{"meta":{"query_hash":"523f7fc6dfc8","filters":{"topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies"},"cohort_total":769,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":769,"exported":769,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/523f7fc6dfc8","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Lattice+Boltzmann+Simulation+Studies"},"results":[{"id":"W125675737","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-35724-7_22","title":"On Recent Analytical Results for Advective Transport in Fluid-Saturated Porous Media","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer proceedings in physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Advection; Porous medium; Mechanics; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Porosity; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.024279490742744388,"score_gpt":0.2469454419827805,"score_spread":0.22266595124003613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W125675737","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.020216394,0.00040696975,0.0003586375,0.00013347047,0.0008523044,0.0019060753,0.00031078482,0.0006284746,0.9751869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833598,0.00051605434,0.0009287671,0.000091050824,0.0014238056,0.00016981897,0.00030555436,0.00044128616,0.012763841],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976195,0.0000020040584,0.0008299605,0.0006390313,0.00043252006,0.00047695276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990494,0.00022861637,0.00015015704,0.00017250875,0.0003317803,0.00006752308],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023484771,0.0005992533,0.0007755221,0.00030746215,0.000040170016,0.000027512058,0.00019396243,0.00042478758,0.000005926695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010471917,0.0006381975,0.0001387875,0.00023329194,0.00007752826,0.00017399357,0.000032756594,0.0007302373,0.000021343281],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0027117908,0.0005196967,0.0012303744,0.0024186769,0.0011167631,0.00015191444,0.009660239,0.22607306,0.0005228027,0.6982448,0.026332177,0.031017706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.025576182,0.00093298673,0.037635285,0.009213925,0.0012780089,0.000011638988,0.0005215286,0.13460645,0.00552266,0.44613656,0.32747415,0.011090623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009704211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004034927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9631434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064291054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040026847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996069},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1417785706","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2015.09.014","title":"Numerical and experimental study on gas flow in nanoporous media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Major State Basic Research Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanoporous; Knudsen diffusion; Porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Knudsen number; Diffusion; Mechanics; Convection–diffusion equation; Flow (mathematics); Permeability (electromagnetism); Boltzmann equation; Materials science; Gaseous diffusion; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Chemistry; Physics; Porosity; Nanotechnology; Physical chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.020958653240882887,"score_gpt":0.26569817419054964,"score_spread":0.24473952094966675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1417785706","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972435,0.0018645299,0.000050429302,0.000055229288,0.000636687,0.000054694345,1.8447372e-7,0.000023067032,0.00007167661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989723,0.000021096948,0.0008881838,0.000013738599,0.000093354225,0.0000010173719,4.8611952e-8,0.000008386496,0.0000018717878],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990364,0.0000065460745,0.00021729212,0.00009658724,0.0004593242,0.00018389644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961853,0.00006621921,0.000028807608,0.000054126045,0.000088624554,0.00014366518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004917254,0.0001081037,0.00018364887,0.00025394926,0.000033669956,0.000055455675,0.00009848578,0.000020754473,7.1977064e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002397423,0.00008359392,0.000013930875,0.00032567242,0.00004784694,0.00044243675,0.000034651184,0.00021367801,9.816094e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056591474,0.00013100189,0.0067766346,0.000019013403,0.00003473577,0.00019106263,0.017421894,0.95057356,0.019742375,0.000035420715,0.00020283944,0.0048148767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030461547,0.0008754053,0.0771242,0.0001378792,0.00002005713,0.00034969827,0.008321314,0.9014835,0.0077718687,0.00004270788,0.0003763271,0.00045092913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021045216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.0434787e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07034757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012916769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002099116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34088612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1469133587","doi":"10.1007/s11047-015-9508-3","title":"Halting the hallmarks: a cellular automaton model of early cancer growth inhibition","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Computing","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Middlesex London Health Unit; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Cancer; Cancer cell; Cellular automaton; Medicine; Biology; Computational biology; Computer science; Algorithm; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.030396397982565684,"score_gpt":0.2577887319160594,"score_spread":0.2273923339334937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1469133587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851234,0.0018085003,0.010959069,0.000114984425,0.0003533078,0.00012893545,0.0000026462162,0.0003156845,0.0011934482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99747723,0.0000050982917,0.0022733584,0.000046170524,0.00014730198,0.0000028132997,0.0000025883162,0.000023851078,0.00002157966],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990944,0.000029750268,0.0002732869,0.00012242686,0.0002739743,0.00020610951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994102,0.00011376828,0.00008459653,0.00011486802,0.00023877643,0.000037783153],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029111182,0.0001310044,0.00016984213,0.00005324488,0.000101670135,0.000031661464,0.000101927915,0.000054168282,0.0000011185624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007606783,0.000098682474,0.00005228147,0.00019761258,0.00003462443,0.00016134333,0.00009213218,0.0002504851,0.0000045492525],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061878263,0.000005054258,0.002459443,0.00007492939,0.000046766425,0.0000014028227,0.0037374438,0.98262644,0.007925818,0.0008670157,0.00039958773,0.0018499411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027203784,0.0000069527478,0.0011452477,0.000084671716,0.000017558295,0.0000010612629,0.00016798852,0.9905376,0.0071636215,0.00046876128,0.000015585902,0.00011892002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008977677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011110954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012353814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009456969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002322845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40241545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481538133","doi":"10.4271/2003-01-2389","title":"Mathematical Modeling of the Evaporator of Two-phase Heat Transfer Devices","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Evaporator; Heat transfer; Phase (matter); Computer science; Materials science; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Heat exchanger; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.0227551070054414,"score_gpt":0.27706267690505554,"score_spread":0.2543075698996141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1481538133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9378711,0.00087582227,0.000072175506,0.00048676264,0.00017035399,0.0010952457,0.00007781088,0.0012691659,0.05808158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99702567,0.000086892614,0.0023025102,0.00022932903,0.000042151132,0.000117414515,0.000005431595,0.00012187825,0.00006874248],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962204,0.00014991635,0.0015081265,0.00055935956,0.00094946055,0.0006127117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977534,0.0005454345,0.00006793579,0.0012534885,0.00018659045,0.00019317251],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006587468,0.00062015647,0.0011066882,0.00014122296,0.00019496072,0.000032826603,0.0007301735,0.00043838468,0.00047492594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005641292,0.00044398848,0.00053171685,0.00080080476,0.000763242,0.0003370258,0.0001410741,0.00074501056,0.000040558465],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000100479214,0.00036799067,0.000082763334,0.00027459755,0.00011875536,0.000004707488,0.000086349646,0.016171552,0.94213456,0.040231362,0.0001567336,0.0002701465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.023508329,0.006231586,0.7930919,0.005685193,0.0032288688,0.00041804617,0.0025502283,0.0009479035,0.037674583,0.06800698,0.05065169,0.008004716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000069044763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004153602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90445995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013087464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066650326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1492700869","doi":"","title":"Direct numerical simulation of self-noise of an installed control-diffusion airfoil","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian acoustics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Compute Canada","keywords":"Airfoil; Anechoic chamber; Acoustics; Aeroacoustics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boundary layer; Physics; Mechanics; Sound pressure","score_opus":0.014554795916376415,"score_gpt":0.21494262400920447,"score_spread":0.20038782809282807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1492700869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9659015,0.00009598479,0.024458623,0.0000044883277,0.0002177049,0.00020127042,0.000112267335,0.00015312787,0.00885507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979819,0.000012966087,0.0018622024,0.00003263252,0.0000401755,0.0000032188143,0.0000097089205,0.000031779025,0.00002543922],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920547,0.000023703775,0.00030946315,0.00010976257,0.00014493366,0.00020664251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921983,0.00009475283,0.000055091128,0.00022619517,0.00018714786,0.00021695957],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008535607,0.0001283864,0.00026773429,0.00016073418,0.000042489377,0.000004855234,0.00010255949,0.00009578088,0.00006402185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010336923,0.0001338581,0.00004257622,0.0001745112,0.000038872557,0.000103644416,0.000010239955,0.00007232834,0.0000075925045],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014861383,0.000034673943,0.0018453385,0.00006844663,0.000072576724,0.000006807357,0.001363004,0.99105734,0.00453574,0.000054394488,0.00006459643,0.0008822392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005737668,0.000052573025,0.06646168,0.000015001011,0.000086744476,5.512424e-7,0.00011598105,0.93194836,0.00032110425,0.00002715534,0.00025663787,0.00014043238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003389833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018000249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.064616345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011746696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008587467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54585755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1521574786","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_241","title":"Stability Analysis for the Immersed Boundary Method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"New Trends in Fluid Mechanics Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Compressibility; Regularization (linguistics); Mechanics; Physics; Membrane; Boundary value problem; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Materials science; Mathematics; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.2807786761343981,"score_gpt":0.44647293478388844,"score_spread":0.16569425864949033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1521574786","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000015794241,0.008825195,0.6705412,0.00047453414,0.00075776485,0.0011122512,0.00028841564,0.00026243622,0.31772238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.042412724,0.0051679597,0.047687903,0.00020987813,0.002114243,0.00047386615,0.00076807296,0.000988893,0.90017647],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960601,0.00010590042,0.00079380063,0.00070656766,0.001436475,0.00089715957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942897,0.003673844,0.00006759793,0.0012804647,0.00050321984,0.00018520221],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006430505,0.00046533317,0.0008505872,0.002426781,0.000307587,0.00012650646,0.0007035243,0.000584263,0.0016673007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023754354,0.00038818334,0.00059153594,0.001390145,0.000087324224,0.00009782084,0.0002963247,0.0014335596,0.00005108533],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040703893,0.000059439757,0.000020501659,0.00034127137,0.007939796,0.00003514447,0.0020720921,0.06644064,0.0009104731,0.3510547,0.028678473,0.5420404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008504875,0.00008232424,0.00006186801,0.000039574286,0.00064633327,0.0000010922008,0.0001983611,0.48298174,0.0004519612,0.029904509,0.48426348,0.00051827804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011458905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020520454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62285334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00085326476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017188194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1538909984","doi":"10.1002/pamm.201410323","title":"Consistent implementation of real fluid EOS in pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann models","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PAMM","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Pseudopotential; Equation of state; Statistical physics; Consistency (knowledge bases); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Thermodynamics; Range (aeronautics); Condensed matter physics; Materials science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0226657243497206,"score_gpt":0.27522882869338255,"score_spread":0.25256310434366197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1538909984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96880865,0.00013397109,0.017321419,0.000085185166,0.0002598744,0.00025442443,0.000015546095,0.0001522321,0.012968724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840504,0.00006600617,0.0013494178,0.000026136575,0.000061791936,0.000018436918,0.0000122330075,0.000021870725,0.00003906635],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990742,0.000037576305,0.00037348628,0.00013391578,0.0001862416,0.00019453377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958354,0.00009031616,0.000048053116,0.00017625441,0.00006593262,0.000035918853],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021364118,0.00011562401,0.00020458858,0.000098535435,0.000028917248,0.000012231302,0.00007387651,0.00004352283,0.00004012232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014474492,0.00012067974,0.00004722568,0.00011979579,0.000028271563,0.00016773859,0.00003652321,0.0000640017,0.000025525887],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059146998,0.00010985798,0.030718911,0.00053781515,0.00032649084,0.000007554292,0.007051657,0.86937946,0.023495384,0.038742617,0.0019895714,0.027581504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023742225,0.00006684441,0.07448914,0.000046378416,0.0000937691,0.0000031015506,0.0014232863,0.9081599,0.0079687275,0.0037341209,0.0012465776,0.00039393117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019014547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022716435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043770224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047918216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000098168675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49211767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1551365010","doi":"","title":"주행조건에서의 자동차 모델 항력에 대한 수치해석적 연구","year":2003,"lang":"ko","type":"article","venue":"대한기계학회 논문집 B권","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Domain decomposition methods; Computation; Drag; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Finite element method; Wind tunnel; IBM; Drag coefficient; Domain (mathematical analysis); Simulation; Parallel computing; Computational science; Mathematics; Algorithm; Engineering; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.0208906115988523,"score_gpt":0.252951905657804,"score_spread":0.2320612940589517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1551365010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47889093,0.021518629,0.00955765,0.0016564805,0.008917732,0.0015729538,0.00016034894,0.0019609716,0.4757643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791503,0.00046312626,0.002084902,0.0004907804,0.000501589,0.000029875095,0.000013217727,0.0001675857,0.017098648],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970015,0.00013437236,0.000741314,0.0006048088,0.0005670975,0.0009508842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981477,0.00037804496,0.00013717494,0.0008747391,0.00020074077,0.00026160217],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004225865,0.00061421865,0.0006653037,0.00019895358,0.00031654918,0.00016528612,0.00030956924,0.00032635638,0.0027790111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003725326,0.00065060746,0.00026239856,0.0005971434,0.00012182411,0.00036521253,0.00009787495,0.0005256277,0.0075753666],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016438705,0.0012423425,0.12965783,0.0029742836,0.005358146,0.00069627346,0.031799026,0.4095858,0.0068779457,0.097468056,0.2565751,0.057600807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033581592,0.00017718351,0.061813354,0.00041806189,0.0005620744,0.000048981467,0.0023915437,0.016480073,0.005390419,0.002994371,0.9039594,0.0024063701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000063704465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050260165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6473843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025147194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008606708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1556630114","doi":"10.1155/2015/920692","title":"Numerical Simulations of Gravity Driven Reversible Reactive Flows in Homogeneous Porous Media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Problems in Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Waterloo","funders":"Western Canada Research Grid","keywords":"Instability; Mechanics; Porous medium; Convective instability; Flow (mathematics); Chemical reaction; Convection; Viscous fingering; Nonlinear system; Attenuation; Diffusion; Homogeneous; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Porosity","score_opus":0.027698688405525976,"score_gpt":0.2434657996596967,"score_spread":0.21576711125417072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1556630114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76549745,0.00039812733,0.22995882,0.00004835499,0.0002761177,0.0007265628,0.000020727146,0.00042071025,0.0026531229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98926044,0.0000053442964,0.010615283,0.0000028142886,0.000029058347,0.00002846002,0.000005853378,0.00004433409,0.000008424999],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863875,0.000021555377,0.00057579007,0.00017601739,0.00027980682,0.0003080687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906164,0.00049653486,0.000041283107,0.00023202332,0.000064612905,0.00010391039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002681768,0.000200124,0.00045312557,0.0002650426,0.000011666327,0.0000111331665,0.00014109389,0.00010948102,0.000014795333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005872499,0.00020533496,0.000045068482,0.00055000826,0.000025336998,0.0001692128,0.00005689722,0.00026376842,0.000021535745],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000027801752,0.00007171264,0.0011601937,0.0002774268,0.000022442915,0.000010874241,0.0028059306,0.9941567,0.0007817756,0.00060427457,0.000018877503,0.00008697613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005601442,0.000017534192,0.0006346136,0.00021614757,0.000012797917,0.0000069619186,0.0001125307,0.9907231,0.00042091074,0.007023113,0.00005064227,0.00022152968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019858659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032119107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22376296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023080781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018211333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83733165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1565707308","doi":"10.1115/1.4031000","title":"Is the Lattice Boltzmann Method Applicable to Rarefied Gas Flows? Comprehensive Evaluation of the Higher-Order Models","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Knudsen number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mach number; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Choked flow; Boundary value problem; Supersonic speed; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0843454612000533,"score_gpt":0.31854517551841705,"score_spread":0.23419971431836373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1565707308","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44349673,0.006025132,0.5423921,0.0021263862,0.0022377463,0.0008966109,0.000013880939,0.00012942636,0.0026820316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9615041,0.000037364276,0.03774623,0.00020080744,0.0003489906,0.000022489998,5.486881e-7,0.000059440463,0.00008002673],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979164,0.000090328904,0.0006136673,0.0001175316,0.001023888,0.00023817945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997604,0.00030070377,0.00012427133,0.00037957754,0.0014721176,0.00011933504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013758617,0.00021269963,0.00037497692,0.00013425946,0.000059311544,0.000037851056,0.00038006323,0.000074849,0.000018845132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017869337,0.00013638289,0.00014429002,0.0005520225,0.00001709564,0.00029344996,0.00010349431,0.00030394737,0.00000918823],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012932736,0.000010414545,0.000021120502,0.000039753293,0.00020774394,6.951411e-7,0.0016788994,0.9844953,0.009049048,0.000409806,0.003142849,0.00093142793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084466103,0.00003470577,0.000975929,0.00008114662,0.00028809955,0.00001763077,0.00030589767,0.98038673,0.0056212796,0.0007599924,0.010518512,0.00016539393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000073991796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012234481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5180074,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020016124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006359599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55615324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W157395858","doi":"10.1115/es2011-54431","title":"Hydrodynamic Modeling of CO2-Saturated Brine Injection in Geologic Formations for Carbon Sequestration Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Parts A, B, and C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Porosity; Brine; Carbon sequestration; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Dissolution; Porous medium; Permeability (electromagnetism); Geology; Compressibility; Carbon dioxide; Mineralogy; Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.07611313162883106,"score_gpt":0.3224455046259337,"score_spread":0.24633237299710264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W157395858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8627349,0.000057803525,0.12928706,0.00022039046,0.00028048485,0.0003579692,0.00001505573,0.00007876728,0.0069675674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984875,0.000043588967,0.0011481395,0.00002789882,0.000040820734,0.00007435479,0.00003311146,0.000015411337,0.00012920873],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998845,0.000089673624,0.00045893257,0.00022377518,0.0001739325,0.00020870256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988192,0.0001243629,0.000118413176,0.00018054678,0.00072369404,0.000033786408],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043177896,0.00017874944,0.00020779656,0.0001840569,0.000095329226,0.000033038825,0.00014522519,0.000096856464,0.000022188022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011101349,0.00014945655,0.00004669837,0.00010864918,0.00008322694,0.00031434675,0.00005085371,0.00012894388,3.256217e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086461856,0.000063510684,0.0027288492,0.000071511415,0.000078835015,0.0000010929929,0.0019466826,0.82009625,0.00013032819,0.1739536,0.000004759659,0.00083812815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032792243,0.00008047888,0.002569432,0.000021943984,0.000029662502,0.0000041492494,0.0017262216,0.93970805,0.0002650261,0.05508435,0.000037813053,0.00014497389],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020230778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007503172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13575257,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019601875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000710939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60946614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1574625762","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-75995-9_172","title":"Fluid Flow Simulation in Random Porous Media at Pore Level Using Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"New Trends in Fluid Mechanics Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Tortuosity; Porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Permeability (electromagnetism); Porosity; Materials science; Lattice (music); Mechanics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.26954210535247963,"score_gpt":0.42446809348440395,"score_spread":0.15492598813192432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1574625762","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0025563613,0.023110528,0.41099527,0.0004011571,0.004932897,0.0037957306,0.0008530461,0.0014859405,0.5518691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.19063388,0.0062792497,0.21763672,0.00032303602,0.005585389,0.00017298582,0.0031145236,0.0033455214,0.5729087],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99256724,0.00027848873,0.0016959484,0.0011812161,0.0027031526,0.0015739616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99438906,0.0033524386,0.00015670333,0.0011300462,0.0005692467,0.00040248717],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0053263507,0.0009585756,0.0014849547,0.005116544,0.00023664495,0.00011254124,0.0006994818,0.0014899863,0.0011065572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065276894,0.001066561,0.0002882581,0.001227934,0.00007652022,0.0003558866,0.00070183945,0.002321155,0.00018798777],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051326415,0.00003829959,0.000008522618,0.00018462533,0.00020771271,0.00047601413,0.0017700065,0.89255124,0.0012582089,0.01228497,0.0019759513,0.08873119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044051195,0.00005806526,0.000038067214,0.00045555996,0.00008479991,0.000023775636,0.00007606618,0.9502346,0.0004192478,0.009618577,0.033662967,0.0009231533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021773018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030155391,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19335856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029588966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027082782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1601863551","doi":"10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02578.x","title":"A new approach to model the spatiotemporal development of biofilm phase in porous media","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Microbiology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Porous medium; Biofilm; Permeability (electromagnetism); Hydraulic conductivity; Relative permeability; Porosity; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Darcy's law; Mass transfer; Viscosity; Mechanics; Geology; Soil science; Chemistry; Membrane; Bacteria; Physics","score_opus":0.03531596161989176,"score_gpt":0.22138243329313023,"score_spread":0.18606647167323848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1601863551","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816616,0.00015163873,0.01645131,0.000012225979,0.00006846264,0.00022675397,0.00002718621,0.000026636171,0.0013741422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95000106,0.0000064834767,0.049800187,0.000044224373,0.000011423123,0.000014567609,0.000033431956,0.000015187558,0.00007346167],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993604,0.000017192562,0.00027077625,0.00014761412,0.000032907323,0.00017115206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976385,0.000019650399,0.000030738687,0.00014717899,0.0000013978902,0.000037200065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008751845,0.00012132081,0.00015994503,0.00006131247,0.000024267722,0.0000015721326,0.00013979786,0.00006112757,0.00008349938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036951858,0.000095054354,0.000020831805,0.000055776865,0.00005631803,0.00003330694,0.000089480505,0.000075450655,0.00009862193],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012057547,0.00060229836,0.0068786982,0.00003188204,0.00017708138,0.000003688645,0.08908439,0.07211549,0.8058174,0.00016713918,0.0018671657,0.023134196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012340067,0.00030883783,0.11666368,0.0000700735,0.00012576391,0.00008406701,0.0086805085,0.07745319,0.7629024,0.0006387218,0.018253773,0.0024789441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012965189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002241099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.109784976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080968035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012268192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3876204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1659775582","doi":"10.1002/fld.3884","title":"An immersed boundary method for fluid flows around rigid objects","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Boundary (topology); Finite element method; Rigid body; Base (topology); Immersed boundary method; Flow (mathematics); Mathematics; Mesh generation; Geometry; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Classical mechanics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.036568754600362643,"score_gpt":0.4269965965060543,"score_spread":0.3904278419056917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1659775582","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0042847907,0.00030692868,0.9868798,0.00032504677,0.006639805,0.00034810332,0.00003459129,0.0001388702,0.0010420623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07689675,0.00004068837,0.92058754,0.000475568,0.0016691342,0.00011824216,0.000022806826,0.00008983451,0.00009943441],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99754494,0.00039013586,0.0008443127,0.0003308025,0.00043511248,0.00045469374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99625516,0.002711348,0.00010966651,0.0002327698,0.00049372064,0.00019733967],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030049738,0.0002995865,0.00050569104,0.00037052462,0.0001919426,0.0002680944,0.0006069112,0.00014812713,0.00005248128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015034912,0.00028092435,0.0003036797,0.00020914403,0.000045882585,0.00052450155,0.000050819937,0.00035147378,0.000009670832],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006413448,0.00023455276,0.00069783896,0.000085537686,0.000911804,0.000013315653,0.0013966208,0.27000368,0.10258067,0.006643315,0.0031795946,0.61361176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017583865,0.00021552722,0.0004848762,0.00003647029,0.00004543304,0.000061383435,0.00018645181,0.8487294,0.004601577,0.025839148,0.11771001,0.00033136475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000096666145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000043260397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61328036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036456995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004933299,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1679872786","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2004.1416","title":"Lattice Boltzmann algorithm for three–dimensional liquid–crystal hydrodynamics","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Liquid crystal; Backflow; Viscoelasticity; Physics; Isotropy; Complex fluid; Shear flow; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Twist; Classical mechanics; Statistical physics; Optics; Geometry; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.017838859560485674,"score_gpt":0.23861758619983728,"score_spread":0.2207787266393516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1679872786","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.21345794,0.00010556239,0.7842481,0.0014291912,0.00013678202,0.00027139107,0.000041127732,0.00017544108,0.00013446454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96759796,0.0000031462214,0.032176383,0.000020955782,0.00013398759,0.000035909747,6.6079855e-7,0.00002125451,0.00000976049],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988858,0.000005842662,0.00025581705,0.00021516222,0.0003575803,0.00027976095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992849,0.00039901817,0.000029972298,0.00014365741,0.000046854875,0.000095579446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016941204,0.00020301648,0.00029997007,0.000021862392,0.00029729356,0.000028758277,0.00021812179,0.000078959376,0.000004554178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033465843,0.00014091327,0.00033811078,0.00026521806,0.00048507183,0.00013388746,0.000030186558,0.00023144884,0.000002791589],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032793118,0.00010713891,7.5910253e-7,0.00017751145,0.0000899408,9.5036164e-8,0.00022538855,0.9747615,0.00043681974,0.023918094,0.000002932104,0.00027654335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028455004,0.00009138544,0.000048843678,0.000068537265,0.000076791985,0.0000024237563,0.000017953971,0.87752134,0.0003686986,0.12134628,0.000015164909,0.0001580325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000035912417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.7952107e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039882365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017037752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5746276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W175467639","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-33418-4_5","title":"LBM-EP: Lattice-Boltzmann Method for Fast Cardiac Electrophysiology Simulation from 3D Images","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lecture notes in computer science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Sciences Centre; University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra","keywords":"Cardiac electrophysiology; Computer science; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discretization; Grid; Set (abstract data type); Algorithm; Electrophysiology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Medicine","score_opus":0.016309912428513762,"score_gpt":0.2955100389678893,"score_spread":0.27920012653937554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W175467639","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06868748,0.00077754114,0.92848104,0.00008137714,0.0014232446,0.00030241543,0.000018111581,0.00020182105,0.000026942565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.62701714,0.000006850535,0.37215957,0.00015174755,0.00062016107,0.000017675875,0.000007530267,0.00001837478,9.736127e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983377,0.0000664541,0.00027524485,0.00040088134,0.00025250853,0.0006672508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974677,0.0018967746,0.000055488323,0.00035339556,0.00013823537,0.00008843284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046969688,0.00024048664,0.00034682537,0.00019724158,0.00017686847,0.00008162555,0.0003236676,0.000104119405,0.000008388801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001838835,0.00021916025,0.00007739338,0.0006317762,0.00013533272,0.00056352257,0.00013542485,0.00020035746,0.000021616399],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000072297466,0.000013369037,0.0014742058,0.000015146529,0.000022100841,3.086579e-7,0.0008916798,0.85998267,0.016609272,0.00002733508,0.000013083138,0.12094362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002316441,0.0000379726,0.019826012,0.000013598263,0.000021592185,5.845442e-7,0.0000017902021,0.9590938,0.01784141,0.0022238947,0.0004476674,0.0002600204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026093834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072903044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55832964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014370013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026795395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8937096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1778938482","doi":"10.3968/j.aped.1925543820140701.1845","title":"Gas Flow Model of Adhesion Sand Casing Well First Interface Micro Clearance and Application","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in petroleum exploration and development","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Casing; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Annulus (botany); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Adhesion; Materials science; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Petroleum engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.01363927265350981,"score_gpt":0.240900893493743,"score_spread":0.22726162084023319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1778938482","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11880935,0.0024858378,0.87763274,0.00008619446,0.000066244545,0.00010904423,0.0000011566269,0.000056746794,0.0007526864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9683912,0.002612898,0.028895771,0.000019957657,0.000011664409,0.00003135665,0.000005147571,0.000012232341,0.000019791325],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934417,0.000011579457,0.00027814953,0.00016288567,0.00009896233,0.000104249826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975157,0.000050696923,0.000053371685,0.00008247164,0.000033360928,0.000028530609],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012813308,0.00011215695,0.00015324473,0.00007965414,0.00007102113,0.000016569555,0.00003524269,0.00003318339,0.0000014118885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013570802,0.00011262436,0.0000072075213,0.000063647036,0.000034571498,0.00049164466,0.00003032808,0.000054150245,0.0000057343045],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021778626,0.000009048209,0.0013480226,0.00011992381,0.0000044804597,6.697602e-8,0.0019139401,0.96393985,0.001545589,0.00006867148,0.000011833415,0.0310168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044300267,0.000013148839,0.00073301437,0.00007904601,0.0000028099307,6.2872726e-7,0.00025159534,0.9706282,0.017450476,0.00045060524,0.009815611,0.0001318833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010522715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006311774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84958184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040699888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006788951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4592688},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1855055124","doi":"10.1080/14685248.2015.1043132","title":"Visualisation and analysis of large-scale vortex structures in three-dimensional turbulent lid-driven cavity flow","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Turbulence","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Turbulence; Vorticity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Mechanics; Flow visualization; Large eddy simulation; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Vector field","score_opus":0.022331323406750706,"score_gpt":0.28309046293105017,"score_spread":0.26075913952429947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1855055124","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949127,0.001417576,0.0032776343,0.00011109995,0.0001678897,0.000057890382,0.00001619267,0.000012963113,0.000026098613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99483955,0.000039844523,0.0050190804,0.00003433242,0.00004891452,7.4628343e-7,0.0000029578516,0.000009260597,0.0000053117956],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987509,0.000039873183,0.000523262,0.000103437,0.00044061977,0.00014188289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917156,0.000099571065,0.00021716926,0.00011939134,0.00029606544,0.00009622159],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039323093,0.00012243462,0.0004146069,0.00037178755,0.000023999703,0.000016607615,0.00010211674,0.000064208056,0.000016981208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009624283,0.00010108727,0.00009285274,0.0004312383,0.000041612904,0.00026528008,0.000041290892,0.00017194904,8.58493e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030176263,0.00002666963,0.065560766,0.000020894759,0.00027550457,0.000012167856,0.0016721982,0.9315864,0.00026125272,0.000027484988,0.00015629781,0.00037021984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004744449,0.0000381606,0.35284838,0.000036194673,0.00021566775,0.000011489283,0.00013505323,0.6453421,0.00022782675,0.0005091825,0.00007431534,0.00008714108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018521594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017304375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28728762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008840371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003069177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41222194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1882953655","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-12659-8_14","title":"OpenMP Parallelization of a Mickens Time-Integration Scheme for a Mixed-Culture Biofilm Model and Its Performance on Multi-core and Multi-processor Computers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Lecture notes in computer science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Parallel computing; Computer science; Xeon; Xeon Phi; Multi-core processor; Scheme (mathematics); Discretization; Code (set theory); Workstation; Computational science; Operating system; Mathematics; Set (abstract data type); Programming language","score_opus":0.034782544980928594,"score_gpt":0.266333861660628,"score_spread":0.23155131667969941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1882953655","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0380234,0.0004473425,0.9603041,0.00004724679,0.00027232963,0.0007348832,0.0000357702,0.00008771564,0.00004724881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.52552617,0.0001350312,0.47391808,0.00011818499,0.00007679765,0.000018453218,0.000028435574,0.0000394662,0.00013936858],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985817,0.000004653622,0.00035151388,0.0005567013,0.0002579724,0.0002474474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990758,0.0001472749,0.00014970214,0.00022877895,0.00033095226,0.00006754673],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001964366,0.00038294535,0.0004153391,0.00029274734,0.00016700686,0.000104696745,0.00026287604,0.00030801195,0.0000011429994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068970774,0.00032493137,0.00004344784,0.00013812668,0.0002443858,0.00037452087,0.00014576242,0.0003739322,0.000002741895],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026527387,0.00002571498,0.00006011024,0.0004581156,0.00002966355,9.786544e-7,0.0023328916,0.9342504,0.015496872,0.0005301059,0.000009591932,0.046779018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006837291,0.00008977512,0.0002445254,0.00045061746,0.000017127653,0.000005019953,8.5286445e-7,0.9920766,0.0056388155,0.00040060128,0.000049455983,0.0003429316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011199464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031453397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48750278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057133966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004614643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964448338","doi":"10.1080/15502280601149593","title":"An Algorithm for Solving Reactive Advection-Dispersion Problems","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Computational Methods in Engineering Science and Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Solver; Advection; Partial differential equation; Nonlinear system; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Dispersion (optics); Finite element method; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.02827314082085204,"score_gpt":0.3833216420918896,"score_spread":0.3550485012710376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964448338","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009302349,0.00013149541,0.987172,0.00005215684,0.0029957257,0.00024352541,0.000011553954,0.00007228499,0.000018913419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21883354,0.000024037367,0.7807999,0.000034832367,0.00025915456,0.000019150873,0.000005343193,0.000019621519,0.0000044061753],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987531,0.000008294503,0.00034385137,0.00019783263,0.00043200658,0.00026495848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99809206,0.0006962098,0.00006797484,0.00005186178,0.0009853077,0.00010658279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035421224,0.00012661933,0.000132634,0.00059553306,0.00018118939,0.00013681831,0.00023551314,0.000049619568,0.0000012182969],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048366524,0.00012975356,0.00004617118,0.00028637104,0.000027353453,0.0007413432,0.000028317392,0.00015748249,2.701456e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009176527,0.000016819477,0.000015807691,0.00001416405,0.000030275016,0.0000014045191,0.00035686098,0.85230523,0.015290116,0.0047784382,0.000008969709,0.12717274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049519434,0.00006437709,0.00043034932,0.000052361567,0.000008186102,0.000064416185,0.00024037577,0.98067373,0.0028322684,0.014012592,0.000975244,0.00015092373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015621147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016543636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20953119,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037077797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006116654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5291197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964696826","doi":"10.1155/2011/538637","title":"Simulation of Thermomagnetic Convection in a Cavity Using the Lattice Boltzmann Model","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thermomagnetic convection; Natural convection; Ferrofluid; Convection; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Forced convection; Mechanics; Combined forced and natural convection; Rayleigh–Bénard convection; Magnetic field; Materials science; Dipole; Convective heat transfer; Physics","score_opus":0.06293252538031174,"score_gpt":0.27245482809227806,"score_spread":0.2095223027119663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964696826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81865746,0.000082955536,0.17627056,0.0000041516737,0.00007019764,0.00017136257,0.0000010735137,0.000018635443,0.004723587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96202445,0.000013167402,0.037893645,0.000009685115,0.000030191482,0.0000018919743,1.03823446e-7,0.000021948103,0.0000048970155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895555,0.000010219839,0.0006374744,0.000050081733,0.00023166255,0.00011503239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999098,0.00025890628,0.00033018092,0.00015322426,0.0001351818,0.000024493698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045472322,0.00011332005,0.00027815145,0.000118526805,0.000032011783,0.000008996274,0.000120710385,0.0000585021,0.000011411913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004690125,0.00008086393,0.00005886407,0.00017408936,0.00004511938,0.00011506893,0.000023152732,0.00017241377,0.0000020344023],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020707686,0.00006045593,0.00003394401,0.00013654951,0.000044725795,0.0000011096923,0.0089103505,0.9847731,0.0032885766,0.0025017592,0.000003833652,0.0002248589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036103796,0.000019591767,0.0003730338,0.0000520043,0.0000922195,0.000005274834,0.0010316516,0.9746127,0.001843129,0.021528473,0.0000037032767,0.00007719521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020721004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026456348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14336699,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059679394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019313713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32975352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966776273","doi":"10.1088/1751-8113/46/31/315501","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulations of sound directivity of a cylindrical pipe with mean flow","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology; Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanislawa Staszica; University of Southampton; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Directivity; Mean flow; Physics; Mechanics; Mach number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Acoustics; Computational physics; Computer science; Turbulence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.01180363845917521,"score_gpt":0.23708907776968774,"score_spread":0.22528543931051254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966776273","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87207186,0.000062457766,0.12602854,0.00008979188,0.000028339431,0.00012845176,0.000007912156,0.00001682534,0.0015658088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98733675,0.0000074387226,0.012533136,0.000008835626,0.00008377628,0.0000022103984,4.365487e-7,0.00002175428,0.0000056647873],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987568,0.000049022125,0.0005622169,0.000086913424,0.00038222776,0.00016280313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979368,0.0012643615,0.00016407135,0.00014972014,0.00036647308,0.000118569136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022368599,0.00015662737,0.00056735444,0.000053571344,0.000034781726,0.000023171586,0.00009727306,0.00005987927,0.00011157666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017763994,0.000101785445,0.000107135136,0.00016897323,0.0005416644,0.00021349193,0.00004444747,0.00021474018,0.0000063078037],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004154987,0.00033961356,0.0004144263,0.0003212518,0.00028921978,0.0000028767354,0.0013734745,0.009680441,0.0009605165,0.98533195,0.000015270805,0.0012294243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054641813,0.00017131782,0.00090492744,0.00013373171,0.00017857584,0.000022294773,0.00013780413,0.27790612,0.0021731176,0.7177049,0.000004537701,0.0001162469],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.7016854e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2861385e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26822567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015441035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001552881,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.415069},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967628780","doi":"10.1063/1.4800230","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulations of a single <i>n</i>-butanol drop rising in water","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Schlumberger (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Drop (telecommunication); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Spinning drop method; Mechanics; Terminal velocity; Surface tension; Mass transfer; Capillary action; Thermodynamics; Pressure drop","score_opus":0.020221897232637065,"score_gpt":0.24260331683957861,"score_spread":0.22238141960694155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967628780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98976076,0.00015325917,0.0061389813,0.00005571753,0.0000960009,0.00021947103,0.000011169499,0.00008903923,0.003475627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986672,0.000006584006,0.0011642368,0.000016824692,0.0000616228,0.000009402174,0.0000095683135,0.0000356988,0.000028864799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989953,0.000020000794,0.0004246981,0.00012792264,0.00019694913,0.00023514395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933857,0.0001562608,0.000038225233,0.00025943402,0.00017521842,0.000032321375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000064971726,0.00014894737,0.0002995239,0.000088912835,0.000032710137,0.000016549284,0.00011432525,0.000049870516,0.000047207475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024256446,0.0001337345,0.00006619446,0.00023740799,0.000068328896,0.00042559628,0.000059495273,0.00008990031,0.000056509372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035360904,0.00012196773,0.003451364,0.00014935192,0.000071291055,5.3564486e-7,0.0024077245,0.29432973,0.6971967,0.0007191945,0.00010031645,0.0014482777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093784387,0.000057720703,0.008774929,0.00013374141,0.000065012275,5.5837745e-7,0.00022008161,0.48487782,0.49131545,0.01263705,0.0005888281,0.00039096252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006532713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006138555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20588127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041115825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006292111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5453535},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968369175","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2009.08.070","title":"Simulation of forced convection in a channel with extended surfaces by the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Forced convection; Statistical physics; Convection; Channel (broadcasting); Lattice (music); Mechanics; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.016723846967970434,"score_gpt":0.2761991037996265,"score_spread":0.25947525683165606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968369175","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022704573,0.0001447572,0.9748739,0.00019553068,0.00001697671,0.0010149189,0.000007472649,0.00019201802,0.00084987003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9061125,0.000010801497,0.093593724,0.00005025682,0.000018924728,0.00013733491,0.00001291612,0.000025522808,0.00003799649],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902076,0.000027165479,0.0003619798,0.0001856522,0.00022100499,0.00018344414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857634,0.0007142788,0.00015355041,0.00037523758,0.00014240395,0.00003819027],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021363623,0.0001901408,0.00027950617,0.000095724696,0.00009974228,0.000033907778,0.00017912053,0.000050142477,0.0000021789413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011916996,0.00013083943,0.000029877992,0.0005507515,0.000058582256,0.00014372104,0.000017247225,0.0001219296,0.0000051532274],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011041754,0.00008753468,0.000026834019,0.00008526741,0.000056884004,2.3736585e-7,0.0019199806,0.99202245,0.0002274578,0.0031978032,0.00008091174,0.0022836078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057185104,0.00006839804,0.0010725636,0.000070346054,0.000060551763,0.0000045321503,0.0004292283,0.99293554,0.0005029873,0.003797385,0.00031725885,0.00016938716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004773502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011486498,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88340795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047688718,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012732096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5335477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968847696","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2014.07.008","title":"Prediction of sound absorption by a circular orifice termination in a turbulent pipe flow using the Lattice-Boltzmann method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Acoustics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Compute Canada","keywords":"Body orifice; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Mechanics; Mach number; Acoustics; Anechoic chamber; Orifice plate; Physics; Pressure drop; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.02305652442862739,"score_gpt":0.25604662805907275,"score_spread":0.23299010363044537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968847696","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23105182,0.000094568335,0.7677281,0.000021353404,0.00017120168,0.00031617717,0.000020643492,0.0001125049,0.00048366672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829416,0.00002573427,0.016729375,0.000041426254,0.0001426657,0.00003315093,0.000032121046,0.000039644063,0.000014247562],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881107,0.000050498522,0.0004197515,0.00019625919,0.0003077047,0.0002147018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991831,0.00030548027,0.00010878862,0.0002775575,0.00009434866,0.00003070136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005978378,0.00017915326,0.00023187777,0.00010807984,0.00008714194,0.000032127155,0.00012096488,0.00012681911,0.0000070823444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006499438,0.00015804706,0.00003964177,0.00029025128,0.00004703643,0.00010046438,0.00003048869,0.0001937144,0.000007687686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008070642,0.000033799326,0.00017615163,0.0001421615,0.00004328745,4.4129985e-7,0.0010017548,0.840721,0.15480992,0.0003902768,0.00019572537,0.0024774114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047415614,0.000012989893,0.0032618572,0.000024607409,0.00013318053,0.0000036277645,0.00033974688,0.9907521,0.0026266212,0.0016323089,0.0005971194,0.00014171014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010134406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024109534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7518898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013538942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010525237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6444972},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971216557","doi":"10.1103/physreve.65.056704","title":"Lattice Boltzmann method for viscoelastic fluids","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Viscoelasticity; Physics; Dispersion relation; Mechanics; Shear (geology); Shear flow; Boundary value problem; Autocorrelation; Classical mechanics; HPP model; Boltzmann relation; Boltzmann equation; Materials science; Mathematics; Condensed matter physics; Reynolds number; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.02218037404809953,"score_gpt":0.33162166183288455,"score_spread":0.309441287784785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971216557","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005913107,0.028783042,0.9230205,0.003170519,0.0024999152,0.002470528,0.00078181166,0.0010837204,0.032276846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82447463,0.03606797,0.12037595,0.001744629,0.005850211,0.0009882601,0.00093332154,0.00084369996,0.0087212995],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972217,0.00012582866,0.00090623926,0.0006875513,0.00038328918,0.00067539763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972957,0.0016438339,0.00010212565,0.00046419897,0.00018246494,0.00031167272],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022476613,0.0006171723,0.0011518749,0.00006444147,0.00036294828,0.00008027675,0.00027404533,0.000149378,0.0001262212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029027852,0.0005348292,0.0002948771,0.0002600526,0.00029223537,0.00036042556,0.0003667833,0.0006388503,0.00030572465],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013762814,0.0015285419,0.00013752657,0.014694051,0.002457151,0.00010126578,0.0060891667,0.01018351,0.0022383835,0.52233905,0.21728319,0.22281052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009111502,0.0003447157,0.00026431598,0.00089733285,0.00078392477,0.00002102649,0.000077456934,0.84275126,0.00019608365,0.13676532,0.016212465,0.0007749471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017125503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013573489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83256775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001014539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001192757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973173031","doi":"10.1006/jcph.2002.7067","title":"A Cartesian Grid Method with Transient Anisotropic Adaptation","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Multigrid method; Cartesian coordinate system; Regular grid; Discretization; Grid; Interpolation (computer graphics); Cylinder; Geometry; Analytic geometry; Computer science; Applied mathematics; Boundary (topology); Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Partial differential equation","score_opus":0.026586528888023972,"score_gpt":0.24765202845065656,"score_spread":0.2210654995626326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1973173031","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.040811893,0.00021113963,0.95762646,0.00018205891,0.00017477345,0.00005601942,0.000004616134,0.000035642,0.00089741935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.898513,0.000011052388,0.101049066,0.000050598654,0.00034227278,0.0000010728808,0.0000024641151,0.000016645217,0.000013809842],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919385,0.00002602361,0.0002679944,0.00005562516,0.00036264933,0.00009387751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935436,0.0001442984,0.00011116765,0.000045812867,0.00029717266,0.00004719362],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006151139,0.0000992245,0.00017526708,0.000054105898,0.000048281912,0.000025041165,0.000057308385,0.000018521312,0.000017584995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005065616,0.00008244735,0.00006419924,0.00017518453,0.000017975373,0.00026878712,0.0000034586064,0.00011794509,0.000011507799],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000765846,0.000030974752,0.00006705616,0.000016025206,0.000118499076,0.000007286745,0.0015178288,0.9873889,0.000035545218,0.00095862546,0.00078339875,0.009068211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008028644,0.00012246719,0.0059294924,0.000029931505,0.0000635509,0.00004558207,0.0001641843,0.9864413,0.000064062115,0.004753955,0.0014670135,0.000115573624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.091578e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.086501e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8577011,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051719482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014253477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33621055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973824175","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2009.08.042","title":"Multirange multi-relaxation time Shan–Chen model with extended equilibrium","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Chen; Mathematics; Relaxation (psychology); Collision; Prandtl number; Work (physics); Stability (learning theory); Term (time); Statistical physics; Flow (mathematics); Operator (biology); Function (biology); Distribution function; Applied mathematics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Computer science; Chemistry; Geometry","score_opus":0.020056691526558083,"score_gpt":0.24457927289354325,"score_spread":0.22452258136698516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1973824175","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013121414,0.00009453147,0.98238605,0.00017255874,0.000013828045,0.0010560345,0.000013839608,0.00095388736,0.002187883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.40170017,0.0000071836253,0.5974531,0.00008637245,0.000048281796,0.000235221,0.000038775164,0.000057773435,0.000373102],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884903,0.000008182343,0.00032880701,0.0002775465,0.00025682047,0.0002796308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989541,0.000105135696,0.00011790786,0.0005623457,0.00015474827,0.00010574435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000080924925,0.00028412463,0.0002969124,0.00011273017,0.000118331234,0.00007394781,0.00024802153,0.000069378955,0.0000071036084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000057463376,0.00023132574,0.000043916087,0.00032953607,0.00006278491,0.00023023963,0.00003373115,0.00013403271,0.00016155363],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011039055,0.00030768293,0.000031532236,0.00012822474,0.00013940065,0.0000016487041,0.0024245048,0.9840229,0.0018416486,0.0041250326,0.0007267762,0.0062396093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008085639,0.000045736822,0.0006178179,0.00006829302,0.000081794424,0.000009103893,0.000051213665,0.99593717,0.00019811645,0.0015992247,0.00026437407,0.00031859183],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.2571723e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020372393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38857877,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079073194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022217191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.943319},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975790980","doi":"10.1017/s0022112005007500","title":"Numerical modelling of convection in a reactive porous medium with a mobile mush–liquid interface","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Mechanics; Interface (matter); Convection; Materials science; Porosity; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.012750620532649526,"score_gpt":0.22681809982649592,"score_spread":0.2140674792938464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975790980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5413695,0.0005120139,0.45765865,0.000019872901,0.00018535586,0.000088851746,0.0000014504309,0.000021169863,0.00014311873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963203,0.00007295205,0.00345583,0.000006581,0.000101481826,0.0000044579297,5.1691313e-7,0.000027297596,0.000010568384],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998898,0.00002693529,0.00055409403,0.00008353918,0.0002867287,0.00015069875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993132,0.0000845155,0.00020543154,0.00009879741,0.00026075396,0.000037318543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026294184,0.0001288346,0.00036270518,0.00018441165,0.000017174367,0.000010211504,0.000086964115,0.00006729062,0.000007795118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018446955,0.00010744631,0.000055323242,0.00023880132,0.00001112365,0.00022461398,0.000014625435,0.00024411098,0.0000018112169],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025989732,0.000058960395,0.000018809877,0.000035278204,0.000059639406,0.000018330818,0.0006704267,0.9728138,0.025808863,0.00012800883,0.00005836712,0.00006965577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009894372,0.00067865336,0.000024110803,0.00015888271,0.000051091083,0.000101179416,0.00059653464,0.9080966,0.08865417,0.00027855253,0.00023628236,0.00013450006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004443302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009298272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4549508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017659916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003796115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43815333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977406976","doi":"10.1007/s10404-010-0624-1","title":"Lattice Boltzmann method for microfluidics: models and applications","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microfluidics and Nanofluidics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":426,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Microfluidics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Electrokinetic phenomena; Multiphase flow; Boundary value problem; Digital microfluidics; Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Computer science; Statistical physics; Materials science; Physics; Electrowetting; Nanotechnology; Voltage","score_opus":0.017478584969295406,"score_gpt":0.27023286349599057,"score_spread":0.2527542785266952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977406976","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.107464276,0.07005647,0.81730515,0.0004755214,0.0006501679,0.0016326733,0.00034079613,0.0006442472,0.0014307122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6026838,0.10805865,0.27983436,0.0023536955,0.0024589607,0.0020065594,0.00031477908,0.0008157838,0.001473425],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982223,0.000026820415,0.0005218782,0.00052517926,0.00018829423,0.0005155396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850696,0.00048081478,0.00006463442,0.00045245973,0.0002524512,0.0002426863],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005884135,0.00041190578,0.00045337406,0.00019180773,0.00045474494,0.00015774883,0.00021350941,0.00031441427,0.000011116201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045479013,0.00042065172,0.00009905514,0.00024902142,0.00019771708,0.00030923894,0.00010796597,0.0003419322,0.000013596146],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016372225,0.000036094083,0.00023283264,0.0002321797,0.00014617291,0.0000013982688,0.00050376175,0.000036271267,0.92890435,0.030863753,0.01110242,0.027924398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012533786,0.00004524307,0.00019639745,0.000023689921,0.0002252826,0.00005501461,0.00018132254,0.027870612,0.21639884,0.014338627,0.73867637,0.0007352122],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014720738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005099263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.727574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002763703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038095633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977547643","doi":"10.1002/aic.690480803","title":"CFD modeling and simulation of clogging in packed beds with nonaqueous media","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Clogging; Packed bed; Filtration (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Porous medium; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Porosity; Petroleum engineering; Chromatography; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0275373791779411,"score_gpt":0.2365150718299656,"score_spread":0.20897769265202448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977547643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98063767,0.0011025717,0.01750667,0.000054659246,0.000058081714,0.000045537905,7.8487216e-7,0.000033162065,0.0005608476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981864,0.00023902582,0.0014583361,0.000013843354,0.000075180404,7.949119e-7,4.1074767e-7,0.000017513017,0.000008483532],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935776,0.0000174395,0.00025803418,0.00006314796,0.00016443933,0.00013919146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963117,0.0001484882,0.000047430192,0.00006233419,0.000067229914,0.00004337532],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016247887,0.000089204164,0.00016031392,0.00013293287,0.000042733453,0.000018843093,0.000038505743,0.000041826057,0.000025398234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050740888,0.0000745046,0.000017159977,0.00012738895,0.000019846771,0.00020278739,0.000012993958,0.00019573644,0.0000024522794],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006670241,0.0000072472053,0.0075882333,0.000015084985,0.00002636721,0.00000945116,0.0026856854,0.9871988,0.00016566052,0.000011680405,0.000013627712,0.0022714394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060073315,0.000016704182,0.0040974,0.000063371706,0.000018032055,0.000026079364,0.00029795073,0.9944567,0.000043765995,0.0002588343,0.000032890715,0.00008755402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031699517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002080765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017548727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003664727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003897444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30382094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977551222","doi":"10.1615/jpormedia.v8.i2.70","title":"Flow through a Tube with an Annual Porous Medium Layer","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Materials science; Laminar flow reactor; Momentum (technical analysis); Flow coefficient; Boundary layer; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Drop (telecommunication); Dispersion (optics); Porosity; Open-channel flow; Physics; Optics; Composite material","score_opus":0.017373097797502617,"score_gpt":0.25520123214020013,"score_spread":0.2378281343426975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977551222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867969,0.002451318,0.004992834,0.001142608,0.0013296837,0.00012480994,0.000029842518,0.0001963775,0.0029355986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9680441,0.0001726433,0.02873111,0.00028108482,0.0026138534,0.0000021841286,0.000003837134,0.00006178497,0.00008937507],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983166,0.000035112975,0.0005554068,0.00012096276,0.0006503468,0.00032159357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989306,0.00015103997,0.00017411803,0.00020455613,0.00035622515,0.00018351275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003161708,0.00022400924,0.00041108817,0.00011320635,0.00005809472,0.00003270807,0.0002167146,0.000104231134,0.00012531539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009499356,0.00016312112,0.000063746054,0.00017225264,0.0000608175,0.0011172307,0.0000243651,0.0003954075,0.00004740329],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044556297,0.00042027375,0.00645957,0.00010705353,0.0011680591,0.0012843875,0.0845315,0.8053845,0.0012474337,0.00019061295,0.05505586,0.043705143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.029961025,0.005452086,0.17167684,0.0010667158,0.0023518838,0.01284474,0.03814928,0.11665063,0.015957309,0.002793104,0.59782016,0.005276189],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000055705173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014359865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6887339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011432862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007346734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6651886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977712632","doi":"10.1140/epjst/e2009-01018-6","title":"A Lattice-Boltzmann study of active boundary layer flow control","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal Special Topics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Electrode; Boundary layer; Plasma; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Flow velocity; Physics","score_opus":0.020499373282799365,"score_gpt":0.26356731613563256,"score_spread":0.2430679428528332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977712632","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70299596,0.00009097661,0.0002923695,0.00043338593,0.0007730018,0.00032447447,0.000008884784,0.00010495869,0.29497603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95851207,0.000015346934,0.00005262685,0.000099972385,0.0410964,6.506634e-7,4.4442294e-7,0.00002690659,0.00019559402],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986872,0.00027894633,0.00032703957,0.000111950365,0.0003666033,0.00022827768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993592,0.00011222768,0.00010198077,0.00023035714,0.00011844449,0.00007781588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025277006,0.00017987347,0.00031157362,0.000042156786,0.00023209471,0.00008117797,0.0003096803,0.000017339982,0.00001846948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043845805,0.00012216202,0.00012808904,0.00015213234,0.00005898634,0.00017460376,0.00003243071,0.0004818324,0.00006806942],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015334766,0.0007933516,0.00012893854,0.000009314722,0.00048055916,0.00012336634,0.019537803,0.051732976,0.000838233,0.00049652724,0.004607681,0.9210979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015451245,0.0033320503,0.66286814,0.00015055576,0.0012393467,0.0001098737,0.0080359075,0.023467075,0.0012601232,0.032686044,0.24978456,0.0016150926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.3710734e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000288818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9194828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052301428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010596803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49816227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977895008","doi":"10.1063/1.4913183","title":"An adaptive extended finite element method for the analysis of agglomeration of colloidal particles in a flowing fluid","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Mechanics; Suspension (topology); Materials science; Polygon mesh; Particle (ecology); Fluid dynamics; Discrete element method; Shear flow; Nanoparticle; Complex fluid; Shear (geology); Flow (mathematics); Nanotechnology; Physics; Composite material; Geometry; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.06432846008668183,"score_gpt":0.321000933600512,"score_spread":0.25667247351383016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977895008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.58796525,0.00012833103,0.41117418,0.000082141116,0.00003564952,0.0003860032,0.000017366709,0.000042598127,0.00016847535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983511,0.000013902032,0.016319444,0.00001570511,0.000016061078,0.000104179504,0.0000044177987,0.000009802743,0.0000054915713],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991019,0.00001257564,0.00038257075,0.00014377659,0.00020556175,0.00015364609],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893826,0.0002509899,0.00007110192,0.000085723696,0.00061357004,0.000040375795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006981364,0.000107998494,0.00030329567,0.00019073483,0.000032798554,0.000027716887,0.0001231246,0.000037761485,0.000006261486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022065692,0.00008643753,0.00006172321,0.0006592268,0.000034627246,0.0002754755,0.00002410984,0.000050822444,4.6443554e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040516807,0.00017512152,0.05290071,0.00017404764,0.0023218996,4.284515e-7,0.06876359,0.60541457,0.23680092,0.015443635,0.00013445313,0.017465414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045305144,0.00012180543,0.016838111,0.000020447318,0.00036906457,7.927763e-8,0.007969016,0.95458573,0.018828815,0.000685724,0.00003740152,0.00009073125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052063704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009904166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39554575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049178234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035138994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35248202},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977898038","doi":"10.1140/epjst/e2009-01013-y","title":"Metastable contact angles and self-propelled drop movement on chemically heterogeneous surfaces by a mean-field lattice Boltzmann model","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal Special Topics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Contact angle; Metastability; Surface tension; Mean field theory; Drop (telecommunication); Surface energy; Mechanics; Physics; Lattice (music); Materials science; Classical mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.014162070966398205,"score_gpt":0.23256111303494983,"score_spread":0.21839904206855162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977898038","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80223393,0.0005762561,0.00049068354,0.0011439956,0.000239948,0.00027029656,0.000012971855,0.0002217776,0.19481012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889087,0.00043320522,0.00042152626,0.0009258621,0.008698758,9.818345e-7,0.0000021614055,0.00004681643,0.00056200987],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873847,0.00012244888,0.00029855885,0.00017937818,0.00035253444,0.0003086381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994046,0.00011247355,0.00008074649,0.00020550836,0.000066438326,0.0001302513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025263237,0.00025102645,0.00030031538,0.000025572284,0.00023465659,0.00018044095,0.00026253852,0.00002753997,0.000011244057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029765815,0.00016999508,0.000105244224,0.00008273153,0.000026955166,0.00014995504,0.00007160819,0.0004096494,0.000039538438],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049241335,0.0018064007,0.00007669268,0.00009381899,0.0017386433,0.00030631162,0.014713046,0.44737017,0.09611886,0.0066350936,0.0792957,0.35135287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0071088993,0.0028439786,0.0025242995,0.00024198805,0.0010668484,0.00011366581,0.0006883427,0.61484295,0.08479536,0.04520183,0.23771769,0.0028541235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013332331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014652551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34849873,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006654454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074201644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6932198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978347992","doi":"10.2495/dne-v5-n4-335-353","title":"Investigation of Pulsatile flow in the Upper Human Airways","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pulsatile flow; Mechanics; Vortex; Secondary flow; Vorticity; Particle image velocimetry; Flow (mathematics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Geometry; Turbulence; Mathematics; Medicine","score_opus":0.013904201919816225,"score_gpt":0.25436173630030484,"score_spread":0.2404575343804886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978347992","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947793,0.00023902896,0.0032322968,0.00039070073,0.0007697011,0.00006834652,0.000009916282,0.000007647984,0.0005031014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99606407,0.00006228398,0.0035926376,0.00011088344,0.00014268637,0.0000017506743,0.0000062818353,0.000008954466,0.000010430769],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923426,0.000032395015,0.00031505385,0.000048942486,0.00030156624,0.000067765955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994205,0.00019876494,0.00012752893,0.00006518388,0.00016780967,0.00002018112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048719245,0.00007374885,0.00011297138,0.00019799385,0.00003534959,0.000028430422,0.00024436257,0.0000834708,0.00003478683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006811917,0.000055266763,0.000041983873,0.000092849245,0.000037399004,0.00021014902,0.000022068656,0.00063373876,5.505465e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001983302,0.00014941294,0.14831126,0.000096851305,0.0008437521,0.00012274286,0.01766733,0.657164,0.120350406,0.032246154,0.0057248934,0.017124893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022372708,0.00022231274,0.32272717,0.00010848464,0.00009268666,0.00035322094,0.0012263638,0.6232641,0.003562667,0.040893484,0.004912214,0.0004000531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025960082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037819867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17441592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003057486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001675631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27533147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979187898","doi":"10.1103/physreve.79.056706","title":"Rupture of a ferrofluid droplet in external magnetic fields using a single-component lattice Boltzmann model for nonideal fluids","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Killam Trusts","keywords":"Ferrofluid; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Magnetic field; HPP model; Physics; Condensed matter physics; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.04462745589496231,"score_gpt":0.31145719753991125,"score_spread":0.26682974164494894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979187898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8395954,0.065182745,0.09275808,0.0004132687,0.00011086296,0.0010866666,0.000025070303,0.00012862314,0.0006992909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99094254,0.001161485,0.007222409,0.00046626304,0.00012422715,0.000027280032,0.0000044051453,0.000026308771,0.000025101177],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987878,0.000027758637,0.00045717956,0.00020728486,0.00023006197,0.00028989455],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994186,0.00013568827,0.000056797035,0.00024647612,0.00007900421,0.00006341671],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013267071,0.00022089372,0.00061086455,0.00005298271,0.000030075125,0.000013369902,0.0001507367,0.000046805828,0.000007430648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067140485,0.00020219893,0.00018922133,0.00019973375,0.000026253,0.00012667559,0.000032439897,0.00016241541,0.0000062620425],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120691235,0.0012550367,0.00026021144,0.009753843,0.00011864697,0.00002157841,0.0026906102,0.607352,0.31419322,0.011504879,0.0015268441,0.051202387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045489764,0.000111892194,0.0008861923,0.0015310576,0.00011889092,0.0000028807394,0.0000050498543,0.9908969,0.0005853003,0.0048154835,0.0003633752,0.00022807885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000061618716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037490024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38354486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007020477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015507561,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82454336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979722050","doi":"10.1088/1742-5468/2010/05/p05010","title":"Magnetically driven droplet break-up and vaporization: a lattice Boltzmann study","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Killam Trusts","keywords":"Vaporization; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Break-Up; Materials science; Physics; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.00894637328190278,"score_gpt":0.26685531077864905,"score_spread":0.25790893749674626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979722050","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.552227,0.0008222118,0.44480047,0.00008843343,0.0012484587,0.000354013,0.000019839585,0.00005063042,0.00038890648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890192,0.00011391427,0.010593315,0.0000529357,0.00014495576,0.00000849698,0.0000011829144,0.000023319411,0.000042636777],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884933,0.00010909528,0.0004792346,0.00013751248,0.0002458132,0.00017903915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989391,0.0005331832,0.00008770362,0.00012401992,0.00011695921,0.00019901797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007257192,0.00017253123,0.0003201659,0.00007465072,0.000106315485,0.00007223905,0.0000865603,0.00006501046,0.00017497918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025657116,0.0001412004,0.000026067946,0.000065866654,0.00006095252,0.00013690697,0.00007064562,0.0003031829,0.00000658036],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026243457,0.00025524443,0.00013390883,0.000051198174,0.00020538253,0.000081033635,0.0060920264,0.00019122186,0.02353238,0.9636105,0.000316012,0.0052687023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014056807,0.008567514,0.008929168,0.00021003447,0.0016594774,0.0011212995,0.024538197,0.14506379,0.01201955,0.7679601,0.013569041,0.002305059],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.377468e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001982907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43679222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017410492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012791619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5757986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979893063","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450820529","title":"Generalized Mathematical Modeling of Fluid‐Solid Non‐Catalytic Reactions Using Finite Volume Method: Multiple Reactions","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Finite volume method; Arrhenius equation; Thiele modulus; Chemical reaction; Volume (thermodynamics); Thermodynamics; Catalysis; Diffusion; Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Reaction rate; Materials science; Finite difference method; Mechanics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Physical chemistry; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Activation energy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.034810707755640546,"score_gpt":0.264260661861552,"score_spread":0.22944995410591146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979893063","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4450735,0.00026122556,0.5538386,0.00017003623,0.0002721173,0.000120718425,0.000013847337,0.00005107938,0.00019887109],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9580331,0.000004402048,0.041691978,0.0000105049785,0.00017725775,0.0000029220587,0.0000019392708,0.00005140177,0.000026495445],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861306,0.000011584545,0.00075009064,0.0000910507,0.00021053135,0.0003236663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989429,0.0002121026,0.000112367976,0.00022879538,0.00020177179,0.00030202843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003676753,0.00018644014,0.00038396844,0.00025160224,0.00009551305,0.000036957776,0.00021990314,0.000101740785,0.000032897977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062312756,0.00016249956,0.00017379127,0.0003082588,0.000047464422,0.00020396076,0.000017610864,0.00042255234,0.000010763813],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034396396,0.000005219957,0.000005230311,0.00007236538,0.00012615057,0.000007041315,0.00034515298,0.8961882,0.1029732,0.0002307063,0.000011503505,0.000031772004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004120471,0.000007780266,0.000005913865,0.0002117188,0.000110690424,0.0001438725,0.00003559313,0.9660613,0.032114364,0.000534297,0.00020664227,0.00015581344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007885627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000061675455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5129596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046818086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019047325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.662654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981053588","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2008-62155","title":"Computation of Rarefied Gaseous Flows in Micro to Nano Scale Channels With Slip to Transient Regimes Using General Second-Order Quadratic Elements","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Knudsen number; Quadratic equation; Boundary value problem; Solver; Computation; Slip (aerodynamics); Finite element method; Mechanics; Finite volume method; Computer science; Mathematics; Statistical physics; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Algorithm; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.04171020983104302,"score_gpt":0.2769260593150749,"score_spread":0.2352158494840319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981053588","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9625529,0.00032571045,0.03273877,0.00047089593,0.0013560809,0.0012627798,0.00025115043,0.00013519163,0.0009065015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881315,0.00020440109,0.009416269,0.0005099449,0.00027060823,0.00014441126,0.00008516362,0.000112637514,0.001125038],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99626553,0.00009499486,0.0012251849,0.0009110389,0.00068150595,0.00082174793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981408,0.00010764244,0.0002482181,0.0003283301,0.0008194778,0.00035550864],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030881414,0.00073289336,0.00092608284,0.0011745475,0.00021284734,0.00008393335,0.00046029937,0.00021679031,0.00013083112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005108276,0.00072995765,0.00012039786,0.00080139,0.00012644974,0.00039745396,0.00014035801,0.00027135984,0.000050968123],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010656179,0.0005028871,0.00037904878,0.00031688917,0.0005637138,0.00012052279,0.030564453,0.73350734,0.22837125,0.0002858195,0.0025098526,0.00181261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012819618,0.0031414267,0.0029447041,0.0036772247,0.00021640281,0.0006913143,0.008708296,0.62072873,0.33834252,0.0009254149,0.0032292563,0.004575095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012886584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031502283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1127786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022443791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015374961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995152},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981547933","doi":"10.1103/physreve.85.016709","title":"Optimizing the accuracy of lattice Monte Carlo algorithms for simulating diffusion","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Human Genome Research Institute","keywords":"Monte Carlo method; Algorithm; Diagonal; Lattice (music); Boundary value problem; Statistical physics; Hybrid Monte Carlo; Mathematics; Computer science; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.054316476554303314,"score_gpt":0.3493133243269198,"score_spread":0.2949968477726165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981547933","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57155126,0.37526852,0.042085662,0.00093537685,0.0010873841,0.0040094946,0.000056982903,0.00059229496,0.004413042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935151,0.0027431967,0.0031389387,0.00014247718,0.00034534058,0.00006614288,0.0000018921063,0.00003016449,0.000016753984],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991757,0.000031816984,0.00027843536,0.000093053735,0.00017476449,0.000246195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978043,0.0017297403,0.00009154336,0.00023804116,0.00008658287,0.000049781775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024604873,0.00014240271,0.00035465532,0.000012736269,0.00008502022,0.000009460831,0.00012582455,0.000016700707,0.000005129487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006029559,0.000091776295,0.00016687502,0.00014787656,0.000027147715,0.00022521448,0.000068472196,0.000101726604,0.000013821959],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001797342,0.00041465304,0.0014985316,0.01641917,0.00061694137,7.238584e-7,0.010862935,0.5496194,0.0050033233,0.0074085463,0.0019005768,0.4062372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029063088,0.000017867826,0.0009337385,0.0010110583,0.00027208857,4.6511863e-7,0.00008577002,0.9725457,0.00048069283,0.00021390505,0.023935728,0.00021237049],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000037766424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.123502e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42292628,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024951854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037559905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37425286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982105807","doi":"10.1115/ajk2011-19002","title":"Direct Simulation of Dense Suspensions of Non-Spherical Particles","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference: Volume 1, Symposia – Parts A, B, C, and D","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Drag; Volume fraction; Immersed boundary method; Newtonian fluid; Physics; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Finite volume method; Sedimentation; Boundary (topology); Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.031362968155044885,"score_gpt":0.2261662456775358,"score_spread":0.1948032775224909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982105807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90768623,0.0014924557,0.08308458,0.000042372852,0.00060896634,0.00058200595,0.000037605998,0.0005091987,0.005956585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943827,0.0003365204,0.0048253085,0.0000127976555,0.00008510389,0.000037720136,0.000011281033,0.000085661726,0.00022293198],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99754626,0.000049656795,0.0010224133,0.00042931052,0.00039471374,0.0005576306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843854,0.00022300241,0.00015833296,0.0005427043,0.00037328168,0.00026414753],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031778248,0.00048991805,0.0009037929,0.00021112133,0.00010258501,0.0000423819,0.00018953624,0.00022152357,0.00040424347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000094782874,0.00048599258,0.00017894187,0.00023735684,0.00020293504,0.00036866308,0.00013694492,0.00022390998,0.000059798902],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001950904,0.0004440487,0.05139157,0.0012174353,0.001168687,0.000046875124,0.014519195,0.6620054,0.25520915,0.0069115376,0.002402935,0.0044880565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008931203,0.00024354892,0.079989135,0.00026286845,0.00025085657,0.000008710961,0.0002673114,0.8867535,0.029456161,0.000115343406,0.0010827709,0.000676657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010289659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020305166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22575296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048989757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005223899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997592},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982702854","doi":"10.1115/1.4007670","title":"Modeling and Simulations of Laminar Mixed Convection in a Vertical Pipe Conveying Slurries of a Microencapsulated Phase-Change Material in Distilled Water","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Slurry; Distilled water; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Materials science; Finite volume method; Heat flux; Convection; Combined forced and natural convection; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer; Natural convection; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.03328220421152499,"score_gpt":0.2675921464148575,"score_spread":0.2343099422033325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982702854","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919235,0.00039653518,0.0072257337,0.00004317818,0.00023748033,0.00014401607,0.00001414748,0.000009227047,0.0000061666774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997623,0.000056437577,0.00010075959,0.0000051357147,0.000052566662,0.0000026335256,0.0000036106348,0.000016075886,4.6410514e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998886,0.000051473387,0.000686942,0.00005564319,0.00013058995,0.00018935313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973494,0.00007095545,0.000007802029,0.00005010449,0.00009120996,0.000044982688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002441028,0.0001103313,0.0003791764,0.00024138193,0.000018594486,0.000007779086,0.000033534237,0.000070386144,0.000026498225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019964391,0.0000871892,0.000047239308,0.00010331581,0.00004360243,0.000376203,0.000007759305,0.00012345433,3.2492784e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005780242,0.00021991297,0.019062294,0.0003237378,0.0000875293,0.000007660187,0.01591739,0.20405827,0.75957364,0.000043468903,0.0000012641455,0.0001268237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0063695083,0.00016231928,0.014906422,0.00035303863,0.00012856514,0.000032555603,0.00070115866,0.70258504,0.27450553,0.00005520996,0.000016839207,0.00018382809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033165295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037389094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49852678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042201267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006285653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35554722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983256963","doi":"10.1115/1.4002169","title":"Parallel Flow Through Ordered Fibers: An Analytical Approach","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Porosity; Materials science; Microstructure; Pressure drop; Poisson distribution; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mechanics; Hexagonal crystal system; Porous medium; Flow (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Mathematics; Composite material; Physics; Crystallography; Statistics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.023449363261217795,"score_gpt":0.25997102708946435,"score_spread":0.23652166382824655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983256963","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36025125,0.0005641168,0.63416106,0.00007619289,0.0014137262,0.000111920854,0.0000044841095,0.00029380052,0.0031234743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7275922,0.00004340375,0.27155584,0.000020145446,0.00069064816,0.0000025051897,0.0000023734954,0.000056034438,0.00003687852],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987151,0.000010205951,0.00053085596,0.00012061547,0.00032590583,0.00029730768],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993043,0.00008395484,0.000051269133,0.00024665162,0.00015645582,0.0001573631],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026996734,0.00022112737,0.0003693958,0.00015323785,0.000043990483,0.00006829172,0.00024032923,0.00012815656,0.000053447933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012140611,0.00019767032,0.00013635714,0.00023702343,0.000027423363,0.00070728274,0.000028796274,0.00064150663,0.000012690781],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009700408,0.00003514785,0.00017559955,0.00006157725,0.00014344131,0.000017659313,0.0006367345,0.98742616,0.009121317,0.0009002452,0.00082675595,0.00064565026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006217218,0.000053004445,0.0015382523,0.000021158858,0.000065416185,0.00012803398,0.00010459399,0.98988533,0.00040375462,0.00007948097,0.006849869,0.0002494098],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011211802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.541861e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36734095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045716755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020131745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80607617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983578182","doi":"10.1021/la0472854","title":"Surface-Ascension of Discrete Liquid Drops via Experimental Reactive Wetting and Lattice Boltzmann Simulation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Surface (topology); Contact angle; Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.015050568368161014,"score_gpt":0.2749914451041321,"score_spread":0.2599408767359711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983578182","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942426,0.00086781353,0.0019097461,0.00010385662,0.00007570002,0.00014829003,0.00000811425,0.00020362769,0.0024402328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997993,0.000009708252,0.001724012,0.00003294722,0.000121569516,0.0000029746825,0.0000093723065,0.000035459274,0.00007097627],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992099,0.000025826797,0.00024668066,0.00016676809,0.00017196055,0.00017885912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995709,0.00013317807,0.00006348529,0.0001356937,0.000054304688,0.00004243284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098926466,0.00015445048,0.00021015073,0.00004808348,0.00008221746,0.000014262427,0.000049717455,0.000067971014,0.000025616084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019568794,0.00014837348,0.00003800648,0.000102906124,0.00004417065,0.00029449194,0.00005881736,0.00009544936,0.000026097066],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020965429,0.00007775337,0.0051597725,0.00018450158,0.0002149245,0.000007499778,0.017344333,0.6595468,0.3138108,0.00040867963,0.00027212215,0.0027631763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000845655,0.0000854498,0.016924946,0.00006191291,0.000050678584,0.0000046221107,0.00093814987,0.8466543,0.13039292,0.000031237087,0.0036608486,0.00034926436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000142771505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005851496,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18710752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050137853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030692454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6050495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983852805","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2012.06.025","title":"Immersed boundary finite elements for 3D flow simulations in twin-screw extruders","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Boundary (topology); Finite element method; Geometry; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.028206254836862496,"score_gpt":0.2736623477137515,"score_spread":0.24545609287688896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983852805","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16133085,0.0013402763,0.83239424,0.00020820725,0.0027276492,0.0007151794,0.00004183622,0.00038970806,0.0008520838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9191734,0.000020314726,0.07994456,0.00031738225,0.0003135235,0.000036129826,0.000060433023,0.000052357485,0.00008189344],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987271,0.000025143841,0.0003971039,0.00017950239,0.00016744646,0.0005037139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991731,0.00040177116,0.000028627244,0.00024167329,0.000054254004,0.00010058042],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018063592,0.00021565077,0.00024501656,0.00019485476,0.00015481337,0.000048666265,0.00014205737,0.000071864364,0.000036797857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004615289,0.00024042865,0.00008173209,0.00025889286,0.000041633004,0.0004023748,0.000068807865,0.00010810055,0.00004667838],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001890228,0.000069719594,0.02311936,0.00009931555,0.00017138114,0.00000177083,0.0031198207,0.9416949,0.0006301125,0.00015695611,0.008927494,0.021990234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010567062,0.000019842464,0.014665211,0.000043738575,0.000029562323,5.747112e-7,0.000074841635,0.9251411,0.000092194,0.00010762554,0.058485076,0.00028350632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024602882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008049786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75784254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018020003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015610149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98043954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983962636","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/81/66005","title":"A bottom-up approach to non-ideal fluids in the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Europhysics Letters (EPL)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Pseudopotential; van der Waals force; Physics; Hard spheres; Representation (politics); Classical mechanics; Complex fluid; Thermodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Molecule","score_opus":0.025300643660870887,"score_gpt":0.25267186737912417,"score_spread":0.22737122371825327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983962636","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7256033,0.00012849817,0.24834198,0.0021335806,0.001560685,0.0008598664,0.00001590826,0.00048250405,0.0208737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9583341,0.000017603363,0.0310301,0.008804356,0.0013606425,0.00009089463,0.000012212693,0.00012238351,0.00022772097],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980104,0.00016833986,0.00037043134,0.0004005397,0.0005365313,0.0005137748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886715,0.00031806485,0.00003988622,0.0006338044,0.00005791287,0.00008318135],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032762447,0.00034017343,0.0003599633,0.00014865395,0.00019353695,0.000061111125,0.00049097417,0.000059325146,0.0000030670851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046340916,0.0002882355,0.000119694,0.00086405117,0.00006887841,0.00023292183,0.000111783556,0.000551419,0.0003405466],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006910665,0.00028325827,0.001671506,0.00024881586,0.00033135078,0.00022349034,0.05861822,0.5579322,0.09883392,0.0029758941,0.27647442,0.0023378434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0076445187,0.00035069243,0.16977379,0.00020771728,0.00048738843,0.00024187955,0.0030468428,0.53786504,0.011003883,0.001077119,0.26270533,0.005595833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036679878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013175403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2327308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074342825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011802175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984094122","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2014-21814","title":"Prediction of Cell Growth Over a Circular Strand of a Scaffold Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shear stress; Bioreactor; Cell growth; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Materials science; Growth rate; Scaffold; Biological system; Biophysics; Chemistry; Biomedical engineering; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics; Biology; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.028160649501793197,"score_gpt":0.25792443602715726,"score_spread":0.22976378652536406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984094122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5369058,0.0001903197,0.4500328,0.000016874357,0.00012858196,0.0001874213,0.0000138966825,0.00010551273,0.012418769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98599964,0.000013721964,0.013821395,0.000022389217,0.000054635653,0.0000029200924,0.000001425497,0.000023417517,0.000060472823],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910927,0.00006685167,0.00032579986,0.00011793986,0.00024121528,0.0001389437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992536,0.0002829703,0.00007567033,0.00023966559,0.0001203511,0.000027786575],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044099556,0.000121048775,0.00023054786,0.0000715292,0.000045496356,0.000010052909,0.000101900034,0.000059757844,0.000031859185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040449166,0.00008847703,0.00008263597,0.00020215884,0.00004067392,0.00013775798,0.000031816406,0.00007012124,0.000002124156],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033761193,0.00011600879,0.016490255,0.0015854823,0.00061403384,9.1372345e-7,0.0040662256,0.52099466,0.44614962,0.008573538,0.00073564815,0.00063983357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008160286,0.000034167268,0.016569756,0.000040531122,0.00023806008,0.0000022089075,0.0002285721,0.8989364,0.08181089,0.00061293266,0.00057803275,0.00013242122],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052361596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037302898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4490938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002021903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007653496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36079884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984104639","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2012-72127","title":"Analysis of Fluid Flow in Porous Media Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method: Inertial Flow Regime","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ballard Power Systems","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Inertial frame of reference; Porous medium; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Statistical physics; Porosity; Classical mechanics; Turbulence; Composite material","score_opus":0.03740363250501961,"score_gpt":0.3003783114994956,"score_spread":0.262974678994476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984104639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8420644,0.00197523,0.14798604,0.00017533312,0.0007302877,0.000283981,0.000026639287,0.00028092595,0.0064771725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9433042,0.00003546157,0.056265775,0.000084715975,0.0001990346,0.0000072045164,0.000011588104,0.000033284006,0.00005872788],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846375,0.00012506988,0.0005235187,0.00016127038,0.0003317815,0.00039461252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985897,0.0007494775,0.00006496361,0.00043071838,0.000092116665,0.00007304032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008983758,0.00020657662,0.0005088292,0.00045727295,0.00005625356,0.000018784209,0.00018659164,0.00009867347,0.0001780043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021211496,0.00014830887,0.00014546914,0.0016432714,0.00004978051,0.00032899383,0.00009139064,0.00015911595,0.000015908956],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011650222,0.000030136054,0.014432069,0.000022698452,0.000940996,0.0000017459628,0.0050033038,0.97464436,0.0019610673,0.00022590815,0.0002045752,0.0025215077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025679456,0.000003925023,0.03299026,0.00000910272,0.0009203822,0.0000019632787,0.0005433604,0.96300155,0.001422553,0.000019666484,0.00064277084,0.0001876453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025580463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003767944,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10123982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008378123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012107729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.604786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984428910","doi":"10.1002/fld.2353","title":"Resolution sensitivity of momentum‐exchange and immersed boundary methods for solid–fluid interaction in the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Geomechanica (Canada)","funders":"University of Minnesota","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Drag; Reynolds number; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Physics; Settling; Taylor–Couette flow; Classical mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0512915737943842,"score_gpt":0.4565066651415329,"score_spread":0.40521509134714867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984428910","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014434458,0.00044513878,0.9793806,0.0010583213,0.0038750896,0.0004726307,0.000029204952,0.00003017714,0.0002744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09944451,0.00014712474,0.8996058,0.00019062909,0.000428713,0.00010352281,0.000009821224,0.00003795705,0.00003193295],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972217,0.001117011,0.000818056,0.00024546622,0.00029284979,0.00030488608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914854,0.0077078394,0.00017892601,0.00016923835,0.0003918266,0.00006676204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010251293,0.00021994968,0.00043747888,0.00043200207,0.00011747014,0.0001069394,0.00025931926,0.00014847104,0.000018378701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029918714,0.000181693,0.00018149192,0.00026535115,0.000092924005,0.00042893292,0.00008131498,0.00065661623,7.563645e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006677131,0.00021472579,0.00070579466,0.00014524665,0.00043261037,0.000012838222,0.00441872,0.012063519,0.358279,0.0041334727,0.00079162314,0.61813474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017448545,0.00013604296,0.0056947377,0.00007186315,0.000078030556,0.00021202472,0.0008475985,0.9061754,0.014701865,0.01374249,0.056324076,0.00027105713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039403993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023628209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8941118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017104257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030264167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7409225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984514628","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2012-73060","title":"A Pore-Network Model for Capillary-Driven Flows Inside Porous Media","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Porous medium; Wetting; Capillary number; Saturation (graph theory); Materials science; Mechanics; Displacement (psychology); Flow (mathematics); Pressure gradient; Viscous fingering; Porosity; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03411236019104346,"score_gpt":0.2492124779393886,"score_spread":0.21510011774834514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984514628","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37223333,0.00527779,0.5799165,0.00024737878,0.0021904632,0.001088004,0.000045748857,0.0021834949,0.03681732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9583577,0.000057739886,0.040230107,0.0001774483,0.0006503053,0.000052963092,0.000025546364,0.000053723576,0.00039449704],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990627,0.0000067857763,0.0002277673,0.00010976908,0.00014050654,0.00045248144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994298,0.0001805302,0.000021958846,0.0001951113,0.000060099424,0.0001125076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000124312,0.00016236311,0.00021124694,0.00004030713,0.000074891315,0.0000147492,0.00008206095,0.0000794615,0.000036908867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043139138,0.00014344543,0.000061076054,0.000092499475,0.000014992476,0.0002320887,0.000045301193,0.0000709898,0.000064254265],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040899404,0.000009761837,0.002034251,0.000025104313,0.000071729046,6.7079566e-7,0.0016322648,0.9701594,0.00005957553,0.0026894577,0.022762524,0.00055114867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033834876,0.000005107725,0.0012495548,0.0000072014823,0.00003624891,0.000002798302,0.00007522134,0.98968136,0.000069618865,0.00087522244,0.0074444134,0.00021492441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004523694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000847426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58612436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050760158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009550998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58495355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984525894","doi":"10.1002/fld.2222","title":"A finite element immersed boundary method for fluid flow around rigid objects","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Flow (mathematics); Discretization; Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Polygon mesh; Mathematics; Geometry; Domain (mathematical analysis); Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Finite volume method; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics; Structural engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03635260099413675,"score_gpt":0.4127602601168753,"score_spread":0.37640765912273855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984525894","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0015838613,0.00027859953,0.98477304,0.00062378205,0.011234882,0.00047613258,0.00008394747,0.00010536159,0.00084041787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02712864,0.000059040132,0.97031796,0.0004589326,0.001503315,0.00020722942,0.000025943189,0.00008284761,0.0002160899],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976295,0.00016343819,0.0009268966,0.00031220505,0.0004795819,0.0004883265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954778,0.003476465,0.00012353389,0.00020735298,0.0005430667,0.00017178417],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0024744724,0.00030883207,0.00046698644,0.0003893152,0.00019130013,0.00024697845,0.00053779746,0.00015919357,0.00014476289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021417136,0.00028825228,0.00036165712,0.00022847853,0.000059927526,0.00034917565,0.00008525125,0.00062826567,0.000012455648],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007509094,0.00027100623,0.00076596905,0.000102452024,0.0015871833,0.000039884922,0.0017317486,0.31049415,0.12436078,0.0043972866,0.007367701,0.5481309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018739217,0.00010573019,0.00027903236,0.000030689233,0.000047489335,0.00006133213,0.00015750687,0.78954625,0.0065595624,0.015351706,0.18568273,0.00030402324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007794991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008249958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5478269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000289491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008152525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984807236","doi":"10.1007/s10237-015-0666-0","title":"Computational modelling of the scaffold-free chondrocyte regeneration: a two-way coupling between the cell growth and local fluid flow and nutrient concentration","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shear stress; Mechanics; Bioreactor; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Coupling (piping); Cell growth; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.043522062543965276,"score_gpt":0.23215418303536345,"score_spread":0.18863212049139816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984807236","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4354319,0.0015040269,0.5626058,0.000120589146,0.00013170093,0.0001635332,0.000015263104,0.00001827566,0.000008931027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99456936,0.00040863396,0.004871671,0.000036113488,0.000065894885,0.000013124248,0.000018194718,0.000015349835,0.0000016336991],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991032,0.000039469185,0.00033849475,0.00021737847,0.00012740101,0.00017406359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995299,0.000104448045,0.000060430724,0.00014351594,0.00011122247,0.00005048746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039896928,0.00014966403,0.00022042867,0.000060778177,0.00012618421,0.000025270321,0.00010633132,0.000107976346,3.520162e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018768875,0.00010636369,0.000021566213,0.00014100292,0.00006353465,0.000066039116,0.00014110282,0.00010158001,2.1226124e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011605365,0.0000058691508,0.000047804668,0.000033767592,0.00001813782,2.3050107e-7,0.00054878934,0.98745406,0.0044597965,0.007165635,0.0000063083917,0.0002479726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009576533,0.000037652633,0.0000020963666,0.000028547936,0.00002727797,0.0000040185496,0.00023429315,0.9631043,0.010049094,0.025430657,0.000009920148,0.000114459406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029144818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010942096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55913746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034756587,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026942045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43373853},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985602952","doi":"10.1139/p03-054","title":"Unsteady flow of a dusty conducting non-Newtonian fluid through a pipe","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Non-Newtonian fluid; Compressibility; Magnetic field; Two-phase flow; Fluid dynamics; Classical mechanics; Particle (ecology); Incompressible flow; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0414654892719391,"score_gpt":0.24559926755221473,"score_spread":0.20413377828027562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985602952","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91069454,0.0019893933,0.053102583,0.00018186941,0.0022943222,0.00023737973,0.000059655435,0.000038652295,0.03140159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99491596,0.000013793891,0.0047087083,0.000052071526,0.0002182496,6.849301e-7,8.878306e-7,0.0000307536,0.000058869216],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991052,0.000024846546,0.00038599188,0.00007033868,0.00014733209,0.00026629295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991716,0.0000617343,0.00013565514,0.0001491136,0.00026968683,0.00021218779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015032913,0.00013690346,0.0003162638,0.00007064712,0.00008332074,0.000023287168,0.00011880375,0.00005159624,0.000036679834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009557424,0.00013599877,0.00010512297,0.000263304,0.00006816548,0.00030948324,0.0000043164177,0.00021868556,0.000010573888],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010305882,0.0000462243,0.012164154,0.00039314805,0.0011047781,0.00020611235,0.027925555,0.9034084,0.02534038,0.006011656,0.015711313,0.007677987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012751613,0.000951981,0.014547868,0.002657897,0.0016101528,0.0008466308,0.027112667,0.16394743,0.47234973,0.031558286,0.26724672,0.00441903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029909535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092655426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73946095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014428567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003848423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5545868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988065563","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2004.08.158","title":"On the validity of the Cassie equation via a mean-field free-energy lattice Boltzmann approach","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Physics; HPP model; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03326290108675482,"score_gpt":0.25866744526839025,"score_spread":0.2254045441816354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988065563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8968022,0.0002553609,0.0954634,0.0010717799,0.0005180746,0.000089052686,0.0000017205849,0.000012273035,0.0057861693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991525,0.000037698825,0.0005482343,0.00014402445,0.000046266832,0.0000012954965,1.9741973e-8,0.0000056063823,0.00006435345],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891454,0.00003322721,0.0003001067,0.00008898492,0.00052544364,0.0001377046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904597,0.0002784513,0.00018404728,0.00021976502,0.00022718683,0.00004456324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008425468,0.00009376794,0.00014887794,0.00007811454,0.00019748534,0.00006238805,0.00047494314,0.0000311562,0.0000058944674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046167077,0.000049144714,0.000058014797,0.00041529242,0.00022481944,0.0003554332,0.00010179585,0.0001851085,9.693218e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076061464,0.00014861721,0.0005542029,0.000064347754,0.00010845422,8.397865e-7,0.006816602,0.7237209,0.22696687,0.03846192,0.0021353478,0.00094581314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015415506,0.0007568404,0.0070830984,0.00036935214,0.000106895095,0.00009534924,0.0022656268,0.1451197,0.81116164,0.029694103,0.0014693172,0.00033653376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015215321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012187172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5841948,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087962566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006564515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20040633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988117251","doi":"10.1103/physreve.79.026701","title":"Boundary slip from the immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann models","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Physics; Boundary value problem; Boundary layer thickness; Work (physics); Statistical physics; Shear flow; Boundary (topology); Kinetic energy; Slip (aerodynamics); Flow velocity; Immersed boundary method; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Boltzmann constant; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03170147322676162,"score_gpt":0.29656229525305605,"score_spread":0.26486082202629446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988117251","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19254947,0.6831836,0.00862693,0.016700815,0.0011342329,0.0022430383,0.00016649737,0.0018193068,0.09357611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771918,0.014852338,0.00032545932,0.0067101666,0.00071448094,0.000032963664,0.000034207365,0.000042865344,0.00009574106],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986138,0.00007156314,0.00033719945,0.00026709956,0.00037551977,0.00033481617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987797,0.00042643817,0.000057482386,0.0005717955,0.00007192474,0.000092639944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017119409,0.00028198675,0.00051503937,0.000015803784,0.00020843919,0.00008862326,0.00032066304,0.00003304098,0.000050955066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079007164,0.00019555805,0.00023291272,0.0002707714,0.00008648599,0.00038844207,0.00005548948,0.00031631588,0.0005520679],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008381298,0.00088426744,0.00025378697,0.0027459308,0.0017069613,0.00006281425,0.0071811965,0.049429026,0.006070344,0.078321405,0.34548852,0.5077719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088362413,0.00008531607,0.015474571,0.0021092044,0.00083060935,0.000003991896,0.00010580188,0.21052311,0.00022902993,0.16537385,0.6032521,0.0011287935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012135334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002645027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78464234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000610672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026301108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7974626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989234808","doi":"10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30529","title":"Immersed Boundary Method for Generalised Finite Volume and Finite Difference Navier-Stokes Solvers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Finite volume method; Navier–Stokes equations; Solver; Robustness (evolution); Mathematics; Polygon mesh; Vector field; Grid; Immersed boundary method; Cartesian coordinate system; Boundary value problem; Finite difference method; Compressibility; Mathematical analysis; Applied mathematics; Regular grid; Boundary (topology); Mathematical optimization; Geometry; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.019819028683438846,"score_gpt":0.2732460665919037,"score_spread":0.2534270379084649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989234808","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22407785,0.0003340042,0.7683724,0.00049810176,0.0011482202,0.00052056444,0.00009556361,0.00053896743,0.004414308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8049689,0.000057614856,0.18973029,0.00044725742,0.00018291168,0.00008115491,0.00003235192,0.00005959558,0.004439928],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990897,0.000017766295,0.0002385021,0.00023346643,0.00012618469,0.00029436007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890023,0.00065714825,0.000034086872,0.00023022486,0.00008276845,0.000095509226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018884291,0.00021196569,0.00025924479,0.00008126004,0.000182122,0.00009449827,0.000107787506,0.00010510214,0.00014493255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001349156,0.0001910961,0.00007328259,0.000099441095,0.0000795828,0.00016647943,0.000049621427,0.00018378349,0.00002393093],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028613978,0.00018453888,0.042375214,0.0013891893,0.0018806718,0.000022080749,0.013901948,0.20365772,0.49617636,0.01206442,0.039492153,0.18856958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010973705,0.000029871278,0.011781324,0.00000947154,0.000065071225,0.0000016852159,0.00015886348,0.90248,0.0022644824,0.00081359956,0.08090732,0.0003909471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026068274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008297027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69882226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015856313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015932275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7792673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989794908","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.92.139402","title":"Li and Kwok Reply:","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Physics","score_opus":0.01810124994268147,"score_gpt":0.2792012895406433,"score_spread":0.26110003959796185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989794908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8748535,0.07455132,0.004573798,0.040944632,0.00026185342,0.00067788915,0.000005757869,0.0008287106,0.0033025504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96520764,0.0066496255,0.0002458951,0.027698407,0.00015163294,0.000019668172,0.0000015478975,0.000020150403,0.000005414787],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954516,0.0000083338555,0.00011165314,0.00011270739,0.00009945344,0.00012268087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973667,0.0000500017,0.000014748319,0.0001459649,0.000010201919,0.00004242725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004353308,0.00009891085,0.0002039143,0.000012057016,0.000027341148,0.000010975018,0.000045032655,0.0000026887528,0.0000052709015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030122235,0.00008315171,0.000049337108,0.00009221223,0.000033905035,0.00009165854,0.000024013427,0.0000771737,0.0001265965],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019899824,0.00041405755,0.0030318503,0.032826357,0.001426905,0.00018094559,0.0058056796,0.523175,0.07203518,0.021956423,0.22924209,0.109885626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024600343,0.00009612464,0.029110543,0.007871807,0.0006875774,0.000030880143,0.00003856549,0.022483831,0.001935445,0.0058878427,0.9272869,0.0021104533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021743774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.762084e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6980448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027801041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019299573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33908284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989888383","doi":"10.1002/aic.13889","title":"Highly resolved simulations of solids suspension in a small mixing tank","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Impeller; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Baffle; Flow (mathematics); Dispersity; Agitator; Mixing (physics); Reynolds number; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.037091971285953644,"score_gpt":0.27151073361676736,"score_spread":0.2344187623308137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989888383","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99247706,0.0011177456,0.0043459698,0.00010262224,0.00036926765,0.00007073142,0.000002010852,0.000047618265,0.0014669461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966701,0.000059667524,0.002904668,0.0000295592,0.00025054903,9.4274964e-7,0.0000014484635,0.000023404715,0.000059655147],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990559,0.00004357783,0.00041522787,0.000056734618,0.00014284307,0.0002856771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939513,0.00022660941,0.000077578974,0.00012248359,0.00009529583,0.00008292674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038336118,0.0001083022,0.0001980483,0.00019372648,0.0000702107,0.000017862023,0.000081399725,0.000065833985,0.000050317252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013173804,0.00009995193,0.000055262302,0.00022863591,0.000020604519,0.0002848738,0.00003573356,0.0002692969,0.000015702833],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003114969,0.00010722326,0.17793763,0.00006320283,0.00014634266,0.000012850124,0.005844178,0.7570194,0.055139843,0.000768996,0.00096082536,0.001968366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047486494,0.0001099779,0.6687944,0.0006077461,0.00022003928,0.00014027185,0.0017134439,0.28024337,0.023567619,0.002875648,0.015986964,0.0009919078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007967751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005022623,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49085677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086423344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013414263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40759215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989971408","doi":"10.1002/2014wr015898","title":"Testing a simple model of gas bubble dynamics in porous media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"University of Leeds","keywords":"Bubble; Porous medium; Cellular automaton; Porosity; Scale (ratio); Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Methane; Mechanics; Meteorology; Geology; Computer science; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Ecology","score_opus":0.14885463483004052,"score_gpt":0.33847620160009906,"score_spread":0.18962156677005854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989971408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98384297,0.00016413859,0.00019407616,0.000074169155,0.000023514178,0.00015699666,0.000012038332,0.00010118316,0.015430934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986368,0.000005136121,0.0010057259,0.0000043481236,0.000046175308,0.00001991039,0.000012952413,0.000039943858,0.00022905505],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981945,0.000079504076,0.00030971676,0.00017323486,0.00069819833,0.00054481166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898416,0.00029877562,0.000014504452,0.0002676205,0.0003206355,0.000114307404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012583404,0.00011257646,0.00021741129,0.00035876007,0.000049111655,0.000037316167,0.0002496253,0.00007105677,0.00000860387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044517932,0.000087849025,0.0000209078,0.00041520724,0.00010926207,0.00011409741,0.00026505932,0.00030316995,0.000051428196],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025626468,0.000027420721,0.02302584,0.0000965179,0.000018391553,0.000015383992,0.017772058,0.9545571,0.002461275,0.00006901043,0.00034746126,0.0015838702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041709878,0.000028648139,0.00056221324,0.000026170852,0.0000026307914,0.0000016608426,0.001981076,0.99053717,0.0019243982,0.003770673,0.00063837366,0.00010986085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005022822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00049687404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.035980053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027988246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020143156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35823792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990050218","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2010.07.036","title":"The role of the kinetic parameter in the stability of two-relaxation-time advection–diffusion lattice Boltzmann schemes","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Péclet number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Advection; Mathematics; Statistical physics; Relaxation (psychology); Numerical diffusion; Stability (learning theory); Applied mathematics; Diffusion; Von Neumann stability analysis; Numerical stability; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mechanics; Numerical analysis; Computer science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008051743675497857,"score_gpt":0.22887556308343718,"score_spread":0.22082381940793933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990050218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92381614,0.0001694161,0.07170762,0.00031494038,0.0000837932,0.0015409084,0.000010559376,0.0000881907,0.0022684475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97739434,0.000009779554,0.022256177,0.000017877896,0.00003168809,0.00025474632,0.0000028678269,0.00001899045,0.000013519814],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893004,0.000043611468,0.0004531615,0.0001378959,0.00028515438,0.0001501221],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970571,0.0016435162,0.00021396937,0.0008986253,0.00016419192,0.000022643142],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037252015,0.00014450417,0.00018995791,0.000043708395,0.00020116476,0.000033672215,0.000505079,0.000045279146,0.0000074813747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007929842,0.00007462382,0.0000639659,0.0004840437,0.0002618652,0.000067583394,0.0000856816,0.0002439156,0.000011046998],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060252172,0.0026932447,0.05766855,0.0016256693,0.00090584654,6.0979016e-7,0.054033544,0.14286126,0.09194727,0.59665734,0.0008777194,0.050668668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008942956,0.00004298578,0.036724996,0.00012993875,0.00019636429,0.000012081257,0.0017375292,0.88494194,0.008897865,0.056340765,0.009733973,0.00034726708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009617871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000061650215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7420807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019804465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002093343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3043071},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990798195","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21906","title":"Pumping characterisation of the maxblend impeller for Newtonian and strongly non‐Newtonian fluids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Impeller; Non-Newtonian fluid; Shear thinning; Mechanics; Laminar flow; Newtonian fluid; Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Rheology; Finite element method; Generalized Newtonian fluid; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Shear rate","score_opus":0.008483339055347294,"score_gpt":0.18649246968734456,"score_spread":0.17800913063199728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1990798195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955845,0.000268942,0.0025983166,0.00093161536,0.00029904852,0.00020867058,0.0000081055105,0.000012042496,0.00008879911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99888086,0.0000051477364,0.0008463604,0.000028274853,0.00017425284,0.0000067721576,7.41894e-7,0.000028619459,0.00002896976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924296,0.000005675341,0.00033480255,0.000059323567,0.000115462484,0.00024178323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939555,0.000094425,0.00007842436,0.00013535349,0.000124361,0.0001719027],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001505418,0.00012707658,0.00019724418,0.00008033956,0.000066489236,0.000052939675,0.00019565845,0.00006134412,0.000021096068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009451465,0.000086666405,0.000081477214,0.0001077836,0.000055572345,0.00017867601,0.000016584627,0.00020472766,0.0000014628421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007015467,0.000004030839,0.001983707,0.0002566958,0.00026307095,0.0000015728092,0.0022944584,0.12724483,0.86439526,0.00024066863,0.0008961871,0.0024125208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010810578,0.000039631315,0.042040672,0.00039427998,0.0001375412,0.000075706645,0.00020009017,0.7889403,0.16165432,0.00021326837,0.0048202127,0.0004028819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023265631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006213195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7027409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012033439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007445686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35341534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993217142","doi":"10.1017/s0022112010006403","title":"Drag and lift forces on random assemblies of wall-attached spheres in low-Reynolds-number shear flow","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; SPHERES; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Lift (data mining); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Drag coefficient; Physics; Drag equation; Classical mechanics; Lift-to-drag ratio; Shear flow; Materials science; Turbulence; Drag divergence Mach number","score_opus":0.022074745301557914,"score_gpt":0.24690266532051217,"score_spread":0.22482792001895424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993217142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.990187,0.0010200136,0.0071604676,0.000042221556,0.00038475482,0.00012779303,0.000003345702,0.000030354147,0.0010440394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957132,0.00047611387,0.0036320644,0.00004376546,0.000071584414,0.000002014156,3.703378e-7,0.000030892035,0.000030047966],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987496,0.000042368094,0.0006290706,0.00009471612,0.00029603258,0.000188206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992919,0.00019540326,0.00015680565,0.00013811629,0.00014687517,0.00007091268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003548029,0.00017147478,0.00047883508,0.00014747374,0.000028134173,0.000019155392,0.00013027657,0.00010241626,0.00009968503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013819193,0.00014108352,0.0001026792,0.00014807704,0.000016898408,0.00027236977,0.00003572159,0.0002150872,0.000008795756],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006438855,0.0014538884,0.04048172,0.002992502,0.0040225056,0.000520583,0.04902565,0.71050704,0.12962635,0.020760098,0.011986233,0.022184564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017055018,0.0010182905,0.0128919,0.0017330529,0.00039666152,0.00013431428,0.00502939,0.8076011,0.14132611,0.010148454,0.0016429947,0.0010227188],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001093465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003941693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09709405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004571855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019898762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5753219},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993608666","doi":"10.1007/s00466-003-0540-2","title":"Numerical simulation of interfacial coupling phenomena in two-phase flow through porous media","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Porous medium; Eulerian path; Coupling (piping); Computation; Computer simulation; Capillary action; Two-phase flow; Boundary value problem; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Materials science; Lagrangian; Porosity; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics; Algorithm","score_opus":0.03216907082151305,"score_gpt":0.31448005056446743,"score_spread":0.2823109797429544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993608666","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15510434,0.00015787175,0.8439264,0.000027255397,0.00037520597,0.00014062421,0.000017755654,0.00011872605,0.00013178073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768317,0.0000049042246,0.022900866,0.000034304117,0.00014239915,0.000006938239,0.00005082028,0.000027364702,7.325463e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893165,0.000009797798,0.00044417387,0.00015891944,0.00028942435,0.00016605145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938196,0.00029488996,0.000067203226,0.00008944486,0.00013210172,0.00003438394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010708802,0.00014570059,0.0002392964,0.00010007709,0.00003880387,0.000012996376,0.00009002223,0.000043077685,0.000020761583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008784399,0.00016310177,0.000040308798,0.000296282,0.000015598122,0.00019702845,0.00003225507,0.00012444769,0.000023165243],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024111036,0.00007475215,0.000015637654,0.000026744961,0.000027695518,0.0000040948876,0.0019593283,0.988031,0.00009315462,0.00801637,0.0000026446264,0.0017244248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022288663,0.000031209383,0.000078092846,0.00003722339,0.000010732232,0.0000013746533,0.00011489345,0.94410324,0.00021814574,0.053004503,0.000028699971,0.00014299147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008711796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008452234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82172734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017957148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003548608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6651097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994341418","doi":"10.3390/e16010418","title":"Quantifying Compressibility and Slip in Multiparticle Collision (MPC) Flow Through a Local Constriction","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Compressibility; Mechanics; Slip (aerodynamics); Compressible flow; Mach number; Reynolds number; Ideal gas; Cylinder; Boundary value problem; Physics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Turbulence; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03045735865765274,"score_gpt":0.2727299543291461,"score_spread":0.24227259567149334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994341418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8057474,0.00021511805,0.19326344,0.00003708352,0.00017051227,0.00012544857,0.0000023524974,0.00013776249,0.0003009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99514306,0.000028485598,0.004734833,0.000025474299,0.000041023453,0.000008657947,0.0000021673166,0.000011560157,0.0000047431377],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992888,0.00005159855,0.00021256118,0.00015901717,0.00011413748,0.00017389192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999574,0.00020972017,0.000021394417,0.00013339653,0.000026332205,0.000035164943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014704755,0.00009833853,0.00016143332,0.00003327365,0.000066055385,0.00002751432,0.000035754703,0.00004608282,0.000011929819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007914835,0.000092774164,0.000019913878,0.00013122696,0.00006483295,0.00018653675,0.00003395108,0.00009661918,0.000026801414],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041238665,0.000057373985,0.16711749,0.00008207681,0.000025127836,0.0000029337198,0.0018756458,0.8144612,0.00568305,0.002237855,0.00028189935,0.00813416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00097640033,0.000015552221,0.073736265,0.000024162106,0.0000074012396,0.0000011563119,0.00019482708,0.9198887,0.0037558237,0.00024697537,0.0010540158,0.00009877232],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044797856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053410433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18939567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005983337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000325802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37832206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995243016","doi":"10.1142/s0129183114500272","title":"Numerical simulation of Neumann boundary condition in the thermal lattice Boltzmann model","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Extrapolation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boundary value problem; Neumann boundary condition; Interpolation (computer graphics); Mathematics; Bilinear interpolation; Boundary (topology); Finite difference; Boundary conditions in CFD; Mathematical analysis; Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Applied mathematics; Physics; Robin boundary condition; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.022188622738646448,"score_gpt":0.2900792391991962,"score_spread":0.26789061646054974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995243016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5509801,0.00009824579,0.44628537,0.00019860141,0.0003086638,0.000061178696,0.000007355641,0.000017257242,0.0020432498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99884003,0.000010585502,0.0005637917,0.00015612574,0.00039142123,0.0000021758879,0.0000076070105,0.000019106377,0.000009147763],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998634,0.00006192092,0.00049127697,0.0000756802,0.00062660757,0.00011050973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988774,0.00035761844,0.00023795894,0.00011638421,0.00038717053,0.000023459592],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033588108,0.000116078285,0.00019634247,0.00009100501,0.000031154017,0.000042798958,0.0003410566,0.000040921856,0.0000053970475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006120202,0.00009218257,0.00010744786,0.00008329196,0.000046293684,0.00047252333,0.00002439617,0.0002288531,0.0000053226345],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003578328,0.000068223286,0.00068946497,0.000011345631,0.000091794886,0.0000026241573,0.0016523269,0.9848411,0.0009018516,0.0019665093,0.00006144645,0.0096775405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005661193,0.000027471287,0.0059793023,0.000039201124,0.000022686754,0.000005089389,0.00003829584,0.9590202,0.00029322432,0.033751946,0.00017344649,0.00008304545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023274295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013146833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44785994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063671294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023074579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3759096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996078608","doi":"10.1007/s00707-013-0918-y","title":"A study of a flexible fiber model and its behavior in DNS of turbulent channel flow","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Mechanica","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Engineering Link (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Inertia; Open-channel flow; Classical mechanics; Physics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.03732009347499305,"score_gpt":0.26204730109386404,"score_spread":0.224727207618871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996078608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987153,0.0001821057,0.00011807727,0.000029982984,0.000036941252,0.0006204351,0.000005851571,0.000050797516,0.00024052484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991988,0.000021209968,0.00036229243,0.000006703286,0.0000074685913,0.00016844274,9.2897517e-7,0.000022059417,0.0002120754],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927443,0.000012969801,0.00028027262,0.00013545922,0.00014722033,0.0001496362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961734,0.000039924253,0.000042634543,0.00018948127,0.000073741336,0.000036890244],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000074434036,0.00011446424,0.0002460826,0.000103411454,0.000014946674,0.0000062180657,0.00008809179,0.000049800634,0.00007185414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015636915,0.00010807204,0.000024574585,0.00013017213,0.0000059511526,0.00015350712,0.000082361905,0.00007349218,0.000010892454],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009541301,0.003374583,0.0010046656,0.00067077455,0.0007261549,0.000025362951,0.054559432,0.8284854,0.10181331,0.00095108553,0.0017487479,0.00654502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012360951,0.00020822619,0.0060041863,0.000043635304,0.00008081835,0.0000022139168,0.0013931544,0.98422855,0.0063255755,0.0002552634,0.000016760803,0.00020553275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036837657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020718851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15574309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018345489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006166382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44070497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996528458","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2011.10.008","title":"Analysis of the pressure fluctuations from an LBM simulation of turbulent channel flow","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Compressibility; Turbulence; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Direct numerical simulation; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.028528375230068383,"score_gpt":0.246892158048225,"score_spread":0.21836378281815663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996528458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5965865,0.00035502514,0.40202165,0.000024457124,0.00038361948,0.00018264896,0.00006731305,0.000116577285,0.00026219265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971959,0.0000054476664,0.0026631358,0.00002391181,0.000049098217,0.0000039050033,0.000032173004,0.000014432405,0.000011977221],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992079,0.00003970672,0.00031238786,0.00014116919,0.00019529546,0.00010351414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991959,0.00011632585,0.000061898565,0.00044489026,0.00014808234,0.00003290394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070628405,0.00011784638,0.00026449843,0.00014749677,0.000054575463,0.000007899013,0.00022287593,0.000053964486,0.00005609121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014821242,0.000095600706,0.00014106391,0.0005100558,0.000049441518,0.0001406232,0.00006246693,0.000056732613,0.0000025296338],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000046529076,0.00002984514,0.0018417082,0.000014014106,0.0011143136,1.5580831e-7,0.0052146036,0.99039555,0.000466434,0.00006727207,0.00009010575,0.0007613772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000129899,0.000013232153,0.19520125,0.000012829285,0.0007208447,4.1755335e-8,0.000045952245,0.80270106,0.0008849488,0.00011064238,0.000104355524,0.00007495578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005828378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000149499765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4006094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015388783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006968729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38984838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996675476","doi":"10.1002/fld.1303","title":"A two‐phase flow interface capturing finite element method","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Finite element method; Interface (matter); Upwind scheme; Advection; Flow (mathematics); Applied mathematics; Petrov–Galerkin method; Phase (matter); Mesh generation; Two-phase flow; Galerkin method; Adaptive mesh refinement; Computer science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Algorithm; Mathematical analysis; Computational science; Geometry; Physics; Engineering; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.04190398047524185,"score_gpt":0.441748511496426,"score_spread":0.39984453102118417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996675476","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019643507,0.00072504045,0.99133635,0.0003878931,0.0036179898,0.00019664364,0.00003269521,0.00012281374,0.0016161993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10794683,0.000034577053,0.89067304,0.000117662305,0.00087092066,0.00005091534,0.0000095858295,0.000054572414,0.00024188748],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978481,0.00022005472,0.0008993147,0.0002364075,0.00042024968,0.00037589992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979374,0.0014459433,0.0001011411,0.00013864522,0.00028319735,0.00009369961],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014722846,0.0002529529,0.0003667267,0.0003532703,0.000085721746,0.00015110723,0.00041306973,0.00007150536,0.00014164973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051952736,0.00023702784,0.00021439217,0.00021347155,0.00002911734,0.00027433806,0.00010112909,0.00041004948,0.000015603175],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010479579,0.0001093049,0.0002603265,0.000013359833,0.0002090375,0.000028028351,0.00026035227,0.8428613,0.0082264105,0.0009156023,0.0012019209,0.14580959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030483825,0.00006994567,0.00024929192,0.000059413447,0.000033165907,0.000069644135,0.00011063945,0.92438275,0.0109464545,0.009582001,0.051165696,0.000282593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003090903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005491115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14552699,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004538819,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022072154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96657145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996893743","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2012.11.038","title":"Coupling MD particles to a lattice-Boltzmann fluid through the use of conservative forces","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Fluid dynamics; Physics; Coupling (piping); Statistical physics; Mechanics; HPP model; Autocorrelation; Classical mechanics; Langevin dynamics; Materials science; Mathematics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.09291027470329935,"score_gpt":0.30763180803684065,"score_spread":0.2147215333335413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996893743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.800071,0.0004778651,0.19869263,0.00030607317,0.00023761958,0.00010394948,0.000010524372,0.000020471089,0.00007985203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768807,0.000020793028,0.022464579,0.00024114043,0.00036376037,0.0000022700003,0.0000016541886,0.000017768538,0.0000073057927],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891853,0.000023961944,0.00046130863,0.00004704841,0.00038507217,0.00016410231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978356,0.0012559616,0.00021874107,0.00008215257,0.0005503806,0.000057158173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017392272,0.000113380585,0.0002320705,0.000030762454,0.00008155477,0.000034456352,0.0001081443,0.000021944195,0.0000041598196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000098099765,0.000082247534,0.00009578613,0.0002284575,0.00006546814,0.00083484966,0.00003544413,0.00011764303,0.000012367252],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022459246,0.00005271131,0.0023002967,0.000022630129,0.00021505327,5.4447537e-7,0.0043015443,0.98059464,0.00034018396,0.008072956,0.0037660236,0.00031097504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010127252,0.00017159911,0.04625651,0.00019031762,0.00024521814,0.000019781173,0.0012386047,0.8950275,0.005731019,0.035647176,0.014107511,0.00035199543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032212936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.108078e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17680973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037212336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028511377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33539572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997447345","doi":"10.1007/s10494-007-9113-3","title":"Mean Flow Structures Inside the Human Upper Airway","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Turbulence and Combustion","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Flow (mathematics); Reynolds number; Mechanics; Airflow; Data set; Mathematics; Mean flow; Freestream; Physics; Statistics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013696837681829565,"score_gpt":0.24244350684648583,"score_spread":0.22874666916465627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997447345","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862648,0.0011901034,0.009737421,0.00013697465,0.00042168557,0.00015865563,0.00000445314,0.00024777648,0.0018381218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985674,0.00006090834,0.0008489919,0.00015041289,0.00020695062,0.000004474019,0.000009524414,0.000016736014,0.00013459905],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992886,0.0000130370845,0.0001794178,0.00013955911,0.00017463056,0.00020475658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962914,0.00006819767,0.000023052284,0.00018580702,0.000050237864,0.00004359111],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019938557,0.0001396437,0.00011373905,0.00005638297,0.0002804572,0.00004790622,0.00009194106,0.000065716195,0.000042351272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001535942,0.000099187884,0.00003235838,0.000120813645,0.00006812443,0.0001623988,0.000036212743,0.00016611736,0.000021724036],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022323538,0.000020928816,0.0103275655,0.00010804417,0.00011301149,0.000011197295,0.0068602813,0.90378916,0.0015634956,0.005541028,0.0051455894,0.06649735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001060239,0.000089144414,0.38413227,0.00012101035,0.00012781625,0.000029568679,0.0016980093,0.58183235,0.007458635,0.009624567,0.013046222,0.00078020076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010668136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056920955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3738047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028638437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034214675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40447643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1997528127","doi":"10.1007/s11242-011-9866-y","title":"Modeling Filtration of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Fibrous Filters","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Filtration (mathematics); Fiber; Materials science; Mechanics; Drag; Porosity; Membrane; van der Waals force; Biophysics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Statistics; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.033750418135957264,"score_gpt":0.2218462784851368,"score_spread":0.18809586034917952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997528127","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945824,0.00016176669,0.0016184543,0.000005567137,0.00029791435,0.00017024654,0.000016903097,0.00011287841,0.003033872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824023,0.00009489879,0.0015368321,0.0000085651445,0.00002234504,0.000017619224,0.000033155284,0.00003176519,0.000014607293],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884105,0.0000106279485,0.00056142954,0.00015678155,0.0001885305,0.00024160804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996819,0.00006235582,0.000031758304,0.00015579579,0.000029298793,0.00003887999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014980749,0.00015675554,0.00028869705,0.00021032598,0.000011511584,0.000002114332,0.00010724859,0.00010501305,0.00007476204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000152013345,0.00016721275,0.00003325914,0.00025784498,0.000027450867,0.00019673309,0.0000043944406,0.00016081592,0.0000098761975],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004943127,0.00005469387,0.052205842,0.0001268628,0.000027444506,0.000060665112,0.029446758,0.9162517,0.0005320582,0.00011046881,0.000014092386,0.0011199802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028854718,0.0000756198,0.4131111,0.00027534438,0.00004655426,0.000011682436,0.0020908082,0.5665614,0.013321709,0.00086192426,0.000036761623,0.0007216219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026854264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019931577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36090526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004553966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001650029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6818738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998274515","doi":"10.1115/icmm2005-75171","title":"Droplet Movements and Continuous Flows in Rough and Hydrophobic Microchannels","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Slipping; Contact angle; Mechanics; Surface roughness; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Surface finish; Materials science; Rough surface; Microfluidics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007507774990104189,"score_gpt":0.21326768961912107,"score_spread":0.20575991462901688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998274515","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99380845,0.001134616,0.000301265,0.00009315561,0.000046735997,0.00012883199,0.00000271213,0.000103576545,0.004380631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977759,0.00017868515,0.0009980599,0.00017064312,0.000043169504,0.000008023232,0.0000013159812,0.000015804368,0.0008083851],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994924,0.000006024354,0.00015896364,0.00012414421,0.000060611044,0.00015786494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983925,0.000031487114,0.0000098856435,0.00007299314,0.000011799886,0.000034567092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053903823,0.0001057336,0.00014774723,0.000059402242,0.0000258093,0.000025244462,0.000028830522,0.00003557003,0.000035388483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000051235606,0.000099599,0.0000096457525,0.0000655648,0.000016008122,0.00014293565,0.000043782176,0.000054757395,0.000024013847],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008419033,0.00031963308,0.14608501,0.0006124764,0.0006575169,0.00009512257,0.02998792,0.48989934,0.2128347,0.0015492891,0.010639841,0.10723497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044892323,0.000060009967,0.06200854,0.00007278724,0.000027715272,0.000017555429,0.00089580234,0.8728828,0.011202489,0.0006159738,0.046898987,0.00082814496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000278559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015085573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38298342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025097055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014979315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40615293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998978682","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2008.01.002","title":"Implicit spectrally-accurate method for moving boundary problems using immersed boundary conditions concept","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Boundary (topology); Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary value problem; Mathematics; Algorithm; Context (archaeology); Grid; Boundary conditions in CFD; Fictitious domain method; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Free boundary problem; Robin boundary condition","score_opus":0.043889662394205387,"score_gpt":0.3264561673348172,"score_spread":0.2825665049406118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998978682","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12724423,0.00035559968,0.87138206,0.00009791087,0.00039728972,0.0002060441,0.00006984495,0.00005012316,0.00019687913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8300937,0.000013710776,0.16897121,0.00015760958,0.0006645247,0.000004760863,0.000032925873,0.00004433914,0.00001725118],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986583,0.00003670457,0.00062160543,0.00011284251,0.00034800163,0.00022256012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99836475,0.000536722,0.00032933612,0.00007738989,0.0006233189,0.000068468515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017020077,0.00018482559,0.0003687684,0.00009595012,0.0004047433,0.000072434224,0.00012132431,0.00004360023,0.0000129208665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028939248,0.00018803001,0.00021666456,0.00021231752,0.000104027626,0.000640432,0.00002168605,0.00021009703,0.0000036111267],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014572268,0.000035536596,0.00007723604,0.000042901498,0.00029928674,0.000008007251,0.00089738163,0.9921554,0.0029844786,0.0015461078,0.0015419015,0.0003972396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015337708,0.00008380689,0.0040564146,0.00006875471,0.000104132836,0.00023487389,0.0001451071,0.9211813,0.00072782167,0.06955756,0.0020293961,0.0002770123],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025182221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.9130148e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70284945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017059725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002401752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7667641},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999847221","doi":"10.1115/1.4003356","title":"Spectral Method for Analyzing Motions of Ellis Fluid Over Corrugated Boundaries","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spectral method; Fourier transform; Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Chebyshev polynomials; Open-channel flow; Planar; Domain (mathematical analysis); Mathematics; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Fictitious domain method; Frequency domain; Gravitational singularity; Fast Fourier transform; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Algorithm; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.02560342723964146,"score_gpt":0.2658069466877341,"score_spread":0.24020351944809262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999847221","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12091242,0.0014815266,0.8763121,0.000014570525,0.00080232264,0.00010365333,0.000015930545,0.000089690366,0.00026781484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7870817,0.000076643344,0.21255018,0.000004897878,0.00020183488,0.0000032627177,0.0000014930877,0.000048397935,0.00003155695],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877375,0.00001218035,0.0006953215,0.00008528772,0.00018894856,0.00024450655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992588,0.00013683633,0.00011596201,0.00014380456,0.00026174632,0.000082812425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038368232,0.00018252384,0.00042810716,0.00033541134,0.00006575145,0.00003856401,0.00015094237,0.00007022607,0.00004571471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016393737,0.00017477601,0.00022908536,0.00027219992,0.000033780256,0.00035045622,0.000020800904,0.00017559514,0.0000014896204],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003677306,0.00003769668,0.0011356501,0.0002858652,0.0006710768,0.0000097146985,0.002149627,0.82643133,0.16325164,0.0040222197,0.0013178936,0.0006505057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014865887,0.0002624987,0.017769953,0.0002415129,0.00048518312,0.00007004992,0.00020107579,0.8606154,0.11234085,0.000465321,0.005568608,0.0004929982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000785028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020769016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6661693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085029256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031373394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71271586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000802532","doi":"10.1016/j.crme.2011.11.004","title":"Control of the separated flow around an airfoil using a wavy leading edge inspired by humpback whale flippers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comptes Rendus Mécanique","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Airfoil; Leading edge; Reynolds number; Physics; Humpback whale; Vortex; Trailing edge; Context (archaeology); Wing; Vortex generator; Swept wing; Flow separation; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Stall (fluid mechanics); Geometry; Optics; Aerodynamics; Whale; Geology; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.050871536025718665,"score_gpt":0.2593752541985607,"score_spread":0.20850371817284205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000802532","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98561364,0.0010852227,0.007703076,0.000018663708,0.00044490298,0.00036909402,0.00006425263,0.00031506846,0.004386068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984049,0.000023536093,0.0011876891,0.00008368443,0.000074720425,0.000017106633,0.0000103939665,0.00006444954,0.00013352947],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986688,0.000116367635,0.0004287382,0.00024710322,0.00019135475,0.00034764723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999091,0.00009010792,0.00011660062,0.00046995364,0.00013815098,0.00009416669],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017279321,0.00027535847,0.00041646216,0.00007559168,0.00017352588,0.000035231686,0.0003220026,0.00013741033,0.00013515919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036933474,0.00023261084,0.00010456555,0.00029402607,0.00014466068,0.0002874545,0.000063985855,0.00024993482,0.000033093573],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014753143,0.00033654287,0.04016137,0.0003467073,0.0011894538,0.000015609578,0.012926305,0.486482,0.44126537,0.000715075,0.01386148,0.0025525528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011887575,0.0000734904,0.0036392526,0.00014490758,0.00012007859,0.00001077867,0.00043004035,0.9268572,0.06438073,0.00010792023,0.002557472,0.0004894031],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015041816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000621714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44037518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014493686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003816804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94855946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003648009","doi":"10.1115/ht2012-58347","title":"A Transient Modified Fourier-Based Approach for Thermal Transport Modelling in Sub-Continuum Regime","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Advanced Micro Devices","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Fourier transform; Heat flux; Thermal diffusivity; Boltzmann equation; Temperature jump; Mechanics; Thermal; Fourier analysis; Fourier series; Heat equation; Physics; Boundary value problem; Fourier number; Thermodynamics; Transient (computer programming); Heat transfer; Materials science; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.04624025507825035,"score_gpt":0.23426584193297295,"score_spread":0.1880255868547226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003648009","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3537444,0.00023829076,0.63938624,0.000028796703,0.00007273327,0.00041347172,0.0000073187043,0.00019950485,0.0059092264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9631663,0.0000044145045,0.03629987,0.000040684783,0.00009569694,0.00016726185,0.000025472817,0.000051828258,0.00014847878],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998883,0.0000126081995,0.00032429738,0.00016314839,0.00015451026,0.00046240247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996071,0.0000740658,0.000021441463,0.00018335317,0.0000356353,0.000078407524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030560486,0.0001918056,0.0002578549,0.00010643977,0.000042811564,0.000010075957,0.00008452018,0.00009219517,0.000008443301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000347597,0.00017463823,0.000113117065,0.00013714416,0.000021106598,0.0002226845,0.000003143689,0.00010639144,0.0000044070284],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044897035,0.00007272997,0.0007618898,0.00009109564,0.000033815853,3.907496e-7,0.0011685397,0.9962143,0.00083528896,0.0002990613,0.00008767513,0.00039033682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00127975,0.000010353616,0.0013922444,0.00001005435,0.0000329308,3.023769e-7,0.000085189306,0.9934034,0.0028243663,0.000021324886,0.000702554,0.00023756134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012589682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014304539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6094219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046882436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009989328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7121541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004883617","doi":"10.1103/physreve.69.032602","title":"Mean-field free-energy approach to the lattice Boltzmann method for liquid-vapor and solid-fluid interfaces","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Physics; Representation (politics); Fluidics; Energy (signal processing); Mean field theory; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Materials science; Condensed matter physics","score_opus":0.0331413438421585,"score_gpt":0.33649562179715203,"score_spread":0.30335427795499353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004883617","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.007084405,0.07473586,0.89556605,0.008440676,0.0002638996,0.0014686134,0.0000320521,0.00038403404,0.012024393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9461949,0.00770547,0.03635681,0.007904452,0.0008014317,0.0007690275,0.000010071991,0.000100396064,0.00015745715],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989389,0.000043252134,0.00028146186,0.0002744336,0.0001899827,0.00027193135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998803,0.0005379639,0.00004346463,0.00043486824,0.00008224143,0.000098447206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029706722,0.00023076321,0.00048023753,0.000026858514,0.00010480449,0.000039306677,0.00029490615,0.000032532844,0.000003121932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003681708,0.00015293136,0.00012180612,0.0002087253,0.000025910587,0.00014105365,0.0001352713,0.00012244782,0.000024402594],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022752058,0.00067539344,0.00000645727,0.013182187,0.0015726285,0.0000037677582,0.010853468,0.18139374,0.011285572,0.57251716,0.073625945,0.13465616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019407565,0.0008473362,0.000083704486,0.002591054,0.0011811977,0.000016500717,0.00046712742,0.13041598,0.039476823,0.027910467,0.79351753,0.0015515415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025730984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017810562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93911046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003508322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010153992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.623636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005516833","doi":"10.1007/s10409-005-0047-5","title":"Numerical prediction of fiber motion in a branching channel flow of fiber suspensions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Volume fraction; Materials science; Fiber; Branching (polymer chemistry); Channel (broadcasting); Flow (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); Optics; Geometry; Physics; Composite material; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Computer science","score_opus":0.021448393032604148,"score_gpt":0.24586752357943617,"score_spread":0.22441913054683202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005516833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9727689,0.00059474964,0.011046548,0.001392713,0.0008717457,0.000940415,0.00010255805,0.0006409519,0.011641425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99623734,0.000054640186,0.0034280436,0.000023890787,0.000098645745,0.000012326275,0.000013376921,0.00003617236,0.00009559108],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986443,0.000050961426,0.0006339521,0.0002044476,0.00024347329,0.00022286494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991705,0.0002578273,0.00010955535,0.00032435442,0.000084350984,0.000053419884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002559972,0.00015736249,0.00036438435,0.00014904712,0.000035693294,0.0000066398684,0.00012595687,0.00013283016,0.00036551015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001876328,0.00015978813,0.000100415135,0.00032323957,0.000022652706,0.0002765569,0.00006066275,0.0001966276,0.000047507496],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000107145286,0.00044909675,0.00022520067,0.00017589652,0.0002720102,0.000003416704,0.0027706316,0.92252874,0.037711997,0.0003550321,0.0035852678,0.031815577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013677824,0.00009864044,0.011832657,0.00022261326,0.000072312614,0.0000058397286,0.000093673574,0.9680225,0.01262563,0.00029964955,0.005100451,0.0002582364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000119927345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018388459,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045493785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006594622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014789719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6515971},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005742926","doi":"10.1016/j.mcm.2010.07.009","title":"Three dimensional fluid–structure interaction under pulsatile flow by using distributed Lagrange multiplier method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical and Computer Modelling","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"American Heart Association","keywords":"Parallelepiped; Lagrange multiplier; Mathematics; Fluid–structure interaction; Finite element method; Rectangle; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Mathematical analysis; Boundary value problem; Immersed boundary method; Navier–Stokes equations; Mechanics; Geometry; Boundary (topology); Mathematical optimization; Physics; Compressibility","score_opus":0.029160496862660975,"score_gpt":0.26040190653251694,"score_spread":0.23124140966985596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005742926","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29535723,0.000040565676,0.7041336,0.00002829428,0.00019502692,0.00008889137,0.000037633414,0.000100812635,0.000017896571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.64422745,9.782451e-7,0.35556656,0.000039504215,0.00009317769,0.000005069154,0.00003764477,0.000024530545,0.000005054062],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991634,0.000014787731,0.00024559748,0.0001998991,0.00018539558,0.00019093504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947613,0.0002380038,0.000030076222,0.00014532702,0.000039862352,0.000070591916],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010049322,0.00018159689,0.0002259727,0.00003722789,0.00016893262,0.00006712092,0.00007109975,0.000080323975,0.00018005728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032301875,0.00015294772,0.000046618647,0.00007450083,0.000027784068,0.00014779356,0.00009659585,0.0003021814,0.0000057629118],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047387243,0.000021627626,0.000013786028,0.00004494005,0.000051236493,8.9150916e-7,0.00019096998,0.9927019,0.0026743368,0.0012656483,0.00017559476,0.0028543358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022977057,0.000006360891,0.000016259715,0.00001728359,0.000031676063,0.000027260652,0.00001418744,0.9822997,0.00027260437,0.016590448,0.000313597,0.00018089362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005593887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036269666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34887025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024154066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032803896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62370265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006292031","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2012.02.007","title":"Two-phase flow in packed-bed microreactors: Experiments, model and simulations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Packed bed; Pressure drop; Capillary action; Microreactor; Porosity; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Pressure gradient; Capillary pressure; Particle size; Drop (telecommunication); Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Porous medium; Chromatography; Composite material; Geology","score_opus":0.024412044698357643,"score_gpt":0.2949458065651033,"score_spread":0.2705337618667456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006292031","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935447,0.00042253567,0.005396976,0.000010550721,0.00013090529,0.000090648995,0.000007022394,0.00020849636,0.00018815127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860436,0.0000045952283,0.013841137,0.000013698608,0.0000567389,0.000011048463,0.0000034590787,0.00002104441,0.0000047311883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990172,0.0000019987133,0.00018906308,0.00017583554,0.00018483578,0.00043109243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995417,0.00007607338,0.00001241024,0.00016786922,0.000028560702,0.00017339105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013522312,0.00015323199,0.00014561611,0.00014496391,0.000040564584,0.000037186837,0.00013029354,0.00004042679,0.0000057833086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013035927,0.00015643105,0.000018680244,0.00042596454,0.00011035529,0.0006007976,0.0000747516,0.00012741292,0.000005829305],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.174004e-7,0.000019914636,0.00038549086,0.000010544136,0.0000028555862,2.3461757e-7,0.00064972934,0.456434,0.54216915,0.00019420734,0.000008166347,0.00012474631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004417856,0.0000019364218,0.00031643693,0.000016194555,0.000003606873,0.0000014766774,0.000024038402,0.8328091,0.16616057,0.000021927583,0.000042867425,0.00016003434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013360318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.137263e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3763751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013621285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012352566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6379073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006609364","doi":"10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30872","title":"Numerical Simulation of Thermomagnetic Convection in an Enclosure Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thermomagnetic convection; Ferrofluid; Natural convection; Convection; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Forced convection; Mechanics; Combined forced and natural convection; Materials science; Rayleigh–Bénard convection; Magnetic field; Condensed matter physics; Physics","score_opus":0.029825213505513086,"score_gpt":0.32536777012256246,"score_spread":0.29554255661704937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006609364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.887178,0.000047787205,0.109113455,0.000029289116,0.00027571924,0.00021276952,0.0000011342894,0.0001337786,0.0030080478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893332,0.0000016543553,0.0104991775,0.000031063137,0.000078693745,0.000005676354,0.000001456868,0.000024096556,0.000024971634],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991573,0.00009040568,0.0002942762,0.00013565112,0.00016969106,0.00015269473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999111,0.0004606498,0.000047136353,0.00025385633,0.00009630321,0.000031041673],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036903474,0.00012254815,0.0001730853,0.000083477935,0.00005624323,0.000021287722,0.000105251085,0.00009028251,0.0001513503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007545585,0.00008931629,0.000037695816,0.00029900137,0.00004189739,0.0002394745,0.000018871182,0.00023386668,0.000006396786],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007597593,0.000021567623,0.0057999897,0.000019450856,0.000014985014,5.3094874e-7,0.00078563375,0.97020966,0.02002285,0.0010442224,0.000002661853,0.002070881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022910807,0.000024488987,0.03942346,0.0000050665267,0.00002442002,0.0000023058908,0.00021566363,0.956806,0.0024550238,0.0005644021,0.00014325869,0.00010677589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008161042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008314513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.102155186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002140805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000963061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36422125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006906934","doi":"10.1155/2014/454691","title":"Gas Bubbles Expansion and Physical Dependences in Aluminum Electrolysis Cell: From Micro- to Macroscales Using Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ISRN Materials Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Alcoa (Canada); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Buoyancy; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Compressibility; Bubble; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Multiphase flow; Physics; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.015350293092661954,"score_gpt":0.28685354347549846,"score_spread":0.2715032503828365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006906934","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883866,0.00009343981,0.0108017465,0.000058902322,0.00027328345,0.00015628907,0.000018255889,0.0001045308,0.00010700382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.951697,0.000018142906,0.048038367,0.00006599394,0.0001342236,0.000011009281,0.0000016960006,0.000021918531,0.000011629526],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824387,0.000102763726,0.00029164483,0.00048289538,0.0003617044,0.0005171462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992305,0.00028121093,0.00005444079,0.00025241345,0.00006435235,0.00011710811],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094360067,0.00021208814,0.00037414886,0.00019163007,0.00018757339,0.00027799365,0.0002967599,0.00004959191,0.000015393027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012336223,0.00019284301,0.000023737255,0.0004732921,0.0001662619,0.000481707,0.00019358701,0.0000696857,0.000037290407],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009808566,0.000013102724,0.0011941271,0.000023797584,0.0000043478312,0.000001553582,0.0012812266,0.010349953,0.9863681,0.000045272514,0.0000057546868,0.00070295046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019359488,0.000023908666,0.011465715,0.000045640438,0.000024900628,0.0000025168617,0.000271495,0.05385925,0.9327798,0.0010277197,0.000054456883,0.0002510091],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003362488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014681385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053588312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078752586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027209797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.786391},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007021951","doi":"10.1139/p08-085","title":"Numerical analysis of two-dimensional flow in an AC magneto-hydrodynamic micropump","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Laminar flow; Lorentz force; Micropump; Magnetohydrodynamic drive; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Magnetohydrodynamics; Magneto; Magnetic field; Transient (computer programming); Hartmann number; Control volume; Voltage; Materials science","score_opus":0.015140432491905638,"score_gpt":0.2327723812859525,"score_spread":0.21763194879404688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007021951","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980458,0.000276517,0.0012898433,0.0000253357,0.0001456562,0.00003132435,0.00002815335,0.000006846417,0.00015052792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99847496,0.0000052869223,0.0013323219,0.000040089613,0.00010339538,4.4178563e-7,0.00000936514,0.000018447958,0.000015667707],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911684,0.00002950639,0.0003895834,0.00008175841,0.00016852125,0.00021381494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929553,0.000048467533,0.000093619645,0.00014062076,0.00016854332,0.00025319876],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008388291,0.00011809992,0.00039600366,0.00040825157,0.000049624217,0.0000086933205,0.00013557222,0.000036338566,0.00005905084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015292091,0.00011969791,0.00014594736,0.0008278325,0.00007156697,0.0002021192,0.0000053773133,0.00018569638,0.0000054185653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032832963,0.000013196127,0.032756507,0.000006240206,0.00026423312,0.00008230964,0.0007084455,0.9644046,0.000827543,0.000032574615,0.0001234543,0.00077763514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047238293,0.000045148936,0.12094501,0.000018254768,0.00022995427,0.000020341551,0.000038913786,0.87747294,0.00031082734,0.00018815535,0.00009333887,0.00016476224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009972719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008230184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0881885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017630847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022049813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4881139},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008581229","doi":"10.1115/1.2742730","title":"A Mean-Field Pressure Formulation for Liquid-Vapor Flows","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Alberta; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Surface tension; Capillary wave; Laplace pressure; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Vapor pressure; Laplace transform; Capillary condensation; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mechanics; Chemistry; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010157144956015437,"score_gpt":0.2303371447534492,"score_spread":0.22017999979743377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008581229","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29196241,0.0039373515,0.7018515,0.00010290939,0.0010611437,0.00024211562,0.000008181567,0.00021280673,0.0006216195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98353857,0.000029808454,0.015326723,0.000014971933,0.00093676086,0.000008893585,0.00000228817,0.000047845195,0.00009412742],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892884,0.0000042607085,0.00054621726,0.00007542159,0.00022063215,0.00022463755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935526,0.00020443203,0.00007732074,0.000113290334,0.00019704645,0.00005264658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022352951,0.00016514183,0.00026853848,0.00019226271,0.000041211726,0.0000356889,0.00011292463,0.00009012255,0.000013148472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000992468,0.00015468382,0.00015653798,0.00013068733,0.0000024652834,0.00040525087,0.00001487479,0.00015388895,0.0000025610088],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039803308,0.000010685853,0.000070354065,0.00017119719,0.00009946575,0.0000032684006,0.00014045037,0.9442872,0.051152293,0.0014569841,0.0022246826,0.00034364412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010891528,0.00023260624,0.0009331583,0.00011767933,0.00015827174,0.00003306314,0.000026747339,0.90586305,0.033207927,0.00014338558,0.0579083,0.0002866813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002478309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029396526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6915762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056048375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011940442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6307823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009489372","doi":"10.1140/epjst/e2009-01031-9","title":"A note on equilibrium boundary conditions in lattice Boltzmann fluid dynamic simulations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal Special Topics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Statistical physics; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Physics; Homogeneous; Simplicity; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Turbulence","score_opus":0.016640586117235245,"score_gpt":0.28202910537425496,"score_spread":0.26538851925701973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009489372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.563246,0.00010286589,0.00030251546,0.0030353968,0.0011274669,0.00025767638,0.000035287627,0.0002253756,0.43166742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768336,0.0000219009,0.000077746685,0.0003483354,0.022281058,5.943577e-7,0.000007539508,0.000035451714,0.00039380896],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987286,0.00019445737,0.00033876018,0.00013908691,0.0002933694,0.00030574077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993352,0.00020723669,0.000059244427,0.0002498353,0.00005896031,0.00008946929],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019246427,0.00019567428,0.00021593529,0.000092899005,0.00027421204,0.00015387038,0.00027938513,0.000026919042,0.000028820428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000075674645,0.00015259798,0.00011986029,0.00026903203,0.00008082216,0.00024087442,0.000045045766,0.00062138814,0.00026766874],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005379466,0.0003393885,0.000060981183,0.000013006608,0.00008272393,0.00020481342,0.0042100023,0.8324063,0.0036273713,0.0057546054,0.006634039,0.14661302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033512015,0.0005561029,0.28112602,0.0002667573,0.00020632368,0.00009306174,0.00028832472,0.2640957,0.00036604764,0.14005439,0.3082586,0.0013374698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.7191674e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068076106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56831056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015610778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001711575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6222765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011098670","doi":"10.1103/physreve.70.056701","title":"Apparent slip over a solid-liquid interface with a no-slip boundary condition","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Slip (aerodynamics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; No-slip condition; Materials science; Slip line field; Slip ratio; Kinetic energy; Contact angle; Physics; Thermodynamics; Classical mechanics; Composite material; Boundary layer; Boundary layer thickness; Shear stress","score_opus":0.015525490548512337,"score_gpt":0.3181432501725533,"score_spread":0.30261775962404097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011098670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91649854,0.044110864,0.01919786,0.0007182346,0.00045911042,0.0015381032,0.000046821417,0.0010083799,0.01642206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969545,0.0020826715,0.00016171738,0.00040322964,0.00022070517,0.0000874767,0.000014621534,0.00003659013,0.000038507336],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990884,0.00001756394,0.00022282984,0.00019664777,0.00024875885,0.00022576928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949676,0.000053648782,0.00004887934,0.00024036187,0.00008260179,0.000077764395],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059416718,0.0002117989,0.0004091177,0.000022229866,0.000058558817,0.000028753077,0.00009718448,0.00001940887,0.00007218061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039495313,0.00016125718,0.00009837471,0.00017189502,0.00006398118,0.00020992619,0.000044702396,0.00016202097,0.0007350224],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00071750756,0.0029272146,0.00025473337,0.048913103,0.0038440826,0.0001534874,0.00821762,0.74587846,0.05324418,0.028678976,0.06940566,0.037764985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008232878,0.002564632,0.0053347438,0.03974819,0.0018769938,0.00005905831,0.00013438902,0.037451904,0.023899093,0.009213088,0.867176,0.0043090293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000052247246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036355152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7977703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001286074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023230092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9447471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011990371","doi":"10.2118/102794-ms","title":"Interfacial Instability in Reactive Miscible Flow Displacements","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Viscous fingering; Instability; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Viscosity; Displacement (psychology); Porous medium; Viscous liquid; Hele-Shaw flow; Fluid dynamics; Momentum (technical analysis); Physics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Open-channel flow; Porosity","score_opus":0.01832826435634695,"score_gpt":0.26211618856765734,"score_spread":0.2437879242113104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011990371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750101,0.000054058877,0.004742683,0.00015402402,0.00006521724,0.0001985631,0.000054559558,0.00019880485,0.01952197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994246,0.000023984732,0.00037591945,0.000017302296,0.000050697112,0.000019727624,0.000031164735,0.000008429754,0.000048179605],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925566,0.00001853197,0.00023503747,0.00019246964,0.00012125949,0.00017702498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973816,0.000037463695,0.000020117264,0.00011002915,0.00006366654,0.000030552168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012070411,0.000119941935,0.00016574045,0.000070080954,0.000041834974,0.00003152926,0.000049459253,0.00007360366,0.000047303056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029734761,0.00011535886,0.000023257298,0.00013634149,0.00008224009,0.00033386736,0.00005082148,0.00016066935,0.000021147018],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018938411,0.0026285716,0.37844414,0.0014664991,0.00023520157,0.00015569935,0.009899723,0.073601015,0.27465358,0.10219776,0.046656772,0.108167194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034462968,0.0003078515,0.85060775,0.00038434882,0.000052265907,0.00001225522,0.002058298,0.05066806,0.018642286,0.06367055,0.008929336,0.0012207172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009600357,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00067930133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47216362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007587547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000932081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4704198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012214672","doi":"10.1039/c4sm01812e","title":"Modeling the behavior of confined colloidal particles under shear flow","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soft Matter","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Western University","funders":"Western Canada Research Grid; Compute Canada","keywords":"Volume fraction; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Phase diagram; Colloid; Colloidal particle; Complex fluid; Shear (geology); Materials science; Particle (ecology); Shear flow; Atomic packing factor; Chemical physics; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Chemistry; Physics; Geology; Composite material; Crystallography; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.0210469689811964,"score_gpt":0.24072557298404126,"score_spread":0.21967860400284486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012214672","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93557495,0.000059216913,0.062342547,0.00045491263,0.00015418565,0.00016202843,0.0000049188943,0.000114800394,0.0011324653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986852,0.0000011774122,0.0006915096,0.00035182855,0.00005580031,0.000037477443,0.0000013611882,0.000022691534,0.00015295586],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994611,0.000018245906,0.00017917936,0.000078929144,0.000119815806,0.00014273779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965096,0.00008500456,0.000014331769,0.00018308003,0.000044047803,0.000022573717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010741718,0.00008620487,0.00012326198,0.000021105861,0.000050853243,0.000019502751,0.00007922683,0.000031932366,0.00018079094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011452278,0.000062082356,0.00004024145,0.00005372348,0.000040276766,0.00005524633,0.000028656807,0.00006273846,0.00020806967],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003958972,0.000011842985,0.005693957,0.000027780014,0.000034860877,2.1281006e-7,0.00042153825,0.98521674,0.006183766,0.00019865435,0.00142447,0.00078224915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002677779,0.000007252622,0.008339734,0.000010407376,0.00004690083,9.924391e-7,0.00014338964,0.9871221,0.0028454154,0.00039474003,0.0007164243,0.00010486565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010454618,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008112593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06311027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011014941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035908386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2674384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012752767","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2011.01.030","title":"A dual-scale lattice gas automata model for gas–solid two-phase flow in bubbling fluidized beds","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice gas automaton; Mathematics; HPP model; Lattice (music); Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Scale (ratio); Dual (grammatical number); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Cellular automaton; Materials science; Physics; Algorithm; Geometry","score_opus":0.042838106848513684,"score_gpt":0.29721247449254884,"score_spread":0.25437436764403515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012752767","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03910938,0.00007768586,0.95707995,0.000070714355,0.000047333942,0.0015733975,0.000048749993,0.0006708806,0.0013219316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.26650918,0.000023465986,0.73191196,0.000049556627,0.000060253104,0.0012922887,0.00003573936,0.00008423509,0.000033337474],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985055,0.000011569641,0.00058051443,0.00031702875,0.00020053146,0.00038487025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986244,0.000305742,0.00011243306,0.0006758153,0.00016067212,0.0001209556],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023687893,0.00029613797,0.00043395712,0.00020194428,0.00015095399,0.00005359347,0.0002809212,0.00007056705,0.0000070144442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015546506,0.0002833918,0.000074978365,0.00041207997,0.00006912279,0.00019976372,0.00008743159,0.00013772747,0.00004315705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068260684,0.0013920914,0.00006400276,0.0013112212,0.0003590992,0.00000594192,0.028767645,0.9310558,0.0016048637,0.022633566,0.0014994169,0.011238098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026972152,0.000032550728,0.000012584987,0.00010355949,0.00010537442,0.000011017112,0.00018241192,0.9829923,0.00057531754,0.0127386395,0.00023144705,0.00031759168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031183167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002402703,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22739981,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008392857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003507546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015526542","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2003.10.006","title":"Modeling a turbulent fibre suspension flowing in a planar contraction: The one-dimensional headbox","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Mechanics; Péclet number; Turbulence; Materials science; Reynolds number; Duct (anatomy); Optics; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.02928969697082169,"score_gpt":0.2796428048209944,"score_spread":0.25035310785017273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015526542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96570045,0.0011977245,0.029238943,0.0015056412,0.0018976221,0.00015018616,0.000008110166,0.000040051233,0.00026127644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927556,0.00007079161,0.0065639075,0.00023297744,0.00033201583,0.000003530183,0.0000044637823,0.00002225049,0.000014472767],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830985,0.000069765985,0.0006444325,0.00011300113,0.0006824284,0.00018054969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903584,0.00029530798,0.000052822306,0.00010698523,0.0004430912,0.00006595055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051050785,0.00015593637,0.00022786143,0.00022831855,0.000068511596,0.0000600194,0.00019994978,0.000062035084,0.000068054775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024388022,0.00012028079,0.000133321,0.00010457801,0.00002202321,0.00038408712,0.000015820595,0.00037179864,0.000017313096],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011426232,0.00008038027,0.00021901762,0.000004876553,0.00020432874,0.00018548631,0.00049033144,0.9929353,0.0044916156,0.00010230865,0.00033737457,0.0008347218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025611129,0.00002665036,0.00032972274,0.00021106146,0.000025377321,0.00037208863,0.00021435691,0.99174654,0.001851767,0.00022047001,0.0023016562,0.0001391697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014423431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041677133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027055144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024188681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049504986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49049082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015630498","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2011.08.027","title":"Numerical evaluation of two recoloring operators for an immiscible two-phase flow lattice Boltzmann model","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Lattice (music); Statistical physics; Algorithm; Computer science; Physics; Mathematics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.16445116516254765,"score_gpt":0.3503383506491181,"score_spread":0.18588718548657046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015630498","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18571629,0.000048613838,0.798291,0.0000037891411,0.00006417743,0.00088809145,0.000008929459,0.00022574948,0.0147533165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.66796684,0.000003618541,0.33157805,0.000011581454,0.000052824118,0.00030471705,0.000008422616,0.00006524531,0.000008687354],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99798745,0.000028846915,0.00071954966,0.00035646916,0.00050251157,0.000405187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987993,0.00024315125,0.00009131482,0.00042462416,0.00029440323,0.00014715354],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012358611,0.0002882885,0.0005015741,0.00011405511,0.00013118309,0.00003125458,0.00020902583,0.000093397306,0.00005518983],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005199253,0.0002776929,0.00009853336,0.00018999091,0.000049674305,0.00030952983,0.000040897594,0.00015619613,0.0000376566],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004330715,0.00019943889,0.0000018610358,0.00018694848,0.000080357284,1.7876428e-7,0.0025394363,0.93602866,0.0012392306,0.057723068,0.000011544502,0.0019459723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019271271,0.000041470284,5.12556e-7,0.00003352876,0.00024366583,7.766056e-7,0.00017583906,0.8228452,0.007292212,0.16717705,0.000004216797,0.0002583686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004790153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018472891,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48225054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009134607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003829332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016024714","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2007.09.060","title":"Motion of a spherical particle in a cylindrical channel using arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Classical mechanics; Physics; Eulerian path; Magnetosphere particle motion; Channel (broadcasting); Motion (physics); Finite element method; Kinematics; Open-channel flow; Stokes flow; Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field; Flow (mathematics); Cross section (physics); Lagrangian; Engineering; Mathematical physics; Geology","score_opus":0.026666215146885868,"score_gpt":0.31978008796557533,"score_spread":0.29311387281868945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016024714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7961114,0.00038755566,0.20295401,0.000040637773,0.00016265766,0.00004141557,4.1292392e-7,0.000006471832,0.00029545932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771301,0.000018663906,0.022786262,0.000016663895,0.000036018875,1.6703494e-7,1.0563509e-8,0.00000512144,0.000006949103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900955,0.000021826474,0.00043176525,0.00008229344,0.00026494116,0.00018959695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950844,0.000106925596,0.000107297725,0.00005711642,0.00013164933,0.000088566325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014530596,0.00007137524,0.00021587477,0.00014055138,0.000039333296,0.000025533598,0.00011374871,0.00003097463,0.000005920989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014976962,0.000058969385,0.000037627782,0.0006704233,0.00013843138,0.0004463231,0.000035775713,0.00013813589,5.810328e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007016079,0.00005360974,0.0031194275,0.000026256263,0.000016153816,0.000003888852,0.002399574,0.09627417,0.8962337,0.00009539727,0.000008705079,0.0016989711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071781286,0.0001695328,0.048456512,0.00013285853,0.000019690964,0.0000856617,0.0017362749,0.527419,0.4207439,0.00031391723,0.00007627716,0.00012859081],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000061495016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066184466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47548977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007569196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033748755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24047017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017555069","doi":"10.1063/1.3005966","title":"Asymptotic flow profiles for incompressible flows with a periodic pressure gradient","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Duct (anatomy); Pressure gradient; Compressibility; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Incompressible flow; Stress (linguistics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Geology; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.01593289199171083,"score_gpt":0.21885881025876897,"score_spread":0.20292591826705814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017555069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9321161,0.0006983119,0.06269237,0.000021258971,0.0003119323,0.0006506495,0.00002707149,0.0001251265,0.0033571925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9795794,0.00003518574,0.019751532,0.000021242528,0.00049444713,0.00003200294,0.000002984934,0.000043493557,0.00003975144],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999117,0.0000053065664,0.00030034073,0.00009635945,0.00028291874,0.00019803076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939436,0.0000775105,0.00014414969,0.00014094997,0.00017241576,0.000070634596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006750221,0.00017345477,0.0003419279,0.000049188093,0.00013873218,0.000024294815,0.00013015463,0.000040183273,0.0000058697683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004382765,0.00013027317,0.00009031351,0.00013654742,0.000048086335,0.00015578415,0.00001975896,0.00017434347,0.0000053463905],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011016384,0.000053245283,0.0003177125,0.00014825842,0.00032938513,0.0000049189184,0.0017941936,0.9931124,0.0014903654,0.00030771544,0.0015887616,0.0007429199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038920043,0.0003208188,0.004320851,0.00015672548,0.00043975053,0.00007381963,0.00032322304,0.95479894,0.012295178,0.0020346807,0.020797115,0.0005469253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.205951e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.2396293e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04746327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034019344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044248147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53123856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017693049","doi":"10.1007/s10494-014-9584-y","title":"The Lattice Boltzmann Method Implemented on the GPU to Simulate the Turbulent Flow Over a Square Cylinder Confined in a Channel","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Flow Turbulence and Combustion","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Mechanics; Large eddy simulation; Open-channel flow; Flow (mathematics); Computational fluid dynamics; Simulation; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.018774143426335186,"score_gpt":0.2700147107391069,"score_spread":0.25124056731277167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017693049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8684796,0.0012198666,0.093107715,0.030842295,0.0013026592,0.003224634,0.000046606718,0.0005166601,0.0012599683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971067,0.00010762383,0.00032238875,0.0019548582,0.0001622376,0.00014962009,0.000009564649,0.000032891585,0.00015412805],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832666,0.00022053522,0.0003668314,0.00029971573,0.00036138835,0.00042489634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978791,0.00139386,0.000060661474,0.00048997777,0.00010729562,0.000069100664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011923886,0.00028224717,0.00022978122,0.00007666012,0.0005209284,0.0001540847,0.00027714027,0.00008279513,0.000032144082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021042774,0.00014869745,0.0000667979,0.00034975933,0.00006269418,0.00011288278,0.00009922082,0.0003419869,0.000054280546],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009007465,0.00002292797,0.0001468814,0.000030199059,0.00006402662,0.0000018869997,0.0028660353,0.98179126,0.00004179651,0.001851903,0.0024401587,0.010652864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067334826,0.00008271616,0.012419278,0.000100445686,0.000040060688,0.0000027807853,0.000602961,0.9705949,0.00014532992,0.0012601708,0.013860156,0.00021788687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003661808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013869148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12862709,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006230052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010546149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60637057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019019316","doi":"10.1007/s10237-012-0454-z","title":"Steady flow through a constricted cylinder by multiparticle collision dynamics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Dynamics (music); Collision; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Cylinder; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Acoustics","score_opus":0.03911555069666495,"score_gpt":0.2619618438073619,"score_spread":0.22284629311069698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019019316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.53330153,0.001587819,0.46406785,0.000045887642,0.00049511204,0.00020149538,0.00006465172,0.00014622422,0.000089426794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99118495,0.000544072,0.00801206,0.00008443979,0.00003971277,0.000028975559,0.00006147168,0.00003137663,0.0000129494065],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885756,0.000042550593,0.0003330066,0.00021142911,0.00008245908,0.0004730098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960685,0.000083055886,0.000033366385,0.00015315821,0.000049114307,0.00007447258],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026084672,0.00019483607,0.00027354455,0.00010546544,0.00007724572,0.000015698213,0.00007833176,0.00023717429,0.000007573828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035551988,0.00018477761,0.000029537703,0.00023747205,0.000022468308,0.00014298032,0.00008434808,0.00014026876,0.000012035467],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013998042,0.00051031227,0.0012383821,0.00021912451,0.00035455858,0.000007712965,0.00516232,0.6134305,0.30701566,0.04667166,0.0007626165,0.024487171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007085132,0.000033472832,0.0000029242508,0.00001413424,0.000016169013,0.0000054855377,0.00042208735,0.9933681,0.0033918114,0.0013819773,0.0004358723,0.00021946285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031585183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023786002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45788342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010135525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000083334135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75350124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020266520","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechflu.2007.07.001","title":"Simulation of particles in fluid: a two-dimensional benchmark for a cylinder settling in a wall-bounded box","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bounded function; Settling; Benchmark (surveying); Cylinder; Mechanics; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.028643665831395063,"score_gpt":0.27965209427034043,"score_spread":0.2510084284389454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020266520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7882922,0.000663139,0.21031503,0.00005612433,0.00027553123,0.00019757757,0.000004614534,0.000026265814,0.00016946682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846648,0.000014684898,0.015046498,0.00007186384,0.00013390485,0.0000012044968,0.000003109881,0.00005691683,0.000007049171],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99760956,0.00014025954,0.0013738715,0.0001464389,0.00039351566,0.00033635262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985347,0.00069916336,0.00022919962,0.00015073309,0.00029574803,0.00009045594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040023653,0.00018976897,0.00040396448,0.00045032054,0.0000440072,0.000024810832,0.00016896153,0.000044048928,0.000016325483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004360427,0.00018545467,0.00013947878,0.00035341262,0.000017044069,0.00025153652,0.000049685063,0.00023912115,0.000004906069],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020098312,0.000069323316,0.00038597352,0.000047841284,0.00007668174,0.00006718354,0.0012781153,0.9614671,0.03328798,0.0008099185,0.00003994112,0.0022689842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036360347,0.00018468451,0.002822652,0.00025976278,0.000046884248,0.000013931568,0.00022917181,0.98442596,0.0054366863,0.0024556834,0.000277091,0.00021144656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024424744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020976138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19637252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001440989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035411987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7562622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2020817360","doi":"10.5539/jmr.v1n2p64","title":"An Analytic Soluion of Fingering Phoenomenon Arising in Fluid Flow through Porous Media by Using Techniques of Calculus of Variation and Similarity Theory","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematics Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics; Saturation (graph theory); Porous medium; Wetting; Similarity (geometry); Calculus (dental); Similarity solution; Graph; Imbibition; Flow (mathematics); Mathematical analysis; Porosity; Geometry; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Combinatorics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Composite material; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.07800555520172875,"score_gpt":0.3804003143924406,"score_spread":0.30239475919071185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2020817360","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88362396,0.0008504624,0.11516326,0.000021280346,0.000020662423,0.00012620386,0.0000055404325,0.000009854444,0.00017879256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94942534,0.00029638343,0.050232925,0.000001996571,0.000026243955,4.3426252e-7,7.034311e-7,0.000014773092,0.0000012314913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803764,0.00013694561,0.0009172132,0.00008000982,0.0006437396,0.00018444628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983655,0.0006554007,0.00031290526,0.00017250405,0.00045318645,0.00004046862],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037515953,0.00010191296,0.000489949,0.0004191919,0.000037483947,0.000018218632,0.00014512462,0.00008764393,0.000006164664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055594544,0.000091328766,0.000044039458,0.00036060205,0.000083050196,0.00033966743,0.00003815208,0.00028114486,6.697096e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008027164,0.00047201687,0.0003869434,0.0011977284,0.00014199752,0.000010625604,0.03954467,0.08843208,0.8617722,0.000978876,0.000028751172,0.0069538695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000607832,0.00037318084,0.0023154076,0.00106065,0.000074798816,0.000022389699,0.0027790235,0.792963,0.17058624,0.029058358,0.0000036730728,0.00015540922],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024022413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004890298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70453095,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001317829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042257834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37242788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023044810","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2011.0018","title":"Simultaneous incorporation of mass and force terms in the multi-relaxation-time framework for lattice Boltzmann schemes","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Boltzmann constant; Lattice (music); Physics; Computer science; Relaxation (psychology); Mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.031906385489918705,"score_gpt":0.2528420763238013,"score_spread":0.2209356908338826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023044810","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28649905,0.00008186092,0.71221966,0.0006199424,0.00004275325,0.0003079585,0.000015198084,0.00005645421,0.00015712745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93821603,0.0000068153586,0.06168159,0.000015501064,0.00003109697,0.000031055748,2.817102e-7,0.000009370022,0.0000082786855],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923307,0.000015668957,0.0002524802,0.00014538915,0.00020638586,0.00014702998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984639,0.0012941755,0.000050623064,0.00012637442,0.000031487503,0.00003340294],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025615923,0.0001308192,0.00023137411,0.000021288935,0.00013139602,0.000017269795,0.00018640696,0.000070970484,0.0000030264348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017962923,0.00007849304,0.00012578328,0.00024683366,0.00040765267,0.0001140845,0.000013876686,0.00018122968,6.84759e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002176948,0.00045196214,0.00017974399,0.001405739,0.00018783778,3.3344315e-7,0.0132158315,0.6875354,0.0026572063,0.29342452,0.0000032890032,0.0009163627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013203509,0.000043637494,0.00041477606,0.000075456715,0.000044298322,5.725095e-7,0.00011171096,0.7796411,0.00043577733,0.21901888,0.0000024387284,0.000079326375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021196536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1199003e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65171695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000097683605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005082262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32008532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023457940","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2015.01.006","title":"Assessment of ghost-cell based cut-cell method for large-eddy simulations of compressible flows at high Reynolds number","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Hele-Shaw flow; Cylinder; Immersed boundary method; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Large eddy simulation; Discretization; Conformal map; Context (archaeology); Geometry; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Geology","score_opus":0.0243757828441759,"score_gpt":0.33030766396926475,"score_spread":0.30593188112508884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023457940","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41979685,0.0006906987,0.57588196,0.0002243519,0.0011414653,0.00020564563,0.0003281777,0.000021814629,0.0017090186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8821926,0.000040912193,0.11738707,0.000043632852,0.00015980988,0.0000035258436,0.000029022134,0.000021428123,0.0001220109],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853396,0.00004396232,0.00067721336,0.000102540645,0.00050622347,0.00013609807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980361,0.00047006473,0.0001536003,0.000117141186,0.001130527,0.00009255271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042881296,0.00014145645,0.00035923303,0.00016791106,0.00003674273,0.000019394942,0.0001756356,0.00006910479,0.00009499696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004989591,0.00012581615,0.00013043423,0.00007901821,0.000020915866,0.00020372061,0.000058909947,0.000103514256,0.0000019809672],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115654286,0.00017987158,0.007917213,0.00008413519,0.00021060751,0.000004299869,0.00024669006,0.96535915,0.021893771,0.00020724717,0.0035933135,0.00018802406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004058386,0.000103069986,0.0029562626,0.00006983352,0.00008740768,0.000008771625,0.00007071466,0.96706766,0.020205466,0.00022947123,0.0050237873,0.00011919069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012383088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011039368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46239573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000119158576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007009152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5130634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023699074","doi":"10.1103/physreve.83.046314","title":"Transverse permeability of fibrous porous media","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":200,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Tortuosity; Materials science; Porous medium; Pressure drop; Permeability (electromagnetism); Transverse plane; Porosity; Composite material; Mechanics; Membrane; Anatomy; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04794211089944094,"score_gpt":0.28576560714637367,"score_spread":0.23782349624693272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023699074","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.929428,0.02908406,0.0004776227,0.00006380364,0.00019366515,0.00048978894,0.000030124234,0.00036011433,0.03987286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967422,0.002932628,0.00021804603,0.00003416238,0.00004223902,0.000009080796,0.0000022651689,0.000014444939,0.00000493698],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994286,0.000020978854,0.00020297925,0.00009873086,0.00013506446,0.000113654685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956685,0.000096333686,0.00002583013,0.00022057659,0.000045690973,0.0000447064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000073323085,0.00010120913,0.0003375171,0.000010765287,0.000012712605,0.0000012679543,0.00008976155,0.000013646424,0.00014460325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079388956,0.00008211621,0.00011348552,0.00011118415,0.000054698176,0.000076552904,0.000015164018,0.00006770581,0.00010211184],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014729942,0.0033157733,0.009391692,0.09564975,0.0018076762,0.0000662422,0.079498254,0.0038591684,0.024141096,0.065138176,0.013508857,0.703476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006082096,0.0010581313,0.61828786,0.015803086,0.005239406,0.00004260328,0.001139938,0.045724034,0.0738465,0.11558231,0.11073872,0.006455291],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000715183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002244213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6970207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014944476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000042457013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33486018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024359972","doi":"10.1063/1.1906143","title":"Numerical and experimental study of flow of a stratified fluid over a sill towards a sink","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Sill; Mechanics; Particle image velocimetry; Stratified flow; Flume; Stratified flows; Sink (geography); Physics; Flow (mathematics); Curvilinear coordinates; Nonlinear system; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Petrology","score_opus":0.021677533524366955,"score_gpt":0.2798003240681966,"score_spread":0.25812279054382964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024359972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99723166,0.00049763423,0.0011616565,0.000009086538,0.000037676535,0.00018712507,0.000014145362,0.000036171245,0.0008248537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983711,0.000006818522,0.0015139347,0.000005457524,0.00006558795,0.000009494678,0.000001742476,0.000019076433,0.0000067750016],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991825,0.000015398156,0.0003273561,0.00011912982,0.0002467854,0.00010883662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996223,0.00004719202,0.000042768974,0.00018702105,0.00006843692,0.00003227365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048391288,0.000132362,0.00034357162,0.00003303748,0.000017147544,0.000005153866,0.00007295965,0.000028147799,0.000015366315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008793951,0.00012805851,0.00005237878,0.00013203666,0.00005614355,0.00014936311,0.000045583078,0.000050201663,0.0000013053234],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012336642,0.0025931506,0.003374325,0.00025957957,0.00067675643,0.0000015312247,0.035810087,0.37879917,0.56642365,0.0010639351,0.00030320048,0.010571213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032052088,0.0009073355,0.015615749,0.000047917994,0.00010946426,7.860986e-7,0.0025541305,0.4821492,0.49481228,0.00018540096,0.00007532769,0.00033718903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003396828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019482488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10335003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020469304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010460047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5222075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025004142","doi":"10.1103/physreve.77.066311","title":"Pore-scale studies of spontaneous imbibition into oil-saturated porous media","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Imbibition; Micromodel; Porous medium; Petroleum engineering; Countercurrent exchange; Distilled water; Wetting; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Capillary action; Mechanics; Porosity; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.03332892698469617,"score_gpt":0.3049051044029178,"score_spread":0.2715761774182216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025004142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8802249,0.11639875,0.00003731607,0.00018679292,0.00019483286,0.00015809503,0.000010100046,0.00026426514,0.0025249869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9264047,0.07294854,0.00027959034,0.00011074444,0.00014829262,0.00002210894,0.000019278168,0.00002444699,0.000042271753],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990159,0.000035401245,0.00035547692,0.00015684855,0.00026959268,0.00016674593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999179,0.00028435644,0.00007262866,0.00021750378,0.00019264613,0.000053880125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000081390295,0.00018183171,0.00063552166,0.000034313674,0.000058709647,0.0000027714611,0.00008848211,0.000023570628,0.000013486915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022952065,0.00014635976,0.00011631993,0.00030810668,0.00012275644,0.00010790245,0.00004403088,0.00011802219,0.00008258443],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030440485,0.0026471121,0.001724129,0.10388332,0.005722755,0.0049153822,0.08825883,0.03311061,0.14655757,0.011133995,0.112570375,0.48917153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019365184,0.0030535043,0.12528467,0.10387137,0.012209643,0.0078098513,0.0075535793,0.12274718,0.14622915,0.08534437,0.3453476,0.021183874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000061382116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000108063905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46798766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006030956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000100380375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59683776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025028931","doi":"10.6000/1927-3037.2015.04.01.5","title":"Biospecific Affinity Chromatography: Computational Modelling via Lattice Boltzmann Method and Influence of Lattice-Based Dimensionless Parameters","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biotechnology for Wellness Industries","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Lattice (music); Affinity chromatography; Statistical physics; Materials science; Chromatography; Chemistry; Physics; Mechanics; Nuclear magnetic resonance","score_opus":0.04212839914892632,"score_gpt":0.2895533253001237,"score_spread":0.24742492615119735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025028931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6176314,0.0003661079,0.3807266,0.00071413454,0.0003480049,0.000104418636,0.000038223458,0.000059079248,0.000012076611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9642744,0.000047573954,0.03553457,0.000048402926,0.000050288607,0.000006802156,0.000010147044,0.000024649553,0.0000031713168],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840975,0.00004482558,0.0007402815,0.00017174578,0.0004457766,0.00018763175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979172,0.0007480803,0.0004472392,0.00013936785,0.0006641064,0.00008405301],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005837929,0.00020942827,0.00041872435,0.0006738619,0.00006896723,0.000043404143,0.00037536462,0.0003422649,0.0000024229034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026846095,0.00019900629,0.0000956122,0.00033217127,0.00040107378,0.00035180224,0.0000759889,0.00038254945,0.0000013987599],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001395463,0.00005082301,0.001658535,0.000034264598,0.00042539474,0.000008748539,0.00017917754,0.9795436,0.00039291105,0.0027934434,0.000111718764,0.014661818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003128687,0.00027695147,0.0012064636,0.00026638396,0.00019702347,0.00015053981,0.00077645935,0.68422693,0.27866128,0.027495997,0.003174195,0.00043908352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001479741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025679087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34664303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083806204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101099875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8115241},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025622262","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2013.03.002","title":"Filter-matrix lattice Boltzmann simulation of lid-driven deep-cavity flows, Part II — Flow bifurcation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Bifurcation; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Filter (signal processing); Vortex; Flow (mathematics); Hopf bifurcation; Geometry; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.016207423708936814,"score_gpt":0.2511818916090106,"score_spread":0.23497446790007379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025622262","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07380159,0.00012398502,0.9227846,0.00013816648,0.000087278495,0.001560927,0.000024844185,0.0005144572,0.00096414966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.73308325,0.000020438856,0.26595816,0.000029967885,0.00012916287,0.0005544882,0.00007120844,0.00006148141,0.00009185147],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836886,0.000024620787,0.00067266985,0.00029757907,0.00034490527,0.00029138022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798524,0.00046796823,0.00024241969,0.00075534865,0.0004300675,0.0001189448],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012714823,0.00030415462,0.00041180747,0.00016872417,0.00025222608,0.000071113274,0.0003124365,0.000105449995,0.00007723295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002089615,0.00028166146,0.00008603645,0.0005246501,0.00008437931,0.00037314644,0.00011842792,0.00015281202,0.0002334757],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002183567,0.00013907149,0.00017734809,0.00033239965,0.00013019824,2.0947617e-7,0.001870846,0.9892437,0.00016027426,0.0016184282,0.00065418327,0.0056711626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000384171,0.00003803068,0.0009335997,0.00009438059,0.000110928435,0.0000029808086,0.00014347878,0.99207777,0.00018765921,0.0020087836,0.0037204493,0.0002977546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004751175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007779033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6592817,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083534964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002194118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025723755","doi":"10.1007/s10955-010-9969-9","title":"Optimal Stability of Advection-Diffusion Lattice Boltzmann Models with Two Relaxation Times for Positive/Negative Equilibrium","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Statistical Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":188,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Advection; Péclet number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Linear stability; Relaxation (psychology); Statistical physics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Instability","score_opus":0.017133816320970514,"score_gpt":0.27376899762893225,"score_spread":0.25663518130796176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025723755","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3766283,0.000014171908,0.62213224,0.000043749144,0.00016126156,0.00017515678,0.00014150213,0.000022440976,0.0006811399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8607221,0.0000038239646,0.13900632,0.000008561961,0.00020448175,0.000004622037,0.000009781184,0.000028293618,0.00001197888],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987775,0.000034628327,0.00051614305,0.00012530565,0.0003649864,0.00018143772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99728745,0.0012187843,0.00030616988,0.00013204108,0.0009640586,0.0000914729],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025556952,0.00016600013,0.00037145847,0.000048242146,0.00006312691,0.000024172832,0.00009063305,0.000053811098,0.000023116845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023834381,0.00013316749,0.00007744743,0.00014086194,0.00019444627,0.0006067236,0.00002630328,0.0003419715,0.0000020054222],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011147389,0.00042161392,0.0008230748,0.00034590138,0.00052662316,0.0000071392883,0.0027654506,0.8238616,0.04608775,0.119965516,0.0005363212,0.003544256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022650925,0.0006202941,0.0069019157,0.000084718966,0.00029661375,0.000013181689,0.00032622696,0.8895903,0.019000305,0.0805998,0.000033870445,0.00026763254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007441519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000599036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48409382,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058383233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055245026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5430412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026039337","doi":"10.1115/fuelcell2010-33080","title":"Analysis of Water Agglomeration Inside the GDL Using a Pore-Network Model","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Economies of agglomeration; Transient (computer programming); Network model; Mechanics; Transient analysis; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Computer science; Geology; Engineering; Transient response; Physics; Chemical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0237083228640252,"score_gpt":0.2539334182458698,"score_spread":0.2302250953818446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026039337","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9481111,0.00001953821,0.04715588,0.00005241241,0.00008062877,0.00006802961,0.0000019472348,0.00008455502,0.004425897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99568886,0.0000027290096,0.003989605,0.00005347942,0.000055985878,0.0000024998642,0.0000095423375,0.00001105782,0.000186265],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994837,0.000008397854,0.0001953166,0.00007256366,0.00011473718,0.00012525452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996466,0.000045400684,0.000019725876,0.00020353575,0.00006877059,0.000015978943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015746326,0.00007513399,0.00015589816,0.00008161414,0.00006951342,0.000018809686,0.00005847295,0.00003891924,0.00009867108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009751416,0.00004179246,0.00007039474,0.0002922002,0.000025949963,0.00010226663,0.0000310167,0.00008012845,0.000010053489],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001143942,0.0000026474322,0.001261431,0.0000029540345,0.00036702352,1.4347195e-7,0.00048036914,0.975294,0.02205536,0.00031570697,0.000114681505,0.000104573235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050104663,0.0000012665947,0.0015431779,0.00000124776,0.00032493362,2.51298e-7,0.000020179232,0.9948805,0.0027127867,0.00026342898,0.00013891916,0.0000631884],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017668779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015198751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.047577724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009805491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000038168264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17042471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026819486","doi":"10.1115/icmm2004-2435","title":"Simulation of Electroosmotic Flows in Micro- and Nanochannels Using a Lattice Boltzmann Model","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Poisson–Boltzmann equation; Statistical physics; Boltzmann equation; Mechanics; Poisson's equation; Physics; HPP model; Lattice (music); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Ion","score_opus":0.026920410682568417,"score_gpt":0.264701153208554,"score_spread":0.23778074252598555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026819486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83460027,0.00035974968,0.16435751,0.000018488934,0.00003093731,0.00015109785,0.0000020590164,0.00008592982,0.00039392855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9821394,0.000018414628,0.017743208,0.000028407503,0.000016304339,0.000002733195,0.000001364186,0.000025916608,0.000024227425],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992295,0.000010125772,0.00029881674,0.00014450002,0.000109043285,0.00020801558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967426,0.00008702215,0.000030506262,0.00011887657,0.000056475496,0.000032829637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011173107,0.0001369224,0.00021559237,0.00016443405,0.00003140239,0.000013334402,0.000047457408,0.0000651978,0.0000040307186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003579196,0.00013974267,0.000027886348,0.00021749703,0.000022206337,0.00023875319,0.000029248919,0.00007939826,0.0000034899726],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059523773,0.000015225837,0.00027070998,0.00006358784,0.000019692485,0.0000010521532,0.00073881284,0.97213674,0.026269995,0.00038576656,7.692995e-7,0.00009172053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007010056,0.000012750206,0.0005797481,0.00004279949,0.000020722717,0.0000014615775,0.00006221597,0.9879796,0.0069488506,0.0035044623,0.0000042907545,0.00014212672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032474734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060028877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14753914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009649227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001729745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5698541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027020170","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9797(03)00170-x","title":"Lattice Boltzmann model of microfluidics in the presence of external forces","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Electrokinetic phenomena; Microfluidics; Microchannel; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Pressure gradient; Chemistry; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.02135942685809367,"score_gpt":0.2752722326854551,"score_spread":0.2539128058273614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027020170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9808561,0.003450002,0.013972282,0.000034574834,0.00013238729,0.000063647945,0.0000018058242,0.0000026287744,0.0014865784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970385,0.00045585432,0.0024195367,0.000017263437,0.000009006894,5.236186e-7,5.951282e-9,0.0000038012283,0.000055538512],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989661,0.000027707969,0.00042108764,0.000068549816,0.00038240128,0.00013414466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992974,0.00016062359,0.00016710763,0.00010631681,0.00023515323,0.00003343864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011461554,0.00007426544,0.00019343234,0.00014433407,0.000043478616,0.000029743345,0.00033949743,0.000020805077,0.0000031220482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025134764,0.000049213246,0.00003450015,0.00034802768,0.00032621744,0.0004818769,0.000033419,0.00012782965,3.0218087e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014682261,0.000022460132,0.0020857784,0.000042397824,0.0000075952034,3.2918234e-7,0.0039522233,0.14828734,0.8442768,0.0010958597,0.000117743235,0.00009677264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053581665,0.00016694411,0.003192729,0.000270077,0.00002392723,0.000045186913,0.0028634022,0.15048687,0.84030217,0.0015761383,0.00042333387,0.000113425216],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025284876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017733454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016182376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021610971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006529265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20068578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027868929","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.750.100","title":"Rheological Model for a Nanoporous-Elasto-Hydrodynamic Composite Material","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials science forum","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canarie","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoporous; Materials science; Rheology; Isotropy; Composite number; Composite material; Nanopore; Colloid; Mixing (physics); Matrix (chemical analysis); Self-healing hydrogels; Work (physics); Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.013351558180291035,"score_gpt":0.2372522933023235,"score_spread":0.22390073512203246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027868929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9670871,0.000011758448,0.029738434,0.000166317,0.0013649424,0.00062317576,0.00009979178,0.0004247448,0.00048372307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925908,0.0000036814406,0.0066678133,0.00011170194,0.00007413542,0.00021698949,0.000015483833,0.00002937717,0.00029003064],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840575,0.000011617855,0.00035188827,0.00030797618,0.0002551596,0.00066759146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945414,0.000035385623,0.000052731048,0.00024393652,0.00011969704,0.00009408883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002919715,0.0002054317,0.00028684843,0.00010909688,0.0003271054,0.00033374596,0.00036896186,0.000072679635,0.00039962627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035907364,0.00016775735,0.000040484854,0.00015700104,0.00033874993,0.00064570527,0.00017924953,0.000034640085,0.000245558],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011338169,0.0000116680085,0.0000541173,0.000028897855,0.000006904737,3.3286935e-7,0.00012618685,0.122771166,0.8752091,0.0010513989,0.0006032462,0.00012564269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002964916,0.00004266078,0.00075598346,0.000012282362,0.000009368806,0.000005006851,0.000050388826,0.86341614,0.13082187,0.0041730613,0.00015434441,0.0002623917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015706086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045726897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7443872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093926086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024888304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6840946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027901345","doi":"10.1088/1478-3975/4/4/005","title":"An immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann approach to simulate deformable liquid capsules and its application to microscopic blood flows","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Biology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health; Johns Hopkins University","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Immersed boundary method; Mechanics; Compressibility; Physics; Eulerian path; Boundary value problem; Bubble; Materials science; Boundary (topology); Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Lagrangian","score_opus":0.012219038785141311,"score_gpt":0.27839355688407236,"score_spread":0.26617451809893106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027901345","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9720085,0.00026712028,0.025560427,0.00006261041,0.00008199544,0.0005254895,0.000025042222,0.0002734735,0.0011953119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99693924,0.000009266292,0.002277069,0.00032662036,0.00027987908,0.00005606489,0.00004758925,0.000036626832,0.000027613152],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987606,0.000027370153,0.0002548777,0.0003911997,0.00008477265,0.00048122776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992847,0.0001080005,0.000029508528,0.00026882955,0.00007949323,0.00022949996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017810825,0.00023330009,0.000324333,0.00010718191,0.00014427988,0.000027946131,0.00016525832,0.0001010201,0.0000018687101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025349453,0.00021657611,0.000038896873,0.00027263304,0.000042693835,0.00016110922,0.00009184519,0.00014148788,0.00015027511],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010602635,0.00021236899,0.00025952212,0.000085068146,0.00011675841,0.000001372426,0.0020143595,0.06974326,0.9230946,0.0023308068,0.00003616357,0.0019997412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024962127,0.0015366701,0.01338219,0.0000355537,0.00029808382,0.000017104583,0.0005472484,0.67117447,0.27725035,0.0014449563,0.030136446,0.0016807135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019164394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014761613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6458442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004039919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000092978335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88317174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027929089","doi":"10.1007/s00348-005-0053-1","title":"Creeping flow through a model fibrous porous medium","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Experiments in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Mechanics; Materials science; Viscoelasticity; Particle image velocimetry; Stokes flow; Flow (mathematics); Newtonian fluid; Porosity; Velocimetry; Rheology; Non-Newtonian fluid; Physics; Composite material; Turbulence","score_opus":0.03334769422978876,"score_gpt":0.2994095982700772,"score_spread":0.2660619040402884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027929089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.65265656,0.022416888,0.1724446,0.000626316,0.0016828188,0.00092187757,0.000025888334,0.00217438,0.14705065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9377308,0.000076321456,0.061020434,0.0002564536,0.00023007013,0.000060705315,0.0000062841978,0.000057194815,0.0005617484],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876475,0.000015394802,0.0003561852,0.00022730131,0.00026779098,0.00036857504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995821,0.000037049154,0.000017177808,0.0002885324,0.000026218371,0.000048921163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008566903,0.00021531674,0.00023916451,0.00007675961,0.00006531039,0.000029570227,0.00016656259,0.00008987963,0.00009948666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022078028,0.00022822563,0.000043783013,0.00015333667,0.000035802717,0.00043218245,0.00008678145,0.00013751062,0.0001551083],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009177199,0.000047552538,0.00018019821,0.000015768046,0.00004501218,0.000007274361,0.012024556,0.9724674,0.00932848,0.00043238874,0.0032964556,0.002145718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000843098,0.000015960544,0.0002324292,0.000038753053,0.0000066248103,0.0000029907894,0.00031129832,0.9609287,0.030968057,0.00022025527,0.0061250334,0.00030681372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012162091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009186056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2850742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031294607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002208619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9306771},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028021836","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2011.04.001","title":"Isotropic color gradient for simulating very high-density ratios with a two-phase flow lattice Boltzmann model","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Discretization; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Isotropy; Spurious relationship; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Physics; Mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.0319562731365579,"score_gpt":0.25311733960629784,"score_spread":0.22116106646973993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028021836","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4844184,0.0000695404,0.51409024,0.000021035168,0.0003604881,0.00042919468,0.000016013524,0.00040447921,0.00019061287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82761425,0.0000046269724,0.1718009,0.00018928101,0.00017924047,0.000056704543,0.000025343867,0.00006910577,0.000060537637],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984509,0.00002891413,0.00040433693,0.00039849893,0.0002371406,0.00048026265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890953,0.0002401419,0.00006142039,0.0004196147,0.000227267,0.00014203516],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013576787,0.0003617899,0.00044519102,0.00012696086,0.00026398082,0.00006355869,0.00021806255,0.000079354315,0.000009223946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002670312,0.0003395798,0.00010638754,0.0001966175,0.00008051955,0.00035125593,0.00010314802,0.00015503798,0.000027938639],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017402995,0.00011001526,0.00033076273,0.00011556774,0.00026685075,0.000017737035,0.003210276,0.98852664,0.0008172979,0.0018071772,0.0014426316,0.00318101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040634074,0.00030054696,0.0010099219,0.000055315853,0.00014271916,0.000004922703,0.00006585993,0.99222744,0.0010072681,0.00045953118,0.0002497544,0.00041331776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023968008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028514916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34319586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013877384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003118041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029057813","doi":"10.1007/s11242-012-0074-1","title":"Hydrodynamic Boundary Condition at Open-Porous Interface: A Pore-Level Lattice Boltzmann Study","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Porosity; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Materials science; Hydrogeology; Interface model; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Composite material; Computer science","score_opus":0.03239633568944732,"score_gpt":0.28874137906573755,"score_spread":0.2563450433762902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029057813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873994,0.0014855595,0.0005230575,0.00005467275,0.0015545201,0.0012652623,0.00018606467,0.00047304592,0.007058399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978376,0.00008111721,0.00045213732,0.00009646325,0.00019048175,0.00016500673,0.00035753316,0.0001395708,0.00068008143],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972002,0.0000699762,0.0009185982,0.0004278957,0.0005458842,0.0008374668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880797,0.00020903135,0.00011923231,0.00055676117,0.00007032752,0.00023670372],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007863498,0.0004851188,0.00069288665,0.00024228863,0.00016501626,0.0000474623,0.0004980409,0.00017863844,0.00039233093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003712419,0.0005017329,0.00007248995,0.00040350965,0.00012450058,0.0010425844,0.00011110754,0.0004364511,0.00031236873],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045366166,0.0027650008,0.80178505,0.00048014498,0.0009101695,0.0008405232,0.13363326,0.050938893,0.00095765,0.00039883115,0.0029248705,0.003911981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042376965,0.00013409067,0.98212636,0.000108628235,0.00027610417,0.00007765076,0.0042379145,0.002372057,0.00025738863,0.00029703206,0.0048459,0.0010292096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020365344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1803413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004698297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004287352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029249345","doi":"10.1103/physreve.76.066309","title":"Lattice-Boltzmann simulation of solvent diffusion into oil-saturated porous media","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Solvent; Diffusion; Materials science; Statistical physics; Porosity; Lattice (music); Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.023409150753766303,"score_gpt":0.3138120949197017,"score_spread":0.2904029441659354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029249345","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556354,0.031893443,0.006445858,0.00016610745,0.00040967957,0.00035067872,0.000007950901,0.00042080952,0.0046700337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995579,0.0036596693,0.0003284882,0.00011923153,0.00022514652,0.000007783618,0.000022019016,0.000034258665,0.000024397714],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865144,0.000030098081,0.00050575344,0.00018439423,0.00038544,0.00024284508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987522,0.0005863458,0.000113413436,0.0002808175,0.00017430862,0.0000929486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028121824,0.0002082099,0.0005063858,0.000057868092,0.000047267036,0.000008217558,0.00012222424,0.000042850446,0.00002808165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029983438,0.00017285778,0.00013464566,0.00039903185,0.00004820702,0.00014815667,0.000060335322,0.00015756699,0.00011123877],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110466906,0.00083038525,0.0017082914,0.019430542,0.00055932347,0.000037534293,0.007813509,0.27074155,0.05412005,0.006904942,0.0015649258,0.6361785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026130115,0.00019871768,0.06367316,0.0087757,0.001183857,0.0000046576315,0.00024442756,0.846636,0.0139328,0.00684319,0.05388082,0.0020136607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074686322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008785621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6341648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006963922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008064884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7048935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029846432","doi":"10.1115/1.4025326","title":"Implementation and Validation of a 1D Fluid Model for Collapsible Channels","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Discretization; Fluid mechanics; Solver; Fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Closing (real estate); Fluid–structure interaction; Computational fluid dynamics; Geometry; Solid mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Finite element method; Mathematical optimization","score_opus":0.02373120668182017,"score_gpt":0.27260408702732863,"score_spread":0.24887288034550847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029846432","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42911652,0.0001586223,0.57025963,0.000053358093,0.00019841712,0.00017650142,0.000005922425,0.000024914414,0.000006100674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825682,0.000052083764,0.017247267,0.0000068678332,0.0000788298,0.000015074657,0.0000018343675,0.000021096377,0.000008767134],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992071,0.000004018674,0.00045880428,0.00005809684,0.00014084055,0.00013114841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994762,0.00008941461,0.00009751589,0.00005670742,0.00021783164,0.00006233976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019945044,0.00009506617,0.00021972955,0.00018540151,0.000018469114,0.000027053296,0.000057677986,0.000048108977,0.000011650123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045936027,0.000088213645,0.00006042631,0.00013569574,0.000005990976,0.00032410727,0.00001972092,0.000052538187,9.71862e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056251256,0.000007936965,0.000012341255,0.00013517487,0.00008005504,1.9225735e-7,0.00019923053,0.6336375,0.36375812,0.0005104638,0.00021471239,0.0014386654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055945304,0.000071702045,0.000040182156,0.000031466476,0.00002995786,0.000005239029,0.00008885267,0.86983335,0.12863854,0.00053897075,0.00008361899,0.00007866867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019291865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5675604e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55345166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000409891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001004747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3597248},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030122018","doi":"10.1121/1.4781502","title":"A hybrid approach for simulating clarinetlike systems involving the lattice Boltzmann method and a finite difference scheme","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Representation (politics); Scheme (mathematics); Finite difference scheme; Mach number; Computer science; Finite difference; Lattice (music); Boltzmann constant; Fluid–structure interaction; Lattice gas automaton; Statistical physics; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Physics; Algorithm; Finite element method; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Acoustics; Quantum mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021910230926102087,"score_gpt":0.26212176128262815,"score_spread":0.24021153035652607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030122018","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.024794703,0.0022766788,0.97176063,0.0005605975,0.00012167575,0.0003174566,0.00001202817,0.00003090868,0.00012532728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.851349,0.00013670296,0.14788964,0.00023007159,0.00028028083,0.000006050616,6.3216993e-7,0.000028764809,0.00007885218],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847806,0.0001606493,0.00059038,0.000101422855,0.00039559213,0.00027388585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994318,0.004737351,0.00038986493,0.00027711416,0.00023377314,0.000043875072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010748975,0.00019080398,0.0004223029,0.000016913235,0.0003567866,0.00005612915,0.00043338694,0.000054268232,0.0000014385614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041546876,0.000091771435,0.00025953338,0.00018404688,0.00034124168,0.00008836018,0.00019555818,0.0004703229,3.1879603e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002594574,0.000027807282,0.0002830674,0.00021473381,0.00025225175,1.640387e-7,0.0006688808,0.99247736,0.0030227024,0.000049230588,0.0018324767,0.0011454085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037395934,0.00004494014,0.0015232774,0.0000691446,0.00034143135,0.000023995379,0.0015179035,0.9944297,0.00009137254,0.00091457966,0.0005559201,0.000113766866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044960067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4037132e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8265543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005133387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021527521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37423307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030541043","doi":"10.1029/2004jb003111","title":"Permeability and storativity of binary mixtures of high‐ and low‐permeability materials","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Quartz; Permeability (electromagnetism); Calcite; Geology; Materials science; Mineralogy; Composite material; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.02697374620968138,"score_gpt":0.31657539568395604,"score_spread":0.28960164947427464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030541043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985949,0.00086170714,0.000066156266,0.00015254608,0.0000745722,0.00016385867,0.000025516527,0.000011705845,0.000049063303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986303,0.00019801133,0.0010308996,0.0000030158817,0.00010951595,0.0000026261498,5.1790386e-7,0.000014885517,0.000010268428],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980869,0.00023527585,0.0005698736,0.00015248526,0.0007014438,0.00025397504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979119,0.0008792846,0.00014480411,0.00022035927,0.00070280524,0.00014089355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011319839,0.0001453769,0.0006068907,0.000027262266,0.000074779135,0.00002964043,0.00014819474,0.00007791536,0.000036702106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00092734024,0.00011008047,0.000072949755,0.0002243193,0.0007761552,0.00032201936,0.00016040495,0.00032714827,0.0000015617405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00082298875,0.0007252549,0.016774723,0.0019988234,0.0003648288,0.000027720309,0.0021096482,0.0126184635,0.9587505,0.0017171259,0.00021650035,0.0038734197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001186893,0.0008444526,0.84577054,0.00020688826,0.000030405059,0.000006112456,0.00040326588,0.0004188377,0.13105583,0.019910937,0.000029274885,0.0001365454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034253398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026802705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8289958,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008898627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000090793095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44889516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030695320","doi":"10.1140/epjst/e2009-01010-2","title":"A mean-field free energy lattice Boltzmann model for multicomponent fluids","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal Special Topics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Ternary operation; Mean field theory; Drop (telecommunication); Laplace transform; Dispersion relation; Statistical physics; Energy (signal processing); Physics; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Materials science; Mathematics; Condensed matter physics; Mathematical analysis; Computer science","score_opus":0.02712146301901467,"score_gpt":0.2570720871004102,"score_spread":0.22995062408139552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030695320","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0487189,0.0006596135,0.2156329,0.007674335,0.0026791552,0.0005284267,0.000034639226,0.0006444118,0.7234276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8510398,0.00018048729,0.0039904206,0.0015041749,0.14096345,0.00000410926,0.0000038641715,0.00009918856,0.0022145123],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885696,0.00008573557,0.0003110858,0.00013645845,0.0002889856,0.00032080206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923044,0.00017370371,0.00005944599,0.0003250615,0.00009850891,0.00011286135],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023021168,0.00020693932,0.00023917947,0.00003751578,0.00029278113,0.00011605233,0.0005021407,0.000028489749,0.000005634516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000077811026,0.00014694972,0.00020415137,0.00008560561,0.000032733617,0.00016382273,0.00008353754,0.00031429465,0.000025710518],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010430716,0.00021828027,0.0000045821,0.000017250683,0.00019443057,0.00003560982,0.0052631353,0.23947728,0.0026712685,0.0509316,0.059477206,0.6416051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014286096,0.00018072777,0.000701031,0.00003491164,0.00013036032,0.000018674576,0.00010110476,0.7270056,0.00095113454,0.08425478,0.18476689,0.00042617787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010229107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039982497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8023209,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062633386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008869807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5992436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032838879","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20490","title":"Fibre orientation distribution in turbulent fibre suspensions flowing through an axisymmetric contraction","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Reynolds number; Reynolds stress; Rotational symmetry; Physics; Contraction (grammar); Inlet; Materials science; Optics; Classical mechanics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.023913546447451736,"score_gpt":0.22620897690889602,"score_spread":0.20229543046144427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032838879","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99418527,0.00037060058,0.0046189013,0.0001236981,0.00039724945,0.000091209215,0.0000061508426,0.000038350463,0.00016857205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924093,0.000008884432,0.00054475665,0.000019053916,0.00014683872,0.0000025140482,0.000012929019,0.000022037573,0.0000020574382],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991292,0.000014867764,0.0003635405,0.000077984,0.0001527586,0.0002616776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945426,0.00008932423,0.000042756456,0.00011910287,0.000111568865,0.00018299899],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020375475,0.00012891079,0.0001778379,0.00013643336,0.000061291816,0.000034066903,0.00013419519,0.000081066006,0.000025328678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018459797,0.00010961414,0.00006075111,0.0004114138,0.000024806714,0.00059087574,0.000006425294,0.0003489033,0.0000041782514],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041530468,0.000032184336,0.0022760958,0.00007481482,0.00017995712,0.0001820895,0.008378598,0.9410953,0.04172865,0.0035966008,0.0005884663,0.0018256931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036464876,0.0002194242,0.06877125,0.0007843557,0.00032484246,0.00088203937,0.0012657491,0.59754425,0.31588027,0.0019641856,0.0072360933,0.0014810502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007052352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038636776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34355107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045904113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006694808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4469935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032901404","doi":"10.1016/j.jrmge.2014.10.004","title":"Numerical modelling of flow and transport in rough fractures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Displacement (psychology); Flow (mathematics); Computational science; Parallel computing; Algorithm; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.009868436313925505,"score_gpt":0.2082328340337306,"score_spread":0.1983643977198051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032901404","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.103914484,0.00096275524,0.89492595,0.000038376398,0.00007954087,0.00003776749,9.618974e-7,0.000028533344,0.000011618969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99077785,0.0004189541,0.008718431,0.0000106094485,0.000051888466,9.3816084e-7,2.5134983e-7,0.000019997513,0.000001075914],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915874,0.0000066396788,0.00045438425,0.00007950153,0.00016004707,0.00014069858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963033,0.000118238495,0.000063121515,0.00007151017,0.00004490673,0.00007188225],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028110846,0.00012459586,0.00035867686,0.0001317359,0.000015646074,0.000007020444,0.00006668708,0.00010558425,0.000002178948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005198248,0.000110810804,0.000053038217,0.00011525333,0.000002346654,0.000114856746,0.000017725,0.00032301122,1.3643816e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000824676,0.000008335796,0.000020979955,0.00008129577,0.000022939106,0.0000035836629,0.00009110651,0.9978348,0.00029787238,0.0007282094,0.0000028189595,0.00089979416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003398349,0.000060869508,0.0002290661,0.00011268872,0.000021742311,0.000025087405,0.000010970382,0.99722344,0.0003130535,0.0009504192,0.0006033778,0.00010943238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002345104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.0694684e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88686335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001610399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045931674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45187333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032930241","doi":"10.4208/cicp.281009.120210a","title":"Numerical Simulation of Moving Contact Lines with Surfactant by Immersed Boundary Method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications in Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Education, India; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; National Science Council","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Mechanics; Compressibility; Surface tension; Immersed boundary method; Contact angle; Boundary (topology); Eulerian path; Convergence (economics); Physics; Classical mechanics; Lagrangian; Materials science; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.032076895112176575,"score_gpt":0.33756079903813163,"score_spread":0.30548390392595504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032930241","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17356645,0.000270516,0.8234126,0.00026246946,0.00011052964,0.00027909144,0.000052765357,0.00015423923,0.001891348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88843495,0.000010877042,0.11130883,0.000029219156,0.000023750294,0.000015251521,0.00014620324,0.000026380265,0.0000045506413],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991003,0.000067026136,0.000369047,0.00012655318,0.0002132645,0.00012378808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99723995,0.0018453124,0.0001078286,0.0005095846,0.00026527117,0.000032037406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017139802,0.00014058642,0.00022930597,0.0000628772,0.00012119272,0.000028054203,0.00030754326,0.000050646508,0.000007887136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052934112,0.00014100979,0.000040314128,0.00040076388,0.00010462364,0.00024947542,0.00007243534,0.00032508696,0.0000075043404],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000093000435,0.00008791587,0.0033728585,0.000020546304,0.000050636074,1.5527361e-7,0.00055660796,0.98750913,0.0017406621,0.0031305882,0.000035758516,0.0034858594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004328869,0.0000155361,0.009377964,0.00002313195,0.000015278549,7.6143965e-7,0.00007181524,0.9847205,0.00030183367,0.0038992527,0.0009876947,0.00015331226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025167286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017165912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7148685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045521676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051327333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5750212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033989736","doi":"10.1115/icmm2005-75170","title":"On the Slip Mechanism of Microfluidics by Means of a Mean-Field Free-Energy Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Slip (aerodynamics); Slipping; Slip ratio; Mechanics; Boundary value problem; Materials science; Physics; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014956722078130924,"score_gpt":0.2480431194168636,"score_spread":0.23308639733873268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033989736","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02554087,0.0018643005,0.8712218,0.0027310385,0.00027111804,0.0002749305,0.00006814247,0.00033745327,0.097690396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773939,0.00023731557,0.019614432,0.0011360315,0.000072165625,0.00001535337,0.0000034598518,0.00005124629,0.001476053],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987122,0.00006920228,0.00046520843,0.00017404488,0.0003463293,0.00023302835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99778867,0.0013762288,0.00008767825,0.0005748987,0.0001263287,0.000046177738],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040921164,0.00020961877,0.00033342425,0.00008610991,0.000056954457,0.000011402765,0.00035690193,0.00011369298,0.00027064097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016591584,0.00014991249,0.00011712793,0.00021980645,0.00003300876,0.00010899064,0.000098741155,0.00014300397,0.000017687562],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002951747,0.00009495763,0.000012182669,0.000071802984,0.00043709466,6.490437e-7,0.0015973091,0.011847504,0.12300653,0.7474311,0.11111128,0.0043600965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053318805,0.000090269474,0.000014241848,0.000034744975,0.000093587194,0.0000016083237,0.00049033016,0.063953824,0.90055245,0.010414794,0.02358532,0.00023564951],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011771396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008054249,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9518531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035312514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010487918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6113254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035297797","doi":"10.1080/10407790.2014.949568","title":"A New Hybrid Algorithm for Numerical Simulation of VOC Emissions Using Single-Layer and Multilayer Approaches","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Heat Transfer Part B Fundamentals","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Layer (electronics); Algorithm; Computer science; Environmental science; Process engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.1014034902798877,"score_gpt":0.2965071124179859,"score_spread":0.19510362213809818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035297797","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11246313,0.00028188326,0.8860667,0.00006586207,0.00018474065,0.0005380037,0.0000636508,0.00016191587,0.0001741389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9580002,0.000008954952,0.04155596,0.00007051676,0.00019763767,0.000031411546,0.000025061581,0.00007318734,0.000037086476],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830335,0.00005811874,0.000580366,0.00036811762,0.00028616877,0.00040385916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989187,0.0005478094,0.000014956131,0.00020620407,0.000050867286,0.0002614567],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014975478,0.00032016344,0.0005698301,0.00008748372,0.00015140105,0.000042758256,0.00009022043,0.000099215016,0.0000790785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003209796,0.00029930376,0.00015934772,0.00018175374,0.00006981137,0.0002202655,0.000026074073,0.00012849414,0.0000065430118],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008868629,0.0002496131,0.00108124,0.00021293761,0.00025984275,0.0000010856043,0.0009058184,0.8293537,0.021573532,0.000078033154,0.00026118106,0.14593431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012931342,0.00019467363,0.00030574723,0.000058914018,0.0001181694,0.000005314358,0.00008362088,0.9648336,0.024276694,0.000092080365,0.008411888,0.00032614634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022431504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.080741e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84553707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008719727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016913098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999459},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035490663","doi":"10.1080/10916466.2011.569811","title":"The Prediction of Bubble-point Pressure and Bubble-point Oil Formation Volume Factor in the Absence of PVT Analysis","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science and Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble point; Bubble; Volume (thermodynamics); Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Point (geometry); Materials science; Chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.007418710325684877,"score_gpt":0.21167893412196,"score_spread":0.20426022379627512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035490663","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931162,0.00063771463,0.0044488143,0.0008466563,0.000050337552,0.00006049528,0.000012578091,0.00006525552,0.0007619406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996209,0.0002178182,0.000104209226,0.0000075411617,0.00000693089,0.00001401397,7.106144e-7,0.000002971397,0.000024908662],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991489,0.00001985589,0.00026287563,0.00014026284,0.00025859132,0.00016952027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936664,0.00011742163,0.000093606184,0.0002650721,0.00014161842,0.000015629174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007216307,0.000079187834,0.00017196343,0.00040906758,0.00015093283,0.000027692142,0.00023958989,0.0000515388,0.0000018838041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024565685,0.000048775688,0.000018886694,0.001214929,0.00065888907,0.00029462573,0.00007982463,0.000118172284,7.261359e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003857706,0.00010313147,0.6722047,0.0005733534,0.00047869232,0.0000013369956,0.009441459,0.10975918,0.06956514,0.030766929,0.00030186493,0.10676564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023746344,0.00007163482,0.15395607,0.00001797257,0.000080348684,0.000004742935,0.0014993732,0.83839494,0.0027230831,0.0011057904,0.0018340513,0.000074550495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027931126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000102096856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7286357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001640579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000109267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24277042},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035533764","doi":"10.1016/s0017-9310(03)00218-7","title":"A lattice Boltzmann model for electrokinetic microchannel flow of electrolyte solution in the presence of external forces with the Poisson–Boltzmann equation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Poisson–Boltzmann equation; Microchannel; Electrokinetic phenomena; Electrolyte; Boltzmann equation; Mechanics; Boltzmann relation; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Direct simulation Monte Carlo; Statistical physics; Ion; Nanotechnology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.016294520794715165,"score_gpt":0.24315098815226682,"score_spread":0.22685646735755166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035533764","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37312058,0.0012860418,0.6246715,0.0005597255,0.000065889355,0.00019063149,0.000009207042,0.0000040867844,0.00009235582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99719703,0.00030692067,0.0023293605,0.00005341407,0.000057885627,0.000015602245,0.0000016997498,0.000013426624,0.000024687575],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889314,0.000049429927,0.00041181376,0.00008301411,0.00040317661,0.0001594365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991697,0.00030480602,0.00005627512,0.00007266383,0.0003758289,0.000020694117],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050261937,0.00012223622,0.00020292737,0.00013441642,0.00003879008,0.000025656333,0.0002170739,0.00004097539,0.0000028216898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003444857,0.00007318879,0.00008203254,0.0000942104,0.00006018982,0.00023598038,0.0000043505165,0.00015365994,1.2329394e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000704326,0.000078555364,0.0005748023,0.00009936624,0.00029362462,0.0000036815254,0.0055624745,0.78794795,0.19858964,0.0054174764,0.00009728299,0.0006307953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021207586,0.00029372727,0.0013512326,0.00014708353,0.000135798,0.00006848932,0.00041261237,0.9489503,0.042077992,0.004114369,0.00020327895,0.00012434636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006907743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004130157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6240764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031660657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034184093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29845524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036129804","doi":"10.1615/computthermalscien.2013006652","title":"NATURAL CONVECTION OF NANOFLUIDS IN A SQUARE CAVITY HEATED FROM BELOW","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Thermal Sciences An International Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Nusselt number; Natural convection; Prandtl number; Materials science; Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Rayleigh number; Thermal conductivity; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Physics; Composite material; Turbulence","score_opus":0.020694781078393686,"score_gpt":0.28747926252222405,"score_spread":0.2667844814438304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036129804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99540514,0.00019108455,0.0018597844,0.00017975329,0.0014871343,0.00008434358,0.000014378509,0.00004144222,0.0007369254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99643964,0.000016557602,0.0031826228,0.0000808157,0.00023739177,0.0000048468987,0.000018546545,0.00000781328,0.000011783037],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986758,0.000054317217,0.00037651366,0.00013667633,0.0006071942,0.00014945595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898577,0.00014963289,0.000088966604,0.00004486888,0.0006725717,0.000058205358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002189649,0.00010693249,0.00013171257,0.00021132817,0.00010810759,0.0001485407,0.00033723708,0.000036072546,0.0003905685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005473102,0.0000924128,0.000052364536,0.00022157178,0.00013754076,0.0011667784,0.000038433016,0.00016552115,0.000027665064],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000119297765,0.000040171755,0.058893092,0.000002764637,0.000053803644,0.000003516934,0.0005617624,0.9328348,0.0033056578,0.00038900602,0.00010464892,0.0037988229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033274078,0.000027819777,0.5114068,0.000027565879,0.0000024205194,0.000009392101,0.00016483871,0.4841793,0.00023274904,0.0034809792,0.000052980886,0.00008244598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031344238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033891847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45251366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012927648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048980244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4276451},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036286803","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2013.03.039","title":"Progress and investigation on lattice Boltzmann modeling of multiple immiscible fluids or components with variable density and viscosity ratios","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Spinodal decomposition; Laplace transform; Multiphase flow; Statistical physics; Couette flow; Work (physics); Viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Applied mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Phase (matter); Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.031358929112915525,"score_gpt":0.24085418132593162,"score_spread":0.2094952522130161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036286803","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86578107,0.0000701905,0.13384862,0.000064455366,0.00004084501,0.00014160518,0.0000029818818,0.000016221764,0.00003399083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95781404,0.000007861072,0.042044107,0.00003653252,0.00007076315,0.0000024543383,0.0000057554644,0.000013701692,0.000004804008],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915993,0.000028133594,0.0003184353,0.00008608677,0.0003167485,0.00009068636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989117,0.00025054356,0.0001576389,0.00005556965,0.00055772916,0.00006681099],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012483825,0.00011769615,0.00023205053,0.000057425237,0.00008770286,0.000051085222,0.000046445628,0.0000288701,0.000001876759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002498274,0.000090137655,0.000018937897,0.00012687547,0.00007275661,0.0005275658,0.000025542657,0.000120622455,0.0000013552861],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000640161,0.000041220563,0.011908273,0.00010109977,0.00011971834,0.0000010854151,0.0004677421,0.98539793,0.00092645996,0.00063517975,0.000053439147,0.0002838414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008990005,0.000117083204,0.035137538,0.00013071441,0.00004373954,0.000012453201,0.00006838218,0.95319647,0.0006628828,0.009628628,0.000004427837,0.0000986724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008661616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010603393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09203294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027229831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003406212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3675707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036548503","doi":"10.1007/s00231-015-1514-6","title":"Fluid flow and mass transfer over circular strands using the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mass transfer; Materials science; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Sherwood number; Fluid dynamics; Physics; Nusselt number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.039447474257889255,"score_gpt":0.27775579823713115,"score_spread":0.2383083239792419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036548503","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42116776,0.0052190255,0.5712445,0.00027287833,0.00026961317,0.00033683554,0.00003431834,0.00017655625,0.0012785747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99423414,0.00043364012,0.0048090178,0.00020654968,0.00015709127,0.000017840743,0.0000067274104,0.000068565576,0.00006640958],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986524,0.00008880366,0.00029148732,0.00029256786,0.00029929072,0.00037543583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935555,0.00014921757,0.0000028689783,0.0002370206,0.000071951144,0.00018335841],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044229103,0.00030801116,0.00036412678,0.000075218595,0.00017380531,0.00010466988,0.00008904596,0.00014790746,0.000039522714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008686999,0.00023307076,0.00008544731,0.00016397165,0.00009436519,0.00030420386,0.000009757696,0.00022778541,0.000004354767],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047588875,0.00013980962,0.01792107,0.0021681092,0.0027982038,0.00015753391,0.043914687,0.51474255,0.3996115,0.005995442,0.0012809676,0.010794255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004654959,0.0000896901,0.003258217,0.00008377609,0.0007937393,0.000050305924,0.0015212141,0.94635636,0.008454986,0.0013649474,0.032509197,0.00086262263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027967168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016301592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5730664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038463357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020447947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.950435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037912088","doi":"10.1063/1.3544360","title":"Fluctuating lattice-Boltzmann model for complex fluids","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Tekes; Academy of Finland; Alfred Kordelinin Säätiö","keywords":"Thermostat; Statistical physics; Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermal fluctuations; Thermal; Complex fluid; Mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.09254997772396742,"score_gpt":0.2816561882046626,"score_spread":0.18910621048069517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037912088","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45395693,0.00021900453,0.54195595,0.00008495249,0.00016022658,0.00015677506,0.000009831474,0.000078782185,0.003377529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783132,0.000013937484,0.021123284,0.00009413513,0.0003942931,0.000002056753,0.0000012889475,0.000033092612,0.000024710453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991896,0.000011628837,0.0003682612,0.00004965164,0.00019696925,0.00018389228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992154,0.0002508328,0.00011628638,0.00014870237,0.00021535775,0.000053408494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023186304,0.00012922342,0.00023760003,0.000016824113,0.000053209533,0.000010260781,0.00025028852,0.00003781926,0.000009643376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056317425,0.00008945387,0.00012157394,0.0000804311,0.000065320004,0.0001716979,0.000041307787,0.00019297455,0.000007225132],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017893623,0.00010472649,0.00006123305,0.00017122859,0.0005141378,0.0000013014443,0.013025057,0.25151458,0.7155329,0.0040316805,0.00958386,0.005280371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047045518,0.000021960706,0.000054743155,0.000022608405,0.00014120483,0.000005856172,0.000096283235,0.9003299,0.062544875,0.03605461,0.00013206335,0.00012542905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.3516993e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.5685556e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.652988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038694696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012888031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36478227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038521374","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21950","title":"Lattice boltzmann method for natural convection with multicomponent and multiphase fluids in a two‐dimensional square cavity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Natural convection; Multiphase flow; Rayleigh number; Thermodynamics; Combined forced and natural convection; Mechanics; Convection; Thermal; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.010702183298015451,"score_gpt":0.24242435834071077,"score_spread":0.23172217504269532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038521374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926159,0.000655719,0.00586627,0.00037273762,0.00019724353,0.00025266875,0.0000055858836,0.000024666408,0.000009248667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97877234,7.9208115e-7,0.021022545,0.000049311493,0.000103115155,0.00001632103,0.0000020574455,0.000027620523,0.000005898512],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992236,0.000014298924,0.00027702877,0.00008941475,0.00012725948,0.000268397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991037,0.00037999902,0.00004190511,0.000084471256,0.00016306507,0.0002268146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023410995,0.00015429573,0.00023268162,0.00014312538,0.00005419513,0.000048273378,0.00008996021,0.000042116575,0.0000069345538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013250625,0.0001114315,0.000045241843,0.000117740776,0.00004022501,0.0001897259,0.000009955679,0.00033260664,0.0000012809567],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029076213,0.000007768077,0.0006539928,0.00009024611,0.00011465301,0.00001537529,0.0007197604,0.8979704,0.099140525,0.00011102223,0.00010419804,0.0010429813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015044273,0.000019415473,0.0024661566,0.00009840901,0.000038227263,0.00012419317,0.000032881147,0.98285645,0.012466102,0.000051927822,0.0001747956,0.0001670033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015073778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007405099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08667442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022352286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005078948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4544045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038646562","doi":"10.1115/imece2010-39004","title":"Investigation of Heat Transfer in Microchannels With Asymmetric and Periodic Slip at the Walls","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Slip (aerodynamics); Mechanics; Materials science; Microfluidics; Fluid dynamics; Heat transfer; Fabrication; Silicon; Boundary value problem; Mechanical engineering; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.012267173522401168,"score_gpt":0.20290363373626552,"score_spread":0.19063646021386435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038646562","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973939,0.00021135419,0.00051273254,0.00021258404,0.000043215347,0.00014701899,0.000002191728,0.000037762373,0.0014392287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956244,0.000023131432,0.00021112425,0.000051039064,0.000013290644,0.0000083595905,0.000001449557,0.0000112527605,0.00011790303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995961,0.000009013924,0.00013016793,0.00008211837,0.00008880355,0.00009378812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974597,0.00009896222,0.0000034805694,0.00009805368,0.00002859623,0.000024941428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010245961,0.00007934578,0.00010775849,0.000098651144,0.00003581914,0.000011574603,0.000039321534,0.000038090504,0.000030532596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009822885,0.000048024805,0.000011966111,0.00027211642,0.00008906616,0.00008023464,0.00001306926,0.00009517582,0.0000055821665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046047233,0.000017638142,0.31929862,0.00028837242,0.00013543954,0.0000030216029,0.019289402,0.030612472,0.62612855,0.0012949369,0.00046043494,0.002425042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016710255,0.000075083866,0.6224953,0.000043746757,0.000047217454,0.00001612399,0.0007770355,0.028401904,0.34502694,0.00015524421,0.00095374,0.00033667087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050765855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009457057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30319667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013070874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005417249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19583946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039046333","doi":"10.1002/num.21722","title":"Immersed finite element methods for parabolic equations with moving interface","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Interface (matter); Finite element method; Partial differential equation; Jump; Mathematics; Crank–Nicolson method; Applied mathematics; Diffusion; Crank; Parabolic partial differential equation; Mathematical analysis; Numerical analysis; Computer science; Geometry; Structural engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.08820141757212326,"score_gpt":0.42511304576422493,"score_spread":0.3369116281921017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039046333","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005531153,0.00047853988,0.99539495,0.00021394585,0.0012067147,0.0015604727,0.00008602369,0.0003620254,0.00014424195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.45245284,0.000006091323,0.54591393,0.000042732918,0.00032576866,0.0010340519,0.000072224335,0.0000715295,0.000080841026],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974129,0.00043565966,0.0007413338,0.0003532111,0.00020186773,0.0008550034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9915651,0.0074007073,0.00016974333,0.00037043722,0.00021797058,0.0002760319],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087732385,0.00040070456,0.0005968999,0.00017186964,0.0004444534,0.00009385507,0.0002026271,0.00013231255,0.00016897634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019261831,0.0003516409,0.00027167093,0.0004174142,0.000082475606,0.00037157684,0.0000710222,0.00020172856,0.000024963852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003530313,0.00062152615,0.00018395671,0.00027569014,0.0016779554,1.2026418e-7,0.00494809,0.365481,0.05565845,0.070820875,0.00028697637,0.49969235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012507914,0.00017373187,0.00032300653,0.000022057897,0.0005280133,4.1957557e-7,0.00023444077,0.95467305,0.021057025,0.0016290254,0.019625096,0.00048334934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000142455265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004044828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58919203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013430737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003420567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039053275","doi":"10.1115/imece2010-40750","title":"Considerations on the Numerical Implementation of the Lattice Boltzmann Method for Phonon Transport Modelling","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Mitacs; Advanced Micro Devices","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Miniaturization; Computer science; Statistical physics; Phonon; Boltzmann equation; Lattice (music); Computational science; Materials science; Physics; Nanotechnology; Mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.0453868585602934,"score_gpt":0.32668612335151587,"score_spread":0.28129926479122247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039053275","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1604593,0.00001045242,0.8336359,0.0018391463,0.00033979217,0.0006525349,0.0000333275,0.000101279395,0.0029282647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95272183,0.0000021171297,0.046823557,0.00023881526,0.000055191143,0.000069578826,0.0000034422626,0.000019137216,0.000066313936],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993331,0.000023840475,0.0002671301,0.00010530424,0.00014167448,0.0001289661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986863,0.0009290166,0.000043003158,0.0002272504,0.00009506905,0.000019334688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028894146,0.0001014209,0.0001224589,0.000024793844,0.00018568638,0.000013735359,0.000080991114,0.000039185128,0.00018169258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029895768,0.000058492773,0.00008818969,0.000093352246,0.00002758393,0.00007603696,0.000008877447,0.0001424937,0.0000050642875],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000717238,0.000020877958,0.00069073634,0.00002803512,0.00011668216,1.0481036e-7,0.0018781878,0.85257125,0.0053634127,0.13732834,0.0012909432,0.00070424087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004113742,0.000018413739,0.0034978732,0.000005607059,0.00009206132,0.0000013724234,0.0007528828,0.94308,0.0420545,0.006741037,0.0032119744,0.00013288046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049163544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014715844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79226255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011531528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018624556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23852661},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041350872","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2007-37063","title":"Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Oxygen Transport in the Tube Flow Cells Containing Biofilms","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Arizona State University","keywords":"Biofilm; Shear stress; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Substrate (aquarium); Thermal diffusivity; Rheology; Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Shear flow; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Geology; Bacteria; Physics","score_opus":0.016870971807398927,"score_gpt":0.24916994233759346,"score_spread":0.23229897053019452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041350872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8762321,0.00022117072,0.11889179,0.00005459451,0.0001275323,0.0002317836,0.000004903341,0.00010431096,0.0041318564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99680585,0.00001065756,0.003030379,0.000069466674,0.000035816975,0.0000025920615,0.0000042586225,0.000014734116,0.000026218499],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992069,0.0000147660685,0.0003242983,0.000109265085,0.00016764287,0.00017710747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994334,0.0003652311,0.000018849616,0.000119233446,0.00003456149,0.000028734474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040283962,0.000111387155,0.000178601,0.00007658727,0.00003164547,0.000007754404,0.000064162654,0.0000576029,0.000034145294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000150687765,0.00008209953,0.000033357464,0.00020884987,0.000029068688,0.00010501186,0.000006666225,0.00008410412,0.0000055976075],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020813848,0.000012191772,0.0077282656,0.000026652957,0.00002097797,0.0000044928206,0.0029014288,0.98403645,0.0025537678,0.000044872082,0.0000294979,0.002620591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041621513,0.000027276423,0.07400561,0.000010699442,0.000013660307,9.021817e-7,0.00069217663,0.92127883,0.0028644698,0.000022794307,0.00055951806,0.00010781481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002468707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032931817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12057382,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018268776,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000042838974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33479217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041777283","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2012.03.080","title":"Non-body-fitted Cartesian-mesh simulation of highly turbulent flows using multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Old Dominion University","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Cartesian coordinate system; Polygon mesh; Turbulence; Mathematics; Airfoil; Reynolds number; Geometry; Large eddy simulation; Flow (mathematics); Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.023733738568563256,"score_gpt":0.28787407290062683,"score_spread":0.2641403343320636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041777283","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047316752,0.00017268395,0.95043725,0.000040101826,0.00007557635,0.0012047567,0.00001668549,0.0003664823,0.00036972453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48734665,0.0000050259596,0.5122663,0.000022958615,0.000107009415,0.0001134124,0.00003052062,0.00006440127,0.00004372615],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982403,0.000034171666,0.00071685173,0.00025668996,0.00035795933,0.00039403467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978279,0.0006975348,0.00032865576,0.00065723545,0.0003305442,0.00015815093],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031068167,0.00034617662,0.00051146396,0.00021586679,0.0001913021,0.000045685778,0.0002518252,0.000119805925,0.000019896082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023457724,0.0003250079,0.00009816941,0.0006157983,0.000060617516,0.00035981627,0.00006897763,0.00016082815,0.00010993364],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040091136,0.00024282563,0.00029766822,0.00032656387,0.0002624126,4.0307128e-7,0.0027864063,0.99115336,0.0025420138,0.0014240954,0.0000979181,0.00086232886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005975021,0.00001666069,0.0013683679,0.00010786396,0.00027937433,0.000009437643,0.0001260165,0.9952366,0.00092321343,0.00020919483,0.00078016677,0.00034562044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000061132655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012856659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4400299,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013757919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002868278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999202},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043561882","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2010.05.022","title":"Double dispersion, natural convection in an open end cavity simulation via Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Buoyancy; Prandtl number; Lewis number; Natural convection; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Rayleigh number; Materials science; Thermal; Thermodynamics; Physics; Convection; Mass transfer","score_opus":0.03538978054679235,"score_gpt":0.3744796657934015,"score_spread":0.3390898852466091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043561882","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906973,0.00006987084,0.003973244,0.0003953046,0.0031874792,0.00010558245,0.000002461167,0.00002440682,0.0015443045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99397445,0.0000058216347,0.0055322023,0.00007730821,0.0003577557,0.000001821023,0.0000017131988,0.000008779945,0.000040160132],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986803,0.000058753943,0.00039328146,0.00013853672,0.00057826703,0.00015086621],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907136,0.00022748683,0.00018399702,0.000081223574,0.00037346405,0.00006247326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012854245,0.00010951165,0.0001618709,0.00022882377,0.00010582762,0.00027348072,0.0008925729,0.000052098396,0.00014776968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007581479,0.00008658863,0.00004646206,0.00021320366,0.00010068115,0.002468356,0.00011490467,0.00031961873,0.000009324556],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014889323,0.000071948656,0.023555398,0.000004015914,0.000059453912,0.0000142596145,0.0011176748,0.8796194,0.07723063,0.0006742121,0.000023891229,0.017480224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013184068,0.000092084054,0.16765572,0.000032061824,0.000018078255,0.00005232763,0.00025028575,0.82190406,0.005884597,0.0010612241,0.0015312624,0.00019986427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017230982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058041577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14410032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085678366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003738654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3530982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043715947","doi":"10.1063/1.4770310","title":"Simulations of dilute sedimenting suspensions at finite-particle Reynolds numbers","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Western Canada Research Grid","keywords":"Physics; Reynolds number; Scaling; Amplitude; Domain (mathematical analysis); Mathematical physics; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.030166322516734227,"score_gpt":0.2690314553222792,"score_spread":0.23886513280554494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043715947","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922569,0.00025153338,0.004670106,0.000024145706,0.00018861437,0.00009669105,0.000023017968,0.00009860251,0.0023904077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99854016,0.000009965195,0.0011817872,0.000010820962,0.00011294722,0.0000032814276,0.000010842269,0.000026953616,0.000103226805],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916667,0.000015412425,0.0003014306,0.00007957989,0.00019553358,0.0002413755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917656,0.00036009328,0.000055101133,0.00024547116,0.00010409407,0.00005866212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009313016,0.00011179924,0.00020411251,0.000026576477,0.000074638876,0.0000044424846,0.00007120902,0.00003359966,0.00004510483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059863618,0.000117448406,0.00007690817,0.00024905664,0.00005994396,0.00029733297,0.0000894511,0.000055927347,0.00004146051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008395998,0.00013563901,0.124113455,0.00009491867,0.00021887831,2.4065574e-7,0.0040890463,0.62628764,0.2349607,0.008983569,0.0005762119,0.00053127896],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009373125,0.000030435094,0.04107371,0.000072976094,0.00021626784,5.5461146e-7,0.00026606963,0.5270796,0.42629752,0.0015170985,0.0021029462,0.00040550198],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000107346095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003941346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19133681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039430157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005544348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4789407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043812528","doi":"10.1139/p02-055","title":"Unsteady hydromagnetic flow of a viscoelastic fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Viscoelasticity; Mechanics; Viscosity; Pressure gradient; Suction; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Flow velocity; Thermodynamics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.0101858614242916,"score_gpt":0.18036225643458476,"score_spread":0.17017639501029316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043812528","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929185,0.0016815631,0.002616353,0.00007934626,0.00037045564,0.00010933267,0.000034034696,0.000021370133,0.0021690293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99918145,0.000020092028,0.00045445576,0.00002719307,0.0001864504,8.640504e-7,9.088343e-7,0.000029923745,0.000098661156],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916613,0.000019416579,0.0002872659,0.00007592915,0.00022202237,0.00022925687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992352,0.000048618167,0.00009157022,0.00015305277,0.00019274608,0.0002787866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006197213,0.00014975657,0.00028408447,0.000108389184,0.00006684856,0.000033167376,0.00014498025,0.00004308733,0.000083721425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019994215,0.00012803264,0.00006557367,0.00021409302,0.000073584524,0.00019017332,0.0000060431553,0.00021558891,0.000019408608],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008768361,0.00003086229,0.0018172588,0.000109573026,0.00028779652,0.00016146462,0.0023485085,0.9847858,0.0049234633,0.0001987073,0.002598345,0.0027294452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0104026515,0.0036259093,0.046279676,0.0023150295,0.0018659399,0.0010620903,0.001909104,0.8717769,0.047951214,0.0017300043,0.008009859,0.0030716215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010920976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015712002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11300891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012121369,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009432138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52210194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045260830","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21707","title":"Numerical simulation of a pitched‐blade turbine stirred tank with mirror fluid method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Impeller; Blade (archaeology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Turbine; Turbulence; Rushton turbine; Turbine blade; Continuous stirred-tank reactor; Computer simulation; Grid; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.01699432128459626,"score_gpt":0.24365587015968512,"score_spread":0.22666154887508885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2045260830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87947345,0.0021090023,0.117005065,0.00045107803,0.0004447938,0.00018653797,0.000011310457,0.00007569876,0.00024307203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98960996,0.0000012609809,0.0101277055,0.000022876136,0.00018297629,0.0000021570627,0.0000013258611,0.00004263179,0.000009098374],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989179,0.000016633743,0.0004058113,0.000060082886,0.00024005436,0.00035953673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889827,0.00032848475,0.00009421848,0.00015203396,0.00014930425,0.00037767514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030967587,0.0001720286,0.00032308014,0.00013798855,0.00003385546,0.000018589357,0.00018323684,0.00007534341,0.00003266341],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021981478,0.00012315756,0.00008298515,0.0002913594,0.000040561357,0.00020550833,0.000008942284,0.00031092018,0.000003294289],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013941432,0.000005393736,0.00034549832,0.000047540783,0.0001471767,0.0000044502153,0.000799466,0.960065,0.0381713,0.00006157618,0.000070981936,0.00026766988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007346632,0.0000431069,0.0023609987,0.00014682717,0.00016947892,0.00012004555,0.000050424493,0.875343,0.117882945,0.000035873458,0.0027889742,0.00032361582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001678476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022058031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11013653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019897766,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000076846576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50222194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046077451","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2011.03.061","title":"On the lattice Boltzmann method for phonon transport","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; HPP model; Discretization; Phonon; Boltzmann equation; Lattice (music); Statistical physics; Mean free path; Isotropy; Physics; Boundary value problem; Lattice gas automaton; Condensed matter physics; Ballistic conduction; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Mathematics; Scattering; Quantum mechanics; Electron","score_opus":0.0498622924268604,"score_gpt":0.29127114917337105,"score_spread":0.24140885674651064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046077451","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.059335176,0.00005435251,0.93728757,0.00016437237,0.00031970456,0.00012227197,0.000011331649,0.000029071365,0.0026761363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92014915,0.0000037613054,0.079274654,0.00022806208,0.00029070012,0.0000042656384,0.0000026412786,0.000022526134,0.000024247445],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992559,0.000023002682,0.00031088063,0.000056034503,0.0002519646,0.00010224565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850017,0.0009469713,0.00013395597,0.000068499685,0.0003168414,0.000033584438],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029286192,0.000104095125,0.00017305848,0.00003679679,0.00007305746,0.000009995819,0.00012506224,0.000024497358,0.000017800034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026464293,0.000073086005,0.00014495474,0.00010187714,0.000021482974,0.00015312037,0.000005074421,0.00014047249,0.00001157946],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053841348,0.000051733987,0.0000591624,0.000022808928,0.00022095634,0.0000019225147,0.0012357546,0.93759286,0.000031662374,0.0563898,0.002104714,0.0022347663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088811305,0.00016268487,0.0144063225,0.000046036326,0.00013961556,0.000011764542,0.00013045938,0.3596413,0.0010737332,0.62132066,0.001992529,0.00018677807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.514618e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4455176e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.860814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029146297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025726284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29803607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046344942","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21695","title":"A new model of turbulent fibre suspension and its application in the pipe flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Turbulence; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Dissipation; Turbulence kinetic energy; Pipe flow; K-epsilon turbulence model; Kolmogorov microscales; Kinetic energy; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Reynolds stress; Thermodynamics; Suspension (topology); Classical mechanics; K-omega turbulence model; Mathematics","score_opus":0.015298623422236046,"score_gpt":0.20474681405341058,"score_spread":0.18944819063117455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046344942","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98909694,0.0029266092,0.007089355,0.00063430815,0.000060319147,0.00010161345,0.0000018511124,0.000009174248,0.00007982308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910593,0.000009608785,0.0007241699,0.000026853026,0.00011604291,0.0000014124862,4.7448773e-7,0.0000118012595,0.0000036795382],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999476,0.0000055871674,0.00020560782,0.00003140281,0.00011399976,0.00016740944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962217,0.00007884192,0.0000343199,0.000082833576,0.000037444574,0.00014437846],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002240802,0.00007729464,0.00012227002,0.0000664951,0.000018046834,0.000010325613,0.0001257691,0.000040380724,0.000002685679],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051509724,0.000051191437,0.000029022543,0.00011116121,0.000010864515,0.00010929473,0.00000763812,0.00019112354,9.4181485e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024920298,0.0000017844133,0.0001007237,0.000030817373,0.000017120974,9.621424e-7,0.0020769853,0.95070475,0.0457909,0.0005026362,0.00018477268,0.0005860413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019851913,0.0000044282856,0.0005171664,0.00005230101,0.000023765038,0.000045451834,0.000036219604,0.9742921,0.024299903,0.00013223973,0.0003175434,0.000080353704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081732534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006174011,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023587342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007336761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040903855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20875262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046643828","doi":"10.1121/1.3588676","title":"Prediction of sound absorption characteristics of orifice plates with mean flow using the lattice Boltzmann method.","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Body orifice; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Mean flow; Turbulence; Materials science; Acoustic impedance; Duct (anatomy); Computational fluid dynamics; Porous medium; Acoustics; Physics; Porosity; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.04178275674927084,"score_gpt":0.2622937357538792,"score_spread":0.22051097900460837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046643828","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28246203,0.00018762524,0.7167269,0.00012221691,0.00020616528,0.00013799749,0.00003363665,0.000016101723,0.000107337226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8919988,0.00020878072,0.1075789,0.00005816049,0.00012124193,5.934416e-7,4.7423262e-7,0.00002279524,0.000010218753],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847454,0.00015336435,0.0006545097,0.00006638401,0.00048577806,0.00016540675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99760616,0.00086956803,0.00074700767,0.00029945417,0.00044030178,0.000037486196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009313814,0.00015085294,0.0004092131,0.000022245997,0.00013534764,0.000007609297,0.00036727687,0.000065787375,0.000022462784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013329824,0.000071382005,0.0002193184,0.00028060717,0.0005553659,0.00013509818,0.000076735596,0.00036348694,6.6038405e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000697502,0.00025796992,0.0035165271,0.000552314,0.0029792925,9.500473e-7,0.036921732,0.86303186,0.085157454,0.000049481543,0.0013212335,0.0055136685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040329236,0.00023522721,0.019898128,0.0001711929,0.0015639758,0.000042140215,0.0064864187,0.96582556,0.004558246,0.00059698505,0.000109140325,0.00010972279],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000377991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.894894e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6095368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051648065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003190746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2910874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048099779","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/362/1/012043","title":"Thermal Lattice Boltzmann models derived by Gauss quadrature using the spherical coordinate system","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Argonne National Laboratory; Victoria University; University of Victoria","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Legendre polynomials; Prandtl number; Mathematical analysis; Gauss; Quadrature (astronomy); Distribution function; Statistical physics; Hermite polynomials; Laguerre polynomials; Position and momentum space; Mathematics; Gaussian quadrature; Cartesian coordinate system; Classical mechanics; Applied mathematics; Mechanics; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Nyström method; Quantum mechanics; Integral equation","score_opus":0.03677703413074208,"score_gpt":0.2528611628368832,"score_spread":0.21608412870614113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048099779","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7863587,0.0026219948,0.2073727,0.00021231442,0.001017167,0.0001676786,0.000021726515,0.00011817303,0.0021095285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99741054,0.000050435916,0.0018017625,0.00003775207,0.00059583975,0.000002822228,0.0000016403528,0.000039970768,0.00005925437],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986558,0.000092853435,0.00043257454,0.00008680383,0.0003658336,0.00036613605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989074,0.00011256184,0.00026406543,0.00019974832,0.00040405945,0.000112186266],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025141423,0.00024938874,0.00040906048,0.000021620288,0.00019352019,0.00013238369,0.0002659454,0.00008602162,0.00001262429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016658745,0.00016827397,0.00012274226,0.00017959962,0.00012830856,0.0017780318,0.00006257558,0.00042127774,0.000007140367],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019098674,0.00015107516,0.0012407573,0.00049643667,0.0012871695,0.000020915099,0.018308021,0.67481816,0.23875512,0.053618014,0.0023057177,0.008807652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002977267,0.0003524553,0.0046212813,0.0011555634,0.0015647938,0.00040772173,0.06793665,0.5366486,0.37002352,0.005842102,0.005990537,0.0024795253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000061255005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012384799,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21105179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096916185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047346224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68620133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048451634","doi":"10.1063/1.1637351","title":"Slow flow through a brush","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Mechanics; Cylinder; Particle image velocimetry; Annulus (botany); Brush; Couette flow; Shear flow; Flow velocity; Vector field; Velocimetry; Slip (aerodynamics); Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Geometry; Turbulence; Materials science; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021828294698274894,"score_gpt":0.25261452339081475,"score_spread":0.23078622869253984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048451634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50027734,0.0014792416,0.45443273,0.00021956395,0.00067345693,0.0002578639,0.000040564166,0.0007415149,0.04187773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851207,0.00004890606,0.014545865,0.00004165231,0.0001715742,0.0000058771857,0.00000429815,0.000025851568,0.000035243476],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994719,0.0000034537923,0.00014889575,0.00008797535,0.00014884406,0.00013895314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968565,0.000028832528,0.000014008488,0.0001938384,0.000057308545,0.00002039151],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000026838534,0.00010522908,0.0001646138,0.000012838183,0.000030478359,0.000008385629,0.0000860842,0.00002789113,0.000008836414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009473314,0.00010631776,0.000064911976,0.00014936486,0.000039166145,0.00021188408,0.000028248909,0.00006186749,0.00008505223],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042148095,0.00005330977,0.00021740745,0.0001008062,0.00013924496,0.000001777158,0.003370275,0.9511455,0.015527169,0.023090411,0.0010932423,0.0052566184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0062017753,0.00021488064,0.010637452,0.00033776215,0.00027140614,0.0000052581404,0.0005267247,0.21293491,0.370224,0.37040648,0.02649555,0.0017438078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013160877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001324616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7382106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034847282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010659075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43355125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048840464","doi":"10.1115/imece2010-38347","title":"Investigation of Interstitial Velocity Field Inside Micro-Porous Media","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Materials science; Vector field; Porosity; Flow velocity; Field (mathematics); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.020060799702529324,"score_gpt":0.23266481744949966,"score_spread":0.21260401774697033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048840464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98823625,0.000018775847,0.0020868576,0.00013108365,0.0006759585,0.00005379117,0.0000028480265,0.00016235175,0.008632094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99408305,0.000004336997,0.005633172,0.000121604215,0.00010529174,0.0000025464585,0.0000040978825,0.000009763558,0.00003614778],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995727,0.000005407418,0.00017944825,0.0000700177,0.00008763463,0.000084806634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995818,0.00018268614,0.000023106042,0.00011858045,0.000058980382,0.000034817043],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000065504406,0.00007225162,0.00010592964,0.0000500775,0.000019336341,0.000008096734,0.00006389331,0.00006708184,0.00015252166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001405329,0.00006752792,0.000022443004,0.000073440926,0.00004757732,0.000104627274,0.0000297775,0.00013815191,0.00002847676],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027331433,0.000017045624,0.0558108,0.00020381153,0.00018373178,0.000007073505,0.010827332,0.0029521373,0.89095664,0.006006175,0.019350408,0.013657511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005472021,0.000032854172,0.07816973,0.00002448902,0.000029903791,0.000004964564,0.00030778872,0.0106235705,0.9057261,0.0024945142,0.0017540553,0.000284859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004869942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000398223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022358928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009481062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000092627115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27537087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048959266","doi":"10.1103/physreve.73.047702","title":"Pressure boundary condition of the lattice Boltzmann method for fully developed periodic flows","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Periodic boundary conditions; Boundary value problem; HPP model; Statistical physics; Boltzmann constant; Boundary (topology); Lattice (music); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.02224386015504366,"score_gpt":0.3232859043514434,"score_spread":0.30104204419639974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048959266","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25462696,0.43131128,0.25475258,0.0061385557,0.00221992,0.0120498175,0.00096340966,0.0014748893,0.03646259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881637,0.00082892546,0.009560418,0.00038999724,0.0003716671,0.0002557076,0.000036958627,0.000050890787,0.00034173028],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990861,0.000066827175,0.00031493584,0.00015126307,0.00020897869,0.0001719123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991688,0.00031541658,0.00008471511,0.00025734364,0.00014951022,0.000024221421],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020808155,0.00015839658,0.00041166588,0.000015682064,0.00010918622,0.000018175304,0.00015614636,0.000026574926,0.000024782648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014086766,0.000109668414,0.00019835142,0.00020236833,0.000046376605,0.00011762546,0.000044810356,0.00010250201,0.000023739547],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012702426,0.001162549,0.0015581666,0.11420896,0.0029292696,0.0000058154524,0.003025945,0.24785647,0.07398756,0.19210777,0.21434784,0.14868264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005929363,0.000032071977,0.016082522,0.0012717596,0.0009313421,0.0000026259574,0.000016402588,0.1077911,0.0025883021,0.01068205,0.859618,0.00039088435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007210371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000897119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7335368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022606708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002791002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4472148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050443656","doi":"10.1016/j.mri.2007.01.048","title":"Volume flow rate distribution in flow (non-Newtonian) through porous bone structure","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Non-Newtonian fluid; Porosity; Mechanics; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Medicine; Composite material; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.005388520220672385,"score_gpt":0.22290454446620378,"score_spread":0.2175160242455314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050443656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8038343,0.047140207,0.13984202,0.0009265548,0.0014971744,0.0008414659,0.00023828195,0.0007870807,0.004892924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856579,0.00016774221,0.013033797,0.00015030062,0.00021007477,0.000012862217,0.000064690335,0.000060681887,0.0006419783],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981143,0.00002852964,0.00052670256,0.00036327614,0.00026933473,0.00069787714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993454,0.000090850604,0.00005254924,0.00035905873,0.00008600501,0.000066098306],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032909232,0.000307702,0.0003307688,0.00008486563,0.000114831695,0.000083930994,0.0001610362,0.000080015176,0.00013105024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000087277775,0.00032537463,0.00005445436,0.0005145079,0.00009705462,0.00040870407,0.00007129154,0.0003213531,0.00006904135],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086581436,0.000050475777,0.09448769,0.00020555065,0.000017129576,0.00056414894,0.003363996,0.21589729,0.008213823,0.00011141909,0.0105364565,0.66646546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084852,0.000014804671,0.39317364,0.00008639556,0.000013527491,0.000022268192,0.00014031136,0.5434872,0.0005724246,0.0005448427,0.06074227,0.000353814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000082486076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013324026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66611165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002475504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020481102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052207530","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechflu.2015.03.008","title":"On the origin of numerical errors in the bounce-back boundary treatment of the lattice Boltzmann method: A remedy for artificial boundary slip and mass leakage","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Boundary value problem; Slip (aerodynamics); Hydrostatic equilibrium; Mechanics; Physics; Statistical physics; Boundary (topology); Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.07947039552947288,"score_gpt":0.30230555739329656,"score_spread":0.22283516186382368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052207530","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6259828,0.0058636195,0.35377073,0.0050934395,0.0027200952,0.0017090447,0.00010301019,0.00005545275,0.004701778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916494,0.00014507708,0.007517085,0.00022514701,0.00028289086,0.000006705001,0.0000016177291,0.000071799645,0.00010030323],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970304,0.0010004026,0.00093154685,0.00016120101,0.00061398186,0.00026251932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99795336,0.0009518888,0.0003533467,0.0004135614,0.00024929782,0.000078565514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004255974,0.00025405292,0.00049070275,0.000112246256,0.00015409917,0.0000765964,0.00046829737,0.000043273194,0.000011292938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005068794,0.00013135513,0.00022727372,0.00031468956,0.00010189074,0.00013218015,0.000058483347,0.00030327064,0.000008017903],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007256932,0.0035178221,0.0023303127,0.0012693539,0.006912279,0.00062360923,0.17968172,0.24943216,0.08430873,0.31162757,0.07018376,0.08285575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012735642,0.009855598,0.0040638456,0.001069796,0.0018807654,0.00041105034,0.019127911,0.3911169,0.019488214,0.08404055,0.4547239,0.0014858543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000044942612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059357226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38454014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014732343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000117186304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53565073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052415042","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2013.02.020","title":"Filter-matrix lattice Boltzmann simulation of lid-driven deep-cavity flows, Part I — Steady flows","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Vortex; Mathematics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Statistical physics; Mechanics; Filter (signal processing); Physics; Computer science; Turbulence","score_opus":0.019051417030699007,"score_gpt":0.25891477400377355,"score_spread":0.23986335697307454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052415042","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09902246,0.00013905679,0.8970901,0.00008362721,0.000102429716,0.0016662788,0.000028588474,0.0005285154,0.0013389809],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78754044,0.000018326982,0.21150461,0.00003099739,0.00013880321,0.00055144174,0.000047166068,0.000074371776,0.00009386514],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982783,0.000027933482,0.0006992498,0.0003059116,0.00036104184,0.00032753334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99777013,0.00065182097,0.0002271528,0.0008396478,0.0003746142,0.00013663646],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012826655,0.00032670455,0.0004791613,0.00014810366,0.00016343301,0.00008780511,0.00035571048,0.00010480131,0.000069591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023891778,0.00029714283,0.00009398288,0.00045238293,0.0000753571,0.00033095977,0.00010974124,0.00017384085,0.00037705473],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023359444,0.0001301604,0.00024183662,0.00041796872,0.0001707954,4.793515e-7,0.0014305918,0.9925593,0.00021585783,0.0015759992,0.00059625576,0.002658414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004279481,0.000030939813,0.0008706353,0.00009843882,0.000121722165,0.0000035017545,0.0001988926,0.99229103,0.0001093763,0.0015368238,0.0039895843,0.0003210768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000574845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000122839765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6885179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007651007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020540552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053090189","doi":"10.1007/s10915-013-9772-2","title":"High Order Spatial Generalization of 2D and 3D Isotropic Discrete Gradient Operators with Fast Evaluation on GPUs","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scientific Computing","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stencil; Speedup; Discretization; Isotropy; Computation; Computational science; CUDA; MATLAB; Computer science; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Algorithm; Mathematical optimization; Parallel computing; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.01307449341854714,"score_gpt":0.23940681611918824,"score_spread":0.2263323227006411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053090189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9490015,0.00010593502,0.049683265,0.000049971222,0.0009061424,0.0001599001,0.0000013087371,0.000014525578,0.00007744476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943046,0.0000042075585,0.0055190707,0.000007868789,0.00012647692,8.8885236e-7,0.000002976668,0.000011824021,0.000022117902],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987912,0.000043053315,0.00040060113,0.0001195229,0.0005170247,0.00012859004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998831,0.000047535625,0.00021725187,0.000099984456,0.00075317855,0.000051072802],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045709088,0.00010196187,0.00018381755,0.00020668816,0.00015253459,0.0001450285,0.000073200594,0.000023073075,0.00003247749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004724296,0.00007414058,0.000023462642,0.00028962208,0.000072473646,0.00023637443,0.000031027237,0.00008876534,0.000003462092],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048724833,0.000013918621,0.00456483,0.000025646399,0.000049592625,7.2300037e-7,0.0010422991,0.9749835,0.0032020616,0.000083546074,0.00016706467,0.015861908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006970079,0.00010491375,0.06849193,0.00012804152,0.000050157672,0.0000074034137,0.00021153984,0.9288456,0.0012149207,0.000050706178,0.00009994121,0.00009787763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024987283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014360091,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0639271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006756739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027549984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3023365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053947473","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.100.186103","title":"Wetting on Nanorough Surfaces","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nautical Research Society","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Wetting transition; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Slippage; Phase transition; Materials science; Phase boundary; Surface energy; Contact angle; Surface (topology); Phenomenological model; Physics; Condensed matter physics; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Statistical physics; Phase (matter); Thermodynamics; Geometry","score_opus":0.031133348574843303,"score_gpt":0.28238917500736777,"score_spread":0.2512558264325245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053947473","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98382264,0.0086553125,0.00012570377,0.003013224,0.00014773983,0.00020007355,0.0000023885766,0.00035040718,0.0036824846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858965,0.004865307,0.00015463724,0.008837102,0.00018042627,0.00001747595,0.0000022474896,0.000025998783,0.00002028257],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928015,0.000024859124,0.00015994885,0.00013874307,0.00020527845,0.00019100647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955875,0.00017728351,0.000026464988,0.00018196942,0.000016090986,0.00003946168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005322083,0.0001463774,0.0002808128,0.000015798478,0.000077694574,0.0000064929814,0.000091244365,0.000005129533,0.000014772751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041899137,0.000121104866,0.0001005558,0.00014835468,0.0000400641,0.00010295418,0.000020124286,0.00011929736,0.00059837033],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013003206,0.00025327245,0.0045277225,0.0068955002,0.000570465,0.00015435962,0.0027315225,0.5293301,0.051124636,0.0016952798,0.38452607,0.01817813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015736469,0.00014827223,0.056032266,0.008394005,0.00039032928,0.000038585524,0.000043274333,0.11896853,0.008499914,0.000292013,0.8026342,0.0029849582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014889758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6992618e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41810814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033252283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023581838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76910394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054166107","doi":"10.1115/icmm2003-1040","title":"Interfacial Electrokinetic Effects on Fluid Flow in Microchannel by a Generalized Lattice Boltzmann Model","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Microscale chemistry; Electrokinetic phenomena; Poisson–Boltzmann equation; Debye length; Nanofluidics; Mechanics; Surface charge; Electrohydrodynamics; Materials science; Debye–Hückel equation; Fluid dynamics; Boltzmann equation; Poisson's equation; Electric potential; Electrolyte; Ion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Mathematics; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.00982826857991987,"score_gpt":0.22667201895131223,"score_spread":0.21684375037139236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054166107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91662985,0.001381281,0.05907236,0.00011402707,0.0003586035,0.0005430679,0.000011045139,0.0005439726,0.021345781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99362344,0.00007000977,0.0043600886,0.00041169234,0.000047856942,0.00006638767,0.000009045303,0.000067684385,0.001343821],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864393,0.00006105478,0.00031978378,0.00029624766,0.00019396775,0.00048502148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948955,0.00013728111,0.000021330115,0.00023429614,0.00003975328,0.000077801575],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013938933,0.00030839143,0.00033583588,0.00016656311,0.00005128335,0.000037752998,0.00012395298,0.000115545256,0.000043240932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000076980294,0.0002960354,0.000068156456,0.0002562042,0.000018865348,0.0001183547,0.000023562206,0.0002089397,0.00016476864],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049835275,0.00007200944,0.00008674693,0.00009482768,0.00008774676,0.000007540394,0.0006118488,0.8515861,0.127535,0.0020645477,0.017002223,0.00080158684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017908323,0.000074856056,0.00006631232,0.000033523487,0.000023693156,0.0000025394859,0.0000242862,0.84610444,0.14810601,0.00071793323,0.0026674953,0.00038808162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008580091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026439593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.076993555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013963947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012988212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055570281","doi":"10.1016/j.cattod.2011.12.011","title":"Towards the simulation of the catalytic monolith converter using discrete channel-scale models","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Catalysis Today","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; FPInnovations; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"AUTO21 Network of Centres of Excellence; Networks of Centres of Excellence of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monolith; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computer science; Mass transfer; Work (physics); Channel (broadcasting); Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Process engineering; Simulation; Mechanics; Catalysis; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.040124912121916025,"score_gpt":0.26351765267528743,"score_spread":0.2233927405533714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055570281","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8920157,0.0012612615,0.103753164,0.00013279707,0.00055686076,0.00038826567,0.000036931397,0.00012396785,0.0017310865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995911,0.000009171358,0.00006208327,0.000044497636,0.00013239839,0.000012593089,0.000012524231,0.00003266638,0.00010293076],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897873,0.00003818892,0.00030587785,0.00012556567,0.00027139616,0.00028025973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999102,0.00010352894,0.00008655668,0.0005803628,0.000076602344,0.00005094633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023180526,0.00016637403,0.00024497692,0.000056492183,0.00012439534,0.000021993299,0.00024437837,0.00006210514,0.000010582886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026336573,0.00009935537,0.00016147806,0.00034849695,0.000102712635,0.00046069676,0.00012912873,0.00010925885,0.000015529733],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002537514,0.000010077907,0.0009476271,0.00002553958,0.00014034042,7.526908e-8,0.006081869,0.99180347,0.0002978196,0.00006752502,0.000038539794,0.0005845953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015040189,0.0000023328805,0.007731987,0.000018047716,0.0002538367,0.0000010570043,0.00037142637,0.9870474,0.003815868,0.00024739743,0.00021985314,0.00014039176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000635033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010295947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10757547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009065219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000129016635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40515944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2056220427","doi":"10.1115/imece2013-64772","title":"Simulation of Multiple Confined Impinging Jets on a Heated Plate Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Isothermal process; Physics; Thermal; Jet (fluid); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Turbulence","score_opus":0.04875240523583518,"score_gpt":0.314453916321545,"score_spread":0.26570151108570983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2056220427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6568531,0.00008427846,0.33856487,0.00013725374,0.0001939699,0.00062281406,0.0000053929307,0.00041737748,0.0031209255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851831,0.0000028886777,0.014453216,0.00012575992,0.00005174178,0.000014440493,0.000004192433,0.000042954325,0.00012169738],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988201,0.00006957058,0.00042495952,0.00017988341,0.00022983737,0.00027560498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975135,0.0018443125,0.000084115185,0.00030554752,0.00020501175,0.00004756582],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027037557,0.0002085149,0.0002776,0.00012534355,0.00014146011,0.000047900718,0.00012240332,0.000077235476,0.00015316186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023039535,0.0001490906,0.00007505852,0.00029250488,0.000035652833,0.00024237968,0.000047339112,0.00014598765,0.00006149858],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009544911,0.000011624069,0.0005527664,0.000033872482,0.0001076686,4.7447244e-7,0.00070097507,0.9823255,0.014943811,0.00021036908,0.00005165024,0.0010517564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005514707,0.000018495923,0.003962241,0.00004123954,0.00004156136,9.58082e-7,0.00030904668,0.984199,0.010242053,0.00014338914,0.0003155637,0.00017497409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019306355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013092987,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055940687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008951016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6079738},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2057092708","doi":"10.1016/j.compchemeng.2013.08.013","title":"Investigation of the accuracy of the extrapolation method for the lattice Boltzmann simulation of viscous fluid flow in a Maxblend impeller system","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Extrapolation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Impeller; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Boundary value problem; Fluid dynamics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01778990937658025,"score_gpt":0.24183227161605897,"score_spread":0.2240423622394787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2057092708","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4283307,0.00023920854,0.57007843,0.00009746272,0.0003684595,0.0007961025,0.0000072791063,0.000060441158,0.00002191434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98097116,0.0000027450376,0.018878141,0.000012017126,0.00006171492,0.00004072974,0.0000023731786,0.000028044808,0.0000030554338],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988722,0.0000318998,0.00057335466,0.00013493303,0.00022061364,0.00016695942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99756265,0.0017470816,0.00016335708,0.00035638167,0.00014512955,0.000025412997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002526816,0.00016349963,0.00026934844,0.00006550686,0.000033576984,0.000013377361,0.00030090756,0.000084258514,0.0000020887835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022945653,0.00010371957,0.00013397068,0.0003924537,0.000048560883,0.00016466787,0.00010119971,0.00014238028,5.8863355e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040800437,0.0000028456695,0.00021722335,0.0004390644,0.000050722185,2.2384995e-8,0.0007355219,0.86766636,0.12965912,0.00016953287,0.000041096664,0.0010144182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033564772,0.0000047495582,0.0059357807,0.00025658956,0.000042834177,8.5531343e-7,0.00007410328,0.90774786,0.085422546,0.00005340757,0.000034889465,0.000090749934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021129581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.20181e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5526405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008399151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014891607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42295614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058949845","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2012-72316","title":"Assessment of the Hydrodynamic Boundary Condition at Open-Porous Interface Using Pore-Level Flow Simulations","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porosity; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Porous medium; Materials science; Penetration (warfare); Interface model; Slip (aerodynamics); Interface (matter); Penetration depth; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Computer science; Optics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.05002248890454466,"score_gpt":0.3401159896839432,"score_spread":0.29009350077939855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058949845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9370013,0.00009184103,0.048018023,0.000037684615,0.00045960495,0.0003900302,0.0000957028,0.00008790717,0.013817934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912478,0.0000019016815,0.007398793,0.00003474759,0.00004097921,0.0000052236505,0.000026134705,0.000029502928,0.001214929],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915636,0.000037127655,0.0003004017,0.00010380303,0.0001953524,0.00020696002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940544,0.0001182635,0.000074612006,0.00029505356,0.00006630151,0.000040339877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015641228,0.0001373262,0.00018670727,0.00004650546,0.00021356881,0.000040124436,0.00018866218,0.000049092276,0.0005251885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020445304,0.00010518709,0.000045777255,0.00015677628,0.00006239619,0.0005048151,0.00032681262,0.00009025851,0.000028651093],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015092961,0.000030074038,0.006766646,0.0000223677,0.000078906785,1.4074476e-7,0.0002561553,0.98102134,0.01114449,0.0002965731,0.00028449454,0.00009731316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029597754,0.000005931063,0.07454109,0.00002361247,0.00004930985,0.000004945825,0.00006635195,0.9226646,0.0013871545,0.00011589861,0.0007087434,0.00013637698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000187792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045514524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.067774445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033758275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025403297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57504463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060261071","doi":"10.1115/imece2007-41151","title":"Simulation of Flow and Conjugate Heat Transfer in a Macro-Channel via Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Thermal conduction; Fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Forced convection; Macro; Physics; Materials science; Computer science","score_opus":0.019702644976633283,"score_gpt":0.28675129598850346,"score_spread":0.2670486510118702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060261071","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28467914,0.00028996367,0.7120389,0.000036146295,0.00008169583,0.0002058201,0.0000051754078,0.00012423575,0.0025389362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889583,0.00002329247,0.010818914,0.00007064441,0.000031751835,0.0000040257287,0.000003488615,0.000029431789,0.000060171882],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989581,0.000028658878,0.00043157753,0.00017363294,0.00015770725,0.000250289],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990361,0.0006868093,0.0000076736205,0.00013534012,0.000074650925,0.000059427413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005649179,0.00016555986,0.0002891657,0.00018175013,0.000031511627,0.000011456384,0.000048701182,0.000093388306,0.000036267335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035573343,0.00015902819,0.000040223607,0.00024347125,0.000034146175,0.00020055992,0.000019474792,0.00011039835,0.000008843794],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038044935,0.000017395962,0.0008367656,0.00010192204,0.000045615987,0.0000046377986,0.0018117602,0.99056953,0.0038721075,0.00019447187,0.0000072948355,0.002500426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009019985,0.000023557186,0.01013437,0.000023544218,0.00002772304,0.0000019342378,0.00018612633,0.97897434,0.008912388,0.00040054455,0.00023614476,0.00017730403],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055295095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022187186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7042791,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034186305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003775384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6484981},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060501768","doi":"10.1115/pvp2003-2091","title":"Fluidelastic Instability of Flexible Tubular Cylinders Subjected to Two-Phase Internal Flow","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Instability; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Piping; Two-phase flow; Internal flow; Phase (matter); Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.02124520941600387,"score_gpt":0.2885889976737013,"score_spread":0.2673437882576974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060501768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7564612,0.00009372287,0.220727,0.00001678781,0.00033585206,0.00020094335,0.000008174672,0.0002930808,0.021863231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99140126,0.0000021155988,0.008205529,0.00004649597,0.000021014064,0.000012658956,0.0000025746945,0.000026018919,0.00028232596],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989356,0.00003320069,0.00040010086,0.00018606355,0.00020184244,0.00024321918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929315,0.00013894174,0.00002167686,0.0002846882,0.00015199579,0.00010957805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018846906,0.00016271256,0.00024508778,0.00012783665,0.00003440736,0.000015796295,0.00009955426,0.000042130767,0.0006868206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025752664,0.00015273911,0.00006431273,0.00034163482,0.000037588266,0.00012297477,0.00003256486,0.000097693664,0.00010590505],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012375838,0.00030098308,0.010116836,0.00016603833,0.00046149018,0.00001316846,0.0028484983,0.9382817,0.035739057,0.0065171095,0.0017067987,0.0037245285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01193137,0.00057394616,0.018876713,0.00014232684,0.00022091481,0.00002232821,0.0027496172,0.47330728,0.4776177,0.0018685784,0.011108583,0.0015806421],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003205079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004235117,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46497446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008577646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022609622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75202036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060585303","doi":"10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30309","title":"Pore Scale Simulation of Two-Phase Fluid Flow in Berea Sandstone Core Using Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Microscale chemistry; Porous medium; Fluid dynamics; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Materials science; Geometry; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04235096768950382,"score_gpt":0.3637997434858181,"score_spread":0.3214487757963143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060585303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8782314,0.00008638073,0.11713501,0.00002054272,0.00032439939,0.00025557732,0.000019668383,0.00020923841,0.0037177752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8916357,0.0000036178435,0.108055405,0.000030597705,0.00010621818,0.0000052551136,0.000019678037,0.000045857243,0.000097654825],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863434,0.000031224816,0.0005530765,0.00023794484,0.00026001004,0.00028339747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989231,0.00040543952,0.000074386364,0.0003547373,0.00016348402,0.0000788401],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042477722,0.00022605862,0.00039771042,0.0002393244,0.00006238426,0.000021066824,0.00012175313,0.00013175167,0.00020588777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010406828,0.00022084112,0.00007600649,0.00043002493,0.000056470228,0.0003339777,0.00006010621,0.00026112932,0.000015189826],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000240227,0.00006745652,0.0039502024,0.00006023075,0.000038366048,0.0000049139,0.00073703326,0.92563695,0.06571753,0.00025483913,0.000040420295,0.0034680387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020879207,0.000020019232,0.0025603638,0.000027727723,0.000056643963,0.000005448623,0.00013582708,0.98250574,0.011673024,0.00040503236,0.00028315609,0.00023910135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000944627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003701409,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056868788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049337807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001996812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9005639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062589667","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2008.07.007","title":"Gridless spectral algorithm for Stokes flow with moving boundaries","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Spectral method; Boundary (topology); Flow (mathematics); Mathematics; Domain (mathematical analysis); Stokes flow; Algorithm; Fourier transform; Fast Fourier transform; Mathematical analysis; Spectral space; Geometry","score_opus":0.021536843291343987,"score_gpt":0.26117503438833767,"score_spread":0.2396381910969937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062589667","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0037311886,0.00044732343,0.9946065,0.0000066855973,0.0005181014,0.00027556528,0.0000059484873,0.00032491927,0.00008376359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.039335843,0.000077519864,0.9602138,0.000018143757,0.0002071459,0.00007653271,0.000004053893,0.00006223749,0.000004713198],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990838,0.000008861777,0.00023279586,0.00023940155,0.000100772566,0.00033436043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953157,0.00020804774,0.000022042772,0.00014892359,0.000024930381,0.00006451126],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028271336,0.0002435916,0.00034651297,0.00014681427,0.00013979102,0.000073061456,0.000095002884,0.00007329051,0.0000013689186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006416613,0.00023652526,0.000032830092,0.00017838647,0.000020241947,0.00007866941,0.000063305335,0.00017747743,5.2628695e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007355183,0.000009447586,0.00000787131,0.0001531243,0.00008374032,0.000008735084,0.0012032866,0.82056904,0.001185903,0.015454517,0.00003156481,0.16128542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006079412,0.000026521133,0.00011556329,0.000032988763,0.000014810748,0.00002149607,0.000045037796,0.99312985,0.0015362162,0.0010332025,0.0031301982,0.00030615303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013402309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014390995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17256084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056066598,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013366154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.964522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062784754","doi":"10.1007/s00231-003-0442-z","title":"A Lattice Boltzmann model with high Reynolds number in the presence of external forces to describe microfluidics","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Microchannel; Electrokinetic phenomena; Microfluidics; Mechanics; Physics; Statistical physics; Pressure gradient; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.018049502245740277,"score_gpt":0.23399805940517515,"score_spread":0.21594855715943487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062784754","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8517345,0.00061329163,0.14489773,0.00011379647,0.000036040383,0.00023676452,0.000008485945,0.00003070283,0.0023286785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963093,0.00022383993,0.0031234806,0.00014818822,0.000011561485,0.00003136528,6.536577e-7,0.00001913674,0.00013248678],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929374,0.000028539858,0.00017634938,0.00013407324,0.00016855133,0.00019874285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967843,0.00009041739,0.0000030510448,0.00014873015,0.000039176353,0.000040192594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001456552,0.00013164467,0.00017546675,0.000038504848,0.000041343756,0.000022653621,0.000081851744,0.000045697896,0.000010647909],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000713199,0.00008985964,0.000022397051,0.00015091093,0.000044180906,0.00013460258,0.0000050698454,0.00009664662,0.0000029948512],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044935316,0.00020678762,0.067420945,0.0010805535,0.00023956138,0.000059714243,0.053045362,0.5999761,0.19766259,0.07710635,0.001960105,0.00079253234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016533006,0.00094467646,0.08450266,0.0020713375,0.0010201826,0.00023835302,0.0097579295,0.3479688,0.47976074,0.017959984,0.0352349,0.0040074526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034166293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047599555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28209814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001153376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000964048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.366437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063434112","doi":"10.1007/s10237-014-0606-4","title":"Prediction of cell growth rate over scaffold strands inside a perfusion bioreactor","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Scaffold; Bioreactor; Microchannel; Materials science; Biomedical engineering; Mechanics; Process (computing); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Biot number; Spheroid; Computational fluid dynamics; Tissue engineering; Biological system; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Cell culture; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.028848094275492484,"score_gpt":0.22105317893417742,"score_spread":0.19220508465868494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063434112","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8922013,0.00019549574,0.10687648,0.000012595276,0.00033451576,0.00012911111,0.00003716858,0.000085685366,0.00012762914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99841684,0.000675315,0.00076954515,0.000024943403,0.000047127123,0.000010359173,0.000026084466,0.00002426642,0.0000055338887],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991081,0.000047059522,0.0003419629,0.00022565725,0.00006659462,0.00021063746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996483,0.00006378464,0.000049311497,0.00013548363,0.00006148753,0.000041667365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003987007,0.0001628659,0.00027532512,0.00027005564,0.00003812914,0.000008244237,0.000070276714,0.00019861881,0.0000071914124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027049446,0.00014931934,0.000037956488,0.00015993224,0.000015561855,0.000061774874,0.000058375812,0.000091959606,0.0000017618418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021278933,0.000024905827,0.00008661861,0.00008908492,0.000013005021,4.1284343e-7,0.00022893799,0.008448527,0.98749244,0.00276904,0.000009719921,0.0008160324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006933983,0.000107635424,0.000056564688,0.000032044663,0.000016410464,0.000001115378,0.00004661477,0.9221919,0.07249086,0.004168977,0.00007245951,0.000122006546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046924713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025613159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9150016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027426304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008375955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6089066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063745237","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/81/54002","title":"Shape changes and motion of a vesicle in a fluid using a lattice Boltzmann model","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Europhysics Letters (EPL)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of British Columbia; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Vesicle; Flexural rigidity; Shear flow; Membrane; Rigidity (electromagnetism); Classical mechanics; Materials science; Simple shear; Physics; Fluid dynamics; Chemistry; Shear stress; Composite material; Turbulence","score_opus":0.03677662038859331,"score_gpt":0.22945937511050776,"score_spread":0.19268275472191446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063745237","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899185,0.00019228259,0.009210306,0.00020435837,0.000062170526,0.00012884258,0.0000071699224,0.000097292424,0.00017913555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99690604,0.0000572158,0.0025107726,0.00038187954,0.00008053186,0.000004896611,0.0000021283777,0.000046149424,0.0000103908305],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992039,0.000026616273,0.00019989109,0.0001882675,0.00017156464,0.00020971648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996515,0.00005190144,0.000045697052,0.00017969294,0.000036268273,0.00003495459],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005929514,0.00016068736,0.0002281426,0.00011502794,0.000060700953,0.0000110385945,0.00007308341,0.000030306092,0.0000018020372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014545749,0.00017937584,0.000032044543,0.00026141683,0.00007748739,0.00020927133,0.000056925423,0.000108432905,0.0000065836493],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012227307,0.00003134367,0.0013569845,0.00010753264,0.00003436924,0.00002531475,0.0036643054,0.5475812,0.44584882,0.0001523051,0.00010546525,0.0010801011],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044541524,0.000014783692,0.007602112,0.00003763926,0.000022008895,0.0000050855583,0.000034483473,0.9866776,0.004842481,0.00009014832,0.0000448484,0.00018342138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012890523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002502535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44100633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000395067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005625503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7314735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064643170","doi":"10.1149/1.2921535","title":"Application of Lattice Boltzmann Method to the Simulation of Multiphase Flow in the Inhomogeneous Porous Electrode of a PEM Fuel Cell","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Transactions","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Porous medium; Porosity; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Permeability (electromagnetism); Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Fuel cells; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.01798310332591871,"score_gpt":0.27119355045943927,"score_spread":0.2532104471335206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2064643170","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10960549,0.00042007366,0.88851327,0.00011823355,0.00004127449,0.000552088,0.00004395528,0.00004186769,0.00066376233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818493,0.00006157761,0.017916959,0.000026373777,0.000024075774,0.000064037136,0.000005638284,0.000021275517,0.000030767027],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989138,0.000094700685,0.00046092182,0.00013474972,0.0002455024,0.0001503032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987894,0.0006088317,0.00009140849,0.0003440633,0.00014237991,0.000023884499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031068033,0.00012718533,0.00022566534,0.0001386503,0.00008060185,0.0000034614295,0.00017428752,0.00006005768,0.000009832708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022749002,0.00009673445,0.00008586459,0.00063501595,0.00004234312,0.000083994346,0.000004371565,0.00014774164,0.0000054127954],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028028426,0.00012876649,0.00011149432,0.00009212183,0.00003793281,6.906176e-7,0.009299376,0.97880286,0.008992408,0.000018089228,0.00001258083,0.002475626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052417244,0.000055714383,0.0028907452,0.0000094935385,0.00009037738,0.0000073818683,0.00047727578,0.9719585,0.022484714,0.00007613142,0.001317922,0.000107564374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000098899574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000184746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8722438,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034938555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020360982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39447165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065662297","doi":"10.1063/1.3651959","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Three-Dimensional Thermomagnetic Convection in a Micro-Channel","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thermomagnetic convection; Ferrofluid; Magnetic field; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Heat transfer; Dipole; Body force; Magnetic dipole; Condensed matter physics; Convection; Magnetic energy; Physics; Materials science; Magnetization","score_opus":0.04336780698439597,"score_gpt":0.24285900573915783,"score_spread":0.19949119875476187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065662297","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874372,0.00016115818,0.0045825327,0.000028488143,0.00015195142,0.0003118814,0.0000037051973,0.00020168727,0.007121378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905294,0.000009662571,0.00075987953,0.000030549694,0.00003163768,0.000029691813,0.0000021848984,0.000030554314,0.000052890697],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989004,0.000006314252,0.00040169776,0.0002333905,0.00020493954,0.00025327306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993002,0.00007249986,0.00009910041,0.00009364165,0.00038512883,0.0000494525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017671374,0.00020270885,0.0002660858,0.00020088884,0.000043816697,0.000019759955,0.00012986068,0.00011494797,0.00012179874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065645676,0.0002047307,0.000045120243,0.00030042778,0.00008561103,0.0003643913,0.00005089016,0.00016427806,0.000042171127],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007250752,0.00065330317,0.6005477,0.0020231241,0.0005536119,0.000020978152,0.08564169,0.09796112,0.19427392,0.009420958,0.00052854454,0.0076500042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061550195,0.00009614997,0.20152299,0.00012114661,0.00003592459,0.000003436908,0.00039773967,0.7894098,0.003410918,0.00409622,0.00003501071,0.00025515037],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006821971,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036739086,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6914487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005033401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020844287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8348676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066092477","doi":"10.1615/ichmt.2012.procsevintsympturbheattransfpal.1910","title":"Vortex Structures in Three-Dimensional Turbulent Lid-Driven Cavity Flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceeding of THMT-12. Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium On Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer Palermo, Italy, 24-27 September, 2012","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Physics; Instability; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Statistical physics","score_opus":0.013974548938829441,"score_gpt":0.22779911543669495,"score_spread":0.21382456649786552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066092477","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97795534,0.0011667365,0.00012608484,0.0010147672,0.0026418646,0.0009481041,0.00010982349,0.00014443805,0.015892869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976481,0.00015431497,0.0007810361,0.00009625132,0.00037378422,0.000061629435,0.000013093086,0.00008105252,0.0007906981],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965745,0.000014134255,0.0010165657,0.0005129389,0.0011615887,0.00072022487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988965,0.00012492263,0.00015346686,0.00017100974,0.00041947523,0.00023465943],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045674393,0.00062169624,0.00070561597,0.0003476942,0.00015258111,0.000070411304,0.0006560648,0.00025545733,0.00011803562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003781818,0.00050023705,0.0003109623,0.00030808558,0.00025202116,0.0011978098,0.00015563547,0.00055837934,0.0000103471275],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011303071,0.0014193312,0.6816203,0.0039172387,0.002419088,0.0000052336886,0.010095219,0.09036488,0.17850728,0.019666523,0.009670179,0.0011844168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0115771135,0.0008939049,0.40529296,0.006118724,0.0013185214,0.00026854614,0.0014904272,0.32608145,0.2056167,0.017423252,0.018994061,0.004924328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024965006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022611219,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27632734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001925101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002880132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067099969","doi":"10.1063/1.2390708","title":"General continuum boundary conditions for miscible binary fluids from molecular dynamics simulations","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Marangoni effect; Molecular dynamics; Mechanics; Boundary value problem; No-slip condition; Periodic boundary conditions; Materials science; Slip (aerodynamics); Fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Statistical physics; Boundary layer; Convection; Condensed matter physics; Boundary layer thickness","score_opus":0.009696314422235942,"score_gpt":0.24850059403451621,"score_spread":0.23880427961228026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067099969","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9339447,0.00043863687,0.06440113,0.00024056595,0.00018895572,0.00010725712,0.00020312061,0.000042717274,0.0004329137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99676615,0.000005449237,0.0022382454,0.00006544671,0.00071937434,0.000002390237,0.00010792528,0.000032617736,0.00006241743],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992122,0.000017859142,0.0003609096,0.000060195387,0.0001882168,0.0001605989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991121,0.00038344366,0.00010376079,0.00015125742,0.0002103065,0.00003912567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007488938,0.00012979493,0.00021995476,0.000024829917,0.00009249137,0.000032281067,0.00016282745,0.00005118058,0.000010626457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023700033,0.00010313079,0.00014215348,0.00012055732,0.000099413024,0.00015819512,0.000027933476,0.00017625619,0.000003794855],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018315157,0.000041472777,0.0000897591,0.0000107272235,0.00012693387,0.0000015567242,0.00008102777,0.43284577,0.5593319,0.0010853905,0.006310672,0.000056481553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00114524,0.000031410127,0.00051244465,0.00003361307,0.00033974356,0.000005493504,0.00003972794,0.653358,0.19103639,0.15162304,0.0016439897,0.00023094556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006455546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000202401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3682955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011994506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032680062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42055517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067154036","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2014.10.058","title":"An efficient parallel immersed boundary algorithm using a pseudo-compressible fluid solver","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western Canada Research Grid; Compute Canada","keywords":"Solver; Discretization; Convergence (economics); Projection method; Compressibility; Scaling; Algorithm; Immersed boundary method; Mathematics; Tridiagonal matrix; Boundary (topology); Computer science; Applied mathematics; Rate of convergence; Mathematical optimization; Dykstra's projection algorithm; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors; Physics","score_opus":0.01846036332008204,"score_gpt":0.2736179801363382,"score_spread":0.25515761681625615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067154036","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2608321,0.00010387208,0.73838776,0.00001856663,0.00036203722,0.000046468307,0.0000044496946,0.000035896148,0.00020886319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84367305,0.0000030599178,0.15553202,0.00007712747,0.00067578896,6.5239254e-7,0.0000063163434,0.00002786327,0.0000041341577],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874353,0.000046985846,0.00043663525,0.000097877004,0.0004999111,0.00017504617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904925,0.00016774308,0.0001859107,0.00010701511,0.00039558669,0.00009452511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020923075,0.00015523899,0.00027510553,0.00008427173,0.00013866824,0.000083881685,0.00014079724,0.000036739195,0.000009772833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000976574,0.0001464213,0.00012047275,0.00015826181,0.000052700492,0.00033118928,0.000021911692,0.00017163408,0.000012827092],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011776933,0.00007643741,0.00008120623,0.000017049135,0.00011069432,0.000003080909,0.0003302912,0.9928966,0.0008072947,0.00052820507,0.0003019453,0.004835385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008448762,0.000053502994,0.0031641314,0.000035523066,0.00004592355,0.000020840136,0.000050525778,0.9850423,0.00013359977,0.010105005,0.000343827,0.00015997236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015914104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.9543946e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5828557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008253118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062056024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59708875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067792108","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2008.10.025","title":"Study of force-dependent and time-dependent transition of secondary flow in a rotating straight channel by the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Dimensionless quantity; Flow (mathematics); Secondary flow; Hele-Shaw flow; Mechanics; Physics; Open-channel flow","score_opus":0.017754288885694226,"score_gpt":0.2677942521309882,"score_spread":0.25003996324529393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067792108","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10989913,0.00038595014,0.8868802,0.000109921646,0.00001745015,0.0015104306,0.0008079206,0.000053929372,0.00033505665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99506104,0.00008297452,0.004474045,0.000015846295,0.000017577859,0.00027948004,0.00002114254,0.000024149114,0.000023750983],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892366,0.00006514873,0.0004003665,0.00022965754,0.00022496637,0.0001562187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990181,0.0006050203,0.00008027616,0.00015656333,0.000086493055,0.000053579322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020087586,0.00015137385,0.00030711733,0.000050405983,0.00013006803,0.000010579637,0.00008593502,0.00003780757,0.000012917981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024885243,0.00012884836,0.000019992664,0.00017133656,0.000025499854,0.00009161799,0.000044652083,0.0001625915,0.0000023846665],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023522136,0.005268262,0.000058311314,0.0021641117,0.0016417046,0.000022289827,0.09034248,0.17257224,0.110559255,0.5140008,0.0007661392,0.1023692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009600922,0.00016961088,0.00045380142,0.00001917746,0.00011308519,0.0000072670587,0.0014958698,0.98000073,0.001572488,0.015011973,0.000021111366,0.00017481022],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014063698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015751144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8851619,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013959583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001164977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52542835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067896556","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2009.02.004","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulation of natural convection in an open ended cavity","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Natural convection; Prandtl number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Finite volume method; Buoyancy; Rayleigh number; Heat transfer; Materials science; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Convection; Nusselt number; Physics; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.04008933731231639,"score_gpt":0.3548200949256747,"score_spread":0.3147307576133583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067896556","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960603,0.000118735246,0.00047879844,0.00028138145,0.0008102725,0.000069016525,0.0000021205815,0.000013276804,0.0021661092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990834,0.000008152321,0.00067401543,0.00007566781,0.00013834087,4.0567585e-7,7.3480356e-7,0.0000033592055,0.000015905423],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988771,0.000048021127,0.00040666657,0.000083867235,0.0004819026,0.00010240966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992667,0.00011294963,0.00020731667,0.000053369196,0.00032758556,0.000032094515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006161859,0.000076715005,0.0001542914,0.00021341864,0.000039389575,0.000099347206,0.00065741496,0.000029471052,0.00002479738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009027642,0.00006245292,0.00003717751,0.0001928796,0.00006667166,0.0016188833,0.000040887055,0.00012055017,0.0000020039006],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007204277,0.000051044903,0.009870312,0.0000020963264,0.00002783694,0.0000068346776,0.0008230393,0.96527696,0.015969494,0.00039138325,0.000013365297,0.007495614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082096097,0.00023242994,0.5145,0.00006300549,0.000011807472,0.000014972877,0.000310796,0.47778404,0.004381367,0.0016014285,0.00015409013,0.00012509852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022577015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033103963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5046297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085634325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003097545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2546756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069010161","doi":"10.1021/la026681o","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Model of Microfluidics with High Reynolds Numbers in the Presence of External Forces","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Microchannel; Electrokinetic phenomena; Microfluidics; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.01742079242944516,"score_gpt":0.23557333191641797,"score_spread":0.2181525394869728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069010161","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98776144,0.0008011826,0.0052815145,0.000033286342,0.000035457128,0.00012964357,0.000012146185,0.00003363782,0.0059116776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99669945,0.000058843052,0.0030153794,0.00003193417,0.00001230406,0.000009442288,0.0000012382823,0.000016302574,0.00015509156],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930614,0.000031813866,0.00021166458,0.000093251794,0.00020822656,0.0001488966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995503,0.00013256546,0.00005129081,0.00020130858,0.00005072831,0.000013842615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001697982,0.000101457474,0.00017990072,0.000047224195,0.000023478698,0.00000764678,0.00016098838,0.000041417246,0.0000067802616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025606076,0.00006943882,0.000026816464,0.00018776699,0.0000688163,0.00010806231,0.00001557931,0.00008884836,0.0000026862947],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000842062,0.0001396672,0.07453028,0.000721442,0.00016303902,0.000018160616,0.024117354,0.7855578,0.053476986,0.058367543,0.0024902811,0.0003332191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008104668,0.00040199832,0.1913229,0.0011216163,0.0004958283,0.00007210789,0.012947188,0.35077238,0.40779448,0.015714256,0.009231378,0.0020211986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006398721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032910117,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43478543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001325669,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009782266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28316328},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071301727","doi":"10.1080/10916466.2010.501358","title":"Equivalent Reaction Constant for Isothermal Reactive Flow with Power-Law Kinetics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science and Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Isothermal process; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Péclet number; Power law; Mechanics; Constant (computer programming); Steady state (chemistry); Scale (ratio); Chemical kinetics; Thiele modulus; Chemistry; Chemical reaction; Kinetics; Diffusion; Mathematics; Physical chemistry; Physics; Computer science; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.012389010744125507,"score_gpt":0.24268873978448086,"score_spread":0.23029972904035534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071301727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96889836,0.00052651827,0.010107513,0.0007362576,0.00031385614,0.0002242439,0.000016124783,0.0005167686,0.018660355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972384,0.000013640807,0.0026042887,0.000038252634,0.000027889591,0.00003620931,7.4897923e-7,0.00001296434,0.000027607739],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916255,0.000002866303,0.000110053275,0.00016340865,0.00017669509,0.00038444102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955046,0.000046507383,0.000033480115,0.00016707764,0.0001486189,0.000053842086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020681594,0.000108117325,0.00013098649,0.0002014284,0.00015555418,0.000020754274,0.0001038428,0.000065976055,0.0000035058554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047087633,0.00008675906,0.00001051336,0.00034138124,0.0007867854,0.00034028833,0.000047058118,0.00009484633,0.00000672781],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007523356,0.00013683584,0.0091764415,0.0000608024,0.00010820423,0.0000034898596,0.00090846553,0.0017000772,0.77168894,0.19922797,0.00020369096,0.016709844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006428825,0.0031823094,0.026735157,0.00018753811,0.00035676922,0.0005524458,0.0101808645,0.14323057,0.55114263,0.009602852,0.24589965,0.002500371],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000281151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008552337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24569596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096601965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016797776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35379317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071828597","doi":"10.1016/j.jsv.2009.06.027","title":"Sound reflection at the open end of axisymmetric ducts issuing a subsonic mean flow: A numerical study","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Sound and Vibration","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Strouhal number; Mach number; Physics; Curvature; Geometry; Mach wave; RADIUS; Reflection (computer programming); Mach reflection; Radius of curvature; Mathematics; Mechanics; Optics; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Mean curvature flow; Mean curvature","score_opus":0.03987376289382624,"score_gpt":0.3134735445063084,"score_spread":0.2735997816124821,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071828597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98537034,0.00097239006,0.012334044,0.00021436151,0.00018370112,0.00020697332,9.70799e-7,0.000014260654,0.00070297456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99920404,0.000046144025,0.00047887466,0.000042545784,0.0001754076,9.772772e-7,8.6797075e-7,0.000009058038,0.00004206804],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990901,0.0000593855,0.00041359296,0.00008119986,0.0002548189,0.00010093094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942094,0.00012684804,0.00019816254,0.00009439187,0.00012308301,0.00003660276],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048709402,0.00009715049,0.0002193667,0.00014004034,0.0001755825,0.00013067904,0.00010386067,0.000033691278,0.00001944553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000074005984,0.00006670279,0.000042882024,0.00039351228,0.00002075236,0.0005638821,0.000035888355,0.00013068687,0.0000020819375],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001798487,0.0019940098,0.08053909,0.00026365422,0.0027031547,0.000069362664,0.11528047,0.6140551,0.05698118,0.003258342,0.004383445,0.11867373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010643035,0.006354315,0.7248545,0.00020262545,0.0011276903,0.00057478616,0.015484791,0.20286813,0.007934482,0.025272211,0.0035634201,0.0011199994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000063645043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031231364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6443154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008764415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013414187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2720061},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071836129","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2014.03.033","title":"Multiphase flow modeling of spinodal decomposition based on the cascaded lattice Boltzmann method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Spinodal decomposition; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Multiphase flow; Reynolds number; Spinodal; Statistical physics; Physics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Phase (matter)","score_opus":0.02486051561474918,"score_gpt":0.30546924277846144,"score_spread":0.28060872716371227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071836129","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013011802,0.000028166603,0.99704146,0.0003788842,0.000025190127,0.00042708,0.00018660576,0.000088220346,0.0005232169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90051997,0.0000112331145,0.09907633,0.00014020434,0.00005935574,0.00013340147,0.000031557072,0.000025419191,0.000002530867],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991172,0.000058673297,0.00026034703,0.00021052045,0.00018816689,0.000165112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982372,0.0012778719,0.000046935682,0.0002434048,0.000120465935,0.00007413176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020596223,0.00015302196,0.00020794447,0.00004251505,0.00017766793,0.000025529298,0.00010281875,0.000041693733,0.000012949153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010419942,0.00012141269,0.000037988735,0.00015441036,0.000014126071,0.00005024203,0.000029347873,0.00013948925,0.000019082545],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007055155,0.000055452365,2.3857805e-7,0.00004655049,0.000021451215,7.4746275e-8,0.0000547055,0.43692464,0.0024125532,0.55712473,0.00003986947,0.0033126615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027890102,0.00004123057,0.000013616483,0.000018167959,0.00007263444,3.9615236e-7,0.000025980811,0.961341,0.0011301158,0.036547907,0.00039944676,0.00013056344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046374043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015861633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8992188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019444558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007666859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49510658},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072304426","doi":"10.3139/217.2351","title":"Three-dimensional Finite Element Solution of the Flow in Single and Twin-Screw Extruders","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Polymer Processing","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Finite element method; Mechanics; Rotation (mathematics); Plastics extrusion; Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Viscosity; Isothermal process; Extrusion; Mechanical engineering; Shear rate; Non-Newtonian fluid; Geometry; Structural engineering; Mathematics; Composite material; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.015946812114021408,"score_gpt":0.24377149974529388,"score_spread":0.22782468763127248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072304426","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98258585,0.0012668957,0.0121624665,0.0013689139,0.00091475784,0.000120340876,0.000009585945,0.000065023894,0.0015061868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845517,0.000002356669,0.0013066008,0.000078505655,0.0000840912,0.0000067635433,0.0000029578557,0.000013770131,0.000049806335],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927145,0.0000058329874,0.00023530738,0.0001151464,0.0002547684,0.000117476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997075,0.00006236672,0.000058814832,0.00007915522,0.00007216976,0.000019971942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099534795,0.000093643226,0.00008808865,0.00008800033,0.0000629244,0.000030059078,0.00011316929,0.000041512696,0.00003466612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042765772,0.000076538025,0.000026314843,0.000107398366,0.00007711266,0.00020332813,0.00007509805,0.00014588791,0.0000021466913],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007318636,0.00024143523,0.12524141,0.00023323385,0.00022367404,0.000005872577,0.003219783,0.31561154,0.33338344,0.0014998867,0.0004972691,0.21976925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062806136,0.000008817369,0.05453975,0.00014893441,0.000014596975,0.0000067992473,0.00004947641,0.9087352,0.033980425,0.0010783648,0.00063665817,0.0001729084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026465614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003369539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5931237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003945666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019620635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31211302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072839367","doi":"10.1007/s11242-008-9273-1","title":"Miscible Displacements of Reactive and Anisotropic Dispersive Flows in Porous Media","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Viscous fingering; Anisotropy; Instability; Mechanics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Dispersion (optics); Chemical reaction; Porosity; Chemical physics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Optics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.017260369975248085,"score_gpt":0.22931754414280767,"score_spread":0.2120571741675596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072839367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963878,0.0010169786,0.00008282638,0.000031572486,0.00027502302,0.00027513228,0.000060959195,0.00006388315,0.001805846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845445,0.0009192252,0.0004136649,0.000015753407,0.000042509902,0.000021968312,0.000055908575,0.00003689335,0.000039624378],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857277,0.000018787465,0.0005097916,0.00025491507,0.0003178265,0.0003259157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994272,0.00019310554,0.000059098402,0.00019266653,0.000040631014,0.00008727794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011212185,0.0002279495,0.00046642215,0.00021321267,0.00003085882,0.0000025117097,0.00010948079,0.00010797343,0.00004234457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035899735,0.00022810815,0.000037499743,0.00030417537,0.00012279574,0.0002108356,0.000013380513,0.00019946779,0.000007710806],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012363873,0.00016761878,0.91688585,0.00017023305,0.00009826897,0.00055311853,0.06490116,0.0146392,0.0015621753,0.00012416909,0.00009355529,0.00068098004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021673217,0.000035277375,0.99322706,0.0000912374,0.000037191643,0.000014890124,0.001723324,0.0013182899,0.00081203034,0.00015531438,0.0001441366,0.0002739509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032338488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003216812,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07634115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100231104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030480627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.930198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073818449","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.001","title":"Modeling the dynamic flow–fiber interaction for microscopic biofluid systems","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Laurentian University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Shear flow; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Immersed boundary method; Fiber; Flow (mathematics); Shear (geology); Materials science; Classical mechanics; Physics; Boundary (topology); Mathematics; Composite material; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.026456638485330128,"score_gpt":0.2824865406071366,"score_spread":0.2560299021218065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073818449","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33613414,0.00929243,0.6478152,0.000121384546,0.0062540104,0.00025182022,0.0000147466835,0.00005566876,0.000060542934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99706286,0.000183547,0.0022434613,0.000020374477,0.00038715467,0.0000056618137,0.000001607017,0.000028320377,0.000067028166],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992027,0.00001736235,0.0003990274,0.000044582208,0.00014248717,0.00019382128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994921,0.00008420214,0.00010181004,0.00010796164,0.00016604153,0.000047867816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042376545,0.00010492464,0.00017449963,0.00012194427,0.00008027053,0.000048443093,0.000108547,0.000060324222,0.0000065859554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029914978,0.00007095121,0.000098683486,0.00011628607,0.0000059905487,0.0003218852,0.00002038061,0.00013116692,0.000020425952],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057930065,0.00006624023,0.00000951532,0.00035301197,0.000630192,0.000001352192,0.0017726334,0.7690932,0.19814037,0.0002121441,0.0020979187,0.02756551],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024454048,0.000029748282,0.0000014521909,0.000061083934,0.00006693505,0.000041319432,0.00048653566,0.9868192,0.0022879364,0.000069097005,0.0098115755,0.00008054131],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015264677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.9962346e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6609287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001453383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000932961,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28933063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073918479","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.02.010","title":"Investigation of flows in solidification by using the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Université de Limoges","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Lattice gas automaton; Lattice (music); Natural convection; Statistical physics; Computer science; Heat transfer; Benchmark (surveying); Porous medium; Physics; Materials science; Mechanics; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Cellular automaton; Algorithm; Geology","score_opus":0.061851359191584215,"score_gpt":0.35231102175321016,"score_spread":0.2904596625616259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073918479","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9663934,0.00040498405,0.031379867,0.00043381125,0.0005431431,0.00004615123,0.000002227054,0.000007700617,0.00078870205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901736,0.00002135387,0.009594004,0.000061930215,0.00013408427,3.674837e-7,3.931576e-7,0.0000047747712,0.000009486685],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875295,0.000052349493,0.00048199343,0.00006120232,0.0005434585,0.0001080605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908674,0.00034458874,0.00025161743,0.00004927124,0.00024150732,0.00002630285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023269665,0.00006479264,0.00010516685,0.00018202054,0.000046336525,0.00003541439,0.0004191458,0.000028173734,0.000015713624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010611169,0.000043917153,0.00004389496,0.00025581324,0.000110104316,0.00043374408,0.00002753213,0.0001064133,0.0000011942503],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031738557,0.000017345881,0.027473327,0.000008421533,0.00009467275,0.000004419367,0.0031588932,0.5513503,0.40799913,0.0007288105,0.00015045475,0.008982512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009501051,0.00008794673,0.13486232,0.00020404952,0.000056459427,0.00007839906,0.0030076932,0.638755,0.2172597,0.0028299496,0.001626003,0.00028233917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038478163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020890642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19073942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000800511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029717577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17908895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074422048","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2013.01.003","title":"Aerodynamic effects of the early three-dimensional instabilities in the flow over one and two circular cylinders in tandem predicted by the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Strouhal number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Cylinder; Mechanics; Aerodynamics; Physics; Aerodynamic force; Flow (mathematics); Tandem; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Materials science; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.008490965994821626,"score_gpt":0.2210135863295979,"score_spread":0.21252262033477626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074422048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848364,0.0013509637,0.012167625,0.00032471097,0.00029358765,0.0008667989,0.000006439874,0.000060792026,0.000092665614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99794936,0.000012620849,0.0016013015,0.00030367146,0.000037591864,0.000058795886,0.000004199663,0.000025363634,0.0000071206987],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846226,0.00030494007,0.00035920006,0.00022563609,0.00037384947,0.00027413596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99765193,0.0017945893,0.000043168908,0.00042099535,0.000058647824,0.00003064902],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005011599,0.00021529708,0.00029587632,0.00007511748,0.00010221793,0.00005767322,0.00034377762,0.00007903828,0.000006104873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007887569,0.00012802384,0.00006789777,0.00037305386,0.00020514049,0.00020199857,0.00017124435,0.00033063142,0.000002281089],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031194446,0.0002950181,0.25839987,0.0006637538,0.0007913296,0.000011165218,0.028587796,0.68143123,0.012578662,0.001311756,0.0038888603,0.012009394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078491564,0.0000214135,0.50315744,0.00007903888,0.000026351647,0.0000019043156,0.0000890639,0.495102,0.000075295415,0.00053244224,0.000033105393,0.00009703262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036774858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018564807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2447576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007562742,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017528371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.522066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074645099","doi":"10.2166/wst.2014.025","title":"Modelling clogging and biofilm detachment in sponge carrier media","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Science & Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydromantis Environmental Software Solutions (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Clogging; Biofilm; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Permeability (electromagnetism); Porous medium; Mass transfer; Penetration (warfare); Extracellular polymeric substance; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Sponge; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Porosity; Composite material; Mechanics; Environmental science; Chromatography; Geology; Membrane; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.013114543645422546,"score_gpt":0.22477929289831097,"score_spread":0.21166474925288842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074645099","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741324,0.00013272147,0.024158012,0.0003357108,0.0001807333,0.00007325463,6.663278e-7,0.00034273573,0.00064373185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972627,0.000024190365,0.0026388126,0.000024876279,0.000016078073,0.000012376298,4.1321098e-7,0.0000093665,0.000011148037],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990407,0.000006481015,0.0001628995,0.00024690022,0.00013899968,0.00040400797],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996857,0.000022613509,0.000010753133,0.00021170692,0.000029847719,0.00003936737],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004155733,0.0001048633,0.00014468194,0.00073184766,0.00010289279,0.000029790843,0.00021648755,0.00006965346,0.0000032051178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028041855,0.00008000896,0.000009219064,0.0005085113,0.00043338534,0.00019991846,0.0001695597,0.00013150561,0.000016107251],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003202427,0.000011147706,0.031352073,0.000030061803,0.000008283407,0.000010883496,0.005351571,0.8875186,0.054291286,0.005877272,0.000008734281,0.0155369025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020025826,0.000013457122,0.0008631781,0.000014046185,0.0000045290553,0.0000072710723,0.00022892572,0.92856055,0.063878976,0.0039935275,0.0020657992,0.00016948451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009226241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015502208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041041963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006230085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005912163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32626706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075889959","doi":"10.1063/1.1631439","title":"Electrokinetic microfluidic phenomena by a lattice Boltzmann model using a modified Poisson–Boltzmann equation with an excluded volume effect","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Electrokinetic phenomena; Poisson–Boltzmann equation; Microchannel; Microfluidics; Boltzmann equation; Electrolyte; Thermodynamics; Poisson's equation; Statistical physics; Mechanics; Physics; Materials science; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Ion; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.022844288396174226,"score_gpt":0.2470616090257173,"score_spread":0.22421732062954308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075889959","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.831957,0.0015240939,0.16570283,0.000038690654,0.000050538914,0.00019768537,0.0000049615974,0.00006338167,0.00046083386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980196,0.00006610193,0.0014876866,0.000071680726,0.00022519586,0.0000041470084,0.0000057693355,0.00008488174,0.000034956756],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825096,0.00015058735,0.0005041699,0.00015593036,0.00051891996,0.0004194381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881387,0.00023703657,0.00025840916,0.0003110107,0.00023906148,0.00014062886],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054133456,0.00033594784,0.00049013336,0.000051870076,0.00010507385,0.000055464283,0.0002892123,0.00008619507,0.000005630641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006300896,0.00023543602,0.00010580356,0.0003237411,0.00010056864,0.00046942974,0.000025823812,0.0004931815,0.0000064635583],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019125447,0.000077652854,0.000026611588,0.000051568793,0.00020225348,0.0000015981921,0.0006323852,0.34795457,0.64983606,0.00016194249,0.00062377047,0.00024030611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016515575,0.00025738255,0.000009847035,0.00006033292,0.00049222074,0.000043166514,0.00006413379,0.67763203,0.31513205,0.0042139613,0.00010233313,0.00034095751],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038486673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3932363e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.334704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018447512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049895752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9600802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077366986","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2007.07.009","title":"Modelling anguilliform swimming at intermediate Reynolds number: A review and a novel extension of immersed boundary method applications","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","funders":"","keywords":"Fish locomotion; Reynolds number; Computer science; Nonlinear system; Kinematics; Focus (optics); Control theory (sociology); Control engineering; Mechanics; Simulation; Engineering; Physics; Control (management); Classical mechanics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.06685290639883303,"score_gpt":0.3724080998132617,"score_spread":0.30555519341442866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077366986","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[6.2308646e-7,0.48573276,0.5133694,8.607902e-7,0.00013177967,0.0006206318,0.0000103786115,0.00008484241,0.000048721315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0000053463295,0.513849,0.48584178,0.00001489991,0.00005713327,0.00013293834,0.000015774312,0.000080950536,0.0000021386945],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975485,0.000039624403,0.0012460534,0.0005820446,0.00016891012,0.00041484466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843013,0.0006685446,0.00024141696,0.000478214,0.000055115208,0.00012658906],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018970822,0.00062587665,0.0022705686,0.00040112,0.00006841727,0.00003153022,0.0002149365,0.00034156375,0.000003676445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001858696,0.000619005,0.00018088034,0.00060981215,0.00001888224,0.00005881864,0.00048658106,0.00054870633,0.000002286547],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016686263,0.000012410569,6.770162e-8,0.053419996,0.00017226695,0.0000018217237,0.000114609844,0.034306694,0.000052447253,0.005025575,0.0000071119653,0.9068853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020176837,0.0000064571827,3.0411624e-7,0.008743255,0.0005117093,0.000041262796,0.000008113418,0.6669239,0.00001046759,0.00027200705,0.32280156,0.00047919768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002218597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.1727034e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9064061,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018938971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021624071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996261},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077852061","doi":"10.1007/s10915-014-9849-6","title":"A Sharp-Interface Active Penalty Method for the Incompressible Navier–Stokes Equations","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scientific Computing","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Penalty method; Mathematics; Navier–Stokes equations; Compressibility; Convergence (economics); Term (time); Function (biology); Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Rate of convergence; Mathematical optimization; Key (lock); Computer science; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.04068878865970547,"score_gpt":0.3407527114739631,"score_spread":0.3000639228142576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077852061","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.045378502,0.0004247605,0.9510589,0.0003176363,0.0020183877,0.00015390005,0.0000051364505,0.000043466127,0.0005992666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9552871,0.0000019863205,0.044163667,0.000022065127,0.0003256426,0.0000019098552,7.206375e-7,0.0000149790585,0.00018191573],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988168,0.000064911765,0.00046477484,0.00012712857,0.0003168215,0.00020956209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962851,0.0027199737,0.00027524595,0.00017954865,0.00048443573,0.000055697074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023206342,0.00011053474,0.00022049033,0.00014765863,0.00060822215,0.0002677857,0.00033802522,0.000027242675,0.000016011501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050164,0.00007505874,0.00013697562,0.0003062754,0.000067681016,0.00025515645,0.000094445546,0.00021532968,0.000008883185],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010263594,0.000014977871,0.000058758884,0.000037355545,0.0001175294,2.850738e-7,0.0024666162,0.9188195,0.004304015,0.00037628153,0.0025893247,0.071205094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034265063,0.000021551328,0.001024139,0.00009698164,0.000058704376,0.000009538489,0.00055278256,0.9758936,0.0031014343,0.0005770692,0.018232863,0.000088639856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022997458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005661669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9099086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006831575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028320797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46780145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078670845","doi":"10.1080/10407790.2014.949563","title":"Treatment of Transport at the Interface Between Multilayers via the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Heat Transfer Part B Fundamentals","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Condensed matter physics; Lattice (music); Interface (matter); Materials science; Boltzmann equation; Statistical physics; HPP model; Computer science; Physics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Acoustics","score_opus":0.03644866512266748,"score_gpt":0.31568045612138546,"score_spread":0.279231790998718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078670845","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6306361,0.0010374133,0.3627318,0.0014313132,0.00038878538,0.0010003615,0.00014363205,0.00026609073,0.00236449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99858505,0.000109579414,0.00054854597,0.00013781332,0.0001520695,0.00011449325,0.000023344754,0.00006588866,0.00026322363],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979072,0.00023711205,0.000655282,0.0003359481,0.000406384,0.00045803314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998099,0.0011861493,0.0000147817145,0.0005262153,0.000040190087,0.00013362269],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003261414,0.00039217522,0.0006333385,0.000040503455,0.0002797214,0.00002036955,0.00026298492,0.00010198462,0.000289737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073058427,0.00022371084,0.00030740074,0.00024238582,0.00022027837,0.0001097186,0.000020752617,0.00016382962,0.00013939242],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010770232,0.0015020572,0.16570383,0.00080144126,0.0077382145,0.000017577095,0.051580876,0.52664745,0.0663106,0.00083574624,0.0024946956,0.17529047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005131909,0.0017958456,0.06855638,0.00009681312,0.0016555676,0.000028893923,0.0011754171,0.08257864,0.27961335,0.00016058366,0.5579569,0.0012497266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013482448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048115886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5554622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021517572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008544434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9122664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078927645","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2013.05.011","title":"Efficient solvers for the IBC method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Solver; Acceleration; Fast Fourier transform; Computer science; Reduction (mathematics); Computational science; Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Algorithm; Applied mathematics; Periodic boundary conditions; Fourier transform; Matrix (chemical analysis); Mathematical optimization; Parallel computing; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Physics","score_opus":0.019390196090385885,"score_gpt":0.26273357206013415,"score_spread":0.24334337596974825,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078927645","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014044761,0.00053908,0.98216325,0.00036103753,0.0011547018,0.00046001092,0.00000255763,0.0003080768,0.0009665177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88610905,0.00001275679,0.112679355,0.0004896489,0.00030380863,0.00013824546,0.0000029920361,0.000043115782,0.00022101647],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993759,0.000013655505,0.00015273847,0.00012804616,0.00011049437,0.00021916778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895936,0.00068382325,0.000012274021,0.00023142286,0.00007180391,0.000041290994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013889559,0.00012189691,0.00013157455,0.00003789462,0.00013305999,0.000060224946,0.00018282307,0.000033259494,0.000030016237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001640748,0.00008649445,0.00008410068,0.00010223725,0.00003167119,0.00003890831,0.000062208506,0.00006288665,0.00013601646],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014988668,0.0000063870702,0.000035488807,0.000022459823,0.000105091836,2.3312295e-7,0.0007065897,0.9097801,0.0007268196,0.00075777806,0.05917405,0.02868349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002767318,0.000013331469,0.001825648,0.000007504071,0.000023704713,8.96643e-7,0.00009468586,0.97054154,0.00027620475,0.00010907763,0.026717927,0.000112742804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007765385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.5284236e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8720643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000415014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050384338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35271412},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080748362","doi":"10.1007/s11242-014-0447-8","title":"Micro-PIV Measurement of Flow Upstream of Papermaking Forming Fabrics","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Reynolds number; Materials science; Flow velocity; Freestream; Filtration (mathematics); Velocimetry; Deposition (geology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Optics; Physics; Turbulence; Geology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.020388376616625525,"score_gpt":0.21853481716176046,"score_spread":0.19814644054513494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080748362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869109,0.00061190623,0.0075647393,0.00001602718,0.0003006665,0.00016539138,0.000019412724,0.00009390493,0.004317063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969531,0.00007169957,0.002863604,0.000011860414,0.00004406432,0.000007368784,0.000010979534,0.000031968964,0.000005311081],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862343,0.000012363137,0.00060670136,0.00012407015,0.00041137665,0.00022207954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994753,0.00009787386,0.00008320818,0.00020211758,0.000102394544,0.00003912824],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004588995,0.00015466583,0.00037639253,0.00011508604,0.000015526663,0.0000017727098,0.00011895352,0.000070372014,0.000020746873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004364484,0.00015276829,0.00006674767,0.00017767222,0.000042981923,0.00008626438,0.0000067536794,0.000104694416,0.0000028241286],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058123598,0.00019665384,0.55432177,0.0016819232,0.00026374083,0.000021578639,0.026341435,0.2965593,0.048457056,0.0004997344,0.000081692364,0.07151702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043573803,0.00011715365,0.7907375,0.001194035,0.00032914057,0.000009965031,0.0014379454,0.030987302,0.1643439,0.00080775254,0.004605672,0.001072245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003300544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032069933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.265572,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054053715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016567254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.622971},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082568468","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.11.018","title":"Numerical investigation of four-lid-driven cavity flow bifurcation using the multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Chinese Aeronautical Establishment","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Mathematics; Bifurcation; Vortex; Hopf bifurcation; Vorticity; Flow (mathematics); Hele-Shaw flow; Physics; Classical mechanics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.030064770492042675,"score_gpt":0.2647112086115982,"score_spread":0.23464643811955552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082568468","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19151913,0.000072902905,0.8071582,0.00020014406,0.00039103214,0.0002466204,0.000005122072,0.0002421869,0.0001646692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7972386,0.000004056362,0.2022962,0.00014277924,0.00023094224,0.000010098761,0.000021590718,0.000037692236,0.00001803185],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842834,0.00027409496,0.0004773281,0.00025495156,0.0003259168,0.0002393788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997952,0.0011974142,0.00013276793,0.0004156186,0.0002210412,0.00008119994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005297384,0.0002294036,0.00032882273,0.00012162034,0.00019999081,0.00005070714,0.00025672573,0.00010468109,0.000014113225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016770545,0.00019769956,0.000103877355,0.00042917614,0.000101361584,0.0002870843,0.00008436808,0.00017621386,0.000041052],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063875777,0.000010653604,0.0049179867,0.00005918893,0.00010063002,3.8423906e-7,0.0016495558,0.97001874,0.012687339,0.0002106084,0.00073597464,0.009602518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040914043,0.000026793345,0.024380706,0.000050072358,0.000078244186,0.0000044991534,0.00002404445,0.97061914,0.0031070176,0.00025133154,0.0008434805,0.00020555619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004559299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030038952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60571945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117666204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023821725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8061954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083341405","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2009-78166","title":"Parallel Flow in Ordered Fibrous Structures: An Analytical Approach","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Porosity; Materials science; Microstructure; Pressure drop; Permeability (electromagnetism); Poisson distribution; Porous medium; Mechanics; Hexagonal crystal system; Range (aeronautics); Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Mathematics; Physics; Crystallography; Chemistry; Statistics","score_opus":0.027421994914465123,"score_gpt":0.2722335660443319,"score_spread":0.2448115711298668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083341405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5978004,0.0004494881,0.19845045,0.00032212268,0.00017655415,0.000589236,0.000008496836,0.0017085458,0.20049472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481653,0.000007015868,0.051463388,0.000103922976,0.0000513767,0.0000029093198,0.000011738264,0.00001299084,0.00018135448],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999265,0.0000148283925,0.00019852449,0.00016407306,0.00013412557,0.00022342704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996765,0.000026698752,0.000008174282,0.0002050396,0.000021085532,0.000062490435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005503554,0.00013368655,0.00018614261,0.00008762302,0.000027045615,0.00003216065,0.000095880445,0.00007105306,0.00007246334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018742061,0.000113275986,0.000028802895,0.00020743572,0.000015820811,0.0001653855,0.000011586091,0.00011375126,0.000017535076],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009795683,0.000030063364,0.00076227373,0.000010994153,0.000018602055,0.0000043003624,0.00044387294,0.9876289,0.000024137798,0.00440315,0.0006429396,0.0060210126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000445689,0.000026169319,0.051078483,0.0000022044962,0.000006715038,0.0000025951483,0.00017314615,0.9453783,0.000009599848,0.0023378625,0.00038011768,0.0001591284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008147309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023728522,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35036492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036246005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059213967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46192607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083801081","doi":"10.2118/138255-ms","title":"Lattice-Boltzmann Method to Estimate Relative Permeabilities for Matrix-Fracture Interaction in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Eastern Regional Meeting","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Relative permeability; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Petroleum engineering; Imbibition; Saturation (graph theory); Geology; Permeability (electromagnetism); Materials science; Porous medium; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Mathematics; Composite material; Porosity; Physics","score_opus":0.02542734147283154,"score_gpt":0.3477987651349994,"score_spread":0.32237142366216787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083801081","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94337744,0.0004863229,0.039935008,0.008085408,0.0017748359,0.0014390122,0.000027074433,0.0005659764,0.0043089027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85958844,0.0000033942224,0.13850208,0.0002564926,0.00051990524,0.00009783526,0.0000259555,0.00008249137,0.00092342607],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981446,0.000078602454,0.00053097424,0.00043188906,0.0003538605,0.00046003592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99774396,0.0014499489,0.00013147696,0.00029222612,0.000261815,0.00012057282],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006546063,0.0003417286,0.00038625774,0.00028736275,0.00014720212,0.00010206077,0.00022038458,0.0002226185,0.000031862353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007554149,0.0003197337,0.00013778445,0.00024689292,0.000044234497,0.0006183566,0.0000925013,0.00078602775,0.00006166506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047706167,0.000055146225,0.017102767,0.00046916291,0.00023802741,0.000017391358,0.015628364,0.94597846,0.010624772,0.0033493245,0.001789328,0.0042701783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025501684,0.00016355305,0.07221268,0.001057314,0.00013773638,0.00005670624,0.0051425463,0.7414157,0.0032802597,0.019681256,0.15268123,0.0016208598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055687895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006659465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2045628,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013493258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024873261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2083821024","doi":"10.1002/fld.2577","title":"Spectral algorithm for the analysis of flows in grooved channels","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Algorithm; Spectral method; Computation; Flow (mathematics); Transverse plane; Fast Fourier transform; Geometry; Chebyshev polynomials; Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Channel (broadcasting); Cylindrical coordinate system; Coordinate system; Fourier series; Mathematics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.08537280655841228,"score_gpt":0.4068918757090756,"score_spread":0.3215190691506633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2083821024","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006070414,0.00039338123,0.9904503,0.00011000121,0.0024485625,0.00021567204,0.000033955475,0.000020128402,0.00025757763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16161576,0.00010409162,0.8377488,0.00005915107,0.00030263443,0.000076637174,0.0000048337074,0.000026462514,0.0000615799],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986718,0.00008432039,0.00066277426,0.00013031227,0.00023130373,0.00021946523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998062,0.0014701331,0.000085226224,0.00010763928,0.00023190078,0.000043086413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012351301,0.00013310753,0.0003765492,0.000552992,0.000037332953,0.000027401795,0.00040346768,0.000060210314,0.000104683204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043845174,0.000099801924,0.0003289232,0.00055222464,0.000034608904,0.00014232709,0.000039178718,0.00019442294,8.6121776e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023035651,0.00019727254,0.0045995773,0.000018370743,0.00525968,0.0000132196,0.003715788,0.31987077,0.0021451232,0.002328363,0.00029346003,0.661328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007205568,0.000044068838,0.01679465,0.000014171518,0.0001655086,0.000006062875,0.00017601563,0.9734277,0.001557749,0.005260573,0.0017156424,0.00011729128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028660084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001123331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6612107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001476982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013332462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40698045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084102069","doi":"10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.024","title":"Numerical investigation of the coalescence and breakup of falling multi-droplets","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Mechanics; Falling (accident); Weber number; Coalescence (physics); Drop (telecommunication); Deformation (meteorology); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Surface tension; Classical mechanics; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Engineering","score_opus":0.008776107620071904,"score_gpt":0.18732906804372146,"score_spread":0.17855296042364954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084102069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982586,0.0010532391,0.00040671375,0.000057530164,0.00003819666,0.00011335168,0.0000034832362,0.00004257179,0.000026304211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998758,0.0001334479,0.0010608672,0.000006454994,0.000014616131,0.0000062289255,7.650543e-7,0.000012011968,0.0000075609114],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995183,0.000005324051,0.00015900173,0.0001136562,0.00008991975,0.00011383655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999697,0.00009507847,0.00002935271,0.00008064403,0.000040707346,0.000057203484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030404433,0.00011742907,0.00020589195,0.000018363055,0.00003520076,0.000017429862,0.000045461384,0.00004069021,9.379354e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002543344,0.00008999984,0.000022587945,0.00012615442,0.000102265985,0.00009020909,0.000049510276,0.000083566774,3.0033445e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017244596,0.000009828869,0.010465038,0.0003903689,0.000037808248,1.4927974e-7,0.00070575945,0.02882808,0.9589336,0.00021535669,0.000025918072,0.00038639596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003768188,0.000018389928,0.19265428,0.00018638784,0.0000241933,0.000002832812,0.000094123374,0.65936923,0.14680602,0.00026258337,0.000018059774,0.00018710132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003659157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.4984697e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8121276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009329407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004141515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3670087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084186478","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2010.02.040","title":"A two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model for uniform channel flows","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Mathematics; Boltzmann equation; Extrapolation; Boundary value problem; Richardson extrapolation; HPP model; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Geometry; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Reynolds number","score_opus":0.02070888400184052,"score_gpt":0.2563603272760644,"score_spread":0.23565144327422388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084186478","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022487165,0.000031022053,0.9736134,0.00017023248,0.00011569607,0.0012492726,0.000047775255,0.0005677637,0.001717678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.30528829,0.000002883014,0.69310594,0.00010487022,0.00015698839,0.0010547105,0.000043870437,0.000074983975,0.00016747475],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989272,0.0000029147805,0.00032776038,0.00024234455,0.00020460764,0.0002952103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871755,0.00032087948,0.000079439145,0.0005392414,0.00022215732,0.0001207148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013650159,0.00024595,0.00026328015,0.000102889986,0.00023572231,0.000059422142,0.00026492003,0.0000694936,0.0000053566146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010772641,0.00021667469,0.000068313595,0.00021176219,0.00006355514,0.00014419289,0.000066487606,0.00019376438,0.0000632832],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043266878,0.00009524945,0.0000056504505,0.00018439267,0.00010101085,3.162364e-7,0.0009797397,0.946394,0.0005434104,0.04991299,0.0010495185,0.0007293568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062064047,0.000012741704,0.00001732883,0.000025296515,0.000073802265,0.000011895331,0.000046426943,0.9757316,0.0001223171,0.021531401,0.0015397785,0.00026674787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010856165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003095731,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2828011,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031720316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000334739,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8835737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084627089","doi":"10.2118/163658-ms","title":"A New Lattice Boltzmann Equation to Simulate Density-Driven Convection of Carbon Dioxide","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boltzmann equation; HPP model; Discretization; Convection–diffusion equation; Partial differential equation; Fluid dynamics; Porous medium; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.020735140773093342,"score_gpt":0.2416719648507996,"score_spread":0.22093682407770623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084627089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91480416,0.000045760797,0.0752127,0.00022092393,0.00028174013,0.0004682325,8.8656947e-7,0.00042326027,0.008542358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99288714,0.000005505348,0.005436467,0.00009688281,0.00009734886,0.000013763402,0.0000028088855,0.000031974225,0.0014281132],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999049,0.000021027976,0.00032987585,0.00016926411,0.00022082987,0.00021001643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925596,0.000148369,0.000045803747,0.00023236538,0.00019819694,0.00011931604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007564467,0.00015836125,0.00023931761,0.00014311426,0.00003391688,0.000023663633,0.00008200869,0.00007159328,0.00012799632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007762095,0.00015506483,0.000049593975,0.0002724039,0.000013016465,0.00023466758,0.000050134313,0.000081251696,0.00027388523],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016350628,0.000020926616,0.014487744,0.000096266485,0.00020268842,0.00000142027,0.002013197,0.9177587,0.056942444,0.0011064499,0.0017481244,0.005605678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007609193,0.00007548865,0.07207409,0.000046486373,0.00008133377,0.000002364952,0.00025752225,0.8832835,0.040868685,0.0010222539,0.0011266834,0.00040064624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00095787685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012678461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.078083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077895915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013654606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.632336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084882116","doi":"10.1103/physreve.91.023301","title":"Multipseudopotential interaction: A solution for thermodynamic inconsistency in pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann models","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"FP7 Cooperation; Seventh Framework Programme; Natural Environment Research Council; Carbon Management Canada; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Pseudopotential; Spurious relationship; Statistical physics; van der Waals force; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Lattice (music); Phase transition; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.05787881722525416,"score_gpt":0.3253133261226058,"score_spread":0.2674345088973516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084882116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5145815,0.05230058,0.39468142,0.0026950394,0.003733299,0.006361537,0.00010399928,0.001619733,0.023922907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965335,0.0011148491,0.001549663,0.00014338492,0.00032805855,0.00023553582,0.000022868477,0.000044082506,0.000028036739],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987037,0.00006184771,0.0004168305,0.00026439992,0.0002504269,0.00030275958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992442,0.00015167553,0.00007193067,0.00025226368,0.00017489494,0.00010502449],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025888433,0.00023018871,0.0004737394,0.000068622496,0.000049868224,0.00002669346,0.00014594344,0.000043369593,0.000006327921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014773679,0.00021291524,0.00019621658,0.0002347253,0.000040470706,0.00053776725,0.00006383814,0.00019141448,0.00008880944],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005318848,0.0019808786,0.00032782345,0.012053868,0.0010581422,0.000045296572,0.005914181,0.74626464,0.009265741,0.051049795,0.01508702,0.15642072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008121266,0.000035055953,0.00015886889,0.0005251257,0.00012047858,0.0000048119687,0.00004637198,0.9832269,0.000032313816,0.013405212,0.001384203,0.00024852858],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027786446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035002762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48195204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018482875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029388706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86824316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086036122","doi":"10.1002/fld.1579","title":"Immersed boundary conditions method for unsteady flow problems described by the Laplace operator","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laplace transform; Operator (biology); Spectral space; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Domain (mathematical analysis); Unsteady flow; Spectral method; Laplace's equation; Mathematical analysis; Space (punctuation); Laplace operator; Applied mathematics; Algorithm; Geometry; Computer science; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.04407690977261056,"score_gpt":0.4234136306252249,"score_spread":0.37933672085261433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086036122","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009039907,0.0007905621,0.99116063,0.0017260049,0.003956863,0.0006246538,0.00018071354,0.00008427516,0.00057231204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.014599983,0.00005320933,0.98290515,0.0008861585,0.00061437907,0.00018927339,0.000052741714,0.00007563314,0.00062346435],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791974,0.00021859592,0.0008206665,0.000223912,0.000383407,0.00043366727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99521667,0.0038960776,0.0001002168,0.00014780914,0.00051058584,0.00012865996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037401624,0.00023854697,0.00033589688,0.00019967368,0.00029970962,0.00020722649,0.0005066868,0.00011637228,0.00007422358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001067895,0.00018319684,0.00023476082,0.0002592063,0.00008248423,0.0002990866,0.000054452616,0.00041964636,0.0000066339753],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008696822,0.00042007235,0.0010791367,0.00012018624,0.0026982194,0.000029269582,0.003667873,0.29870522,0.15231095,0.008679756,0.14893205,0.3824876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026474341,0.00012858091,0.00046227692,0.00006353832,0.00007885874,0.00013139486,0.0005917725,0.54031175,0.010311891,0.010656174,0.43423215,0.0003842104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009593019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059565195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38210338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004125571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051499283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74705505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086463175","doi":"10.1115/imece2004-61871","title":"Parallelization of the Lattice Boltzmann Method in Simulating Buoyancy-Driven Convection Heat Transfer","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Buoyancy; Speedup; Computer science; Domain decomposition methods; Parallel computing; Computational science; Computation; Message Passing Interface; Heat transfer; Natural convection; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Algorithm; Physics; Thermodynamics; Message passing; Finite element method","score_opus":0.020396900032458556,"score_gpt":0.27444371697153136,"score_spread":0.25404681693907283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086463175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54709435,0.00013687962,0.4466322,0.0002300066,0.0002473858,0.0003659429,0.0000027584888,0.0002041918,0.0050863023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937602,0.000021946364,0.006020151,0.000069931535,0.000034373315,0.000011299259,0.0000019547024,0.000025438716,0.000054667966],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990793,0.00005059957,0.0003743731,0.00014116315,0.00018420216,0.00017037126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953395,0.00017454164,0.000011610977,0.00018589484,0.000071254624,0.000022733202],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016548553,0.00013435652,0.00020267896,0.00008055414,0.000060529776,0.000012413223,0.000093123155,0.00007566302,0.0000329262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061468236,0.00010435451,0.000066993474,0.00040928944,0.000027272867,0.00019257364,0.000021547154,0.00012594115,0.0000085352995],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000050192093,0.000016548525,0.0053545088,0.000052875304,0.00002750982,3.851614e-7,0.0013725383,0.98588187,0.0038089964,0.0032320495,0.000007636562,0.0002400852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016643049,0.000026140098,0.06423419,0.00015273891,0.00005311053,0.0000028446823,0.00046513384,0.908036,0.023311272,0.0014200287,0.00036436523,0.00026990872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001240201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00032274475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44666588,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009504801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014024579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42554533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086852400","doi":"10.1002/cjce.5450850617","title":"Applied Lattice Boltzmann Method for Transport Phenomena, Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer. A. A. Mohamad Sure Printing, Calgary, AB April 2007","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Boltzmann constant; Humanities; Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computer science; Condensed matter physics; Library science; Thermodynamics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.010657197405020113,"score_gpt":0.22128103671079727,"score_spread":0.21062383930577716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086852400","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39003134,0.002757386,0.6038929,0.00036329645,0.00056481455,0.00052654307,0.000025721149,0.00011690477,0.0017210422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98550993,0.000017315426,0.013787727,0.000079894235,0.00046139117,0.000010039803,0.0000046094538,0.00008453199,0.000044530567],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983486,0.00000755967,0.0006164749,0.0001589935,0.0002385403,0.000629865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987785,0.00034985397,0.000037678994,0.00016973678,0.000121455894,0.00054273166],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011113377,0.0002853115,0.0004351129,0.00015664154,0.00010683572,0.00004445595,0.0002479212,0.00012432707,0.000018507728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054060958,0.00024591442,0.00013028517,0.00019464373,0.000059870843,0.000117863936,0.0000070297942,0.0004893048,0.0000016221488],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017822404,0.000028607987,0.0012616866,0.0011582229,0.0014670553,0.00013169652,0.0051219836,0.7052008,0.2715556,0.006976753,0.0008550529,0.006064344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008778882,0.0001856083,0.00619354,0.0005752877,0.001429074,0.00055334973,0.0005649002,0.5219611,0.3092994,0.0013787241,0.14611606,0.002964055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017328019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021320817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5954786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025189592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000080121805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087403858","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22161","title":"Two‐dimensional lattice Boltzmann simulation of natural convection in differentially heated square cavity: Effect of Prandtl and Rayleigh numbers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nusselt number; Prandtl number; Rayleigh number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulent Prandtl number; Natural convection; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer; Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Film temperature; Physics; Materials science; Reynolds number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.00958761281769213,"score_gpt":0.22653346505750008,"score_spread":0.21694585223980795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087403858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986267,0.0007258319,0.000148519,0.00004673859,0.00029370928,0.00010751356,0.000004522332,0.0000135898745,0.000032848227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998,9.981562e-7,0.00010247685,0.0000057166603,0.00006469781,0.0000011501844,0.0000026680395,0.000019340616,0.0000029061728],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911004,0.000034073397,0.0004026726,0.0000663812,0.00021292559,0.00017391451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991004,0.000364695,0.00009430438,0.00008201947,0.00018182278,0.00017679778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036362943,0.00013846178,0.0003412873,0.00018020463,0.000018677702,0.000013803736,0.00008214502,0.00006648465,0.0000037991579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003269627,0.00010829673,0.000056189758,0.00020046878,0.00005732369,0.0001361424,0.000012339013,0.00028952787,3.7927367e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062512016,0.0000028048248,0.0033988515,0.00010222068,0.00007837056,0.000006450926,0.00056684023,0.97410196,0.02152414,0.000024787265,0.000013420129,0.00011764552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029632573,0.00008731016,0.0058583342,0.0003372369,0.00011964296,0.000048724163,0.000030465995,0.9043169,0.085957386,0.000055354656,0.000028836275,0.00019655553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005439552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026402614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06978506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017700672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006976964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44162124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088264750","doi":"10.1021/la049293q","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Study on the Contact Angle and Contact Line Dynamics of Liquid−Vapor Interfaces","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Contact angle; Laplace transform; Mechanics; Molecular dynamics; Capillary action; Bubble; Physics; Materials science; Condensed matter physics; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023311140080086005,"score_gpt":0.2672496832221937,"score_spread":0.24393854314210772,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088264750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956725,0.00033336366,0.00025841585,0.0005757227,0.00012010068,0.00034594352,0.00003300075,0.00015209564,0.0025088582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99963814,0.000017478871,0.00005193106,0.000099454875,0.00005402819,0.00001527328,0.0000062504287,0.000028926423,0.00008852173],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992679,0.000028326289,0.00023875199,0.00014315314,0.00016052253,0.00016138925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994149,0.00022350709,0.000057544163,0.00021764777,0.000055367786,0.000030985717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001579489,0.00016434629,0.00025180422,0.000053657353,0.0000730311,0.000025820053,0.00012593424,0.000046438992,0.000017173274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050083447,0.000113060276,0.000033605327,0.000118135176,0.00003290796,0.00009132676,0.000057878868,0.00014598617,0.000026269083],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003404643,0.0061504752,0.19309267,0.0023555881,0.010087591,0.00047560906,0.23712263,0.18977463,0.055105727,0.2879459,0.0053860922,0.009098457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012182192,0.0074493513,0.855876,0.00063732493,0.0007041009,0.000029079773,0.050165717,0.03259858,0.031112336,0.0020139366,0.005349847,0.0018814834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006315273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002511185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6627834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059979517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006311487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46104643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088965053","doi":"10.1023/b:engi.0000007981.46608.73","title":"Fluid flow through various branching tubes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Branching (polymer chemistry); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.014928597846114068,"score_gpt":0.2290596495971309,"score_spread":0.21413105175101685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088965053","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1640429,0.0020195048,0.82813287,0.000022869383,0.0011612274,0.00009159345,0.0000021587814,0.00020367536,0.0043232134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7109522,0.00013822055,0.2886336,0.00001484516,0.00015800098,0.0000016367266,2.4428198e-7,0.000065386586,0.000035860503],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988041,0.000009847813,0.0006121841,0.000062111416,0.00028433627,0.00022743442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993193,0.00025867752,0.00006690854,0.00017506466,0.00011595173,0.00006408197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032304824,0.00019685405,0.00038007862,0.000115213465,0.000040413513,0.00004785819,0.00013540356,0.00006561893,0.0000324003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041531931,0.00017392625,0.0001272847,0.0001825291,0.000012747335,0.00031615997,0.00001403765,0.0002563649,0.000019821822],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.9895786e-7,0.000028401044,0.000028768689,0.0002732652,0.000181322,0.000019497435,0.0022216814,0.9886893,0.0037677246,0.0041469787,0.0005392407,0.00010291363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010925514,0.00007983375,0.00016421107,0.0005420466,0.00019864936,0.0006821522,0.00040667286,0.9552262,0.013971839,0.0056520835,0.021368692,0.000615101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.941461e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.5490862e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5469093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007448866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015531985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7092507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089075075","doi":"10.1115/icmm2004-2436","title":"A Mean-Field Free-Energy Approach to Lattice Boltzmann Method for Liquid-Vapor and Solid-Fluid Interfaces in Micro and Nanofluidics","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Nanofluidics; Statistical physics; Fluidics; Fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Energy (signal processing); Mean field theory; Materials science; Physics; Mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.020706733916038084,"score_gpt":0.28271821875126063,"score_spread":0.2620114848352225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089075075","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24123715,0.003526651,0.7468002,0.0008834582,0.00015122557,0.00050131197,0.000016688993,0.0002693575,0.006614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.77804744,0.00024143176,0.22026159,0.0008971663,0.00007597614,0.00012316131,0.0000041701146,0.00005936754,0.00028970576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987542,0.000023229451,0.00037726277,0.00036508523,0.00012935504,0.0003508524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991618,0.0003539758,0.000028538665,0.00026249833,0.000072421695,0.00012076209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031008504,0.00026348318,0.00037782177,0.00019691879,0.00007698163,0.0000726651,0.00015776591,0.00013701752,0.000004365252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015546147,0.00024273578,0.000037672402,0.0002081169,0.00003048187,0.00023146579,0.0001243719,0.00009989618,0.0000026629411],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012859931,0.000555024,0.0005831652,0.0020174014,0.0012889898,0.000020976007,0.05020002,0.2258268,0.5426626,0.14215647,0.016071144,0.017331393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007026643,0.00084381533,0.0005101536,0.00024122772,0.0001992567,0.000054902128,0.0057168943,0.089580886,0.85721684,0.0067300415,0.030143056,0.0017362701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024306016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037059767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5368103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060932864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015409285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9898478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089194763","doi":"10.1002/fld.1811","title":"Determination of permeability in fibrous porous media using the lattice Boltzmann method with application to PEM fuel cells","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Permeability (electromagnetism); Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Anisotropy; Mechanics; Materials science; Monte Carlo method; Porosity; Physics; Membrane; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.047194110715195824,"score_gpt":0.3954458300652137,"score_spread":0.3482517193500179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089194763","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09962495,0.00014655558,0.8988444,0.00021405803,0.0006204404,0.00036837492,0.000011995715,0.000029418128,0.00013978592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.38176188,0.000028148987,0.61793697,0.00006416172,0.0001321241,0.00003833681,0.0000021656326,0.000025477853,0.000010728236],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979439,0.00031296827,0.00076855905,0.00022843384,0.00050228526,0.00024389058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968868,0.002212029,0.00014601598,0.00019437024,0.0004834409,0.00007737953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016452026,0.0001895549,0.0003546969,0.0003149902,0.00007601551,0.000030076864,0.00041176187,0.00008401917,0.000011776329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007282335,0.00014406587,0.00009309353,0.00046584048,0.000074708616,0.00024397021,0.00006684944,0.00030860803,0.000001915475],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006175343,0.00027590562,0.012862734,0.00011567818,0.00018692107,0.00004624768,0.013379224,0.6990139,0.06328095,0.00069314113,0.00008374652,0.20944403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013419453,0.00013472699,0.032590054,0.00009441244,0.000050030092,0.0003379268,0.00063843565,0.9433485,0.014467245,0.0047865952,0.0018608472,0.00034924177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052946325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019905821,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28213695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041199537,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047470614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5874835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089437537","doi":"10.1103/physreve.69.021505","title":"Mapping molecular models to continuum theories for partially miscible fluids","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Mesoscale meteorology; Molecular dynamics; Spurious relationship; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Surface tension; Physics; Multiscale modeling; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Computer science; Computational chemistry; Condensed matter physics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.03275777014109846,"score_gpt":0.30298124867264975,"score_spread":0.27022347853155126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089437537","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06975414,0.02809747,0.89079505,0.0017781673,0.00019279408,0.0015251596,0.000019874755,0.00044971067,0.0073876246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99358356,0.00092450494,0.004015462,0.0009735674,0.00015265343,0.00026575083,0.000004801851,0.00003750305,0.000042184027],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992199,0.000011793605,0.00021211493,0.00017026125,0.00014500286,0.00024093712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951684,0.00008043092,0.000018878205,0.0002164172,0.00008809862,0.0000793511],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001188231,0.00015431705,0.0003665607,0.000022243157,0.000048945258,0.000023002614,0.00011516521,0.00001536613,0.000004090184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008165512,0.00013348102,0.00014419205,0.00019514111,0.000020810377,0.0001246401,0.000040734943,0.000054617394,0.000087473425],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000094820725,0.000078452125,0.0000061781475,0.0034010753,0.00021249545,0.000004373811,0.0018089324,0.5645197,0.037871357,0.38182297,0.0028262015,0.0074387635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013638241,0.00013379307,0.00009643628,0.004220476,0.000259101,0.0000019196912,0.000104448896,0.06590329,0.03944774,0.7605548,0.12678994,0.0011242322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017276569,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023636912,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92382944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037909704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011817869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5443198},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090032493","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2006-98021","title":"A Mean-Field Free-Energy Lattice Boltzmann Model for Liquid-Vapor Interfaces","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Alberta; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Surface tension; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary wave; Dispersion relation; Mean field theory; Physics; Thermodynamics; van der Waals force; Boltzmann equation; Vapor pressure; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.020470518609701675,"score_gpt":0.24980302608057925,"score_spread":0.22933250747087758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090032493","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.056525063,0.00097035756,0.86342084,0.0006354668,0.0003180295,0.00023748688,0.000030273368,0.0011318937,0.076730594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9763438,0.000026266103,0.0126767075,0.000389294,0.00021328163,0.00008424488,0.000011132884,0.00006123949,0.010194033],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988773,0.000007792976,0.00036003234,0.00023159731,0.00017638874,0.00034687328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915373,0.0002762179,0.000039433748,0.0003632108,0.00011661126,0.000050768154],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010162775,0.00023235648,0.00025137374,0.000095631534,0.00009438758,0.000054363376,0.0002376059,0.00011093349,0.00005486738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051034964,0.00021165556,0.00009324343,0.00011745355,0.000023684564,0.00029069555,0.000094430856,0.000081805265,0.000026758644],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000078512276,0.000043221346,0.000038897524,0.00009117104,0.00012308135,0.0000015866923,0.00042028155,0.8271861,0.0019794453,0.07397907,0.095395714,0.00066288974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006114072,0.00006723767,0.000021939895,0.000016300342,0.00004499756,0.0000012188792,0.00010471992,0.9585779,0.016914727,0.0067267637,0.016605217,0.00030759614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001575798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010509418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91981876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048167094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011751644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8631063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090731337","doi":"10.1002/cnm.1445","title":"Immersed boundary model of aortic heart valve dynamics with physiological driving and loading conditions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"St. Jude Medical; York University; American Heart Association; Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University; Division of Mathematical Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Eulerian path; Fluid–structure interaction; Boundary value problem; Elasticity (physics); Compressibility; Aortic valve; Dirac delta function; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.04603675181321973,"score_gpt":0.36212604115548114,"score_spread":0.31608928934226144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090731337","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10413904,0.000089794994,0.8948513,0.0000873053,0.0005939854,0.00009458484,0.000017358323,0.000061507984,0.000065121385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.58641416,0.000025289019,0.41343504,0.000025099089,0.000058505964,0.000013215235,0.0000047210083,0.000020733438,0.000003238186],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880016,0.000030897347,0.0004969417,0.00015289629,0.00026928823,0.00024980327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991546,0.0004366734,0.000072990864,0.00007155317,0.000117111085,0.00014704639],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004038382,0.00016705405,0.0003310254,0.00027854732,0.000048118272,0.000025550517,0.0001775625,0.00008942645,0.00002161433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003751381,0.00013856105,0.0001114109,0.00017934704,0.000132033,0.00018036665,0.000057726225,0.00033054667,5.6304515e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017897678,0.0003685431,0.004859314,0.00024851225,0.0017298355,0.00003906591,0.0021365327,0.84951115,0.105129436,0.007327889,0.00018309035,0.028287655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055303884,0.00008320892,0.005709818,0.00012523629,0.000030242763,0.00005567201,0.00009080298,0.98979545,0.0005934379,0.002677439,0.00011937563,0.00016627564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032117325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.7062725e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48227513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015739168,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023171004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5650356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090790325","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20081","title":"Lattice‐Boltzmann simulation of sago (Metroxylon sagu) starch solutions in porous media","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Rheology; Permeability (electromagnetism); Shear stress; Darcy's law; Starch; Newtonian fluid; Porosity; Materials science; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chemistry; Composite material; Membrane","score_opus":0.029817942730514656,"score_gpt":0.228805837923019,"score_spread":0.19898789519250434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090790325","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962432,0.00136626,0.0016855508,0.00013528387,0.00026143555,0.000078518504,0.000010812506,0.000028010958,0.0001909218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99916476,0.000013156689,0.00059764285,0.000014009686,0.00016937034,0.000001701798,0.0000021634958,0.0000322238,0.000004995296],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870026,0.000016266607,0.0005668104,0.00007484771,0.00027060957,0.00037122425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989281,0.000441695,0.00008370764,0.00016356444,0.00015632604,0.00022660597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032362007,0.0001520455,0.00031186332,0.0003755922,0.00006137049,0.00001258203,0.00023443258,0.00009213984,0.000023632076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004758718,0.00013413913,0.00008483114,0.00043606173,0.0000933434,0.00016745087,0.000017344953,0.00043390124,0.000004034959],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070100946,0.0000046018226,0.001228333,0.000029889377,0.0000508973,0.000031084684,0.0017677447,0.99205035,0.0044750147,0.000115079376,0.00006120449,0.0001787982],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012611054,0.000048554975,0.024027627,0.00024176869,0.00008489832,0.0001644432,0.00013350867,0.9598637,0.012539681,0.0003259401,0.000860593,0.00044815498],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037942413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005349789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03218662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003666308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015961203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5470035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092639814","doi":"10.3139/217.2450","title":"Three-dimensional Numerical Study of the Mixing Behaviour of Twin-screw Elements","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Polymer Processing","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Residence time distribution; Mixing (physics); Mechanics; Materials science; Residence time (fluid dynamics); Flow (mathematics); Isothermal process; Viscosity; Newtonian fluid; Plastics extrusion; Finite element method; Non-Newtonian fluid; Particle (ecology); Shear rate; Tracking (education); Rotation (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Geometry; Composite material; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.02551670952628278,"score_gpt":0.2925818405347911,"score_spread":0.2670651310085083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092639814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99496394,0.0010792598,0.0022141992,0.00005331863,0.00061763864,0.00013194549,0.0000081044,0.000044326454,0.00088725204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994196,4.3253146e-7,0.00033144184,0.000030077943,0.00013272329,0.000010427973,0.0000022103695,0.000022001266,0.000051068],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873966,0.000015018469,0.0004283239,0.00009923945,0.0005507302,0.00016702244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995057,0.000048168287,0.00015480706,0.00012206248,0.0001360584,0.000033206707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013542434,0.000118765165,0.00015581626,0.000075760334,0.000065026186,0.000013108383,0.00022201966,0.000029837502,0.000059841313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002579117,0.0000914199,0.000054204804,0.0001573948,0.000038246762,0.00026982982,0.00013009089,0.000102963815,0.0000044826056],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015755328,0.00043205853,0.97544134,0.00003832959,0.00021739997,5.682848e-7,0.0019808293,0.0111012645,0.0037026857,0.00010982394,0.00010229422,0.0068576634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001295752,0.00004448469,0.90398335,0.00019943697,0.00014601888,0.000009154037,0.00083842594,0.05630281,0.036626022,0.000087750996,0.00016929292,0.00029748972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004619167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007298503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07145797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042005817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001610368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37279952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093259703","doi":"10.1142/s0129183107010929","title":"LATTICE–BOLTZMANN SIMULATION OF DENSE NANOFLOWS: A COMPARISON WITH MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND NAVIER–STOKES SOLUTIONS","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Nanoscopic scale; Molecular dynamics; Statistical physics; Work (physics); Boltzmann equation; Physics; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.019744337933596742,"score_gpt":0.28695295553806593,"score_spread":0.2672086176044692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093259703","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4837025,0.00046929592,0.51530075,0.000038335445,0.00013977024,0.00004292595,0.000009275371,0.000016567341,0.0002805857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99492633,0.00002591572,0.004840699,0.000023476203,0.00013613037,7.6306515e-7,0.0000056353865,0.000026612814,0.000014440615],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863946,0.000016768841,0.00053986645,0.000090958456,0.00055844506,0.00015446777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985287,0.00020124087,0.000303267,0.000097575525,0.00080907875,0.000060090228],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024790704,0.00014296186,0.00026361676,0.0001446202,0.000041959072,0.000032192354,0.00015958823,0.000047487672,0.0000023705402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003421242,0.00013145113,0.00007893743,0.000106155276,0.00007525929,0.00032700266,0.00004408498,0.00017504713,0.0000015070232],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009359242,0.00006692823,0.004853481,0.000022536933,0.00045571747,0.000020748761,0.0013591795,0.97086996,0.002430605,0.0018025911,0.000008159534,0.018016474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008336348,0.00006128589,0.005187818,0.00014160096,0.000094710005,0.000026651265,0.00018362945,0.9876333,0.0020613803,0.0035822312,0.000051373085,0.00014242434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031403608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017606224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5112238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000160005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032496006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53604215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093286414","doi":"10.1121/1.2759166","title":"Numerical simulations of fluid-structure interactions in single-reed mouthpieces","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Ministério da Educação; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Statistical physics; Mathematics; Mouthpiece; Flow (mathematics); Finite difference; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Acoustics","score_opus":0.017894555005114658,"score_gpt":0.27640760858657754,"score_spread":0.25851305358146287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093286414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57915497,0.00038319035,0.41799325,0.0014858732,0.00045021562,0.00015483168,0.000026692764,0.000027774066,0.0003231999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98723555,0.000034405308,0.012429244,0.0001493558,0.00011714036,1.6644562e-7,4.168872e-7,0.000016145517,0.00001755691],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986252,0.000058147383,0.00069515064,0.000055028297,0.00037327956,0.00019316738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99769026,0.0015480535,0.0003055602,0.00020405326,0.00020312436,0.000048970727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028929525,0.0001255757,0.000336701,0.000044290206,0.00008294739,0.0000071754575,0.0003210547,0.000047969766,0.000048974453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003074102,0.00007292839,0.00024893158,0.0005100508,0.00034630919,0.00011361462,0.00006785337,0.00043525576,0.0000010458104],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004433674,0.000064927364,0.0008204463,0.000027581335,0.00017125254,3.09648e-7,0.0021177062,0.9229708,0.070696935,0.0000037744421,0.0011855473,0.0018963943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061333255,0.0001008001,0.021489667,0.00012399998,0.00029140123,0.000025978921,0.004612876,0.961385,0.009484635,0.0007042014,0.0010070913,0.00016098475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003068473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005386921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40808058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010411752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021720442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29739335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093565183","doi":"10.1615/jpormedia.v17.i4.70","title":"NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF REVERSIBLE REACTIVE FLOWS IN HOMOGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Instability; Porous medium; Chemical reaction; Viscous fingering; Homogeneous; Diffusion; Convection; Mechanics; Materials science; Convective instability; Thermodynamics; Chemical species; Viscous liquid; Porosity; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.016016874541099665,"score_gpt":0.24607043490256392,"score_spread":0.23005356036146424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093565183","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99365467,0.00077750307,0.002556998,0.00012545843,0.0010618354,0.00010025656,0.000015505797,0.000041259504,0.001666485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99618876,0.000084009764,0.003215169,0.000029873514,0.00042518126,0.0000011160242,0.0000045629213,0.000034656092,0.000016687993],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825954,0.00007465624,0.0008294092,0.000110017165,0.00048377505,0.00024259713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978102,0.0012657437,0.00031128252,0.00019312621,0.00029036455,0.00012930694],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042552722,0.00017216503,0.0005535159,0.0003426256,0.000031613443,0.00001076588,0.00018664543,0.00010976928,0.000063779386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011716539,0.00015652814,0.00010111612,0.00036307186,0.000044780794,0.00023945342,0.000027649538,0.00032693084,0.00001609484],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009525895,0.00018356157,0.012763198,0.000082331964,0.00024846668,0.00016169738,0.010976782,0.9597358,0.0045986073,0.00016699989,0.0016758225,0.009311491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016672354,0.0012294463,0.3458528,0.0013047159,0.0011565606,0.0012337181,0.006428645,0.56584334,0.020887895,0.015685903,0.020957055,0.002747608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002460413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011103811,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39389247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001512519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053717566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6383032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093636352","doi":"10.2118/117517-ms","title":"An Integrated Approach to Permeability Modeling Using Micro-Models","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Porosity; Monte Carlo method; Multiphase flow; Binary number; Petroleum engineering; Oil shale; Geology; Algorithm; Geotechnical engineering; Soil science; Computer science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.04982686177598241,"score_gpt":0.27919571015793293,"score_spread":0.2293688483819505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093636352","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8775382,0.00008472841,0.114050336,0.00018720677,0.00022276572,0.000101416124,0.00004319631,0.00015864913,0.007613508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97502834,0.000069285605,0.024260784,0.00017204258,0.00017096139,0.000033714015,0.000049719467,0.000032161086,0.00018298697],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990174,0.000032013435,0.00030938516,0.00026529667,0.0001958456,0.00018002071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993895,0.00001740496,0.000011903923,0.00017912379,0.00029013943,0.00011191977],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012103196,0.0001794403,0.00016849348,0.00012267753,0.00032779016,0.000115595074,0.00015956271,0.00006567306,0.000019987989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008175755,0.00016749627,0.00004158996,0.00011785985,0.000048181566,0.00069968926,0.000044218265,0.0001287388,0.000009897236],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019689736,0.000071273476,0.0002666994,0.000008325192,0.00004790054,0.0000010230523,0.00267163,0.9653481,0.030526362,0.0007946531,0.000012498047,0.00023184542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002288757,0.000016038877,0.0002476637,0.0000140515285,0.000011078709,0.000028675202,0.00027144625,0.9980075,0.0006783452,0.0000248793,0.00026857518,0.00020290232],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019463756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002199142,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.097490154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001285236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035055713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68302995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093652022","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.90.124502","title":"Discrete Boltzmann Equation for Microfluidics","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Boltzmann equation; Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution; Boltzmann relation; Distribution function; Boltzmann distribution; Exponential function; Microfluidics; Force field (fiction); Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Action (physics); Relaxation (psychology); Mechanics; Direct simulation Monte Carlo; Quantum mechanics; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Monte Carlo method; Electron","score_opus":0.03302860209551135,"score_gpt":0.300633442951958,"score_spread":0.26760484085644665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093652022","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12670678,0.117306896,0.7355967,0.009986339,0.0011210538,0.0035020937,0.0000606278,0.0010278379,0.0046916413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819789,0.006375639,0.0018994841,0.009132005,0.00025200017,0.00023535616,0.000029099147,0.00006591988,0.000031614934],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928075,0.000029508095,0.00019933855,0.00014688548,0.00013425166,0.00020928598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995176,0.00018705937,0.0000322248,0.00018355974,0.00003430718,0.0000452474],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001320638,0.00014836829,0.00027013844,0.000019457508,0.000053633976,0.000016362294,0.00007197108,0.000007397142,0.000008946781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012753763,0.00013070465,0.00014599605,0.00012718976,0.000026042155,0.00012456454,0.00000951738,0.000070309805,0.000112226575],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019424968,0.0001959144,0.0007372467,0.019182215,0.00090983376,0.0000075324615,0.0014000285,0.100372456,0.30584854,0.054422304,0.49567983,0.021224683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007141942,0.000035271714,0.0003906487,0.0009545436,0.00035407188,0.000001921816,0.00001584325,0.039540976,0.0092252465,0.0018072792,0.9462258,0.0007341532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.8700267e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.401851e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8552721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043080876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004093922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5329981},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093841957","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2012.325","title":"Hydrodynamic forces on steady and oscillating porous particles","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porosity; Particle (ecology); Physics; Classical mechanics; Porous medium; Stokes number; Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.018164052947197775,"score_gpt":0.2425378979605904,"score_spread":0.2243738450133926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093841957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992314,0.001855748,0.0047921157,0.000043162243,0.00052896654,0.000048321934,0.0000016549671,0.000042763317,0.00037328107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99813884,0.00018993086,0.0013569734,0.000046358033,0.00022713977,6.2220556e-7,1.8702032e-7,0.000021592461,0.00001834037],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991922,0.000019207362,0.0003169268,0.00004714432,0.000215794,0.00020873622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995376,0.0001250388,0.000099604025,0.00008111548,0.000060842365,0.000095824835],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038207837,0.00010564835,0.00018996507,0.00007894821,0.000059918275,0.000022794255,0.00005447105,0.000042219133,0.0000071921854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089929235,0.000086382,0.00004089288,0.00007261825,0.0000070762085,0.0002926091,0.000023442024,0.00012632627,0.000008897184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013223616,0.00019501847,0.0077938423,0.00033240725,0.0008740461,0.00004485477,0.0114602335,0.5624636,0.336143,0.025827464,0.0017120304,0.05302133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00091744855,0.00026663186,0.0027388257,0.00012715417,0.00013027577,0.00015519129,0.001316489,0.9802721,0.01026641,0.0019407041,0.0015692527,0.00029951346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.470122e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013742728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41780853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005400923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058207984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35225558},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094177120","doi":"10.1063/1.2174877","title":"Two-scale modeling in porous media: Relative permeability predictions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Porous medium; Physics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Relative permeability; Drag; Saturation (graph theory); Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Porosity; Exponent; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.022029890007771072,"score_gpt":0.24822918601499672,"score_spread":0.22619929600722566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094177120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8908541,0.00029628124,0.09437786,0.000030703588,0.00014298338,0.00012631093,0.000031848795,0.00017492953,0.01396494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979463,0.000011844626,0.0018102517,0.0000032136554,0.00016537876,0.000015146038,0.000014108256,0.00002017403,0.00001354747],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992263,0.000016522219,0.0002985599,0.00013302387,0.00017150717,0.00015413573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995626,0.0001184311,0.0000195151,0.00018466107,0.00009387384,0.00002089404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009752474,0.00011178697,0.00019997562,0.00004394579,0.000037012298,0.000005820377,0.000065994376,0.000038374994,0.000005352361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021415843,0.00011903269,0.000052628515,0.00022527222,0.000052863285,0.0002781439,0.000030529223,0.00013316232,0.000008647745],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002970063,0.000052582276,0.0075436262,0.000023415498,0.000017911556,4.1056282e-7,0.0011531017,0.9849161,0.0016945719,0.004266193,0.000036232952,0.00029291608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037693203,0.000007225791,0.010681118,0.000019792238,0.000021681084,2.5349658e-7,0.00015027176,0.9586786,0.00072161085,0.029217577,0.000013092726,0.000111840745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018680737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010161135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.107092194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084170926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001432351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48540118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094494565","doi":"10.1007/s11242-013-0185-3","title":"Ferrofluid Permeation into Three-Dimensional Random Porous Media: A Numerical Study Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Ferrofluid; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Porous medium; Magnetic field; Magnetic nanoparticles; Paramagnetism; Porosity; Permeation; Nanoparticle; Condensed matter physics; Mechanics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0275418485515321,"score_gpt":0.28235811654181814,"score_spread":0.25481626799028606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094494565","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96547383,0.0012731806,0.029841643,0.0002939676,0.0009289297,0.0015219249,0.000012632031,0.00038138212,0.00027248255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99173343,0.000022832251,0.007412486,0.0001588938,0.00029146942,0.00020220778,0.000050764345,0.00010714887,0.000020760168],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99684066,0.00017587087,0.0009859947,0.0004849397,0.0009229609,0.00058955175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99779296,0.0012215041,0.00010877872,0.0005101584,0.00020261818,0.0001639849],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009810961,0.00047584178,0.00075359026,0.00021282748,0.00021379512,0.000041321855,0.00033806422,0.00018462611,0.0002908731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013795187,0.00036227817,0.00012491434,0.00060491584,0.00011369002,0.00046898413,0.000040373518,0.0005563559,0.000101765625],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044900438,0.0011031538,0.29177263,0.00021470689,0.000956676,0.0004985539,0.13242754,0.5545569,0.003336467,0.0002594651,0.0007135779,0.013711345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0067471256,0.00009668662,0.6539447,0.00008844788,0.00052390876,0.000058889917,0.0049488917,0.33031207,0.00018901013,0.0019066642,0.00022639327,0.0009572303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019688567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018495045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36217204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019724615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064975495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094690513","doi":"10.1007/s11242-010-9684-7","title":"Numerical Solution of Equation for Dynamic, Spontaneous Imbibition with Variable Inlet Saturation and Interfacial Coupling Effects","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Imbibition; Discretization; Mechanics; Saturation (graph theory); Porous medium; Computer simulation; Numerical analysis; Coupling (piping); Inlet; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Porosity; Physics; Mathematics; Geology; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.007681050617042612,"score_gpt":0.21773508238432823,"score_spread":0.21005403176728563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094690513","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7746648,0.00005540262,0.22449055,0.000015212256,0.00029640566,0.00034589713,0.000013909214,0.000073454205,0.00004433245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99211836,0.000012951852,0.0075904513,0.000006564202,0.00004778781,0.000040580064,0.00015566575,0.000024340101,0.000003298383],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992861,0.000005123908,0.0002732147,0.00014068003,0.00014168925,0.00015316374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995374,0.00022819213,0.000054164615,0.00008151564,0.000065996916,0.00003274585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017490423,0.00012305727,0.00020897196,0.00009366818,0.000033335735,0.0000063609787,0.00003386928,0.000104395556,0.0000056377403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041691546,0.0001179167,0.000016470318,0.0001255207,0.000040455183,0.00016562565,0.0000023541102,0.00014958053,7.8448704e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014613799,0.00020331683,0.02985779,0.002101585,0.00017694269,0.0000996941,0.015803952,0.6851943,0.24716206,0.0029512427,0.000021295924,0.014966395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021659615,0.00018812732,0.12521876,0.0001585968,0.00010510268,0.00004876558,0.00010527401,0.8656677,0.0051118853,0.00086119684,0.000054438762,0.00031419078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048115005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008221854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24205017,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042169486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016024085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48085037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094891080","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2008-62365","title":"Experimental Study of Particle-Liquid Flow Behaviour in a Microchannel Attached to an Inlet Reservoir","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University Health Network; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Particle (ecology); Volumetric flow rate; Particle size; Materials science; Polystyrene; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Physics; Geology; Polymer","score_opus":0.07539791891992542,"score_gpt":0.3192186410665248,"score_spread":0.2438207221465994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094891080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99488354,0.0005881259,0.0010800522,0.00027004283,0.0011514433,0.001222158,0.00019103235,0.0002164816,0.00039714252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99778885,0.00019029078,0.0004573775,0.00021380212,0.00027754437,0.00033277058,0.00006489714,0.00011522665,0.0005592251],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9959818,0.00016009457,0.0012598283,0.00102385,0.0007444535,0.0008299633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99813503,0.00013170789,0.00021101594,0.00057215296,0.0005296775,0.00042039953],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042561154,0.00073713955,0.00090928585,0.0007906298,0.0002280471,0.0000716944,0.0007830049,0.00025724163,0.00015117237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000092431874,0.0007844187,0.00012755195,0.00057117245,0.00017838163,0.0006503965,0.0003461319,0.00040111697,0.00007515667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.005791121,0.011418818,0.007620324,0.00022741927,0.0012860843,0.00080085476,0.34182057,0.28470936,0.33841488,0.0013151681,0.005407095,0.0011882909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017172405,0.014856313,0.008111403,0.00093146524,0.00015000864,0.00034876363,0.10281689,0.20558381,0.64520895,0.00035141406,0.00058211223,0.0038864627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022677402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042621934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30679408,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001825274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008080361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097206388","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2013.03.123","title":"Lattice Boltzmann study of mass transfer for two-dimensional Bretherton/Taylor bubble train flow","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Schlumberger (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Bubble; Péclet number; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Mass transfer coefficient; Work (physics); Vortex; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.014703054009216428,"score_gpt":0.2320036507148787,"score_spread":0.21730059670566226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097206388","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8690535,0.0003320994,0.12915288,0.000075883894,0.00048567978,0.0005422783,0.000014703081,0.00022273553,0.000120276294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9749684,0.000002063994,0.024428708,0.000024756939,0.00035808864,0.000073362484,0.0000047211724,0.000091995345,0.00004790589],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983985,0.000013569653,0.0006091836,0.0001920496,0.0003525207,0.00043417906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901927,0.00032871467,0.000035146903,0.00018761435,0.0002304983,0.00019878242],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024285863,0.0002923941,0.00044446415,0.00012667458,0.00006451467,0.00005447016,0.00021914943,0.00010262641,0.00016516834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001000004,0.00026886733,0.00016611135,0.00017713744,0.000027936938,0.00026023106,0.000021895543,0.00041808348,0.000018740593],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016577213,0.000091446294,0.000046079233,0.00009602666,0.0002633534,0.0000037978346,0.0007111636,0.7487334,0.2482754,0.000023889168,0.0006256289,0.0011132214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033368242,0.00010948106,0.00034138412,0.00006214842,0.00011312327,0.000041114177,0.00020370768,0.95531476,0.039580483,0.00017454785,0.00032544474,0.00039697625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034756474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.9840035e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2086949,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008634828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013121613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098505536","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2010.09.042","title":"Simulations of thixotropic liquids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Thixotropy; Rheology; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Ionic liquid; Viscosity; Drag; Mechanics; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Viscous liquid; Discretization; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chemistry; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02308952964438463,"score_gpt":0.2421977659342934,"score_spread":0.21910823628990878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098505536","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35966605,0.000012842257,0.6149925,0.0000132013565,0.00005541638,0.00013282934,0.0000028795926,0.00019494827,0.024929352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9306952,0.0000034342227,0.06915581,0.000010348999,0.000056899407,0.000012922285,0.0000021234498,0.000030911342,0.00003237715],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992148,0.0000028736167,0.00033322163,0.00010958466,0.00017104582,0.00016847253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930805,0.00030654937,0.000030262698,0.0002580603,0.000046769484,0.00005029772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007985392,0.00012307627,0.00022571476,0.000058919693,0.000048256523,0.000013034052,0.00010252146,0.000084676154,0.0001414348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019811368,0.00011220342,0.000044248984,0.00011697205,0.000057445228,0.00005732658,0.000029088536,0.00019898117,0.000085763604],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014915479,0.000018157825,0.0000052080777,0.00008729284,0.000021434806,1.3048854e-7,0.00031726592,0.7327084,0.010559478,0.25612676,0.000010530553,0.0001438237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012994074,0.0000034474444,0.000006308324,0.000010419556,0.000023264975,4.825228e-7,0.000026976913,0.86844397,0.0049691945,0.12613319,0.00014933273,0.00010348053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.1851712e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.8528706e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5710291,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007810741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055195096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45755228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2099849500","doi":"10.2118/2004-015","title":"Experimental and Numerical Quantification and Verification of Interfacial Coupling in Two-Phase Porous Media Flow","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Coupling (piping); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Two-phase flow; Computer science; Mechanics; Porosity; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.027769177229915468,"score_gpt":0.2876715041774976,"score_spread":0.25990232694758214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2099849500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893706,0.00022556513,0.00903993,0.00021269888,0.00028125528,0.000063985724,0.000056015575,0.000025482474,0.0007244602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99937254,0.000019669591,0.0004762431,0.000016715401,0.000039592203,0.000013945793,0.000043828368,0.00001079085,0.000006647156],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993397,0.0000057297248,0.0002424883,0.00016140119,0.00012553217,0.00012512962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966145,0.000037100122,0.000039128496,0.000079580175,0.00007788669,0.00010486378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007087486,0.000100007994,0.00012847755,0.0002200359,0.000030957686,0.000040680912,0.00008933122,0.00003389562,0.000038493094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005327099,0.00011796109,0.0000116131605,0.000065356784,0.00007473857,0.00017274913,0.000016049196,0.00008769066,0.0000058446476],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009992618,0.00011601682,0.024877584,0.0000483061,0.00011282229,0.000028172326,0.0073448103,0.8575332,0.06102734,0.045025356,0.0000452607,0.0037411842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021202858,0.00003138474,0.04319729,0.00006551044,0.000008200323,0.000009737303,0.0009149183,0.94465715,0.0081042675,0.0003662454,0.00031746863,0.00020753672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049921884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009064182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08712393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000237606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007612701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7546728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100272210","doi":"10.1142/s0129183107010954","title":"ELECTROKINETIC SLIP FLOW OF MICROFLUIDICS IN TERMS OF STREAMING POTENTIAL BY A LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD: A BOTTOM-UP APPROACH","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Calgary","keywords":"Electrokinetic phenomena; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Slip (aerodynamics); Microfluidics; Mechanics; Boundary value problem; Stokes flow; Fluid dynamics; No-slip condition; Physics; Classical mechanics; Statistical physics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Boundary layer; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology; Boundary layer thickness","score_opus":0.011427061332780156,"score_gpt":0.27156092644823193,"score_spread":0.2601338651154518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100272210","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29685423,0.00059839844,0.70094144,0.000025629906,0.00061608054,0.0000732386,0.000029366396,0.00001335658,0.00084828836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9728763,0.00010142832,0.026438138,0.000017731352,0.00049166894,0.0000011985015,0.000011601333,0.00003366129,0.000028251065],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99796623,0.000040374223,0.00089632405,0.00012528223,0.00075483666,0.00021694125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987873,0.00018933184,0.00040870887,0.0001156324,0.00044806433,0.000050978186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005820517,0.00017677445,0.00039459948,0.00024156968,0.000014865383,0.000019102185,0.00036814727,0.000081271275,0.0000034766167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048991897,0.00017517887,0.0001679015,0.00017441149,0.000045546578,0.00026186474,0.000058070906,0.00035573376,8.320627e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023137293,0.00034546186,0.002051526,0.000106345615,0.00087189215,0.000019189558,0.0022158732,0.2788017,0.6621724,0.0006940259,0.00065026555,0.051839937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032247787,0.00012378546,0.0046005314,0.00024124574,0.00016999962,0.000087313325,0.0002668834,0.70903033,0.27116218,0.010409181,0.0003141472,0.0003696335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011762791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016470722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6760221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009847414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027521311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7143587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100346319","doi":"10.1029/2009jb007047","title":"Permeability of vesicular Stromboli basaltic glass: Lattice Boltzmann simulations and laboratory measurements","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Porosity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Permeability (electromagnetism); Basalt; Geology; Porous medium; Mineralogy; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Geochemistry","score_opus":0.04605140318909746,"score_gpt":0.3348149500547977,"score_spread":0.28876354686570027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100346319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984914,0.0004953583,0.00011766587,0.0001254654,0.00019185228,0.00016963226,0.000017180599,0.000027809276,0.00036362666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99738425,0.000036230314,0.00222767,0.00000987334,0.000280988,0.000002559459,7.348281e-7,0.000032075888,0.00002560654],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99738514,0.00019997246,0.00057829876,0.00016602094,0.0012938773,0.00037667106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962934,0.00113613,0.00013339306,0.0003230437,0.0018599757,0.00025402792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011624055,0.00016943704,0.00043467915,0.00004573258,0.00015813079,0.00006573612,0.00026436744,0.000098455836,0.00008817785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018758384,0.00014299613,0.0001070331,0.00044658672,0.0003968482,0.0004539725,0.00010923628,0.00093918754,0.000014383652],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034885542,0.0012627245,0.20058103,0.0010685213,0.001580872,0.000050872313,0.0021820152,0.059707113,0.72024083,0.0026178192,0.0024734242,0.0078859115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017730717,0.000484486,0.9232943,0.00015029337,0.00013854148,0.000005392259,0.0005697318,0.05037479,0.0143480655,0.0051770103,0.003349531,0.00033477042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003595897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004823514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7227133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000719818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012521213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5831213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100374249","doi":"10.1080/10255840600985535","title":"Mechanical hemolysis in blood flow: user-independent predictions with the solution of a partial differential equation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Methods in Biomechanics & Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Hemolysis; Partial differential equation; Finite element method; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Galerkin method; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Medicine","score_opus":0.02203000797312369,"score_gpt":0.28713797569991084,"score_spread":0.26510796772678713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100374249","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06844384,0.00011133974,0.92992747,0.00008069657,0.0009237404,0.00029233858,0.000007920082,0.00020635185,0.000006305189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.75182545,0.000022689304,0.24784726,0.000010672686,0.00021044769,0.00003142022,0.00001424266,0.000036251364,0.0000015467479],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99776167,0.000104651604,0.0007733693,0.00032569966,0.00053032674,0.0005042772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987972,0.00061831623,0.00008134207,0.0003177261,0.00006172157,0.00012373779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017737282,0.00027690287,0.00043175276,0.00067305786,0.000049460814,0.000025880689,0.00028520287,0.00024332483,0.000014828276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081651364,0.00021857322,0.00009595392,0.001418902,0.000054416912,0.000121430465,0.00017916897,0.0004457502,0.0000016962159],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009906997,0.0005621926,0.000113504895,0.00033670737,0.00056575803,0.0000616653,0.0015100867,0.41518274,0.46204528,0.0041698604,0.000033093867,0.11532005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011242501,0.0001080458,0.00079924206,0.000095560885,0.000075082215,0.000012502508,0.0000397504,0.9727741,0.02440649,0.00010771715,0.00023494018,0.00022233377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018910545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020360372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6833816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016065412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002058117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8913157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100433218","doi":"10.1002/fld.2363","title":"Immersed boundary conditions method for heat conduction problems in slots with time‐dependent geometry","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Solver; Reduction (mathematics); Computation; Boundary (topology); Computer science; Boundary value problem; Grid; Immersed boundary method; Algorithm; Iterative method; Mathematical optimization; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Computational science; Geometry; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.03191123138214236,"score_gpt":0.4022573011821772,"score_spread":0.3703460698000348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100433218","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017713537,0.00014744225,0.97657245,0.0006724121,0.0037166278,0.000576229,0.00007260258,0.00007505234,0.00045366728],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07543193,0.000030245425,0.9231532,0.00018897935,0.00051890424,0.00028712576,0.000043685308,0.00007273219,0.00027316346],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99819744,0.00014618303,0.00068577175,0.00026133587,0.00036869504,0.00034055125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977223,0.0015399948,0.00008041937,0.00013340352,0.00041444396,0.000109408524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018011447,0.0002278345,0.00038485238,0.00059801544,0.00012189563,0.00013616003,0.00029113403,0.00014093645,0.00017198928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064302265,0.00020094494,0.00014123808,0.0003177921,0.00007081124,0.0004306252,0.000039172402,0.0006391157,0.000009020992],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048683863,0.0003831908,0.0037039805,0.00010402089,0.00095110387,0.000024636072,0.0009268867,0.41410035,0.50211036,0.002991467,0.0016557678,0.0725614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009229808,0.00051619986,0.00957353,0.00022144262,0.00013872406,0.00077020563,0.0004546244,0.83206797,0.022775121,0.03803466,0.08518242,0.0010353036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019778825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017366357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47933525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029657854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006107312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8194297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101264056","doi":"10.1109/icmens.2004.1508931","title":"Liquid Wettability and Micro-droplet Self-Movements on Heterogeneous Solid Surfaces","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wetting; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Surface energy; Contact angle; Solid surface; Materials science; Lattice (music); Statistical physics; Condensed matter physics; Mechanics; Physics; Chemical physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.00881535850720861,"score_gpt":0.23128049416638144,"score_spread":0.22246513565917284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101264056","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99015737,0.00027183877,0.0001491247,0.000056342004,0.0001251838,0.00016056327,0.000011320638,0.00055007,0.008518193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99873203,0.000030544626,0.00072616263,0.00011302759,0.000050930652,0.000007522391,0.00000500184,0.000024090015,0.00031067902],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921733,0.000015850954,0.00022014765,0.00019455141,0.00013500256,0.00021711848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964875,0.00007349874,0.000019499888,0.00018587758,0.000034193017,0.000038208127],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000793954,0.00016377364,0.00017064523,0.00003780956,0.00007475071,0.00003569078,0.00005618116,0.00004914934,0.000064912645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006025656,0.00014535805,0.0000317791,0.000062006526,0.000027132317,0.00007615561,0.000044954097,0.00005992406,0.00007400242],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011012211,0.00045352284,0.07797654,0.00039008746,0.0005441474,0.00002826388,0.00096141204,0.8245394,0.08690642,0.0005393812,0.0068854364,0.00066525245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00391203,0.00080557895,0.23679106,0.000073588366,0.00014150195,0.000020715319,0.00028022856,0.15199782,0.5305803,0.0011164012,0.07195546,0.0023253353],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039805578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007133367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67254156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055012413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033085812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5927529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103108752","doi":"10.1017/s0022112008005521","title":"Flow patterns in the sedimentation of an elliptical particle","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":173,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sedimentation; Mechanics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Flow (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Geology; Open-channel flow; Materials science; Geometry; Physics; Geomorphology; Sediment; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0194786878967047,"score_gpt":0.26819608990099525,"score_spread":0.24871740200429054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103108752","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9672066,0.00014077697,0.03214882,0.00024680624,0.00014897194,0.0000539849,0.0000016699698,0.000009624654,0.000042737498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982465,0.0000593148,0.0014715049,0.00012236525,0.000092341994,4.4731033e-7,5.4052975e-7,0.0000055114724,0.0000014880399],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924165,0.00003660869,0.00034812826,0.000035478795,0.00024258059,0.00009554494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996955,0.000057593803,0.000056933488,0.00009066487,0.0000695774,0.000029775676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041276542,0.000058053643,0.00012681742,0.00004458209,0.000014746189,0.000012501542,0.0001017536,0.000028409615,0.000012447438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030358658,0.000041227388,0.000040650888,0.00010808035,0.0000033488402,0.00020311865,0.0000044727626,0.0001052967,0.0000023233308],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080804646,0.00030653467,0.00058300677,0.000042308395,0.00007315645,0.000055324166,0.0075179865,0.8256486,0.13597625,0.0071133827,0.00034119992,0.022261452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061492395,0.00029969017,0.006011799,0.000029050165,0.00003539761,0.000023477653,0.00093183434,0.9622361,0.027533738,0.0021315475,0.00008921413,0.00006319729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.9493044e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030257431,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13658755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002886725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000075671496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16812041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2107148255","doi":"10.1140/epjst/e2009-01016-8","title":"Higher-order lattice Boltzmann simulation of energy conversion of electrokinetic nanobatteries","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal Special Topics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Electrokinetic phenomena; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Energy transformation; Materials science; Mechanics; Electric potential energy; Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Power (physics); Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013006162223053421,"score_gpt":0.2375055925078015,"score_spread":0.22449943028474809,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2107148255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57080585,0.00038305353,0.004075547,0.0010043472,0.0013594703,0.00015809135,0.0000080710415,0.00013457549,0.422071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854174,0.000056914243,0.0000939152,0.00006437747,0.014021351,1.2369978e-7,0.0000012732634,0.000018728762,0.00032586252],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999034,0.00013677118,0.0003204924,0.00007791904,0.0002696037,0.00016124661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939823,0.000103709295,0.00013677607,0.00015829864,0.0001622593,0.00004072271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012696514,0.00013202768,0.00022939884,0.000043228996,0.00008692592,0.000021638996,0.0001960259,0.000020687341,0.00002667489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002601117,0.00009601179,0.0000958081,0.00019038568,0.00008071209,0.000120556004,0.000033860146,0.00017022529,0.000010904568],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014103345,0.00020235678,0.00016535587,0.00006879365,0.00022833198,0.000023160235,0.0025079078,0.76246226,0.014941658,0.009237736,0.0036599943,0.20636144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043598,0.0016778179,0.209284,0.00030500282,0.0006755789,0.00003594906,0.00039443726,0.07399387,0.06177326,0.04057849,0.6055281,0.0013936881],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.101592e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3644067e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68846834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029005858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070204073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39152473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108361645","doi":"10.1021/la304919p","title":"Simulations of Droplet Coalescence in Simple Shear Flow","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Capillary action; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Coalescence (physics); Reynolds number; Capillary number; Mechanics; Weber number; Péclet number; Thermal diffusivity; Chemistry; Materials science; Turbulence; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0151372603250322,"score_gpt":0.24128765191335821,"score_spread":0.226150391588326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108361645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99304503,0.00012205676,0.0020874415,0.00008480304,0.000057007015,0.00017325045,0.000023527215,0.00013685954,0.0042700414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990946,0.0000048177963,0.0007336574,0.000028390312,0.000028647646,0.000009220491,0.000012111075,0.000014174962,0.00007437916],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995271,0.000010002559,0.00017222887,0.00007108143,0.00008919346,0.00013042122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997227,0.00008225513,0.000015600466,0.000119605196,0.000039241913,0.000020553536],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000029885277,0.0000697575,0.00012796176,0.00006478619,0.000020614938,0.0000088065035,0.000061495564,0.00003398914,0.00033228155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023891065,0.00006740807,0.00002092847,0.00017415053,0.000022646782,0.00012340899,0.000022214195,0.000057160385,0.00014073569],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016624457,0.000029518516,0.06568512,0.00009996461,0.000022971952,0.0000019572444,0.0015137009,0.92101014,0.0037625679,0.0003578101,0.0057895766,0.0017250252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032231168,0.000007338239,0.30886552,0.000016906379,0.0000048029406,4.6838738e-7,0.00013932971,0.68557,0.00064277503,0.0006838001,0.00361507,0.00013168348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004819225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24318041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016933951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032625471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.363825},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2108806547","doi":"10.1002/fld.2615","title":"Solution of flow around complex‐shaped surfaces by an immersed boundary‐body conformal enrichment method","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Discretization; Conformal map; Immersed boundary method; Flow (mathematics); Finite element method; Potential flow; Mechanics; External flow; Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Geometry; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.08666693236508914,"score_gpt":0.41627279317162624,"score_spread":0.3296058608065371,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2108806547","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015999898,0.00033855016,0.97976804,0.00008153171,0.0022750692,0.00021027765,0.00007429965,0.000063472035,0.001188844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.312211,0.0000634878,0.68737215,0.00008171554,0.00014061073,0.000019323088,0.000031950058,0.000031617245,0.00004814055],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976976,0.0002996701,0.0009743911,0.00020570692,0.00048534558,0.00033726715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99849814,0.000593394,0.0001879582,0.000143844,0.00043994642,0.0001367404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017581804,0.00024013474,0.00045276212,0.00025303007,0.00010839777,0.00007470688,0.00046041197,0.00010778272,0.00025996307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025690772,0.00022511165,0.00017881922,0.00018643288,0.000093627874,0.00059148634,0.00007308962,0.0002918753,0.0000052364717],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017666186,0.0011209218,0.007708765,0.00013877146,0.0028270697,0.000031722444,0.010028955,0.106088325,0.5314152,0.004051548,0.0040450008,0.33077708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015124447,0.00024488315,0.005743789,0.000027514558,0.000049654736,0.000043814944,0.000478579,0.96349645,0.010938391,0.0032675588,0.01391482,0.0002821102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005647656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024534172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8574081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027031673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003554622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.91797864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2109726451","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2006.10.028","title":"A fictitious domain formulation for flows with rigid particles: A non-Lagrange multiplier version","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lagrange multiplier; Fictitious domain method; Mathematics; Domain (mathematical analysis); Constraint algorithm; Extrapolation; Constraint (computer-aided design); Finite element method; Rigid body; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Body force; Classical mechanics; Mathematical optimization; Geometry; Physics","score_opus":0.008581522060011063,"score_gpt":0.22455443547583614,"score_spread":0.21597291341582509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2109726451","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5138718,0.000027786258,0.48565263,0.000053605545,0.00007852227,0.00011853084,0.000011930776,0.000023507897,0.00016169582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9380504,0.000001299853,0.061474662,0.00002602036,0.00038818782,0.000005625036,0.00002419217,0.000021295924,0.000008325578],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919075,0.000009294701,0.00030841152,0.00006589715,0.00030039382,0.00012524932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999116,0.0002491184,0.00015207201,0.00005015884,0.0003989415,0.00003373492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000097774384,0.00011094325,0.0001728872,0.00005428985,0.00009307637,0.000034289333,0.000052133644,0.000028439677,0.0000022400745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005093542,0.00009310059,0.00008752714,0.00013709212,0.000014793095,0.0003682061,0.0000070840756,0.000074822885,0.000007497246],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000091853806,0.000056433895,0.0004921529,0.00003294935,0.0000766494,0.0000024090982,0.00027473457,0.99457234,0.0005017558,0.0014303841,0.0018170546,0.0006512965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030642236,0.00012715727,0.0105840955,0.00005225257,0.000058023157,0.000015023843,0.0000718316,0.9371335,0.000405532,0.04667477,0.0016623981,0.00015119254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020114003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036299587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4241786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009880185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029918634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3796532},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110329595","doi":"10.1002/cpa.20233","title":"Convergence proof of the velocity field for a stokes flow immersed boundary method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Curvilinear coordinates; Immersed boundary method; Mathematics; Stokes flow; Convergence (economics); Mathematical analysis; Vector field; Boundary (topology); Domain (mathematical analysis); Cartesian coordinate system; Simple (philosophy); Flow (mathematics); Fluid–structure interaction; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Finite element method; Physics","score_opus":0.03872043181617791,"score_gpt":0.3119208808994426,"score_spread":0.2732004490832647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110329595","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013473207,0.0006198738,0.9682326,0.00071117905,0.000077257704,0.0009546732,0.000026697624,0.00008163981,0.015822927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6937149,0.000054053573,0.3059827,0.000103507824,0.000010620064,0.0000643393,0.0000036250149,0.000014079307,0.000052155698],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949265,0.000007865128,0.0002490188,0.000063713764,0.00008801592,0.00009874342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980094,0.0011100218,0.000069983456,0.00073402753,0.000056268356,0.000020340796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036171466,0.00008877583,0.0001550565,0.00002949964,0.00019426555,0.000011515123,0.00031555092,0.00005179776,0.0000043872574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006506064,0.00006714423,0.000040049792,0.00011961598,0.00008335523,0.000024677218,0.00010893844,0.00011437024,0.000001281316],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008912042,0.00077095994,0.00017611712,0.0031668025,0.0007528897,2.0335166e-7,0.031042797,0.021573279,0.015145241,0.7329426,0.010435869,0.18390416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017299798,0.00010017637,0.0009673616,0.00030038317,0.00035184744,0.000004696145,0.007373868,0.6248981,0.21365424,0.1047813,0.045135066,0.00070297933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.410063e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001068708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6802417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001369853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010362438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27380624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110338290","doi":"10.1017/s0022112008002309","title":"Flow-induced forces in sphere doublets","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; SPHERES; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Turbulence; Torque; RADIUS; Body force; Flow (mathematics); Stokes flow; Slip (aerodynamics); Classical mechanics; Stokes number; Contact force; Reynolds number; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.03027813633371721,"score_gpt":0.24214914755303532,"score_spread":0.21187101121931812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110338290","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98353684,0.0014267991,0.012811036,0.00007851824,0.0007886677,0.00007794228,0.0000010429303,0.000041992447,0.0012371766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99594593,0.000584195,0.0031811467,0.000045424462,0.00017594545,0.0000011869752,4.1871965e-7,0.00002380746,0.00004193387],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989994,0.000011592204,0.00046746313,0.00006389534,0.00027419697,0.0001834093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995595,0.00005727794,0.000082077364,0.00010697476,0.00012834684,0.00006578529],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020877963,0.00012108653,0.0002737237,0.00012604063,0.00004340354,0.000011586667,0.00013421272,0.00007477922,0.00006820907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004260883,0.00010714706,0.00008764011,0.00019632366,0.000005002155,0.00027027875,0.000023819977,0.00022318574,0.000018843117],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009185007,0.000086151704,0.00040446856,0.000099611905,0.0002461518,0.000603982,0.0033491517,0.86003435,0.11780282,0.0015118297,0.0077832704,0.007986352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027393813,0.00019899232,0.0010437343,0.00015663281,0.00004815528,0.00047893618,0.00047446956,0.9445281,0.037605755,0.0016011207,0.010747986,0.00037671858],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019603344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008312887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08449376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097392054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003526527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43693304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2111044915","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2013.08.039","title":"A fast algorithm for direct simulation of particulate flows using conforming grids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Stencil; Discretization; Grid; Mathematics; Boundary (topology); Navier–Stokes equations; Boundary value problem; Domain (mathematical analysis); Mathematical analysis; Applied mathematics; Geometry; Algorithm; Physics; Mechanics; Compressibility; Computational science","score_opus":0.02666012904340622,"score_gpt":0.28344292038943036,"score_spread":0.25678279134602416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2111044915","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2911913,0.00004672563,0.70834696,0.000009344104,0.00018135412,0.00012492163,0.000011118857,0.00001559061,0.0000726735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91439617,0.0000018212438,0.08524846,0.000014159487,0.00030760453,0.0000022972636,0.0000060290827,0.000017880133,0.0000056047666],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903965,0.000012126292,0.00051484135,0.000050708793,0.00026877376,0.00011391016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99834985,0.00042783932,0.0002596189,0.00004619243,0.00087553286,0.000040978397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011337867,0.00010310571,0.00025878765,0.00006286197,0.000051902833,0.000028069588,0.00005557671,0.000027815586,0.000006331867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026587202,0.00009465645,0.00012669369,0.0001274683,0.000021270695,0.00050720247,0.000012498633,0.00006703591,0.000003186927],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003960097,0.0000189707,0.0000894783,0.000035608176,0.00014298611,3.184157e-7,0.00027826318,0.97020483,0.00045367057,0.000104845865,0.000040724142,0.028626323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005495297,0.000035753998,0.0012161499,0.00004846529,0.0000548668,0.0000030400383,0.000047861213,0.98869634,0.0005004832,0.008645111,0.000108270855,0.000094129464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001725935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0666323e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6232048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005091966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031883006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38599777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113014912","doi":"10.4208/cicp.061113.050115a","title":"Numerical Simulations of Particle Sedimentation Using the Immersed Boundary Method","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications in Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Settling; Immersed boundary method; Mechanics; Compressibility; Sedimentation; Physics; Particle (ecology); Drag coefficient; Drag; Terminal velocity; Classical mechanics; Boundary (topology); Particle density; Computer simulation; Viscous liquid; Mathematics; Geology; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.16374369296751753,"score_gpt":0.4120025728092625,"score_spread":0.24825887984174497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113014912","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08372496,0.00044204885,0.91424567,0.0005373289,0.00010693878,0.00023971483,0.00002027224,0.00007578623,0.0006072861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89599097,0.000004703393,0.103835754,0.000055757217,0.000028212766,0.00001186516,0.000053710366,0.000015141498,0.0000038622843],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907786,0.0001573265,0.00034919305,0.000083953295,0.00022612845,0.00010555496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99820143,0.0009854657,0.00007849257,0.00045587326,0.0002464687,0.000032240758],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024198726,0.00009055611,0.0001359676,0.00003979022,0.0001397382,0.000024267803,0.00028250326,0.00002542258,0.0000036392646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056582034,0.0000856035,0.00003766935,0.0005985512,0.0001299803,0.00022999579,0.00009614842,0.00013431114,0.000007111449],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003337436,0.000060863636,0.0020473646,0.000006296527,0.000034545257,6.803265e-8,0.0019666022,0.9819815,0.00014821107,0.01245093,0.000060801172,0.0012394567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039518875,0.000006840667,0.0026751498,0.000010595386,0.000020648444,7.743999e-7,0.0005631533,0.97179633,0.00023326241,0.023966916,0.00024775774,0.00008338237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028336597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005760149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81226605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012886102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007485154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34908092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113987689","doi":"10.1002/aic.12160","title":"Agitation and mobilization of thixotropic liquids","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Thixotropy; Impeller; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Solver; Mixing (physics); Dimensionless quantity; Turbulence; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Statistical physics; Engineering; Mathematics; Chemical engineering; Mathematical optimization","score_opus":0.007228807618831606,"score_gpt":0.23237141989336724,"score_spread":0.22514261227453564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113987689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922203,0.00019689303,0.005791689,0.000119731965,0.00030824155,0.000032844695,5.9926504e-7,0.000032106076,0.0012975929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99803096,0.00010981158,0.0016667618,0.000032980657,0.00010536678,8.052734e-7,6.0502515e-7,0.000008606411,0.00004410007],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996571,0.000008495952,0.0001501134,0.000033806067,0.00008934826,0.000061170496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963105,0.000046252528,0.00003730371,0.0000523993,0.00020388348,0.000029124838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011336312,0.000046929184,0.000071024384,0.00005449378,0.000041052404,0.00001930341,0.0000305536,0.000036466987,0.000029841249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012369682,0.00004087155,0.000015663218,0.00006202521,0.000024282977,0.00017555001,0.000008848564,0.00015143813,0.000003901805],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033473112,0.000073091,0.12456259,0.0002742837,0.00035446853,0.000008050229,0.009966471,0.10817108,0.7048676,0.007137817,0.0071108597,0.037440196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021892143,0.00022452888,0.7749272,0.000094140974,0.00016092147,0.00020629619,0.0015300778,0.16629928,0.033948626,0.008859133,0.011054838,0.0005057181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.689657e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006005635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.670919,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000069854423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006182221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16666934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114461382","doi":"10.1002/fld.4002","title":"An approach to control the spurious currents in a multiphase lattice Boltzmann method and to improve the implementation of initial condition","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Spurious relationship; Multiphase flow; Initialization; HPP model; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook operator; Lattice (music); Computer science; Mathematics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.060642468759116504,"score_gpt":0.5011460776375043,"score_spread":0.4405036088783878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114461382","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07407832,0.000115818744,0.9231548,0.0006815716,0.001117437,0.0006741634,0.00007030217,0.000016995073,0.00009060869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6990146,0.0000059054946,0.30020735,0.00038448378,0.00022190329,0.00013749587,0.000006717309,0.000018183684,0.000003374817],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981413,0.00049473526,0.0006163234,0.00017465578,0.00036785295,0.00020511489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830645,0.0009909841,0.00009080434,0.00012424997,0.00035298584,0.00013452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0026901688,0.0001469121,0.00025495162,0.00023714323,0.00005610623,0.000087709595,0.0003347443,0.000046202542,0.00000558273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00074420153,0.000100010504,0.000058365687,0.00023441158,0.000034777662,0.00025938282,0.0000570735,0.00024207142,0.0000014219071],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00087984896,0.00032703776,0.0041278596,0.00003632996,0.0003983419,0.000008224092,0.017342795,0.32623565,0.013513586,0.0039325305,0.00070667634,0.6324911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009205503,0.000600547,0.032677002,0.000057278547,0.00010733381,0.00008902169,0.006521393,0.92781705,0.0050571267,0.011501835,0.0059609935,0.00040490934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000075848664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011318817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6320862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018204778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000330127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.407831},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115265727","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2012.12.007","title":"Two-dimensional simulation of the fluttering instability using a pseudospectral method with volume penalization","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Structures","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Reynolds number; Immersed boundary method; Vortex; Instability; Discretization; Mechanics; Compressibility; Physics; Classical mechanics; Volume of fluid method; Boundary value problem; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Boundary (topology); Turbulence","score_opus":0.0151109052735845,"score_gpt":0.26274933653165916,"score_spread":0.24763843125807466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115265727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74004745,0.000035500005,0.2593278,0.000020184649,0.00021942287,0.00022190806,0.000002434344,0.000082342114,0.000042971285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9338367,1.5818841e-7,0.066025354,0.000041651972,0.000066333305,0.0000030253507,0.0000026647317,0.000020578656,0.0000035308972],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991362,0.00005774848,0.00024879875,0.00016493058,0.00023280334,0.00015953602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994037,0.000112604095,0.00008068839,0.00023791543,0.00013382456,0.00003127329],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069428635,0.00015747057,0.00018916755,0.000053066484,0.00011105457,0.000040586598,0.0001280637,0.000036250618,0.000048322778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015940377,0.000107568034,0.000052330673,0.00020935567,0.0000669977,0.00022957924,0.00007908365,0.00009655808,0.0000014398692],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005239959,0.000003244092,0.009366053,0.00003739838,0.00004959433,2.0074113e-7,0.0004962379,0.98446244,0.0046290606,0.00009812958,0.000023005954,0.00082939235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024635572,0.000007970048,0.19452985,0.00002222883,0.000022014556,0.0000044442913,0.000020952131,0.80285734,0.0012605584,0.00091241044,0.000012011197,0.000103867314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000076057746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008994127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19378927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075469936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013812044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4386497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115954046","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2009.09.022","title":"Over-determined formulation of the immersed boundary conditions method","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Biharmonic equation; Mathematics; Algebraic equation; Boundary value problem; Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Mathematical analysis; Chebyshev filter; Boundary (topology); Laplace transform; Domain (mathematical analysis); Chebyshev polynomials; Cover (algebra); Applied mathematics; Nonlinear system; Physics","score_opus":0.019291702904308688,"score_gpt":0.30914303776845914,"score_spread":0.28985133486415043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115954046","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013405264,0.00013519452,0.9854485,0.000018104829,0.00037990607,0.00021643225,0.0000034293075,0.000110577814,0.00028263658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4905885,0.00001379305,0.5093004,0.00003484996,0.00003671386,0.000008405947,0.0000017007942,0.000013969608,0.0000016606002],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924093,0.000025085905,0.00031083619,0.00014750188,0.00009806847,0.00017756838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994715,0.00022770003,0.000043549317,0.00020547929,0.000017586042,0.000034215147],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041917013,0.00015883066,0.00025743843,0.00012974587,0.00004891761,0.000022121229,0.00010871011,0.00007623919,0.000003166202],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014387735,0.0001411903,0.00005161379,0.0002757762,0.0000050374088,0.00006121342,0.000058859772,0.00015725277,2.9320526e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048422053,0.000013486507,0.000013840632,0.00009070835,0.00004177789,6.591961e-7,0.00049144705,0.6812928,0.13340674,0.11421144,0.000021933934,0.07041035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039010643,0.000012401379,0.0043081907,0.000035542424,0.000018634288,0.000002388099,0.000014149505,0.97530776,0.007151905,0.012094355,0.0005141334,0.00015043396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.951924e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.393333e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47718322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004155177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061601577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5757573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116011845","doi":"10.1080/10407782.2012.725009","title":"Simulation of Conjugate Heat Transfer Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Heat Transfer Part A Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer; Conjugate; Heat flux; Thermodynamics; Thermal conductivity; Thermal conduction; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.050282936317435446,"score_gpt":0.3268038496189044,"score_spread":0.27652091330146894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116011845","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04902537,0.00097379874,0.9471186,0.0002481464,0.00013717162,0.0009948888,0.00007327235,0.0002845584,0.0011441935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99481976,0.000046855304,0.00422901,0.00017637061,0.00027948848,0.0003345432,0.000024995834,0.00007202297,0.000016974713],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981162,0.00012551397,0.0006460481,0.00025504804,0.0003500811,0.0005071224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99822545,0.0009512448,0.0000046004357,0.0004973306,0.00014512303,0.00017625507],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035666508,0.00029706125,0.00042841598,0.0000806156,0.00029026644,0.000025679685,0.00020888596,0.00013317738,0.0001197063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001413546,0.00024023773,0.00019231283,0.00067554094,0.00013066614,0.0003205189,0.00001621222,0.00026748783,0.00006561815],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024893427,0.00013852686,0.0007679324,0.000100055906,0.0001652412,1.4389676e-7,0.0015832328,0.98201036,0.009719447,0.0043806275,0.000044049324,0.001065503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006316447,0.00003775258,0.0017728738,0.000028095017,0.00044307782,0.0000047327226,0.00025239473,0.912201,0.012921293,0.00020208828,0.071066104,0.00043894033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034633656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004599074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94579434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007577075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019504754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97966105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116496585","doi":"10.1007/s00162-013-0312-3","title":"Multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method for study of two-lid-driven cavity flow solution multiplicity","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Vortex; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Multiplicity (mathematics); Bifurcation; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Turbulence","score_opus":0.009353085081993003,"score_gpt":0.2633696199489907,"score_spread":0.2540165348669977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116496585","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46874893,0.000016322898,0.53014344,0.00009868141,0.000060347542,0.00061742036,0.000064720865,0.000103560495,0.00014660993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8788103,0.0000021968224,0.120849885,0.00003686021,0.00005141551,0.00009091386,0.00010514361,0.000028388775,0.000024926267],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865556,0.00010767589,0.00046275614,0.00026169387,0.00027905448,0.00023326899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971383,0.002134579,0.00006931722,0.00014890556,0.0004144537,0.00009444896],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002878843,0.00021752914,0.00034856403,0.000082976345,0.00017336888,0.00004005672,0.000113808295,0.00007937502,0.000046508918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019212837,0.0002027636,0.00007121458,0.00014681871,0.00017608357,0.00017910283,0.00008738615,0.000119045515,0.000026601232],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038341597,0.00019101087,0.0019320138,0.000054440694,0.00014578666,3.1176054e-7,0.0006987024,0.8852526,0.00039523633,0.10666596,0.000046736346,0.004578881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017307904,0.00012338789,0.016811093,0.000012298594,0.000084620886,0.0000023330253,0.00016104571,0.91415983,0.000022641017,0.06668698,0.000003244453,0.00020176239],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049956245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026757136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41006136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078195975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013018297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82684594},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116605353","doi":"10.1002/fld.2583","title":"Start‐up flow in a three‐dimensional lid‐driven cavity by means of a massively parallel direction splitting algorithm","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Texas A and M University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Parallelizable manifold; Computation; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Algorithm; Dimensionless quantity; Massively parallel; Computer science; Parallel computing; Space (punctuation); Computational science; Mathematics; Geometry; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.05996972084713122,"score_gpt":0.3660477174381229,"score_spread":0.3060779965909917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116605353","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027338853,0.00037253223,0.9690222,0.00010351685,0.0025026374,0.00021683973,0.00006619252,0.00005234756,0.0003248683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10138422,0.000053658994,0.89817333,0.000048775924,0.00017472013,0.000043930766,0.000011723794,0.000040428426,0.00006922061],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99794936,0.00018826815,0.0008809178,0.00022746644,0.0004548883,0.00029908415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985818,0.00070333196,0.0001556678,0.00010643838,0.0003572017,0.000095529314],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010761592,0.00021424245,0.0004179331,0.0003262295,0.000057485053,0.0000282858,0.00029398152,0.000116174975,0.000084083586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055528374,0.00020416327,0.00017741769,0.0002578466,0.00006134122,0.00030760895,0.00008369474,0.0004196978,0.000004432608],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007100405,0.0005896046,0.035653353,0.00007083631,0.0010484579,0.00008315448,0.0041314773,0.21992344,0.018612249,0.0008111105,0.001623505,0.71674275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016190836,0.00010288425,0.021183787,0.00012089791,0.000027159425,0.000043386703,0.00011771602,0.9645267,0.002339017,0.007904007,0.0017529399,0.00026243515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000100387355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022174658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7446032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035205676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034243923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8325536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117024122","doi":"10.1002/bit.25678","title":"A mathematical model and computational framework for three‐dimensional chondrocyte cell growth in a porous tissue scaffold placed inside a bi‐directional flow perfusion bioreactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation","keywords":"Scaffold; Bioreactor; Biomedical engineering; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Biological system; Process (computing); Materials science; Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Computer science; Chemistry; Porosity; Engineering; Biology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.019263468302986843,"score_gpt":0.23587820404703683,"score_spread":0.21661473574405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117024122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6772073,0.0009960957,0.32061502,0.00036269097,0.00010111297,0.0002764391,0.000026017318,0.00038703342,0.000028275112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8278266,0.000024614355,0.1720035,0.000020130943,0.00003717709,0.000039184837,0.000011915507,0.000028201863,0.000008674339],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909604,0.0000052525725,0.00024955932,0.0002592459,0.00013503054,0.00025489152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955606,0.00018623668,0.000028535742,0.00008908795,0.000055195716,0.000084906875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012856623,0.00022067272,0.0002702159,0.00030628612,0.00006545981,0.000020977295,0.00006283395,0.00040603042,0.0000026172904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088115725,0.00021101382,0.00002329993,0.00020962062,0.000087295855,0.00010531604,0.00008711926,0.00022714898,0.0000044383282],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007311954,0.00006150621,0.00049941853,0.00021494957,0.00005283435,0.000010509077,0.0003326777,0.9705637,0.01574412,0.010600305,0.0001164219,0.0017304067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008302784,0.00006099426,0.00057822204,0.00007262503,0.00001911532,0.000045754743,0.000036332065,0.9781124,0.0057602455,0.014175657,0.00006714153,0.00024124283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042860624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011537593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1506193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007061349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022883267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86048937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119160209","doi":"10.1063/1.3200946","title":"Drag on random assemblies of spheres in shear-thinning and thixotropic liquids","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Thixotropy; Drag; Shear thinning; Physics; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Lattice Boltzmann methods; SPHERES; Viscosity; Rheology; Classical mechanics; Shear flow; Viscous liquid; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.015991834581486022,"score_gpt":0.2563134618440785,"score_spread":0.24032162726259249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2119160209","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931725,0.0008175213,0.001960482,0.000044535132,0.000050349117,0.000089015346,0.0000023002244,0.000054592656,0.0038086902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990319,0.000086650165,0.0007714505,0.000026030772,0.000052681586,0.00000221864,0.0000011738484,0.000012276268,0.00001562966],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937534,0.00001629596,0.00023756902,0.000096082804,0.00015343267,0.00012126839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996132,0.00015483079,0.000028095175,0.00013971284,0.000044780318,0.000019382433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006058644,0.00011307056,0.00029641137,0.000051192463,0.000017622458,0.000009418691,0.00006387263,0.000036282232,0.000004704467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033332442,0.00010720883,0.000040024483,0.0001554017,0.000041211446,0.0001426596,0.000018343622,0.000092330214,0.0000020214754],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004105117,0.00034132492,0.040240888,0.0007122194,0.0003053857,0.0000074562713,0.013372724,0.53232145,0.31681257,0.042243756,0.0011113173,0.05212039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011660776,0.001227437,0.39352626,0.0012390566,0.00015152855,0.0000018155426,0.0021006172,0.21586362,0.32122967,0.051302437,0.0005253461,0.0011714755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001637615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031308089,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35328534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001468384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006227415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43718493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120535910","doi":"10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.02.011","title":"Simulations of complex flow of thixotropic liquids","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Thixotropy; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Solver; Rheology; Flow (mathematics); Discretization; Scalar (mathematics); Viscous liquid; Statistical physics; Viscosity; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Computer science; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.021132023777062678,"score_gpt":0.2651370509959709,"score_spread":0.2440050272189082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120535910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66121036,0.00083081145,0.33499864,0.00048552413,0.0008359483,0.00027535588,0.000060518756,0.00007271761,0.0012301075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722078,0.00014724168,0.027361041,0.000063836014,0.00015888594,3.491486e-7,0.0000025424729,0.000026005351,0.000032319527],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981407,0.000030515695,0.0010748503,0.00009135093,0.00044943276,0.00021318653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985949,0.00014115321,0.0003389502,0.0002493199,0.0005743506,0.000101349826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024170282,0.00018956616,0.0005855475,0.00029264286,0.000050234194,0.000012909947,0.0002528405,0.000106532185,0.00006418152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000104409955,0.0001755488,0.00021558387,0.00034478886,0.000021992291,0.00023394849,0.00002853811,0.00021057285,0.0000054083757],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004277422,0.00008961221,0.00008027263,0.000083050705,0.00018794414,0.000007877147,0.0007651424,0.7225855,0.27168423,0.0009836046,0.0009875468,0.0025024468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010384561,0.00048740476,0.0033747694,0.00014569444,0.00012853422,0.000020292151,0.000113240516,0.9724026,0.019041393,0.0018568153,0.0012197915,0.00017103148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001532306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030928031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31099743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008050097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006559822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7158673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121791764","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.08.019","title":"Simulating the dynamics of fluid–ellipsoid interactions","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Structures","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Ellipsoid; Perpendicular; Newtonian fluid; Physics; Mechanics; Domain (mathematical analysis); Dynamics (music); Settling; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Acoustics","score_opus":0.012283546549844416,"score_gpt":0.25022178927270056,"score_spread":0.23793824272285613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121791764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7280055,0.0002986817,0.26824254,0.00027372083,0.0014086812,0.00016311093,0.000011979947,0.0002929738,0.0013028149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942853,0.0000072693115,0.0054813856,0.00005946906,0.00012416812,0.000001913767,0.0000068517547,0.00001978243,0.000013847059],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938756,0.000012296127,0.00023013653,0.00010275765,0.00012724403,0.00014002746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994511,0.0001976049,0.00004638615,0.00022462686,0.000054923537,0.00002532806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037509544,0.00012842272,0.00014785524,0.000056347202,0.00011627201,0.000029371677,0.00017555585,0.000029435389,0.000011328925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019240108,0.00009501583,0.000066792345,0.00014565814,0.00006936609,0.00009490733,0.0000666133,0.00013728955,0.0000046745686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001933396,0.0000028954485,0.0002588038,0.00002185139,0.000068953486,8.6089085e-7,0.0010040329,0.98515946,0.00025127755,0.008317459,0.00016591782,0.0047465498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003712702,0.000014490381,0.01407882,0.000038003323,0.000031188312,0.000009190932,0.00037133726,0.97132504,0.0009676491,0.011835732,0.00078495994,0.00017231937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001660917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041619875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26627982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085576154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008804254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3874633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121888328","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21629","title":"Meso‐scale simulations of solid–liquid flow and strategies for meso–macro coupling","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Dimensionless quantity; Stokes number; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Stokes flow; Direct numerical simulation; Inertia; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.021973388996180003,"score_gpt":0.22798930053040256,"score_spread":0.20601591153422255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121888328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97763515,0.001048966,0.02067826,0.00005676319,0.00020647363,0.00011651941,0.000048523616,0.000030584917,0.00017874141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996314,0.0000050744534,0.003523416,0.000009759745,0.000109215216,0.0000024470364,0.0000011646617,0.000029541197,0.00000541037],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992611,0.000002741772,0.00035470154,0.000058749494,0.00009736201,0.00022534307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993152,0.00017552667,0.00006301437,0.00010269437,0.00015859434,0.00018496938],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016136219,0.0001251113,0.00023924667,0.00010854108,0.000056256882,0.00002134819,0.00014283464,0.00006396726,0.000021016676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008809842,0.00010434638,0.000069746726,0.000101709724,0.00006679999,0.00016197823,0.00001078509,0.00016960126,3.9270884e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011598114,0.0000024736162,0.000050312086,0.00007506949,0.00011284887,0.0000021222029,0.002177107,0.9660039,0.031015856,0.00040772543,0.00007658856,0.00006439881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040328648,0.000039233444,0.00016973773,0.00009459187,0.00009660289,0.000021921423,0.00019490073,0.920008,0.07793357,0.0004895781,0.00037165516,0.00017690565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000836406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020526667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046917718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006568956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101759215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42551216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122008605","doi":"10.1109/icmens.2004.1508964","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Electroosmotic Flows in Micro- and Nanochannels","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Electrokinetic phenomena; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Electric field; Electrolyte; Boltzmann equation; Poisson–Boltzmann equation; Poisson's equation; Mechanics; Electric potential; Electro-osmosis; Materials science; Physics; Ion; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Voltage; Electrophoresis; Nanotechnology; Electrode","score_opus":0.009915072515776651,"score_gpt":0.2294232904198843,"score_spread":0.21950821790410766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122008605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98665214,0.0006589973,0.0073242853,0.000030596115,0.000058622107,0.0001548869,0.0000023424543,0.00012729001,0.0049908236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822026,0.000014055687,0.0014463926,0.000017104136,0.000038915427,0.0000043534556,0.000003534261,0.00002022804,0.00023514572],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992764,0.000015896032,0.00029978697,0.0001263975,0.000097177675,0.00018434206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996522,0.00014777684,0.000026934717,0.0001083717,0.000045935583,0.000018785431],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011075908,0.00011890286,0.00019042054,0.0001435004,0.000022254502,0.000012611704,0.000042624662,0.000056257188,0.000018929262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019128855,0.000117903284,0.000023749613,0.00020935416,0.000020686583,0.00014960562,0.00002042516,0.00006354663,0.000011371675],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000053861,0.000014852217,0.006416812,0.00006498777,0.00001400797,0.0000012937853,0.00016854287,0.98113424,0.011316576,0.00051036855,0.0000596168,0.0002933432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061056117,0.000019736948,0.06294111,0.000024118266,0.000017923405,0.0000014193091,0.000052374635,0.92303973,0.011058787,0.0016822638,0.00037286163,0.00017911567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046790934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001219105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058094483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033674984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004347839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48079565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W212290173","doi":"10.1023/a:1010787823589","title":"A Lattice Gas Automaton Simulation of the Nonlinear Diffusion Equation: A Model for Moisture Flow in Unsaturated Porous Media","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transport in Porous Media","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Materials science; Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Multiphase flow; Molecular diffusion; Infiltration (HVAC); Isotropy; Thermodynamics; Porosity; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.027394359272499835,"score_gpt":0.2541368817058153,"score_spread":0.22674252243331544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W212290173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9773314,0.00034914407,0.020332513,0.00019781526,0.00040327437,0.0008278922,0.0000975903,0.00021518332,0.0002451732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958739,0.000116537216,0.0034858051,0.000060302053,0.000097524025,0.00005435862,0.00020921383,0.00006231716,0.000039995448],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808687,0.000031252435,0.00081289466,0.00026686885,0.00045187445,0.00035023293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998816,0.00052693044,0.000122472,0.00032582183,0.00014880205,0.000059972448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032461277,0.00027888097,0.00044459046,0.00018587332,0.000051501513,0.00000827663,0.00020429178,0.00023536733,0.000017115353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014611176,0.00023044842,0.0000924422,0.0006974876,0.00005831393,0.00021407624,0.000013691328,0.00026857722,0.0000030884187],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010294992,0.000091217415,0.025701415,0.00010920006,0.000021184167,0.000014278067,0.011828947,0.9602916,0.00022757018,0.000059763093,0.00001243862,0.0015393965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017648588,0.000011717387,0.08890553,0.00012428635,0.00005288182,0.0000026439081,0.00019908218,0.90792894,0.00010165726,0.0006030883,0.00008931091,0.0002159792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007882613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035297764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06320412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013455316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057444442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93974143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123254258","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2012.07.017","title":"An absorbing boundary condition for the lattice Boltzmann method based on the perfectly matched layer","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health; Compute Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computational aeroacoustics; Aeroacoustics; Mach number; Boundary layer; Perfectly matched layer; Boundary value problem; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mechanics; Acoustics; Sound pressure","score_opus":0.034893477357337666,"score_gpt":0.3046969747006521,"score_spread":0.26980349734331444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123254258","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10973371,0.00064572116,0.88489175,0.001052407,0.0015197478,0.0006734652,0.000020978703,0.00048477566,0.0009774585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9810718,0.000006961264,0.016157594,0.0018673339,0.0006634137,0.00011095085,0.00002332833,0.000062889296,0.00003570859],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988129,0.00013146887,0.0002343089,0.00018803577,0.00023271095,0.00040058754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9967792,0.0025112927,0.00003725478,0.00051184406,0.00008158845,0.000078842735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000956028,0.00023435164,0.00021007139,0.000065281405,0.0005226517,0.00015838197,0.00029710194,0.0000736951,0.0000466101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046465593,0.00015083105,0.00011929478,0.00015624907,0.00006787689,0.00030733537,0.000039410294,0.00019620603,0.000069874855],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007482875,0.00013326241,0.0010629483,0.00016322458,0.0004248451,0.0000019383192,0.006239907,0.9212541,0.008160535,0.008864344,0.038113743,0.0155063495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045796865,0.00006312012,0.012361374,0.0000307666,0.00009968324,0.0000025096986,0.00027203772,0.95513296,0.0016657613,0.0001681707,0.029517055,0.00022859061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005402356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014278081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8713381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008542732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014916581,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6150712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123378618","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2008.04.014","title":"An immersed boundary method for interfacial flows with insoluble surfactant","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Surface tension; Discretization; Mechanics; Stokes flow; Immersed boundary method; Eulerian path; Boundary value problem; Drop (telecommunication); Projection method; External flow; Physics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Lagrangian; Geometry; Computer science","score_opus":0.02806395485761088,"score_gpt":0.2964996787069828,"score_spread":0.2684357238493719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123378618","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34208682,0.00005775404,0.6574245,0.00003525993,0.00019118254,0.00006549557,0.000010135882,0.000023761875,0.00010510976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.79941595,0.000004387192,0.20016459,0.00004785347,0.00032720048,0.0000016532865,0.0000083256455,0.00002299832,0.000007059953],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991581,0.000023744342,0.00032247716,0.0000718182,0.00030185367,0.0001220342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990128,0.00021256407,0.00013901516,0.00006014291,0.00051442604,0.00006104251],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014019104,0.00011955373,0.0002467156,0.00005424031,0.0001265004,0.000029773793,0.00009568967,0.000025805195,0.0000053463777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010064193,0.000100163335,0.000082707484,0.00011973719,0.000034458375,0.00048198193,0.000008066812,0.00012895107,0.0000031356415],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011274383,0.000052875486,0.0003244955,0.000018371162,0.00018591748,0.000005158391,0.00091553415,0.9949999,0.00053961616,0.00030553632,0.00077484315,0.0017650446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015941965,0.00031672674,0.0061837793,0.000023888411,0.000049850056,0.00007879015,0.000121278084,0.9791846,0.00066734187,0.009301692,0.0022950408,0.00018277409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001157676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.567112e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45732912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063775035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011180726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4084542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123665396","doi":"10.1017/s0022112003005986","title":"Velocity measurements of a shear flow penetrating a porous medium","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Reynolds number; Rod; Materials science; Volume fraction; Shear velocity; Porosity; Particle image velocimetry; Porous medium; Cylinder; Slip (aerodynamics); Turbulence; Physics; Geometry; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03892245235854567,"score_gpt":0.25354163061039275,"score_spread":0.2146191782518471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123665396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7768551,0.005300478,0.20899473,0.00013857463,0.0036262192,0.00034144975,0.00001022759,0.000120467164,0.0046127285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97267383,0.0000834531,0.027080815,0.000030947056,0.00008975874,9.713207e-7,2.8339318e-7,0.000025712177,0.000014254173],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984667,0.000051268762,0.0006440437,0.00006947257,0.0005864031,0.00018213014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908644,0.00006753483,0.00019435352,0.00012952511,0.0004408139,0.000081337384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009681182,0.0001318535,0.0003208322,0.00011104244,0.000045020366,0.000015362564,0.00012202068,0.00006902416,0.000045751647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044833784,0.000119435295,0.00010200726,0.00017241335,0.000008022707,0.0001859713,0.000015485122,0.00018746169,0.000005083218],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000074989475,0.0002068795,0.0010015692,0.0004257925,0.0012058766,0.00006109992,0.0038497883,0.45835167,0.5247672,0.0015970682,0.00394209,0.0045159385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005483143,0.000791861,0.0022090848,0.00061001466,0.00058331556,0.00042385113,0.0015490141,0.3894201,0.5900404,0.004317836,0.0036556618,0.00091572746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010622202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002836011,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19581868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010369788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007405209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48704302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125584201","doi":"10.4208/cicp.2014.m314","title":"Effects of Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers on Heat Transfer Around a Circular Cylinder by the Simplified Thermal Lattice Boltzmann Model","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications in Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Nusselt number; Prandtl number; Turbulent Prandtl number; Reynolds number; Stagnation point; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Magnetic Prandtl number; Heat transfer; Physics; Film temperature; Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.05015328477678481,"score_gpt":0.29665195379762505,"score_spread":0.24649866902084022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2125584201","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80071384,0.0020375382,0.19236144,0.0008190655,0.00006087112,0.00061235856,0.00003378303,0.000112750946,0.003248337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99738425,0.000053242075,0.0022094774,0.00019526912,0.00002118047,0.000054604017,0.00004620331,0.000027404143,0.000008343304],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991185,0.00010667171,0.0002679213,0.00012814994,0.00024838335,0.00013033947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980018,0.0013090476,0.000018678262,0.00048596167,0.00014234739,0.000042122196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019179138,0.0001476742,0.00019052057,0.000038456903,0.00011971895,0.000028778666,0.000322517,0.000053799864,3.2551287e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003720674,0.00013119784,0.00004129289,0.00022584305,0.00019712602,0.00016374812,0.00008077518,0.00023451755,0.0000048047773],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015416479,0.0001095532,0.0001896739,0.000047816662,0.00007438076,1.7544276e-7,0.0024135595,0.9801533,0.00024308816,0.01585213,0.00021597517,0.0006849223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010658879,0.000018242996,0.0021533677,0.00003654868,0.00003916672,8.292532e-7,0.00022920109,0.97701836,0.00021080802,0.0189323,0.00015573773,0.00013957816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018502817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006813177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19667043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068969624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037369813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53500926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126860818","doi":"10.1142/s0129183108012571","title":"MULTI-RELAXATION TIME LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL FOR MULTIPHASE FLOWS","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Chapman University; University of Calgary","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Relaxation (psychology); Isotropy; Collision; Mechanics; Physics; Stability (learning theory); Kinetic energy; Operator (biology); Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook operator; Computer science; Classical mechanics; HPP model; Chemistry; Optics","score_opus":0.04498119067539737,"score_gpt":0.2903531516560471,"score_spread":0.24537196098064973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2126860818","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13439152,0.00020011861,0.86431897,0.00012027943,0.0005083712,0.00012674594,0.00005413464,0.000067637644,0.00021224587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91522914,0.00006579362,0.08343605,0.00008525543,0.00064753846,0.000008671818,0.000018986999,0.000047115955,0.00046144717],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987317,0.000012847106,0.0004972602,0.00011539544,0.00048186813,0.00016098208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99845296,0.00015828984,0.00023908028,0.00011350507,0.000967699,0.000068482346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013718569,0.00016858819,0.00023410255,0.00010584981,0.00007724114,0.00003065061,0.00029461517,0.00005733386,0.000008972294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009088244,0.00016499338,0.00019617856,0.0000551137,0.00003141109,0.00061593,0.000035613306,0.00016341661,0.000036007255],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006465829,0.00011816499,0.00011610447,0.000009706827,0.00033205835,0.000010599621,0.0014833437,0.98091525,0.009763082,0.00010934105,0.0009814653,0.0060962555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020875835,0.000021514108,0.0002489382,0.000031577572,0.00004255815,0.000031506897,0.000009575426,0.9926724,0.0011102519,0.0031411555,0.00043955777,0.00016339475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010423809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014265406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7808829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013990373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004547611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6728235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127229711","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2011.06.056","title":"Simulation of a mannequin’s thermal plume in a small room","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Centre for Supercomputing Applications; Syracuse University","keywords":"Plume; Buoyancy; Mechanics; Grid; Flow (mathematics); Thermal; Simulation; Scale (ratio); Micrometer; Computer science; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Meteorology; Physics; Engineering; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.03673423869300521,"score_gpt":0.23644735928839136,"score_spread":0.19971312059538615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127229711","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16587833,0.00005876519,0.82873327,0.000009490217,0.000020163705,0.0005780645,0.0000043378673,0.00018099933,0.004536606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8634364,0.0000032739422,0.13631895,0.000009775785,0.000017665463,0.0001625355,0.0000042934207,0.00002872629,0.000018352273],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992578,0.000008337077,0.00035108934,0.00013315737,0.000094691255,0.0001549007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925184,0.00020051019,0.00008960102,0.00034090993,0.000078362034,0.000038791426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008400537,0.00014069378,0.00021961516,0.00012896072,0.000031829502,0.000010607609,0.00017510416,0.000044474487,0.000013214436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000062350114,0.00012684852,0.00003281675,0.00028748118,0.000040061277,0.0000798026,0.0000406747,0.00007796035,0.000027959366],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055873306,0.00015012051,0.0011232247,0.00022818039,0.00006268489,0.0000010725439,0.00612114,0.9810073,0.00011869289,0.0088373665,0.000011307331,0.0023333256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004047079,0.000026314918,0.006085558,0.00008082502,0.000033060172,0.0000013785942,0.00022239386,0.98890126,0.00020471742,0.0036832702,0.00018013286,0.000176411],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005583376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020811942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6975581,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003545349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010353104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5172733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128976876","doi":"10.4271/2009-01-2238","title":"Effects of Notches on Surface Pressure Fluctuations Downstream of a Leading Edge Spoiler","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution; Downstream (manufacturing); Surface (topology); Surface pressure; Materials science; Mechanics; Physics; Geometry; Engineering; Telecommunications; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011955666656004598,"score_gpt":0.2609200126435616,"score_spread":0.24896434598755704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2128976876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845274,0.002509597,0.006946871,0.0002785337,0.003918085,0.00034264824,0.0000530064,0.00006192955,0.0013619445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990594,0.00008586829,0.00032410215,0.000019613028,0.00040319163,0.0000024473911,0.0000028944344,0.0000209444,0.0000815593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978035,0.00008955088,0.0009387787,0.00012945544,0.0008732573,0.00016546383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979655,0.0007282882,0.00046403168,0.00014940082,0.0006081632,0.00008462663],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034843915,0.000190188,0.00056543975,0.00020396659,0.000025011592,0.000031801694,0.00034195938,0.00012074468,0.000011224058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002700675,0.00016127054,0.00023622233,0.00015535326,0.000026502923,0.00021118365,0.00002848384,0.0002520147,0.000007683316],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011355671,0.00026257877,0.00034587656,0.00030521073,0.0018452774,0.00005106431,0.00089551794,0.38197744,0.6039875,0.006390171,0.0016880824,0.0021376994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011244378,0.0025416948,0.075169206,0.009698503,0.002037753,0.00041021698,0.0017236803,0.1589657,0.71994436,0.0033108292,0.013294921,0.0016587775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000847934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028788393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22301173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091838956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031971827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6576422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129747330","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20413","title":"Direct flow simulations of thixotropic liquids in agitated tanks","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Thixotropy; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Dimensionless quantity; Deborah number; Thermodynamics; Impeller; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Materials science","score_opus":0.008207717989926196,"score_gpt":0.20264695820145942,"score_spread":0.19443924021153322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2129747330","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99823767,0.00022774901,0.0003055182,0.0001229749,0.0005635833,0.00004956264,0.000010385802,0.000023165208,0.00045936377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990448,0.0000017025611,0.0007871209,0.00001087228,0.00012272592,9.201095e-7,0.0000012248104,0.000023552142,0.000007101202],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992385,0.0000066024745,0.00036969452,0.000049082788,0.00012567986,0.00021043737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992655,0.00027048108,0.000046164463,0.00013480382,0.00012278203,0.00016026926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014959862,0.000108677814,0.00021835837,0.00020181383,0.000023050956,0.00001954861,0.00019108335,0.00007942919,0.000037076024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047126503,0.00008891111,0.000061531646,0.00027811955,0.000049971553,0.000105558545,0.00000857224,0.00048715784,0.0000018299484],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020955129,0.000002501972,0.0004234104,0.000019795118,0.00004149025,0.000008411591,0.00036853662,0.9095389,0.089240745,0.00015050438,0.000060581526,0.00014302463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006092799,0.000018746221,0.0037000284,0.00012566106,0.00004523274,0.000034116198,0.000018955685,0.888881,0.1045412,0.00019544305,0.0015798968,0.00025038753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014127727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081206195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020657845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009132657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008914715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36256897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130831158","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22023","title":"A case study in multi‐scale model reduction: The effect of cell density on catalytic converter performance","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"AUTO21 Network of Centres of Excellence; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reduction (mathematics); Scale (ratio); Converters; Catalytic combustion; Transient (computer programming); Monolith; Methane; Range (aeronautics); Combustion; Catalytic converter; Computer science; Full scale; Steady state (chemistry); Catalysis; Computational fluid dynamics; Diffusion; Simulation; Process engineering; Materials science; Mechanics; Chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012420541935499832,"score_gpt":0.2041439086967935,"score_spread":0.19172336676129367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130831158","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989545,0.000039671133,0.0006607997,0.00002775045,0.00013011141,0.00013212183,8.957393e-7,0.000009068265,0.000045132332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999835,4.849683e-7,0.00007118234,0.0000072557714,0.00005777074,0.0000034031702,1.5361432e-7,0.000016928741,0.000007834581],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993528,0.00002154189,0.00026983942,0.000060079296,0.0001235799,0.00017217342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947065,0.00015654904,0.000046525685,0.00017354655,0.000045993944,0.00010674945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004288862,0.00012152213,0.00022206863,0.00009227205,0.000044775952,0.000016261598,0.00015259018,0.00003830191,0.0000016766628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056132605,0.00007623695,0.000051615705,0.00012758606,0.000041566924,0.000065611894,0.000010856092,0.0003590013,0.0000023043656],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009519914,0.000005959967,0.0019405306,0.00005465884,0.000028538168,0.00003845261,0.002083673,0.9902129,0.005438307,0.000001634736,0.00001849357,0.00016732144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006319119,0.00006712512,0.0004474324,0.000040451316,0.000042838314,0.00039099623,0.00008453684,0.9468316,0.051373493,0.0000011901744,0.0000047991966,0.00008364405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028941463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000247932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045935187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001529894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031119573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31088528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131336168","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2007-30116","title":"A Mean-Field Lattice Boltzmann Model for Electrokinetic Slip Flow","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; University of Calgary","keywords":"Electrokinetic phenomena; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Slip (aerodynamics); Mechanics; Microfluidics; Fluid dynamics; Boundary value problem; Physics; Stokes flow; No-slip condition; Boltzmann equation; Flow (mathematics); Surface tension; Classical mechanics; Statistical physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Boundary layer; Nanotechnology; Boundary layer thickness","score_opus":0.02112164648404247,"score_gpt":0.2647891452849568,"score_spread":0.24366749880091432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131336168","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.022339819,0.000342112,0.93238914,0.00016863184,0.0001872854,0.00033897438,0.000004667218,0.00068796147,0.043541405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94351816,0.0000218449,0.05261062,0.0004297511,0.000178166,0.000030214367,0.000005349191,0.000054274802,0.0031516443],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883586,0.0000040761133,0.00030222387,0.00019028061,0.00018083863,0.00048672792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914014,0.00042748742,0.000021805148,0.00021652623,0.00010991648,0.00008413039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002786868,0.00019108926,0.00020288539,0.000105422536,0.00008280374,0.000029754883,0.00012549626,0.000098749966,0.00004297958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000076748445,0.00017951183,0.00008933841,0.00015932709,0.000013158272,0.00015221273,0.000027101001,0.00012239283,0.00006364383],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009135633,0.000046418547,0.00018577854,0.00017081857,0.00022730012,0.0000040175128,0.0015763816,0.9355183,0.0046764924,0.02249005,0.021167012,0.013846061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051362254,0.000042766467,0.0001961169,0.0000074276004,0.000043836924,0.0000021088122,0.000087417386,0.9853857,0.006726922,0.0018232971,0.004928179,0.00024256026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045239944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013052422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92117834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058314625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010427631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.732028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131754814","doi":"10.1243/09544119jeim261","title":"Pore-scale analysis of Newtonian flow in the explicit geometry of vertebral trabecular bones using lattice Boltzmann simulation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Tortuosity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Dimensionless quantity; Geometry; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mechanics; Pressure drop; Porosity; Mathematics; Physics; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.028879431912912996,"score_gpt":0.25967344377881735,"score_spread":0.23079401186590434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131754814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9684962,0.0007055207,0.030149348,0.0000963814,0.00029653098,0.00018580414,0.0000053773615,0.000015954634,0.000048864287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960507,0.00014223819,0.003670498,0.000011650622,0.00009931984,0.000002528813,0.0000015619963,0.000019393741,0.0000020792274],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99720913,0.000015539708,0.0016056761,0.00012748755,0.0008193325,0.00022285501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985561,0.00026093298,0.0005294066,0.00016107831,0.00043210888,0.00006038456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001230494,0.00022769168,0.0010105886,0.0011467244,0.000030177162,0.0000032260261,0.0004205496,0.00013506282,0.000007449855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096586917,0.00015986509,0.0002671107,0.0025993614,0.000113583934,0.00029896223,0.00004078612,0.00040201494,7.722265e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044389453,0.00006254054,0.0025921646,0.00034041985,0.00036756613,0.0000035028684,0.0018576921,0.9731067,0.020549966,0.0010102829,0.000019467992,0.000045307588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012863632,0.00013250022,0.011234548,0.0009338759,0.00061557547,0.000023268058,0.00058545585,0.97322804,0.0117228255,0.000037588485,0.000066604385,0.00013334751],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019535084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027913209,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02755451,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107956614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034252967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6519109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133237244","doi":"10.1007/s10404-011-0881-7","title":"Self-priming of liquids in capillary autonomous microfluidic systems","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microfluidics and Nanofluidics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences; National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Microfluidics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary action; Materials science; Microchannel; Contact angle; Wetting; Bubble; Mechanics; Capillary number; Biological system; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.019985356395341713,"score_gpt":0.20527222596217548,"score_spread":0.18528686956683377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133237244","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71479326,0.2811254,0.0006873379,0.000009829045,0.0005094799,0.0003153652,0.00001983579,0.00026603212,0.0022734695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87866783,0.12045268,0.0006242166,0.00003258816,0.00005940439,0.000023235012,0.000007879669,0.00008102403,0.000051130814],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980036,0.000058842743,0.0008859514,0.00034237045,0.00021445438,0.00049480237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916106,0.00010163999,0.00009255664,0.00038266397,0.0001329423,0.00012915368],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045615554,0.0003691378,0.00060540135,0.0003937684,0.000091752234,0.00003098445,0.00023516151,0.00025453305,0.000014193765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002458174,0.00038204566,0.00008778936,0.0004203642,0.00013391336,0.00019920764,0.0001055826,0.00021458807,0.000018890349],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054025837,0.00021670017,0.021963352,0.0014328824,0.0003674869,0.000082740626,0.012696283,0.000030078974,0.94982344,0.003282916,0.00808245,0.0019676702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019595285,0.00020033012,0.008098545,0.00039576442,0.00018855793,0.00009097213,0.0013719932,0.0032170762,0.8844678,0.0001940983,0.09866263,0.0011527487],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001495085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018234318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16387458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001232503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073447634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133591138","doi":"10.1002/aic.14821","title":"Numerical study of turbulent liquid‐liquid dispersions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Schlumberger (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Breakup; Drop (telecommunication); Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Computer simulation; Materials science; Dissolution; Turbulence kinetic energy; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.040535616749079684,"score_gpt":0.28812655603752463,"score_spread":0.24759093928844494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133591138","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951588,0.00049634156,0.001759583,0.00025466067,0.00037998508,0.00010109575,8.6819e-7,0.000073067575,0.0017755793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939364,0.00002403468,0.00023053077,0.00003764246,0.00021017356,0.0000029036457,4.571851e-7,0.000022120019,0.00007850741],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998955,0.00005112569,0.00035030965,0.00008036837,0.00037710267,0.00018609625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993409,0.00006178162,0.00006539823,0.00015947924,0.00018593628,0.00018654119],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002724833,0.000118625845,0.00022181914,0.00008417535,0.00007075403,0.000019101102,0.00014264772,0.000039164694,0.000054403645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009099736,0.00009517637,0.00006102571,0.00016993738,0.000020530868,0.00015539855,0.000043094176,0.0002595184,0.000052341216],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037612428,0.0008006441,0.0077577117,0.000026873131,0.0007203009,0.00010594899,0.025802054,0.931859,0.0015841904,0.00007000836,0.030510943,0.0003861936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.049187023,0.04726922,0.12970473,0.00079935795,0.0030514002,0.0031024204,0.19839256,0.30952114,0.020662945,0.00093233294,0.23122768,0.006149194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000081913495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020389111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6223379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008722558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000267016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.388118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138945932","doi":"10.1109/tvcg.2008.201","title":"The Lattice-Boltzmann Method on Optimal Sampling Lattices","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"University of Rochester","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discretization; HPP model; Lattice (music); Lattice gas automaton; Cartesian coordinate system; Computer science; Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Computation; Statistical physics; Turbulence; Mathematical optimization; Computational science; Algorithm; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Geometry","score_opus":0.034706648380169,"score_gpt":0.32076944819472586,"score_spread":0.28606279981455685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138945932","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.01541135,0.00014147679,0.98282653,0.00012445563,0.0005884542,0.00018675001,0.00000687018,0.00047102768,0.00024307841],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99435157,0.00070823653,0.0036597752,0.0010245407,0.00012645086,0.000014430213,0.0000042026086,0.000035255096,0.000075540374],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988945,0.0000754509,0.00029817055,0.00024077293,0.00025841218,0.00023270931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990747,0.00048330319,0.000047083973,0.00022049456,0.000095792886,0.0000786554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002301667,0.00022825105,0.00018064011,0.00019563652,0.0006616037,0.00020330833,0.00011911766,0.00009562847,0.000006259992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031715642,0.00018499124,0.00008229871,0.0004172888,0.000052664825,0.0001763359,0.0000014244965,0.00022419936,0.000013113786],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052387477,0.00013405547,0.000019212519,0.0000359982,0.0001997505,0.000002420556,0.0014571169,0.64917934,0.00002905276,0.29096082,0.00031808918,0.057611775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039708303,0.00017936347,0.0010099862,0.000038608745,0.000054024043,0.000005138607,0.00007136054,0.99081796,0.00059553474,0.00066444295,0.005931483,0.00023499045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015525824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006318119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97916675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022892575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007323834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75437236},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2139397920","doi":"10.1002/fld.2269","title":"Spectrally accurate method for analysis of stationary flows of second‐order fluids in rough micro‐channels","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spectral method; Chebyshev filter; Domain (mathematical analysis); Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Fourier transform; Mathematics; Boundary value problem; Frequency domain; Fourier analysis; Computational fluid dynamics; Immersed boundary method; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Algorithm; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.04498192389520904,"score_gpt":0.4339753129652162,"score_spread":0.38899338907000713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2139397920","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07025584,0.00018218649,0.92628825,0.00021181427,0.0023402777,0.0002845615,0.0001912803,0.000022077798,0.00022370045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10757291,0.000041230698,0.8919008,0.00008005521,0.00019751817,0.00005571904,0.00003161293,0.000037787115,0.000082402505],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975833,0.0001797281,0.0013729776,0.00023444026,0.0003466168,0.0002829056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995729,0.002925112,0.00022456732,0.00016351817,0.00089350145,0.000064290216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021259738,0.0002191542,0.0007278995,0.0011487409,0.00003469351,0.000039465718,0.00046138352,0.00014001259,0.00024942344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013954223,0.00021086562,0.00039183797,0.0009674751,0.000045831872,0.0003190136,0.000058074354,0.00039463435,8.3836125e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025606016,0.00016431382,0.0029629376,0.0000721153,0.0024685222,0.0000064161018,0.0011592486,0.5799512,0.3779057,0.002428276,0.0003474094,0.032277763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014842662,0.00008891791,0.011795021,0.000033192497,0.00021118061,0.000014327219,0.00013505432,0.942341,0.028934466,0.009652277,0.005065498,0.00024477605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019529925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039407623,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3623898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001298636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006191578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85988504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140570979","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21664","title":"Construction of lattice‐Boltzmann schemes for non‐Newtonian and two‐phase flows","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Nonlinear system; Rheology; Collision; Boltzmann equation; Constitutive equation; Moment (physics); Newtonian fluid; Algebraic number; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Lattice (music); Classical mechanics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Computer science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013873463996952981,"score_gpt":0.2402445811715999,"score_spread":0.22637111717464692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140570979","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893667,0.0014608467,0.008375285,0.00014379426,0.00041769503,0.00010746836,0.000014127694,0.000018025285,0.000096071984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98809624,0.0000059263994,0.01151047,0.0000137080915,0.0003388696,0.000003263277,0.000001173653,0.000026075948,0.0000043013806],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925077,0.0000042440615,0.00032039545,0.00004625107,0.00010012043,0.00027819583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992838,0.00014716116,0.00006899211,0.00009530336,0.00010994912,0.00029481814],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002381675,0.00012332886,0.00023223321,0.000118780416,0.000046597466,0.000021398671,0.0001049438,0.000055511035,0.000009507015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014230834,0.00010190189,0.00006803613,0.00010562158,0.000065462125,0.00019591858,0.000009171527,0.00017963476,8.9257867e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110004476,0.000058083268,0.006628584,0.0014781842,0.0017243007,0.000015029587,0.008021809,0.28204784,0.660062,0.012371463,0.0014675412,0.026015162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004254884,0.00007879034,0.00064331107,0.00033442475,0.00038535646,0.00035328677,0.00020390785,0.717934,0.25093842,0.0004211535,0.023863854,0.0005885972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041223837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000286667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43588617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008905906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051686766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41554382},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142042685","doi":"10.1115/fuelcell2012-91159","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Effective Thermal Conductivity of an Anisotropic Gas Diffusion Layer","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Compute Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Microscale chemistry; Thermal conductivity; Anisotropy; Materials science; Thermal diffusivity; Boltzmann equation; Work (physics); Thermal; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.0252569784617564,"score_gpt":0.25935503086580836,"score_spread":0.23409805240405196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142042685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903567,0.00020474916,0.0045183403,0.000015753942,0.00024701454,0.00026120906,0.0000047031212,0.0000890894,0.004302441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932003,0.0000057637035,0.0005109856,0.0000152141265,0.000081377155,0.000008810708,8.634736e-7,0.000023080835,0.000033860673],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992084,0.00008123466,0.00021347233,0.000096122436,0.00019838876,0.00020240337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993819,0.0001339604,0.000052673236,0.00029803562,0.000090524045,0.00004292648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018497293,0.00013290378,0.00022265747,0.000036130445,0.000062326675,0.0000052006144,0.00011952507,0.00006050303,0.000038814997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003961894,0.000087003886,0.00007094168,0.00012600207,0.000053580494,0.00040101298,0.000092480404,0.000110109984,0.000006679617],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003484169,0.00024668768,0.081206635,0.00020102148,0.00020869864,2.5936075e-7,0.0050771083,0.6718146,0.23614366,0.0026734597,0.000022524891,0.0023704802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062264176,0.00004351091,0.20475009,0.00003288733,0.00008077868,0.0000016088551,0.00059212325,0.72774243,0.06560985,0.00027724486,0.000052388234,0.00019442647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062644714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015094295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1705338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030251198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051221987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35479155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143326178","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9991(03)00098-6","title":"A finite element technique for multifluid incompressible flow using Eulerian grids","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Mathematics; Eulerian path; Preconditioner; Compressibility; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Free surface; Grid; Hexahedron; Incompressible flow; Navier–Stokes equations; Uniqueness; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Geometry; Physics; Linear system","score_opus":0.032384890179677155,"score_gpt":0.2903747824556567,"score_spread":0.2579898922759795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2143326178","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0123188775,0.0001303023,0.9867049,0.000018651794,0.0003054351,0.00019974595,0.000017070508,0.000027361373,0.00027768366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.68360037,0.000004294442,0.31608292,0.000034335186,0.00023882877,0.00000706746,0.000004499089,0.00002211122,0.000005553968],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907666,0.000027031456,0.0004330609,0.00006763637,0.0002587718,0.00013683164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99897945,0.00030582462,0.00015936805,0.00006268339,0.00044411272,0.000048554954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021495682,0.00012481344,0.00021848499,0.00007784579,0.000087610264,0.000034031196,0.00007810689,0.000032440847,0.000007953857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004818752,0.00012024539,0.000116404546,0.0001475976,0.000019871857,0.00024623322,0.000017354942,0.000113277,0.000002253463],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010602857,0.000038284008,0.00008474741,0.000045954344,0.000113622475,0.0000015309054,0.00013505254,0.9944316,0.0025415712,0.0013960388,0.00040712854,0.000793833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008768668,0.000050493858,0.00022696609,0.00006693463,0.000041445004,0.0000128614665,0.000032245633,0.9478048,0.0069295247,0.04149107,0.0023182826,0.00014849998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.1276306e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.334506e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6712815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009384629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006483746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4903465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144731775","doi":"10.1063/1.3660258","title":"Simulations of granular bed erosion due to laminar shear flow near the critical Shields number","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Physics; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Newtonian fluid; SPHERES; Classical mechanics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.031486993629802625,"score_gpt":0.2748379312787205,"score_spread":0.2433509376489179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144731775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92414415,0.00006894064,0.073270544,0.00013927517,0.0002066493,0.00021629958,0.0000525741,0.00009961939,0.0018019232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889154,0.00000356255,0.010914178,0.000046142428,0.00006620521,0.000008034766,0.0000047328813,0.000029211544,0.000012540544],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991821,0.000026676318,0.00027198717,0.000117435666,0.00023047913,0.00017129042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913657,0.00026739488,0.00001808576,0.0003464199,0.00018297348,0.00004853259],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009569524,0.00012929659,0.00023681165,0.000020139578,0.00010922668,0.000013946226,0.00015427328,0.000053920037,0.00007975691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008685036,0.000107156375,0.00008883625,0.00023978383,0.00016005395,0.000149663,0.00007036424,0.000103676364,0.00006110844],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010782168,0.0006027729,0.014661205,0.0005853926,0.0003292976,0.000008327142,0.050000437,0.78990906,0.067005046,0.06875868,0.0029052228,0.0051267627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063099817,0.00014428205,0.03409983,0.000117681535,0.00021416976,0.0000018756732,0.0002644047,0.87231004,0.07270041,0.018018052,0.0010423756,0.0004558987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032395084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029967778,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.082400985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013917046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011239112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43697104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2145877134","doi":"10.1155/2014/871021","title":"Coupling Two-Phase Fluid Flow with Two-Phase Darcy Flow in Anisotropic Porous Media","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","keywords":"Porous medium; Darcy's law; Anisotropy; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Darcy number; Stokes flow; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Coupling (piping); Phase (matter); Darcy–Weisbach equation; Two-phase flow; Porosity; Physics; Optics; Heat transfer; Natural convection; Composite material","score_opus":0.009027420203114069,"score_gpt":0.2719531791608133,"score_spread":0.2629257589576992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2145877134","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30882215,0.002078689,0.6871494,0.000026560938,0.0007798818,0.00031226495,0.00001321974,0.00061831303,0.0001995288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9506254,0.00026849066,0.04860341,0.000028826575,0.00026285226,0.00007443126,0.000020799904,0.00011088968,0.0000048499455],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977909,0.000021858721,0.0006453496,0.00045984067,0.00038727067,0.0006948069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880064,0.0005233915,0.00004937327,0.0004097987,0.000052677122,0.00016414895],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003750249,0.00043444193,0.000617743,0.00028575884,0.000050664246,0.000050605802,0.0002765436,0.00009981629,0.000025995932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003298491,0.00042386577,0.000055541794,0.000613366,0.000039487546,0.0008549978,0.00008326732,0.0004993203,0.000019870311],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050338047,0.00007695671,0.00007472484,0.000103487764,0.000022706403,0.00006738435,0.00018349936,0.97833925,0.0044221114,0.0032625753,0.0000023676207,0.013394618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007822206,0.00013946394,0.000039396855,0.00022817822,0.000021571626,0.000011707375,0.00006271304,0.98712105,0.0024320474,0.00037021356,0.0012455245,0.00050595275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007220178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015369694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6418033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020997348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000152455705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2147208122","doi":"10.1002/fld.1614","title":"Fluid flow simulation at open–porous medium interface using the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Open-channel flow; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Physics; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.08707187677265897,"score_gpt":0.47476684199285046,"score_spread":0.3876949652201915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2147208122","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0077091907,0.00079389627,0.98281306,0.0006213698,0.0064462484,0.0004711291,0.000018163877,0.00009768315,0.0010292779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.14541575,0.000047195354,0.85271513,0.0004247666,0.00096336886,0.000019854726,0.0000067541273,0.00008790589,0.00031924294],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968295,0.00040883262,0.0012099466,0.00033355373,0.0006820799,0.0005361072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9935638,0.0051853773,0.00020088234,0.00028334995,0.0006046542,0.0001619784],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00620142,0.00033320993,0.00047231556,0.0003156914,0.00032165385,0.00030107572,0.0012351704,0.00016622937,0.0001536868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018233344,0.00026094422,0.00020253495,0.00041613373,0.00007931384,0.0006300379,0.00050840434,0.0005694582,0.000016589316],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003214495,0.000051060175,0.00044806785,0.0000135858045,0.00033292416,0.000025957232,0.0010690835,0.9102034,0.012729059,0.00029911057,0.00064296473,0.073863335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011617559,0.00005554792,0.0011981474,0.00006309536,0.00006835018,0.0001924245,0.0003028626,0.93122417,0.009262134,0.003301346,0.05285174,0.0003184502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026306048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013859035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13770656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010848984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044943972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148028895","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2008.07.007","title":"Mixing by solid particles","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Scalar (mathematics); Mechanics; Laminar flow; Fluid dynamics; Mixing (physics); Particle (ecology); Classical mechanics; Physics; Magnetosphere particle motion; SPHERES; Flow (mathematics); Reynolds number; Mathematics; Geometry; Turbulence","score_opus":0.012555321307764204,"score_gpt":0.2019753389710815,"score_spread":0.18942001766331729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148028895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91958433,0.0014263634,0.077309266,0.00009165473,0.00006978504,0.0003086489,0.00001428051,0.0002935012,0.0009021943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990604,0.00071131974,0.0000471518,0.000018824752,0.00002974655,0.00003534416,0.000007348095,0.000015628746,0.00007425524],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995185,0.000007891119,0.00012871872,0.00011896572,0.00009891445,0.00012702086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988395,0.00000798279,0.000019413303,0.000049689617,0.0000021149735,0.000036868998],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040097326,0.00009414829,0.000084562635,0.000016985397,0.00025912636,0.00000748207,0.00002360003,0.00003889918,0.000024968766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004296555,0.00009397073,0.000014146239,0.00004164905,0.00006829068,0.00023197629,0.000015666095,0.00008101674,0.000026264393],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026437314,0.00021185151,0.015440206,0.0005143698,0.0002209356,0.000010156881,0.008218017,0.7651981,0.14259824,0.000026431439,0.00030184616,0.066995464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019917337,0.00016481847,0.03675132,0.00005653565,0.000052825017,0.00015298545,0.0019001279,0.83033526,0.10993264,0.0009812242,0.016721722,0.0009588029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034117643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3386633e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07947607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043006814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011486167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3832015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148637725","doi":"10.1021/la503364b","title":"The Critical Conditions for Coalescence in Phase Field Simulations of Colliding Droplets in Shear","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Coalescence (physics); Capillary action; Mechanics; Critical point (mathematics); Materials science; Turbulence; Capillary number; Shear flow; Condensed matter physics; Physics; Composite material; Geometry","score_opus":0.025990387780858472,"score_gpt":0.3447932822345076,"score_spread":0.3188028944536491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148637725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756894,0.00013015338,0.02124602,0.0009879535,0.00016111457,0.00031735346,0.00006412851,0.00006933593,0.0013345039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956876,0.000004315033,0.0002853856,0.000046322133,0.000032445183,0.000028108181,0.000006531464,0.000008576984,0.000019570814],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995321,0.000019527473,0.00019210875,0.00006383258,0.000060583687,0.00013187125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976606,0.0021880711,0.000012662049,0.00008774605,0.000035999772,0.000014947956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012019502,0.000052520867,0.00010934108,0.00005211606,0.00007222136,0.000011133269,0.000057372057,0.000033428358,0.000008561205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005198717,0.000045317243,0.000021521111,0.00012999417,0.000036247788,0.00005810728,0.000011962382,0.00006118191,0.000003211032],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010919485,0.00042195368,0.045361906,0.00070839666,0.00007093016,0.000008245009,0.0072853523,0.6861289,0.021135934,0.22791278,0.007087461,0.0037689107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013778748,0.00004880643,0.015535911,0.00007335959,0.000011403394,6.197672e-7,0.0003119711,0.97032326,0.0020203844,0.0031887107,0.0069806767,0.00012701994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009248689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015354484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28419432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019998732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004484975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18479836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149100636","doi":"10.1142/s0129183114410113","title":"Lattice Boltzmann models based on Gauss quadratures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Victoria","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Couette flow; Gauss; Cartesian coordinate system; Knudsen number; Quadrature (astronomy); Mathematical analysis; Distribution function; Physics; Statistical physics; Flow (mathematics); Geometry; Mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.021751990151507365,"score_gpt":0.26573199983337525,"score_spread":0.2439800096818679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149100636","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.062421404,0.00017755743,0.9149281,0.0006800805,0.0016716352,0.00006845763,0.000018563,0.000104532664,0.019929692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99649113,0.000016111608,0.0018400557,0.000495461,0.0010539452,0.0000019269385,0.000005029238,0.000036862348,0.000059476606],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985977,0.00003378413,0.00037011883,0.000104582134,0.0007491487,0.00014470302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988173,0.00025759728,0.00016895188,0.0001541482,0.00053621473,0.0000657455],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020260824,0.00016386928,0.0002193863,0.00011779178,0.000036656544,0.00007693446,0.0003684005,0.000051004816,0.000010633367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005424936,0.00014591652,0.0001450141,0.000064013155,0.000027384674,0.00039279374,0.000028417006,0.00026833866,0.000025168767],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004682218,0.000059197897,0.00008241357,0.000009017831,0.00016862739,0.000007241033,0.00023475144,0.9804123,0.0005598519,0.007277893,0.0010317609,0.010110098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068464386,0.000043329015,0.0004172631,0.00007546034,0.000025734893,0.0000050962526,0.000010698646,0.9258166,0.0013449561,0.07018654,0.0012510095,0.00013869876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000107368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.914886e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93406975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008798195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002133447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5950303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152024784","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21792","title":"<scp>MHD</scp> flow of blood through a dually stenosed artery: Effects of viscosity variation, variable hematocrit and velocity‐slip","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hematocrit; Mechanics; Magnetohydrodynamics; Shear stress; Pressure gradient; Slip (aerodynamics); Shear rate; Flow velocity; Viscosity; Materials science; Magnetic field; Physics; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Medicine; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.00478928151612467,"score_gpt":0.16865583528350903,"score_spread":0.16386655376738435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152024784","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98948985,0.0010848435,0.008645995,0.000074816686,0.0002072971,0.0002007452,0.000008754174,0.000025086998,0.0002625845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930263,0.000008669221,0.0067902342,0.000024782843,0.00010058436,0.0000054632487,0.0000010402314,0.000030220659,0.000012668605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989193,0.000017051992,0.00048895023,0.00008456658,0.00020849069,0.0002816241],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986249,0.00060164375,0.00013174162,0.00016603668,0.0002636923,0.00021194557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002030956,0.00017460014,0.00041832495,0.00010433664,0.000044176344,0.00003990829,0.00019488753,0.00009475763,0.000013140715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005783105,0.00014690902,0.000069029156,0.00023245088,0.000063378044,0.00026010573,0.000023833356,0.0002695865,0.0000018506495],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005642733,0.00005610385,0.0009886927,0.0024183588,0.0020528687,0.000040865158,0.011985084,0.43109325,0.5463859,0.0023966015,0.0023331146,0.00024355811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038245027,0.00018642221,0.017475635,0.0014420251,0.0010595812,0.00033658877,0.0001953666,0.43818888,0.5319711,0.0041699824,0.0006809482,0.00046896836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040063637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021451242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016486943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065625325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010922983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5990776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152609543","doi":"10.1590/s1678-58782009000400009","title":"Computations of the flow past a still sphere at moderate reynolds numbers using an immersed boundary method","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Reynolds number; Slip (aerodynamics); Computation; Mathematics; Mechanics; Incompressible flow; Compressibility; Flow (mathematics); Immersed boundary method; Momentum (technical analysis); Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.024056070037403187,"score_gpt":0.27985041994402904,"score_spread":0.25579434990662586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152609543","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.836575,0.00040563324,0.16194567,0.0005699274,0.00036437367,0.00008358835,0.000005011291,0.000017318673,0.000033519955],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89796,0.000040095478,0.10186318,0.00006074368,0.000060367514,1.7744306e-7,7.769537e-8,0.000007639696,0.00000771467],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989251,0.00003561691,0.0003968718,0.00009627798,0.0003717668,0.00017435651],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994394,0.00011151078,0.00017528531,0.00011905966,0.0000858195,0.0000689256],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066718267,0.00011763664,0.0002601947,0.000019512045,0.00022329025,0.00003572147,0.00029299926,0.000060111626,0.0000060054494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032227803,0.000071951006,0.00023749551,0.00035448233,0.0001071589,0.0002529998,0.0000741111,0.00018349057,8.645333e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004448565,0.000012390256,0.00007274345,0.00003128602,0.000047833826,1.6782194e-7,0.0009784388,0.96903145,0.028554006,0.0001361494,0.00009306355,0.0010379999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025545285,0.00004820744,0.0028436712,0.00012997132,0.00004806693,0.000024430292,0.00064458785,0.99146444,0.003726952,0.0005757759,0.00015092512,0.00008749586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060867937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039134325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06138505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067954636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031993153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29340768},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153166947","doi":"10.1002/nme.3356","title":"A high‐order accurate particle‐in‐cell method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Advection; Regularization (linguistics); Numerical diffusion; Eulerian path; Applied mathematics; Grid; Compressibility; Interpolation (computer graphics); Mathematics; Rate of convergence; Convergence (economics); Mathematical optimization; Computer science; Classical mechanics; Physics; Key (lock); Mechanics; Geometry; Lagrangian; Motion (physics)","score_opus":0.044791542699382736,"score_gpt":0.41450926613407046,"score_spread":0.36971772343468773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153166947","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.016395552,0.0008050703,0.9776234,0.00016121003,0.0046185553,0.00013353369,0.000005084664,0.000103276274,0.00015431542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.401912,0.000049711114,0.59746665,0.000043722495,0.0004150017,0.00003760352,0.0000013567967,0.000040665935,0.00003327241],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99841976,0.00009001031,0.0006055243,0.00013398573,0.00025291267,0.0004977928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983893,0.0011730867,0.00006647005,0.000100094694,0.00013179402,0.00013923107],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013843473,0.0002041432,0.00030761698,0.00027666023,0.000028397186,0.00006430688,0.00026818144,0.00008133014,0.000046181936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007262853,0.0001991293,0.00010184405,0.0003581844,0.000009032441,0.0005094207,0.000057211404,0.00041916932,0.000011645777],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001872561,0.000055899945,0.0021423735,0.00002615225,0.00008107741,0.000009128903,0.00047954934,0.9697034,0.0070190257,0.0011257184,0.0000590499,0.0192799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012157147,0.000020430696,0.007856388,0.000058196834,0.00001933368,0.000055259527,0.00011153462,0.9632017,0.012048812,0.00075996044,0.014310942,0.0003417535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007079365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.786359e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38551643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029913714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010877429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8120257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154264947","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2013.10.026","title":"An immersed boundary–body conformal enrichment method for thermal flow problems","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Conformal map; Thermal conduction; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Discretization; Cylinder; Finite element method; Heat flux; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Boundary (topology); Materials science; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.014252716273165034,"score_gpt":0.26426129855906005,"score_spread":0.250008582285895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154264947","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.071308024,0.0002795388,0.9244138,0.00011397708,0.0010684768,0.0009584741,0.000011927949,0.00052889535,0.0013169062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.766768,0.0000102476115,0.23197825,0.00036128808,0.0003713939,0.00025969723,0.00006459135,0.00006912677,0.00011742465],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987533,0.000033595927,0.0003490194,0.00024047725,0.00018593192,0.0004376406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922556,0.00014637285,0.000031717413,0.00032330235,0.00014121491,0.00013182434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021502045,0.0002564044,0.00028892024,0.00008907802,0.00017409195,0.00018656289,0.000246456,0.000079845595,0.00008841175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000058507403,0.00023642417,0.00010285157,0.000110522444,0.000045329158,0.0005427661,0.000060905542,0.00010776094,0.00011380694],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022314636,0.00009412949,0.00044830894,0.00024150359,0.0005070207,0.0000022777738,0.004692436,0.75917256,0.06312553,0.0009073973,0.020832738,0.14995377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009773023,0.00014422633,0.004221905,0.0000161659,0.000031357355,0.0000024230462,0.000104043356,0.97236,0.0014746537,0.000108806526,0.020252537,0.00030654136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017610164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010685783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69545996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007997703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020484782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9641098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156879890","doi":"10.1021/ie100442e","title":"Potential of Microchannel Flow for Agglomerate Breakage","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Schlumberger (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Agglomerate; Breakage; Microchannel; Laminar flow; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.05403551019327589,"score_gpt":0.3124551353475937,"score_spread":0.2584196251543178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156879890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961267,0.00018223804,0.0009198689,0.000088450695,0.0010156936,0.00045156069,0.0001630529,0.00030531955,0.00074712967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99723566,0.000014627058,0.0005743412,0.0000012990015,0.0015509952,0.00007790161,0.000034608787,0.000071710754,0.00043883512],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984282,0.000009320068,0.00035906717,0.00023757506,0.00040052572,0.00056526146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884224,0.00030809845,0.000029455054,0.00033562872,0.00034351516,0.00014106066],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006551595,0.00020115843,0.00028335972,0.00011658432,0.000087630455,0.00005403692,0.00030526423,0.00035487665,0.00009358988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005422623,0.00022002464,0.000106947155,0.00038185515,0.00008484466,0.00009792952,0.00009425098,0.0010163998,0.000012099943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023872106,0.000016260448,0.000020659943,0.00018469246,0.00007378349,0.0000035772987,0.00005737654,0.13462421,0.8625613,0.000018091627,0.0016769709,0.0007392425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00099913,0.000016209086,0.000049530103,0.000041637635,0.0000144106025,0.0000074121704,0.00004014604,0.1926661,0.79858804,0.000031888154,0.0073433598,0.00020213725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000868835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.6811144e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063973226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055849418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005852212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89723444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156988762","doi":"10.1017/s0022112010005926","title":"Peristaltic pumping of rigid objects in an elastic tube","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Physics; Amplitude; Classical mechanics; Entrainment (biomusicology); Traction (geology); Optics; Acoustics; Geology","score_opus":0.03352707505216482,"score_gpt":0.24605456447153415,"score_spread":0.21252748941936933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156988762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98151046,0.0004585507,0.016846795,0.000004820218,0.00055461674,0.0000660541,0.0000019184315,0.00002710696,0.0005296548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971306,0.000104038125,0.0026520975,0.000013023846,0.00006717287,9.239107e-7,2.681941e-7,0.000025437197,0.0000064651204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989178,0.000028940012,0.00058714516,0.00006866606,0.00022543216,0.00017198928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994105,0.000058878304,0.00013597535,0.00013784919,0.00018244056,0.000074361094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032268965,0.000117075855,0.00031075953,0.00023365923,0.00002096668,0.00000978603,0.00014841883,0.000060242008,0.000040761908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000109076966,0.00010759569,0.00007269234,0.00018374046,0.000010096479,0.0003259411,0.000025708638,0.00018621265,0.00000556089],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004888298,0.00078915857,0.005031274,0.0012942454,0.00079913397,0.0005507467,0.05937843,0.30129978,0.6097876,0.014753088,0.00024584672,0.0055818926],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028568772,0.0011740081,0.012887356,0.00071066344,0.00024941206,0.00019901343,0.005187147,0.85016596,0.11859542,0.007087606,0.00023768492,0.0006488798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003046354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015016638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54886615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007936014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033781856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4387625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157199364","doi":"10.2514/6.2008-2972","title":"On the Accuracy of Multi-Block Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Aeroacoustic Simulations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Block (permutation group theory); Computer science; Acoustics; Physics; Statistical physics; Computational physics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.09083570231920676,"score_gpt":0.3673755102573867,"score_spread":0.2765398079381799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157199364","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15421838,0.0003296694,0.83894813,0.00031812876,0.00032797942,0.0010142743,0.000043159074,0.00043630518,0.004363947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9046692,0.00002155964,0.09427251,0.0001578043,0.000045350567,0.000044035613,0.0000042166407,0.000037583388,0.0007477271],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908996,0.000054656073,0.00034920208,0.00015370281,0.00013599284,0.00021651886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911527,0.008195335,0.000062575324,0.00036163634,0.00018744187,0.000040306837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023460494,0.0001723547,0.00023446376,0.0000803705,0.00023512982,0.000011263568,0.00016396833,0.00006207893,0.00007084727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015653893,0.00011960695,0.00010482125,0.00022425543,0.0000758603,0.000112096925,0.00003593035,0.0001107809,0.000028693248],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010798134,0.0000529745,0.00013883496,0.000050011593,0.00014276106,3.9780576e-7,0.00077535457,0.9887007,0.0021035988,0.0046788207,0.0025373292,0.0008084041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059146225,0.000029917237,0.0024215668,0.000013906747,0.00006538978,0.000002166856,0.00013243487,0.9883762,0.0036692573,0.00068291806,0.003840548,0.00017424343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006085565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064774513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75045085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003190528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015183831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.487743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157729739","doi":"10.1109/icmens.2004.1508919","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Bubble Dynamics in Microchannels","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Bubble; Boltzmann equation; Mechanics; Laplace transform; Physics; Contact angle; Molecular dynamics; Statistical physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.010885682604316153,"score_gpt":0.23606515815221504,"score_spread":0.22517947554789888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157729739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91859853,0.00029359479,0.016861461,0.000089907546,0.00014356054,0.00019828379,0.000039581235,0.00027121318,0.06350387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965803,0.00000639162,0.0022721363,0.000016397413,0.00003862132,0.0000041885814,0.000024548674,0.000024438034,0.0010329577],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921376,0.000010182705,0.00035542177,0.0001129841,0.00011728142,0.00019035941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955684,0.0001583803,0.00003033,0.00016337303,0.00007166209,0.000019420231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069095164,0.00011846383,0.00018952448,0.0001643669,0.000027412714,0.000011364969,0.00008070103,0.00006056832,0.00005807734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016330016,0.00012269188,0.000037485876,0.0003353847,0.00002919855,0.00015233188,0.000029294177,0.00007484224,0.000031578198],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022941038,0.000035843917,0.013793654,0.00004476857,0.000016384512,0.0000013393154,0.00009941234,0.9738323,0.00095646724,0.010717683,0.0003949645,0.000104861145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045101106,0.0000072977846,0.018145263,0.000018868368,0.00001417926,8.0705905e-7,0.00019955308,0.974738,0.0022439326,0.0031910643,0.0008151355,0.00017489686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021036816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019142478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07798179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011906789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006979177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50032294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164413090","doi":"10.1016/j.jnnfm.2012.07.006","title":"Direct simulations of spherical particles sedimenting in viscoelastic fluids","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Viscoelasticity; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; SPHERES; Immersed boundary method; Drag; Classical mechanics; Settling; Reynolds number; Cylinder; Physics; Weissenberg number; Sedimentation; Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Boundary (topology); Mathematics; Geometry; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Turbulence","score_opus":0.01729073515270785,"score_gpt":0.2610236326008912,"score_spread":0.24373289744818333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164413090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8843446,0.0011563151,0.11297184,0.000054081866,0.00086448505,0.00013152466,0.000007028041,0.000040246297,0.00042991355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856033,0.00006399552,0.014006371,0.000022060452,0.00024701492,0.000001685752,7.053582e-7,0.000038741124,0.000016182343],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99821585,0.000049280054,0.0008995955,0.00008386954,0.00037154826,0.00037985417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990123,0.00033523675,0.00019164226,0.00014975845,0.00015975296,0.0001513131],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005507385,0.00017789936,0.00044714275,0.00018980652,0.000047491056,0.000018941108,0.00014349307,0.000085588275,0.000050958217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022990094,0.00016477986,0.00012683586,0.00043111143,0.000018882625,0.0004780114,0.000051822666,0.00020924764,0.000013590369],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033859847,0.00019337969,0.007267494,0.00010647669,0.00019600308,0.000010313089,0.001929333,0.60654294,0.38175333,0.0002722487,0.00029767051,0.0013969733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009456212,0.00010189984,0.005397465,0.00017875034,0.0001229682,0.000017593735,0.0003343876,0.94275594,0.048944928,0.0001992637,0.0007878199,0.00021334107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028558482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000046130212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33621305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001367947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000378864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6719527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2166796552","doi":"10.1002/fld.1752","title":"Three‐dimensional free surface flow simulation of segregating dense suspensions","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Free surface; Materials science; Molding (decorative); Rheology; Piston (optics); Flow (mathematics); Eulerian path; Particle (ecology); Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Lagrangian; Geology; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.07531640216953804,"score_gpt":0.39976277852072506,"score_spread":0.324446376351187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2166796552","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15805577,0.0003815456,0.83883053,0.0002136599,0.0020973256,0.00015689658,0.000022672251,0.00006574715,0.00017586656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.47187766,0.000027860748,0.5277793,0.000045065077,0.00019956916,0.0000042509023,0.0000052512783,0.000030103218,0.00003096431],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980091,0.0001152786,0.0008520791,0.00018468,0.0005815516,0.00025729975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960568,0.0028164014,0.000138253,0.00016472038,0.00072473974,0.00009911606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008272214,0.00019866847,0.00037499712,0.00021732353,0.00014194804,0.000024854135,0.00034307275,0.00010431576,0.000095729985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002157329,0.00018603679,0.00020241512,0.00026347802,0.00008361203,0.00027651084,0.00011937148,0.0003357604,0.0000062508952],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008187504,0.00004665978,0.0052599865,0.000008034622,0.00015551431,0.000025536872,0.00022661773,0.9760757,0.005483009,0.00013237908,0.0008930023,0.0116116665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011448046,0.000048585232,0.0077027488,0.0000648161,0.000020019876,0.00011995081,0.000029643476,0.9815024,0.0021706496,0.0058076098,0.0011996104,0.00018917095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001453062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072183366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3138219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020338166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046043628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.758636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169733793","doi":"10.71781/15487","title":"Une nouvelle mise en oeuvre de la méthode IIM pour les équations de Navier-Stokes en présence d'une force singulière","year":2009,"lang":"fr","type":"dissertation","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.03232710597281763,"score_gpt":0.33655890174566067,"score_spread":0.30423179577284304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2169733793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8236007,0.0028340418,0.065261774,0.0027793534,0.0008343882,0.0020077077,0.00024210195,0.00006202179,0.1023779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6324416,0.0004047923,0.24654403,0.00005101987,0.00047058132,0.00011529303,0.0006314723,0.0001621532,0.11917906],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99695694,0.0005137601,0.00078507984,0.0006502027,0.0003887914,0.0007052439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99685,0.0018826904,0.00031465336,0.00048528594,0.00025875831,0.00020857815],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009984663,0.0006785004,0.0007268583,0.0001830354,0.0006643903,0.00044616996,0.0008422208,0.0007620247,0.00080704415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007126621,0.0007739335,0.00020210167,0.0005727211,0.00010727721,0.00052317267,0.00013831141,0.0007705213,0.0006326198],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001235645,0.0003412552,0.0031178212,0.00043840022,0.00053077855,0.0001244928,0.19345878,0.4791396,0.016355574,0.00127179,0.002074748,0.3030232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0060225963,0.00031735972,0.15832788,0.005916237,0.003059266,0.00020281688,0.19140114,0.3388822,0.04432418,0.007311752,0.23908097,0.0051536066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037940433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055912253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2978696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061205716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005767196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173175111","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2015.10.006","title":"An implementation of the Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model in a multi-domain lattice Boltzmann method for solving turbulent airfoil flows","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Airfoil; Turbulence; Lattice Boltzmann methods; NACA airfoil; Mathematics; Reynolds number; Turbulence modeling; Lift (data mining); K-omega turbulence model; Mechanics; K-epsilon turbulence model; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.04433002672061609,"score_gpt":0.331597949886161,"score_spread":0.2872679231655449,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2173175111","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.045141194,0.000077635006,0.9526872,0.00019558385,0.000036502912,0.0016518596,0.000024024655,0.00012589071,0.00006010966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.31652242,0.0000047058784,0.68268645,0.00004764719,0.000021855234,0.0006604355,0.000011849087,0.000036017645,0.000008626254],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871993,0.00002765011,0.00050400844,0.00024374189,0.00025730868,0.00024736256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987569,0.0002363799,0.00016536975,0.0005294096,0.00022408584,0.00008785055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047433525,0.00020881138,0.00028709925,0.00010011377,0.000100031124,0.000039398627,0.0003523256,0.000052515446,0.0000011595712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013937992,0.00016505126,0.00005829869,0.000323936,0.000043014552,0.00018942553,0.0000643441,0.00011029955,0.000003408313],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004612176,0.00012650734,0.00026983945,0.00023142782,0.000052413438,1.9983413e-7,0.008014468,0.983475,0.0003453683,0.0058945366,0.00014732251,0.0014382462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010189614,0.00002645977,0.00045029263,0.00006763497,0.000057495876,0.0000043834107,0.0016242015,0.9892205,0.0003723878,0.0067646755,0.00020424814,0.00018877152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013533412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015530374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27138123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120448996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006620835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6730595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2203391997","doi":"10.3390/e18010002","title":"A Lattice Gas Automata Model for the Coupled Heat Transfer and Chemical Reaction of Gas Flow Around and Through a Porous Circular Cylinder","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice gas automaton; Porosity; Mechanics; Ideal gas; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Chemical reaction; Mass transfer; Porous medium; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.038081292144285156,"score_gpt":0.2605956628393212,"score_spread":0.22251437069503602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2203391997","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7964627,0.0013281957,0.20128697,0.00035167843,0.00007682796,0.00031383324,0.000013676186,0.00009716143,0.00006891494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99677265,0.00016821428,0.0028579046,0.000050438925,0.00007457002,0.00003072768,0.0000074681484,0.000027029988,0.00001098467],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934,0.000009818869,0.00018461427,0.00014549302,0.00016154113,0.00015856125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995407,0.00016329881,0.000009515562,0.00016666639,0.00007287826,0.000046981768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013731352,0.00012735295,0.00019732838,0.000017858418,0.000049148322,0.000023679899,0.000048620805,0.00006414991,0.000001470388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046182722,0.00009805183,0.00003410612,0.000052098632,0.0000649346,0.00016714486,0.000017606344,0.000080189944,0.0000013802463],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041107275,0.00012878468,0.000672386,0.0004958495,0.0008597807,0.000005882517,0.01910644,0.8459563,0.12542729,0.004826954,0.00092133397,0.0011878897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016639951,0.00002129738,0.00019411516,0.000013116051,0.00014080854,0.000013633304,0.0003162748,0.99395525,0.0015317535,0.0017390942,0.00030374518,0.00010693316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026869979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003897536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20030992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043131004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013973313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39984378},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2216011415","doi":"10.1115/power2015-49124","title":"PIV Characterization of the Air Flow in a Scale Model of a Hydrogenerator","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Hydro-Québec","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Particle image velocimetry; Generator (circuit theory); Enclosure; Flow (mathematics); Hydroelectricity; Calibration; Thermal; Marine engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Computer science; Power (physics); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Meteorology; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.025314214623755993,"score_gpt":0.21528752798767675,"score_spread":0.18997331336392076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2216011415","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98858005,0.000015505453,0.009642733,0.0000447914,0.000051613268,0.000087072774,0.00000913086,0.00003074497,0.001538373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988701,0.000002454819,0.00093623786,0.00002384423,0.000011151443,0.000005381742,0.000001785633,0.00000846654,0.00014061686],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999619,0.000008919591,0.00016675796,0.00004477803,0.00010399608,0.000056525336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997775,0.0000072912558,0.000023331928,0.00011921305,0.00005705201,0.000015610405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006848057,0.000048022972,0.00010209059,0.000033366046,0.0000059494087,0.0000014912802,0.000054615113,0.000024606576,0.0000033132815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000128818965,0.00003412211,0.00002089823,0.00014150795,0.000015477155,0.000073891715,0.000027250686,0.000025030098,0.0000024703238],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024804087,0.000011322082,0.0050674113,0.000017031865,0.000007414056,2.6239102e-8,0.0008874798,0.8925331,0.10122374,0.00009210849,0.000035982877,0.00012189897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020222088,0.000002894821,0.0047955276,0.000009204453,0.000003859961,8.568086e-8,0.000031840653,0.9158694,0.07894896,0.00006783014,0.00003296572,0.000035186702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004857924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025693722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023336321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019934585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014287783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13914593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2220837634","doi":"","title":"Spectrally-Accurate Algorithm for Flows in 3-Dimensional Rough Channels","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scholarship@Western (Western University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Algorithm; Computer science","score_opus":0.12545752859031334,"score_gpt":0.3176312698073461,"score_spread":0.19217374121703273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2220837634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872062,0.00019538494,0.010447932,0.00010820591,0.0008503334,0.0005046044,0.000055222845,0.0003901696,0.0002419118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995526,0.000020667425,0.0016698994,0.00014326062,0.0002401171,0.0000065812455,0.000044984088,0.00008294069,0.0022655467],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982939,0.000077890065,0.00031074567,0.00042141587,0.00033573617,0.00056033436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990518,0.00012981101,0.000070222224,0.00032331186,0.00020414898,0.00022068026],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035136467,0.00034476598,0.00039609455,0.00044945008,0.000102174796,0.00014160905,0.0003998687,0.00017938015,0.00000894871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037603637,0.00040075404,0.00011279629,0.0004824856,0.000046282552,0.0016518064,0.00017772081,0.00034261472,0.0001605885],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025864865,0.00023830202,0.4420684,0.00018254425,0.00043677766,0.00075580407,0.0029981215,0.5475229,0.00065204443,0.00018907976,0.000048576232,0.0046487893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.027085025,0.0008336588,0.86493653,0.0008714543,0.00043504708,0.00014763797,0.0017790302,0.036417384,0.0075651314,0.0028342996,0.05201282,0.0050820094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027065662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039955924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51110554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040668144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063132946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2223272285","doi":"10.4208/cicp.141210.110811s","title":"A Full Eulerian Fluid-Membrane Coupling Method with a Smoothed Volume-of-Fluid Approach","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications in Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Eulerian path; Mechanics; Solver; Membrane; Classical mechanics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Mathematical optimization; Chemistry","score_opus":0.05418360123775967,"score_gpt":0.315129481433496,"score_spread":0.26094588019573633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2223272285","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051111497,0.001093111,0.94224626,0.0001291512,0.00006899664,0.00033254107,0.000025747253,0.00018753695,0.0048051663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6837505,0.000026297255,0.31595486,0.00002003703,0.000049262264,0.000053770123,0.00010196396,0.00003229668,0.000011010996],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893737,0.00006753634,0.00039531678,0.00013088158,0.00024297863,0.0002259452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982427,0.000643307,0.000093481845,0.00076217833,0.00020450857,0.000053858657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003446743,0.0001782546,0.00028464114,0.00010643098,0.00013559806,0.000023040971,0.00045367863,0.000051159455,0.0000069551484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028717044,0.00018287537,0.000052586907,0.000629449,0.00014318823,0.0003271775,0.00016780489,0.00020626625,0.000020064823],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013447275,0.00018622266,0.002211762,0.00006363974,0.00008746158,6.9660196e-8,0.0016848769,0.97470856,0.00042096444,0.019587167,0.00005411321,0.0009817469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049417536,0.000016246433,0.006164515,0.000038565762,0.00003286674,0.0000031811849,0.0002915962,0.9900721,0.00012804248,0.0018978801,0.00065573124,0.00020512199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000102007925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038546204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.632639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091036905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038364138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74574417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2227247205","doi":"","title":"병렬 유한요소 해석기법을 이용한 유동장 해석","year":2002,"lang":"ko","type":"article","venue":"한국전산유체공학회 학술대회논문집","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Domain decomposition methods; Message Passing Interface; Computation; Computer science; Turbulence; Large eddy simulation; Laminar flow; Computational science; Simulation; Parallel computing; Message passing; Algorithm; Finite element method; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.03351118019486005,"score_gpt":0.24136907993319529,"score_spread":0.20785789973833524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2227247205","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3401731,0.050874848,0.0050521903,0.0070915865,0.011558196,0.002339819,0.00035309454,0.004303609,0.57825357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9681278,0.0015078767,0.0008806001,0.00054099824,0.0017278462,0.000042571555,0.000017536653,0.00023009673,0.026924694],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961135,0.00010875134,0.0009767197,0.00078361726,0.0007874534,0.0012299642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997661,0.00041888782,0.00018535572,0.001141794,0.00023429345,0.00035868637],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003101473,0.0008059412,0.00085775135,0.00030340525,0.0004291855,0.00025621036,0.0005394672,0.00042820885,0.0069244546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002540326,0.00086298195,0.00036632706,0.00078041526,0.00020144094,0.00057218556,0.00029620368,0.00071350334,0.017497528],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010716201,0.0013803822,0.04745304,0.002413281,0.004165943,0.0008484418,0.030655613,0.20423259,0.0031763338,0.015615545,0.5268036,0.16314805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032615785,0.00020980471,0.031285867,0.00040450177,0.00056653284,0.00005238358,0.00095127575,0.23748478,0.0009436669,0.0008640532,0.72149545,0.0024800866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000612168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003708259,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62795466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033864306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000249972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993821},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2232304180","doi":"10.1615/ichmt.2014.intsympconvheatmasstransf.60","title":"SIMULATION OF BLOOD FLOW WITH LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceeding of Proceedings of CONV-14: International Symposium on Convective Heat and Mass Transfer. June 8 - 13, 2014, Kusadasi, Turkey","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Blood flow; Hematocrit; Mechanics; Newtonian fluid; Fluid dynamics; Finite element method; Blood viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Finite volume method; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Non-Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Computer science; Physics; Medicine; Thermodynamics; Cardiology","score_opus":0.00980180848081479,"score_gpt":0.24736997281077164,"score_spread":0.23756816432995684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2232304180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8749501,0.00039030676,0.07451112,0.0011002192,0.0012005925,0.0015239614,0.0001370294,0.00039208008,0.045794554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99432045,0.00014687477,0.004778391,0.000046244164,0.00025006948,0.000063299354,0.000017365763,0.00009897314,0.00027831557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970071,0.000020232193,0.0010197718,0.00061648904,0.00093440164,0.0004020123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99608725,0.0007240694,0.00022025272,0.00012659654,0.002684056,0.00015774669],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074981764,0.0005654293,0.0009575412,0.00044361682,0.000111502886,0.000070892944,0.00037093373,0.00022134192,0.000046476925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019135482,0.000521606,0.00017945265,0.00033489097,0.00026918438,0.00082346465,0.000053253534,0.00037762878,0.0000050479875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022387658,0.0006188411,0.034104235,0.004412963,0.0037562514,0.0000021716637,0.008014325,0.3174499,0.5892745,0.038300697,0.00054630346,0.0012810309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056340746,0.0011094594,0.002708327,0.0009866055,0.00090863643,0.000015847421,0.00067058223,0.5368317,0.44668603,0.0017639811,0.0018200477,0.0008647671],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038535403,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006098153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21938173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006811127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032917087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99972355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2254664888","doi":"10.1007/s11434-016-1020-3","title":"Determining the impact of rectangular grain aspect ratio on tortuosity–porosity correlations of two-dimensional stochastically generated porous media","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Bulletin","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Tortuosity; Porosity; Porous medium; Materials science; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Laminar flow; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.018496878173933997,"score_gpt":0.26910143381978774,"score_spread":0.25060455564585377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2254664888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99394214,0.000030500549,0.004591386,0.00021108412,0.00023196115,0.0001687122,0.00003271969,0.000062658044,0.0007288396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99883324,0.000001405349,0.0010353415,0.000020318155,0.000047361296,0.000004916591,0.0000021224155,0.000011607109,0.000043697477],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986988,0.00004356269,0.00031931282,0.00019923552,0.0005026107,0.00023652948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985649,0.0006591103,0.00010469753,0.00027061428,0.00032900623,0.00007169858],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006700307,0.00013530366,0.00019530297,0.00011800725,0.00018939545,0.000016883567,0.00023408589,0.00003435775,0.00016596325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010285095,0.00007575894,0.00006755062,0.0003935428,0.0005508829,0.00007794796,0.00006770141,0.00008367169,0.000037293088],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055421013,0.00012031102,0.02186995,0.000009596919,0.00008798211,0.000005394004,0.0013136866,0.56412876,0.40233865,0.0033079614,0.002963423,0.0037988867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019033772,0.00044238887,0.8739906,0.00019580655,0.00006747338,0.000010732342,0.00008406553,0.07906304,0.04289321,0.0007916384,0.00005890943,0.0004987748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002432369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000954572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85212064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012858387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010715877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30893597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2261043014","doi":"10.1142/s2010132516500036","title":"Mass Transfer Enhancement by a Single Emulsion Droplet","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Surface tension; Diffusion; Mechanics; Mass transfer coefficient; Convection; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Emulsion; Chemistry; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.014914151292674495,"score_gpt":0.25045812577993976,"score_spread":0.23554397448726527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2261043014","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78293264,0.000726973,0.21109721,0.0010432994,0.001568821,0.00007267776,0.000021471309,0.000050402352,0.0024864972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997938,0.00009577892,0.0012334159,0.000110748006,0.00031407212,0.0000032491653,0.00005048613,0.000013218427,0.00024102816],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898446,0.000026816162,0.00039166227,0.00008112175,0.00042379487,0.00009214726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928564,0.00004052041,0.00007443944,0.00004422246,0.0004784835,0.00007667732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018738366,0.00010255768,0.00013217411,0.00013348322,0.00006129538,0.000087793574,0.000075500124,0.000050171115,0.000033476423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039641625,0.000089953355,0.00004246215,0.00005284103,0.00003018788,0.0005361895,0.000008183299,0.000116207615,0.000010477508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026627016,0.00030949627,0.0017316258,0.00004873164,0.0011003983,0.00007132685,0.007940648,0.15856576,0.74638987,0.0025096128,0.06447509,0.016591167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013093808,0.0016927153,0.0031610667,0.000916949,0.0003066769,0.0004988368,0.0035814005,0.08674393,0.71486336,0.012999895,0.16067746,0.0014639242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026100308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019113481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21500535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016295865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015603891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36681914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2267088664","doi":"10.1115/1.4032113","title":"A Conjugate Fluid–Porous Approach for Simulating Airflow in Realistic Geometric Representations of the Human Respiratory System","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Airflow; Flow (mathematics); Lung; Airway; Computer science; Fluid dynamics; Porous medium; Mechanics; Porosity; Simulation; Geology; Medicine; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Meteorology; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.05392487025730636,"score_gpt":0.2886170144890816,"score_spread":0.23469214423177526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2267088664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5059037,0.00093002734,0.49129608,0.000025567831,0.00079570303,0.00053519756,0.000022921233,0.0001249394,0.000365842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937248,0.0000022893073,0.006024473,0.000006942114,0.0001809779,0.000012474347,0.0000014897665,0.00003892223,0.000007625114],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825394,0.000036568304,0.001005159,0.00011628892,0.0003660283,0.00022203207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988156,0.00033652625,0.00023410807,0.00022919418,0.0002832357,0.000101365295],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001021598,0.00015312848,0.00042901782,0.0005156498,0.00004178033,0.000022005357,0.00024181433,0.00009330724,6.634595e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008829696,0.00012158985,0.00014323696,0.0009759387,0.000019472112,0.00014809238,0.00006217963,0.00021855794,4.424317e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010022252,0.00002332292,0.0001823829,0.0003097379,0.000075297474,0.000004554228,0.00018385476,0.9757302,0.022205045,0.0010407094,0.00006678278,0.00016808516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014950832,0.000094168856,0.000714559,0.00020934742,0.00006937245,0.000022489909,0.00046663077,0.991691,0.0048282417,0.000075760785,0.00017074416,0.00016261048],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010322596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013767542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4878211,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002878887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032560627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49582902},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268860671","doi":"","title":"Further Validations of Penalization and VIC Based Methods for Aeronautic Applications","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Airfoil; Laminar flow; Aerodynamics; Mechanics; Navier–Stokes equations; Aerodynamic force; Propulsion; Rigid body; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Compressibility; Aerospace engineering; Classical mechanics; Engineering","score_opus":0.021905531714252538,"score_gpt":0.2901289231494733,"score_spread":0.2682233914352208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2268860671","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0032408524,0.00096855365,0.9881095,0.0013435297,0.000088213805,0.0009714286,0.00007582309,0.00027248255,0.0049295863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5493549,0.0001616251,0.4488178,0.000033127177,0.000018905585,0.0005349319,0.00051095546,0.00006332252,0.0005044167],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99730706,0.0013992733,0.00053670374,0.00039828746,0.00017061802,0.00018804753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99403495,0.002883134,0.00029908356,0.0010826197,0.0016186184,0.00008157689],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030256596,0.00025247128,0.00037485638,0.0002015227,0.00018168296,0.00011059898,0.000378092,0.0001948759,0.00004308272],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006915962,0.00028150162,0.00012615822,0.0002436148,0.00015097193,0.00007546437,0.0002657524,0.00019705472,0.000005621189],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029903953,0.0008291782,0.003911013,0.0076567587,0.0010542712,2.7050118e-7,0.021716863,0.20355935,0.017887447,0.35085565,0.0015268703,0.3909724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000650306,4.1537092e-7,0.001975674,0.00062035763,0.00021445146,8.499377e-7,0.00007438912,0.9319345,0.023670103,0.010906078,0.02952348,0.00042944064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036989044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000087152475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7283751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006409258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007449325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2270367083","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2016.8","title":"Obstructed and channelized viscoplastic flow in a Hele-Shaw cell","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Killam Trusts","keywords":"Hele-Shaw flow; Viscoplasticity; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Pressure drop; Channelized; Stokes flow; Yield (engineering); Open-channel flow; Physics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Telecommunications; Finite element method","score_opus":0.008731570200522489,"score_gpt":0.20196806542127183,"score_spread":0.19323649522074934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2270367083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8679131,0.0023620215,0.12805285,0.00015994001,0.0011283403,0.00012775979,0.000011469263,0.000060892326,0.00018358811],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960167,0.00090550917,0.0028588732,0.000024711502,0.00011799634,0.0000016815445,2.2281301e-7,0.00002694023,0.00004736702],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990507,0.000023737544,0.0004411157,0.000084568346,0.00020271691,0.00019715523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994069,0.00020192919,0.00009199524,0.00009428723,0.0001182043,0.00008668803],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020999857,0.00013677888,0.00029485638,0.00020067488,0.000024702123,0.000018095114,0.00008994959,0.00007073676,0.000034092478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014731802,0.000094730465,0.000049750517,0.00015385333,0.000009356821,0.00022981928,0.000035311292,0.00012349323,0.000012905908],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002908709,0.000089998095,0.00040524162,0.00031138188,0.00023218396,0.00020867822,0.0018713449,0.07982823,0.8988772,0.0009132096,0.0017312651,0.015240384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010808367,0.000389187,0.0011297296,0.0008625761,0.00014117683,0.00023309333,0.00043662678,0.915392,0.060465142,0.005727453,0.0037851701,0.00062947214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.836049e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000058404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83841205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000082466315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002067168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3862996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2276988128","doi":"10.1149/ma2013-02/14/1228","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Tortuous Flow Within Stochastic Porous Media and the Examination of the Tortuosity-Porosity Relationship","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Tortuosity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porosity; Porous medium; Statistical physics; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Lattice (music); Physics; Composite material; Acoustics","score_opus":0.020230976676982062,"score_gpt":0.23024155424254122,"score_spread":0.21001057756555916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2276988128","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942342,0.0002500393,0.00037084153,0.00011525219,0.0003603608,0.00048015694,0.0000073043943,0.000090089125,0.0040917434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991896,0.0000032692228,0.0006227935,0.000016625278,0.00007951975,0.000014603262,0.0000046718746,0.00002493214,0.000043966433],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849945,0.00013239103,0.00064369827,0.00015658386,0.00040435564,0.00016353177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960274,0.0029560218,0.00038511533,0.00031264094,0.0002738419,0.000044966324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011006772,0.00016634048,0.00025935718,0.00006270182,0.00019485703,0.00003500452,0.00015252101,0.00010336478,0.0000066432503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027000587,0.000114252194,0.000051594165,0.00020532894,0.00020507828,0.00025860462,0.00007062256,0.00023028922,0.000008175963],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008748788,0.000013715636,0.0042200135,0.000072046925,0.000033998123,2.2383946e-7,0.006206554,0.9885355,0.0005680217,0.00007968813,0.000018439385,0.00024301463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004634898,0.0000073901056,0.615483,0.00008751683,0.00007519597,0.0000016090955,0.00034218017,0.3814061,0.0013662735,0.00066798885,0.00000258671,0.000096710304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011531295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041275558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.611263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004560593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017279846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46590695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2278149846","doi":"10.1088/1009-0630/18/3/19","title":"Study on Free Surface and Channel Flow Induced by Low-Temperature Plasma via Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Plasma Science and Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Calgary","keywords":"Plasma actuator; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Plasma; Volumetric flow rate; Vortex; Mechanics; Boundary layer; Flow velocity; Flow control (data); Flow (mathematics); Open-channel flow; Chemistry; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.01598698561612388,"score_gpt":0.26072298519546,"score_spread":0.24473599957933612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2278149846","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962868,0.00012661298,0.00039977595,0.0017788595,0.00022843305,0.00033726,0.00001870002,0.0005118036,0.0003117691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976464,0.000056116052,0.0021000386,0.000045245168,0.000020039539,0.000024065575,4.847452e-7,0.000023779283,0.00008386929],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836075,0.00002247913,0.00021747855,0.0005690969,0.0003654287,0.00046476783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989656,0.00027017848,0.000043905424,0.0004539566,0.00016482893,0.00010151815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052771135,0.0002586448,0.00030245367,0.0003470059,0.00033644546,0.000068455185,0.00041314392,0.00021985396,0.000003889046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026822236,0.00018375428,0.000013434011,0.0010152434,0.00041634688,0.00037114896,0.00031373705,0.00026339822,0.00003141018],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037835718,0.0001819402,0.0027933626,0.00004443991,0.00013425619,0.00003018813,0.00194279,0.0009085433,0.95079714,0.0009406314,0.0018015547,0.040387314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007730031,0.0016907873,0.009846041,0.00021201813,0.0001363594,0.00012477626,0.0049026455,0.10856834,0.8559736,0.0049130996,0.0040533924,0.0018488789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000052041514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019695774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1076598,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006094055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002607869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7493282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2286129777","doi":"10.1149/ma2012-02/13/1337","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Effective Thermal Conductivity of an Anisotropic PEMFC GDL with Residual Water","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Anisotropy; Residual; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Thermal conductivity; Materials science; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Fuel cells; Physics; Composite material; Computer science; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Optics; Algorithm","score_opus":0.019025539937993934,"score_gpt":0.2413119498052122,"score_spread":0.22228640986721826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2286129777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98776835,0.00015148656,0.000028976543,0.000030637537,0.0002151791,0.00025294526,0.0000064963283,0.000098350734,0.011447581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882376,0.0000014833211,0.0009174927,0.000008222535,0.0001753552,0.000009519401,0.000002479638,0.000042401443,0.000019264475],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876255,0.00010151295,0.00032523295,0.00014615891,0.00030769326,0.0003568654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915755,0.00021418327,0.00010967178,0.00031923628,0.00013876372,0.00006062286],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005631025,0.00018959526,0.00027244055,0.00004565095,0.000113208276,0.000013922722,0.00014875736,0.000077421835,0.00000633779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009745121,0.000114974806,0.000044971177,0.000089640285,0.000088947665,0.00042986596,0.00006790973,0.00022157311,0.000008074679],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028264758,0.000054180167,0.010341379,0.00011288409,0.00009474394,8.0677495e-7,0.00380513,0.8864982,0.09899638,0.000010416283,0.0000038641824,0.00005371101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006992616,0.00007827049,0.22406948,0.00017075596,0.00013323998,0.00000695375,0.00077944685,0.039496668,0.7341789,0.00005800832,0.00004476791,0.00028423432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012704497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022778593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84700155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036352212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011437111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46885365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2290532976","doi":"10.1063/1.4939501","title":"Direct numerical simulations of agglomeration of circular colloidal particles in two-dimensional shear flow","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Physics; Economies of agglomeration; Shear flow; Particle (ecology); Shear (geology); SPHERES; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.01841606183916087,"score_gpt":0.26511139522670885,"score_spread":0.24669533338754798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2290532976","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852554,0.0001380629,0.014131407,0.000032551798,0.00005937751,0.00010649362,0.000052206145,0.00003128046,0.00019317551],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99796224,0.000005012079,0.0019610322,0.0000040528203,0.000038037484,0.000004698003,0.000004775118,0.000015050466,0.000005100892],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991614,0.000028387789,0.00036702782,0.00009913949,0.00022874204,0.000115257266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932426,0.00029903074,0.000050057424,0.00015808785,0.00014343443,0.00002511029],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008515359,0.000092057046,0.0002703257,0.000053894957,0.00001682404,0.0000022960198,0.000053283842,0.000023154733,0.000018388475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006422054,0.00007753046,0.00006514356,0.000258499,0.000068221525,0.00016330855,0.000025117972,0.000030324672,0.0000046764467],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000086131395,0.00005704137,0.0057073007,0.00003063974,0.000041810985,1.8193147e-7,0.00020865879,0.60713166,0.3849522,0.00044990625,0.000018995135,0.0013930342],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00091173523,0.000031586005,0.017765868,0.00007626965,0.000029287401,1.4524467e-7,0.000012635188,0.58752644,0.39204165,0.0014596898,0.000027376913,0.000117290576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016953554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028042707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019605184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032350476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018945771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31616002},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2290667828","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2016.01.049","title":"A multiphase lattice Boltzmann method for simulating immiscible liquid-liquid interface dynamics","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Liquid liquid; Statistical physics; Interface (matter); HPP model; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Dynamics (music); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Chromatography; Chemistry; Bubble","score_opus":0.037011920231441356,"score_gpt":0.3089938525159121,"score_spread":0.27198193228447076,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2290667828","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.046997696,0.00009694525,0.94577074,0.00015516636,0.000103609585,0.0008808928,0.000031532094,0.00077155174,0.00519184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6053003,0.00001048743,0.39410347,0.000033300606,0.000090439964,0.00016509027,0.000003922211,0.000111871384,0.0001810971],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977268,0.000023209022,0.0008068648,0.00047814506,0.00030153192,0.00066347106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961128,0.0029891303,0.0001103173,0.00048292577,0.00013580061,0.00016902121],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006469392,0.00042344118,0.0006053306,0.00012285041,0.00018677133,0.00005916694,0.00026788592,0.0001870438,0.0000504713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016622499,0.0003238368,0.00016083226,0.0001798796,0.00006569942,0.00022074605,0.00012893895,0.00017751392,0.000171655],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018106344,0.000054588618,2.5730674e-7,0.00040822197,0.00012396007,9.64098e-7,0.00068110775,0.89070344,0.012524808,0.09297183,0.00003213713,0.002317598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011730476,0.00007365327,7.518539e-8,0.00019237815,0.00010862738,0.0000025042898,0.0002121531,0.9593944,0.014570197,0.02335795,0.00046011494,0.00045489904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022209888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021819712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55830264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019368941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014997078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2308412344","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2016.02.028","title":"Stabilized finite element methods for solving the level set equation without reinitialization","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Finite element method; Level set method; Mathematics; Level set (data structures); Eikonal equation; Extended finite element method; Applied mathematics; Mixed finite element method; Residual; Mathematical optimization; Benchmark (surveying); Mathematical analysis; Algorithm; Computer science","score_opus":0.10274255372792758,"score_gpt":0.35455888868051,"score_spread":0.25181633495258243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2308412344","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00039128563,0.000063344196,0.99658555,0.00042428743,0.00006915345,0.0018404153,0.000035257268,0.00028378583,0.00030694297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.15873982,0.000033947406,0.8388203,0.00007232908,0.00010771001,0.00203023,0.000037653117,0.000060063143,0.000097953445],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990108,0.00003138912,0.0003935806,0.00019811802,0.00015994825,0.00020617849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99727494,0.0018166003,0.00014332926,0.00048491076,0.00023576747,0.000044481283],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000499665,0.00018075077,0.00020364743,0.000067666915,0.00025269957,0.0000657483,0.00020979438,0.00004106863,0.000009056011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000939666,0.00010665989,0.000049231145,0.0002106072,0.00006802001,0.00010994442,0.000049733608,0.000045417186,0.000017346047],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000534626,0.00022683413,0.0004889968,0.001310189,0.0009935363,2.441784e-7,0.012747857,0.4471382,0.00753527,0.26450956,0.0036688612,0.261327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009841984,0.00003465799,0.00010839039,0.000120849545,0.00012214096,0.0000021006697,0.0002425561,0.9556975,0.0014447592,0.020247111,0.020732764,0.0002629995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.9789746e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005053129,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5085593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000082395425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002527213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43494642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2312352777","doi":"10.1103/physreve.91.033306","title":"Counter-extrapolation method for conjugate interfaces in computational heat and mass transfer","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermal conduction; Mechanics; Extrapolation; Cylinder; Heat transfer; Conjugate gradient method; Convection; Thermal diffusivity; Mass transfer; Materials science; Péclet number; Thermodynamics; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Algorithm","score_opus":0.05273612096996255,"score_gpt":0.36158702708225593,"score_spread":0.3088509061122934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2312352777","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09207499,0.030273635,0.87469107,0.0009576508,0.00011705852,0.00086552365,0.0000340611,0.00011533473,0.0008706596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916579,0.0007836763,0.007220108,0.00020244307,0.000047134643,0.00005530621,0.000013034389,0.000014029872,0.000006382266],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949443,0.000031359697,0.00017517513,0.000106254156,0.00009899544,0.000093755654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995889,0.0002533856,0.0000069720263,0.000048941863,0.000061121864,0.000040673982],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001969213,0.000093275776,0.000252539,0.000021324366,0.000013164554,0.000013269223,0.000032238415,0.000012752463,0.000002661407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003627878,0.00008057156,0.00003244084,0.00007673335,0.00001708699,0.00013210568,0.0000063257417,0.000053161224,0.000009141691],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001260692,0.00020833596,0.0021832287,0.011482094,0.0003852856,0.0000032818573,0.005604565,0.8333747,0.0071373787,0.03585101,0.0041512675,0.099492796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059742446,0.000032901327,0.00054879684,0.00038964752,0.000042016763,7.3048216e-7,0.000023294979,0.9765817,0.00023643962,0.010959261,0.01045906,0.00012872467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026498694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032933335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8995829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030476516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062801046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32856128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314684672","doi":"10.1115/imece2012-87106","title":"Simulations of Droplet Collisions in Shear Flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 9: Micro- and Nano-Systems Engineering and Packaging, Parts A and B","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Capillary action; Coalescence (physics); Collision; Shear flow; Capillary number; Weber number; Physics; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Computer science","score_opus":0.011036603311121034,"score_gpt":0.2110163125011617,"score_spread":0.19997970919004068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2314684672","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9818881,0.015537493,0.0016920025,0.000021874512,0.00035672926,0.00020093532,0.00007605268,0.00010462384,0.00012219835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986036,0.00043008596,0.00060842367,0.0000059007907,0.00009492496,0.000012556007,0.0000107392125,0.000030446286,0.00020333017],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990907,0.00001902117,0.0003278561,0.00015431757,0.00009269111,0.00031546014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995532,0.00011811679,0.000035178575,0.00012971941,0.00003226965,0.00013150528],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019215522,0.00019904814,0.00034082503,0.0001928851,0.00008417708,0.00004930757,0.000033430853,0.00008831313,0.0000070806836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002597842,0.00019003348,0.000025785252,0.00018134523,0.00004138347,0.00019519469,0.00003843785,0.00010691635,0.000002723349],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010118996,0.00006224087,0.53330517,0.0013438162,0.00016354948,0.0000043984437,0.0077024116,0.4331884,0.021301921,0.00046846538,0.0013928307,0.0010566803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010405277,0.000038460126,0.083565585,0.00043455075,0.00007019088,0.000046306523,0.00043268196,0.810721,0.0006126585,0.0000062300946,0.10250152,0.0005303104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006227634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006876106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44973958,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018618699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063275716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77493405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314882931","doi":"10.1007/s10483-012-1635-9","title":"Effect of regularized delta function on accuracy of immersed boundary method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Mathematics and Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Dirac delta function; Boundary (topology); Boundary value problem; Function (biology); Algorithm; Jump; Mathematics; Property (philosophy); Computer science; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.014302482025949938,"score_gpt":0.26932123800006025,"score_spread":0.25501875597411033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2314882931","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.34078106,0.0003430705,0.6537641,0.000010022146,0.00029953688,0.0006856985,0.000013446687,0.00011795151,0.0039850622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9537509,0.000048373084,0.046090644,0.000014043983,0.000026855272,0.000024289111,0.000005244647,0.00003068665,0.000008982173],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999319,0.000013303643,0.00028311068,0.00007759043,0.00016091323,0.00014605337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998902,0.0006997734,0.00012104453,0.0002064846,0.000029300669,0.000041393985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007117536,0.00014005131,0.00034748318,0.000062329316,0.000035090732,0.000006373383,0.000047800255,0.00007433854,0.000011405671],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007121025,0.00011455995,0.000046566016,0.00009778087,0.000012056729,0.00005239816,0.00003632019,0.000072774004,0.0000047533817],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014150533,0.00010759687,0.000004581011,0.0026762092,0.0003835622,1.6071486e-7,0.0017765515,0.0016674434,0.471463,0.48884305,0.00018702562,0.032749295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028449192,0.00041097708,0.000040651754,0.000166317,0.00080950296,0.000004382481,0.00065538415,0.19399257,0.7797027,0.019219719,0.0017130036,0.00043983725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.699477e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9033784e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6129698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013620986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004546623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46716195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2315016772","doi":"10.1149/05002.0221ecst","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Effective Thermal Conductivity of an Anisotropic Gas Diffusion Layer in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell with Residual Water","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Transactions","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Compute Canada","keywords":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Electrolyte; Materials science; Thermal conductivity; Anisotropy; Thermal diffusivity; Thermal conduction; Polymer; Saturation (graph theory); Gaseous diffusion; Composite material; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Fuel cells","score_opus":0.009075857077869127,"score_gpt":0.20545484794428123,"score_spread":0.1963789908664121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2315016772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928949,0.00021233855,0.0053208787,0.000085831554,0.00006496343,0.00047295046,0.000009490599,0.000061810424,0.00087684003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995905,0.000018179431,0.00018551887,0.000010782881,0.000022575105,0.000063263986,0.0000019708198,0.000036137477,0.000071072915],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901134,0.00009990694,0.00025527,0.00017284535,0.00020648043,0.00025418648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994831,0.00008425959,0.000037306087,0.00027010337,0.000088065884,0.000037136375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000903828,0.00017572856,0.00025768773,0.00009644106,0.00008569556,0.000012629103,0.00011201074,0.00007594918,0.000085044914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024296194,0.00010966011,0.000058714653,0.00018961825,0.00006889347,0.00041419416,0.000008861475,0.0002541602,0.000006754816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043933112,0.000119663084,0.0004669691,0.00010636911,0.0000640431,5.1427696e-7,0.0028108936,0.50934,0.4869005,0.000007166996,6.174773e-7,0.00013934879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013567581,0.00011430765,0.012604598,0.000038357954,0.00010303274,0.0000031055074,0.00045668043,0.27180994,0.71323514,0.00008396754,0.000005757566,0.00018831796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045121624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035666412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23753002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038994607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014071075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44718096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316378322","doi":"10.1080/10618562.2016.1155703","title":"Stabilised finite-element methods for solving the level set equation with mass conservation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of computational fluid dynamics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Level set method; Finite element method; Conservation of mass; Classification of discontinuities; Extended finite element method; Level set (data structures); Flow (mathematics); Function (biology); Set (abstract data type); Applied mathematics; Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics; Geometry; Engineering; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.05732536652258334,"score_gpt":0.3415378734763981,"score_spread":0.2842125069538147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316378322","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.027553514,0.000064564905,0.9665856,0.004574739,0.00077793247,0.00021024635,0.00013080241,0.00003079743,0.0000718449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7799675,0.00002325766,0.21940534,0.00021529911,0.00022788937,0.000017242815,0.000059031143,0.00002667075,0.000057791924],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985074,0.00005928022,0.0006201497,0.00010592252,0.00057131425,0.00013592615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942646,0.0032678596,0.00027972128,0.00008672986,0.00206018,0.00004088717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008585687,0.00014692798,0.00016987197,0.00016971525,0.00008663707,0.00008120679,0.00028805254,0.000039861192,0.000020398003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004699831,0.00008879269,0.00009572618,0.00010410974,0.00006227479,0.00033924426,0.000027735256,0.000081672886,0.000003235351],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001424274,0.000015907812,0.0014646305,0.000010615902,0.00043388095,0.0000013947472,0.00023445873,0.9660437,0.0007236862,0.011615344,0.0004204077,0.018893532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015727996,0.000085075655,0.0050938698,0.000075627766,0.00004353623,0.00001766764,0.00014149203,0.97067714,0.00026436595,0.020006236,0.0018911874,0.00013100287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002034986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014024355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.752414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004137025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000114959425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36208606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318167851","doi":"10.1103/physreve.85.026318","title":"Effects of microstructure on flow properties of fibrous porous media at moderate Reynolds number","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reynolds number; Materials science; Porous medium; Microstructure; Porosity; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mechanics; Transverse plane; Fiber; Composite material; Physics; Turbulence; Chemistry; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.015589204038661146,"score_gpt":0.25634813310724275,"score_spread":0.2407589290685816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2318167851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9495012,0.04919584,0.00002398443,0.000028712866,0.00015432618,0.0003242509,0.000010235839,0.00006286176,0.00069857837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964287,0.0031155103,0.00015498683,0.0000724072,0.00014422463,0.000021320495,0.0000035015798,0.000029387002,0.0000299513],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923056,0.000037131987,0.00023567498,0.0000978022,0.00020519119,0.00019365503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946433,0.00015944823,0.0000642853,0.00019923798,0.00005991276,0.0000527854],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055399487,0.00016874344,0.00053052086,0.000012498042,0.000022096745,0.0000028091354,0.00007608971,0.000030340696,0.000013816149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001270359,0.00011687028,0.000105423285,0.000106048385,0.00004885586,0.00009696948,0.000051344363,0.000089418885,0.00009339794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023589825,0.00075957226,0.0026271483,0.13331063,0.0010451421,0.000007844084,0.011184136,0.027628882,0.76231056,0.003087098,0.012582484,0.04522058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008176413,0.000072417206,0.012992967,0.008563511,0.0004755205,0.0000074733384,0.000010625608,0.008802341,0.9626426,0.0005536419,0.004441525,0.00061971316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022026093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.1052643e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20033203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034859306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040702307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47658315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318476103","doi":"10.1103/physreve.85.046703","title":"Filter-matrix lattice Boltzmann model for incompressible thermal flows","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Compressibility; Mathematics; Mechanics; Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook operator; Square lattice; Statistical physics; Physics; HPP model; Turbulence; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.047308505288523886,"score_gpt":0.3385028214827753,"score_spread":0.2911943161942514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2318476103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42528567,0.36597797,0.16396454,0.0010527759,0.001373792,0.0046651415,0.00023361745,0.0022730874,0.03517341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99255097,0.001711784,0.0041586487,0.00034191227,0.0006767992,0.00024489837,0.0000143558,0.00005899741,0.00024161967],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900097,0.000023758432,0.00025530733,0.00014186207,0.00018208052,0.00039601582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999225,0.0002543851,0.00004260122,0.00029897428,0.000062522544,0.00011649754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016998648,0.00020855684,0.000428612,0.000021771077,0.00007195505,0.00001682647,0.00015794272,0.000027721866,0.00002525072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007444312,0.0001696272,0.0001907246,0.000120562654,0.000018606992,0.00038802857,0.00006837745,0.000120429,0.00029013347],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040628405,0.00081512466,0.00085075985,0.022899792,0.00073915947,0.0000015857395,0.0032040828,0.82021827,0.013994777,0.032057036,0.05578061,0.049398173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021845149,0.000009140533,0.00029505912,0.00034617528,0.00015963579,4.7860544e-7,0.0000037296827,0.9649027,0.00029030358,0.00083296536,0.03269693,0.00024444947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.8891085e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.2308803e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56726533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003302345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007257025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69171965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2318573590","doi":"10.1115/icnmm2011-58237","title":"A Numerical Study on Shear Stress and Heat Transfer of Segmented Flow Between Parallel Plates","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Heat transfer; Mechanics; Shear stress; Materials science; Boundary value problem; Fluent; Dimensionless quantity; Constant (computer programming); Finite volume method; Stress (linguistics); Thermal; Computational fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.04339062486138063,"score_gpt":0.25479667146436624,"score_spread":0.21140604660298562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2318573590","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98518735,0.00005342265,0.011295254,0.000013161222,0.000030172443,0.0002605855,0.000014293458,0.0001502636,0.0029954785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991039,0.0000058426117,0.00080853264,0.0000088823535,0.000017069893,0.000010010195,0.0000024569208,0.000018219429,0.000025064774],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939543,0.000018174287,0.00020184222,0.00012526805,0.00012891805,0.00013035032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997234,0.000084091145,0.0000030242575,0.00011964197,0.00002185202,0.000048002617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047005702,0.00012470446,0.00023667312,0.000049758914,0.000027659104,0.00000608385,0.000048545695,0.000034538774,0.00008473659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000043813043,0.00009915826,0.00002635075,0.00007509543,0.00002368339,0.000064805696,0.000013104014,0.00006943562,0.000013874437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011416958,0.0005064328,0.86465657,0.00015393227,0.0010466193,0.000009824836,0.022631915,0.108950734,0.00022857572,0.00014658425,0.00017406636,0.0013806073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018676013,0.00046728083,0.9483346,0.000039477418,0.00010169227,4.4417715e-7,0.0019609055,0.040969986,0.0059190844,0.000036491117,0.000034156037,0.00026829029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004783806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000510909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08367805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009451387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018888749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40435565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2322666084","doi":"10.2514/6.2014-2948","title":"Numerical Optimization of Fan Tonal Noise Control using Acoustic Modulation of Slowly-Rotating Obstructions","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada; Université de Sherbrooke","keywords":"Acoustics; Noise (video); Noise control; Modulation (music); Computer science; Physics; Noise reduction; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.014163467169267585,"score_gpt":0.2420348848065791,"score_spread":0.2278714176373115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2322666084","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24996962,0.000011772667,0.7489221,0.00000719735,0.00011030406,0.000096894524,0.0000042533893,0.00007833158,0.0007994979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91938144,0.0000011787232,0.08052133,0.000006899274,0.00005219927,0.0000034596421,0.0000050149984,0.000018260336,0.000010225982],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920803,0.000026451402,0.0003854687,0.00009647843,0.00017109457,0.0001124925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993695,0.00020305901,0.000099098535,0.00011722175,0.0001815351,0.00002960591],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009250813,0.00009792652,0.000215724,0.000088460976,0.000051903462,0.000007658374,0.000043784323,0.000046133802,0.00005687836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014853156,0.00009763212,0.00004891172,0.00018914834,0.00003256134,0.0001604499,0.000010390149,0.000050612092,0.0000016591318],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000049356604,0.000009848886,0.0041720746,0.000053082567,0.000040975272,4.11062e-8,0.00013036573,0.9793029,0.015104045,0.00034385,0.0000041537614,0.0008337146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044867597,0.0000147145665,0.013150714,0.000019702542,0.00004701205,0.000001131442,0.000050050792,0.9852118,0.00087595737,0.00008741562,0.0000033351303,0.00008951705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018478406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017779572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66941184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029936919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007971629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3981322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2323739520","doi":"10.2514/6.2003-3638","title":"A Finite Element Volume Method to Simulate Flow on Mixed Element Shapes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Smoothed finite element method; Flow (mathematics); Mixed finite element method; Element (criminal law); Mechanics; Extended finite element method; Computer science; Materials science; Boundary knot method; Structural engineering; Physics; Engineering; Boundary element method","score_opus":0.025153932701451918,"score_gpt":0.28669290237796,"score_spread":0.2615389696765081,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2323739520","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012001977,0.00009388769,0.94629043,0.00037044322,0.0003583515,0.00064613286,0.0000189599,0.0006746752,0.039545134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83228064,0.000009758465,0.1621331,0.0009222391,0.000063200016,0.00007310737,0.0000053970753,0.000058050882,0.0044545135],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854034,0.000070275724,0.00037869278,0.00028275856,0.00031537493,0.00041254217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992527,0.00026995517,0.000024424433,0.00024511863,0.00007570935,0.000132142],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004173064,0.00025622005,0.00026571148,0.00014021984,0.00008861424,0.000047789174,0.00010714603,0.00004896041,0.0013701516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010517492,0.0002303913,0.000079709156,0.00025080063,0.000007008547,0.00007919515,0.000044694443,0.00010195623,0.001282907],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000076387,0.000028426208,0.00021640914,0.000019286828,0.00012217935,0.0000026134983,0.00031762774,0.9847693,0.00023264506,0.0014443679,0.006069708,0.006769811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004910093,0.000076843906,0.0008524605,0.000013636602,0.000025931437,3.2396125e-7,0.00012324627,0.71129686,0.0031785197,0.00020011928,0.28346497,0.00027606933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005427807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022880487,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82027864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001283644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009001359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2323899114","doi":"10.4208/cicp.151009.270910s","title":"Roughness Effects on Continuous and Discrete Flows in Superhydrophobic Microchannels","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications in Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Contact angle; Mechanics; Surface roughness; Surface finish; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Slip (aerodynamics); Hysteresis; Microfluidics; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.015848802808721474,"score_gpt":0.2791772759505469,"score_spread":0.26332847314182545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2323899114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99258345,0.00028831785,0.0050682286,0.00036954164,0.00017523496,0.00028016395,0.0000122075435,0.00009714926,0.0011256832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920517,0.000046723442,0.007625679,0.00007375981,0.00005357317,0.000062859835,0.000053840075,0.000024291661,0.0000075394387],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993346,0.000049965343,0.00022866428,0.00013952586,0.000108021544,0.00013925311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983574,0.0010781382,0.000026198037,0.0004544909,0.000054930268,0.00002881454],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010786061,0.00013614292,0.00018573493,0.00009591842,0.000092184695,0.00003588391,0.00027091985,0.00005202963,0.000001608406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037721267,0.0001500629,0.000024817507,0.00028796867,0.00008576207,0.00015470151,0.00014672046,0.00038971947,0.000021494438],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000066245625,0.00009999113,0.006184198,0.00005881933,0.000025778647,0.0000021695434,0.001799247,0.95941824,0.0020756333,0.021503905,0.00005641214,0.008768959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008248867,0.000016447388,0.048716,0.00007866537,0.0000072092193,0.0000021184605,0.0000729075,0.90642667,0.00034226562,0.042821024,0.00045663523,0.00023515876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001251201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010667484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052991584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041249787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013175539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6119388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2325825763","doi":"10.2514/6.2015-3421","title":"An ALE/FE formulation for high precision interface tracking in separated multiphase flows","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"22nd AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Interface (matter); Computer science; Tracking (education); Multiphase flow; Parallel computing; Mechanics; Physics; Bubble","score_opus":0.042076519970821874,"score_gpt":0.3215805977776175,"score_spread":0.27950407780679565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2325825763","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48885134,0.000036402507,0.51021296,0.000039308474,0.0002204721,0.00032485832,0.000068247515,0.00014705064,0.00009936032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9612461,0.0000040351842,0.0378529,0.000025333242,0.000056458994,0.000023654302,0.0007147315,0.000039460338,0.000037349364],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985211,0.000048817023,0.0005314802,0.00031979472,0.00031216914,0.00026662854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99855363,0.00037161494,0.00006928565,0.00017553955,0.0007089866,0.00012096065],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030534645,0.0002455098,0.00027879866,0.0002095687,0.00007985408,0.00013176892,0.00018689995,0.00011148328,0.0000105879535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013584373,0.00026550764,0.000040640618,0.0002570172,0.000021652782,0.0007488689,0.000037244932,0.00013510215,0.000025146448],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008011328,0.00005860135,0.0006016677,0.000026106813,0.000024390285,0.0000016318784,0.0011367773,0.98049474,0.00086015894,0.010143833,0.000052975684,0.006518998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018432047,0.0000923592,0.006692388,0.00005603249,0.000012969891,0.0000025703202,0.0002068831,0.97920364,0.00018688115,0.011354706,0.0000519182,0.00029645604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002937334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026824445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47239473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035815412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009224118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2326696212","doi":"10.2514/6.2012-94","title":"Free-surface Flow Lagrangian Sensitivities","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lagrangian; Flow (mathematics); Surface (topology); Computer science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Applied mathematics","score_opus":0.021792373826012658,"score_gpt":0.2524709682695756,"score_spread":0.23067859444356295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2326696212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9601283,0.0053845234,0.011631075,0.011746902,0.0021169386,0.0005477753,0.000042709973,0.0010528399,0.0073489035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852704,0.00035249,0.012890115,0.00021108925,0.00063501083,0.000012196855,0.000006755776,0.000056816247,0.000565147],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972989,0.00013527191,0.0003427736,0.00040717068,0.00065103866,0.0011648512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99853104,0.00053484074,0.00014594609,0.00042163025,0.000072231065,0.0002943338],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012456622,0.00044214653,0.00036787134,0.00010908176,0.0023210926,0.00038824414,0.00039465024,0.00014293873,0.000012347079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020422484,0.00034508458,0.00011636911,0.0007883961,0.0005367677,0.001269798,0.00042600074,0.00032239288,0.000038301354],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000979965,0.00015685504,0.08608227,0.00028096442,0.000428612,0.000009048867,0.045781866,0.45065445,0.21652533,0.014255394,0.1765197,0.009207511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0075120293,0.0018726895,0.024557926,0.0029539336,0.0011192742,0.00043637495,0.17073764,0.46032345,0.25371683,0.00872131,0.06003461,0.008013942],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000153847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019236041,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12495577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013475523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003682316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999001},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2326726245","doi":"10.1103/physreve.86.026701","title":"Mass and momentum transfer across solid-fluid boundaries in the lattice-Boltzmann method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Conservation of mass; Mechanics; Mass transfer; Momentum transfer; Physics; Boundary value problem; Momentum (technical analysis); Pressure gradient; Fluid dynamics; Conservation law; Lattice (music); Statistical physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.034997022617568437,"score_gpt":0.36669684044192163,"score_spread":0.3316998178243532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2326726245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6161708,0.32660642,0.0338321,0.0048638824,0.00078545697,0.0023728213,0.000074498785,0.0004887039,0.014805313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921989,0.0064622965,0.0003893899,0.0005750667,0.00021715788,0.00009981643,0.0000035486162,0.00002584422,0.000028022116],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885654,0.00011919601,0.00025118142,0.00013853966,0.000229061,0.0004054729],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999296,0.000365772,0.000014454976,0.0002327179,0.000026209784,0.000064854285],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006546857,0.00019204029,0.00041606952,0.000015701607,0.00013254103,0.00008401545,0.00013240038,0.000025139705,0.0000130826265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007019835,0.00012698444,0.0000865532,0.00021900819,0.00010623866,0.0003209677,0.000032917404,0.00019299844,0.00007154607],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010041305,0.0017782954,0.02070603,0.04237506,0.002016557,0.00003302814,0.20529774,0.0062143756,0.027031729,0.4524066,0.020187255,0.22185294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016348639,0.00009678487,0.05055837,0.0018422413,0.0007303668,0.000020106365,0.0014664772,0.027861053,0.0026680925,0.017348379,0.8942632,0.0015100699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004993397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000053708436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87407595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028799406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005765417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5178275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2326792234","doi":"10.1103/physreve.88.033017","title":"Scaling and unified characterization of flow instabilities in layered heterogeneous porous media","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; Western Canada Research Grid","keywords":"Scaling; Flow (mathematics); Mixing (physics); Diffusion; Mechanics; Porous medium; Homogeneous; Displacement (psychology); Dispersion (optics); Viscosity; Hele-Shaw flow; Length scale; Statistical physics; Péclet number; Viscous fingering; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Porosity; Geometry; Open-channel flow; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.01984961494831736,"score_gpt":0.25262521251489906,"score_spread":0.2327755975665817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2326792234","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945998,0.004744077,0.000087695356,0.000054312124,0.000037376467,0.00025624188,0.000006637339,0.000046723766,0.00016714325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938883,0.005877192,0.000086339234,0.000051358842,0.000036056095,0.000033297136,0.000011991002,0.00001300113,0.0000024196634],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945074,0.000026107198,0.00023551394,0.00009096586,0.00009528291,0.00010139408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964243,0.00013984709,0.000032622327,0.00010842045,0.000047000907,0.00002967987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005419096,0.00009278374,0.0003051238,0.000025945159,0.0000107273545,0.000008285301,0.000040103594,0.000015393802,0.000019244368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010212913,0.0000799212,0.00002820298,0.00011746068,0.000029610073,0.00013660434,0.000025756577,0.000052150433,0.000016446274],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022179061,0.00043738176,0.009392261,0.030218361,0.0002992871,0.000010062882,0.015226693,0.055055864,0.28355813,0.0028698712,0.00010692008,0.602803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012887588,0.00007417571,0.21271344,0.00523667,0.00014508802,0.0000064881715,0.0001879302,0.7558015,0.016415171,0.0050396146,0.0020619694,0.0010292016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008854371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034387062,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70074564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015961385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034143422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3259092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2329069537","doi":"10.2514/6.2009-3117","title":"A Perfectly Matched Layer Formulation for Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Université de Sherbrooke; McGill University","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Physics; Layer (electronics); Computer science; Lattice (music); Materials science; Condensed matter physics; Mechanics; Nanotechnology; Acoustics","score_opus":0.03393047181471999,"score_gpt":0.31583585634162736,"score_spread":0.2819053845269074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2329069537","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05914718,0.00021083382,0.90332544,0.0006944634,0.00021766884,0.00068537646,0.000008447738,0.001249181,0.03446143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8892302,0.0000075599173,0.10885569,0.00040528778,0.00013860744,0.00003178156,0.00001117022,0.000029717767,0.001290002],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991278,0.000015239205,0.0002602001,0.00017691428,0.00014353424,0.00027633444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993453,0.00026006595,0.000028591894,0.00020105761,0.00010974253,0.000055233842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000249225,0.00017463378,0.00022817345,0.00008649774,0.00009614387,0.000046136807,0.000083552026,0.00008366139,0.00006576605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056436063,0.00015780366,0.00009469265,0.00015655844,0.000004089162,0.00030879414,0.0000120874665,0.00007418898,0.00008144681],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022117866,0.00021318816,0.0017635056,0.00048447732,0.00068231666,0.000006282529,0.006860502,0.5191875,0.07512034,0.2203215,0.037504856,0.13763434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015865372,0.00012693061,0.02634591,0.000019606237,0.0001260595,0.0000055593464,0.00023758628,0.90663576,0.015726656,0.014049226,0.03457881,0.00056132494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033475255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071165996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.830083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005524192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006375919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6435046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330924838","doi":"10.1115/imece2010-38810","title":"Ballistic Heat Transfer Modelling in Semiconductor Electronic Devices: A Modified Fourier-Based Approach","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Mitacs; Advanced Micro Devices","keywords":"Fourier transform; Thermal conductivity; Boltzmann equation; Heat transfer; Mean free path; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Work (physics); Fourier series; Heat current; Materials science; Thermal; Jump; Statistical physics; Physics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics","score_opus":0.029950626728940593,"score_gpt":0.2325457169361198,"score_spread":0.20259509020717922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2330924838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56376904,0.00010954172,0.42967567,0.000029603207,0.00008501069,0.00020918495,0.0000032077342,0.00029263573,0.0058260686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99346805,0.0000089058785,0.006158302,0.000098809265,0.00006373574,0.000056568984,0.000014068979,0.000053935335,0.000077630764],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987335,0.000017112861,0.00031844556,0.0002606726,0.0001881333,0.00048211997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949384,0.00011939443,0.000004581838,0.00026728897,0.000043173754,0.00007174201],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017674944,0.00022963533,0.00026223296,0.00014765174,0.00004932311,0.00004206228,0.00015150274,0.00013400303,0.000070355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011085139,0.0002121863,0.00006501304,0.00025034486,0.000031020212,0.0001746245,0.000009398678,0.00048103515,0.00002049317],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008027631,0.000032816693,0.00029113665,0.000078708865,0.000028909972,9.921384e-7,0.00023456916,0.98853827,0.0059867525,0.004722759,0.000018308101,0.000058743968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072430016,0.000009889062,0.00009176422,0.000009747758,0.000022332179,0.000001014606,0.000055453565,0.9963685,0.0014750765,0.00027816935,0.00069889764,0.0002648204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000569405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036154132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42969897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080617625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004522459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8652707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2331726766","doi":"10.1103/physreve.88.033304","title":"Improved treatments for general boundary conditions in the lattice Boltzmann method for convection-diffusion and heat transfer processes","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Nanjing University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; Huazhong University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Boundary value problem; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boundary conditions in CFD; Neumann boundary condition; Mechanics; Heat transfer; Convection; Boundary (topology); Robin boundary condition; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Statistical physics; Physics","score_opus":0.026592808972228165,"score_gpt":0.33767964840991876,"score_spread":0.3110868394376906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2331726766","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8278642,0.04931289,0.10356837,0.0038884243,0.0002714874,0.013704656,0.00028717215,0.0003017617,0.0008010053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9706246,0.010458534,0.00592308,0.002114331,0.0003948775,0.0101137515,0.00014684282,0.00007275061,0.00015121256],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993267,0.0000384731,0.00020459466,0.0001709167,0.000079847814,0.00017946454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898434,0.0007450326,0.000009651676,0.00011935263,0.00010565856,0.00003593797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116913805,0.00015630442,0.0003089133,0.000022460186,0.00013835484,0.000043360786,0.00006372092,0.000022715032,0.00000909717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009175139,0.00010219799,0.00008485544,0.00014198384,0.000033004417,0.00021105511,0.000008494865,0.00006363849,0.0000064950286],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040655432,0.0067893984,0.003564503,0.19047718,0.0061965077,0.000007705424,0.034170695,0.0072262054,0.2758396,0.10570148,0.07309689,0.2965233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006186384,0.0006218258,0.016549902,0.0016896116,0.0021519624,0.000013388198,0.00033607087,0.8317016,0.0045008208,0.03652728,0.098598845,0.0011223186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025849482,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017890869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8244754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027103506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013668163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41675133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332032185","doi":"10.1515/ijnsns-2011-0177","title":"The Soret Effect with the D1Q2 and D2Q4 Lattice Boltzmann Model","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Advection; Statistical physics; Term (time); Physics; Boltzmann equation; Thermophoresis; Curvature; Diffusion; Mathematics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry","score_opus":0.01803378676573456,"score_gpt":0.2992738672025408,"score_spread":0.2812400804368062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332032185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94370174,0.0016439323,0.05161867,0.0021738268,0.00034623785,0.000089328394,0.0000027786105,0.000019059255,0.00040444275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997553,0.0001068934,0.0018868485,0.00010301156,0.00032233438,0.0000011034709,4.162632e-7,0.0000064786955,0.00001993915],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910396,0.000036289468,0.00019690077,0.00006386122,0.0004595489,0.00013943498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873734,0.000898137,0.00010602001,0.0000460688,0.00015347046,0.00005896238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069404446,0.000088419074,0.00010228262,0.000042534673,0.00024183051,0.00014524936,0.0001691764,0.000022898443,0.0000025390154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093564006,0.000039854505,0.000029522365,0.00011092864,0.00020122388,0.00048465902,0.00004249464,0.00012399038,0.0000017187328],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057165667,0.000011320703,0.017837703,0.0000035093237,0.00007119206,8.756687e-7,0.00046465787,0.9656195,0.000037641876,0.00047114008,0.00005314579,0.015372147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002694755,0.0000875107,0.01660927,0.000012309766,0.000025259405,0.000023253033,0.000083848994,0.9785182,0.0000329066,0.00015032856,0.0041265604,0.000061089544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002382942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013558927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053851247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021186646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011099242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18599892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2334654097","doi":"10.1103/physreve.86.016708","title":"High-order thermal lattice Boltzmann models derived by means of Gauss quadrature in the spherical coordinate system","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Argonne National Laboratory; University of Victoria","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Physics; Quadrature (astronomy); Mathematical analysis; Discretization; Gaussian quadrature; Position and momentum space; Hermite polynomials; Angular momentum; Legendre polynomials; Prandtl number; Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Integral equation","score_opus":0.02027089992592107,"score_gpt":0.2705624110903936,"score_spread":0.2502915111644725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2334654097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7849651,0.1905255,0.008047941,0.0011564824,0.00045096624,0.0017832154,0.0000694586,0.00040516257,0.012596158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978001,0.0012600032,0.0003808285,0.00025990768,0.00016116466,0.000076307784,0.000009776715,0.00003588334,0.000015999],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860746,0.00018626252,0.00037098097,0.00015046232,0.0003301316,0.00035468175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911404,0.00031487388,0.000080178266,0.00034384124,0.0000812908,0.00006578496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003257101,0.00023662212,0.0006149252,0.000014634007,0.000041605075,0.000013466176,0.0002498055,0.000046878034,0.000012012247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051224946,0.00015109232,0.00012035053,0.00042267842,0.000053879572,0.00030422225,0.00005033963,0.00027468574,0.00005715071],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117128584,0.0030823501,0.0020658951,0.052733038,0.001907511,0.0000329802,0.02492752,0.4973677,0.06568885,0.2770696,0.044204395,0.03080302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0065084235,0.000393157,0.04508307,0.018013706,0.0039882995,0.000041774678,0.006443913,0.8292322,0.011512667,0.004639767,0.068581276,0.0055617117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020717116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025813258,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33186454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049247723,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069371667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6161366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335107427","doi":"10.1115/ihtc14-22983","title":"Two-Dimensional Simulation of Magnetohydrodynamic Two-Phase Flow in Random Porous Media Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference, Volume 6","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ferrofluid; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Magnetic field; Mechanics; Porous medium; Magnet; Mesoscopic physics; Materials science; Physics; Condensed matter physics; Porosity","score_opus":0.02554822368362399,"score_gpt":0.3094632562781909,"score_spread":0.2839150325945669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335107427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84875596,0.000089598754,0.14541273,0.00031886902,0.0028549673,0.0004734046,0.00019627297,0.00012785113,0.0017703469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99098366,0.000008968885,0.008305259,0.00008012464,0.00027654076,0.000030758867,0.000114942726,0.000056577548,0.00014316716],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99753267,0.00012705197,0.0008659207,0.0003779526,0.00072179065,0.00037459936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981483,0.0008526882,0.000032560503,0.00036593806,0.00049842254,0.000102066246],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007178328,0.00036085935,0.0004886519,0.0003789989,0.000121852136,0.000071617615,0.0004446207,0.00016420987,0.00097606005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011373499,0.00030942916,0.00014903922,0.00031287747,0.00018203905,0.0004587035,0.00005144598,0.00067178794,0.000038110586],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020818223,0.00011194286,0.001017978,0.000028024739,0.0001312749,0.000009817746,0.0013080097,0.959041,0.034683146,0.0013991995,0.000033869506,0.0020275647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0066494257,0.000028822873,0.004267216,0.000052827603,0.00008997984,0.00001861091,0.00008004491,0.9864272,0.00095668394,0.0006497847,0.00046589822,0.0003135006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051452534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017636053,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1422277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008739695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335459133","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22487","title":"Fluid structure interaction (FSI) in piston diaphragm pumps","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diaphragm (acoustics); Piston (optics); Fluid–structure interaction; Mechanism (biology); Mechanical engineering; Abrasive; Working fluid; Piston pump; Deformation (meteorology); Mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Structural engineering; Materials science; Hydraulic pump; Finite element method; Physics; Composite material; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0076417742156866236,"score_gpt":0.19666916486967606,"score_spread":0.18902739065398944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335459133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99747014,0.00039741804,0.0007300276,0.0005680494,0.00057671533,0.000044324723,0.0000066600255,0.000025996422,0.00018068221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99957436,0.0000058714886,0.0001211483,0.000025768974,0.00023241494,0.0000010676038,4.1776116e-7,0.000025454368,0.000013500616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992938,0.0000074803525,0.00028858197,0.000056926838,0.0001174795,0.00023571796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994837,0.00013816492,0.000039231334,0.000110261106,0.000054112927,0.0001745422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011606932,0.00011882927,0.0001654933,0.00017781628,0.000022717528,0.000026431751,0.00017223612,0.00006591263,0.000058482576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018122877,0.00007495795,0.00005283703,0.00014858089,0.000030112966,0.00018888102,0.000008537971,0.00026523203,0.0000058878163],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013867356,0.0000029068137,0.0011192274,0.000049305898,0.00010697499,0.000056102213,0.0009057173,0.45104885,0.54126656,0.00047971093,0.0008242066,0.0041265646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036323061,0.000064398584,0.017057583,0.0016791008,0.00013581019,0.0008145539,0.00015041932,0.13836749,0.7935697,0.0022337842,0.04083058,0.0014643149],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014945092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005480642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31268135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004887468,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053593365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30566964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2341098091","doi":"10.1177/0954411915621341","title":"Hemodynamic study of the elliptic St. Jude Medical valve: A computational study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Hemodynamics; Shear stress; Cardiology; Mechanical heart-valve; Mechanical heart; Pressure drop; Heart valve; Internal medicine; Materials science; Structural engineering; Medicine; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.015181199689023272,"score_gpt":0.254580941297543,"score_spread":0.23939974160851973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2341098091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889037,0.00022274109,0.0090477895,0.0003410003,0.00093213044,0.00046825092,0.0000033344718,0.000032195145,0.000048840535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99941176,0.00004288832,0.0003484073,0.000009735776,0.00014589223,0.0000084674475,1.6173115e-7,0.000024775074,0.000007914948],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965494,0.000021731672,0.0015462547,0.00014370601,0.0015234665,0.0002154371],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983705,0.00037578895,0.00046081402,0.00016224355,0.00052734825,0.00010329543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015552391,0.0002396345,0.0007374854,0.00031766723,0.000034911012,0.0000039447254,0.0007085654,0.000102855105,0.000020399739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0022871841,0.00012592922,0.00017416189,0.00074111804,0.00015038371,0.00019454902,0.0001334209,0.00044275293,4.1188852e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059566093,0.0005069468,0.005118532,0.00029289493,0.00048402348,0.0000033178694,0.0013319388,0.9830447,0.005530448,0.0031286601,0.00021348438,0.00028547834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.026728047,0.003700004,0.10397344,0.011734704,0.0012512888,0.0002039643,0.005906175,0.8366439,0.007181892,0.0012941245,0.0005550859,0.0008274096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000053574304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003388696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14640085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015840141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006286217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5135245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2363990973","doi":"","title":"Immersed Boundary Method and Its Application","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Forcing (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Boundary conditions in CFD; Boundary knot method; Mathematics; Boundary value problem; Singular boundary method; Mathematical analysis; Boundary problem; Robin boundary condition; Free boundary problem; Boundary element method; Physics; Finite element method","score_opus":0.009300573972606762,"score_gpt":0.27704239867547437,"score_spread":0.2677418247028676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2363990973","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3147993,0.0008560942,0.6830426,0.000035099114,0.0001805391,0.0001806218,0.000006003739,0.0001381143,0.00076163805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99433446,0.0000176886,0.0054988614,0.000022603645,0.00006306543,0.0000068670947,0.0000056811373,0.00002537146,0.00002540402],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926853,0.000012726811,0.00028238186,0.00013715921,0.00014599868,0.0001531789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995216,0.00013486935,0.000053710166,0.00016263475,0.00007292847,0.00005423113],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044545098,0.00013684382,0.00020409028,0.00009364461,0.00005013271,0.0000105489835,0.00007629848,0.000071531176,0.000007411385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016367738,0.00012458095,0.000037860533,0.00018823222,0.000008149941,0.0001288745,0.000011129135,0.00008574888,0.000024551127],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009742763,0.00011007541,0.00052417483,0.00086847093,0.00039478586,0.000008805626,0.013890315,0.0059444867,0.4858469,0.04001265,0.0002522888,0.4520496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015266318,0.00035908082,0.0062086266,0.000035596826,0.00008704197,0.000019645691,0.0010540902,0.9197128,0.011863416,0.055593453,0.002958321,0.0005813267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022129784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000124422095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9137683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021025997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055299492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5080264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2371044652","doi":"","title":"The effects of the pore throat roughness on the water-oil flow in rock reservoirs","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in geophysics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Surface finish; Permeability (electromagnetism); Water flow; Surface roughness; Saturation (graph theory); Materials science; Throat; Petroleum engineering; Flow (mathematics); Geotechnical engineering; Environmental science; Geology; Composite material; Mechanics; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00806514139595623,"score_gpt":0.21996988607249132,"score_spread":0.21190474467653508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2371044652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960262,0.0008735849,0.000011617902,0.0013648419,0.00049224,0.0005122406,0.0000017194274,0.000057682915,0.00065988104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992465,0.0000774504,0.000025084395,0.000039753457,0.00007732761,0.00034474573,0.000001740851,0.000030962157,0.000156469],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988715,0.000100000696,0.00025031448,0.00014173044,0.00030074356,0.00033571283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986679,0.0006501807,0.000045037214,0.0005505623,0.00006987304,0.00001645608],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001746068,0.00017593362,0.00018787723,0.0000243096,0.0001468172,0.00005601071,0.00046520983,0.000055050634,0.000003464198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006698535,0.00006748585,0.00006367418,0.00029870245,0.00011607711,0.00013914455,0.00020781938,0.00029454686,0.00004398132],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009410417,0.00062251353,0.17120655,0.0024614246,0.0004999044,0.000023271956,0.038538244,0.49341956,0.00092054176,0.011079328,0.003176191,0.2779584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002641633,0.00017930994,0.5211515,0.0017474556,0.00007988332,0.000001983632,0.002256002,0.37271303,0.05291327,0.03975287,0.005486155,0.0010769375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003089306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043735945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34994492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050405204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007487951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27519932},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2376670670","doi":"","title":"Applications of Reconstruction Operators for Lattice Boltzmann Method Distribution Functions","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CAE (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mesoscopic physics; Operator (biology); Statistical physics; Computer science; Coupling (piping); Physics; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Benchmark (surveying); Applied mathematics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Geology; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.031218080106837753,"score_gpt":0.27761276543059676,"score_spread":0.24639468532375902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2376670670","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006111143,0.00008153895,0.9790345,0.000017033895,0.00023000686,0.00047922126,0.00013721247,0.00030326334,0.01360609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8677096,0.000021189628,0.13089035,0.000015355068,0.00009598037,0.0004713854,0.000092183225,0.000028758914,0.00067519234],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993547,0.000014732135,0.0002910276,0.00013729924,0.00007063644,0.0001316073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938136,0.0001161217,0.000044164608,0.00019236692,0.00022610858,0.000039874936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016143323,0.00010365516,0.00015155815,0.000062281935,0.00010727304,0.000008205606,0.00006484449,0.000063887615,0.00012135263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032004697,0.000099843564,0.00006770287,0.0002475299,0.00003680139,0.0001983115,0.000015235048,0.000053925545,0.00003214645],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001504156,0.00045841804,0.018201932,0.00108092,0.0018162952,5.035166e-7,0.0038810237,0.036157746,0.008648867,0.33806846,0.0214948,0.57004064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00397237,0.00035329748,0.042870626,0.00010129582,0.0014029713,0.00005477076,0.008826353,0.3981838,0.12219177,0.024011344,0.3960042,0.0020272152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017709994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014647655,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86159843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004257257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010280095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40715024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2396006961","doi":"10.1007/s10483-015-1928-9","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulation of natural convection in open end cavity with inclined hot wall","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Mathematics and Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nusselt number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Prandtl number; Natural convection; Mechanics; Finite volume method; Rayleigh number; Heat transfer; Materials science; Convection; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Turbulence; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.032873780722598465,"score_gpt":0.27096426106893806,"score_spread":0.2380904803463396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2396006961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9367606,0.00013049804,0.05785682,0.00003843653,0.00014575385,0.0010284351,0.000007807449,0.00013030831,0.0039013308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98193973,0.000014741714,0.017919721,0.000026287264,0.000015122294,0.000024834211,0.0000075112484,0.000027379072,0.00002467842],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922776,0.0000064678156,0.0003012969,0.00013983971,0.00018612131,0.00013852735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994357,0.00014163827,0.0000965203,0.0001751836,0.000097902936,0.00005304376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038009512,0.00014563632,0.0002999791,0.00007346407,0.00003080714,0.000033431777,0.000104607694,0.00006882554,0.0000034139327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038158007,0.00012475374,0.000012615207,0.00017438283,0.000016122878,0.00013896206,0.0001052861,0.00011475691,0.0000039628158],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002892472,0.0002675948,0.00014324611,0.0011878478,0.0002452453,0.0000062784115,0.015575706,0.7405908,0.00976216,0.2280419,0.000102285005,0.0037876961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015070778,0.00004532612,0.00011219788,0.00005277189,0.000049887985,0.000002368985,0.0010244146,0.9848117,0.0023436153,0.009661529,0.00019838042,0.00019071931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020905421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010076811,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24422093,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051099683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001922501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.508731},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2419300822","doi":"10.1115/ht2007-32130","title":"Thin Film Phonon Heat Conduction by the Dispersion Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Phonon; Boltzmann equation; Thermal conduction; Condensed matter physics; Thermal conductivity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mean free path; Materials science; Debye model; Physics; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Scattering; Optics","score_opus":0.022127848648384397,"score_gpt":0.2891943244245491,"score_spread":0.2670664757761647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2419300822","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29278815,0.0026087419,0.5629894,0.0016705983,0.0019238618,0.00063243083,0.000017693152,0.0015748395,0.13579424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855931,0.000078437384,0.0080279,0.0005645604,0.0002246642,0.0000093280805,0.000019364563,0.000049399045,0.0054332404],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897593,0.000042384883,0.0002643065,0.00018741579,0.00023928145,0.00029068763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912363,0.00046109507,0.000020905643,0.00027099345,0.00006150213,0.000061851315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007427187,0.00017647143,0.0001614798,0.00005398249,0.00020312598,0.00004452714,0.00013047436,0.00008783171,0.0002513094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004600067,0.000118774486,0.00006469185,0.00023032688,0.000041162264,0.0002733338,0.000047340505,0.00020166782,0.00021749418],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009966999,0.00012826058,0.0019491463,0.00015320841,0.0005483928,0.000010475204,0.0071998336,0.44379362,0.06747321,0.0057556797,0.44873807,0.024150414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010684265,0.000053149706,0.0055370843,0.000027379168,0.00013804795,0.000028613873,0.004779455,0.5739806,0.08065933,0.0005047964,0.33256352,0.00065957673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009995037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000046649315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69280493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000877389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004321332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4843483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2477455275","doi":"10.2298/tsci160510185a","title":"Particle-level simulations of flocculation in a fiber suspension flowing through a diffuser","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thermal Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Engineering Link (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbulence; Flocculation; Materials science; Fiber; Inertia; Drag; Suspension (topology); Reynolds number; Physics; Classical mechanics; Composite material; Chemistry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05079903873299201,"score_gpt":0.2848640770676914,"score_spread":0.23406503833469938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2477455275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99606824,0.000034841625,0.0020465788,0.00008077496,0.00006269552,0.00010563063,0.0000040410787,0.00006719237,0.0015300172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992149,0.0000030152862,0.0006767913,0.000013067784,0.000019198056,0.0000029699213,2.614713e-7,0.000008709919,0.0000610865],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991595,0.00001574639,0.00021207596,0.00013666831,0.0002578607,0.00021811303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955696,0.00015634163,0.00001822338,0.00017133153,0.00006797945,0.000029178853],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020240189,0.00007726754,0.00010578713,0.000054589444,0.00006928248,0.000011835967,0.00011581424,0.000023829683,0.00016467678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010372545,0.000053023963,0.000021279131,0.0005045621,0.00016318515,0.00070021424,0.000055828543,0.000031881336,0.000052264288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007129131,0.000018391034,0.017173951,0.0000070674882,0.000004653871,8.9753115e-7,0.0016149305,0.36390316,0.61018074,0.0005961865,0.0000032565129,0.0064896448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006656356,0.00001144786,0.6521017,0.0000651176,0.000007067291,5.553542e-7,0.000056539913,0.25290924,0.09343378,0.0004915269,0.000104285384,0.00015308928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019552077,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035682486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63492775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070388465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017033295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21622545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518817723","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2016.07.016","title":"An IB-LBM investigation into the aerodynamic coefficients in relation to the rotation intensity of a tornado-like wind","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Tornado; Aerodynamics; Mathematics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Meteorology; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.01194337954902767,"score_gpt":0.23506515132500297,"score_spread":0.2231217717759753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2518817723","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48399147,0.0000134913935,0.51462144,0.0005057,0.000038805534,0.000720698,0.0000033256717,0.00006489641,0.000040151415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97683966,0.0000066450393,0.02281616,0.0000856487,0.00003004055,0.00017406682,0.00001195886,0.00002237599,0.000013439466],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907935,0.000032648375,0.00035882823,0.0001716481,0.00022482386,0.00013267763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988339,0.00026940485,0.000117693555,0.00053975696,0.00018938788,0.00004984857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000295703,0.00013255463,0.00015728713,0.00010794131,0.00013548149,0.000029830979,0.00027450678,0.000038473707,0.0000015846732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028599938,0.00007201762,0.000022572793,0.0005420045,0.00011159467,0.00015352544,0.000046628717,0.00007942873,0.000027199363],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018240467,0.00016059888,0.0064152153,0.0001579509,0.00009981494,3.7750948e-7,0.055146288,0.88967127,0.0077582616,0.016410427,0.00042984137,0.02373172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073424634,0.000083030005,0.20518664,0.00032038792,0.00007033882,0.0000049550367,0.0016323581,0.7815983,0.0004757012,0.008833644,0.00073868944,0.0003217027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016985736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021901848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4928482,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001228429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019420459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29367933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526536488","doi":"10.1615/specialtopicsrevporousmedia.v6.i3.10","title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF POROUS MEDIA AT THE EXIT OF COUNTERFLOW COMBUSTION USING THE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Special Topics & Reviews in Porous Media An International Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Combustion; Materials science; Porosity; Heat transfer; Thermal conduction; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.06193219877749264,"score_gpt":0.32982577200103735,"score_spread":0.26789357322354473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526536488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806421,0.006444108,0.001324774,0.0004921767,0.009711672,0.00054201053,0.00001720512,0.000012099021,0.0008138965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9742895,0.009530804,0.0062577473,0.00034661908,0.00939131,0.000020629497,0.000020650668,0.00005515988,0.0000875748],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972888,0.00051501865,0.0010353862,0.000118730975,0.00089152815,0.00015050049],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99764085,0.00074240734,0.00070702226,0.00030157017,0.0005457408,0.00006239072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017402751,0.00016913259,0.00041395891,0.00014517384,0.00007067055,0.000027658145,0.0006647929,0.00008001746,0.000033697408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018016583,0.00009556697,0.00012716232,0.00031603588,0.00022143638,0.0002596248,0.00013697112,0.00035188821,0.0000025336406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005287932,0.00043217573,0.31645966,0.0018941486,0.001797876,0.00010485931,0.19918378,0.13100539,0.016536904,0.023226755,0.019940685,0.288889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015535343,0.0007878046,0.5185854,0.01274765,0.002790255,0.0016944582,0.015116273,0.06350022,0.094383806,0.11337302,0.15889296,0.002592822],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006016149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044977924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28629616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024335746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008129047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38971078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526908394","doi":"10.11159/htff16.136","title":"Dynamic Stall Simulation with Direct-Forcing Immersed Boundary Method","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Stall (fluid mechanics); Immersed boundary method; Forcing (mathematics); Computer science; Control theory (sociology); Boundary (topology); Mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Atmospheric sciences; Mathematical analysis; Control (management)","score_opus":0.006399536579091743,"score_gpt":0.22517040938286167,"score_spread":0.21877087280376994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526908394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972727,0.00001878083,0.0004191775,0.00015278232,0.00072095863,0.00032818344,0.0000277646,0.00040213397,0.0006575707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995047,0.000026917382,0.004547282,0.000020075639,0.00007288507,0.000031068466,0.0000012103104,0.00007107598,0.00018248805],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988288,0.0000042434226,0.0003382064,0.0002813553,0.000247863,0.00029951945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935037,0.00021753693,0.00010398495,0.0001387219,0.0001083076,0.00008109143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017539997,0.0002855032,0.00037515024,0.00010998328,0.000073308736,0.00008160632,0.00020616298,0.00007798926,0.00002089744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000907367,0.00017510062,0.000061007013,0.00020450693,0.000058266334,0.000239808,0.00012873288,0.00011856266,0.0000016360543],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000105974876,0.000010875152,0.000010324799,0.00024183802,0.000092962975,3.6635691e-7,0.000012986571,0.015950734,0.9818852,0.0009338297,0.000057067216,0.000697869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006810286,0.000030644063,0.000033508684,0.00054703536,0.00006440808,0.000002377217,0.00002280734,0.10326402,0.893148,0.00014787195,0.0017751148,0.00028318606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015755891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011058344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08873717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008701367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006896191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7140396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527608475","doi":"10.2298/tsci160429238b","title":"Differentiated heated lid driven cavity interacting with tube: A lattice Boltzmann study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thermal Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Nusselt number; Mechanics; Natural convection; Enclosure; Heat transfer; Reynolds number; Physics; Rayleigh number; Buoyancy; Cylinder; Forced convection; Combined forced and natural convection; Materials science; Turbulence; Geometry","score_opus":0.018723195015920315,"score_gpt":0.2630996678364919,"score_spread":0.2443764728205716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2527608475","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956345,0.000017945415,0.00060038164,0.00007517524,0.00022009654,0.00028359235,0.0000035062085,0.00046895046,0.0026958773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995917,0.0000019795361,0.00013982595,0.000018209757,0.000044976463,0.000016288284,3.6382923e-7,0.000024059325,0.0001626003],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856687,0.000043373504,0.00020453894,0.00031230642,0.00043871842,0.00043420756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991746,0.0002030821,0.00004725239,0.00031446805,0.00014958196,0.00011101095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030829728,0.00018797509,0.00019436107,0.00010435298,0.00027111254,0.00008899558,0.00035317638,0.000024380974,0.00010825298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009733101,0.0001087269,0.0000225267,0.00058215985,0.00023974116,0.0007353763,0.00015245819,0.00011541985,0.00012159205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015816627,0.00038835188,0.37187687,0.000036691075,0.0002625656,0.0000617985,0.013584619,0.021583974,0.5707526,0.00010131885,0.00006285364,0.021130152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012697431,0.00019322823,0.9648284,0.00010419081,0.000051888663,0.000007487024,0.00081362494,0.018366208,0.013876477,0.000011512772,0.00008371857,0.00039357308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048761063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007122171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5929515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012938313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026285903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44337544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2529658557","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2016.09.019","title":"Spectrally accurate algorithm for analysis of convection in corrugated conduits","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Electrical conduit; Convection; Mathematics; Algorithm; Mechanics; Computer science; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.02391617463178967,"score_gpt":0.27055510722947534,"score_spread":0.24663893259768568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2529658557","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014479627,0.000031969026,0.9842387,0.000055698212,0.000028820472,0.00070292735,0.000055729928,0.00014645798,0.00026005806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7460958,0.000030127994,0.2532234,0.00001848279,0.000024616204,0.00048319218,0.000029377152,0.000030961404,0.00006409503],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992535,0.000006394449,0.00035340333,0.00014566154,0.000099568526,0.00014143223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990202,0.00044018918,0.00011107671,0.000250756,0.00014804007,0.000029715884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000093268536,0.000121464545,0.00031216128,0.00026880627,0.000034055563,0.000013701585,0.00011566298,0.000037290498,0.000007469408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008140016,0.00008851683,0.000057986297,0.00080163474,0.00005027582,0.00008528825,0.000015997412,0.000033038945,0.0000075388093],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041326348,0.00093699864,0.004098149,0.0011146588,0.009386822,0.0000035026108,0.006817552,0.6544829,0.015481009,0.077555954,0.0021878693,0.22789326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007517088,0.000026347985,0.0025978028,0.000056259785,0.00036698626,0.0000012745776,0.00007693301,0.99256986,0.0012827343,0.0014835832,0.00062040205,0.00016610969],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019619924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021043206,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73161614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005714636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012454646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36096114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W25366936","doi":"10.1007/3-540-31801-1_66","title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Transient Incompressible Laminar Flows","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Sensitivity (control systems); Compressibility; Mechanics; Transient (computer programming); Transient flow; Flow (mathematics); Cylinder; Pulsatile flow; Incompressible flow; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Meteorology; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.015838971955430815,"score_gpt":0.22419651400117277,"score_spread":0.20835754204574194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W25366936","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0030786751,0.0004767658,0.01965923,0.000010315768,0.00011742003,0.00015626008,0.0001720224,0.00029506598,0.9760342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7266278,0.000085996035,0.0010728155,0.00001571816,0.00008285511,0.0000036776376,0.00015498334,0.00008335032,0.27187282],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887156,0.000009939493,0.00044452774,0.00022379252,0.00029682243,0.00015335345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999258,0.00015135123,0.000074342584,0.00036240608,0.00011814213,0.000035797155],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000111119174,0.00030271558,0.00082791824,0.0005153721,0.000029850698,0.000010700555,0.00006119867,0.00020285169,0.00032335377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029185487,0.0002882667,0.00037600737,0.00013281546,0.000043440188,0.000056603603,0.000033902008,0.00015683696,0.00003427267],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036295828,0.000010536535,0.00008354711,0.00011740035,0.0032413267,0.000016146178,0.000098032055,0.9886963,0.00022106389,0.0035050504,0.0032741372,0.0007328579],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036792894,0.000022874643,0.008846671,0.00011894433,0.0067882673,0.0000016622497,0.00001693103,0.85523415,0.00048571336,0.00039931084,0.12681654,0.00090098917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006282433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075397955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7235491,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059535985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008085869,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553723290","doi":"10.1111/cgf.13084","title":"Primal‐Dual Optimization for Fluids","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Graphics Forum","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Dual (grammatical number); Computer graphics (images); Art","score_opus":0.023469453053808154,"score_gpt":0.2596859859427694,"score_spread":0.23621653288896127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553723290","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0076383287,0.00014216908,0.98897094,0.00034995843,0.0012772707,0.0002754231,0.000015705647,0.00034507626,0.0009851157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93359345,0.000059533224,0.065577485,0.00020486815,0.00038475665,0.000038050657,0.000028610028,0.000051401676,0.00006182971],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993215,0.000004844567,0.00016999351,0.0001540225,0.000107467975,0.00024213573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993263,0.00005711819,0.00004520914,0.0004137272,0.000112584145,0.000045076402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000911234,0.00013410929,0.00015062703,0.000080374826,0.00046528058,0.0001745188,0.00020726745,0.000071229355,0.0000062723925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018234083,0.00013675664,0.00008570128,0.000045586392,0.000061258026,0.00029482733,0.000115234696,0.00006974974,0.00000738051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015446827,0.00003329072,0.0092339795,0.00015528974,0.00025982363,0.000003442895,0.00029015425,0.83974504,0.00004331479,0.107958615,0.031189686,0.011071921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004861719,0.000032165728,0.004216556,0.00001526897,0.000018043555,0.0000014394731,0.0000059531117,0.9779655,0.00009403152,0.0017443837,0.015248249,0.00017227691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012884877,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044091644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9259551,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016682221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065154145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55767745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2563278035","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2016-0568","title":"Linear stability analysis of two-way coupled particle-laden density current","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Instability; Current (fluid); Mechanics; Drag; Current density; RADIUS; Viscosity; Drag coefficient; Particle (ecology); Particle density; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.037357316158853314,"score_gpt":0.2655314186104704,"score_spread":0.2281741024516171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2563278035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771162,0.0003544682,0.02206864,0.00007538327,0.00024648974,0.000042715677,0.000042699427,0.000010485987,0.000042909902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99962866,0.000020135261,0.00016698641,0.000008657552,0.00015750738,4.9670155e-7,0.0000010120581,0.000011433861,0.000005108635],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911356,0.000030236071,0.0003943104,0.00007566299,0.00017899956,0.00020725117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987873,0.00014419595,0.0001386357,0.00019689795,0.00043770665,0.00029526293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022024944,0.00010270603,0.00035988208,0.00010153997,0.000044186996,0.0000106385705,0.000120659744,0.000023288281,0.00007140186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009964746,0.00007736881,0.00018288194,0.00046129344,0.00009225723,0.0001700416,0.000009310443,0.00010190816,0.000008939545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000232697,0.000062849154,0.7366534,0.00009710325,0.0037932624,0.000027188014,0.002957536,0.21163167,0.01404517,0.0025907033,0.00056801154,0.027549857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034340718,0.00014056318,0.5706275,0.0002610506,0.004923409,0.0000068337467,0.0004250497,0.3480317,0.06410409,0.00435633,0.002796774,0.0008926086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003096244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070937644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16602585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019729923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016488059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3958487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2565448056","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22762","title":"Numerical investigation of two phase flow in micromodel porous media: Effects of wettability, heterogeneity, and viscosity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Micromodel; Wetting; Porous medium; Viscous fingering; Materials science; Viscosity; Saturation (graph theory); Capillary action; Capillary pressure; Enhanced oil recovery; Petroleum engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Two-phase flow; Imbibition; Capillary number; Mechanics; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Geology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0109699509197855,"score_gpt":0.22496720550999272,"score_spread":0.21399725459020721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2565448056","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996287,0.00065250683,0.0026970464,0.00016507896,0.00010856379,0.000069154805,0.0000074328736,0.000008489394,0.0000047364124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990381,0.0000064801093,0.00087781216,0.000009508981,0.00005050471,0.0000013611314,4.3799542e-7,0.000015569754,2.2326955e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992142,0.000019286606,0.0003948711,0.00006584231,0.00013353021,0.00017228164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914265,0.00040250368,0.00007317887,0.00010837632,0.00007425981,0.00019901371],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023417527,0.000111920075,0.00029269053,0.000126428,0.000012470292,0.0000068529525,0.0001287634,0.000052415715,0.0000021791052],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029001074,0.00007780396,0.000047671725,0.00013676556,0.00010489768,0.000110256784,0.000016738215,0.00015011625,2.9364918e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011534182,0.000010406766,0.006894393,0.00023487542,0.00007683515,0.000014129309,0.0008436126,0.09320571,0.89732075,0.00005871132,0.000019185989,0.0013098485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018285587,0.00003412279,0.005643644,0.00034127478,0.00004416953,0.00004562447,0.0000040311998,0.068615764,0.9228221,0.00047437884,0.000006109259,0.00014021447],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002080867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023832374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025501348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014120722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063393636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31727535},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2570987851","doi":"10.2514/6.2017-0583","title":"CFD Simulation of a Quad-Rotor UAV with Rotors in Motion Explicitly Modeled Using an LBM Approach with Adaptive Refinement","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"55th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Extendicare (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Rotor (electric); Motion (physics); Control engineering; Aerospace engineering; Mechanical engineering; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","score_opus":0.0857185591049446,"score_gpt":0.3088843665845809,"score_spread":0.22316580747963632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2570987851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90510744,0.00004183931,0.091266975,0.000022396745,0.000049890317,0.0007047574,0.0000028839481,0.000096949334,0.0027068555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95529795,0.0000025467343,0.044541858,0.0000076219703,0.000047111615,0.000052247935,0.0000017122293,0.000029720828,0.000019261874],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811786,0.000060389142,0.00034435108,0.000445725,0.00063006586,0.00040163286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889374,0.00007719267,0.000334532,0.00040729184,0.00020959773,0.00007765899],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083996955,0.00025424763,0.000353092,0.00018344683,0.0005875527,0.00015638639,0.0003149487,0.000062986575,0.000002983397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010097313,0.00019727378,0.000031152966,0.00039141727,0.00029102116,0.0012360973,0.00007356284,0.00013276137,0.0000010060598],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045411263,0.000042087853,0.046019185,0.000044977554,0.000017205964,9.128768e-7,0.0024334677,0.9489546,0.002068499,0.000104059516,6.439634e-7,0.00026899297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076282135,0.00021460319,0.021243248,0.00023880295,0.000023287377,0.0000010209914,0.0035809707,0.97215086,0.0014967045,0.000023172415,0.0000026676134,0.00026183718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006160212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005200874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050190464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015116854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004898116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80445915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2572439071","doi":"10.1002/aic.15643","title":"Arbitrary shaped ice particle melting under the influence of natural convection","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Natural convection; Materials science; Dimensionless quantity; Cylinder; Convection; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geology; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023765323808241357,"score_gpt":0.2794054082658521,"score_spread":0.2556400844576107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2572439071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975538,0.000433061,0.0003967311,0.00056734437,0.00031329578,0.000043628002,4.958355e-7,0.000039149225,0.000652488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994357,0.000051683153,0.000159024,0.000118929674,0.00015900617,0.000001326267,1.09851555e-7,0.00001118442,0.00006303089],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937975,0.000025424559,0.00022320883,0.000053867687,0.00017091211,0.00014685991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938184,0.0001331774,0.00014663671,0.000192528,0.00011242906,0.000033383414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031046662,0.00007618816,0.0001052223,0.000018168521,0.0004700511,0.000103003,0.00019840374,0.000029487377,0.00001593128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014337487,0.00005210362,0.000047163525,0.000042129763,0.000077934994,0.0005055301,0.000045544708,0.00031123648,0.0000150348305],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066366716,0.000044047327,0.1153365,0.00009714888,0.00079527544,0.000021394664,0.004966181,0.60466665,0.26596797,0.0027707329,0.00090623234,0.004361489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047601043,0.000013914718,0.89416206,0.000047532594,0.00004929967,0.000054399556,0.0005801285,0.095984675,0.007161196,0.0010924459,0.00026489372,0.000113461756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011864779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011725106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7788255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028403803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012916107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36153007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2577798777","doi":"","title":"Wettability on Chemically Heterogeneous Surfaces via a Mean-Field Lattice Boltzmann Approach","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Contact angle; Wetting; Surface tension; Surface energy; Mean field theory; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Sessile drop technique; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Condensed matter physics; Statistical physics","score_opus":0.017228835078153718,"score_gpt":0.24348021873963094,"score_spread":0.22625138366147723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2577798777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84830415,0.0003443065,0.0139655145,0.00046263332,0.00016190993,0.0003678886,0.0000040838695,0.0013749668,0.13501452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940381,0.000018358436,0.0046831495,0.0008526968,0.00008608577,0.000010673027,0.0000057330512,0.000027172222,0.0002780169],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986033,0.000024970905,0.00034528662,0.00034249236,0.0003134465,0.00037053452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990726,0.00024997894,0.00003132591,0.0004641715,0.00007376911,0.00010815317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017845558,0.00027869275,0.0003084685,0.000055157314,0.00008308766,0.00004884261,0.00020301294,0.00013645594,0.000106743486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006566957,0.0002416666,0.00010441065,0.00018028871,0.000028914736,0.00015069985,0.00003414156,0.00022460916,0.00015941555],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026510426,0.0009958242,0.0033156883,0.0003314276,0.000583412,0.00002942955,0.0029818984,0.91074634,0.033918962,0.0031171725,0.009261351,0.034453362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020641761,0.0006591507,0.018970424,0.00005171485,0.0001644309,0.000042681117,0.00028852923,0.8028605,0.15744974,0.004328237,0.01104598,0.0020744547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010347149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000906489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14573394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007424636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062920853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98548776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2588911373","doi":"10.1109/antem.2000.7851714","title":"Application of lattice gas automata to electromagnetic scattering and transmission line modelling","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice gas automaton; Computer science; Cellular automaton; Algorithm; Lattice (music); Automaton; Binary number; Computational science; Parallel computing; Statistical physics; Theoretical computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Stochastic cellular automaton","score_opus":0.011130980721158399,"score_gpt":0.2302364850937033,"score_spread":0.21910550437254492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2588911373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59736073,0.00021979798,0.39841697,0.00017288084,0.0000070055753,0.00015567864,0.0000010631711,0.00022928779,0.0034365996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96738505,0.0001841708,0.032125365,0.000038333186,0.000020388663,0.000012720747,0.0000022665633,0.000020240328,0.00021149027],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942946,0.0000060154007,0.00020053219,0.00013075394,0.00009913389,0.00013408058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997328,0.000038297065,0.000010180453,0.00013962763,0.00002411426,0.000055013512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006322058,0.00009560877,0.00012926907,0.000056578956,0.000034113054,0.000011474666,0.000054329932,0.000031616146,0.000078204714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015101862,0.000091845,0.000016216007,0.00014621818,0.000011999204,0.00008561556,0.000009183833,0.000044284465,0.000029971194],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008902932,0.000009514803,0.00003819756,0.00007772562,0.000011451831,1.6937385e-7,0.00032525556,0.8579754,0.026694814,0.00009077747,0.000023227572,0.11474455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018406841,0.00003680393,0.00048668712,0.000020727197,0.00001764736,0.0000019602767,0.000011277748,0.9894797,0.007005001,0.0001761513,0.002476803,0.000103145554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001856266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002051475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37002432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012776316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022436714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37453303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600121067","doi":"10.1108/hff-11-2015-0487","title":"Pore scale evaluation of thermal conduction anisotropy in granular porous media using Lattice Boltzmann method","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Anisotropy; Thermal conduction; Thermal conductivity; Porosity; Surface roughness; Porous medium; Grain size; Surface finish; Mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Optics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.10397175598061126,"score_gpt":0.43934711963620066,"score_spread":0.3353753636555894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600121067","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26656935,0.0007373949,0.7295137,0.0002553,0.002533281,0.00022816629,0.000031427353,0.00002044612,0.00011089948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3885119,0.000043441833,0.6108997,0.000025455609,0.00046160485,0.000008581858,0.000012042495,0.000033354707,0.0000039640527],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970396,0.00049883296,0.0010651578,0.00020302573,0.0009496028,0.00024373586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964904,0.0008902954,0.00040343427,0.00029679132,0.0018189433,0.00010012248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045472416,0.00022754322,0.000610409,0.0003399969,0.000119840835,0.00008049391,0.00052518304,0.00013927123,0.000054822784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023018545,0.00020837729,0.00025757536,0.000119933946,0.00009635054,0.0007330615,0.00007429476,0.0002743869,0.0000015509651],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036745184,0.00017095635,0.00357945,0.000057364607,0.0005705901,0.000010870238,0.0015132233,0.6307702,0.18012974,0.00022391675,0.000102774444,0.18250348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028143206,0.000080952275,0.016332947,0.00014495887,0.00032752266,0.00013645567,0.00015165238,0.95814,0.014896406,0.0053550685,0.0013675524,0.00025216633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005438338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007692247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3273698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003780506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008796315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8497379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2602720484","doi":"","title":"Simulations of Droplet Coalescence in Simple Shear Flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bulletin of the American Physical Society","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Péclet number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary action; Coalescence (physics); Capillary number; Reynolds number; Weber number; Mechanics; Materials science; Thermal diffusivity; Turbulence; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.011077425526933303,"score_gpt":0.2505415280754394,"score_spread":0.23946410254850609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2602720484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982907,0.000055872908,0.000542851,0.00031787597,0.00004351203,0.00011959373,0.00003185698,0.000040685693,0.0005570572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819875,0.000010482273,0.0015665392,0.00009585077,0.00008565805,0.0000045100837,0.000001799816,0.000017419748,0.000018999519],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992764,0.000037644942,0.00019807134,0.000080192134,0.00019552355,0.00021216915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928087,0.00031337718,0.00009548586,0.0002367205,0.00003802718,0.000035489767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008257848,0.000102648555,0.00028367602,0.0000097987395,0.00003863441,0.0000027787924,0.00015503321,0.000017042008,0.000038168124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052714415,0.0000806271,0.00018889162,0.00029441944,0.0003306568,0.000025118625,0.000094138995,0.00011941117,0.000013520547],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012423436,0.00038402976,0.06769078,0.000119329685,0.00013327262,7.446913e-8,0.005527999,0.8921756,0.010635267,0.0003892462,0.02089102,0.0020409387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070507854,0.000048759946,0.52695864,0.000066199405,0.00007388685,5.1111857e-7,0.0018125663,0.43573585,0.007471173,0.00041240436,0.026290547,0.0004243404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000874005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012917421,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45926788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034912176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062708145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32878777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604696884","doi":"10.1103/physreve.95.033306","title":"Generalized three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann color-gradient method for immiscible two-phase pore-scale imbibition and drainage in porous media","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; National Supercomputing Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Viscous fingering; Porous medium; Galilean invariance; Mechanics; Inflow; Conservation of mass; Capillary action; Surface tension; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Physics; Geology; Classical mechanics; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03381915406411443,"score_gpt":0.3720038511925752,"score_spread":0.3381846971284607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604696884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9731992,0.012896852,0.007775618,0.0014569613,0.00036568078,0.0017332454,0.000106189924,0.00018703792,0.002279253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979585,0.00074763276,0.018419897,0.00038233018,0.00035569657,0.00031726155,0.00008158718,0.000061890096,0.000048694084],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985801,0.00005772305,0.00039071485,0.00036776153,0.00025259698,0.00035111094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987036,0.00047651498,0.0001408395,0.000445918,0.00010444716,0.00012869378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005654029,0.0002626551,0.0006786024,0.000059651276,0.00023477874,0.0000625721,0.00017508681,0.00004211614,0.0000112784755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033992954,0.000230819,0.00013782135,0.000104901184,0.00009273829,0.00029473228,0.000121171375,0.00015597291,0.000019989473],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015425659,0.005202898,0.0043839416,0.022723863,0.0019087893,0.00044305943,0.007802777,0.07170725,0.11782567,0.3898486,0.038148195,0.33846238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008559405,0.00018980361,0.012930343,0.0012474185,0.0004960412,0.000016011818,0.000029880788,0.87976736,0.0027519343,0.08194019,0.011150103,0.00092153664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056942397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021977909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8080601,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006699242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014757441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9412526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604889855","doi":"10.1051/epjap/2017170087","title":"Study on an antagonist differentiated heated lid driven-cavity enclosing a tube: lattice Boltzmann method","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal Applied Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Nusselt number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Natural convection; Heat transfer; Cylinder; Physics; Rayleigh number; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.04337718954502115,"score_gpt":0.3173470573712544,"score_spread":0.2739698678262332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604889855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9451952,0.000009298014,0.005057187,0.00006072659,0.00034328745,0.00046526402,0.000016934458,0.00037318133,0.04847895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962819,0.000007393146,0.00031223876,0.000069759146,0.0030978734,0.000008609073,0.000008629942,0.00017053823,0.00004305007],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99741477,0.0006192315,0.00043123213,0.00039626853,0.00061970373,0.00051881286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978746,0.00026529416,0.0002984833,0.0012043038,0.00013101767,0.00022627268],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069793506,0.0005106171,0.00057287817,0.000042506523,0.0022508656,0.00091098296,0.0011180951,0.000033027067,0.0000035429762],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028705796,0.0003605527,0.0001862355,0.00016116493,0.00017760516,0.00040301838,0.00033811646,0.0011822024,0.00023973934],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007489534,0.009013957,0.0021166434,0.00012841396,0.00431583,0.00053739466,0.042914346,0.41556665,0.30909404,0.0122043295,0.0021432454,0.20121618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016013492,0.0022772176,0.6965126,0.0004271616,0.003346382,0.0001255007,0.0067782523,0.17020582,0.050762534,0.04671062,0.001722056,0.0051183756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005012762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014372516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69439596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008828159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016045002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605325151","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2017.352","title":"Transport efficiency of metachronal waves in 3D cilium arrays immersed in a two-phase flow","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Cilium; Work (physics); Coupling strength; Flow (mathematics); Coupling (piping); Symplectic geometry; Fluid dynamics; Energy flow","score_opus":0.02361958150363703,"score_gpt":0.297815358474572,"score_spread":0.274195776970935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2605325151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9244105,0.00081105274,0.07331547,0.00007568886,0.00070470606,0.00013717372,0.00001534039,0.000013683861,0.0005163676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955266,0.0001672318,0.004175899,0.00001203503,0.00008249282,0.000001762716,9.92201e-7,0.000021730262,0.000011237223],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842817,0.000026132166,0.0008328636,0.000104545914,0.00037575082,0.00023254793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921465,0.00006642702,0.0002588697,0.00025531874,0.00013814702,0.00006658138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00079104264,0.00016236366,0.00051898154,0.00028875392,0.000050439543,0.000015782072,0.0002976125,0.000057392437,0.000036238747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001212102,0.00014692926,0.00014821292,0.00013207732,0.000025367925,0.0003498987,0.000028063687,0.00027294285,0.0000027384053],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002486427,0.0004360897,0.0009414659,0.00018931503,0.00021214872,0.0002491222,0.0031572862,0.72606367,0.2622227,0.0008122895,0.000057656987,0.005409605],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0066403304,0.00017981516,0.0029864982,0.00019822392,0.00009233541,0.000025455907,0.0003533089,0.9638464,0.024706295,0.00058383646,0.00016615761,0.00022134659],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010973545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007068312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23778275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010555401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007016936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5991602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605861707","doi":"10.1016/j.jngse.2017.04.005","title":"Numerical study of inertial effects on permeability of porous media utilizing the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Porous medium; Mechanics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Darcy number; Darcy's law; Fluid dynamics; Mathematics; Porosity; Physics; Materials science; Chemistry; Turbulence","score_opus":0.022273578976224406,"score_gpt":0.3018233620634247,"score_spread":0.2795497830872003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2605861707","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99812704,0.0004359479,0.00023817863,0.000106775886,0.00084456673,0.000108970606,4.7016152e-7,0.0000161656,0.00012185547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984994,0.000019748906,0.0013131177,0.000008502718,0.00014695177,9.1143477e-7,3.4194017e-8,0.000010053913,0.0000012728375],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858564,0.000027256447,0.00040032322,0.00011855466,0.0006695042,0.00019870538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985178,0.00061409845,0.00021528821,0.00027225772,0.00030793867,0.00007257838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014155451,0.00013542394,0.0003527547,0.00015313998,0.00019711076,0.000059667385,0.00046362623,0.000032585212,9.2432407e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021345422,0.00008465586,0.000055303313,0.0002110679,0.00013773209,0.00047928523,0.00009444518,0.00034531913,2.5298672e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015758065,0.00020315047,0.013043802,0.0005035096,0.0003018108,0.00005099426,0.014070521,0.75795054,0.1638275,0.0003810075,0.0000633716,0.049446218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012024565,0.00048061906,0.6814763,0.00022478442,0.00012607856,0.000067485445,0.0013349883,0.28875715,0.025985202,0.000050982137,0.00006584522,0.00022811515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012511969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016212966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6684325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053626107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022812099,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3452166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2608768741","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2017.02.047","title":"Spectrally-accurate immersed boundary conditions method for three-dimensional flows","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mathematics; Discretization; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Vorticity; Domain (mathematical analysis); Fourier series; Solver; Flow (mathematics); Fourier transform; Algorithm; Geometry; Mathematical optimization; Vortex; Mechanics","score_opus":0.029382579068897182,"score_gpt":0.309639535457606,"score_spread":0.2802569563887088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2608768741","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0032870746,0.000065884095,0.992327,0.00045680325,0.00013308023,0.0014180662,0.00010991621,0.0003419125,0.0018603097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11338692,0.0000048461015,0.884868,0.00008599177,0.00016483753,0.0012380318,0.000084399566,0.00007210825,0.00009481131],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899083,0.0000066466655,0.00032038373,0.00024906488,0.00017087518,0.00026221722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983327,0.0004090265,0.00016522082,0.0008445503,0.00016691942,0.00008161044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014639129,0.00022876463,0.00030070907,0.000072119976,0.0009866222,0.00022955032,0.00038889024,0.00005562347,0.000019583389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017140273,0.00020586263,0.0000881478,0.000081827086,0.00011646066,0.00021510056,0.00007545092,0.00010939256,0.00007042479],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003621109,0.00050551177,0.000259983,0.0011821138,0.0017975697,0.000008140399,0.0014996764,0.73873615,0.003598916,0.21217687,0.024716742,0.015482081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074170396,0.00002406107,0.0013014195,0.00005772497,0.00012249338,0.000014714534,0.00003381069,0.9590693,0.00020130997,0.02563523,0.012491589,0.00030664596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033876977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047521862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22033311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054734905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041370786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83948344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2608961263","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2017.186","title":"Resonance-like dynamics in radial cyclic injection flows of immiscible fluids in homogeneous porous media","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western Canada Research Grid","keywords":"Mechanics; Surface tension; Porous medium; Instability; Materials science; Viscosity; Resonance (particle physics); Flow (mathematics); Viscous fingering; Viscous liquid; Homogeneous; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01431161320422083,"score_gpt":0.24176697695370494,"score_spread":0.2274553637494841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2608961263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902683,0.0025088813,0.0043318104,0.00006430181,0.0023193536,0.0001269284,0.0000135840455,0.000022494976,0.00034434607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965273,0.0014522767,0.0017271945,0.000011765037,0.00021674744,0.0000027249607,0.0000017524823,0.000036370788,0.000023830857],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835235,0.000037556514,0.000859565,0.00012222257,0.00037207402,0.00025623626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990501,0.00010209478,0.0002818494,0.0003365267,0.00016036816,0.0000690924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006612199,0.00017378692,0.0004910315,0.00041447877,0.00007122533,0.00003616594,0.00034048554,0.00015637316,0.000009766768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032151808,0.0001731155,0.000104449,0.00019683536,0.000020806654,0.00036148936,0.00007083363,0.00033732835,0.0000039171596],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000576568,0.00032629224,0.0113364225,0.00027716183,0.0002523912,0.0006873359,0.004623545,0.8263312,0.09306465,0.0034791066,0.0009106594,0.05813467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025657024,0.00021227261,0.011122001,0.00025774096,0.00005141118,0.00018018195,0.0005468432,0.97718227,0.0046941354,0.0023086076,0.00058474904,0.00029407523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058597252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016182791,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15085109,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050348684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006555536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70594454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611651334","doi":"10.1177/1757482x17701791","title":"A numerical study of two-phase miscible flow through porous media with a Lagrangian model","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Porous medium; Parasitic drag; Multiphase flow; Saturation (graph theory); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Reynolds number; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Mathematics; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.041341338740483895,"score_gpt":0.32557106214128345,"score_spread":0.28422972340079955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2611651334","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73355067,0.0001232062,0.26560745,0.00013312469,0.00012123456,0.00021053785,0.000017910672,0.000025515641,0.00021039479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9518005,0.0000055583605,0.04796141,0.000031030268,0.00015561492,0.0000034863194,0.0000029517632,0.00003087054,0.00000856246],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983497,0.00007041145,0.00059927563,0.00009749873,0.00070323364,0.00017983739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981459,0.0005250529,0.0004317356,0.00030617882,0.0005094295,0.00008173238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038071646,0.00019785317,0.0004144187,0.00009180452,0.00030083462,0.000053047534,0.0004325951,0.000030295638,0.0000143626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010604015,0.00012496016,0.00007961084,0.00010617539,0.000096129144,0.0004468472,0.000043838638,0.00023463905,0.0000055339983],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000410576,0.00057820627,0.00020550651,0.000017085244,0.00035088885,0.000035030316,0.010140458,0.986744,0.00014258575,0.000033003023,0.00017211561,0.0011705831],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010720845,0.00037381475,0.0010793972,0.00006157712,0.00017818142,0.000073183815,0.00059150846,0.9854124,0.0000900585,0.0012512212,0.000022891318,0.00014487568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034963967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038375798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21824987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000425179,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006807019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50957274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612163830","doi":"","title":"A Model of Miscible Liquids in Porous Media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Uniqueness; Compressibility; Diffusion; Mechanics; Term (time); Stress (linguistics); Porosity; Physics; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.035285195681022875,"score_gpt":0.24546303548838885,"score_spread":0.21017783980736598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612163830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80512565,0.004183066,0.06251424,0.0015461417,0.0003752342,0.00057171675,0.00017318426,0.0005829319,0.124927856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9715953,0.00048034766,0.026142737,0.000015343961,0.000015739924,0.00005046616,0.00015637226,0.0000641967,0.0014795262],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972679,0.00087498286,0.0006886925,0.00042274265,0.0004438286,0.00030183527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99572116,0.0008074008,0.00022065088,0.0014511748,0.0016695701,0.00013004703],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0033822956,0.00030890413,0.0005258707,0.00030942535,0.000053547064,0.00007590996,0.0007647704,0.00029161174,0.000030758183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011138887,0.0003453462,0.00011552565,0.00034819933,0.00014994337,0.00012066819,0.0009066161,0.0005322695,0.000020598776],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021873106,0.00044873124,0.00314174,0.00083742104,0.00019072338,0.000006523743,0.061396,0.8974298,0.0032989436,0.0223846,0.0035149222,0.0073287156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006434322,1.717205e-7,0.0011204855,0.0012000181,0.000040086918,0.0000015240947,0.0001991464,0.9751274,0.010331624,0.010156969,0.0007453338,0.00043381323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003788393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021288113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16646963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019183397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021873938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2618305763","doi":"10.1142/s0129183117500851","title":"Three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method benchmarks between color-gradient and pseudo-potential immiscible multi-component models","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; National Supercomputing Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Buoyancy; Mechanics; HPP model; Statistical physics; Component (thermodynamics); Balanced flow; Bubble; Physics; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.042075076100315,"score_gpt":0.30902739995559386,"score_spread":0.26695232385527884,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2618305763","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4685607,0.00041446142,0.52922505,0.0003256524,0.0009253871,0.00010015702,0.000047282905,0.000025949803,0.00037538965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9552952,0.000053319844,0.043688755,0.000033787164,0.0008523694,0.000003819584,0.000011396863,0.000036519956,0.000024847272],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99813306,0.000029962954,0.0005692472,0.00021721913,0.00081425445,0.00023622432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830115,0.0001715938,0.00045920824,0.00026845763,0.0006593603,0.00014025882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041145008,0.00024668107,0.00039703943,0.00011538641,0.00024930137,0.000274152,0.0006157325,0.000082802064,0.000013189996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040693325,0.00022913699,0.00018066003,0.000028383452,0.00009924802,0.00095421623,0.00028878526,0.00035020086,0.0000063664643],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007735316,0.00012125534,0.0025053148,0.000021392992,0.0013467548,0.000059574493,0.0005533613,0.9666521,0.0031173907,0.0020220778,0.00038125835,0.02314217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001570937,0.00003377419,0.022064071,0.000091074624,0.0001299688,0.000046314704,0.00001852667,0.92627084,0.0006117537,0.04881185,0.00012311082,0.00022780646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028996312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000992884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4867345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001228157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037112794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9343935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2623305101","doi":"10.1080/19942060.2017.1292410","title":"Solving incompressible fluid flows on unstructured meshes with the lattice Boltzmann flux solver","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Polygon mesh; Solver; Turbulence; Airfoil; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Compressibility; Incompressible flow; Physics; Boundary value problem; Boundary layer; Geometry; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.010021686928219009,"score_gpt":0.23134609676265197,"score_spread":0.22132440983443297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2623305101","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05829055,0.00035290536,0.9380858,0.00047929026,0.0002569861,0.0007071016,0.00005456771,0.00049900933,0.0012738131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.963378,0.000017107855,0.036004767,0.000046900437,0.00016542527,0.00019949753,0.000042344134,0.000075241995,0.000070686234],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985919,0.000013134479,0.00035949788,0.0002753227,0.00048627018,0.00027385267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982659,0.0004060517,0.0001318515,0.00084352074,0.00027595105,0.00007667488],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020298707,0.0003008758,0.0002962075,0.00014090445,0.00055960286,0.00013459378,0.00066669384,0.000088501205,0.00002086241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005572436,0.00024463615,0.0000824614,0.00019559094,0.00004874123,0.00025234593,0.00012118125,0.00023583727,0.00003767065],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000982708,0.000018609337,0.000010493448,0.000073670395,0.00015408956,6.96133e-7,0.00017043782,0.95575184,0.003187039,0.038919825,0.0007509724,0.0009525132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044266472,0.00002998021,0.001228066,0.000066116605,0.00006395039,0.000005775954,0.00004580898,0.9835878,0.0041374024,0.002776787,0.0073329387,0.00028272875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000051161733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048814773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9050875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007064535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003905432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975973},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2624019580","doi":"","title":"Innovative Model for Flow Governed Solid Motion based on Penalization and Aerodynamic Forces and Moments","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Aerodynamics; Aerodynamic force; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Motion (physics); Moment (physics); Statistical physics; Physics; Mathematics; Computer science; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.02163846230368612,"score_gpt":0.2501953918444648,"score_spread":0.2285569295407787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2624019580","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12294886,0.00030521312,0.87019455,0.0008614094,0.00012039407,0.000768636,0.00022235634,0.00025522508,0.004323375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96674055,0.00016038504,0.030949112,0.00005464901,0.000013890668,0.00014182017,0.00079856144,0.000060247454,0.0010807909],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815464,0.0004548005,0.0003888087,0.00047693754,0.00030781818,0.00021699881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99644566,0.00058963883,0.00022707327,0.0006190055,0.0020266902,0.00009193077],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018112186,0.00030817708,0.0003298709,0.00018613433,0.00019410693,0.00021655341,0.00022487447,0.00019923219,0.0000051606407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007750543,0.00033118206,0.00004922029,0.00021610287,0.000102746344,0.00017275735,0.00032020858,0.00023296104,0.0000024670858],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000333728,0.00012035619,0.0011317006,0.0005437241,0.00012333329,3.5392188e-7,0.006940178,0.9735804,0.0005421887,0.006453126,0.0006635541,0.009867667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008193902,6.3804083e-7,0.002044727,0.0005164431,0.000038308583,4.103168e-7,0.000056422166,0.9916317,0.0010784105,0.003348552,0.00018023806,0.0002847988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034671033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023611824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84379166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020120131,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007181964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2633168464","doi":"10.1299/jsmecmd.2012.25.693","title":"101 Numerical Prediction of Two-Phase Flow Behavior under Seismic Condition by use of Interface Tracking Method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Keisan Rikigaku Koenkai koen ronbunshu/Keisan Rikigaku Kouenkai kouen rombunshuu","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Atomic Energy (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Interface (matter); Tracking (education); Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Geology; Simulation; Chemistry; Physics; Psychology","score_opus":0.04464885208772747,"score_gpt":0.3301328996207544,"score_spread":0.285484047533027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2633168464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84045494,0.0023501758,0.14768042,0.00014848752,0.0021939778,0.0021981264,0.0026045756,0.0013817343,0.0009875674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98050666,0.00020112918,0.016041657,0.00027213487,0.0006062867,0.0003143131,0.0009953905,0.00052178995,0.00054065214],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9900588,0.0008259066,0.003524678,0.0014138425,0.0018540169,0.0023227772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99373263,0.0012455264,0.0012418848,0.0019870864,0.0007694488,0.0010234228],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014992056,0.0018028652,0.0026014922,0.000929314,0.00046703665,0.00022421645,0.0010621763,0.0008736672,0.0006930464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030189904,0.0018861897,0.0009111887,0.0015315781,0.0006884218,0.0038052811,0.00042584364,0.0014583399,0.00017774601],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00084272405,0.007061645,0.08101377,0.0017872563,0.004237298,0.00005533196,0.01516214,0.57559884,0.23724748,0.0022162911,0.050554384,0.024222836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.023356091,0.0020322402,0.10485405,0.0016564286,0.006083516,0.0004532951,0.005372983,0.5458015,0.26207352,0.00087998685,0.04083752,0.006598841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037094735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029518602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14005171,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007989149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014242073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99947166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2667060791","doi":"","title":"Sketching Fluid Flows - Combining Sketch-based Techniques and Gradient Vector Flow for Lattice-Boltzmann Initialization.","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"GRAPP/IVAPP","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Sketch; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Initialization; Computer science; Vector flow; Flow (mathematics); Computational science; Algorithm; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Applied mathematics; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.025766581706074914,"score_gpt":0.26129701975075614,"score_spread":0.23553043804468124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2667060791","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.63253254,0.011084711,0.33584836,0.00059347996,0.0033144492,0.003628879,0.00025535157,0.005396093,0.0073461495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96410465,0.00009681581,0.03453895,0.00016301106,0.0005278282,0.00029909716,0.0000965827,0.00012278148,0.000050258688],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830526,0.000051613806,0.0004654909,0.0002904479,0.00026254647,0.0006246631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998914,0.00036550328,0.00007903806,0.00032612158,0.00012548458,0.00018985194],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043769387,0.00036995858,0.00040365287,0.00025960614,0.00034443647,0.000100782636,0.00014988544,0.00014888722,0.000025662344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009702741,0.0003766005,0.0001193085,0.00030722955,0.000075188196,0.00048755435,0.000066934655,0.0001715518,0.000018770783],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011150932,0.002530612,0.10092557,0.01261065,0.005289493,0.00013578276,0.07128856,0.26993772,0.046574034,0.18518107,0.09925342,0.205158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038083221,0.00024455137,0.0071280105,0.00040396155,0.00042957612,0.000033076303,0.0006012491,0.76776373,0.015343809,0.003235461,0.1991002,0.0019080278],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008406315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008532891,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49782604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008169437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018021725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2672340423","doi":"10.7538/yzk.2013.47.11.1971","title":"Numerical simulation of Taylor bubble rising in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic based on MPS method","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy science and technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Eutectic system; Bismuth; Lead (geology); Materials science; Mechanics; Physics; Geology; Metallurgy; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.013030538775170778,"score_gpt":0.26932260380377265,"score_spread":0.25629206502860186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2672340423","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7209241,0.00017055264,0.27563518,0.0007313254,0.00014195633,0.0001249117,6.835446e-7,0.0003455417,0.0019257342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99362564,0.000004274577,0.0062624235,0.000061330444,0.000009592653,0.000016296639,3.0840226e-7,0.000009097156,0.000011008216],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991666,0.000015801294,0.00018891184,0.00021031745,0.00019332225,0.000225032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994615,0.0001781043,0.00003804258,0.0001851117,0.000110041365,0.000027238562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025192488,0.000096307595,0.00017199629,0.00069351995,0.000076311,0.000015958363,0.00013803126,0.00009248043,0.000010883536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023908753,0.00008690378,0.000012076175,0.0015637466,0.0002469447,0.00021234986,0.0000405065,0.000105043706,0.0000058646865],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000475601,0.000015946158,0.00061585853,0.000006950875,0.000003341123,9.954654e-7,0.000060512342,0.96027035,0.01793111,0.003116908,0.0000064916503,0.017966803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019682826,0.00010312997,0.0011555373,0.0000135524715,0.0000030053377,8.9883645e-7,0.000077839344,0.947078,0.049601745,0.001390452,0.00028624202,0.00009276186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008328179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009611247,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27270156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005938378,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002111916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35438335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W269260486","doi":"10.1063/1.4769923","title":"An acoustic backscatter-based method for estimating attenuation towards monitoring lesion formation in high intensity focused ultrasound","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computational fluid dynamics; Nonlinear system; Mechanics; Physics; Superposition principle; Acoustics; Computer science","score_opus":0.06277955250521598,"score_gpt":0.3226373281607691,"score_spread":0.2598577756555531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W269260486","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.471794,0.000013395625,0.5273264,0.00006104414,0.00026945816,0.00028843933,0.0000039155275,0.0001941227,0.000049201975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.795756,0.0000027711096,0.20378153,0.00003366488,0.00024756312,0.00012149929,0.00002176668,0.000032205102,0.0000030472222],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871385,0.000012669615,0.00040223837,0.0002128744,0.00023340942,0.0004249291],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896765,0.00020905015,0.000121649966,0.00010548353,0.0005003964,0.00009574553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062588416,0.00023386414,0.00029143496,0.00018703344,0.000137233,0.00013563492,0.00013914984,0.00012022337,0.000007921828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035907154,0.00024027737,0.00004052294,0.00023202975,0.000022688837,0.0018470519,0.000022842947,0.00017311101,0.000009949769],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010660217,0.00014081808,0.21744338,0.0012213406,0.0000528657,4.970072e-7,0.01676093,0.059940003,0.6484549,0.00034644856,0.00020760493,0.055324588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006174804,0.000059230035,0.07677449,0.00017568648,0.000046248857,0.0000033432727,0.0010706276,0.88679594,0.033767868,0.00039933433,0.000012969484,0.00027680537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039905866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000069309076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8268559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025245768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018098448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9798227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W270421130","doi":"10.1137/15m101631x","title":"Parametric Resonance in Spherical Immersed Elastic Shells","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Fluid–structure interaction; Inviscid flow; Physics; Mechanics; Spherical shell; Parametric statistics; Viscosity; Viscous liquid; Floquet theory; Classical mechanics; Boundary value problem; Shell (structure); Boundary (topology); Compressibility; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Finite element method; Materials science","score_opus":0.019655786147248954,"score_gpt":0.24549499658575863,"score_spread":0.22583921043850969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W270421130","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.51396513,0.0011497253,0.38196948,0.00044977007,0.0010251778,0.00083764974,0.000011949013,0.00050916616,0.100081965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.974898,0.0002709347,0.024392882,0.00006427181,0.000121404366,0.00001403254,1.8333115e-7,0.000055646236,0.00018265116],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858785,0.000011847622,0.0005504766,0.00013445952,0.00036974734,0.0003456024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987316,0.0008134731,0.000105279665,0.0002097392,0.000035164303,0.00010472992],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002983047,0.00020763664,0.00034725407,0.00018811943,0.00005132202,0.000038018417,0.00016991234,0.00008248672,0.00017554147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016237017,0.00013669296,0.00006396414,0.0004518053,0.000044056032,0.00007818459,0.000027694412,0.00027895265,0.0006475122],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005011594,0.0024365492,0.0022787102,0.001466157,0.0008614906,0.0006354704,0.007113095,0.39175853,0.069448754,0.18029583,0.026821496,0.31638277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04602276,0.0014317671,0.058533803,0.007411584,0.0006436921,0.00092938397,0.0065469597,0.3005277,0.047094654,0.38037065,0.14112382,0.0093632145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.695293e-8,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7216693e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46093288,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020438354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001618387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8322676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2737892866","doi":"10.1063/1.4992192","title":"Lattice-Boltzmann simulation of multi-phase phenomena related to fuel cells","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP conference proceedings","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Catalysis; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Economies of agglomeration; Particle size; Process engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Mechanics; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.04724253391053203,"score_gpt":0.3122000558792724,"score_spread":0.2649575219687404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2737892866","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9576692,0.00012010787,0.016317599,0.00026213785,0.00045748998,0.0007553809,0.000029716719,0.00051554356,0.023872804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996982,0.000028067265,0.0020629747,0.000038274542,0.00005746529,0.000028658313,0.0000033097715,0.000049554197,0.0007497387],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854124,0.000004677883,0.0004994588,0.00032652594,0.00027694996,0.00035115017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986092,0.000063577194,0.00022727596,0.00032716742,0.0006222442,0.0001505741],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021961566,0.00027244427,0.0003822246,0.00016049086,0.00022496158,0.00019295326,0.0004469625,0.00012663355,0.000083232844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024553947,0.0002797089,0.000066434404,0.00014782588,0.00010829623,0.000727829,0.00016620845,0.00018460704,0.00019989148],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004748813,0.001120419,0.08475102,0.0038133638,0.0015712025,0.000023876715,0.13884147,0.21369103,0.47192135,0.023028098,0.002286899,0.058476396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020541418,0.000117971984,0.016011095,0.00014380249,0.00007487187,7.8345585e-7,0.0007285757,0.97203976,0.0049163233,0.0009227241,0.0025308654,0.0004591157],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011849443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004246595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7583487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000064262094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022013863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744090768","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2017.462","title":"Buoyant miscible displacement flows in rectangular channels","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Buoyancy; Laminar flow; Displacement (psychology); Open-channel flow; Stratified flow; Dimensionless quantity; Flow (mathematics); Reynolds number; Neutral buoyancy; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.02185016109847488,"score_gpt":0.26613428686598584,"score_spread":0.24428412576751096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2744090768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.966204,0.0023737056,0.025535198,0.000527254,0.0038848433,0.00020246352,0.000005489259,0.0000453654,0.0012216725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971681,0.0005719785,0.0018076617,0.000026533835,0.00027908516,0.0000028512566,3.9697233e-7,0.000026948519,0.000116399206],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889755,0.000018795263,0.00046691514,0.00008629803,0.00030867918,0.00022174658],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992714,0.0000375187,0.00017755931,0.00030987748,0.00012391582,0.000079737096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060829497,0.00013687198,0.00030230044,0.00014632165,0.00011685976,0.000086258435,0.00030323016,0.0000655342,0.000037090325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016490348,0.000118699114,0.00009315619,0.00006260981,0.0000074806026,0.00031896966,0.00006996443,0.0001984737,0.000018200219],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015040902,0.00016294204,0.00049714994,0.00021867968,0.0004698208,0.00041160878,0.0025739907,0.8446779,0.13293116,0.0043821605,0.007447936,0.0060762167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022861229,0.00018516244,0.00068338425,0.00034897085,0.000084220104,0.000062905136,0.00036573072,0.94394475,0.026795331,0.0032052044,0.021678258,0.00035994293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042979204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020384285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10613583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014086388,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023727818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48404095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2745987870","doi":"10.1002/2017wr021063","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulation of CO<sub>2</sub>reactive transport in network fractured media","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Fracture (geology); Porosity; Matrix (chemical analysis); Materials science; Carbon sequestration; Environmental science; Carbon dioxide; Geology; Petroleum engineering; Mechanics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.05189422911186697,"score_gpt":0.3340278950959621,"score_spread":0.2821336659840951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2745987870","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99325544,0.00023494434,0.00022920252,0.00011957701,0.00011828312,0.00040694943,0.000017461703,0.000092062895,0.005526089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993838,0.00004563616,0.000058026057,0.000010272778,0.00030816422,0.000034313714,0.000028814116,0.00006156156,0.00006939646],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973797,0.00016041056,0.0004671861,0.00032432933,0.0009159017,0.00075245154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982099,0.00064936426,0.000069884714,0.00070017367,0.00025657823,0.00011410423],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014481556,0.00021689598,0.00040741483,0.00032032994,0.00037620458,0.00009203407,0.0004921353,0.00019290642,0.000037823494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021805573,0.00017504102,0.00008097661,0.00018524204,0.0003129585,0.00039847195,0.00011852238,0.0006376479,0.000104620965],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020700769,0.000043281005,0.05390127,0.00014367168,0.00011789316,0.00004482611,0.02611417,0.90373594,0.013697555,0.000015324058,0.00018161205,0.0017974358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017849834,0.000070481925,0.69319457,0.00022428078,0.000035297042,0.0000013787444,0.0006383776,0.15224625,0.1262395,0.0011057123,0.023963766,0.00049541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009265293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026848735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7514897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010445434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012509932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71379656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2747740009","doi":"10.1071/aj15114","title":"Micro-scale simulation of bubble-water flow in coal seams by the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The APPEA Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Water model; Volumetric flow rate; Wetting; Flow (mathematics); Coal; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Petroleum engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Geology; Molecular dynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.016526668952700004,"score_gpt":0.2705810406548275,"score_spread":0.2540543717021275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2747740009","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76071775,0.0010515358,0.23312673,0.0030013924,0.00041788444,0.0002713868,0.000021098047,0.00007373907,0.001318471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974829,0.00006921678,0.0016724798,0.000104823186,0.00018908543,0.0000045844413,0.0000011592919,0.000031551965,0.00044422818],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986632,0.00019899198,0.0004395975,0.00010418724,0.00028084294,0.00031317773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988906,0.00062845915,0.00008247739,0.00025818154,0.00009500116,0.000045324432],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013042225,0.00015653367,0.00021902744,0.00006293246,0.00015933563,0.00004224224,0.00029740154,0.00006036571,0.00008989606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004428507,0.00006476335,0.00008445203,0.00011580273,0.000080782374,0.00022538846,0.000074886644,0.00025561638,0.00007724502],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060601084,0.000028214268,0.0023888603,0.000022489934,0.00014167238,0.0000030288631,0.003285318,0.9213231,0.06011461,0.00002841424,0.0027242973,0.009879352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0050707627,0.00010147832,0.01692513,0.0003335035,0.00025723927,0.00019177499,0.0015028539,0.79111016,0.12556048,0.005567696,0.052651275,0.0007276753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000075228645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011035045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23676512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007529592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009981875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26409727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2750679164","doi":"10.1108/hff-10-2016-0422","title":"Counter-extrapolation method for conjugate heat and mass transfer with interfacial discontinuity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Extrapolation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discontinuity (linguistics); Heat transfer; Mechanics; Conjugate gradient method; Boundary value problem; Mass transfer; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mathematical optimization","score_opus":0.03839970577120985,"score_gpt":0.3886321300684806,"score_spread":0.35023242429727075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2750679164","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0135090565,0.0003646749,0.98258066,0.0012139231,0.001665108,0.00037620938,0.00011980767,0.000038385235,0.00013218632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.29336685,0.00006765681,0.7058059,0.00009000561,0.0005377885,0.00003156814,0.000008829998,0.000043801534,0.000047585392],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843967,0.00010992604,0.0006661383,0.00021585605,0.00031922638,0.00024921316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99780136,0.0010425245,0.000088229644,0.00019259896,0.0007410179,0.00013428139],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012010789,0.00025509903,0.0005589457,0.00014234301,0.0002063491,0.0002707362,0.0003846397,0.000097369986,0.000022956894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004765229,0.00019954825,0.00022720166,0.00003775471,0.000109346394,0.00066623784,0.000033779186,0.000207239,0.0000011808761],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0064642653,0.00023301998,0.0058183526,0.00028910974,0.0048775775,0.000017145136,0.0036403665,0.090933815,0.2276602,0.001872029,0.0010793766,0.65711474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054335394,0.00053322443,0.0035736826,0.00021432147,0.00030822153,0.00013760776,0.000099410994,0.90903044,0.014555347,0.0039715525,0.061665952,0.0004766867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012496562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009438011,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81809664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013105171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030087644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8137341},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2760110811","doi":"10.1103/physreve.96.033112","title":"Orthotropic hydraulic permeability of arrays of parallel cylinders","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Perpendicular; Orthotropic material; Drag; Mechanics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Geometry; Porosity; Reynolds number; Distribution (mathematics); Volume fraction; Cylinder; Physics; Materials science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Composite material; Turbulence; Finite element method; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.035630830874911854,"score_gpt":0.33467300328930966,"score_spread":0.2990421724143978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2760110811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725574,0.0057866354,0.0024621163,0.00033514705,0.00011518053,0.0004016629,0.00001009516,0.000079592144,0.018252134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970594,0.0025333625,0.000281048,0.000031637297,0.000056167475,0.000010589074,0.0000018239143,0.000014311112,0.0000116608735],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923986,0.000022832412,0.00029239446,0.00012783761,0.00018736291,0.00012968906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989973,0.000089687244,0.00014241677,0.0006500691,0.00007860682,0.00004192137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009723641,0.00011956201,0.00050894695,0.00001293377,0.000055604196,0.000006258945,0.00022698904,0.00001925415,0.000019396857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027972204,0.00009885276,0.00018243842,0.000045445417,0.00014626543,0.000119470635,0.000059971866,0.00009065085,0.000030659066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013969072,0.0025949795,0.2497729,0.098759115,0.0030604233,0.000017928149,0.0072219507,0.25022218,0.0606419,0.07805878,0.00903559,0.24047457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001616373,0.00017409817,0.8463607,0.00297327,0.0006594097,0.0000016630892,0.000080749465,0.097542375,0.008748208,0.026074499,0.014816713,0.0009519426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010218827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034025963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5965878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016558195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007900071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40310988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2762711094","doi":"10.1088/1873-7005/aa9058","title":"Solution of weakly compressible isothermal flow in landfill gas collection networks","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fluid Dynamics Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Compressibility; Ideal gas; Isothermal flow; Flow (mathematics); Isothermal process; Mechanics; Mathematics; Partial differential equation; Groundwater flow equation; Darcy–Weisbach equation; Compressible flow; Thermodynamics; Open-channel flow; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Porous medium; Porosity","score_opus":0.05167990073237182,"score_gpt":0.34149627181168735,"score_spread":0.2898163710793155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2762711094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8908793,0.00075712125,0.055456545,0.00036675617,0.0007286504,0.00066993677,0.000039316237,0.00017211454,0.050930314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980406,0.000283975,0.0005541973,0.0000020694033,0.00008365133,0.000026443025,0.000017016366,0.000029074183,0.00096293294],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987711,0.00008010497,0.00024399172,0.00015646091,0.0003658312,0.00038252695],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990879,0.00018559152,0.00003565876,0.00042640726,0.00021823742,0.00004618297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007065516,0.00010090454,0.0001965668,0.0002583274,0.00034049287,0.000080352685,0.00025424678,0.00011518942,0.000034086872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014675714,0.00010418702,0.00003748945,0.00024520396,0.00014206575,0.00021739019,0.00016325354,0.00033107083,0.000022715161],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006159504,0.000038351904,0.029695911,0.0000780457,0.000038446917,0.000004990408,0.00028981303,0.9614851,0.0019466949,0.00053432555,0.0023406032,0.0034861476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044465833,0.000027560764,0.06948063,0.000054640223,0.0000028058143,9.379339e-7,0.00005026371,0.92931706,0.0001565492,0.0001772852,0.00020025525,0.00008734063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036038156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022059982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.107161395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002666936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027481496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42486233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2771095174","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2017.12.017","title":"Simulation of orientation of fibre particles in a stirred tank and its influential factors","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Rushton turbine; Mechanics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Orientation (vector space); Materials science; Particle (ecology); SPHERES; Turbulence; Rotation (mathematics); Center of mass (relativistic); Momentum (technical analysis); Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Physics; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics; Aerospace engineering","score_opus":0.02451047619310217,"score_gpt":0.29268610248136684,"score_spread":0.2681756262882647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2771095174","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990423,0.00018861481,0.00040079167,0.00007847361,0.00005546644,0.00010856497,0.0000063632224,0.000073862975,0.00004556784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998435,0.000010651466,0.0001217636,0.0000011148732,0.000004576548,0.000004308961,0.0000014079061,0.000007950103,0.0000047547337],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995411,0.000005718145,0.00021248472,0.00008401086,0.00006488144,0.00009179879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996074,0.00006486505,0.000094911964,0.00016237152,0.000060500126,0.00000996549],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003979636,0.000066180946,0.00015403029,0.00016824019,0.00003595107,0.0000064699498,0.00007513999,0.000088892106,0.000005274364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028229362,0.00006602113,0.000012442434,0.00009523877,0.00008142037,0.00017027874,0.000053416064,0.000051798488,0.000001212437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020378933,0.000030275532,0.56664145,0.00015379397,0.000064968954,0.0000013868203,0.001725095,0.3824369,0.040405467,0.002418839,0.0000050546123,0.006096395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087233685,0.000039097205,0.60392225,0.000040595714,0.000022460865,3.1576462e-7,0.0004501431,0.26462764,0.12739952,0.002449939,0.00006281804,0.00011290107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011387041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002845889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11780925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012032684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039625015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26922637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772494883","doi":"10.1080/01932691.2017.1388181","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulation of particles agglomeration and rheology in a particulate flow","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Compute Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Rheology; Particle (ecology); Dissipative particle dynamics; Economies of agglomeration; Mechanics; Shear (geology); Statistical physics; Shear rate; Newtonian fluid; Shear flow; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geology; Composite material; Engineering; Chemical engineering; Polymer","score_opus":0.018543059728222174,"score_gpt":0.28825022473582196,"score_spread":0.2697071650075998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2772494883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99735147,0.0004375274,0.0010302761,0.00096413953,0.00008951424,0.000049388862,4.7427966e-7,0.000012637916,0.00006455073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99890184,0.00018987083,0.000877107,0.00001060045,0.00001148261,7.205902e-7,4.3699426e-8,0.0000033386414,0.0000049900464],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992851,0.000009591196,0.00029316367,0.00009447691,0.00018210454,0.00013557589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930465,0.00006153703,0.00018228359,0.00014377639,0.00027014778,0.000037595495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005483307,0.000062888466,0.00018555165,0.00038351977,0.00016399348,0.00003887752,0.00014050226,0.00006346084,0.0000025601194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006478864,0.000051015937,0.000012787588,0.0002484862,0.0006820596,0.0006204194,0.00008325801,0.00009957415,9.1204276e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058490445,0.00006299161,0.6490722,0.00007591078,0.00004623102,0.000027847738,0.0020439085,0.1514556,0.09844968,0.006383774,0.00002994555,0.09229345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066105434,0.00010151084,0.18291429,0.00005421713,0.000020583177,0.000024253579,0.0005118738,0.8039668,0.009862856,0.0017116133,0.0000956019,0.000075337186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001924667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009729554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65251124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023762066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022283559,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2513077},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2777488937","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.12.011","title":"Boundary conditions for lattice Boltzmann method with multispeed lattices","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Boundary value problem; Mathematics; Boundary (topology); Boundary layer; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Geometry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.03176998015542324,"score_gpt":0.31889392059560595,"score_spread":0.2871239404401827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2777488937","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10149697,0.000636446,0.8871721,0.0007115795,0.0016766295,0.0008358899,0.00012477356,0.0009868783,0.0063587236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74649495,0.000024049194,0.2518701,0.0002851158,0.0004472852,0.00009703165,0.00005114267,0.000097490854,0.0006328284],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880487,0.000026899419,0.00026968282,0.00031881875,0.00019880218,0.00038091902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839413,0.0005108946,0.0000833148,0.000710986,0.00018521024,0.000115448114],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021402026,0.0002765923,0.0003588093,0.0000964969,0.00100634,0.00043139938,0.00045065186,0.00008513293,0.000018768336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059263322,0.0002546802,0.00010012016,0.000066859044,0.00019228217,0.00060809834,0.00011931647,0.00014161447,0.00005887918],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005818478,0.0006305,0.034690466,0.0030875783,0.008518222,0.00024550673,0.013660425,0.46577406,0.02339754,0.053951822,0.26245767,0.13300438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030497138,0.00016109968,0.08607791,0.000156981,0.000283054,0.00002235027,0.00013519282,0.80942935,0.0012728389,0.001175131,0.09748726,0.00074908906],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015321195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022790558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.644998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060166705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002593986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2780221336","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.12.016","title":"Flow split characterization of two immiscible phases with different wettability scenarios: A numerical investigation using a coupled Cahn–Hilliard and Navier–Stokes system","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Mechanics; Relative permeability; Pressure gradient; Volumetric flow rate; Work (physics); Multiphase flow; Saturation (graph theory); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Porous medium; Asymmetry; Scalar (mathematics); Porosity; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02653403059029448,"score_gpt":0.2884202721783728,"score_spread":0.26188624158807833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2780221336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9057111,0.00009939902,0.093129046,0.00011592939,0.0006432319,0.00017300874,0.00007963729,0.00003282363,0.000015787791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894553,0.000031394928,0.010136586,0.000013679649,0.00030236004,0.00000496836,0.000021218084,0.000025931353,0.000008576706],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983253,0.000046481648,0.0006938777,0.00016489718,0.0006067295,0.00016273565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980625,0.00011678592,0.0006573605,0.00021405521,0.0008282893,0.00012103695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028703111,0.00021649069,0.00043319122,0.0002190291,0.00016976471,0.00016714282,0.0002713448,0.000054274995,0.000015884636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017351951,0.00016995812,0.00008954553,0.000064393695,0.00015463233,0.00074751576,0.000066268665,0.00016959499,9.0022655e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000845425,0.00028782582,0.14569513,0.0003629768,0.0013331473,0.00011270685,0.002859037,0.62573475,0.21470529,0.000079809346,0.000011628073,0.0079722535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003385764,0.00007270052,0.035439387,0.00066775916,0.00011535638,0.000115722454,0.00012601176,0.9509857,0.008860587,0.000017641802,0.000042758486,0.00017057253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042795407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013679963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32525098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024353883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005102419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6930691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784195351","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23134","title":"Multicomponent lattice Boltzmann model for simulation of phase change with heat transfer","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer; Phase change; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Component (thermodynamics); Thermal; Materials science; Phase (matter); Phase transition; Statistical physics; Physics","score_opus":0.041077716818079486,"score_gpt":0.25792392688188,"score_spread":0.2168462100638005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2784195351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81732535,0.0002546737,0.181875,0.00015141747,0.0001215259,0.00019835783,0.000022850765,0.000024024686,0.000026777774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99771327,0.0000014594515,0.0018934209,0.000036378136,0.00030297716,0.000007815751,0.000002053005,0.000039160204,0.0000034687664],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992218,0.000004452964,0.00031572033,0.00006530638,0.0001501555,0.00024258094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992539,0.00015076781,0.00002015198,0.00012043352,0.00026152664,0.0001931816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015656359,0.00013933328,0.00023501582,0.0001177947,0.00004993527,0.000017377346,0.0001465404,0.000055749224,0.0000063899197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049646827,0.00010274913,0.00007273621,0.00011640872,0.00007170043,0.00015707266,0.000004250829,0.00014531787,8.8163586e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041253767,0.000007814703,0.00001233885,0.00006688402,0.00009648212,0.000001618084,0.0018622436,0.9684546,0.029092086,0.0001057517,0.00001815151,0.00024080582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011143838,0.00006136233,0.00002622843,0.00008886219,0.00008395496,0.000008390357,0.000012771032,0.9628534,0.035271358,0.000025573845,0.00033520165,0.000118556214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006764769,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001390055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1803879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000119181495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053089476,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41899878},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2787916207","doi":"10.1063/1.5008509","title":"Mesoscopic study of miscible nanoflow instabilities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Nanofluid; Instability; Nanoparticle; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Porous medium; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Deposition (geology); Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Porosity; Materials science; Condensed matter physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02575045631234821,"score_gpt":0.26728816851243403,"score_spread":0.24153771220008582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2787916207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926657,0.00015593768,0.0005523433,0.000004967482,0.00019693715,0.00014946592,0.0000066380553,0.00007554753,0.006192482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99938387,0.000006525232,0.00039873537,0.000003595646,0.00011683836,0.00000783777,8.614781e-7,0.000017772576,0.000063950596],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934965,0.000014085453,0.00023929926,0.00009580341,0.0001867025,0.0001144508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994268,0.000068388406,0.00002787992,0.00027932468,0.00017871978,0.000018908775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006736302,0.00009878654,0.00023258007,0.00003806336,0.000034240886,0.0000050895997,0.00011169725,0.00002016094,0.000024725246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017755323,0.000094434785,0.000035509573,0.00019635432,0.00010732915,0.00012620178,0.00005078795,0.00003679156,0.000014638393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012452637,0.0035304304,0.22922951,0.0027327891,0.0026406678,0.0000027433346,0.23846667,0.113609776,0.36620945,0.017391426,0.005519495,0.02054254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005361974,0.0027977282,0.10180385,0.00024819313,0.00035976627,5.848778e-7,0.02011985,0.075975604,0.7772555,0.011468869,0.003508046,0.001100043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029238137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011617388,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41104606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016091457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001018119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3850939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788777833","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2017.12.028","title":"Three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann simulations of high density ratio two-phase flows in porous media","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porosity; Reynolds number; Porous medium; Mechanics; Materials science; Penetration (warfare); Contact angle; Multiphase flow; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Physics; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.019164871798626117,"score_gpt":0.2684255605895047,"score_spread":0.24926068879087857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2788777833","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4156738,0.00004139872,0.58317876,0.000059508093,0.000073149036,0.0005680666,0.00003418362,0.00017826371,0.00019284796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.79026866,0.0000018849016,0.2093917,0.000035088393,0.00012861218,0.00007896413,0.000051010993,0.000038256254,0.0000058036294],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998552,0.0000152508865,0.00059740676,0.00026536817,0.00031826078,0.00025169062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980741,0.0007247242,0.00015078856,0.0006017849,0.00035805142,0.00009056178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015073804,0.0002430497,0.00039828144,0.00020416825,0.0001496223,0.000030247027,0.00023081602,0.00006702923,0.000030201116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031908814,0.00022798682,0.000040736406,0.00060836336,0.0001786988,0.00016242765,0.00008663851,0.00014268204,0.00007389434],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003792259,0.00097249536,0.00090417196,0.00030217099,0.0003073249,0.000007312162,0.004214252,0.92812616,0.0013888897,0.05715386,0.0008314408,0.0057539972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017001997,0.000046351444,0.002365326,0.000082815,0.00008590354,0.000010267355,0.000054581382,0.9791983,0.0007250318,0.015257367,0.00019899523,0.00027488443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033480024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010047973,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37459487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072828356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004246084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9297033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789214168","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2017-0606","title":"Effect of intermediate fluid layer on Kelvin–Helmholtz instability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Instability; Physics; Mechanics; Growth rate; Compressibility; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Geometry","score_opus":0.014178090359251671,"score_gpt":0.24757348245099928,"score_spread":0.23339539209174762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789214168","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953509,0.00011132356,0.0003871865,0.00002186625,0.000832108,0.00006651251,0.000016545267,0.000011578945,0.003201979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993246,0.000004649334,0.000032112122,0.000041355986,0.0005587504,7.53345e-7,7.584396e-7,0.000020553474,0.000016417825],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927664,0.00004566716,0.0002843228,0.00006458417,0.00013832214,0.00019044598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913806,0.0001631051,0.00008839309,0.0001701345,0.00022304138,0.00021725775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026813048,0.00012122538,0.00026606015,0.000094015406,0.000047624544,0.00001511834,0.00014662309,0.00004081325,0.000048020866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014089663,0.000102585946,0.00009866848,0.00015105747,0.00015374077,0.00014365824,0.000008549839,0.00016532594,0.00004030429],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007531094,0.00018704988,0.274874,0.0023274643,0.0030296084,0.00031022736,0.029661506,0.14797884,0.050229155,0.007217873,0.05604706,0.4273841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0060145725,0.0070964578,0.22933523,0.0011856663,0.0005207069,0.000036698184,0.00042744045,0.020409673,0.6853098,0.004071986,0.04418589,0.0014058276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010641614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009014437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6350807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015380527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011452525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41833335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789783356","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2017-0914","title":"Steady three-dimensional flows past hollow fiber membrane arrays – cross flow arrangement","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Hollow fiber membrane; Physics; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Membrane; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Fiber; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.021225792542559907,"score_gpt":0.23688412875579942,"score_spread":0.21565833621323952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789783356","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861214,0.0004744169,0.0056036212,0.00026927682,0.002713602,0.0001855525,0.00010200615,0.000053519834,0.00447659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942281,0.0000023578186,0.0027090479,0.00012992235,0.0026434525,0.0000023338525,0.000006074093,0.000051507413,0.00022719512],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877805,0.000017043385,0.00037572594,0.0001226932,0.00030910096,0.00039738748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872553,0.00005149836,0.000101415935,0.00021592487,0.00047877643,0.0004268616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017460578,0.00020570116,0.0002927832,0.00010453186,0.0002200979,0.0000913635,0.0002023474,0.00006175621,0.00045453332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021941292,0.0001941075,0.00013708658,0.00020706287,0.0001290291,0.0003118165,0.0000143095385,0.00023138548,0.000290247],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002202264,0.000021635688,0.003360025,0.00005773514,0.00052916055,0.00010077801,0.0013908856,0.9615055,0.0018799781,0.00015730933,0.019428095,0.011546876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00970006,0.0006812102,0.09190194,0.00089988107,0.0007209704,0.00022027847,0.00039403536,0.4869821,0.014761964,0.0062701376,0.38459358,0.0028738321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015159378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008702084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4745234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020421893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002072093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7915474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790612397","doi":"10.1063/1.5009466","title":"Dynamic control of droplets and pockets formation in homogeneous porous media immiscible displacements","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Amplitude; Surface tension; Mechanics; Viscosity; Porous medium; Physics; Capillary number; Flow (mathematics); Capillary action; Homogeneous; Phase (matter); Displacement (psychology); Two-phase flow; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Optics; Composite material","score_opus":0.00911565949165739,"score_gpt":0.23827956250543178,"score_spread":0.2291639030137744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790612397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815345,0.00036409765,0.017348098,0.000015392836,0.00009385915,0.00013245983,0.000031769487,0.00002655554,0.00045328925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995646,0.00005181386,0.00031439803,0.000008420739,0.00002590474,0.000006032573,0.000009394613,0.0000137579855,0.0000056986755],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994018,0.000010546882,0.00024625863,0.00007627582,0.00014358097,0.00012152985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996624,0.000065739354,0.000044308472,0.00012395592,0.00008223394,0.000021347565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006632066,0.00009127311,0.00019844375,0.000053695287,0.000020263358,0.000005010196,0.000056018605,0.000027633072,0.0000047079543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017773169,0.0000917504,0.00002061958,0.00011733017,0.000066604436,0.00017799885,0.000026141,0.00003444773,0.000005280124],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021334528,0.00033290088,0.02055086,0.0011943874,0.00048274963,0.000008600311,0.02305533,0.05256301,0.8498512,0.0027192014,0.00041429992,0.048614122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032160312,0.0001535474,0.040732063,0.00011929569,0.00007889566,0.0000038258113,0.0002833065,0.88216084,0.06941673,0.003448238,0.000084474625,0.00030275772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014299601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037379425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82959783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029197163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004652566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37414727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791800633","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.03.037","title":"Development and validation of a stabilized immersed boundary CFD model for freezing and melting with natural convection","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Office of Energy Research and Development; Natural Resources Canada; National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Natural convection; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Work (physics); Convection; Materials science; Classification of discontinuities; Viscosity; Flow (mathematics); Boundary value problem; Phase (matter); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02121059926909179,"score_gpt":0.24322776270721103,"score_spread":0.22201716343811922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791800633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6550308,0.00017237311,0.34443542,0.000009922054,0.00011616208,0.00014671676,0.0000011628373,0.000060789196,0.000026686685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89733636,0.0000037859572,0.10256713,0.00001659887,0.000036867827,0.00000992738,0.000006308821,0.00001501271,0.000007995607],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947405,0.000007551273,0.00018067387,0.00013705506,0.000085100044,0.00011556027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996792,0.00007997081,0.000031710948,0.000066446904,0.00011700351,0.000025667996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012180798,0.00010365566,0.00015232945,0.00006191132,0.00012987645,0.000033472756,0.000029227758,0.000027295559,5.805412e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010574087,0.00009467554,0.000012459075,0.00006571599,0.00008098213,0.00016144749,0.000034517692,0.00003795053,2.6628072e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008908692,0.000087789056,0.012640195,0.0025262074,0.0016721966,0.0000025950008,0.13543904,0.23433872,0.4396618,0.0017210995,0.0010807754,0.16993871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010004281,0.000039012837,0.0011077103,0.000055321096,0.000022301645,0.0000020130635,0.0001791797,0.9706149,0.02660802,0.000037968526,0.00021222675,0.00012093401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020698105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004368334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73627615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040092113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018304721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38607565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793013760","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2018.00161","title":"Transport and Mixing Induced by Beating Cilia in Human Airways","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Physiology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada; Aix-Marseille Université","keywords":"Cilium; Mucus; Mechanics; Mixing (physics); Motile cilium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Vortex; Vortex shedding; Boundary layer; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Reynolds number; Biology; Turbulence","score_opus":0.012565960725413454,"score_gpt":0.2396838216524979,"score_spread":0.22711786092708444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793013760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965669,0.0003183735,0.00094007864,0.000016995547,0.0003973584,0.00010227764,0.0000030691754,0.00007563834,0.0015793127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986075,0.000018526483,0.0011823203,0.000040752515,0.0000789235,0.0000136883555,0.0000101003,0.00001941486,0.000028772898],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999261,0.000024029712,0.0002283178,0.00019259489,0.000048939604,0.0002450908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998039,0.00002392386,0.000022878261,0.00010852407,0.000015739372,0.00002501562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008881465,0.00012258161,0.0002591234,0.000121026336,0.00005509835,0.0000037198542,0.00007280129,0.00009584886,0.000010034872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012263935,0.00013241876,0.000016640672,0.00015398026,0.00009350748,0.00009732898,0.000020281312,0.000152762,0.0000026285147],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004260866,0.000053195843,0.32201824,0.00015097852,0.00009835574,0.0000058069395,0.009805648,0.005174676,0.6471151,0.00018272555,0.008142934,0.007209716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020434295,0.00015318388,0.9407111,0.000094739684,0.000018320956,8.7553894e-7,0.0015118754,0.037391372,0.010206998,0.0043840213,0.0028851503,0.0005989326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003875199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000064535125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6369081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053441196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039620854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53998804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793426418","doi":"10.1063/1.5020174","title":"Multicanonical Monte Carlo evaluation of drag probability distribution functions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Monte Carlo method; Statistical physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Probability distribution; Drag; Hybrid Monte Carlo; Monte Carlo molecular modeling; Dynamic Monte Carlo method; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Mechanics; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.049846014352946506,"score_gpt":0.2991385434665812,"score_spread":0.2492925291136347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793426418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9678483,0.000090993315,0.02997369,0.0000220628,0.00019836143,0.0002495277,0.000090678965,0.00007458687,0.0014518191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993384,0.000002748482,0.00045299946,0.0000017952866,0.00014133147,0.000021880074,0.000020439134,0.00001009336,0.000010311278],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911606,0.000038323527,0.0002682875,0.00011336647,0.0003552714,0.00010867219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99870116,0.00008338303,0.00003998195,0.00025901763,0.0008903593,0.000026127675],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003157974,0.00008729613,0.0001684606,0.00001414792,0.00004364425,0.000004528804,0.00006170573,0.000037522823,0.0000191244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016290638,0.000086250315,0.00006647706,0.00014831383,0.00017231984,0.00013886846,0.000030365156,0.000054022967,0.000014130079],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001058231,0.0007883933,0.028217321,0.0005459414,0.00081393117,1.6543227e-7,0.0046280464,0.78621095,0.09586044,0.013628782,0.003223795,0.065976396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006664657,0.00008317301,0.06859474,0.000028505745,0.00023091766,1.4957688e-7,0.000056448185,0.9037362,0.02268803,0.0033063886,0.00046795618,0.00014106999],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029475432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014608453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11752518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010116696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003757768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35171857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793735286","doi":"10.2514/1.j056921","title":"Synthetic Jet Performance for Different Axisymmetric Cavities Analyzed with Three-Dimensional Lattice-Boltzmann Method","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIAA Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; University of Toronto; Government of Ontario; Compute Canada","keywords":"Beijing; China; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Geography; Archaeology","score_opus":0.024041448368700046,"score_gpt":0.27030428281457075,"score_spread":0.24626283444587072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793735286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8868358,0.0006609751,0.11040173,0.00018315585,0.00056731066,0.00025519286,0.000016366399,0.00015955449,0.00091989164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97648495,0.000043262968,0.022410108,0.0000843759,0.00066209957,0.00002560807,0.0000034882537,0.00006634639,0.00021977509],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835885,0.000044263255,0.00042675037,0.00022510056,0.0004520899,0.0004929653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985876,0.0005173544,0.00012969092,0.00021223951,0.0003994114,0.00015366734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045067453,0.00031610025,0.00043205745,0.0003685965,0.00048592922,0.00011370389,0.00020238683,0.00007869253,0.00013803474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007580019,0.00021596419,0.00012990877,0.00035941787,0.00011583392,0.00038948495,0.00004814514,0.00029670598,0.000049731418],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003283697,0.0009582735,0.2553062,0.0019517429,0.012650578,0.00021848637,0.010020723,0.4646739,0.007632624,0.0057098535,0.0241288,0.2134651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004401894,0.0012023144,0.15416299,0.00039111223,0.0007858819,0.0008528209,0.0002598389,0.8209655,0.0057753776,0.002090209,0.007948734,0.001163301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004605893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000283147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3562916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012670016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030279838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88067645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794641035","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23214","title":"Mixing in an agitated tubular reactor","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Leeds","keywords":"Mechanics; Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mixing (physics); Scalar (mathematics); Boundary value problem; Fluid dynamics; Physics; Computational fluid dynamics; Large eddy simulation; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Turbulence; Geometry","score_opus":0.014329512701432932,"score_gpt":0.21491408559892874,"score_spread":0.20058457289749582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794641035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986616,0.000305541,0.00025519056,0.00013572139,0.00029765992,0.000038849288,0.0000018186378,0.000033004224,0.00027065095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910146,0.0000011482954,0.00046822376,0.00003767835,0.00035674946,8.705608e-7,7.635287e-7,0.00002924173,0.000003858639],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992649,0.000008204001,0.00028422064,0.00005674434,0.00011563694,0.00027032712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939865,0.00006694524,0.00003117798,0.00012876815,0.00012393735,0.0002505039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002175124,0.000109414395,0.0001632396,0.00016881787,0.000028586282,0.00004746108,0.0002170309,0.00005749564,0.000026069274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001671207,0.00008951866,0.00003762141,0.0002283967,0.00005329767,0.00019861019,0.0000076241463,0.00029515006,0.000008529139],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021670472,0.000013773014,0.003966127,0.00008307857,0.00022472063,0.00024293005,0.0077751055,0.36821795,0.61541617,0.0006780991,0.0012017959,0.002158589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016802871,0.00013511504,0.009790349,0.000527063,0.000091961745,0.00030564968,0.00022459957,0.6215757,0.350104,0.0006398478,0.013928696,0.0009966829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020029933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006977419,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26531214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022552238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006831765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3650465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795139948","doi":"10.1103/physrevfluids.3.034003","title":"Buoyant miscible displacement flows in a nonuniform Hele-Shaw cell","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Hele-Shaw flow; Buoyancy; Viscous fingering; Mechanics; Displacement (psychology); Neutral buoyancy; Instability; Materials science; Geology; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Porous medium; Open-channel flow; Geotechnical engineering; Porosity","score_opus":0.016013564457423603,"score_gpt":0.2912698305740893,"score_spread":0.2752562661166657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795139948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8753131,0.0462748,0.002052281,0.0005332035,0.00048580515,0.0013453063,0.000025483569,0.0004315015,0.073538505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913804,0.0070421384,0.0005313176,0.0003234496,0.00034517513,0.000089587214,0.000008113548,0.000036857156,0.00024293909],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988556,0.000018536834,0.00032477285,0.0002178442,0.00025214892,0.00033111157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941903,0.00008108837,0.000023137422,0.00032860594,0.00006245728,0.00008568124],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001673189,0.00021220332,0.00042627516,0.00004347965,0.000050074694,0.000016915776,0.00015898627,0.000023335713,0.00013655201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003776876,0.0001729435,0.00010576793,0.0003824282,0.000042536136,0.0001357938,0.00008439069,0.00013046767,0.0013120534],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025080677,0.005879024,0.009334633,0.08335679,0.0012683377,0.00015832443,0.01880899,0.04243386,0.32110086,0.042989254,0.30319107,0.17122805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015145163,0.00026938994,0.0023455892,0.0038544855,0.00019988962,0.0000022487752,0.00006686301,0.50174433,0.012197826,0.0012403828,0.47550687,0.001057619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011576365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002939824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45931047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009737441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012674604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796469581","doi":"10.1155/2018/9358132","title":"Unsteady Simulation of a Synthetic Jet Actuator with Cylindrical Cavity Using a 3-D Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Aerospace Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; University of Toronto; Compute Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Government of Ontario","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Synthetic jet; Mechanics; Mass flux; Vortex; Actuator; Inflow; Physics; Jet (fluid); Conservation of mass; Flow control (data); Momentum (technical analysis); Inlet; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.021061496919026725,"score_gpt":0.30501723990641194,"score_spread":0.28395574298738524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796469581","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.522145,0.000078340985,0.47688454,0.00006385745,0.00060998066,0.00006422166,0.000006596281,0.00004963917,0.00009786213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9166201,0.000009881466,0.08279826,0.000013947204,0.0004955781,0.0000012070584,8.464123e-7,0.000048519814,0.00001171286],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837124,0.000029335442,0.00056674646,0.00013546775,0.0006838995,0.00021333611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979846,0.00047090751,0.00028052178,0.00015714894,0.001007689,0.00009911909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038555672,0.00022674576,0.0003854316,0.00031290046,0.000035752793,0.000048781632,0.00028195634,0.000083976905,0.000026336165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028628754,0.00019398124,0.000114371855,0.00024907218,0.000055807344,0.00045041324,0.00005367557,0.0002571405,0.000005645624],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082111364,0.000031709595,0.0013373311,0.00003331445,0.0004913271,0.000022295953,0.0008577412,0.98583835,0.010636904,0.0001232588,0.00001379131,0.0005318399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008135271,0.00012854487,0.0037933497,0.00029457506,0.00012397493,0.00013524479,0.00011873903,0.9818195,0.011856162,0.000025979689,0.00067099207,0.000219382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008874421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005793913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39447507,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002348094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045022636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7910325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796590873","doi":"10.1016/j.molliq.2018.04.075","title":"Sedimentation of elliptical particles using Immersed Boundary – Lattice Boltzmann Method: A complementary repulsive force model","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Molecular Liquids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Ellipse; Sedimentation; Settling; Perpendicular; Mechanics; Physics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Particle (ecology); Immersed boundary method; Classical mechanics; Boundary (topology); Range (aeronautics); Geometry; Materials science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.03578137433964637,"score_gpt":0.33636096326769865,"score_spread":0.30057958892805225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796590873","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.570948,0.00034852096,0.4279735,0.00010081453,0.0001566416,0.00009110371,0.000006516702,0.00001757777,0.0003573282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8290984,0.000017616867,0.17047253,0.00021245414,0.00014257403,0.000001378197,0.0000026521402,0.000035458997,0.000016946315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998199,0.000105109335,0.00082947896,0.00012976123,0.0004850489,0.00025159196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879974,0.00011963312,0.00027706174,0.00019325103,0.00050414435,0.00010614586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005965606,0.00017577803,0.00037441603,0.00017177519,0.0000877099,0.00002856637,0.00015243878,0.00006402508,0.000034839817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007082711,0.00017001307,0.00016831634,0.00020768952,0.00013435628,0.00032225653,0.00006266904,0.00016751146,0.000004121374],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018559436,0.000054873028,0.00017966554,0.0000730254,0.00053783454,0.00003348156,0.0018631503,0.33926514,0.65600854,0.0005713561,0.00031870505,0.00090864603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010269181,0.0002908389,0.0001709261,0.000081514816,0.0002862171,0.000047881847,0.0008062695,0.72377944,0.27159926,0.0014261836,0.00031290122,0.00017162078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005094446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018385504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3845143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012168289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69329315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796773090","doi":"10.3390/mca23020026","title":"A New Analytical Procedure to Solve Two Phase Flow in Tubes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical and Computational Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fanshawe College; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Curvature; Azimuth; Mathematical analysis; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Physics; Function (biology); Cylindrical coordinate system; Tube (container); Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Materials science","score_opus":0.019786700831736063,"score_gpt":0.31425960731828084,"score_spread":0.2944729064865448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796773090","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05052383,0.000035520654,0.9439086,0.0008607064,0.000011385864,0.00039891127,0.000011044785,0.0001398695,0.004110188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8192473,0.0000010448616,0.18007395,0.0002017482,0.0001734596,0.00018335906,0.000012206987,0.000015768694,0.00009115335],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928015,0.0000037427512,0.00024745773,0.00017143054,0.00015108222,0.00014612636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995091,0.00017891932,0.000008325997,0.00009319489,0.00007320597,0.00013726631],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006177772,0.00010901542,0.000153684,0.00008795821,0.00007276508,0.000039660743,0.000071215174,0.000027836544,0.00011576548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025978765,0.00009882217,0.000022433269,0.00033692567,0.000051747422,0.00006079486,0.00003996005,0.000063689164,0.00041204694],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020004736,0.00030129502,0.00025637518,0.00014849992,0.00007745507,0.0000015137234,0.0021531335,0.12586428,0.00013305033,0.8321248,0.0047046905,0.034214884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050096825,0.0000245157,0.0009842395,0.000018686636,0.000013072325,0.000005782104,0.000045681132,0.7934964,0.000025622734,0.20304792,0.0017251299,0.00011201993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014681584,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008066225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7687235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024721297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021317132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5296167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2797427974","doi":"10.1002/fld.4665","title":"An immersed boundary method for solving compressible flow with arbitrarily irregular and moving geometry","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Defence Research and Development Canada; Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Mathematics; Geometry; Discretization; Boundary value problem; Complex geometry; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.030660162561165726,"score_gpt":0.40210938218666126,"score_spread":0.37144921962549554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2797427974","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009993838,0.00067736325,0.9865669,0.00018526756,0.0018822041,0.0002537476,0.000027580567,0.0000857194,0.00032740063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.051913776,0.000032773965,0.9467697,0.00024723692,0.0008664018,0.00004658206,0.000008456218,0.00006573757,0.000049331626],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983864,0.00012082052,0.0005212499,0.0002845889,0.0003288749,0.00035808914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99780834,0.0013024056,0.000093980976,0.00015032043,0.0004950656,0.000149908],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014837848,0.00023378886,0.0003831274,0.00037063993,0.00024502538,0.00028169047,0.0003359897,0.00009882414,0.000052871634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004011073,0.00020237402,0.000103096834,0.00022033666,0.00011974815,0.00057057745,0.0000580959,0.000289512,0.0000012235344],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011794668,0.00017063331,0.0031758593,0.0001303012,0.0013497736,0.000028919194,0.0021187954,0.0856606,0.07862528,0.002483648,0.00088959147,0.82418716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017769017,0.0003101955,0.0027063226,0.00009831134,0.000054181346,0.00011955583,0.00026181218,0.9632797,0.0054030437,0.007406058,0.018279312,0.00030456722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009653918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034433979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87761915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016698154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042677733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82525736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800025355","doi":"10.1139/tcsme-2000-0011","title":"MODELING OF CONCENTRATED SUSPENSION FLOW","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Newtonian fluid; Materials science; Rheology; Non-Newtonian fluid; Physics; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01454103509820261,"score_gpt":0.20536598024538408,"score_spread":0.19082494514718146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800025355","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17864534,0.00038681523,0.81862056,0.0002482216,0.0006103286,0.0006937815,0.00025640818,0.00024881787,0.00028972165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99118257,0.000039144146,0.008641631,0.00001980957,0.000018707866,0.00001235013,0.000003410616,0.000029956047,0.000052417923],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930966,0.0000036501654,0.00025612582,0.000089770496,0.000114085524,0.00022670488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959165,0.00004976997,0.0000120897175,0.0001777404,0.00007017069,0.00009860611],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000093328206,0.00011078168,0.00018431449,0.000025556636,0.00010651761,0.0000064731253,0.00013500734,0.00010325794,0.00010191655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000097216225,0.00010282622,0.00034852145,0.00022121731,0.000020937836,0.00007062544,0.0000018358475,0.00013383538,0.0000012200022],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002473977,0.0000035949472,4.0823082e-7,0.0000673251,0.00011099877,4.580395e-8,0.00019146448,0.9951479,0.0032407343,0.00026797262,0.000034716082,0.0009323534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027249602,0.00000954825,0.0000053392682,0.000043959557,0.00006726287,9.639043e-7,0.000054671844,0.99097097,0.007867478,0.000065305154,0.0005427622,0.00009925236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015550243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041045537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81253725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001545771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053282834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41931316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803094914","doi":"10.1115/1.4040257","title":"Simulating Heat Transfer Through Periodic Structures With Different Wall Temperatures: A Temperature Decomposition Method","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Heat transfer; Transient (computer programming); Inlet; Mechanics; Field (mathematics); Thermal; Flow (mathematics); Computer simulation; Decomposition; Computer science; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014497922700043301,"score_gpt":0.2851429977073609,"score_spread":0.2706450750073176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803094914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.913413,0.0013222062,0.083799966,0.00040021338,0.00041013118,0.0002708149,0.000018670482,0.00011482002,0.00025018948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943423,0.00012971889,0.0043278253,0.00040189124,0.00068146456,0.0000059619233,0.0000068374407,0.000091638394,0.00001231667],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783385,0.00013504215,0.0007525713,0.00025264782,0.00060170435,0.0004241933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900025,0.00020705446,0.000007844791,0.00022918668,0.00040639914,0.0001492381],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019563829,0.00047707162,0.0007324311,0.00017641723,0.0003321742,0.00017346907,0.00019882664,0.0001965853,0.00016696012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010303481,0.00030931403,0.0002621178,0.00026530522,0.000112744165,0.00058357406,0.000008027016,0.00073432265,0.0000034967095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011682068,0.0001589257,0.0023983056,0.00047088598,0.0015833646,0.00013720244,0.025998596,0.39280584,0.57361513,0.00064720336,0.0005516899,0.00046460738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.021382587,0.0059105465,0.057100672,0.002780541,0.0025356938,0.0030459051,0.0040921173,0.06916754,0.8184097,0.0014834634,0.010534475,0.0035567717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010311493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005824073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32363832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013897155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042419833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999359},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804590285","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2018-0126","title":"Simulation of droplet impacting a square solid obstacle in microchannel with different wettability by using high density ratio pseudopotential multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Breakup; Obstacle; Microchannel; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Physics; Wetting; Weber number; Coalescence (physics); Drop (telecommunication); Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.017160996826387876,"score_gpt":0.26024415707300375,"score_spread":0.24308316024661586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804590285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77686226,0.000060444298,0.22262864,0.000029872419,0.00017603765,0.0001657504,0.00005375905,0.000014326687,0.00000893585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99604326,0.0000010397657,0.0035504226,0.000021278975,0.00031799503,0.000001198694,0.000012985231,0.00004544756,0.0000063944353],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984162,0.00010797482,0.00066003343,0.00017727744,0.00027137977,0.0003671738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788755,0.00045385634,0.000444161,0.00020636737,0.00075956807,0.00024849433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031105394,0.0002476023,0.00050874543,0.00017293113,0.00018667051,0.000057132926,0.0001386937,0.0000944716,0.000023146118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026135362,0.00023301733,0.00009999013,0.0003459677,0.00012126151,0.00050535606,0.000017676342,0.00027988228,0.0000030121032],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050386025,0.000035727026,0.015463558,0.000068036716,0.00015443198,0.000007748298,0.0031770766,0.94782394,0.032198526,0.0000145191825,0.00004473234,0.0009613327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001301152,0.000124211,0.021606766,0.00017240593,0.00014451769,0.000010869109,0.000468595,0.93544996,0.040105443,0.00030608787,0.000016784537,0.00029319184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028194117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008446134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.219181,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005359769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023384285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9502171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W28366702","doi":"10.1016/j.urology.2017.03.032","title":"The lattice Boltzmann method with applications in acoustics","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Urology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Diffraction; Acoustics; Mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.010405545819419187,"score_gpt":0.28840132306805044,"score_spread":0.2779957772486312,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W28366702","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10149821,0.03338472,0.48407748,0.001918134,0.0032353618,0.006559646,0.00011159425,0.0030483387,0.3661665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97579736,0.0012717751,0.011134358,0.00042312677,0.00050027046,0.00083273614,0.0007493293,0.00025242657,0.009038633],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899715,0.000049505445,0.00029347505,0.00022371736,0.00014095429,0.00029518592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987401,0.00071478594,0.00007787692,0.00033674852,0.00009798349,0.000032539683],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016319327,0.00024186083,0.00028688225,0.00012424766,0.00014289166,0.000027874337,0.00021913214,0.0002655264,0.0000069418406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042180098,0.00017506408,0.0000362805,0.00026121867,0.0000322017,0.000040005903,0.000010789366,0.00046968335,0.000043730342],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017255181,0.0000723112,0.00076843164,0.0002192077,0.00042932693,0.000023018092,0.0027442807,0.9365088,0.00023050277,0.016764823,0.002867227,0.039199524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021172639,0.00040317,0.19193383,0.00006478408,0.0013789841,0.000033038534,0.004507977,0.20285232,0.0002625359,0.01982634,0.5746178,0.002001953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007893467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000959446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87429917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045901623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003081465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7138906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883042497","doi":"10.1002/fld.4673","title":"Multiphase periodic pressure difference boundary condition enhanced by a proportional‐integral‐derivative controller for the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Boundary value problem; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Boundary (topology); Multiphase flow; Pressure drop; Conservation of mass; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.03278164133306577,"score_gpt":0.41871956306284913,"score_spread":0.38593792172978336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883042497","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0022379248,0.001029931,0.99105054,0.0012480514,0.0028778405,0.00096310914,0.000261749,0.00009645188,0.00023441359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.29802996,0.00010574362,0.6982034,0.000737948,0.0011818501,0.00070559175,0.000046747256,0.00007164574,0.0009171377],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975865,0.0003032704,0.00085767655,0.0003362271,0.0005165406,0.00039978826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9940317,0.0041767242,0.00022592531,0.00016177085,0.001291235,0.00011260278],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015611472,0.00031970398,0.00047130373,0.00017159614,0.0004309714,0.0002534865,0.0005566086,0.00013685647,0.00020188217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025943795,0.00022804675,0.00027302478,0.00020242676,0.0002747242,0.00033862572,0.00006757311,0.00045124613,0.000007857112],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0039215134,0.0006420593,0.00048305723,0.0001526811,0.0056251455,0.00000900376,0.007108722,0.029359829,0.33369836,0.009169345,0.02783501,0.5819953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048577785,0.00037011196,0.0021128054,0.000095244104,0.00021354489,0.000042057185,0.0005086479,0.7423881,0.031001624,0.01863987,0.19930458,0.0004656258],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001087764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028198613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71302825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002283498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000645765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9299477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885327485","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23304","title":"Simple immersed boundary matrix‐cut‐method for cartesian grids using FV and FD discretizations","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Federalno Ministarstvo Obrazovanja i Nauke","keywords":"Solver; Regular grid; Finite volume method; Cartesian coordinate system; Discretization; Finite element method; Mathematics; Grid; Matrix (chemical analysis); Applied mathematics; Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Mathematical optimization; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.014856538193164586,"score_gpt":0.26824676416768145,"score_spread":0.2533902259745169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2885327485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6083759,0.0009862356,0.3891002,0.0005943496,0.00050635677,0.00020881827,0.000053316006,0.000055708046,0.00011908864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.983787,0.0000028493014,0.015520729,0.000054481043,0.00057521084,0.000002358226,0.000004604882,0.000043357213,0.000009384221],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992399,0.000008573233,0.0002837657,0.00007468217,0.0001008198,0.00029223436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999258,0.00016812583,0.000047982685,0.00010856681,0.00014928298,0.0002680882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022617549,0.0001365708,0.00019951657,0.00015635707,0.0001781186,0.000086481894,0.0001350611,0.00006399073,0.000014835697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114266106,0.00011451884,0.00006769106,0.00020493344,0.000090833266,0.00012310615,0.00001307185,0.00017521436,8.8896115e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020393994,0.00000522125,0.0006837428,0.00020464582,0.00046735656,0.000015568958,0.0034543034,0.90223074,0.08668618,0.0024832683,0.0025515913,0.0011969758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004072893,0.00002330953,0.00018697821,0.000057958267,0.00011350987,0.000100074125,0.00009343544,0.97121155,0.011977387,0.00055099186,0.015063641,0.00021388821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026001176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024210717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3754111,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017721309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010755986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4669943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885357312","doi":"10.3390/en11082145","title":"Flow Simulation of Artificially Induced Microfractures Using Digital Rock and Lattice Boltzmann Methods","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Science and Technology Major Project; Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Geology; Fractal dimension; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Permeability (electromagnetism); Fractal; Dimensionless quantity; Porosity; Mineralogy; Petrology; Mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.04113996062190317,"score_gpt":0.33463983667506464,"score_spread":0.29349987605316147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2885357312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9370629,0.00046990704,0.060863007,0.000011404877,0.0002754802,0.00006955085,0.0000080142645,0.00017021202,0.0010694881],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9809532,0.000008442325,0.018715244,0.00002168765,0.00021911168,0.0000016586622,0.0000033397935,0.00003163865,0.000045646262],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923956,0.000030733932,0.00028208885,0.00015384785,0.00012630984,0.00016744004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926317,0.00032248732,0.00006467216,0.00016858564,0.00014631901,0.000034750854],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001239788,0.00015850589,0.00022736941,0.0001140279,0.00009759041,0.000073615534,0.00006725984,0.00008402981,0.000014108735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015884475,0.0001511989,0.000037342408,0.00016015304,0.00005711368,0.00039698038,0.00006703072,0.00007123961,0.0000070954975],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010894314,0.000007096395,0.00041055234,0.000030879968,0.00006906307,5.069728e-7,0.001194123,0.93660545,0.05176209,0.00009075858,0.00003081551,0.0097877905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017133496,0.0000274714,0.0038871043,0.000025266016,0.00004047881,0.0000014259515,0.00025115695,0.92466736,0.06812876,0.00063755555,0.001976102,0.00018599733],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001003493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067643045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043890297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023955085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011861653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6165712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887860983","doi":"10.1115/1.4040972","title":"Starting Poiseuille Flow in a Circular Tube With Two Immiscible Fluids","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","keywords":"Mechanics; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Eigenfunction; Slip (aerodynamics); Singularity; Inviscid flow; Physics; Laminar flow; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Geometry; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score_opus":0.009549038310679433,"score_gpt":0.22626258840943766,"score_spread":0.21671355009875823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887860983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8899547,0.0016293637,0.10632126,0.00007531676,0.00056554406,0.00010857443,0.0000022088825,0.00014989835,0.001193127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97838706,0.00003853236,0.02086244,0.000030664516,0.00058178924,0.000003610895,5.556278e-7,0.00007091866,0.000024414421],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99844056,0.000014788483,0.00063464785,0.00013301328,0.00037427695,0.00040273307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992997,0.000084603525,0.00006213737,0.00019985452,0.00023078345,0.00012293925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046278568,0.00023841464,0.00039609184,0.00042702648,0.00005282364,0.000055330318,0.000184611,0.00005793338,0.00004342683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010002343,0.00020888424,0.000086340166,0.0005351011,0.00003393064,0.00046377713,0.00005191451,0.00032269943,0.000017786768],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002442118,0.00001697575,0.002305073,0.000094753836,0.000125819,0.00009132707,0.0011279221,0.91349065,0.08136511,0.00005511359,0.00037326984,0.00092956075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002336396,0.00024031139,0.0046490445,0.00045835818,0.0000645991,0.00010404802,0.00029938284,0.9694486,0.019788591,0.000090355854,0.0020586944,0.00046160226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000058469604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007322902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.088432364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020054952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003503786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8518052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888550590","doi":"10.21065/2520-596x/3.1","title":"FROM IIM TO AUGMENTED IIM: A POWERFUL TOOL FOR COMPLEX PROBLEMS USING CARTESIAN MESHES","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Calculation and Analysis","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Pointwise; Cartesian coordinate system; Discretization; Partial differential equation; Applied mathematics; Interface (matter); Mathematics; Computer science; Boundary (topology); Norm (philosophy); Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.027329646758031893,"score_gpt":0.3025275338790025,"score_spread":0.2751978871209706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888550590","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49947855,0.00008660193,0.49982306,0.00007871271,0.000047821704,0.00021847324,0.000048627026,0.00011153517,0.00010659964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9687359,0.0000060597013,0.030764438,0.0001181514,0.00010066159,0.000016918262,0.0001285659,0.000020966841,0.00010834708],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912065,0.000014452942,0.00028446948,0.00025241103,0.00013870327,0.00018929847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994562,0.00007366714,0.000049468836,0.00018084625,0.0001691926,0.000070623355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006800671,0.00015411353,0.00029817212,0.00019693298,0.00015327484,0.000049032533,0.00004796851,0.000041280968,0.000063755935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035811732,0.00015115368,0.00010428685,0.0006641041,0.000032561675,0.00018757151,0.000024747222,0.00003072967,0.000010334924],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002598606,0.000014031225,0.0072863908,0.000024470459,0.0012028889,4.268198e-7,0.0015856004,0.9412328,0.04141679,0.00013029386,0.00015809442,0.0069222455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050807156,0.00002507184,0.028078556,0.000016047263,0.0006006508,1.8484144e-7,0.00015654135,0.9630264,0.00079668144,0.00025407746,0.0063145217,0.000223207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004118544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010440539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46925732,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060543483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044525123,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61638683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891492604","doi":"10.1002/aic.16401","title":"CFD study and experimental validation of multiphase packed bed hydrodynamics in the context of Rolling Sea conditions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Context (archaeology); Porous medium; Multiphase flow; Work (physics); Turbulence; Euler's formula; Porosity; Materials science; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02382601679079428,"score_gpt":0.30986704063316967,"score_spread":0.2860410238423754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891492604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990736,0.00015044054,0.00033099856,0.000027861613,0.000087472625,0.00017528301,0.000009592815,0.000010243657,0.00013445945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99971616,0.000011272445,0.00018317075,0.000014210535,0.000056152607,0.0000040892255,0.000002924552,0.000009055977,0.000002973517],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931365,0.00006867123,0.0003183708,0.000054176933,0.00015974064,0.000085363165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955106,0.00015053994,0.00009402668,0.00008807249,0.00009465264,0.00002166679],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035738084,0.00007398264,0.00014694303,0.00008545294,0.000080558166,0.00001729081,0.00006702201,0.000024459127,0.00001563026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004834519,0.000056578472,0.000026392145,0.000094220704,0.000074583324,0.00014992304,0.000016726664,0.000112918286,0.0000014273776],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023779685,0.0016628873,0.4000068,0.00008056884,0.0009424787,0.000029509747,0.31438163,0.10598834,0.17485067,0.0002845926,0.0005048618,0.0010298608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01278237,0.0011303908,0.1421263,0.00015079195,0.0002557046,0.00008415192,0.19564107,0.47865942,0.16821373,0.00042907504,0.00009051498,0.00043649407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000142089875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003880039,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37267107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028402832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000785436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23072031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2894482452","doi":"10.1145/3245647","title":"Session details: Fluid simulation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Session (web analytics); Computer science; Fluid simulation; Computer graphics (images); World Wide Web; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.03767804605117773,"score_gpt":0.3258161739433651,"score_spread":0.28813812789218735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2894482452","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18903713,0.00009033114,0.76372755,0.001367165,0.0010221296,0.0004762956,0.000029158244,0.0017501087,0.042500127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99548066,0.00022937829,0.0034649184,0.0005948962,0.00015954865,0.000010103016,0.000015289563,0.000012155889,0.000033029122],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999207,0.00002235086,0.00023005989,0.00021399949,0.00020826676,0.00011829334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935573,0.00011334487,0.00005469809,0.000120853336,0.0003113706,0.0000440005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008107529,0.00018183178,0.00015334575,0.0002692564,0.00006457636,0.00014353075,0.00014955623,0.00007150796,0.000041354095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014124812,0.00016549823,0.000050617593,0.00008854717,0.000037277197,0.00042150117,0.000041500163,0.00020383173,0.0000081188655],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019245374,0.00023088374,0.0012039704,0.00002824398,0.00031089946,0.00002080794,0.0012186086,0.0074952394,0.012767628,0.5280398,0.003283127,0.44520834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015528196,0.00020878832,0.007266489,0.00016398139,0.0000072410326,0.0000038177213,0.000023838706,0.96816874,0.0039975885,0.013440126,0.0063404418,0.00022365175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031281845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017658853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9606735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004736435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005921065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67488223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895815830","doi":"10.1007/s00707-018-2264-6","title":"Multiscale simulations of sliding droplets","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Mechanica","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Aberdeen","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Dimensionless quantity; Mechanics; Shear flow; Reynolds number; Molecular dynamics; Contact angle; Solid mechanics; Boundary value problem; Statistical physics; Materials science; Physics; Periodic boundary conditions; Capillary action; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.022031060799043375,"score_gpt":0.26094227653088603,"score_spread":0.23891121573184265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895815830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95866597,0.00009625543,0.029953646,0.00013506993,0.00070070795,0.00022939855,0.00003279618,0.0005038825,0.009682294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99706453,0.000008534204,0.0026395733,0.000022515384,0.000119766555,0.0000034934988,0.0000034626653,0.000026468357,0.00011168031],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993772,0.000012019472,0.00021253733,0.000110268906,0.00013026873,0.00015770356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944454,0.00014411633,0.00003580655,0.00024065438,0.00009729666,0.000037574773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000068344634,0.000094509494,0.00014609788,0.000064354375,0.00007586087,0.000009506446,0.00010675272,0.000051216884,0.00022788276],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089166904,0.000095049596,0.000038523474,0.00017303877,0.00002085845,0.00013343187,0.000055187953,0.00005601766,0.00006926037],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019632154,0.000086465145,0.0008445699,0.00012199104,0.00034256565,0.0000029728662,0.0034728134,0.018793495,0.95554614,0.010635502,0.005548828,0.0045850035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006720372,0.00007640208,0.0019979177,0.00005483341,0.000064844935,0.0000023804614,0.00016118785,0.78244,0.19174366,0.0014278373,0.02102626,0.00033262267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000047327676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002161144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7638025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023687086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005682984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38760102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896781654","doi":"10.2118/192156-ms","title":"Numerical Simulations of the Flow Past Crescent Cylinders for Flow Metering Purposes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Annual Technical Symposium and Exhibition","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex shedding; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Flow (mathematics); Cylinder; Vortex; Metering mode; Bluff; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Turbulence","score_opus":0.01883534712182776,"score_gpt":0.25782559459153204,"score_spread":0.23899024746970426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896781654","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7917524,0.00027696654,0.19862117,0.002335629,0.0011410117,0.0020968814,0.0006305146,0.00061961997,0.0025258043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923595,0.000027611472,0.0072417245,0.000038403632,0.00025416436,0.000023274355,0.000014802115,0.000030057548,0.000010444715],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987338,0.000028562423,0.0004990634,0.00023041893,0.00025885386,0.00024927311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990944,0.0002286396,0.00011750954,0.00024539218,0.00025288336,0.00006116053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016139746,0.00018873326,0.00032273727,0.000082044746,0.00017809606,0.000019981078,0.00013527529,0.00013151529,0.000015378842],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010148192,0.00014899271,0.00014919705,0.00025573638,0.0003034462,0.00018952119,0.000089628986,0.00011754934,0.0000021482967],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003792002,0.000342658,0.0059915707,0.0010476685,0.00032942073,0.0000014197351,0.0020618218,0.5850156,0.38942668,0.0028891885,0.0033129805,0.009201768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003750888,0.0011565331,0.059380732,0.0011340015,0.0005163736,0.00002605004,0.00039202327,0.73131555,0.18262209,0.007208375,0.011297354,0.0012000197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011998313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014919469,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20680459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051872008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001083405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60757464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897968188","doi":"10.1115/1.4041737","title":"Numerical Investigation of Two-Phase Flow Over Unglazed Plate Collector Covered With Porous Material of Wire Screen for Solar Water Heater Application","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Surface tension; Materials science; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Interphase; Heat transfer; Porous medium; Porosity; Two-phase flow; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.008106295767535302,"score_gpt":0.22221646480622653,"score_spread":0.21411016903869123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897968188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6044232,0.000037179227,0.39514473,0.000013397492,0.00020004642,0.00009905516,0.000035837238,0.00003486036,0.000011685979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98074716,0.000009254968,0.018696997,0.000013028032,0.0004172734,0.000011283087,0.000029980398,0.00006439117,0.000010633885],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986904,0.000016515032,0.00066973484,0.00011936958,0.00027396734,0.00023000763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913216,0.000058154255,0.00020038428,0.00015668174,0.00036684232,0.000085804204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021252476,0.00020644002,0.00046202622,0.00020287259,0.00004554694,0.000022709963,0.00012097757,0.00008748644,0.000018628816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019883715,0.00015770513,0.0000864913,0.0001675627,0.000049720118,0.00031640104,0.000021241554,0.00009055741,7.6051316e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000395397,0.000022682167,0.00031649764,0.00011792256,0.00031142196,0.0000026773187,0.00036228303,0.566527,0.4315552,0.000041924868,0.000076404154,0.00027058544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002727107,0.0003553805,0.00049921754,0.00009151923,0.000095385054,0.000018982748,0.000010898127,0.43699253,0.5585021,0.000039108774,0.00050585024,0.0001619667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022605023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004840025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37644774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008466272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027224722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6431028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898984132","doi":"10.1029/2018wr023132","title":"Effect of Elastic Deformation and Rough Grain Surface on Heat Conduction in Partially Saturated Granular Porous Media","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; American Chemical Society","keywords":"Materials science; Thermal conduction; Porous medium; Thermal conductivity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porosity; Granular material; Fractal dimension; Saturation (graph theory); Mineralogy; Composite material; Mechanics; Fractal; Geotechnical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.030862741410806045,"score_gpt":0.30755958521089666,"score_spread":0.27669684380009063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898984132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987662,0.00017074235,0.000034791647,0.000072558854,0.00010795728,0.00033046855,0.0000042802617,0.00007239811,0.00044060743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997745,0.00002624389,0.00002415692,0.000004063374,0.00007602292,0.000012570207,0.00001743821,0.000022457616,0.00004255722],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998329,0.00039533945,0.00026972187,0.00017084386,0.000469622,0.00036551539],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923235,0.00039321944,0.000012703206,0.00016894867,0.00013825829,0.00005454526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014862155,0.00013055158,0.00021614126,0.00024362015,0.00010648645,0.00004549753,0.00008887357,0.000088125475,0.000021004718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017583999,0.00008770925,0.000019417994,0.00030339888,0.00021826281,0.00017195957,0.00006257003,0.00025103608,0.00007224304],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028092256,0.00011732799,0.040908355,0.0016995799,0.0002272553,0.000052347983,0.12459895,0.41222715,0.40435317,0.00010379368,0.00080773595,0.012095115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003133205,0.0017874938,0.035669807,0.00029924212,0.00002928857,0.00001314931,0.000679775,0.21807694,0.73530746,0.00029974148,0.0042980984,0.00040578452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015323413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016255751,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3309543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007400278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035648995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35766795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899184161","doi":"10.1039/c8sm01445k","title":"Polymer margination in uniform shear flows","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soft Matter","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Shear (geology); Polymer; Materials science; Molecular dynamics; Shear rate; Lattice (music); Mechanics; Chemical physics; Physics; Composite material; Chemistry; Rheology; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.009948582480535232,"score_gpt":0.23312827444781703,"score_spread":0.2231796919672818,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899184161","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9357217,0.00016193099,0.0023018462,0.0010019183,0.0005113273,0.00012987021,0.0000042664474,0.00025438945,0.059912782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795216,0.0000020680798,0.00033549932,0.00047286443,0.00015524439,0.00000837328,0.000003113901,0.000022522418,0.0010481434],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995451,0.000006174887,0.00012268347,0.00008463207,0.000086900174,0.00015452158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998055,0.000022750457,0.000009142633,0.00011713356,0.000026360112,0.000019127856],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005712806,0.000078537036,0.00007967539,0.00008891769,0.000026647089,0.000017704828,0.00005046625,0.00003831155,0.0012641562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004890345,0.00007526281,0.000016938704,0.00012208526,0.000022952032,0.0001579182,0.000022528253,0.000057752157,0.003522053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000883751,0.00018057457,0.5213928,0.0006319826,0.00034449872,0.0000381687,0.016136006,0.021720428,0.031742916,0.0042087743,0.35382074,0.049694713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015210428,0.000052676496,0.57391405,0.00010966116,0.000031885273,0.000008819131,0.00034785215,0.2717654,0.02551098,0.0017321327,0.12405356,0.0009519357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010622026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003158545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25004497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004371155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000029112903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899938481","doi":"10.1007/s10404-018-2140-7","title":"Microfluidic two-phase interactions under variable liquid to cross-flow gas momentum flux ratios","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microfluidics and Nanofluidics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mechanics; Volume of fluid method; Momentum (technical analysis); Boundary layer; Vortex; Two-phase flow; Inertia; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.017930780526817524,"score_gpt":0.2982672750512855,"score_spread":0.28033649452446796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899938481","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87556934,0.024175078,0.09157323,0.0006451775,0.0027218547,0.00078851084,0.00025683947,0.00074082724,0.003529156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97774655,0.009849509,0.003835743,0.0023295172,0.0016585204,0.0001577218,0.00018842741,0.00031104655,0.00392299],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972291,0.000063587075,0.00084398367,0.00065817736,0.00036280628,0.0008423392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981272,0.00018503048,0.000078421785,0.0006514484,0.00053595146,0.0004219138],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004509643,0.00057586946,0.0005377142,0.0003937751,0.0008067044,0.0003577221,0.00032219366,0.0001812032,0.0005821787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008890971,0.00059971825,0.00011998288,0.0008155619,0.00033543448,0.0005113704,0.00022577953,0.00030374766,0.0007352525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001340715,0.0001125766,0.00013567066,0.000049539463,0.0002072958,0.0000071112368,0.00092610746,0.00018090465,0.8516148,0.0010789118,0.14437698,0.0011760338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019570095,0.00031455274,0.000059474132,0.00006839941,0.000087616085,0.000036143476,0.00013762955,0.002837624,0.5298013,0.0002876663,0.46382412,0.00058841705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033426306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000057736293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32181346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002432153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009610968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904960550","doi":"10.2175/106143017x14902968254683","title":"Effects of Flow Fluctuation on Dilution and Spreading in a Self‐Affine Fracture","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Environment Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Dilution; Flow (mathematics); Affine transformation; Fracture (geology); Chemistry; Environmental science; Materials science; Mechanics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material; Geometry","score_opus":0.020369761200659083,"score_gpt":0.28442836047053716,"score_spread":0.26405859926987807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904960550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982927,0.00009341351,0.0004151539,0.00021082623,0.000030198096,0.0002998211,8.953884e-7,0.000023211134,0.0006337911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99935,0.00021172652,0.00022312238,0.000004482527,0.000040761755,0.000029716131,0.000004138245,0.000013836849,0.00012220413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991665,0.000047165813,0.000115269075,0.0001447882,0.00030948548,0.00021679892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999595,0.00012136032,0.000013359893,0.00023248247,0.000007899417,0.000029919773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003890527,0.00008355615,0.0001140334,0.00012480587,0.00013361065,0.000035202986,0.0000888128,0.000056672397,0.000023423388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004271918,0.000062165804,0.000013431791,0.000017889335,0.00006333002,0.00014687613,0.0001066835,0.0001755782,0.000055293887],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011266509,0.00028010618,0.048555452,0.0010696565,0.00015860566,0.000038906375,0.012540825,0.4500175,0.4617187,0.00013500286,0.00039597298,0.024976578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009835153,0.00009097319,0.6163684,0.00009543944,0.000010154024,4.6073015e-7,0.000030565447,0.07952789,0.29916435,0.00037573575,0.003217555,0.00013493406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002083394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041076746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.567813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117847885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013867058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25350478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907152573","doi":"10.1080/10407790.2018.1538290","title":"The temperature decomposition method for periodic thermal flows with general wall conditions","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Heat Transfer Part B Fundamentals","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western Canada Research Grid; Compute Canada","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Heat flux; Boundary value problem; Thermal; Work (physics); Boundary (topology); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Periodic boundary conditions; Domain decomposition methods; Heat transfer; Computer science; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Finite element method","score_opus":0.017328717761237362,"score_gpt":0.3033581869743686,"score_spread":0.28602946921313127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2907152573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87762207,0.00035702594,0.117693454,0.0012324365,0.00048564878,0.0010145084,0.00021210345,0.00037091738,0.0010118436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927441,0.000025825411,0.0054689087,0.0006250415,0.00044527746,0.0004012256,0.000096222786,0.00006031961,0.0001331028],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987206,0.000075302145,0.00029638418,0.00025959284,0.00022503438,0.00042310046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992976,0.00026552175,0.0000050622234,0.00021933498,0.00009707216,0.00011539182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015281764,0.00025603737,0.00026671437,0.000033671982,0.00088001654,0.00013935851,0.00012826214,0.0000856841,0.0002091234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003761478,0.00016753798,0.00012246687,0.0001678464,0.00015583844,0.00016805535,0.000009392529,0.00015154503,0.000062145926],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017244978,0.00052490225,0.003010438,0.0002931864,0.0026420986,0.0000167269,0.008375525,0.14003462,0.806056,0.005869256,0.022439227,0.0090135215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006544395,0.0028661012,0.015638694,0.00017241291,0.0006069083,0.00009028017,0.00087440887,0.41444838,0.16064139,0.000421309,0.3959065,0.0017891945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012615678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048940805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6454146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009605521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019445579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68320006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907867801","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23442","title":"Investigation of gas condensate drop‐out effect on gas relative permeability by Lattice Boltzmann modelling","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Relative permeability; Capillary action; Drop (telecommunication); Porous medium; Dry gas; Chemistry; Fluid dynamics; Capillary pressure; Permeability (electromagnetism); Thermodynamics; Materials science; Porosity; Physics; Composite material; Engineering; Chromatography","score_opus":0.014607675918742265,"score_gpt":0.20372972557473412,"score_spread":0.18912204965599186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2907867801","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971786,0.00041497106,0.0013030565,0.00019593615,0.0002892857,0.00016644284,0.000011338467,0.000032379958,0.00040796038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953175,0.0000035946487,0.00027701046,0.000030472618,0.00008130538,0.0000022937843,0.0000032136875,0.00004060488,0.000029735951],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988192,0.000038225648,0.00046698056,0.000115525014,0.0002719694,0.00028814413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986269,0.0006118213,0.00012478445,0.00021294426,0.00015788317,0.00026568602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005385551,0.00020588563,0.00037365948,0.00011973755,0.000043097403,0.000028789347,0.00021022,0.00011008669,0.000023308818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021136523,0.0001648305,0.00012037768,0.00015581866,0.000085791566,0.00020399112,0.000012211053,0.0005725806,0.000020606001],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017013712,0.0000017923354,0.000949341,0.00013636907,0.00015203883,0.0000036355787,0.0015162335,0.8839986,0.11263802,0.00035480718,0.00016080585,0.000071364564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068314426,0.00011359765,0.00016474455,0.00033301822,0.00010454882,0.000016329872,0.000031886586,0.7568318,0.24040507,0.00069388794,0.00034546645,0.00027645842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001339149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002032447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12776706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003453218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007949701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67215925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908132752","doi":"10.1002/fld.4711","title":"Moving least squares reconstruction for sharp interface immersed boundary methods","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Moving least squares; Interpolation (computer graphics); Boundary (topology); Curvilinear coordinates; Airfoil; Mathematics; Cylinder; Flow (mathematics); Geometry; Vortex shedding; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Physics; Turbulence; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.0594973499001462,"score_gpt":0.4546206617712415,"score_spread":0.3951233118710953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908132752","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0049187765,0.0007062498,0.97979045,0.00046363738,0.012573457,0.00030788346,0.000032915254,0.0001219263,0.0010846818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.061966363,0.000056799287,0.93580574,0.00015136137,0.0016624322,0.00007986681,0.0000056581,0.00006985289,0.00020190462],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997926,0.00026600144,0.00086037704,0.00029020416,0.00027310287,0.0003843158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971161,0.001738513,0.00014495297,0.00015064652,0.0007343538,0.00011546065],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021051748,0.00025550125,0.00040183248,0.00039799747,0.00021918632,0.00022246172,0.00044817707,0.0001331812,0.00017916702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001960616,0.0002456332,0.0002622651,0.00023293038,0.00015237991,0.0005170803,0.000091030255,0.00035467604,0.000011944398],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036529714,0.000042249354,0.0005433099,0.00003843655,0.00048034528,0.0000027823737,0.0008763776,0.0071560163,0.043288648,0.0008655014,0.0019257723,0.9444153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002439335,0.00034439698,0.0015005062,0.00022847603,0.000079852325,0.00030175614,0.0009928204,0.7380915,0.044646416,0.026383476,0.18439128,0.0006001761],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074670274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002693515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9438151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047598447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046974084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911781079","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-04915-7_64","title":"Investigation of Turbulent Flow Over Two Wall-Mounted Cubes Using LBM","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"ERCOFTAC series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Wake; Turbulence; Reynolds number; Vortex; Mechanics; Geometry; Flow (mathematics); Large eddy simulation; Physics; Geology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.029946490214084874,"score_gpt":0.26217525161966665,"score_spread":0.23222876140558177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911781079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5129019,0.017901447,0.0022698543,0.0006048218,0.007219988,0.0035281677,0.00068593497,0.0031448412,0.45174304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6088702,0.0014210241,0.00997684,0.00043730915,0.001367678,0.00002868388,0.00063909753,0.0009285993,0.37633055],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843115,0.000014698897,0.00058755174,0.00030143824,0.00041903168,0.00024613747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989758,0.00009771927,0.00018475142,0.00046457295,0.00021397705,0.00006319373],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010418171,0.00048807962,0.0006590584,0.00022159115,0.000069719805,0.000044418957,0.00015660118,0.00027417723,0.00041399588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002186815,0.00049822516,0.00015980763,0.00006185474,0.00016328743,0.0004572865,0.00009057702,0.00029184265,0.00014019893],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012476742,0.000013421968,0.0021755665,0.002827344,0.0022791314,0.00003729534,0.006336045,0.912137,0.008188781,0.054669533,0.010249984,0.0009611604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003248277,0.0002670015,0.004688702,0.004130101,0.0015232011,0.000079134545,0.0003416341,0.56164473,0.016099479,0.027912404,0.3754677,0.0045976206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031891726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044825054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36521772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001981182,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006656712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997469},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913284071","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23478","title":"Single drop breakup in turbulent flow","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Breakup; Drop (telecommunication); Mechanics; Turbulence; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Homogeneous isotropic turbulence; Physics; Direct numerical simulation; Reynolds number; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.008295240984882706,"score_gpt":0.1801608110922502,"score_spread":0.1718655701073675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913284071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99733967,0.0007731923,0.00023278136,0.00039798793,0.00039492917,0.00006816103,0.0000017036618,0.000026165602,0.00076538546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993832,0.0000020038692,0.00039202473,0.00004408213,0.00012586564,9.287922e-7,5.721156e-7,0.000026794625,0.000024498153],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926746,0.000005225573,0.00027620804,0.000053902088,0.00013484307,0.00026238474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953693,0.000083883846,0.000029166291,0.00012223683,0.000049964365,0.00017778856],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001508792,0.00011221087,0.00018903911,0.00014125316,0.0000142066865,0.000034570814,0.00018993001,0.00005626633,0.000055085973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005616828,0.00009014026,0.000060395723,0.00017767926,0.000018541761,0.00010367675,0.000008535755,0.00032152905,0.000027033973],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023483342,0.0000028846605,0.0004261078,0.000030407742,0.00003991852,0.00003191069,0.0004891408,0.96551776,0.03252523,0.00008917115,0.00037697377,0.00046815045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012328736,0.000041030984,0.002190832,0.00038023788,0.000042012973,0.00033685466,0.00007504968,0.9184146,0.0548661,0.00021068778,0.021680675,0.0005290576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012561049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017310349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04710317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003455053,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056684632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3675813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914701623","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.390.133","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Equations-Based Model of the Convection Melt Flow Driven by the Combined Effects of Buoyancy, Surface Tension and Magnetic Body Forces with Heat Generation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Defect and diffusion forum/Diffusion and defect data, solid state data. Part A, Defect and diffusion forum","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Buoyancy; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Surface tension; Convection; Body force; Prandtl number; Fluid dynamics; Classical mechanics; Physics; Natural convection; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01520204748390887,"score_gpt":0.23528994559241465,"score_spread":0.22008789810850576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914701623","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824879,0.0049221953,0.007813857,0.00026729694,0.00045883612,0.0021270767,0.0016750798,0.000153455,0.00009426218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99326026,0.0033853757,0.00027007156,0.00028672567,0.000036397403,0.00003763743,0.0024653648,0.0000913419,0.0001668237],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99623764,0.00031833444,0.00089400046,0.0010804324,0.0007878839,0.00068170874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961694,0.0012621724,0.000341998,0.0017480043,0.00021782643,0.00026061462],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006639474,0.00075244944,0.0009874242,0.00021197245,0.0010332523,0.00021720842,0.0004910036,0.00026392084,0.000020228737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021985051,0.00047344598,0.00016908947,0.0004445859,0.00047365564,0.00077835476,0.0017144952,0.0003886867,0.000006542066],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0029758688,0.0016662445,0.22358537,0.0046019605,0.0010562872,0.00001330112,0.0034585246,0.048017368,0.6653232,0.00093465863,0.031373594,0.016993634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0060493774,0.00083734206,0.0060229287,0.00039343294,0.0006606367,0.000017183655,0.00044851203,0.97959495,0.00355384,0.00021839546,0.0015644601,0.0006389697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022440369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007511313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93157756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032384356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005588917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2916569716","doi":"10.29252/jafm.73.245.27652","title":"Oscillations of Water Levels in Vertical Semi-Immersed Tubes: Analytical Solutions and Experimental Verification","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Oscillation (cell signaling); Mechanics; Bernoulli's principle; Physics; Differential equation; Nonlinear system; Momentum (technical analysis); Flow (mathematics); Equations of motion; Partial differential equation; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.04306678096397139,"score_gpt":0.2793364034931948,"score_spread":0.2362696225292234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2916569716","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98369944,0.00014751326,0.014575525,0.00013684733,0.00020313187,0.00011773139,0.000005479618,0.000014368173,0.0010999697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926114,0.00003984367,0.00061028707,0.000011834568,0.000053441672,0.0000032294367,0.000001172579,0.000014833755,0.0000042242627],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990326,0.000009654444,0.0004804603,0.00008958991,0.00021435553,0.00017333266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999547,0.000048367172,0.00004661321,0.00020312906,0.00008588656,0.00006900818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030709998,0.00010543722,0.00025973507,0.0001289043,0.00012852113,0.000034442648,0.0001233639,0.00008120568,0.000024501565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044217264,0.00008754041,0.00005163374,0.000047108206,0.000048466773,0.00019048539,0.00006186884,0.00014626184,0.000005663525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000647029,0.00007976342,0.00010530829,0.000030288946,0.00011530056,0.000003804602,0.0017098478,0.04407542,0.92696947,0.026498117,0.00011030106,0.0002376783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019089313,0.000076979784,0.0049221814,0.000050434766,0.000103985185,0.000014010289,0.0014229659,0.6343103,0.35484767,0.0017866681,0.0003396054,0.0002162358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014778232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019138138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5902349,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008812231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018490095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35697943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2916734677","doi":"10.1017/s100489790000129x","title":"A Projection Preconditioner for Solving the Implicit Immersed Boundary Equations","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Numerical Mathematics Theory Methods and Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Preconditioner; Mathematics; Saddle point; Projection (relational algebra); Krylov subspace; Projection method; Reynolds number; Applied mathematics; Condition number; Eulerian path; Linear system; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical optimization; Dykstra's projection algorithm; Algorithm; Geometry; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors; Physics; Mechanics; Lagrangian","score_opus":0.031117015413790788,"score_gpt":0.35391789333821294,"score_spread":0.32280087792442214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2916734677","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00040290915,0.00014132757,0.9938071,0.0002086679,0.000056474324,0.0009921666,0.000019231182,0.00021370265,0.004158451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3280848,0.000027678703,0.66685677,0.00018880793,0.0002713628,0.004219269,0.000021808877,0.00006629072,0.0002632429],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991804,0.000091878566,0.0003055433,0.00016797228,0.000081032915,0.00017319899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952033,0.0043074153,0.00007806752,0.00028438307,0.00007929184,0.000047500547],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012356887,0.00013932088,0.00019667925,0.0000491389,0.00055352185,0.00007955517,0.000107447355,0.00005404411,0.000023661361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034669903,0.000100665595,0.00007034469,0.00020232279,0.00010359467,0.00008912267,0.00003133188,0.00010798577,0.000013601745],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029511862,0.000044792258,0.000004917062,0.00013709957,0.00008203592,6.965025e-9,0.0010289305,0.0018687655,0.0032418256,0.87774473,0.00016072117,0.11568322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014833504,0.000016019123,0.00008917754,0.000009528169,0.000093448,0.0000025474346,0.0005598164,0.41404486,0.00045824086,0.5568438,0.027598202,0.0001359717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.986692e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.3433113e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4121761,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025605701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008739253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42572984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2918198904","doi":"10.13111/2066-8201.2019.11.1.2","title":"Simulation Study of the Aerodynamic Force Distributions on the UAS-S45 Baalam Wing with anUpswept Blended Winglet","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"INCAS BULLETIN","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hôpital Notre-Dame; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wingtip device; Wing; Aerodynamics; Wing configuration; Aerospace engineering; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Simulation; Engineering","score_opus":0.010919239089334478,"score_gpt":0.22218244414455351,"score_spread":0.21126320505521903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2918198904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99450654,0.000025835352,0.00080129434,0.0006770124,0.00016115651,0.00089831126,0.00001587871,0.00013471389,0.0027792398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993188,0.0000011407618,0.000030183126,0.000058632613,0.00003933066,0.00003054699,0.0000059271815,0.000033577744,0.00048188568],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988514,0.000094102266,0.00028648268,0.00019548205,0.00035959855,0.00021294487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984009,0.0008151987,0.00009458358,0.0005697119,0.00009669318,0.000022891158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002108755,0.00019591198,0.00021052102,0.000041604584,0.00020621858,0.00003214776,0.00023225522,0.00004727005,0.00014060257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000111651185,0.00010966392,0.000059902963,0.00024703523,0.000052393778,0.000046225334,0.00008993499,0.00022441227,0.00009791004],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024826179,0.00009054513,0.014150413,0.000020572932,0.00010563074,9.4859007e-7,0.0009843971,0.9834756,0.00036960028,0.000400362,0.00029600554,0.00008108054],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034114416,0.00065349496,0.4932464,0.0003413812,0.000259053,0.0000044638273,0.0063375058,0.48285365,0.0011187678,0.00022062795,0.010834124,0.000719079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018211853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000441132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.500622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009467757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010084106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44719648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2918336054","doi":"10.1007/s40571-019-00250-3","title":"Comparison of multiphase SPH and LBM approaches for the simulation of intermittent flows","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Computational Particle Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Context (archaeology); Slugging; Computer science; Slug flow; Reynolds number; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.13332019277846593,"score_gpt":0.3422086660681364,"score_spread":0.20888847328967045,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2918336054","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35880688,0.00068175717,0.6396393,0.00003267591,0.00022781937,0.00052696996,0.00004742114,0.000030439942,0.0000067122837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920173,0.000006934553,0.007828416,0.000006039434,0.00003635772,0.00003798612,0.000039050985,0.000023146062,0.000004719038],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990178,0.000023985178,0.0004915533,0.00016262151,0.00020047082,0.00010359098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99826133,0.0011634165,0.0001813733,0.00017438427,0.00019537401,0.000024146224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020366542,0.00014575006,0.00033158777,0.00003721941,0.000040015108,0.000017465161,0.00011292773,0.00007967648,0.000002941184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000087212036,0.00012315043,0.00008484114,0.000056644287,0.000024542818,0.000044000208,0.00017421023,0.00011726919,0.0000018185685],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028648436,0.000049123428,0.0005661249,0.0004723111,0.0001665558,4.799113e-8,0.0011180745,0.989363,0.00011589105,0.0026348282,0.00001986679,0.0054655396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051153183,0.00003533511,0.0014370928,0.000053675303,0.00010284346,1.9880582e-7,0.00028706001,0.9904981,0.0010964723,0.0058362912,0.000028745762,0.000112626825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015396691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023314174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6332105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028168122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018611052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50219285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921754471","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2018-0862","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulation of conjugate forced convection in a channel heat sink with surface-mounted blocks","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Nusselt number; Heat transfer; Forced convection; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Physics; Pressure drop; Thermal conductivity; Reynolds number; Heat sink; Thermodynamics; Thermal conduction; Turbulence","score_opus":0.012873352258492394,"score_gpt":0.2287768681977536,"score_spread":0.21590351593926121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921754471","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99449044,0.0001580356,0.0040438017,0.000047998634,0.00030251432,0.0001894557,0.000013909255,0.00001537387,0.0007384544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999677,0.000005343499,0.00009366611,0.0000349156,0.0000874506,6.8278536e-7,0.0000036766517,0.000031569693,0.00006567877],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909246,0.000025131187,0.00038079987,0.00009190085,0.00017356276,0.0002361467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910843,0.00011156858,0.00012750179,0.00013391768,0.00036820956,0.00015034863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014966282,0.0001483085,0.00034027777,0.00015263191,0.000036654506,0.000023205717,0.00008719277,0.000063763466,0.000021243639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022592902,0.00014162634,0.000056612207,0.00034936282,0.000044730336,0.00033809277,0.000005053831,0.00021057093,0.0000094360785],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003096953,0.000005929678,0.009906785,0.000058453294,0.00008872185,0.000009379791,0.0015043061,0.9872904,0.00088222156,0.00010066556,0.00003346457,0.00008870748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016972424,0.00015981696,0.009724428,0.0002329249,0.00005641737,0.000009662827,0.00054286345,0.98392296,0.0028361923,0.0002730089,0.00033537872,0.00020912848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007412529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029985942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051865596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021354145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018041403,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57753545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945341486","doi":"10.1007/s10973-019-08386-3","title":"Thermal mixing, cooling and entropy generation in a micromixer with a porous zone by the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Micromixer; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Thermal conductivity; Microchannel; Porosity; Mixing (physics); Thermal diffusivity; Thermal; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Heat transfer; Microfluidics; Porous medium; Mechanics; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.008553540678234476,"score_gpt":0.2375199619300784,"score_spread":0.22896642125184394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945341486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832647,0.005125229,0.011263048,0.00010543978,0.000057792833,0.00007323848,0.000004032734,0.000008811697,0.00009770603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99680555,0.0001399866,0.002668939,0.000103319995,0.00013501133,0.0000012221213,0.0000024529566,0.000017184551,0.00012631384],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989884,0.000101802834,0.0003881113,0.00012767226,0.00022767085,0.00016633265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940306,0.00015041913,0.00017872402,0.00012357732,0.0000901144,0.000054113792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006291961,0.0001548216,0.00042628704,0.00021331644,0.0000656894,0.00008215294,0.00009045797,0.0000566831,0.00003393472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013286355,0.00009058136,0.00009043714,0.00043544077,0.00003142462,0.00021623565,0.000030484582,0.00024511706,0.0000021457026],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000321667,0.000093663344,0.23453838,0.00007053243,0.0059213727,0.00003700296,0.0029318696,0.41781962,0.32602933,0.000082328974,0.00027478268,0.011879462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003862766,0.00029828952,0.34019515,0.0000719675,0.0043741674,0.00010144943,0.0018391159,0.6269681,0.01974232,0.00001935053,0.0018714733,0.0006558819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000077658115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003798124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.306287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003483905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008841412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36938006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945489119","doi":"10.1155/2019/5176410","title":"Characterization of Transport-Enhanced Phase Separation in Porous Media Using a Lattice-Boltzmann Method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geofluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Clogging; Capillary action; Wetting; Porous medium; Saturation (graph theory); Materials science; Capillary number; Mechanics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Characterisation of pore space in soil; Convection; Mass transfer; Porosity; Chemistry; Membrane; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.024411990551543392,"score_gpt":0.31236987684814593,"score_spread":0.2879578862966025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945489119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8931482,0.00010538625,0.10509883,0.000010942413,0.00031244784,0.00031863793,0.000030216022,0.00011774325,0.0008576274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965098,0.000040609306,0.0031345806,0.000022233495,0.000061226296,0.000012078135,0.000111048685,0.000035961864,0.000072484865],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880284,0.000040420466,0.00050305616,0.00019723362,0.0002190581,0.00023741614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999501,0.000081446524,0.00007241706,0.00021712009,0.00009049049,0.000037523085],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002720477,0.00017044449,0.00035113655,0.00020167488,0.000023179575,0.000009567731,0.00008341093,0.00010319877,0.00011331846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018725576,0.00018361791,0.000050284005,0.00038940753,0.000017458704,0.00038893314,0.0000136190965,0.00010394241,0.000045989203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003990423,0.000050760813,0.0022167761,0.00012471348,0.000039118135,0.0000024754802,0.0036441614,0.038912833,0.9525249,0.00018562264,0.0000032461958,0.0022555008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00505911,0.00010294538,0.07800728,0.00019203637,0.00012587491,0.000005298872,0.0003474686,0.49743283,0.41708478,0.00023912977,0.00075607485,0.0006471613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001868762,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019702795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5354401,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006839693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002155564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7487721},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946207170","doi":"10.1002/aic.16661","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulation of biofilm clogging and chemical oxygen demand removal in porous media","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Clogging; Biofilm; Chemical oxygen demand; Porosity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Chemical engineering; Porous medium; Permeability (electromagnetism); Oxygen; Chemistry; Bacterial growth; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Bacteria; Membrane; Sewage treatment; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.014470858570676329,"score_gpt":0.2496627131220675,"score_spread":0.2351918545513912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2946207170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99635607,0.0011979305,0.00064107496,0.00007395105,0.00023177893,0.00009342083,0.0000021789904,0.000042723434,0.0013608687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99794793,0.00010929293,0.001703735,0.00003654323,0.00014410766,7.140841e-7,0.0000019046979,0.000024332023,0.00003146202],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989649,0.000034477536,0.00042820175,0.00012098448,0.00023248815,0.00021893496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930304,0.0003350305,0.00009653024,0.00011883821,0.0000769721,0.000069613656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044895546,0.00013460388,0.00027289015,0.00015890381,0.000030438676,0.000026854566,0.000086103035,0.00010271139,0.00003945787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014161215,0.00012612849,0.000038495175,0.00016541097,0.000032281194,0.0002602903,0.000046345387,0.00028954516,0.000018383516],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008048464,0.000037060243,0.12309137,0.00018907912,0.00017698243,0.00006315698,0.0050456864,0.8237887,0.04250145,0.00015391046,0.00022368408,0.004648416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003183913,0.000047642898,0.23981704,0.0002272433,0.00009679894,0.00029522536,0.00085018476,0.7477695,0.0044845007,0.001351573,0.0014032477,0.00047315584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000034186412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032871578,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11672567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060077462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014656245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51433706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947904495","doi":"10.1142/s0129183119410018","title":"Simulating anisotropic flows with isotropic lattice models via coordinate and velocity transformation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; HPP model; Anisotropy; Isotropy; Vortex; Cuboid; Lattice (music); Coordinate system; Statistical physics; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Classical mechanics; Mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.013588696479162372,"score_gpt":0.23384335743303078,"score_spread":0.22025466095386842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947904495","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5923712,0.00010035717,0.40637058,0.00007805841,0.0001895843,0.000066678775,0.00000448304,0.000027373015,0.00079168833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959555,0.00004234659,0.0037288396,0.000046531102,0.00017641361,0.0000012668396,0.000003623805,0.000025286345,0.00002015068],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898136,0.000016842321,0.00033856483,0.000093597824,0.0004425707,0.0001270419],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919736,0.000087892484,0.00015104855,0.00008201797,0.0004362739,0.000045403605],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008418543,0.00014276127,0.00021381545,0.00007333937,0.00003713165,0.0000623413,0.00015385952,0.00003762381,0.000008437702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053271906,0.00012285986,0.0000548259,0.0000643929,0.000019781772,0.0010987374,0.000025335698,0.00018956282,0.000008709305],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049455193,0.000019941031,0.0012236893,0.00003215532,0.00027460264,0.0000048166257,0.0015296085,0.9701036,0.001417317,0.0016484928,0.0000051652187,0.023691136],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012936101,0.000055592158,0.0016644102,0.00007232258,0.000037632664,0.000024369167,0.00006134675,0.9760313,0.00045399932,0.020083599,0.00008830572,0.00013348182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000037068282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029284859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40358433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009112721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001726041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.501008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950484137","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.5681","title":"A Sharp-Interface Active Penalty Method for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Penalty method; Navier–Stokes equations; Compressibility; Convergence (economics); Term (time); Mathematics; Function (biology); Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.12056574820579156,"score_gpt":0.25759036579746897,"score_spread":0.1370246175916774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2950484137","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02482758,0.00048808573,0.96854633,0.00013434977,0.00062969327,0.001189354,0.00018530698,0.0003969608,0.0036023415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99268126,0.00017035987,0.003967205,0.000035156805,0.00012785355,0.000034116307,0.000028981793,0.00005808697,0.0028969846],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872684,0.00008718382,0.00023669674,0.00053070614,0.00008677929,0.00033178894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971331,0.0015999523,0.00015778867,0.0007224161,0.0002998056,0.00008695079],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020949371,0.00036339555,0.00039070725,0.00014945756,0.0003218647,0.000098358236,0.0007035509,0.00022068873,0.000151223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010134488,0.000322093,0.00025703243,0.00026047896,0.00008600199,0.0003016633,0.00072086457,0.0005624336,0.0001407926],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024191675,0.000020324198,0.00006899714,0.00013653885,0.0005700783,0.0000024041822,0.0007153817,0.98810464,0.00007230694,0.007966671,0.0014144065,0.0009040455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004349872,0.000013598822,0.0005847846,0.00008753324,0.000361015,5.5076225e-7,0.0006279274,0.98218095,0.0004701156,0.010083217,0.004784772,0.00037055122],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018136267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009079568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96785367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026982825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054406515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950784871","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.5031","title":"Modeling the Behavior of Confined Colloidal Particles Under Shear Flow","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western Canada Research Grid; Compute Canada","keywords":"Volume fraction; Phase diagram; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Colloid; Colloidal particle; Materials science; Complex fluid; Shear (geology); Shear flow; Particle (ecology); Atomic packing factor; Condensed matter physics; Phase (matter); Mechanics; Chemical physics; Physics; Chemistry; Geology; Composite material; Crystallography; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.08555422603993455,"score_gpt":0.2002815445113194,"score_spread":0.11472731847138486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2950784871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8334543,0.00007677743,0.16497725,0.00002235873,0.00025307987,0.000311278,0.000021473505,0.00018028246,0.0007031877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993416,0.000059041264,0.00025936868,0.000020164967,0.000056288918,0.0000037607551,0.0000077803425,0.000033031036,0.00021897549],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912566,0.00005366827,0.00022737199,0.00029447058,0.000083699895,0.00021514167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990792,0.000119239114,0.00006461028,0.000529925,0.00014836967,0.000058609337],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015412939,0.00022333699,0.0003180143,0.00008252917,0.000097340264,0.0000256396,0.0003293504,0.00016769326,0.000039089595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019257892,0.0002074653,0.00014914347,0.0001596794,0.000110566965,0.00006711118,0.00031443528,0.00030182098,0.000030200463],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012911378,0.000019066763,0.0008858174,0.0000637953,0.00013590888,0.00000564404,0.00017400109,0.9947056,0.00016155992,0.0037081824,0.000050544262,0.000076977274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035536027,0.000009846736,0.0008439261,0.000038810067,0.00028051264,4.832504e-7,0.00030029126,0.995477,0.0002621768,0.002137855,0.00007467783,0.00021905397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000674157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005024619,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16588728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084636646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034081688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84601897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2951832891","doi":"10.1108/hff-09-2018-0490","title":"Liquid drop breakup in homogeneous isotropic turbulence","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Drop (telecommunication); Turbulence; Vortex; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Homogeneous isotropic turbulence; Physics; Turbulence kinetic energy; Statistical physics; Direct numerical simulation; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.021786513993826324,"score_gpt":0.34873810844076064,"score_spread":0.32695159444693433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2951832891","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16042185,0.0016173893,0.8329668,0.0005587432,0.0037722974,0.00021125645,0.000020192972,0.000053357304,0.00037810893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4992589,0.00027293447,0.49947324,0.00023022736,0.0005456144,0.000012405818,0.0000062795475,0.000050447667,0.0001499331],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981916,0.0001250838,0.0008025381,0.00018423378,0.00041756345,0.00027896682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818903,0.00094704604,0.00009094479,0.00017805581,0.00048425733,0.0001106689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059537805,0.0002104631,0.0004849927,0.0003160752,0.00002682998,0.000047483587,0.00047187784,0.000098632874,0.000166515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044277243,0.00018783426,0.00025171455,0.00020769746,0.000033978216,0.00027596552,0.00006763408,0.0002844507,0.00006159193],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008185051,0.00020708954,0.0027443867,0.00008831873,0.0007815892,0.000047101563,0.0009906557,0.8033696,0.07841143,0.000368766,0.001207404,0.11096518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003231299,0.0006845197,0.004386136,0.00028587435,0.00007311622,0.00040510594,0.000082802275,0.84191513,0.0061841076,0.002098741,0.1400448,0.00060837244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010007956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017464469,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33883706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029511465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040257873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7659659},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2952288379","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.11245","title":"Nonlinear Dynamics of a Viscous Bubbly Fluid","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universities Space Research Association","keywords":"Ansatz; Nonlinear system; Physics; Viscous liquid; Dimensionless quantity; Fluid dynamics; Bubble; Mechanics; Perturbation (astronomy); Classical mechanics; Mathematical physics","score_opus":0.053682625994941474,"score_gpt":0.20033413971562908,"score_spread":0.1466515137206876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2952288379","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.919784,0.00025506708,0.056240734,0.00003352326,0.0009149584,0.00032504648,0.00021689438,0.00044060554,0.02178916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99745226,0.00040438664,0.00045466117,0.0000064514093,0.00009474628,4.97397e-7,0.0000538141,0.000051208415,0.0014819854],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990016,0.000022944669,0.00023251877,0.00041255652,0.000084768355,0.0002455673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984001,0.00007283172,0.00018493398,0.0010606915,0.0001995216,0.00008191926],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104804894,0.00030714093,0.00047683105,0.00018752986,0.000107163345,0.000035623892,0.0006554543,0.00028357707,0.00003063831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004638114,0.00037331748,0.00020275258,0.000116259216,0.00015761143,0.000149281,0.00070523086,0.00038916018,0.00006762489],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019199477,0.000032743876,0.002125855,0.00031218008,0.00031523986,0.00008043535,0.00014358807,0.9922952,0.000041851865,0.0042428877,0.00019661499,0.00019419672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039940228,0.000018154235,0.0010434851,0.000120482146,0.00018473808,0.0000011990993,0.00009908116,0.99349827,0.00013409833,0.0035008946,0.00062567677,0.00037453684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000082977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013660564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07766824,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024096863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006004883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953609389","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2018-0474","title":"Multiscale flow characteristics of droplet spreading with microgravity conditions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Wetting; Physics; Mechanics; Molecular dynamics; RADIUS; Flow (mathematics); Boundary value problem; Statistical physics; Fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Condensed matter physics","score_opus":0.00805925333811129,"score_gpt":0.20407531101039328,"score_spread":0.196016057672282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2953609389","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99592555,0.00006461314,0.0029533268,0.000022964574,0.00028935977,0.000070538794,0.00016998455,0.000008790476,0.00049486867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985591,0.000004806643,0.0012195292,0.000017595883,0.00012144211,5.251827e-7,0.00000938263,0.000020586958,0.000047041114],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994757,0.000009074176,0.00021793977,0.000047302434,0.000093917406,0.00015603787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936116,0.00004851422,0.00011099854,0.000109232045,0.00020638166,0.00016371871],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005139771,0.00009023319,0.00023323658,0.000070983995,0.00004010214,0.000019516196,0.00008536709,0.000028429624,0.000044771154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010951296,0.00008360823,0.000055199733,0.00012259696,0.000055766734,0.0001516763,0.000004067762,0.00013706219,0.000018329718],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029755713,0.000071221184,0.668905,0.0005693295,0.0012181108,0.00015563877,0.007199962,0.261735,0.037052535,0.0026062913,0.005080421,0.015376721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004003121,0.00045282216,0.8758672,0.0012542434,0.0005950683,0.00023758684,0.0014481507,0.06853575,0.0252269,0.0014908423,0.019587139,0.0013011917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001351307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076425093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20696215,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007517089,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012067368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34094447},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953864848","doi":"10.1039/c3sm50244a","title":"Secondary convection due to second normal stress differences: A new mechanism for the mass transport of solutes in pressure-driven flows of concentrated, non-colloidal suspensions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Soft Matter","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Convection; Chemistry; Mechanics; Diffusion; Shear stress; Thermal diffusivity; Particle (ecology); Suspension (topology); Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Thermodynamics; Chemical physics; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.010144916453928638,"score_gpt":0.20658674787592857,"score_spread":0.19644183142199992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2953864848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9501792,0.00007372751,0.047351383,0.00027063786,0.00035237684,0.00124572,0.00015614013,0.000043007727,0.00032779216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981935,0.000003240791,0.0009550616,0.00013989833,0.000046724228,0.00012055217,0.00000967046,0.000025703532,0.000505627],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990963,0.000013450554,0.00037912064,0.00014864831,0.00012813786,0.00023435568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936247,0.0002209127,0.00006130775,0.00017101195,0.00012894676,0.000055353034],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005531389,0.00015524079,0.00032410826,0.00006919673,0.000044316785,0.000014760866,0.00014055126,0.00007754005,0.0014307854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008690416,0.00012102103,0.000070130794,0.00010935894,0.000032230542,0.00018326871,0.000021442323,0.00011426182,0.000026940894],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018523728,0.00016094002,0.2439627,0.0023402388,0.0014901081,0.000008052027,0.02400635,0.24437916,0.46102342,0.00074669765,0.020712042,0.0009850528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034640776,0.00015264361,0.60215837,0.00028480394,0.00024921517,0.0000049066816,0.0022612563,0.25531548,0.13339214,0.0014999018,0.00060176937,0.00061544956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024705846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011888,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35819566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015513804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032372296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99948204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2959907445","doi":"10.1108/hff-03-2019-0273","title":"Nanofluid flow and heat transfer due to natural convection in a semi-circle/ellipse annulus using modified lattice Boltzmann method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Natural convection; Heat transfer; Annulus (botany); Nusselt number; Mechanics; Rayleigh number; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Combined forced and natural convection; Physics","score_opus":0.030366050159949046,"score_gpt":0.3576429103714769,"score_spread":0.32727686021152785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2959907445","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23378116,0.0012176912,0.7608765,0.0005400506,0.003039585,0.00040549014,0.000030874267,0.000051798972,0.000056869267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4228279,0.00007490996,0.5762602,0.0003217653,0.00038902674,0.000014535603,0.000007917979,0.00006488519,0.000038851846],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99720806,0.0003771808,0.0010799794,0.0003699066,0.000543423,0.00042146284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99726516,0.0015548941,0.00004136457,0.00020100322,0.0007096418,0.0002279529],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016196822,0.00035063748,0.00084978674,0.0005870359,0.000072263305,0.000114756156,0.00032643246,0.00017331507,0.000045385103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050915004,0.0003416921,0.00028311045,0.00040407403,0.00003815821,0.0006041015,0.00006796861,0.00047207877,0.000012687051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00072439696,0.00008914634,0.00039449104,0.000098367425,0.0005301607,0.000022109365,0.0017211237,0.7710135,0.17575234,0.00008938141,0.00015031148,0.049414672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022562444,0.00016746647,0.0016999752,0.00019106508,0.00009416784,0.00043330961,0.00014036978,0.97815424,0.010921207,0.0005977352,0.0049493792,0.000394815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048545782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000819163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20714077,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038814143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005153501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2960187003","doi":"10.1108/hff-09-2018-0485","title":"GPGPU implementation of a lattice Boltzmann methodology for particle transport and deposition in complex flow","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computer science; General-purpose computing on graphics processing units; Computational science; Parallel computing; Computation; Statistical physics; Probabilistic logic; Algorithm; Graphics; Mechanics; Physics; Computer graphics (images)","score_opus":0.0903183755948516,"score_gpt":0.43173048771321926,"score_spread":0.34141211211836764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2960187003","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2415338,0.00030472738,0.7569151,0.00038345114,0.00045464872,0.00033183943,0.000040479474,0.000015451404,0.000020502162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.41812608,0.000043150485,0.5815976,0.00007605361,0.00009141653,0.000021136724,0.000020209302,0.000018633222,0.000005705961],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99831307,0.00019447129,0.00090594596,0.00015288305,0.00022992639,0.00020373212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974644,0.0017877835,0.00013065121,0.00009148672,0.000455782,0.0000698683],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014003261,0.00014966742,0.0004968059,0.00018552975,0.000026197087,0.00001604115,0.00015644889,0.00007096408,0.00005898673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020920733,0.00014182214,0.0001734539,0.00012949399,0.00003506711,0.0002727241,0.00001965912,0.0001132781,0.0000015171595],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017171786,0.0002472606,0.034047093,0.00045382752,0.0014351956,0.0000061242135,0.0047117127,0.3081708,0.33049175,0.0017137997,0.00038134074,0.3166239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005446621,0.0005106901,0.04484601,0.00008033815,0.00017616952,0.000084159496,0.00053951825,0.9125316,0.025431316,0.0036162161,0.0064565353,0.00028078514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022690043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015196986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6043608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010707754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024356059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5783339},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962796549","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1903.01168","title":"Comparison of multiphase SPH and LBM approaches for the simulation of\\n intermittent flows","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Slugging; Reynolds number; Slug flow; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Statistical physics; Geology; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.12660265416864752,"score_gpt":0.32294004135133264,"score_spread":0.19633738718268512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2962796549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98012835,0.00060120295,0.018471166,0.00002857314,0.00014926185,0.00042287487,0.0000070812794,0.00003710144,0.00015441027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994121,0.00000790698,0.0004570533,0.000007257106,0.00003169131,0.000013591374,0.0000042028146,0.00001621286,0.000049992123],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944973,0.000009812677,0.00026572964,0.000099687895,0.00008127801,0.00009376485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916595,0.0005151799,0.00006873313,0.00018097117,0.000052695636,0.000016470227],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000103843704,0.000092172384,0.00021274907,0.000033574623,0.000030243595,0.00000528719,0.000069677335,0.000036818332,0.000008340254],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051803658,0.000067394496,0.000049222344,0.000059195012,0.000033987628,0.000081773964,0.000036951045,0.000053294025,0.000007289724],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001575673,0.000018866049,0.38031545,0.00010908921,0.000059079735,2.5283875e-8,0.0009921242,0.6142747,0.0010746622,0.000031533036,0.000014722531,0.0030940124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047831773,0.000028427914,0.21593851,0.000017984972,0.00003453851,8.3820524e-8,0.0005274937,0.779915,0.0025102214,0.000010019204,0.00047948648,0.000059944305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004226527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006214485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16564028,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011677278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002993007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2748268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962962534","doi":"10.1109/tvcg.2018.2859931","title":"Continuous-Scale Kinetic Fluid Simulation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"ShanghaiTech University; University of British Columbia; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Computer science; Initialization; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Relaxation (psychology); Graphics; Computational fluid dynamics; Computational science; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.016898650979149155,"score_gpt":0.26902136029502965,"score_spread":0.2521227093158805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2962962534","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0909329,0.000037387967,0.90738463,0.0000084576905,0.00071636593,0.00015687205,0.0000076218325,0.0004966889,0.00025906193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99904066,0.00009305574,0.000281402,0.00031169804,0.00015981145,0.000010371906,0.0000053338804,0.000034170236,0.00006347399],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918956,0.000033586966,0.00024845582,0.00019760213,0.00017426869,0.00015653679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994864,0.00008990007,0.000028520264,0.00015515913,0.00017292953,0.00006708881],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006769635,0.0001690353,0.00015842804,0.00022798058,0.00022877737,0.00007051472,0.000056116598,0.00008967907,0.000040179933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011752114,0.0001761039,0.000049168437,0.00040630883,0.00010534478,0.00016184874,0.0000013715328,0.000085264866,0.00003546486],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000663747,0.00025400324,0.0006739261,0.0001494202,0.00027816006,0.0000022955112,0.00509755,0.92875564,0.00034208386,0.039818656,0.0011138547,0.023448037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004288549,0.00013139292,0.0012223976,0.000025542175,0.0000343814,0.000002094581,0.000028605482,0.9924669,0.0015430811,0.00013167685,0.003789627,0.00019540718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030818471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000181848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90810776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016921671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048511056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7181309},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2963858427","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2019-0055","title":"Multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann simulation of natural convection with multiple heat sources in a rectangular cavity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Physics; Offset (computer science); Nusselt number; Natural convection; Convection; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.007771553928294616,"score_gpt":0.2044386094787862,"score_spread":0.19666705555049158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2963858427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971794,0.00033307675,0.0017343037,0.000029862227,0.0003066005,0.00020146553,0.000014945557,0.00001904901,0.0001813234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993892,0.00000291555,0.00036155322,0.000019190444,0.00012849114,0.0000014077467,0.0000070600736,0.0000310248,0.000059209608],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902755,0.00004493764,0.00038856908,0.00010659081,0.0002124358,0.00021992755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988909,0.0003288538,0.00016987293,0.00014356268,0.00033725446,0.00012956068],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017257486,0.00015550377,0.00032910623,0.00020715436,0.00005331383,0.000025975769,0.000101015925,0.00006653485,0.000022122746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013379216,0.0001451499,0.00007307183,0.00036357937,0.000051299437,0.0004593875,0.0000061107703,0.00026738024,0.000017155464],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031760792,0.000008038717,0.15638947,0.000046050332,0.00007475551,0.0000062417803,0.0017902158,0.8392548,0.0018533682,0.00001931729,0.000022126955,0.0005038485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017069317,0.000092002185,0.12595688,0.00018740584,0.0000517603,0.000008873167,0.00039894725,0.86813694,0.0027075831,0.000091194044,0.00043464205,0.00022682078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001392281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007238564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030432593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026580348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015080234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5919041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965875479","doi":"10.1108/hff-09-2018-0502","title":"Large eddy simulation of an axial pump with coupled flow rate calculation using the sharp interface immersed boundary method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Turbomachinery; Large eddy simulation; Stator; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Transient (computer programming); Momentum (technical analysis); Control volume; Turbulence; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Engineering","score_opus":0.03654228257852728,"score_gpt":0.3994634672016075,"score_spread":0.36292118462308026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2965875479","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14734988,0.00023720207,0.8500551,0.00015851295,0.0016843764,0.0004040552,0.000044791614,0.000038445567,0.000027632943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48872232,0.000008637771,0.5107727,0.00007253326,0.00032695153,0.000005748819,0.000020544303,0.000048563343,0.000021975764],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997277,0.0005126591,0.0010377509,0.00024411366,0.0006296253,0.00029883362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959181,0.0020446149,0.00031717948,0.00027206537,0.0013345963,0.0001134336],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025323045,0.00029333256,0.0006275778,0.00025702413,0.00011384395,0.0001047851,0.00042845344,0.0001210601,0.00012269571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004859931,0.0002095208,0.0002771485,0.00028875633,0.00006490079,0.000745252,0.00006764498,0.00032942224,0.0000053958393],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00080595893,0.000078362005,0.00020482221,0.000035297213,0.0006503902,0.0000018127357,0.00096208823,0.9312629,0.056711465,0.000037427344,0.000016716729,0.009232757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023118723,0.00023865841,0.00071618543,0.00010148636,0.00016170164,0.000046656594,0.00020263715,0.986237,0.00460659,0.0003259911,0.0048184865,0.00023277289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015956299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032536507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34137243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002824234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008981982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85440105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965919244","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2019.491","title":"Flow dynamics and heat transfer in partially porous microchannel heat sinks","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Heat transfer; Porous medium; Microchannel; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Thermal; Heat sink; Materials science; Porosity; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.008075623204494464,"score_gpt":0.20734276832253357,"score_spread":0.1992671451180391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2965919244","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93609756,0.0019212352,0.06047184,0.00024502582,0.00091726636,0.00014845008,0.000009865256,0.00003385863,0.00015488274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99817455,0.000637315,0.00091536,0.00010685801,0.000093294686,8.9345576e-7,0.000001715183,0.000037119793,0.000032867785],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988971,0.000023585544,0.0005088661,0.00010792006,0.00022560505,0.00023693516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995974,0.00006707858,0.000013096548,0.0001239298,0.0001129216,0.00008563053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003062429,0.00017054054,0.0003802698,0.0001635942,0.000024416702,0.000032274405,0.00010376562,0.00012028504,0.000030854928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017817041,0.00015703321,0.000076092256,0.00013795035,0.0000075934195,0.00024143513,0.000022936598,0.000285494,0.00001544536],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010997356,0.000059129186,0.0005297986,0.00016509164,0.00016329631,0.000072563525,0.001625128,0.86964273,0.12403696,0.0011836701,0.00023394337,0.0021777388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013020863,0.00014853136,0.0003565044,0.00010511309,0.00004317533,0.00012661252,0.00029062122,0.9903124,0.006563177,0.00029799883,0.00026410667,0.0001896617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000469111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011715276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12066971,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014921254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002671446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64036286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969439716","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23634","title":"Comparison of finite volume and lattice Boltzmann methods for multicomponent flow simulations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Finite volume method; Surface tension; Computation; Solver; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Volume of fluid method; Thermodynamics; Numerical diffusion; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Algorithm","score_opus":0.0285664093156875,"score_gpt":0.3026602068356232,"score_spread":0.27409379751993573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2969439716","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90583783,0.0019254341,0.09113609,0.0002498844,0.00048090707,0.00024662766,0.0000278733,0.000028602812,0.00006673152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95572513,0.0000016508808,0.04413596,0.000013462231,0.000076824006,0.0000018423613,0.00000241519,0.000026843716,0.000015888585],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919903,0.00001344206,0.00042215872,0.000064891094,0.000094343835,0.00020613421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99855405,0.0009090024,0.000082894374,0.00012930122,0.00014840027,0.00017637984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026694415,0.00012317825,0.0003357069,0.000124073,0.00003938481,0.000026326432,0.00014432902,0.00006335208,0.000018732819],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031633442,0.00010340278,0.000077524965,0.0001088875,0.000037791255,0.00009778218,0.000013721123,0.00021600135,0.000002009682],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000049824444,0.000003334806,0.001229953,0.00009855553,0.00010107483,3.4393466e-7,0.0007277021,0.96860564,0.028045915,0.0001181979,0.000056847548,0.0010074632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037764336,0.000017611292,0.0007475665,0.00005898456,0.00006522903,0.0000048719853,0.000028330678,0.98022133,0.014274912,0.00007400803,0.004017777,0.00011171632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042417705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026067479,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04988726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008837453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004204651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4216643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2976762349","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2019-0120","title":"The investigation of the viscous fingering phenomenon of immiscible fluids displacement by the Lattice Boltzmann method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Viscous fingering; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Viscosity; Wetting; Surface tension; Physics; Microchannel; Reynolds number; Capillary number; Mechanics; Viscous liquid; Displacement (psychology); Thermodynamics; Capillary action; Materials science; Porous medium; Composite material; Porosity","score_opus":0.013161080907284878,"score_gpt":0.23334471847644206,"score_spread":0.22018363756915718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2976762349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854872,0.002569905,0.007397772,0.0010084383,0.00096139224,0.0003096232,0.00003323056,0.000007958004,0.0022244304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999249,0.000026934686,0.0003105558,0.00005591313,0.00010489072,0.0000019456702,7.8114573e-7,0.00002017381,0.00022985025],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990494,0.000071587616,0.00038103593,0.00006125083,0.00024724074,0.0001894727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989134,0.00030316898,0.00024593977,0.00027341925,0.00017839081,0.00008567555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053858757,0.00010970412,0.00018981809,0.00003076068,0.00016504458,0.000034860794,0.00034218066,0.000027443602,0.0000092621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004528289,0.000061599385,0.00009177005,0.00023781041,0.00011284079,0.00014317475,0.000025381732,0.00021169867,0.000003156121],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002388965,0.000016135946,0.015978456,0.0003232138,0.0008790432,0.0000016267308,0.018673351,0.8332202,0.09496948,0.012195971,0.011954864,0.011763793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049077887,0.00070970453,0.082412675,0.001948341,0.0015222267,0.000048282433,0.020739581,0.30110782,0.4417919,0.03275003,0.11035917,0.0017025067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033000426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044780775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53211236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000121291596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018257914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.251195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977310322","doi":"10.1103/physreve.100.042405","title":"Why antiplectic metachronal cilia waves are optimal to transport bronchial mucus","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Compute Canada; Aix-Marseille Université","keywords":"Cilium; Mechanics; Physics; Mucus; Vortex; Mechanism (biology); Lubrication; Classical mechanics; Biology","score_opus":0.016005981368499005,"score_gpt":0.2926471573025547,"score_spread":0.2766411759340557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2977310322","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9830324,0.0079044495,0.00217133,0.0007928258,0.0004178565,0.00086308207,0.000032480555,0.00034479628,0.004440771],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997315,0.0006189544,0.0004674048,0.0010588227,0.00031447798,0.000038880007,0.000010677426,0.000045344965,0.00013043084],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874884,0.000027282971,0.00027932983,0.0002859658,0.000340275,0.00031832085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993557,0.000104946055,0.00003984136,0.00030567206,0.00006840229,0.00012545654],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009356222,0.0002489217,0.00062431657,0.000038726906,0.00004262926,0.000014994239,0.00016582732,0.0000261828,0.0001739318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048676204,0.00021297148,0.00022852219,0.00029859736,0.00002378309,0.00018140432,0.000034698085,0.0001765245,0.0011710343],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026386368,0.0015204493,0.0541932,0.031164167,0.0036639287,0.0001107258,0.004785624,0.6145911,0.07114564,0.014289788,0.16667737,0.03759411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002177456,0.000422959,0.21295166,0.0034245607,0.0012679974,0.000013875671,0.000100733116,0.09047614,0.006687687,0.000986711,0.67886966,0.00262058],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000055068804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067368774,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.524115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055188855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012630624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99960667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2977454527","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2019.09.017","title":"A simplified finite volume lattice Boltzmann method for simulations of fluid flows from laminar to turbulent regime, Part I: Numerical framework and its application to laminar flow simulation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Laminar flow; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Finite volume method; Turbulence; Discretization; Unstructured grid; Grid; Mathematics; Reynolds number; Couette flow; Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Temporal discretization; Incompressible flow; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.017537059229619643,"score_gpt":0.2809278563419459,"score_spread":0.26339079711232627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2977454527","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.032118976,0.000113161834,0.9621484,0.00047904757,0.00006856411,0.0044854493,0.00022794737,0.00027090212,0.00008753985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4152215,0.000006130766,0.5833342,0.00015811552,0.00011489516,0.0008920288,0.000110439316,0.000074665724,0.00008801544],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800503,0.0000347481,0.000721149,0.00056676124,0.00033489979,0.00033741177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99540544,0.0028877556,0.00019369058,0.00085829507,0.00044067163,0.00021416614],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020676528,0.00036596597,0.0006004459,0.00020995837,0.0001661317,0.0000652214,0.0003055029,0.00015503739,0.00001790476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012015135,0.00036798633,0.000081036516,0.0007257406,0.000021894095,0.00016644597,0.00011784665,0.00014860391,0.00018603403],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031011718,0.00012316236,0.00006275376,0.0002853414,0.00013756444,1.776476e-7,0.0021027375,0.98767376,0.00068430894,0.004329179,0.00022648979,0.0043435167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046231155,0.0001237748,0.0002235864,0.00018288169,0.00018223425,0.0000013136219,0.00014510826,0.9719438,0.00030962654,0.0040293564,0.021999184,0.00039681286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000041917224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039897736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38310254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008720721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023729794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2978357401","doi":"10.1103/physreve.100.043302","title":"Hybridized method of pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann and cubic-plus-association equation of state assesses thermodynamic characteristics of associating fluids","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Pseudopotential; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Equation of state; Thermodynamics; Isotropy; Spurious relationship; Physics; Lattice (music); Statistical physics; Materials science; Mathematics; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015216023294699272,"score_gpt":0.3121397828520601,"score_spread":0.29692375955736083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2978357401","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98234993,0.0013123403,0.01499836,0.00003614062,0.00011774455,0.0004115752,0.0000694472,0.00004413951,0.00066030095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99486667,0.0027369612,0.0022403086,0.000015326472,0.000044808043,0.000009990451,0.000024547535,0.00002920074,0.000032176125],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838126,0.0001741129,0.00068836997,0.00015943921,0.0004254292,0.00017141078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975642,0.0011670886,0.0006651814,0.00019804756,0.00037521368,0.000030271667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007466307,0.0001676069,0.00091783557,0.000048016638,0.000022638971,0.0000094224815,0.00009776815,0.00003887498,0.00001176461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006884387,0.00015745239,0.00014088307,0.000222463,0.000021656006,0.00020521652,0.00006345179,0.00012855357,0.0000091354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059387286,0.0002819498,0.029988257,0.018856429,0.00139768,7.7774e-7,0.0020393115,0.006334479,0.90165484,0.004780886,0.000099152225,0.034506857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013900981,0.00012758448,0.12990361,0.002000806,0.00097028736,7.133169e-7,0.00009820735,0.827951,0.033778396,0.0032164324,0.00011486105,0.00044797524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001748913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011390725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8678764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000104253544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025656343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6420722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2983223985","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2019-0155","title":"Numerical investigation for flow over a square rod through a passive control method at various Reynolds numbers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Physics; Hele-Shaw flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Drag coefficient; Drag; Square (algebra); Rod; Open-channel flow; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.014376643918499679,"score_gpt":0.24951028550369592,"score_spread":0.23513364158519623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2983223985","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22548904,0.0005760665,0.76790273,0.0009774519,0.0020793814,0.00083605363,0.00019735577,0.00006619157,0.001875768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871286,0.0000030688777,0.011868158,0.00042796976,0.00039575406,0.000008217298,0.0000074496043,0.00004445801,0.00011629457],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991046,0.00003775807,0.0003056938,0.00010995493,0.00016362475,0.00027837744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895585,0.00024254662,0.0001511302,0.00014326628,0.00025494336,0.00025228088],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001097641,0.00015528606,0.00033465947,0.000050872542,0.00009307768,0.000039423598,0.000110139335,0.00007712743,0.000055359447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007492642,0.00015116803,0.00015634765,0.00016803012,0.00003028747,0.00032449627,0.000005133145,0.00017458653,0.00003101125],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002844848,0.000006424688,0.008533549,0.00010448825,0.0004533899,0.00001879908,0.0053335153,0.96495646,0.00050377,0.0023036362,0.014637372,0.003120127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007942933,0.0004004569,0.016868498,0.00029142728,0.0005433611,0.000074496245,0.0006948645,0.8620226,0.0028694856,0.027325723,0.0799306,0.0010355612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004681037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092396606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7616396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005078316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025949517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6164453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985170511","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2019.109089","title":"A moving immersed boundary method for simulating particle interactions at fluid-fluid interfaces","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Singular boundary method; Boundary value problem; Boundary conditions in CFD; Mechanics; Boundary knot method; Mathematical analysis; No-slip condition; Mathematics; Quadratic equation; Free boundary problem; Robin boundary condition; Physics; Mixed boundary condition; Boundary element method; Geometry; Finite element method","score_opus":0.026998572156379064,"score_gpt":0.3256440265917866,"score_spread":0.2986454544354075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985170511","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54142517,0.000121327816,0.45753774,0.00010673894,0.00046602616,0.000105435625,0.000007168756,0.00003012561,0.00020024645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9489992,0.000002523477,0.05046626,0.000089135996,0.00029713265,0.0000030538297,0.0000057255484,0.000029557137,0.00010740035],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989501,0.00003318256,0.000500775,0.00009459269,0.00026393007,0.00015740696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979007,0.0013547555,0.00021155899,0.00007665831,0.00040503946,0.000051274612],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022655123,0.00013033515,0.00026283247,0.00005382628,0.00012118829,0.00006384583,0.000093883544,0.000023696379,0.000035266556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005765719,0.00012558441,0.00015180618,0.00013610539,0.000018921613,0.00053408986,0.000044512246,0.00013197787,0.00003550528],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050731032,0.000026602054,0.000568156,0.000051919807,0.00022886184,7.878393e-7,0.0009375772,0.9758839,0.017124794,0.00049966126,0.0005988471,0.0040281536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087156304,0.00006204497,0.0013022877,0.00006118628,0.000050059887,0.000011542163,0.0002906785,0.9829468,0.0048589134,0.0072829677,0.002128991,0.00013295776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.215694e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.4807095e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40757403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017079539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037407808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51211834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985923045","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2019.10.014","title":"A simplified finite volume lattice Boltzmann method for simulations of fluid flows from laminar to turbulent regime, Part II: Extension towards turbulent flow simulation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Turbulence; Laminar flow; Finite volume method; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence modeling; Mathematics; Reynolds number; Discretization; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.025304337886877682,"score_gpt":0.2802459151430827,"score_spread":0.25494157725620503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985923045","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06757328,0.00011144134,0.9275064,0.0004535598,0.0001301558,0.003473719,0.00021008539,0.0003536645,0.0001876898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.32330707,0.000011421518,0.67516863,0.00015745596,0.00015403389,0.00050840346,0.00026092856,0.00010524713,0.00032684783],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976426,0.000037929698,0.00090075814,0.00057299074,0.00045453286,0.0003912086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961006,0.001612896,0.0002584934,0.0011954952,0.00065861683,0.00017390845],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026514012,0.00043171426,0.0006979504,0.00023865611,0.00024684865,0.00006635875,0.000364341,0.00014734126,0.00004793482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000774039,0.0004083897,0.00015762038,0.00057543704,0.000036749156,0.00020544259,0.00014539984,0.000148384,0.00013639878],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032818753,0.00019950281,0.000017497025,0.0002869449,0.00021065628,5.292447e-7,0.0021794364,0.99023336,0.00074289466,0.0009907957,0.001036039,0.0040695113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009001656,0.00015362565,0.00016271451,0.00023680576,0.0002661558,0.0000024322078,0.00015815905,0.9612816,0.00045885466,0.0025439889,0.03339437,0.0004411504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009177963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007664509,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25573376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001274964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044910106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998368},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2987238117","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2019.10.035","title":"Validation of the pressure drop–flow rate relationship predicted by lattice Boltzmann simulations for immiscible liquid–liquid flows through SMX static mixers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laminar flow; Reynolds number; Pressure drop; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Dimensionless quantity; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Breakage; Coalescence (physics); Two-phase flow; Volumetric flow rate; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Physics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.012066786154041435,"score_gpt":0.22039713041905634,"score_spread":0.2083303442650149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2987238117","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.836264,0.00041293498,0.15884805,0.00027766378,0.00024887442,0.0028392372,0.0006983842,0.00015500281,0.00025581373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99884206,0.00006954103,0.0002948402,0.000022783814,0.000036209614,0.00015619976,0.00021398765,0.000042473355,0.0003219013],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880326,0.00007419931,0.00041496396,0.00027382685,0.0002330681,0.00020069325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938655,0.000171808,0.00015889262,0.00021617275,0.000031049116,0.00003550952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020668573,0.00020444697,0.00020459536,0.00004154813,0.0003494963,0.000023582497,0.00009619865,0.00012983313,0.00005717523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007306313,0.00017882869,0.000058644913,0.00018885711,0.000077994555,0.0006824095,0.000042579464,0.00018510182,0.0000066588254],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041102487,0.000043522963,0.00085433567,0.00057228823,0.0000967672,2.4421142e-8,0.0013937174,0.97811204,0.018374177,0.00002570967,0.00002415833,0.000092219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014398006,0.00027016996,0.0033150886,0.00009756328,0.00020691312,0.0000016382976,0.00057512615,0.95816094,0.031771712,0.0006202,0.0032490832,0.00029177737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010155258,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029499256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16257803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007918112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011133949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7292422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989865809","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2018-0753","title":"Mixed convection analysis of cilia-driven flow of a Jeffrey fluid in a vertical tube","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Reynolds number; Fluid motion; Flow (mathematics); Newtonian fluid; Tube (container); Combined forced and natural convection; Convection; Classical mechanics; Natural convection; Turbulence; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.015828075795068043,"score_gpt":0.21347602416100556,"score_spread":0.19764794836593752,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2989865809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964369,0.0001407288,0.0027325456,0.000022455213,0.0002469507,0.00005304014,0.000020007461,0.0000038294334,0.00034357695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997003,0.000007408381,0.00021622675,0.0000100126845,0.000041750794,4.675088e-7,0.0000027031526,0.000010497184,0.000010650363],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992308,0.00002321823,0.00039737808,0.00005789202,0.00014599354,0.00014472443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938023,0.00008125414,0.000065213244,0.00012408661,0.0002224088,0.00012681352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010675988,0.00008195379,0.00041343202,0.0003567371,0.000011201385,0.000006516613,0.0000907594,0.000043145395,0.000056285804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049647544,0.00008301744,0.00015596965,0.0007234878,0.00003907504,0.00012554388,0.0000054884526,0.000121341414,0.0000040401496],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000094614525,0.000011150209,0.07349937,0.000044042437,0.0006667576,0.000007844323,0.0012383488,0.9181765,0.0050361822,0.00038408863,0.00016240355,0.0007638685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009180114,0.000092399576,0.15874277,0.00010380876,0.0006290356,0.0000031908862,0.00044274496,0.8301862,0.008196695,0.00021683196,0.00030369346,0.00016462976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066433614,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0077372114,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0879903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014659786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015145053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43175456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990169643","doi":"10.1103/physreve.95.063309","title":"Lattice Boltzmann simulations of heat transfer in fully developed periodic incompressible flows","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Western Canada Research Grid; Compute Canada","keywords":"Periodic boundary conditions; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer; Compressibility; Mechanics; Heat flux; Physics; Incompressible flow; Boundary value problem; Statistical physics; Thermal; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.040318095946920006,"score_gpt":0.34049400731762886,"score_spread":0.30017591137070887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2990169643","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857277,0.0058563994,0.0011751581,0.0003154758,0.00012124838,0.0004875413,0.000026253703,0.00009859501,0.0061916285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99780357,0.001601784,0.0003281667,0.00007611374,0.00008724404,0.000034446217,0.000007978717,0.00003119791,0.000029511431],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885195,0.000041771476,0.00043184718,0.00019871739,0.00023836333,0.00023733352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990598,0.00019179551,0.000025610501,0.0005566472,0.000100901736,0.00006524125],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013355273,0.0002021544,0.00059478503,0.00005545864,0.00014836287,0.00003742079,0.000303117,0.000035596375,0.000044235792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019769481,0.00018180213,0.00012189711,0.0001594804,0.000072647905,0.00036340894,0.00007169671,0.00017909052,0.000080208505],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101369325,0.0013037478,0.05465857,0.021111498,0.00083194725,0.0000449589,0.007848759,0.79767853,0.06709805,0.013779885,0.0023858459,0.033156827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001976709,0.00005961586,0.20816587,0.003987239,0.00031139463,0.000001963687,0.000037685644,0.7442124,0.005372156,0.0023759105,0.0325279,0.00097116735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025025336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009297083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1535073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040701016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026407566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7413676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992226012","doi":"","title":"A perfectly matched layer technique for lattice Boltzmann method","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian acoustics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Perfectly matched layer; Computational physics; Gaussian; Physics; Boundary value problem; Distribution function; Kinetic energy; Statistical physics; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.033268491444336475,"score_gpt":0.27583063681812625,"score_spread":0.24256214537378978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992226012","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.028061913,0.00035787458,0.9609743,0.0002799389,0.0005010807,0.0010221071,0.00024968747,0.0005052773,0.008047815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.86872035,0.000039303508,0.12874363,0.0005274307,0.00023757842,0.00018871506,0.000019109146,0.00009961075,0.0014242504],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890673,0.000018900266,0.00023704291,0.00020206683,0.0001255173,0.00050973945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890023,0.00027962454,0.000027046271,0.00029499174,0.0001761974,0.00032189378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018710118,0.00021512974,0.00026769147,0.00020468202,0.00024477352,0.000024104364,0.00016254984,0.0001691536,0.000048876977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001787578,0.00023763809,0.00007666201,0.00022497968,0.000047319656,0.00009540103,0.000016683227,0.00017954748,0.00007594569],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003093493,0.00004908704,0.0024217241,0.0009310862,0.0006866741,0.00035918047,0.0050392714,0.5066254,0.1990767,0.0036297464,0.27721164,0.0039385576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024225013,0.00018994628,0.038233984,0.00013759441,0.0006594193,0.00046297204,0.001085843,0.68495184,0.020935675,0.0032297191,0.24474731,0.002943213],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001358556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018685047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8406584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037262822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020722668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96905994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2997365418","doi":"10.1063/5.0037123","title":"Droplet impact of Newtonian fluids and blood on simple fabrics: Effect of fabric pore size and underlying substrate","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"National Supercomputing Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Penetration (warfare); Newtonian fluid; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Non-Newtonian fluid; Viscous liquid; Substrate (aquarium); Volume (thermodynamics)","score_opus":0.018674619301842308,"score_gpt":0.2801942268434847,"score_spread":0.2615196075416424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2997365418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99736565,0.0010450756,0.00083833997,0.000009335935,0.000033222386,0.0001242442,0.000060201593,0.000039277395,0.00048466763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999467,0.00016784342,0.0002689325,0.000004620139,0.000031487907,0.0000031118786,0.000012963025,0.000033827877,0.000010225741],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999063,0.000040814775,0.00032248924,0.00018068509,0.00020354653,0.00018943273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988863,0.0006163056,0.00006764815,0.00025000802,0.00011941271,0.000060365852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011869968,0.00021405637,0.0005315478,0.000046529934,0.00003732002,0.000016352287,0.00006485429,0.00005545852,0.000008839858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007922519,0.00019507494,0.00011996747,0.00028731316,0.00009359822,0.00013405879,0.00005844073,0.000098799435,6.7940493e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042496562,0.00009172963,0.07973129,0.0012611359,0.00089059374,0.000011717248,0.0012595837,0.021419998,0.88922155,0.0007427032,0.00006190082,0.0052653174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035081515,0.0012544596,0.36367986,0.00028111186,0.0005938281,0.000012621155,0.00023989758,0.044296533,0.58273125,0.002841205,0.00002037144,0.00054071227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044277018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031805216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30649027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020936428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002665957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79549253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2998994544","doi":"10.1002/aic.16919","title":"Pore‐scale modeling of competition and cooperation of multispecies biofilms for nutrients in changing environments","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofilm; Microorganism; Ammonium; Environmental chemistry; Bioreactor; Competition (biology); Chemistry; Photobioreactor; Growth rate; Biomass (ecology); Nitrification; Nitrite; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Ecology; Nitrate; Bacteria; Biology; Nitrogen","score_opus":0.02595295704562941,"score_gpt":0.23226591157204524,"score_spread":0.20631295452641582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2998994544","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89450055,0.00029666224,0.104912825,0.00007823692,0.000044541415,0.00010118918,0.000012097962,0.00000689375,0.000047000143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99750584,0.00026006353,0.0021449297,0.000018605682,0.00004522311,0.000002363441,0.000008113612,0.00000884775,0.000006027046],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995222,0.000008975085,0.00024771466,0.000049975402,0.00008744922,0.000083656436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998403,0.000027101547,0.000050715116,0.000027253116,0.000027155273,0.000027444894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010223362,0.0000553392,0.0001315873,0.00007491862,0.000033423104,0.0000074657037,0.000024126062,0.00002598795,0.000004898555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023060686,0.000054293265,0.000020780702,0.00009606198,0.000015028806,0.00013189392,0.000016160959,0.00006144007,4.253481e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002834048,0.000022093755,0.0058252895,0.00010084605,0.000035174347,8.4934356e-7,0.0050916495,0.93698364,0.051257763,0.00014791134,0.000026009004,0.00048040715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089142175,0.00003600077,0.0016426842,0.000056347337,0.000013388329,0.0000025968786,0.0008744055,0.987562,0.008666347,0.000032650012,0.00016603556,0.000056131958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.57287e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011377439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.103005275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018906712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027598767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2214015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005980867","doi":"10.1142/s0129183120500709","title":"Comparison of existing and extended boundary conditions for the simulation of rarefied gas flows using the Lattice Boltzmann method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Boundary value problem; Statistical physics; Computation; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Convergence (economics); Kinetic theory; Mechanics; Boltzmann constant; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Theoretical physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.15350563255213406,"score_gpt":0.4192026171246037,"score_spread":0.26569698457246965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005980867","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1762646,0.00063180825,0.82216626,0.00042939727,0.00021752715,0.00012889609,0.00004732153,0.000011242785,0.00010292239],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98812723,0.000015001155,0.01141075,0.00006492724,0.00035500113,0.0000021282065,0.0000046867412,0.000017654505,0.000002648557],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890023,0.00004236461,0.0005445145,0.00007075685,0.00036329444,0.000078835175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971742,0.0015700379,0.00044001237,0.0000788265,0.00070970954,0.000027222171],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025640542,0.00009930972,0.00024851103,0.00003535445,0.000098905504,0.000037583482,0.0002160116,0.000026536753,0.0000033167455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001909728,0.00006972412,0.00011352123,0.000074545685,0.00006424402,0.00022620709,0.000052090847,0.00015102193,1.9927532e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064020576,0.000026640828,0.0002961306,0.000037496677,0.00046190352,4.6583546e-7,0.0034386667,0.97388494,0.010768755,0.0014106224,0.00003724735,0.009573132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054312125,0.0000324985,0.00073980563,0.00005294075,0.00015945508,0.000003781447,0.00044880123,0.98222095,0.0033852095,0.012063938,0.00028748126,0.00006202677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025602824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012859543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8118626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003080384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029566545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2843267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3006247459","doi":"10.1140/epje/i2020-11936-1","title":"Drag force on a particle straddling a fluid interface: Influence of interfacial deformations","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The European Physical Journal E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Viscosity; Parasitic drag; Drag coefficient; Physics; Two-phase flow; Classical mechanics; Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.023892453195438073,"score_gpt":0.25747968376035585,"score_spread":0.23358723056491779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3006247459","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877017,0.000029949671,0.0045435084,0.0003985402,0.000049115504,0.000061395265,0.0000043589207,0.000084052444,0.0071273614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993997,0.0000077754885,0.000034346587,0.000118032105,0.00040752898,6.241425e-7,2.2479266e-7,0.000022444228,0.000009288626],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924713,0.00010039551,0.0002662685,0.00006216795,0.00018046367,0.00014358354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995841,0.00010351937,0.0000643663,0.00010695467,0.000059845224,0.00008125247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014912273,0.000102891805,0.00013540749,0.000015224974,0.000107498,0.00004654831,0.00023134907,0.00000716007,0.000003974485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009582726,0.00006836036,0.00007443197,0.00014011905,0.000058499296,0.00021574082,0.00007055845,0.0002962834,0.00017897702],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024766478,0.000018822378,0.00002156402,0.0000151081285,0.00005506882,0.0000034180755,0.009504464,0.9436531,0.04237877,0.00028427708,0.00024372803,0.0037969223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020688628,0.00081818,0.015008128,0.00040671855,0.00018306541,0.000048121074,0.0029153174,0.89113325,0.08130468,0.0033010247,0.0021717881,0.0006408514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.7601806e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.1286077e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052519828,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019600193,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056095796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27876544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008952873","doi":"10.33564/ijeast.2019.v04i08.003","title":"APPLICATION OF LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL TO SIMULATE DIFFERENT TEST CASES IN TWO DIMENSIONAL ENCLOSURE","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Mitacs; Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Enclosure; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Lattice (music); Mechanics; Physics; Computer science; Acoustics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011010018978205626,"score_gpt":0.2670480890693258,"score_spread":0.2560380700911202,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008952873","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98668414,0.00016693068,0.01240051,0.0002633857,0.00017435504,0.000108426975,0.000005603639,0.00004081526,0.00015580171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958497,0.000014668735,0.0040663485,0.000018144068,0.000029521932,0.0000055131095,5.587352e-7,0.0000093621,0.0000061788114],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990799,0.0000020341718,0.00036682878,0.00012708941,0.00028924993,0.00013492223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942344,0.0002301683,0.000089452806,0.0000788384,0.0001424094,0.00003567846],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017367047,0.000111609676,0.00021786209,0.0006640369,0.000016138214,0.000015806758,0.000273398,0.000045941382,0.0000031011773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007256258,0.00009578082,0.000024030243,0.00032133443,0.00005267031,0.000094656076,0.00008721907,0.00014943602,0.0000032152723],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000069503553,0.000021934442,0.013073781,0.000012035827,0.000024992754,0.0000032995283,0.00006225199,0.93521917,0.043888297,0.006657318,0.0000047539065,0.0010252001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047068612,0.00006053875,0.003961804,0.000054163225,0.000008075074,0.00003424584,0.000051817104,0.98843646,0.00540098,0.0013170023,0.00009313916,0.000111112946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030951978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005114183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05321725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013778475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39058286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011966730","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2019-0504","title":"Effects of a centered conducting body on natural convection of a non-Newtonian fluid in a square enclosure with time-periodic temperature distribution","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Rayleigh number; Heat transfer; Natural convection; Thermodynamics; Film temperature; Mechanics; Thermal conductivity; Heat transfer coefficient; Thermal conduction; Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer enhancement; Churchill–Bernstein equation; Materials science; Nusselt number; Reynolds number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.00843696657080851,"score_gpt":0.20233493274469225,"score_spread":0.19389796617388375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011966730","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989549,0.00027984098,0.00025863585,0.00011611964,0.00015180156,0.0001524021,0.000049329952,0.00000782048,0.000029139663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99973774,0.0000038239295,0.00005591669,0.000032256714,0.00013454132,0.0000013294923,0.000013814283,0.000017252165,0.0000033247736],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930763,0.000030070949,0.00027922017,0.000078738114,0.00014723849,0.00015707864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937445,0.000057098718,0.00015007911,0.000062445586,0.00020705753,0.0001488546],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000052637908,0.0001298885,0.00031599548,0.00006830701,0.00004022461,0.000016692233,0.00007528837,0.00005189719,0.0000038371427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007150297,0.0001143784,0.00006581509,0.00034229443,0.00004930071,0.00016430605,0.0000041068447,0.00029844252,0.0000015041871],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029191625,0.00007049988,0.0227489,0.0019386039,0.00057655416,0.0002266995,0.017414441,0.12883864,0.8250586,0.000131741,0.0014184844,0.001284948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009365557,0.0025029357,0.14141266,0.0049630534,0.00038223376,0.00007325272,0.003020476,0.101725005,0.7349674,0.0000704619,0.00059248164,0.0009244687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014117685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030004946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.118663765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015664566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018316225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4664216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015540957","doi":"10.1063/1.5142669","title":"Predicting the interaction between nanoparticles in shear flow using lattice Boltzmann method and Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Western Canada Research Grid; Compute Canada","keywords":"DLVO theory; Lattice Boltzmann methods; van der Waals force; Nanoparticle; Chemical physics; Physics; Classical mechanics; Statistical physics; Colloid; Nanotechnology; Mechanics; Materials science; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.04494738782833981,"score_gpt":0.3026293978549293,"score_spread":0.2576820100265895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3015540957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9091719,0.0004752788,0.08953422,0.00016713461,0.000090021465,0.00016393351,0.00001701467,0.000104213934,0.0002762787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929603,0.000028732891,0.006624162,0.00007459773,0.00026736673,0.0000053183753,0.0000032406522,0.00003389123,0.00000240052],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897903,0.00012189045,0.00032741964,0.0001817831,0.00019005906,0.0001998217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886066,0.0008272248,0.000053385742,0.00015137282,0.00005391983,0.000053458418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036338094,0.00016128526,0.00028079405,0.000031942996,0.00008806135,0.00003657283,0.00011013475,0.00004383681,0.000005175449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001349942,0.00013728051,0.000051016304,0.00025499845,0.00006000328,0.0003809029,0.00010312957,0.0002070579,0.000004813698],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008550284,0.0000422053,0.07803537,0.0004533157,0.0004387697,0.000003792413,0.031302135,0.75258917,0.102135345,0.0016524163,0.000083752966,0.033178244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048358442,0.000036885725,0.013606486,0.000080667494,0.00014378216,0.0000012606317,0.0012874466,0.94963473,0.031120952,0.0032675217,0.00015457427,0.0001821138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029476632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021017677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19704558,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035753666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011259502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5598137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3017621097","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2020.115659","title":"Numerical simulations and modelling of mass transfer through random assemblies of catalyst particles: From dilute to dense reactive particulate regime","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; University of British Columbia","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Mass transfer; Schmidt number; Sherwood number; Reynolds number; Mass transfer coefficient; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Materials science; Physics; Nusselt number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.03245596251757602,"score_gpt":0.24286525438862933,"score_spread":0.2104092918710533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3017621097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.621382,0.00009973167,0.37823272,0.00007473801,0.000023328945,0.00008295118,0.000013913081,0.000073664414,0.00001699578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842335,0.0000068333516,0.015686609,0.00001934809,0.000026463204,0.000006581733,0.0000021290468,0.000017935781,5.9789073e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989091,0.0000053082563,0.0003281895,0.00025210212,0.00027770587,0.00022758875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924445,0.0003230857,0.000020781501,0.00016016023,0.0000963508,0.00015517774],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000076810305,0.00014413062,0.00031702887,0.000043096035,0.00003270905,0.000020345564,0.00014666756,0.000040420993,0.0000029397415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025580727,0.00013863419,0.00004386493,0.0006463782,0.00013721231,0.00031061738,0.00003700158,0.00009942585,0.0000023407215],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012648123,0.00000441128,0.00009695147,0.000024176217,0.00001611988,4.982652e-7,0.0018698523,0.55643797,0.44144154,0.00007135523,0.0000016044978,0.000022886488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023270985,0.000007546211,0.00011080906,0.000026452582,0.000021783526,2.2164e-7,0.000038131686,0.5553169,0.444093,0.000051938277,0.000013413043,0.00008705466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013471373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.03607675e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36285153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030882005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000147885385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56533384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3018013346","doi":"","title":"On two-phase flow in a hydrophobic micro-channel","year":2017,"lang":"fr","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Channel (broadcasting); Phase (matter); Materials science; Open-channel flow; Computer science; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering; Telecommunications; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.020446307715799535,"score_gpt":0.26503424883775933,"score_spread":0.2445879411219598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3018013346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7085757,0.006931906,0.09821855,0.019838525,0.002426878,0.0018487744,0.0004141106,0.00073340995,0.16101214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9485702,0.0012838589,0.028945344,0.00009575589,0.000087105866,0.00016046224,0.00037666247,0.00017115155,0.02030948],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9928287,0.0034387184,0.0010725335,0.0012331088,0.00059364096,0.0008332904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908835,0.0027900694,0.00063289347,0.0039492096,0.0014459806,0.00029834654],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005010764,0.0008254792,0.0009383367,0.00046985285,0.0007019078,0.00064273056,0.0017768189,0.00050289434,0.000292734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020911978,0.00097906,0.00037958258,0.000375078,0.00043387804,0.00030009742,0.001516574,0.0014697318,0.0008171406],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024926278,0.006376135,0.0025246846,0.0019157621,0.0011746485,0.000293787,0.09250643,0.514278,0.024305485,0.22590268,0.006696064,0.12377708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007206841,0.000001976582,0.0053728637,0.0092928205,0.00016893233,0.000022773562,0.00021928814,0.8918179,0.035332046,0.024037639,0.024730949,0.0017959554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026517734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043682265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37753993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00067418296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022403085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022021067","doi":"10.1007/s10973-020-09789-3","title":"Analysis of unsteady mixed convection of Cu–water nanofluid in an oscillatory, lid-driven enclosure using lattice Boltzmann method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Enclosure; Mechanics; Heat transfer; Combined forced and natural convection; Laminar flow; Materials science; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer enhancement; Richardson number; Natural convection; Convection; Physics; Heat transfer coefficient; Buoyancy","score_opus":0.027397467926649526,"score_gpt":0.28717680162822357,"score_spread":0.259779333701574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022021067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97280747,0.00084563554,0.026104111,0.000034390483,0.00009014466,0.000045625955,0.000013947803,0.000011762342,0.00004692332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972062,0.0000603245,0.0025799812,0.000033318527,0.00009329421,3.559244e-7,0.0000049165214,0.000017116832,0.000004472462],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997969,0.00022440302,0.0010544677,0.00017414859,0.00040077633,0.00017724119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883235,0.00014013035,0.00038843064,0.00016562089,0.00034452684,0.00012894606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069680676,0.00018888309,0.0012059165,0.0011797182,0.000042645122,0.000024986173,0.00015346485,0.00011240482,0.00006691642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004667672,0.00014122759,0.0005212666,0.0023210477,0.000049978065,0.0003384324,0.000049495255,0.00020653811,6.402635e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006487678,0.00003969884,0.27951166,0.000059658916,0.0070118434,0.000007816723,0.001420296,0.5530337,0.1584588,0.000008547269,0.0000033538604,0.00037972757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006089294,0.00014584015,0.20215085,0.000023134879,0.015287771,0.0000028022203,0.0009029024,0.739603,0.041002724,0.0000099139115,0.0000533297,0.00020879872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010908962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005504425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18656927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005366872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016148042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5759094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022048689","doi":"10.5539/cis.v13n2p75","title":"An Efficient Acceleration of Solving Heat and Mass Transfer Equations with the Second Kind Boundary Conditions in Capillary Porous Radially Composite Cylinder Using Programmable Graphics Hardware","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer and Information Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Graphics processing unit; Computer science; CUDA; Heat transfer; Computational science; Mass transfer; Speedup; Graphics; General-purpose computing on graphics processing units; Mechanics; Parallel computing; Computer graphics (images); Physics","score_opus":0.021840906315861667,"score_gpt":0.24251994822138911,"score_spread":0.22067904190552745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022048689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62496275,0.0000600539,0.37449095,0.00011502433,0.00003291819,0.00020605113,0.000010485071,0.000030235968,0.000091553455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964417,0.000010710182,0.0031918255,0.00031268242,0.000017894245,0.0000053379977,0.000015507425,0.0000040741415,2.6562662e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992974,0.00001558782,0.00024112723,0.000098341574,0.00021590655,0.00013163185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962085,0.000049491275,0.000025824238,0.00008361289,0.00015751485,0.000062721796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020357448,0.00008890504,0.00010860999,0.00014659672,0.00036272896,0.000314651,0.00008983249,0.000024052742,0.0000033787614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000043194264,0.000068871195,0.000010217174,0.0005092247,0.00026997327,0.0026018254,0.000022961998,0.00008731904,4.503833e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064788355,0.0000067442475,0.001584703,0.00007731643,0.000009212358,3.6711984e-7,0.012487523,0.9818421,0.0023669368,0.0009271861,0.0000069133125,0.00068449526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036223826,0.00004870294,0.019199595,0.000020418624,0.000007831992,0.0000047486715,0.00033168436,0.97913116,0.0005526598,0.000013579241,0.00023620958,0.00009119294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000055217006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011363038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37147897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002249084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057031986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3034187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3028569171","doi":"10.1016/j.cpc.2020.107698","title":"LBfoam: An open-source software package for the simulation of foaming using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Physics Communications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Ontario; University of Toronto; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Autodesk","keywords":"Disjoining pressure; Coalescence (physics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Surface tension; Bubble; Computer science; Software package; Computational science; Software; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Simulation; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.1531090804762314,"score_gpt":0.3711047322812965,"score_spread":0.21799565180506508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3028569171","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010076392,0.00060085766,0.99638003,0.00085695204,0.00008514769,0.000737031,0.00003416795,0.00020995882,0.00008818986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.569856,0.000018782142,0.42937705,0.0004127192,0.0002023531,0.000042370706,0.000033904886,0.000051126965,0.0000057133216],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899167,0.00018384794,0.00034534637,0.00016833749,0.00014500065,0.0001657847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9941604,0.0036956626,0.00014656711,0.0016633535,0.0002873948,0.00004660976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031624976,0.00016750024,0.00024162368,0.0000183862,0.00071589474,0.00017197746,0.0018945382,0.00003978899,0.0000019537574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000077887744,0.00012565973,0.00008411864,0.0003613778,0.0001107593,0.0004819812,0.0011364947,0.00021360116,0.0000036658591],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000044462063,0.00003227069,0.00007041191,0.00003823889,0.00013627885,2.9589968e-8,0.0060040113,0.9557085,0.00024844715,0.0030738262,0.00015060461,0.034532946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027860096,0.000026990874,0.00036115333,0.000023046825,0.00013309982,3.4583218e-7,0.00034269356,0.98836213,0.00012386797,0.0012665212,0.008934866,0.00014665945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001759089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007157593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5688484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031394888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021758584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5506156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031693566","doi":"10.1038/s41598-020-65576-y","title":"Towards non-invasive computational-mechanics and imaging-based diagnostic framework for personalized cardiology for coarctation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coarctation of the aorta; Hemodynamics; Computer science; Blood flow; Cardiology; Medicine; Radiology; Internal medicine; Aorta","score_opus":0.023327941145849827,"score_gpt":0.2733365134885889,"score_spread":0.25000857234273904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3031693566","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017292686,0.0004013119,0.9779303,0.0010110008,0.0021877673,0.00092833553,0.000044889293,0.00016215186,0.000041557138],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9509846,0.0000031260265,0.048180234,0.00023348801,0.00013208884,0.00022032646,0.00020068421,0.000029112327,0.000016318081],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988369,0.00001376023,0.00031692977,0.00042471784,0.00020035195,0.00020736801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979664,0.0013191754,0.00010810277,0.00015069154,0.00036343947,0.000092161376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033823974,0.00013873204,0.00024845815,0.00006751615,0.00023265484,0.00011603917,0.000050348877,0.00005328382,0.0000053225717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025695418,0.00014219199,0.00009502906,0.00017674864,0.00008785016,0.00009703531,0.000022264985,0.00005839262,0.0000029177047],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031048832,0.000011642825,0.0025783575,0.00059511245,0.0001272376,0.000052275784,0.0024301882,0.97130114,0.00083854934,0.005322413,0.0149039095,0.001808115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050656276,0.000032443226,0.00071807427,0.000042291438,0.00008245205,0.000012241151,0.00028261775,0.9063638,0.0005720889,0.083212875,0.007965323,0.00020922204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010818625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014334416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9336919,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004069019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009706022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5798421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034338977","doi":"10.1103/physreve.103.013305","title":"Multiple-relaxation-time discrete Boltzmann modeling of multicomponent mixture with nonequilibrium effects","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Beijing Institute of Technology; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians","keywords":"Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Thermodynamics; Prandtl number; Boltzmann equation; Thermal conduction; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Kinetic energy; Boltzmann constant; Compressibility; Physics; Mechanics; Thermal conductivity; Relaxation (psychology); Instability; Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Heat transfer","score_opus":0.010095551198959034,"score_gpt":0.2638174118441077,"score_spread":0.2537218606451486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3034338977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9407047,0.02821017,0.027557885,0.00032596756,0.00016110722,0.0008601722,0.000028353033,0.00035274593,0.001798874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99683136,0.001028246,0.001756298,0.00006856034,0.00012595451,0.0000471394,0.000044247125,0.000052832052,0.000045349992],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987452,0.00006312785,0.00034216614,0.00026242522,0.0003456671,0.00024139346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884015,0.00040787924,0.000080868806,0.0003865024,0.00019642142,0.00008815154],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007732612,0.00025378683,0.0006604457,0.00002764189,0.00004330798,0.000015294929,0.00011350144,0.000033103133,0.000010951528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023864572,0.00019609189,0.00017177321,0.00026968177,0.00003727335,0.00018286805,0.000076629134,0.00017713937,0.00009776149],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002458571,0.00018707597,0.00068499084,0.006907573,0.00043398433,0.000021983698,0.00050067296,0.8992795,0.08967386,0.00041313737,0.00041249837,0.0014601732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000525239,0.000027007287,0.0008184667,0.0018621981,0.00021193645,0.0000023734895,0.000008200182,0.9880478,0.007629859,0.00013373538,0.00047211975,0.00026109323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003796012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018070076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0887683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037781356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015653632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7996395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039161970","doi":"10.25073/jaec.202042.279","title":"Computational Flow Analysis in Aerospace, Energy and Transportation Technologies with the Variational Multiscale Methods","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Advanced Engineering and Computation","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Army Research Office; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Council for Science, Technology and Innovation; Waseda University; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Aerodynamics; Computer science; Aerospace engineering; Aerospace; Marine engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.007461321371577359,"score_gpt":0.24290181389491844,"score_spread":0.2354404925233411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3039161970","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12333308,0.00083787955,0.875117,0.0005849766,0.000026008694,0.000033662403,0.0000028490442,0.000060454353,0.0000040691657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74158597,0.00006444544,0.258305,0.000015993195,0.000013441751,0.0000023811717,0.0000049334576,0.0000072453436,5.819791e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947715,0.000014377777,0.0002265528,0.00007803457,0.00013201965,0.000071845374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955314,0.00023544552,0.00007382052,0.000023868874,0.000086639484,0.000027085056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000100230754,0.00009470981,0.00019125568,0.0001541342,0.000032206175,0.000023472106,0.000034668345,0.000030344672,4.853808e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022678485,0.00007103704,0.000026735426,0.0004930554,0.00002092113,0.000194725,0.0000047687845,0.00010236005,4.4769195e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015897862,0.0000036574102,0.0007249909,0.000020303125,0.00015779336,0.0000022492952,0.0007969616,0.9758604,0.00024105729,0.00020279532,0.000008168834,0.021965723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048006373,0.00004154554,0.05316193,0.000014225877,0.000083867126,0.000004200017,0.0003365042,0.9453558,0.00008804144,0.00019543424,0.00016014733,0.000078250116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000011096763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066827347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6182529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019279303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061062697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28968063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3040986381","doi":"10.22541/au.159138740.06208843","title":"Coupled Temperature and Transport Effects on Biofilm Growth Using the Thermal Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilm; Cellular automaton; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermal; Materials science; Mass transport; Boltzmann constant; Mechanics; Exponential growth; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Biological system; Physics; Mathematics; Biology; Engineering physics; Bacteria","score_opus":0.024419899018805185,"score_gpt":0.27868631795709586,"score_spread":0.25426641893829066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3040986381","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666838,0.0021417947,0.01933744,0.001627573,0.0012972091,0.001741064,0.000055617766,0.0013823365,0.005733164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9855086,0.00012946452,0.012683207,0.0008661903,0.0004980222,0.00004737178,0.000028746661,0.00012917415,0.00010922144],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99827474,0.00012258711,0.00036652692,0.00054665917,0.00035872636,0.00033077464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985368,0.0007304926,0.00007386961,0.00044829384,0.00009858886,0.00011190723],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003246076,0.00058948866,0.000647964,0.000090022724,0.00019320879,0.00011391555,0.00028155936,0.00039965345,0.000026238136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059050664,0.00039618977,0.00016399783,0.00019636878,0.000057767247,0.00009048096,0.00019066408,0.0011850132,0.000013996051],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022006729,0.000076851364,0.005973108,0.0071859714,0.0040253466,0.00021034962,0.009869285,0.85578424,0.10731197,0.0058990354,0.0013028424,0.002140921],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014676488,0.00008605963,0.04771091,0.000544841,0.0012473516,0.000015692793,0.00039949446,0.91796046,0.02720317,0.001098723,0.0006916375,0.0015740182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058930294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000863622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0801088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006378141,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002997153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999849},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3041407811","doi":"10.1103/physreve.102.013306","title":"Mesoscopic method to study water flow in nanochannels with different wettability","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. E","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"China Scholarship Council; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Texas at Austin; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Mechanics; Wetting; Water flow; Flow (mathematics); Molecular dynamics; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Geology; Condensed matter physics; Composite material; Geotechnical engineering; Computational chemistry","score_opus":0.03256527346250175,"score_gpt":0.34195985676592805,"score_spread":0.3093945833034263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3041407811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848277,0.0008119427,0.011199175,0.001569538,0.00003372134,0.0012085867,0.000003497013,0.00015092484,0.00019492254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979528,0.000057843237,0.0010684062,0.0006188936,0.000090842834,0.00017823036,0.0000020847913,0.000026315549,0.0000045533425],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888045,0.00012886446,0.0002496373,0.0002831365,0.00022697015,0.00023094792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948984,0.00011274873,0.000012667574,0.0002272815,0.000035609446,0.00012186538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014685083,0.00020373729,0.0005906443,0.000018538047,0.000024433388,0.000012546313,0.00012604383,0.000011713551,0.000039166793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056381734,0.000117689546,0.000058654456,0.00022207094,0.000009325121,0.00006957411,0.000097010954,0.00014261056,0.00014541855],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035701517,0.0054125735,0.1123481,0.021058992,0.0020424807,0.00013813305,0.11698283,0.48322093,0.053351376,0.00070340506,0.0031114588,0.20127268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007623953,0.0034295607,0.31895947,0.0035834697,0.0014535912,0.0000029057974,0.0012625161,0.44462478,0.1910461,0.00416368,0.019812187,0.0040377984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030455847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006038202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20661137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040412575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027262051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47992402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081031656","doi":"10.1063/5.0021752","title":"Quantification of convective and diffusive transport during CO2 dissolution in oil: A numerical and analytical study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Convection; Dissolution; Physics; Convective mixing; Rayleigh number; Diffusion; Thermodynamics; Convection cell; Mechanics; Natural convection; Combined forced and natural convection; Chemistry","score_opus":0.024854687605277256,"score_gpt":0.2636590085135326,"score_spread":0.23880432090825532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081031656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942673,0.00010261001,0.005366497,0.000054234788,0.000011554684,0.00009869472,0.000009706731,0.00002422969,0.000065185195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998713,0.000031993084,0.000056848574,0.0000026633768,0.000017684642,0.0000061381247,0.0000026210673,0.00000937812,0.0000013627895],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946755,0.000014906941,0.00021330819,0.00012490548,0.0001072436,0.00007206256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999772,0.00005935893,0.000026284624,0.00006249404,0.0000470842,0.00003275451],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003822392,0.00007878228,0.00023651513,0.000024936036,0.00001601091,0.0000028864963,0.000027397457,0.000019486622,0.0000010089805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002109735,0.00008074321,0.000019688885,0.00017837701,0.000060096667,0.000097385215,0.000016094467,0.00006110195,4.142174e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002277164,0.00049508165,0.7642309,0.0008428743,0.00035611846,0.000005554991,0.045539238,0.039185103,0.14316161,0.0037452902,0.0000046109258,0.0022059032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076872326,0.00006729332,0.752756,0.00001795771,0.00005447672,1.8250536e-7,0.0010728365,0.24088822,0.0042038425,0.00008505702,0.0000012940458,0.00008408035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015708545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002588737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20170313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013268646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004060676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32926124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083713763","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23876","title":"Electro‐capillary filling in a microchannel under the influence of magnetic and electric fields","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board","keywords":"Lorentz force; Microchannel; Microscale chemistry; Magnetic field; Mechanics; Viscosity; Surface tension; Magnetorheological fluid; Materials science; Electric field; Capillary action; Capillary number; Wetting; Fluidics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Electrical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0074808499385009665,"score_gpt":0.17690913209598766,"score_spread":0.1694282821574867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083713763","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99317646,0.0052000685,0.00040548202,0.0011148417,0.000024857593,0.00004776444,6.3819317e-7,0.000008411198,0.000021452244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996025,0.000046277593,0.0000822001,0.00019057817,0.00006302122,0.0000010310739,1.08790076e-7,0.000013377972,9.228616e-7],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941593,0.0000074132954,0.00024880093,0.00004720377,0.00008743957,0.00019318386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999574,0.00016129333,0.000034239238,0.00006117498,0.000046400968,0.00012289674],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010958138,0.000089521694,0.00015532627,0.0000735086,0.000023120274,0.000017544626,0.00016538659,0.00004724072,0.0000040536324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112660695,0.00006297506,0.000032619235,0.00028109257,0.000023953915,0.0000545797,0.0000110056835,0.0003669824,5.410007e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000032424748,6.2939887e-7,0.00011926086,0.000037693757,0.000023699045,0.0000061544238,0.000831788,0.8328002,0.16594309,0.00009042804,0.000053481024,0.000090307374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010396556,0.00013893654,0.010736166,0.000300718,0.00011360648,0.00022374658,0.0002429547,0.7415564,0.24363017,0.0007567141,0.00075888773,0.0005020195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011910221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005786103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.091243796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053669148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058129623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25680482},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084021966","doi":"10.1002/fld.4914","title":"Large‐eddy simulation of subsonic turbulent jets using the compressible lattice Boltzmann method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canadian Bureau for International Education","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Compressibility; Compressible flow; Large eddy simulation; Mach number; Jet (fluid); Physics; Turbulence; Statistical physics; Computational aeroacoustics; Mechanics; Aeroacoustics; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.10421600167314511,"score_gpt":0.45333656533127237,"score_spread":0.34912056365812727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084021966","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.01323065,0.00092319085,0.9831983,0.0009291276,0.0012477587,0.00024637376,0.00002111904,0.000061258324,0.00014221441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.44657862,0.00004750123,0.55243003,0.00042779304,0.00044171422,0.000010729086,0.000004113738,0.000041808744,0.000017699187],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977399,0.00038575777,0.00085834775,0.00020194157,0.0005200334,0.00029400457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99633294,0.0027638713,0.00018229503,0.00014393654,0.0004694459,0.00010753418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013886744,0.00020764564,0.00040365235,0.00015058822,0.00011509559,0.00008048865,0.0005280651,0.000091014146,0.00008048751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013351752,0.00016241832,0.0002251575,0.00034871345,0.000041184256,0.00029121828,0.000114547154,0.00042440576,0.000004325007],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010422312,0.000043657335,0.0004857323,0.00003193636,0.00027006058,0.0000061472456,0.0017841439,0.98344094,0.0056367214,0.00068515184,0.0002068621,0.0073044267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009585986,0.0000496224,0.00057900115,0.000052674935,0.00006421822,0.000025754032,0.00042855387,0.9766936,0.0035250995,0.0021620702,0.015292549,0.00016831279],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000051448833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.277966e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43334797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016936724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003290291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6623227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084320174","doi":"10.32393/csme.2020.1186","title":"RANS Simulation of HAWT Immersed on ABL Flow under Neutral and Stratified Conditions Using OpenFOAM","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Canadian Mechanical Engineering. Volume 3","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Environmental science; Physics","score_opus":0.03139085774027792,"score_gpt":0.27043648570221085,"score_spread":0.23904562796193293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084320174","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93258685,0.0011275442,0.060974963,0.0019285121,0.00069970475,0.0014514726,0.00038206845,0.0004794608,0.00036945083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974236,0.000007825841,0.0022827536,0.00012933632,0.000058199807,0.000020720177,0.00002153532,0.000050658047,0.0000054079146],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884325,0.000018010596,0.00036105415,0.00023342931,0.00014582298,0.0003984158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929863,0.00009450785,0.000031486226,0.00014286637,0.000041169875,0.00039135193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010226176,0.00020939099,0.00030643438,0.00018191025,0.000049337246,0.00003985262,0.00011198786,0.000134982,0.000060588456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005796132,0.00024514334,0.0000476501,0.0003321693,0.00003927993,0.00015931246,0.000019914518,0.00024403656,0.0000070512524],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009264495,0.000008380432,0.0003568558,0.00009402531,0.000046938763,0.000010279416,0.0001756071,0.9960832,0.00035772336,0.0023690707,0.00003393633,0.00045469194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005802266,0.0000489123,0.0031370644,0.000058842274,0.000025784377,0.0000010259481,0.00005370112,0.9950186,0.000351273,0.00007843179,0.0004096326,0.00023651318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013829876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005206287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06483674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001772084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000720933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99966556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092467963","doi":"10.11159/icmfht.189","title":"Numerical Simulation of Taylor Flow in the Entrance Region ofMicrochannels","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Microchannel; Computer simulation; Computer science; Microfluidics; Statistical physics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01942302835165854,"score_gpt":0.23044372257451534,"score_spread":0.2110206942228568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092467963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845758,0.00062173256,0.0023316918,0.008356236,0.00033079644,0.001031765,0.000015366502,0.00009403341,0.0026425966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995281,0.00007716781,0.000033686913,0.00022241591,0.00004501033,0.00002399205,6.420674e-7,0.000017688582,0.000051310122],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911606,0.000009520537,0.00030408494,0.00016192721,0.00024216167,0.00016625044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969685,0.00011005922,0.000021096985,0.000065592954,0.00007074545,0.00003563743],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000981243,0.00015512378,0.00025449423,0.000067264744,0.00004791882,0.000021394793,0.00019321832,0.000035365927,0.0000065849686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016994854,0.00010192446,0.00006941204,0.00038340915,0.000069811475,0.00013750262,0.000013294638,0.00016152493,8.303718e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005869433,0.0001222176,0.011947031,0.0016949943,0.00019584192,0.0000021775281,0.012136443,0.9048558,0.060946446,0.0040628086,0.0011246556,0.0023246617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022960298,0.00015871975,0.0040770713,0.00041673952,0.00011165941,0.0000013916058,0.00080508733,0.84006757,0.14490521,0.0006479353,0.0061538434,0.00035877174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018401092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016348552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08395877,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017874374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027519218,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41563585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094595108","doi":"10.1002/fld.4931","title":"An algorithm for analysis of pressure losses in heated channels","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Discretization; Algorithm; Chebyshev filter; Spectral method; Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Reduction (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Fast Fourier transform; Boundary value problem; Finite volume method; Mathematics; Computer science; Geometry; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.07643520240861057,"score_gpt":0.44087835197400754,"score_spread":0.364443149565397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094595108","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006648735,0.00048121013,0.9912226,0.000391338,0.0008629607,0.00019910751,0.0001140438,0.000038450882,0.000041527772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.34656322,0.000055349377,0.6527912,0.00016440923,0.00031555834,0.000042513184,0.00002367871,0.000028511156,0.000015539348],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986125,0.00011540401,0.00066447974,0.00017351689,0.0002471497,0.00018694106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99862134,0.00077294384,0.00008081077,0.00007854836,0.00035110058,0.000095244766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062091835,0.00013792068,0.00047714642,0.00046501876,0.000025132382,0.00004633789,0.00032926814,0.00007465535,0.000045847788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005863513,0.00013046476,0.00021360378,0.00070207095,0.000026223855,0.00023313894,0.000029391336,0.0001733682,4.9825235e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012095995,0.000085838714,0.0027689452,0.000028947934,0.001987476,0.0000062186564,0.0010964695,0.8509101,0.0057156216,0.00021487802,0.00018822841,0.13687627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084052415,0.00011850135,0.0029385197,0.000019573983,0.00020137084,0.0000025311167,0.00012312668,0.9859145,0.0038361046,0.00092245016,0.004949531,0.00013326285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010925514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016415692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33991447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006965989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001622672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53201985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3096217915","doi":"10.22541/au.158456500.02834757","title":"Surface-ground water interactions in numerical simulation: coupling strategies and techniques","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Authorea","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Water Security Agency; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Groundwater; Surface water; Coupling (piping); Surface (topology); Domain (mathematical analysis); Computer science; Computer simulation; Scheme (mathematics); Water resources; Environmental science; Geology; Simulation; Engineering; Mathematics; Environmental engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.04499060240743789,"score_gpt":0.3256630151148785,"score_spread":0.2806724127074406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3096217915","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011580317,0.00073376234,0.005995567,0.00042746216,0.0010097082,0.00094396685,0.9772536,0.001426721,0.0006288611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49355024,0.00016109947,0.0004814906,0.00003841518,0.0002083792,0.000026922902,0.5054596,0.000049495753,0.000024380397],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989184,0.00001929495,0.00038469967,0.00027881056,0.00016298672,0.00023577099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940556,0.00023476961,0.000039355986,0.00021404447,0.000044273234,0.000062008134],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009617232,0.00029723038,0.0003914108,0.00011874792,0.00007498692,0.0002128581,0.00011390732,0.0001524649,0.00007406258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028024862,0.00025632468,0.000042984317,0.00014586761,0.00004629903,0.00041574673,0.00011709166,0.00053030066,0.00012990666],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011057386,0.00001700205,0.00005001215,0.00023981281,0.00009383031,0.000033141463,0.0004578641,0.56274956,0.000095563686,0.000026458722,0.43604988,0.00017582922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011628054,0.00001670476,0.00023069364,0.00008497475,0.00005548045,0.0000037293898,0.00030205262,0.1553991,0.00009361617,0.00017676459,0.8431598,0.00036083724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000125704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000096447606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48196992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086483466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016644924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3101776084","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2020.110018","title":"A thermodynamically consistent pseudo-potential lattice Boltzmann model for multi-component, multiphase, partially miscible mixtures","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Pennsylvania State University; Energi Simulation; Texas A and M University","keywords":"Hydrocarbon mixtures; Component (thermodynamics); Fugacity; Thermodynamics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Hydrocarbon; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0512008735721663,"score_gpt":0.2868224372023678,"score_spread":0.23562156363020148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3101776084","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12851,0.00016483958,0.87011045,0.0005776379,0.00021684298,0.00022670982,0.000064669824,0.00007384619,0.000054994187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8346954,0.000010392128,0.16431676,0.00042713806,0.00046415275,0.0000063938746,0.000020553101,0.000043251883,0.00001599771],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843514,0.000032693577,0.0006776541,0.0001603246,0.00046814766,0.00022604459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99848187,0.00026649126,0.0002797858,0.000084047075,0.0007166398,0.00017115613],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013155291,0.00022771124,0.00040327795,0.00004938071,0.000115491304,0.00007221299,0.00020360944,0.00006003682,0.0000049152554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006943331,0.00021150518,0.00030756174,0.00012568258,0.00006033409,0.00029273104,0.000039503728,0.0002215922,0.000009873178],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014518657,0.00014291979,0.000029474279,0.000094681134,0.00039801435,0.000008447408,0.000783145,0.9896942,0.0058554946,0.0011035262,0.001152874,0.00059208577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027297863,0.00007656614,0.0005285228,0.000031281776,0.00015536559,0.000010385914,0.00004005607,0.9885241,0.00029481924,0.0072597195,0.00012896411,0.00022046079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.7344346e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.0866105e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70618534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053949116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009241526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86249304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3107857946","doi":"10.1121/1.5147460","title":"Computational aeroacoustics for low Mach number flow using the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Computational aeroacoustics; Aeroacoustics; Mach number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Acoustics; Physics; Mechanics; Computer science; Mathematics; Sound pressure","score_opus":0.03199144604633722,"score_gpt":0.30713748047749256,"score_spread":0.2751460344311554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3107857946","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0034078695,0.0002157994,0.98943025,0.0063413084,0.000250127,0.00021641511,0.000037566584,0.000027464293,0.00007319473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.41559145,0.00006883983,0.580797,0.0030047903,0.0004816731,0.0000015445496,8.009132e-7,0.00003691254,0.00001696498],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984224,0.00014137822,0.00055273576,0.000086095795,0.00055186416,0.0002455575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99614066,0.002864754,0.0003130193,0.00019277849,0.00040670065,0.00008209602],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063606567,0.00017775285,0.00037814002,0.000007563698,0.0003154127,0.000028898065,0.00055502367,0.000063402666,0.00003395128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003931107,0.00009010759,0.00044224926,0.0003139512,0.00035998138,0.00008921528,0.00015033044,0.000465064,0.0000044237404],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004753928,0.000022713359,0.000037453243,0.00009894538,0.00044998794,2.532366e-7,0.001959758,0.9729917,0.0013084232,0.000011630515,0.021453854,0.0016177574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000406725,0.000042074313,0.00020008479,0.000034158013,0.00069757324,0.000026799908,0.0019573804,0.99382395,0.00015230324,0.00089748175,0.0016523235,0.00010916915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042045876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.7981795e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41218355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006872033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058286198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3674481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109494852","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202019502009","title":"Modeling multiphase flow with a hybrid model based on the Pore-network and the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computation; Multiphase flow; Porous medium; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Capillary action; Hydrostatic equilibrium; Lattice (music); Capillary pressure; Materials science; SPHERES; Porosity; Computer science; Algorithm; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.040156641631155066,"score_gpt":0.26240674960966626,"score_spread":0.2222501079785112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109494852","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.044296984,0.0005348355,0.93845224,0.004772208,0.00005646183,0.00045542285,0.000024971094,0.00017144611,0.011235433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97300565,0.000036841506,0.026024017,0.0007836519,0.00008085254,0.000029615045,0.0000037871496,0.000021109236,0.000014449856],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989541,0.00010503395,0.0002601449,0.00019527655,0.00029024828,0.00019518557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99853814,0.0010104832,0.000056935016,0.0002193136,0.00011563484,0.00005947418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004672379,0.00020013949,0.00032363585,0.000026821373,0.00014487046,0.000058707854,0.00020576744,0.00003103552,0.000022094438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001275211,0.000101215424,0.000052663137,0.00014182973,0.00015194932,0.00008491986,0.000042109474,0.00020104596,0.0000030543408],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016879567,0.000006680329,0.000092884584,0.00003215746,0.000087844535,0.0000016897982,0.0006568043,0.99071187,0.000012734583,0.007179295,0.00020315693,0.00084606296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012747478,0.000042012205,0.000015725751,0.00005992188,0.00008692304,7.71995e-7,0.00031974076,0.9965284,0.000118590695,0.0011222454,0.00028799148,0.00014291458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001530078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016660173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9287087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006264276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011167631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41274452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3110828564","doi":"10.1002/eng2.12334","title":"Computing viscous flow along a 2D open channel using the immersed interface method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Reports","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Stokes flow; Classification of discontinuities; Viscous liquid; Mechanics; Compressibility; Open-channel flow; Boundary value problem; Flow (mathematics); Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary (topology); Interface (matter); Channel (broadcasting); Physics; Mathematical analysis; Computer science; Mathematics; Bubble","score_opus":0.040018392133092204,"score_gpt":0.3050209961921282,"score_spread":0.265002604059036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3110828564","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.108389504,0.0005129133,0.88853467,0.00020768285,0.00091117196,0.00042121657,0.0000019755676,0.0006244353,0.0003964149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95958996,0.0000034911718,0.03995538,0.000099846504,0.00022595524,0.0000100021725,0.0000031418451,0.00009458848,0.000017658496],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855584,0.000019463949,0.0005240523,0.00032476918,0.00022111904,0.00035473763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992022,0.00017754167,0.00009832286,0.0003481501,0.00005956678,0.000114224786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004799479,0.00027751,0.00036542467,0.000051312716,0.00014198164,0.00016782488,0.00026389628,0.00006312799,0.000017509432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021819807,0.00023898801,0.0000836354,0.0003195824,0.000015939519,0.00023450493,0.00037431944,0.00032503693,0.000008612298],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002440268,0.000003836716,0.0001182845,0.000055912777,0.00013676945,0.00013114598,0.0025700568,0.99009985,0.0060872547,0.000009301608,0.00022935815,0.0005557871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015226893,0.000009422666,0.00054468866,0.00007404028,0.00004631439,0.00014864687,0.00029441033,0.9919765,0.0046290536,0.000009677462,0.0018286103,0.0002863391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007486954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038395256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85120046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086411725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021168451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9745648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3111158620","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2020.116351","title":"Numerical study of drop behavior in a pore space","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Compute Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Breakup; Breakage; Reynolds number; Surface tension; Drop (telecommunication); Pressure drop; Capillary number; Spinning drop method; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Laplace pressure; Weber number; Wetting; Capillary action; Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Turbulence; Composite material; Engineering","score_opus":0.01908267104157093,"score_gpt":0.25438889271225973,"score_spread":0.2353062216706888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3111158620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973795,0.000044576132,0.0019411445,0.000041631683,0.000069822396,0.00015601478,8.905381e-7,0.0001956395,0.00017079554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99895096,7.0359306e-7,0.0009755253,0.000009839593,0.000027106054,0.0000182206,4.74697e-7,0.000015562951,0.0000016016104],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990346,0.000002282657,0.00022000361,0.00020877612,0.00030331165,0.00023104191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996416,0.000045683984,0.000016172471,0.00013950391,0.000037560272,0.000119461576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007960726,0.00011539511,0.00019829086,0.000081204256,0.000014173277,0.000013810227,0.0002584312,0.000028420514,0.0000060184243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002289809,0.00011614757,0.000022772858,0.0011134488,0.00006367028,0.00013945364,0.00007340252,0.0001588093,0.0000048997094],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003666938,0.00008412917,0.0072947135,0.00005258096,0.0000059165695,0.000017835155,0.0023609116,0.5687918,0.42113116,0.000055193173,0.000018489889,0.00018358778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005363567,0.00007052621,0.023096345,0.000020313184,0.000012779494,0.000002794934,0.00027229372,0.87211907,0.10354219,0.0000025991112,0.00007219323,0.0002525163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031742907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.382995e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31758898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059697697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013338776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47363603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113851178","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24013","title":"Local hydrodynamics investigation of industrial scaled‐down upflow moving‐bed hydrotreater reactor using a two‐tip optical probe","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Materials science; Fluidized bed; Flow (mathematics); Economies of agglomeration; Two-phase flow; Packed bed; Environmental science; Fluidized bed combustion; Waste management; Chromatography; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.027220824832847663,"score_gpt":0.20535369850168145,"score_spread":0.1781328736688338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3113851178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.988079,0.00012014549,0.010848981,0.0005022862,0.0002054871,0.00013767407,0.0000097063785,0.000043231732,0.000053467556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99760103,9.312812e-7,0.0018411974,0.000052177726,0.00044744948,0.0000018508068,0.000003054236,0.00005126834,0.0000010637159],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862546,0.00001852995,0.000618753,0.000115211355,0.0002819044,0.00034013233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998908,0.00013277872,0.00011715423,0.00012673985,0.000132603,0.0005827205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021827077,0.00021949186,0.00039277133,0.00013088399,0.000039894072,0.000046493078,0.00024898723,0.0001484505,0.000013894843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032825445,0.00018278547,0.00012278823,0.00033367577,0.00014809851,0.0002003103,0.000029004861,0.00063336326,0.0000028661461],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019072404,0.0000024270526,0.00081918156,0.000057291352,0.0001386819,0.000025387604,0.00077036227,0.818404,0.17920959,0.00010386571,0.00005673904,0.0003933732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069795176,0.000026283227,0.00005884285,0.00015671554,0.00010073057,0.00005077839,0.000024275674,0.8782793,0.120288976,0.000058611044,0.0000636031,0.00019392416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023146428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054174652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059875276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038273088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025064358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74537754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115119340","doi":"10.1002/aic.17122","title":"Modeling coupled temperature and transport effects on biofilm growth using thermal lattice Boltzmann model","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cellular automaton; Biofilm; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermal; Materials science; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Biological system; Physics; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.02440753271226812,"score_gpt":0.23977903094170108,"score_spread":0.21537149822943297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3115119340","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.977621,0.0008818848,0.020392833,0.0004227717,0.00014382278,0.0001286676,0.0000046804885,0.00016231768,0.00024201717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951802,0.00015353976,0.0033025988,0.0008283009,0.00045616124,0.0000020411903,0.0000020226637,0.000063594525,0.000011552298],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989053,0.000028518889,0.00029963205,0.00018299493,0.00028825027,0.00029533164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947876,0.000072803494,0.000039967323,0.0000939436,0.00010479202,0.00020973233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017333218,0.0002533022,0.00029851773,0.00007192467,0.00023099504,0.00007491516,0.000111196154,0.00012458768,0.0000072854377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004208148,0.00021717236,0.0000808212,0.00015532892,0.000020182037,0.00033325193,0.000020012769,0.00064465357,0.000007432467],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004062029,0.000008110592,0.00066091574,0.0001058488,0.00012530397,0.000036536756,0.0014117813,0.9389294,0.058470033,0.000053940534,0.00004867449,0.00010885103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000851651,0.00004604561,0.00066617737,0.00008248402,0.00012564394,0.000028636325,0.000111327594,0.99554604,0.0021885699,0.00009790014,0.000009661093,0.00024587483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000031371499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.9613565e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056616645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046741396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024910392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8856032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3117236230","doi":"10.22215/etd/2012-07024","title":"Hydrodynamic modelling and experimental analysis of FE-DMFC stacks","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Canadian Heritage; Library and Archives Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Physics","score_opus":0.01621069763227804,"score_gpt":0.2733671064280529,"score_spread":0.25715640879577484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3117236230","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741901,0.0043687657,0.0037151675,6.114514e-7,0.00018490753,0.00010470606,0.000018428387,0.00011910659,0.017298222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99675244,0.00009014041,0.00054358854,0.0000019620127,0.00002407881,0.000010810445,0.0004135737,0.00004079545,0.0021225912],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919885,0.000007694553,0.00031281047,0.00015188367,0.00017712168,0.00015162308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996338,0.000046097168,0.00006833272,0.0001610398,0.00004781452,0.00004289992],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005425167,0.00020771445,0.00045749106,0.0003759646,0.000034272274,0.000014245453,0.000055217384,0.00013164435,0.00012241371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022592587,0.00020362732,0.00011256498,0.00026969684,0.000013167389,0.000120079145,0.00001332214,0.00009342593,0.000005817894],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000844761,0.000015947135,0.0004299773,0.0001172551,0.0020584422,2.5625883e-7,0.0032711565,0.9918364,0.0019251341,0.0001283847,0.000015401598,0.00019315857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011308988,0.00000559428,0.002367485,0.000016994809,0.0012778403,9.201907e-8,0.0019843772,0.9908616,0.0031031996,0.00002151495,0.000023915172,0.00022432939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004160412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014181096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022562373,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004159292,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047628114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8303681},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120620458","doi":"10.2514/6.2021-1443","title":"Fluid Behavior in Stochastic Porous Structures","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Aerospace; Isotropy; Porosity; Transverse plane; Thermal; Distribution function; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Payload (computing); Porous medium; Computer science; Mechanics; Composite material; Aerospace engineering; Physics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.011999376759750135,"score_gpt":0.24967322833187286,"score_spread":0.23767385157212273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120620458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834968,0.0035363985,0.0077251117,0.00046742894,0.0011413462,0.00032430846,0.000043971708,0.0003514112,0.002913262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983977,0.000027521499,0.0008912291,0.00009994643,0.00007305673,0.000044729273,0.000022794087,0.000040145656,0.0004028529],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988367,0.00001684554,0.00027123318,0.00024512643,0.00023203598,0.00039808682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994516,0.000073459494,0.000020990532,0.00031581605,0.00007862389,0.000059552858],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000067933106,0.00017929675,0.00022792023,0.00013701426,0.00007048877,0.00005479647,0.00012310728,0.0000965459,0.00035280356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078236575,0.00018848667,0.00005709261,0.00048822674,0.000034547757,0.0001656245,0.00011569671,0.00019047083,0.00009132275],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033951375,0.00020180421,0.039885547,0.0001527728,0.00027751477,0.0012147739,0.0018045633,0.79411393,0.069013335,0.010242105,0.013883133,0.06917658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009244293,0.0003553277,0.6033542,0.000538196,0.000591575,0.0006025535,0.012526542,0.18543357,0.09056485,0.028904207,0.06194411,0.005940582],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017154975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023955018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60868037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093119816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030755884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76862633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122374932","doi":"","title":"An immersed boundary method for solving compressible flow with arbitrarily irregular and moving geometry: Immersed boundary method for flow with irregular and moving geometry","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Geometry; Complex geometry; Boundary (topology); Flow (mathematics); Compressible flow; Compressibility; Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.029566512205713234,"score_gpt":0.22264231472504653,"score_spread":0.1930758025193333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3122374932","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3131006,0.00048186665,0.68491477,0.000028310851,0.000158638,0.0007255123,0.00007439168,0.000269175,0.0002467192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.64394957,0.000034043685,0.35536343,0.000105831,0.00016188613,0.000010244892,0.000040808267,0.00013193142,0.00020227008],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972996,0.00011512817,0.00035855788,0.0011433631,0.00020348783,0.0008798516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99752825,0.00084717985,0.00019398457,0.0006904654,0.0004006336,0.0003395092],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008741301,0.0006360984,0.0008193148,0.00068913156,0.0012013783,0.0003407615,0.00034297767,0.00024030157,0.00003237009],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006923748,0.0006334501,0.00013179789,0.0010553434,0.00048376012,0.0014442505,0.00017026791,0.00031041048,0.000002537785],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0031080318,0.00024335115,0.014680516,0.0020300432,0.003805502,0.00016552859,0.0041519376,0.9197732,0.024569603,0.005025665,0.000501092,0.021945512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004536732,0.00053849106,0.0046104896,0.000175323,0.0006833838,0.000027458342,0.0023371258,0.98018587,0.0021924307,0.0012446154,0.0025419088,0.0009261697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000099219644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014541525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33084896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001944443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012247534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123720069","doi":"10.1007/s11837-020-04545-2","title":"Nonlinear Thermo-Mechanical Full Coupling of Aluminum Oxide Particles Transport in Electrolytic Bath Using Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JOM","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Northeastern University","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Materials science; Nonlinear system; Fluid dynamics; Turbulence; Lagrangian particle tracking; Fluidization; Physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Fluidized bed","score_opus":0.02981143030525528,"score_gpt":0.2912531996762858,"score_spread":0.26144176937103053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123720069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95972174,0.00069599156,0.039003484,0.000059778235,0.000098319644,0.00012023533,0.000009339378,0.00012143705,0.00016965307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.948776,0.000046562534,0.050970163,0.000044399312,0.00007043499,0.0000063985567,0.000006135672,0.000050904182,0.000029022782],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985427,0.000030634663,0.00055021216,0.00025043916,0.00026107245,0.0003649277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991859,0.00030501196,0.000062815314,0.00027190844,0.000109665576,0.000064652624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043732507,0.00018869586,0.00043071134,0.00008235108,0.00004151554,0.000014170126,0.0001063351,0.00010717403,0.00003979168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009066475,0.00019592812,0.00010770569,0.00041593565,0.000024854553,0.00014568816,0.000031351152,0.00023195906,0.0000107080505],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034042132,0.000095290576,0.0036520553,0.0001401344,0.00014281791,0.00007325438,0.0006366559,0.381679,0.61264986,0.0004439641,0.0000076037854,0.0004453628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058728934,0.000020679921,0.0050145984,0.00006871351,0.000105170824,0.00001350077,0.00032666355,0.84076905,0.152371,0.00032547454,0.00019082786,0.0002070038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034204266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017537607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46027884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008781799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059077982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7989717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124256341","doi":"10.20944/preprints201804.0116.v1","title":"A New Analytical Procedure to Solve Two Phase Flow in Tubes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fanshawe College; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Curvature; Azimuth; Flow (mathematics); Mathematical analysis; Function (biology); Mechanics; Tube (container); Physics; Mathematics; Phase (matter); Geometry; Classical mechanics; Materials science","score_opus":0.10953975989666034,"score_gpt":0.3870023171141718,"score_spread":0.27746255721751145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3124256341","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97461814,0.00016707924,0.008728434,0.000414877,0.0008330539,0.001132245,0.000032402844,0.000767809,0.013305972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99334246,0.00003290687,0.0047672032,0.00013558076,0.0007760389,0.0001691335,0.000026823735,0.000112747104,0.000637112],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99715215,0.000032657863,0.00075660116,0.0010229694,0.00043799137,0.0005976332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981553,0.000103565435,0.000052229883,0.0011635578,0.00017645949,0.00034891782],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043117927,0.00056519726,0.0007535918,0.00040283843,0.000055038323,0.000050063496,0.0006110747,0.00032366606,0.0010626318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050840294,0.0006045732,0.00019164676,0.0003978724,0.000056493132,0.00013400408,0.0017091332,0.00089455786,0.004071813],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019029931,0.0002981336,0.31844005,0.0008391239,0.00076678017,0.00006824538,0.008862494,0.6598971,0.002117961,0.00037070524,0.005419608,0.0027295274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054949187,0.000083137566,0.28450003,0.0013910877,0.00037239186,0.000016139478,0.00027435852,0.6659278,0.017166559,0.0052099633,0.016913874,0.0026497175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106950996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000197467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033940032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034822835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018056926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125259294","doi":"","title":"Diffuse-interface blended method for the imposition of physical boundaries in two-fluid flows.","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Boundary (topology); Interface (matter); Bubble; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Polygon mesh; Compressibility; Conformal map; Heat exchanger; Computer science; Materials science; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.04713966280211447,"score_gpt":0.24720307449212034,"score_spread":0.20006341169000585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3125259294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.50686985,0.00028549126,0.49174497,0.000041161937,0.00031104052,0.00036080886,0.000041126503,0.00010031401,0.00024527605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810344,0.00008580457,0.0015356838,0.00001142696,0.000075246906,0.000005362254,0.000020757301,0.000036125286,0.00012615164],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989993,0.000084301624,0.0002213724,0.00039674807,0.00007347421,0.00022479935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986035,0.0006228479,0.00009036539,0.0004951842,0.00015723148,0.000030865067],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001773025,0.00025969642,0.0004541366,0.00012299306,0.000117771146,0.00008030972,0.00031957641,0.00010395242,0.000010425392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004933928,0.00025014588,0.00024984227,0.0002654296,0.000117199466,0.000147425,0.00040791443,0.00033895735,0.0000035008582],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000576236,0.000062392595,0.00019186077,0.0002387473,0.00031964167,0.000009547589,0.0018048184,0.99054956,0.0018153612,0.0046838094,0.00006726574,0.0001993938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009812682,0.000019493973,0.0006332388,0.00011144544,0.00025682023,6.8720175e-7,0.0008366345,0.98810714,0.0053728125,0.0031457355,0.0002878917,0.0002468021],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014026661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036728432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49123362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019799267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078943376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125695389","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24032","title":"A simple numerical method to simulate the flow through filter media: Investigation of different fibre allocation algorithms","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Pressure drop; Filter (signal processing); Mechanics; Algorithm; Materials science; Slip (aerodynamics); SIMPLE algorithm; Porous medium; Computer science; Biological system; Composite material; Physics; Computer vision; Computational physics; Porosity; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021273185101396884,"score_gpt":0.2448276982939297,"score_spread":0.2235545131925328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3125695389","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6028919,0.0010096197,0.39055654,0.0045493343,0.0006181685,0.0002114558,0.000031545394,0.000054463366,0.00007693402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849553,0.0000033839444,0.014557703,0.00017909081,0.00025884085,0.0000042229767,0.0000068160343,0.000029536002,0.00000511639],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896085,0.00003865109,0.0004250946,0.000087249544,0.00025040488,0.00023777533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998719,0.0005636547,0.000066089226,0.00019506915,0.00022681046,0.00022940492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022843697,0.00015216114,0.00027340004,0.000058724472,0.00005446087,0.000039700022,0.00022231725,0.00006754888,0.000033535936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003792771,0.00010047985,0.00010250415,0.00032803937,0.00003512538,0.00011057197,0.000028489443,0.00031304234,0.0000028957668],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002566825,0.0000018652678,0.000066204884,0.000030453004,0.00010856241,0.000008106518,0.0025815642,0.96275234,0.032899976,0.00014723264,0.00042188045,0.0009792509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025344023,0.000013231469,0.0009845479,0.00008855196,0.00008102389,0.00004439084,0.000086846165,0.74803185,0.24786071,0.0010020202,0.0013865506,0.00016682503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106187916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000077899764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38206336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017400319,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010827831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40974492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127909523","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24113","title":"Lattice Boltzmann phase field simulations of droplet slicing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slicing; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Dimensionless quantity; Buoyancy; Drop (telecommunication); Mechanics; Neutral buoyancy; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.01437834325399266,"score_gpt":0.24045378799173578,"score_spread":0.22607544473774313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127909523","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99220407,0.0012532697,0.004872326,0.00060515205,0.00037417118,0.00004830337,0.000016155953,0.00002950529,0.00059706334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987779,0.000004381282,0.000903393,0.0000752024,0.00019246142,6.001504e-7,0.0000023213884,0.000024944631,0.000018741357],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991378,0.000010142053,0.00040826798,0.000059361108,0.00016178579,0.0002226519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890727,0.00042517384,0.00006482521,0.00016923089,0.00023218595,0.0002013139],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013286411,0.00011631411,0.00023946268,0.00010896594,0.000049926384,0.000031312924,0.0001659179,0.00006476211,0.000081344224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005395694,0.00010222841,0.00009640437,0.00027637155,0.000028395809,0.00011705493,0.000014794576,0.00031649333,0.0000025354716],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003992321,0.000008981916,0.00015792866,0.00007559329,0.00017195071,0.00005275312,0.0008011574,0.89205533,0.10470443,0.000857772,0.0006151543,0.0004949369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012624041,0.000037229238,0.00016325378,0.0002646508,0.00018739335,0.00016853758,0.00010271271,0.4965922,0.49239686,0.00035900233,0.008140713,0.00032505192],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010030851,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014421734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39546314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010264743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014485483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41687536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3128453733","doi":"10.1029/2020wr029190","title":"Spontaneous Imbibition in a Square Tube With Corner Films: Theoretical Model and Numerical Simulation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Resources Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Laboratory Directed Research and Development; National Supercomputing Centre Singapore; Centro Svizzero di Calcolo Scientifico; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Imbibition; Capillary action; Bundle; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Scaling; Surface tension; Wetting; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Mathematics; Composite material","score_opus":0.031735437289869155,"score_gpt":0.3011086655282058,"score_spread":0.26937322823833665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3128453733","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934545,0.0001824219,0.0028111294,0.00020343841,0.0000106892685,0.0001884267,0.000006506863,0.00009250417,0.0030503583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991136,0.000015642992,0.00044392393,0.000025056115,0.000033110366,0.000029293684,0.00002012235,0.000037929483,0.00028132362],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998423,0.00015425339,0.00019392994,0.00027957343,0.00051500014,0.00043427479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992218,0.00030037895,0.000006162049,0.00020385397,0.00018073549,0.00008709361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003510836,0.00012932954,0.0001827671,0.00017781783,0.00011025121,0.00011268271,0.00007011851,0.00008536789,0.000173107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007372352,0.00009025772,0.000021591772,0.0002843976,0.00019390816,0.0001095975,0.00012313241,0.0003552038,0.00003970336],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013053279,0.00003109642,0.0011246197,0.00008120955,0.00001933249,0.000628337,0.005596855,0.9899267,0.0015685942,0.00045800925,0.000037328762,0.00039738114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050068635,0.000053387044,0.001396714,0.00006189133,0.000005737539,0.00008922841,0.0006870955,0.99392366,0.0012335967,0.0012710105,0.0006315066,0.0001454816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011338397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026494845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005659072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069219976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010557101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3680603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3132076855","doi":"10.1007/s11831-021-09535-4","title":"A Critical Review of Forcing Schemes in Lattice Boltzmann Method: 1993–2019","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Forcing (mathematics); Statistical physics; Mathematics; Lattice (music); Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Computer science; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics","score_opus":0.06461807893931114,"score_gpt":0.4364116162814024,"score_spread":0.37179353734209125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3132076855","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[9.264433e-7,0.5437057,0.45557705,0.000007744185,0.00014760648,0.0002437466,0.000020505826,0.000039099137,0.000257626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000006163726,0.5003216,0.49950677,0.0000072161074,0.00002885019,0.000040995725,0.00003216183,0.000052406573,0.0000037843697],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964021,0.0005805487,0.0019558084,0.0003828648,0.0003273889,0.00035130154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9801572,0.019145796,0.0002137861,0.00031907606,0.000098115735,0.0000660392],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014179454,0.00047814296,0.002913698,0.0009474026,0.000015683707,0.000011868515,0.0003283723,0.0001388748,0.0000135580385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003040087,0.00050689495,0.00049033016,0.0010035005,0.000067749956,0.00015206472,0.00020591202,0.00063889276,0.0000015606876],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.507968e-7,0.00002231903,0.000004146315,0.1778508,0.00015716584,0.000008158594,0.00013486946,0.3932195,0.000005105506,0.0056474344,0.0000075255525,0.42294204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035007854,0.000022035045,0.00010881266,0.38951528,0.00047801976,0.000039668907,0.000029970413,0.48471007,0.000038161637,0.0030669994,0.12083199,0.00080891396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000053118265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.596199e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42213312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007298356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000118258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135505460","doi":"10.1063/5.0038111","title":"Multicanonical analyses of bluff airfoil drags in subcritical flows","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Airfoil; Physics; Drag; Bluff; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Drag coefficient; Lift-to-drag ratio","score_opus":0.046439458830720266,"score_gpt":0.32929528215618037,"score_spread":0.2828558233254601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135505460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99002486,0.0006996733,0.0056680082,0.00006474729,0.00009591145,0.000048053193,0.000016690039,0.000048227364,0.0033337977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99642366,0.000035034976,0.0034208144,0.000014447187,0.000061708626,0.000004210506,0.000005384685,0.000017977402,0.00001677112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910074,0.000027062677,0.00036333106,0.00012941279,0.00021260921,0.000166843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930376,0.00023176211,0.000015555053,0.00024013268,0.0001702454,0.00003856275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069276124,0.00010927264,0.0003606595,0.000040587987,0.000012114746,0.000005806457,0.00008583775,0.000045388035,0.000031193355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001233125,0.00011414872,0.00010814169,0.00033809184,0.000076628174,0.00009846132,0.00006191639,0.00010848952,0.000010147109],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016597036,0.00043671986,0.009557132,0.0005299857,0.00034025294,0.000028244654,0.001128444,0.24634568,0.7233685,0.014236618,0.00022277083,0.0037890258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012358254,0.000040133582,0.035787407,0.00012615933,0.00014430204,0.0000015514665,0.00029169492,0.4717094,0.4869723,0.0031150687,0.00024388306,0.00033227477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018599738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017002436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23639624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027271528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036657766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.465485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136006002","doi":"10.18280/rcma.310103","title":"Macro-Scale Numerical Simulation of Moisture Transmission in Zeoli-Based Moisture Conditioning Material","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Porous medium; Materials science; Moisture; Tortuosity; Porosity; Diffusion; Water vapor; Microporous material; Composite material; Anisotropy; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Optics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.028709072096058403,"score_gpt":0.27797967868430035,"score_spread":0.24927060658824193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136006002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5094248,0.0010003384,0.48714986,0.00008628095,0.0002360007,0.0002717871,0.00008541258,0.00026973814,0.0014757691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9466571,0.00006963237,0.05273434,0.00005239651,0.000085934436,0.000018842027,0.0002473869,0.00006196898,0.00007239062],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985144,0.00012975358,0.00055942306,0.00028848732,0.00020927546,0.000298625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990068,0.00035070276,0.00009202852,0.00025696048,0.00020900884,0.00008448241],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013865369,0.00027330045,0.00050399255,0.00013847409,0.00011094774,0.000071206196,0.000120843884,0.00015697311,0.00014730987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004845493,0.00026873426,0.00012692847,0.0003875631,0.00010160299,0.00023998029,0.000038808856,0.00021965873,0.000016227397],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066960005,0.00008237225,0.008257995,0.0009472109,0.00004756126,0.00004854989,0.0010951534,0.93716043,0.050914366,0.00014529201,0.000035156358,0.0011989351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011179211,0.000045205637,0.05304442,0.0006429777,0.00006906237,0.00002659243,0.000092203736,0.89932245,0.04282077,0.00096759066,0.001485231,0.00036556955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017294135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003961159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43723232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014370013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029964775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136209285","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2021.104925","title":"Method of determining the cohesion and adhesion parameters in the Shan-Chen multicomponent multiphase lattice Boltzmann models","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Cohesion (chemistry); Surface tension; Wetting; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Contact angle; Capillary action; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Adhesion; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.04731744068232799,"score_gpt":0.28863262900433695,"score_spread":0.24131518832200896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136209285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8345026,0.0009895689,0.16365007,0.00020384755,0.00019175101,0.00027552902,0.000005125504,0.0000708435,0.0001107029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90587544,0.00009541997,0.09367685,0.00026766176,0.000030444597,0.000016462502,0.000007488109,0.000024417353,0.0000058132296],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857855,0.00025486937,0.0004044983,0.0002571281,0.00026603971,0.00023893181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975924,0.0018438693,0.000049709797,0.0003798257,0.000089854206,0.000044379573],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052888563,0.00020872743,0.00030834752,0.00008138246,0.000115770425,0.000062969324,0.00024673186,0.00006897239,0.0000015189376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006154076,0.00014126189,0.00007796091,0.000226393,0.00007431759,0.00018951265,0.00018408643,0.00019741419,0.0000026955297],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004276735,0.00016800899,0.0035840508,0.00023205862,0.00017329442,0.000051439256,0.020472946,0.8937716,0.016624907,0.00056586624,0.0005016866,0.0638114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010183911,0.00003228954,0.01766956,0.000108047156,0.000060649712,0.000010516435,0.00072684675,0.97546065,0.0042583863,0.00019934088,0.00028033173,0.0001749887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018276036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009468294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.081689075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004003529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000118827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57604927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3137009875","doi":"10.1063/5.0042883","title":"On the peristaltic pumping","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Mechanics; Wavenumber; Amplitude; Wavelength; Mechanical wave; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Open-channel flow; Stratified flow; Wave propagation; Longitudinal wave; Optics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.025013439681575655,"score_gpt":0.2486080385585829,"score_spread":0.22359459887700725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3137009875","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9668074,0.0002960307,0.008565855,0.000274752,0.0001986417,0.00005803718,0.000006476714,0.00010289501,0.023689914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996013,0.000018878849,0.00013561446,0.00007151961,0.000070798786,0.0000041506323,0.0000017766216,0.000013535145,0.0000824333],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99963987,0.000010074718,0.000092784634,0.00006041801,0.00011429083,0.00008255742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995519,0.00017675587,0.000009341194,0.00019117161,0.000059206235,0.000011660611],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037471244,0.00006172207,0.00009124247,0.000007104642,0.000041865245,0.000011801276,0.00005639884,0.000011922326,0.000031839532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003912676,0.000048075883,0.000044955927,0.000113730894,0.000025141682,0.00004398614,0.000026695674,0.00005946823,0.000041326206],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009170391,0.0001296265,0.00077044946,0.00034648256,0.0005198591,0.000011961416,0.006496693,0.23356077,0.18260434,0.55833775,0.0052018706,0.0120110465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081485946,0.000059946466,0.0124561405,0.00023632801,0.00012214428,0.000002793526,0.0016467033,0.35482767,0.5496042,0.07041437,0.009133888,0.000680956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.457907e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2689454e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48792335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014430594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007539132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19604775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139323597","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2021.104917","title":"An improved characteristic based volume penalization method for the Euler equations towards icing applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Euler equations; Inviscid flow; Curvature; Finite volume method; Compressible flow; Transonic; Mathematics; Airfoil; Adiabatic process; Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines; Compressibility; Mechanics; Aerodynamics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Physics","score_opus":0.025606565873231023,"score_gpt":0.2973310228756202,"score_spread":0.2717244570023892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3139323597","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005052591,0.00025780065,0.99725145,0.00050172233,0.00049094774,0.00050759484,0.000037578357,0.0003424607,0.000105160754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7629519,0.000015649906,0.23465848,0.0006664414,0.00054510083,0.000567213,0.00038021186,0.00006997028,0.00014505649],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990988,0.000053403404,0.0002820412,0.00023919983,0.0001262043,0.00020037852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998488,0.00065104384,0.000038358397,0.00044090732,0.00032372284,0.00005797946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023522864,0.00015443747,0.00017878343,0.00006052183,0.0003117809,0.00014251811,0.00018551694,0.000053105377,0.00003989316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008271466,0.00013947012,0.00008348354,0.00030414254,0.000025617746,0.00016769557,0.000037555525,0.00008088368,0.000016046688],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000948858,0.00007903242,0.00019199053,0.00018755003,0.00024368241,0.0000012211019,0.001184073,0.8156624,0.04299917,0.0032537463,0.002162732,0.13402495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003165242,0.00001770196,0.0039353054,0.000012977321,0.000096749296,0.0000011202119,0.00006479946,0.9760775,0.0010870987,0.00009940423,0.018126221,0.00016461506],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007820108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006300999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76259303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007905117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005593119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56874263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139356118","doi":"10.1063/5.0041193","title":"Controlling structure of materials derived from spinodally decomposing liquids","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Particle (ecology); Wetting; Chemical physics; Emulsion; Physics; Materials science; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Mechanics","score_opus":0.01366432963801898,"score_gpt":0.24438883737993108,"score_spread":0.2307245077419121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3139356118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97084266,0.0008434718,0.027532423,0.00001507978,0.00030826216,0.000066203655,0.00016585269,0.00006570483,0.00016036234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893668,0.000039154038,0.010298294,0.000018389188,0.00019784621,0.0000012111365,0.0000445873,0.0000306415,0.0000030763222],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991667,0.000024603567,0.00037265284,0.00013013095,0.00016729668,0.0001386101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933684,0.00012651534,0.00006336606,0.00023092091,0.00021519099,0.000027164848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000031977674,0.00014261324,0.0004385831,0.00002148114,0.000029720137,0.000019160843,0.000096501666,0.000052687323,0.000052950687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028463339,0.00014946022,0.00007208351,0.000109582485,0.000039639566,0.00012908055,0.00005472475,0.00005612064,0.0000028987183],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013770609,0.000012326882,0.000321942,0.00008456757,0.00020829748,0.0000015029466,0.0005153863,0.067054264,0.93076915,0.0005982996,0.000010754422,0.00040976205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053073495,0.000011908961,0.0034046338,0.00007910457,0.00006954143,3.4967027e-7,0.00005952745,0.0072049154,0.98593515,0.002544424,0.000028773942,0.00013091159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019673122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033575081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059849344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019864714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021814747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6094811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3153992609","doi":"10.1063/5.0046938","title":"On the lattice Boltzmann method and its application to turbulent, multiphase flows of various fluids including cryogens: A review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Multiphase flow; Statistical physics; Fluid dynamics; Boundary value problem; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.07534581454247175,"score_gpt":0.3671409867770921,"score_spread":0.29179517223462037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3153992609","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000026729662,0.9421476,0.055417053,0.00007550158,0.00009153154,0.001765159,0.0001017987,0.00007944741,0.0002951383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002460793,0.9937025,0.00512631,0.00017058052,0.00015244712,0.0004005087,0.00005953574,0.00011416379,0.000027911914],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99751925,0.00024110603,0.0010561484,0.00046925814,0.0004434505,0.0002707839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968002,0.0016379916,0.00025751433,0.0008333499,0.00038160267,0.00008938642],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00074001285,0.0005562233,0.0022305965,0.00011287524,0.00009624638,0.000021197971,0.00038515017,0.00014884055,0.000012490891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000422919,0.00042905315,0.00042847943,0.000879485,0.000031488424,0.00010741517,0.00027173877,0.00033970183,0.000033139204],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000051831776,0.00014127058,3.960099e-7,0.10403994,0.0014000592,0.000004228297,0.00065497734,0.006475743,0.0009606899,0.014126796,0.0016947382,0.870496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038596368,0.00008704867,0.0000016836158,0.06702975,0.0042687445,0.00001418026,0.00002431001,0.0447765,0.0006934154,0.00075324706,0.8809547,0.0010104534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066496495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.080384e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87925994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010032647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006175364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998161},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3156279963","doi":"10.1063/5.0041909","title":"Comment on “Application of Fourier transform to MHD flow over an accelerated plate with partial-slippage,” [AIP Advances 4, 067104 (2014)]","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIP Advances","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Slippage; Fourier transform; Magnetohydrodynamics; Fourier analysis; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Plasma; Nuclear physics; Composite material; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.016740989610997944,"score_gpt":0.2803533675940148,"score_spread":0.26361237798301684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3156279963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5392644,0.008613132,0.42974332,0.006078075,0.0010040633,0.002238945,0.00027426402,0.0011624963,0.01162131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858024,0.0008580912,0.011927262,0.00096536544,0.00011432737,0.00014692407,0.00006361779,0.000055261826,0.00006672029],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986364,0.000029568062,0.00036115226,0.00033933684,0.00033732905,0.00029617973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991397,0.00012952904,0.00007221576,0.0003887726,0.00015812124,0.000111655194],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011084447,0.00025280152,0.00034465516,0.00007246273,0.00010815313,0.000034819557,0.0001403499,0.000054819237,0.000096323834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016267108,0.00021684248,0.000046222067,0.00033732917,0.000046165856,0.0007168744,0.000021949427,0.000121724814,0.00004241042],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024795643,0.00017744927,0.0052531087,0.00018733347,0.00016619817,0.000010711973,0.0015126531,0.89165,0.0022143938,0.0006959065,0.00092832325,0.09695597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018682345,0.00056046393,0.008262729,0.0001615922,0.00009974207,0.0000039638408,0.000701197,0.1214375,0.07156807,0.00093824964,0.7936638,0.00073447125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010236069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027826565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79273546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075778415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000220949,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.884258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164651278","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/1909/1/012009","title":"Noise mechanisms in a radial fan without volute","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Acoustics; Mechanical fan; Aeroacoustics; Volute; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Volumetric flow rate; Chord (peer-to-peer); Sound pressure; Impeller; Computer science","score_opus":0.02207597581590007,"score_gpt":0.24456630233565446,"score_spread":0.2224903265197544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3164651278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6451969,0.00081072457,0.34601754,0.000644007,0.0016716607,0.0001418556,0.00001877102,0.00010636371,0.005392171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952603,0.00013839298,0.0041885865,0.00002999227,0.0002066589,0.0000017593869,0.0000013356599,0.000018247709,0.00015473017],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991681,0.000029433628,0.00033739305,0.00007873823,0.00022255875,0.0001637991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993532,0.00003780049,0.0001016091,0.00011611667,0.0003364929,0.00005478614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098949364,0.00013023287,0.00032316422,0.000053045835,0.000033695072,0.00006500006,0.00010562253,0.00004079191,0.00003631243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004383178,0.00012409757,0.00007405469,0.00018926305,0.000038084072,0.0005997056,0.00003550879,0.00022385638,0.000010277374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028291863,0.00030896632,0.014162771,0.00044448246,0.00097135355,0.00070528395,0.02231981,0.13900094,0.32448295,0.3999478,0.0011134647,0.09625927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032635008,0.00025557342,0.032024,0.0005339193,0.0001652899,0.00019282247,0.0054007,0.014638238,0.7475212,0.19117148,0.003907171,0.00092607096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024596332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000425278,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42303827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004989584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000114911105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50605524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3166680278","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2021.1933017","title":"Pore-scale simulation of drying in porous media using a hybrid lattice Boltzmann: pore network model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Drying Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; Laboratory Directed Research and Development; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Porosity; Materials science; Work (physics); Saturation (graph theory); Phase (matter); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.026526161547055182,"score_gpt":0.2657243351305568,"score_spread":0.23919817358350165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3166680278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94469035,0.0018035317,0.05123352,0.00015388062,0.00029247056,0.00018492235,0.000015236103,0.0007644972,0.00086158497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9737283,0.00005474337,0.025947206,0.00004630385,0.00008443431,0.000012177952,0.000034820332,0.00007167944,0.000020365233],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815905,0.000031881635,0.00067644625,0.0003654341,0.00024149346,0.00052570057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988664,0.00024578112,0.00014292671,0.00050094933,0.00019991586,0.00004407156],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002512539,0.00025974776,0.000543954,0.0004181053,0.00010372529,0.000018790324,0.00021497528,0.00027014135,0.000011900612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002546341,0.0003103838,0.00007094165,0.0011216543,0.00011179221,0.0002080752,0.00023815855,0.00040244556,0.0000050332133],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007950881,0.00002585887,0.008174185,0.000074973876,0.000047389673,0.00010041213,0.00052805396,0.98515135,0.002685991,0.00081378355,0.000037858383,0.0023521946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005153335,0.000008254275,0.0004948462,0.00014458591,0.000049934028,0.000032216758,0.00038408468,0.98259383,0.0050021955,0.010335622,0.00015682435,0.00028224863],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009127335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059187445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029037913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016276941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005510433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3167724086","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.00136","title":"Tesseract: Tensorised Actors for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vector Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"European Commission; Nvidia","keywords":"Reinforcement learning; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Tensor (intrinsic definition); Bellman equation; Mathematical optimization; Function (biology); Machine learning; Mathematics; Pure mathematics","score_opus":0.10308731072179894,"score_gpt":0.21130702560714437,"score_spread":0.10821971488534543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3167724086","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66548353,0.00009600399,0.33028612,0.000022994856,0.0003605681,0.0002517514,0.000004806752,0.00045752325,0.00303671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912444,0.0000989842,0.0006187911,0.000031603344,0.000045060617,0.0000014371576,0.000018233348,0.000028163035,0.007913356],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999298,0.00001851404,0.00013512904,0.00025031576,0.00004770545,0.00025036765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993744,0.00013550308,0.000040752308,0.00020044137,0.00017007069,0.0000788387],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006557577,0.0001500108,0.00016666265,0.000070517664,0.0001659311,0.000025382193,0.00009869256,0.00006072895,0.00009241356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009336589,0.00017525023,0.00010272136,0.0002803586,0.000021754217,0.00020461866,0.000061588944,0.0001264244,0.000074147014],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011960546,0.000018717426,0.006396169,0.00004617995,0.00011724261,0.000037908037,0.0002454957,0.98983794,0.0009914985,0.0019622871,0.00021773473,0.000116839925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013070485,0.000022649827,0.004139537,0.00001945662,0.00008014559,9.759191e-7,0.0009059055,0.97197425,0.0027877952,0.00006801878,0.01842763,0.00026657205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046427554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010176985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32966733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014423228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020759075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7146497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3168226717","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24204","title":"Performance evaluation of <scp>SDAGM</scp> ‐coated microproppants in hydraulic fracturing using the lattice <scp>Boltzmann</scp> method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hydraulic fracturing; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Carbonate; Well stimulation; Conductivity; Porosity; Fracturing fluid; Materials science; Mineralogy; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Reservoir engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.03228612231950952,"score_gpt":0.26785730943951774,"score_spread":0.2355711871200082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3168226717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944005,0.0030998564,0.0014533999,0.00008068382,0.0003514791,0.00015872638,0.000005690505,0.000025673695,0.0004240026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972033,0.000025525656,0.00243273,0.000052197418,0.00020183633,0.000004611778,0.0000025807149,0.000059548514,0.00001769975],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979086,0.000104224055,0.00073792756,0.00015394908,0.0005728446,0.00052248786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99774706,0.0009590612,0.00020629569,0.0003063777,0.00056014763,0.00022106741],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017284735,0.00025996479,0.00043099927,0.00025846012,0.00010734769,0.00007283818,0.00039395216,0.00013992756,0.000008897325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019353434,0.00020140597,0.00012790624,0.0007007274,0.00006402993,0.00028067114,0.000046638164,0.0007914353,0.0000032386326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[7.443481e-7,0.0000056129275,0.0007485359,0.00008169197,0.00014434694,0.00002126879,0.0019660187,0.86926496,0.12699671,0.000012878461,0.00006572491,0.00069150276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000444922,0.000006233506,0.0035935757,0.0002502749,0.00016905427,0.00015861283,0.0002821711,0.67161196,0.32268918,0.00003416589,0.0007037289,0.000056117762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027117276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000201044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19765301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005465373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042441805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82130975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3169905285","doi":"10.3390/app11093819","title":"Inertial Flow of Viscoelastic Second-Grade Fluid in a Ciliated Channel under a Magnetic Field and Darcy’s Resistance","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Pressure gradient; Mechanics; Stream function; Hartmann number; Magnetic field; Inertial frame of reference; Physics; Darcy number; Reynolds number; Magnetohydrodynamics; Newtonian fluid; Fluid dynamics; Non-Newtonian fluid; Fictitious force; Classical mechanics; Magnetohydrodynamic drive; Vortex; Vorticity","score_opus":0.016633381709766817,"score_gpt":0.23300531401420724,"score_spread":0.2163719323044404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3169905285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862328,0.0018906619,0.0016709119,0.0002508885,0.0001224461,0.00011166708,0.000005223275,0.000052037183,0.009663339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988678,0.000029952831,0.000824392,0.000095531475,0.000018396608,0.000013678243,8.5163987e-7,0.0000061350097,0.00014327645],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999221,0.000012316425,0.00020536523,0.0002033779,0.00017523645,0.00018269249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999599,0.0002245207,0.000020578687,0.00010064234,0.000024193525,0.00003108999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001344173,0.00009477171,0.00016689715,0.00008727686,0.00005922041,0.000035879973,0.000090244685,0.00003986332,0.000050258506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042835785,0.0000883955,0.0000143422285,0.000532034,0.00014401902,0.000097714386,0.00005256251,0.000071767325,0.000003279544],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081926,0.00013912782,0.002476981,0.0007642896,0.00008568383,0.000037714657,0.010929644,0.5256769,0.4319072,0.024201676,0.0017686296,0.0019302407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005036155,0.00033900543,0.12446159,0.00046893887,0.0000819634,0.00001642866,0.01290829,0.62497795,0.19893993,0.02959155,0.001514382,0.0016638259],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000053314125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006837427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23296726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013831313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003083773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3604664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3176053434","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2021-0021","title":"Numerical simulation of natural convection in a porous cavity with internal hot and cold sources using the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Heat transfer; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Natural convection; Thermodynamics; Rayleigh number; Physics; Mechanics; Isothermal process; Heat exchanger; Convection","score_opus":0.01984332836014383,"score_gpt":0.26748250174759913,"score_spread":0.2476391733874553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3176053434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94093364,0.0007945785,0.057939574,0.00005714686,0.00017155005,0.000048961712,0.0000041787607,0.0000045360953,0.000045808407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978768,0.000004534204,0.0019409406,0.00004003394,0.00011512566,3.304815e-7,5.46557e-7,0.000013386335,0.00000826476],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937886,0.00006724489,0.00023094226,0.00006519437,0.00012802119,0.00012971443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992698,0.0002106798,0.00012358642,0.00007011316,0.00024335209,0.000082481594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016190283,0.000088884684,0.00020553195,0.00006301148,0.00006048036,0.000035823134,0.000054568252,0.000029467205,0.0000031848979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054932007,0.000069181544,0.000033693188,0.00024574334,0.000054735672,0.00019864521,0.0000070844194,0.0002677623,1.7358845e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015377316,0.000005414563,0.0152533995,0.000029770918,0.000090530186,0.000041456246,0.0020366907,0.9799778,0.0011292822,0.00016508235,0.000007737451,0.0012474622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007511526,0.00005196121,0.043074347,0.00016746097,0.00012221087,0.00015198908,0.0013819402,0.94670475,0.0068129413,0.00032041388,0.00029091537,0.00016990223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014411567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00419357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05694317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012635329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018294473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28211415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3178778131","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2021.07.007","title":"Modelling denitrification process in a static mixer–reactor using lattice-Boltzmann method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Process Safety and Environmental Protection","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Denitrification; Inlet; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Methanol; Nitrate; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Wastewater; Environmental science; Materials science; Mechanics; Engineering; Nitrogen; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.033351964336865346,"score_gpt":0.26683094586311856,"score_spread":0.2334789815262532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3178778131","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4276661,0.00058979663,0.5711072,0.00003733665,0.000046258327,0.0003374908,0.000010103174,0.0000831588,0.00012257224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952926,0.00030635123,0.0041790754,0.00001554155,0.00003920575,0.00007818074,0.000029339484,0.000038441267,0.000021257354],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883837,0.00005726761,0.00035246107,0.00031921404,0.00020973834,0.00022296992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969685,0.00004377133,0.00007008431,0.00011630368,0.000019697787,0.00005331252],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020231205,0.00019279882,0.00021140004,0.0000943554,0.00014847462,0.000037974365,0.000046317044,0.00010103243,0.000024139681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020494497,0.00021304112,0.000027989257,0.00025334692,0.000034961966,0.0005403204,0.000023078419,0.00023577869,0.000007779849],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050210372,0.000049948747,0.00047630665,0.00040877942,0.00002831587,0.0000035180435,0.00209222,0.9886525,0.004923326,0.000011392979,1.2948426e-7,0.003303298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005367871,0.000013197707,0.0007073761,0.000074555406,0.00003983763,0.000027567587,0.0023998239,0.98662347,0.0080501195,0.0011913285,0.00009594834,0.00023998982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021189835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007016691,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5676265,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020334905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015800508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8687564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3181273188","doi":"10.3390/app11146386","title":"A Novel Approach of Unit Conversion in the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mesoscopic physics; Computer science; Statistical physics; Algorithm; Mathematical optimization; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.062208507198620484,"score_gpt":0.3007332885180651,"score_spread":0.2385247813194446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3181273188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45204645,0.00076179503,0.1458284,0.0004261426,0.00022462747,0.00042654053,0.000009265432,0.00014397055,0.4001328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95070475,0.000010949946,0.049079653,0.00012935794,0.000017481814,0.0000121378425,0.0000018155872,0.0000049014943,0.000038927432],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991742,0.000029987743,0.00017217883,0.00016531428,0.00030118573,0.00015714738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993344,0.00042484244,0.00003059932,0.0001572128,0.000036883877,0.000016066972],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008387222,0.0000809166,0.0001410959,0.00006756611,0.00009414123,0.00002924447,0.00025151487,0.00003287754,0.000012831713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003374297,0.000057220237,0.00002440942,0.00095517334,0.00014361674,0.00008793466,0.000057664653,0.000094272706,0.000009518549],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001375478,0.00027079956,0.0048952764,0.00035165556,0.00009249619,0.0000066190482,0.021289734,0.6023418,0.09069993,0.275208,0.00081213686,0.0040177987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027399897,0.00006241635,0.06693397,0.00007221187,0.0001375262,0.00004647431,0.094403416,0.73179436,0.07646722,0.006134784,0.02025893,0.0009487151],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011818531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008837804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4986583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009580536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026207705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23333736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3183580516","doi":"10.3390/su13147968","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Method in Modeling Biofilm Formation, Growth and Detachment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofilm; Biochemical engineering; Extracellular polymeric substance; Biofouling; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computer science; Cellular automaton; Environmental science; Process engineering; Biological system; Chemistry; Biology; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Bacteria","score_opus":0.015456754879007195,"score_gpt":0.28963104808746204,"score_spread":0.2741742932084548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3183580516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79822135,0.0014002827,0.19698492,0.0011538817,0.00009204945,0.0003544681,0.0000052891824,0.00023875607,0.001548984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900565,0.000060844082,0.009706877,0.00005924248,0.00002296145,0.00003393003,0.0000066683965,0.000015854896,0.000037088834],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988695,0.00010508752,0.00035321072,0.00023599752,0.00014930945,0.00028689118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990426,0.00017391733,0.000020939702,0.00023718672,0.0004656633,0.000059748265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050027634,0.00014648787,0.00021963642,0.00008861848,0.00008129955,0.00004645379,0.000057456764,0.000067213514,0.000009591299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065606035,0.0001532495,0.000037572594,0.00033406628,0.000026781665,0.00041594237,0.00010273723,0.00015083946,0.0000024739993],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028241004,0.00012368146,0.068890564,0.0030796018,0.00009251703,0.000063334126,0.00960736,0.8890796,0.00037072648,0.020151608,0.00009591628,0.0084169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005133304,0.000009207458,0.016615197,0.0000154132,0.000025979678,0.0000074543655,0.0040045334,0.94014263,0.0014495058,0.036602,0.00037658177,0.00023818773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005526919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19183517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040819345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006408667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6249333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3183711818","doi":"10.1007/s00449-021-02609-4","title":"Novel dual-flow perfusion bioreactor for in vitro pre-screening of nanoparticles delivery: design, characterization and testing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Bioreactor; Biomedical engineering; Microporous material; Drug delivery; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Mechanics; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.028496744707831645,"score_gpt":0.2150193101326681,"score_spread":0.18652256542483645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3183711818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85045594,0.0011155972,0.14799403,0.0000091213615,0.00007849208,0.00020756904,0.00004423961,0.00009294154,0.0000020598627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97545266,0.00006105631,0.024331495,0.0000028737634,0.00006780626,0.00003105783,0.000019097797,0.000028429202,0.0000055383866],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992425,0.0000056044028,0.00030252137,0.0001822736,0.00008931126,0.00017783418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956554,0.0001444291,0.00005088389,0.00007019325,0.0001259922,0.000042934862],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014949449,0.00015125045,0.00024516665,0.0001025955,0.00004326167,0.000043409465,0.000027836617,0.000068504494,3.9920926e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010958232,0.00014801414,0.00001773052,0.00026129032,0.000011417068,0.00017935726,0.000036149067,0.000045453326,6.895709e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015912683,0.000010972828,0.0010777658,0.0010074197,0.000017885985,0.0000015283812,0.0003527731,0.019879758,0.96914625,0.000006747923,2.8771936e-7,0.00848271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033513224,0.000013450285,0.007713528,0.00025858,0.000012212461,0.000009748172,0.00009178989,0.5459636,0.44542655,4.3278902e-7,0.000056411678,0.000118609714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000093635535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023676494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5260838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017503195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009749372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6035841},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3186169880","doi":"10.1002/fld.5035","title":"Time‐dependent flows in grooved non‐isothermal channels","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Discretization; Boundary (topology); Algorithm; Temporal discretization; Spectral method; Chebyshev filter; Computer science; Boundary value problem; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.036420978323493274,"score_gpt":0.38847319375755174,"score_spread":0.35205221543405846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3186169880","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05096616,0.0006947228,0.9386497,0.0007381865,0.006306814,0.00018617263,0.000018681863,0.00006968804,0.0023698637],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.39914277,0.00023498372,0.5965667,0.00056505256,0.0015403331,0.000094167866,0.00001815797,0.00011856502,0.001719295],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824387,0.00018137111,0.000669558,0.00021068632,0.00037933918,0.00031518322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875563,0.0007068944,0.000054100878,0.00012075942,0.0002721525,0.00009047361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00095872977,0.00018762221,0.00035197218,0.00027197346,0.000043350596,0.00010216401,0.00032161718,0.00010210307,0.00037535382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066289084,0.00018589722,0.00015842325,0.00025687387,0.000023846707,0.00025414373,0.00009493906,0.00039483162,0.000041836036],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017556446,0.00024485594,0.0017224819,0.000034586104,0.00047453106,0.00044240788,0.0015094418,0.7730112,0.08065554,0.00040036434,0.0013156694,0.14001335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022924216,0.00004554663,0.003166662,0.000109149216,0.000017931729,0.00019029598,0.0001862221,0.9606766,0.012321662,0.004399932,0.016239554,0.00035404172],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005328988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038785574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3481766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035947651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041620955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7580669},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187224820","doi":"10.1063/5.0059346","title":"Effects of volume fraction and particle shape on the rheological properties of oblate spheroid suspensions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Physics; Spheroid; Oblate spheroid; Rheology; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Volume fraction; Newtonian fluid; Particle (ecology); Viscosity; Mechanics; Shear flow; Non-Newtonian fluid; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02561315486727364,"score_gpt":0.2258365942265469,"score_spread":0.20022343935927325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187224820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983222,0.0007382609,0.0004895282,0.0000924605,0.00004644615,0.00008788499,0.0000012605669,0.000023520763,0.00019842891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997207,0.00009023775,0.00010919184,0.000014724045,0.000022528518,0.000005132835,4.617609e-7,0.00000819586,0.000028859295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955535,0.00003077816,0.00014998524,0.0000717293,0.00011654438,0.000075606295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950886,0.00021716235,0.000030111443,0.0001213458,0.00010811045,0.000014438152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000052206753,0.00006754121,0.00017299425,0.0000056147915,0.000029088036,0.0000040096866,0.000036315625,0.000023845167,0.000015183134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010858616,0.0000460446,0.000039343267,0.000100414276,0.00008220919,0.00006646287,0.000042807358,0.000059430535,0.000004611644],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001578688,0.00007410289,0.0027089932,0.00017350545,0.000084674895,8.3547565e-7,0.00048969995,0.008190085,0.9817703,0.0050012334,0.00007374245,0.0014170744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001811466,0.00005392493,0.029094344,0.00007561882,0.000038501687,2.3394577e-7,0.00011247013,0.09612003,0.87329024,0.0009481183,0.000030979787,0.00005440349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000040633145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.6756035e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10848004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000068083014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006082303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18776444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196209221","doi":"10.1016/j.ijft.2021.100109","title":"Investigations of water droplet impact and freezing on a cold substrate with the Lattice Boltzmann method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermofluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Extrapolation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Wetting; Contact angle; Thermal; Boundary value problem; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.020296895140262634,"score_gpt":0.28970928880910374,"score_spread":0.2694123936688411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3196209221","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901335,0.00059359445,0.0060012103,0.0019634697,0.00020486183,0.000049857874,0.000017337306,0.000015976528,0.0010201901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99731547,0.00007462326,0.0021897727,0.00017458208,0.00013687272,0.0000018893178,0.0000024248511,0.000020356732,0.00008403102],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990312,0.000069576,0.00031529483,0.00007574015,0.00039734365,0.000110880224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988465,0.00031567662,0.000097710385,0.0001165351,0.00057291257,0.000050670318],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034796746,0.00011866141,0.00018722193,0.000099825105,0.000046006015,0.000064985856,0.00018987179,0.00003297072,0.000054360833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005771661,0.00006372202,0.000080965794,0.00008858664,0.00006926093,0.00019060276,0.000039820356,0.00018529728,0.0000034238994],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019932217,0.000099000456,0.009068936,0.00004735991,0.0038032075,0.00020178381,0.0059932834,0.19813219,0.7731816,0.005352491,0.0021369809,0.0017838174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030135503,0.000392128,0.054239895,0.0004849686,0.0004023664,0.0007655595,0.0014573045,0.021912033,0.9055111,0.0030065933,0.0083645,0.00045001414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000076718325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000954465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17622016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005788016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003993746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25985086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196292055","doi":"10.1002/aic.17424","title":"Spreading of point‐source liquid spills in a thin rectangular packed bed under simulated marine conditions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Wetting; Mechanics; Porous medium; Hexapod; Kinematics; Porosity; Oil spill; Materials science; Geology; Environmental science; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Petroleum engineering; Computer science; Classical mechanics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01344388157939204,"score_gpt":0.25779545925919434,"score_spread":0.24435157767980228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3196292055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935521,0.0005687783,0.0023378273,0.00038134406,0.00021900114,0.00008631104,0.000007060825,0.000093132345,0.002754472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845594,0.00013475285,0.00085494854,0.0001178326,0.000100382094,0.0000013861024,0.000012317212,0.0000402986,0.0002821268],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872255,0.00009275382,0.00055242545,0.0001282085,0.00023758976,0.00026646233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909437,0.00029981992,0.00010606088,0.00019418761,0.0002168048,0.0000887565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033604854,0.00016188467,0.00033457513,0.00019584458,0.00008247268,0.00003775691,0.000099652716,0.00009824699,0.0005672982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002793296,0.00016221515,0.0001065689,0.00048826824,0.00003815325,0.00023019078,0.00006527047,0.00043246694,0.000023674995],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005565435,0.00009134864,0.0067549907,0.000065199965,0.00046482496,0.00015853748,0.0026419673,0.8841897,0.10396009,0.00047846278,0.0009019467,0.00023725753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018427165,0.00069013756,0.17207001,0.0023982043,0.001017816,0.0020102165,0.016788375,0.33945328,0.40151155,0.028948726,0.013601704,0.003082821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015755262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049041624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54473644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014370466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045719644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66149414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3196557037","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.208","title":"Numerical investigation of the respective roles of cohesive and hydrodynamic forces in aggregate restructuring under shear flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Compute Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Breakage; Drag; Shear flow; Shear force; Aggregate (composite); Shear (geology); Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Geology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.00859120226465844,"score_gpt":0.24241722934648505,"score_spread":0.2338260270818266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3196557037","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99800944,0.0010819178,0.00046227706,0.0001355088,0.00010158298,0.00003874146,9.014914e-7,0.0000021249643,0.00016752708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989561,0.000115780276,0.00089421624,0.000009071737,0.0000085735055,2.4235737e-7,1.9368743e-8,0.0000030976003,0.000012931778],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993478,0.000028390816,0.00026245727,0.00007333247,0.00021079658,0.0000772159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994963,0.000095670905,0.00013897475,0.00006155613,0.00017720342,0.00003030346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024750255,0.000055098906,0.00015832808,0.000095389645,0.00004636893,0.000022853434,0.00009178919,0.000018118068,0.0000018881335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017896792,0.000038433573,0.00002077445,0.00037569425,0.0003384081,0.0002964923,0.000057267513,0.00010633461,4.53674e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019340196,0.000003489571,0.010497294,0.0000355436,0.000018001983,5.6838917e-7,0.0036121279,0.3992856,0.58622277,0.00010417431,0.000006129528,0.0001949671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029799665,0.000053314227,0.2285484,0.00033776832,0.000011249883,0.000031881293,0.0019441062,0.1758831,0.59070116,0.0021288407,0.0000069453063,0.000055231023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004091041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017276387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2234025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051261788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007047686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15672757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3199029236","doi":"10.32393/csme.2021.109","title":"Flow Over Micro Pillars Immersed In A Laminar Boundary Layer: Effects Of Micro-Pillar Geometry And Tandem Interaction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Canadian Mechanical Engineering. Volume 4","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Boundary layer; Pillar; Mechanics; Geometry; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Tandem; Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Mechanical engineering; Physics; Composite material; Engineering; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.00609703735101313,"score_gpt":0.2252957496241337,"score_spread":0.21919871227312057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3199029236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848419,0.013137681,0.0006238398,0.00015893656,0.00075816445,0.00031272316,0.000027678734,0.000093613366,0.000045502635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959221,0.0002950679,0.0035241207,0.000067814144,0.000042515843,0.000043196356,0.000016152377,0.00006498564,0.000024043637],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984973,0.000033642296,0.00041858593,0.0003117437,0.00017575579,0.00056297437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992271,0.00019582806,0.00003745766,0.00022916328,0.000063575884,0.0002468514],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020878072,0.00025640347,0.00043750118,0.00048479767,0.00003286643,0.000050825547,0.00011347527,0.00021499454,0.000034834986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002614139,0.00031456767,0.00006371969,0.0006716435,0.000039395705,0.00015993511,0.000065686145,0.0003761743,0.0000057927605],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013457489,0.00049780955,0.49798435,0.01015617,0.0015013089,0.0054273442,0.004144278,0.2468079,0.13144095,0.0016960142,0.0029220113,0.097287275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022272517,0.00009626775,0.1234579,0.00084656896,0.00006303644,0.00006752879,0.00014999318,0.820719,0.022966057,0.00007521512,0.02847908,0.0008520793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014406426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016794855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57391113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005409396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010947141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200252207","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24313","title":"Further contributions to the dynamics of a freely rotating elliptical particle in shear flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mechanics; Physics; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Shear flow; Centroid; Shear rate; Shear (geology); Classical mechanics; Cylinder; Geometry; Mathematics; Turbulence; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Viscosity","score_opus":0.008421339064301042,"score_gpt":0.21539038042032657,"score_spread":0.20696904135602553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3200252207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98016584,0.0008295198,0.013554427,0.0050237356,0.00020094986,0.00008326655,0.00003246391,0.000014924855,0.000094873045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983938,0.0000020965028,0.0014146616,0.000051473253,0.00010988629,0.0000028228535,0.0000010210052,0.00001679744,0.00000743863],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920285,0.000016086917,0.0003409415,0.000050526614,0.00013733847,0.00025227602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992324,0.00024314848,0.000027724735,0.0001337699,0.00017697092,0.00018596572],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028066043,0.00008482165,0.0001802206,0.000047428315,0.000033278997,0.000028557912,0.00016044089,0.000041899264,0.00002296659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070715655,0.000061452985,0.0000630206,0.00033681988,0.000033455057,0.00005210823,0.000017194921,0.00030743025,0.0000045213187],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002431457,0.0000033925023,0.0004140926,0.00001345731,0.000049242142,0.00002173642,0.001124924,0.98966116,0.006458616,0.0016122538,0.00008217379,0.0005565079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002447375,0.000008000508,0.0008779835,0.00008755995,0.000026180915,0.000041439722,0.0001608956,0.9807904,0.017098647,0.00013425377,0.00043846632,0.00009146418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012774937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016766945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018227963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023239608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012999629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.250598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3203276701","doi":"10.1142/s0129183122500346","title":"Comparative study of multicomponent Lattice Boltzmann models for binary mixture flows","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics C","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Boltzmann equation; Binary number; Physics; Viscosity; Statistical physics; Couette flow; Thermal diffusivity; Mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.05631386312141688,"score_gpt":0.31898392126020403,"score_spread":0.26267005813878713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3203276701","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81413686,0.00049937546,0.18397242,0.00010670897,0.00078741077,0.00016226587,0.000045524353,0.000021376693,0.0002680757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948817,0.000029393994,0.0046026553,0.000026172229,0.0003769866,0.000007744446,0.0000119308,0.000024553454,0.000038900827],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99859697,0.00003831147,0.00056286046,0.00011978643,0.00056311896,0.00011897467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99762136,0.00026691984,0.00024515006,0.0001340591,0.0016860536,0.00004646941],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116149145,0.00015548372,0.00039881188,0.000078833706,0.00003586024,0.000032031763,0.0002675124,0.000036176407,0.0000050657463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021668453,0.0001467898,0.00016263808,0.00007831431,0.00001886002,0.00038847313,0.0000765252,0.00017261229,0.0000020357122],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010484067,0.00069191004,0.00014372238,0.000021357642,0.001343098,0.00002478358,0.0073383,0.97721833,0.01060994,0.00067040883,0.00027610056,0.0015572283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002313928,0.00013364604,0.0006797326,0.00007542607,0.000118190095,0.0000127046405,0.0013520869,0.9791138,0.005178078,0.010690858,0.00018599056,0.00014551943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019224215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006672749,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18074483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008389137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038867776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5985914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3204893477","doi":"10.37394/232012.2021.16.19","title":"Fluid Mechanics at the Interface between a Variable Viscosity Fluid Layer and a Variable Permeability Porous Medium","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Permeability (electromagnetism); Viscosity; Mechanics; Materials science; Shear stress; Porosity; Pressure gradient; Fluid dynamics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.018107055655533083,"score_gpt":0.24364111268453958,"score_spread":0.2255340570290065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3204893477","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18644749,0.0016612381,0.8087756,0.0008696189,0.00030543536,0.00036377303,0.00020391236,0.00023084923,0.0011420593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975842,0.0006123768,0.0009646766,0.00012758013,0.000053897198,0.000057542322,0.000013236299,0.00004407644,0.0005423882],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861604,0.000094143266,0.00029897824,0.00039898878,0.00024768923,0.00034418912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904764,0.0003286955,0.000005058229,0.00035990195,0.00010544555,0.0001532409],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002747382,0.0002815332,0.00035602134,0.00005012608,0.0004803414,0.000080851736,0.00008577391,0.00015821679,0.00044678836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011057152,0.00023058394,0.0000732411,0.0002604598,0.00007627417,0.00020733698,0.000009609322,0.0003153665,0.000012632521],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056720426,0.0005260389,0.0019672322,0.0018100677,0.0028929675,0.000034351713,0.008146737,0.46824187,0.50473833,0.004236138,0.0008622643,0.0059768115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009607817,0.0007382534,0.0101604145,0.00053507934,0.0041866144,0.00021811435,0.0029718422,0.39765766,0.46004733,0.00875237,0.10180821,0.0033162858],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049847542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001163937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8111367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001134347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047579942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.940294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3208213204","doi":"10.1115/1.4052927","title":"Weber Equation Model of Flow Through a Variable-Permeability Porous Core Bounded by Fluid Layers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluids Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mechanics; Partial differential equation; Porosity; Bounded function; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Variable (mathematics); Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.032000779015247525,"score_gpt":0.24322456078769683,"score_spread":0.2112237817724493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3208213204","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37385282,0.0023344713,0.62238955,0.00004693023,0.0005402389,0.00007790155,0.000031122705,0.00008918106,0.00063781097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.902549,0.00018832619,0.09695825,0.00002933573,0.00013903504,0.0000034026586,0.0000087398475,0.000053678727,0.00007018599],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982969,0.000017428942,0.0008295535,0.00014074803,0.00045121604,0.00026415443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988806,0.00017501989,0.00011103204,0.00025156606,0.00049959676,0.0000821539],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035857418,0.00022454845,0.00048571685,0.00008950813,0.000042630643,0.000034770415,0.00014443982,0.00012358066,0.00004635661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032415576,0.00022781965,0.00014262913,0.00032853486,0.000025585918,0.00051904254,0.000040442435,0.00028205785,0.0000027603742],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000106447,0.000028765442,0.00015072477,0.00016488951,0.00013716763,0.000006530776,0.00051850255,0.7509536,0.24640022,0.00049260096,0.0010275128,0.00010879687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006732532,0.000032801992,0.00011585337,0.00010844357,0.000090592395,0.000036149013,0.000092698225,0.9715734,0.025895953,0.0005019075,0.00067334913,0.00020555801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032466046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.892316e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52869624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023187051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000095252326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92902154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209577840","doi":"10.1063/5.0068043","title":"Dispersion tensor in a two-phase flow in a slit","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"University of Calgary; University of Wyoming","keywords":"Laminar flow; Physics; Dispersion (optics); Mechanics; Taylor dispersion; Stratified flow; Particle-laden flows; Tensor (intrinsic definition); Two-phase flow; Reynolds number; Flow (mathematics); Phase (matter); Advection; Classical mechanics; Optics; Thermodynamics; Diffusion; Geometry; Turbulence","score_opus":0.02047659947323341,"score_gpt":0.2940946327298707,"score_spread":0.27361803325663725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209577840","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99478877,0.0005359293,0.0026671838,0.000058852656,0.00008459487,0.00007045661,0.000012594332,0.00004239534,0.0017392139],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984632,0.000039533945,0.00136153,0.000018819414,0.00005218999,0.000007174595,0.00000931911,0.000015810687,0.00003242733],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994289,0.0000149756315,0.00019225774,0.00011113283,0.00011680501,0.00013591142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996909,0.00006608139,0.000010390056,0.00016150613,0.000050194263,0.000020965266],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053894677,0.00008761684,0.00019339117,0.000044689194,0.000010158771,0.0000070292317,0.000050939663,0.000018351186,0.000016841059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031662563,0.000093293886,0.000043662367,0.0003382075,0.000017559436,0.00012427039,0.00003890715,0.00008336996,0.000017879669],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004694722,0.0006392214,0.02736954,0.0003355313,0.00009222513,0.00008354728,0.0069681047,0.67269474,0.24959143,0.0036107216,0.0004498757,0.038118094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038056618,0.000022881599,0.014087787,0.00014172262,0.000018000357,9.917903e-7,0.00038289116,0.9418767,0.03662736,0.0020704363,0.00071456435,0.0002510167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017664686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034483066,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2691819,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004718163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012332834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38044143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210214527","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2012.12.010","title":"Mesoscopic methods in engineering and science","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Schlumberger (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Mathematics; Science and engineering; Applied mathematics; Calculus (dental); Engineering ethics; Physics; Engineering; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015434525179913988,"score_gpt":0.287914837353938,"score_spread":0.272480312174024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210214527","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04019423,0.00015506773,0.9577516,0.000051910007,0.000024078809,0.00050445227,4.398274e-7,0.00020571279,0.0011125379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.30719963,0.000011917777,0.6924382,0.000013253127,0.0000117910595,0.00030025942,4.4752034e-7,0.0000151247405,0.0000093961935],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994227,0.000003530317,0.0001718529,0.00013784654,0.000097333796,0.0001667157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994436,0.00019173123,0.000022647762,0.00022930802,0.00005206972,0.000060681232],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013280941,0.00010435536,0.00013885579,0.000156356,0.00005892318,0.000073823205,0.000140489,0.00001926648,0.0000045345796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011309895,0.00009093305,0.000008065798,0.000479534,0.000086230764,0.00017308338,0.00005808746,0.00007206445,0.000023481123],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000011696625,0.00021559524,0.0039224536,0.0022160173,0.00017282259,0.0000021676326,0.011977405,0.6883246,0.029234637,0.15721722,0.00048774152,0.10622823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015872491,0.000006250458,0.005615661,0.000055291286,0.000008814197,0.0000052964097,0.00011153701,0.99038684,0.0005456861,0.0023676555,0.00059171044,0.00014655358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022988027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.4106003e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30206227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041308238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010642773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3708142},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210617319","doi":"10.37394/232011.2021.16.23","title":"Flow of a Fluid with Pressure-Dependent Viscosity through Variable Permeability Porous Layer","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED AND THEORETICAL MECHANICS","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Drag; Mechanics; Materials science; Porosity; Darcy's law; Viscosity; Porous medium; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics; Membrane","score_opus":0.00842687307355682,"score_gpt":0.21013899757054005,"score_spread":0.20171212449698322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210617319","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017467713,0.00018923283,0.97204643,0.00006370779,0.000100912395,0.00026138264,0.000094153336,0.00018558695,0.0095908595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99025667,0.00008515302,0.009472391,0.00006191767,0.000016779652,0.00003903139,0.0000041949397,0.00003254419,0.000031329477],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989766,0.000030867526,0.00022023133,0.00028637322,0.0002716834,0.00021427263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999315,0.00016330894,0.00002047008,0.00032073748,0.000099021476,0.000081465565],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014065673,0.00019026299,0.00029875553,0.000024523612,0.00012148813,0.00002553494,0.00006782322,0.000111169866,0.00039865807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000106601365,0.00016003389,0.00004357092,0.00017757705,0.00010806589,0.000062988736,0.0000091152315,0.00022347471,0.000007132998],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013691703,0.0001862639,0.0000015514053,0.00015299983,0.00022484834,0.0000031776437,0.0003476392,0.1672383,0.006156285,0.82417446,0.000003091857,0.0013744499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021835219,0.0002132634,0.00005629176,0.000087342065,0.0007944708,0.000032723492,0.00075408706,0.52543586,0.16576542,0.3033204,0.00074106525,0.000615585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020767222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037217085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97278893,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025550906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029116614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6525993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210980152","doi":"","title":"A Deep Learning Algorithm for Piecewise Linear Interface Construction (PLIC).","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Polyhedron; Bottleneck; Piecewise linear function; Position (finance); Computational complexity theory; Volume fraction; Algorithm; Computer science; Mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.09301818647450365,"score_gpt":0.3453158350330443,"score_spread":0.25229764855854064,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210980152","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.002715096,0.00015064378,0.98918617,0.00031686333,0.0006097925,0.000201637,0.000030939464,0.00026149407,0.00652736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.955609,0.00008769759,0.0434808,0.00008582269,0.00028765612,0.00006577884,0.000051314753,0.000029031287,0.0003028612],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986377,0.00003886589,0.00040153114,0.00030506603,0.0003839485,0.00023292133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980688,0.00038129155,0.00006411525,0.00011035186,0.0013094087,0.00006603538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021148183,0.00018364414,0.00019739619,0.00011483393,0.00019663188,0.00009907497,0.00011831478,0.000102240396,0.00032404004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005214,0.00020513733,0.00007650669,0.00028483084,0.00009224178,0.00017263071,0.000034819142,0.0002668766,0.0002975588],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018313847,0.000043417967,0.00001635155,0.000022165197,0.00006038596,0.0000023469493,0.00038288673,0.34270474,0.0024224548,0.1105666,0.00007297554,0.54368734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050610106,0.00004197374,0.00004014867,0.000032639564,0.000011581951,0.0000059510653,0.00085334695,0.91811806,0.049840093,0.027895419,0.002901926,0.00020822775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002305914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024543182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9528939,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013020771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008849784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8365258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211426586","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2021.110851","title":"An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for simulating interfacial dynamics between a hydrogel and a fluid","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Materials science; Mechanics; Eulerian path; Convergence (economics); Fluid dynamics; Newtonian fluid; Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Lagrangian; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.020915776215767883,"score_gpt":0.30903883696927886,"score_spread":0.28812306075351096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3211426586","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35621634,0.00010224721,0.6433213,0.000070775524,0.00010488038,0.000048980397,0.000037894195,0.000023424192,0.00007416288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.78600687,0.0000025719967,0.21328205,0.00005430822,0.0005913717,0.0000010249565,0.0000346667,0.000023939672,0.0000032068315],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991131,0.000033812204,0.00041456963,0.000098227785,0.00021628149,0.00012402046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864495,0.00067489076,0.00013586225,0.00006133667,0.0004060382,0.000076929166],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019477833,0.00012675305,0.00029841682,0.000053457345,0.00008342198,0.00006413227,0.0000714111,0.000043721877,0.0000022956888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044231758,0.00013129861,0.00010503498,0.00013934422,0.000018277244,0.00037067803,0.00002220808,0.00014602544,8.25464e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001455605,0.000024926583,0.0006801584,0.000056154448,0.00023357333,0.000004862381,0.00056363235,0.9776061,0.0003720752,0.0031240731,0.000026948888,0.017292906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067187654,0.00005757223,0.0027376579,0.000036411227,0.00007864299,0.0000157793,0.0001507874,0.9066115,0.0003769397,0.08902905,0.00010913599,0.000124636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.950132e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018914993,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43003923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054814715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056391422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5354202},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212405625","doi":"10.1016/j.cageo.2021.104978","title":"Simulating volume-controlled invasion of a non-wetting fluid in volumetric images using basic image processing tools","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canarie","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Wetting; Capillary action; Saturation (graph theory); Capillary pressure; Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanics; Materials science; Capillary number; Volume of fluid method; Multiphase flow; Computer science; Geometry; Mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Porous medium; Composite material; Porosity","score_opus":0.0528105319710739,"score_gpt":0.20507728623162327,"score_spread":0.15226675426054936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212405625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9131673,0.00033759818,0.08420339,0.000006749565,0.0000848816,0.0002405127,0.000005418926,0.0001277989,0.0018263314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959152,0.000034480272,0.0037094562,0.000013888832,0.000045531884,7.156613e-7,0.000004870682,0.000043297405,0.0002325699],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985372,0.00008297102,0.00046364026,0.00041707687,0.00012094019,0.00037821606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987507,0.0003861696,0.00016766689,0.00029365116,0.00033315728,0.00006864159],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003291585,0.0002444723,0.0005758596,0.00049831957,0.000149983,0.00007528078,0.00017419731,0.00010275872,0.00004366675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057296624,0.0002941805,0.00015157678,0.002298176,0.00006611498,0.0010415978,0.00017053811,0.00021474586,0.000014615986],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046724286,0.000044467215,0.046785943,0.00023790247,0.000060953742,0.00017021365,0.0003259388,0.9013982,0.04911148,0.000033828805,0.000013223722,0.0017711535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032223822,0.000013927838,0.015480006,0.00022579661,0.00009655693,0.000003147816,0.0007645217,0.97442114,0.0053674,0.00010826484,0.000012116784,0.00028473668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038773134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021005542,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08274788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023756482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008478314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214691381","doi":"10.1063/5.0066415","title":"Numerical simulations of flow through a variable permeability circular cylinder","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Physics; Relative permeability; Reynolds number; Geometry; Turbulence; Geology; Mathematics; Geotechnical engineering; Porosity; Chemistry","score_opus":0.027639880171182813,"score_gpt":0.2688231566967645,"score_spread":0.24118327652558166,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3214691381","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23086666,0.000663787,0.76030236,0.00005153574,0.0002230598,0.00014429641,0.0000921605,0.00013288442,0.0075232447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798276,0.00001102781,0.019997928,0.0000196295,0.00007904581,0.0000041746325,0.000022794566,0.000022134533,0.000015657075],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913865,0.000027914246,0.00030834667,0.00015162607,0.00022861126,0.00014487175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901897,0.00021057669,0.00003069165,0.00037213857,0.00034115912,0.000026466052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005847123,0.000116559284,0.0003042187,0.000012947035,0.000039487,0.000007270064,0.00007783415,0.000048716636,0.00010052328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000098242905,0.00012633967,0.0001030797,0.0003776749,0.000058410915,0.00018875788,0.00004200239,0.00008831182,0.00000795452],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002380023,0.000111962705,0.0018946455,0.00019745689,0.00015550775,6.3222603e-7,0.00096868776,0.96498287,0.026586585,0.004696881,0.00006418909,0.00033821826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003870597,0.00001268358,0.0034444742,0.000026901002,0.00007616213,6.4198514e-7,0.00008122184,0.94212073,0.032815184,0.020067692,0.0008001564,0.00016709714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011844805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.106049e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.748961,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003450802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045713456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51519823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3215840608","doi":"10.1142/s0219876221500705","title":"A Lagrangian Point Approximation-Based Immersed Boundary–Lattice Boltzmann Method for FSI Problems Involving Deformable Body","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Computational Methods","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Material point method; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Fluid–structure interaction; Solver; Rigid body; Eulerian path; Boundary value problem; Interpolation (computer graphics); Boundary (topology); Smoothing; Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematical optimization; Classical mechanics; Lagrangian; Finite element method","score_opus":0.029766783115065757,"score_gpt":0.3598068879339812,"score_spread":0.33004010481891544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3215840608","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.003545614,0.0013862262,0.99012244,0.0016731555,0.0019602452,0.00025861006,0.000046427056,0.00008839023,0.0009188988],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.089883596,0.000024288238,0.908739,0.0006272946,0.00046048788,0.00003098997,0.000094734474,0.000056347602,0.00008326513],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.997118,0.00031098732,0.0011980901,0.00023024643,0.0008551405,0.00028752693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99265164,0.0029633243,0.00050335424,0.00014671974,0.0036020188,0.00013294994],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002279629,0.00027019373,0.0004761143,0.00045760715,0.00016323398,0.0002706214,0.00038510398,0.00010297124,0.00008182141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009405982,0.00026821293,0.00037773984,0.0003493467,0.000054555447,0.0007502236,0.00006152499,0.00029823623,0.000008710278],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008052238,0.00009678499,0.00013786368,0.00013750371,0.00087937014,0.000020358171,0.0006610323,0.9740865,0.0037488171,0.005244954,0.0006767951,0.014229465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022280915,0.000060516206,0.0010497415,0.00016896176,0.00012765088,0.00015667961,0.00030413098,0.92534196,0.0062204413,0.046997115,0.017063376,0.00028133666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000502198,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041321277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.086337976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003439599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038048558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216092786","doi":"10.1121/10.0008150","title":"Hybrid lattice-Boltzmann digital-waveguide simulation of wind instruments","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Waveguide; Solver; Acoustics; Physics; Boundary value problem; Helmholtz resonator; Aeroacoustics; Nonlinear system; Resonator; Computational physics; Mechanics; Optics; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.016552303192198893,"score_gpt":0.2553522021960408,"score_spread":0.23879989900384194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216092786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77111727,0.0009082336,0.22347093,0.0016762529,0.00056211516,0.00018953194,0.000054058735,0.000039287806,0.001982331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99416316,0.00021861307,0.005141033,0.00023473335,0.000115564515,2.0244991e-7,9.903223e-7,0.000021839325,0.000103843886],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984423,0.000059672293,0.0006719267,0.00006921232,0.0005711455,0.00018572147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99803764,0.00079991465,0.00038564377,0.0003019738,0.00041849643,0.000056353492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025551757,0.00014192032,0.00037738864,0.000017300317,0.0000944644,0.000020977932,0.000315367,0.00004278026,0.000038578535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038408983,0.00008618539,0.0003633315,0.00025284133,0.0003373021,0.00020838043,0.00017631055,0.00028216103,0.0000049598184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000251872,0.00005979875,0.00047713285,0.000074188734,0.00047418042,9.703898e-7,0.00060958834,0.98400533,0.0041872594,0.000003828345,0.0023551276,0.0077274013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000551719,0.00006801667,0.0034802605,0.00012172823,0.0003774006,0.000028373706,0.0012443687,0.9836478,0.0061278893,0.0010253614,0.003199442,0.00012762552],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023210648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3133805e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22304592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006849788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005333993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35145384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216788873","doi":"10.1007/978-981-16-5355-1_3","title":"Fluid-Structure Equations with Body-Fitted Interface","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Balance (ability); Interface (matter); Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Solid body; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Medicine; Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score_opus":0.016905441595932227,"score_gpt":0.23158401606925832,"score_spread":0.2146785744733261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216788873","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001717625,0.0019212154,0.04971407,0.00013325509,0.00037414787,0.0002734972,0.0000990662,0.00082165655,0.9464913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1986846,0.000095118674,0.0021172706,0.000101942314,0.00021459002,0.0000075371536,0.00015844252,0.00018263877,0.79843783],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896705,0.0000048067527,0.00028835385,0.00028084745,0.00027020578,0.0001887559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914044,0.00012403294,0.00004842259,0.0004215861,0.00020277257,0.000062753534],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000023625838,0.00039786162,0.00040564057,0.00011365553,0.000069203285,0.000063463296,0.0001231514,0.00024948767,0.003750999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016935677,0.00033062935,0.00007502307,0.00005085686,0.00004999483,0.00009857929,0.00007584324,0.0003492212,0.00021317748],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002907243,0.000015978474,0.000041642776,0.00062219443,0.004594258,0.00012035164,0.0011491562,0.37033182,0.0028391632,0.56702846,0.04964524,0.0035826447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010919173,0.00007707139,0.00014307087,0.0007172428,0.0007059287,0.00004020778,0.00019742415,0.050104406,0.0025198623,0.005385098,0.9368206,0.0021971387],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002954283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010006609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8871754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010512803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033127642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W39278386","doi":"10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.09.009","title":"A FINITE VOLUME METHOD TO SOLVE THE COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM ON UNSTRUCTURED MESH","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Mitacs; Alberta Health","keywords":"Finite volume method; Compressibility; Volume (thermodynamics); Mechanics; Computer science; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.039123236394863564,"score_gpt":0.28917240371904906,"score_spread":0.2500491673241855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W39278386","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011610761,0.0004937678,0.7806777,0.00086409994,0.0016563451,0.000899092,0.000038098,0.0018714325,0.20188873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9589727,0.0000014391977,0.03850653,0.00031942924,0.00017373463,0.000046350564,0.0000037397062,0.000040548828,0.0019355274],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989649,0.00005248826,0.00024495387,0.00017997377,0.0003089838,0.0002487027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990628,0.00026950552,0.000029807807,0.00038290024,0.00012562204,0.00012939039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032919107,0.00019257623,0.00025878122,0.00007214155,0.000101566344,0.000073156894,0.00022031655,0.000060111295,0.000034443146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005661205,0.00012166245,0.000057626286,0.00024544157,0.000020482095,0.000092561495,0.00008264207,0.00013739514,0.00050857675],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018008854,0.0000056657295,0.0001726802,0.000053321164,0.00012258264,0.0000036789372,0.002020984,0.9493117,0.00015378429,0.009672604,0.036229365,0.0022356582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070329086,0.00006135827,0.0012948712,0.000084092084,0.00006279844,0.000008274258,0.003110559,0.8347821,0.0019315481,0.0003020855,0.15729824,0.00036075118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039650582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017699449,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94736195,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010860405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017532122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65368944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W41569711","doi":"","title":"Direct numerical simulation of multiphase flow systems: a Lagrange multiplier/fictitious domain method and its parallel implementation","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lagrange multiplier; Solver; Fictitious domain method; Direct numerical simulation; Immersed boundary method; Compressibility; Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary value problem; Computer simulation; Computer science; Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Applied mathematics; Incompressible flow; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Geometry; Reynolds number; Simulation","score_opus":0.02320946064042182,"score_gpt":0.29562017364279325,"score_spread":0.2724107130023714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W41569711","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00053945143,0.0133211315,0.07149882,0.000024996205,0.00096493727,0.0042799413,0.00076989003,0.0006524595,0.9079484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.53285414,0.0011609684,0.08726915,0.00025789012,0.00084013864,0.00081402325,0.0005501742,0.0010998702,0.37515363],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978311,0.00010257724,0.00090227486,0.00044441118,0.00041209822,0.00030752667],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857104,0.00046779047,0.00030452016,0.00032057933,0.00021411448,0.000121977384],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037469453,0.0005587374,0.00092025544,0.00023497494,0.00011898084,0.00004311114,0.00010019598,0.0003035915,0.00004970351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025289628,0.0005657692,0.00017639033,0.00003437378,0.0000440672,0.00010941797,0.000051845,0.00025391203,0.0000240421],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043716627,0.000016115655,0.00001527269,0.00091388816,0.0007758678,0.000018439843,0.0018626939,0.66216874,0.00020346446,0.0011317678,0.0001000286,0.33275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002905594,0.00008392311,0.00002987125,0.00040010505,0.0005335095,0.000018537225,0.00013607115,0.4762517,0.0001206838,0.0006269728,0.51786643,0.0010266163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000017702228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013404658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5327947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015552707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020053918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200364189","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.12.090","title":"Modeling microbial growth of dynamic membrane in a biohydrogen production bioreactor","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Biohydrogen; Dark fermentation; Fermentative hydrogen production; Bioreactor; Hydrogen production; Materials science; Membrane; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Hydrogen; Biochemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.01071718675782206,"score_gpt":0.23605512765307782,"score_spread":0.22533794089525574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200364189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947628,0.001051774,0.0027776246,0.00025634645,0.0009400997,0.000021189446,0.000010970827,0.00001947796,0.00015971651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840266,0.000492238,0.00079604733,0.000024809564,0.0002150302,0.0000014031364,0.000012508708,0.000024004788,0.00003131398],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987262,0.000030795574,0.00064434303,0.00011471124,0.0003613181,0.00012264398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990547,0.000030813735,0.00013538894,0.00009040913,0.0006509172,0.000037774633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014651613,0.000119566546,0.00024235052,0.00037943086,0.000012061239,0.000015823429,0.0002048704,0.00005550619,0.000023995703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009836778,0.00011946138,0.00012927328,0.00022489725,0.000023579885,0.0002574219,0.00004649883,0.000107528664,0.000001982991],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031573214,0.00006131631,0.00026731135,0.0000140417405,0.0003383885,0.000083306804,0.00019004894,0.52549803,0.47253463,0.00019653174,0.000016490936,0.00076834374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077110576,0.0000178336,0.00011982751,0.00013558476,0.00003846124,0.0003678339,0.00008055835,0.35111675,0.6461753,0.00068455446,0.00033448864,0.00015769177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045433128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012540734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17438129,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017515117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006303424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4871494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200601532","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012001","title":"Drying of porous materials at pore scale using lattice Boltzmann and pore network models","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Capillary action; Materials science; Porosity; Mechanics; Moisture; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.04111391887492697,"score_gpt":0.2538712024745947,"score_spread":0.21275728359966775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200601532","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98889655,0.001507785,0.008359328,0.00006723131,0.00038463713,0.000058990317,0.000023296412,0.000027253893,0.0006749455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927289,0.00046023913,0.0062955976,0.000020239495,0.0003693658,5.305124e-7,0.000007602398,0.000030376947,0.00008714659],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987901,0.000043350527,0.0005650912,0.000115391056,0.00026503793,0.0002210733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987407,0.00007363705,0.00033408654,0.00015737988,0.0006273751,0.00006683958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001755277,0.00018495857,0.00054477784,0.00003366304,0.00011266413,0.0000778521,0.000097227756,0.000065114866,0.000027581438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020789088,0.00017669689,0.00007902339,0.00015334194,0.000104928535,0.00085925125,0.0001292888,0.00013186388,7.5160557e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011054297,0.00003722832,0.0029927443,0.000607386,0.00062824605,0.00014351656,0.0057139527,0.82094455,0.14952746,0.014103347,0.00021037535,0.0049806507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00162482,0.00018006223,0.0052884594,0.001560693,0.00078087574,0.0008653298,0.005275304,0.038924787,0.8477888,0.09610947,0.0005909293,0.0010104384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004005924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009141673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78201973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047907466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007740806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72054905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205627676","doi":"10.1007/s00466-021-02136-9","title":"A hybrid lattice Boltzmann-molecular dynamics-immersed boundary method model for the simulation of composite foams","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Autodesk","keywords":"Materials science; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Composite number; Composite material; Polymer; Boundary value problem; Molecular dynamics; Bubble; Solver; Thermal conductivity; Mechanics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.02385634457575273,"score_gpt":0.2910883410521766,"score_spread":0.26723199647642387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205627676","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008260115,0.00050094625,0.98947835,0.000239649,0.00035917622,0.00060432503,0.0003285922,0.0001394623,0.0000893918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92070216,0.0000028265156,0.07859997,0.00024627385,0.000026591024,0.000114226066,0.00021810051,0.000054402022,0.0000354271],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863845,0.0000723484,0.00040685362,0.00021211935,0.0004695695,0.0002006637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979465,0.0014133507,0.00012989895,0.0002110164,0.00026258765,0.00003666018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046404885,0.0001785097,0.00024075912,0.00010713517,0.00043942474,0.00003220283,0.00024277049,0.00002889594,0.000014787148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005143513,0.00017989417,0.00014750221,0.00020504638,0.00002099303,0.00010496088,0.00015329813,0.00017458458,0.0000026360146],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038711692,0.000029988303,0.0000025278587,0.000056806126,0.00019125712,0.0000012683619,0.0004776003,0.9535224,0.00027198158,0.04294032,0.00009036117,0.0023767925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005776228,0.00003832335,0.000018906892,0.0000060871816,0.00011579098,0.0000047594526,0.00014900435,0.9125796,0.000109538,0.085787416,0.00043979072,0.00017317888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024687947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013621606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9124421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026286827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008145856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7335871},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210263034","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-69136","title":"Numerical Modeling of a T-Junction Static Micromixer With a Periodic Porous Architecture","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Micromixer; Microchannel; Mixing (physics); Pressure drop; Laminar flow; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Materials science; Gyroid; Porosity; Microfluidics; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Nanotechnology; Turbulence","score_opus":0.011332150209375424,"score_gpt":0.2144304144537023,"score_spread":0.2030982642443269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210263034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5460113,0.00025388814,0.44957152,0.00008940285,0.000050050123,0.00006370197,0.0000018189522,0.00014760613,0.0038106758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9839409,0.000009025971,0.015790192,0.00005216609,0.000020556503,0.0000061082856,0.000005022105,0.000022627733,0.00015341539],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943864,0.000012949902,0.00016694627,0.00011782193,0.0001360945,0.00012753655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968976,0.00003461366,0.000016172453,0.0001350448,0.000094146926,0.000030274643],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000029439527,0.0001029313,0.00017677301,0.000042270643,0.00003072091,0.000014921105,0.000029944853,0.000028547985,0.00009430531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014671392,0.000079860234,0.000030458214,0.0001798815,0.00001784414,0.00005068707,0.000013977189,0.00009002119,0.000010925516],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012584711,0.000014343437,0.00034431077,0.00007715177,0.00008012226,0.000008706416,0.0009191668,0.9952696,0.002317916,0.000058854614,0.00005605289,0.0008412058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048969133,0.000033008448,0.00050898857,0.000037309546,0.000045524852,0.000041615003,0.00075256475,0.9954212,0.0020535747,0.00014550063,0.0003080388,0.00016301608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021536063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018995728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43792954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002608634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024191415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3256606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210421207","doi":"10.1063/5.0079404","title":"Equations of state for single-component and multi-component multiphase lattice Boltzmann method","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphase flow; Component (thermodynamics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Physics; Hagen–Poiseuille equation; Mechanics; Cohesion (chemistry); Azeotrope; Mixing (physics); Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.06100463875556366,"score_gpt":0.3088028552009372,"score_spread":0.24779821644537353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210421207","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28747705,0.00054992223,0.71074355,0.000050171908,0.00017344306,0.00045928694,0.00035891656,0.00009120108,0.000096424745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90883625,0.000013173159,0.090901434,0.000017098128,0.000032021722,0.0000926482,0.00003928224,0.00003855469,0.000029511852],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989234,0.000053708223,0.0004090905,0.0001786739,0.00024736146,0.00018776678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987275,0.00075395656,0.00009666722,0.00022872447,0.00014613436,0.0000469958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027162672,0.00015996487,0.00033571196,0.00007825523,0.00013429328,0.00000946307,0.00012068254,0.000017529766,0.0000072881835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005309236,0.00017969344,0.0000987573,0.00016750555,0.000053021737,0.00013088658,0.00013332286,0.00009481063,0.0000011757916],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039783237,0.00037970234,0.00011766491,0.00024798236,0.00022836057,5.9372906e-7,0.0033016982,0.5193116,0.4658952,0.0027717447,0.000064420536,0.0076412465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018314483,0.00011036523,0.00058192137,0.000016255492,0.000109978566,8.2846816e-7,0.000318751,0.9378682,0.056569416,0.00136215,0.0010191211,0.00021156769],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028957922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002223692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6213592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005958397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011939006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73276854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210666611","doi":"10.3390/math10030501","title":"Integrating a Stabilized Radial Basis Function Method with Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Radial basis function; Interpolation (computer graphics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computer science; Stability (learning theory); Dependency (UML); Benchmark (surveying); Basis function; Meshfree methods; Lattice (music); Basis (linear algebra); Function (biology); Algorithm; Applied mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Node (physics); Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Artificial intelligence; Finite element method; Artificial neural network; Machine learning; Geometry; Physics; Mechanics; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.027178051673688544,"score_gpt":0.28724588825354885,"score_spread":0.2600678365798603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210666611","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02301277,0.00015992892,0.9646855,0.00010414467,0.00028753697,0.00043529025,0.000023888204,0.00069950306,0.01059145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.12536308,0.0000042595234,0.87350905,0.00011483092,0.000098630815,0.00024734056,0.000013038292,0.00011093888,0.00053885014],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983917,0.00017665738,0.00042986346,0.00023533303,0.00047393786,0.00029250866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983131,0.0010532973,0.00011346545,0.00036890316,0.00008793338,0.00006324328],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010939622,0.00025453424,0.00041540788,0.00014472003,0.0003322059,0.00006050688,0.00016929135,0.000044086555,0.00047813778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016124206,0.00021860356,0.00008696957,0.00050493627,0.000022777964,0.0001605243,0.00012403734,0.00035588694,0.00002955792],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019268905,0.00037841016,0.00054248143,0.0012742016,0.0014308247,0.000030066532,0.040884525,0.8758724,0.0045026117,0.041683756,0.00409255,0.029115532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012055357,0.00016599192,0.0001430839,0.000036152527,0.00037130452,0.000048430047,0.010887728,0.96210444,0.0007660939,0.006436102,0.01736054,0.00047461645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010253601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001615312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10235031,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018649026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025558982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89143944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211150394","doi":"10.1002/fld.4860","title":"Issue Information","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.04029567509791309,"score_gpt":0.4259630971855366,"score_spread":0.3856674220876235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211150394","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000024034422,0.0033125936,0.8966174,0.000517284,0.056149364,0.0002158447,0.00014845346,0.000057994308,0.042956993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005292033,0.00443883,0.9469841,0.0012824585,0.007020487,0.00017914007,0.000673176,0.00016502677,0.038727574],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99760574,0.00017822241,0.0011441583,0.00017929367,0.00056158775,0.0003309688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99782956,0.00086050073,0.00018331398,0.00017266737,0.0008415509,0.00011241742],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007703189,0.00034178764,0.00059626217,0.00056307064,0.00007665471,0.00035178688,0.0005738415,0.0003333743,0.002675944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009465068,0.00033540974,0.00031177333,0.0002727298,0.00003453624,0.00063906814,0.00012387475,0.0008717156,0.0012358583],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049327282,0.000033982116,0.000017696944,0.00012047666,0.00066335994,0.000014742243,0.00050023635,0.095215656,0.00025615306,0.00019434407,0.6598289,0.2431051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006465556,0.000028182414,0.000058637837,0.00018624953,0.000030380972,0.00006877607,0.00012587475,0.040938042,0.0005969285,0.0005759815,0.9564062,0.0003382317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006486232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.754916e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29657724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006174425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009601431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212865853","doi":"10.1016/j.cpc.2022.108318","title":"LAMMPS lb/fluid fix version 2: Improved hydrodynamic forces implemented into LAMMPS through a lattice-Boltzmann fluid","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Physics Communications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Interpolation (computer graphics); Fluid simulation; Computational science; Python (programming language); Fluid dynamics; Algorithm; Programming language; Computer graphics (images); Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.02388857101583839,"score_gpt":0.27353297120826,"score_spread":0.2496444001924216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4212865853","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36022767,0.005458762,0.60438836,0.004424994,0.0027350474,0.0033015492,0.0007271504,0.0048612785,0.013875186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9466869,0.00029828958,0.051083855,0.00033719293,0.00020248246,0.00029469994,0.0008618066,0.00010084494,0.00013393063],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981072,0.00019613319,0.0005577848,0.0003620092,0.00034237222,0.0004345277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996755,0.00044692433,0.00013816997,0.002392354,0.000190112,0.00007742808],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021924356,0.00035312536,0.0003818978,0.000102636,0.001499144,0.000114240065,0.0015234667,0.000053936237,0.00006934858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001227839,0.00041377457,0.00019142957,0.00067272864,0.0001410099,0.0005879525,0.0030343966,0.0005066859,0.00011064659],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006913347,0.0009790836,0.0010506919,0.0003595113,0.0018371851,0.000007112967,0.030573463,0.82288957,0.024610084,0.053006098,0.03534573,0.029272355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083146844,0.00007383767,0.00046792495,0.000020418962,0.000082261446,0.0000029277949,0.00041945046,0.909185,0.00013756956,0.004660012,0.08371399,0.00040516714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000110888934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007022503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5864592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003681851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004462089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220940798","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-egu22-8636","title":"Finite-Volume Flux Reconstruction and Semi-Analytical Particle Tracking for Finite-Element-Type Models of Variably Saturated Flow in Porous Media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Flow (mathematics); Conservation of mass; Finite volume method; Tracking (education); Type (biology); Mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.05092100006939977,"score_gpt":0.2726067841556164,"score_spread":0.22168578408621664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220940798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8059434,0.0012135,0.18448025,0.0002358532,0.0021536516,0.0017084844,0.00048751335,0.0005923511,0.0031849714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98993963,0.00009864211,0.009334202,0.000021840506,0.00006649045,0.000072583636,0.00019440876,0.000048948405,0.00022324419],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982249,0.000056145178,0.00079598767,0.00038317402,0.00023997795,0.00029978092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984216,0.00092590787,0.000116189025,0.0002786477,0.00019319775,0.000064462605],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045381486,0.00026941695,0.00057199236,0.00017951801,0.00005899832,0.000048442467,0.000122153,0.00020811542,0.0005271103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046420316,0.00028613186,0.000076985925,0.00029337645,0.000049435486,0.00018768299,0.00023629474,0.00042814916,0.000002732689],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005988993,0.000022752469,0.0022915308,0.00023988936,0.00020126774,0.0000023915743,0.0010482456,0.991722,0.000079122656,0.0004784382,0.00018473231,0.0036697602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067447376,0.000028709836,0.0012344599,0.00005689872,0.00014283104,0.000001954324,0.00052729074,0.99278414,0.0002105852,0.0039317487,0.00012656821,0.0002803087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039454342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006974382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18399622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015544402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055960536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999591},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229042543","doi":"10.1002/fld.5004","title":"Issue Information","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.039426387205842815,"score_gpt":0.4228433947635484,"score_spread":0.3834170075577056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229042543","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000021817486,0.0020055473,0.8627047,0.0005253865,0.07060202,0.000335709,0.00030401628,0.000082782986,0.06341803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007931937,0.004535683,0.912848,0.0021603068,0.008192319,0.0006791153,0.0011183562,0.0002970826,0.06937597],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.997464,0.00021181794,0.0011248166,0.00017213488,0.0006932698,0.0003339841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982088,0.00091393344,0.00021058357,0.00016612803,0.0004001616,0.00010034665],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010469918,0.00033170887,0.00053059694,0.0007638637,0.00013439919,0.00023614494,0.0007843113,0.00021451635,0.010763283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00065469573,0.00033356826,0.00029086208,0.0002848524,0.000032823064,0.0006234349,0.00019003468,0.0011112873,0.0013676542],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068203735,0.00002688386,0.000012927088,0.00006321073,0.00041689113,0.000006610833,0.00046300446,0.17370059,0.00007545584,0.0001768969,0.6436064,0.18138291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006574312,0.000052155276,0.000044889537,0.000052386527,0.000026441618,0.000054357737,0.00013776902,0.046455476,0.0001235336,0.0007684991,0.9512978,0.00032924901],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000902722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.967908e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3076914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009894217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075004275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232460189","doi":"10.22541/au.157979740.04294972","title":"Computing Viscous Flow Along a 2D Open Channel Using the Immersed Interface Method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Authorea","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Classification of discontinuities; Stokes flow; Viscous liquid; Mechanics; Compressibility; Open-channel flow; Boundary value problem; Flow (mathematics); Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary (topology); Channel (broadcasting); Interface (matter); Navier–Stokes equations; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Computer science; Bubble","score_opus":0.0730741150162608,"score_gpt":0.36296646777141317,"score_spread":0.28989235275515235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4232460189","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006969236,0.00056051067,0.22633056,0.00027797252,0.00176273,0.0010140496,0.76944035,0.0002782932,0.0002658617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.024288133,0.000102092534,0.035065513,0.00079695386,0.0012028615,0.000055788052,0.93808913,0.00031807853,0.00008141964],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979599,0.00020684628,0.00056147634,0.0004982842,0.00031954676,0.00045392086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840283,0.0005246003,0.00018783637,0.00069527514,0.00008292626,0.00010651747],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006539357,0.0005258519,0.00074920914,0.00010150758,0.00034179178,0.0003546134,0.001204371,0.0002435904,0.000050467177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016974985,0.00041821066,0.00013982951,0.0003510889,0.00006192449,0.00017284948,0.001403979,0.0008962373,0.00023584923],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008459097,0.0000075500234,9.730712e-7,0.00011307926,0.00036947583,0.000023267632,0.0009430581,0.2823978,0.000036016234,0.0000039324623,0.7153342,0.0007622001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026629935,0.00001289227,0.000021119622,0.00017324288,0.00026114043,0.000016793698,0.00048417368,0.6091485,0.0000748889,0.000033694152,0.38909948,0.00040774897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011792092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002169188,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32675073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014702734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000558573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4232878704","doi":"10.1145/3264148","title":"Session details: Fluid simulation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Session (web analytics); Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Fluid simulation; World Wide Web; Mechanics","score_opus":0.028474293921828243,"score_gpt":0.27993884682064474,"score_spread":0.2514645528988165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4232878704","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14281452,0.00028822097,0.8522905,0.0006939915,0.0004996396,0.00027265117,0.000015563444,0.001380329,0.0017445676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977382,0.0001927516,0.0015866281,0.00033670003,0.000041600655,0.000008410534,0.000005558534,0.000024437404,0.00006572706],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991452,0.000020798067,0.00023334,0.00016882693,0.0002322618,0.00019958014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918395,0.00021595291,0.000021592989,0.00043834368,0.00007572012,0.00006442426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008359229,0.00017423014,0.00014723597,0.00024189174,0.00022440357,0.000032925796,0.00014028607,0.00011496222,0.000054020893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026369153,0.00017135705,0.00010339764,0.0005013769,0.000026522943,0.00027414417,0.0000015320593,0.00022267165,0.00007065679],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012408755,0.00004757052,0.00006490369,0.0000104729515,0.00003753564,0.0000015007828,0.00019627744,0.9650655,0.00067661406,0.00024192309,0.00010046824,0.033544827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012057606,0.00022534304,0.02315545,0.00009261096,0.00016373099,0.000004800722,0.00017105594,0.9405252,0.005573552,0.014247959,0.013892851,0.000741736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012713301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007495508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85492367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003972732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006770786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69877374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234926042","doi":"10.1016/j.crme.2012.04.002","title":"Foreword","year":2012,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Comptes Rendus Mécanique","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy","score_opus":0.0381305212766367,"score_gpt":0.27654031001915896,"score_spread":0.23840978874252228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4234926042","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23386852,0.4885409,0.081400946,0.0058854152,0.022519488,0.0011227652,0.00035137465,0.0019284282,0.16438219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96592677,0.0010911655,0.012154401,0.0002313089,0.0020441478,0.000038675393,0.00001817892,0.00010978807,0.018385593],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812967,0.0000954107,0.0004190192,0.00021346746,0.0002229537,0.00091949693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987583,0.00032551837,0.000075979755,0.0004315312,0.00009824801,0.00031038368],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028281138,0.00036751735,0.0003963006,0.00010387773,0.00014773647,0.000040111812,0.0002084561,0.00026756563,0.0036744867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007429914,0.00040821324,0.000142577,0.00027923234,0.00012899065,0.0005107474,0.00016136726,0.0004515082,0.004432558],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001784592,0.0003099183,0.10119549,0.0007186862,0.00073137315,0.000022698569,0.0051934836,0.013815793,0.001064592,0.13814387,0.68192476,0.05686147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044967755,0.000041452793,0.05594556,0.0002277192,0.00014627939,0.000046031557,0.00025443526,0.016361738,0.0031516943,0.0012491383,0.9213976,0.0007286245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014161941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029273879,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7320582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032585222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003002098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4236791436","doi":"10.2523/68335-ms","title":"An Experimental Study to Evaluate Water Vaporisation and Formation Damage Caused by Dry Gas Flow Through Porous Media","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","keywords":"Porous medium; Flow (mathematics); Porosity; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Dry gas; Environmental science; Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.030332157012632362,"score_gpt":0.29897855768848713,"score_spread":0.26864640067585477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4236791436","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902635,0.00006989411,0.0071373046,0.00006619284,0.00017659305,0.0005193411,0.000004639406,0.0003333688,0.0014291283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985013,0.000013099075,0.0011059473,0.00009015785,0.000068873866,0.000044217806,0.00007250055,0.000028851635,0.000075061565],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999043,0.000042233107,0.00025469618,0.00017499781,0.00027295036,0.00021211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964064,0.000029004932,0.000015657639,0.00019150962,0.000053328025,0.00006983861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019286672,0.00016442763,0.00015326061,0.00005402045,0.00010737174,0.00007038621,0.000058261427,0.000032893975,0.00015864735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008709208,0.00012765525,0.000013069609,0.00008025231,0.000012664839,0.0009890771,0.000038048485,0.00005114607,0.00008200506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012625381,0.0011966411,0.021734057,0.000048948903,0.0002640699,0.00003869528,0.5507576,0.23275305,0.17932053,0.000053574306,0.0068943934,0.0068122377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0053562615,0.0009629753,0.028655497,0.000016163227,0.00013761054,0.000007402405,0.06675271,0.7010435,0.19382118,0.0002603922,0.0019194414,0.0010668932],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005772777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012670798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48400486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087892666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021721298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.520563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237020750","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14664936","title":"Immersed boundary (IB) - Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) coupled with Adaptive MESH Refinement (AMR) techniques for simulation of Incompressible Viscous Flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Interpolation (computer graphics); Adaptive mesh refinement; Immersed boundary method; Cylinder; Computer science; Boundary value problem; Compressibility; Incompressible flow; Boundary (topology); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Mesh generation; Mathematics; Physics; Geometry; Computational science; Mathematical analysis; Finite element method; Artificial intelligence; Motion (physics)","score_opus":0.033010650306473724,"score_gpt":0.3149875780458491,"score_spread":0.2819769277393754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237020750","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0065825926,0.0011031732,0.98214936,0.00009411439,0.0003763465,0.0024328008,0.00016171887,0.00091185025,0.006188037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4595507,0.0001011982,0.53865385,0.00007914635,0.00014876257,0.00058155734,0.0003106289,0.00016036387,0.00041378598],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967785,0.00010976264,0.0011192623,0.00082215323,0.00068680634,0.00048350383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962876,0.0010257891,0.00043716698,0.0009535364,0.0011887992,0.00010712394],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071558595,0.00076208444,0.0013491465,0.0003435268,0.0001869,0.00015681385,0.00034352706,0.00044720471,0.000103432496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009971905,0.00069110096,0.00029803184,0.0003251345,0.000115843955,0.00029240554,0.00053332024,0.0005521582,0.0000021394942],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026360745,0.00010282202,0.000041224914,0.0013348961,0.0014383154,0.0000071575846,0.0010417267,0.9899303,0.0015925056,0.00023106654,0.00036548352,0.0036509368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011868792,0.00016321422,0.00021587817,0.0006932484,0.0006348569,0.0000019322445,0.0008621778,0.9789717,0.014024306,0.0006804965,0.0017772275,0.0007880628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001621718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001778345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45296812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031761633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022576348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99955404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238152418","doi":"10.2118/202022-ms","title":"Methods for Studying Two-Phase Flows in Porous Media: Numerical Simulation and Experiments on Microfluidics Chips","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Microfluidics; Materials science; Polydimethylsiloxane; Volume of fluid method; Drag; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Volumetric flow rate; Wetting; Displacement (psychology); Flow (mathematics); Porosity; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.06662823750031786,"score_gpt":0.3703599782433111,"score_spread":0.30373174074299325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4238152418","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49919373,0.0017308771,0.4941418,0.0026348066,0.00022970399,0.000522855,0.000021871583,0.0008454728,0.0006789034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96299833,0.00006832978,0.03661102,0.00011719227,0.00006013867,0.00008691942,0.000009548524,0.000043985565,0.0000045268175],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861056,0.0000534399,0.0004176026,0.00042938025,0.000120748715,0.0003682751],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992635,0.00030380386,0.000067821245,0.00023532932,0.00003387778,0.00009566761],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017201624,0.0002837605,0.00047888936,0.0003035311,0.00009310044,0.000035909812,0.00020528641,0.00020452937,0.000017927527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024125345,0.00028686156,0.000038139628,0.0003535934,0.00009349741,0.00011498999,0.00010597627,0.0003656645,0.000015811067],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075572275,0.0005939942,0.0147687625,0.00036224537,0.00059143745,0.00011716371,0.010694599,0.2539305,0.13316405,0.05573444,0.00013580803,0.52915126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040464993,0.00029176747,0.0007447179,0.000046706235,0.000036057423,0.0000034381446,0.0007791412,0.97656155,0.01299003,0.0022213277,0.001890083,0.00038869603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002458647,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033039198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72263104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008233293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024355866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239133526","doi":"10.20944/preprints201804.0116.v2","title":"A New Analytical Procedure to Solve Two Phase Flow in Tubes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fanshawe College; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Curvature; Azimuth; Mathematical analysis; Flow (mathematics); Function (biology); Mechanics; Tube (container); Mathematics; Physics; Phase (matter); Geometry; Classical mechanics; Materials science","score_opus":0.10953975989666034,"score_gpt":0.3870023171141718,"score_spread":0.27746255721751145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239133526","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97461814,0.00016707924,0.008728434,0.000414877,0.0008330539,0.001132245,0.000032402844,0.000767809,0.013305972],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99334246,0.00003290687,0.0047672032,0.00013558076,0.0007760389,0.0001691335,0.000026823735,0.000112747104,0.000637112],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99715215,0.000032657863,0.00075660116,0.0010229694,0.00043799137,0.0005976332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981553,0.000103565435,0.000052229883,0.0011635578,0.00017645949,0.00034891782],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043117927,0.00056519726,0.0007535918,0.00040283843,0.000055038323,0.000050063496,0.0006110747,0.00032366606,0.0010626318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050840294,0.0006045732,0.00019164676,0.0003978724,0.000056493132,0.00013400408,0.0017091332,0.00089455786,0.004071813],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019029931,0.0002981336,0.31844005,0.0008391239,0.00076678017,0.00006824538,0.008862494,0.6598971,0.002117961,0.00037070524,0.005419608,0.0027295274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054949187,0.000083137566,0.28450003,0.0013910877,0.00037239186,0.000016139478,0.00027435852,0.6659278,0.017166559,0.0052099633,0.016913874,0.0026497175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106950996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000197467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033940032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034822835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018056926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239140766","doi":"10.1002/fld.4428","title":"Issue Information","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Rice University","keywords":"Computer science; Applied mathematics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04050426142427169,"score_gpt":0.4299649837342405,"score_spread":0.38946072230996887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239140766","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003126465,0.001077751,0.8820112,0.00036233978,0.061695818,0.00026470426,0.00015331217,0.000071685594,0.054331947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006526173,0.00207609,0.9465583,0.0011603647,0.012295379,0.00017494519,0.00036995797,0.00017659491,0.036535744],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976307,0.00014519428,0.0011447323,0.00017452643,0.0005512443,0.00035356576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791926,0.00072814187,0.00020996746,0.00017512172,0.0008517946,0.00011574016],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009517723,0.00035474423,0.00053972966,0.0006827314,0.00009054099,0.00029421403,0.0007201271,0.00034696714,0.0028317648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008275889,0.00033276246,0.00026185138,0.00023368785,0.0000635422,0.0007166993,0.00011637365,0.0007072235,0.0038414719],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069180496,0.000021474729,0.00001348111,0.00006948185,0.00043304966,0.000003353107,0.0004486753,0.021018527,0.00011139278,0.0001079201,0.83529276,0.14241071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006473073,0.00006088741,0.000057582492,0.00014410567,0.000027754471,0.00004254424,0.000063427615,0.047336515,0.00045333098,0.0011223851,0.94970626,0.00033789006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065593895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.262348e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14207281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006061711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006592685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4239785812","doi":"10.1002/fld.4611","title":"Issue Information","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.04473893962170035,"score_gpt":0.4217724184687588,"score_spread":0.37703347884705846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4239785812","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009116154,0.0013726406,0.91497636,0.0012872423,0.041808665,0.00027884252,0.00018227255,0.00008437843,0.040000506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00093554583,0.0029454306,0.9680859,0.0026097263,0.009174535,0.00018732443,0.0004970506,0.00019602341,0.015368507],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976922,0.00014141263,0.0011357602,0.00017610655,0.00054721266,0.00030728197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982803,0.0007422932,0.00019478175,0.00013065214,0.00050390145,0.00014810765],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000568382,0.0003513792,0.00058893574,0.00048170605,0.00006950401,0.00028013266,0.0006861461,0.00029347945,0.0015579974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094025204,0.00033787458,0.0002840333,0.00025832216,0.000035427973,0.0006466776,0.00011885274,0.0009344707,0.0028330944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080901125,0.000018073237,0.000011706302,0.0001055436,0.00049065956,0.0000076701,0.00059310003,0.06848359,0.00017884663,0.00017272001,0.74353945,0.18631771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006473758,0.000047368863,0.00003989544,0.000103963226,0.000028515227,0.00003101958,0.0000774122,0.08114358,0.0003369489,0.0007512887,0.91647345,0.00031919626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004888025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.414865e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18599851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050977984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067515146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240875160","doi":"10.32920/14637081.v1","title":"Effect of Fluid Friction on Interstitial Fluid Flow Coupled with Blood Flow through Solid Tumor Microvascular Network","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluid dynamics; Interstitial fluid; Mechanics; Porous medium; Darcy's law; Capillary action; Flow (mathematics); Flow velocity; Extravasation; Blood flow; Extracellular fluid; Diffusion; Materials science; Convection; Herschel–Bulkley fluid; Chemistry; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Physics; Medicine; Pathology; Extracellular; Composite material","score_opus":0.008016469833295146,"score_gpt":0.2320710751002397,"score_spread":0.22405460526694454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240875160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81676006,0.002661558,0.17256083,0.000031484316,0.0030576305,0.0013425897,0.00003080501,0.00092050235,0.00263454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98238474,0.00033988245,0.015624666,0.000084886175,0.00093516125,0.00015052789,0.00023796876,0.00017468394,0.00006749237],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973971,0.00015876906,0.0006993991,0.0006969728,0.00055376143,0.00049397646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982178,0.00036248317,0.00013804821,0.0009277814,0.000259586,0.00009428064],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038888378,0.00076589774,0.001322747,0.00011172023,0.00011677734,0.00010985938,0.00027666462,0.00030030467,0.00026032646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000092932154,0.00063208165,0.00045575234,0.00028685847,0.00008088567,0.00014924452,0.00038912738,0.00066521706,0.00003417264],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021345518,0.000060221366,0.00011012399,0.0012179061,0.002807151,0.000055375793,0.00051958906,0.99066025,0.0031010853,0.000017006241,0.0009937204,0.00024412347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023892967,0.00068624096,0.0001493718,0.0014740017,0.0014126152,0.00002489077,0.000081229635,0.9152514,0.07744837,0.000021260776,0.00028095426,0.00078040763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007594406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005959708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16562466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015636762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006771251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240900728","doi":"10.31224/osf.io/pbczw","title":"Permeability calculation of a fibrous thermal insulator using the Lattice Boltzmann method","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermal; Insulator (electricity); Lattice (music); Materials science; Statistical physics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Mechanics; Physics; Condensed matter physics; Computer science; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Acoustics","score_opus":0.05987078298048332,"score_gpt":0.32563396619853274,"score_spread":0.2657631832180494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240900728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73228765,0.0006508869,0.26095206,0.0003298494,0.0005470293,0.00088995096,0.00005563113,0.00055158994,0.0037353693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9574575,0.000010820713,0.042068772,0.00007924929,0.00023161042,0.000022424249,0.000016989277,0.0000729738,0.00003967115],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979426,0.00021138928,0.0007266411,0.00042195868,0.00043718587,0.00026018173],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99821943,0.0004983862,0.00019199241,0.0007764,0.00024225618,0.00007153683],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005064016,0.00039506576,0.00062731165,0.000073926916,0.0001078726,0.000057207006,0.00035111053,0.00028943043,0.00007201038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020355485,0.00029210106,0.00026639065,0.00023613896,0.00009506671,0.00012204182,0.00069498847,0.00061667047,0.000013050102],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016369137,0.000016740425,0.00199068,0.0006314593,0.00034991888,0.0000014122752,0.003085137,0.98847735,0.003988557,0.00053585804,0.00007003685,0.00083647965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021334535,0.000010627718,0.03265576,0.00006030262,0.00024877716,0.0000020865373,0.00022405108,0.9632733,0.0015676365,0.0010693113,0.0003503315,0.0003244917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019319892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000126772275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22516985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000158792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000721315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240944495","doi":"10.1002/fld.4599","title":"Issue Information","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.04473893962170035,"score_gpt":0.4217724184687588,"score_spread":0.37703347884705846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240944495","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009116154,0.0013726406,0.91497636,0.0012872423,0.041808665,0.00027884252,0.00018227255,0.00008437843,0.040000506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00093554583,0.0029454306,0.9680859,0.0026097263,0.009174535,0.00018732443,0.0004970506,0.00019602341,0.015368507],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976922,0.00014141263,0.0011357602,0.00017610655,0.00054721266,0.00030728197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982803,0.0007422932,0.00019478175,0.00013065214,0.00050390145,0.00014810765],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000568382,0.0003513792,0.00058893574,0.00048170605,0.00006950401,0.00028013266,0.0006861461,0.00029347945,0.0015579974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094025204,0.00033787458,0.0002840333,0.00025832216,0.000035427973,0.0006466776,0.00011885274,0.0009344707,0.0028330944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080901125,0.000018073237,0.000011706302,0.0001055436,0.00049065956,0.0000076701,0.00059310003,0.06848359,0.00017884663,0.00017272001,0.74353945,0.18631771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006473758,0.000047368863,0.00003989544,0.000103963226,0.000028515227,0.00003101958,0.0000774122,0.08114358,0.0003369489,0.0007512887,0.91647345,0.00031919626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004888025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.414865e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18599851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050977984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067515146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242718691","doi":"10.1002/fld.4613","title":"Issue Information","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.04473893962170035,"score_gpt":0.4217724184687588,"score_spread":0.37703347884705846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242718691","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009116154,0.0013726406,0.91497636,0.0012872423,0.041808665,0.00027884252,0.00018227255,0.00008437843,0.040000506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00093554583,0.0029454306,0.9680859,0.0026097263,0.009174535,0.00018732443,0.0004970506,0.00019602341,0.015368507],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976922,0.00014141263,0.0011357602,0.00017610655,0.00054721266,0.00030728197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982803,0.0007422932,0.00019478175,0.00013065214,0.00050390145,0.00014810765],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000568382,0.0003513792,0.00058893574,0.00048170605,0.00006950401,0.00028013266,0.0006861461,0.00029347945,0.0015579974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094025204,0.00033787458,0.0002840333,0.00025832216,0.000035427973,0.0006466776,0.00011885274,0.0009344707,0.0028330944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080901125,0.000018073237,0.000011706302,0.0001055436,0.00049065956,0.0000076701,0.00059310003,0.06848359,0.00017884663,0.00017272001,0.74353945,0.18631771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006473758,0.000047368863,0.00003989544,0.000103963226,0.000028515227,0.00003101958,0.0000774122,0.08114358,0.0003369489,0.0007512887,0.91647345,0.00031919626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004888025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.414865e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18599851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050977984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067515146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4244013797","doi":"10.32920/14637081","title":"Effect of Fluid Friction on Interstitial Fluid Flow Coupled with Blood Flow through Solid Tumor Microvascular Network","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Fluid dynamics; Interstitial fluid; Mechanics; Porous medium; Darcy's law; Capillary action; Flow velocity; Flow (mathematics); Extravasation; Blood flow; Extracellular fluid; Diffusion; Materials science; Convection; Chemistry; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Physics; Medicine; Pathology; Extracellular","score_opus":0.008016469833295146,"score_gpt":0.2320710751002397,"score_spread":0.22405460526694454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4244013797","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81676006,0.002661558,0.17256083,0.000031484316,0.0030576305,0.0013425897,0.00003080501,0.00092050235,0.00263454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98238474,0.00033988245,0.015624666,0.000084886175,0.00093516125,0.00015052789,0.00023796876,0.00017468394,0.00006749237],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973971,0.00015876906,0.0006993991,0.0006969728,0.00055376143,0.00049397646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982178,0.00036248317,0.00013804821,0.0009277814,0.000259586,0.00009428064],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038888378,0.00076589774,0.001322747,0.00011172023,0.00011677734,0.00010985938,0.00027666462,0.00030030467,0.00026032646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000092932154,0.00063208165,0.00045575234,0.00028685847,0.00008088567,0.00014924452,0.00038912738,0.00066521706,0.00003417264],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021345518,0.000060221366,0.00011012399,0.0012179061,0.002807151,0.000055375793,0.00051958906,0.99066025,0.0031010853,0.000017006241,0.0009937204,0.00024412347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023892967,0.00068624096,0.0001493718,0.0014740017,0.0014126152,0.00002489077,0.000081229635,0.9152514,0.07744837,0.000021260776,0.00028095426,0.00078040763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007594406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005959708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16562466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015636762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006771251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245695527","doi":"10.1002/fld.4859","title":"Issue Information","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.04473893962170035,"score_gpt":0.4217724184687588,"score_spread":0.37703347884705846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4245695527","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000009116154,0.0013726406,0.91497636,0.0012872423,0.041808665,0.00027884252,0.00018227255,0.00008437843,0.040000506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00093554583,0.0029454306,0.9680859,0.0026097263,0.009174535,0.00018732443,0.0004970506,0.00019602341,0.015368507],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976922,0.00014141263,0.0011357602,0.00017610655,0.00054721266,0.00030728197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982803,0.0007422932,0.00019478175,0.00013065214,0.00050390145,0.00014810765],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000568382,0.0003513792,0.00058893574,0.00048170605,0.00006950401,0.00028013266,0.0006861461,0.00029347945,0.0015579974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094025204,0.00033787458,0.0002840333,0.00025832216,0.000035427973,0.0006466776,0.00011885274,0.0009344707,0.0028330944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080901125,0.000018073237,0.000011706302,0.0001055436,0.00049065956,0.0000076701,0.00059310003,0.06848359,0.00017884663,0.00017272001,0.74353945,0.18631771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006473758,0.000047368863,0.00003989544,0.000103963226,0.000028515227,0.00003101958,0.0000774122,0.08114358,0.0003369489,0.0007512887,0.91647345,0.00031919626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004888025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.414865e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18599851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050977984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067515146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245940705","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14664936.v1","title":"Immersed boundary (IB) - Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) coupled with Adaptive MESH Refinement (AMR) techniques for simulation of Incompressible Viscous Flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Interpolation (computer graphics); Adaptive mesh refinement; Immersed boundary method; Cylinder; Computer science; Forcing (mathematics); Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Flow (mathematics); Compressibility; Incompressible flow; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Computational science; Mathematical analysis; Motion (physics); Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.033010650306473724,"score_gpt":0.3149875780458491,"score_spread":0.2819769277393754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4245940705","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0065825926,0.0011031732,0.98214936,0.00009411439,0.0003763465,0.0024328008,0.00016171887,0.00091185025,0.006188037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4595507,0.0001011982,0.53865385,0.00007914635,0.00014876257,0.00058155734,0.0003106289,0.00016036387,0.00041378598],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967785,0.00010976264,0.0011192623,0.00082215323,0.00068680634,0.00048350383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962876,0.0010257891,0.00043716698,0.0009535364,0.0011887992,0.00010712394],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071558595,0.00076208444,0.0013491465,0.0003435268,0.0001869,0.00015681385,0.00034352706,0.00044720471,0.000103432496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009971905,0.00069110096,0.00029803184,0.0003251345,0.000115843955,0.00029240554,0.00053332024,0.0005521582,0.0000021394942],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026360745,0.00010282202,0.000041224914,0.0013348961,0.0014383154,0.0000071575846,0.0010417267,0.9899303,0.0015925056,0.00023106654,0.00036548352,0.0036509368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011868792,0.00016321422,0.00021587817,0.0006932484,0.0006348569,0.0000019322445,0.0008621778,0.9789717,0.014024306,0.0006804965,0.0017772275,0.0007880628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001621718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001778345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45296812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031761633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022576348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99955404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246126145","doi":"10.1149/ma2011-01/29/1629","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Effective Thermal Conductivity of an Anisotropic Gas Diffusion Layer in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Electrolyte; Anisotropy; Materials science; Polymer; Membrane; Thermal conductivity; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Fuel cells; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Physics; Physical chemistry; Electrode; Engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.01993781743563665,"score_gpt":0.2284292952737854,"score_spread":0.20849147783814875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246126145","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96142393,0.00067987276,0.000015304468,0.000009115165,0.00014446225,0.00028373222,0.0000044532735,0.00007713691,0.037361965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99955,0.000018525925,0.00029856272,0.0000109811035,0.000047598238,0.000011727042,0.0000012067767,0.000043638905,0.00001778958],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998609,0.00012721859,0.00046540357,0.00022146925,0.00026030722,0.00031658149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991259,0.00021626153,0.00018705834,0.00033040607,0.00009059382,0.000049769005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041487822,0.00021664044,0.00034255764,0.00009707727,0.00006181695,0.000008989775,0.00020048062,0.0001098604,0.000011037865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000091351845,0.00017408933,0.000082908366,0.00021104053,0.000058106587,0.00024795494,0.00007332431,0.00030047394,0.000004826476],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000503223,0.00013480333,0.0043067555,0.00020540987,0.000034432804,0.0000028751235,0.003936945,0.44963527,0.54160655,0.000007044919,6.4971175e-7,0.000078929086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007348308,0.000055820852,0.08355122,0.000112623406,0.000046569337,0.000001752678,0.0002712123,0.17689846,0.7380203,0.00012682265,0.0000026406328,0.00017773386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006010419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010910831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27273682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044837325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001981514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70991576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4247077250","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4471-7423-3_8","title":"Isothermal Incompressible Fluid Flow","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Isothermal process; Isothermal flow; Fluid dynamics; Compressibility; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Physics; Computer science; Open-channel flow; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.018216677450510737,"score_gpt":0.22144264738956168,"score_spread":0.20322596993905095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4247077250","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000027740478,0.0014898814,0.002059324,0.000019656107,0.00069773383,0.00021320205,0.000030897354,0.0007487631,0.9947128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00566519,0.00018702436,0.0013617235,0.00010881486,0.00032096443,0.000004169914,0.00002532496,0.00017474419,0.99215204],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990972,0.0000026013881,0.00027080812,0.00021139906,0.00022183637,0.00019610237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993822,0.00006831266,0.000033351942,0.00041434693,0.00005476733,0.00004701443],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038565682,0.0003375432,0.00038575355,0.00011101415,0.000034298784,0.000032172244,0.00015800142,0.00025880648,0.004919957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002685332,0.00030874182,0.000118739044,0.000014154189,0.000028494713,0.00010208606,0.00009286727,0.00022775949,0.006646645],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019166971,0.000012741611,0.00008314311,0.0008539312,0.0014110376,0.000028211813,0.0003729331,0.5513665,0.0004427962,0.18042769,0.24611808,0.018863766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028268658,0.000012418761,0.00006105453,0.000109806446,0.00005263137,0.000002292401,0.000004334251,0.08448978,0.000097657474,0.0014242505,0.9129319,0.0005312031],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019128074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006892212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6668138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006644498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019360696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4248036809","doi":"10.1149/ma2011-01/29/1638","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Brine-Saturated Underground Porous Media","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Supercritical fluid; Brine; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Supercritical carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide; Materials science; Porosity; Petroleum engineering; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Chemistry; Geology; Physics; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03468386379952189,"score_gpt":0.2561219859440909,"score_spread":0.22143812214456904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4248036809","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9039334,0.00027022837,0.000017566183,0.000018576993,0.00030451734,0.00013871511,0.0000045257593,0.00024685523,0.0950656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998935,0.000014655311,0.0008442495,0.000016494867,0.00009555845,0.0000054279444,0.000009033627,0.00005796098,0.000021656246],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982617,0.000051396273,0.00072578876,0.00024642367,0.00031891378,0.00039576035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986025,0.0008534385,0.000051294286,0.00024791024,0.00014971926,0.00009510655],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041602785,0.00023887426,0.00034814148,0.00018454129,0.00003818273,0.000017127388,0.00013564843,0.00016414239,0.00001380242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007414973,0.00025874135,0.000047822097,0.0003054963,0.00006809423,0.00022786179,0.000046138157,0.00029593386,0.000020399686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031715306,0.000082040264,0.016204355,0.00016541615,0.000039303355,0.000059789905,0.0041121244,0.9600685,0.019134052,0.00003269497,0.0000099431345,0.00006005811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013593022,0.000046682548,0.71979433,0.00030576222,0.00009722195,0.000008494888,0.0012955281,0.15648271,0.11920373,0.0006790241,0.00007822482,0.0006490047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005019192,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002066115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8035858,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010134508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023175933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4251938296","doi":"10.1002/fld.4443","title":"Issue Information","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Rice University","keywords":"Computer science; Applied mathematics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04050426142427169,"score_gpt":0.4299649837342405,"score_spread":0.38946072230996887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4251938296","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003126465,0.001077751,0.8820112,0.00036233978,0.061695818,0.00026470426,0.00015331217,0.000071685594,0.054331947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006526173,0.00207609,0.9465583,0.0011603647,0.012295379,0.00017494519,0.00036995797,0.00017659491,0.036535744],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976307,0.00014519428,0.0011447323,0.00017452643,0.0005512443,0.00035356576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791926,0.00072814187,0.00020996746,0.00017512172,0.0008517946,0.00011574016],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009517723,0.00035474423,0.00053972966,0.0006827314,0.00009054099,0.00029421403,0.0007201271,0.00034696714,0.0028317648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008275889,0.00033276246,0.00026185138,0.00023368785,0.0000635422,0.0007166993,0.00011637365,0.0007072235,0.0038414719],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069180496,0.000021474729,0.00001348111,0.00006948185,0.00043304966,0.000003353107,0.0004486753,0.021018527,0.00011139278,0.0001079201,0.83529276,0.14241071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006473073,0.00006088741,0.000057582492,0.00014410567,0.000027754471,0.00004254424,0.000063427615,0.047336515,0.00045333098,0.0011223851,0.94970626,0.00033789006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000065593895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.262348e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14207281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006061711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006592685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254696097","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4471-7423-3","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Energy transport; Mass transfer; Physics; Lattice (music); Transport theory; Transport phenomena; Computer science; Mechanics; Engineering physics","score_opus":0.024670714063498467,"score_gpt":0.28248846415629997,"score_spread":0.2578177500928015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254696097","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000002950603,0.0014822063,0.022699356,0.00003927144,0.0010811172,0.00032970295,0.000029006731,0.0012111516,0.9731252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00007128671,0.00012480411,0.014555695,0.00023361137,0.00044716347,0.00001275928,0.000059003418,0.00019104255,0.9843046],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863386,0.000020005555,0.00037697033,0.00032343663,0.0003329215,0.00031281696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987207,0.00045658436,0.000058735182,0.0005884628,0.0001048786,0.00007061731],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001884959,0.00043910183,0.00060448365,0.00016842193,0.000041410818,0.00004907557,0.0002419906,0.00039665122,0.0010666759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022382912,0.00041272308,0.00017309516,0.000068105626,0.00002382229,0.00013091549,0.000110826135,0.00044854407,0.008543181],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029384626,0.0000056044228,0.0000108718505,0.0005349022,0.0005867276,0.000009457792,0.00018130375,0.027069788,0.000011850327,0.027960073,0.93984336,0.0037831021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021182126,0.00001065451,0.000040683863,0.00006505514,0.00014426677,0.0000040546483,0.000013482381,0.018455653,0.000027221602,0.0028845703,0.97761524,0.00052728126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020423802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006033056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037771877,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022044189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006480874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4256592683","doi":"10.2523/89426-ms","title":"Adomian Solution of Forchheimer Model to Describe Porous Media Flow","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Mechanics; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.016944614695518254,"score_gpt":0.22203560590652474,"score_spread":0.2050909912110065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4256592683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95906913,0.00030409527,0.006255102,0.00092820765,0.00095513056,0.0005771193,0.00014074791,0.0005259917,0.03124449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97090995,0.00036681592,0.02795012,0.00013064587,0.00018621517,0.000064145264,0.000007858025,0.00011467529,0.0002695772],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99773604,0.0000028124525,0.00080447097,0.0004292258,0.0004880443,0.0005393997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876165,0.0000794289,0.00022844372,0.00019889997,0.0005411032,0.0001904797],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002818251,0.00040499686,0.0006105327,0.0003977826,0.00007720065,0.000044884233,0.00030280816,0.00021242585,0.000008426689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019811242,0.00040884604,0.0001931818,0.00041770766,0.0000802768,0.00070146145,0.000116536605,0.00024386375,0.000031532734],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034350235,0.000116124895,0.00006193958,0.0005587595,0.00018981053,6.66408e-7,0.002246549,0.39034897,0.59086907,0.0010288084,0.0005591709,0.013676647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047547156,0.0009549895,0.0004780735,0.0009694403,0.00034256425,0.000012220426,0.00080144533,0.27945367,0.702773,0.007716618,0.00037274568,0.0013705634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044806813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016326296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11190393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003470584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006697621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280551410","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2022.127676","title":"An empirical method to characterize displacement distribution functions for anomalous and transient diffusion","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Kurtosis; Anomalous diffusion; Statistical physics; Mean squared displacement; Gaussian; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Brillouin and Langevin functions; Skewness; Gaussian function; Distribution function; Lattice (music); Physics; Mathematics; Computer science; Molecular dynamics; Mechanics; Statistics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.024544571532624758,"score_gpt":0.3126459767745515,"score_spread":0.2881014052419268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280551410","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017985249,0.000038199443,0.97440815,0.0006702238,0.000050416937,0.0010569284,0.005672866,0.00010148264,0.000016511154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838577,0.00001578322,0.011853512,0.0001426992,0.00006790197,0.0031406598,0.0008791076,0.000024547366,0.000018094875],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991549,0.0000338602,0.00019253447,0.0002911193,0.0001435648,0.00018400009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993848,0.00024503915,0.000023993625,0.00012754921,0.00005552599,0.00016308643],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116424984,0.0001303929,0.00016671653,0.000031479693,0.0005261138,0.00003695464,0.00005817176,0.000020071573,0.000024891266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010317903,0.00013323208,0.000021998523,0.00016527108,0.000007408361,0.000060338374,0.00006258691,0.0000888687,0.0000035337519],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012951929,0.00082319794,0.00002117314,0.0002097686,0.00013821328,7.2985483e-7,0.001498879,0.008601495,0.0712592,0.85098565,0.0049162908,0.06141587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036179184,0.00028147773,0.0024238932,0.0000026623657,0.00010527057,0.0000022039112,0.00024168273,0.8730973,0.0001151251,0.0050301594,0.11812655,0.00021186666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001989441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015095218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96587247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006049861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007954627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5433047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281568164","doi":"10.2118/210564-pa","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Model for Oil/Water Two-Phase Flow in Nanoporous Media Considering Heterogeneous Viscosity, Liquid/Solid, and Liquid/Liquid Slip","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanoporous; Contact angle; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Relative permeability; Materials science; Wetting; Slip (aerodynamics); Multiphase flow; Oil shale; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Geology; Porosity; Physics","score_opus":0.028838268568862967,"score_gpt":0.28770580026955,"score_spread":0.25886753170068705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281568164","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894361,0.0017437937,0.0067601707,0.00047705544,0.000899307,0.00022325657,0.00007799174,0.0001632656,0.00021904925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995216,0.00025779216,0.0034558426,0.00033986368,0.00040834348,0.00006200026,0.000017433245,0.00011488807,0.00012784272],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975928,0.00008824499,0.00077323447,0.00033247174,0.00046227605,0.0007509857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907076,0.00020887001,0.00010889129,0.00025036867,0.00012541836,0.00023567997],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007517422,0.0003682662,0.0005401795,0.0003412555,0.0005405581,0.00013194233,0.00024161009,0.000083853716,0.00010980264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007913116,0.00034911933,0.00014325224,0.00013920257,0.00006917411,0.00036219027,0.00037529616,0.00063626544,0.000013685949],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009421698,0.000087888024,0.00002476096,0.000079604,0.00015445866,0.00025433063,0.0061883554,0.9785486,0.012495078,0.000031353276,0.00027044106,0.0009229601],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004847363,0.00068548816,0.000006165218,0.0000549494,0.00011524354,0.0011011853,0.00057806866,0.97490287,0.014253902,0.00043117974,0.0024531677,0.0005704105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008993042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014995765,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0057798843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030540457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006104373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281569168","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24473","title":"Lateral migration of cylindrical particle in a constricted microchannel—A numerical study","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Microchannel; Mechanics; Position (finance); Particle (ecology); Parametric statistics; Constriction; Physics; Mathematics; Geology; Turbulence; Statistics; Economics","score_opus":0.01126705896599975,"score_gpt":0.20364101612917976,"score_spread":0.19237395716318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281569168","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989956,0.00025194391,0.0002800916,0.00018831938,0.00014650078,0.000098847915,0.000005485251,0.000014122561,0.00001907556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99981844,4.775822e-7,0.00008967644,0.00001803482,0.000047273912,0.0000068540307,8.4796704e-7,0.00001556987,0.0000027933],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990969,0.000027930802,0.00042248357,0.000056346133,0.00018915009,0.00020723906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995623,0.00011209714,0.000055182445,0.000086354135,0.000055137785,0.00012889951],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022801103,0.000092126225,0.00021503755,0.00013515138,0.000042835927,0.000014638557,0.00017737289,0.000024466526,0.000033009033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008372204,0.00008019168,0.000053561107,0.00043273883,0.00002476219,0.00006137831,0.000023263045,0.00037663634,9.092789e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015117429,0.000033167187,0.012155677,0.0000113583255,0.00007019421,0.000052158815,0.003244497,0.95565534,0.028481055,0.00005955602,0.00010665534,0.000115237075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021388945,0.00020245275,0.021251768,0.00004108756,0.00008408508,0.00020009762,0.00080006866,0.9382915,0.035733804,0.000077393735,0.0008248839,0.00035394728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005244662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016034002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017363809,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025387254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008142398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3270122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4282840466","doi":"10.1029/2021jf006504","title":"Fluid‐Driven Transport of Round Sediment Particles: From Discrete Simulations to Continuum Modeling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Army Research Laboratory","keywords":"Bed load; Sediment transport; Mechanics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Grain size; Dimensionless quantity; Geology; Turbulence; Discrete element method; Fluid dynamics; Sediment; Physics; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.06219585275920531,"score_gpt":0.3376648712531138,"score_spread":0.2754690184939085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4282840466","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99071705,0.00023824336,0.008079073,0.00035727175,0.00014188625,0.00023021943,0.000116077965,0.00002467425,0.00009548574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997889,0.000019755493,0.0017807197,0.00001637749,0.00013752059,0.0000041073686,0.0000060263555,0.000028861565,0.00011766444],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971365,0.00018126173,0.0006226135,0.000154283,0.0015195409,0.00038582284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99824816,0.0007119685,0.00007707123,0.00022861351,0.00050604146,0.00022815255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006609192,0.00012985515,0.00039474305,0.00013094884,0.00021412488,0.00002834086,0.0002729472,0.000027670661,0.00013988298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011624476,0.00012164841,0.00015215548,0.0005473389,0.00005701959,0.00025527584,0.00012770417,0.00058454415,0.000019748413],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012115688,0.00009088451,0.0032733772,0.00001535435,0.00015798864,0.000013810408,0.0016429035,0.9280279,0.06627255,0.000049871862,0.00015104657,0.00018314549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000909418,0.00040393288,0.02333972,0.00005872029,0.00004833632,0.0000011652318,0.0010032951,0.96504307,0.006455155,0.0008236214,0.001737772,0.00017582411],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014992506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000051674087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059817392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001002517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000083121944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49606782},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4282920853","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-12894-y","title":"Impact of extra-anatomical bypass on coarctation fluid dynamics using patient-specific lumped parameter and Lattice Boltzmann modeling","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta; Alberta Children's Hospital; University of Calgary; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Hemodynamics; Medicine; Cardiology; Aorta; Internal medicine; Coarctation of the aorta; Stenosis; Surgery","score_opus":0.03370031453296316,"score_gpt":0.2799761300946381,"score_spread":0.24627581556167497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4282920853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921979,0.00028013706,0.0046238964,0.000010376426,0.0022015313,0.0003070187,0.00002634957,0.00010884446,0.00024398854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99874014,0.0000052859714,0.001071897,0.00000580109,0.0000189938,0.000015950374,0.00006379498,0.00003917478,0.000038955357],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99774694,0.00006655464,0.00070519256,0.0005111672,0.00067049393,0.0002996245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895984,0.00011933808,0.00014640501,0.00052433426,0.00016158093,0.00008850403],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000590546,0.00020114209,0.00029584914,0.00030578286,0.00040504884,0.00013035025,0.0000835349,0.000047478185,0.0000715252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008035665,0.00019903548,0.00013353191,0.00046142508,0.00011624518,0.00023807504,0.0001190901,0.00019225347,0.0000022945146],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023880086,0.000055527453,0.0020999531,0.000024892832,0.000094159135,0.000049598453,0.0011416805,0.9842155,0.009130284,0.000050449213,0.00040230405,0.0027117627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016363425,0.00004974711,0.0005215494,0.00001377703,0.000040035633,0.000062180115,0.0004150499,0.99704075,0.00039740631,0.0009112743,0.00018096795,0.00020364785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023317714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004449922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012825222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042215767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004419819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8116431},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283168433","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2022.111367","title":"An immersed boundary projection method for solving the fluid-rigid body interaction problems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; National Research Foundation of Korea","keywords":"Rigid body; Projection method; Mathematics; Projection (relational algebra); Immersed boundary method; Euler equations; Mathematical analysis; Algebraic equation; Boundary value problem; Boundary (topology); Kinematics; Euler's formula; Rigid body dynamics; Fluid–structure interaction; Constraint (computer-aided design); Stability (learning theory); Classical mechanics; Physics; Geometry; Finite element method; Computer science; Nonlinear system","score_opus":0.02787708073808654,"score_gpt":0.3247762426693632,"score_spread":0.2968991619312767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283168433","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.051823877,0.00011090608,0.9463031,0.0002683813,0.0010162517,0.0002668425,0.000012525169,0.00004498955,0.000153073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97813684,0.0000035892726,0.021029836,0.000111059,0.00062570034,0.00002988313,0.00002197425,0.00002680828,0.000014286391],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990117,0.000070158516,0.00036393577,0.00007761893,0.0003693914,0.0001071852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891424,0.00041778915,0.00023688805,0.00006760173,0.00033771552,0.000025782358],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005210097,0.00009794689,0.00015102704,0.000074358475,0.00043347848,0.000076857636,0.00012046461,0.000014278287,0.000010409911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018613882,0.000081233426,0.000115750816,0.00018893371,0.000016092898,0.0005302992,0.000023820621,0.00024595362,0.0000012285942],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042038675,0.000056152312,0.00003674937,0.000028630768,0.00015115575,5.4105635e-7,0.0014481382,0.98682535,0.0029398277,0.0010205797,0.0014335763,0.006017289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000486912,0.00017677815,0.0007739535,0.000011069396,0.000052732332,0.00003852202,0.0008289937,0.96369594,0.00027410343,0.024753096,0.008813585,0.00009431083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024135695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8369324e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.926313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019194743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074713185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.333401},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283215079","doi":"10.1101/2022.06.18.496666","title":"Red blood cell dynamics in extravascular biological tissues modelled as canonical disordered porous media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; China Scholarship Council; Fondation Leducq; University of Edinburgh; UK Research and Innovation","keywords":"Intervillous space; Porous medium; Blood flow; Hemodynamics; Biophysics; Homogeneous; Capillary action; Chemistry; Biology; Placenta; Materials science; Porosity; Fetus; Medicine; Physics; Internal medicine; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.015316053808287168,"score_gpt":0.21753888346410377,"score_spread":0.20222282965581662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283215079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98754925,0.007513417,0.000897603,0.000100871046,0.0011353601,0.0010057553,0.00030566988,0.0012788622,0.00021319838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931634,0.002433232,0.0034651533,0.00004026827,0.00019950731,0.00043171493,0.000006050768,0.00025038977,0.000010289358],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99604297,0.00024726504,0.0010266205,0.0011854356,0.0006439201,0.0008537757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99766517,0.00025330536,0.00021827743,0.0014076704,0.00019438106,0.00026120877],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000622412,0.0008686455,0.0011711429,0.00040593473,0.00016350584,0.00012997976,0.0008421048,0.00080212636,0.00027150198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002831043,0.00095509336,0.00023988629,0.0006763861,0.00013787446,0.00012530542,0.0010400383,0.0016085405,0.000051837258],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017650146,0.0015347877,0.059462115,0.001658057,0.0017354337,0.0017391163,0.00040449714,0.8567288,0.072760805,0.0033982445,0.00039069878,0.000010954832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011964341,0.00041558396,0.147714,0.00083667383,0.0015506741,3.438677e-7,0.00032456563,0.779263,0.03386449,0.0001848251,0.013631688,0.0102497935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018748392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007610514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.088251896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000896671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000302754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99928993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283830753","doi":"10.18280/mmep.090322","title":"Analytical Study of Instability Phenomenon Using Laplace Transform","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Laplace transform; Instability; Saturation (graph theory); Water saturation; Laplace–Stieltjes transform; Two-sided Laplace transform; Work (physics); Laplace transform applied to differential equations; Inverse Laplace transform; Porous medium; Mechanics; Materials science; Porosity; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics; Physics; Fourier transform; Composite material","score_opus":0.050169530975605905,"score_gpt":0.24341050879375845,"score_spread":0.19324097781815253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283830753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7008505,0.00013901795,0.29816273,0.000007344208,0.000038202346,0.00027348474,0.0000043062537,0.00015923312,0.0003651802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99545634,0.0000067038877,0.0044262884,0.0000016309863,0.000012530668,0.00004271431,0.0000010268543,0.000037388836,0.000015362364],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888486,0.00001651133,0.000429352,0.00017521305,0.00026837038,0.0002257214],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957836,0.00013050341,0.000023919609,0.00017673396,0.000025026076,0.0000654657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036748985,0.0001686959,0.00034593843,0.000103444174,0.00010510561,0.000017636816,0.000088209075,0.000029602059,0.000027599726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000108955055,0.00016720203,0.000040201325,0.00022615353,0.00002159648,0.000077701596,0.00006462048,0.00022502954,8.9233424e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052261253,0.0001614337,0.00007930246,0.00053794327,0.000073298324,8.986742e-7,0.0050458717,0.99251384,0.000092538976,0.0013851679,0.000001142807,0.000103329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038722373,0.00009602996,0.000016206832,0.000026246125,0.000058858634,0.0000047282274,0.0008566744,0.9963618,0.000021987395,0.0019362253,0.00006335842,0.00017064705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008426709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7435637e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29460585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007386975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054773436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6818301},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285301714","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-85690-4.00006-3","title":"Hybrid lattice Boltzmann continuum–discrete models","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilm; Cellular automaton; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Biological system; Statistical physics; IBM; Mass transfer; Advection; Biochemical engineering; Computer science; Mechanics; Physics; Biology; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Bacteria","score_opus":0.021134488667562717,"score_gpt":0.23404621108749812,"score_spread":0.21291172241993542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285301714","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007503406,0.005498629,0.000121407254,0.000045377423,0.0011660875,0.00077280094,0.00029496494,0.0010344022,0.9909913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007420943,0.00042428536,0.00046332012,0.0002933706,0.00054111873,0.00013198887,0.00011702836,0.0004616592,0.9901463],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99716735,0.000032418226,0.0008350107,0.00064790837,0.0007327554,0.0005845798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983053,0.00019105244,0.00020874524,0.00097129587,0.00014158314,0.00018201477],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028363624,0.0008635983,0.0010274313,0.00027066615,0.000283658,0.00009451657,0.0005053086,0.00022538008,0.0013202616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015150712,0.00094096846,0.00042875417,0.000019927342,0.00013929798,0.00021959901,0.00042924503,0.001078201,0.00053871144],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005018183,0.000014264676,0.000004564339,0.0008033535,0.0023977114,0.00043074478,0.0016509091,0.02909549,0.0000332337,0.0904467,0.013343959,0.8617289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042150647,0.000029984654,0.0000038231356,0.00014500706,0.00033259392,0.000025202353,0.000014197812,0.005425254,0.000022995326,0.035371695,0.95722234,0.0009854097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.4832784e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013346913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94387835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028566312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005260887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99959266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285392865","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24544","title":"Experiments and simulations of settling cylinders over a wide range of Archimedes numbers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Settling; Mechanics; Viscosity; Aspect ratio (aeronautics); Newtonian fluid; Orientation (vector space); Range (aeronautics); Materials science; Particle (ecology); Weber number; Flow visualization; Geometry; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Turbulence","score_opus":0.014890962259392685,"score_gpt":0.22551104588087298,"score_spread":0.2106200836214803,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285392865","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984564,0.00090538024,0.00027206627,0.000057440404,0.00014396192,0.0000547012,0.000020016627,0.000009112132,0.00008087844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951524,0.000003083232,0.00040238077,0.00001653313,0.00003680337,0.0000016230115,9.015991e-7,0.0000200627,0.0000033983438],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930304,0.000010781685,0.00031159603,0.00004451044,0.0001819926,0.00014805494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994071,0.00025244037,0.00007616219,0.000084908635,0.000057561683,0.0001218314],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014523382,0.00008640545,0.0001919494,0.00013674865,0.00005493116,0.0000083840705,0.00012726708,0.000021571917,0.000038990234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014582406,0.00007953446,0.000057325487,0.00014602856,0.000056693167,0.00006550873,0.000024017258,0.00021802112,9.753736e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000058705423,0.0000029757846,0.0028100335,0.000038041948,0.00012168185,0.0000039441124,0.002251169,0.97514576,0.019407824,0.00007880773,0.00006614937,0.00006773867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021664742,0.00006263555,0.004817427,0.00024900594,0.00019592603,0.000078926176,0.0010687863,0.90400374,0.08511755,0.00046735315,0.001289394,0.00048278272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002244921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045540924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.071142025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012019421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059357404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32433212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285503932","doi":"10.1109/ipdps53621.2022.00084","title":"Neon: A Multi-GPU Programming Model for Grid-based Computations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Autodesk (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Solver; Parallel computing; Computational science; Computation; Grid; CUDA; Theoretical computer science; Algorithm; Programming language","score_opus":0.034030792850665736,"score_gpt":0.2917073939331894,"score_spread":0.25767660108252366,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285503932","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011832142,0.00052457466,0.9827927,0.0014752194,0.0006697796,0.0005265578,0.001490377,0.00050025096,0.00018843016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97603786,0.000015297745,0.020536926,0.00021989176,0.00015828728,0.0009152871,0.0016319813,0.000051627492,0.00043282664],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984515,0.000026647185,0.0004231851,0.0003636328,0.0004153889,0.00031969664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992949,0.00013447272,0.00012228674,0.00012286722,0.00023152425,0.00009397172],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019699986,0.00025320108,0.00023465828,0.00015208131,0.00071573537,0.00019829611,0.00026345832,0.00005454954,0.000022383621],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029976181,0.00027938274,0.00010169876,0.00025268854,0.000068159796,0.0002619882,0.00008782408,0.00023241727,0.0000033248584],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006581762,0.00011660115,0.0005324958,0.00013107459,0.00009391187,0.0000039852894,0.00063799426,0.9930452,0.00041079553,0.0001862427,0.0032580958,0.0015177735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017088455,0.00003658411,0.00019962876,0.00002687293,0.000054550914,0.000009919156,0.00035532683,0.9874059,0.000042778964,0.00032960207,0.00950617,0.00032380834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000713065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007928506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96420574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020962743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007981201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4287272693","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24598","title":"Computing hydrodynamic eigenmodes of channel flow with slip—A highly accurate algorithm","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Technische Universität Darmstadt; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Slip (aerodynamics); Computation; Computational fluid dynamics; Boundary value problem; Computer science; Mechanics; Open-channel flow; Algorithm; Flow (mathematics); Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.008171233080659774,"score_gpt":0.18549969913228503,"score_spread":0.17732846605162525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4287272693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96765673,0.001057578,0.030222919,0.000222565,0.00047826202,0.000111127105,0.000038402708,0.000058893027,0.00015354443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971131,0.0000021400856,0.0026661204,0.000022098402,0.00014016565,0.0000024016472,0.0000028366048,0.000042924243,0.00000822432],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898,0.000013811609,0.00036264048,0.000074890566,0.00026464733,0.00030404716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993528,0.00012263104,0.00010171966,0.0001385298,0.000098133496,0.00018618231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025939188,0.00015634995,0.0002791631,0.00017835079,0.00012102455,0.000024274586,0.00031701275,0.000031008916,0.000018354944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003573082,0.00012542325,0.00007591921,0.00031466177,0.000046759615,0.000092391434,0.000036068646,0.00046404998,9.252575e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038303438,0.0000028290265,0.000014728059,0.000028310069,0.00013304618,0.000025380838,0.00078669755,0.99483824,0.0032883994,0.000040831324,0.000066522654,0.00077118684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029737686,0.000028513896,0.00008615466,0.000046231908,0.000040652336,0.00014240942,0.00008808849,0.9934853,0.005293408,0.00004171476,0.00029678395,0.0001533983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016821342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000046783032,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029456379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030412024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012626692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51146114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291214704","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24604","title":"A unified interaction model for multiphase flows with the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Petrobras; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Spurious relationship; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Pseudopotential; Spinodal decomposition; Statistical physics; Consistency (knowledge bases); Lattice (music); Physics; Isothermal process; Stability (learning theory); Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Mathematics; Computer science; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.02390109026318667,"score_gpt":0.2531221526785444,"score_spread":0.2292210624153577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291214704","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37182686,0.00067265454,0.6229457,0.0031332239,0.00059759425,0.00046012618,0.00005105118,0.00009147931,0.00022129937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866271,7.297007e-7,0.01297531,0.00012873787,0.00014308536,0.000033477365,0.0000023012396,0.00004241275,0.00004686796],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992435,0.000018840177,0.00023538765,0.000071308656,0.00018233151,0.00024861854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991197,0.00040438687,0.00006618956,0.00015035621,0.00010908839,0.00015026091],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004608339,0.00013371228,0.0001731385,0.0001025024,0.00021354135,0.00004742703,0.0002885332,0.000027160297,0.00001455919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009753182,0.0000863138,0.00008510411,0.00018422758,0.00002106942,0.000117545955,0.000020106747,0.00051220355,6.872508e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027331158,0.0000027454605,0.0000023706473,0.000017612178,0.000118683165,0.000005812544,0.0015736041,0.99099755,0.0059271436,0.00030153728,0.000706143,0.00031946614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004586241,0.000020420594,0.000004067499,0.000013852729,0.00008108807,0.000096714226,0.00020194694,0.98922694,0.002386077,0.0000743773,0.0073196474,0.00011623035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009385818,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023152573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6148002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033259002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011645777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35197744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293251669","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24484","title":"A correlation for average droplet diameter in rotating packed beds","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Total","keywords":"Packed bed; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Surface tension; Centrifugal force; Volume of fluid method; Volumetric flow rate; Weber number; Materials science; Chemistry; Flow (mathematics); Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Turbulence; Physics","score_opus":0.010730226447449179,"score_gpt":0.1995698262530256,"score_spread":0.18883959980557644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293251669","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851809,0.00038369195,0.013348522,0.00027768145,0.0004980132,0.0001712319,0.000017268887,0.000026991393,0.00009566448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986234,5.8923223e-7,0.0011567185,0.000044721943,0.00010938772,0.000020388425,0.0000033418462,0.000029707877,0.000011764132],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992694,0.000011704368,0.00030304265,0.000052834825,0.00013435475,0.0002286665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994561,0.00026560237,0.000050779287,0.000077106706,0.00004155487,0.00010883365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003366647,0.00009302981,0.00015985213,0.00016677943,0.000079738726,0.000026249783,0.00014937711,0.000027821992,0.00003398367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020808756,0.00008563666,0.00006878802,0.00020451163,0.000014201609,0.000085189735,0.000014553782,0.00036740836,8.777929e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004348933,0.0000015929671,0.00054339884,0.000018023264,0.000028631574,0.000009212838,0.0012307416,0.99422085,0.003050676,0.00020161986,0.00020223066,0.0004886724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005522678,0.000020314596,0.0004992714,0.000030046875,0.00001838247,0.00004120326,0.00006349289,0.9945459,0.0012668954,0.0002853536,0.0025334803,0.00014339233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008236207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000116038216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013442446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035559505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065364846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34921616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293382240","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2022.107693","title":"Flow-Induced Locomotion of a Flexible Filament in the Wake of a Cylinder in Non-Newtonian Flows","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Mechanical Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Wake; Mechanics; Cylinder; Flow (mathematics); Protein filament; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Physics; Materials science; Geology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.038063226702913934,"score_gpt":0.30870524314530523,"score_spread":0.2706420164423913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293382240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894613,0.00008739772,0.0079416465,0.0011247279,0.0006932067,0.00010394424,0.000005062656,0.0000042004654,0.00057849754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99753547,0.0000136317685,0.0023401661,0.000051099847,0.000044180804,0.00000647759,3.9509027e-7,0.0000031902646,0.0000053834046],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981752,0.00007897748,0.00056059926,0.0000755825,0.0010045356,0.00010510486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944717,0.00019498986,0.00017344469,0.000056226123,0.00010907683,0.000019115121],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016924811,0.00006167063,0.0001594222,0.00027304658,0.000032374002,0.000015425985,0.00059508113,0.00001994229,0.00013408443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000064206426,0.00004373618,0.00006951019,0.00039887257,0.000029474306,0.00015372293,0.00009050635,0.00019418054,9.1278895e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045345667,0.00021632838,0.0012084836,0.000008989625,0.000054503995,0.000023308063,0.0027643642,0.96454614,0.02065157,0.0019823392,0.0000647773,0.008433827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014040502,0.00045335855,0.024068804,0.00013674599,0.000013651883,0.00006232695,0.0042354385,0.9560428,0.007155117,0.0059036976,0.00039870822,0.00012525429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042811058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052089086,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02286032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011748345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044611654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17835097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294869883","doi":"10.18280/ijdne.170405","title":"Investigation of Temperature Distribution in a Slab Using Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Slab; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Multiphysics; Finite element method; Boundary value problem; Boltzmann equation; Lattice (music); Boltzmann distribution; Mechanics; Physics; Distribution (mathematics); Statistical physics; Materials science; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.019823234507181504,"score_gpt":0.282285590030487,"score_spread":0.2624623555233055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294869883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9323959,0.0015894212,0.064610235,0.00025764672,0.0009064106,0.00010113948,0.000085330495,0.000015214933,0.000038714305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98368734,0.00011549384,0.015968908,0.00007658836,0.000097505676,0.0000019507154,0.000028694003,0.000013960327,0.000009531409],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885523,0.00011050645,0.00045561735,0.000087179455,0.0003931856,0.00009830354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916023,0.00022570668,0.00022664678,0.000058388956,0.00029462425,0.000034407934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006850871,0.00010704752,0.00020361473,0.00026805393,0.000051646446,0.00002879172,0.00017688329,0.00009777696,0.000009027588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095982556,0.000106820815,0.000054475553,0.0002593588,0.000022799899,0.00029501747,0.000060676797,0.0006425812,1.6852252e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014204324,0.000026754371,0.0053847805,0.000034041357,0.00026595136,0.00005043659,0.0010296132,0.96459895,0.025380274,0.0018171845,0.0002990716,0.000970917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001278146,0.000103060775,0.015950339,0.00010751923,0.00008636734,0.0003623221,0.00064499077,0.97116137,0.003178423,0.0061899014,0.0007164274,0.00022113313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054550783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005940716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05129148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000273322,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051719995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43560266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294974881","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4048797","title":"An Interface and Geometry Preserving Phase-Field Method for Fully Eulerian Fluid-Structure Interaction","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia Hospital; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Curvature; Geometry; Vector field; Mechanics; Eulerian path; Solver; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical optimization","score_opus":0.01122642641892716,"score_gpt":0.3181628727753151,"score_spread":0.3069364463563879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294974881","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5622485,0.0023078215,0.43426257,0.00028207435,0.0005059658,0.00017601241,0.000016422457,0.00009890253,0.00010166686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99672496,0.00018990372,0.0025528476,0.000069077534,0.00026909643,0.000017748618,0.0000073866645,0.0000435356,0.00012546194],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99844784,0.00008586849,0.0002554608,0.00017513664,0.0001715896,0.00086412375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994846,0.00017316366,0.00007602721,0.00014465427,0.000060609495,0.000060962735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008321057,0.00015561948,0.00018492565,0.00018307139,0.00040263092,0.000090721776,0.00020269053,0.00004594184,0.00016662006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007384165,0.00015753548,0.000056881894,0.00016446318,0.000007770217,0.00043031055,0.00007789549,0.0012640666,7.2179523e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008242826,0.00013556803,0.0008873721,0.00014166112,0.0015097196,0.000004847791,0.004166933,0.53199464,0.19937879,0.009840619,0.0018021093,0.24931346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005399918,0.0033556977,0.00040918257,0.00003670584,0.0002761035,0.0014493829,0.02471742,0.8403714,0.013776464,0.06990137,0.039385054,0.0009213269],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015559843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014029573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4344764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005433554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000103939456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6424111},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295346206","doi":"10.1063/5.0114088","title":"Heat transfer analysis of immiscible slug flow-based microchannels: Study of channels with extended surfaces","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Calgary","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Nusselt number; Slug flow; Microchannel; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Physics; Monotonic function; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Two-phase flow; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.019534788219533375,"score_gpt":0.24284350162440196,"score_spread":0.22330871340486858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295346206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865505,0.00033450723,0.012373389,0.000011621277,0.00008044575,0.00029872262,0.0001491872,0.00005545271,0.00014616564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99960124,0.000007161005,0.00025808698,0.0000055479336,0.000016543221,0.000040929735,0.000024394416,0.00003322545,0.000012839564],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863786,0.000055181517,0.00042632702,0.00020726096,0.00049382175,0.00017954624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992693,0.000121845624,0.000022222423,0.00036048095,0.00019440024,0.000031763175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001785253,0.00019086509,0.00069810724,0.00024378953,0.00007411755,0.000005824536,0.00020211174,0.000019661513,0.000057762445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000037072414,0.00018006655,0.00016842918,0.001571983,0.000058968268,0.00009966499,0.000046904814,0.00009714857,5.0402537e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008154702,0.0005575804,0.0014145767,0.00012057763,0.0023555085,9.615826e-7,0.006594334,0.90557706,0.08312176,0.000035499066,0.000018581022,0.000122032485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018008468,0.00068074575,0.004486292,0.000020455735,0.0017597924,1.3111162e-7,0.0049616145,0.79402375,0.19193022,0.00004984882,0.000019268968,0.00026704522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000118737735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002507236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.111553304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033075077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002221157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73429006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296068160","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117942","title":"Phase-field Lattice Boltzmann model for liquid bridges and coalescence in wet granular media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary action; Surface tension; Mechanics; Wetting; Coalescence (physics); Capillary number; Drop (telecommunication); Computer simulation; Physics; Materials science; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.02238287595404754,"score_gpt":0.2713425962964085,"score_spread":0.24895972034236097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296068160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.960144,0.003170371,0.03144195,0.003476678,0.0002197909,0.0004590982,0.00007581448,0.00080198154,0.00021035603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99771523,0.0001297998,0.001513603,0.0002451943,0.000022090127,0.0002790083,0.000010918133,0.000035858924,0.00004830799],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903786,0.000013306633,0.00024658995,0.00025928242,0.00011959977,0.00032334813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994501,0.00020913802,0.00003260542,0.00024060697,0.00003591255,0.000031675107],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015905061,0.000157374,0.000256985,0.00034870897,0.0001304082,0.000010195648,0.00020928698,0.00011466353,0.000015568945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014566902,0.00018230532,0.000029551353,0.00029728014,0.0000795911,0.00009123668,0.00019895947,0.00030322763,0.0000039989222],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013883223,0.0017027862,0.026707126,0.0013196396,0.0004995737,0.00023107535,0.021966105,0.685888,0.059227087,0.12709498,0.025164662,0.04881064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028960265,0.00031611067,0.0002246291,0.000018298899,0.000040834824,0.000024544343,0.0012387839,0.97401655,0.0058428217,0.0071710884,0.0078274915,0.00038282614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000070209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000057407957,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28812855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006369727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014537434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7434195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296826591","doi":"10.3389/fther.2022.961083","title":"Thermal mixing in T-shaped micromixers with a porous block by the lattice Boltzmann method: Influence of the mixing channel configuration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Thermal Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Micromixer; Mixing (physics); Zigzag; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Laminar flow; Materials science; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Thermal; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Physics; Turbulence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006287861495725361,"score_gpt":0.20165630240548754,"score_spread":0.1953684409097622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296826591","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855193,0.0013737866,0.011592708,0.00013687006,0.000444725,0.00053090806,0.00002257383,0.000120493445,0.00025865933],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705774,0.000008988941,0.0025506064,0.0000779155,0.00003380735,0.00013696018,0.0000041185835,0.00007309649,0.00005675357],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983573,0.00013546251,0.00046675652,0.00024638377,0.00035946636,0.00043460826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992789,0.00019545207,0.00011749185,0.00033594033,0.00003808589,0.00003410144],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006207751,0.00028481748,0.00035083795,0.00018322734,0.00016046442,0.000028981687,0.00048683106,0.000064483866,0.0000073333467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005487527,0.00021489705,0.00006416035,0.00071464217,0.000059290018,0.00023094856,0.00014690106,0.00061743177,7.5561064e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035714304,0.000016362706,0.0033788828,0.00005969545,0.00008877848,0.0000063541634,0.0044277767,0.9424437,0.049157724,0.000020868738,0.000065952176,0.00029817628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012145597,0.00003642389,0.036356978,0.00012707447,0.000053016356,0.000014864474,0.0027401946,0.95071054,0.0077495677,0.000015010978,0.0005359849,0.0004457891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010733601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014567131,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041408155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024645077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026339256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8763248},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297984212","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2022.111669","title":"An immersed boundary/multi-relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method on adaptive octree grids for the particle-resolved simulation of particle-laden flows","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Octree; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Immersed boundary method; Boundary value problem; Discretization; Grid; Computer science; Regular grid; Boundary (topology); Computational science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Algorithm; Physics","score_opus":0.04399964555612494,"score_gpt":0.3198580299168029,"score_spread":0.27585838436067794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297984212","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19251499,0.00014988237,0.80644333,0.00019328998,0.0002626664,0.0003153951,0.00006262634,0.00003681267,0.00002099577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97641534,0.0000023535817,0.023066202,0.000110292036,0.00030200157,0.000019737523,0.000025324296,0.00003710353,0.000021677371],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981329,0.00019150096,0.00066315767,0.00013371775,0.00069464423,0.00018409172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99612737,0.00258167,0.0004717236,0.00015756297,0.000599397,0.000062265106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007357949,0.00016907683,0.00030181292,0.00004747758,0.00035142893,0.000041592073,0.00020859386,0.00003154777,0.000029160414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009257482,0.00014409024,0.00018407132,0.0003058539,0.000047574227,0.00042392197,0.000034803932,0.00024333787,0.000007288403],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035601537,0.00020226087,0.0001405034,0.000013165756,0.00035174188,0.0000011468281,0.0016298699,0.98595923,0.0014062234,0.0020178712,0.00016356562,0.007758418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018198234,0.00045898068,0.0073455963,0.000014126354,0.00018875419,0.000002949201,0.0003562617,0.9814938,0.000740834,0.0070789363,0.00035193184,0.0001480226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028410393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001167635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7839003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015553077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007801562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58758295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298143972","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24690","title":"Numerical simulation of fine particle liquid–solid flow in porous media based on LBM‐IBM‐DEM","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discrete element method; Materials science; Mechanics; Porosity; Multiphase flow; Particle (ecology); Geology; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.012680622299164232,"score_gpt":0.21497648390740395,"score_spread":0.20229586160823973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4298143972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951337,0.00029231992,0.003620388,0.0004291502,0.000313939,0.00008613719,0.000021239348,0.000029465164,0.00007369098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993949,5.585745e-7,0.00040015558,0.00005763406,0.0001063714,0.0000048457136,0.0000032041266,0.000030207506,0.000002138841],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889123,0.000024446203,0.00044866058,0.00007134684,0.00029961707,0.00026468764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990941,0.0004458419,0.00006897114,0.0001405682,0.00006392709,0.00018655923],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031844788,0.00012461511,0.0002545421,0.00016014471,0.0000456271,0.000011632452,0.0002032761,0.000039491362,0.00011104038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033728586,0.00011200503,0.00006527744,0.00036087135,0.000026336887,0.000065401786,0.000014475467,0.00043601796,0.0000021489004],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003421571,0.000009581253,0.00015420277,0.000016332786,0.000021672195,0.000028230696,0.0004917764,0.9938816,0.004924656,0.00003484106,0.00006851665,0.0003344018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045695814,0.00005520341,0.0004532337,0.000031662345,0.000015213,0.000009431442,0.000017095686,0.9841963,0.014330748,0.000023306444,0.00029962574,0.0001112214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009407679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007413501,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009685271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037636314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010974054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45674327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4298192189","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-5491-5_800","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM)","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.06605758755924443,"score_gpt":0.30595099645416607,"score_spread":0.23989340889492164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4298192189","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000020602954,0.0038500275,0.017659308,0.000085082705,0.0007117917,0.00024771085,0.00003606231,0.001328124,0.9760798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00039635831,0.00018954965,0.018439991,0.00015310114,0.0005398158,0.000011135572,0.00003895099,0.0002458549,0.97998524],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983998,0.00000990134,0.00045660752,0.00034995493,0.00047619743,0.0003075727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869615,0.00022926707,0.00007330469,0.00056761556,0.00026798755,0.00016567808],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003174951,0.0005314475,0.0006354667,0.00018737947,0.00005488319,0.000048851878,0.00023250205,0.00042246172,0.0017852505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003547671,0.0004994554,0.0001638989,0.00003709933,0.000044646386,0.00014628317,0.00013773212,0.00044980383,0.0041776574],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010646961,0.000008771609,0.0000062937675,0.0002741338,0.0011205883,0.00005075821,0.00037823824,0.025923714,0.000021062617,0.5009325,0.45550954,0.015763707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025679203,0.000015050651,0.000009109946,0.00005185367,0.00018847216,0.000008610251,0.00001911793,0.006886902,0.000020916183,0.028360348,0.9635757,0.0006070945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005495925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019157105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5080662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017461437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033105556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4300906632","doi":"10.1615/tsfp7.1360","title":"ON THE ACCURACY OF THE PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS CALCULATED FROM AN LBM SIMULATION OF TURBULENT CHANNEL FLOW","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceeding of Seventh International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Compressibility; Mach number; Turbulence; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Direct numerical simulation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Compressible flow; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.027577624693212087,"score_gpt":0.25297601544259557,"score_spread":0.22539839074938348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4300906632","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994078,0.00017671475,0.0014593872,0.0006590808,0.0004482287,0.00052862946,0.00014626163,0.00005570598,0.0024480405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99946606,0.000049913346,0.00023640374,0.000056481953,0.000095221876,0.000020318794,0.000015374573,0.000020447922,0.000039761617],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987582,0.000020384223,0.0004307267,0.0002025549,0.000456588,0.00013154942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900717,0.00024236298,0.00021036867,0.00019811199,0.00030263333,0.00003937278],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017380914,0.00017314903,0.00020209709,0.000076353565,0.00010126618,0.00001710487,0.0003271397,0.000054978198,0.0000925325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010268643,0.000115441544,0.00006986885,0.00015185207,0.000096479984,0.0002552816,0.00006528461,0.00014182786,0.0000027303065],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000783567,0.00013115969,0.00062849646,0.00006564213,0.00026017416,1.2710696e-7,0.009502201,0.98411787,0.0023820389,0.0022875625,0.00003943016,0.0005069258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031803994,0.000089987305,0.011400621,0.00023958931,0.00006451609,4.0619437e-7,0.00035098664,0.97302276,0.011142416,0.003166485,0.0000783338,0.0001258567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037407866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012413892,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011095123,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003076068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013263721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47075695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311784498","doi":"10.3390/ijtpp7040037","title":"Investigations concerning the Flow Stabilization of Backward Curved Centrifugal Impellers at Low Flow Rate","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Turbomachinery Propulsion and Power","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; École de Technologie Supérieure; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Impeller; Centrifugal fan; Mechanics; Harmonics; Flow (mathematics); Volumetric flow rate; Reduction (mathematics); Physics; Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.015339689256937872,"score_gpt":0.24368470851543045,"score_spread":0.22834501925849257,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311784498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927048,0.00079646695,0.0019703656,0.0014408809,0.002421286,0.00016119023,0.000089343994,0.000029576524,0.0003860666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99848586,0.0001288568,0.0008355768,0.0001905503,0.00012186242,0.0000045875872,0.000027592827,0.000020669357,0.00018446113],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985086,0.00016374326,0.00055606454,0.00010165429,0.0005540908,0.000115894116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895316,0.00024095523,0.0002989611,0.00010257426,0.00033862825,0.00006569434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051994505,0.00013389187,0.00019149437,0.00015848513,0.00019069039,0.00003909278,0.00025504956,0.000029792609,0.0005471778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022156833,0.00009572723,0.0001043074,0.00014227496,0.000084274405,0.000222803,0.00018277252,0.00028470185,0.0000035932355],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017660568,0.000045638415,0.01602046,0.000023216051,0.00028742492,0.000015104855,0.0034610115,0.9627431,0.0103707705,0.00013070405,0.00441455,0.0023114095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035676141,0.00023095339,0.03295772,0.0001507996,0.00011093082,0.0002092852,0.0013282188,0.8998912,0.0057443697,0.0009407539,0.05442675,0.00044142845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005049424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004029602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06285193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015829907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003982919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59912133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312726143","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2022-87534","title":"Vortex Identification in Large Eddy Simulations Under the Lattice Boltzmann Framework With a Smagorinsky Subgrid Model","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Turbulence; Statistical physics; Reynolds number; Vorticity; Large eddy simulation; Vortex; Physics; Maxima and minima; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.02126167227446426,"score_gpt":0.26496692535702665,"score_spread":0.24370525308256238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312726143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5822292,0.00024286636,0.41248146,0.00092317257,0.00025098328,0.0005628041,0.00006409031,0.0004745967,0.0027708486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99603397,0.000010089272,0.0021395248,0.0003779239,0.000053024076,0.00014859706,0.000027961594,0.00005347315,0.0011554242],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985372,0.000060320323,0.00037002045,0.00026212473,0.0004359545,0.00033438794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895245,0.00036074655,0.00005697986,0.00051114213,0.000077096214,0.00004158109],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034447253,0.00018756608,0.00017570813,0.00014707202,0.0004763842,0.00007481093,0.0002537351,0.00004802764,0.00023751768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032261378,0.00014654314,0.00004435828,0.00077041704,0.00003654349,0.00028716662,0.00014099569,0.0004505262,0.00004302156],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010850341,0.00005732146,0.003377391,0.000011061314,0.00005026396,0.0000016348291,0.0013834779,0.94954914,0.000054912794,0.045275066,0.00018521032,0.00004365548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004391655,0.000011867048,0.027258059,0.0000065978647,0.00003869994,0.0000021189746,0.0021541587,0.9593781,0.0000304699,0.009225088,0.0012378816,0.0002177683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022886466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037541342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4138048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018545205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031000312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59758556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313015854","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4264140","title":"A Parallel and Adaptative Nitsche Immersed Boundary Method to Simulate Viscous Mixing","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Mixing (physics); Boundary (topology); Mechanics; Viscous liquid; Materials science; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.014530124715738326,"score_gpt":0.27734475475031994,"score_spread":0.2628146300345816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313015854","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25293654,0.010802087,0.7331971,0.0007970785,0.00033359832,0.00037106924,0.0000120999985,0.00020343045,0.0013470245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99117583,0.0003884602,0.0075033186,0.00020292657,0.000112620226,0.000025502684,0.0000021691321,0.000057318255,0.0005318512],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975992,0.00016693513,0.00029434107,0.00019881844,0.00032124994,0.0014194882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945456,0.00019709309,0.000066383014,0.00011540688,0.000059759197,0.00010682321],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014849283,0.00020169784,0.00025871454,0.00018376176,0.00067383604,0.00007188701,0.00016091896,0.000030215298,0.000045156186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004071072,0.00020481466,0.00007343891,0.0002968594,0.000023042709,0.00018451679,0.00013270233,0.0015708775,0.000013941529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009378763,0.000017712064,0.0001429905,0.000009046008,0.00055236794,0.000015086493,0.003517858,0.9590586,0.0013269795,0.008343361,0.00011946347,0.026802778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006523446,0.0015360545,0.0026532973,0.000049170332,0.00042862113,0.0016705773,0.060683113,0.644317,0.00022838774,0.1638968,0.11611041,0.0019031343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023628036,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007093752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7382393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010772278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033828613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8352099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313425914","doi":"10.1002/fld.5105","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313425914","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313560865","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2022.111903","title":"An interface and geometry preserving phase-field method for fully Eulerian fluid-structure interaction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Curvature; Geometry; Vector field; Mechanics; Eulerian path; Immersed boundary method; Physics; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Boundary (topology)","score_opus":0.02707865559919119,"score_gpt":0.3678610954130009,"score_spread":0.3407824398138097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313560865","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41128832,0.00004932028,0.5880618,0.00013649337,0.0003207185,0.00005811463,0.00001535109,0.000041590964,0.000028247376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9559646,0.0000072290686,0.04340906,0.000056640158,0.0005166601,0.0000015263943,0.0000142209665,0.000021383496,0.000008649689],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993101,0.000026251293,0.00029224128,0.00007950896,0.00018851513,0.00010341073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880874,0.0006637443,0.00012440752,0.000058877566,0.00029322112,0.000050993003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017656808,0.00010120947,0.00018270631,0.00012630541,0.000067919755,0.0000699238,0.00009027489,0.000036907808,0.000011905505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007054796,0.000096289215,0.00005559768,0.00021581157,0.000009208233,0.00057100743,0.000025485977,0.00014336445,0.0000017443897],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051306542,0.000016369264,0.00006712634,0.00006355094,0.00012938355,0.0000011380748,0.00059974706,0.96652603,0.008933012,0.00030868483,0.0018344378,0.021469185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079546747,0.0001768752,0.0017961962,0.000039014896,0.000036982456,0.000015110102,0.0002759911,0.96445435,0.0037918058,0.027626725,0.00088906434,0.000102389706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.0557586e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.297526e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5446763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031790678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016366683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39265603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313829964","doi":"10.32920/21842493.v1","title":"A Lattice-Boltzmann model to simulate diffractive nonlinear ultrasound beam propagation in a dissipative fluid medium","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computational fluid dynamics; Nonlinear system; Physics; Dissipative system; Mesoscopic physics; Mechanics; Discretization; Fluid dynamics; Beam (structure); Boltzmann equation; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04324915381413713,"score_gpt":0.30654173377347305,"score_spread":0.2632925799593359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313829964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8588016,0.00017531087,0.12756088,0.0009728645,0.0012421464,0.0038699238,0.0004782885,0.0026566887,0.0042423196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877542,0.000154954,0.008205642,0.00017536593,0.00030574034,0.00067453773,0.00024679943,0.00027124982,0.0022114727],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965927,0.00006613909,0.000978042,0.000958397,0.00071190315,0.0006928344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759114,0.0009162756,0.00014922241,0.00075669744,0.0003549714,0.00023168407],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040889674,0.0007864164,0.00092974247,0.0006872233,0.00010484769,0.00015708737,0.00042612146,0.0004795141,0.00003743786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006950253,0.00075960497,0.00018283207,0.00064891524,0.000068183705,0.00034869637,0.0007319802,0.0010514059,0.00050740334],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052780648,0.00007844552,0.00060654647,0.00030213152,0.00025868125,0.000015099243,0.0075549665,0.9889974,0.0013720084,0.000049867213,0.000546772,0.00016528112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061149633,0.00003287162,0.011972835,0.00040693049,0.00010049056,8.249222e-7,0.00060969,0.98083836,0.001972695,0.002439708,0.00012991438,0.00088417437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015279587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059468154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12895267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006809197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001372316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316038272","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2022.1048","title":"Lattice Boltzmann modelling of isothermal two-component evaporation in porous media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Evaporation; Thermodynamics; Isothermal process; Materials science; Physics; Porous medium; Saturation (graph theory); Condensation; Coalescence (physics); Mass transfer; Scaling; Mechanics; Porosity; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.041084145714034716,"score_gpt":0.25888284704514114,"score_spread":0.21779870133110643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316038272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92310816,0.0007913356,0.074766666,0.000108822605,0.00085105264,0.00010711859,0.000006744118,0.00007603589,0.00018406785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970416,0.00047306815,0.0022294188,0.00002004282,0.00017864874,0.0000017745473,0.0000035623216,0.0000368237,0.000015082478],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984158,0.00003932711,0.0008034899,0.00008588985,0.00044887475,0.00020659082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918437,0.00018617083,0.00021028143,0.00013820846,0.00022241483,0.000058574806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00082015205,0.00013764451,0.00035279655,0.00039003533,0.000027079284,0.0000141418295,0.00014761375,0.00007010216,0.000014124317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007060204,0.00013221934,0.00008648688,0.00043844583,0.000008398716,0.0002922692,0.000033724005,0.00021502115,0.00002179772],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003016801,0.000023634995,0.0000505292,0.000051247025,0.00005750487,0.000032599346,0.0014849261,0.9722859,0.023551581,0.0016420155,0.00017700976,0.0006128608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085174036,0.000041738833,0.00020758793,0.00009729717,0.000042557916,0.000015545336,0.00041873605,0.98911333,0.0059971353,0.0029188253,0.00017425261,0.000121278936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000064057917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010466103,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07393342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096988166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003246324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53917485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317254222","doi":"10.32920/21842493","title":"A Lattice-Boltzmann model to simulate diffractive nonlinear ultrasound beam propagation in a dissipative fluid medium","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computational fluid dynamics; Dissipative system; Nonlinear system; Physics; Mechanics; Mesoscopic physics; Fluid dynamics; Discretization; Beam (structure); Boltzmann equation; Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Optics","score_opus":0.04324915381413713,"score_gpt":0.30654173377347305,"score_spread":0.2632925799593359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317254222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8588016,0.00017531087,0.12756088,0.0009728645,0.0012421464,0.0038699238,0.0004782885,0.0026566887,0.0042423196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877542,0.000154954,0.008205642,0.00017536593,0.00030574034,0.00067453773,0.00024679943,0.00027124982,0.0022114727],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965927,0.00006613909,0.000978042,0.000958397,0.00071190315,0.0006928344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759114,0.0009162756,0.00014922241,0.00075669744,0.0003549714,0.00023168407],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040889674,0.0007864164,0.00092974247,0.0006872233,0.00010484769,0.00015708737,0.00042612146,0.0004795141,0.00003743786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006950253,0.00075960497,0.00018283207,0.00064891524,0.000068183705,0.00034869637,0.0007319802,0.0010514059,0.00050740334],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052780648,0.00007844552,0.00060654647,0.00030213152,0.00025868125,0.000015099243,0.0075549665,0.9889974,0.0013720084,0.000049867213,0.000546772,0.00016528112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061149633,0.00003287162,0.011972835,0.00040693049,0.00010049056,8.249222e-7,0.00060969,0.98083836,0.001972695,0.002439708,0.00012991438,0.00088417437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015279587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00059468154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12895267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006809197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001372316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317516008","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-32-390133-8.00013-x","title":"Efficient methods for particle-resolved direct numerical simulation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Computer science; Sphericity; Convergence (economics); Grid; Focus (optics); Particle (ecology); Computational science; Domain (mathematical analysis); Fluid simulation; Direct numerical simulation; Flow (mathematics); Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.04877414920618376,"score_gpt":0.334105640543757,"score_spread":0.28533149133757324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317516008","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000031326865,0.0010444912,0.042030875,0.000022729775,0.0011276198,0.0012960878,0.000070445865,0.0014341301,0.9529423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017322164,0.000019650726,0.011569,0.00006289223,0.000476225,0.00019975341,0.000036336703,0.00038805165,0.96992594],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983436,0.000034211283,0.0005839711,0.00040356594,0.0002520676,0.00038262067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99778277,0.0014240509,0.000107669664,0.00042931273,0.00014762626,0.00010855439],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045659448,0.0004433912,0.00066563336,0.00011791737,0.00013295744,0.00004531049,0.00014774145,0.00026341964,0.000038927552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013877636,0.00043183347,0.0003214033,0.0000329579,0.00005647953,0.000017993363,0.000088002525,0.00023861705,0.00027282687],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010370635,0.0000024809153,8.8356376e-7,0.00008470414,0.00018789801,0.0000016594064,0.00018385483,0.43406677,0.000030299574,0.0010209369,0.00004017537,0.56437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022749096,0.000018138917,0.000010146446,0.00007963397,0.00015565519,2.793002e-7,0.000002632037,0.517997,0.00006832391,0.0013489759,0.4797719,0.000319782],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.2543914e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014786201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5640502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001366058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020199854,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998133},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318218909","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202336601017","title":"Evaluation of the interFoam solver in the prediction of immiscible two-phase flow in imbibition and drainage on the pore-doublet system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Hibernia Management and Development Company; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Petroleum Research Newfoundland and Labrador","keywords":"Imbibition; Capillary action; Wetting; Mechanics; Contact angle; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Solver; Displacement (psychology); Scale (ratio); Materials science; Drainage; Surface tension; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.06495407154239252,"score_gpt":0.30215807227476504,"score_spread":0.23720400073237252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318218909","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98308915,0.0000914529,0.000060319093,0.0002471434,0.00016090245,0.00044411473,0.000026449768,0.00002450537,0.015855944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998963,0.000013145809,0.0000049171704,0.000005452136,0.000019157986,0.000040615134,0.0000063559914,0.000004909362,0.000009152191],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883384,0.00020909487,0.00032376678,0.00008812964,0.00046179423,0.000083350315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926126,0.0003154853,0.00010003857,0.00017681978,0.00014000814,0.000006408585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020050118,0.00007772465,0.00014901854,0.0001391739,0.00003379103,0.000013841328,0.00012913949,0.000031870826,0.000016823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011967192,0.00004147951,0.000029563222,0.0003988442,0.00008885495,0.00008435407,0.00003099031,0.00008977594,0.0000013740638],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002519683,0.0003390521,0.036060203,0.0013314135,0.0004223851,0.0000037453665,0.045218557,0.7518269,0.028161295,0.11566697,0.0021257494,0.018591782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013613902,0.00007178162,0.065054104,0.00045361792,0.00005474018,6.2603897e-7,0.00947457,0.9166639,0.004876025,0.001896352,0.000042941938,0.000049939783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058337966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022059104,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16483703,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030047706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000734637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16914853},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318240138","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-821285-1.00001-4","title":"Lattice Boltzmann method and its applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"","keywords":"Mesoscopic physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Distribution function; Boundary value problem; Statistical physics; Computer science; Lattice (music); Range (aeronautics); Cellular automaton; Applied mathematics; Mathematics; Algorithm; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.031706723514775284,"score_gpt":0.28444699429873177,"score_spread":0.2527402707839565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318240138","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000004430299,0.0041758562,0.0007564178,0.000048907088,0.00024975796,0.0008163588,0.0000903007,0.0010355957,0.99282235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00032259806,0.00074268144,0.0017286248,0.00010464377,0.00039980887,0.00023343405,0.000027051492,0.0002695176,0.99617165],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856,0.0000150871665,0.00044201498,0.0004215986,0.00027458713,0.000286692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998808,0.00041241426,0.00009301252,0.000437044,0.0001243883,0.00012512071],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023664354,0.0004542388,0.0005381519,0.0002025457,0.00014910796,0.00005438178,0.00018397976,0.0003100854,0.000051702908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021819682,0.00047607115,0.00012122877,0.000030134815,0.00005034821,0.00005910059,0.00017422812,0.00043760863,0.0013255425],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020328023,0.0000018578737,0.0000012515197,0.0004587048,0.00040039647,0.000010435666,0.00029703614,0.00044117688,0.00002771445,0.057021867,0.000380936,0.9409566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015985296,0.00000796099,0.000023364484,0.00013418199,0.00024859916,0.000007786052,0.000008983814,0.001684824,0.000024146204,0.021766378,0.9754495,0.00048440043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.306241e-8,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071964523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97506857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060587732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001990258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319789780","doi":"10.1002/fld.5106","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319789780","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321173130","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106036","title":"General fourth-order Chapman–Enskog expansion of lattice Boltzmann schemes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Université de Montréal; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Centre de Recherches Mathématiques","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Partial differential equation; Lattice (music); Taylor series; Applied mathematics; Boltzmann constant; Statistical physics; Scaling; Scalar (mathematics); HPP model; Lattice gas automaton; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Algorithm; Geometry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.023008505310720143,"score_gpt":0.25682206032387817,"score_spread":0.23381355501315804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321173130","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92124146,0.00066104386,0.07370649,0.00016364123,0.0014229463,0.0002000074,0.000009657734,0.0012059698,0.0013887535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97140384,0.00022873857,0.026990417,0.00014060813,0.0004412321,0.000011890106,0.000039422543,0.00008958845,0.00065426197],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986507,0.000027025382,0.00037865853,0.00026318894,0.00030537648,0.0003750429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991715,0.00015404381,0.00003802134,0.00039211757,0.00016197706,0.00008236173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016594134,0.0002384165,0.0003387996,0.00023848724,0.0000956156,0.000030310974,0.00022464259,0.0000925165,0.000028071345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003326486,0.00024139255,0.00010056398,0.000685446,0.000070515795,0.0001962108,0.00020503486,0.00013109487,0.00026661705],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027889668,0.000051311017,0.0037477834,0.00051620847,0.0005590711,0.00006533697,0.0051849904,0.84008,0.037346516,0.0033395784,0.07965017,0.029431121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066618994,0.00004631862,0.011627512,0.00007584851,0.000038316437,0.000004550412,0.00010369568,0.9624238,0.0065404708,0.00015078552,0.017979302,0.0003431922],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007298876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012353927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12234379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003928518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016688811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98437023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321442293","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2023.02.028","title":"A critical review on molecular dynamics applied to structure fracture and failure analysis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Mesoscopic physics; Mesoscale meteorology; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computer science; Submarine pipeline; Geology; Mechanics; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Oceanography","score_opus":0.011831433488251716,"score_gpt":0.29019611993499667,"score_spread":0.27836468644674495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321442293","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000043901648,0.9488262,0.048945677,0.000095546675,0.00006500099,0.0009103396,0.00042269682,0.0006385861,0.00005205023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.002317399,0.99070317,0.004189365,0.00024968854,0.00009039977,0.00028575666,0.0017734497,0.00030595047,0.00008480557],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9966319,0.00004947386,0.0010292248,0.000876437,0.00079170626,0.00062120875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982399,0.00027899566,0.00014835224,0.0009189098,0.00011696571,0.0002968764],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026048662,0.0010611308,0.0037212165,0.0021724766,0.0001475465,0.00025636217,0.00034956544,0.00028417533,0.00007645023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011740803,0.00086172036,0.0007257233,0.007930698,0.000039963714,0.000089714544,0.00011924287,0.0007846414,0.000044033044],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038559547,0.00001817542,0.000041922118,0.046855435,0.07810015,0.000081640945,0.00009848015,0.8414234,4.6232145e-7,0.00023385386,0.0005464781,0.032596145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019010992,0.000051968527,0.00009972166,0.012088963,0.13599797,0.000004911105,0.000029063269,0.050114367,6.5135185e-7,0.000011705007,0.79972374,0.0016868503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004916416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000089483605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7991772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049239094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006256078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99938333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321614054","doi":"10.1103/physrevfluids.8.024306","title":"Stochastic model for predicting the shape of flexible fibers in suspensions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Suspension (topology); Settling; Fiber; Planar; Materials science; Mechanics; Deformation (meteorology); Stochastic modelling; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.059159841614818534,"score_gpt":0.33943859895645007,"score_spread":0.28027875734163155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321614054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.847896,0.049448043,0.08739395,0.0028521148,0.0007933815,0.005511442,0.0001275021,0.0016849764,0.0042926143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984977,0.0009432343,0.00012992744,0.00006898507,0.00007065527,0.0001754615,0.000006732875,0.000023682534,0.000083592786],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930745,0.000013632194,0.00024002364,0.00011102743,0.00014132546,0.0001865672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906975,0.00064591423,0.000021362503,0.00018693991,0.00004932367,0.00002670038],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020356849,0.00009869813,0.00028084897,0.000034505476,0.00004270127,0.000004584222,0.00010864832,0.000013514655,0.0000068386194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002605637,0.00006980169,0.0001038306,0.00044314537,0.000031507017,0.00006209038,0.00005429726,0.00008333898,0.000032661294],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030772762,0.000018958024,0.000041540017,0.0010197007,0.00004175384,2.7475687e-7,0.0010153702,0.98279005,0.0009602116,0.005737889,0.0044075255,0.0039636428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000111883106,0.000009826972,0.0004928617,0.00060138066,0.000051259278,1.1572796e-7,0.000042513875,0.99671614,0.000038710103,0.0016964169,0.00017006045,0.00006882068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019005372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018600272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15060174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021504737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011234073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28464302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321995744","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-egu23-10353","title":"Modelling tectonic flow with discontinuous Galerkin level set method: Case studies and applications  for the Neoarchean crustal dynamics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Finite element method; Galerkin method; Adaptive mesh refinement; Discretization; Level set method; Flow (mathematics); Geophysics; Geometry; Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Computational science; Segmentation","score_opus":0.15531392693333035,"score_gpt":0.35882338180775514,"score_spread":0.2035094548744248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321995744","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0028149418,0.0019860263,0.99115604,0.00032217047,0.00015703218,0.0021879934,0.0006732115,0.0005637195,0.00013888885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.55192226,0.001104278,0.43957525,0.000031876745,0.00040033608,0.00427205,0.00016564871,0.00028110654,0.0022471938],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986117,0.000031896514,0.00036702922,0.00048810517,0.00017368667,0.00032757284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99762064,0.0014842704,0.000078363344,0.00055650773,0.00020599771,0.00005421843],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047899224,0.0004045156,0.0004910996,0.000116284675,0.00038132598,0.000121731435,0.00018170584,0.0001333977,0.0000014958332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036584708,0.0002678416,0.000100480174,0.00015173026,0.00014233863,0.000052211235,0.0005206415,0.00043431454,0.0000029968087],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000963447,0.000004447327,0.000021158477,0.000606668,0.0009796841,0.000014762258,0.0013671401,0.98997736,9.2448226e-7,0.00077306904,0.00018832351,0.006056841],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028644523,0.000015248345,0.00001695101,0.0000709411,0.00039028082,0.00008648495,0.0067881932,0.98864496,0.0000071325853,0.0029793358,0.00035488457,0.00035916737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015291317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023155734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5515807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015147972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039429124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322576078","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-32-391244-0.00022-x","title":"Beyond standard treatments: Flow in porous media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Context (archaeology); Flow (mathematics); Set (abstract data type); Mathematics; Porosity; Work (physics); Richards equation; Calculus (dental); Applied mathematics; Theoretical physics; Mechanics; Computer science; Geotechnical engineering; Thermodynamics; Geology; Physics; Geometry","score_opus":0.018731166870338222,"score_gpt":0.24002518746704773,"score_spread":0.22129402059670952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322576078","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011625525,0.0021707746,0.0000061435035,0.000021616272,0.0010732837,0.00048629846,0.00031165505,0.0006611978,0.9951528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014565592,0.00058933545,0.000457768,0.000057475787,0.00035324297,0.000072120754,0.000105453255,0.00032151066,0.99658656],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99821115,0.000011855145,0.0005714245,0.0003735977,0.00045667417,0.0003753211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910283,0.00019482212,0.00007657469,0.0004571915,0.00007191627,0.00009665881],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015424228,0.0005453264,0.0007677991,0.00033506667,0.00005436665,0.00003778315,0.00017392662,0.00033143238,0.00015748516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025983778,0.0005346333,0.00015265016,0.000031335057,0.000072202914,0.00005806659,0.000099662735,0.0004065345,0.000864599],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013092995,0.0000030617557,0.000022738483,0.00011449388,0.00041613076,0.0002324127,0.0012900123,0.0015910241,0.0000025156808,0.00161367,0.00062724267,0.9940736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014402093,0.000053798703,0.00027661826,0.0006485687,0.000299764,0.000007549187,0.000052286945,0.000624451,0.000020781119,0.039038807,0.95648164,0.0010555494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.5889516e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002139911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99301803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003919443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042796048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322620274","doi":"10.1108/hff-09-2022-0562","title":"Numerical investigation of h-Darrieus wind turbine aerodynamics at different tip speed ratios","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat &amp Fluid Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Aerodynamics; Tip-speed ratio; Wake; Turbine; Mechanics; Large eddy simulation; Turbulence; Stall (fluid mechanics); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanical fan; Aerospace engineering; Simulation; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.04660861581280588,"score_gpt":0.35956957771455855,"score_spread":0.31296096190175265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322620274","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3509685,0.00025499286,0.64460814,0.0010244783,0.0026649646,0.0002329363,0.000057567755,0.00010835696,0.0000800754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76841336,0.00014083445,0.23016883,0.00014077351,0.00077583507,0.000009670764,0.000096226606,0.00007945032,0.0001750021],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973591,0.00020546679,0.0012136787,0.0002094179,0.0007205019,0.00029185993],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99689585,0.0016613697,0.00022632969,0.00019792414,0.0008155409,0.00020295617],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075371104,0.00028361307,0.0006650052,0.00038850532,0.00007646798,0.00004413435,0.00040231054,0.00012555263,0.00008450128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011822678,0.00024141696,0.00036049297,0.00041616763,0.000092597606,0.00025634535,0.00010210926,0.00026031784,0.000025163075],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045327662,0.00008889098,0.0086786365,0.00012348326,0.0012607352,0.000013647228,0.0012312673,0.7638382,0.19947565,0.00024919532,0.0043074535,0.020279612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016096495,0.00019790714,0.018704614,0.00010781355,0.000111596986,0.00006839447,0.00005145499,0.9529693,0.016490484,0.0023633435,0.0070168637,0.00030855738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000058712017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016587262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41744488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039944082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000365127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9844698},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323275446","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118390","title":"High fidelity adaptive Cartesian octree grid computations of the flow past a Platonic polyhedron up to a Reynolds number of 200","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Reynolds number; Octree; Drag coefficient; Mathematics; Geometry; Drag; Polyhedron; Lift (data mining); Physics; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Computer science","score_opus":0.014710042102486913,"score_gpt":0.2574105812072361,"score_spread":0.24270053910474917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323275446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934628,0.00010703693,0.0025060368,0.0017379865,0.00051352486,0.00032855244,0.00012987168,0.000741828,0.00047237918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979839,0.000010242257,0.0017324989,0.00003149452,0.00003455375,0.000041406667,0.000006785557,0.000027522829,0.00013164917],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989882,0.000020997231,0.00036454637,0.00018751262,0.00016976065,0.00026896506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918073,0.00012160036,0.0000704755,0.00045827648,0.00014018749,0.000028742299],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000086367996,0.00014980239,0.00031022856,0.00024742985,0.000069765454,0.000004181204,0.00026117451,0.0001564701,0.000029420451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007365934,0.00012897009,0.00007200533,0.0015052998,0.00014422025,0.000047639616,0.00019638761,0.00017832231,0.0001112601],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058323287,0.00009629826,0.10794769,0.00023219148,0.000976782,0.000012189051,0.006497576,0.7952792,0.005788616,0.037743744,0.035777837,0.009589525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033970147,0.00026686522,0.6627662,0.00041928343,0.0003575838,0.000056822988,0.0073922905,0.24402235,0.03943387,0.03109416,0.009470851,0.0013226921],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007296116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013896215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5548185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000634849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023384275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52592474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323311969","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2441/1/012046","title":"An investigation of flow characteristics between different mediums","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Discretization; Mechanics; Momentum (technical analysis); Flow (mathematics); Viscosity; Boundary value problem; Fluid dynamics; Contrast (vision); Fluid pressure; Materials science; Mathematics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.04170506769176812,"score_gpt":0.265748227599763,"score_spread":0.2240431599079949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323311969","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888592,0.000014176848,0.010475826,0.000103100385,0.00033695594,0.00004715056,0.00003714673,0.000070473805,0.000056013858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988984,0.00011189284,0.00045785584,0.0000059862286,0.00046118847,0.0000014535813,0.000026989766,0.000018919445,0.000017326813],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990071,0.000031582047,0.00046891792,0.000062329396,0.0002998884,0.00013018613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990609,0.00009661452,0.00023757637,0.00013175062,0.00039374625,0.000079356265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013803816,0.00013055433,0.00037311084,0.00008588229,0.00003928501,0.00003639606,0.00015173026,0.000044690736,0.000010638751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032017,0.00011037863,0.000059352078,0.00020198742,0.000092569244,0.0005873735,0.00002566506,0.00015355203,0.0000073396845],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000095738134,0.000084823594,0.40839204,0.0011748095,0.0012312715,0.000026981867,0.03885561,0.041584596,0.27816343,0.012312976,0.0011911651,0.21688655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003525863,0.00022750888,0.7796054,0.00017736276,0.00011269868,0.0000022974232,0.0010490528,0.013743762,0.18957166,0.0148234125,0.000102032696,0.00023225964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.571279e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016329445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37121332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000230153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037804817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45011097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323834961","doi":"10.1002/fld.5107","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323834961","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324045025","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.105861","title":"Unfitted finite element methods based on correction functions for Stokes flows with singular forces of low regularity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Pointwise; Finite element method; Jump; Constant (computer programming); Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Interface (matter); Applied mathematics; Computer science; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.022628343460152016,"score_gpt":0.2821617035557355,"score_spread":0.2595333600955835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4324045025","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04160817,0.0000460933,0.9555145,0.00009305733,0.0014819906,0.0004013649,0.00001856716,0.0006159129,0.00022035996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87421215,0.000007710054,0.12495969,0.00010590026,0.00015549135,0.000106981934,0.00014174315,0.00006327294,0.00024705727],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902976,0.000057332436,0.00027341992,0.00021734758,0.00019525425,0.00022686216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986493,0.00082307064,0.000043667336,0.00027866723,0.00015962019,0.000045652807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033462414,0.00018365543,0.00026292144,0.000255516,0.00015223074,0.000028240345,0.00009517279,0.00005831337,0.0000097723005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005923456,0.00016907431,0.000094488176,0.0005516373,0.00003935231,0.00008732366,0.000028460725,0.000086873864,0.000008074781],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056995264,0.000026622847,0.00030740735,0.00013568427,0.00012715188,9.2905304e-7,0.0002322909,0.9759717,0.0015782549,0.00007287848,0.0075406968,0.013949368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008070738,0.00025527578,0.0032293936,0.000118729185,0.0000623926,4.0391004e-7,0.00009009445,0.9801656,0.0046363636,0.000042882457,0.01041316,0.00017863061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005847212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009117528,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.832604,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078841535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001888492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68946505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324131587","doi":"10.1139/cgj-2022-0489","title":"Multiphase lattice Boltzmann modeling of cyclic water retention behavior in unsaturated sand based on X-ray computed tomography","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Imbibition; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Saturation (graph theory); Wetting; Drainage; Suction; Hysteresis; Materials science; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Mineralogy; Soil science; Mechanics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02639655913968816,"score_gpt":0.24866116664784307,"score_spread":0.2222646075081549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4324131587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896415,0.00008440013,0.008880209,0.00032769534,0.00034305645,0.00030251898,0.000039530398,0.00027103306,0.00011008195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999113,0.000017220336,0.0005889597,0.000102521335,0.0000620522,0.000013710758,0.00004939345,0.000042086096,0.000011049008],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983297,0.00006380531,0.00058066973,0.00019334022,0.0002869377,0.0005455243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991488,0.000088756315,0.000045849632,0.00022096644,0.00014565355,0.0003500023],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045169287,0.00020019435,0.00029280054,0.0013409365,0.00013642487,0.000053560976,0.00018931847,0.00020275767,0.00004176068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006360685,0.00017432668,0.0001417653,0.0008475318,0.000047958645,0.00014141997,0.000018630724,0.0006381234,0.00002679926],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020606396,0.000021731335,0.0009564608,0.000021367568,0.000025970026,0.00017969878,0.00006452751,0.9944571,0.0034418472,0.0000075955522,0.00021162127,0.0005914684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009603371,0.00004944497,0.019219711,0.0001231994,0.00004050316,0.000009828322,0.00003587644,0.9786338,0.00035012158,0.00004075278,0.00032743064,0.00020895567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010113983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012632518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01826325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022163427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006006216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71088356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360847408","doi":"10.1103/physrevfluids.8.033302","title":"Modeling and numerical simulations of Brownian rodlike particles with anisotropic translational diffusion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Région Bretagne; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; ISblue","keywords":"Brownian dynamics; Isotropy; Brownian motion; Diffusion; Rod; Classical mechanics; Diffusion process; Tensor (intrinsic definition); Anisotropy; Statistical physics; Heavy traffic approximation; Physics; Finite element method; Mechanics; Mathematics; Geometry; Computer science; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.026926888131177683,"score_gpt":0.28839695987116737,"score_spread":0.2614700717399897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4360847408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96587104,0.0039339205,0.029315585,0.00033569313,0.00001888038,0.00020349042,0.000014961184,0.0002006169,0.000105845196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978485,0.0014751134,0.0005416163,0.0000351631,0.000047543435,0.000012904117,0.000013744335,0.00001997633,0.000005427795],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928665,0.000021630192,0.00021124323,0.00013020351,0.00021117814,0.00013907626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961776,0.00014034385,0.000014153694,0.000120761004,0.000053120482,0.00005383712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043920056,0.000113893475,0.00027566025,0.000033081622,0.000055947185,0.0000081152575,0.000044395325,0.000014279799,0.00001162002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030043264,0.00008797516,0.00004745437,0.0003794365,0.0000350417,0.00011527189,0.000020748681,0.000062859595,0.000019082327],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007329126,0.000051144918,0.002428815,0.001051107,0.000068859474,0.0000012168522,0.00051626505,0.9723732,0.009389238,0.0035600902,0.000060935447,0.010491805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021038538,0.00002348568,0.0063688443,0.0002953859,0.000068976246,5.007462e-7,0.000011196597,0.9916569,0.00012095988,0.0008092397,0.0003299245,0.0001041765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032649607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017367644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031977504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008122305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007284043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35875228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4361284647","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24901","title":"Calculating porosity and permeability from synthetic micro‐ <scp>CT</scp> scan images based on a hybrid artificial intelligence","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Image processing; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Automation; Porosity; Perceptron; Deep learning; Convolutional neural network; Boltzmann machine; Algorithm; Multilayer perceptron; Machine learning; Image (mathematics); Pattern recognition (psychology); Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.016456733843820112,"score_gpt":0.21578034510110997,"score_spread":0.19932361125728987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4361284647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972674,0.00021108655,0.0017606964,0.0002465615,0.00024777555,0.000076812306,0.00004175502,0.00008278517,0.00006511226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991832,0.0000027249318,0.0005561879,0.000036986374,0.00017688953,0.0000024559204,0.0000035333937,0.000034773588,0.0000032801734],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891394,0.000019503239,0.00037512576,0.00013735241,0.00020035676,0.00035372935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99847424,0.00089375186,0.0000573038,0.00018651539,0.00007537572,0.00031279284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038571013,0.0001843934,0.00025576382,0.000157086,0.00011060789,0.000093965995,0.00020023629,0.00003655354,0.000010226238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010085007,0.00015738331,0.000088321576,0.00023599829,0.00010351401,0.000082211096,0.000022567017,0.0004117985,0.0000102612585],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026778312,0.0000048857887,0.00082748965,0.000053628883,0.000062912724,0.00009116216,0.00054879073,0.916172,0.07873788,0.00004421606,0.00016895725,0.0032853761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008819138,0.000012949526,0.0032113332,0.00016134731,0.00004750338,0.000029418918,0.000103259896,0.6987923,0.2967362,0.00053313916,0.00016726511,0.000117132346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042294688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000088565466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21799833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023349687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082857296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64179057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362577734","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24909","title":"Experimental estimation of the settling velocity and drag coefficient of the hollow cylindrical particles settling in non‐ <scp>Newtonian</scp> fluids in an annular channel","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Settling; Drag coefficient; Reynolds number; Drag; Mechanics; Cylinder; Materials science; Newtonian fluid; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Particle (ecology); Hydraulic diameter; Physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Geometry; Mathematics; Geology","score_opus":0.012609308290093815,"score_gpt":0.22330802258024937,"score_spread":0.21069871429015555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362577734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99880844,0.000352796,0.00034964352,0.00017654657,0.00016364429,0.00012145894,0.0000071193117,0.000012864336,0.000007490357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997038,0.0000022350455,0.00021370056,0.00001547915,0.00003814201,0.0000035613841,7.101649e-7,0.000021109916,0.0000012306544],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896497,0.000026122823,0.00043700638,0.00008078989,0.00022592994,0.00026518205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994064,0.00019819768,0.000077421406,0.00015210158,0.000050408125,0.000115460076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004425885,0.00012426818,0.00023037501,0.00014652425,0.000056418725,0.000024710313,0.00024928956,0.00006889285,7.0117187e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003313661,0.00008424588,0.00006343281,0.0005833122,0.000094274146,0.00011192555,0.000046423524,0.00031917266,3.3183014e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000151873,0.0000067185397,0.0018152439,0.000036116355,0.000015504853,0.000004161687,0.005089407,0.9047499,0.08815608,0.000024181287,0.000010867702,0.000090355905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028790586,0.000009117528,0.020692663,0.00017374303,0.000011070943,0.000008779881,0.00040491798,0.81072134,0.1676094,0.000032091724,0.0000060350358,0.000042933465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013325839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010941375,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094028495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017434663,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007066439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34354475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362607146","doi":"10.5539/jmr.v15n2p19","title":"Convergence for an Immersed Finite Volume Method for Elliptic and Parabolic Interface Problems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematics Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Piecewise; Mathematics; Finite element method; Interface (matter); Constant (computer programming); Finite volume method for one-dimensional steady state diffusion; Convergence (economics); Mathematical analysis; Diffusion; Elliptic curve; Applied mathematics; Partial differential equation; Physics; Computer science; Mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.22290185294621256,"score_gpt":0.46054110553564576,"score_spread":0.2376392525894332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362607146","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1819076,0.00069184834,0.815675,0.0003766169,0.00023803434,0.0008915203,0.00002229507,0.00006304157,0.00013401327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8276279,0.00069131254,0.16989653,0.000011381292,0.00020845704,0.00007729272,0.0000026937964,0.00008688907,0.0013975732],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998655,0.000058496345,0.00047955947,0.00009893629,0.00037897463,0.00032902384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965779,0.0024140775,0.000096521195,0.00014922029,0.0006319061,0.00013035786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038305277,0.00010250286,0.0003009318,0.00031864457,0.00011259564,0.00007494732,0.00019571811,0.000056344074,0.000015013017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011396772,0.00008522768,0.00006820743,0.00029723693,0.00005174557,0.00019670151,0.000050725004,0.00021222609,0.000023009059],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001666556,0.0002913336,0.0004652603,0.010655218,0.0010547915,0.000010754683,0.04232214,0.8360787,0.058470007,0.0052801077,0.034574095,0.010630916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005996545,0.00025863046,0.00011699886,0.000119847675,0.000028508655,0.000009451344,0.0025323213,0.97679687,0.0015509516,0.011706437,0.006184133,0.00009620313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012917139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025928919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6457785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041090683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036951496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3475484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362648728","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4410411","title":"Label-Free Ai-Based Surrogate Modelling for Highly Compressible Subsurface Flow Using Both Physics and Non-Physics Regularizations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Flow (mathematics); Compressibility; Compressible flow; Statistical physics; Theoretical physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.04651306531544442,"score_gpt":0.27862621685265987,"score_spread":0.23211315153721546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362648728","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04010411,0.0015061384,0.9564316,0.00019884539,0.00065282,0.0005411485,0.0001807706,0.0003529705,0.000031540698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9434497,0.0020576234,0.052378584,0.000042446605,0.0010900209,0.000051950694,0.00018372604,0.00042103374,0.0003249383],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967592,0.000054311757,0.0005712337,0.00044430717,0.00035939438,0.0018115843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985356,0.0002263297,0.00026378984,0.0005014513,0.00036714826,0.000105701954],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007592195,0.00052002975,0.0006382953,0.00013597,0.0005398557,0.00027782656,0.0004041197,0.00026081374,0.0000011932977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032264095,0.0005689209,0.00020218495,0.00030072228,0.00006660034,0.00028075124,0.0002652224,0.0023921137,0.0000039500605],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020173282,0.000028973416,0.0002048348,0.0002607562,0.0006008835,0.0000011375947,0.00015365517,0.99428004,0.00025406643,0.0036131835,0.00008208286,0.0005001876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012657152,0.00003019808,0.00002172369,0.00020057274,0.00027942535,0.0000040077116,0.00006498429,0.8006085,0.000252587,0.19677842,0.00005640484,0.00043747076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044067205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001292186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9040531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008809414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011680926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362667952","doi":"10.1002/fld.5108","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362667952","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362700600","doi":"10.1002/aic.18100","title":"Phenol biodegradation in a bioreactor considering different geometries and process parameters","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIChE Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bioreactor; Phenol; Inlet; Biodegradation; Chemistry; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Chromatography; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Mechanics; Organic chemistry; Geology; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03437304510280546,"score_gpt":0.26752693275082723,"score_spread":0.23315388764802175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362700600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99858665,0.00038742347,0.00031282767,0.00019414695,0.00016901398,0.0000733584,0.0000028024504,0.00019591447,0.000077864286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999336,0.00037034485,0.00019634135,0.000019499703,0.000037325855,0.000006259933,0.0000021344651,0.000016615411,0.000015474365],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993416,0.00001266703,0.0002226935,0.00008309274,0.00014816852,0.00019175786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996369,0.00017862004,0.000039635128,0.000056704674,0.000034541463,0.000053614705],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015378189,0.00010748375,0.0001539794,0.00038379198,0.0000666805,0.00008450793,0.000044726057,0.00003817505,0.000007867294],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014745393,0.00008906685,0.000020963831,0.000430192,0.00003075626,0.00022577691,0.000022737177,0.00017952493,0.000012004046],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000550046,0.00006717251,0.8170803,0.0005000583,0.00050909526,0.00013101005,0.016645476,0.11246167,0.013068582,0.000110035806,0.0024795409,0.03689203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022175375,0.00006929281,0.8414184,0.00025693816,0.00006908841,0.00010084476,0.0056365086,0.13512623,0.010155924,0.00339148,0.0009457187,0.0006120676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033765002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014429464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03627996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004776442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000807381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36320406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365140377","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.103711","title":"Numerical modeling of aerobic bio-phosphorus removal by phosphorus accumulating organisms using coupled lattice Boltzmann method and cellular automata platform","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Athabasca University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Athabasca University","keywords":"Phosphorus; Bioreactor; Eutrophication; Biofilm; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Aeration; Nutrient; Environmental science; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Thermodynamics; Biology; Activated sludge","score_opus":0.02742672700821666,"score_gpt":0.27572853615301374,"score_spread":0.24830180914479708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365140377","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6922817,0.0013849289,0.3056563,0.000019724837,0.0002804039,0.00011204223,0.0000038462576,0.00024506188,0.000015920841],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97060865,0.00015233268,0.028944826,0.000008831138,0.00012105949,0.0000031236361,0.000007487453,0.000139031,0.000014678545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974783,0.00001629366,0.0011316792,0.00024090288,0.0005555974,0.0005771943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989599,0.00016455264,0.00020863082,0.00020075958,0.00029808213,0.00016810102],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008477555,0.00039096014,0.0007582891,0.0003620287,0.00012073765,0.00008992059,0.00026951963,0.00016370328,0.000007921706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012322588,0.00032799284,0.00011889245,0.0005932323,0.000023289303,0.00073059695,0.0001140226,0.00043317737,0.000004941127],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023296583,0.000014311683,0.00012387076,0.00043059542,0.00021979517,0.00006271954,0.00188895,0.87893647,0.117843084,0.000008188524,0.000010622843,0.00043807234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007421554,0.000040982228,0.000027835451,0.00022881938,0.00013329953,0.00018471482,0.00030576345,0.87499225,0.1228222,0.000104277155,0.00008605114,0.0003316556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001714212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2525054e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2783269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012533565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003120676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999172},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366449369","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.3c00838","title":"Diffuse-Interface Blended Method for Imposing Physical Boundaries in Two-Fluid Flows","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Multiphase flow; Mechanics; Conformal map; Conservation of mass; Flow (mathematics); Interface (matter); Boundary (topology); Computer science; Two-phase flow; Incompressible flow; Materials science; Bubble; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.024796290841800957,"score_gpt":0.33981001881266404,"score_spread":0.3150137279708631,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366449369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9430415,0.00022834906,0.054025117,0.00032628397,0.000527701,0.00033614802,0.00003225075,0.00082302355,0.0006596507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949136,0.000011548031,0.004421706,0.000042896238,0.00017129457,0.000079490856,0.000011215548,0.000059958962,0.00028833307],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897826,0.000026892449,0.00022732852,0.00021073046,0.00014799218,0.00040877008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991782,0.00050761533,0.000021653264,0.00021511706,0.000043006447,0.000034457327],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023778516,0.00017656626,0.00029193066,0.00014568577,0.00015234227,0.00013058413,0.00012989299,0.00003730969,0.0000015894328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012310792,0.00017415006,0.00007044831,0.0004083435,0.00003237615,0.00021590266,0.00009812842,0.00012343025,0.000079947014],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013297338,0.00017695261,0.0013525435,0.00049553,0.00046646714,0.000021762158,0.026996452,0.78165406,0.15239607,0.0071421084,0.015063521,0.01410156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019474713,0.000026938513,0.0011141353,0.00003867322,0.000035077843,0.000001413724,0.0005746099,0.93259954,0.019563736,0.0031601482,0.040635776,0.00030247285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014525159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010325123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15094548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008745541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020246749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71016335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367057102","doi":"10.1016/j.jocs.2023.102034","title":"A unified forcing scheme for the single relaxation lattice Boltzmann method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discretization; Forcing (mathematics); Boltzmann equation; Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Momentum (technical analysis); Body force; Statistical physics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.05296929016269584,"score_gpt":0.3353661978949451,"score_spread":0.28239690773224924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367057102","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.111074544,0.00015729065,0.88594043,0.0013592243,0.00065945036,0.00015717818,0.0000029239723,0.00008755574,0.00056139997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88087225,0.00000780835,0.11878546,0.00008023318,0.00016988796,0.0000040702416,0.0000011347377,0.000010357124,0.00006878135],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886465,0.00001787748,0.00034369377,0.00008681829,0.0005065606,0.00018040484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971472,0.0018869397,0.00017678471,0.00007272098,0.00066733523,0.000049016235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018904512,0.000074090894,0.0001169583,0.0002195183,0.0003470597,0.00009985471,0.00025279215,0.000020469222,0.0000038770763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061984133,0.000052826803,0.000064963686,0.0010591976,0.00008931658,0.0005327504,0.000037710808,0.000100657046,0.000012082219],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007504927,0.00000570108,0.00008076158,0.000011987411,0.000025931713,7.652341e-7,0.00050661043,0.98693305,0.0025172902,0.004550781,0.00088931434,0.0044703274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003107278,0.000038141017,0.02139864,0.000024053059,0.000021268463,0.00001698038,0.00029507297,0.95775044,0.00053514395,0.01621928,0.0033168022,0.00007345528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.9461586e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.217138e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76979774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001046224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008686837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26693374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367292618","doi":"10.1063/5.0147475","title":"Direct simulation of stably stratified wall-bounded turbulence using the lattice Boltzmann method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Physics; Turbulence; Direct numerical simulation; Reynolds number; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mechanics; Taylor microscale; Richardson number; Buoyancy; K-epsilon turbulence model; Stratified flow; Turbulence modeling; Kolmogorov microscales; Classical mechanics; K-omega turbulence model","score_opus":0.05698740687414432,"score_gpt":0.3298668691725804,"score_spread":0.27287946229843607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367292618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78298706,0.000322426,0.21249941,0.00005243047,0.00029201378,0.00038258798,0.000048467075,0.00040180533,0.0030138164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949853,0.000026265074,0.0047766636,0.0000136986,0.000089444584,0.0000064064043,0.000009625901,0.000037031547,0.000055572207],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987908,0.000070037204,0.00039162033,0.0001638077,0.00036688714,0.00021683756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99834704,0.000935046,0.000093418945,0.00037383955,0.00022281113,0.00002783987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039266326,0.00016967148,0.00031540784,0.00006242779,0.00009762475,0.000023944516,0.0001913879,0.00004956341,0.000009373971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008460325,0.00014189114,0.000098590666,0.00070195104,0.00007716038,0.00027252678,0.00006473034,0.00010384446,0.000010258561],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008957572,0.000015537387,0.00015708985,0.00013551713,0.00013690913,4.2460914e-7,0.0017467493,0.9450608,0.049686894,0.0017037396,0.00005979703,0.0012875993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020497777,0.000016203754,0.0017532741,0.000041121657,0.00009010394,1.3887089e-7,0.00019293354,0.95342,0.04075423,0.003203196,0.00018269397,0.00014114802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045889275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044476924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21199825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003692309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025335721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5786153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367841152","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2023.112189","title":"A parallel and adaptative Nitsche immersed boundary method to simulate viscous mixing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Ministère de l'Économie, de la Science et de l'Innovation - Québec","keywords":"Impeller; Reynolds number; Mixing (physics); Software; Rushton turbine; Computer science; Mechanics; Boundary (topology); Mechanical engineering; Viscous liquid; Flow (mathematics); Vortex; Immersed boundary method; Computational fluid dynamics; Simulation; Mathematics; Engineering; Physics; Turbulence; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.03533081507635737,"score_gpt":0.32196495956715376,"score_spread":0.2866341444907964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367841152","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16146651,0.00015148423,0.83751994,0.0002863806,0.00017204977,0.0000880111,0.000008720911,0.00006367221,0.00024323321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8774662,0.000011949495,0.12208242,0.00014948238,0.00022976345,0.0000018117591,0.000004317448,0.00002591454,0.00002811155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903554,0.000045914345,0.0003395775,0.00008652499,0.0003434706,0.0001489501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986608,0.00078049884,0.00011211183,0.00004630404,0.00031305934,0.00008724183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002838153,0.00012727706,0.00025188725,0.00012921284,0.000097730444,0.000055609533,0.00007101265,0.000025189067,0.0000031942138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041668623,0.00012079281,0.00007090556,0.00039634787,0.000025465746,0.00026200962,0.00004129267,0.00015945837,0.000031545256],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000269295,0.000009831952,0.000056147597,0.000022333135,0.00020849542,0.000015061882,0.0021548118,0.98571354,0.0003352664,0.0009922142,0.00074861915,0.009716759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070391834,0.000060210947,0.009202991,0.000045451616,0.00004219598,0.00001211111,0.00041846128,0.94047505,0.000068844034,0.04697448,0.0018432778,0.00015303088],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010995666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.534728e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7159997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053277683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043965596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49257877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375861004","doi":"10.1002/fld.5109","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4375861004","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376274914","doi":"10.1063/5.0144987","title":"Impact of wettability on immiscible displacement in water saturated thin porous media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Porous medium; Viscous fingering; Wetting; Microscale chemistry; Capillary pressure; Capillary action; Capillary number; Saturation (graph theory); Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Displacement (psychology); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Phase diagram; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Phase (matter); Flow (mathematics); Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.023555215764597535,"score_gpt":0.28744829959001156,"score_spread":0.26389308382541404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376274914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99884397,0.000033397686,0.000061886574,0.000027773705,0.00011633633,0.00012536263,0.000029370487,0.000097022596,0.0006648644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998367,0.000013742997,0.00003327087,0.000002668566,0.00002973526,0.00000770026,0.000039806804,0.000018877206,0.000017499198],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916756,0.000019604298,0.0002798456,0.00011828053,0.00021563414,0.00019905646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995198,0.00013222788,0.000020812711,0.00023865532,0.0000622539,0.00002621316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018072016,0.00012574035,0.00025335612,0.000071709575,0.000014556744,0.0000048129664,0.0000869871,0.0000341751,0.000025215033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028428723,0.00008981926,0.000076236,0.00032246052,0.00003808385,0.00009993879,0.00003678979,0.00008658294,0.00004735563],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055183027,0.00013472451,0.03876841,0.00016716155,0.00016562299,0.0000020222303,0.0065522366,0.72992927,0.22225508,0.00033424227,0.00065530534,0.0009807114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001017259,0.00012582233,0.6931631,0.000066968234,0.00002562424,8.768757e-8,0.00019307666,0.08974743,0.21245134,0.0029408473,0.00002057655,0.00024787587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000096948876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010072599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6543947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083065745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000105169565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36627233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377097105","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2023.344","title":"Lattice Boltzmann modelling of colloidal suspensions drying in porous media accounting for local nanoparticle effects","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; National Science Foundation; University of Cambridge; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; University of Bath","keywords":"Nanoparticle; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Porous medium; Suspension (topology); Colloid; Capillary action; Deposition (geology); Isothermal process; Mechanics; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.031332158070037315,"score_gpt":0.25583953306203994,"score_spread":0.22450737499200263,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377097105","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84414357,0.00056066544,0.15415335,0.000057540055,0.0007851548,0.0002019444,0.000004174063,0.000069478236,0.000024120254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953456,0.00015511761,0.0042740293,0.00002462731,0.00013499621,0.0000067490887,0.0000016148754,0.000048615788,0.000008656458],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983421,0.000031680825,0.00078339735,0.00011306813,0.00037630607,0.00035347076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980891,0.001181248,0.00018886295,0.00013246592,0.00032913403,0.00007922706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010568141,0.0001565455,0.0004568059,0.00033338193,0.00007279351,0.000022714998,0.00015717377,0.00009622508,0.0000027857131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004526411,0.00015280371,0.00012079517,0.00058818684,0.000014855034,0.00030305318,0.00005965251,0.00020566354,0.00000745265],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004413277,0.000024135927,0.00009877129,0.0001686614,0.000066884,0.00003254052,0.0011065737,0.90470403,0.09163733,0.0011816043,0.00019047984,0.0007448649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011960873,0.00007172575,0.000108749606,0.00022686063,0.00008168562,0.0000132713985,0.0008322522,0.93448526,0.060500193,0.002260037,0.00008553544,0.00013831524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004604051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021367317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15120201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011462673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004951643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6231154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377101454","doi":"10.1063/5.0150359","title":"Settling dynamics of circular particles in vibrating tanks filled with a yield-stress liquid","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Settling; Physics; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Vibration; Newtonian fluid; Classical mechanics; Amplitude; Bingham plastic; Rheology; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.01938512045013388,"score_gpt":0.2375134447506329,"score_spread":0.21812832430049903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377101454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99192107,0.000101292244,0.007289114,0.000036414593,0.000048525566,0.00010381511,0.000030674462,0.00013916634,0.00032995993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99912274,0.000020444708,0.0007582798,0.0000048544694,0.000031751788,0.000012452614,0.000015197069,0.000029528353,0.0000047237013],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999231,0.000011926028,0.00027958702,0.000110633024,0.00018609744,0.00018075804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994893,0.00019017,0.000044932705,0.00018185757,0.0000712795,0.000022436861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098146695,0.00011268303,0.00025311182,0.00006469958,0.00002390112,0.00000787555,0.00008763334,0.00003464391,0.0000032145974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043673084,0.000109126784,0.000042420295,0.0005411268,0.000043119115,0.00013930794,0.000045577806,0.00008552688,0.000003977006],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021651105,0.000030093519,0.01023765,0.00037495064,0.00010312753,0.0000053085746,0.0024994032,0.9097238,0.074571155,0.0015449255,0.000015642076,0.00087227445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003710271,0.000054974873,0.003987496,0.00025623033,0.000025287407,2.7996245e-7,0.0008737188,0.91491187,0.078786775,0.00057290983,0.0000036070842,0.00015581957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019320265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024473728,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00720173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002750504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001259971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44500613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378225772","doi":"10.22541/essoar.168500367.77673037/v1","title":"Discrete simulations of fluid-driven transport of naturally shaped sediment particles","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Army Research Laboratory","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discrete element method; Mechanics; Drag; Particle (ecology); Sediment transport; Bed load; Granular material; SPHERES; Geology; Perpendicular; Free surface; Geometry; Geotechnical engineering; Physics; Sediment; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03977181298680865,"score_gpt":0.28641432293719193,"score_spread":0.24664250995038328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378225772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820562,0.00027934063,0.014681669,0.00018878093,0.00047334467,0.0005572665,0.00039300503,0.00062575896,0.0007446581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955467,0.00006719497,0.0038923235,0.000007921224,0.00004328067,0.00001999434,0.00011398381,0.00005341311,0.0002551915],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852306,0.000016424605,0.00071825786,0.00022257121,0.0003366312,0.00018307875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990932,0.00020431737,0.00011094863,0.00037834153,0.00016570062,0.0000475406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008943774,0.00023291566,0.000491574,0.00013495616,0.000025905149,0.000006896327,0.0001883588,0.00015475853,0.00009380179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027098478,0.00021104875,0.000184724,0.00016113631,0.000062183564,0.000067387184,0.00014383359,0.0001928116,0.0000135142],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007258473,0.000015043584,0.008818234,0.00048154188,0.00042179125,0.000001377182,0.0009800808,0.98316246,0.0055508898,0.0003993702,0.0001032977,0.000058639318],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035407735,0.00001540919,0.08651338,0.00018571384,0.00020185068,1.1877023e-7,0.00016861098,0.90527195,0.005875049,0.0010194267,0.0001172338,0.00027717405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004702296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009447706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07789052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039984265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029283576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8606318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378418197","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2023.104524","title":"Hydrodynamic force and torque fluctuations in a random array of polydisperse stationary spheres","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"SPHERES; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Drag; Immersed boundary method; Physics; Statistical physics; Octree; Hard spheres; Classical mechanics; Torque; Inertia; Grid; Computer science; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Geometry; Algorithm","score_opus":0.010448943271626134,"score_gpt":0.2761630195820611,"score_spread":0.2657140763104349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378418197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97786844,0.00032449455,0.020561954,0.00020755609,0.0005861215,0.00009795443,0.000064630534,0.00003394325,0.0002548829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948715,0.0002010094,0.0046492754,0.000017277058,0.00011764394,0.0000041333174,0.00001713682,0.000016044922,0.00010595458],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998947,0.000026483125,0.0005106261,0.000072979274,0.00034147178,0.0001013973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991142,0.0003989678,0.00012285232,0.000060576163,0.00026015175,0.000043257405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019437772,0.000097132885,0.00019313266,0.00039534326,0.000017021152,0.00001806267,0.00013250436,0.00003492948,0.000059665468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002555097,0.0000911408,0.000067873785,0.00017533703,0.00004439386,0.00030802772,0.000021325217,0.00011078697,0.000008053553],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017442997,0.00004503914,0.0054447753,0.000022117358,0.00024393287,0.000054173423,0.002387611,0.9622332,0.024553953,0.0000784951,0.00024195023,0.004520361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005998981,0.00003741845,0.028829396,0.0001511804,0.000026332144,0.00003609561,0.0014052349,0.9606279,0.0015377887,0.00086262956,0.00034853627,0.00013850903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000153455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009924511,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02338462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077662124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035954257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3716614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379744302","doi":"10.1002/fld.5110","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; World Wide Web; Library science","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379744302","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379792536","doi":"10.2514/6.2023-4426","title":"Comparison of Ghost Cell and one-sided Interpolation method for moving bodies in Immersed Boundary Method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Interpolation (computer graphics); Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Compressibility; Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Physics; Computer vision; Motion (physics)","score_opus":0.06548823577104732,"score_gpt":0.38470006287667496,"score_spread":0.3192118271056277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379792536","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13027377,0.00050675694,0.862499,0.00016460955,0.00019359798,0.00046488253,0.0000147227165,0.00030940515,0.0055732178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74388343,0.000018138731,0.2558276,0.000016109412,0.000016451322,0.000022623819,0.000011055637,0.000021843407,0.00018273776],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912417,0.000047483143,0.00039951276,0.00015195935,0.00010282893,0.00017406393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984021,0.0013554731,0.00005697408,0.00010678215,0.00005408009,0.000024571813],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005345052,0.00011891864,0.00035100005,0.00025154784,0.000051371848,0.00002407261,0.0000498139,0.000057094072,0.000014008324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013103063,0.00012114455,0.000042474934,0.00020263821,0.000020780722,0.0001509695,0.000060736766,0.00007925718,0.000004785809],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020420834,0.00014041136,0.09275912,0.0026556174,0.00050360715,0.000002169519,0.05630459,0.41374528,0.3772415,0.0044992594,0.0051320703,0.046812158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006132199,0.000025772397,0.021490049,0.00004320204,0.000030505194,1.4398512e-7,0.0046518454,0.94531775,0.026195256,0.001007557,0.00048727452,0.00013742567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000070021895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017492399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6136097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003207531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009911152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49401313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4381619379","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt23.171","title":"Hydrodynamic Profiles Of Computed Tomography-Scanned Polydispersed Beds Produced By Sieving","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Southampton","keywords":"Tomography; Computed tomography; Materials science; Geology; Physics; Optics; Radiology","score_opus":0.01595507050571429,"score_gpt":0.22724174975775,"score_spread":0.2112866792520357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4381619379","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931179,0.00008681585,0.00020051972,0.0012160743,0.00033043794,0.00035890233,0.000112635404,0.00018944887,0.0043872357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994436,0.0001186125,0.00012432325,0.000031976426,0.00004257165,0.00002981041,0.000017046264,0.000027361413,0.00016472873],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987962,0.0000052380337,0.00035042004,0.00023971539,0.00040804685,0.00020035323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999478,0.00004673851,0.00002281273,0.00008487604,0.0003221174,0.00004549319],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015521023,0.00020384499,0.00026875015,0.00020904362,0.00006109716,0.00004263306,0.00033043415,0.000067944085,0.000026468844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027472206,0.00016246464,0.00010469842,0.0003441461,0.00011046364,0.00018076926,0.00004588599,0.00013147235,0.000003541027],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006928543,0.000030277293,0.0034726774,0.00023638533,0.00022369964,1.7698693e-7,0.00078754534,0.0014597639,0.9849411,0.0074664685,0.000936644,0.0003759697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008766671,0.00007690321,0.0046575214,0.00038346712,0.000060454215,0.0000012075578,0.00056463585,0.5933361,0.39898852,0.0006088577,0.00016672704,0.00027895282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009178043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016450288,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5918763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029113671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014290348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6625116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384563851","doi":"10.1063/5.0157655","title":"Pore-scale modeling of water–gas flow in heterogeneous porous media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Porous medium; Capillary action; Viscous fingering; Mechanics; Capillary pressure; Multiphase flow; Displacement (psychology); Flow (mathematics); Capillary number; Porosity; Drainage; Two-phase flow; Petroleum engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Geology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.025429065913106032,"score_gpt":0.2421387909400306,"score_spread":0.21670972502692457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384563851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939863,0.000160776,0.004942897,0.00002098791,0.0001639881,0.000078046745,0.000021817044,0.0001567436,0.00046841838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908984,0.00007703592,0.00066248415,0.000004728356,0.000078864505,0.000007523315,0.00003705099,0.00003491262,0.0000075506864],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912465,0.000009704266,0.00032631907,0.00011610933,0.00020699811,0.00021620111],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962854,0.000053890315,0.000016207618,0.00020450303,0.00006906152,0.000027775583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000103372826,0.00011976801,0.00028006063,0.000084000225,0.000015782307,0.000004375922,0.00011056458,0.000040985597,0.0000054910356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010821927,0.00010901266,0.00006351106,0.00023118948,0.000028334085,0.00009561379,0.0000699741,0.000067373745,0.000026235928],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047166127,0.000017226508,0.00035756206,0.00009001427,0.000034910627,0.000004385033,0.0037399628,0.96828896,0.024974504,0.000044539916,0.000027855544,0.0024153746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023801181,0.000010201162,0.00013258703,0.000028227425,0.000012800013,4.9422493e-7,0.00009443738,0.933141,0.063232735,0.002989524,0.0000132258565,0.00010676509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023063827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011845564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038258232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023253604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056748654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44454074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385065525","doi":"10.1007/s11665-023-08481-5","title":"An Analysis Framework of Additively Manufactured Deterministic Porous Structures for Transpiration Cooling","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Porosity; Ceramic; Porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Gyroid; Mechanical engineering; Transpiration; Complex geometry; Fluid dynamics; Composite material; Mechanics; Geometry; Engineering","score_opus":0.013946769484865316,"score_gpt":0.25329737222636967,"score_spread":0.23935060274150435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385065525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9643531,0.000095753145,0.0349771,0.0000039267693,0.00036391997,0.00006379639,0.00008282098,0.000057817124,0.0000017639148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957161,0.0001645685,0.0038768428,0.000003949553,0.00019723414,0.000004101078,0.000015428921,0.000019754054,0.000002046231],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926823,0.000008122516,0.00041578032,0.00006379064,0.00011618883,0.00012789482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955475,0.00012733084,0.000120515586,0.000074317795,0.000083260275,0.000039802893],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002402232,0.000115714836,0.0003424516,0.00027237774,0.000039402665,0.000033289125,0.00006826044,0.00006535881,0.000011021601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040510047,0.00010125451,0.00004876889,0.00017199546,0.000012941861,0.00018927222,0.000004573143,0.000059473223,3.8054011e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005936607,0.000002811407,0.00029662036,0.00038220498,0.00022625257,0.0000016338058,0.00060269353,0.9643331,0.033213504,0.0000316383,0.000006993862,0.00084316893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049845263,0.0002873598,0.25053078,0.0001730062,0.0005599942,0.000015171764,0.00010506862,0.5783471,0.16895956,0.0000970247,0.00016560963,0.00026091054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":7.523195e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1289977e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38598606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013343154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061305127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4129039},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385249521","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2023.105677","title":"DEM-LBM coupling for partially saturated granular assemblies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Geotechnics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Saturation (graph theory); Capillary action; Mechanics; Coupling (piping); Porous medium; Discrete element method; Granular material; Materials science; Porosity; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02390341132279144,"score_gpt":0.25333889063587756,"score_spread":0.2294354793130861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385249521","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45515886,0.001286534,0.5391612,0.00037719327,0.00082367763,0.00044567962,0.000019482723,0.0026550812,0.00007225851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99620944,0.00036460257,0.0031184035,0.000067324094,0.00009779563,0.000027576822,0.000031628908,0.000033017932,0.00005019218],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937755,0.0000030381827,0.00016484292,0.00014790021,0.000085111235,0.00022158709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995847,0.00016613353,0.00002080817,0.00012881527,0.000057796093,0.000041784315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014272076,0.00012489088,0.00016742416,0.000090226175,0.00013523526,0.00006216293,0.000079363126,0.000077171884,8.279143e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002145102,0.00012258156,0.00004165053,0.00025829216,0.000025683916,0.00007970972,0.00006545561,0.0000805516,0.000010648962],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000049213204,0.000003572147,0.00014502165,0.000103478465,0.000044616914,0.000004130556,0.00013994487,0.9828194,0.0007695776,0.00079385965,0.00882914,0.006342347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026842926,0.00002004587,0.0020932488,0.000028053139,0.000019433493,0.0000013948957,0.000035818106,0.96475714,0.0003366823,0.0007773447,0.03150393,0.00015850013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001315246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003280092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5410506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014311608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005434718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49987313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385605691","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2023.112406","title":"Efficient reduction of vertex clustering using front tracking with surface normal propagation restriction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Front (military); Vertex (graph theory); Tracking (education); Advection; Wavefront; Cluster analysis; Geometry; Kinematics; Computer science; Mathematics; Algorithm; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Classical mechanics; Optics; Combinatorics; Graph; Meteorology","score_opus":0.02875731057484202,"score_gpt":0.26296536960565653,"score_spread":0.2342080590308145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385605691","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.668147,0.000025901581,0.3314176,0.000013802351,0.00026304764,0.000056127046,0.0000019821684,0.00003525867,0.00003926172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909206,0.000006424535,0.008862756,0.000001769788,0.00018000907,3.787862e-7,0.00000552144,0.000019035955,0.0000034961654],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989908,0.000023105376,0.00038140523,0.000062446874,0.00044168244,0.0001005884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908745,0.000085736065,0.0002691063,0.000045752713,0.0004851055,0.000026841804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017485293,0.00009013185,0.00016765915,0.00010539686,0.00007327377,0.00002078911,0.000045318146,0.000024714356,0.000001412034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013109106,0.00008227052,0.000050799186,0.0003742641,0.000024809728,0.00023167877,0.0000136086865,0.000115572075,0.0000032885685],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039144554,0.00002143661,0.0005014928,0.00006235371,0.0000756626,0.0000022588677,0.00057085126,0.99342114,0.0041650725,0.000055662855,0.00003304824,0.0010519007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042094567,0.000055088894,0.01904721,0.0001196966,0.000041730007,0.000023018007,0.000168933,0.97813576,0.0012836773,0.00061851315,0.000004616255,0.000080819766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003149092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1597826e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32277358,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000121479454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005013656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33548945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385879853","doi":"10.1063/5.0144253","title":"Oscillations of the total kinematic momentum vector for viscous fluid dynamics in pipes of arbitrary section","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"RES’EAU-WaterNET","keywords":"Physics; Classical mechanics; Kinematics; Momentum (technical analysis); Mechanics; Boundary value problem; Navier–Stokes equations; Viscous liquid; Slip (aerodynamics); Fluid dynamics; Exact solutions in general relativity; No-slip condition; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Boundary layer thickness; Compressibility; Boundary layer; Mathematics","score_opus":0.015651507224152806,"score_gpt":0.24809719602763136,"score_spread":0.23244568880347855,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385879853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99128515,0.000054201275,0.00701297,0.000056016277,0.00033793956,0.00031509195,0.00009759758,0.000058903915,0.0007821102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995515,0.000012049575,0.00027019493,0.0000016982756,0.0000599708,0.000025094392,0.000014540158,0.00001941188,0.000045553155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933225,0.000011239758,0.00031686816,0.00007385728,0.00015928205,0.000106513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994822,0.00018618433,0.000058338992,0.0001787309,0.00008408762,0.000010424413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008473124,0.0000869634,0.0002147755,0.00007442391,0.000025916748,0.0000032025284,0.00007797441,0.000029751936,0.0000019557604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043846627,0.00007580124,0.00009462128,0.00051552,0.00004527445,0.00009792326,0.00003697294,0.000048588987,0.0000011104984],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010526323,0.000060208695,0.0022317509,0.00096328824,0.00011669438,8.768766e-8,0.0016193964,0.8689275,0.11549304,0.009981159,0.0002100747,0.0003862759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031893302,0.000030836694,0.027480489,0.000085205684,0.00003451462,1.5984537e-7,0.00027110614,0.951686,0.0152303185,0.004773037,0.000008752876,0.00008063716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014724719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010473394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10026272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005759019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000147772425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30910847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386049946","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25066","title":"Free‐energy lattice Boltzmann simulations of slicing of rising droplets","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Slicing; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Wetting; Contact angle; Drop (telecommunication); Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.0140777712650213,"score_gpt":0.21663839265727336,"score_spread":0.20256062139225206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386049946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960922,0.000562364,0.0024007172,0.0002236192,0.00030799457,0.00004371005,0.000032701857,0.00005624995,0.0002804419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99931127,0.0000072433077,0.00046106562,0.000014328371,0.00014805235,6.9879025e-7,0.0000025253985,0.000039992763,0.000014824074],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988391,0.000011585795,0.0005649312,0.000063675725,0.00024051475,0.0002801849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881953,0.0004392609,0.00012814811,0.00023110479,0.0001991271,0.00018282278],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024252653,0.00013696303,0.0003160782,0.00034144465,0.000051283572,0.000017580569,0.00031788237,0.00007232785,0.00001609095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044872842,0.000119947465,0.000111174144,0.0006162763,0.000062611136,0.00012725325,0.00003097596,0.00022760601,0.0000015229483],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021019623,0.0000019714305,0.000193389,0.00006971473,0.00011979602,0.000008897818,0.0005980593,0.9433695,0.054239165,0.00079424167,0.00038378383,0.00021938492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059170445,0.000020360745,0.0012233369,0.00034786394,0.00013505401,0.00003293292,0.00010818702,0.87148285,0.12329303,0.00071955903,0.0017812136,0.00026390486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005174462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024985056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.071886644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000116364296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009085992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48913157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386082877","doi":"10.11159/htff23.002","title":"Machine Learning and Automatic Mesh Optimization: Watershed Technologies for Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Optimal Simulations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Heat transfer; Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Watershed; Mathematical optimization; Machine learning; Mechanics; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.009075751236739177,"score_gpt":0.2159648761531645,"score_spread":0.20688912491642533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386082877","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997311,0.000057560912,0.00026063152,0.00037285069,0.00029906232,0.0004657826,0.000040544353,0.0011693591,0.00002322258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99319077,0.0002191667,0.0063551143,0.0000073662286,0.000044472705,0.0000674077,0.000011345361,0.0000507545,0.000053630123],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991274,0.0000023953046,0.00028634796,0.00022601173,0.00012097484,0.00023685834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966383,0.00014340306,0.00001781777,0.000064938075,0.00006385239,0.00004613098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115389936,0.0002243223,0.0003197231,0.00014303096,0.00012521587,0.00010594846,0.00011139993,0.00009201107,0.0000074371037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013599156,0.00017994673,0.000038872833,0.00022957531,0.0000649162,0.00014370224,0.00013395274,0.0001246614,2.5246393e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033320663,0.000007165197,0.000015602924,0.0007509935,0.00007725946,2.0633662e-7,0.00004366059,0.33326983,0.6642079,0.0012333157,0.00006247534,0.00029832477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003578704,0.000018906345,0.0000026604584,0.000109130364,0.000039696377,0.0000017321647,0.000045741872,0.6086243,0.3902775,0.000056218607,0.00034028903,0.00012599968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.711826e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.6734628e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27535444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018330957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023311586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7338015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386476646","doi":"10.1002/fld.5113","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386476646","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387098971","doi":"10.1504/ijcsm.2023.133633","title":"Particle resolved direct numerical simulation of heat transfer in gas-solid flows","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Computing Science and Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Cartesian coordinate system; Heat transfer; Mechanics; Grid; Boundary value problem; Reliability (semiconductor); Particle (ecology); Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary (topology); Regular grid; Computer science; Physics; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.03045599408290601,"score_gpt":0.32201506343765485,"score_spread":0.29155906935474885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387098971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94676566,0.000040872477,0.052529566,0.0001039058,0.00024725616,0.00003969768,0.0000012079602,0.000026760468,0.00024508976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99835426,0.000027829816,0.0015452733,0.0000133531785,0.000050326034,2.2866118e-7,1.956141e-7,0.0000058967803,0.0000026641399],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880165,0.000009980089,0.00045084296,0.00005970524,0.0005606338,0.000117162504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914235,0.00035840066,0.000033882556,0.000050334194,0.0003787076,0.0000363226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008751687,0.00005885189,0.00016502512,0.00021857607,0.000032211712,0.000036241196,0.00017395434,0.000016218797,0.0000029558155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030251915,0.00004993627,0.00003050065,0.00043147628,0.00006572842,0.00021247807,0.0000360807,0.00006731065,0.00000261253],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000486324,0.000022751825,0.0009064086,0.000017952472,0.000018610572,0.000006269627,0.003444596,0.98670727,0.0068238513,0.00021480113,0.000009513007,0.001823093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002684687,0.00002063576,0.0036995704,0.000120587036,0.0000060350712,0.0000083282375,0.00024845745,0.9913607,0.0036964093,0.00047909273,0.00004394052,0.00004772362],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001470229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001446685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051588587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046234374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028100143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20363419},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387258786","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2023.664","title":"Hydrodynamic permeability of circular-inclusion-doped Brinkman media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Relative permeability; Computation; Mechanics; Materials science; Mathematics; Chemistry; Porosity; Composite material","score_opus":0.017151823292955528,"score_gpt":0.24550331684563903,"score_spread":0.2283514935526835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387258786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98965234,0.00056704803,0.008094915,0.00015745667,0.0010762747,0.00009582219,0.00001195126,0.00012235448,0.00022184137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989819,0.00043103824,0.00035701905,0.000021252177,0.00014571485,9.520241e-7,0.0000033445776,0.000037230035,0.000021584023],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983224,0.000041871317,0.0007207323,0.00010291823,0.00059982325,0.00021225431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893755,0.00022007043,0.00017249331,0.00025673828,0.0003143393,0.00009882324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091591955,0.0001463565,0.00041077434,0.00025405025,0.00009577338,0.000012450268,0.0002746767,0.00008911829,0.000049747116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003942361,0.00013300833,0.00020040438,0.00045842305,0.000018897617,0.00020060455,0.00027887578,0.00022480635,0.000029915405],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063336076,0.00011446437,0.00053813617,0.000609929,0.00061936554,0.0001504631,0.007780879,0.57382715,0.4052518,0.0026595746,0.002380702,0.006004208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087144005,0.000080603044,0.0036013862,0.00010634666,0.00012702675,0.000055565797,0.0005133983,0.97107065,0.010965426,0.011091038,0.0012871561,0.00022999092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002027212,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005146159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39724347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001384348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039914565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54239225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387541909","doi":"10.1002/fld.5114","title":"Issue Information","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; Information retrieval; Library science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.0512107381290717,"score_gpt":0.4386893352281175,"score_spread":0.38747859709904575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387541909","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000020843294,0.000911227,0.8828401,0.00060676545,0.077779636,0.00030033826,0.0002246215,0.00016182334,0.037154656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005998917,0.006192013,0.86280835,0.00136402,0.012536111,0.00044617205,0.00089929387,0.00042331973,0.11473086],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975856,0.00013624954,0.0011568859,0.00017086042,0.000585045,0.0003653785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977774,0.0011972607,0.00018555202,0.00015978074,0.0005701361,0.00010987005],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010118036,0.0003419204,0.00054979976,0.0008733188,0.00008201135,0.00028156003,0.0006696337,0.00032944008,0.001156566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010570601,0.0003281229,0.00028249528,0.00035555536,0.000037017908,0.00061219727,0.00012487751,0.00083194766,0.006809521],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040206876,0.000013434505,0.000008011711,0.00007757908,0.00039607205,0.0000062604595,0.0003440497,0.095068626,0.000076985205,0.00011767857,0.7584173,0.14543378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059922424,0.000034377736,0.000097125354,0.00015541978,0.000025776035,0.000027636208,0.000095897936,0.06970822,0.00019444089,0.0012898635,0.92744654,0.00032547137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000990742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3991174e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16902922,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005921538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061578736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999171},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387870411","doi":"10.23919/usnc-ursi54200.2023.10289572","title":"Comparative analysis of mode excitation with the Yee-lattice finite-difference method and the electrodynamic lattice-Boltzmann method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Spurious relationship; Excitation; Physics; Lattice (music); HPP model; Finite difference method; Maxwell's equations; Particle in a one-dimensional lattice; Offset (computer science); Quantum electrodynamics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Lattice field theory; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics; Computer science; Acoustics","score_opus":0.03303191139762242,"score_gpt":0.33751930890915205,"score_spread":0.30448739751152964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387870411","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20922525,0.00021536133,0.78553116,0.00075124996,0.000029399722,0.00037356588,0.000017594886,0.00025382618,0.0036025702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9752086,0.000068921676,0.023812346,0.00009945868,0.000016849715,0.00006929028,0.000020807342,0.000019590476,0.0006841817],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843043,0.00040001702,0.00032967504,0.0002533347,0.00032969634,0.0002568468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9916238,0.007671384,0.0001141802,0.00036356875,0.00019167032,0.000035398603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008360008,0.00022728142,0.0006132927,0.00029998628,0.00018390197,0.000054893037,0.00019899724,0.000051538165,0.000019640369],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010197253,0.00011593693,0.00010202399,0.0024359506,0.00017129928,0.00012918882,0.00006549162,0.00020018032,0.000012033501],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007783122,0.00000877056,0.00033421422,0.000034764154,0.003006597,6.580789e-7,0.01109297,0.96050256,0.0008183982,0.023411512,0.00009883263,0.00061286066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061466946,0.00002483804,0.050658423,0.000007466974,0.0017332538,7.673835e-7,0.0023523157,0.9418376,0.00026370474,0.00228466,0.000069483955,0.00015280813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000116026255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006664093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7659833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030208597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014232146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47277707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388097803","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106094","title":"High-order moving immersed boundary and its application to a resolved CFD-DEM model","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"CFD-DEM; Immersed boundary method; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Discrete element method; Classical mechanics; Particle (ecology); Petrov–Galerkin method; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Boundary (topology); Mathematics; Finite element method; Mathematical analysis; Geology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.017492634026221667,"score_gpt":0.24780687357986672,"score_spread":0.23031423955364505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388097803","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3845911,0.00039514675,0.6126599,0.00041473343,0.0003183877,0.00033215946,0.000008959525,0.0010002797,0.000279354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98834246,0.000054892178,0.010846227,0.00032273287,0.00012656252,0.000058920166,0.000023422337,0.00005242076,0.00017238234],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905163,0.000013244702,0.00022127444,0.00027409472,0.00016592407,0.00027385307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948364,0.00009082194,0.000015498214,0.00023034734,0.00008028337,0.00009940964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013034068,0.00017178916,0.00020032408,0.00016732457,0.0001501655,0.00006294152,0.00013225777,0.00006114613,0.000002562346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017831653,0.00018956428,0.000029731285,0.0005136853,0.000020127827,0.00015457663,0.00018163791,0.00009269944,0.00017410882],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006862507,0.0000059973468,0.00008298839,0.000058375103,0.000058441645,0.0000026926944,0.0013625508,0.9578616,0.020163398,0.0009236911,0.007854614,0.011618777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003330098,0.000013466015,0.0033866917,0.000022915288,0.000014553732,7.479997e-7,0.000054884043,0.9911985,0.0004629347,0.00023355476,0.0040687686,0.00020997798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060383763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000301621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60375136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000623557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014095771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77302074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388322873","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780199212903.003.0011","title":"EPDiff","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Rigid body; Classical mechanics; Lagrangian; Euler's formula; Compressibility; Physics; Hamiltonian (control theory); Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0214673003670851,"score_gpt":0.22436431907195425,"score_spread":0.20289701870486915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388322873","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0000039519355,0.0009740185,0.00040360852,0.000040581217,0.0001858919,0.000083445004,0.000005143466,0.00077955576,0.9975238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0029424704,0.00024408638,0.00047035233,0.00012841032,0.00021073529,0.0000012274701,0.000009645294,0.00006030116,0.99593276],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994669,7.19848e-7,0.00016896006,0.00011636533,0.00013282156,0.00011426011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996835,0.000029019217,0.000017253045,0.00020437592,0.00003072197,0.000035128603],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000020828325,0.0002104706,0.00022190572,0.00006973827,0.000022022701,0.000014981817,0.00007037992,0.00016095617,0.0013634256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025100558,0.00019455721,0.00007495293,0.0000077651375,0.00001543513,0.000037893602,0.000018579212,0.00015337818,0.0019864223],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028748564,0.0000050481567,0.000006309595,0.00011072781,0.00043717734,0.00003806035,0.00014348334,0.013984448,0.000020745467,0.65944624,0.20728157,0.11852329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000785923,0.0000066821904,0.000054444146,0.000026987891,0.000030621344,0.0000016251101,0.0000015299332,0.0009800894,0.000010734007,0.015667181,0.9828766,0.0002649133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.1933887e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004229556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.775595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004429406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000038423477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99954945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388410332","doi":"10.2991/978-94-6463-258-3_7","title":"Zoning of Soil Media by Raster Scan Algorithms for Two-Dimensional Steady State Flow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Atlantis highlights in engineering/Atlantis Highlights in Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Rocscience (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Raster graphics; Zoning; Computer science; State (computer science); Algorithm; Flow (mathematics); Computer graphics (images); Mathematics; Engineering; Geometry; Civil engineering","score_opus":0.01460835170462403,"score_gpt":0.22352427881079756,"score_spread":0.20891592710617354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388410332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26339188,0.0832936,0.25045314,0.0033733728,0.20219603,0.039726924,0.028513521,0.04779248,0.08125902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6957332,0.025296018,0.05466743,0.00013961393,0.007744545,0.0025123965,0.011108961,0.011186611,0.19161126],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99200636,0.000030019693,0.0029985888,0.0015892694,0.0013876627,0.001988125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958495,0.0018911241,0.00043830113,0.001138049,0.00028624572,0.00039676114],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007262877,0.0022617036,0.0030529397,0.002855144,0.0001147017,0.00013428234,0.0010150349,0.0010555995,0.00006117431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014417365,0.002344622,0.00055600575,0.0007577633,0.00013437613,0.0005763305,0.00037347586,0.0013034409,0.00011879485],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043694785,0.000049543793,0.000057216672,0.0018305795,0.0007192191,0.00030126434,0.0007291626,0.9735609,0.0026587783,0.013976057,0.0056767524,0.00039680998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043343655,0.00014362902,0.0005285412,0.0053811558,0.0002568426,0.0000612532,0.000014531906,0.8792709,0.0050860085,0.00032846877,0.10093438,0.0036599415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015428662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043689494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43234128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007348098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000096094045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99901223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388430138","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4624800","title":"Simulation Study on the Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer of Co2 in a Heavy Oil-Water Liquid System Based on an Improved Lattice Boltzmann (Lb) Method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mass transfer; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.024931286099572663,"score_gpt":0.2891237407878142,"score_spread":0.26419245468824154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388430138","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9193316,0.000326032,0.07818638,0.00043528824,0.00039208514,0.0009930497,0.000025338912,0.00023636407,0.000073829615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992062,0.00014778358,0.000111098925,0.000038952905,0.0001716544,0.00009963985,0.00001608106,0.00014872121,0.000059904818],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9958026,0.00071189884,0.00096922496,0.0005097839,0.00060135545,0.0014051673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99791026,0.0011277903,0.000094289455,0.0005830948,0.00019665943,0.000087885055],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005351245,0.0005452759,0.00083605986,0.00046903235,0.00018671736,0.000107698164,0.00034856584,0.00027428326,0.0000052286796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009207018,0.0003753108,0.00017094861,0.00022642438,0.000037594888,0.00012967264,0.00007221375,0.0032380428,0.000007939856],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00076916214,0.00014322206,0.00020862711,0.00025867566,0.0004953355,0.000007643105,0.0017652025,0.9942148,0.0015190805,0.0004623089,7.176373e-7,0.00015522497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020240906,0.0013303824,0.00064119877,0.00033405802,0.00024480178,0.000004895089,0.0044048247,0.98916703,0.00056410534,0.0008904065,0.000011657295,0.000382541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001422743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000621909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07987453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012762682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030706023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998699},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388830096","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2023.822","title":"Coupled lattice Boltzmann method–discrete element method model for gas–liquid–solid interaction problems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discrete element method; Mechanics; Porous medium; Scaling; Dissipation; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Coupling (piping); Multiphase flow; Porosity; Cylinder; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Geology","score_opus":0.052653054784994685,"score_gpt":0.3537724179856601,"score_spread":0.30111936320066546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388830096","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0076829605,0.0003279309,0.98934937,0.0004999412,0.0012652216,0.0004981475,0.000025408033,0.00023549827,0.00011552781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3533239,0.0018789414,0.642226,0.00041327527,0.0009938327,0.00015333407,0.00003394695,0.00029752444,0.0006792435],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99760383,0.00008769127,0.0011149002,0.00021296128,0.00052677246,0.0004538311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99800074,0.00056873425,0.0003718567,0.00025511198,0.000652663,0.00015089267],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002759173,0.0002925748,0.0006030328,0.0003946581,0.00013668102,0.00006668688,0.00025727556,0.00013187609,0.000022566168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030379038,0.00026590057,0.00031077868,0.00040769187,0.000006319543,0.0005152176,0.00008900647,0.00034936066,0.000026937623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014613845,0.000021334119,5.946184e-7,0.0002043261,0.0004102597,0.0000058816645,0.0010950634,0.9029701,0.08873375,0.0021610844,0.0030471974,0.0012043094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011087008,0.0002883874,0.0000018143988,0.00012573306,0.00029997772,0.000036564285,0.0004912267,0.9704054,0.015393353,0.006241107,0.0053470707,0.00026069352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000020207372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068509903,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34712335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002565812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059786355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388906649","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03742","title":"Open Balance Point and Dry Pressure Drop of a Rectangular Float Valve Tray: Experiment and CFD Simulation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mechanics; Pressure drop; Tray; Body orifice; Float (project management); Drop (telecommunication); Materials science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Marine engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.10949787720473776,"score_gpt":0.3687045296148151,"score_spread":0.25920665241007734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388906649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963636,0.0015143327,0.00010278861,0.000101583544,0.00013532807,0.00059341936,0.00003701342,0.00029705383,0.0008549032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99900746,0.00010146426,0.00007064632,0.0000011728623,0.00025019736,0.00006640103,0.000013437825,0.00004818166,0.00044102778],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855393,0.000031359476,0.00030454583,0.0002990579,0.0004269312,0.00038416777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895865,0.00048893027,0.000029316694,0.00028061992,0.00011550675,0.0001270081],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00078965747,0.00018452886,0.0003071383,0.00010547485,0.00008287507,0.00011039088,0.00023744433,0.00021000383,0.00003367079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048202064,0.00019796987,0.000038459646,0.0005341666,0.00007289149,0.00019304533,0.00038997908,0.00045662536,0.000004147548],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000349297,0.000013299138,0.000559999,0.00032182527,0.00018335239,0.000008064747,0.0008109322,0.47068143,0.52582294,0.000017667415,0.0005789998,0.0009665718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013491473,0.000034469533,0.00096865837,0.00023511794,0.000027211592,0.0000021849694,0.0003714286,0.6990161,0.2907741,0.000038730228,0.0069164014,0.00026644178],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023929137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2169547e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23504883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069742564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032512722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8072977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389116611","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.16080","title":"XLB: A differentiable massively parallel lattice Boltzmann library in Python","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Autodesk (Canada)","funders":"Nvidia","keywords":"Python (programming language); Computer science; Scalability; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Differentiable function; Computational science; Massively parallel; Parallel computing; Lattice (music); Extensibility; Distributed computing; Programming language; Operating system; Physics; Mathematics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.08186107162551268,"score_gpt":0.19046859341048375,"score_spread":0.10860752178497107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389116611","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9579624,0.00045012523,0.02074322,0.00018868377,0.0011910277,0.0007842162,0.00013534131,0.003435098,0.01510991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98223704,0.00096862024,0.0005556627,0.000041710107,0.00012354026,0.000006621196,0.0001034594,0.00017264755,0.01579071],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980104,0.00009422191,0.000366555,0.0008380476,0.00012054224,0.00057022774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99866444,0.0002573747,0.00012492793,0.0007537302,0.0000507589,0.0001487596],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011302041,0.0005127452,0.00060808205,0.0005791447,0.000097843316,0.000107136286,0.0006478081,0.00042540338,0.00013486839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034416313,0.0006254963,0.00021265911,0.00077487004,0.0000839497,0.0005142444,0.0013129461,0.00089465705,0.00063156174],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003783972,0.000046885623,0.03050834,0.00039471342,0.00024454115,0.00044893732,0.0003102113,0.9556096,0.000011913897,0.00833895,0.0040119686,0.000036093134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013834427,0.000022645818,0.10101563,0.00041353042,0.00021855703,0.000001507494,0.00044377477,0.85480535,0.000044817472,0.036297176,0.004197758,0.0011558108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000073918454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009132426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10080426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020645701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006080915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99961966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389410655","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2023.119609","title":"Free-energy-based lattice Boltzmann model for emulsions with soluble surfactant","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Surface tension; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermodynamics; Adsorption; Marangoni effect; Langmuir; Nonlinear system; Chemistry; Planar; Solubility; Mechanics; Materials science; Physics; Physical chemistry; Computer science","score_opus":0.021691407855368754,"score_gpt":0.2404876202054348,"score_spread":0.21879621235006605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389410655","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29878217,0.000090098896,0.696762,0.0002745447,0.00039107382,0.00024952478,0.000059155464,0.0028688193,0.00052259484],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9726046,0.000003867624,0.02696535,0.00004362863,0.000047548117,0.00008342964,0.000011740299,0.000058360638,0.0001814901],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839836,0.0000015283478,0.000205177,0.0003444192,0.00041654258,0.000633968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989703,0.00024901322,0.000021388329,0.00043175573,0.00014290611,0.00018461855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021183744,0.00021933649,0.00020772566,0.0001942364,0.00015253173,0.000070994356,0.00048142023,0.00006204773,0.0000031299494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002641597,0.00019619107,0.000055296463,0.0012250105,0.00014956122,0.0002846169,0.00010413347,0.00012287081,0.000011226204],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000045858114,0.000007174621,0.000019003008,0.000059156453,0.0000104336295,0.0000014970309,0.00008329218,0.8930488,0.104661435,0.0012463502,0.0007943711,0.000063884545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041047536,0.00001078491,0.000078347024,0.000041416402,0.000015373389,9.965358e-7,0.000012259972,0.9373533,0.061039973,0.0001995393,0.00056275685,0.00027479147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002113409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011483268,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6738224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117945274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006755748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80004394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389488803","doi":"10.1063/5.0176166","title":"Investigation on spontaneous liquid–liquid imbibition in capillaries with varying axial geometries using lattice Boltzmann method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Physics; Capillary action; Mechanics; Contact angle; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Wetting; Viscosity; Geometry; Capillary number; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.048571232860277626,"score_gpt":0.2807119077420915,"score_spread":0.23214067488181386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389488803","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98258525,0.00012131219,0.015501011,0.000057181565,0.0001686738,0.00022758175,0.000021834649,0.00035811152,0.0009590167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952783,0.000049787795,0.0043077148,0.000046057772,0.00017763428,0.00001567763,0.00004179145,0.00006576447,0.000017288176],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985892,0.00005627439,0.00037775026,0.00024889063,0.00041090633,0.00031698056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898547,0.00048757734,0.00007418662,0.0002476956,0.00015227239,0.000052783642],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003285688,0.00024573226,0.00037302155,0.00038818104,0.00011014696,0.00003576647,0.000107836415,0.00008341929,0.000004975764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000110925925,0.00024807837,0.000055607343,0.0015442589,0.000102175276,0.0004103675,0.000058155038,0.00018750942,0.000021727767],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044362133,0.000027300235,0.00042522856,0.00032076857,0.00014152074,0.000069891874,0.0047615175,0.79277253,0.19575623,0.004606995,0.00005189556,0.0006225289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019962608,0.0010577393,0.0023242887,0.00069567136,0.00021130628,0.00004168574,0.0008541915,0.34802684,0.63872814,0.0046918257,0.0002853336,0.0010867249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007133102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010864796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44474566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013537594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003682047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389540963","doi":"10.17118/11143/20970","title":"Flow behavior of active fluids in a bifurcating microchannel","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Computer science; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.025221637090598832,"score_gpt":0.2686994977262619,"score_spread":0.24347786063566307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389540963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950165,0.00003991602,0.0006873403,0.000022557444,0.0001018233,0.00012301511,0.000008850131,0.00031507175,0.0036849154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99838495,0.00001312729,0.0012133846,0.000007694873,0.000019444351,0.000034443467,0.0000049778478,0.000017637865,0.00030432935],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951804,0.000006056857,0.0001732144,0.000081192666,0.00008043251,0.00014105404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977297,0.00007620461,0.000011464588,0.00009034196,0.000032479078,0.000016557398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006618883,0.000072411385,0.00012601743,0.00016570647,0.000015922891,0.000004321719,0.00005188402,0.00003359332,0.000036052763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025828278,0.00007077907,0.000027050792,0.0004547067,0.0000134616885,0.0000760258,0.000039047423,0.00005549492,0.00008383205],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015471844,0.00007752498,0.025288891,0.00023626613,0.00011744961,0.00002399573,0.01776512,0.57776076,0.3240665,0.00032332007,0.002321829,0.052002866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070901256,0.000019364303,0.21937858,0.00005629831,0.000023469222,0.0000012675949,0.004037164,0.6765109,0.09860332,0.000114416354,0.0002843676,0.00026189617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002309269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004010558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22546318,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002967148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046540817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28862864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389558472","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2654/1/012079","title":"How to design the drying of porous materials?","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Porosity; Materials science; Convection; Capillary action; Moisture; Mass transfer; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Process engineering; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.05914394327584778,"score_gpt":0.2595098749581385,"score_spread":0.20036593168229072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389558472","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87135005,0.00009462431,0.12482577,0.0020466591,0.0009627511,0.00020659127,0.000016538233,0.000109192544,0.00038780086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99848926,0.000072211944,0.0010380204,0.000016299182,0.00020608728,0.0000030256365,5.545628e-7,0.00001596748,0.00015859242],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993205,0.000033218847,0.00024727595,0.000046865727,0.00021907211,0.00013306942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927825,0.00012798216,0.00013618433,0.000119856,0.0003069585,0.000030775558],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023932975,0.00009878228,0.00024153276,0.000051775554,0.000055252294,0.00010286705,0.00017626844,0.000021779462,0.00000852519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007697087,0.000067571316,0.000040436258,0.00024411365,0.00004610747,0.0003990897,0.000045160534,0.00008007014,0.000010783436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010200207,0.000019633142,0.00021007369,0.00020106668,0.0004110751,0.000023101133,0.014559812,0.17769724,0.7478313,0.01966032,0.0040066703,0.03527772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020601742,0.00012854271,0.0027663491,0.00011266035,0.000048025377,0.000009619102,0.003968375,0.00051530526,0.98028827,0.01063678,0.0011643386,0.00015570919],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000012841726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010866634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.232457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015974565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032007523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27554783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389615842","doi":"10.1504/pcfd.2023.10061034","title":"Fin effectivity investigation at solid-liquid phase changein axisymmetric heat exchangers using lattice Boltzmann method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics An International Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Rotational symmetry; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Fin; Heat exchanger; Phase change; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0459743439157924,"score_gpt":0.3828633208118133,"score_spread":0.3368889768960209,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389615842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8635886,0.00036170988,0.13284463,0.00058033154,0.001847681,0.0002991589,0.000116127194,0.00030073305,0.000061085586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97649187,0.00010803145,0.021995466,0.0001226505,0.00063135003,0.00005207006,0.00049153215,0.00008481732,0.000022212236],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99695724,0.00027445832,0.0007433625,0.00039899873,0.0011464359,0.00047947644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981423,0.00068049465,0.00015925635,0.0001647682,0.00063818006,0.00021500458],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014283527,0.00034545752,0.00036670774,0.0016809724,0.00030116804,0.00028344002,0.00045258764,0.00014261129,0.000037386973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017757679,0.00038240405,0.00013427048,0.0012283106,0.0001097594,0.0009911107,0.00023217399,0.0004278729,0.000045608944],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014725613,0.00011792031,0.014300304,0.00004550337,0.0002569075,0.00014270547,0.00090726966,0.9702207,0.00030847915,0.0012176794,0.00008781426,0.012247447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018810414,0.00013488076,0.020123057,0.000107260494,0.00003306369,0.0001889091,0.000083287494,0.9740443,0.00018294997,0.0027745445,0.00008515414,0.00036150427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019121882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000069592825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11290333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017402065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008542165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389866385","doi":"10.1063/5.0177407","title":"Dynamics of surfactant-laden drops in shear flow by lattice Boltzmann method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Marangoni effect; Pulmonary surfactant; Surface tension; Drop (telecommunication); Breakup; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary number; Spinning drop method; Mechanics; Marangoni number; Physics; Shear rate; Capillary action; Shear flow; Viscosity; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.018754324971922063,"score_gpt":0.2808397872579978,"score_spread":0.2620854622860757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389866385","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91827214,0.00055345363,0.07479688,0.00030454656,0.00036891177,0.00034247315,0.00038998268,0.0004865487,0.0044850726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902996,0.00013674649,0.009240237,0.00001049317,0.00004598205,0.000008729985,0.00006520536,0.000059108042,0.00013393968],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880505,0.000041675674,0.00041645073,0.00017285398,0.00029840253,0.0002655846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991504,0.0003636894,0.000048577298,0.00029611125,0.00010146075,0.00003974476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028745018,0.00017530129,0.0004233355,0.000099626464,0.0000245886,0.0000090064605,0.00018436876,0.0000723103,0.000010924754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051465882,0.00019101493,0.00008585162,0.0007762854,0.00005158812,0.00019661282,0.00008709723,0.00014881942,0.00004146628],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029932862,0.00014224951,0.009453742,0.0008373372,0.00039238317,0.0000071040167,0.0042674,0.88909096,0.07082821,0.008452508,0.0035568248,0.012941343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042639158,0.000024321524,0.005393414,0.000048992613,0.00003711333,2.747391e-7,0.00025370892,0.97656566,0.0122065395,0.004610518,0.00022888248,0.00020417348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012830446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.087474704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006750345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000146052325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77893627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390150718","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2023.130684","title":"Simulation study on the coupled heat and mass transfer of CO2 in a heavy oil-water liquid system based on an improved lattice Boltzmann (LB) method","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mass transfer; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Diffusion; Drop (telecommunication); Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.029794238712120866,"score_gpt":0.28710779126760655,"score_spread":0.25731355255548566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390150718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923927,0.000032755772,0.005763276,0.00019163293,0.00015213642,0.0006372067,0.000025788446,0.00033547485,0.00046903038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99954194,0.0000033541542,0.0001403785,0.0000703757,0.000043375763,0.000094079594,0.000013455722,0.00005318534,0.000039878334],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854827,0.00023202329,0.00039642514,0.0002744423,0.000283483,0.0002653384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99835855,0.0011256855,0.000016408667,0.00037428955,0.00007541275,0.000049635684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009849409,0.00022290148,0.0003533724,0.00020789274,0.00007675976,0.000033089527,0.00010665496,0.000080309874,0.000008775627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056523026,0.00015052014,0.000046880774,0.00031488304,0.000023324554,0.000113810514,0.000019547935,0.0001681853,0.00002335915],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000364415,0.00009142514,0.00040948577,0.00031380868,0.000061366205,0.000006653962,0.0038985251,0.984897,0.009812893,0.00008225361,0.0000035658948,0.0000585717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015340584,0.0005076704,0.00644311,0.000079742094,0.000051188355,1.7535257e-7,0.0021409774,0.9872357,0.0017616601,0.00001607651,0.000058165468,0.00017143867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005031364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000050746552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008051233,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007271847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008354379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6138033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390214658","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.14503","title":"The influence of parasitic modes on \"weakly'' unstable multi-step Finite Difference schemes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office National d'études et de Recherches Aérospatiales; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique (INRIA); Université de Strasbourg; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; McMaster University","keywords":"Truncation error; Initialization; Mathematics; Unit circle; Applied mathematics; Stability (learning theory); Truncation (statistics); Convergence (economics); Consistency (knowledge bases); Finite difference; Spurious relationship; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Discrete mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.11225194434181604,"score_gpt":0.21987130170655655,"score_spread":0.10761935736474051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390214658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97657156,0.000119001474,0.021772206,0.00001743311,0.00019725658,0.0002748941,0.00005658452,0.00042397558,0.00056711375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99688643,0.0007663823,0.00014953848,0.000012129147,0.00002233838,0.0000033607525,0.000009013142,0.000045283858,0.0021055015],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987596,0.000058284277,0.00026686626,0.00045547556,0.00011994052,0.00033981097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978262,0.0009944213,0.00013345681,0.00079197163,0.0001817702,0.00007218277],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014255659,0.00032861085,0.00036410248,0.0001623503,0.00019802376,0.000046005305,0.00061419385,0.00018684531,0.000004718757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021293425,0.00029957946,0.00013613318,0.00037294882,0.00020987248,0.000105383,0.00038772114,0.00047993983,0.00011193905],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002044345,0.000022906032,0.008403371,0.00017783254,0.00019246679,0.00001978915,0.00013262751,0.9831569,0.00024442238,0.007536977,0.00003313277,0.000059141374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033290221,0.000020787691,0.062126018,0.0002945427,0.00009852819,1.7084825e-7,0.00026664714,0.9335681,0.00054885173,0.0022448413,0.00014271354,0.00035585836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000977025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010409559,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053722646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013220278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044616023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390295980","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2023.116713","title":"A CutFEM method for phase change problems with natural convection","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Finite element method; Discretization; Mathematics; Penalty method; Level set method; Piecewise; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Temporal discretization; Natural convection; Piecewise linear function; Stefan problem; Function (biology); Backward Euler method; Mathematical optimization; Convection; Mechanics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.04983171225894885,"score_gpt":0.3398985330937681,"score_spread":0.2900668208348193,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390295980","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014540442,0.0002658354,0.99611366,0.000022657554,0.0006715988,0.0006984637,0.000004120671,0.0007372561,0.000032391516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.059292708,0.00007839572,0.9397574,0.00003245531,0.0001984104,0.0005530166,0.00001180987,0.00006956116,0.0000062376675],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911046,0.000015518566,0.00021747709,0.00025738808,0.00008496307,0.00031420946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943393,0.00032599506,0.000025723095,0.00013482601,0.00002624507,0.00005328207],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067776744,0.00021527965,0.0003046134,0.0002703833,0.00004688359,0.00003929055,0.00007357166,0.00007486069,8.191267e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009747787,0.0002027248,0.000030876276,0.0004898563,0.0000038329504,0.00007427651,0.00006330935,0.00017414508,0.0000014424332],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026251064,0.000017072683,0.0000027509607,0.0007390402,0.00012883866,0.000003730039,0.0018606569,0.60950613,0.021431584,0.02994631,0.000060763094,0.3362769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013131034,0.00004863949,0.000032837743,0.000053600867,0.000020889749,0.00000549576,0.00004701423,0.9908303,0.0015134024,0.0014735732,0.0044045863,0.00025656473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015358715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017130169,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38132417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004405796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033856088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82668775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390542885","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2023.981","title":"A new lattice Boltzmann model for liquid–solid phase transition and its application in the simulation of sessile droplet solidification – focusing on volume change","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Volume of fluid method; Wetting; Mechanics; Phase transition; Convection; Finite volume method; Phase change; Contact angle; Icing; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.05415285084554958,"score_gpt":0.33410430779366096,"score_spread":0.2799514569481114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390542885","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1512771,0.0017079338,0.84561074,0.00061806594,0.0001824587,0.00052819715,0.000024754945,0.000035170066,0.000015583902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99816275,0.00023115218,0.0011366352,0.000075393305,0.00030897738,0.000028981807,0.000009465223,0.00003104264,0.000015629128],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989316,0.000032312833,0.0005193382,0.0001220563,0.0002606852,0.00013403346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932486,0.00020128321,0.00013061817,0.000115086375,0.00018682444,0.000041321397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060323626,0.00013336775,0.00022612639,0.00023513379,0.000045182158,0.000040568073,0.0000923007,0.00008771162,0.0000015894467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051763524,0.00011115998,0.00007791383,0.00024307168,0.000004852427,0.00050340395,0.000007637132,0.00015286698,0.0000017936767],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017119528,0.000055951128,2.3178694e-7,0.00027972783,0.000042940337,0.0000016158232,0.008545063,0.92174,0.05537986,0.0032697155,0.00012446195,0.010389219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008035105,0.00026234615,0.0000054579164,0.00019230919,0.00012721958,0.000009822827,0.00022465408,0.992045,0.004008942,0.0017414546,0.00047763035,0.000101646874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019064436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042232896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8468856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010347046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044420092,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45329723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390814024","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2024.106178","title":"An accurate and scalable direction-splitting solver for flows laden with non-spherical rigid bodies—Part 2: Moving rigid bodies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Mitacs; Compute Canada","keywords":"Stencil; Discretization; Solver; Computer science; Computation; Reynolds number; Position (finance); Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Computational science; Physics; Algorithm; Mathematical optimization; Mechanics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.014367941533262072,"score_gpt":0.252728215706231,"score_spread":0.23836027417296893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390814024","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37459356,0.0049237115,0.61145294,0.0002986476,0.0026593334,0.0007501468,0.000037016598,0.0024040253,0.0028806508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9463579,0.00018260776,0.051506415,0.00015826045,0.001036153,0.00011187232,0.000023720186,0.00013319297,0.0004898792],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984596,0.00002561746,0.0003621641,0.0004865033,0.00020286761,0.0004632899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903744,0.00043125747,0.000027757887,0.0002684716,0.000101424506,0.00013364694],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022852977,0.00034010335,0.0004134648,0.0000980876,0.0003352001,0.00047279405,0.00015017,0.000092112714,0.000014999101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019425162,0.00029656664,0.000080989375,0.00016718231,0.000086024775,0.00072202506,0.00009884781,0.0001905781,0.000025513678],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021027839,0.0001454565,0.00903213,0.0031750905,0.0025239815,0.000121617384,0.01801488,0.7522812,0.013648166,0.0012810124,0.113977924,0.085588284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046021523,0.00012342067,0.0018424665,0.0002680633,0.00008803098,0.000013829309,0.00016842746,0.93434066,0.00062857964,0.000105180734,0.061532483,0.0004286715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019047897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002683291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57176435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010742585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024179159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390947531","doi":"10.1063/5.0187580","title":"Comparison of forcing schemes to sustain homogeneous isotropic turbulence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Physics; Homogeneous isotropic turbulence; Wavenumber; Reynolds number; Isotropy; Forcing (mathematics); Dissipation; Classical mechanics; Kolmogorov microscales; Mechanics; K-epsilon turbulence model; K-omega turbulence model; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Statistical physics; Body force; Turbulence kinetic energy; Direct numerical simulation; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.02537642255227984,"score_gpt":0.3116051549828127,"score_spread":0.2862287324305329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390947531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.895854,0.004004284,0.09852255,0.000046310754,0.00022029411,0.0001337391,0.000014901921,0.00019373425,0.0010101577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99737716,0.000023235802,0.0024102381,0.0000065117906,0.00009265907,0.0000064181318,0.0000022760735,0.000024223411,0.000057258047],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993286,0.0000059998115,0.00024049434,0.00011280612,0.00016665513,0.00014543491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995919,0.00009923532,0.000015089973,0.00017441493,0.00008917969,0.000030204863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041483683,0.000106698426,0.0002438186,0.000058171787,0.000021650963,0.000014073432,0.000107210355,0.000024738214,0.000007072462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020192394,0.00010733337,0.000063734245,0.0002807382,0.000029459936,0.00010019995,0.000057613426,0.00006795275,0.00001955089],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010565663,0.00005988151,0.0055191484,0.0019916883,0.00032341847,0.000004381069,0.007960975,0.7561129,0.1645998,0.026026493,0.0024017259,0.034989033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016726863,0.00009390543,0.001171064,0.00028193783,0.00007919706,5.804898e-7,0.00054568506,0.61016864,0.37948588,0.0025790166,0.005146788,0.00028005053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007797781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011152168,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21488607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003640232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001388471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43769276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391053981","doi":"10.1016/j.partic.2024.01.005","title":"Heat transfer analysis in particle-laden flows using the immersed boundary method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Particuology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Grid; Heat transfer; Immersed boundary method; Momentum (technical analysis); Particle (ecology); Coupling (piping); Finite volume method; Boundary value problem; Computer science; Computational science; Physics; Boundary (topology); Materials science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.040879039240619544,"score_gpt":0.3303982739084756,"score_spread":0.28951923466785606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391053981","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85823464,0.0028444142,0.13702537,0.0008037202,0.00040998767,0.00013720586,0.0000051378065,0.00019742538,0.0003421185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875814,0.000034155164,0.00094587874,0.000108198576,0.00006977206,0.00003146399,0.000002673423,0.00002455028,0.000025153375],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988111,0.00016509651,0.00032789656,0.00021885539,0.00011433454,0.00036266175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992393,0.00047049095,0.0000021516023,0.00022451532,0.000020037754,0.000043489985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004242299,0.00014409794,0.00029429412,0.00015656954,0.000076723074,0.00005987816,0.000094316994,0.00007221731,0.0002092366],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025810856,0.00010626675,0.00012953873,0.0011138802,0.000070690854,0.00011821434,0.000025116544,0.0001911907,0.00007082854],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011669636,0.00001443069,0.006738838,0.00003852122,0.0010904727,0.00004402612,0.004290837,0.9650464,0.02076422,0.0007456225,0.00008690859,0.0011280259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001761955,0.000008775064,0.0055527827,0.0000073181272,0.00063076674,0.0000075950556,0.00034155563,0.9865903,0.003375166,0.00018729457,0.0029924836,0.00012975094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006267042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003818699,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14052354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007579494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019757734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43334323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391221737","doi":"10.1063/5.0185681","title":"Simulation of droplet dynamics in an inclined channel considering contact angle hysteresis using the cascade lattice Boltzmann method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Cascade; Contact angle; Hysteresis; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Dynamics (music); Channel (broadcasting); Classical mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.050294736295723376,"score_gpt":0.33388944044794255,"score_spread":0.28359470415221916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391221737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.70879257,0.00055033487,0.28989816,0.000038476417,0.00019319277,0.000211539,0.00005164397,0.00011163855,0.00015245735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955808,0.000011706361,0.0041985656,0.000017623152,0.00011227522,0.0000062645,0.000014672409,0.000052883246,0.000005244371],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881196,0.00008620287,0.00047894704,0.00018812474,0.00023705917,0.00019769337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984278,0.001060491,0.000061584244,0.00029070163,0.00012842772,0.000030967465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036859195,0.00018661932,0.00036865703,0.00011839748,0.0000500748,0.000038702092,0.00014686302,0.000069249094,0.0000034486704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006958321,0.00016471419,0.000089020745,0.00043806192,0.000046563808,0.0004523428,0.00008035402,0.00016535044,0.0000017993526],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010934605,0.000027449334,0.0006482932,0.0003688245,0.00011661227,0.0000033756235,0.0031992523,0.97173387,0.01998916,0.0027244028,0.0000038786084,0.0011739322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002452781,0.000028270588,0.0008667516,0.00016791542,0.00009360567,8.503641e-7,0.000726633,0.9883129,0.0073849238,0.001989996,0.000022552458,0.00016029492],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013895097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000104046725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28678823,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015426248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026932117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.671685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392076957","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2024.02.007","title":"Enhancement of coupled immersed boundary–finite volume lattice Boltzmann method (IB–FVLBM) using least–square aided “ghost–cell” techniques","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Mathematics; Finite volume method; Square (algebra); Square lattice; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Boundary value problem; Volume (thermodynamics); Statistical physics; Geometry; Mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.02233392305161744,"score_gpt":0.292323246129661,"score_spread":0.2699893230780435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392076957","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006058398,0.0011100903,0.988732,0.0001125287,0.00011601762,0.001375553,0.000034852634,0.0008582971,0.0016022542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.21690814,0.00008053082,0.7820179,0.000047662972,0.00010496891,0.0004374865,0.00003993636,0.00012325108,0.0002401398],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99806166,0.00003049545,0.0007500959,0.00040176348,0.00040562352,0.00035034143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981861,0.0005775397,0.00017872872,0.000693451,0.00026098953,0.00010315704],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003376952,0.00038181402,0.0005370225,0.0002832532,0.00019749998,0.0001624836,0.00032588723,0.000101603386,0.00004017209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001237713,0.00035604945,0.00012491773,0.00078010507,0.00013587132,0.00022317324,0.000120857614,0.00023565884,0.00008388092],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010444916,0.0023517292,0.0004212304,0.03541391,0.0054068128,0.00006122777,0.042321265,0.6152011,0.14464375,0.07017867,0.009921885,0.073973976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028332527,0.000056758967,0.000022549433,0.0005183062,0.0003110464,0.000012086873,0.0005061207,0.97163224,0.00944705,0.0018990416,0.0148937795,0.00041769145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009370541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027811673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35643116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017091104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008302619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392170195","doi":"10.1063/5.0195294","title":"Determining the bulk viscosity in clay–sand mixtures: A combined investigation with slump tests and lattice Boltzmann simulations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Slump; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Viscosity; Physics; Concrete slump test; Rheometer; Rheology; Geotechnical engineering; Slurry; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.020225189111896146,"score_gpt":0.2577232636537582,"score_spread":0.23749807454186206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392170195","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964846,0.00045762715,0.0020340784,0.00013876318,0.000072588795,0.00022346637,0.000016149663,0.0001302569,0.00044250855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992634,0.000018570603,0.00054209586,0.0000404236,0.00006668933,0.000012604412,0.000012954056,0.000028643717,0.000014613626],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992913,0.00002484994,0.00021130402,0.00015847551,0.00017185982,0.00014223084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916077,0.00053648895,0.000023462415,0.00017304475,0.000072714465,0.000033513883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000101722806,0.00014966053,0.00017925502,0.00006302494,0.00007933046,0.00006771761,0.00007769995,0.00003948319,0.0000018950699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039441285,0.00011253967,0.000024589284,0.0003675919,0.00011686513,0.0003251736,0.000041727475,0.00015478929,0.0000034938505],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058330297,0.00013146308,0.22771488,0.0014292891,0.00054188096,0.000012992822,0.02644321,0.6667092,0.058470536,0.010268688,0.000617855,0.0076016886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000811097,0.00008131293,0.1439648,0.00031227316,0.000116560695,0.0000011912239,0.00007176621,0.8415451,0.0065817763,0.006101187,0.00014957078,0.00026336862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014231047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000023976665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1748359,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029491212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020812877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45892346},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392599123","doi":"10.5194/egusphere-egu24-4662","title":"Generation of internal wave breathers by steady flow over an obstacle","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Breather; Obstacle; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Physics; Classical mechanics; Business; Political science; Nonlinear system; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.05106582776574275,"score_gpt":0.28346676092273365,"score_spread":0.2324009331569909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392599123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9622696,0.0015255313,0.017714998,0.000031153842,0.0018445622,0.0002692229,0.00022899194,0.00054692815,0.015568983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949296,0.00003646964,0.0021754222,0.000033641165,0.0002654004,0.000016828892,0.00011134265,0.00006486071,0.002366425],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904954,0.000018510085,0.0003321321,0.000256216,0.00021178204,0.00013178843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952227,0.000025163192,0.000033526885,0.00030784728,0.00006630931,0.000044871143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000089135814,0.00022217055,0.00025998492,0.0000841878,0.00001611088,0.00007206233,0.000102423204,0.00016154736,0.0003007581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000077867535,0.00020258057,0.00008958531,0.000049055812,0.000021733847,0.00008029827,0.00025723144,0.00029430506,0.000039333445],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005923527,0.00003108851,0.00025164746,0.0003924357,0.0006142344,0.0000053669387,0.0027499974,0.9534069,0.009593561,0.00025223463,0.024370154,0.0083264625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013807135,0.0000146093225,0.00023479384,0.00005967358,0.00006732756,0.0000012168507,0.0000948056,0.99130905,0.0065117753,0.0003319523,0.0010153151,0.00022139071],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012516529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008838123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037902176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120500554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001537756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8260996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392753070","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2024.138","title":"Pore-scale study on the effect of heterogeneity on evaporation in porous media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Porous medium; Evaporation; Materials science; Scale (ratio); Porosity; Mechanics; Environmental science; Composite material; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.020110824065987475,"score_gpt":0.2731755726757169,"score_spread":0.25306474860972944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392753070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997255,0.0005219683,0.0008225383,0.00010795742,0.0009110089,0.0002332437,0.0000042278457,0.000029417206,0.00011461299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975854,0.000045777335,0.000022259695,0.000018054454,0.00012453657,0.0000043175655,7.397441e-7,0.000021754026,0.0000040051414],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882245,0.000113841335,0.0004520116,0.00008170204,0.00042565318,0.00010433801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991036,0.0005747298,0.00007690411,0.00015372675,0.000060975977,0.000030032783],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012182841,0.0001271238,0.00026825513,0.00018047834,0.000022871098,0.00002294668,0.00011563864,0.000048020574,0.000007698593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015291736,0.00007703846,0.00008712032,0.00022843693,0.00000583786,0.00009736546,0.000018962328,0.0002624471,0.000009818118],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008660818,0.00057438255,0.0045176167,0.0005025697,0.0013292645,0.0006076871,0.014408896,0.85441476,0.09677213,0.0040370165,0.0036204862,0.018349104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038732244,0.010050044,0.015158138,0.0011545938,0.00055317354,0.000092512746,0.0023734192,0.57624066,0.38697353,0.0020544122,0.000893587,0.000582735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013287481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017523693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2902014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000105478546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013889053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3141537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392960115","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2024.150","title":"Pore-scale mushy layer modelling","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Scale (ratio); Materials science; Layer (electronics); Mechanics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02777033606893404,"score_gpt":0.24951884862314005,"score_spread":0.22174851255420602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392960115","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07338222,0.009085308,0.9129703,0.00019526629,0.0025556397,0.00005894486,0.0000051212214,0.00018734178,0.0015598676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99147797,0.0008240835,0.006959315,0.000048675745,0.00047557053,9.062384e-7,6.604116e-7,0.00004434423,0.00016850044],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907774,0.000010438341,0.00039819005,0.000074961245,0.00027892838,0.00015976683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995894,0.000068925154,0.000036840498,0.00010408078,0.00012917427,0.00007157419],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003112572,0.00011804525,0.00020361636,0.00016142766,0.000034074314,0.00006117563,0.000108691595,0.00006404283,0.00004406425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012834951,0.00009915814,0.00013753277,0.00018210128,0.0000044117915,0.00028023947,0.000023664721,0.0002513108,0.000044417447],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057183383,0.000007936604,0.0000015042709,0.0000778229,0.00013140363,0.00007156705,0.0006281378,0.9812084,0.0088861715,0.0033542633,0.0039891913,0.001637907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001319068,0.000029580457,0.0000014366315,0.00010771409,0.000068180816,0.00008162048,0.00012477164,0.9597218,0.004137177,0.0035410395,0.031949025,0.00010574817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.8768595e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.710648e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9180957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007978059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025658253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40435517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393211560","doi":"","title":"NSIBM : a parallel Navier-Stokes solver with automatic mesh refinement based on immersed boundary method","year":2015,"lang":"fr","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solver; Boundary (topology); Computer science; Computational science; Parallel computing; Computational fluid dynamics; Immersed boundary method; Computer graphics (images); Mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Programming language","score_opus":0.037037581062770615,"score_gpt":0.30291800898534166,"score_spread":0.26588042792257105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393211560","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008555764,0.0024271791,0.8103293,0.008936022,0.002706048,0.0033623693,0.00015177052,0.001954179,0.16157736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.10367531,0.00009603261,0.8720257,0.001401492,0.00039205726,0.0006819726,0.0002581838,0.00037711512,0.021092126],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9943908,0.0004340719,0.0013426226,0.0012431424,0.0015285332,0.0010608219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99587566,0.0008990798,0.00043267943,0.0017329098,0.0006141225,0.00044552446],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016454685,0.0014500623,0.0017259375,0.000381549,0.00032135964,0.0002954095,0.00054665667,0.00056374946,0.0024740868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015288322,0.0011978805,0.0003974617,0.00042999603,0.00023052985,0.00024093981,0.00048511996,0.0012203259,0.0010723299],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019028549,0.0002963801,0.00045184745,0.001366438,0.0016156608,0.00007841668,0.002403364,0.9581563,0.000048805763,0.004328413,0.019779392,0.011284687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038020832,0.00033934487,0.0032622896,0.0012611671,0.0009125107,0.000009713099,0.0009527462,0.903027,0.000121679994,0.0010312626,0.08373381,0.0015464061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005812494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027569965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14048523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014658798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007631796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998249},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393237940","doi":"10.1016/j.cpc.2024.109187","title":"XLB: A differentiable massively parallel lattice Boltzmann library in Python","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Physics Communications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Autodesk (Canada)","funders":"Autodesk","keywords":"Python (programming language); Computer science; Scalability; Differentiable function; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Computational science; Lattice (music); Programming language; CUDA; Parallel computing; Operating system; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.033745588240161155,"score_gpt":0.2620503309254313,"score_spread":0.22830474268527012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393237940","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.026981806,0.018355493,0.88338614,0.0046389415,0.0013049218,0.0010325982,0.000108172644,0.0063316324,0.057860307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8760173,0.0009169799,0.1216902,0.00016023773,0.00026341612,0.00011021409,0.00014593468,0.00010814123,0.0005875837],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990597,0.0000704478,0.00030027717,0.00020466023,0.00012403884,0.00024087887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99834275,0.0004257893,0.000023859482,0.001122604,0.000031768675,0.000053231055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005677401,0.00019825598,0.00022109791,0.00012106781,0.000121860576,0.00026074666,0.00065469835,0.00005637668,0.000019306206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034916093,0.00020839226,0.000084389416,0.0005761117,0.000076432385,0.00077869,0.0006577247,0.00038013438,0.00026673096],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008779354,0.0004711728,0.005048902,0.0007134975,0.00066446484,0.000024822533,0.008183998,0.35739082,0.0003150501,0.51013464,0.063231796,0.05381208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001784073,0.000007958077,0.0070636286,0.00014702264,0.000024780535,0.0000013201455,0.000027875414,0.92700756,0.000015618041,0.014155534,0.051148728,0.00022160185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005350681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006359339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8490355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051166284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025552916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8497989},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394571865","doi":"10.1002/nme.7479","title":"Thermodynamically consistent numerical modeling of immiscible two‐phase flow in poro‐viscoelastic media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Dissipation; Geomechanics; Porous medium; Conservation law; Conservation of mass; Second law of thermodynamics; Viscoelasticity; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Finite element method; Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Statistical physics; Porosity; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.03749782769760259,"score_gpt":0.39592684333772155,"score_spread":0.358429015640119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394571865","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.018979399,0.0013891965,0.9751706,0.00013145615,0.0038658963,0.00014337142,0.000024194842,0.0001273505,0.00016853507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.67093074,0.000063519394,0.32868567,0.000010479617,0.00022159141,0.000024628725,0.0000050654253,0.000052859188,0.0000054795646],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980065,0.0000615885,0.0009709861,0.00022978487,0.00039279138,0.00033830592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99792224,0.0016557239,0.000051149218,0.00010865128,0.00015261027,0.00010960928],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008740623,0.00024157763,0.0004493397,0.00064575096,0.000020341515,0.0000849608,0.00031126014,0.00008334731,0.000039106126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00094196206,0.00022681641,0.00020714186,0.00037675357,0.00002287615,0.0002584601,0.000067859575,0.00055139785,0.000003629043],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049555896,0.000055665798,0.000059121627,0.00008096264,0.00018520818,0.00006745403,0.0004429665,0.96768814,0.005117521,0.001106183,0.0000088322395,0.025138387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001109394,0.000035226563,0.00012528064,0.00038249293,0.000026632744,0.00007704331,0.00006762952,0.9953897,0.00031038764,0.0019088862,0.00034525635,0.00022207851],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000944901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016991683,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6519513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039059215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004240157,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92493045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394847269","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2024.270","title":"Characterization of partial wetting by CMAS droplets using multiphase many-body dissipative particle dynamics and data-driven discovery based on PINNs","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Division of Mathematical Sciences; Army Research Office; Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Clemson University; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Mitacs; Western University; Office of Science; Army Research Laboratory; Canada Research Chairs; Brown University; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Defense; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ode; Dissipative particle dynamics; Wetting; Surface tension; RADIUS; Parametric statistics; Mechanics; Materials science; Dissipative system; Particle (ecology); Contact angle; Ordinary differential equation; Statistical physics; Viscosity; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Physics; Differential equation; Applied mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Geology","score_opus":0.023260937454303115,"score_gpt":0.28645061322244353,"score_spread":0.2631896757681404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394847269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5469212,0.00012160403,0.45228037,0.00007347818,0.00029651454,0.00007262952,0.00020614047,0.000024720657,0.0000033230415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825853,0.000089362664,0.0013939778,0.000026202068,0.00012243596,0.0000012738766,0.000059595743,0.00003867493,0.000009918439],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987935,0.000047632384,0.00053895655,0.00015690754,0.00029594675,0.00016704656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932146,0.00015266052,0.00016521613,0.00019832958,0.00009190468,0.00007044448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030983545,0.00015604604,0.00027638345,0.000103646526,0.0000616287,0.000096847325,0.00012530948,0.000055744873,0.0000075147514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000108278604,0.00013782173,0.000053939475,0.00017701618,0.000018567365,0.0008376925,0.00006770357,0.00017389831,0.0000011244562],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000074988806,0.0000804106,0.00023270039,0.00019650596,0.00018097498,0.000034596793,0.00047268605,0.115783304,0.8791622,0.0019219924,0.000041026615,0.0018186476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004753351,0.00009771611,0.00013546289,0.00028885098,0.00014114492,0.000008083025,0.000110740606,0.9464934,0.05199601,0.000025791518,0.00010092476,0.00012653279],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000218816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011501995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8307101,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011866563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038173985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5620207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394880922","doi":"10.1007/s10665-024-10357-z","title":"Implicit interpolation method for immersed boundary methods","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Engineering Mathematics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Interpolation (computer graphics); Boundary (topology); Mathematics; Immersed boundary method; Mathematical analysis; Boundary value problem; Bilinear interpolation; Backward Euler method; Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary conditions in CFD; Applied mathematics; Linear interpolation; Stencil; Trilinear interpolation; Euler equations; Robin boundary condition; Mixed boundary condition; Computer science; Computational science; Motion (physics)","score_opus":0.027719183185858066,"score_gpt":0.3622284309432597,"score_spread":0.3345092477574016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394880922","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.002037522,0.0022129095,0.9936428,0.0000651046,0.0013658805,0.00012872562,0.0000056636236,0.000190828,0.00035056303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.045946203,0.000042258544,0.953545,0.000009478065,0.00031614478,0.000007917554,0.000001011018,0.00007401954,0.00005798235],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899,0.000012149435,0.0006120576,0.00007110736,0.00014644484,0.00016826179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99848014,0.0011481028,0.00007566574,0.00011556774,0.00012465572,0.000055848963],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009949397,0.00016131176,0.00033597142,0.00028646548,0.000026499116,0.00009940865,0.00011351669,0.000065633394,0.000015391259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026485606,0.00013838508,0.00020016472,0.0001984553,0.000008353808,0.00024673573,0.000018409697,0.00020435777,0.0000052502396],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015093288,0.00004720493,0.000008589997,0.005739575,0.0019113325,0.000020856674,0.00715429,0.7648083,0.15290383,0.022993611,0.0067810463,0.037616264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016588255,0.000036693942,0.000025019062,0.00029108173,0.00014118914,0.00008434436,0.00015256989,0.96924424,0.0030459014,0.0034739247,0.023198415,0.00014075567],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":1.7801992e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.482765e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20443591,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000094439616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002143143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56431794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395011098","doi":"10.1190/geo2023-0515.1","title":"A novel immersed boundary approach for irregular topography with acoustic wave equations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Circle Cardiovascular Imaging; Bell (Canada)","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Boundary (topology); Geology; Wave equation; Acoustics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Physics","score_opus":0.02412479905873297,"score_gpt":0.23092655189770664,"score_spread":0.20680175283897367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395011098","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0087669995,0.0006793013,0.98717374,0.000045912126,0.00025998178,0.0004048526,0.00008772232,0.0005100849,0.0020713792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97477067,0.000009041547,0.024351014,0.000043811357,0.00024608028,0.00017332824,0.00010024802,0.00006621092,0.00023959955],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925196,0.000003868675,0.00013814091,0.00020458158,0.00016420364,0.00023724601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995108,0.00016211832,0.000014222494,0.00019952613,0.00007362161,0.000039665352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005543584,0.00016930638,0.00016018859,0.000087953675,0.00012811786,0.00010893847,0.000060453076,0.000043691554,0.0000043330465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008266543,0.00014856421,0.00009904575,0.00042885114,0.00006212921,0.00018688418,0.000019320905,0.00010529492,0.000015377858],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000329489,0.00014853379,0.00002830229,0.0014843028,0.0015037686,0.0000075461203,0.0036548222,0.92861915,0.016770437,0.030631483,0.002644801,0.0144739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042395847,0.00004281633,0.00042319085,0.000034549397,0.0002218909,0.0000028343388,0.00037795733,0.9909778,0.0001657326,0.0018353362,0.0052051535,0.0002887556],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000401355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002507814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96600366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038394788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003258485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6058273},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395704477","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2024.09.028","title":"The influence of parasitic modes on stable lattice Boltzmann schemes and weakly unstable multi-step Finite Difference schemes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office National d'études et de Recherches Aérospatiales; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique (INRIA); Université de Strasbourg; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; McMaster University","keywords":"Mathematics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Lattice (music); Finite difference; Pure mathematics; Statistical physics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.019422581585900402,"score_gpt":0.26133264756567753,"score_spread":0.24191006597977713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395704477","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29781622,0.0016272891,0.69893044,0.00010773539,0.000026817486,0.00060830056,0.00002446258,0.00036011508,0.00049865374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91549337,0.00027483315,0.08367992,0.000024632105,0.000020896601,0.00027674015,0.0000049002124,0.00004078277,0.0001839094],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894667,0.000013037569,0.00033787335,0.000239796,0.0002190409,0.00024357482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977465,0.0015259937,0.00006513902,0.00047240863,0.00012370014,0.000066242086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013070565,0.00022513619,0.00024739624,0.00008438569,0.00024018931,0.00017356785,0.0002409018,0.00004597024,0.0000014626604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036584872,0.00015771356,0.00003270874,0.0003449186,0.00020386864,0.00014768293,0.00006200871,0.00016569297,0.000027277078],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012375214,0.00022157884,0.0007155932,0.0029494625,0.0006056764,0.000003242751,0.0025845382,0.6355913,0.0041639367,0.34369263,0.0002595019,0.009200115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020250141,0.000030493125,0.0015535131,0.00048184898,0.00008716463,0.000004291706,0.00026959807,0.988325,0.0010277013,0.0024426882,0.005343178,0.00023200184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000035521152,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059842396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61767715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003447009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028226357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64313716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396629258","doi":"10.1504/pcfd.2024.138197","title":"Fin effectivity investigation at solid-liquid phase change in axisymmetric heat exchangers using lattice Boltzmann method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics An International Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Rotational symmetry; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Fin; Materials science; Heat exchanger; Phase change; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.048981518475969564,"score_gpt":0.3957578399743215,"score_spread":0.34677632149835197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396629258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8743742,0.0024193912,0.1196932,0.00059125427,0.0022544642,0.0003516214,0.00009099715,0.00017225373,0.000052610216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9772792,0.00013680125,0.021448,0.00012143326,0.00065718516,0.000069616595,0.00020850357,0.00007262171,0.000006653229],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99730533,0.0002504458,0.0007532205,0.00040923082,0.0008920415,0.00038975498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99863523,0.00064589916,0.00008404726,0.0001234766,0.00035404754,0.00015726917],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012582557,0.00032402924,0.0003351146,0.0017992142,0.00013479791,0.00039876625,0.00034804523,0.00013859716,0.00003759335],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009703214,0.00035137645,0.0001167787,0.00095624395,0.00008849936,0.001499326,0.00015591011,0.00054614485,0.000016361193],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014796777,0.0001748741,0.028510755,0.000115884366,0.00023355424,0.00033712422,0.002083461,0.9320882,0.00016112579,0.003259855,0.000020501691,0.032866683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012789584,0.00011240873,0.021960389,0.00032745829,0.000027689788,0.00027706436,0.000044814213,0.9728013,0.00007651021,0.0026937493,0.00007202852,0.0003275816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000052023195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019822293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.102904975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025689253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009388629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396985475","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105538","title":"Numerical simulation of combined effects of a vertical magnetic field and thermal radiation on natural convection of non-Newtonian fluids confined between circular and square concentric cylinders","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Providence Health Care","keywords":"Nusselt number; Mechanics; Prandtl number; Natural convection; Heat transfer; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Rayleigh number; Physics; Thermal radiation; Non-Newtonian fluid; Newtonian fluid; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.004787100998125808,"score_gpt":0.2186257304121791,"score_spread":0.21383862941405327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396985475","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903754,0.0012258391,0.007539394,0.00015590961,0.00047709077,0.00017322454,0.0000034819102,0.000013788501,0.000035876543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99972653,0.000022939172,0.00016567443,0.000009340445,0.000058874004,9.2115954e-7,0.0000016716057,0.000012753939,0.0000012974224],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989831,0.00002090926,0.0005289043,0.0000811319,0.0002832583,0.00010272124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915445,0.00047752945,0.0001054486,0.000093322364,0.000114797585,0.000054450487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010815454,0.00013210365,0.00040574957,0.000119182216,0.000013319615,0.0000074924787,0.000084245476,0.00010457723,0.0000026996993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031636978,0.000101216574,0.00011869384,0.00023937142,0.00014634556,0.00012499694,0.000016057753,0.0002422657,1.17597786e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021286707,0.00004218328,0.002263363,0.0022244705,0.0004692959,0.000004778924,0.0011811306,0.499932,0.48930898,0.00018113924,0.000029935223,0.0041498714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00170562,0.00036044742,0.011058559,0.0005320583,0.00027375604,0.000004918304,0.000040417275,0.6418928,0.34396344,0.00003501648,0.000028965602,0.000103991064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038206726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.365143e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14534554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051301995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003379637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4127492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399053200","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2024.1393413","title":"Computational analysis of cancer cell adhesion in curved vessels affected by wall shear stress for prediction of metastatic spreading","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Extravasation; Shear stress; Tortuosity; Materials science; Mechanics; Pathology; Medicine; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.009245923326455276,"score_gpt":0.23901950611200506,"score_spread":0.2297735827855498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399053200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7527154,0.015385709,0.23073018,0.000048263668,0.00027527544,0.00019391013,0.00047849276,0.0001681953,0.0000045520674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98831993,0.0009892868,0.010560968,0.0000011318243,0.000004813101,0.000028730186,0.00007461293,0.000015555372,0.0000049774244],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932444,0.000009686579,0.00029437523,0.0001635806,0.00006788706,0.0001400466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977994,0.000084240506,0.000028332544,0.00007160928,0.000021493852,0.000014393368],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000096863405,0.00011244163,0.00034506453,0.00080119714,0.000009680645,0.0000062188683,0.000054930344,0.00012677525,0.0000017752814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016304979,0.00011338404,0.000044412773,0.0008582238,0.000043892735,0.00006833306,0.000016199387,0.00009895403,5.0408847e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008714006,0.000026119851,0.011013434,0.00086665875,0.00057286693,9.601606e-7,0.00026792867,0.95587075,0.028835012,0.000081862854,0.00021920462,0.0022364624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028879783,0.000034169545,0.010353262,0.00013761145,0.00020263021,1.4880729e-7,0.00015312491,0.9579669,0.030622795,0.000051032053,0.00010680208,0.000082701146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006883529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028762484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2356045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008360551,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005535992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4623667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399165075","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106391","title":"Parameter optimization of phase-field-based LBM model for calculating capillary forces","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Geotechnics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary action; Finite element method; Coupling (piping); Lattice (music); Mechanics; Field (mathematics); Statistical physics; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.02267113123188758,"score_gpt":0.27471162926367265,"score_spread":0.2520404980317851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399165075","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.031805452,0.001280692,0.96620893,0.000075195494,0.00014273074,0.00018041253,0.000011793604,0.00026066386,0.000034102053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88912106,0.000054812568,0.110673346,0.000065416854,0.000028134336,0.000013075078,0.000012984111,0.000020214968,0.0000109738],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995268,0.0000034583052,0.00017846574,0.000119662844,0.00006539541,0.000106217696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955314,0.00027184328,0.00001897071,0.00009416566,0.000039688384,0.000022185492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007010767,0.00009548803,0.00013759345,0.00007528928,0.000041967265,0.00003389007,0.000044859145,0.000066398694,0.0000012843096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017688604,0.00009037433,0.00005176868,0.0000883905,0.000016677606,0.00007908414,0.00002376839,0.000055561428,2.0046069e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004235729,0.00000551734,0.0000033931965,0.00029256506,0.000028654818,5.7930805e-7,0.00014719293,0.9846843,0.00014883488,0.0003840211,0.00050079235,0.013799943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029387895,0.00004858832,0.000001459065,0.000093172515,0.000030972547,7.277336e-7,0.000009672223,0.99772483,0.0006981216,0.00046291304,0.0005322695,0.000103374485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000013806141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.0189175e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8573156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012877186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000085417305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36853582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399357336","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2024.106329","title":"A hierarchical level-set numerical approach for immiscible incompressible n-phase flows (n≥3)","year":2024,"lang":"lv","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Set (abstract data type); Phase (matter); Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Compressibility; Computer science; Physics; Mechanics; Programming language","score_opus":0.056190015588052124,"score_gpt":0.3175848443681153,"score_spread":0.26139482878006315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399357336","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009935891,0.010424038,0.9704993,0.0004475345,0.0039037461,0.0011071736,0.00046333627,0.0010196316,0.0021993783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7733253,0.00011844727,0.22153394,0.0002305593,0.0026022634,0.0002466618,0.00039448295,0.0002692318,0.0012790636],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962893,0.0001170081,0.00090381387,0.0011227228,0.0005454845,0.0010216496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979108,0.0007848198,0.000044953,0.0007386207,0.00013898974,0.00038180922],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045795518,0.0007355944,0.0008874068,0.00042963398,0.00036032198,0.00066392374,0.0006510563,0.00033008383,0.000064021406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006221729,0.0007331738,0.0005194889,0.00086431805,0.00015463335,0.0003357196,0.0005631555,0.00067526253,0.00024011328],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035259555,0.00075479766,0.00009741929,0.0045516756,0.0024655622,0.00014083904,0.006569621,0.58949953,0.003660442,0.012431368,0.2836683,0.09580784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020914085,0.00031254793,0.00011794843,0.0002805932,0.00021268443,0.000031407955,0.000079724756,0.8704045,0.00025330373,0.0004741484,0.12502158,0.000720159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016399772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.1694657e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76338947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002604094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016675287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99951196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399568354","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4863166","title":"Numerical Analysis of Flow and Temperature Fields in Porous-Partitioned Cavities Using Non-Linear Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer Model","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Darcy's law; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Porosity; Porous medium; Materials science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01665331862272289,"score_gpt":0.276958182742383,"score_spread":0.2603048641196601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399568354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94140124,0.01147987,0.046212446,0.00015623275,0.00025609924,0.00017214217,0.000047274756,0.000061116625,0.0002135725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99532056,0.0030422325,0.0011734349,0.000023552097,0.00017049437,0.000008727205,0.000024664796,0.00005590036,0.00018045378],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976847,0.000039300918,0.00065089413,0.00029613366,0.00032297987,0.0010059604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941176,0.000053376825,0.00011723037,0.00023717566,0.00011759953,0.00006288202],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005812361,0.00033611798,0.00076120277,0.00074584107,0.000082511295,0.00010594222,0.00017030744,0.00033946376,0.00000952824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022454864,0.00031749957,0.00024887035,0.00053548446,0.00005056011,0.00017178702,0.0002096472,0.0039368924,0.0000015333749],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017998826,0.00001545265,0.00068784103,0.00014087278,0.0030354238,0.000007548213,0.0010299232,0.9937909,0.00020175915,0.0007962678,0.000019604586,0.00025637072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024309455,0.000023677003,0.0004901503,0.00014026735,0.0013322186,0.000028796647,0.0004823236,0.9686655,0.00009894044,0.028200263,0.000005745388,0.00028902089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012726603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00067454344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053919297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006341085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006425927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399728699","doi":"10.52202/074122-0015","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Study on Surfactant-Laden Drop Behaviour in Shear Flow","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Shear flow; Pulmonary surfactant; Mechanics; Drop (telecommunication); Materials science; Shear (geology); Thermodynamics; Physics; Composite material; Mechanical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.02567486896567451,"score_gpt":0.28510819549946176,"score_spread":0.25943332653378726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399728699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9749567,0.00049522996,0.00040468367,0.00018605623,0.0007555893,0.0004740125,0.000012487371,0.0012703924,0.021444852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974059,0.000017973802,0.000354618,0.000045075667,0.00009281743,0.000030014071,0.00000412532,0.0000719069,0.0019775848],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986442,0.000038969607,0.00034146436,0.00032261608,0.00032810238,0.00032467014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937886,0.00022191608,0.000009059595,0.00029474447,0.0000306776,0.000064746055],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025246962,0.00024067846,0.0002584777,0.0002404717,0.00004863878,0.00012409761,0.00013373436,0.000074708514,0.00021680906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027301125,0.00021229114,0.000057465808,0.00042775,0.000017827782,0.0002427531,0.00005852107,0.00031924757,0.0011675779],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076891396,0.00130144,0.34675032,0.00047782157,0.0010064896,0.0017885428,0.03252457,0.57960695,0.0011638143,0.002639291,0.02325159,0.009412316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010998449,0.00024320379,0.5050501,0.00015316086,0.00012329612,0.0000069106322,0.004646032,0.48223805,0.000362008,0.00017161029,0.005158208,0.00074754976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006356915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001517513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1582998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001333545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013379958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996101},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399944187","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4874977","title":"An Accurate Immersed Boundary Method Using Radial-Basis Functions for Incompressible Flows","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Radial basis function; Compressibility; Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Basis (linear algebra); Mechanics; Incompressible flow; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Geometry; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.03235895199804473,"score_gpt":0.33544015109606545,"score_spread":0.3030811990980207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399944187","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08647263,0.021611594,0.8848373,0.00020815291,0.004898503,0.00067966117,0.00014499565,0.00055063097,0.0005964925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.964308,0.00278292,0.027929604,0.000055641343,0.0035076872,0.00013912877,0.00010756388,0.00039517944,0.0007742751],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99614525,0.00015005612,0.0007259059,0.000497927,0.00032461414,0.0021562448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987477,0.00020593066,0.00019678373,0.00046734055,0.000230299,0.00015194695],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018816536,0.00054133387,0.00064285524,0.00051942415,0.0005593893,0.00054485945,0.00042402642,0.00035306005,0.000033984812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050650902,0.0005330333,0.00046623178,0.00028683565,0.000038081278,0.00030355505,0.00023565603,0.004663195,0.000030977833],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052649997,0.000029028924,0.000025852754,0.00025424614,0.0021852679,0.000004111946,0.0004233795,0.976029,0.0020310692,0.0019898652,0.00038547046,0.016590066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006742919,0.00008617263,0.000033767297,0.00016359989,0.0009094429,0.00013388935,0.0010813049,0.8204463,0.00022408957,0.16993022,0.0056917174,0.00062518555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000643703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042108493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8778354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026209985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029234777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997121},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400801045","doi":"","title":"Stokes-darcy fluid flow simulations within 3d Interlock fabrics with capillary effects","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Safran Electronics (Canada)","funders":"Safran Aircraft Engines; Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie","keywords":"Interlock; Capillary action; Darcy's law; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Fluid dynamics; Materials science; Porous medium; Mechanical engineering; Porosity; Physics; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.008446395609942451,"score_gpt":0.21260143886968857,"score_spread":0.20415504325974612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400801045","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.315128,0.0051541235,0.64910257,0.0016780053,0.0005981165,0.000623554,0.000058146637,0.002130381,0.025527094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9678328,0.000120701596,0.028181395,0.000052423613,0.000033401164,0.000031901203,0.000109992485,0.000086387154,0.003551006],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99778056,0.00075530534,0.00037800954,0.00040444915,0.00036813933,0.00031354598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99617124,0.0020779325,0.000059867627,0.00086638797,0.0006912358,0.00013333211],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010604546,0.00029139686,0.00026188913,0.00022943558,0.00027896347,0.00043921467,0.00035084508,0.000102259764,0.00006149152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004268986,0.0002690043,0.000086305066,0.0007436994,0.00013765573,0.00048438198,0.00016259629,0.0003288172,0.00010617415],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042419008,0.00048170643,0.005864538,0.0023370478,0.0014005264,0.00013272504,0.088132136,0.6967808,0.023354476,0.07559671,0.007948638,0.09792825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041836724,0.0000010218606,0.0012429708,0.0011400103,0.00008073911,0.000015711319,0.000118121745,0.96166724,0.019312073,0.00035558187,0.015257404,0.00039078775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000685175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005596918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6527048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014267609,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007369034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999762},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401203222","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.20804","title":"The incompressible Navier-Stokes limit from the lattice BGK Boltzmann equation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Limit (mathematics); Compressibility; Physics; Boltzmann equation; Mathematics; Mathematical physics; Statistical physics; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.08859171627019342,"score_gpt":0.20221194873524548,"score_spread":0.11362023246505205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401203222","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9230387,0.013820936,0.022109227,0.0012065276,0.0051965765,0.0011745776,0.00028031095,0.0019568184,0.031216322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995132,0.0014835768,0.0000936391,0.00007750483,0.00042909916,0.0000058284722,0.000051306582,0.000072597104,0.0026543974],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984103,0.00013969993,0.00031045513,0.0006014087,0.00017278065,0.00036535584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971127,0.001432109,0.00012772971,0.0010971712,0.00015094227,0.000079351914],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031530843,0.00041431363,0.0003148719,0.00008875853,0.00051464775,0.00031293323,0.0009755961,0.0002714453,0.000039931158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000083200604,0.000306005,0.0002318029,0.0004181146,0.00018550879,0.00017652565,0.0015880609,0.0011353228,0.00070558],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002257076,0.0000147143255,0.0012901566,0.00010378344,0.000662204,0.000041981228,0.000941591,0.96997076,0.000023238554,0.021211257,0.004861826,0.00085590576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002953407,0.000010413009,0.0036968535,0.00026440996,0.0006051692,7.2599875e-7,0.0007706007,0.88400775,0.00008557286,0.08020441,0.029557602,0.00050113804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024121733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029328885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08596301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002548788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006445248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999392},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401361342","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120151","title":"Investigating Proppant Transport in Slickwater Fractures using Direct Numeriacl Simulations (DNS) and Two-Fluid Models (TFM)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Colorado School of Mines","keywords":"Drag; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Fracturing fluid; Geology; Mechanics; Settling; Drag coefficient; Petroleum engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.02721700001696208,"score_gpt":0.28425952015713224,"score_spread":0.25704252014017015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401361342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98705935,0.0035644108,0.00618734,0.0005285164,0.00016715543,0.00028216906,0.000017082313,0.0014134678,0.00078052905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99660605,0.00003846455,0.0031444896,0.000045509692,0.00004301074,0.00002574468,0.0000071449567,0.00006239598,0.000027211545],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988919,0.0000149065445,0.00034416182,0.00031343373,0.00011398779,0.0003215955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996319,0.00007572966,0.00002005015,0.00020302871,0.000031415577,0.000037897535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009411085,0.0002199376,0.00028660125,0.00054301106,0.00008237926,0.000037557955,0.00009322011,0.0001797291,0.000019824645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031104362,0.00020077794,0.00003195633,0.0005621762,0.00015954621,0.00030643,0.00004801666,0.00030128835,0.0000073734027],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016000776,0.000010283978,0.009651797,0.0001376069,0.00009018585,0.000023564291,0.0018059042,0.94797003,0.03595925,0.002274397,0.000019717916,0.002055666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000257341,0.000009572799,0.0012704827,0.00013905652,0.000045399323,0.000015868924,0.00014198464,0.97478884,0.0076394766,0.014465729,0.00095279847,0.00027343337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005813582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008401764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028319776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006789568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020669819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81874865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401480399","doi":"10.56952/arma-2024-0634","title":"Modeling of Immiscible Fluid Flow in Mixed-Wetted Porous Media Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Mechanics; Porosity; Statistical physics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.039975858501959456,"score_gpt":0.3006544124320406,"score_spread":0.26067855393008116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401480399","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41379032,0.005814925,0.5731137,0.00028289173,0.00102592,0.0002770595,0.000015500029,0.0005986968,0.0050810487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9417569,0.000066169574,0.05786915,0.000042293414,0.0001195088,0.000008743568,0.0000041943413,0.000054197368,0.00007883719],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986455,0.00006536813,0.00048744833,0.0002276486,0.00028413688,0.00028991842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989931,0.0005824484,0.000016557258,0.00029256844,0.00007731183,0.00003799686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070260395,0.00019621711,0.0002912782,0.0002198003,0.00005568293,0.000057034475,0.00017313918,0.00008538557,0.000059357113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009297995,0.00014114969,0.000077068384,0.0006734882,0.000030468227,0.00025459792,0.000088067834,0.00022388442,0.000023617189],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042620345,0.0000073283472,0.000050570427,0.00011914595,0.000091466456,0.000009798774,0.002083932,0.9900291,0.0051826015,0.0008822572,0.00015655856,0.0013829923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018526684,0.000004286469,0.0001252474,0.000092170914,0.00006567152,0.0000073395922,0.0009672695,0.99516433,0.002184824,0.00080801925,0.00022674748,0.00016881959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024949686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022783171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5279666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008322918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028723754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57559174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402315966","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2024.113391","title":"An energy stable and positivity-preserving computational method for compressible and immiscible two-phase flow in porous media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Porous medium; Compressibility; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Porosity; Compressible flow; Energy (signal processing); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Phase (matter); Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.020554770379260963,"score_gpt":0.3323522721397298,"score_spread":0.31179750176046883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402315966","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10925673,0.001695518,0.8884491,0.0001343962,0.00019568084,0.0000693872,0.0000631522,0.000038651797,0.00009739832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.81159467,0.00001961695,0.18795882,0.000049364517,0.00030698115,0.00000359877,0.000037394744,0.000024553809,0.000004999808],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899817,0.0000567901,0.00037905594,0.00013788439,0.0002826613,0.00014543846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979969,0.0015517344,0.00007586855,0.000051035604,0.00024165738,0.00008279023],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034841275,0.00013957334,0.00027908658,0.00016916344,0.00007585094,0.00015951168,0.00007569843,0.000031909338,0.0000039937927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021759031,0.0001367047,0.000043551998,0.00019904599,0.000033223514,0.00077630806,0.000035973342,0.00013962686,3.738519e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003658261,0.00006169454,0.00011474685,0.00010558167,0.000109376204,0.00001428159,0.00076276856,0.9721974,0.00047076627,0.007313787,0.00043273054,0.018380264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001335788,0.00006029997,0.0013091034,0.000087557295,0.00003321752,0.000031745592,0.00006959065,0.8221203,0.0001322451,0.17452402,0.0001820972,0.00011403851],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011407696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010946269,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7023379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050029248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006352619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55746555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402438646","doi":"10.11159/htff24.259","title":"Mathematical Modelling of Forced Convection: Insights from Hele-Shaw Analogues and Cylinder Studies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Forced convection; Mechanics; Cylinder; Convection; Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.024523175629107514,"score_gpt":0.2344949511742961,"score_spread":0.2099717755451886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402438646","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99773175,0.00060061633,0.00013341721,0.00006784937,0.00084147713,0.00018575085,0.00002053759,0.00024185635,0.00017674982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99759007,0.00036267392,0.0017470972,0.000010537033,0.00016807795,0.000025223599,0.0000018404819,0.000042803462,0.000051674604],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895823,0.0000027792066,0.00042848286,0.00024898737,0.00019381083,0.00016769183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945825,0.00023419237,0.0000581299,0.000090827125,0.00010083734,0.00005776768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008669788,0.00024182859,0.000465041,0.000114385046,0.00004487881,0.00007861199,0.00012858305,0.0000854817,0.000008403432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006354108,0.00017800019,0.00006621224,0.00018038168,0.00009451237,0.00016717555,0.00015824671,0.00016131299,9.621081e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004967277,0.000016623066,0.000004395745,0.002414998,0.00047837233,9.0825597e-7,0.00019779823,0.009258679,0.9518264,0.035489246,0.00015907285,0.000103827166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019902467,0.000015533322,0.0000021002577,0.0010252653,0.00009861143,0.000002172538,0.00014195213,0.28181082,0.71097076,0.005382353,0.00019481931,0.00015661134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000023459086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8955897e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27255216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029216295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039537586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72586375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402689117","doi":"10.2514/6.2024-3615","title":"Mesh Optimization for Improved Computational Fluid Dynamics Numerical Stability and Convergence Rate","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Convergence (economics); Stability (learning theory); Computer science; Rate of convergence; Computational fluid dynamics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.014453824380951729,"score_gpt":0.2510998369579049,"score_spread":0.23664601257695317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402689117","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014216208,0.00017982844,0.9840007,0.0002750214,0.0002900639,0.00023442159,0.00004446886,0.00040500597,0.000354307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96530443,0.000024923183,0.03443539,0.0000388532,0.00002735508,0.000023504175,0.00006072137,0.000017422723,0.0000674075],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995348,0.000009642426,0.00016004102,0.00014825106,0.000047377584,0.00009992163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952954,0.0002943512,0.0000072870807,0.000056314315,0.000079844256,0.000032687076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115843206,0.00008664032,0.00010021372,0.000027926551,0.000046356326,0.00005418777,0.000026768992,0.000031521584,0.00011033844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036247704,0.00007954646,0.000025027175,0.00010100471,0.000027089152,0.00016204771,0.000019530713,0.00003822317,0.000005230236],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006503659,0.0000046071787,0.00013548924,0.00012717619,0.000047299705,1.8899615e-7,0.000120011864,0.9890671,0.000123361,0.009061154,0.0003085883,0.0009985528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014391645,0.000012647679,0.000391158,0.000003960631,0.000015173417,6.573728e-7,0.00005140336,0.9978322,0.000104166895,0.0010931105,0.0002548081,0.00009680586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024688225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003200908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9510882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006330612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013235281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32438102},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402862377","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133212","title":"Effects of permeability on the flow past porous spheres at moderate Reynolds number: A PIV experimental study","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars; China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mechanics; Porosity; Permeability (electromagnetism); SPHERES; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Chemistry; Composite material; Turbulence; Membrane","score_opus":0.014094431345625925,"score_gpt":0.2581986466957701,"score_spread":0.24410421535014415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402862377","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911875,0.0013552655,0.000049133083,0.00003556452,0.00041766593,0.00052176893,0.000007937449,0.0002910658,0.0061341096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919105,0.000007978615,0.00006141653,0.000022117401,0.000103062295,0.000089688605,0.0000014735489,0.000036421065,0.0004868174],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991579,0.000059555186,0.00019235541,0.00020426804,0.00022547295,0.00016046931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992692,0.00038984307,0.000014742444,0.00027304367,0.00002500639,0.000028205352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010536112,0.00016627484,0.00019174308,0.000018683679,0.00007315321,0.000039742452,0.00009814575,0.000037195285,0.00018409129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028190365,0.00011398186,0.00006448361,0.000115684066,0.000042561176,0.00007060031,0.00008810445,0.00010942644,0.00021289043],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008884373,0.0050279107,0.11445159,0.0068553966,0.0041952133,0.0005101731,0.21412222,0.52701306,0.06213915,0.00345606,0.056091394,0.005249368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040450785,0.0014346729,0.21014798,0.00062442065,0.0004141634,0.000019841367,0.020332498,0.6231446,0.13112468,0.0014681121,0.0056013856,0.0016425162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017042457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002959677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19378972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011986243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059479985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46480453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403249083","doi":"10.3390/fluids9100237","title":"Lattice Boltzmann Model for Rarefied Gaseous Mixture Flows in Three-Dimensional Porous Media Including Knudsen Diffusion","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Knudsen number; Knudsen diffusion; Porous medium; Diffusion; Materials science; HPP model; Mechanics; Direct simulation Monte Carlo; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Porosity; Reynolds number; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03205124456661621,"score_gpt":0.2685796631246116,"score_spread":0.23652841855799542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403249083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93969285,0.0063412925,0.048854582,0.0004985897,0.0017020358,0.0006269755,0.0001479469,0.0011651036,0.0009705941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929255,0.000034641547,0.0056157014,0.00012861076,0.0003835572,0.00009206575,0.00009226923,0.00010849251,0.00061912567],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984023,0.000017388815,0.00042429983,0.0003747395,0.00034398327,0.0004373204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898183,0.0005739711,0.000017334283,0.0002573103,0.00007825583,0.00009130229],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002727037,0.00030384507,0.0003454806,0.00024701701,0.00012083428,0.00006994485,0.00015736432,0.00019597153,0.00003782673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013099817,0.00027989325,0.00010642892,0.00031475193,0.000027154618,0.00025583003,0.00014494717,0.0002850641,0.00008617987],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007285122,0.000054393735,0.00040343773,0.0003970741,0.0001475173,0.000104773695,0.0037404492,0.95585895,0.014246827,0.0025539864,0.01562025,0.0067994897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000641961,0.000020817053,0.00081970834,0.00017760639,0.000052503096,0.0000094752995,0.000039977072,0.99205726,0.00022469442,0.002909072,0.002721174,0.00032576727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015569276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031466363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053232655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018745162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042477164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999653},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403266540","doi":"10.3397/in_2024_4117","title":"Numerical study of thermo-viscous effects in acoustic materials using linearized Navier-Stokes equations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NOISE-CON proceedings","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Materials science; Navier–Stokes equations; Mathematics; Physics; Compressibility","score_opus":0.025303258492045337,"score_gpt":0.28945369045816827,"score_spread":0.2641504319661229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403266540","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937169,0.00042074567,0.0037185985,0.000017586653,0.0005244887,0.0007928746,0.0000064013816,0.00041477213,0.00038762804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924344,0.0000076264428,0.0004044953,0.000012701615,0.00013290493,0.00008710763,0.0000022070042,0.0000726468,0.00003688246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865586,0.00001710136,0.00052464067,0.00027254835,0.00025644473,0.0002734166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993861,0.00029784694,0.0000585787,0.0000986559,0.0001120068,0.000046832538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028570963,0.00023740697,0.00044680244,0.00026494567,0.00005923511,0.00011978141,0.00012729476,0.00009168878,0.000038254755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021323154,0.00021832554,0.000046617977,0.00058860274,0.000034836652,0.00032742403,0.00005189438,0.00017943355,0.000032030417],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000456304,0.00021469648,0.0032512113,0.001947547,0.0002486194,0.000019702811,0.0152472025,0.13864136,0.83928573,0.000276547,0.00007433441,0.000747421],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018604897,0.00024693462,0.009730488,0.00077103864,0.00033784864,0.000008273567,0.002018416,0.9517742,0.03227627,0.00035823166,0.00006541281,0.00055241346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006728749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032768842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8131328,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011788583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023513307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89030576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403350308","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4985630","title":"Numerical Study of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Square Cavity with a Cold Obstacle Inside Using the Lagrangian Particle Method","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Obstacle; Square (algebra); Natural convection; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Heat transfer; Lagrangian; Convection; Classical mechanics; Physics; Meteorology; Geology; Mathematics; Geometry; Geography; Theoretical physics","score_opus":0.019157506158613696,"score_gpt":0.2903297296250867,"score_spread":0.27117222346647296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403350308","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9719178,0.005005313,0.021928575,0.00012908553,0.00031503342,0.00059875904,0.0000036720846,0.00008034548,0.00002138329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995735,0.00009643938,0.00012007048,0.0000110361725,0.000099020435,0.000025402895,8.958373e-7,0.000057143632,0.000016475387],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99766994,0.0002701951,0.00047844287,0.00025020575,0.000377386,0.0009538576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944806,0.00014245963,0.000033924065,0.00022064518,0.0001130803,0.00004181794],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010581431,0.00027662964,0.00045876266,0.00013610777,0.000110112975,0.0000733223,0.00016790158,0.00010590997,0.0000032573398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019861802,0.00018926682,0.00012249181,0.00045583973,0.00003534361,0.000091991984,0.00007160594,0.004102668,0.0000014232143],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013372947,0.0001498638,0.0063756728,0.00014520937,0.0010776387,0.00002068819,0.009902743,0.9782236,0.0022760322,0.0009414022,0.000002068562,0.0007513569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003586704,0.00077608606,0.00941562,0.0004992062,0.0010864416,0.00046181757,0.033543166,0.93884575,0.0037514602,0.007205393,0.00003848764,0.0007898584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00095612434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0065834094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039377835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001275025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000489352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99819493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403524226","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.105035","title":"Lattice Boltzmann modeling of forced imbibition dynamics in dual-wetted porous media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Porosity; Dual (grammatical number); Mechanics; Materials science; Dynamics (music); Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01920092697732927,"score_gpt":0.28298902045999835,"score_spread":0.2637880934826691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403524226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86718476,0.0013834181,0.12698533,0.0004270092,0.0029982086,0.00010535588,0.00011257524,0.000092989,0.0007103318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99192095,0.00018240113,0.007366833,0.000032322092,0.00040291078,0.0000025606214,0.00003625579,0.000035183442,0.000020557056],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99826443,0.00002699567,0.00085059425,0.000115130795,0.00059101376,0.00015182424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889445,0.00033396503,0.00011176181,0.00008774184,0.0005161022,0.000055978664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036217456,0.00015343528,0.00026210208,0.00067120144,0.000015498268,0.000055749744,0.00015532477,0.00007964599,0.00003765805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002233778,0.00014643242,0.00013026866,0.00021212544,0.000027157468,0.0005284531,0.000037015376,0.0002975571,0.000010771912],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008552695,0.00005589063,0.00025311296,0.0000555378,0.00030404105,0.00043322676,0.0011374187,0.9899186,0.0015474706,0.00053486845,0.00016039697,0.005513943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001307613,0.000024058725,0.00022997319,0.0004342502,0.000042100484,0.00012682163,0.00030512325,0.99595916,0.00054264313,0.0007741608,0.0001250948,0.00012902322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023163824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010498714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12473619,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043718706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004262069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59713405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404223829","doi":"10.1007/s10915-024-02716-w","title":"An Adaptive Time Filter Algorithm with Different Subdomain Time Steps for Super-Hydrophobic Proppants Based on the 3D Unsteady-State Triple-Porosity Stokes Model","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Scientific Computing","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Porosity; Mathematics; State (computer science); Filter (signal processing); Algorithm; Computer science; Composite material; Materials science; Computer vision","score_opus":0.021298334539336324,"score_gpt":0.2394068377272822,"score_spread":0.21810850318794586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404223829","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6825718,0.00008735081,0.31616136,0.00008719835,0.0005058448,0.00036201242,0.000060856943,0.00010070461,0.00006283677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884631,8.940893e-7,0.01071118,0.000028704844,0.00014677848,0.0000038986163,0.000007407258,0.000047528923,0.000590476],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980681,0.00008881265,0.0005184553,0.00030265,0.0006488975,0.0003730863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986461,0.00053509616,0.0001432365,0.00026413164,0.0002967025,0.00011472689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014141438,0.00026176232,0.0003627319,0.00028383193,0.0005021532,0.00052239816,0.00030320714,0.000040370658,0.000024265772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023339084,0.00015322544,0.00013996269,0.00034983823,0.0001398902,0.000324872,0.000043211327,0.0003244119,0.000020367703],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008021878,0.00007210447,0.000034682078,0.00005145735,0.00011809686,0.000018876943,0.0014846006,0.98256916,0.006695475,0.000009848905,0.001281455,0.0075840424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000599193,0.00028320716,0.00028430088,0.00036444882,0.00007413692,0.000013636556,0.0001175718,0.9959657,0.0018818299,0.00009664391,0.00011385019,0.00020543892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.867385e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018017911,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3058913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019311863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094530355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6248352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404462723","doi":"10.1063/5.0238428","title":"Pore-scale study of droplet settling on a heterogenous surface structure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Energi Simulation","keywords":"Physics; Settling; Scale (ratio); Mechanics; Surface (topology); Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics; Geometry","score_opus":0.0159991093113376,"score_gpt":0.2561360840885737,"score_spread":0.24013697477723608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404462723","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99774456,0.00047714336,0.0007249686,0.000009592331,0.00024289537,0.00017848889,0.00007476472,0.00016844069,0.0003791678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995799,0.000009362201,0.00024933237,0.000005733767,0.00008957341,0.0000020909288,0.000008317102,0.000041278567,0.000014387265],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992224,0.000012162511,0.00023697782,0.00014876077,0.00024768081,0.00013202977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956363,0.00008758483,0.000020413021,0.00024519232,0.00005943808,0.000023714201],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049191156,0.00014405834,0.00025765464,0.000035586872,0.00002762841,0.000015428084,0.0000985459,0.000032024203,0.000007680404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033374122,0.00013257243,0.00006268118,0.00022460298,0.000024768618,0.00008787578,0.000039398492,0.00011707412,0.0000066516595],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011647123,0.00014640245,0.0019299407,0.0004119792,0.0004098041,0.0000072336884,0.013358396,0.8819932,0.09902082,0.000532988,0.0002085243,0.001969125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019754672,0.0012859149,0.00906539,0.0004926098,0.0005256042,0.0000055275523,0.004098143,0.63540304,0.3410367,0.00397555,0.0010412738,0.0010947804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001321396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005728686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24659012,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002805785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008244586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54061466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404482893","doi":"10.1063/5.0243150","title":"Pore-scale study on shear rheology of wet granular materials","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Physics; Rheology; Shear (geology); Scale (ratio); Shear flow; Mechanics; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Materials science","score_opus":0.02005906273998457,"score_gpt":0.2724632781362149,"score_spread":0.2524042153962303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404482893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99444246,0.0002677188,0.0029232337,0.000025674353,0.0004696716,0.00017823406,0.00004716589,0.00014623319,0.001499635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99955684,0.000016003705,0.00016650524,0.0000062647355,0.000120917975,0.000011162322,0.000008060407,0.00003074053,0.00008349268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992826,0.000024457333,0.00027403721,0.00013018912,0.00016849022,0.000120246295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995996,0.000086290216,0.000017454851,0.00022894671,0.00004891024,0.000018816658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012234312,0.000120152756,0.00030669777,0.0000546433,0.000016184991,0.0000095521345,0.00009109187,0.00003288446,0.0000339678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007834835,0.00011042266,0.000054457934,0.00015098682,0.000051693747,0.00007890993,0.000041328916,0.000057801426,0.000042438525],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007799176,0.00068311027,0.0056515574,0.0014569041,0.0010525265,0.000027844531,0.017185988,0.050319623,0.8569728,0.059674222,0.0031416013,0.0037558067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012104368,0.0008243107,0.038602583,0.00025306403,0.00033460758,0.0000020561213,0.0010899802,0.02545524,0.92193294,0.008441606,0.0012921894,0.00056099636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010684156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7750447e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06496011,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016233367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000072244534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45029053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404520151","doi":"10.1145/3681758.3698004","title":"Editing Fluid Flows with Divergence-Free Biharmonic Vector Field Interpolation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biharmonic equation; Interpolation (computer graphics); Divergence (linguistics); Vector field; Computer graphics (images); Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.014167734940365209,"score_gpt":0.23393863679831742,"score_spread":0.2197709018579522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404520151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5463124,0.004384689,0.32389146,0.0020282394,0.005934607,0.0005386719,0.00002857138,0.005819825,0.11106154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969302,0.000030703544,0.001992966,0.000047379635,0.00040886097,0.000013896772,0.0000035995984,0.000026875094,0.0005455382],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939704,0.000006086621,0.00014811524,0.0001427992,0.00014794292,0.00015803012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999607,0.00014501071,0.0000075388944,0.00017416972,0.00003301803,0.000033255797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058427657,0.00011760133,0.00009613013,0.00008007476,0.000050568506,0.0000728903,0.00009964082,0.000039190683,0.0006011529],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041730287,0.00009012315,0.000034326215,0.0002073997,0.000009304775,0.00026974868,0.00006137593,0.00011001151,0.00018771148],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011446979,0.00007127285,0.027964,0.002241907,0.0025464895,0.00022404894,0.015165089,0.2789,0.049068037,0.03196363,0.524142,0.06759906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016942731,0.00005127613,0.0015726133,0.00013062058,0.000040105828,0.0000042142556,0.0002577274,0.9814249,0.0034786721,0.00025989744,0.012397632,0.00021291566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016275399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007172867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7025249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000382817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008059566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65822023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405043832","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2024.102271","title":"Simulating flow-induced reconfiguration by coupling corotational plate finite elements with a simplified pressure drag","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Drag; Control reconfiguration; Coupling (piping); Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Finite element method; Physics; Parasitic drag; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Structural engineering; Embedded system","score_opus":0.02852815466676604,"score_gpt":0.2373580498182503,"score_spread":0.20882989515148426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405043832","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.18720369,0.0005849839,0.8086443,0.00063234015,0.00069860165,0.00063523476,0.000077501565,0.0011558799,0.0003674795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948577,0.0000129579985,0.004141384,0.00035882785,0.00016361603,0.000058295835,0.00017013561,0.00010320546,0.0001338256],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983679,0.000019756957,0.00044627517,0.00037808943,0.00043304282,0.000354941],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992438,0.00034318617,0.00006930626,0.00019738775,0.00007711077,0.00006919592],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022943174,0.00030116588,0.00022601125,0.00013523715,0.00017342296,0.00021353441,0.00011942047,0.00008467795,0.00012886872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038178212,0.0002929752,0.000057851976,0.00028193483,0.000009055533,0.00041139877,0.000028229098,0.0002822921,0.00006866613],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001815057,0.0000071678837,0.000026942365,0.00012143678,0.00031834774,0.0000151361,0.0005777885,0.8673749,0.12651698,0.00029859142,0.0019444362,0.0027801164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049460464,0.000028538727,0.000023035394,0.0001468118,0.000092647315,0.0000026925643,0.00008222956,0.9878535,0.0031714488,0.00015731512,0.007595728,0.00035141548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000045486613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060175817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8076541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098245895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020378331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405287560","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2024.106522","title":"Integration of Lattice Boltzmann-overset method with non-conforming quadtree mesh based on the combination of spatial and Lagrangian-link interpolated streaming technique","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quadtree; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Lagrangian; Link (geometry); Mathematics; Computer science; Algorithm; Applied mathematics; Topology (electrical circuits); Physics; Combinatorics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.01111076574134103,"score_gpt":0.25283857745901417,"score_spread":0.24172781171767313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405287560","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.062368285,0.00009554198,0.93565774,0.00016252726,0.0001997815,0.00041414087,0.000016656635,0.00017794079,0.00090738415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9746328,0.000009528682,0.02519957,0.000042075546,0.000033670214,0.000019622139,0.000022372466,0.00002986507,0.000010505409],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907684,0.000056120036,0.0003385025,0.00018044784,0.00021497537,0.00013309596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878234,0.00078824325,0.000060287883,0.00021646736,0.00012439162,0.000028247816],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039571035,0.00019478743,0.00026182033,0.00025177991,0.00005282998,0.000047712838,0.00012072641,0.00007969654,0.000006796554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032867785,0.000139593,0.000056516194,0.00031513482,0.00007319444,0.00018615025,0.00004142857,0.00019102555,0.0000016536811],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00050966366,0.00023485406,0.0020722575,0.0037965619,0.0017570138,0.000046731606,0.023092404,0.1881223,0.27958894,0.0386456,0.0020928415,0.46004084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003789581,0.00020767802,0.0018894271,0.00088396115,0.000079727026,0.0000031222219,0.0002106839,0.95876,0.0371984,0.00010846847,0.00013854438,0.0001410241],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008055391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025744617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9122645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005741642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022052152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5692437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405535765","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.158577","title":"Robust pore-resolved CFD through porous monoliths reconstructed by micro-computed tomography: From digitization to flow prediction","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Digitization; Porosity; Computational fluid dynamics; Computed tomography; Porous medium; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Tomography; Mechanics; Computer science; Composite material; Optics; Physics; Computer vision; Radiology","score_opus":0.010053090896413265,"score_gpt":0.19444393812708283,"score_spread":0.18439084723066956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405535765","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24716626,0.0029702454,0.7456726,0.00012456407,0.0018323602,0.00016048705,0.00022259941,0.0016658728,0.00018503226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.888978,0.000109083274,0.10907825,0.000058753816,0.0012369892,0.000018694027,0.00033666255,0.0001514832,0.000032106607],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849087,0.0000089957875,0.00055269216,0.00029812736,0.0002613301,0.00038798896],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935293,0.00012495524,0.000032950134,0.00017668409,0.00010287895,0.00020958328],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007635572,0.0003142072,0.0002998963,0.00018225363,0.000067449866,0.0003023678,0.00017409088,0.00017580065,0.00004886841],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007303821,0.00032113222,0.00012654529,0.0005748772,0.000023634468,0.0004614004,0.00004553489,0.0005448816,0.000022862198],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001060434,0.0000139259755,0.00014160029,0.00006908427,0.0003470451,0.000029631654,0.0005221273,0.7938811,0.18637341,0.000017186467,0.012761961,0.0058322814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004596702,0.000018732668,0.000431728,0.00041548396,0.00008115217,0.00013812508,0.000034561526,0.91487426,0.07251686,0.00018335554,0.010407219,0.00043888667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000531536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.985329e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6418117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023842967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019777366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406032195","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.00620","title":"A Novel Velocity Discretization for Lattice Boltzmann Method: Application to Compressible Flow","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discretization; Compressibility; HPP model; Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook operator; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Mathematics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Reynolds number","score_opus":0.06744222915416359,"score_gpt":0.24104380101979705,"score_spread":0.17360157186563346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406032195","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.013778615,0.00013733293,0.9804345,0.00013181935,0.0006146883,0.0013015181,0.00035090587,0.00089888356,0.0023517392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9319182,0.000043736225,0.06607106,0.000075065145,0.0002449198,0.00004332697,0.0002237717,0.0001092505,0.0012706697],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843526,0.00003393775,0.0002805398,0.00083050044,0.00010035047,0.0003194396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986335,0.00025645964,0.0000872179,0.00062877726,0.00025255504,0.00014146711],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025961632,0.00038238347,0.00041478177,0.00029487794,0.00014902477,0.00009955423,0.00040742508,0.00029023687,0.000012043213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005321709,0.0004560257,0.00018831487,0.0005868813,0.00003594889,0.00013323262,0.0007705814,0.00040350002,0.0001456664],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031881304,0.000027919592,0.0000667875,0.00070872443,0.00023768045,0.0000028937723,0.000397486,0.97339565,0.00042403367,0.022599736,0.0011059946,0.0010012168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038025138,0.000013847325,0.00046618463,0.00012962644,0.00035489982,7.2749725e-7,0.00009336319,0.9726649,0.00030330513,0.018878642,0.006233401,0.0004808598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005425932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000072889095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9181396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034025498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047564467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406103398","doi":"10.1063/5.0241118","title":"A multi-domain lattice Boltzmann mesh refinement method for non-Newtonian blood flow modeling","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Newtonian fluid; Non-Newtonian fluid; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Domain (mathematical analysis); Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.0269103299275246,"score_gpt":0.30577088639702027,"score_spread":0.27886055646949565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406103398","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.019075496,0.0004033066,0.9778219,0.00015781939,0.0002667686,0.00046921728,0.00005623363,0.00018041173,0.0015688871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.27418774,0.000041687534,0.7250838,0.0000971226,0.00013828713,0.00013405312,0.000020292231,0.000053165335,0.00024380839],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870414,0.000023877365,0.00046814966,0.00027810116,0.0002017579,0.00032396225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990777,0.00022770125,0.000041431787,0.00036353033,0.00024029137,0.000049382532],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003202944,0.00025826032,0.0004471587,0.0000962038,0.000114594106,0.000026123485,0.00019737425,0.000074111114,0.0000044795192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004958075,0.0002719491,0.0001842337,0.0003012398,0.00002573206,0.00015327669,0.000095440846,0.00012342636,0.000006925129],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030060632,0.00019854211,0.00012160225,0.00082902954,0.000962807,0.0000010049233,0.001608158,0.9008987,0.083006404,0.004766158,0.0007743024,0.006803248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017473714,0.000029676563,0.00006618993,0.00011480309,0.00027303086,1.9907516e-7,0.00015544471,0.98083305,0.0117770955,0.0038188838,0.0009471869,0.00023705348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021141712,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009617421,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25511223,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005326477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003419471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406159982","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105131","title":"A physics-inspired neural network to model higher order hydrodynamic interactions in heterogeneous suspensions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Order (exchange); Statistical physics; Physics; Mechanics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.02304846118374327,"score_gpt":0.3118927342377788,"score_spread":0.28884427305403554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406159982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7895824,0.00026206844,0.20038751,0.0021004248,0.0059300447,0.00023031612,0.000028545395,0.000103886545,0.0013748528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98508257,0.000019658542,0.013465891,0.00058334135,0.0004069506,0.000009200725,0.000006962021,0.000024518698,0.0004009367],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877167,0.000027411159,0.00057338015,0.00013104391,0.00029233765,0.00020417882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990425,0.00016785768,0.000088914065,0.00013159092,0.00049472967,0.00007440499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010034282,0.00017001636,0.00025065732,0.0003219051,0.000046020967,0.00005616717,0.00028817728,0.000035225185,0.000041700252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008120745,0.00016542988,0.00012677506,0.00032309993,0.000020438281,0.00028115822,0.00008438613,0.00027224727,0.000019050396],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009991162,0.00009128309,0.00080947496,0.0000039840097,0.00026542772,0.000077063385,0.00018668264,0.9897835,0.0012589417,0.00009556405,0.0023700446,0.00495811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013060424,0.000014615227,0.0010744024,0.0001369408,0.000027653521,0.00001965783,0.000013633857,0.9946178,0.00015096513,0.00065816264,0.0018485431,0.0001315861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010524262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017235025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19550018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030953786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045941804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67460346},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406202911","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5090483","title":"Lethe 1.0: An Open-Source High-Performance and High-Order Computational Fluid Dynamics Software for Single and Multiphase Flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphysics; Computer science; Software; Computational science; Computational fluid dynamics; Open source software; Open source; Finite element method; Supercomputer; Distributed computing; Parallel computing; Aerospace engineering; Engineering; Operating system","score_opus":0.012132845673480594,"score_gpt":0.2560098114337977,"score_spread":0.2438769657603171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406202911","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48180568,0.0022252095,0.51452965,0.00018533807,0.00038990998,0.00053805026,0.00012596461,0.00015775538,0.000042447115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9629688,0.0018619598,0.03390109,0.00007455033,0.0002631408,0.000054999866,0.00024940236,0.00008897573,0.0005370278],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977046,0.000054183714,0.0004866512,0.0004148032,0.0002265379,0.0011131865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885124,0.00027337938,0.00015176502,0.0002383854,0.00038428445,0.00010096978],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007363638,0.00041357864,0.00050784595,0.00019471737,0.0004468385,0.0003529861,0.00040205926,0.00023542713,0.0000044784224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010249819,0.0004122254,0.000041725925,0.00014061306,0.00006570243,0.00038846896,0.00048742778,0.0016152487,0.000001379959],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006404267,0.0000575918,0.0003304213,0.00022323198,0.00048094528,8.856353e-7,0.00025267844,0.9373117,0.000041945797,0.0039103203,0.000050149934,0.057276096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023092185,0.00024850052,0.00070462463,0.00016428802,0.00017172497,0.00007251438,0.000280877,0.95720315,0.000025708454,0.037697125,0.0006118214,0.00051045604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058542737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00060389197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48116317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00096096453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006841469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406446687","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)83250-x","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)83250-x","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Laminar flow; Stability (learning theory); Mechanics; Materials science; Environmental science; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.00838581042031031,"score_gpt":0.18357342505008317,"score_spread":0.17518761462977286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406446687","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004437307,0.00014558602,0.000006711662,0.000079832906,0.0000031506436,0.00013610041,0.00001006026,0.0006422559,0.9985326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00091233855,5.610431e-7,0.00018947035,0.000020499912,0.00015429543,0.000016749596,0.0000072184075,0.000043306114,0.99865556],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925196,0.0000121523435,0.00017725347,0.00014880809,0.0001587729,0.0002510339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995625,0.000056494275,0.000009851178,0.00024197216,0.00003543727,0.000093744784],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069426686,0.00015254252,0.00017573869,0.00006182169,0.000061042956,0.000034662076,0.00012997777,0.00005177924,0.9972678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018309296,0.00015319818,0.000046769965,0.00019219499,0.00001855594,0.00011906803,0.000028210057,0.00008842548,0.9993453],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016543856,0.0000146154,9.47474e-8,0.000015432292,0.000062370316,0.0000043462956,0.00007622599,0.053104125,0.000015941272,0.0000014666234,0.5439563,0.40273255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018927555,0.000022550928,0.000036837988,0.0000113226515,0.000018038436,0.0000019006568,0.0000015402288,0.0063089184,0.00007205225,0.0000068786276,0.99313337,0.00019733164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046606438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9815164e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44917706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045406778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005282011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62472403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406446956","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)82618-5","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)82618-5","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.008377081457179492,"score_gpt":0.18354476968177752,"score_spread":0.17516768822459802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406446956","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003837554,0.00014765053,0.0000070981932,0.000077952165,0.0000032867806,0.00013596095,0.000010237932,0.00064915617,0.9985849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00088439777,5.611298e-7,0.00017982496,0.000020871339,0.00015342707,0.00001707152,0.0000069670627,0.000044332126,0.9986926],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925137,0.000012213643,0.00017757565,0.00014915022,0.00015808594,0.00025162488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955654,0.00005696907,0.000009869374,0.00024666038,0.000035012115,0.000094919706],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006982082,0.00015281996,0.00017593575,0.000062272455,0.00006058019,0.000033856562,0.00013028123,0.000051829946,0.99711764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001899553,0.0001546677,0.00004710379,0.00018892893,0.000018033605,0.00011936601,0.000028272148,0.00008921142,0.99937207],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015775619,0.000013715716,9.150513e-8,0.000014650193,0.000059076516,0.0000040696364,0.0000786185,0.05768334,0.0000130373155,0.0000015360034,0.5606772,0.3814389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018946773,0.000021876014,0.000037442464,0.000011178785,0.000017708817,0.0000018662311,0.0000016239355,0.007120802,0.00006339662,0.0000072088933,0.9923301,0.00019736696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000047121616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1012316e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43165287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046748853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005296517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63071656},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406532788","doi":"10.1016/0967-0653(95)90663-j","title":"10.1016/0967-0653(95)90663-j","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.00823116886901551,"score_gpt":0.18063894124945,"score_spread":0.1724077723804345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406532788","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007742886,0.00026278288,0.0000064446212,0.00007035181,0.0000035453331,0.00013986285,0.0000118106145,0.0006763257,0.99805456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0016759733,8.556857e-7,0.00017446576,0.000022469148,0.00015056883,0.00001760715,0.000008728235,0.000045273613,0.99790406],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992389,0.0000120706745,0.00018073346,0.00015197624,0.00015955782,0.00025673612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954885,0.000058726426,0.000009966615,0.00025018063,0.00003559759,0.00009667505],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006997933,0.00015514417,0.00017211698,0.000049363447,0.00006290531,0.00003450082,0.0001320509,0.000052139254,0.9926569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018907744,0.00015732592,0.000047612535,0.00019598177,0.000018281471,0.0001226728,0.000028302406,0.00008943147,0.9976505],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015938127,0.000015421378,3.1388407e-7,0.000016324997,0.00006315689,0.0000045120014,0.00008035998,0.0696019,0.000027321983,0.0000018173857,0.46992913,0.46024382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018171355,0.000022483246,0.00006842775,0.000011098289,0.000017378692,0.0000021002195,0.0000016306583,0.009124495,0.000057712747,0.0000070662377,0.99030477,0.0002011408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004235498,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7470282e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5203756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004570118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052810733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64155644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406584995","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)84745-5","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)84745-5","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Bead; Flow (mathematics); Statistical physics; Computer science; Materials science; Mechanics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.008373938457022298,"score_gpt":0.18355750338366517,"score_spread":0.17518356492664286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406584995","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00040786224,0.00015178575,0.000006831495,0.000078134115,0.000003246703,0.00013636895,0.000010373222,0.0006495897,0.9985558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0009109049,5.798911e-7,0.00018355796,0.000020821899,0.00015503942,0.00001708531,0.0000069626944,0.000044362387,0.9986607],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992511,0.00001231217,0.00017770678,0.00014924126,0.00015787348,0.00025171056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955666,0.000057123212,0.00000986898,0.00024669885,0.000034655983,0.000094996525],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007016099,0.00015287241,0.00017603149,0.000061254854,0.00006054487,0.000033757344,0.0001303442,0.00005177487,0.9972399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018793402,0.00015473417,0.000047110465,0.00019172016,0.000017993561,0.00011934089,0.000028266786,0.0000891221,0.9993671],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016258624,0.000014108641,9.5998196e-8,0.000015251046,0.0000615798,0.0000041824596,0.000082474144,0.05532091,0.00001453628,0.0000015157555,0.5529269,0.3915422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019005223,0.000021892232,0.000039533286,0.000011124334,0.000017471615,0.0000018373923,0.0000016193743,0.006466024,0.000064476495,0.000007034268,0.9929813,0.00019760458],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004651585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1103143e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44005445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045854085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053227304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6309876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406785163","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2501.13108","title":"Physics-Informed Neural Networks for microflows: Rarefied Gas Dynamics in Cylinder Arrays","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Gas dynamics; Dynamics (music); Cylinder; Artificial neural network; Physics; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Acoustics","score_opus":0.03774312257949377,"score_gpt":0.28088346827062843,"score_spread":0.24314034569113466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406785163","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.864944,0.0011270806,0.12160865,0.00033010842,0.0039616628,0.0018204738,0.00020966424,0.00083751924,0.005160868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99630356,0.00024307822,0.0012538164,0.00023800705,0.00055416115,0.00032505576,0.0004853142,0.00008817121,0.0005088123],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998076,0.00002479738,0.00068050553,0.00047198305,0.00015556358,0.00059114816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99861234,0.00041585605,0.00013202817,0.0006239585,0.00014855656,0.00006726997],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014712456,0.00053653494,0.0007062467,0.00016789668,0.0000932947,0.000064311454,0.00038721279,0.00045628278,0.000008327497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000708749,0.0005802643,0.00026716845,0.00026340666,0.000053241652,0.00015616299,0.00042562475,0.0008955105,0.000015493884],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003055132,0.000022573544,0.07141344,0.0005380112,0.00026590077,0.0000030083643,0.00042969303,0.9245373,0.000012493678,0.0001679871,0.0006723051,0.0019067533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096132176,0.000010257971,0.01396132,0.00021644153,0.000105257066,4.2529484e-7,0.00020468651,0.98269355,0.00009495497,0.00055467157,0.0006571917,0.00053992966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031537154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033765475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13135962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006892902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008169273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996649},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406807904","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25613","title":"High fidelity numerical simulation of ethylene epoxidation packed bed","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ethylene; Packed bed; Fidelity; Materials science; Computer science; Environmental science; Simulation; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.010433919991605242,"score_gpt":0.22823689112853773,"score_spread":0.21780297113693248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406807904","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9646144,0.00047009936,0.033755455,0.00049189123,0.0004256616,0.00008083954,0.0000066813773,0.000034946635,0.000120023156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990002,0.0000023348323,0.0008490617,0.000038009242,0.000084566476,0.0000012841091,0.0000025982292,0.000014373201,0.0000075567264],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912804,0.000013152476,0.00047277016,0.000057548245,0.00015239153,0.0001760703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991519,0.00030039684,0.00008062354,0.00013892566,0.00020812015,0.000120033415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023905482,0.00011254054,0.00024412575,0.0001571257,0.000036290083,0.000020652731,0.00016487962,0.00007858188,0.000019925128],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00046185573,0.000094015086,0.00007957354,0.00031421654,0.000037531292,0.000108519656,0.000011302907,0.00026029345,0.0000017422017],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005630369,0.000002366866,0.00013208219,0.000039670398,0.00008522009,0.000001955281,0.00015263064,0.9723847,0.025658738,0.00070920907,0.00015216655,0.00067563995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060223695,0.000014890201,0.0030973721,0.00017124931,0.00010113999,0.0000062412946,0.000024127987,0.82453096,0.16870683,0.0011770381,0.0013742154,0.00019366608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023079154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003735299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1478537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022284465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010863129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3833824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406826340","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2025.106122","title":"A fully cell-based immersed smoothed finite element method with the mean value coordinate projection using quadrilateral elements for fluid-structure interaction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Quadrilateral; Finite element method; Projection (relational algebra); Mathematical analysis; Fluid–structure interaction; Mathematics; Coordinate system; Geometry; Physics; Algorithm","score_opus":0.009165707161876495,"score_gpt":0.27114979377451637,"score_spread":0.2619840866126399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406826340","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22294648,0.0000781163,0.7754411,0.000090260146,0.00022994964,0.0008727125,0.000056648605,0.00023078662,0.000053923588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93888175,0.0000033640508,0.060299285,0.00009729803,0.000063641004,0.00019748014,0.00018652652,0.000079119214,0.00019151861],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977696,0.000083254105,0.00065488886,0.00048947573,0.00045185935,0.00055092137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988268,0.00021299666,0.00020996403,0.00045098262,0.0002357122,0.00006354591],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053476496,0.0005112673,0.00054430176,0.0008129538,0.00046866978,0.0002635583,0.00021689692,0.00008005908,0.00003525233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019655927,0.00037190635,0.0002019892,0.0017913838,0.000034405326,0.00027994756,0.000041001196,0.00027065174,0.0000012909477],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020402439,0.00003464035,0.0043260185,0.0002137433,0.0049851723,0.0000022623135,0.0005261647,0.9841461,0.0049229367,0.00002576611,0.000096134245,0.00051704264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002117342,0.00012648394,0.0013768267,0.00009392515,0.0030015267,9.278728e-7,0.0005031504,0.9783438,0.0074774846,0.000008529993,0.006533585,0.00041642605],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008684623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017852735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7159353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00054706057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008848944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407078708","doi":"10.1007/s10237-024-01920-9","title":"Transient flow-induced deformation of cancer cells in microchannels: a general computational model and experiments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; Queen Mary University of London","keywords":"Transient (computer programming); Deformation (meteorology); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Computational fluid dynamics; Computer science; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.03730648906423371,"score_gpt":0.2886570512383299,"score_spread":0.2513505621740962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407078708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71934515,0.0009001307,0.27942565,0.000029814226,0.00012045417,0.00013732098,0.000014624664,0.000016308159,0.000010557205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9896716,0.0004929776,0.009708014,0.00005818406,0.0000048099805,0.00004038143,0.000011626628,0.000008512907,0.000003883842],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993071,0.000012363801,0.00032189864,0.00016139015,0.00004406598,0.00015320299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985117,0.000014322138,0.000025161675,0.000051870997,0.000039016028,0.000018481418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013077038,0.000116139214,0.00021484855,0.00031484326,0.00002476575,0.000005973475,0.0000430642,0.00011398002,9.647225e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016704773,0.00011758892,0.000017211483,0.00014326339,0.000007649345,0.000046655685,0.000039356688,0.000064927655,1.6034191e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000114017585,0.000011558808,0.0000068158784,0.000050543003,0.00001563261,1.7690624e-7,0.00082998635,0.73021454,0.26646635,0.0008371407,0.0000018142055,0.0015540692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006538697,0.000015320484,0.000005638331,0.000055761677,0.0000076128995,3.6672148e-7,0.00016047366,0.96598184,0.026626611,0.0063916235,0.0000038787675,0.00009703244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000076549884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007684637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27032647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006702137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021390024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4795137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407392153","doi":"10.1016/j.cpc.2025.109543","title":"GPU-native adaptive mesh refinement with application to lattice Boltzmann simulations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Physics Communications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Concordia University; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Adaptive mesh refinement; Computational science; Computer science; Parallel computing; Statistical physics; Lattice (music); Algorithm; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.029231405136825022,"score_gpt":0.28839659261693085,"score_spread":0.2591651874801058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407392153","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0020726807,0.00016824776,0.98009825,0.0014617497,0.000094524774,0.0007946301,0.000047499365,0.0005198704,0.014742532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8331059,0.000025220246,0.16574982,0.00047802544,0.00007689459,0.00026217202,0.00010223445,0.00003236163,0.00016738102],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989578,0.00006318547,0.00031811465,0.00026013088,0.00018299442,0.00021776477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971751,0.00049614,0.000064001935,0.0017172438,0.0004792654,0.0000682586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000079827296,0.00023203451,0.0002453811,0.00014062744,0.00041495977,0.000074964504,0.0006548798,0.000045198205,0.0000040329483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010210491,0.00023589318,0.000050623476,0.0010250937,0.000100344885,0.00024537146,0.0004960296,0.00022478112,0.00007558915],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009757643,0.00014126752,0.00037101036,0.00002445214,0.0003325259,1.720376e-7,0.0017776961,0.78595495,0.00011336859,0.18970947,0.002655395,0.01890993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038159866,0.00003699516,0.004525352,0.00007233544,0.000085535765,2.391729e-7,0.00011312214,0.96474344,0.000087879205,0.004635482,0.025060888,0.00025715132],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001696451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009286417,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83103323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018071606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003994347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96194446},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407405787","doi":"10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108155","title":"Pore-scale evaluation on hydrothermal performance in a microtube with homogeneous microporous media by lattice Boltzmann method","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Results in Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"King Khalid University","keywords":"Microporous material; Homogeneous; Hydrothermal circulation; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Materials science; Scale (ratio); Lattice (music); Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.01252015269999107,"score_gpt":0.2709670836859904,"score_spread":0.2584469309859993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407405787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97703433,0.0006715744,0.0022750227,0.00012677454,0.00020081355,0.0007238712,0.00007798417,0.00014884405,0.018740807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958585,0.00009073489,0.0034688525,0.00010670325,0.000082146886,0.00008443565,0.00008096583,0.000043241747,0.00018442028],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984552,0.0000977701,0.0004240581,0.00034366216,0.00034617967,0.00033312937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999121,0.00033070322,0.00006488912,0.00035751855,0.000093253955,0.00003263536],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005455839,0.00025397915,0.0003121163,0.00014103687,0.00005449416,0.00002759972,0.00016522095,0.00009642059,0.0000032459982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005094271,0.00023828259,0.000034048542,0.0006672404,0.00004925657,0.0001557716,0.000038383478,0.00028905296,0.000020271455],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035836548,0.00018183456,0.002316924,0.000133021,0.00008052067,0.000012202621,0.0032088675,0.9144642,0.003814824,0.000104485836,0.0007791057,0.07454566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0082140565,0.0001430038,0.038995698,0.0006532504,0.00012182222,0.0000069024645,0.00039696702,0.8738474,0.07039367,0.00065600965,0.005755537,0.0008156367],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003842247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013993132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07373002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030191816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005048409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9716882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407633347","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12223","title":"10.17305/bb.2025.12223","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Test (biology); Biology; Botany","score_opus":0.009015576994740733,"score_gpt":0.19103622239734902,"score_spread":0.1820206454026083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407633347","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0031146014,0.00014562115,0.0000071532927,0.0000955058,0.0000062025138,0.00012025393,0.000008353107,0.0006147243,0.9958876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0057897144,8.4175286e-7,0.00017790555,0.00003821724,0.000117307936,0.000014099357,0.000005639099,0.000035893387,0.99382037],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993574,0.00000967939,0.00015180766,0.00012828523,0.0001351638,0.00021763529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996141,0.000054023316,0.0000073771535,0.0002156449,0.00002973058,0.00007908798],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059285223,0.00012806969,0.0001466593,0.000056503137,0.00005208117,0.000027747314,0.000109507106,0.000041888838,0.97280186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016102978,0.00013098175,0.00003905079,0.00017840971,0.000013945439,0.00009556202,0.000024739837,0.0000663204,0.9845644],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002000421,0.000019058949,0.0000015823925,0.00002101852,0.00008202867,0.0000066785997,0.00010009418,0.12038528,0.000106501255,0.0000039904453,0.39316002,0.48609376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016452072,0.000018267336,0.0002120256,0.000009252762,0.000014012797,0.0000013167108,0.0000012570424,0.009097915,0.00007009202,0.000006112044,0.9902418,0.0001633782],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033927406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.1674221e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59708184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038461545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047333706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53412807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407706292","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12229","title":"10.17305/bb.2025.12229","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Test (biology); Environmental science; Biology; Botany","score_opus":0.008818679111873794,"score_gpt":0.1903865724937084,"score_spread":0.18156789338183463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407706292","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0027694441,0.0002588643,0.000005007729,0.00008750331,0.000006058709,0.00011889364,0.0000078112325,0.0006021032,0.9961443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0074350047,8.27469e-7,0.00017107485,0.00003796396,0.0001148803,0.000013790129,0.0000053978006,0.000034758563,0.9921863],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993612,0.000009393857,0.0001502034,0.00012788751,0.00013435743,0.00021696808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996181,0.00005098816,0.0000073127912,0.00021504473,0.000029678444,0.000078889294],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004291094,0.00012814735,0.0001459741,0.00005582241,0.000051675226,0.00002767249,0.00010915065,0.00004177934,0.9729027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014768349,0.00013108827,0.000038504168,0.00017136318,0.000013922731,0.00009585041,0.000024488822,0.00006621757,0.98355913],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018595405,0.000018472998,0.0000014464939,0.000020346388,0.000079178186,0.000006520592,0.00012346983,0.1146434,0.00008747575,0.000004087692,0.51467556,0.37032142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016305596,0.000018239241,0.00019408095,0.000008897922,0.000014297288,0.0000013411575,0.0000017233608,0.008764937,0.00006330021,0.0000056033946,0.9906017,0.00016283004],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000032971086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.473039e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47592613,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037911355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046664454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5345624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407943190","doi":"10.1016/j.jmaa.2025.129410","title":"Existence and uniqueness of a time-periodic strong solution to incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in a time-periodic moving domain, describing the blood flow in an artificial heart","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Uniqueness; Mathematics; Compressibility; Domain (mathematical analysis); Navier–Stokes equations; Mathematical analysis; Flow (mathematics); Incompressible flow; Time domain; Mechanics; Geometry; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.03162753756708721,"score_gpt":0.28209664771741416,"score_spread":0.25046911015032697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407943190","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7480282,0.00026468132,0.2510987,0.0003148547,0.0000033413946,0.00018955732,0.000004860076,0.000009490913,0.00008632323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845467,0.00001900899,0.015322694,0.000020659427,0.000016818629,0.000052539428,0.0000018831632,0.000006012625,0.000013670697],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988158,0.000069658236,0.00069235056,0.0001163722,0.00017958134,0.00012625693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992075,0.00035144863,0.000105908744,0.00016638119,0.000112296286,0.00005646164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005912975,0.00010218834,0.0004039284,0.00043251383,0.00013815473,0.00008481454,0.00012783293,0.000041658437,0.000013908525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007285098,0.0000779453,0.00006964117,0.0011021589,0.00008641153,0.0001640634,0.00005249677,0.00013733467,0.0000019807335],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007719451,0.0014790158,0.035912957,0.00069489126,0.0015732299,0.000006261436,0.014894961,0.68281955,0.19679731,0.048318665,0.0000372921,0.017388685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037502838,0.000040990963,0.016935876,0.00040270493,0.00076074444,0.0000062220906,0.0014885437,0.9616097,0.0011741606,0.016993558,0.000041751784,0.00017068024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011102639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008217517,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2787902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036292746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026507154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3178517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407955651","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5158155","title":"Second-Order Ghost-Cell Immersed Boundary Methodology for Inviscid 3d Flows in Complex Geometries","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Inviscid flow; Immersed boundary method; Boundary (topology); Order (exchange); Physics; Mechanics; Geometry; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Economics","score_opus":0.047952223347605266,"score_gpt":0.3157214130234159,"score_spread":0.26776918967581065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407955651","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22227933,0.055811044,0.703325,0.0011659523,0.0045232014,0.0022981653,0.0003498369,0.00045298523,0.009794536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9004548,0.017367713,0.07003959,0.00072911265,0.0014825558,0.00038038526,0.00042789895,0.00032941063,0.008788539],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9953144,0.00022979472,0.0010091754,0.0004901095,0.00028150203,0.0026750234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99794555,0.0009892867,0.00026057003,0.00040845512,0.00031396004,0.00008215719],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00326998,0.00057422876,0.0010835547,0.0011671479,0.00025424385,0.00014043428,0.0005896743,0.0004866353,0.00015813338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034757965,0.00059961225,0.0003128434,0.0005772481,0.00009062967,0.00016060696,0.0003884244,0.004837095,0.000016100676],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006658381,0.00028883803,0.002867941,0.0031930197,0.00599957,0.00002459637,0.004884379,0.89903605,0.0037964026,0.015391888,0.007778192,0.0560733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012383523,0.000622208,0.0037838963,0.00042392922,0.0010087373,0.00019799678,0.00788111,0.18486832,0.0013049354,0.5141762,0.26965985,0.0036893091],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004543848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035123115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7141677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021151972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0026230528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99964553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408139049","doi":"10.1080/10618562.2025.2469498","title":"On the Invalidity of the Extended Navier-Stokes Equations to Compute Rarefied Gas Flows in a Cylinder Array","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of computational fluid dynamics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cylinder; Navier–Stokes equations; Physics; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Compressibility; Geometry","score_opus":0.02186921029075011,"score_gpt":0.28479093037730085,"score_spread":0.26292172008655074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408139049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54273134,0.0001817431,0.44544128,0.0076515656,0.0028683622,0.0002154597,0.00011142423,0.00003844616,0.00076035666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967456,0.000014149142,0.0026157154,0.00035480247,0.0001909045,0.000006270069,0.000017501277,0.000021862843,0.000033217126],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980123,0.00008948649,0.00072168617,0.000114573486,0.000938465,0.00012345849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971586,0.0019267589,0.00011533461,0.0001224078,0.0006331998,0.00004371023],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005029062,0.00015212737,0.00020152962,0.00033292823,0.000058175934,0.00009845059,0.0005337154,0.00004570521,0.000031836702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032055887,0.00010062825,0.00017641691,0.0003929835,0.00005049999,0.00019043598,0.000071089584,0.00032833405,0.000020223437],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027195356,0.00004302009,0.0001447473,0.000012186967,0.00022694141,0.000009414198,0.0007070495,0.9242301,0.00020361414,0.07195446,0.0006867722,0.0017544898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031259382,0.000029519852,0.007724132,0.00027156272,0.00002034269,0.000028006338,0.00009377571,0.9471557,0.000109969,0.04374779,0.00040698814,0.00009959251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005522103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005242648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4540142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003847608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013104102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41035008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408407580","doi":"10.1063/5.0255862","title":"A novel velocity discretization for lattice Boltzmann method: Application to compressible flow","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Discretization; Compressibility; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Compressible flow; HPP model; Incompressible flow; Flow (mathematics); Classical mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Reynolds number; Turbulence","score_opus":0.022337808890200754,"score_gpt":0.3121654015330007,"score_spread":0.28982759264279995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408407580","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.003071732,0.00009538787,0.9936175,0.00018409044,0.00013855942,0.0005536021,0.00007478294,0.00016371702,0.002100683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.59404075,0.0000084014555,0.40516827,0.00013488263,0.00013383296,0.00025707457,0.0000700442,0.000033434593,0.00015330027],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927956,0.000010518762,0.00025076646,0.00017955342,0.0001299384,0.00014965872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919957,0.00024081179,0.000032272477,0.0002627592,0.00023208393,0.000032528646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014268562,0.00013107709,0.00023348886,0.00006305137,0.00007714439,0.00001890278,0.00014093575,0.000044811088,0.0000015843492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052301926,0.0001405871,0.00006414019,0.000412736,0.000019831275,0.00014484418,0.000059015783,0.00005242064,0.000007327433],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027717642,0.0000745003,0.00020758748,0.00044200337,0.00015264474,2.009586e-8,0.00071801094,0.78323114,0.12344457,0.05301566,0.0018446518,0.036841493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045415873,0.000013103728,0.0023360257,0.000042997784,0.00007119798,4.9633073e-8,0.00003606462,0.94481796,0.039207347,0.0067100096,0.0061694826,0.00014163027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013510768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004037999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.590969,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047639376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015325757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57329756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408510533","doi":"10.1063/5.0261217","title":"Lattice Boltzmann modeling of evaporation of porous media considering conjugate heat transfer","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"ETH Zürich Foundation; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Heat transfer; Evaporation; Conjugate; Mechanics; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.028531063307171638,"score_gpt":0.26024523033480695,"score_spread":0.2317141670276353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408510533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85947233,0.0010168409,0.13593963,0.000038666898,0.00019340724,0.00015905825,0.000032325614,0.00007936029,0.003068387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987977,0.000098405195,0.0010073395,0.0000150779515,0.000036942954,0.000005713517,0.00001113439,0.000021087144,0.000006610229],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998962,0.000018338367,0.00054646604,0.00012426791,0.00021269344,0.00013624561],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922985,0.00020037079,0.000018765655,0.00022909748,0.0002991452,0.00002274493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000138044,0.00014515257,0.00041841847,0.00008227619,0.000026386313,0.0000054971265,0.00009383266,0.000054412707,0.000005275283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042054962,0.00015718657,0.00008339338,0.00024345741,0.00007667823,0.00020575807,0.000028249193,0.0000841195,0.0000017185804],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020265825,0.00003636493,0.00044079512,0.00058395223,0.0002060814,4.1575228e-7,0.002228343,0.8316235,0.15075667,0.013395364,0.000029907656,0.0006783258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006029711,0.000019423565,0.00026963567,0.00017755346,0.0001379366,2.084998e-7,0.0002566761,0.77755994,0.2153001,0.0055193054,0.000022923768,0.00013334783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039205966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007859143,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13932535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002270984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033149474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64098823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408613160","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.113928","title":"An accurate immersed boundary method using radial-basis functions for incompressible flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Physics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Higher Education Commision, Pakistan; Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","keywords":"Radial basis function; Immersed boundary method; Compressibility; Incompressible flow; Basis (linear algebra); Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Physics; Mathematics; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Computer science","score_opus":0.03715043554396089,"score_gpt":0.3535815927863347,"score_spread":0.3164311572423738,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408613160","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07052488,0.00021385509,0.92785186,0.00008877824,0.00085775694,0.000114528426,0.000027638334,0.000039049504,0.00028166326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.77645254,0.000004309467,0.22285964,0.00011402866,0.0005045721,0.0000038940443,0.000015883661,0.000021388314,0.000023745555],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990894,0.000047477275,0.000438916,0.00008806282,0.0002065195,0.0001295864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985751,0.000563886,0.00016399435,0.00008650488,0.0005599921,0.000050514078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022701584,0.00012736366,0.00026661542,0.00015228313,0.00021222794,0.00008932008,0.00011361858,0.00003842373,0.0000060534853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027620948,0.00012619558,0.00015004487,0.00031171576,0.000023700872,0.00055717374,0.000015941849,0.00014175616,0.0000020988477],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039009123,0.00004488156,0.000098993405,0.00004626502,0.00032060753,8.226028e-7,0.00015659501,0.9875423,0.0013791571,0.0010509575,0.0011809802,0.008139465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008858378,0.000033242934,0.0017035143,0.000044290515,0.00013982174,0.000004277578,0.00010960655,0.95479655,0.00043774516,0.03916354,0.0025697136,0.0001118614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001889165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.115714e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70592767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011657085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018492335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51461065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408704205","doi":"10.1016/j.jocs.2025.102575","title":"Physics-informed neural networks for microflows: Rarefied gas dynamics in cylinder arrays","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Computational Science","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; European Research Council","keywords":"Dynamics (music); Gas dynamics; Physics; Artificial neural network; Cylinder; Statistical physics; Computer science; Mechanics; Artificial intelligence; Mechanical engineering; Acoustics; Engineering","score_opus":0.014932877573920554,"score_gpt":0.2886436959321828,"score_spread":0.2737108183582623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408704205","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24108583,0.00014022575,0.75656736,0.00038263682,0.0007252069,0.000120682394,0.0000029418222,0.000019877314,0.00095525687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98664737,0.000008122545,0.013070573,0.00015152116,0.00009598785,0.0000024747762,0.0000023484365,0.000005243546,0.000016388158],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909,0.0000073118335,0.0003947501,0.0000785369,0.00023965193,0.0001897109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989931,0.00041922648,0.00010385509,0.000050407998,0.00039297057,0.000040443316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034481383,0.00008527623,0.00016407063,0.00020897202,0.00010496614,0.000067567074,0.00021193603,0.000025864707,0.0000015832646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008000675,0.00007659056,0.000060497267,0.00067216327,0.000105943305,0.00045832578,0.000028736598,0.00013582275,6.591263e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015750216,0.000011364932,0.0015374143,0.000014804578,0.00001779503,7.8647207e-7,0.00012460728,0.9900709,0.000037645124,0.0031371485,0.00020193189,0.0048298775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006154779,0.000016577225,0.011470239,0.00003820057,0.000009086692,0.0000039533406,0.00012421474,0.9764812,0.00004045889,0.011035823,0.0000942851,0.00007051196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.282335e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000855014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74556154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039338882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017329364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3123272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409564769","doi":"10.1111/cgf.70033","title":"A unified multi‐scale method for simulating immersed bubbles","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Graphics Forum","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Scale (ratio); Computational science; Physics","score_opus":0.023939621974572053,"score_gpt":0.3031567600345073,"score_spread":0.27921713805993525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409564769","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004727962,0.0003239147,0.9921736,0.0003187917,0.00093229633,0.0004556873,0.000017140645,0.0005294679,0.00052113796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.514616,0.000021144439,0.48397556,0.00080202625,0.000114986025,0.00005617694,0.000026361158,0.000058040583,0.0003296933],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988647,0.00002933414,0.00034668104,0.00026512874,0.00010858911,0.00038555477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988132,0.0006515828,0.00004250653,0.00029107404,0.00015170296,0.00004989509],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022845481,0.00022310548,0.0003065151,0.00027750997,0.0002228736,0.00006341371,0.00019358801,0.00011341048,0.0000022420882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025190464,0.00022799015,0.00017670805,0.0004800559,0.000038448696,0.00011826283,0.00012236193,0.00014588084,0.000004305183],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003969143,0.00009017862,0.011995533,0.0006112311,0.0008356324,0.000002904951,0.0011132921,0.8448592,0.0010756642,0.091819905,0.011246672,0.036310103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001133479,0.000018787752,0.0021963476,0.00005666763,0.000048717564,4.4917655e-7,0.00012622157,0.9733743,0.0004457555,0.0036141824,0.018760089,0.00022500225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000947927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000060868,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50988805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032730375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019059233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9297168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409594889","doi":"10.1016/j.cpc.2025.109637","title":"A multi-domain lattice Boltzmann method for mesh refinement with curved boundary interfaces","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Physics Communications","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Domain (mathematical analysis); Boundary (topology); Lattice (music); Computer science; Statistical physics; Physics; Geometry; Computational science; Mathematics; Mechanics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.047478011598737706,"score_gpt":0.3340890257274221,"score_spread":0.2866110141286844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409594889","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0009105097,0.00091867405,0.99364847,0.001142806,0.00018806745,0.0005975725,0.000036591275,0.00042908065,0.0021282407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07502587,0.000073110285,0.9238575,0.00030953647,0.00006133783,0.00031314764,0.000082068196,0.000038934562,0.00023848363],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901456,0.00010300881,0.00032526336,0.00022177858,0.000108407294,0.00022698475],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975576,0.0007368695,0.0000670135,0.0013311898,0.00026804503,0.0000393308],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023094127,0.00022553786,0.0002977322,0.00008112387,0.00041724433,0.00013169354,0.00067822455,0.000044609667,0.000002404764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011472151,0.00021589278,0.00007802757,0.00035807013,0.00011985972,0.00020520583,0.0005161005,0.00020768192,0.000013830997],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014436632,0.0019269409,0.0022198353,0.0014850026,0.006589186,0.0000022613572,0.017933737,0.46572712,0.0029918256,0.2369188,0.053121235,0.21093969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010065844,0.000032403117,0.0009981769,0.00011717229,0.00009363902,5.257193e-7,0.00015300576,0.9214824,0.00012700222,0.003321991,0.07243643,0.00023071194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011007303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007577099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45575523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098237346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004301187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8803852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409681133","doi":"10.1088/1361-6544/adca81","title":"The incompressible Navier–Stokes limit from the discrete-velocity BGK Boltzmann equation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nonlinearity","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Mathematics; Limit (mathematics); Compressibility; Boltzmann equation; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.02709183849751663,"score_gpt":0.283468695762781,"score_spread":0.2563768572652644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409681133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8603709,0.012690527,0.07087158,0.012679288,0.0037308945,0.0013802515,0.0003927488,0.0015910461,0.036292806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968272,0.00026440038,0.0014571436,0.00031504457,0.000358484,0.000041364892,0.000058144597,0.00002147791,0.0006567281],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987957,0.000096713484,0.00034401126,0.00021217529,0.0002807549,0.0002706278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977704,0.0014498901,0.000055091365,0.0005627726,0.00012499258,0.000036846017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003905676,0.000195147,0.00020038629,0.000027431177,0.0007578965,0.00018946224,0.0004211781,0.00010368797,0.000019999585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003175718,0.000118689204,0.00009212671,0.00030239415,0.00014282743,0.00019272679,0.0002170678,0.00040355534,0.000073557385],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003005274,0.0003656454,0.26709095,0.00033115226,0.0026237369,0.000012747248,0.007696248,0.35672873,0.0018051338,0.028836226,0.090682596,0.24352631],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004936877,0.000008974056,0.2182066,0.00006644007,0.00009316537,2.3151125e-7,0.00035672289,0.6216611,0.00087802164,0.0062821764,0.15171339,0.00023947902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028623219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073485996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26493236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008460774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040441475,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5829204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409908625","doi":"10.1029/2024jf007937","title":"Discrete Simulations of Fluid‐Driven Transport of Naturally Shaped Sediment Particles","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory; Army Research Laboratory","keywords":"Sediment transport; Sediment; Environmental science; Geology; Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.03550516584885544,"score_gpt":0.34572041035985906,"score_spread":0.31021524451100363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409908625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971563,0.0005086119,0.0013309703,0.0003490802,0.00008359441,0.00016955155,0.000026592637,0.000016464566,0.0003587919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998033,0.00009285343,0.0015888466,0.0000067190863,0.000045254073,8.117237e-7,0.0000015231091,0.000012954762,0.00021804443],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99788284,0.000111679554,0.0006755204,0.00010445305,0.0009365124,0.00028901148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99765325,0.0010804066,0.0001097774,0.0001670621,0.0008874403,0.000102074715],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005222157,0.000117871445,0.00042732767,0.00016963862,0.000067835834,0.000012805949,0.00022587246,0.00005580297,0.00003430255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023992629,0.00009584131,0.00017641363,0.0006620538,0.00018822109,0.00023568652,0.000051478837,0.00042531625,0.000006313906],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018025952,0.00014616954,0.015149327,0.00023469304,0.00043459883,0.0000093357085,0.0006997711,0.6773748,0.3039087,0.0010168644,0.00019653775,0.0006489591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016347257,0.000376142,0.53797454,0.0004586668,0.00010787848,0.0000010811885,0.0004247389,0.37339327,0.08210344,0.00194815,0.0013913848,0.00018600153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024136263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015967933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5228252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035432073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010591317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3908295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410084662","doi":"10.21105/jose.00252","title":"ARC4CFD: Learning how to leverage High-Performance Computing with Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Open Source Education","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Leverage (statistics); Computer science; Computational fluid dynamics; Computational science; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.010447512170051909,"score_gpt":0.27209111517576096,"score_spread":0.26164360300570905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410084662","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7513102,0.000072153736,0.2454501,0.0012937012,0.00044083776,0.00014760131,4.7855275e-7,0.000029984727,0.0012548876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9793264,0.0000071051977,0.018802563,0.00018077831,0.00015328341,0.0000031688187,0.0000070494098,0.000021504069,0.0014980937],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919295,0.00003627883,0.00030322306,0.00010098182,0.00022679883,0.0001397378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911356,0.00015299722,0.00016318724,0.000093387825,0.0004162371,0.000060655635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003357183,0.00012370278,0.00022414503,0.00024361192,0.00019488762,0.0002921874,0.00027666902,0.000031846535,0.000008658172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006832176,0.00011172225,0.000025335274,0.0003963484,0.000017990154,0.0005064263,0.00008545652,0.00024531735,0.000008383414],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024849385,0.000029537418,0.014827869,0.00005279765,0.000081741135,5.289721e-7,0.0011991566,0.95235044,0.00004600479,0.000290165,0.0016243303,0.02947259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009089123,0.000146357,0.19544284,0.00074470876,0.00007127099,0.0000399742,0.00421078,0.7866501,0.00020680125,0.00015377173,0.011143591,0.00028088046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009330395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000039260963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2280162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029879136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019050442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45559013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410306520","doi":"10.1063/5.0268110","title":"Deep learning-assisted prediction of viscoplastic flow in superhydrophobic channels","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Physics; Viscoplasticity; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Constitutive equation","score_opus":0.012495425872120904,"score_gpt":0.2344170202503662,"score_spread":0.2219215943782453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410306520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9037457,0.0005285158,0.092810676,0.000013291338,0.0004583671,0.00014598336,0.0000075943503,0.00012668723,0.002163165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99952346,0.000050745104,0.0002825122,0.0000033317322,0.000043674332,0.000012024818,0.000011010327,0.000014966843,0.00005827504],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932694,0.000019883104,0.00029170336,0.000105869905,0.00012973182,0.00012587951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996241,0.00012692747,0.0000246948,0.00012935919,0.00007969561,0.000015258572],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006659015,0.0001071995,0.0002498101,0.00011673125,0.000022567034,0.0000054745183,0.00007122992,0.000045130528,0.000007877004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004439305,0.00011569736,0.00005278231,0.00044782058,0.00004186192,0.000112276066,0.000035071458,0.00011189372,0.0000056501617],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010692718,0.00004705482,0.006334213,0.0002661057,0.00007817858,4.549333e-7,0.00077110657,0.9474157,0.041864205,0.00030875532,0.00004519198,0.0028583144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053265627,0.000038499384,0.022927588,0.00013679703,0.000035876146,1.505011e-7,0.00008030789,0.95813996,0.01739689,0.00054857606,0.000086641674,0.000076061515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009520307,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003280595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.095777735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045732897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012089863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47180012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410496029","doi":"10.1063/5.0268281","title":"Coupled phase-field lattice Boltzmann method and discrete element method for gas–liquid–solid multiphase flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Physics; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Multiphase flow; HPP model; Mechanics; Discrete element method; Lattice (music); Statistical physics; Two-phase flow; Condensed matter physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.024008463737303726,"score_gpt":0.3635698555794289,"score_spread":0.3395613918421252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410496029","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.029694196,0.00080579525,0.9671727,0.00030166766,0.00025542566,0.0006450132,0.00008839162,0.00016657676,0.000870234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.56596047,0.00016161847,0.4328236,0.00033250102,0.00023585545,0.000222945,0.000042249074,0.00007098259,0.00014979143],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858534,0.000052648487,0.00051223184,0.00031514547,0.00020144274,0.00033320955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997927,0.0013493852,0.00006582105,0.0003687343,0.00021575714,0.00007329227],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004903252,0.00028783057,0.0005643262,0.00009385821,0.0001181006,0.000032621454,0.00016566232,0.000079759935,0.000012243589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017139378,0.00028592377,0.00015169953,0.00024860917,0.000031359006,0.00021041937,0.00011006317,0.00013567237,0.0000027889937],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00093728723,0.00045485556,0.00010418801,0.0020715804,0.002342173,0.000003574316,0.0031205653,0.14226708,0.7072843,0.033924285,0.0036595343,0.1038306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029529214,0.00020602506,0.000015230657,0.000068384594,0.00030696337,3.5795452e-7,0.00011524912,0.8256838,0.16157168,0.004099722,0.0047355415,0.00024412926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023780325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067543124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6834167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004363363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025127692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411506529","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2025.136038","title":"Pore-scale simulation of oil-water flow in shale media after fracture hits: an integrated approach using U-net and lattice Boltzmann method","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing; China National Petroleum Corporation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Province","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Oil shale; Petroleum engineering; Scale (ratio); Net (polyhedron); Shale gas; Flow (mathematics); Lattice (music); Materials science; Environmental science; Geology; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.017442481401506796,"score_gpt":0.2805328784306341,"score_spread":0.26309039702912734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411506529","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7378541,0.0012943263,0.2576467,0.00004844146,0.00022448844,0.00020562677,0.000048416012,0.00017665555,0.0025012423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.939009,0.000016035687,0.06061124,0.000098526005,0.00005047666,0.000014673983,0.000076796205,0.000030114028,0.00009312607],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988825,0.00009610283,0.00037740578,0.00025837187,0.00015601501,0.00022962551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935377,0.00021840382,0.00003494841,0.00023696513,0.0001087098,0.000047200687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003434998,0.00020951178,0.00034308693,0.00025501128,0.000031817923,0.000033967557,0.000087605935,0.00017460292,0.000033855587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006377374,0.00017053846,0.000035970792,0.00030681764,0.000042022224,0.00034644382,0.00006116096,0.00021504967,0.0000023623627],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048888294,0.000043334952,0.004644821,0.00034873682,0.00005501682,0.000003546099,0.007641417,0.98307943,0.0005456699,0.000014314614,0.000019587324,0.003555236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005471422,0.000007651446,0.020462412,0.00007834837,0.00006540711,0.0000012289858,0.00081061025,0.97584605,0.00054593076,0.00036656306,0.0010843404,0.0001843216],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046401074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000086116466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2011549,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006169273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012959143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69543564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411618027","doi":"10.51847/wh6hxf2xxq","title":"10.51847/Wh6hxf2XXQ","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hydraulic jump; Jump; Geology; Mechanics; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Geometry; Mathematics; Physics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.008188002170521702,"score_gpt":0.18782864811775374,"score_spread":0.17964064594723203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411618027","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.002614485,0.00010543366,0.0000054545385,0.000092623704,0.0000040886616,0.00009802067,0.0000064656692,0.00056238705,0.99651104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0055180527,6.0696095e-7,0.00016638724,0.00004112664,0.00009366757,0.000010784176,0.000004010185,0.000030290801,0.9941351],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947155,0.000007197549,0.00012248449,0.00010353825,0.00011130369,0.00018390559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996831,0.000038696613,0.000005405231,0.00018082376,0.000022956461,0.00006901168],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045401495,0.0001051946,0.00011881145,0.000045179735,0.000042299842,0.000021775359,0.00008898246,0.000032957923,0.97673965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011243154,0.000106805936,0.00003079034,0.00014547822,0.000011257639,0.00008090566,0.000017228349,0.000051065526,0.98657775],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011168031,0.000009681893,6.7604327e-7,0.000009984135,0.000042301243,0.0000032832959,0.00005882093,0.087237105,0.000064182284,0.0000023805821,0.057731833,0.8548286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012644456,0.000015428443,0.00019372535,0.0000063592565,0.000010059785,0.0000013499216,7.962089e-7,0.007690711,0.000026874372,0.0000025686131,0.99178857,0.00013712904],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021023423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.5481174e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9340567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029533066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031530026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43554196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411969211","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121314","title":"Machine learning-driven pressure drop prediction in multiphase slurry hydrotransport","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powder Technology","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; Institute for Oil Sands Innovation, University of Alberta; Imperial Oil Limited","keywords":"Pressure drop; Slurry; Drop (telecommunication); Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Mechanics; Environmental science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.006646459999462441,"score_gpt":0.23238943149794525,"score_spread":0.2257429714984828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411969211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9472883,0.007434754,0.020203337,0.002029427,0.0008140188,0.00092570216,0.00006224424,0.00643585,0.0148064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99787116,0.00011952859,0.00039939687,0.00002912523,0.00001674632,0.00007476682,0.000019961946,0.000024689482,0.0014446457],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991396,0.000015024378,0.00027879706,0.00022780884,0.00008818698,0.00025055007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996458,0.000036840447,0.000025068,0.00023423153,0.000038495524,0.00001955291],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000677736,0.00016117025,0.00023129518,0.00059170346,0.00007246579,0.00000781334,0.00014793129,0.000259999,0.00005403792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049938906,0.00017073019,0.000034532066,0.0006518983,0.00007931427,0.000092218615,0.000048734688,0.00048339763,0.00003671782],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020360732,0.000076271295,0.50230527,0.00015782281,0.00021398535,0.00002689288,0.00037868854,0.48346788,0.0054506212,0.002073898,0.0005130076,0.005315285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017427073,0.000043665215,0.034108456,0.000084868036,0.000083241204,0.0000054550705,0.0001301998,0.8339258,0.002833573,0.0015619673,0.12523083,0.00024922536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001839004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006445954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4681968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048531096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011071733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6962175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412494826","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.03.003","title":"Computational fluid dynamics challenges in packed bed of rocks: a technical note on volume averaging method","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Storage and Saving","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Volume (thermodynamics); Dynamics (music); Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Geology; Statistical physics; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.014642971051973677,"score_gpt":0.26682853499692816,"score_spread":0.2521855639449545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412494826","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12924644,0.0041950955,0.85574776,0.0005355592,0.0002827643,0.00009377047,0.00000889053,0.00023764338,0.009652102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924218,0.00019021654,0.0071134316,0.000046202425,0.00002109956,0.000008520364,0.00000760825,0.000014156192,0.00017694714],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993069,0.00004284454,0.00023457539,0.00016510866,0.00011712268,0.0001334392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994637,0.00035058145,0.000026998741,0.00010900963,0.000027860762,0.000021862965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018164174,0.00011869976,0.00023132305,0.00021517285,0.000041829953,0.000011711941,0.000059744754,0.00006934719,0.0000024031306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054991942,0.00012571871,0.00003305945,0.00016264549,0.000022186192,0.000070582486,0.000057032732,0.000112524285,5.432622e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012332287,0.000020945867,0.00062801765,0.000066709195,0.00003477874,0.000008535743,0.00075769215,0.93299925,0.00042333076,0.011115109,0.000052871626,0.053880442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037064322,0.000016124277,0.010040329,0.00014510416,0.000012326227,0.0000015486501,0.00020494188,0.9857384,0.000089859896,0.0022032775,0.001050275,0.00012717383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034098557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022044907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8631754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014726698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016393598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.512666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412700049","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt25.167","title":"Visualization of Flow in a Control Valve with a Three-stage Perforated Cage via Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Fluid dynamics; Visualization; Cage; Stage (stratigraphy); Flow control (data); Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Flow visualization; Control theory (sociology); Control (management); Mechanics; Geology; Engineering; Physics; Structural engineering; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.012652331205061082,"score_gpt":0.2401813150032616,"score_spread":0.22752898379820052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412700049","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84038603,0.00006887035,0.14787097,0.00063404284,0.00020147623,0.0005700277,0.0001408213,0.00006991099,0.01005783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991066,0.000037507896,0.0005967601,0.000071670554,0.00001510519,0.0000343394,0.000021880509,0.000018001958,0.00009814777],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889624,0.000005671927,0.00039232915,0.00020213064,0.00035969648,0.00014391277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914,0.00007011757,0.00002511192,0.000052297935,0.0006839156,0.000028524417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015828067,0.0001970478,0.00028800836,0.0002272505,0.000048841182,0.000047201625,0.00021104742,0.000078043355,0.00003554153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021269552,0.00015400907,0.00006907539,0.00027842692,0.00010490264,0.00021681373,0.00002217913,0.00012962132,8.5839935e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009952565,0.00018275806,0.05652124,0.00075645547,0.0008758183,9.432241e-7,0.0015323743,0.5587609,0.1031813,0.27569908,0.000101073485,0.0013928345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018071295,0.00006386612,0.008124327,0.00032406073,0.00005599555,9.838262e-7,0.00020460252,0.98187816,0.005283946,0.0020971086,0.000019417454,0.00014040593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023804405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075202035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42311728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000103372426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041590974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6280308},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413097782","doi":"10.1016/j.euromechflu.2025.204329","title":"Infinite series formulation for slip flow through a finite thickness orifice plate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Compute Canada","keywords":"Body orifice; Slip (aerodynamics); Orifice plate; Series (stratigraphy); Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Geology; Mathematics; Materials science; Calculus (dental); Geometry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.026981414657120548,"score_gpt":0.2569486970088085,"score_spread":0.22996728235168795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413097782","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00571394,0.0011793345,0.985403,0.0003755626,0.0022765975,0.0002564406,0.000033935557,0.00016912354,0.0045920354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9263205,0.00061531214,0.07114717,0.0003806692,0.0005830286,0.000007227393,0.000016625803,0.00012632702,0.0008031711],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981322,0.00014096701,0.00096915057,0.00016368268,0.0002966108,0.0002973743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99847275,0.0004020244,0.00021972934,0.00026242784,0.00057893875,0.000064106214],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013642898,0.00027090905,0.00043034874,0.00023393829,0.00021242649,0.000115555464,0.00031082815,0.00006677349,0.00002254806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045741707,0.0002512902,0.00021551896,0.00039191384,0.000013319926,0.0008081606,0.00008523697,0.00033280117,0.000027627822],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007205034,0.000086995446,0.000082180624,0.0007829271,0.001720432,0.00010563275,0.007073132,0.84148467,0.018650448,0.09713398,0.01470115,0.017457927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042144945,0.000503471,0.0004917209,0.0008610225,0.0005627553,0.000080180944,0.0006632984,0.69928455,0.0053734807,0.019634966,0.26762545,0.0007045844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.7372032e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017800048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92060655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000082414546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004677925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999939},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413257121","doi":"10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.110933","title":"Devising a novel numerical tool to predict the physical occlusion site of circulating tumor cells traveling in an arbitrary microvasculature","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Occlusion; Computer science; Simulation; Medicine; Cardiology","score_opus":0.010386229155799178,"score_gpt":0.28421611006628944,"score_spread":0.27382988091049026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413257121","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9446881,0.0005782835,0.05393049,0.00025623487,0.00026500743,0.00018227281,0.0000023477394,0.000029561634,0.000067691675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948514,0.00001226388,0.004436789,0.00057050673,0.00011243412,0.0000029111245,0.000006529612,0.0000062517734,8.8908695e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999315,0.00004024215,0.0002638993,0.00017940163,0.000049325332,0.00015208416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994629,0.0003407473,0.00002523478,0.0001245501,0.000021259895,0.000025319327],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023244687,0.00011425444,0.00031229426,0.00011753717,0.000043160137,0.00000346312,0.000081479346,0.000056089917,6.616586e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044541932,0.000078756275,0.000023154884,0.00031873054,0.0000906231,0.000035542074,0.00008036749,0.00021652198,2.35466e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012104867,0.0001636191,0.14941038,0.00047546905,0.00016616253,0.000036485944,0.025008235,0.22670646,0.5570856,0.002912611,0.00015580108,0.037758157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013196401,0.00008960548,0.30211112,0.0007299615,0.000029195791,0.000009006894,0.00029291926,0.6936113,0.0009356674,0.0005528131,0.00018242492,0.00013632225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014006005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059857516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5561499,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026237172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009799422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32115877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414359014","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70057","title":"2D‐ <scp>MHD</scp> Brinkman flow around circular cylinders inside a microchannel exhibiting wall roughness","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Microchannel; Reynolds number; Drag; Lorentz force; Darcy number; Magnetic field; Slip (aerodynamics); Permeability (electromagnetism); Open-channel flow; Shear stress","score_opus":0.011329103331279818,"score_gpt":0.20210755822531526,"score_spread":0.19077845489403544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414359014","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836923,0.0031346127,0.0106361825,0.0004257902,0.00074627687,0.00014094025,0.0000063700686,0.000110755886,0.0011067685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986449,0.000009764608,0.00066348317,0.00022669873,0.00032935632,0.0000046856926,0.0000026906357,0.000058348283,0.000060066155],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984397,0.000016159476,0.00057114614,0.0001490653,0.0002362623,0.00058764295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875665,0.00037230927,0.000086493936,0.0002382965,0.00019174245,0.00035449886],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035403235,0.00028216335,0.00039394427,0.00032946854,0.00014062226,0.00016948415,0.00042744758,0.00015494005,0.000004935665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00052497076,0.00025986883,0.00018166984,0.00044644612,0.00007255065,0.00023433326,0.000037723115,0.0007426473,0.000008183102],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017119086,0.000003962173,0.00028178035,0.00015502165,0.00031545004,0.00007233747,0.0013350191,0.97094125,0.025572104,0.00022579769,0.0007491152,0.00034647272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012579641,0.00001539621,0.001198372,0.0008262955,0.00024617364,0.00026872632,0.0006419786,0.8973066,0.084400006,0.00081785425,0.012654149,0.0003664629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003261223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023054855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0736346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059792266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024437282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414402612","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106840","title":"Immersed boundaries in the discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method through hp-adaptivity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","keywords":"Immersed boundary method; Discontinuous Galerkin method; Boundary (topology); Spectral method; Boundary value problem; Galerkin method; Boundary knot method; Spectral element method; Finite element method","score_opus":0.018351879960301996,"score_gpt":0.28781127400762263,"score_spread":0.2694593940473206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414402612","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06638347,0.0012357923,0.917269,0.0015066434,0.0014460589,0.00041829192,0.000007717238,0.00024547285,0.011487531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96629786,0.00003198695,0.032621183,0.0007017513,0.00012595287,0.000032549724,0.0000074917475,0.00001890949,0.0001623203],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987569,0.00012699768,0.00032456595,0.00024030187,0.000202495,0.00034874098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925935,0.00032368692,0.000022551107,0.000347199,0.000027763273,0.000019431998],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039773853,0.00021970732,0.00030213504,0.0000867977,0.00019585397,0.00022882485,0.0003024131,0.00005009876,0.000014847941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019007939,0.00017425792,0.00009640022,0.00039211276,0.00012475468,0.00019274987,0.00011380182,0.00021646354,0.000014420866],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018274134,0.0005451746,0.02251924,0.0006174791,0.0019925053,0.00019619318,0.06588406,0.26662084,0.0070531727,0.27263457,0.24840635,0.113347664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031505693,0.0001294986,0.15517353,0.00023543969,0.00018181531,0.000011041238,0.0035161437,0.4007319,0.0031417958,0.011423872,0.4213169,0.0009875193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000768831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009630087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8999144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013565332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036287845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7106031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414954487","doi":"10.1115/pvp2025-155939","title":"A Study on the Fluidelastic Stability of a Hybrid Layout Array in Two-Phase Flow","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bundle; Tube (container); Flow (mathematics); Transverse plane; Square (algebra); Limiting; Stability (learning theory); Cross section (physics)","score_opus":0.03499791143217391,"score_gpt":0.3210020730935766,"score_spread":0.2860041616614027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414954487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769583,0.000047247846,0.007612582,0.00012018064,0.00012081462,0.00049311924,0.0000085651645,0.00010402735,0.014535161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99970776,0.0000010810737,0.00011756191,0.000051441064,0.000009438099,0.000040031828,6.976512e-7,0.00000836112,0.000063608706],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992198,0.000058081798,0.00031624897,0.00013571366,0.00014041239,0.00012979381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989354,0.0006578889,0.000015090462,0.0003257676,0.0000506882,0.000015137735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003383794,0.00011187448,0.00020101594,0.00008682846,0.00003122152,0.000011394398,0.00010616225,0.000008202804,0.00007679705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023018073,0.00007396748,0.00003615456,0.00026297077,0.000030623374,0.00004435213,0.000033735338,0.000109599576,0.000018916742],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024229652,0.002896618,0.13995022,0.0002271245,0.00073903176,0.00003037696,0.01404154,0.8234645,0.008450968,0.004711936,0.0023819634,0.0028634248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012126046,0.00045132352,0.113046885,0.00019851324,0.00018970399,0.0000012211016,0.023253407,0.79284847,0.054302678,0.0021486273,0.000793647,0.00063946703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027346492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001711942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045851707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059020113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015583184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30163065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415121373","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2025.106876","title":"Graph neural network based model of hydrodynamic closure laws in non-spherical particle–laden flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Closure (psychology); Artificial neural network; Graph; Conservation law; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.010538304837512722,"score_gpt":0.22713829974559183,"score_spread":0.2165999949080791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415121373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68977255,0.00034966698,0.3086347,0.00011683182,0.0003976697,0.0001622529,0.000003088009,0.00016362575,0.00039959938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890371,0.000011141055,0.010605399,0.0002143655,0.000056884826,0.000016130294,0.000005554896,0.0000239693,0.00002944494],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988402,0.00003671321,0.00041515345,0.00021779709,0.00015589173,0.00033421756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942625,0.00015520774,0.000023197521,0.00030244797,0.000042890264,0.000050017334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001242398,0.00019521419,0.00035613714,0.00007541844,0.000045241195,0.000021256421,0.00021722047,0.000086233296,0.000004563215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008610614,0.0002012019,0.00011148093,0.00063829776,0.00005384124,0.000100166915,0.00009262265,0.00017211388,0.0000055158807],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001681832,0.000027170387,0.00953368,0.0000683745,0.00004984603,0.000003920487,0.00014395826,0.98587275,0.001011382,0.00019366096,0.0017704823,0.001307952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007730014,0.000023355557,0.014096558,0.00007582955,0.000025628739,2.4010967e-7,0.000009824677,0.98427635,0.00013519701,0.00035338206,0.00006593052,0.00016467714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009553158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004068346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29926455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006249773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018796016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82047755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417010865","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ae2844","title":"Investigation of oil/water two-phase flow in carbonate rocks using a multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann phase-field method","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Physica Scripta","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Petro-Canada","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Breakup; Surface tension; Wetting; Capillary action; Capillary number; Viscosity; Lattice (music); Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.041273231512550766,"score_gpt":0.33775562344878607,"score_spread":0.2964823919362353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417010865","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78957313,0.0024410947,0.19656594,0.0014748911,0.0029727868,0.0012599692,0.00016349663,0.00038372335,0.0051649725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9614202,0.000040689534,0.035696484,0.00035537157,0.00023401831,0.000066240515,0.000066451656,0.00011017551,0.0020104088],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956482,0.00044010812,0.001633725,0.00087350525,0.0005585359,0.0008459076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976303,0.0004822971,0.00037529116,0.00084844884,0.00049846445,0.00016522722],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007978314,0.0007526818,0.001267453,0.00079072407,0.0002582479,0.0001284405,0.0004287426,0.00026872646,0.000096267075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039466558,0.00077457493,0.0003071724,0.0014310069,0.00014924988,0.0010056024,0.0003359809,0.0006898593,0.00007695242],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003149127,0.0007957984,0.0007554977,0.0011045662,0.0010517142,0.000016204916,0.01277907,0.4176345,0.5483945,0.0004617575,0.00065003894,0.016041435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009767663,0.00009655981,0.00021082595,0.0007452283,0.00063521456,0.000001108185,0.0002602029,0.8505999,0.1351616,0.0010175504,0.0009080812,0.0005960986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001030587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075821175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4329654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003835358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016483909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99947053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417150911","doi":"10.1108/ec-06-2025-0621","title":"Lattice Boltzmann modeling with appropriate interface treatment for the transient heat and mass diffusion through multilayered multicomponent materials with irregular boundary","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Engineering Computations","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Classification of discontinuities; Boundary value problem; Transient (computer programming); Diffusion; Heat flux; Mass flux; Interface (matter); Porous medium","score_opus":0.017647540267084868,"score_gpt":0.25233380260890687,"score_spread":0.234686262341822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417150911","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3710875,0.00092822156,0.62658405,0.00021215492,0.00018185955,0.0007015791,0.00002301144,0.0002650022,0.000016624585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93661875,0.00007362997,0.06287862,0.000017324357,0.000039379123,0.00025816914,0.00001798168,0.000054646345,0.000041519903],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903876,0.000015514366,0.00028335745,0.00026307956,0.00013350935,0.0002658026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993094,0.00031908296,0.00002140246,0.00022413017,0.00008541744,0.000040553892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000075329786,0.00030512115,0.00030005482,0.00008693644,0.0003046867,0.00013737779,0.000089894726,0.000048091188,0.000001726837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008482262,0.00020152972,0.000039473183,0.00016231135,0.000043123357,0.00015099435,0.00002478361,0.00008473737,0.0000014055438],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006360721,0.00003369517,0.00001348166,0.00017199313,0.0003920872,0.0000014185288,0.0024191013,0.9901118,0.0061586206,0.0002551309,0.0000069964763,0.00037203138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018951893,0.00007721548,0.00055734086,0.0002020144,0.0002274501,0.0000042850493,0.0003764802,0.99307287,0.001998345,0.000051655774,0.0013014096,0.00023576553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033728335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014730756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56553125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001325666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019306604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82181436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W44991920","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(97)87736-8","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(97)87736-8","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Curvilinear coordinates; Viscosity; Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics; Computation; Finite difference method; Finite difference; Viscoplasticity; Sediment transport; Work (physics); Geotechnical engineering; Geology; Physics; Mathematics; Sediment; Finite element method; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Constitutive equation; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.009616021031505117,"score_gpt":0.18433517938583244,"score_spread":0.17471915835432733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W44991920","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00024400806,0.00018594977,0.000008086232,0.000077534445,0.0000032027478,0.00014357224,0.000010728042,0.0006697401,0.99865717],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005317655,6.352728e-7,0.00018633089,0.000021194706,0.00015304083,0.000018464467,0.0000075006956,0.00004599204,0.99903506],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992206,0.000012843364,0.00018595335,0.00015527778,0.00016337069,0.00026193014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995372,0.000061664585,0.000010357536,0.00025438378,0.000037193484,0.00009914378],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007273866,0.00015985763,0.00017649175,0.00006484441,0.00006488761,0.000035488047,0.00013549914,0.00005363986,0.99645215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020500656,0.00016179871,0.000049219205,0.00019831352,0.000018891315,0.00012555353,0.000029384797,0.000092743525,0.9996866],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015334304,0.000012672924,1.1429285e-7,0.000013407013,0.000052694853,0.000003835909,0.00006989716,0.050926495,0.000007923136,0.0000013340963,0.103240274,0.84565604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002091033,0.000023307095,0.000017679453,0.00001139917,0.000017951646,0.0000020314048,0.0000017464935,0.006805979,0.000069273054,0.0000073526276,0.9926281,0.00020608176],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004214278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8376737e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88938785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046423243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053577023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.659796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W594269950","doi":"10.1007/978-3-0348-7877-7","title":"Contributions to Current Challenges in Mathematical Fluid Mechanics","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Birkhäuser Basel eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Current (fluid); Fluid mechanics; Mechanics; Computer science; Classical mechanics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.05038949270169254,"score_gpt":0.28965293192393826,"score_spread":0.23926343922224572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W594269950","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00013523601,0.0230844,0.0507527,0.00065586524,0.0021115507,0.0035375343,0.0010961305,0.0023979344,0.91622865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.15239507,0.009855657,0.00866725,0.0012456521,0.006597959,0.0047124308,0.00081465393,0.0034405591,0.81227076],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976955,0.000035436395,0.0007359125,0.00048218522,0.0004712952,0.00057964097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985972,0.0002505292,0.000067769965,0.0006551134,0.00019662277,0.0002327693],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032788274,0.0006025583,0.00081142207,0.00045520012,0.00007427262,0.000045101504,0.00031011592,0.00039728885,0.00007745063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000134444,0.0006213596,0.0001847752,0.00006365259,0.000037210608,0.000055921733,0.00017784853,0.00061901467,0.0009273664],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039776325,0.00014885978,0.000001289304,0.002615473,0.00041426817,0.00009537044,0.004676171,0.038785726,0.00007687898,0.9149975,0.019967679,0.018181013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012665583,0.00006268591,0.000018163533,0.0022032445,0.00017797029,0.000010851885,0.00007114894,0.009637745,0.0002675617,0.16569448,0.8193034,0.0012861833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001492245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007709466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7993357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017702474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046245888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W613214890","doi":"10.1016/j.compfluid.2015.06.011","title":"A GPU-accelerated adaptive mesh refinement for immersed boundary methods","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers & Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; University of Waterloo; Waterloo CFD Engineering Consulting","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Parallel computing; Adaptive mesh refinement; Computational science; CUDA; Grid; GPU cluster; Code (set theory); Polygon mesh; Computer graphics (images); Geometry","score_opus":0.10280709387844761,"score_gpt":0.34339996421386604,"score_spread":0.24059287033541843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W613214890","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011235428,0.0013590772,0.9804626,0.00016758307,0.0019016456,0.00048249858,0.000015748758,0.0005935387,0.0037818756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.40004194,0.000026673475,0.59834653,0.000510275,0.0004164864,0.00014494639,0.000053479904,0.000096826036,0.0003628641],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988319,0.00006218393,0.00033398432,0.00025781707,0.000181176,0.0003329257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990901,0.00020533417,0.000033433953,0.0002686688,0.00025608804,0.00014641797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040365697,0.0002423996,0.0003377152,0.000109154826,0.00010591476,0.00007777226,0.00018063822,0.00007324637,0.000015464097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038849124,0.00023989372,0.000095331176,0.0002419591,0.000058232978,0.00016694688,0.0000994984,0.00010263888,0.000036784528],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041098503,0.00016371725,0.00029826237,0.00023325332,0.00209337,0.00002585292,0.011142582,0.18185848,0.01499113,0.0062846467,0.5977088,0.1847889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022368885,0.00022908144,0.00058253296,0.00003623691,0.00007360708,0.0000034643188,0.00045466906,0.80898476,0.002980816,0.000515088,0.18346745,0.0004354369],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007761317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019820936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6271263,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020803571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005239536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9782582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6887984560","doi":"10.18430/m34eqb","title":"X-ray diffraction data for the 1.5 Angstrom Crystal Structure of Spermidine/Putrescine ABC Transporter Substrate-Binding Protein PotD from Streptococcus pneumoniae strain Canada MDR_19A in Complex with Calcium and HEPES (4EQB)","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"MinorLab","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Crystal structure; Strain (injury); Streptococcus pneumoniae; Calcium; ATP-binding cassette transporter; X-ray crystallography; Angstrom; Protein structure","score_opus":0.0338778648841897,"score_gpt":0.24997715697017628,"score_spread":0.21609929208598658,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6887984560","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.38915345,0.00028114053,0.0000564133,0.000048307116,0.00010179324,0.0010095017,0.60932547,0.000021451204,0.0000024930075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5134449,0.0000133296335,0.00012739404,0.000007502779,0.00017807835,0.00003588229,0.48613575,0.000039267623,0.000017887167],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979405,0.00003879142,0.00061297766,0.0005103248,0.00042089325,0.0004765201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984212,0.00025912173,0.0002444048,0.00090293674,0.00007272569,0.00009960686],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011647738,0.0005495818,0.0007028597,0.00012913461,0.00012167544,0.00006088448,0.00049566507,0.00020828618,0.00017240045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020391915,0.00039903406,0.0000404128,0.00018132039,0.00011125066,0.0002827499,0.000078700425,0.00047428955,7.411059e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056044,0.00025696534,0.034557663,0.0046232403,0.0030330685,0.0001474198,0.00104062,0.036437128,0.28480464,0.00000896084,0.63278604,0.0017438027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004696012,0.00017574572,0.58551085,0.0007909375,0.0014338212,0.000011818981,0.0019792223,0.008951965,0.0019788798,0.000015801808,0.39249474,0.0019602168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10782409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7906694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6828453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001610015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012500642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6891874456","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.1129","title":"Domain decomposition and locality optimization for large-scale lattice Boltzmann simulations","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solver; Domain decomposition methods; Locality; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Scalability; Discretization; Graph partition; Representation (politics)","score_opus":0.05122854484114696,"score_gpt":0.215722456440256,"score_spread":0.16449391159910903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6891874456","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2917968,0.000101846745,0.7056864,0.000016835971,0.00023712387,0.0005192075,0.00021491869,0.00032443606,0.0011024487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98396116,0.00012212376,0.015323815,0.000034241824,0.00008786086,0.000004366707,0.00025980241,0.00005387331,0.000152751],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987542,0.000059770504,0.00026304714,0.000560487,0.000059748432,0.00030274066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989152,0.0001933901,0.000118502,0.00043732164,0.00021965384,0.00011593346],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001806837,0.00031567784,0.00034663366,0.00018240236,0.00026164422,0.000054635093,0.00018522225,0.0003162828,0.000056186243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000167596,0.00039981888,0.00012250993,0.00020317381,0.00006664301,0.00029558223,0.00029299242,0.00025907732,0.000012280618],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039023962,0.000046418376,0.0017074045,0.00024468853,0.00015123838,0.000004182075,0.0005305157,0.98469305,0.000011828137,0.012432552,0.00011020193,0.00002888954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008661694,0.000019078145,0.0017649136,0.000059375438,0.00026408568,7.9330306e-7,0.00021338256,0.9737604,0.00003759877,0.021818154,0.00078145566,0.00041454835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017613895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009289151,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69216436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017434273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024135084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6892942463","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.13845275","title":"decargroup/pykoop","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Process (computing); Action (physics); Identification (biology)","score_opus":0.031151727229529292,"score_gpt":0.24710307813701746,"score_spread":0.21595135090748815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6892942463","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000018364064,0.0024126414,0.0018889614,0.000091820395,0.00046743927,0.00032905542,0.0003672399,0.008623486,0.985801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018095285,0.0011003164,0.00054297847,0.000106420186,0.0014003471,1.2098185e-7,0.002290102,0.056190375,0.9202741],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986546,0.00007071419,0.00022119698,0.0003818193,0.00033303775,0.00033861148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920666,0.0000128477795,0.000046320547,0.00048508693,0.00013065706,0.00011841376],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020500287,0.00026013175,0.00023432283,0.0004544284,0.00035624084,0.0005876166,0.0006222468,0.00016286617,0.036849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001117443,0.00027528856,0.000073335774,0.0004534154,0.00009516147,0.00008026699,0.00070607295,0.00036686187,0.11658117],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024440053,0.000012651403,1.2311072e-7,0.00031995744,0.00017771775,0.000016360962,0.00030964595,0.00017712246,0.000074670446,0.0015879798,0.98242694,0.014894407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016531724,0.000025399755,0.000009698463,0.0001390983,0.000044257693,0.000025416655,0.000076803866,0.00074872456,0.000018743667,0.00014428323,0.9983205,0.00028176198],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000067238343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.166249e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07973217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014417969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011282344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999699},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6911250878","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.10521026","title":"Searching for Functional Simplicity of Stormflow Generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Simplicity; Key (lock); Limiting; Consistency (knowledge bases)","score_opus":0.060554085047402145,"score_gpt":0.2570344322330921,"score_spread":0.19648034718568994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6911250878","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00035240827,0.0011527553,0.10139257,0.00013197132,0.00078540645,0.0010995086,0.0015179123,0.0035541067,0.89001334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.32974532,0.00091559533,0.005377993,0.00018410942,0.0076495633,0.0000018125243,0.02213381,0.067178875,0.56681293],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987965,0.000067180015,0.00025533504,0.000311243,0.00032812066,0.00024161038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991936,0.000025225454,0.00007210864,0.00029697182,0.00033947796,0.000072606825],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003321798,0.00019127509,0.0002203655,0.00040193443,0.00037916636,0.0002354461,0.00030175835,0.00012358741,0.005948226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022148929,0.00020543128,0.000076435455,0.00032721943,0.0000762802,0.00008906025,0.00031759968,0.00023161522,0.0029203566],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009237009,0.00001961679,2.3338335e-7,0.00060492643,0.00020014927,9.865206e-7,0.00028964528,0.0047469162,0.0019493214,0.0027653994,0.9676918,0.021721771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024107198,0.000048145826,0.000019518651,0.00007762559,0.000041985222,0.000006528159,0.000043768374,0.019560784,0.00017970863,0.00012448692,0.9794715,0.00018488943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009435597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015914185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32939294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013793579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032422442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99785596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6927552798","doi":"10.34780/e163-u166","title":"The Phoenician-Punic Necropolises Djebila and Aïn Dalia Kebira (Tangier Region, Morocco)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DAI","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Musée de la Civilisation","funders":"","keywords":"Phoenician; Pottery; Peninsula; Period (music); Ornaments","score_opus":0.013816013202753743,"score_gpt":0.24487629100896297,"score_spread":0.23106027780620922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6927552798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66555387,0.18739925,0.0038063857,0.008827896,0.007184481,0.001086415,0.0000928032,0.00512611,0.12092276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99406135,0.0012897591,0.0000617149,0.00013918281,0.00027650196,0.000015816526,0.0000042293973,0.000046843892,0.0041046008],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992954,0.00001612178,0.00016453401,0.00016248129,0.00012458609,0.00023686746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944586,0.00020068935,0.000012306963,0.0002627899,0.000032172324,0.000046177945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010116773,0.00014025178,0.00011916311,0.000049119728,0.00020757412,0.00018353565,0.00011338155,0.00004621758,0.000018619327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043199772,0.000098183606,0.000044502925,0.00019725715,0.00008674764,0.00016394793,0.00007424881,0.00012942067,0.0001382287],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035992776,0.00003435459,0.0046876725,0.0007156701,0.0013145332,0.00025151347,0.011617796,0.014333143,0.0014231502,0.075714484,0.7702859,0.119585805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016051294,0.000010603287,0.0041290517,0.0000596477,0.0000602657,0.000018937308,0.000592129,0.025219446,0.00025401055,0.0017347838,0.9675442,0.00021641275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013222815,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003102667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32850745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004172457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010562782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40038112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6948152078","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2105.11220","title":"Towards Parallel CFD computation for the ADAPT framework","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solver; Computation; Computational fluid dynamics; Scale (ratio); Linear system; Cloud computing; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.10279091985546092,"score_gpt":0.2185687128977185,"score_spread":0.11577779304225759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6948152078","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04597743,0.0007116301,0.9499745,0.00015548166,0.0010108389,0.00048001716,0.000029148405,0.00034869034,0.0013123093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927676,0.00044634647,0.006114383,0.00006701258,0.00018030632,0.00000559058,0.000047368874,0.00004394908,0.00032747837],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990507,0.00003716628,0.0001799363,0.00041553145,0.00007740654,0.00023929465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864703,0.0005466862,0.000082577084,0.00045348637,0.00021324572,0.00005697137],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012617007,0.0002656278,0.00029834296,0.00007573683,0.00018376503,0.00009102849,0.0003433881,0.00027547104,0.000032684686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000072745745,0.0002590402,0.0002307841,0.00024399541,0.000065806045,0.00011397163,0.00037140958,0.0004652586,0.000020822212],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015251818,0.000012558604,0.00019619882,0.00012807245,0.00036294037,0.000015364205,0.00048372935,0.9848327,0.0000016439585,0.012556821,0.0007495728,0.00064513274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031092326,0.000009770484,0.0028431166,0.00009170639,0.0002401485,6.592804e-7,0.00073507143,0.9739621,0.000011293362,0.01947154,0.0020101194,0.00031354465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032837597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033549095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.94679016,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016576661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058849797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999862},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6956755890","doi":"10.60510/awfwi02503","title":"IGSN AWFWI02503 (EN22032-T08): Individual Sample (Biology, plant - Picea glauca) from Richardson Mountains, Northwest Territories, CA","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"GFZ IGSN Sample Catalogue","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sample (material); Precipitation; Quality (philosophy); Period (music)","score_opus":0.021938673619964415,"score_gpt":0.24864649885252554,"score_spread":0.22670782523256114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6956755890","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011327583,0.01181001,0.0024172987,0.000092873735,0.0053002546,0.0007091296,0.9755839,0.0022319371,0.00072183204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.013737759,0.00051973254,0.0029338775,0.00018430011,0.0038127967,0.00025895447,0.9766633,0.0012195081,0.00066978927],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99616486,0.000098992496,0.00089937233,0.0011937394,0.0005881692,0.0010548576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970679,0.0010258068,0.00024777115,0.0012596328,0.00009206047,0.0003068146],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024046899,0.0012470218,0.0013160259,0.00061112177,0.00016662553,0.00026452573,0.0008943222,0.0010924353,0.0012237042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033843008,0.001243581,0.0003001784,0.0004653195,0.00026308323,0.0001919331,0.00052466604,0.0009691411,0.00024198482],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018897348,0.00006221883,0.006087427,0.0005779645,0.0019680164,0.00008813838,0.0018919925,0.00023632906,0.000002059822,0.000684383,0.9875244,0.00085816544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006298931,0.000054611686,0.0022843292,0.0003498424,0.000495566,0.000015350417,0.00035268295,0.00021785608,0.000029418698,0.001284949,0.9929692,0.0013163028],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.88736963,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8962154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004654189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014960209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6957989420","doi":"10.60692/aehb0-5cw04","title":"Socio-demographic and environmental risk factors associated with multiple under-five child loss among mothers in Bangladesh","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Child mortality; Pregnancy; Public health; Infant mortality; Educational attainment; Reproductive health; Developing country; Offspring","score_opus":0.012544902824068112,"score_gpt":0.17114084586602235,"score_spread":0.15859594304195423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6957989420","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968522,0.00001750331,0.0019793368,0.0000062648564,0.000072846706,0.00023010418,0.00024625807,0.00023438875,0.0003610983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998051,0.0000018050605,0.000019940931,0.000015302905,0.000011871804,0.000020360903,0.00008470103,0.000022398333,0.000018513765],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989944,0.000059977698,0.0003724773,0.00012816404,0.0002248965,0.0002201012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995784,0.000037054142,0.0001427793,0.00015410504,0.000027064336,0.000060554517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012363783,0.00020587139,0.00024442901,0.00017973117,0.00014266526,0.00009001675,0.00005186327,0.000118515985,0.000008393438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015644096,0.00017582993,0.00004591797,0.00021858572,0.00006618765,0.0006093479,0.000033678807,0.00015805078,0.000017143842],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004015967,0.0000016988889,0.898888,0.000048398204,0.00015790277,0.000002214621,0.049054384,0.05182107,4.4910274e-7,0.0000041382004,0.0000030547221,0.000014669538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012322179,0.000008511787,0.8949022,0.000114413815,0.000035438676,0.0000030683827,0.06330172,0.040124238,0.000077375706,6.0565225e-7,0.000006370454,0.00019381354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012164362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011858863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014247339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019728058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055112623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71701366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7001161070","doi":"","title":"An immersed boundary finite element method for flow around moving rigid bodies","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NPARC","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Flow (mathematics); Boundary (topology); Immersed boundary method; Incompressible flow; Boundary value problem","score_opus":0.042582852247930764,"score_gpt":0.29617362165988736,"score_spread":0.2535907694119566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7001161070","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02686343,0.00023776527,0.9283647,0.00006988847,0.0006605747,0.00049985846,0.00006352212,0.0005610553,0.04267921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6307727,0.00001813269,0.3686127,0.00010671116,0.00015057113,0.000085942425,0.00001600242,0.000044620276,0.00019262588],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905306,0.000028941462,0.00025820738,0.00020135901,0.00014461101,0.00031379258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993486,0.00019925553,0.000036868267,0.0002700103,0.00007694247,0.00006835206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030433855,0.00017716612,0.00021672636,0.000081395636,0.00017711421,0.000050637227,0.00012911481,0.000052410174,0.0002305927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044645814,0.0001737489,0.00007425433,0.00006045604,0.000032770673,0.0002733063,0.00003256611,0.00008605845,0.000037069574],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004816615,0.0004900664,0.010267005,0.0013449462,0.0028082987,0.000040714403,0.07585713,0.522478,0.099264696,0.015771748,0.02263004,0.2485657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067653134,0.000084910636,0.0017958804,0.000018541918,0.00007505571,0.0000010975323,0.0010373121,0.95028895,0.005827959,0.011097304,0.02877351,0.00032295924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009301292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025373836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60390925,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006364683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015130753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7085274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7017990684","doi":"","title":"Computational fluid dynamics and object oriented analysis","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NPARC","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Representation (politics); Set (abstract data type); Object (grammar); Operator (biology); Object-oriented programming; Fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics)","score_opus":0.005744732800145017,"score_gpt":0.2204842192820305,"score_spread":0.21473948648188548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7017990684","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80143917,0.00009044075,0.1642791,0.00008455614,0.00006924171,0.000059217982,0.00002787496,0.00024941226,0.033700984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937527,0.0000035996336,0.005887667,0.0000145615,0.000031935546,0.0000030706008,0.00006898529,0.000009192448,0.000228291],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957544,0.0000071118425,0.000121525074,0.00008890305,0.0001131971,0.000093811796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997891,0.0000667352,0.000011993558,0.000066633285,0.000046337118,0.000019184337],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003986407,0.00007054319,0.00011633768,0.00010874568,0.00005001308,0.000017924865,0.000024013732,0.000023322053,0.000057473615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000069731773,0.0000708761,0.000033350687,0.00034438737,0.000024360177,0.000053920194,0.000016033817,0.000035663164,0.000012394482],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017997156,0.0000072530142,0.026904298,0.000009534479,0.00022211656,0.0000017129599,0.000067254936,0.95924705,0.00016246925,0.012049511,0.000699126,0.0006278901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014181243,0.0000030075405,0.113266245,0.0000013170074,0.000095618445,6.735012e-7,0.000025263651,0.8838758,0.000025758312,0.0022070764,0.00028585308,0.00007158842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008842227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006449529,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19231352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004230579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032026253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28902435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7019621319","doi":"","title":"High-Fidelity Acoustic Simulation of a Recorder Using PowerFLOW","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian acoustics","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Consortium de Recherche et d’innovation en Aérospatiale au Québec","keywords":"Replicate; Computer simulation; Flow (mathematics); Noise (video); Lattice Boltzmann methods","score_opus":0.03209313617777097,"score_gpt":0.26850903404842835,"score_spread":0.23641589787065737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7019621319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92176205,0.000079821606,0.07597116,0.000029372752,0.0010180518,0.00018259986,0.0001846455,0.00032254664,0.00044977057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980255,0.00002202918,0.0015771163,0.000054530505,0.00012475719,0.0000026362525,0.000028461618,0.000049775852,0.00011519107],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990007,0.000014516532,0.00031651006,0.00013991435,0.0001672007,0.00036112004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910796,0.00021081195,0.00004222303,0.00024704955,0.00020530562,0.00018662869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014098681,0.0001460446,0.00021556614,0.00033307585,0.00009336401,0.000019689836,0.00009802615,0.00010778194,0.00008113058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028095013,0.00017083598,0.000040664156,0.00065931387,0.000042991876,0.00009482692,0.00002041292,0.00011345967,0.00008401754],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014817518,0.0000020215182,0.0004670081,0.000074029886,0.000038337075,0.000010679716,0.00016813226,0.9903038,0.006904703,0.000024550987,0.0013751687,0.00063007907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015750357,0.0000075685957,0.017611424,0.000026863006,0.000060299528,7.793309e-7,0.00015387818,0.9811519,0.00004908614,0.00024916584,0.00036100592,0.00017051888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032827207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041477326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07626347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029795952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013977088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6966489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7025349235","doi":"","title":"University of Ottawa Journal of Medicine","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Directory of Open Access Journals (EBSCO)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"MEDLINE; Medical journal; Government (linguistics); Public health; Feature (linguistics)","score_opus":0.1267946263948901,"score_gpt":0.4089846494866666,"score_spread":0.2821900230917765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7025349235","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0017315422,0.05780742,0.00079958595,0.000134099,0.0017488875,0.00034408915,0.00012462681,0.000060644175,0.9372491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3443068,0.041470688,0.0036516527,0.00013249087,0.0032903184,0.0000019644053,0.00004197303,0.0015404152,0.6055637],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803555,0.00013143489,0.00081882556,0.00013882478,0.000693581,0.00018176904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969773,0.00014723517,0.0016435942,0.0003273202,0.0007408315,0.00016368915],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011529311,0.00027552593,0.0013712648,0.0008392088,0.000036333113,0.00007785546,0.0021467123,0.000167571,0.0070316736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021756851,0.00024242376,0.00013579153,0.00044023388,0.00024837942,0.0010492252,0.00040563007,0.00036139798,0.0000091620905],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028039192,0.000038431874,0.0039816466,0.00031478904,0.0009665012,0.000037002395,0.00040827226,0.002100025,0.00024725444,0.000042318366,0.99034745,0.0014882467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020013,0.00005098475,0.0073720017,0.002936837,0.00038074993,0.000021440419,0.00036170572,0.00006682633,0.0002938148,0.000198441,0.98600674,0.00030916097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003228342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019102478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34257525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009269149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001621289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99387604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7039070693","doi":"","title":"Lâhabilitation individuelle au travail : validation dâune mesure dâhabilitation comportementale et vÃ©rification du rÃ´le de trois facteurs de lâenvironnement de travail","year":2014,"lang":"fr","type":"other","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Validation test; Behavioral analysis; Convergent validity","score_opus":0.004512995101091905,"score_gpt":0.16542858728817422,"score_spread":0.16091559218708232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7039070693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79290897,0.0013050826,0.033573106,0.010700849,0.00050597,0.0013783675,0.0007815133,0.00008561439,0.15876052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97177416,0.00042279105,0.0069062025,0.00042392078,0.00014771146,0.00007344826,0.00021206176,0.00014684763,0.019892864],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964156,0.000568631,0.00074213627,0.00045069997,0.0012879194,0.00053501694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981209,0.00080173166,0.0004461702,0.0003182205,0.0000031773961,0.00030980114],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018827041,0.0004629408,0.0004916699,0.000081174905,0.00032013815,0.00005121132,0.00023581396,0.00013162591,0.0003375786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003158271,0.00054174464,0.00007899917,0.000110243695,0.00018575494,0.00042555612,0.00007094018,0.0002532206,1.1086125e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033946914,0.00039675456,0.6588447,0.0037317593,0.0011376669,0.000018577959,0.019468054,0.15080716,0.05175205,0.064730644,0.007863087,0.040910076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011479186,0.00013633787,0.89145917,0.00029283052,0.00019015509,0.0000047322906,0.0109352255,0.029722389,0.015049465,0.0010702873,0.04939339,0.0005980768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019511554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.082401045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23261449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028700658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019547842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7065955000","doi":"","title":"Favoriser la santÃ© psychologique des professionnels de la santÃ© en dÃ©but de carriÃ¨re : l'importance du soutien Ã  l'autonomie, de la concordance des tÃ¢ches et de la conscience de soi","year":2011,"lang":"fr","type":"other","venue":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Conscience; Validation test; Self evaluation; Mobbing","score_opus":0.006372777296701531,"score_gpt":0.20609942116070853,"score_spread":0.19972664386400701,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7065955000","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4126199,0.00195423,0.0044263536,0.00038778858,0.00015657261,0.0002855342,0.0003190382,0.00006551262,0.5797851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94858694,0.0024690737,0.028697254,0.0012588857,0.0001819989,0.00006207987,0.000004140734,0.00016047504,0.018579163],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99576336,0.001525674,0.00051927374,0.0005247184,0.00068344304,0.0009835309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99442434,0.0043104696,0.00035207544,0.00036274473,0.0000042379334,0.0005461147],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038909938,0.0006010293,0.0006278946,0.000065991924,0.0004235893,0.00010441412,0.0006246753,0.00033412225,0.00038533934],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015454677,0.0006008195,0.0000853929,0.00013504128,0.0020430998,0.000419343,0.00026308117,0.0007888444,6.492125e-8],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020937317,0.00007156891,0.88876086,0.00079058285,0.00033482225,0.0004983525,0.008437476,0.0039629373,0.011877448,0.07682548,0.0038039358,0.004427181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008221205,0.00007229065,0.900356,0.0012906073,0.00013183961,0.00014329927,0.008134013,0.004125788,0.01793892,0.013583401,0.052541062,0.00086065236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011536613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04679299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5612059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030700344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007021045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99964434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7067646365","doi":"","title":"Methodological, Linguistic, and Social Effects in Language Alternation: Evidence from Voice Onset Time in Spanish-English Bilinguals","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cued speech; Phonetics; Code-switching; Voice-onset time; Interference (communication); Perception; Convergence (economics); Speech perception; Language transfer","score_opus":0.044499100672858574,"score_gpt":0.29121297549535713,"score_spread":0.24671387482249857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7067646365","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74059373,0.025435701,0.00037065975,0.00038351087,0.002642786,0.0032265983,0.017358394,0.0155470045,0.19444162],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92470497,0.0010669207,0.0069566155,0.0005350859,0.0046244524,0.00024114705,0.0022267995,0.0042483336,0.055395674],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99779385,0.00026705515,0.00054729223,0.0006085895,0.00035413876,0.00042907565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99537647,0.00408042,0.00013661508,0.00027870308,0.000024952114,0.00010281927],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039442928,0.0004993141,0.0008006117,0.00047141802,0.00004200338,0.0006344464,0.0003527885,0.0004752536,0.00031068234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005398304,0.00049525074,0.00009926401,0.00049997726,0.00009299525,0.0008233164,0.00030939697,0.00074772147,0.0015026229],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004933629,0.0006135497,0.7769365,0.0059117638,0.0017266899,0.005475396,0.014468167,0.0025427337,0.0004041961,0.0005401393,0.15676126,0.03412624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0057767336,0.00021090152,0.20183358,0.013086177,0.00033387187,0.000009655282,0.00065211067,0.0076436545,0.0008985821,0.012724945,0.75064003,0.0061897924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057933434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000110497676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59387875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007958567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033853474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997499},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7097685779","doi":"","title":"TOUGH2_MP: A PARALLEL VERSION OF TOUGH2","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Massively parallel; Code (set theory); Grid; Software; IBM; Software package; Interface (matter); Source code; Field (mathematics)","score_opus":0.02145447744452758,"score_gpt":0.22841503187487536,"score_spread":0.20696055443034778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7097685779","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8430499,0.00031212353,0.006102161,0.00006162948,0.0001579959,0.000088918576,0.0000029451135,0.00033657896,0.14988779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939124,0.00009225972,0.0043095537,0.000024921479,0.000026365344,0.000002212149,0.0000016109535,0.000009366308,0.0016213042],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999619,0.0000037206655,0.00012399718,0.000056900313,0.00010643208,0.00008991873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978226,0.000039335242,0.000011136981,0.000111903726,0.000033821103,0.000021537111],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000022014645,0.000060717244,0.00010485302,0.00003384311,0.00003128389,0.0000015921578,0.000047898437,0.000026792628,0.00020116844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011040806,0.000053416723,0.000033600387,0.00008778723,0.000025785259,0.000084843334,0.000021785148,0.000032066677,0.00016287538],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060551956,0.00012125276,0.03582347,0.00022351212,0.0003637258,0.000043095264,0.0047691152,0.67517805,0.007565993,0.005827585,0.26584086,0.004182809],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005310691,0.00020438503,0.33915424,0.00008037164,0.000093832394,0.00005515265,0.0012356098,0.2089235,0.030406158,0.0011390892,0.4120848,0.0013121787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008609477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029244466,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46625453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016022143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000041391613,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22026534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7114985075","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17908996","title":"Developing and maintaining Lethe: an open-source CFD software","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphysics; Software; Computational fluid dynamics; Software development; Base (topology); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.051872649346412295,"score_gpt":0.29032065049575934,"score_spread":0.23844800114934706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7114985075","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.059580922,0.0023622366,0.72313064,0.0040022884,0.0007634419,0.0027115021,0.00029113988,0.005241025,0.2019168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782999,0.000657321,0.010646427,0.0007197168,0.00023155469,1.8630426e-7,0.00065183936,0.0037246211,0.005068417],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969533,0.0005193246,0.00060348917,0.0008247212,0.00038241036,0.0007167306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979297,0.0001481229,0.00013481197,0.0007252467,0.00081649085,0.0002456265],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014199618,0.00038412202,0.00041800237,0.00048084752,0.0054693073,0.0039118286,0.0017712775,0.00016390742,0.0036487188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015465451,0.00046140025,0.00004282658,0.0011665446,0.00029297222,0.0010714328,0.0065837507,0.0005663393,0.0015776957],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020592437,0.00018722347,0.000107519794,0.00092924084,0.0007390551,0.000037476566,0.014528083,0.018971192,0.0011982914,0.07845696,0.053316295,0.8313227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001213197,0.00016518823,0.0021988861,0.00037337732,0.000072449555,0.00004422371,0.0032206986,0.011552808,0.00016384084,0.0010130306,0.9794516,0.00053073175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003139224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013787425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92613524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051251065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001710599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115012489","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17908997","title":"Developing and maintaining Lethe: an open-source CFD software","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphysics; Software; Computational fluid dynamics; Software development; Base (topology); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.051872649346412295,"score_gpt":0.29032065049575934,"score_spread":0.23844800114934706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115012489","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.059580922,0.0023622366,0.72313064,0.0040022884,0.0007634419,0.0027115021,0.00029113988,0.005241025,0.2019168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782999,0.000657321,0.010646427,0.0007197168,0.00023155469,1.8630426e-7,0.00065183936,0.0037246211,0.005068417],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969533,0.0005193246,0.00060348917,0.0008247212,0.00038241036,0.0007167306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979297,0.0001481229,0.00013481197,0.0007252467,0.00081649085,0.0002456265],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014199618,0.00038412202,0.00041800237,0.00048084752,0.0054693073,0.0039118286,0.0017712775,0.00016390742,0.0036487188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015465451,0.00046140025,0.00004282658,0.0011665446,0.00029297222,0.0010714328,0.0065837507,0.0005663393,0.0015776957],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020592437,0.00018722347,0.000107519794,0.00092924084,0.0007390551,0.000037476566,0.014528083,0.018971192,0.0011982914,0.07845696,0.053316295,0.8313227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001213197,0.00016518823,0.0021988861,0.00037337732,0.000072449555,0.00004422371,0.0032206986,0.011552808,0.00016384084,0.0010130306,0.9794516,0.00053073175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003139224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013787425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92613524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051251065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001710599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116715068","doi":"10.1063/5.0304390","title":"Effect of corner film flow on two-phase relative permeability: A pore-scale perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Wetting; Relative permeability; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Capillary number; Viscosity; Capillary action; Permeability (electromagnetism); Contact angle","score_opus":0.010210578818406682,"score_gpt":0.30032991275783877,"score_spread":0.29011933393943207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116715068","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.939603,0.00033750775,0.01478499,0.000074786556,0.0002428585,0.00046149935,0.00010036658,0.00014628608,0.044248737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99934953,0.0000066211674,0.00037517404,0.000014488107,0.000052812095,0.000023655613,0.000009321851,0.00002066687,0.00014773077],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914074,0.000064836946,0.00025256537,0.00019978765,0.000193038,0.00014901957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987941,0.00058453245,0.000040312076,0.00032744228,0.00022575971,0.0000278911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017907198,0.00018722407,0.00042691288,0.00006999214,0.000041354695,0.0000058107175,0.00010189923,0.000045153523,0.0000158231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013865418,0.0001667076,0.00016230093,0.0003269542,0.0001417673,0.00013569406,0.00004906624,0.00015193467,0.000011090987],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012621838,0.0010982027,0.005702953,0.001638831,0.0023790116,0.0000069402363,0.027438756,0.7674151,0.058733348,0.094740994,0.0028420095,0.036741666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0065130917,0.001268022,0.0029047152,0.00035745793,0.00046248725,4.0439352e-7,0.00090504385,0.70415294,0.2637036,0.01905308,0.00023370484,0.00044543197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013955435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017871567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20497027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012593085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019853434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6798138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7116927379","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.110617","title":"Effects of flow slip and temperature jump on heat transfer in a ribbed microfluidic channel using lattice Boltzmann method","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; National Science and Technology Council","keywords":"Temperature jump; Knudsen number; Heat transfer; Reynolds number; Slip (aerodynamics); Lattice Boltzmann methods; Thermal; Jump","score_opus":0.015080750900654635,"score_gpt":0.3016650707799251,"score_spread":0.28658431987927047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7116927379","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915275,0.0033411512,0.0034533166,0.0004335161,0.0008490317,0.0000800249,0.000004079413,0.000009152155,0.00030225323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977259,0.00019376405,0.0018200467,0.00015034461,0.00008885516,0.0000011301211,1.6752948e-7,0.000005546854,0.00001425577],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903375,0.00006852711,0.00032562384,0.00010224151,0.00034783978,0.00012203123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993558,0.0004037749,0.000028058606,0.00003746789,0.00014617009,0.000028721315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053662003,0.00010685393,0.00021246716,0.00039844765,0.00004667483,0.000048595284,0.0002631275,0.000048149766,0.0000054592347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008068095,0.0000814283,0.0000635725,0.00026103482,0.00008634695,0.00026420003,0.000029746878,0.000157352,5.1852527e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001290833,0.000072871415,0.0019551965,0.000100002835,0.00026990974,0.000034751243,0.001837183,0.2928839,0.6996708,0.0003934329,0.00008714746,0.0025656954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035791614,0.0002560629,0.10112516,0.0021404312,0.00014018136,0.00007492386,0.00063882134,0.29245412,0.5977277,0.0010372568,0.0004600905,0.00036607697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019107032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000040395416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10194311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006320686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003638723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33205494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7118027651","doi":"10.1145/3712285.3787165","title":"10.1145/3712285.3787165","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Session (web analytics); Key (lock); Component (thermodynamics); Training (meteorology)","score_opus":0.007248952273181495,"score_gpt":0.18156635585033312,"score_spread":0.17431740357715161,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7118027651","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0036247517,0.00013060564,0.0000068814325,0.00008872483,0.000005050055,0.00011690563,0.000007667631,0.0006291334,0.9953903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0075383345,7.441337e-7,0.00018746816,0.00003534877,0.00010937519,0.000013733482,0.0000050240037,0.00003568949,0.9920743],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993777,0.000008905914,0.000147241,0.00012262726,0.00013065539,0.00021286403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.00004779896,0.000007005603,0.00021127403,0.00002822916,0.00007918242],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005543695,0.00012462807,0.0001418013,0.000053421532,0.00005019063,0.000026246578,0.00010509105,0.000039863076,0.976509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014392996,0.0001268271,0.000037085516,0.00016924895,0.000013801044,0.00009593891,0.000021373373,0.00006222883,0.98444104],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018121766,0.000017220324,0.0000013632016,0.000016487747,0.00006936956,0.0000055137275,0.00009188172,0.10764284,0.00010169542,0.0000031541756,0.3398323,0.5522001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015523125,0.00001928475,0.00021567594,0.000007980105,0.000012834814,0.0000015682388,9.858351e-7,0.008590952,0.00006410359,0.000005980885,0.9907638,0.00016164502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027096698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.452097e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6509315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003457887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040835434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51718587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7161138187","doi":"10.1109/meeget65999.2025.11512163","title":"Fluid–Structure Interaction in Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines: Recent Progress and Challenges in Lattice Boltzmann Method Applications","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Lattice Boltzmann methods; Lattice (music); Boltzmann constant; Context (archaeology)","score_opus":0.035555612613160814,"score_gpt":0.3241922082439276,"score_spread":0.28863659563076677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7161138187","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26911557,0.56282365,0.027398713,0.04516483,0.00471839,0.014018003,0.0001622661,0.0012990254,0.075299524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9369297,0.04832468,0.013656931,0.00011093441,0.00018872497,0.00031830283,0.00002523955,0.00007412293,0.00037134942],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967337,0.00023792902,0.0011511615,0.00098835,0.00028945238,0.0005993843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981749,0.0007274779,0.00014144047,0.0006109574,0.00023578976,0.00010941954],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055884366,0.0006130132,0.00080363813,0.0009596377,0.00014553113,0.00015646248,0.00025435208,0.00043178812,0.0001239911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014364468,0.0006293868,0.00007356963,0.0014849904,0.000120556804,0.0006891572,0.00030694914,0.0007600428,0.000022578253],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024170846,0.00047594556,0.0175211,0.0036655518,0.000641652,0.00002128196,0.00991345,0.028182046,0.0008127211,0.022621293,0.0002973177,0.91560596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0067101205,0.00023687536,0.28757605,0.0021546085,0.00052417786,0.000037196227,0.02447728,0.20495561,0.0024879493,0.010537584,0.45796582,0.002336726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008520164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019207026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9132692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000551069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006781328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W89050668","doi":"","title":"A rectangular immersed finite element space for interface problems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"Nova Science Publishers, Inc. eBooks","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Finite element method; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Piecewise; Discontinuous Galerkin method; Boundary value problem; Space (punctuation); Piecewise linear function; Jump; Partial differential equation; Galerkin method; Interface (matter); Cartesian coordinate system; Convergence (economics); Geometry; Computer science; Physics; Surface tension","score_opus":0.039624651688465205,"score_gpt":0.27331499922512786,"score_spread":0.23369034753666265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W89050668","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00021260831,0.0006875737,0.020389654,0.00028324014,0.003120197,0.0026281958,0.00009049351,0.00075167214,0.9718364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02752741,0.000028407641,0.0085447505,0.00038011305,0.00091132417,0.00035885992,0.00018111666,0.0003573071,0.9617107],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99551654,0.00002253871,0.00085640815,0.0010725445,0.0012700856,0.0012619044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972127,0.00030772566,0.00031656463,0.000977572,0.0008900382,0.0002954166],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016291826,0.00075642666,0.0007369985,0.00093468116,0.00041572287,0.0013872129,0.0014158164,0.00038503314,0.00028614647],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036088232,0.0007519534,0.00020506789,0.00046892106,0.000760063,0.001119965,0.00042449575,0.00067895383,0.000076497905],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008688692,0.00008575036,0.00007556822,0.0018709771,0.00085869717,0.000029249284,0.0085539,0.084432684,0.0043145106,0.0060883313,0.8569604,0.036643002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088439375,0.00011621698,0.00001638521,0.00033878544,0.00009243273,0.0000067093492,0.00035522052,0.02657451,0.00058463245,0.0023208917,0.96769047,0.0010193612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034474426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000105144936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11073002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015068072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007830557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99964947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}