{"meta":{"query_hash":"de7320de13b8","filters":{"topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics"},"cohort_total":699,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":699,"exported":699,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/de7320de13b8","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Orbital+Angular+Momentum+in+Optics"},"results":[{"id":"W1137293258","doi":"10.1038/srep13197","title":"Efficient Optical Energy Harvesting in Self-Accelerating Beams","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Energy harvesting; Energy (signal processing); Physics","score_opus":0.0183668830415265,"score_gpt":0.2375757181363292,"score_spread":0.21920883509480268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1137293258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93763787,0.000035498913,0.0015186492,0.00004640364,0.0033660592,0.000106419146,8.809372e-7,0.00006452414,0.057223696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876058,2.097773e-8,0.008443605,0.000008930116,0.0001930385,0.000019258012,0.000023344555,0.000016664339,0.003689334],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980598,0.000030590083,0.00048841175,0.0005409322,0.00047866857,0.00040155853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990071,0.000025327636,0.00017260219,0.0004529446,0.00012965243,0.0002123433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001107404,0.0001430949,0.00016566041,0.00011105017,0.00014715453,0.0004125053,0.00011594649,0.000031626776,0.00006147547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005347135,0.0001354728,0.00006269536,0.00045136685,0.00009471464,0.000102157785,0.00016464703,0.00012028053,0.000028584293],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025607646,0.004213251,0.42531407,0.00009695741,0.00018995065,0.0030788523,0.0108421715,0.21076909,0.045631368,0.169188,0.010566857,0.12008383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027015477,0.00029492844,0.006375586,0.0004763496,0.00013680257,0.00047925382,0.0076907673,0.43485647,0.19046393,0.13492396,0.2181188,0.003481579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023745964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000090605745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4189385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019906678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5524421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1504636476","doi":"10.1109/ccece.2015.7129492","title":"Super-resolution focusing with polarized optical beam","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Numerical aperture; Beam (structure); Lens (geology); Aperture (computer memory); Acceleration; Resolution (logic); Physics; Wavelength; Optical tweezers; Image resolution; Computer science","score_opus":0.01635664276309676,"score_gpt":0.22990420209782741,"score_spread":0.21354755933473066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1504636476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80350745,0.000016491207,0.04893164,0.000441651,0.00009939146,0.000120372526,0.000003382055,0.00005613625,0.14682351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847757,4.8167298e-8,0.012883884,0.000028753762,0.00023698558,0.00000501437,0.000015311345,0.000014307678,0.002039974],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999365,0.00000997516,0.00009933246,0.00013575575,0.00018070416,0.00020928637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996114,0.000015052996,0.000019754747,0.00014895736,0.00006947534,0.00013538072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008129394,0.00009784886,0.000101632584,0.000025298415,0.000040591276,0.00005229753,0.00006942044,0.0000224354,0.00013180399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004519266,0.000072939234,0.000030623414,0.00008505032,0.00005079166,0.00011280198,0.00005358924,0.00008831918,0.0000687855],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003394073,0.0014729511,0.2023013,0.00002048646,0.0003971516,0.000026753252,0.001540123,0.00065393385,0.04179567,0.74148107,0.0024877398,0.007483439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.042442847,0.00660367,0.018504305,0.00035344937,0.0012351145,0.00013839624,0.034939244,0.08038836,0.5770829,0.15314,0.077387184,0.0077845794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022728345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037063164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58834106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031245167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057274225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29743755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1506357023","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2015.05.014","title":"Axial Optical Traps: A New Direction for Optical Tweezers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Force spectroscopy; Interferometry; Tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Microscope; Physics; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Atomic force microscopy","score_opus":0.04621407465572236,"score_gpt":0.3315952978225192,"score_spread":0.2853812231667968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1506357023","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00018588809,0.9333729,0.041373346,0.00043039094,0.00692885,0.002565527,0.00039758228,0.00017220117,0.014573326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0004550791,0.85982704,0.02670159,0.000074884934,0.10102354,0.0003336033,0.00077279273,0.0006804637,0.010131001],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99736416,0.00007003333,0.00083519355,0.00047120953,0.00056938664,0.0006900104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980039,0.0001898119,0.0003961279,0.00029200612,0.00017169557,0.00094648625],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002845076,0.0006307561,0.0017065563,0.0001397907,0.0001838457,0.000356913,0.00047271684,0.00027519526,0.00014608039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003618699,0.0004864156,0.0018422294,0.00027180975,0.00014042115,0.00019623821,0.000117761905,0.0011101761,0.000283365],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002531536,0.000339075,5.558251e-7,0.0004011106,0.00043096577,0.000010283066,0.0000230273,0.0000012958279,0.00004438016,0.0163184,0.009561507,0.97284406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067443954,0.00039459064,7.3783e-7,0.0010275318,0.0013959471,0.00007115432,0.000029903538,0.000044377615,0.000037762024,0.0030577665,0.9926926,0.00057322835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074604104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6333355e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.98313105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025872677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00091474346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1509062017","doi":"10.1109/icra.2015.7139292","title":"Modelling and control of optical manipulation for cell rotation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Computer science; Rotation (mathematics); Torque; Tweezers; Robot; Holography; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.02793701812451332,"score_gpt":0.24251229651521022,"score_spread":0.2145752783906969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1509062017","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2935537,0.000008871517,0.7005044,0.000027579803,0.000019319576,0.00011478947,0.0000036362521,0.0000033990173,0.005764275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97567356,9.432676e-8,0.023969563,0.0000048268807,0.000047842295,0.000008127336,0.000012404759,0.000004369024,0.00027919965],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975586,0.0000033953893,0.000085798834,0.000053990545,0.000048518497,0.000052445674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982136,0.000023653833,0.000028168652,0.00003677278,0.000058525566,0.000031534073],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056212393,0.000034332515,0.00005623857,0.000011475547,0.000010611713,0.000009089093,0.000015281887,0.000010706415,0.000008744771],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011585506,0.00003087373,0.000017259756,0.000013827284,0.000009597523,0.00005569522,0.0000058839178,0.0000141758965,0.0000019021587],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000855452,0.00022482297,0.016989047,0.00004888077,0.000037767815,1.04127764e-7,0.0004780456,0.28120023,0.004204559,0.6929715,0.00011488358,0.00364455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008984677,0.00006960256,0.00003950133,0.000002094152,0.000018509567,4.7631517e-8,0.00028864035,0.9567509,0.010989057,0.030830776,0.00006710749,0.0000452581],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018558338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2387142e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6821199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000041274834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007743738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1258994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1526509021","doi":"10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.03.009","title":"Generation and application of bessel beams in electron microscopy","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultramicroscopy","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Holography; Bessel beam; Optics; Interferometry; Electron microscope; Electron; Physics; Cathode ray; Beam (structure); Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.005318039803968746,"score_gpt":0.2610238276658767,"score_spread":0.25570578786190795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1526509021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9605102,0.000058938145,0.03871412,0.00010866937,0.00004637405,0.00017822959,0.00003186096,0.000009420685,0.0003422167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966878,0.000015867003,0.0029654757,0.000015722027,0.00008230919,0.000022591115,0.000028882392,0.000013240609,0.0001680912],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993665,0.000015377345,0.00019599921,0.00018934734,0.00006432833,0.00016841594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996863,0.000025392217,0.00008054384,0.00014964066,0.000029414457,0.000028715618],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000075202945,0.000097823475,0.00012205382,0.00004883781,0.000028216764,0.00001567244,0.00007070153,0.000029612136,0.000011648393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029668236,0.0000776647,0.000023965533,0.00009208683,0.000074006224,0.00010462973,0.000017806473,0.000048342677,0.00001027736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067116325,0.00007207722,0.05674185,0.000006949401,0.0000065713903,5.6793134e-8,0.00007691337,0.000003942659,0.9316247,0.005238369,0.000039048195,0.006182797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004200142,0.00005324786,0.0056962864,0.000017532599,0.0000063917755,3.7237075e-7,0.000024814091,0.00013367766,0.99138355,0.0017304153,0.0004339869,0.00009972435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013208664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009217175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05975882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028071465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019461486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31670746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1535931814","doi":"10.1002/jbio.201300017","title":"Radiation pressure on a biconcave human Red Blood Cell and the resulting deformation in a pair of parallel optical traps","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biophotonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Elasticity (physics); Wavefront; Optics; Materials science; Optical tweezers; Stress (linguistics); Elastic modulus; Deformation (meteorology); Gaussian beam; Total internal reflection; Mechanics; Physics; Beam (structure); Composite material","score_opus":0.004822472160336633,"score_gpt":0.2062120686680809,"score_spread":0.20138959650774427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1535931814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976081,0.0001706749,0.000056474775,0.00035214375,0.00004350877,0.00022425086,0.000004269895,0.0000018795429,0.0015386565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987771,0.000019177332,0.0010670251,0.000019589537,0.00005833186,0.0000057507477,0.0000029593057,0.0000068009144,0.000043300915],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910235,0.0000595696,0.00048782217,0.00006260914,0.0001745739,0.00011308671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920803,0.00008973673,0.0004801672,0.00009998838,0.00008100983,0.00004105237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041636318,0.00008336463,0.00019356719,0.00007251097,0.00004437994,0.000038103914,0.00009697468,0.000042187894,0.000023144015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016582571,0.000054342636,0.00008530425,0.00008310995,0.00005905251,0.00015251999,0.000022940947,0.00023147542,0.0000015713571],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0027593542,0.007579661,0.14068486,0.0009854352,0.0020821146,0.00004158027,0.044760887,0.02198542,0.56902,0.17078699,0.0020624038,0.037251312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.072644286,0.00541594,0.16786824,0.0010995843,0.0013981429,0.00008444263,0.015646592,0.17362063,0.50447154,0.052580982,0.0038374574,0.0013321796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004204966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.2180014e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1516352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012518198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026633874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22160284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1595320541","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.54.8.084106","title":"Measuring velocity with Bessel beam fringes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College; Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Bessel beam; Beam (structure); Measure (data warehouse); Physics; Light beam; Intensity (physics); Laser beams; Basis (linear algebra); Laser; Mathematics; Computer science; Geometry","score_opus":0.017912075726068438,"score_gpt":0.19339878812444772,"score_spread":0.1754867123983793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1595320541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90282327,0.00005467115,0.073531836,0.00009779091,0.00016713064,0.000096119096,0.0000040853797,0.00012498524,0.023100128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791219,2.3464561e-7,0.02041664,0.0000056886806,0.000240503,0.0000137345005,0.000004579319,0.000028498742,0.00016817833],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925226,0.000002268698,0.000106480016,0.00015579302,0.00021210554,0.00027111464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995405,0.00002508661,0.000017016993,0.00015532182,0.000054783308,0.00020726942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000907302,0.00013919584,0.00013594115,0.000031719715,0.000031988766,0.000051825155,0.000108496264,0.00002552916,0.000016498601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015748688,0.0001223883,0.000033813954,0.00010560347,0.000022707081,0.00011689993,0.00006731317,0.0001671705,0.000041885287],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008010745,0.0007343003,0.031007808,0.00019702794,0.0006925909,0.00008863562,0.001378543,0.47066078,0.014948221,0.46442986,0.00044290646,0.015339225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0093309255,0.0015795071,0.026211375,0.0009812737,0.0005854732,0.0000799903,0.003423666,0.41258493,0.49066117,0.008231047,0.040079765,0.0062508816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015582453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8300718e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47571295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003891984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027232149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.499085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1623791901","doi":"10.1109/pn.2015.7292500","title":"Laser Bessel velocimtery","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Photodetector; Bessel beam; Bessel function; Optics; Laser; Measure (data warehouse); Laser beams; Physics; SIGNAL (programming language); Materials science; Optoelectronics; Computer science","score_opus":0.019992804765258426,"score_gpt":0.23999268620076217,"score_spread":0.21999988143550375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1623791901","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4055193,0.000012479494,0.006219261,0.00025661697,0.00024988747,0.000053441996,0.0000061647847,0.000042697167,0.58764017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97627217,7.706797e-8,0.002144841,0.000086904285,0.00023347371,0.000005163793,0.000011856292,0.000008098636,0.021237394],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965054,0.000006047463,0.000065289416,0.00007772735,0.00008755795,0.00011281876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974966,0.00000680455,0.000014389355,0.00011218413,0.00003414478,0.00008283508],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044819913,0.00005624583,0.000054545155,0.000013101804,0.000017003345,0.0000247831,0.000066931774,0.000010661747,0.0003793229],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000012220632,0.000046924764,0.000028503058,0.000046234152,0.000015835038,0.000074277676,0.000047504316,0.00004107909,0.0006499086],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015255626,0.0008256128,0.18133353,0.000011205529,0.00021685883,0.000014913239,0.00129925,0.0001717589,0.0006172334,0.42487168,0.32767105,0.06295165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00412963,0.00035519898,0.004930186,0.000030265415,0.00009854172,0.0000052578066,0.009533886,0.006688652,0.09440735,0.2306667,0.6475409,0.0016134343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048236554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.4110847e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57075286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009354253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024137627,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8353477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1757592604","doi":"10.1364/ao.54.005949","title":"Diffraction-resistant scalar beams generated by a parabolic reflector and a source of spherical waves","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Diffraction; Optics; Parabolic reflector; Reflector (photography); Wavelength; Physics; Diffraction efficiency; Fresnel diffraction; Materials science; Light source","score_opus":0.011993009663100745,"score_gpt":0.23563512235387632,"score_spread":0.22364211269077558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1757592604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842988,0.00020595298,0.008630626,0.00007237263,0.00006337771,0.00018151026,0.000033227312,0.000030785923,0.006483321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886094,0.0000075182775,0.010472631,0.000037887894,0.00015235857,0.00002186995,0.000052395182,0.00003055294,0.00061540864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908876,0.00001603534,0.0002471603,0.00020978686,0.00020949489,0.00022876007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993938,0.000037462032,0.00011915271,0.00020769348,0.00006617473,0.00017571475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007944424,0.00016543995,0.00024020342,0.000020543215,0.000053970387,0.0000431122,0.00009667494,0.00005554182,0.00003173158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006492568,0.00015223889,0.000038618437,0.0001548673,0.00011852709,0.00004373628,0.000078090765,0.00013285261,0.000018963885],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043568065,0.0019002669,0.008339591,0.000095674266,0.00064225186,0.000005173012,0.0024158477,0.0016960215,0.8399369,0.11579524,0.01052378,0.018213546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013944551,0.0018441401,0.0052644843,0.0001446033,0.0010700152,0.000015241932,0.014846403,0.04137264,0.6739837,0.051006693,0.1923951,0.004112393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000074510055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.36138e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18187134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023869476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042626645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6208122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1842217810","doi":"10.1109/ultsym.1992.275827","title":"Graphical simulation of superluminal acoustic localized wave pulses","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Superluminal motion; Interference (communication); Physics; Point (geometry); Field (mathematics); Wave equation; Point source; Computer science; Acoustics; Computational physics; Optics; Astrophysics; Telecommunications; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Pure mathematics","score_opus":0.012685695647310187,"score_gpt":0.24592018307649977,"score_spread":0.2332344874291896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1842217810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76659864,0.000016563072,0.19983427,0.000020936357,0.00009399834,0.000116625066,0.000009440582,0.00001782348,0.033291675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977351,2.6891118e-7,0.0014217178,0.0000129803075,0.00003779161,0.0000036699157,0.000011835857,0.000009037403,0.0007676019],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994122,0.000027720447,0.00017582072,0.00011117694,0.00013467886,0.00013842262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996592,0.00007181874,0.00003504221,0.00012791037,0.000058916,0.000047109996],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006435491,0.0000856427,0.00012405094,0.00003704768,0.00003100244,0.000011694882,0.000040158542,0.000025651118,0.0021509072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013733923,0.00007336221,0.000080375066,0.000121726815,0.00006437607,0.000060173905,0.000014336466,0.00006000214,0.000018472974],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056658522,0.0011886783,0.11358113,0.0000725642,0.00023619253,0.000006919194,0.0003655996,0.059287593,0.02236165,0.79874927,0.00033826128,0.0037555036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045701223,0.00077108736,0.0058213114,0.000078978475,0.0004159452,0.000006970949,0.0037945171,0.64236665,0.14996414,0.18092377,0.009940605,0.0013459226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022212984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.495848e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6178255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006584337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020024272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99876124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963344285","doi":"10.1109/qels.2005.1548915","title":"Photons with an orbital angular momentum generated in an optical fiber","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum; Photon; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Optics; Optical fiber; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008437748723504794,"score_gpt":0.23814562496124225,"score_spread":0.22970787623773745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1963344285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9679759,0.000010196456,0.0004457499,0.00015645898,0.000029118379,0.00019982236,0.000017608028,0.000055602814,0.031109545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787603,1.6149349e-7,0.016753916,0.00006207011,0.00028296644,0.000032585027,0.00015332755,0.000035483317,0.0039192056],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881935,0.000030879248,0.00022251433,0.00033489038,0.00019890044,0.00039347858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993538,0.000009613309,0.00003504389,0.0003367582,0.00005157181,0.00021315929],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000835925,0.00020500094,0.00018399405,0.00007341407,0.00005820521,0.00010510343,0.00016583076,0.000044328823,0.0049348697],"category_scores_gemma":[7.6667163e-7,0.00016564429,0.000039063507,0.0001731571,0.00006787581,0.0005225897,0.000049667422,0.00016686115,0.00026007195],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009425595,0.027669292,0.25849384,0.000062530904,0.0008667476,0.00054385205,0.00595224,0.033110775,0.19554873,0.39014205,0.0044837696,0.08218361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015819065,0.0076465574,0.039914314,0.00011377482,0.0003251008,0.00008295318,0.009915041,0.25986546,0.61758983,0.007542898,0.035095014,0.006089996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013336637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000108239365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4220411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047869253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047651978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959748},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964546283","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.114.034801","title":"Holographic Generation of Highly Twisted Electron Beams","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Electron; Magnetic moment; Wavefront; Holography; Beam (structure); Moment (physics); Electron holography; Optics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Computational physics; Atomic physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.027230481743937315,"score_gpt":0.2855379707087319,"score_spread":0.25830748896479455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964546283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99304956,0.0019169307,0.0010901521,0.0023943728,0.00009217925,0.00024997882,0.000008757602,0.000021056141,0.0011769943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99754256,0.00007526599,0.00027212358,0.0015266476,0.0004416894,0.000029333629,0.0000797065,0.000014214998,0.000018457926],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991691,0.00006692982,0.00020290476,0.0001683727,0.00021076204,0.00018189603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948853,0.00001935819,0.00012509518,0.00022835458,0.00005773846,0.00008090361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000121597346,0.00012764157,0.00027965894,0.000026423171,0.000018525276,0.000010597116,0.0001280613,0.0000054087404,0.000014354162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000083338155,0.00010806585,0.00016640354,0.00023223125,0.0000612332,0.000087238084,0.000033383298,0.000107724256,0.000053768053],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021377304,0.0015183773,0.009573749,0.0009204075,0.0004381285,0.0000063570415,0.00048482328,0.0006677769,0.82094806,0.081073605,0.07092232,0.01342502],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0083274115,0.0037614682,0.0117550185,0.005153359,0.0037419253,0.000015464786,0.0002128843,0.022297418,0.65872264,0.05015145,0.22980171,0.0060592634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022856233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8321745e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16222544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018817427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018302228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44067976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966084146","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2011.11.114","title":"Homogenization of on-axis intensity distribution produced by a Fresnel refractive axicon","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College; Laurentian University","funders":"Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Monochromatic color; Fresnel diffraction; Physics; Diffraction; Wavelength; Homogenization (climate); Laser; Materials science; Laser beams","score_opus":0.030849192294101987,"score_gpt":0.2520488544017481,"score_spread":0.22119966210764613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966084146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8260942,0.00017074287,0.047840677,0.00097293005,0.00023393914,0.0009380499,0.0019085831,0.000101694364,0.121739164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99174637,0.000023319068,0.006883947,0.00001553007,0.00002054344,0.000032598182,0.0010535201,0.000014613444,0.00020956587],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993294,0.00005273181,0.00023803081,0.00014402022,0.00011068266,0.00012516456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99811125,0.000057879297,0.0001973618,0.0012563248,0.00032962018,0.0000475752],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104499835,0.000108952874,0.00013943872,0.00003071028,0.00016008112,0.0000147851,0.0004247891,0.000037850845,0.00007609298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004012202,0.000113510294,0.000060805978,0.00019728746,0.00016011756,0.000113177426,0.00022534587,0.00018448207,0.000036435104],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007394017,0.003877901,0.01692883,0.000019204548,0.00031405297,3.0256749e-7,0.003033452,0.000026404272,0.02562359,0.9424484,0.0022280398,0.0054259016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026701805,0.0015664728,0.035901915,0.0003059474,0.000676659,0.0000024880346,0.0077876286,0.033576597,0.8223534,0.07315943,0.020046944,0.001952309],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014575354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024092917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.869289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004284261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030776602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46288154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966745080","doi":"10.1364/laop.2014.ltu2d.3","title":"Curved and Self-Healing Discharges Guided by Optical Beams","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Laser beams; Optics; Laser; Electric field; Line (geometry); Line-of-sight; Self-healing; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009113995783919292,"score_gpt":0.2315798486471531,"score_spread":0.2224658528632338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966745080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8928945,0.0003255943,0.04243354,0.0009706312,0.00018071069,0.00038488663,0.00012835058,0.00010672529,0.06257503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94554234,0.0002385959,0.05357073,0.0001471732,0.000056312652,0.000019958037,0.000064946216,0.000027723718,0.00033224752],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987135,0.000044077795,0.00030335042,0.00038695495,0.00018423943,0.00036786246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991015,0.00016882093,0.00013811748,0.00027040485,0.00008740641,0.00023372771],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015660882,0.00025482904,0.00032957757,0.000028245457,0.00017365487,0.00021667521,0.00015165163,0.000058223108,0.00013222921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023651104,0.0002364429,0.000046618767,0.000098913646,0.0002003244,0.00009299962,0.00018351496,0.00023943062,0.000011313737],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045111177,0.0010144012,0.03374764,0.00026188252,0.00041893488,0.0000037471698,0.0033186362,0.00026042663,0.017120609,0.88509643,0.0014137075,0.0572985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016040057,0.0006116119,0.0016980354,0.000109690736,0.00019242392,0.00000662723,0.0010139047,0.8878003,0.0075273076,0.030961903,0.06707002,0.0014041928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000971309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.147431e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88753986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010177196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037911595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96418613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1966930501","doi":"10.1103/physreva.75.055801","title":"Particle-optical self-trapping","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Instability; Trapping; Rayleigh scattering; Beam (structure); Diffusion; Self-focusing; Optical tweezers; Refractive index; Particle (ecology); Optics; Parametric statistics; Mechanics; Laser beams; Quantum mechanics; Laser","score_opus":0.010039530229319709,"score_gpt":0.2993983769285805,"score_spread":0.2893588466992608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1966930501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8119669,0.007427016,0.01183315,0.0018799735,0.00021419625,0.00079417205,0.000005776828,0.00023990251,0.16563894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99808353,0.0001021517,0.0006815705,0.000385108,0.00059606665,0.00001791634,0.0000042237884,0.000016549126,0.00011287037],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899334,0.000017934473,0.00022301212,0.00019336157,0.0002096459,0.00036268443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940383,0.00010670699,0.00005322841,0.00023244222,0.00004017454,0.00016360216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023566745,0.0001377236,0.00025248938,0.00000957858,0.000051852345,0.000020229632,0.00013109758,0.000010074475,0.00015289646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014962855,0.0001148596,0.00019573787,0.00020245124,0.000037256967,0.00008843325,0.000066053384,0.00015272612,0.00052611175],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005189452,0.0011131031,0.0047649606,0.00047035262,0.00012235512,0.000010219632,0.00017239111,0.0000016424693,0.004024002,0.8757888,0.0009618799,0.112565115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027036944,0.00082484464,0.023244483,0.0049248296,0.0017958698,0.000018361641,0.0004611458,0.0045420895,0.14529113,0.27414286,0.53856295,0.0034877146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004074975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0233436e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60164595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020508414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001679057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67622775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967210398","doi":"10.1038/srep00966","title":"Flow-dependent double-nanohole optical trapping of 20 nm polystyrene nanospheres","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polystyrene; Trapping; Microfluidics; Nanoparticle; Optical tweezers; Particle (ecology); Flow (mathematics); Trap (plumbing); Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Chemical physics; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Mechanics; Optics; Physics; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.013100704776330031,"score_gpt":0.24181119327204192,"score_spread":0.2287104884957119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967210398","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9458732,0.00031738824,0.0015028381,0.00006510002,0.0070010135,0.0002549386,0.000010440502,0.000037702626,0.04493739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873441,2.5306147e-7,0.0017480124,0.0000048068314,0.00030276744,0.000016017224,0.00005897943,0.000020477257,0.010504579],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978797,0.000020703046,0.00057326746,0.00041127135,0.000590861,0.0005242381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99866223,0.000019512134,0.0002773842,0.0007101184,0.00011198153,0.00021874072],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007929934,0.00017455309,0.00024643968,0.00007033218,0.00018058585,0.00013842889,0.00015885412,0.00004831974,0.0011861976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008631228,0.00015601702,0.0001748265,0.00028782594,0.00022479748,0.00031342832,0.00015010554,0.0001164497,0.0000698447],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055095366,0.002513382,0.2029463,0.00013908932,0.00039711755,0.00010850016,0.002686124,0.0014200144,0.72052515,0.02910048,0.015517327,0.024591397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004885709,0.000037351892,0.0015341229,0.00006534738,0.000084692525,0.000045977755,0.0007475948,0.0002922789,0.9617264,0.005945811,0.028611017,0.00042082768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054639782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003454534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24120124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029334109,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000090338865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99972683},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967962361","doi":"10.1117/12.2049045","title":"Trapping, unfolding, identifying, and binding single proteins using the double-nanohole optical trap","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Folding (DSP implementation); Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Trapping; Laser; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Physics; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.018512904341039426,"score_gpt":0.2412880128123693,"score_spread":0.2227751084713299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967962361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99337804,0.00006259058,0.0006500633,0.0011835232,0.00025006986,0.0007242886,0.000025892585,0.00005995718,0.0036655522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94763774,0.000007537936,0.051094744,0.000040632523,0.00069181086,0.000114091905,0.000007747783,0.00007841386,0.00032725857],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976231,4.1891518e-8,0.0006982151,0.0004532008,0.0006891929,0.0005362692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984922,0.00012703777,0.00044153462,0.000089584886,0.0006984163,0.00015124178],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007763587,0.00039120167,0.00043462057,0.00010374933,0.00024484968,0.00036212802,0.00085099414,0.00014185868,0.000020841066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010818005,0.0002964582,0.00056863,0.0003283024,0.00041155252,0.00059002574,0.00028077775,0.00040719297,0.0000015800972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030603587,0.00012249051,0.0009665495,0.00019175325,0.00030115317,3.381679e-8,0.00023502718,0.000054225176,0.50555825,0.49201617,0.0002462448,0.00027748515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034323253,0.0006268857,0.00082356884,0.0009003643,0.0006326143,0.00002963179,0.0052506905,0.061283104,0.91298234,0.006549576,0.006437123,0.0010517907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025667727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.817382e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48546657,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000109798995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027979964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969449558","doi":"10.1007/s12200-012-0307-5","title":"Stress engineering and the applications of inhomogeneously polarized optical fields","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers of Optoelectronics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"China Oxford Scholarship Fund","keywords":"Polarimetry; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Stress (linguistics); Stress field; Field (mathematics); Computer science; Finite element method; Physics","score_opus":0.0017762622294100624,"score_gpt":0.17738722829694853,"score_spread":0.17561096606753845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969449558","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49733868,0.003310853,0.4953,0.00061225425,0.00011949228,0.00092855527,0.00003766384,0.000021555372,0.0023309481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879544,0.000024358855,0.011720966,0.000008158164,0.000048762526,0.00006927559,0.000011819493,0.000011651239,0.0001506288],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938154,0.000012072536,0.00020502454,0.00010437284,0.000107785585,0.00018920137],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955136,0.000049130565,0.000086791464,0.00020662026,0.00006502432,0.000041070736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007395715,0.0000957475,0.00020166674,0.00003467056,0.00003506158,0.000019464258,0.00017184537,0.000039274488,0.000029266539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000070928913,0.00007411429,0.00007366106,0.00009509244,0.00012977616,0.000059349735,0.00006593218,0.00014890515,0.0000016688405],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000117758085,0.0005306648,0.027950797,0.00016636345,0.0013225586,4.4782695e-7,0.0013610855,0.0030945693,0.015308231,0.91136134,0.0031624548,0.035623748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016307151,0.0012607158,0.004694925,0.00014418384,0.0012583713,0.000015721123,0.005855065,0.4246219,0.36061928,0.16428319,0.018677933,0.0022615346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009451116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.588822e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7470781,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000117204545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003441186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3022293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970225346","doi":"10.1364/oe.21.013193","title":"Longitudinal polarized focusing of radially polarized sinh-Gaussian beam","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Superposition principle; Gaussian beam; Physics; Beam (structure); Gaussian; M squared; Laser beam quality; Aperture (computer memory); Hyperbolic function; Radial polarization; Beam diameter; Laser beams; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.011170013062699472,"score_gpt":0.23099769365601486,"score_spread":0.2198276805933154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970225346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94585055,0.00011151294,0.029158035,0.00029673797,0.000504822,0.0006190295,0.00008639488,0.000060700728,0.023312189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9695888,0.0000021024102,0.028492715,0.000021659698,0.00040822529,0.00002653424,0.0000468275,0.000049862578,0.0013632367],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838936,0.00004125098,0.00046143084,0.0003157179,0.00032007287,0.0004721477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880457,0.00007707241,0.00024379713,0.000517182,0.00017237467,0.0001850099],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012490695,0.00027403436,0.00040333744,0.000099500634,0.00013280065,0.00016888327,0.00036189178,0.00008739251,0.0010008822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016324564,0.00026446485,0.00019930468,0.0001668227,0.0001522034,0.00036820016,0.00021246739,0.0002423698,0.00011707893],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003357883,0.00046546638,0.017390117,0.000047749905,0.00023837063,0.000004836007,0.00046593853,0.00005496218,0.9504697,0.029369669,0.00025370248,0.0012059327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013731774,0.00097398006,0.03504476,0.0006555051,0.00089014607,0.000024136849,0.002721474,0.009302314,0.85974365,0.06728769,0.005616106,0.004008431],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00072333426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011316291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.090725996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030032825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008078597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998075},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970548108","doi":"10.1002/jbio.200900107","title":"Stretching single DNA molecules to demonstrate high‐force capabilities of holographic optical tweezers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Biophotonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Generalitat de Catalunya; Michael Smith Health Research BC","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Holography; Trap (plumbing); Optical force; Displacement (psychology); Particle (ecology); Optics; Molecule; Calibration; Physics; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.004818461818198168,"score_gpt":0.21447556822687974,"score_spread":0.20965710640868157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970548108","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971375,0.00003336041,0.00042352974,0.00024477468,0.00053608854,0.000096798765,0.000031994266,0.000006943394,0.0014890486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825337,0.0000040334558,0.017216474,0.00003019478,0.00014429448,0.0000016188409,0.0000026047414,0.000019995314,0.00004711127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987249,0.00002542903,0.00055745133,0.00013543271,0.0002906381,0.00026617598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989257,0.000088497465,0.00034704362,0.00023100949,0.00021551656,0.00019222187],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028581475,0.0001659028,0.00033201548,0.00017228755,0.000052482028,0.00005287316,0.00029535822,0.00007459099,0.00008658266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034549415,0.00014285336,0.00024740695,0.00020676776,0.00019910326,0.00013220172,0.000073354815,0.0004634359,0.0000053134518],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004053489,0.00036244467,0.007899242,0.000027445318,0.00014714026,0.000016890443,0.00042007136,0.0003747568,0.9696546,0.019155646,0.000055061184,0.0018461681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061330135,0.0009295241,0.0023736975,0.00008677397,0.0001209329,0.00004338021,0.0023846533,0.00034359086,0.9768408,0.015602074,0.00035653458,0.0003047138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028944407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000063352113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016792946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002048072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010331911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5825391},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970812396","doi":"10.1364/josaa.27.000076","title":"Power carried by a nonparaxial TM beam","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Poynting vector; Physics; Paraxial approximation; Beam (structure); Optics; Aperture (computer memory); Transverse plane; Effective radiated power; Beam diameter; M squared; Power (physics); Geometrical optics; Magnetic field; Radiation; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0034464270198161662,"score_gpt":0.22091913073048464,"score_spread":0.21747270371066846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970812396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9545786,0.00023174933,0.012090803,0.01256897,0.00041819454,0.00016914881,0.000040356645,0.000009957119,0.019892234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98898387,0.000006560418,0.009830783,0.00061307976,0.00020727896,3.6273929e-7,9.431882e-7,0.000009303668,0.00034782448],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989556,0.000019373263,0.00036315384,0.00008196421,0.00037513764,0.00020476792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991817,0.000047365837,0.00037708072,0.00016915421,0.00011001983,0.00011466695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000117639116,0.00011807021,0.00028873002,0.000008314289,0.00007336242,0.000026304968,0.00034405032,0.00003836306,0.0002487286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012822422,0.000076745135,0.0007288226,0.0001495934,0.00022470872,0.0000848689,0.000060373557,0.0003197658,0.0000061793703],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034916386,0.0046786033,0.004687182,0.000034617507,0.00203705,0.000007171578,0.0065383986,0.0009899475,0.36785215,0.0053977715,0.567002,0.040425915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013938619,0.013843744,0.03089682,0.00071117136,0.0018923391,0.00020721275,0.030920647,0.005568105,0.3480262,0.068547696,0.48225978,0.003187664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008494984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7010676e-9,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.084742226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035803652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005185444,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31295758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971227213","doi":"10.1364/ol.33.001392","title":"Nonparaxial elegant Laguerre-Gaussian beams","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Laguerre polynomials; Physics; Helmholtz equation; Bessel function; Optics; Limit (mathematics); Gaussian; Light beam; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics; Boundary value problem","score_opus":0.008785147627343266,"score_gpt":0.2093787983963507,"score_spread":0.20059365076900745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971227213","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9536057,0.000015483334,0.0073054684,0.0020945459,0.0005832357,0.00015544923,0.000026681531,0.00005997067,0.03615347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98811775,0.0000028770517,0.008380867,0.00072313,0.00096355064,0.000014670542,0.000053155956,0.00003908495,0.0017049297],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988436,0.000018601842,0.0002228578,0.00024983886,0.00025153146,0.00041353388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999413,0.000025077434,0.00007766353,0.0003290251,0.000025361676,0.00012983645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056556335,0.000202686,0.000186106,0.00005429641,0.0001907622,0.00004622698,0.0002215468,0.000035900113,0.0002785197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000304725,0.00019763752,0.00013301913,0.00012993331,0.00014827968,0.00013749713,0.00008005543,0.00021784545,0.00045777683],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016336869,0.0027477024,0.22811441,0.00011593405,0.0014801093,0.0013097443,0.00749091,0.0075433133,0.25368455,0.35246924,0.13217427,0.012706433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019937666,0.00190259,0.09355217,0.0004350706,0.0011185537,0.0006163289,0.004275294,0.034971826,0.26355183,0.017432334,0.5478504,0.014355996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005669493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.3372613e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4156761,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000310986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030344734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8059424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972986977","doi":"10.1364/ol.38.003546","title":"Exact solution to simultaneous intensity and phase encryption with a single phase-only hologram","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":366,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; European Commission","keywords":"Holography; Optics; Phase (matter); Spatial light modulator; Amplitude; Phase modulation; Physics; Spatial frequency; Phase retrieval; Intensity (physics); Computer science; Fourier transform; Phase noise","score_opus":0.008805964235521537,"score_gpt":0.2372866664012562,"score_spread":0.22848070216573466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972986977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9325502,0.0000053985473,0.06441942,0.0019440951,0.00009255814,0.00038346433,0.000015852147,0.00004452768,0.000544465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835998,5.906596e-7,0.015254015,0.00077552075,0.0001647564,0.00002225911,0.00005054487,0.000023422785,0.000109098095],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910575,0.000017372824,0.00015470634,0.0002646498,0.00014500805,0.00031252526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943703,0.00004696997,0.00007143204,0.00020331722,0.00009091417,0.00015032967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051652492,0.00018072604,0.00016691489,0.00006311735,0.000103169026,0.00014730699,0.00008139122,0.00003144918,0.00007505418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010847873,0.0001610546,0.000038237024,0.00011701227,0.00010136033,0.00018191239,0.00006255597,0.00013555995,0.00009622225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018443441,0.0019290238,0.0030945898,0.000026741496,0.0001707688,0.00005304125,0.0010690565,0.0011109817,0.8891943,0.0009794066,0.0022895748,0.09989804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06423569,0.041767377,0.006763234,0.0010287239,0.0020885547,0.00073040626,0.011281893,0.57776856,0.24106567,0.0073735397,0.034220755,0.011675624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010848388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025481831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6481287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043565014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011539107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6567616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973054241","doi":"10.1364/fio.2014.fm4e.4","title":"High-dimensional Quantum Key Distribution with Photonic Orbital Angular Momentum","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum key distribution; Quantum cryptography; Angular momentum; Quantum channel; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Photonics; Photon; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Quantum network; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Quantum information; Angular momentum coupling; Quantum; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0035316089012324783,"score_gpt":0.18851603862884334,"score_spread":0.18498442972761087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1973054241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9672134,0.000014545106,0.026805857,0.00028112612,0.00023911451,0.0001925228,0.000100513884,0.00008298227,0.0050699664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957554,2.0174086e-7,0.0013671285,0.000044179807,0.00023853636,0.00002761994,0.00073952123,0.000028232105,0.001799216],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868494,0.000035950692,0.00022648727,0.00032484127,0.00034057922,0.00038722038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993244,0.000030861767,0.000093458366,0.00032414056,0.00008793685,0.00013924103],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013582504,0.0002331835,0.00022298109,0.00003207016,0.00014375144,0.000068178124,0.00014460644,0.00003910449,0.0014169622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000041445114,0.00017796119,0.000086218235,0.0001541936,0.00009151169,0.00017147831,0.00009069493,0.00015080342,0.00030935573],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006318028,0.00049826264,0.008855847,0.000014914747,0.0001692333,0.000005902713,0.000056205456,0.0006095757,0.004363087,0.9797992,0.00470589,0.00085871504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017616225,0.006233385,0.039056372,0.00037153045,0.00086854317,0.000098086464,0.0018296604,0.19780514,0.363893,0.26873899,0.09680127,0.0066878074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029254588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004129952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7110602,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051979623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003989576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974398494","doi":"10.1364/josaa.26.002275","title":"On a class of electromagnetic diffraction-free beams","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Angular spectrum method; Bessel function; Physics; Electromagnetic field; Electromagnetic radiation; Generalization; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.004050732616027444,"score_gpt":0.21982502778366808,"score_spread":0.21577429516764063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974398494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753701,0.00008322839,0.0038886333,0.010422603,0.00016581766,0.000114791816,0.000008636902,0.0000044506323,0.009941748],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98303,0.000013127843,0.016205484,0.00034740646,0.00015739317,4.7267847e-7,3.7233227e-7,0.0000075341172,0.0002381729],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894494,0.000026374626,0.00038442528,0.00007164365,0.00040481036,0.00016783694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889845,0.00013874088,0.00052699377,0.00024832907,0.00011896207,0.00006852448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010746032,0.000102736645,0.00028693612,0.000015297954,0.000044993132,0.000011323217,0.0003781661,0.00003279633,0.00011154113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037114343,0.00006660695,0.0006589651,0.0001824494,0.00019153107,0.000058405436,0.000049353814,0.00033623524,0.0000026450416],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008753261,0.0123977205,0.0038144814,0.00013886593,0.0025606959,0.0000053886183,0.0037339136,0.0052681607,0.6039401,0.09421379,0.14038865,0.13266286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011592368,0.037607133,0.13460203,0.0011099104,0.0019733794,0.0000966716,0.009358905,0.016375238,0.19742846,0.5688882,0.01931125,0.0016564704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009591136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9306485e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4746744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038274975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051921244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27161527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1975887210","doi":"10.1117/12.860543","title":"Study of angular and position stability in optical trap of a nanorod","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Nanorod; Materials science; Trap (plumbing); Optics; Optical force; Optical tweezers; Torque; Tilt (camera); Maxwell stress tensor; Numerical aperture; Physics; Cauchy stress tensor; Nanotechnology; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.008327935954769175,"score_gpt":0.2256345526619191,"score_spread":0.2173066167071499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1975887210","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979168,0.000015766966,0.000012807016,0.00030860794,0.000104071376,0.000610052,0.000050488685,0.000013867731,0.0009674915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9792627,0.0000028475322,0.020505812,0.000005480446,0.000117970376,0.000060711947,0.0000047148137,0.000025591298,0.000014169045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982747,2.5292964e-8,0.00070631155,0.00029037695,0.00048805357,0.00024057219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985706,0.00009992835,0.00031750542,0.00006440996,0.00086841173,0.00007909754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005423938,0.00021782792,0.00042247568,0.00008545901,0.00003140559,0.00003425354,0.00043055136,0.000104461746,0.00001814687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012865939,0.00018980296,0.00029097823,0.00024020056,0.00033475622,0.00031302238,0.00015872442,0.00032177457,1.7347904e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006662259,0.0008906283,0.020618925,0.00025095584,0.00021533668,5.2805763e-8,0.0008788829,0.000017689772,0.60604876,0.37079775,0.000022307651,0.00019205258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004260585,0.0019465345,0.04701739,0.00032784426,0.00035975318,0.0000086954515,0.029012688,0.0101380935,0.897969,0.008294486,0.00007397241,0.000590953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049807782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.950953e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36250326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003801068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024416398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.773994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976061342","doi":"10.1109/metamaterials.2013.6808964","title":"Precision orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing communication using a metasurface","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Physics; Multiplexing; Optics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Vortex; MIMO; Optical vortex; Phase (matter); Optical communication; Dispersion (optics); Beam (structure); Channel (broadcasting); Computer science; Telecommunications; Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.017175301317648987,"score_gpt":0.2554501666155149,"score_spread":0.2382748652978659,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976061342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9625691,0.00016254006,0.02182638,0.00015016251,0.00010332067,0.00046325492,0.000012430861,0.00006448028,0.014648308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94381315,0.000001340856,0.0543946,0.000021009468,0.00005599209,0.000029697498,0.000053577427,0.000027380998,0.0016032694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889976,0.00006802031,0.00029943584,0.00022024283,0.00022765672,0.00028489734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907464,0.000067046894,0.00011874187,0.0005316725,0.000112370566,0.000095535725],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016877615,0.00017668413,0.00018520985,0.000056314784,0.00019057827,0.00016415282,0.00026621734,0.000036311885,0.002436373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000097609745,0.00015735529,0.000107130996,0.00016073413,0.000053189673,0.00054568273,0.0002668685,0.00014387742,0.00037482192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046710356,0.002597078,0.105517775,0.000099758014,0.0012551189,0.000007434101,0.0047250115,0.018891865,0.67543423,0.1368015,0.010214902,0.044408645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033106266,0.00022223344,0.008545913,0.00023624566,0.000244406,0.000012356672,0.010266741,0.697358,0.17998362,0.08837169,0.009266106,0.0021820564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013296655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022234872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67846614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005211343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019582456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99847555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976662932","doi":"10.1364/ol.37.002820","title":"Generation of linear and nonlinear nonparaxial accelerating beams","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Nonlinear system; Physics; Helmholtz equation; Optics; Nonlinear optics; Light beam; Helmholtz free energy; Classical mechanics; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.03362417361417576,"score_gpt":0.2599311274038134,"score_spread":0.22630695378963767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976662932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98990786,0.000026890311,0.007991545,0.0002601592,0.00023648636,0.00008355397,0.000016046031,0.000008431432,0.0014690293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9284322,0.0000014925491,0.06961783,0.00015017744,0.0016669577,0.0000042916654,0.000048023896,0.000015439417,0.00006356349],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940807,0.000013534674,0.0001754414,0.00009549736,0.00011246897,0.00019498714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996906,0.00002052449,0.00008045603,0.000118795346,0.000026741454,0.00006288105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009345483,0.00009833323,0.00011290101,0.000027654238,0.00006923011,0.000025339854,0.00005458794,0.000022983195,0.000050671293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004368259,0.00009691468,0.000038375823,0.000052114592,0.000048161248,0.0001699209,0.000052790627,0.00008831012,0.000012015431],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010193054,0.00035688758,0.13032416,0.000048090267,0.00016266234,0.0000012853906,0.0018393518,0.0018671737,0.83250916,0.02509596,0.00081246934,0.0069726356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026328852,0.00029349394,0.0077264286,0.00007963455,0.0003185672,0.0000101227215,0.0009615113,0.30035418,0.6791116,0.0002723589,0.006714876,0.0015243249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016229873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9558753e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.298487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008132138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007238978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3952066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977741779","doi":"10.1364/oe.17.018148","title":"Spatiotemporal bessel beams: theory and experiments","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Physics; Wave packet; Diffraction; Dispersion (optics); Gaussian; Laser; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.00901104645786183,"score_gpt":0.2535926657682367,"score_spread":0.24458161931037486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977741779","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9393795,0.00024242075,0.011701563,0.00011115903,0.00016537015,0.00018413822,0.000026011638,0.00004273057,0.048147116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992171,0.0000054764337,0.0058403597,0.000077257144,0.0002017426,0.000009817111,0.000027435164,0.00001483922,0.0016520913],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993033,0.000031392115,0.00015051145,0.00016568044,0.00013852294,0.00021063582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954945,0.000034130037,0.00005787348,0.00023415928,0.000032283966,0.000092130584],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000106060244,0.00014539316,0.00013283413,0.000029635725,0.000087603024,0.00008492296,0.0001278868,0.00003420394,0.00007934816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000043025143,0.00014047309,0.00004100705,0.000045257057,0.000055975142,0.00014949447,0.00006521254,0.00009388889,0.000016832177],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053417873,0.00058668223,0.0044010556,0.000013205195,0.000086385255,0.0000068396653,0.0024184904,0.000073208525,0.033233788,0.93873954,0.00084235036,0.019545015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035203164,0.0008276858,0.0053229216,0.0002055108,0.0001641317,0.0000071237605,0.010170624,0.0017437452,0.4222561,0.54137135,0.01247393,0.001936534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009980394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7759777e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3973682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009999467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011833975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57283264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978705280","doi":"10.1364/ao.42.001610","title":"Self-centering of a ball lens by laser trapping: fiber-ball-fiber coupling analysis","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Lens (geology); Optical fiber; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Laser; Fiber laser; Graded-index fiber; Ball (mathematics); Fiber optic sensor; Physics","score_opus":0.00767861824214055,"score_gpt":0.2086701135644365,"score_spread":0.20099149532229593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978705280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75826764,0.00008198097,0.012986476,0.000045534092,0.00009976468,0.00041406893,0.00010865863,0.00009935543,0.22789654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814776,0.000009818439,0.016747024,0.000026147321,0.00005971142,0.000024535342,0.00008501106,0.000043070257,0.0015270917],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858004,0.000011275257,0.00042196366,0.000324482,0.00026232106,0.00039989434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991913,0.0000603289,0.00019320722,0.00038795584,0.00006604367,0.00010116215],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015586901,0.00025754375,0.00040233514,0.00010279971,0.0000950184,0.000053230055,0.00019324764,0.00007129373,0.0007664765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029217401,0.0002727804,0.0002315562,0.0004887882,0.00005282652,0.00007210788,0.00006726629,0.00018079573,0.00010766522],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017069766,0.010298229,0.042378053,0.0009923162,0.032230295,0.00002821338,0.00534685,0.19427967,0.07697466,0.62346333,0.007684637,0.006153056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009939073,0.000507324,0.00086537434,0.00016126227,0.012272325,0.0000058029905,0.005687087,0.1009986,0.4814833,0.007949842,0.3747725,0.005357502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009334673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.107262e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6155135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039515788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003313286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978766301","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2004.03.044","title":"Spatial evolution of the morphology of an optical vortex dipole","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Anisotropy; Optical vortex; Vortex; Dipole; Orientation (vector space); Optics; Morphology (biology); Physics; Gaussian beam; Gaussian; Beam (structure); Geometry; Quantum mechanics; Geology; Mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01154417420618988,"score_gpt":0.2558131362482213,"score_spread":0.24426896204203138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978766301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.939572,0.000068220936,0.022019282,0.0008314193,0.00009819726,0.00018423586,0.00006675232,0.00001082105,0.037149116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9718477,0.00000352997,0.027978731,0.0000065676745,0.000030941235,0.000010763568,0.000030383317,0.000009711557,0.00008166378],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938,0.000050221857,0.00025969453,0.00008140104,0.00011712724,0.00011156904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99814874,0.000050254366,0.00014775133,0.0014990114,0.00011728176,0.000036957303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000090459675,0.00007274158,0.000121665864,0.000028415498,0.00011288697,0.0000075297235,0.00077085075,0.000036014015,0.000038308313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015479583,0.00006138233,0.00008181075,0.00014577985,0.0004580425,0.00006355536,0.0003979252,0.00015452539,0.0000115969815],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002545738,0.0005701771,0.0038824773,0.0000036606068,0.00002935257,5.129918e-8,0.00015563337,0.0010309952,0.0095395325,0.9843278,0.0000022709892,0.00045549608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030028936,0.00069562,0.19827583,0.000153201,0.00050518324,0.000009598408,0.0032113304,0.035100676,0.1318063,0.62555736,0.0009721382,0.00070985104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005743292,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043565153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35877043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037973034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010140932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25030988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979008777","doi":"10.1080/15599612.2010.512379","title":"A Prototype Optical Tweezer System Employing Adaptive Optics Technology","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Optomechatronics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Deformable mirror; Wavefront; Optics; Adaptive optics; Wavefront sensor; Lens (geology); Physics; Controller (irrigation); Instrumentation (computer programming); Optical axis; Laser; Computer science","score_opus":0.005855222977645496,"score_gpt":0.2632269339606166,"score_spread":0.25737171098297107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979008777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9301058,0.000064347354,0.056276396,0.0009652512,0.004055258,0.00031182592,0.000031882442,0.000055228233,0.0081340065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9598291,0.000002549338,0.038838435,0.000015959731,0.0011629285,0.000014856557,0.0000043204736,0.000031313015,0.00010053022],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833834,0.000016599304,0.0005775777,0.00016530223,0.0006175448,0.00028463596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99815553,0.000055074033,0.00046374017,0.00020541518,0.0009976365,0.00012262179],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031217973,0.00018757138,0.0002666619,0.00035601342,0.000059953964,0.00011193942,0.00080332026,0.00011710903,0.00012538776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035063116,0.00016675593,0.0002026452,0.00017540259,0.000103926235,0.00028638722,0.00020359688,0.0009186331,0.000056497407],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014214429,0.00029246602,0.008151853,0.000010697959,0.00066269474,0.00009896537,0.00011758353,0.00032300394,0.009720315,0.9677037,0.00006618956,0.01271039],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.025231725,0.009877622,0.0036737057,0.0025695458,0.0018272338,0.008136704,0.030482326,0.09335108,0.3884026,0.34931415,0.081202,0.0059312917],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000038223016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.1857073e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61838955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013140583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022648262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6800109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981404353","doi":"10.1103/physreva.75.062107","title":"Photon wave mechanics and position eigenvectors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Photon; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Position and momentum space; Wave function; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors; Operator (biology); Position operator; Wave function collapse; Probability amplitude; Position (finance); Classical mechanics; Quantum; Mathematics; Quantum dynamics; Quantum process; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01063413745203547,"score_gpt":0.2732472589775442,"score_spread":0.26261312152550875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981404353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94487,0.008696784,0.019296074,0.0006217252,0.0002079421,0.0008858274,0.000024763674,0.00007033697,0.025326554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988124,0.00026176553,0.00032843807,0.00024324343,0.00025235696,0.000010678886,0.00001792721,0.000013255371,0.000059970145],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937373,0.000015647947,0.00013579337,0.00015745293,0.0001320525,0.00018533436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996517,0.000033862027,0.0000556001,0.00013719272,0.000028822773,0.00009283112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001350627,0.00011443158,0.0001915744,0.000013975505,0.00004471122,0.000014368912,0.00004606185,0.00000995764,0.000089752044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005847491,0.00009660805,0.000095425676,0.00011079683,0.000013881066,0.00006787313,0.00004961683,0.000100338424,0.000054165488],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008092402,0.00039363236,0.0004260185,0.0005262432,0.000077456636,0.000010550006,0.00019020292,5.0230267e-7,0.010518576,0.9157946,0.0004525129,0.07160159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010250318,0.0006091185,0.0031475988,0.0027880096,0.0007708022,0.000023502997,0.00028733554,0.0045332084,0.06765982,0.87692046,0.040716846,0.0015182424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001257942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6532066e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07008335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017725146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000796818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39395618},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982027315","doi":"10.1063/1.4863564","title":"Highly efficient electron vortex beams generated by nanofabricated phase holograms","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Electron holography; Holography; Electron; Phase (matter); Silicon; Materials science; Optics; Vortex; Cathode ray; Optoelectronics; Nanoscopic scale; Physics; Nanotechnology; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.004583765579241462,"score_gpt":0.21128544837364147,"score_spread":0.20670168279440002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982027315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9100372,0.000012796503,0.084949404,0.00037313937,0.00017009366,0.0003430302,0.00004556041,0.00014050477,0.0039282474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963237,5.191149e-7,0.00060924346,0.0012783218,0.0005754118,0.000103496066,0.00091094285,0.000075106895,0.00012328105],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981117,0.000044427405,0.00030871155,0.00054361235,0.00031022023,0.0006813065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999085,0.0000442946,0.00018955038,0.0004922998,0.0000401865,0.0001486351],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012018559,0.00037798454,0.00033072103,0.000037773247,0.0001822863,0.000101507765,0.0003255089,0.00005409341,0.00004615266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011537638,0.0003759702,0.00013766906,0.00040989014,0.0001383443,0.00005103642,0.00008190643,0.00028193597,0.0002887977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021909624,0.0007478934,0.0000863213,0.00000623734,0.00012605751,7.755574e-7,0.00011188188,0.0037258663,0.9462261,0.02995526,0.009669316,0.009322363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034732183,0.00018747385,0.00005010611,0.000009175307,0.00014564385,6.560914e-7,0.000052349926,0.0086028725,0.9661283,0.00162659,0.018695846,0.0010277894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005301774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.374628e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08628645,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057703128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017323924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982685969","doi":"10.1109/aps.2014.6905222","title":"Vortex beam generation using circular leaky-wave antenna","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Optical vortex; Angular momentum; Optics; Antenna (radio); Vortex; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Beam (structure); Aperture (computer memory); Electromagnetic radiation; Interference (communication); Acoustics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Classical mechanics; Telecommunications; Engineering; Total angular momentum quantum number; Mechanics","score_opus":0.026738478672754883,"score_gpt":0.23268072159980313,"score_spread":0.20594224292704824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982685969","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7019056,0.000012742465,0.28405017,0.000043593278,0.0001985038,0.000071955175,0.0000028392358,0.000024193232,0.013690364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936486,2.9677597e-7,0.0040568686,0.00009245822,0.0008239722,0.0000030274075,0.000032952623,0.00001733088,0.001324494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993639,0.000018905677,0.0001434808,0.00017203168,0.000121954494,0.00017970074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996388,0.0000086740265,0.00004700092,0.00020338246,0.00004743519,0.000054709406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000948551,0.000105734405,0.00010611884,0.000030346195,0.00009318943,0.000060877224,0.00005607813,0.000024815043,0.0005445701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003183919,0.00009781268,0.00007149512,0.000068772984,0.000025020126,0.00011591799,0.000040649622,0.00006488967,0.00009169551],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026889838,0.00023840461,0.019036962,0.000017577711,0.00013644011,0.0000028986829,0.00022836954,0.0011834699,0.76258236,0.20815985,0.0005136677,0.007897341],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064365857,0.00008815388,0.0016723729,0.000016806192,0.00008593433,0.00000545045,0.00031457332,0.8903108,0.084236994,0.01544407,0.006581904,0.000599265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001026277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014353647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8891274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018923429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014929343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59626603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984651817","doi":"10.1364/josab.23.001934","title":"Optically tunable hollow Gaussian beams with thin metal films","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Beam (structure); Optics; Distortion (music); Trapping; Phase (matter); Gaussian beam; Reflection (computer programming); Thin film; Gaussian; Intensity (physics); Optoelectronics; Physics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.004053082380006776,"score_gpt":0.2021419473946828,"score_spread":0.198088865014676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984651817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9198245,0.00017258099,0.036430057,0.008656068,0.00033201757,0.00026661303,0.000029535102,0.000017380231,0.034271244],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8290637,0.000004172365,0.16912395,0.00013777713,0.00028172444,0.0000017310413,0.0000021317458,0.000022637012,0.0013621554],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984429,0.000033783865,0.0004873535,0.00012786887,0.0005984259,0.00030968097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988821,0.00009313121,0.0004941175,0.00024475504,0.00016875747,0.00011712594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021254225,0.00017983733,0.00041268836,0.000016028356,0.00011691481,0.00005323391,0.00043404486,0.00004715513,0.00028502516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010610187,0.000101999074,0.00072424463,0.0002711242,0.0005232001,0.00016883662,0.0001221025,0.00042652976,0.000009268001],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014944786,0.01980416,0.16362518,0.00058585464,0.013741674,0.00010702934,0.005363235,0.14194892,0.20770769,0.15032229,0.26822132,0.027078155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.029263187,0.02408351,0.16051216,0.0026846942,0.009804401,0.00084561727,0.058623046,0.07965516,0.38473517,0.1153876,0.12695174,0.0074537224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008347923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3470004e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17702746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003573714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113098904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41594017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985574248","doi":"10.1364/ls.2011.lwi5","title":"Mechanically induced image rotation: analogy of the Faraday effect for Orbital Angular Momentum","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Faraday effect; Angular momentum; Physics; Rotation (mathematics); Spinning; Optics; Orbital motion; Faraday cage; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Classical mechanics; Magnetic field; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.013786171119104393,"score_gpt":0.23381450491836214,"score_spread":0.22002833379925774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985574248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95979005,0.000007114021,0.02001777,0.00009218282,0.00030158527,0.0006975129,0.000034356366,0.00001988913,0.019039543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99538684,7.451317e-8,0.0037334182,0.00002271095,0.00008234687,0.00007583916,0.00001436946,0.000018513574,0.00066590426],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918145,0.00004918483,0.00024968883,0.0001762588,0.00013935314,0.0002040471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993826,0.000056690533,0.00012690664,0.00030121292,0.000086413645,0.00004615378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017144045,0.00013743427,0.00019619512,0.000030208665,0.000066263645,0.0000140287675,0.00024753567,0.00003728331,0.0006116532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001399833,0.00009059967,0.0002066738,0.00012783651,0.00004584758,0.0000959179,0.000102575075,0.0000819428,0.000016486687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110488225,0.00057357224,0.013594083,0.000080989,0.00045011475,0.0000019037711,0.0008599577,0.0000022865765,0.35382816,0.6254031,0.00077113614,0.0043241847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011335443,0.00074859185,0.004231395,0.000015658374,0.00011166165,0.0000014801402,0.00036323458,0.0003912467,0.9497422,0.04285591,0.0001706633,0.00023439554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010847242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003349335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59591407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013943496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028986185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6697174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987034865","doi":"10.1364/ao.41.007135","title":"Laser-trapping properties of dual-component spheres","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"SPHERES; Optics; Spherical shell; Dielectric; Trapping; Optical tweezers; Materials science; Laser; Physics; Shell (structure); Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.018659409830905107,"score_gpt":0.19150206255197808,"score_spread":0.17284265272107296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987034865","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8916798,0.000101617145,0.0007836817,0.000066265675,0.000098348486,0.00021407835,0.000010600863,0.00003803591,0.10700756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954733,0.0000060059174,0.0031180733,0.000024665218,0.00016214018,0.000022460534,0.0000063244365,0.00002441579,0.0011625614],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915314,0.000007732445,0.00025789518,0.00016181686,0.00018708175,0.0002323471],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953693,0.000016476126,0.000099866294,0.0002526813,0.000036981797,0.000057045825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038669452,0.00015047335,0.00019311707,0.000029625626,0.00006153529,0.000028840444,0.000120769335,0.00003230461,0.000623153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014168137,0.00013562427,0.00007106818,0.00010411541,0.00009493917,0.000047772795,0.00008456729,0.000112287205,0.00015359726],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032404696,0.0021700175,0.0033187936,0.00026906154,0.0006552009,0.000009487527,0.0032001913,0.0032747313,0.35954204,0.5773662,0.0038016248,0.046360284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014699677,0.00012086009,0.00023888741,0.00011877789,0.00014397192,0.000002791679,0.0047320724,0.016486099,0.9625176,0.006323152,0.00699676,0.0008490223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017526381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.437034e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6029756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001214211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007586599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6823088},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987851354","doi":"10.1109/tap.2012.2232263","title":"Generation of Bessel Beams by Two-Dimensional Antenna Arrays Using Sub-Sampled Distributions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Optics; Antenna (radio); Aperture (computer memory); Main lobe; Physics; Radiation pattern; Wavelength; Antenna aperture; Scalar (mathematics); Side lobe; Collimated light; Acoustics; Mathematics; Computer science; Geometry; Telecommunications; Laser","score_opus":0.02970877731016756,"score_gpt":0.260717696327552,"score_spread":0.23100891901738443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987851354","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4832355,0.000049443533,0.516042,0.000047988906,0.00020622958,0.0001398143,0.00023916647,0.00001209674,0.000027722137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978212,0.000007126687,0.0016889774,0.000019287336,0.00015080348,0.000020337677,0.00020602577,0.0000164797,0.00006976934],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991226,0.000046363653,0.0002666967,0.00016833212,0.00017331708,0.00022268058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950695,0.00003034537,0.00011962317,0.00012762065,0.00011944872,0.00009601899],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013961692,0.00015273143,0.00015401484,0.00006722558,0.00027531432,0.00003056559,0.000041360403,0.000041261872,0.00006277597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015912045,0.00014276603,0.00007746628,0.00016868395,0.00008285334,0.00032886784,0.000001663777,0.00012968828,0.0000056227045],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025819847,0.00055486435,0.0007786124,0.000015367814,0.00006809848,1.3499329e-7,0.00016489862,0.0014571097,0.99146676,0.0014342802,0.00005767149,0.003976399],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008346682,0.00013703552,0.00035946644,0.000054846892,0.00015211898,0.000005469225,0.00017563585,0.14340909,0.85405356,0.00043251706,0.00007284418,0.00031276996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013343125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000411426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5145857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033170476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002686221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.582183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987939090","doi":"10.1091/mbc.e12-12-0901","title":"Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Molecular Biology of the Cell","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; York University; University of California, San Diego; Harvard University","keywords":"Biology; Optical tweezers; Mitosis; Cell biology; Spindle apparatus; Biophysics; Cell division; Genetics; Optics; Cell; Physics","score_opus":0.013625916261174178,"score_gpt":0.2385571204271238,"score_spread":0.2249312041659496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987939090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962494,0.00015753595,0.0012932263,0.00024831592,0.00013916657,0.00031415935,0.0000058869996,0.0000030063484,0.0015893247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99884784,2.062963e-7,0.00092777534,0.000034722045,0.000023570254,0.000008312176,0.0000044532326,0.0000105758745,0.00014255285],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993042,0.0000813975,0.000188116,0.00013898913,0.000109058405,0.000178254],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994267,0.000016237587,0.00012437618,0.00034117457,0.0000667921,0.00002470637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001147796,0.000103658174,0.00014372027,0.000014168055,0.000051519793,0.0000073715178,0.0003516567,0.00003807965,0.00005709877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010281345,0.00005967831,0.00012474091,0.00007391692,0.00025735985,0.000019608602,0.0001428663,0.00008643663,0.000009161489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017829273,0.00008278672,0.012239272,0.000011023269,0.000065403816,4.5110294e-8,0.000036472135,0.00015661995,0.9867641,0.00038518308,0.000094263894,0.00016305002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016665833,0.00004967754,0.00023439198,0.000008488858,0.00004865076,2.2300519e-7,0.00005354681,0.00022461837,0.9977696,0.0013562064,0.00002639522,0.000061534214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014227252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8475761e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01200488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010237984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022081773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24336109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988222952","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.001996","title":"One-dimensional jumping optical tweezers for optical stretching of bi-concave human red blood cells","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Jumping; Trapping; Beam (structure); Optical force; Materials science; Light beam; Physics","score_opus":0.02258618505639289,"score_gpt":0.2530560278150539,"score_spread":0.23046984275866098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988222952","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863401,0.00002473851,0.0039228885,0.000092732,0.0002466954,0.0004279349,0.0001088471,0.000041256117,0.008794803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9147583,0.0000019176955,0.08412395,0.000023607035,0.00041790277,0.000038350783,0.00008785494,0.00006111587,0.0004870061],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99792826,0.000025314728,0.0005963952,0.00044838092,0.00044615968,0.0005555039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99866843,0.00025860555,0.00019587077,0.0004531031,0.0002007143,0.00022329585],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017084173,0.00029238203,0.0004780299,0.00009603286,0.0002760937,0.000044496705,0.0003325916,0.00011805115,0.00009321146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002010836,0.00032333232,0.00028693196,0.00011174277,0.0002873428,0.00016186695,0.00023770735,0.0002917779,0.000011923377],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005854008,0.0015290377,0.0015864426,0.000120396966,0.0005172342,0.000020056292,0.0007074335,0.0032723863,0.83898175,0.15228577,0.00054498273,0.00037599154],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002390057,0.00040099866,0.00025691843,0.00015083251,0.00029533924,0.0000058773853,0.0003710294,0.0048612794,0.9851153,0.005291582,0.00025023235,0.0006105662],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001840263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.930166e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14699419,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029037366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007635924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989066285","doi":"10.1364/nlgw.2005.thb11","title":"Nonlinear stabilization of modes with an orbital momentum in optical fibers","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Nonlinear system; Nonlinear optical; Nonlinear optics; Optical fiber; Physics; Optics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.01097008441966579,"score_gpt":0.2545408916264433,"score_spread":0.24357080720677748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989066285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9699825,0.00004796636,0.024314951,0.0002560179,0.0000067992983,0.00045035695,0.00019546077,0.000023045226,0.004722873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9430383,0.0000052897044,0.056298807,0.000014965501,0.00017658692,0.00006540509,0.0002580799,0.000023123579,0.00011945972],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913955,0.000015690279,0.00031330218,0.0002461874,0.0001045891,0.00018070251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941987,0.00003607217,0.00008673813,0.00028252287,0.000084813844,0.000089955516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000093015806,0.00015180373,0.0001849442,0.000068412686,0.00006245871,0.000029781291,0.00011624549,0.00003801608,0.00006009944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018853027,0.000119157754,0.000036790418,0.000174347,0.00013816547,0.00017716536,0.0000496246,0.000098659824,0.000006505585],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002916256,0.011265466,0.035757277,0.00026917245,0.00050073717,0.0000028655247,0.0074214125,0.030995404,0.059803262,0.7091172,0.00016115855,0.14441442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032566665,0.0008063696,0.0028209789,0.000099689845,0.00010453726,0.000014691875,0.011344268,0.86290085,0.07866131,0.02472413,0.01415799,0.0011085008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051914696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018995821,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8319055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020289877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042762567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48591122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989255610","doi":"10.1364/ol.39.006415","title":"Cleaved fiber optic double nanohole optical tweezers for trapping nanoparticles","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Materials science; Optical force; Trapping; Optical fiber; Tweezers; Nanoparticle; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.011765044264725539,"score_gpt":0.23197503629193095,"score_spread":0.2202099920272054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989255610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9633739,0.000010248165,0.018425819,0.0034025814,0.00028305902,0.00045302176,0.00001564068,0.00008097412,0.013954736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9528988,3.7882626e-7,0.04468696,0.0005331419,0.000567945,0.00009737949,0.000041782107,0.0000663244,0.0011072891],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983532,0.000024986806,0.00035031745,0.00038614296,0.00023724092,0.00064815645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991059,0.00016411582,0.00010122146,0.00038960486,0.0000532762,0.00018592109],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024972777,0.00026940298,0.00028614287,0.00006614524,0.0002037566,0.00017828302,0.00026644432,0.000056477256,0.00017026678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001314876,0.0002708075,0.00021862239,0.00013498792,0.00015099498,0.00014414945,0.00008227752,0.00016203144,0.00024625377],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019614035,0.00043824318,0.0017963557,0.00013566703,0.00044616376,0.000007314107,0.00070123724,0.008119671,0.51386994,0.4561322,0.007871964,0.010285093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0157978,0.00097402796,0.001122958,0.00026571946,0.00088383514,0.000016865932,0.0014618764,0.10134529,0.7623943,0.0160684,0.09601001,0.003658903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010202627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.34098e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4400638,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040531588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018900506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1989902510","doi":"10.1117/12.839807","title":"The optical forces of vortex arrays in two-dimensional photonic crystals and slabs","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Vortex; Photonic crystal; Symmetry (geometry); Optical force; Optical vortex; Optical tweezers; Finite element method; Optics; Geometry; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0064418518624536234,"score_gpt":0.22776099401521543,"score_spread":0.2213191421527618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1989902510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994284,0.00016263037,0.00001948332,0.0017039622,0.00011528648,0.00042535845,0.000032503638,0.000019984143,0.0032368195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9761281,0.000018906456,0.023409393,0.00003314569,0.00017333728,0.000047221652,0.000005898169,0.00002718835,0.00015683299],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808425,2.3159084e-8,0.00069955096,0.00030216158,0.00052397605,0.0003900678],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986172,0.0002085135,0.00032471804,0.000060649498,0.0007018042,0.000087140186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050585513,0.0002716524,0.00038542342,0.00006664238,0.00008925098,0.00009371776,0.00059010054,0.00007723725,0.000012921287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013445852,0.00019885505,0.00039839686,0.00023204318,0.00032407415,0.00033237337,0.00015211247,0.00029627408,7.003405e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054384924,0.00010340461,0.0009265411,0.0000730499,0.00018056364,5.814874e-8,0.00012341398,0.00018619088,0.40568465,0.59198976,0.00023035736,0.0004476559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004755891,0.0011687485,0.0076323,0.0008464331,0.0003503549,0.000025533298,0.0043487707,0.07456742,0.82822186,0.07535613,0.0016948414,0.0010316981],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015469013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8920291e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5166336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065375796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034373374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81090736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991594864","doi":"10.1364/ol.37.003201","title":"Reshaping the trajectory and spectrum of nonlinear Airy beams","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Airy beam; Optics; Nonlinear system; Physics; Trajectory; Acceleration; Light beam; Beam (structure); Nonlinear optics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.00914031387826135,"score_gpt":0.2165260649287091,"score_spread":0.20738575105044776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991594864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916614,0.00018165179,0.001433844,0.0022897613,0.00023128209,0.00009770792,0.0000150612395,0.000009956045,0.004079296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99377286,0.000002944447,0.004999071,0.00047112117,0.0006185175,0.0000036862562,0.0000073503825,0.000016844422,0.00010757911],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994042,0.000018943154,0.00013778328,0.00008543158,0.000118006195,0.00023565415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963343,0.00005302846,0.00006698433,0.00018482658,0.000009305699,0.00005244774],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013764066,0.00009595684,0.000103532555,0.000025023333,0.00006750802,0.000020031584,0.000102014434,0.000016819493,0.00005111428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029266093,0.000073363604,0.000054235406,0.000061558894,0.00015603295,0.000090911555,0.00006569007,0.00013278998,0.000012353615],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009357842,0.0012445893,0.41009292,0.00029190892,0.0011725158,0.000010108977,0.013318302,0.0017282711,0.27658343,0.27266937,0.011590113,0.011204897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007920281,0.0012099157,0.17726292,0.0007078472,0.001777376,0.000074414485,0.020981357,0.029522927,0.58883774,0.012716005,0.15317458,0.005814636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022516628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5112186e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31225434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009925726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000074815507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29916808},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991642659","doi":"10.1364/josaa.24.001148","title":"High-visibility interferometric measurement of the diffraction phase","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Los Alamos National Laboratory; Instituto Politécnico Nacional","keywords":"Optics; Interferometry; Polarizer; Diffraction; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Interference (communication); Fresnel diffraction; Astronomical interferometer; Visibility; Phase (matter); Birefringence; Computer science","score_opus":0.014261405988957976,"score_gpt":0.26795124904148576,"score_spread":0.2536898430525278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991642659","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95663315,0.0000621298,0.040880453,0.0013015118,0.00042349065,0.00011886564,0.000006264994,0.0000020499463,0.0005720801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99249345,0.000005222644,0.0072125043,0.000063714804,0.00017489548,4.2847398e-7,1.7882391e-7,0.0000074241525,0.00004216371],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835354,0.000048526315,0.00059029664,0.000080768514,0.0007628384,0.00016404281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983572,0.00013334594,0.00082998245,0.00026234286,0.0003489621,0.00006817764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091014383,0.00010055726,0.00028048505,0.000024008863,0.000065898304,0.000011475792,0.00037327604,0.000031573407,0.00008672342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009320159,0.000053412117,0.00080528384,0.0004876997,0.00031155883,0.00007912136,0.00014010732,0.00035485797,0.0000013164508],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00092187006,0.016161237,0.057776224,0.00027186316,0.0038062413,0.0000015911733,0.0036872723,0.0013089249,0.6454443,0.003958622,0.011620164,0.2550417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0075689266,0.0035478945,0.29123256,0.0005785663,0.0013381456,0.000021903812,0.012056127,0.0021578993,0.66134375,0.013424297,0.0061005712,0.00062936667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004827456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7114108e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25441232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013807548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060923874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21780829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1991659148","doi":"10.1364/ol.35.000652","title":"Generation of femtosecond paraxial beams with arbitrary spatial distribution","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","keywords":"Femtosecond; Optics; Paraxial approximation; Holography; Laser; Spatial light modulator; Chirp; Physics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Phase (matter); Gaussian; Spatial frequency; Beam (structure); Materials science","score_opus":0.008773664742951147,"score_gpt":0.2081543188063374,"score_spread":0.19938065406338623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1991659148","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9512662,0.0000017438445,0.046307985,0.00039961102,0.00034448633,0.000118314274,0.00012270575,0.000011459983,0.0014274595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916559,2.1607246e-7,0.00674237,0.00008858101,0.00080654805,0.000009774165,0.00063231983,0.000015106131,0.000049220107],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993456,0.000010592203,0.00016838846,0.00015094555,0.0001583408,0.00016614403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995878,0.000014964907,0.00010549965,0.00019928586,0.000040647185,0.00005183848],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055947137,0.00011819389,0.00011896302,0.000020481557,0.00005912911,0.00003853119,0.00009208456,0.000032950604,0.0001638778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024331337,0.00010616033,0.000051184335,0.00006122374,0.00010419868,0.00010820719,0.000025548643,0.00020085057,0.000013275072],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004067929,0.00028876157,0.024552824,0.000022173428,0.00013873853,0.000006534259,0.00021095257,0.0008110325,0.9072134,0.060975455,0.0012649619,0.0044744844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033105758,0.00059601665,0.025857065,0.000043218875,0.00027502977,0.000013636413,0.00021715832,0.029417554,0.93090105,0.0022350526,0.0058396636,0.001293955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007374814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011453571,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058740404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000092827195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002601008,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43290925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993919657","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.85.542","title":"Forced Molecular Rotation in an Optical Centrifuge","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Molecule; Femtosecond; Dipole; Atomic physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Rotation (mathematics); Spinning; Laser; Physics; Anisotropy; Molecular physics; Optical rotation; Centrifuge; Angular momentum; Materials science; Optics; Classical mechanics; Chemistry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.007023482861477541,"score_gpt":0.2732606188817735,"score_spread":0.266237136020296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993919657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99445355,0.00031197342,0.0005219551,0.0018522708,0.00002294468,0.0003477244,0.000004942618,0.000019490975,0.0024651608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954143,0.00005670025,0.00040029673,0.0038177925,0.00015467769,0.00005540465,0.000059882394,0.000019107325,0.000021849206],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990513,0.000060469276,0.0002022661,0.00023100032,0.00018881902,0.0002661469],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995969,0.000025045103,0.000035286892,0.00023120196,0.0000135204355,0.00009805459],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006701857,0.00014492247,0.00024720805,0.000018985344,0.000023288327,0.000027721846,0.00014248987,0.000005796596,0.00052393053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036676824,0.00013369467,0.00013091692,0.00017720634,0.000036253237,0.00018156275,0.000017685756,0.00014946944,0.00030895288],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000080707425,0.0038283241,0.013725404,0.0013147792,0.0001914411,0.00014366799,0.000856758,0.0076883812,0.23629563,0.22157533,0.0022656678,0.5120339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.025802184,0.003535489,0.0954098,0.024338944,0.0031798978,0.000032592783,0.000655405,0.28893885,0.19574669,0.15367705,0.1906099,0.018073209],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011927745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5842755e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4939607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026793914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009026318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57366717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995520382","doi":"10.1364/oe.7.000533","title":"Analysis of the behaviour of erythrocytes in an optical trapping system","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Laurentian University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Optical force; Sorting; Optics; Torque; Orientation (vector space); Beam (structure); Physics; Trap (plumbing); Optical axis; Materials science; Computer science; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Biology","score_opus":0.009737784609694223,"score_gpt":0.23765263236986486,"score_spread":0.22791484776017065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995520382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901758,0.000020128396,0.0003430447,0.000011838076,0.000039666258,0.00011378085,0.000058412206,0.0000073656297,0.009229991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986641,0.0000010616203,0.0011019015,0.0000023014607,0.00003159908,0.000009634626,0.000013862533,0.0000110716255,0.00016446145],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906325,0.00004158779,0.00036282628,0.00015782364,0.00020594761,0.00016856188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993429,0.00004059393,0.00010319018,0.0004174244,0.000052218544,0.00004365472],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010589993,0.00010785918,0.0003073004,0.00009077354,0.00003121501,0.000018917035,0.00028920703,0.000039217342,0.00018193964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019350232,0.000086296524,0.00018064173,0.0004624967,0.00009276944,0.000086363005,0.000050391645,0.00010185993,0.0000017625129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056509347,0.0017392994,0.76904637,0.00015687788,0.0010663522,0.00000579344,0.003821769,0.080639794,0.03030041,0.10757355,0.000015320864,0.0055779344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026425056,0.0004122751,0.3712705,0.00075951667,0.005054918,0.0000029402693,0.01743406,0.2677692,0.33227593,0.00093264447,0.00015185082,0.001293667],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009657654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007599203,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3977759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019238783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019189363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.351907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995761771","doi":"10.1364/oe.18.010462","title":"Dynamic deformation of red blood cell
in Dual-trap Optical Tweezers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Elasticity (physics); Optics; Deformation (meteorology); Materials science; Optical force; Red blood cell; Stress (linguistics); Particle (ecology); Tweezers; Physics; Chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.0043021437954512565,"score_gpt":0.21555201058513287,"score_spread":0.2112498667896816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995761771","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96424973,0.000007793168,0.0007150449,0.000046840654,0.00023674035,0.000162416,0.000025604466,0.000015010868,0.03454082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819051,0.0000021011474,0.017608488,0.000004949618,0.000050470684,0.000015596419,0.000051883657,0.000020856873,0.0003405671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990382,0.00001036677,0.00033829076,0.0001643545,0.00019448379,0.00025430453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993909,0.000035328838,0.00011745881,0.00031914577,0.00006022802,0.00007692034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012300533,0.0001422035,0.00018366294,0.000083109895,0.000031599364,0.000032113952,0.00014067139,0.00007634257,0.00012106475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005901894,0.00014384616,0.00007571135,0.0001224234,0.00008233373,0.00016621557,0.0000892355,0.00030298025,0.000019804706],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025587551,0.0012208505,0.01501235,0.00010362914,0.000053411062,0.000011354656,0.00097202533,0.0013616241,0.9261057,0.05418772,0.00006173838,0.0008840322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038226256,0.00027195868,0.009567946,0.00009644781,0.000173793,0.000009229379,0.0018987424,0.039795555,0.92890114,0.013904619,0.0006609738,0.00089700246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025984784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000053856706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0402831,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000097863485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029382018,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5865876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998295021","doi":"10.1364/oe.21.030196","title":"Rapid generation of light beams carrying orbital angular momentum","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":275,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Optics; Angular momentum; Light beam; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.013561992338681024,"score_gpt":0.2182659258435284,"score_spread":0.2047039335048474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1998295021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9712502,0.00021173025,0.0048750583,0.0001357533,0.00043572066,0.00035876493,0.000036397087,0.000029119736,0.02266726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898484,0.000004509334,0.0078814775,0.000012844261,0.00054282835,0.00006806647,0.00009388167,0.000034281056,0.0015137265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883723,0.00002740597,0.00034599428,0.00023465726,0.000262442,0.00029228526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991805,0.000020773548,0.00015634911,0.00038198722,0.0001586201,0.00010175002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000078434176,0.00018714905,0.00022499879,0.0000618072,0.00008751538,0.00009732417,0.00020964352,0.00005258736,0.0008867087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000057607026,0.00018082454,0.000113778,0.00010949596,0.00005135837,0.00030112304,0.00012993031,0.00011710242,0.00009395417],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048461056,0.00038672241,0.0021371972,0.000052716696,0.0001857768,0.0000037050665,0.001301202,0.0007477951,0.9516226,0.034436546,0.0043796296,0.004741284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007516508,0.00016672093,0.00022206639,0.000051476534,0.000076752476,0.0000021669314,0.0012560522,0.014118233,0.9745727,0.0037776656,0.004458906,0.0005456155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010849329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3415029e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03065888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022821509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002256757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97088385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001325349","doi":"10.1364/oe.22.018044","title":"Few-mode fiber with inverse-parabolic graded-index profile for transmission of OAM-carrying modes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":189,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Université Laval","keywords":"Optics; Transmission (telecommunications); Physics; Inverse; Fiber; Mode volume; Mode (computer interface); Angular momentum; Graded-index fiber; Optical fiber; Refractive index; Materials science; Fiber optic sensor; Mathematics; Telecommunications; Geometry; Classical mechanics; Computer science","score_opus":0.010388003188523466,"score_gpt":0.24011562928112515,"score_spread":0.2297276260926017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001325349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76949435,0.000027414024,0.1985748,0.00006152464,0.000081816535,0.0006993426,0.00010361508,0.000053295935,0.030903827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95283824,0.0000015695454,0.044217404,0.0000124303115,0.00017117572,0.00009281927,0.000054474214,0.000048291,0.0025636032],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897456,0.000025253357,0.00022625047,0.00025465968,0.00021434168,0.00030494342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992527,0.00009344722,0.00013153588,0.0003109065,0.00010527214,0.00010614487],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008597784,0.00019978537,0.00026590773,0.000051822342,0.00009594029,0.00004032224,0.00020340859,0.000057837326,0.000049903767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000052054766,0.00016778107,0.00010744695,0.000086268614,0.000078388875,0.00013613465,0.000039424096,0.00011480313,0.000009262771],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006586159,0.002504029,0.016425006,0.0021081516,0.0010159685,0.000004333839,0.009117995,0.13859625,0.38342255,0.38959256,0.005865752,0.050688807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033810304,0.00047694924,0.00018601348,0.00037320534,0.00020262909,0.0000017239842,0.0009459747,0.4209917,0.5385294,0.021279693,0.012975567,0.00065614015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003211303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.847666e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36831287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011154172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034397413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6841913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001482608","doi":"10.1364/fio.2007.fwc2","title":"Analysis and Generation of Spatiotemporal Bessel Beams","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Optics; Dispersion (optics); Diffraction; Physics; Polarization mode dispersion; Wave packet; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.011989446842187494,"score_gpt":0.24584221666682923,"score_spread":0.23385276982464173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001482608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.824776,0.00001072461,0.16730058,0.000020413989,0.000019426052,0.00002887551,0.0000042748693,0.000003957123,0.0078357775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99480504,4.912184e-7,0.004421951,0.000007654633,0.00008645541,6.012192e-7,0.000048057547,0.0000027884669,0.0006269664],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968714,0.00000380222,0.000119286524,0.000059322952,0.00006638341,0.00006406722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998172,0.000009188895,0.000042620602,0.000074215066,0.000030489078,0.00002630683],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095195406,0.00004102211,0.000078427525,0.000061522864,0.000019815378,0.000009786825,0.000022835793,0.000011688526,0.00012937687],"category_scores_gemma":[7.345875e-7,0.000036217218,0.00003964139,0.00016711207,0.000019549216,0.0000480445,0.000016538334,0.0000202822,0.0000017959146],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021921694,0.00007179525,0.94832397,0.0000033611468,0.00025342288,2.0322415e-7,0.00014665832,0.00007446247,0.008214368,0.028958999,0.000059700975,0.013890846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061421015,0.00013102249,0.38274473,0.000005166518,0.0007056162,2.8437526e-7,0.0016103153,0.01904429,0.59054244,0.0035797737,0.0006570939,0.00036505578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003131533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038870458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5823281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000034201312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044733006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14768952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003927569","doi":"10.1119/1.4819168","title":"On the connection between image formation formulas in geometrical optics and beam transformation formulas in wave optics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Physics; Geometrical optics; Optics; Gaussian optics; Diffraction; Physical optics; Fresnel diffraction; Fourier optics; Connection (principal bundle); Fourier transform; Transformation optics; Fresnel number; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Image formation; Transformation (genetics); Image plane; Beam (structure); Geometry; Quantum mechanics; Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Metamaterial","score_opus":0.01069899416550383,"score_gpt":0.2279627155545031,"score_spread":0.21726372138899927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003927569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9518743,0.0000060083266,0.0462944,0.00054026756,0.000050551957,0.00026408126,0.000010187644,0.000004344505,0.00095583126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99811274,0.0000143273255,0.0015632773,0.00005809354,0.00020515085,0.000010035694,0.000013418138,0.000016481305,0.00000648492],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873036,0.0000543078,0.0005763863,0.00009212346,0.0002918237,0.000255015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998857,0.0003438163,0.00045268043,0.00012056742,0.00014683919,0.000079078905],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002897491,0.0001643085,0.0003128528,0.0002069276,0.000064975924,0.00009804708,0.00012082222,0.000027531985,0.00001696077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027780474,0.00012256247,0.0000985652,0.00062330806,0.00011643986,0.0010506541,0.000028015114,0.00041581067,0.000011230686],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017792018,0.0013741264,0.026520329,0.000109942244,0.00032535935,0.000010052612,0.014184092,0.008447186,0.0052167657,0.25944272,0.00029724816,0.6838943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007992221,0.0076181176,0.09145592,0.00061261613,0.0003335471,0.00005437042,0.043222077,0.18155229,0.07415247,0.59103274,0.00024151363,0.0017321171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007606282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017276535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6821621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010270394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002966888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49979526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004450551","doi":"10.1142/s0217732308026339","title":"VACUUM BIREFRINGENCE CAUSED BY ARBITRARY SPIN PARTICLES","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Physics Letters A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Birefringence; Transverse plane; Polarization (electrochemistry); Magnetic field; Spin (aerodynamics); Spin polarization; Beam (structure); Vacuum polarization","score_opus":0.013990838297553388,"score_gpt":0.21584512417685206,"score_spread":0.20185428587929868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004450551","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9363155,0.00006342586,0.061441313,0.00076312583,0.000093304596,0.0001376985,0.000050748054,0.0000804732,0.0010544218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997461,0.000002810956,0.0008850358,0.0008471729,0.000408801,0.00003583261,0.00004178225,0.000047941412,0.00026959565],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987292,0.00002639436,0.00020677582,0.000336853,0.00026768597,0.0004330719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935484,0.000022504322,0.00011772137,0.0003686346,0.000023367638,0.00011292041],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003576671,0.00023559989,0.00020498286,0.000020854068,0.00019071139,0.0000430122,0.000233234,0.000024981005,0.000063555744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010596289,0.00024077987,0.00013140317,0.00013874468,0.00012965614,0.0002495262,0.00009321935,0.00019615047,0.00016329631],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011163896,0.0006528277,0.032291166,0.000019002524,0.00017265191,0.00003686321,0.0016383677,0.00041673527,0.9352144,0.005830801,0.018886797,0.004829242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019077676,0.00015401657,0.0043351026,0.00006043787,0.00011411023,0.000006166348,0.00017421879,0.029937277,0.89560217,0.06289919,0.0030393507,0.0017701887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006536892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2783018e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06114554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024672603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026182504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98187184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2004901109","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.83.245404","title":"Optical forces between coupled plasmonic nanoparticles near metal surfaces and negative index material waveguides","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Plasmon; Slab; Surface plasmon; Planar; Optical force; Materials science; Excitation; Waveguide; Particle (ecology); Electric field; Nanoparticle; Molecular physics; Ray; Surface plasmon polariton; Optics; Optoelectronics; Condensed matter physics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Optical tweezers; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.02340218360535322,"score_gpt":0.27237088535645465,"score_spread":0.24896870175110142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2004901109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966741,0.00095125526,0.00004384807,0.00007748079,0.00006455723,0.00032194407,0.000041752846,0.00003035994,0.001794706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988878,0.0001070398,0.0006921205,0.00003163138,0.0001565645,0.00003833434,0.000020197747,0.00002297129,0.000043339143],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888355,0.000056222885,0.0002893839,0.00027704626,0.0001811645,0.0003126153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993957,0.00012972107,0.00010918487,0.00018946332,0.000047221165,0.00012868714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013030926,0.00022821758,0.0005172629,0.000011286401,0.0001038326,0.00006667872,0.00015838399,0.000020838384,0.00034111642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025360558,0.00017473115,0.00013270455,0.000109993554,0.00027464688,0.00022586639,0.00017029984,0.00012404168,0.00012370049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037624332,0.0042418134,0.26743972,0.0048810127,0.0044855108,0.000040218827,0.0072441963,0.000042503485,0.14409547,0.44690016,0.0011460544,0.119107105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023538743,0.0012659844,0.10407137,0.0020165471,0.0023137159,0.000005215043,0.0005901034,0.009417866,0.6972466,0.17593382,0.0025759297,0.002208943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011697803,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001068445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55315113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011451195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027471562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71253294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006418616","doi":"10.1117/12.739631","title":"High-resolution single-molecule optical trapping measurements of transcription with basepair accuracy: instrumentation and methods","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biophysics; Trapping; DNA; Physics; Base pair; Chemistry; Nucleotide; Atomic physics; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01762661100233328,"score_gpt":0.25718305399803304,"score_spread":0.23955644299569975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006418616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904773,0.000040653093,0.0069620875,0.00049514323,0.00011991944,0.0004727974,0.000023263316,0.000033227963,0.0013755908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.68948716,0.0000037881416,0.3102749,0.00001616842,0.00012830009,0.000030397834,0.000011984332,0.0000278298,0.00001946699],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981407,4.721555e-8,0.00064313493,0.0002950905,0.0006054546,0.0003156037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99837697,0.00012362559,0.00039499634,0.00004405625,0.0009572406,0.00010314315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00093487283,0.00025548838,0.0003332715,0.000101498765,0.00007045384,0.00006533975,0.00030317775,0.00009744645,0.0000103923285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011334318,0.00021668604,0.0002853897,0.00026481846,0.00022858236,0.00054094725,0.000062088875,0.00020288481,2.2583767e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013983338,0.0001998933,0.0010677788,0.00024780285,0.0003890953,2.932605e-8,0.00020693392,0.00008633753,0.7836585,0.21200122,0.00005082808,0.001951765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014251837,0.0005213375,0.0018763454,0.00028189912,0.0002442525,0.0000040656855,0.0015507796,0.0058019017,0.98667186,0.0012556346,0.00011070542,0.0002560284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022584312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5090037e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3033128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000115048366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022899236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.88362},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006697680","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2004.02.029","title":"Dynamics of an optical vortex dipole in a GRIN lens medium","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Vortex; Lens (geology); Optical vortex; Dipole; Dynamics (music); Physics; Mechanics; Acoustics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015619377635483874,"score_gpt":0.27228403824648795,"score_spread":0.25666466061100407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006697680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8443183,0.000077177596,0.00705438,0.004688721,0.00009125196,0.00030034967,0.00012923565,0.000038089227,0.14330252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93415046,0.000022474156,0.06536423,0.00001756395,0.000028981252,0.000025254623,0.00023974074,0.00001956428,0.00013171104],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991306,0.00003777595,0.00034660075,0.00013389744,0.00014497442,0.00020615512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99823296,0.00007570781,0.000092793875,0.0014406398,0.00008302953,0.0000748828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001446525,0.00011818067,0.00017861671,0.00008088577,0.000084148334,0.00002710693,0.0007750339,0.000047710382,0.000040923023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014391402,0.00012852032,0.00006431385,0.00024179181,0.0002601864,0.00017708732,0.000376856,0.00027803422,0.000033842607],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024605374,0.00094463903,0.0031063259,0.000005513843,0.000022886523,7.017387e-7,0.00034034566,0.001198035,0.00044591565,0.99337834,0.0000014690572,0.00055336714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004857339,0.00070453004,0.044621743,0.00030554502,0.00026126287,0.000009739205,0.010322057,0.19720015,0.010265738,0.7286525,0.0012971564,0.0015022552],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003458675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052972446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26472586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008173577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010697182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52409065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008310167","doi":"10.1126/science.1200643","title":"A New Twist for Electron Beams","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Science","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Twist; Electron; Physics; Nuclear physics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.012407385935873884,"score_gpt":0.24704024138418545,"score_spread":0.23463285544831158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008310167","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0043173176,0.0006252856,0.14221561,0.51593167,0.009263903,0.0036493521,0.000518246,0.0003102368,0.3231684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.020370295,0.0000047368476,0.07725876,0.40091982,0.046484735,0.00035730872,0.0006463525,0.00028231187,0.4536757],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857926,0.0000050649965,0.00013053078,0.0004159163,0.00029655208,0.000572647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936974,0.000021867909,0.0001013074,0.00035990746,0.00007187908,0.000075272226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013325897,0.00017635153,0.00015433425,0.00008219594,0.00014538689,0.00012591656,0.00073775166,0.000072918985,0.0003185612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006022884,0.0001589888,0.00010970417,0.000223588,0.00021238822,0.00014561167,0.00010509338,0.00040681532,0.00016052791],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015927296,0.000011832638,0.000075154,0.000014237126,0.000011851108,0.0000016157612,0.00009533604,4.6589702e-7,0.00048877817,0.006955454,0.9887777,0.0035660106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009539617,0.000079831254,0.000024350948,0.0000150077585,0.000019764408,6.777731e-7,0.000008023081,0.000016204753,0.0059650345,0.035357118,0.9581934,0.00022519089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010414182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.0975003e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1305073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053355303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004937947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64833754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008737733","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1312.4041","title":"Effective photons in weakly absorptive dielectric media and the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Beer–Lambert law; Photon; Dielectric; Absorption (acoustics); Limit (mathematics); Physics; Attenuation coefficient; Quantum electrodynamics; Optics; Computational physics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics","score_opus":0.015307896343042497,"score_gpt":0.16159491116770514,"score_spread":0.14628701482466264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008737733","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9494122,0.00012576628,0.00094467244,0.00011610895,0.00028340548,0.0012246721,0.000071789145,0.000035837333,0.047785517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976399,0.000048008686,0.00003719069,0.000050780196,0.0001408081,0.000022653961,0.00003897164,0.000031694828,0.0019899686],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984501,0.00021298729,0.00018907129,0.00067381654,0.00008396152,0.0003900731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985827,0.000524721,0.00019186012,0.0004931093,0.000092150716,0.000115422146],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000202716,0.00037530623,0.00045822698,0.00014171345,0.00012843519,0.000086475935,0.00042610025,0.00017025121,0.00019044927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013880583,0.00031983692,0.00020552335,0.0003425158,0.0004396422,0.00015936018,0.0008885193,0.0009180223,0.000116179406],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001248365,0.0001775786,0.0064178025,0.00003742,0.0003457358,0.000038769525,0.001549226,0.002652307,0.00005337441,0.9880462,0.00014901297,0.00040769088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005830821,0.00012796324,0.014996978,0.00024390104,0.0006640889,0.000002538731,0.0017615552,0.06734146,0.001452531,0.9050597,0.0010595975,0.0014588557],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0056090443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003165192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08298653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013965437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059469883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009181895","doi":"10.1364/ota.2015.otm3e.6","title":"Optical Trapping and Diagnostic Analysis of Au Nanoparticles Using Photonic Crystal Slot Cavity at sub-mW Laser Power","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics in the Life Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Silicon on insulator; Trapping; Photonics; Materials science; Photonic crystal; Photonic integrated circuit; Optoelectronics; Laser; Silicon; Rod; Electronic circuit; Silicon photonics; Nanoparticle; Transmission (telecommunications); Optical tweezers; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03804132129737164,"score_gpt":0.28492726194690615,"score_spread":0.2468859406495345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009181895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99621475,0.00012812587,0.00015678254,0.00017404783,0.000099537836,0.000115676754,0.0000149176785,0.000005156315,0.0030910107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987037,0.000004003763,0.0011923963,0.000036923167,0.00003762026,0.000005063701,0.0000024239168,0.000005384696,0.000012485511],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986673,0.00008390414,0.00027360106,0.00023720176,0.00041698996,0.00032099252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989884,0.00052991556,0.00010618557,0.00019931512,0.000050629747,0.00012554108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010991102,0.0001241216,0.00024127086,0.00013407844,0.00017365857,0.000073855714,0.00028766788,0.000028011698,0.000021626616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019052357,0.000088826986,0.00007770223,0.00094292656,0.00074498734,0.00016254744,0.0001756825,0.00009529059,0.0000027098963],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035722627,0.0007111964,0.8277665,0.000022768329,0.00047199643,0.000014261331,0.011035707,0.061629236,0.040765677,0.057249263,0.000044502936,0.00025316683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024852618,0.0011644303,0.16335495,0.00020795075,0.0033485084,0.000019273913,0.05193765,0.5678366,0.18598343,0.021841038,0.0001755257,0.0016454073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018038096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000083671526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66441154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004358536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001468091,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36222592},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010625780","doi":"10.1063/1.1407271","title":"Stability of angular confinement and rotational acceleration of a diatomic molecule in an optical centrifuge","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Rotational–vibrational spectroscopy; Angular momentum; Diatomic molecule; Physics; Angular acceleration; Femtosecond; Coupling (piping); Acceleration; Centrifuge; Angular velocity; Atomic physics; Classical mechanics; Laser; Quantum mechanics; Molecule","score_opus":0.013133323545285602,"score_gpt":0.2476521252048894,"score_spread":0.23451880165960381,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010625780","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975142,0.000033472566,0.0020554333,0.000103931,0.0000163657,0.00008215265,0.000009248464,9.0814814e-7,0.00018427332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993917,0.000004108784,0.00047029366,0.000009806773,0.00010968542,8.5034765e-7,0.0000072474677,0.000005276975,0.0000010769733],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922997,0.00003935411,0.00036983023,0.00005445211,0.00021343697,0.00009295644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993918,0.00008194326,0.00023800929,0.00010002354,0.00014165769,0.00004657522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002034658,0.00007175377,0.00018567393,0.000015128846,0.000010336595,0.000007400227,0.000110289264,0.00001851912,0.00005330627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000106960215,0.00005362189,0.00005360154,0.000086805696,0.0001432168,0.00011218039,0.00003491103,0.0001334732,2.6512737e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016346308,0.0008860893,0.029771162,0.000022275635,0.000048593403,0.0000011171816,0.00062077,0.00023350117,0.9475314,0.01866287,0.000010158436,0.0020485767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009092323,0.00012867502,0.0040311934,0.000025652935,0.00004878708,0.0000027233543,0.0003746648,0.0022859094,0.9729384,0.019175228,0.0000065687486,0.000072933464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012174622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.0445903e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02573997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021420883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004587939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21866372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010937819","doi":"10.1364/oe.11.002775","title":"Particle trapping in 3-D using a single fiber probe with an annular light distribution","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Optical tweezers; Optical force; Trapping; Optics; Bead; Optical fiber; Light scattering; Fiber; Particle (ecology); Scattering; Photonic-crystal fiber; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.015255994387088752,"score_gpt":0.22968218626682296,"score_spread":0.21442619187973422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010937819","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9741472,0.00003448861,0.022502013,0.000029078128,0.00004508649,0.00021025728,0.000022653841,0.000021825716,0.0029873739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868334,2.7189324e-7,0.012747075,0.000006982009,0.000056134875,0.000020131036,0.00003720826,0.000024136709,0.00027465142],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990482,0.000052579504,0.00018428614,0.0002344531,0.0001514743,0.0003290531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995222,0.000014593363,0.00006478558,0.0002523344,0.00005515398,0.00009089517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010639423,0.00014636034,0.00014121826,0.000020998725,0.0000828206,0.00010194568,0.00008961097,0.000035017063,0.00009293417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005897968,0.0001361622,0.000032277152,0.00018775824,0.00003936834,0.00030785642,0.000024385212,0.00011157255,0.000009312456],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020757887,0.008543708,0.07470011,0.00015235896,0.00022961816,0.00008865936,0.0055888654,0.039807864,0.5937219,0.27226713,0.00009651049,0.0045956867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003291792,0.0010766628,0.0010581922,0.0003602633,0.00012970007,0.000014462494,0.0029901944,0.052721433,0.9164962,0.0094020385,0.011062948,0.0013960865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023173425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002040852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32277432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048630623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003168319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5552533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012631770","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.023589","title":"Entangled Bessel-Gaussian beams","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Physics; Bessel function; Gaussian; Angular momentum; Quantum mechanics; Optics; Squashed entanglement; Curse of dimensionality; Flattening; Quantum; Statistical physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009811239463938142,"score_gpt":0.23677481894838276,"score_spread":0.22696357948444462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012631770","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66444117,0.00025448136,0.012772107,0.00018482882,0.0013998968,0.0003149681,0.00008516914,0.000104804385,0.32044256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853748,0.0000024018057,0.0091657145,0.000041100066,0.0010828228,0.000032175965,0.00005577072,0.000037294143,0.004207923],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891967,0.000022537717,0.0001901717,0.00016111656,0.0002076302,0.00049890025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992835,0.000033673765,0.00007378277,0.00035987425,0.000035904963,0.00021326996],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009898971,0.00017949793,0.00016258865,0.000037187747,0.00010506733,0.00007009087,0.00022152023,0.000044997232,0.00049923355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003937542,0.00017022812,0.00009577259,0.00009393841,0.00005457998,0.00027662687,0.00014454353,0.00014888067,0.0002887527],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002428572,0.001940867,0.1166038,0.00005880934,0.00032461883,0.00000722224,0.003793538,0.00017858073,0.02819927,0.83459604,0.006764616,0.0075083664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051463023,0.00040690726,0.011639977,0.00026552338,0.00065093156,0.000024010023,0.010449373,0.0034862694,0.46971598,0.037826065,0.45596924,0.004419407],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021499973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7809502e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023551092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013679962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6941701},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2014090427","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.95.208102","title":"Passive All-Optical Force Clamp for High-Resolution Laser Trapping","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":226,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","keywords":"Clamp; Trapping; Optical tweezers; Optical force; Stiffness; Physics; Trap (plumbing); Bandwidth (computing); Instability; Laser; Anharmonicity; Optics; Atomic physics; Materials science; Mechanics; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Telecommunications; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013459701376485547,"score_gpt":0.2753017040433757,"score_spread":0.2618420026668901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2014090427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6830939,0.0020829537,0.14388494,0.16344535,0.0004661054,0.003269232,0.00015182946,0.00019458364,0.0034111105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829506,0.00007629661,0.0028515176,0.011698041,0.001860058,0.0002708489,0.00012018564,0.000034964094,0.00013745268],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987894,0.000032609634,0.0002659231,0.00029828533,0.00020700372,0.00040677533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993579,0.0001383146,0.00010628884,0.0002424275,0.000039850904,0.00011524107],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008673839,0.00021443758,0.0003561024,0.000019909441,0.000076170596,0.000033366738,0.00016975313,0.0000109911725,0.00008180973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014401554,0.00018708495,0.00032009275,0.00009846403,0.00006552268,0.00018610721,0.00004911964,0.00016921005,0.00019373589],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000722032,0.0018805867,0.00019602077,0.002188666,0.0009803715,0.000006751109,0.00045347257,0.0037317276,0.09497924,0.5155464,0.17516337,0.20480123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058607245,0.00073648535,0.0014138301,0.0045264163,0.0027251863,0.00000605861,0.000120853714,0.05475375,0.085109,0.04879558,0.79196566,0.0039864397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000052430864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.4069995e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6168023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060292376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001360215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7629103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015380566","doi":"10.1364/ol.35.002828","title":"Characterization of a refractive logarithmic axicon","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Logarithm; Bessel beam; Bessel function; Diffraction; Beam (structure); Range (aeronautics); Constant (computer programming); Intensity (physics); Refractive index; Light intensity; Light beam; Physics; Materials science; Laser; Laser beams; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0036465897034354267,"score_gpt":0.20439470896023462,"score_spread":0.2007481192567992,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015380566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891929,4.0341837e-7,0.0051770033,0.0006688002,0.00033431605,0.00010783892,0.00003670523,0.000012568962,0.004469451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959228,3.7407878e-7,0.0033790742,0.00015247635,0.00024225627,0.000008009474,0.000078427285,0.00001568119,0.00020089124],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994745,0.000009952504,0.00014852935,0.00012260147,0.000108279455,0.00013610603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995778,0.0000198685,0.00012508685,0.00019497891,0.000044789445,0.000037471425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005476438,0.00009170731,0.000109039756,0.000044962806,0.00003317306,0.000023217593,0.000104224026,0.000029314766,0.00020345581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000044766152,0.000092872506,0.00005120641,0.00007577694,0.000068862486,0.0001221724,0.000038659073,0.00019405395,0.00003809484],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042104352,0.0000618213,0.0043889703,0.000005111592,0.000027193813,9.5363293e-7,0.00013272944,0.0000052094256,0.980004,0.0143129965,0.000024542718,0.0010322547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007599207,0.00008586157,0.020111984,0.000026477146,0.00007385582,0.000002968555,0.00016646314,0.0021181118,0.97019297,0.0016307773,0.004382589,0.0004480204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016374865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.492756e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015723014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007615622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013706534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3787231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016608499","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.109.193901","title":"Nonparaxial Mathieu and Weber Accelerating Beams","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":367,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Army Research Office; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Physics; Beam (structure); Mathieu function; Classical mechanics; Limit (mathematics); Optics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01618064708218893,"score_gpt":0.2796189334913843,"score_spread":0.26343828640919537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016608499","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881514,0.0039195893,0.0004687671,0.0026467906,0.00015681911,0.00025988714,0.000008587273,0.000027059328,0.0043611443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931364,0.00014265942,0.0007543301,0.0044568116,0.0013925058,0.000038714643,0.000014097305,0.000020083819,0.00004439748],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991973,0.000037970516,0.00015201328,0.00014841348,0.00014922704,0.0003150764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958116,0.000050255272,0.00006784356,0.00016414194,0.000011897718,0.00012471076],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001169551,0.00015438012,0.00024678416,0.000010669443,0.00006951812,0.000036563713,0.000088831046,0.000004963083,0.00015692945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005701273,0.00012740481,0.00010842406,0.000081051396,0.000052514977,0.00024607894,0.0000902291,0.00015710668,0.00024450407],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022695782,0.0028688258,0.1240679,0.0042353407,0.0008036275,0.000011454881,0.0034088818,0.00008153307,0.13769086,0.28982282,0.08911235,0.3478737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032676014,0.00032801248,0.040272105,0.006539258,0.0019510089,0.00003512824,0.00037981814,0.0061072274,0.0213619,0.008703627,0.90539867,0.005655631],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009355071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.034123e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8162863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011010077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004606669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51954174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2017324767","doi":"10.1023/b:jomc.0000007809.83562.52","title":"Comparison Between a Generalized Electronic Diabatic Approach and the Born–Oppenheimer Separation Scheme in Inertial Frames","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematical Chemistry","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Diabatic; Born–Oppenheimer approximation; Inertial frame of reference; Scheme (mathematics); Mathematics; Mathematical chemistry; Physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Combinatorics; Adiabatic process","score_opus":0.01371985659530713,"score_gpt":0.2893878364571654,"score_spread":0.2756679798618583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017324767","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9841402,0.00034315872,0.008494603,0.00019549328,0.000012676323,0.000112805326,0.000001418959,0.0000034254654,0.0066962144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942936,0.0000033985928,0.0053527486,0.000012658478,0.00016638634,0.0000087920735,0.000003831672,0.000011743252,0.00014685233],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988124,0.00007147035,0.0005674788,0.00009731881,0.0002365399,0.00021478627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992947,0.00018262387,0.0002807455,0.00012689798,0.000043972334,0.000071076356],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058778265,0.00013536842,0.00043021134,0.000019278958,0.00003949134,0.000059343503,0.0001313393,0.000056188517,0.00018158632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085295665,0.0000873263,0.00010925365,0.00009352473,0.00011088498,0.00008181094,0.000028905482,0.0004422914,0.0000042167003],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005653643,0.0045009367,0.18912205,0.0013870166,0.0024838187,0.000013187426,0.006338255,0.00084210705,0.07965928,0.7109496,0.0021269347,0.002011461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01840641,0.00023018275,0.0015908704,0.0003810673,0.0009497553,0.00012347905,0.0037876961,0.043511104,0.24241564,0.68542707,0.0020330548,0.0011436841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001636807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7054773e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18753117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033429696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000639528,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3561063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018360773","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/25/49/495301","title":"Template stripped double nanohole in a gold film for nano-optical tweezers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Optical tweezers; Fabrication; Tweezers; Nanotechnology; Throughput; Nanoparticle; Stripping (fiber); Streptavidin; Nano-; Trapping; Optoelectronics; Optics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009329793268423097,"score_gpt":0.24377961150151878,"score_spread":0.23444981823309569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018360773","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9795348,0.000028352182,0.011572921,0.0015726975,0.00033760484,0.00053535204,0.0000322538,0.00014938178,0.006236661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934305,0.0000010357957,0.004139188,0.00007214059,0.00010523325,0.00017306539,0.00003565801,0.00003352905,0.0020096565],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986373,0.000016219454,0.0003117278,0.0003730276,0.00011137854,0.0005503255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932367,0.00009253534,0.00008756749,0.00039540377,0.00004170126,0.00005913891],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019133158,0.00019889345,0.00031269065,0.00018553596,0.000058640708,0.000027431865,0.0003247939,0.0002573318,0.000098943514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025058045,0.0001978786,0.00010842205,0.000272108,0.00013934632,0.00007845037,0.00013728204,0.0002659111,0.00011687161],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015244317,0.0004799299,0.009833095,0.00004980012,0.000092038725,0.000005001882,0.00013285557,0.00028752515,0.09742174,0.8375934,0.0028286227,0.051123563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010635373,0.0009478189,0.00032473993,0.00007567323,0.000070369526,0.000008195814,0.00053244596,0.0055694412,0.595408,0.13009602,0.2553176,0.0010142874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007918564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022817334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70749736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047999794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038475704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80692554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021579647","doi":"10.1038/srep03705","title":"The bifoil photodyne: a photonic crystal oscillator","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photonic crystal; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.004361386030361471,"score_gpt":0.20878158384891557,"score_spread":0.2044201978185541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021579647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9252783,0.00006853717,0.00048218467,0.00015513305,0.008942575,0.00025677294,0.0000041804024,0.000061871826,0.06475043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97906816,3.3240482e-7,0.00018690337,0.000016533548,0.00023317334,0.000031090076,0.000020068894,0.000018094348,0.020425636],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99823475,0.000039077313,0.00035500037,0.00049310946,0.0004708733,0.0004071829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984628,0.000055832345,0.00022449605,0.0010226293,0.0001080018,0.00012622202],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012045292,0.00014525154,0.0001305848,0.00004580026,0.00083232997,0.0006474713,0.0002100073,0.000025271496,0.00038439958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040326075,0.000099129466,0.00014579967,0.00029418993,0.0003364034,0.00010940231,0.00014136158,0.000120252764,0.00015014796],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042357504,0.00095421606,0.09480842,0.0000849452,0.0004639978,0.00018199642,0.0022682562,0.000434815,0.46868852,0.11755972,0.24344778,0.07106498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000107807435,0.00002293383,0.0002764902,0.000011764639,0.000016478414,0.000021327955,0.0001757122,0.000955457,0.034647793,0.057290625,0.90627253,0.00020107221],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041767213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007806902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66282475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028334662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010599515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6401694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022531982","doi":"10.1063/1.4871540","title":"Dynamics of submicron aerosol droplets in a robust optical trap formed by multiple Bessel beams","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trap (plumbing); Optical tweezers; Bessel beam; Trapping; Bessel function; Beam (structure); Langevin dynamics; Aerosol; Optics; Materials science; Physics; Atomic physics; Molecular physics","score_opus":0.0061589248708214875,"score_gpt":0.2042594070693759,"score_spread":0.19810048219855442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022531982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91783345,0.0000148022555,0.07806111,0.000061659615,0.00011676163,0.00017816738,0.000044126944,0.0000056507088,0.0036842567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943347,0.0000028224856,0.0052162562,0.000023647399,0.00030147636,0.000006708373,0.000046632616,0.00003634185,0.000031403597],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851364,0.000017989996,0.00065439206,0.00015537727,0.00033857042,0.00032005075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891657,0.00013029977,0.0005241455,0.00020337594,0.00010693675,0.00011867228],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022819667,0.00021486772,0.0005031671,0.000053336244,0.000039820687,0.00003280959,0.0002881964,0.00006861193,0.000013485352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000063674156,0.00019910184,0.00019292365,0.00019641659,0.00010286159,0.00014834224,0.00006391475,0.0004143474,0.000004986813],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009474902,0.0083255535,0.034452517,0.0003830685,0.0007978086,0.000009245013,0.0028250732,0.11580638,0.47282377,0.2970305,0.0024178068,0.06418077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013512037,0.0012560942,0.002627155,0.0003224197,0.00042703052,0.00001202157,0.002798107,0.23948126,0.63087785,0.10636905,0.00075080054,0.0015661623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002166494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072801377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19066146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083942025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058150687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8119137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022619840","doi":"10.1364/josaa.30.000640","title":"Gaussian beam propagation: comparison of the analytical closed-form Fresnel integral solution to the simulations of the Huygens, Fresnel, and Rayleigh–Sommerfeld I approximations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fresnel number; Rayleigh scattering; Physics; Fresnel integral; Fresnel diffraction; Gaussian beam; Huygens–Fresnel principle; Gaussian; Fresnel zone; Fresnel equations; Optics; Geometrical optics; Rayleigh length; Beam (structure); Wave propagation; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Refractive index; Quantum mechanics; Laser beams; Diffraction","score_opus":0.013141315727866172,"score_gpt":0.2609797902792583,"score_spread":0.2478384745513921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022619840","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93356365,0.00007121114,0.021743065,0.042640615,0.00021627558,0.00074637204,0.00005284368,0.000003918458,0.000962073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927764,0.000002725251,0.006703588,0.00021877974,0.00014772105,0.0000055919245,0.0000016011942,0.000010258053,0.00013334124],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998418,0.00007526508,0.00069197075,0.00010109553,0.0005238784,0.00018982546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982368,0.00023335332,0.0007488136,0.00037930018,0.00032088728,0.000080899204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002181078,0.00013867099,0.00033334584,0.000018669773,0.00029040084,0.0000393558,0.0005623854,0.000062964886,0.00007562424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000861271,0.000060282986,0.00056618464,0.0004203185,0.0007935672,0.00012937894,0.00029707173,0.00054713344,0.0000019931556],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033007853,0.010608101,0.3177474,0.00061880547,0.0063373405,3.1795628e-7,0.06817068,0.13610418,0.10357896,0.14273828,0.15962082,0.054145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001971674,0.0010199547,0.26378113,0.0006233077,0.0013856142,0.000011492705,0.03346187,0.62875646,0.0370598,0.027579892,0.0037939907,0.0005548001],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001216129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028781333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4926523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049385573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008692558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29239315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024170093","doi":"10.1117/12.2025141","title":"Expanded horizons for generating and exploring optical angular momentum in vortex structures","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; University of Toronto; University of East Anglia; King Saud University; Leverhulme Trust","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum of light; Optical vortex; Angular momentum of light; Photon; Polarization (electrochemistry); Dipole; Optics; Vortex; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics; Angular momentum coupling","score_opus":0.013359342879411922,"score_gpt":0.22330740915328376,"score_spread":0.20994806627387183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024170093","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99725044,0.00007662099,0.00018878543,0.0007756586,0.00020529881,0.000838088,0.000038734768,0.00003455454,0.00059181586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8692238,0.000014254557,0.12933709,0.000024797851,0.00057097233,0.00065972464,0.000013873363,0.000054959546,0.000100526246],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981653,1.5639493e-8,0.00061789865,0.00037592236,0.00039338108,0.00044745058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99877596,0.00011875829,0.00022136982,0.00004965394,0.00070566573,0.00012862279],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030364975,0.00030443183,0.00038458695,0.00009107173,0.000090212525,0.00018781147,0.0004497387,0.000098842145,0.000023264764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014381572,0.0002611591,0.0003592505,0.00017830059,0.00015908433,0.00069528905,0.00018886972,0.00024837314,6.980522e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017665645,0.00007604341,0.0016332434,0.00018644778,0.00021210373,3.068301e-8,0.00022575085,0.00010241997,0.46336436,0.53298557,0.0004758127,0.00072057714],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056074453,0.0011835375,0.008210696,0.00063833257,0.000416344,0.0000119974075,0.017957093,0.18431382,0.7034109,0.07468992,0.0018470555,0.0017128345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030952124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2199057e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45829564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083768806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002065394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999841},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024214961","doi":"10.1364/lm.2009.jtuc15","title":"Material Modifications with Ultrafast Bessel Beams","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Institut National d'Optique","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Surface micromachining; Ultrashort pulse; Bessel function; Materials science; Optics; Collimated light; Bessel beam; Laser; Optoelectronics; Laser beams; Ultrafast optics; Microfluidics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Fabrication","score_opus":0.005528899662790598,"score_gpt":0.20956383451866306,"score_spread":0.20403493485587246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024214961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7940785,0.0000014733816,0.013190284,0.00064478425,0.00006815933,0.00012333729,0.00003865307,0.000058921087,0.19179584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933015,1.8208338e-7,0.002696376,0.000052562715,0.00018891056,0.0000077501145,0.00005748076,0.0000067769324,0.0036884348],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995874,0.0000044431467,0.00008322978,0.000111894784,0.00007984774,0.00013317379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973595,0.0000061867963,0.00002488585,0.00015989416,0.000027514196,0.000045595698],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000016788803,0.00007863122,0.00006642826,0.000016686345,0.000060938874,0.00005562051,0.00008283795,0.000011723108,0.00050326105],"category_scores_gemma":[4.2958607e-7,0.000058930185,0.00002320478,0.000065493325,0.00002251085,0.00008612517,0.000006939416,0.000039039292,0.00006966927],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033737808,0.0009129109,0.004679089,0.000005350077,0.00007818908,0.0000023637342,0.00039229714,0.0004943919,0.044763096,0.9352923,0.0025093388,0.010836955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030417212,0.0013668695,0.061909597,0.00006428414,0.0002129654,0.000014432312,0.0037640382,0.0022482206,0.81878173,0.07946663,0.027177338,0.0019521893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003158555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.41116e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85582566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000067302176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013633774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5510355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024313160","doi":"10.1063/1.4895620","title":"Optical spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in ultra-thin metasurfaces with arbitrary topological charges","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":136,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Azimuthal quantum number; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum of light; Spin (aerodynamics); Photon; Angular momentum operator; Optics; Topology (electrical circuits); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0066397025791044215,"score_gpt":0.207992124675286,"score_spread":0.20135242209618157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024313160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9754522,0.0000076038036,0.011736535,0.0013532615,0.0001204681,0.0004485345,0.000018813304,0.00006105695,0.010801565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917302,4.889148e-7,0.006283396,0.0014567911,0.00028233792,0.00007447271,0.00008641684,0.00004479067,0.000041112875],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981146,0.000044259625,0.0002991763,0.0005564372,0.0003966733,0.0005888623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992126,0.00009733665,0.00010053052,0.0003750368,0.000021859083,0.00019261494],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019014816,0.0003695007,0.00043700042,0.00006787198,0.00009921789,0.00007900234,0.00031378647,0.00005717253,0.00011491559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029328512,0.0003155449,0.00010682841,0.0003036918,0.00019514347,0.00015248716,0.000092910544,0.00038620582,0.00021752556],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018480577,0.00080974493,0.017060447,0.000059050206,0.00025015956,0.000035708134,0.0008596493,0.0064170724,0.54308486,0.42885217,0.0009983802,0.0013879578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004945363,0.0007514497,0.010163378,0.00012459327,0.00023949648,0.000007203531,0.0017169171,0.001892032,0.9547198,0.019397305,0.0033702112,0.0026722532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048208134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.276242e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41163495,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049590915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018741608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025152660","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.003397","title":"Eigenfunction expansion of the electric fields in the focal region of a high numerical aperture focusing system","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Optics; Apodization; Bessel function; Eigenfunction; Physics; Numerical aperture; Diffraction; Multipole expansion; Aperture (computer memory); Debye; Electric field; Electromagnetic field; Cardinal point; Wavelength; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score_opus":0.010787604561889147,"score_gpt":0.20255262000779342,"score_spread":0.19176501544590427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025152660","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96187377,0.00006414919,0.035105944,0.00014447942,0.00017355726,0.00021581262,0.000003721126,0.000007246104,0.0024113304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926347,0.0000039295196,0.00047994783,0.000021081027,0.0001246573,0.000013906946,0.0000038201774,0.000010273284,0.00007893752],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991527,0.000084789506,0.00024348116,0.00012420781,0.00024778256,0.00014700185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933064,0.00012216526,0.00014552193,0.00033021343,0.00005406984,0.000017401282],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007939756,0.00010095555,0.00016660847,0.00003512037,0.0000837428,0.000008509165,0.00022334274,0.000061482606,0.0000050406056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001165419,0.000060822535,0.00009898801,0.00026355454,0.00004534139,0.0000553426,0.000059855884,0.00019107803,0.00000119208],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067927036,0.003259775,0.07905931,0.0010123502,0.00043876568,0.00011416073,0.02722342,0.026208276,0.16269663,0.6783541,0.003955279,0.016998671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008467299,0.0025940516,0.065726794,0.0025547997,0.0006994833,0.00048625027,0.024507385,0.22200681,0.6487514,0.017241172,0.004383694,0.002580902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018491168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.2867914e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6611129,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024379411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003384978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2480271},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025644714","doi":"10.1364/ol.37.002556","title":"The taming of absorption: generating a constant intensity beam in a lossy medium","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Bessel beam; Diffraction; Absorption (acoustics); Beam (structure); Intensity (physics); Propagation constant; Materials science; Free space; Physics; Laser beams; Laser","score_opus":0.009156554542811448,"score_gpt":0.2204147823467196,"score_spread":0.21125822780390816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025644714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99444234,0.00006693873,0.0023893574,0.0010911387,0.00040236657,0.000105994346,0.0000069408056,0.000007221888,0.001487691],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960223,0.000002611725,0.0032910237,0.00022315865,0.00037797075,0.000008511721,0.0000072466937,0.000011672031,0.000055538512],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918103,0.000020922407,0.00025162366,0.000092998394,0.00015436203,0.00029906005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995209,0.00008696169,0.00011396972,0.0001853174,0.00004191565,0.00005092056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029396696,0.000102573555,0.00013555965,0.00003117235,0.00008789556,0.00003329702,0.000115732546,0.000020636351,0.000021370177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014101181,0.000080940736,0.000056656256,0.00010158519,0.0001425101,0.00009844833,0.000087116394,0.00016265939,0.000011227772],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038131817,0.0003823931,0.4815162,0.00005427001,0.00021768143,0.000010120167,0.004573598,0.0016761023,0.43817097,0.068431735,0.0016317678,0.0032970358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008904415,0.0005559622,0.10941214,0.0012220215,0.00065994327,0.00009062573,0.04537077,0.07914767,0.7230021,0.0074315034,0.019251805,0.0049510514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038249847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028555196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37210405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003318121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017016975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33006674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025656113","doi":"10.1109/cleo.2007.4452459","title":"Circulating Optical Particle Trapping Through the Integration of Fiber Optics and Microfluidics","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Microfluidics; Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Optical fiber; Trapping; Particle (ecology); Sorting; Mixing (physics); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.02384303648745761,"score_gpt":0.26921373160211015,"score_spread":0.24537069511465254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025656113","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9611539,0.00014517117,0.021159694,0.0005230638,0.00007393467,0.00020592866,0.000011100382,0.000018785186,0.016708398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99634635,0.00007586307,0.0029825775,0.00012411852,0.0001359724,0.000004983981,0.000014268783,0.000020546673,0.0002953113],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865645,0.000028307562,0.000377706,0.00026361426,0.00021736205,0.0004565513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999242,0.00018407009,0.00013343527,0.00022035313,0.00011476391,0.00010538494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033295882,0.00021643903,0.00023118286,0.00003361153,0.00019429231,0.00011011357,0.00011804626,0.000076787524,0.00008440868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020945296,0.00017086045,0.00006262093,0.00015819664,0.00026315553,0.00014035104,0.00005368472,0.00030583818,0.00000806999],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000077207,0.00021405508,0.0016817327,0.000033707744,0.000121847,0.000006676115,0.0015538192,0.00006296998,0.19600116,0.7630913,0.00018313169,0.036972344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020723522,0.0013493437,0.004142929,0.00028687934,0.00033418194,0.000027658632,0.010315656,0.0713362,0.86061424,0.046698973,0.0017298055,0.0010917651],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049402424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044507633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7163924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022035374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004133842,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69674873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027741911","doi":"10.1364/ol.40.000419","title":"Needles of light produced with a spherical mirror","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Axial symmetry; Optics; Light beam; Geometrical optics; Physics; Ray; Formalism (music); Curved mirror; Total internal reflection; Beam (structure)","score_opus":0.012630065128955308,"score_gpt":0.21655411797020158,"score_spread":0.20392405284124626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027741911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838704,0.000011370951,0.0018987034,0.0026962555,0.00011334434,0.00014277147,0.0000067934066,0.000019195055,0.011241182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9608237,1.3423977e-7,0.038512606,0.00016502362,0.00011918413,0.000010486202,0.000009823988,0.000022724116,0.00033629558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992791,0.000014523767,0.00014805821,0.00015506339,0.00021241856,0.00019083743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949545,0.000012502258,0.0000817545,0.00024138397,0.00006821909,0.00010071257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006227809,0.00012176522,0.00015867931,0.000023605247,0.00002004663,0.000024297042,0.00012868391,0.000016547001,0.00003653263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004921467,0.000096335934,0.00004492852,0.00013573312,0.000071550625,0.00007365761,0.000047107722,0.000088932524,0.000035849436],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003165168,0.0016036291,0.17906004,0.00013515895,0.00078956527,0.00006833486,0.008718546,0.001050401,0.7518923,0.034915306,0.019015143,0.002435021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0069826352,0.0019481096,0.0043935804,0.00026087344,0.0005129959,0.000025782067,0.011572575,0.002275447,0.93872356,0.0034014217,0.027580302,0.002322734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040428164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.653813e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1868312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017659786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038959683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39284655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029800025","doi":"10.1364/ol.38.000380","title":"Spectrum to distance mapping via nonlinear Airy pulses","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; International Osteoporosis Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Self-phase modulation; Physics; Dispersion (optics); Modulation (music); Nonlinear system; Phase (matter); Phase modulation; Cross-phase modulation; Optical fiber; Nonlinear optics; Frequency domain; Acoustics; Phase noise; Laser; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.00535953402899699,"score_gpt":0.1977761837612174,"score_spread":0.1924166497322204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029800025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80737185,0.000013248809,0.16446815,0.014591843,0.0004646634,0.00038074856,0.000027348751,0.000059811828,0.012622355],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94937724,7.5138394e-7,0.045337353,0.0023360818,0.0008503173,0.00004722111,0.0000343588,0.00004384106,0.00197282],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894744,0.000012172088,0.00020483005,0.00024874692,0.0001790678,0.00040776154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994212,0.000027045051,0.00005677208,0.00032247909,0.000028971761,0.0001435491],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044840846,0.00018108661,0.00015679288,0.000058074795,0.00009189171,0.00013450558,0.0002197554,0.000021522505,0.0005247209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035128555,0.00018147973,0.00008386839,0.00016973032,0.00004747012,0.00016426353,0.0001107682,0.00014889793,0.0014300117],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051782223,0.0014807697,0.12812066,0.00025359943,0.000998249,0.00010477762,0.0040997565,0.009836881,0.6124074,0.08861523,0.09417817,0.059852734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005427977,0.0011273822,0.055150524,0.00081604277,0.00037687313,0.000034312914,0.0062117027,0.14218138,0.16804016,0.049746733,0.560389,0.010497929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106982465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002289794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4662108,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040734525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009993223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2031149772","doi":"10.1039/c3lc41199k","title":"End-faced waveguide mediated optical propulsion of microspheres and single cells in a microfluidic device","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lab on a Chip","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University Health Network; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care","keywords":"Waveguide; Microfluidics; Optical force; Capillary action; Materials science; Optical tweezers; Scattering; Optoelectronics; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.008336736786676006,"score_gpt":0.2121408550180654,"score_spread":0.2038041182313894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2031149772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99419737,0.00019548749,0.000024889669,0.00019463424,0.000058257683,0.0003005442,0.000027517279,0.00001256029,0.004988768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979935,0.0000070807455,0.0014213307,0.000075317184,0.000038909333,0.000017312583,0.000024479174,0.000018476829,0.0004035888],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991775,0.00003318102,0.0002494693,0.0001967245,0.00011992522,0.00022319549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999584,0.000075069824,0.00006868001,0.00015760904,0.000038757593,0.000075860306],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006656595,0.00013864422,0.00019163369,0.000037541035,0.000023933686,0.000033677454,0.00009422748,0.000046850233,0.00042570988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010342103,0.000117357,0.00003649585,0.00012181012,0.00007409808,0.000066447195,0.00007597218,0.000123595,0.00012226218],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014011062,0.00031413045,0.00802858,0.000031039697,0.000014241631,0.0000016689028,0.00023729235,0.0000013380276,0.98657185,0.0013631772,0.0005193689,0.0029032996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007572939,0.00016989386,0.009070212,0.000090488626,0.000010130497,6.427121e-7,0.00021175017,0.00015418217,0.98722404,0.0009602916,0.0011858465,0.00016523848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043088858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009302711,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0045851795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020590904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019690116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47856796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032304278","doi":"10.1364/cleo.2010.jtud19","title":"Generation of Spatiotemporal Bessel-Gauss Beams","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Bessel function; Optics; Gauss; Dispersion (optics); Physics; Zero (linguistics); Spacetime; Pulse (music); Computer science; Laser beams; Laser; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.01836273024375898,"score_gpt":0.25009315079390854,"score_spread":0.23173042055014956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032304278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9571604,0.000002400793,0.007640142,0.00009656057,0.00028787513,0.0000639107,0.000009683447,0.000011010036,0.03472803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992016,1.3928315e-7,0.005596126,0.00001146718,0.0003908494,0.0000041240946,0.000057252302,0.000006843748,0.001917209],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99964607,0.000004751732,0.000121115256,0.00006627198,0.000084446154,0.00007734988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972975,0.000006180684,0.000048436697,0.00014141898,0.00004512801,0.000029102799],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047183017,0.000055517343,0.00006721809,0.00001853784,0.000026039648,0.0000145806,0.00006206474,0.000020903894,0.00089949946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015326981,0.000048170634,0.000037484195,0.000044640878,0.000027884145,0.00007646095,0.000024552055,0.00007280743,0.000026311758],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024680392,0.00024329664,0.07809952,0.000007951748,0.000039032137,2.4763756e-7,0.00019375283,0.00004909159,0.46036994,0.4403875,0.0019150263,0.018692197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003604671,0.00006740525,0.004440029,0.000003846038,0.0000189593,3.9381698e-7,0.00025871475,0.0044839913,0.9768221,0.008070823,0.0052689104,0.00020437253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021818242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019310686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51645213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000021144767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016399768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98488885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032981893","doi":"10.1364/josaa.17.001086","title":"Intensity-based modal decomposition of optical beams in terms of Hermite–Gaussian functions","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Modal; Hermite polynomials; Intensity (physics); Optics; Gaussian; Decomposition; Physics; Mathematics; Materials science; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.005451267181937283,"score_gpt":0.2354936113833338,"score_spread":0.23004234420139652,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032981893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98262453,0.00001625615,0.0093420185,0.002217772,0.00009951592,0.00010799533,0.000019608839,0.0000028478707,0.0055694557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9696274,0.0000046020396,0.030081155,0.00010256486,0.00008772943,0.0000012001327,0.0000027538845,0.000010554648,0.00008206261],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870205,0.00003709359,0.00064642366,0.00009349767,0.00034506348,0.0001758783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991124,0.000102066646,0.00039751668,0.000186133,0.00011722534,0.000084631414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016780096,0.000118900425,0.00043403998,0.000031827123,0.000038948736,0.000009296624,0.00023717919,0.000053474283,0.00027517157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010514444,0.00008402678,0.0006979052,0.00027329152,0.00050509727,0.00008760221,0.000049606817,0.00034283128,0.0000030308731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0032231966,0.022692313,0.19684418,0.0006772728,0.0035166754,0.000019466292,0.006312724,0.16843095,0.37786415,0.0111318035,0.0072346595,0.2020526],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015858961,0.009868169,0.3825203,0.003363532,0.0023155224,0.00013825537,0.014196657,0.17716381,0.34853843,0.039736412,0.0042948727,0.0020050926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038581493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9097999e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20004751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049056518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005974522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34265125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033751592","doi":"10.1039/c3nr03644h","title":"Optical trapping of NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+ upconverting fluorescent nanoparticles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Nanoparticle; Trapping; Materials science; Fluorescence; Luminescence; Laser; Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Distilled water; Laser power scaling; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Optics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007954254190021584,"score_gpt":0.2149176649147792,"score_spread":0.20696341072475763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033751592","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98962593,0.000062261264,0.00062914094,0.00033508783,0.00016958734,0.00021752731,0.0000061877377,0.000031612195,0.008922661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99729276,0.0000010222756,0.0019424881,0.000037111862,0.0001372626,0.000028951259,0.0000058551523,0.000019457757,0.0005351157],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988949,0.000022744867,0.00033846527,0.00019708094,0.0002089275,0.0003378983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994414,0.00005000482,0.00009082115,0.00022248534,0.00007913834,0.00011614622],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008147751,0.00013865545,0.00020453866,0.00003796567,0.00007030951,0.000042710602,0.00016088653,0.000041304476,0.0010442676],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011440901,0.00012590128,0.00011643026,0.00012937121,0.000107222586,0.0001608809,0.000092361566,0.0001121069,0.00024153234],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007236293,0.00036955386,0.043795466,0.000043874934,0.00006608089,0.0000013785424,0.00044408208,0.000026378177,0.9080762,0.019072704,0.0014254776,0.026671568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046714334,0.00007514229,0.009689437,0.00005450354,0.000026950911,8.984437e-7,0.0005909308,0.0016956639,0.98297155,0.0034461613,0.00077047624,0.00021112604],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000107119326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.813656e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07489537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017662142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002470582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998689},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035447115","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/8/5/075","title":"Experimental quantum cryptography with qutrits","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":423,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Quantum key distribution; Quantum cryptography; Qutrit; Quantum mechanics; Quantum; Quantum error correction; Quantum channel; Quantum information; Quantum entanglement","score_opus":0.0073070244965790935,"score_gpt":0.2249098307341812,"score_spread":0.2176028062376021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035447115","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93775797,0.00037885422,0.052118767,0.00011766437,0.0002603728,0.0000823839,0.00000753706,0.000012142982,0.009264302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923734,8.0317886e-7,0.0051481714,0.000019597304,0.0022743142,9.274102e-7,0.0000048019547,0.000022971126,0.00015499271],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913317,0.00001537626,0.00025800933,0.00009153236,0.0003107092,0.00019119155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937236,0.000018597468,0.00028936067,0.000119863435,0.000102427635,0.00009740339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043530035,0.00014796773,0.0002043912,0.000046221467,0.000056292036,0.000057160145,0.00015696471,0.000018156506,0.0001050104],"category_scores_gemma":[4.3305877e-7,0.00011571963,0.00017804519,0.0001916836,0.000050616738,0.00025476978,0.000023608727,0.0001778037,0.0000143732095],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000190979,0.0023970283,0.048981875,0.000016904847,0.00040296614,0.00004464501,0.00052873563,0.001433509,0.076546356,0.8337598,0.026110092,0.009587108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059396396,0.0019537956,0.0042166794,0.00018660634,0.00020878555,0.00004614921,0.001639829,0.00022167838,0.71417856,0.252586,0.018032182,0.0007900767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008742892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.3049814e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6376322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019578854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008200214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47189096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035536237","doi":"10.1117/12.2062051","title":"Optical tweezers for free-solution label-free single bio-molecule studies","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Molecule; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Tweezers; Nanometre; Biomolecule; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.014668801905543318,"score_gpt":0.23900377247997326,"score_spread":0.22433497057442994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035536237","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892082,0.00010492936,0.00095758244,0.004126809,0.00038722422,0.0006839341,0.00012846885,0.00007874556,0.0043240623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.69050395,0.00001967212,0.30655107,0.00014100551,0.0015779495,0.00042228875,0.000035638554,0.0001290807,0.00061933335],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977468,2.35142e-8,0.0006731208,0.00043983513,0.0006128484,0.00052735704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973664,0.0002604993,0.00036251752,0.00012381829,0.0017481785,0.00013855509],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005941498,0.00037358687,0.00049482245,0.00008531398,0.00013767713,0.00012533422,0.0011977208,0.00013894826,0.000010541382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00087781344,0.00032239733,0.0006736429,0.00024316715,0.00035962672,0.00042197426,0.00043743275,0.0002513996,0.0000023130829],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005549542,0.00023547572,0.00024072411,0.0003015981,0.00064050336,1.8206292e-8,0.00012716145,0.000033976332,0.3438105,0.6464645,0.007689088,0.00040093434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0067949123,0.002183684,0.0003224478,0.0007086861,0.000908287,0.0000075568264,0.004550551,0.06286079,0.8291159,0.07740848,0.013794844,0.0013438152],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008186126,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.598325e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56905603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016488029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024472176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036153425","doi":"10.1109/jlt.2013.2283271","title":"Enhanced Optical Forces by Hybrid Long-Range Plasmonic Waveguides","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Plasmon; Materials science; Optical force; Optical tweezers; Waveguide; Optoelectronics; Dielectric; Nanowire; Optical power; Optics; Nanophotonics; Surface plasmon; Quantum dot; Coupling (piping); Physics; Laser","score_opus":0.003912832242627073,"score_gpt":0.21414720288289815,"score_spread":0.2102343706402711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036153425","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97965264,0.0005245475,0.011793481,0.0023683715,0.00032086947,0.00015875412,0.00000858407,0.00004293593,0.005129785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954785,0.00001886955,0.0029050424,0.00003865528,0.000169035,0.000014023968,0.0000045878664,0.000026124775,0.0013451264],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986251,0.000016456908,0.0005874498,0.0001680376,0.00020929979,0.0003936636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989492,0.00006523616,0.0003978283,0.00024642108,0.00024517707,0.0000960921],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113138914,0.00020342776,0.00038918847,0.0002423654,0.00006904075,0.000059701404,0.00044218227,0.00010539158,0.0009396559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027266058,0.0001607422,0.00017406704,0.00018942506,0.00019931723,0.00028096582,0.00012658285,0.00046404175,0.0002894037],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008877007,0.0019632243,0.04444378,0.00008468513,0.0017486571,0.00017167118,0.00032318872,0.000040294628,0.6362055,0.11712455,0.08881538,0.10899028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008599045,0.00059809757,0.0004789963,0.000058142057,0.00006885279,0.00011440868,0.00030548626,0.00008140194,0.9574009,0.03521834,0.004542222,0.00027322126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008603268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.0293175e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32119542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005342528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004605636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999736},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036634185","doi":"10.1504/ijnt.2008.018705","title":"Cognitive ability process at the molecular level","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Nanotechnology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Signal beam; Beam (structure); Grating; Maxima and minima; Optics; Polymer; Light beam; Materials science; Molecule; SIGNAL (programming language); Laser; Physics; Interference (communication); Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Telecommunications; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.018054803078015533,"score_gpt":0.28712206931464274,"score_spread":0.2690672662366272,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036634185","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98286927,0.00011177083,0.012316668,0.0031457099,0.00037685008,0.00006217722,0.000034048066,0.000008752598,0.001074742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99928313,0.0000065703575,0.00021098877,0.00011547092,0.00014176982,0.0000043592545,0.000004665722,0.00000796084,0.00022505772],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918103,0.000022821676,0.00026860496,0.00009312094,0.00031854384,0.00011588288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998959,0.00007106395,0.00027385328,0.00009394231,0.0005764562,0.000025674937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011206349,0.00008456555,0.000119431905,0.00008511158,0.000067732944,0.000009912863,0.00047087867,0.000050212217,0.00029578072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006773951,0.000059044098,0.00011604288,0.00008440547,0.00029214917,0.00008386422,0.00013145867,0.00026046106,0.000036009144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012171048,0.0032714612,0.38984933,0.000027627286,0.0055091972,0.0024175404,0.0041782954,0.0014994475,0.20973068,0.22565599,0.0038283605,0.15281494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030254892,0.0004227452,0.010277003,0.00009062542,0.000103518,0.0021473172,0.001437234,0.00018048691,0.8342499,0.13835168,0.009321924,0.00039204923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000975286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011287706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6245192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006252717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008019182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32385913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036910637","doi":"10.1364/fio.2009.jwc73","title":"Study of the Transversal Misalignment of an Axicon","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Transversal (combinatorics); Optics; Gaussian beam; Physics; Gaussian; Line (geometry); Optical axis; Beam (structure); Computer science; Laser beams; Lens (geology); Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Laser","score_opus":0.008224632240221335,"score_gpt":0.2410288054850341,"score_spread":0.23280417324481278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036910637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98266554,0.0000021518922,0.00009588418,0.00006400091,0.00003770045,0.0001656669,0.000004542832,0.0000038772855,0.016960634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999515,4.273355e-8,0.000112789014,0.000012100051,0.000022432054,0.0000012329208,0.0000010236173,0.0000027557865,0.00033265573],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995907,0.000019566367,0.00012885955,0.00006640003,0.00012999363,0.00006451147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972165,0.0000054119955,0.000043546686,0.00019503837,0.000015368472,0.000018995708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039905204,0.000050553088,0.00008279828,0.000009209734,0.00001628182,0.0000036069375,0.00012392038,0.0000074194572,0.00015347893],"category_scores_gemma":[3.048001e-7,0.00003222385,0.000046207475,0.00005044272,0.0000167987,0.00003424453,0.000011574106,0.000029273486,0.0000011942079],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015875271,0.046418056,0.2493938,0.00003848602,0.00072108547,0.0000040583964,0.046092357,0.002095083,0.19044226,0.38798645,0.00070475513,0.075944826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039261566,0.0051270067,0.18282525,0.000025044405,0.00020190344,5.714567e-7,0.056098554,0.0005442443,0.7362879,0.014246984,0.00035283482,0.00036354212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008989623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000040535647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5458456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004035762,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007976953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16804868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037438396","doi":"10.1529/biophysj.104.044867","title":"Physical Properties of Escherichia coli P Pili Measured by Optical Tweezers","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lawson Health Research Institute; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Pilus; Optical tweezers; Elongation; Escherichia coli; Biophysics; Chemistry; Crystallography; Biology; Physics; Materials science; Optics; Biochemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.01392502764216151,"score_gpt":0.2245647927700825,"score_spread":0.210639765127921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037438396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957213,0.00003990667,0.001633954,0.00045033506,0.00019352659,0.00012572028,0.000020623458,0.000021887136,0.001792778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980545,0.0000023185034,0.00078617746,0.000034776043,0.000950182,0.000007838239,0.000005049711,0.000031393334,0.0001277725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998471,0.000042065658,0.00033767306,0.00020987116,0.0005480726,0.00039128776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999198,0.000018004337,0.00016834043,0.00019547594,0.00015391591,0.00026624443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009426639,0.00023924428,0.0003813527,0.000035555666,0.0001356017,0.00008438383,0.00028931958,0.00004562292,0.000046036388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014178143,0.00018473648,0.0003174296,0.00019092207,0.00032908752,0.00020257475,0.00008256994,0.00045296387,0.000076694254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005256688,0.0013563128,0.00018472901,0.000016957412,0.00014351573,0.000003988602,0.0002684311,0.00013135838,0.98571044,0.011169196,0.00028139589,0.0006811309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012354275,0.00039540633,0.0002718987,0.000073839845,0.000091419046,0.000004799712,0.0003723652,0.00027043483,0.9919303,0.004604252,0.0004371133,0.00031275753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031674164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6821303e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006564944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007091772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012767468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75333345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037464397","doi":"10.1117/12.625007","title":"Extend focal depth of a tracking lens by phase apodizers","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Lens (geology); Focal length; Cardinal point; Optics; Tracking (education); Focal point; Computer science; Point spread function; Phase (matter); Depth of field; Diffraction; Entrance pupil; Field of view; Physics; Pupil","score_opus":0.011501009265535706,"score_gpt":0.24485496428941475,"score_spread":0.23335395502387904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037464397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918922,0.000108619926,0.00020328713,0.0012700136,0.00013130806,0.00040004522,0.00016503481,0.000043041106,0.0057864427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9467417,0.000018880293,0.05224837,0.000049945793,0.0005317547,0.00007035895,0.000021053547,0.000060552426,0.00025740193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99783707,1.3395775e-8,0.00075533375,0.00034428472,0.0006397575,0.0004235344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828833,0.0000966429,0.00046143105,0.00006131946,0.0009742194,0.00011804417],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037094884,0.00032350668,0.00044319607,0.00007608819,0.00006922866,0.00007977705,0.0007384037,0.00011664826,0.000047867918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010309095,0.0002854627,0.0007349123,0.00023702887,0.00026096072,0.000666004,0.00014651897,0.00030453553,0.0000021773294],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007080225,0.00053260603,0.00064644637,0.00019735555,0.00050686835,3.383521e-8,0.00024987324,0.00008842079,0.5936536,0.39728606,0.0040651322,0.0027027787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040602903,0.0007380458,0.00032676596,0.000386186,0.0003842224,0.000007998614,0.003004316,0.03461366,0.9384677,0.0027918173,0.014505208,0.00071378215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013896759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.06156754e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39449424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010646048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030577263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038978596","doi":"10.1364/ao.52.000b40","title":"Fabrication and modeling of multimode fiber lenses","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universität Potsdam; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Multi-mode optical fiber; Fiber; Lens (geology); Fabrication; Optical fiber; Hard-clad silica optical fiber; Polishing; Silica fiber; Core (optical fiber); Dispersion-shifted fiber; Graded-index fiber; RADIUS; Sapphire; Plastic optical fiber; Optoelectronics; Fiber laser; Fiber optic sensor; Laser; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.012214826765861515,"score_gpt":0.22103814609466588,"score_spread":0.20882331932880435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038978596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9369215,0.000022709597,0.023420772,0.00003838222,0.000024152641,0.00020862021,0.0000066274974,0.000015426753,0.039341815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97229505,0.0000028563718,0.027263472,0.000012663984,0.00006223047,0.000027221407,0.000013690736,0.000012239084,0.0003105665],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99955165,0.0000032288515,0.00014626716,0.00010993745,0.00007798011,0.00011096204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968153,0.000023276836,0.00005238099,0.00014184136,0.00006506651,0.000035886558],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000027404938,0.00007950713,0.00010021264,0.000022148333,0.000032032447,0.000021844324,0.000056167017,0.000022870026,0.00014412518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019045435,0.00007594352,0.000021346259,0.000044117955,0.000034543908,0.00006066808,0.00005207143,0.000054202606,0.00007742858],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021067415,0.0006713328,0.008428161,0.00016316133,0.00029505783,3.3531617e-7,0.0024855572,0.06685816,0.06310637,0.69187886,0.0007746145,0.16531733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069279457,0.000044977027,0.0009376655,0.000018418632,0.00006837017,3.9027867e-7,0.0013702646,0.9150435,0.018987125,0.062210727,0.00024882195,0.00037697563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008379108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.5611921e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8481853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000051235975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007765344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3096887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040259010","doi":"10.1364/ol.38.005083","title":"Tunable supercontinuum light vector vortex beam generator using a q-plate","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":107,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Army Research Office; Corning Incorporated Foundation","keywords":"Supercontinuum; Optics; Optical vortex; Light beam; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Multiplexing; Beam (structure); Optical communication; Broadband; Optical tweezers; Materials science; Photonic-crystal fiber; Optical fiber; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007007483485119624,"score_gpt":0.19860079206161826,"score_spread":0.19159330857649864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040259010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919045,0.00003377884,0.0031729036,0.0015731311,0.0005775874,0.0002890209,0.000021790609,0.00004746554,0.0023798281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98079735,0.0000011341864,0.015684845,0.00082789024,0.0010170268,0.000037603382,0.000030389636,0.000069184796,0.0015345584],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986512,0.000021296075,0.0002785601,0.00030609014,0.00020807734,0.000534742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992899,0.000021766386,0.00008071787,0.00037194573,0.00007628827,0.00015943381],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070693204,0.0002541154,0.000235413,0.0000655155,0.00015133894,0.0002719649,0.00021915077,0.000049066268,0.0010462486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000040239224,0.00024770226,0.00013446143,0.00014670554,0.000055626722,0.00036483613,0.000109557834,0.00019547499,0.0006093107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029951977,0.00010314886,0.00638205,0.000014433932,0.00013458917,0.000010064381,0.00023472845,0.00051079266,0.9830587,0.0025081907,0.0068244855,0.00021584434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041431487,0.00032091117,0.007880324,0.00024226868,0.00067606586,0.00003493806,0.0019582533,0.08352834,0.83681697,0.004671828,0.054903585,0.0048233825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020462908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.995781e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14624172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006134093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003247461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999975},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040377698","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.3414","title":"Stretching Single DNA Molecules and using High-Speed Camera Power Spectral Analysis to Demonstrate High Force Capabilities of Holographic Optical Tweezers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Holography; Optics; Spatial light modulator; Physics; Position (finance); Spectral density; Calibration; Bandwidth (computing); Computer science","score_opus":0.0067608242117609295,"score_gpt":0.2266986852050453,"score_spread":0.21993786099328436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040377698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99676436,0.000005743165,0.0024772305,0.00020048484,0.00019909964,0.00009077083,0.00004970898,0.000012956225,0.00019962541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98944277,7.033116e-7,0.010151154,0.000020214908,0.0003400772,9.573628e-7,0.000006850586,0.00002185148,0.000015451937],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858147,0.000047983565,0.000387568,0.00027463064,0.00029999026,0.0004083399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991125,0.00007667222,0.00017204628,0.00021261221,0.00011224017,0.0003139703],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012790233,0.00023738858,0.00044189664,0.00024016891,0.00015313833,0.0001643042,0.00019055976,0.00006448597,0.00009304705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014203869,0.00020681982,0.0003182374,0.00047101305,0.0003637125,0.00018079838,0.000092382244,0.0004958249,0.0000026681696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002463113,0.00025879982,0.011031231,0.000005159742,0.000571825,0.000011626353,0.00023659682,0.00062919874,0.96736836,0.019403389,0.0000048146235,0.0004543495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001276414,0.001162298,0.0747939,0.00006138897,0.0019334689,0.00005233055,0.003177973,0.0067352424,0.8863798,0.023334283,0.000013357811,0.0010795875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020953252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000071288423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08098862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024233137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040470997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84338677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041784588","doi":"10.1364/ao.39.000026","title":"Optical levitation particle delivery system for a dual beam fiber optic trap","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Levitation; Optical tweezers; Optics; Radiation pressure; Optical fiber; Trap (plumbing); Optical force; Beam (structure); Laser; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Trapping; Fiber optic sensor; Physics","score_opus":0.00982308354162497,"score_gpt":0.21907345412063556,"score_spread":0.20925037057901058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041784588","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95479333,0.00002686792,0.002698066,0.00008613983,0.00010828645,0.00067353284,0.00006111709,0.000102194426,0.04145047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97456825,0.0000013331887,0.022514222,0.000035595283,0.00042189247,0.0002407557,0.000098154414,0.00004944341,0.0020703452],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986247,0.000010377598,0.00036220296,0.00031687497,0.00022614072,0.0004597033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928355,0.00014206638,0.00006554733,0.00029114948,0.000067325964,0.0001503598],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014387108,0.00022392106,0.00024713605,0.000027271433,0.00016595316,0.00010752401,0.0001353168,0.00007227231,0.00046352143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029598493,0.00022643233,0.00013444154,0.00013940953,0.00007977096,0.00011359233,0.00003251001,0.00012768681,0.00077793456],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022972387,0.0006981815,0.00016580528,0.00018061353,0.00031498575,0.0000098938,0.0007153539,0.009740762,0.009421613,0.8947782,0.0008695951,0.08287528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.028901212,0.0030831862,0.0036049078,0.0005236034,0.003962197,0.000103348444,0.02268788,0.26443636,0.5587436,0.049448278,0.056241103,0.00826434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000062381087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.0437067e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84532994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005570903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040235936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042488374","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.020228","title":"Non-paraxial TM_01 and TE_01 from Laguerre-Gauss angular spectrum","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Laguerre polynomials; Optics; Paraxial approximation; Physics; Angular spectrum method; Gauss; Azimuth; Bandwidth (computing); Diffraction; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.007700358377594673,"score_gpt":0.22393663820468399,"score_spread":0.21623627982708932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042488374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9568492,0.0003014332,0.004284978,0.00011290669,0.00077757734,0.00022425668,0.00016161552,0.000040970244,0.037247017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906758,0.000005939008,0.0059168153,0.00003759619,0.0020389552,0.000021519598,0.00009896379,0.00004581348,0.0011586148],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987012,0.000022222666,0.00022868965,0.000272562,0.00022718436,0.0005481146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991507,0.00005337078,0.00009345317,0.00041908785,0.000025740126,0.00025766515],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010338525,0.0002533786,0.00025728156,0.000043807464,0.0001238936,0.000117627285,0.00020901082,0.000073960044,0.00050710264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000043280315,0.0002476968,0.00008776952,0.00007919204,0.00009676158,0.00029948572,0.00018978374,0.00020935496,0.0001699494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001938043,0.0030828612,0.60846674,0.0001312348,0.0012473456,0.000049985723,0.012417923,0.00032983953,0.12222994,0.23018454,0.009335396,0.012330394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011819709,0.0007765707,0.10599613,0.00039233032,0.0013299922,0.000028916751,0.012786652,0.019559866,0.60182357,0.09419239,0.14431052,0.00698335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024658977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017277121,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5024706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020565434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014545244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042603399","doi":"10.1039/c3lc50772f","title":"Sensing nanoparticles using a double nanohole optical trap","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lab on a Chip","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Trap (plumbing); Trapping; Nanoparticle; Optical tweezers; Nanometre; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Particle size; Microfluidics; Refractive index; Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Molecular physics; Optoelectronics; Optics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.020843948897307125,"score_gpt":0.2496248046227966,"score_spread":0.22878085572548948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042603399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97868884,0.000012262292,0.00031590005,0.0002678453,0.00014259276,0.0001825475,0.000003617426,0.0000432421,0.020343177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994458,1.4547852e-7,0.004521607,0.0001313367,0.00022085462,0.00000542539,0.0000048501897,0.000024723555,0.0006330133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991441,0.000018543491,0.00016106885,0.00019716051,0.00015638357,0.00032274608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995676,0.000028242663,0.00004225059,0.00021577167,0.000034765584,0.00011136345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000057939833,0.00013966717,0.00013955458,0.00003363965,0.0001075695,0.00013089964,0.000083996645,0.000030599265,0.00048606368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002395195,0.00012328285,0.00007424744,0.00011568467,0.000053411448,0.00013110154,0.000050248967,0.00012288868,0.0005974931],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005191005,0.0005837229,0.0066135917,0.000024856674,0.00012134402,0.00001302397,0.0008565623,0.0005225307,0.7926689,0.17276472,0.00060155103,0.025177304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025760098,0.00021648356,0.0036172082,0.00012351252,0.000072287134,0.000010586463,0.0009609397,0.022502802,0.9437165,0.02314977,0.0022996487,0.00075422967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017466999,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001383735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15104763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023846083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002201266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7679764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043121406","doi":"10.1364/ao.50.000303","title":"Demonstration of a Fresnel axicon","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University; Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Fresnel diffraction; Bessel beam; Diffraction; Fresnel lens; Strehl ratio; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Interference (communication); Ptychography; Physics; Fresnel zone; Bessel function; Materials science; Wavefront; Laser; Lens (geology); Computer science; Laser beams; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.017147441188528987,"score_gpt":0.20371317994854848,"score_spread":0.1865657387600195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043121406","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4375126,0.0000069978773,0.0138278855,0.000007261224,0.00006711527,0.0001262581,0.000011972367,0.000018208553,0.5484217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98167056,8.3677924e-7,0.017968912,0.000011225913,0.00006977863,0.000011973989,0.000014562966,0.00001216927,0.0002399786],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949133,0.000004134753,0.00017746455,0.00010379711,0.00009580636,0.00012747935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964476,0.0000134439115,0.000087491564,0.00018210197,0.000032848337,0.000039343224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049289916,0.00008549727,0.00010639437,0.00002668932,0.000021165395,0.0000076252363,0.00010236265,0.000029769959,0.00022026515],"category_scores_gemma":[8.488299e-7,0.00008467245,0.000042037893,0.00007367766,0.000060391034,0.000039254344,0.000038692684,0.000069236645,0.00005966387],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008546686,0.000160608,0.005117567,0.000008329475,0.000037771293,3.8022893e-7,0.0004931215,0.000013443134,0.009020119,0.9817654,0.00007116398,0.0033035683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014117659,0.00022836837,0.008139543,0.000027056249,0.00018339217,0.000001461286,0.0034949244,0.0015865222,0.7105465,0.27302992,0.00067430787,0.00067621924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023476512,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.846328e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70873547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005500835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001933079,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34528422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043179223","doi":"10.1364/boda.2015.jt3a.5","title":"Focal Spot Engineering of Axial Optical Tweezers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics in the Life Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Holography; Stiffness; Optics; Optical force; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.030995455285799365,"score_gpt":0.26929918187057506,"score_spread":0.2383037265847757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043179223","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94893986,0.00006129406,0.0021955462,0.0005954958,0.00043096166,0.00010479612,0.000005281919,0.000009617826,0.047657132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897708,9.3548374e-7,0.009898122,0.000032146454,0.00024039017,0.0000046528603,0.0000012082232,0.000004922096,0.000046762718],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989982,0.000022721775,0.00019841891,0.00013607887,0.00040980405,0.00023474194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954367,0.00013540292,0.0000485682,0.0001541936,0.000033878372,0.00008427673],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008373482,0.00008924722,0.00012493084,0.000058971033,0.000042601307,0.00004354989,0.000498425,0.000022623346,0.000016973412],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000096306714,0.00006165107,0.000045756777,0.00034406834,0.00031218433,0.000112230184,0.00009645399,0.0001310737,0.000015841677],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009862247,0.00021269113,0.016539011,0.000011476288,0.00002210879,0.00000403329,0.0020351477,0.0289467,0.0005520331,0.9504735,0.0003520607,0.00084141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054155476,0.0034515257,0.016071495,0.00036762148,0.00029448856,0.000033299933,0.08580319,0.5638111,0.04286463,0.27019432,0.008945789,0.0027469597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029912324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.988221e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68027914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000103356815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010637611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25140578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043353832","doi":"10.1364/ol.38.003387","title":"Periodic self-accelerating beams by combined phase and amplitude modulation in the Fourier space","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Phase modulation; Amplitude; Fourier transform; Modulation (music); Physics; Phase (matter); Amplitude modulation; Self-phase modulation; Space (punctuation); Diffraction; Spatial frequency; Frequency modulation; Nonlinear optics; Phase noise; Telecommunications; Bandwidth (computing); Computer science; Laser; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.00715292167832109,"score_gpt":0.22220737305352936,"score_spread":0.21505445137520826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043353832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904939,0.000013632112,0.003089851,0.0051602437,0.000055853423,0.00032831132,0.000008995679,0.000016528114,0.00083270564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98915595,0.0000011477038,0.0099164685,0.0006497135,0.00009745299,0.00005115188,0.000052868865,0.000015635482,0.000059631846],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992682,0.000035604844,0.00016162769,0.00016290531,0.00015374515,0.00021792769],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963444,0.00004900162,0.00006387883,0.00019023761,0.000019449652,0.00004297129],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011031044,0.00013089273,0.000109348606,0.000027310472,0.00011766914,0.0002962986,0.000110219575,0.000022370094,0.00007302165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003499517,0.00010684661,0.000030652187,0.00008648058,0.000046424633,0.00019376684,0.00004163874,0.00014976868,0.000019413836],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051536215,0.003709752,0.17226501,0.00016441723,0.00050635845,0.000026414062,0.035120763,0.003867954,0.6141441,0.09196901,0.03873917,0.039435547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017410636,0.0009280812,0.04775225,0.00015561192,0.00027147608,0.000014365006,0.01312278,0.88112885,0.009464871,0.012576485,0.014084772,0.0030898342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010401977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7042644e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87726086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020166779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006763676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4357078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044118006","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2014.fm4d.5","title":"Dynamical Two-Dimensional Accelerating Beams and Enhancement of Their Peak Intensities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Beam (structure); Physics; Acceleration; Dynamics (music); Computational physics; Computer science; Optics; Classical mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.008914512822599694,"score_gpt":0.22374662642525894,"score_spread":0.21483211360265925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044118006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736727,0.000011603782,0.005053388,0.00012472516,0.000068449175,0.000055784934,0.0000056989284,0.0000094244115,0.020998249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99498373,1.5858349e-7,0.0040439977,0.00006776905,0.00009305474,0.0000040450072,0.0000169395,0.0000072347775,0.0007830706],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948794,0.00001692233,0.00016317442,0.000118572905,0.00009207457,0.00012134864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996964,0.000058556434,0.000050171107,0.0001013051,0.00005614161,0.000037429974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009436423,0.00009069882,0.00013688563,0.000018575232,0.00004555641,0.000020679703,0.000049000915,0.000011716846,0.000337892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032061544,0.00006817335,0.00003676741,0.00002529799,0.00007004725,0.000054955253,0.00012026132,0.00006124398,0.0000073086253],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031598975,0.00045469403,0.017893257,0.000058045494,0.00025268618,5.864497e-7,0.0015805897,0.00052124634,0.21270332,0.7178347,0.00058027054,0.048089024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022848481,0.00072135526,0.005789376,0.0001681771,0.00007335745,0.0000054106586,0.006288306,0.34997818,0.56743175,0.06541042,0.00095831,0.0008905119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007229676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002003653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6524243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006777665,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000087585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36996806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046835822","doi":"10.1364/ao.40.000930","title":"Optical selection, manipulation, trapping, and activation of a microgear structure for applications in micro-optical–electromechanical systems","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Materials science; Optical tweezers; Laser; Torque; Optoelectronics; Micrometer; Physics","score_opus":0.00825365984977953,"score_gpt":0.22863867437654883,"score_spread":0.2203850145267693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046835822","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7246858,0.000022602906,0.2732689,0.00007051953,0.000028863658,0.0010302205,0.000023548224,0.000022978234,0.0008465579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97931135,0.0000045423885,0.020168576,0.000010745872,0.0001232527,0.00017527671,0.00012457605,0.000029495652,0.000052163017],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988776,0.000009349714,0.0004141451,0.00028979,0.00013141813,0.00027774178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940425,0.0001243196,0.00013111666,0.00016298683,0.000105541185,0.000071789495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098378616,0.00017733633,0.00026502783,0.00010413552,0.00008735483,0.0000490006,0.00010438652,0.000112942434,0.00001578064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000070498936,0.00018314917,0.000047848607,0.00032269635,0.00006018761,0.00006695665,0.000033396544,0.0001678594,0.0000015922083],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003452456,0.0001673472,0.0044712685,0.00006818733,0.00005624937,8.1982904e-8,0.000096483214,0.00070731784,0.24496996,0.74838626,0.00002054485,0.001021764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059849136,0.00059508596,0.010052156,0.00014138626,0.00043455264,0.000036476726,0.004110126,0.05489235,0.6966375,0.22023232,0.0051714955,0.0017116392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016553488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002944483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52815396,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047507856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003922762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7468606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046891327","doi":"10.1364/josaa.22.001274","title":"One-dimensional description of cylindrically symmetric laser beams: application to Bessel-type nondiffracting beams","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Optics; Physics; Laser beams; Type (biology); Laser; Bessel beam","score_opus":0.010483799332464967,"score_gpt":0.24253015197725153,"score_spread":0.23204635264478657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046891327","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92603105,0.00007742434,0.066887654,0.004783333,0.00017583297,0.0002339719,0.000009842669,0.000006524906,0.0017943704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8451397,0.000006668696,0.15407802,0.00030843695,0.00033808226,0.000002105331,0.0000023373743,0.000014500742,0.00011015084],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838567,0.000034714867,0.0006411173,0.0001306948,0.0005992185,0.00020859696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828243,0.00018268535,0.00075029914,0.00020979888,0.0004403562,0.0001344548],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029159486,0.00012713597,0.00034905924,0.000049402155,0.00008169701,0.00001974604,0.00032171575,0.00005534585,0.00004614641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067085864,0.00009769342,0.00046559842,0.00066810066,0.0001415963,0.00016807491,0.00014712654,0.00034158435,0.00001466914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00058258,0.009289622,0.016718127,0.00019842904,0.0022904673,9.905515e-7,0.0039887596,0.11342826,0.5299232,0.0067352415,0.009862825,0.3069815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008789946,0.00820914,0.13392581,0.0017028382,0.003461647,0.000079515514,0.015368704,0.23237629,0.52101207,0.01799155,0.054191127,0.002891354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003670652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3885061e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30409014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000982709,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008518958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39838222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048120811","doi":"10.1038/nphys2415","title":"High harmonics with a twist","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Harmonics; Attosecond; High harmonic generation; Twist; Nonlinear optics; Optics; Beam (structure); Infrared; Harmonic; Optical physics; Nonlinear system; Vortex; Laser; Quantum mechanics; Plasma; Voltage","score_opus":0.004106986516301907,"score_gpt":0.21785464238454016,"score_spread":0.21374765586823827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048120811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9321886,0.000679857,0.01303063,0.0004853402,0.0012768458,0.00037343762,0.00013348606,0.00014738021,0.05168443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924267,8.339604e-7,0.0045927363,0.00016559908,0.0019040365,0.000014065656,0.00007275122,0.000034867684,0.000788399],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991708,0.000012713339,0.00009078917,0.00014360707,0.00022508854,0.00035703098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994656,0.000023532726,0.00006863303,0.00027046265,0.000062134015,0.0001096725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004772302,0.00017355844,0.0001478342,0.000013366761,0.00007533171,0.00003854964,0.00014022479,0.00006840988,0.00013021873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014663573,0.0001352162,0.000066568195,0.00018051254,0.000047772617,0.00024224924,0.00005763902,0.0005414528,0.00017310133],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020844785,0.00055164157,0.040580202,0.000017367152,0.00017052586,0.000001605314,0.00039855513,0.00006819247,0.00073571067,0.9451769,0.004750394,0.007528087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006849095,0.0007334312,0.03918179,0.00023688385,0.0010346869,0.000020266478,0.0019746441,0.0010526333,0.29393095,0.26643714,0.38387668,0.004671812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019518331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6095193e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6787397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026215172,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000265321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5513957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048656016","doi":"10.1088/0240-8978/13/4/040201","title":"Special issue on optical tweezers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Biophotonics; Nanotechnology; Trapping; Optical power; Work (physics); Optical physics; Laser; Physics; Optics; Materials science; Biology","score_opus":0.019155445071149867,"score_gpt":0.24325311952255868,"score_spread":0.22409767445140882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048656016","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26741862,0.0000100112475,0.0009260806,0.00021149317,0.002515643,0.00006406217,0.0000066144253,0.0000062590375,0.7288412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93006617,0.0000072029466,0.028543985,0.00011743663,0.03824843,8.7107253e-7,0.0000018292449,0.000035377383,0.0029787056],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906576,0.00001537696,0.00035724815,0.000079484926,0.00028398895,0.00019817126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993207,0.00003696056,0.00021778414,0.00014446104,0.00012977778,0.0001503361],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015342615,0.0001221117,0.00020317583,0.000076696015,0.000040512587,0.000032144446,0.00021415026,0.000037571484,0.0022623942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015706459,0.000100233156,0.00016753135,0.000079306825,0.00006420676,0.00012270085,0.000040535066,0.0003048627,0.00024760957],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006020371,0.003938078,0.02359528,0.000037442933,0.0009990352,0.0004996881,0.0046611303,0.0004158611,0.0012831145,0.75246125,0.11820982,0.093297236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007920014,0.010345782,0.021321079,0.00043763837,0.0010358595,0.00027173848,0.009501429,0.00071435655,0.12749974,0.098626494,0.7200723,0.0022535282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019135439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0073387e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7258625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029259676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048327787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99864966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048660041","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.98.189802","title":"Comment on “Direct Measurement of the Oscillation Frequency in an Optical-Tweezers Trap by Parametric Excitation”","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Excitation; Oscillation (cell signaling); Parametric statistics; Trapping; Physics; Atomic physics; Optics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.031416463068426596,"score_gpt":0.28909177675571235,"score_spread":0.25767531368728575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048660041","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.039384965,0.0018189833,0.00060232216,0.9516358,0.0004478616,0.0023261057,0.00015563764,0.000031047177,0.0035973212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2996484,0.00011490665,0.0002012251,0.69863576,0.0008985749,0.00013632933,0.00028526146,0.00006634862,0.000013208772],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99673724,0.00034590712,0.0006637901,0.00047718643,0.0013426661,0.00043322198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839413,0.0002995959,0.00044576393,0.0006820621,0.00010738385,0.000071063434],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005524533,0.0004267889,0.0007445802,0.00012971,0.00005631571,0.000034942113,0.0004766177,0.00005282398,0.000047578313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048383452,0.00031347884,0.00044669877,0.0007041555,0.00014107567,0.00010402737,0.00004761749,0.0010802101,0.000032904794],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006529551,0.0007786278,0.0018050128,0.0013138031,0.00018011995,0.000006211178,0.00010411071,0.00016593188,0.0021205237,0.0010986899,0.9886331,0.0037873397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021602965,0.0009950667,0.0075512785,0.01620541,0.001585959,0.0000010813872,0.00006729818,0.000890779,0.004465277,0.0064719426,0.95623446,0.0033711793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007990324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.1379343e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26026344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031246606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004105236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048867705","doi":"10.1117/12.930577","title":"Optical trapping of an encapsulated quantum dot using a double nanohole aperture in a metal film","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum dot; Nanophotonics; Optical tweezers; Optoelectronics; Nanolithography; Materials science; Aperture (computer memory); Dielectric; Plasmon; Quantum optics; Numerical aperture; Particle (ecology); Trapping; Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics; Fabrication","score_opus":0.01536830252372037,"score_gpt":0.24296309458290904,"score_spread":0.22759479205918867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048867705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99678487,0.00009070995,0.00005116889,0.0002848882,0.00019121691,0.00046890983,0.000055566154,0.000033106342,0.0020395522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9552563,0.0000046507303,0.04422789,0.000021751905,0.00030904615,0.000056428464,0.000017693985,0.000054644413,0.000051599618],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977387,3.2247744e-8,0.0007887165,0.00031600054,0.0005995434,0.00055697496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986071,0.00009603495,0.0003685133,0.00007044983,0.0006869833,0.00017092105],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006070112,0.00033648036,0.0005216321,0.00012910027,0.000060440674,0.00006609006,0.0006499132,0.00016890687,0.000036308993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009821228,0.00028995564,0.00057746464,0.00041779596,0.00020768249,0.0010832608,0.00017212394,0.0003720357,0.0000011050954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006191445,0.00038825962,0.0016965579,0.00017919316,0.0002920017,5.2182585e-8,0.00039543453,0.00024995802,0.5746596,0.42197877,0.000038335496,0.0000599253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040986855,0.0005577491,0.0030063945,0.0007148103,0.00045459342,0.0000195064,0.007467059,0.2324734,0.7462631,0.0030341737,0.00093738094,0.00097315456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045510817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2539611e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4189446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011378058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039701827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049907622","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.84.044026","title":"Spinoptics in a stationary spacetime","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Photon; Helicity; Polarization (electrochemistry); Equations of motion; Circular polarization; Renormalization; Classical mechanics; Geometrical optics; Gravitational field; Electromagnetic radiation; Electromagnetic field; Maxwell's equations; Quantum electrodynamics; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Magnetic field","score_opus":0.022578649199530395,"score_gpt":0.31483887215942263,"score_spread":0.29226022295989224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049907622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9787035,0.01431691,0.001001067,0.004161826,0.00021748735,0.0013976023,0.00006862666,0.00007390508,0.00005907767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858537,0.0075183907,0.0017635754,0.0037928172,0.00033054518,0.0004577268,0.00018036828,0.00006123541,0.0000416959],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9954383,0.00073369645,0.0013247118,0.0010689183,0.0004496567,0.0009847564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99698275,0.0008443497,0.0005653639,0.00069185626,0.00042875748,0.0004869173],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006632725,0.00069200766,0.0014565178,0.00013540174,0.0003183098,0.00007397013,0.00039861523,0.00017159691,0.000010100007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003731261,0.00065756676,0.00035547663,0.0007572492,0.00062189443,0.0004212813,0.00019091844,0.0007435348,0.00017787266],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015328084,0.002093427,0.13130672,0.0017818137,0.00027711492,0.00004748253,0.0036189698,0.000020889389,0.0025738508,0.82471716,0.004023618,0.029385684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010479453,0.00077136833,0.016630314,0.00072416733,0.000491709,0.000019860849,0.0004636461,0.00011255392,0.0009721665,0.9762039,0.0018375886,0.00072478555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039099186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000091365204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15148675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004948258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014773206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99958754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050085534","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.114.063901","title":"Measuring the Transverse Spin Density of Light","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":271,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Transverse plane; Electric field; Physics; Solenoidal vector field; Spin (aerodynamics); Dielectric; Field (mathematics); Condensed matter physics; Plasmon; Excitation; Optics; Optoelectronics; Vector field; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0300125640471626,"score_gpt":0.26719814039399226,"score_spread":0.23718557634682966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050085534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9822372,0.0012590007,0.0009400251,0.011832168,0.00012144021,0.00031541428,0.0000058361634,0.000016079708,0.0032728314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982525,0.000031349653,0.00008870761,0.0013415562,0.00024382278,0.000012489792,0.0000031130285,0.0000102327995,0.00001622902],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992552,0.00006055563,0.00016063849,0.00012256159,0.00025108436,0.00014995821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950665,0.000029662393,0.00007984804,0.00026631448,0.000043842556,0.000073653486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016852854,0.00011075749,0.0002457671,0.000008700604,0.000029265462,0.000009585896,0.0001907275,0.0000030878857,0.000022528979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010335886,0.00007161517,0.0001991259,0.00012265316,0.00005926709,0.00006827242,0.000043497854,0.00011985149,0.00009996231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009806217,0.0033606458,0.03905174,0.0053399126,0.0016267395,0.00004105026,0.009151925,0.0010416396,0.5504512,0.18208672,0.14131206,0.066438265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051412326,0.0006485906,0.011559585,0.010017552,0.0035610036,0.00001431563,0.0014701994,0.0038197287,0.52398247,0.03468286,0.4013769,0.0037255324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028572837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6303865e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26006487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016859996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016650522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29203817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050642986","doi":"10.1364/josaa.28.002100","title":"Bessel–Gauss beams as rigorous solutions of the Helmholtz equation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Helmholtz equation; Paraxial approximation; Beam (structure); Superposition principle; Gaussian beam; Bessel function; Physics; Gauss; Bessel beam; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Boundary value problem","score_opus":0.02273138269344299,"score_gpt":0.23220982548860492,"score_spread":0.20947844279516192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2050642986","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90000516,0.00025819824,0.06766663,0.006429517,0.00092695624,0.00038255233,0.000037457987,0.000009704866,0.024283813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836359,0.000010507706,0.015764339,0.00012874801,0.000145165,0.0000015831298,4.805221e-7,0.000010489705,0.0003027928],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884754,0.000051266572,0.000435268,0.00007326163,0.00040645737,0.00018621479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99871504,0.00008188382,0.00068220735,0.00024982527,0.00020734851,0.000063696134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023448365,0.0001014794,0.00023790039,0.000010340998,0.00013256754,0.000010829513,0.00046133302,0.00003937239,0.00014189072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003405188,0.000056951114,0.00075547857,0.00022026189,0.000531032,0.00009879914,0.00019541838,0.00029569943,0.0000055854953],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00064624596,0.02022061,0.074926674,0.0005142113,0.010838463,0.000006081532,0.08785404,0.008265919,0.23108931,0.3770131,0.05642902,0.13219635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006665039,0.0052744257,0.099287614,0.0014197342,0.004095078,0.00013584945,0.07143402,0.019676773,0.36724988,0.404576,0.018323656,0.0018619344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014077492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9490614e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13616057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038467275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010274755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2322399},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2051857974","doi":"10.1364/ol.38.000887","title":"Reconstructing the Poynting vector skew angle and wavefront of optical vortex beams via two-channel moiré deflectometery","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"H2020 Future and Emerging Technologies; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Poynting vector; Optics; Wavefront; Topological quantum number; Optical vortex; Physics; Light beam; Vortex; Skew; Beam (structure); Optical tweezers","score_opus":0.0072271704751851315,"score_gpt":0.20894455806357562,"score_spread":0.2017173875883905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2051857974","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783432,0.000045667995,0.01683466,0.00127328,0.00030317254,0.0002829757,0.000009439782,0.000022225502,0.0028853698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.972754,0.0000015639226,0.026556833,0.00023578867,0.000313514,0.000024757092,0.000009820703,0.000035035904,0.000068686655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871707,0.000036950634,0.00036425813,0.0002640886,0.00020229221,0.0004153641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914026,0.00020211669,0.0001798951,0.00030657812,0.00006961886,0.00010153859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017295111,0.00021545311,0.0002583104,0.000060722054,0.00015493944,0.0001233642,0.0001961572,0.00003745313,0.00011406137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020581367,0.00017139237,0.00011373488,0.00013509025,0.00024681224,0.00019021462,0.0001839468,0.00025212276,0.00003134059],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003364338,0.0005145864,0.08131506,0.0002482902,0.001219977,0.000022756236,0.0043393606,0.0017224852,0.77886075,0.04221848,0.0011171299,0.088387474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010032454,0.0014367809,0.05174328,0.0011050572,0.0018739537,0.0003494459,0.017502792,0.45752057,0.35001305,0.10013091,0.0012386717,0.0070530134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016717428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013475411,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4557981,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002625749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015277003,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6989178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052307967","doi":"10.1364/opex.12.005887","title":"Optical tests with Bessel beam interferometry","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Institut National d'Optique","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Interferometry; Bessel beam; Superposition principle; Wavefront; Curvature; Physics; Beam (structure); Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.007605515292989471,"score_gpt":0.22935695307882567,"score_spread":0.2217514377858362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052307967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9100964,0.0000319296,0.035086393,0.00018491647,0.00018186806,0.0001902651,0.000030041048,0.000068812755,0.054129362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96562207,0.0000013539322,0.03314088,0.00003978519,0.00027441993,0.000028904064,0.000029686076,0.00004535392,0.0008175402],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883854,0.000007223439,0.00020263575,0.00029685843,0.00027060288,0.00038410665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992193,0.000045115925,0.00006363718,0.00041150063,0.00008919938,0.00017125464],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005887709,0.0002274859,0.000209025,0.00006718558,0.000100487305,0.00012492503,0.00029070195,0.00005133294,0.00008847446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000072377393,0.00019223393,0.00006943333,0.00018994544,0.00013935658,0.0001825048,0.00016270428,0.0002480936,0.000117411946],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016625557,0.003932764,0.027108373,0.00014181832,0.00070654124,0.00015196168,0.0018162365,0.0150427995,0.07958454,0.86574346,0.00072835735,0.0048768977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009150329,0.002596164,0.005857597,0.0008190747,0.00045490617,0.00007678966,0.0038047992,0.0006787739,0.892165,0.074423924,0.0067175324,0.003255127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023898261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012288955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81258047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042797623,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005262026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7839072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053089440","doi":"10.1364/oe.22.015653","title":"Characterization of OAM fibers using fiber Bragg gratings","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Fiber Bragg grating; Optics; Long-period fiber grating; PHOSFOS; Materials science; Photonic-crystal fiber; Optical fiber; Graded-index fiber; Dispersion-shifted fiber; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Fiber optic sensor; Physics","score_opus":0.009023225541497981,"score_gpt":0.22361630419658568,"score_spread":0.2145930786550877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053089440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96609414,0.0000023318544,0.021958362,0.000021293323,0.00014343378,0.000100489655,0.00003388513,0.000016145377,0.0116298925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98431903,4.2111145e-7,0.01377405,0.000018464572,0.00023659956,0.000005119363,0.00007795376,0.000025457311,0.0015429318],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992861,0.000024875466,0.00021910715,0.00015112026,0.00014907897,0.000169679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994333,0.000029267896,0.00017291393,0.00023580623,0.00007759728,0.000051121264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007957435,0.000118669544,0.0001559021,0.000035779096,0.000057600435,0.000041278898,0.00012680236,0.00003467443,0.00026200296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006686733,0.00012078484,0.00006376761,0.00008133584,0.000048836493,0.00014460502,0.00007610053,0.00007430289,0.000022093465],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060782363,0.00010937626,0.0023975896,0.000041570413,0.00004016753,2.9848724e-7,0.0004947373,0.00068668136,0.97125304,0.022365145,0.00003944142,0.002565888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083074917,0.00012404265,0.0010706777,0.00017633948,0.00010875858,0.0000015598682,0.0002456302,0.06773142,0.9163375,0.0041699875,0.008580353,0.0006230009],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020357149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0517299e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.067044735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010320007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013688847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4925463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053235383","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.004901","title":"Inversion of the Debye-Wolf diffraction integral using an eigenfunction representation of the electric fields in the focal region","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute for Microstructural Sciences","funders":"","keywords":"Eigenfunction; Inversion (geology); Optics; Diffraction; Cardinal point; Inverse problem; Debye; Physics; Aperture (computer memory); Mathematical analysis; Geology; Mathematics; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0321084713846987,"score_gpt":0.2583642094493927,"score_spread":0.226255738064694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053235383","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.990629,0.000011364104,0.007775505,0.0001129249,0.00024786784,0.0002211048,0.0000017873805,0.000003998293,0.0009964134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953026,0.0000061246733,0.00022094215,0.000023361568,0.000100017445,0.0000063988,0.000005162937,0.000007929035,0.00009982593],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991459,0.00015321761,0.00021585253,0.00012325385,0.00024598496,0.00011574617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925494,0.00006454819,0.00020856693,0.00039147984,0.00006618875,0.000014285592],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009202656,0.000086081316,0.00010105967,0.000039771305,0.000141111,0.000012436971,0.00025111248,0.000052493142,0.000006829538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019482051,0.000048853526,0.00010266466,0.0003491296,0.000076157616,0.00017242719,0.00006962835,0.00021957437,4.125163e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032797773,0.002367852,0.6000337,0.000091187125,0.00014249927,0.000005362476,0.020283211,0.049921826,0.27756372,0.037580583,0.0010190076,0.010663098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015781438,0.00039461232,0.15450796,0.00021016247,0.00020692972,0.000031781892,0.0098832715,0.303207,0.5078243,0.021506047,0.00021244779,0.0004373307],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061251025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000129448135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44552574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003419117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000328174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1992189},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053616709","doi":"10.1039/c5an00026b","title":"Molecular weight characterization of single globular proteins using optical nanotweezers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Analyst","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Globular protein; Characterization (materials science); Chemistry; Biophysics; Materials science; Biochemistry; Nanotechnology; Biology","score_opus":0.020063088945595695,"score_gpt":0.23585675232778805,"score_spread":0.21579366338219236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053616709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9518102,0.000018990038,0.045044426,0.00016076822,0.000055374443,0.00014086465,0.000011880043,0.000009473645,0.002748014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99852484,1.9090612e-7,0.0011694868,0.00002005848,0.0001196304,0.0000040668738,0.00004081742,0.000013434608,0.00010747671],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930406,0.0000415719,0.00018327779,0.00011132841,0.00021588083,0.00014386408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994583,0.0000065099625,0.0001136538,0.00026332284,0.00009715284,0.000061050516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013674394,0.000094467934,0.00014556109,0.00003490428,0.000041830917,0.00002853452,0.00015824965,0.000022102606,0.000038618833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005109178,0.00006929298,0.00008368668,0.00022107134,0.00007507683,0.000082618004,0.00007181519,0.000056394634,0.000017014392],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008899339,0.00012967856,0.0026867741,0.000005746241,0.00011820972,0.0000024052033,0.00017805965,0.0003652163,0.9790045,0.017212292,0.000007320692,0.00028089684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035103533,0.000095284355,0.0004355859,0.000029878338,0.0002425,0.0000017887535,0.00029392034,0.0069343173,0.9876692,0.0025124399,0.0012404105,0.0001935886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000067415625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.714775e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.046714626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003104355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040271607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28256857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054097083","doi":"10.1364/ol.32.002508","title":"Dark and antidark diffraction-free beams","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Optics; Optical tweezers; Laser beams; Beam (structure); Light beam; Physics; Diffraction efficiency; Materials science; Laser","score_opus":0.004538812761444804,"score_gpt":0.21465605420907238,"score_spread":0.21011724144762758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054097083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9507711,0.000022549153,0.020478321,0.0016613603,0.00034362447,0.00009924421,0.000016794618,0.000030949224,0.02657604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847174,0.0000025748775,0.013704178,0.000656375,0.00045025194,0.0000027692602,0.000019690127,0.000024935738,0.00042182527],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991775,0.000007813018,0.0001661307,0.00018594341,0.00017166285,0.00029091438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943113,0.00006896722,0.000063864,0.00031602738,0.000021953058,0.00009805879],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001546027,0.00013501087,0.000114519054,0.000051838837,0.00011040407,0.00007635387,0.0001410584,0.000026555008,0.000058793885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008051466,0.00013526123,0.000050334256,0.000091052454,0.00009166799,0.00012877143,0.00010843731,0.00015913518,0.000032986845],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009783074,0.0008141561,0.43340054,0.000105693456,0.000676178,0.0001456607,0.0016657723,0.00034697968,0.26050574,0.20494719,0.048016995,0.049277276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012303595,0.0007683027,0.6268128,0.00032640406,0.0008669349,0.00010407293,0.0076425597,0.0041389638,0.09091905,0.07742646,0.17229936,0.0063914973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033296143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012288552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19341226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019186018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069742514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5515793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055079245","doi":"10.1117/12.2005133","title":"Transmission resonance of a three-dimensional nanostructure with a localized surface plasmon property","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Lawson Health Research Institute; Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Surface plasmon resonance; Surface plasmon; Resonance (particle physics); Extraordinary optical transmission; Nanostructure; Plasmon; Electric field; Optics; Optoelectronics; Transmission (telecommunications); Surface plasmon polariton; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Physics; Atomic physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.006279862862164884,"score_gpt":0.19449533760931792,"score_spread":0.18821547474715303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055079245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99644995,0.00009541451,0.00011200754,0.0011891482,0.00008020265,0.0007837253,0.000057647456,0.000035406276,0.0011965052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8269434,0.000007454872,0.17220223,0.000034282668,0.00015047914,0.00010347188,0.000013118448,0.0000654379,0.00048009466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99797624,1.9127668e-8,0.0005821438,0.00035206944,0.00073888607,0.00035066705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788195,0.00007342976,0.00037015317,0.0000641898,0.0014908146,0.000119483426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002196835,0.00032914153,0.0004422309,0.000044649692,0.00007116438,0.00006402435,0.0006157294,0.00012524519,0.000081232916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039043545,0.00020160095,0.00042935947,0.00026984024,0.00028465816,0.00045437174,0.00011785125,0.00029153845,0.0000017570774],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026298958,0.00026913587,0.0048430674,0.0005072617,0.00053554185,7.9266854e-8,0.00020202927,0.00072308583,0.78134984,0.20761243,0.002475629,0.001218924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041045886,0.0011959763,0.0031096,0.0015163887,0.0003235753,0.000016028705,0.0011766732,0.1386018,0.8335897,0.008549416,0.0068985745,0.00091773743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008783885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.788165e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.199063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060347862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000505564,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8221049},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055145875","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.026424","title":"Experimental realization of optical eigenmode super-resolution","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Optics; Normal mode; Resolution (logic); Physics; Ptychography; Limit (mathematics); Realization (probability); Diffraction; Superresolution; Image resolution; Rayleigh scattering; Computer science; Acoustics; Image (mathematics); Mathematics; Vibration","score_opus":0.015498796726774854,"score_gpt":0.26250784758098533,"score_spread":0.2470090508542105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055145875","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87928647,0.00020415892,0.07362493,0.000015112553,0.0003510137,0.00016749914,0.00003852378,0.000026473153,0.046285808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905915,0.0000016879424,0.0085166,0.00000763061,0.0003673798,0.00002044792,0.00008126372,0.000022848159,0.00039062946],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910647,0.000023546765,0.00022973934,0.00012574854,0.0002176578,0.00029685424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949235,0.000025470494,0.00007041175,0.00024257062,0.000056665784,0.000112512236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000093031114,0.00012673096,0.0001448813,0.000037476333,0.000057921203,0.000020560727,0.00012342808,0.000046611898,0.00026431374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000055171977,0.00012816087,0.00007325839,0.000076472585,0.00007600626,0.00024951,0.0001029089,0.00007314646,0.000033727523],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017781087,0.00083551434,0.009120007,0.000016407403,0.00004336576,3.2121142e-7,0.0013014782,0.000569355,0.26075408,0.72663546,0.00037124017,0.00033499295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005018841,0.00009093292,0.0008877278,0.00002820361,0.000044865348,0.0000013049412,0.0014419967,0.004786081,0.98857814,0.0017131103,0.0016282842,0.00029746638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003557284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0473419e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7278241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028963743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014419119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52262485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055192336","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.77.245125","title":"Optohydrodynamic theory of particles in a dual-beam optical trap","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Trap (plumbing); Optical tweezers; Inertia; Microscopic theory; Particle (ecology); Beam (structure); Dielectric; Scattering; Condensed matter physics; Classical mechanics; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015282250434946167,"score_gpt":0.27674302550438895,"score_spread":0.26146077506944276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055192336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902519,0.002056321,0.00019849303,0.00014541682,0.000027290973,0.00022948072,0.00000906651,0.000012922905,0.007069107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991608,0.00035953912,0.00019263147,0.00006469294,0.00009870159,0.000038550075,0.000008511492,0.000014648352,0.00006187863],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990441,0.000060562867,0.00029522163,0.00018349418,0.00018717402,0.00022943119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943966,0.00013655111,0.00007543203,0.00024615342,0.000026883807,0.000075301294],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015070375,0.00013673598,0.00040734437,0.000022355458,0.00002495762,0.0000039598594,0.00009904864,0.000011949779,0.000103217375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025827894,0.00011211273,0.00019775443,0.00023774485,0.00016049373,0.00008180674,0.000060883125,0.00014017364,0.000101390164],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030273692,0.0033808553,0.0093367,0.00088647066,0.00012519855,0.00003833854,0.0006566365,0.00012471066,0.017269956,0.9348231,0.00034466633,0.032983072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036517947,0.0009493516,0.075943075,0.00608584,0.0006706231,0.000043887998,0.00039967778,0.01053524,0.12264537,0.7737457,0.003078764,0.0022506947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010085217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3743183e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16107744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014106416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003061725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45718244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055739678","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.020987","title":"Calibration of dynamic holographic optical tweezers for force measurements on biomaterials","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Photodiode; Stiffness; Optics; Holography; Materials science; Trap (plumbing); Laser; Deflection (physics); Calibration; Physics","score_opus":0.030704845261987874,"score_gpt":0.2662239810753899,"score_spread":0.23551913581340203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055739678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.961219,0.000012830883,0.035117246,0.00005652448,0.0003016034,0.00043149717,0.00013827407,0.000026449861,0.0026965889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869466,0.0000033584975,0.012446256,0.000016020269,0.00008346876,0.000067763416,0.00011394631,0.000028623843,0.00029398908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898016,0.000024018642,0.0003017242,0.00021678983,0.00023644,0.00024087579],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993735,0.00005984656,0.00013364566,0.00027162873,0.00009323466,0.00006816625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001156523,0.00015809324,0.00022431469,0.000078509576,0.00009520211,0.000022635235,0.0001698323,0.000058183326,0.000032901535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000136862855,0.00015042417,0.00012665505,0.000090208996,0.00012825632,0.00010028625,0.000043818753,0.000036126767,0.0000043209398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014522382,0.0006406718,0.004114032,0.000080627775,0.00020900847,0.0000023910984,0.00029652193,0.0008369121,0.9590982,0.033636514,0.00035604034,0.0005838619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017265385,0.0006045219,0.0010031319,0.0000770795,0.00009250271,0.000002307555,0.00016030646,0.008253607,0.9798552,0.0076476578,0.00014355135,0.00043360866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066974203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2334989e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025988856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016849157,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024330098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61341196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059294850","doi":"10.1119/1.2957885","title":"The angular momentum of photons in a circularly polarized beam","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Photon; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum of light; Angular momentum coupling; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum operator; Quantum electrodynamics; Beam (structure); Plane wave; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.006428187870589367,"score_gpt":0.21650713000238825,"score_spread":0.21007894213179887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059294850","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99045116,0.00013096539,0.008602256,0.00013298016,0.00011952712,0.00008711663,0.000012989525,0.0000030558726,0.00045993808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990094,0.000023210281,0.00064374483,0.000025391651,0.00020981123,0.0000028581292,0.000002106362,0.000018656425,0.000064862565],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879307,0.000065154374,0.00046617,0.00009234255,0.000339424,0.00024385053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987474,0.000102548795,0.00068308285,0.00023160741,0.0001559265,0.00007945436],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019471654,0.00013345068,0.00036649551,0.000054098116,0.00009289998,0.000017486202,0.00031262694,0.000011685971,0.000016206433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010047577,0.00010022307,0.00025122502,0.00043452054,0.00044049422,0.00015227355,0.0000505291,0.0002778777,0.0000040561335],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002854085,0.0025597683,0.32173344,0.000024676585,0.0013269589,0.00012336507,0.008774971,0.00051990186,0.59844893,0.029039871,0.0003969095,0.036765788],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02011127,0.011284505,0.1300152,0.00084836973,0.0011020567,0.00045863542,0.059781384,0.0034168109,0.5659553,0.18745305,0.01576794,0.0038055067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019403805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.4254617e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19171825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041181844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015285648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4086978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059440698","doi":"10.1364/ls.2011.ltui2","title":"Multidimensional Quantum Communication by Temporal Phase Manipulation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Computer science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.03274038557785919,"score_gpt":0.2714350872758223,"score_spread":0.23869470169796309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059440698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9264688,0.000040479514,0.022879332,0.00008489508,0.00008433081,0.00016081754,0.000024309351,0.00005356746,0.05020347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887085,6.017181e-7,0.009165597,0.000029588191,0.000025841435,0.000009716437,0.00036780606,0.000010465256,0.0016819009],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995263,0.000023619543,0.00014828767,0.0001023231,0.000092811766,0.000106631975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996254,0.000012645609,0.000060026636,0.00022083963,0.000036272966,0.0000448344],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006495694,0.00008017881,0.00006780869,0.00001948027,0.000077337994,0.000010485404,0.000086500775,0.000019295263,0.0028061508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010511444,0.000072933784,0.000038946622,0.000044738084,0.000031437365,0.00014736531,0.00005273814,0.00006465926,0.0002032501],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048305305,0.0022483321,0.06272456,0.0000057747693,0.0000792639,8.9582585e-7,0.00084796525,0.000006270613,0.01118372,0.8982289,0.018687217,0.0059388406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018131534,0.0014544072,0.028645903,0.00011797774,0.0002735807,0.0000067695682,0.0077919834,0.2348707,0.30861434,0.29673755,0.100079626,0.0032756082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055988965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020124742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6014913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010615419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008570379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059913764","doi":"10.1364/oe.22.026117","title":"Design, fabrication and validation of an OAM fiber supporting 36 states","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":409,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Multiplexing; Angular momentum; Interferometry; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Optical fiber; Graded-index fiber; Mode volume; Physics; Fiber; Computer science; Fiber optic sensor; Materials science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.0121074570291827,"score_gpt":0.25135574269789007,"score_spread":0.23924828566870737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059913764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85203606,0.0000056055464,0.14570092,0.00002201125,0.00003993775,0.00011964623,0.00001067143,0.000013959661,0.0020512196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9567306,0.000001027849,0.042684097,0.0000058236533,0.00009249324,0.000010483111,0.000095541574,0.000014143519,0.0003657641],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938506,0.000046295387,0.00019410148,0.00013848295,0.000108567314,0.00012747607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994433,0.00007032973,0.00015547586,0.00018373942,0.0000961505,0.000050988212],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020012124,0.00008316854,0.00010465313,0.000027665537,0.00004641859,0.000047441317,0.000078316974,0.000022113074,0.00009406547],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000129253185,0.00008271496,0.000018708859,0.000042971376,0.00003553134,0.00018117891,0.00004440439,0.000046152545,0.000009009433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017689777,0.0019532375,0.031730134,0.00049102475,0.0003760902,0.0000025502711,0.013419094,0.11752791,0.45783785,0.089339904,0.0012866578,0.28585866],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051231455,0.00023574187,0.0011132852,0.00003415416,0.00006277292,6.872155e-7,0.0006295465,0.14847352,0.8253344,0.022263596,0.0010308375,0.00030913076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002097263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.1683664e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36749658,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005401657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008602982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33730185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059957969","doi":"10.1364/ol.33.001563","title":"Nonparaxial TM and TE beams in free space","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Free space; Physics; Free-space optical communication; Space (punctuation); Laser beams; Optical communication; Laser; Computer science","score_opus":0.006427494269045592,"score_gpt":0.19462879208107287,"score_spread":0.18820129781202727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059957969","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98577183,0.00005593723,0.00138835,0.0061360216,0.00021133924,0.000099559365,0.000016273916,0.000014472373,0.006306202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889412,0.00000945315,0.008967144,0.0005220355,0.00033107598,0.000008815938,0.00001108193,0.000021458982,0.0011877602],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993162,0.000012595555,0.00012797608,0.00017043292,0.00012375819,0.00024903315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963343,0.00002704519,0.000036814796,0.00022729994,0.000010929602,0.000064485685],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049686118,0.00012092516,0.00012653817,0.000049491722,0.00005793804,0.000026394207,0.00012259727,0.000026632842,0.000049474074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000043662058,0.0001286399,0.000038276354,0.00009263416,0.00012478614,0.00010621048,0.00010339079,0.000157673,0.0000348877],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010379145,0.0012773633,0.6140914,0.000120106124,0.00037667263,0.0010429792,0.008633184,0.0035585563,0.054493204,0.21183646,0.092187844,0.012278467],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.043251548,0.0018218604,0.27236304,0.000886137,0.00061542087,0.00066494884,0.009628335,0.03973452,0.10307509,0.09246856,0.42247024,0.013020297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015631501,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003939775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34172833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001955788,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013338679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52457833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060283768","doi":"10.1063/1.4802678","title":"A high-speed magnetic tweezer beyond 10,000 frames per second","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of California, Santa Barbara; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Magnetic tweezers; Biomolecule; Tracking (education); Optical tweezers; Speed of light (cellular automaton); Optics; Physics; Materials science; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.007189637368931239,"score_gpt":0.22537076336501716,"score_spread":0.2181811259960859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060283768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642067,0.0028829386,0.0000046177397,0.00020156978,0.0009844321,0.0007690359,0.00014642901,0.000017475679,0.03078678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95083,0.00014420188,0.0017106453,0.00025389873,0.00011126813,0.000051335395,0.00016431503,0.000026474001,0.046707876],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99808186,0.000049942068,0.0005699884,0.0004094467,0.0005033424,0.00038539417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998763,0.000017706423,0.00024963528,0.0005976009,0.00023154716,0.00014050663],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027910894,0.00022864563,0.00041241158,0.000098699944,0.00014586262,0.00019075042,0.00040805302,0.00003761084,0.12590367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009933793,0.00019058654,0.00018947516,0.0003348956,0.00028035796,0.00036397582,0.00019155591,0.00013328837,0.0037671356],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070947617,0.0011635878,0.016202655,0.0072933957,0.0003150852,0.0000019215918,0.00043874394,0.0000012327828,0.027400881,0.020940183,0.1802256,0.74600965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029864658,0.0005983608,0.01936466,0.010096663,0.0005473498,0.000009101527,0.0006833388,0.00050852913,0.065473825,0.03680661,0.8607842,0.0021409441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006331348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.799161e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7438687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031132677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004449249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99700856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063052837","doi":"10.1063/1.3662012","title":"Atomic scale electron vortices for nanoresearch","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Atomic units; Electron; Vortex; Magnetism; Electron microscope; Physics; Atomic orbital; Atomic physics; Vortex state; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015779950343913524,"score_gpt":0.2398564644977965,"score_spread":0.22407651415388297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063052837","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9680915,0.0000070228743,0.014517635,0.00010872661,0.00010531946,0.0004637664,0.000024026953,0.00004321191,0.016638827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99552405,5.0718967e-7,0.0032770021,0.00030602014,0.0003951914,0.00024783192,0.00005873333,0.00004614461,0.00014449112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886256,0.000010866804,0.00016398574,0.00029161625,0.00017611643,0.0004948218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994733,0.00004926247,0.00007972467,0.00029015046,0.000029970908,0.00007762308],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008939551,0.00017725836,0.00016987613,0.000028617409,0.00012842775,0.000041059215,0.0002669605,0.000024025392,0.000096670636],"category_scores_gemma":[6.2520945e-7,0.0001774173,0.00012002962,0.00013083957,0.00009638736,0.000102065875,0.000071421746,0.00014656049,0.00015737322],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008490279,0.0003195962,0.008147445,0.000036934165,0.00018446738,5.7649925e-7,0.0011777629,0.000030757245,0.6008157,0.37934998,0.0038561719,0.005995715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010121438,0.00007669575,0.0015541344,0.000009636464,0.000081118786,2.1266906e-7,0.00025654893,0.00018374909,0.92487323,0.06918047,0.002251958,0.00052007136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006197887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011193024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32405755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029227358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002514707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7234868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063547382","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.001077","title":"Ultrashort-pulsed truncated polychromatic Bessel-Gauss beams","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Doric Lenses (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Axicon; Bessel function; Apodization; Physics; Point spread function; Optical transfer function; Aperture (computer memory); Gaussian; Laser; Laser beams","score_opus":0.012143860476984795,"score_gpt":0.22561786259268402,"score_spread":0.21347400211569922,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063547382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9400247,0.00006852358,0.0060846284,0.000092498565,0.00045499677,0.00031923657,0.00008657092,0.00012498902,0.052743882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98815906,0.00000973445,0.0053447234,0.000045973004,0.00037595993,0.000049075745,0.00016683634,0.0000630745,0.005785559],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99834996,0.000036780555,0.00039087026,0.00034921418,0.0003651182,0.00050804944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989265,0.000074291034,0.00013109221,0.00057858235,0.00009104634,0.0001984833],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000076917124,0.0003055947,0.00032736178,0.00007361106,0.00026070073,0.000069168476,0.00038243036,0.00007691312,0.00038488006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010106327,0.0002972379,0.0001550521,0.00020159302,0.0001675436,0.0002053174,0.0001058901,0.00023258897,0.00020162844],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028825135,0.010280294,0.17551853,0.0005918835,0.0030023977,0.00063338963,0.018550716,0.010357548,0.5558749,0.17604692,0.037133858,0.011721324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011441183,0.0012714659,0.023773227,0.0006125349,0.00089677935,0.00023235868,0.00696336,0.042004995,0.8374276,0.032795593,0.03528437,0.00729654],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007364708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.056607e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28155273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003387775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006027317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994797},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065358912","doi":"10.1364/fio.2012.fth1f.5","title":"Demonstration of nonparaxial beams self-bending along circular trajectories","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Bending; Nonlinear system; Nonlinear optics; Optics; Self-focusing; Self-phase modulation; Materials science; Laser beams; Physics; Laser; Composite material","score_opus":0.00870300547268152,"score_gpt":0.22901913504194846,"score_spread":0.22031612956926694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065358912","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93322754,0.000040427953,0.015179305,0.000015246495,0.00030587142,0.00010272571,0.0000074059158,0.000035364166,0.0510861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951144,5.052622e-7,0.004218903,0.0000045103566,0.00044249388,0.0000064657493,0.000021627695,0.000010644585,0.00018046449],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993668,0.00001577571,0.00018368548,0.000083744264,0.00013831575,0.00021165868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996963,0.000025819074,0.00006786535,0.00011778229,0.000030366924,0.00006185933],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104986226,0.000093989176,0.000116216856,0.000029633904,0.000041865806,0.000017801674,0.00006582316,0.00002650082,0.00029666597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016542411,0.00008721603,0.000075813885,0.00008866287,0.000027734826,0.0002818848,0.000024225972,0.00005920926,0.00002945767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030320955,0.00029546744,0.6871067,0.000024839812,0.00011829764,2.5323016e-7,0.0011451244,0.000030162073,0.0122459745,0.2973387,0.00010134076,0.0015900993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016481415,0.0002501333,0.13802356,0.0000561828,0.00039502326,0.000009092125,0.007899689,0.0016995625,0.83406234,0.010217262,0.0045076353,0.0012313713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009024302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3983654e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8218164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016825377,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019428451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35565665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066230184","doi":"10.1364/oe.19.021370","title":"Positional stability of holographic optical traps","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Spatial light modulator; Optical tweezers; Holography; Optics; Wavefront; Digital holography; Spatial frequency; Stability (learning theory); Digital micromirror device; Phase (matter); Physics; Phase modulation; Modulation (music); Materials science; Computer science; Acoustics; Phase noise","score_opus":0.023028723794325485,"score_gpt":0.22990671580914296,"score_spread":0.20687799201481746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066230184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89276564,0.000018391898,0.00805351,0.000021803615,0.000121250014,0.00011716335,0.00009686228,0.000019097439,0.09878626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97094,0.0000014168122,0.028863735,0.000009753739,0.000073269795,0.000015451158,0.000028827428,0.00001388596,0.00005364932],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991422,0.000025436466,0.00024631532,0.00019037742,0.00018314988,0.0002124681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938285,0.000043378706,0.00007491138,0.00030835834,0.00010068674,0.000089826244],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010776606,0.00012429999,0.00016909177,0.00004429165,0.000041806463,0.000012160618,0.00020057429,0.000046146928,0.0010264482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000478358,0.000119832504,0.00013202392,0.0001025752,0.00023540723,0.00009290788,0.000085830536,0.00013033445,0.000016378255],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068659254,0.0018884464,0.07463212,0.0000459826,0.00017051397,0.00000632124,0.0012525333,0.0000101107,0.06648737,0.8539193,0.00012212788,0.0013964513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019466128,0.0008251051,0.10024432,0.00008712155,0.0002599821,0.000008265577,0.0022066382,0.0012954052,0.7167865,0.17460741,0.000643012,0.0010895944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027173633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.6002447e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67931193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000068129852,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022537768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067403510","doi":"10.1364/oe.16.009306","title":"Theory of dielectric micro-sphere dynamics in a dual-beam optical trap","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Multipole expansion; Physics; Optics; Oscillation (cell signaling); Optical force; Beam (structure); Maxwell stress tensor; Dielectric; Trapping; Mie scattering; Computational physics; Classical mechanics; Cauchy stress tensor; Quantum mechanics; Light scattering","score_opus":0.008123088945669531,"score_gpt":0.21535501533485252,"score_spread":0.20723192638918297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067403510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9397019,0.0001360928,0.0048994436,0.000030927156,0.0001102104,0.00019315502,0.000046520036,0.00001997886,0.05486177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916405,0.000020373274,0.006326893,0.000014065378,0.00010222764,0.000022011387,0.000036014673,0.00003657189,0.0018013248],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987284,0.00004093989,0.0003759113,0.00025328566,0.00021537932,0.00038607704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924105,0.00014701311,0.000104487604,0.00034923566,0.00006785068,0.00009033596],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013321223,0.00020672797,0.00031087358,0.00008499649,0.00005966447,0.000018388722,0.00018881037,0.00008099544,0.00015746102],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013863018,0.00020698318,0.00012931766,0.0002754884,0.0001843609,0.00010091589,0.00011128063,0.00027324568,0.000022461933],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015191475,0.0022514644,0.028972836,0.000099404664,0.00020473653,0.00014070889,0.0018105016,0.0013776937,0.055634473,0.90444285,0.0002825181,0.0046308995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009239931,0.0014880447,0.014561587,0.000488654,0.00036267942,0.0001713855,0.00993862,0.054748673,0.7776871,0.12574413,0.0018723708,0.003696867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027699809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000295291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77869874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000669593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000067737994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8440529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067720292","doi":"10.1088/0143-0807/35/5/055009","title":"Rapid feedback control and stabilization of an optical tweezers with a budget microcontroller","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universities Space Research Association","keywords":"Microcontroller; Arduino; Optical tweezers; Controller (irrigation); Computer hardware; Laser; Tweezers; Computer science; Control system; Physics; Embedded system; Electrical engineering; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.004602011206944924,"score_gpt":0.1881562508017689,"score_spread":0.18355423959482398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067720292","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8779421,0.000041561227,0.116182625,0.00009378302,0.000061323524,0.000105099665,0.000015280817,0.0000051048128,0.005553157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946029,0.0000018829072,0.0047734915,0.000042593714,0.00051077176,3.6715738e-7,0.0000048546044,0.000030668165,0.000032451313],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902326,0.0002122622,0.00033167916,0.00010643321,0.000186524,0.00013984105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990812,0.00006000135,0.00037689338,0.00014359296,0.00021680346,0.00012151903],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004183211,0.00013144304,0.000278641,0.000030140412,0.000038735718,0.000042804128,0.00013231237,0.000008508509,0.000023649081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008657101,0.00009883805,0.000075058495,0.00007171093,0.00012173408,0.00021782545,0.00002369105,0.00014541099,0.000004820614],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002335761,0.0030057842,0.039988913,0.00019546616,0.0017832465,0.000052033614,0.005304765,0.009144068,0.20890892,0.096702985,0.00071577454,0.6318623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.19526048,0.0628688,0.24751094,0.0021227605,0.00548248,0.0003304882,0.011480184,0.066104725,0.28936905,0.06597876,0.047160245,0.006331079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.700063e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0927001e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6255312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007904562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002577419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4030499},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069505889","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/17/2/023011","title":"Divergence of an orbital-angular-momentum-carrying beam upon propagation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":281,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Beam divergence; Divergence (linguistics); Beam (structure); RADIUS; Scaling; Light beam; Angular momentum; Beam diameter; Gaussian beam; Aperture (computer memory)","score_opus":0.023231138339688897,"score_gpt":0.2619026824967524,"score_spread":0.23867154415706351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069505889","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97598314,0.00009760746,0.02183844,0.0000557847,0.00050014665,0.00010665155,0.00001125834,0.000007659845,0.0013993346],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99503803,0.0000015791762,0.0033979565,0.000008310854,0.0013235991,9.865275e-7,0.000012757464,0.000021141133,0.00019562822],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986477,0.000040356434,0.00046824018,0.000118107855,0.00053578976,0.00018983925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984536,0.000018764165,0.00066748424,0.0002017336,0.00040943068,0.00024897233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002531782,0.00014970516,0.00027680135,0.00005208811,0.00004349926,0.00003840154,0.00026844363,0.000029327268,0.00006335606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001338507,0.00013365415,0.00014975893,0.00018040999,0.0000375322,0.00068836147,0.00007215025,0.0001914294,0.000017947184],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006828656,0.005310798,0.07427222,0.0002384894,0.0015207219,0.00010906293,0.018611576,0.048404202,0.41843364,0.12020842,0.009024758,0.30318326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004171563,0.0026466995,0.0023498547,0.00026401968,0.00041198198,0.0000350966,0.0046448368,0.0035373277,0.7952368,0.18389086,0.0020422589,0.0007686873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006685812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.284108e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3768032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057245987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024185318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54502577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070018988","doi":"10.1117/12.707971","title":"Optically tunable hollow Gaussian beams using thin metal films","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Optics; Beam (structure); Distortion (music); Gaussian beam; Reflection (computer programming); Thin film; Phase (matter); Optoelectronics; Gaussian; Trapping; Physics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.008488288736357291,"score_gpt":0.21809353768230036,"score_spread":0.20960524894594307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070018988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98577464,0.000060956783,0.00021296645,0.00081677956,0.0002821369,0.00048451146,0.00009597445,0.00007123301,0.012200824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7527604,0.0000047554972,0.24521437,0.000039789145,0.00083531043,0.00008307708,0.000029368872,0.00009247124,0.0009404249],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973844,1.6526842e-8,0.00079754036,0.0004441699,0.0007903037,0.0005835381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982635,0.00008559644,0.0004126235,0.000080914084,0.0010183684,0.00013900815],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047212615,0.00041405862,0.0004984035,0.0000969384,0.0001410187,0.00021163732,0.0009042358,0.00015421202,0.00008695782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008693697,0.00035249145,0.00090976676,0.00035082785,0.00027173382,0.00067992567,0.0002554585,0.0003762317,0.0000045275806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030553696,0.00023713111,0.00163113,0.00015728676,0.00042467212,1.3203223e-7,0.00007282368,0.0009186701,0.4014313,0.5935896,0.0014548373,0.00005185898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003976249,0.00078086485,0.0031807802,0.0007691094,0.0011780361,0.000035847683,0.005785209,0.25139248,0.6942352,0.031232065,0.0054416815,0.001992441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008815777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.12094945e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56235754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012893279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052950494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072486604","doi":"10.1021/jp040035b","title":"Coherent Control in Nanolithography:  Rydberg Atoms","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"New Mexico State University","keywords":"Nanolithography; Rubidium; Polarizability; Deposition (geology); Rydberg formula; Rydberg atom; Atomic physics; Interference (communication); Materials science; Physics; Fabrication; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.003797673028151107,"score_gpt":0.21903635646555517,"score_spread":0.21523868343740407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072486604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99540514,0.000060716273,0.0012058356,0.00030299448,0.000022912815,0.00005989642,0.000008309237,0.000004252469,0.0029299527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99928546,0.0000011835415,0.000028982025,0.00003690952,0.00058527256,0.0000024723824,0.0000012020535,0.000010359417,0.00004814095],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925625,0.00002450928,0.00024284779,0.00006631523,0.00022141688,0.00018868093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994504,0.00006236476,0.00019683894,0.00015346361,0.000058729314,0.000078241195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014022122,0.00012275243,0.0002191647,0.000014443028,0.000035112953,0.000016908987,0.00026452827,0.000019680549,0.00006223663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049427013,0.000078937635,0.00020266704,0.00013826207,0.000087982575,0.00007227443,0.00003119785,0.00034175836,0.000009897546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003843876,0.0028340474,0.004156278,0.00006777506,0.00049493107,0.00004980678,0.0021238187,0.01554185,0.961971,0.010845424,0.00018629423,0.0013443934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010069656,0.00053389336,0.004047098,0.0003560001,0.0003654156,0.00008006215,0.0021843484,0.0016535918,0.7788276,0.19989918,0.0013440816,0.0006390446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019512918,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.24011e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18905376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040409588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053129763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32189834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072705102","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2014.sf2m.8","title":"Optical Trapping of 60 nm Diameter Particles in Photonic Crystal Slot-Microcavities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Photonic crystal; Materials science; Trap (plumbing); Optoelectronics; Optical tweezers; Nanoparticle; Optics; Photonics; Transmission (telecommunications); Nanotechnology; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007566575967623914,"score_gpt":0.21305594915127737,"score_spread":0.20548937318365346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072705102","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96128273,0.00001567039,0.0060840207,0.00008774388,0.000047974092,0.00008570783,0.000004761989,0.000015235557,0.032376166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99632823,5.969824e-7,0.0031518238,0.000034475677,0.00005983506,0.000011911324,0.0000043205355,0.00001274695,0.00039608276],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992362,0.000025251258,0.0002465423,0.00014395834,0.00010653747,0.00024147343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964964,0.00008287403,0.000043048076,0.0001558686,0.000019388783,0.000049184386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012372002,0.000105625855,0.00018244523,0.00004812391,0.000021089505,0.000025560204,0.00010010535,0.000024871326,0.00039351673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006312014,0.00009352505,0.000082485465,0.00008556094,0.00009436372,0.00009368807,0.000057250865,0.00008638222,0.000023529265],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003737797,0.0008262142,0.04801947,0.00009190372,0.00011963893,0.0000034862248,0.001885753,0.00035734038,0.5830345,0.3423176,0.00023362985,0.023073034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011342209,0.00019692988,0.009918918,0.00006630837,0.000025141318,0.0000011444469,0.0021532518,0.01077947,0.9531814,0.02060664,0.0015513798,0.00038521897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000089887486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012497799,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37014684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012588843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015850108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43087325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073596492","doi":"10.1088/0143-0807/36/2/025011","title":"Exploiting cellophane birefringence to generate radially and azimuthally polarised vector beams","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Birefringence; Cellophane; Optics; Composite material","score_opus":0.025884495836745784,"score_gpt":0.22940785067744832,"score_spread":0.20352335484070253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073596492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9589312,0.00016887067,0.033085115,0.0001679475,0.00047121395,0.00008117256,0.000012133726,0.000013685657,0.007068663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98678863,0.0000032780633,0.010449053,0.000086909335,0.0023881872,4.8265554e-7,0.000002696231,0.00004870955,0.0002320529],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884737,0.00014086707,0.00035592844,0.0001474146,0.00027085826,0.00023758951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891776,0.000023815264,0.000284907,0.00015263945,0.00022189971,0.00039900746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049996655,0.00016834842,0.00021299192,0.000045677127,0.00006721404,0.00012638225,0.00024813015,0.000008413625,0.000014472674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019735087,0.00015523573,0.00008282128,0.00014863795,0.000037251357,0.00024387678,0.00013877072,0.00021043,0.000077864315],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043424012,0.00131242,0.023190154,0.00009915707,0.00097133406,0.0011240238,0.027961548,0.017295767,0.5373476,0.034124468,0.00668694,0.34945232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.021844424,0.012393901,0.029070485,0.0014611911,0.0010966355,0.00032084118,0.015833756,0.004791186,0.798059,0.029187486,0.07977753,0.006163563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006937139,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0837473e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34328875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027936592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007723641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6330329},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073614756","doi":"10.1021/nl203719v","title":"Optical Trapping of a Single Protein","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":500,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Optical tweezers; Bovine serum albumin; Molecule; RADIUS; Molecular physics; Chemistry; SIGNAL (programming language); Optical force; Optical power; Materials science; Chemical physics; Optics; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.020040762704397464,"score_gpt":0.19746268441404494,"score_spread":0.17742192170964746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073614756","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9662274,0.000005509914,0.0048543285,0.00025623146,0.000056318702,0.00012353051,0.0000035764772,0.000014383395,0.028458731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99367684,2.2888e-8,0.0059868624,0.00008978244,0.000070081005,0.0000118714825,0.000002348132,0.000010571659,0.00015160875],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995068,0.00001013229,0.00013226621,0.00010254863,0.00009563132,0.00015262689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999765,0.0000070790925,0.000047673755,0.0001308584,0.000014625316,0.00003480954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004194427,0.00007294435,0.00009659689,0.000030290532,0.000019772373,0.0000073428478,0.00009623576,0.00001586477,0.00031876692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000020567054,0.00006895297,0.00006754709,0.00006783997,0.00006401886,0.000057763144,0.00002908231,0.000044443652,0.000031884545],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005777856,0.00014315681,0.0013440817,0.000009408251,0.000026959893,0.0000018454491,0.00037111464,0.0000011485653,0.98292506,0.013342992,0.00017219731,0.0016562302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024814485,0.00007387915,0.00055936805,0.000032837925,0.000014477893,4.785086e-7,0.0001340021,0.0000070957726,0.9970811,0.000965949,0.0007569,0.00012578211],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029382629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9001446e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028307121,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009528318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000769832,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34902743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2074714918","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.2886","title":"Calibration of Holographic Optical Tweezers for Force Measurements on Biomaterials","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Holography; Flexibility (engineering); Micrometer; Stiffness; Trap (plumbing); Range (aeronautics); Tweezers; Position (finance); Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.027496787471519495,"score_gpt":0.2762908785547764,"score_spread":0.24879409108325692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2074714918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98224235,0.0000039305205,0.015962303,0.00052619865,0.0002742893,0.00018603173,0.000029511155,0.0000121827625,0.0007632126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975768,7.714149e-7,0.0016203896,0.00006471545,0.00066820014,0.0000048035704,0.000015062493,0.0000099875415,0.000039326354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909073,0.000029069102,0.00028840292,0.00012721497,0.00025093343,0.00021367354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951065,0.00003070235,0.00015909856,0.00011147205,0.00008395989,0.000104112056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013938814,0.00012467151,0.00020352849,0.00006591479,0.00008303728,0.0000585068,0.00013294103,0.00003688749,0.000037667516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010213662,0.000099613346,0.00021277623,0.00010037664,0.00005545528,0.000112898,0.000011244073,0.00006010352,0.0000045475467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093222116,0.00041749034,0.00038264174,0.0000049188425,0.00005807518,7.705432e-7,0.000020495252,0.00003501543,0.97225356,0.02344286,0.00027146202,0.0030194847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009350495,0.001300976,0.0024650234,0.000038597613,0.00005853056,0.0000022967824,0.00003600187,0.000423265,0.9744631,0.020038275,0.000071570044,0.00016729864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000010971669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.082999e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015334404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001565333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021551657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40621144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075563265","doi":"10.1364/qim.2012.qw1a.4","title":"The security of quantum key distribution using the orbital angular momentum states of light","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research in Optical Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum key distribution; Quantum entanglement; Quantum cryptography; Angular momentum; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Photon; Quantum mechanics; Key (lock); Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Key distribution; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Photon entanglement; Quantum; Quantum information; Computer science; Computer security; Public-key cryptography","score_opus":0.057969987314640585,"score_gpt":0.37956657970237456,"score_spread":0.32159659238773397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075563265","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99577016,0.00038941918,0.00044320655,0.0010235386,0.00010581035,0.00019902305,0.000033031272,0.0000027937037,0.0020330227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99974746,0.000014532578,0.00010552504,0.0000010776898,0.00009585334,0.000009157794,0.000004810628,0.0000036303682,0.000017984696],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977603,0.00022956751,0.00028879393,0.00013937261,0.00092536164,0.0006566178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998809,0.00068208895,0.000072258386,0.00020079403,0.00013870317,0.00009717139],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0041988427,0.00007896589,0.0001281415,0.000045377285,0.0003828832,0.00007895499,0.00049430365,0.00002519342,0.00003775623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010779711,0.00004083272,0.000059052898,0.0008251163,0.0018339982,0.00023181878,0.00030956257,0.00025148413,0.0000047838657],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016328217,0.0003628181,0.048439346,0.000020878144,0.000018449271,6.5798315e-7,0.0010572181,0.00015496802,0.0048459307,0.944484,0.00011287517,0.00048650923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006976877,0.001000766,0.020710606,0.00026612368,0.000037441594,0.0000052920236,0.05729519,0.14194682,0.253118,0.51923335,0.005162459,0.00052624266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000389616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003032681,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42525068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053694534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000087098895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6757443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075895714","doi":"10.1364/ol.38.002557","title":"Spectral coherence anomalies","year":2013,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Optics; Physics; Degree of coherence; Coherence theory; Spatial coherence; Coherence time; Phase (matter); Coherence length; Laser; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.007197689003000111,"score_gpt":0.20241785151138275,"score_spread":0.19522016250838264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075895714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9170434,0.0006571786,0.0035257235,0.050144102,0.0024886795,0.00048005133,0.000067799905,0.000044675624,0.025548426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91653997,0.0000307662,0.029110663,0.002410799,0.0024051329,0.00007129641,0.00006507238,0.00008588449,0.049280412],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983205,0.000048069043,0.00031560066,0.0003369999,0.00024082269,0.0007379855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991277,0.00006555111,0.0001247499,0.00041228248,0.000066901484,0.00020281777],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000067473,0.0003273759,0.00025793372,0.00005015657,0.00012833772,0.00039598995,0.00031216393,0.00007848377,0.0035718433],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059291747,0.00036124032,0.00017369076,0.00015832033,0.00038376029,0.0004274218,0.00014257236,0.0003486055,0.008736581],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000142412755,0.0011896733,0.068795554,0.00034067102,0.00094594446,0.00012935449,0.0025747165,0.0034705554,0.18060312,0.4942582,0.22057022,0.027107764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0068207346,0.0019490127,0.08266222,0.0016416195,0.0016604478,0.00014170822,0.0096581215,0.05952228,0.101996005,0.09246198,0.63073206,0.0107537955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036434166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029117919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41016188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100078505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050951126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076374205","doi":"10.1039/c3lc00003f","title":"Double nanohole optical trapping: dynamics and protein-antibody co-trapping","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lab on a Chip","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Optical tweezers; Bovine serum albumin; Nanoparticle; Microfluidics; Chemical physics; Nanoscopic scale; Materials science; Polystyrene; Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Molecular physics; SPHERES; Dynamics (music); Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Optics; Physics; Polymer","score_opus":0.00950237568341664,"score_gpt":0.2533551523391146,"score_spread":0.24385277665569796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076374205","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8850414,0.000017223967,0.0008952816,0.000789347,0.0000669688,0.0005251213,0.000014399073,0.000050307877,0.112599954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943503,8.8758077e-7,0.00064714585,0.00008368528,0.00015674709,0.000074072,0.00006703813,0.00002929515,0.0045908075],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900055,0.000017643975,0.0001917446,0.00027621436,0.00017499013,0.00033883925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950886,0.000024969077,0.00005931144,0.00023784174,0.000034205048,0.00013478783],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007882091,0.00019136089,0.00019025449,0.000050873405,0.00012128581,0.00018187251,0.00013256857,0.00005350603,0.00035693365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030417739,0.00017240916,0.000062537954,0.000103508784,0.00008842243,0.00013421729,0.000055044326,0.00022301878,0.00029561378],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038236492,0.000503457,0.011674913,0.00007130568,0.00013847307,0.000005864817,0.0004277999,0.00002486142,0.057386596,0.9207185,0.0005484093,0.008461568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02462679,0.0033065635,0.082462676,0.0016406291,0.0003828234,0.00004638362,0.007620329,0.07007181,0.6127362,0.14055324,0.04941652,0.007136007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000078721474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019114398,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78016526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025870895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023440905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70306414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076417621","doi":"10.1039/c4nr07300b","title":"Playing the notes of DNA with light: extremely high frequency nanomechanical oscillations","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Laser; DNA; Optoelectronics; Optics; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.02028244979228109,"score_gpt":0.22926015341473466,"score_spread":0.20897770362245358,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076417621","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9791313,0.000067979105,0.0040972517,0.0009841713,0.00019895198,0.00017902446,0.000038939495,0.000024822937,0.0152775515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961854,4.1339655e-7,0.0031807944,0.000021689022,0.0001589836,0.000014916634,0.000011912994,0.000015990076,0.0004099035],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992162,0.000027668733,0.00018233559,0.00015004119,0.00024585958,0.00017791336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993781,0.00006819535,0.00009711372,0.00027422677,0.00010546111,0.00007693084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000104161976,0.00011199434,0.00014171592,0.00002822879,0.00011724424,0.00002566686,0.00017601518,0.000033168537,0.00012639567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013884233,0.00007010171,0.00005296841,0.00018197604,0.000065329725,0.00009205537,0.00006153459,0.0000981864,0.000041123378],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006705332,0.0007415645,0.27502373,0.000030460025,0.00026583148,0.0000074010063,0.0028953797,0.00029729257,0.20934376,0.5054929,0.0014575671,0.004377015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006386208,0.0019110016,0.04308629,0.0003500081,0.0005522478,0.000020537913,0.0048700552,0.0021765789,0.7357675,0.18930915,0.013484585,0.0020858522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020952619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017327895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52642375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021346013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073194664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2858665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077093256","doi":"10.1126/science.1260635","title":"Observation of optical polarization Möbius strips","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":475,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Möbius strip; STRIPS; Optics; Twist; Polarization (electrochemistry); Wavefront; Laser beams; Physics; Laser; Geometry; Materials science; Topology (electrical circuits); Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Combinatorics; Composite material","score_opus":0.031418647579252224,"score_gpt":0.26617013090708597,"score_spread":0.23475148332783374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077093256","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97939664,0.000007936337,0.010862872,0.00008005536,0.00016338158,0.000048705406,0.000003868483,0.000007859234,0.009428678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938158,5.6323035e-8,0.0057491343,0.000009577163,0.00004667955,0.0000011073802,0.0000050315293,0.0000021657684,0.0003704627],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943715,0.0000066292987,0.000090854584,0.00009610393,0.00026534725,0.00010389796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996151,0.000009295996,0.000042263655,0.00011282226,0.00015415606,0.000066386936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028503887,0.00003466412,0.000043797685,0.000032842356,0.000044731445,0.000026243419,0.00014390476,0.000008409983,0.000020574906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004327543,0.000031456533,0.000012845469,0.00036925034,0.00016617464,0.00027064054,0.000052062715,0.00003969456,0.000019789775],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000053712793,0.0001508214,0.34401295,0.000005303126,0.0000051657703,3.2835024e-7,0.00065529725,0.0004094168,0.15489608,0.48976395,0.00009902521,0.0099962875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010161976,0.00036627235,0.3396216,0.000037117432,0.000029647043,0.0000013705666,0.0029454192,0.024848986,0.54958045,0.07770595,0.00341088,0.0004361279],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021699185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4944026e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.412058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022515247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014955139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12827602},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078086163","doi":"10.1139/p06-013","title":"Propagation of laser beams formed by unstable resonators with different magnifications","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Islamic Azad University; Macquarie University","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Resonator; Beam (structure); Superposition principle; Flatness (cosmology); Beam diameter; Axial symmetry; Laser; Laser beam quality; Optical axis; Gaussian beam; Laser beams","score_opus":0.0045269926005356885,"score_gpt":0.1795678603891525,"score_spread":0.17504086778861683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078086163","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97633326,0.000061377454,0.019239055,0.0001901224,0.00008366033,0.00012329289,0.00016896227,0.0000024583278,0.0037978233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99862665,4.6695226e-7,0.00041565654,0.0000083764,0.00018512628,0.0000031093873,0.000060393948,0.0000148941945,0.0006853395],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936336,0.000013283121,0.00023486558,0.0000655377,0.00014721278,0.00017571251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992532,0.000014960193,0.0002654963,0.000111696994,0.00019955558,0.00015505718],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043201355,0.00009433429,0.00014298651,0.00004958576,0.0000714219,0.000030695253,0.0001127842,0.000017247092,0.000065793385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018424048,0.00007543583,0.000060889623,0.00014414564,0.000075211035,0.0001596836,0.0000042081933,0.00011049834,0.0000023744683],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006119128,0.0010696154,0.32796237,0.00014557337,0.00047183305,0.00001697587,0.0011978785,0.006320153,0.010106546,0.59010255,0.045700736,0.01684459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004686409,0.0014416274,0.0416087,0.0005019258,0.0006382898,0.000018206425,0.0031753834,0.0009507524,0.6545012,0.24050334,0.050580937,0.0013932623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023734318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006977178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64439464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007501985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034763725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35879347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079441152","doi":"10.1039/c4an02213k","title":"Label-free free-solution nanoaperture optical tweezers for single molecule protein studies","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Analyst","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Tweezers; Nanotechnology; Magnetic tweezers; Materials science; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.0941110679451122,"score_gpt":0.35083905642518254,"score_spread":0.25672798848007033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079441152","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000019726853,0.99162954,0.0012127702,0.00046964182,0.00016707886,0.001528651,0.00029385684,0.000037251204,0.004641505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007027439,0.9316596,0.016847586,0.00021703706,0.0072051673,0.0044644084,0.0023826093,0.00061828323,0.035902563],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99832743,0.00011322581,0.00046628053,0.00037050573,0.0003277673,0.00039479032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980712,0.00014260458,0.00031607758,0.0011385398,0.00023785133,0.00009372556],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041239537,0.00043746168,0.0012095899,0.00007394237,0.00018982592,0.00008443262,0.00096987025,0.0001247397,0.0000256235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010888214,0.00026560394,0.00059013464,0.00032050055,0.00017488617,0.000068456924,0.000533964,0.00030089455,0.00006849985],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004861731,0.0012778476,0.0000034245256,0.012767225,0.012833822,0.000017362887,0.0005507468,0.000017219727,0.000426057,0.10303571,0.10923845,0.7597835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040847855,0.00015900418,3.0901038e-8,0.0015887916,0.002973892,0.0000023379937,0.00023668796,0.00005497718,0.00008010582,0.009707271,0.98438567,0.00040277446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021901935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008387056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8751472,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017178393,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014734511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079493706","doi":"10.1117/12.795369","title":"Optical tweezing using adaptive optics technology","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Flex (Canada); University of Victoria","funders":"British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Adaptive optics; Deformable mirror; Computer science; Sorting; Spatial light modulator; Optics; Tracking (education); Physics","score_opus":0.015095900718302939,"score_gpt":0.22971785955667903,"score_spread":0.2146219588383761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079493706","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99180204,0.00006496185,0.0004308525,0.0008781918,0.00024163479,0.0004557284,0.000050052367,0.000088540204,0.005987973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7198571,0.000014926158,0.27919525,0.000028587216,0.0005709838,0.00006444516,0.0000061402084,0.00006949554,0.00019311435],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99760514,1.150414e-8,0.0007329388,0.00043518806,0.0006651367,0.0005615784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99773276,0.00010787901,0.00039888284,0.00008263192,0.001533529,0.00014432223],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003072136,0.0003916901,0.00050957064,0.00016182668,0.00017876642,0.00007007244,0.00093581737,0.00020756303,0.00002249611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015850549,0.0003501479,0.000664519,0.00050848,0.0005664291,0.00048776602,0.0003546004,0.0004966382,0.0000036462902],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037046655,0.00016797976,0.0018311011,0.00008505322,0.00047044596,2.585516e-7,0.00012628469,0.0002621377,0.30849394,0.6880042,0.000340438,0.00018110976],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033747766,0.0011482002,0.0012065512,0.0007619301,0.0007352896,0.00013019367,0.008583434,0.1926344,0.7619916,0.025219094,0.002521426,0.0016930549],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001149034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1973325e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6627851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016054408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064580905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080591076","doi":"10.1119/1.1445403","title":"Faster, cheaper, safer optical tweezers for the undergraduate laboratory","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"SAFER; Optical tweezers; Physics; Trap (plumbing); Set (abstract data type); Tweezers; Optics; Nanotechnology; Computer science","score_opus":0.011107021927565124,"score_gpt":0.23450477713122858,"score_spread":0.22339775520366345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080591076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62826836,0.0009288099,0.34439197,0.014537816,0.0018703421,0.00066467904,0.00017203258,0.000041437757,0.009124571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952576,0.000020498854,0.0028868704,0.0002669594,0.0012152657,0.000006208009,0.0000016802613,0.000029791057,0.00031512682],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990688,0.00003247828,0.0002912974,0.00010552812,0.00024467462,0.00025725368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989417,0.000202145,0.00034271792,0.0002006987,0.0002029279,0.00010978264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012863964,0.00015186667,0.00026452777,0.000022494653,0.000108839195,0.000054380052,0.00026948936,0.000011829075,0.000069159716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009837472,0.00010474819,0.00023624065,0.00022627646,0.00030462534,0.00015668184,0.000036553753,0.00023917669,0.000024692234],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010180565,0.0011099377,0.005716249,0.000023363373,0.0011325475,0.000009538169,0.0016595894,0.0017975596,0.0058053066,0.12097028,0.01761778,0.84405607],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014435932,0.011971845,0.005557438,0.00043272844,0.0036234416,0.00007921659,0.03865653,0.041276265,0.051746633,0.16572341,0.6621311,0.0043654726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000064736537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7149691e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83969057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032768512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038936225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42715073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080818902","doi":"10.1117/12.431239","title":"<title>Optical manipulation of liquid crystals using a two-beam technique</title>","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Liquid crystal; Birefringence; Physics; Light beam; Optics; Angular momentum; Beam (structure); Excitation; Polarization (electrochemistry); Condensed matter physics; Dielectric; Circular polarization; Molecular physics; Classical mechanics; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.013018081002781156,"score_gpt":0.24158048509133276,"score_spread":0.2285624040885516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080818902","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9516492,0.00004418263,0.00064719573,0.00019961334,0.00014706438,0.00030205684,0.000025227053,0.000039039576,0.046946455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9222922,0.000014305494,0.07629771,0.000017761262,0.0005196699,0.000045194745,0.000011631842,0.00005187338,0.0007496686],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875826,1.544745e-8,0.00041314674,0.00019730146,0.00038922144,0.00024208274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906725,0.000038366186,0.00021657154,0.00005025068,0.00055988587,0.0000676594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024669993,0.00018321899,0.00024478516,0.00007055959,0.000037805923,0.00004016311,0.00034387427,0.00009239929,0.00019300343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058370093,0.0001645099,0.00034645444,0.00019475077,0.000120225406,0.00019555837,0.00011087277,0.00015891294,0.000008772394],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002140849,0.00007469951,0.00014169746,0.00008697811,0.00012444354,6.192905e-8,0.00002696632,0.00006578311,0.5101831,0.48815757,0.00094062934,0.00017665279],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018088273,0.0007781947,0.00044094058,0.0009063367,0.0005294532,0.00004117755,0.0006956917,0.070272334,0.86256635,0.017054653,0.043754242,0.0011517714],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000040581363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.6144146e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47110292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000847528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026189195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6708519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081660457","doi":"10.1117/12.2062387","title":"Temporal response of biological cells to high-frequency optical jumping and vibrating tweezers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Jumping; Viscoelasticity; Optical tweezers; Dissipation; Optical force; Materials science; Biophysics; Optics; Biological system; Mechanics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.00981905248552323,"score_gpt":0.22171066242977258,"score_spread":0.21189160994424935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081660457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965139,0.000017781666,0.00038611089,0.001300062,0.00016303027,0.00040071254,0.000050658993,0.000038160804,0.0011295617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8223625,0.00000326704,0.17716554,0.00004750616,0.00028294,0.000047884623,0.000005418104,0.000033336084,0.000051608895],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807435,5.942266e-8,0.0007000811,0.00038515084,0.00045974113,0.0003805951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983732,0.00030735895,0.00032815707,0.00006403729,0.0007527042,0.00017453854],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008922686,0.00029446895,0.000461733,0.00009474893,0.00007626999,0.000086249,0.0005964316,0.00013047297,0.00001733749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004151189,0.00024218517,0.00037892794,0.0002548213,0.00028071066,0.0002923402,0.00028207825,0.00025578702,0.0000016726431],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009321413,0.00007558032,0.0030970047,0.000111901296,0.00014497065,2.9843424e-8,0.00012634069,0.000054507836,0.59814,0.3977987,0.00017191363,0.00018585917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015381324,0.0013160128,0.0062201754,0.0004817226,0.00015866567,0.000005149589,0.0023376937,0.01192378,0.96593356,0.0088041155,0.0006093524,0.00067162205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023537217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.5220027e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38899457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000631949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002610426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9876024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082217144","doi":"10.1364/oe.21.016130","title":"Integrated multi vector vortex beam generator","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Optical vortex; Orbital angular momentum of light; Polarization (electrochemistry); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum of light; Light beam; Transverse plane; Vortex","score_opus":0.011467179252448653,"score_gpt":0.22432280427720316,"score_spread":0.21285562502475452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082217144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97315896,0.0000660377,0.01566947,0.000093972405,0.0005884531,0.00040434898,0.00008968934,0.00008799574,0.009841088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9608418,0.0000019676052,0.0310846,0.000058981746,0.0004172446,0.00011767982,0.000092096576,0.000048425307,0.0073372256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893457,0.000022273412,0.0002444086,0.0002687143,0.00017300018,0.00035705033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991572,0.000030287854,0.00008001766,0.0003955823,0.00017139492,0.00016551785],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000046508496,0.0002231387,0.00019479585,0.000041966417,0.0000955825,0.00018842453,0.000272695,0.0000575529,0.0018656029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000088297575,0.00019862788,0.00009685423,0.0001183644,0.000066351146,0.00020966813,0.00012679366,0.0001949222,0.00095313054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017558983,0.0020729653,0.024220327,0.00006845818,0.0005912179,0.000016411495,0.0015432015,0.0012553005,0.8535922,0.0776713,0.025606992,0.013344037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004503121,0.00039728184,0.00857352,0.00017816748,0.0002431949,0.000006103541,0.003837389,0.13461107,0.7594672,0.00920189,0.075715706,0.003265372],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022023862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010547005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13335577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027505685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003546492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082905254","doi":"10.3791/4424","title":"Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Trapping; Optical tweezers; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biophysics; Biology; Optics; Physics; Ecology","score_opus":0.02115480181597779,"score_gpt":0.37567500593211994,"score_spread":0.35452020411614216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082905254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994782,0.000171532,0.001401691,0.00007469101,0.00018454794,0.00009087763,0.0000012427084,0.0000039696984,0.003289491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945494,0.0000023385107,0.005141224,0.000021632473,0.00013978808,0.00000505277,7.467634e-7,0.000012420438,0.00012741653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989143,0.000032852608,0.00053407473,0.000068679336,0.00027830125,0.00017179761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992776,0.000033677636,0.0003254732,0.000101047124,0.00014930834,0.000112883565],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011665144,0.00010034798,0.00025969782,0.00006613379,0.000028770395,0.000034607056,0.00015178477,0.000022402806,0.0012354464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009041534,0.00008100586,0.00015577169,0.00008504103,0.000057726375,0.0002512431,0.000043106338,0.00008617188,0.000036701706],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025955407,0.0005639575,0.0031421278,0.0000077257655,0.0001643969,0.0000022083902,0.00070666615,0.000010167539,0.9848994,0.007381189,0.00065809354,0.0024381161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011219564,0.00021323698,0.00091907807,0.00005013451,0.00002479372,0.0000039369124,0.0015028247,0.00012475361,0.99326366,0.0023262613,0.00035633464,0.00009300453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016164207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7434589e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008364289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018297902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003055398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084287556","doi":"10.1364/oe.21.012174","title":"Three-dimensional light-scattering and deformation of individual biconcave human blood cells in optical tweezers","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Genia Photonics (Canada)","funders":"University of California, San Diego; National Science Council","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Hyperelastic material; Viscoelasticity; Optics; Scattering; Optical force; Deformation (meteorology); Light scattering; Finite element method; Materials science; Geometrical optics; Tweezers; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.009141063147494426,"score_gpt":0.21479956473495043,"score_spread":0.205658501587456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084287556","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99691653,0.000015816271,0.00032949404,0.00005591201,0.00006887898,0.00021832575,0.000019464576,0.000009995077,0.0023656094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924007,4.922793e-7,0.0074028587,0.000015061512,0.00007092873,0.000025658128,0.00003031314,0.00001663719,0.000037352656],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990496,0.000008782063,0.00031811444,0.00016936866,0.00022148927,0.00023264113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995599,0.00003096438,0.0001020911,0.00017329415,0.000051949704,0.00008182717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009484462,0.00014495273,0.00018664781,0.00008497838,0.000052251376,0.000076946606,0.00014769004,0.00005352593,0.00012236791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015513407,0.00013906926,0.000042577994,0.00006954651,0.00008265192,0.00025046992,0.00022326173,0.00014618965,0.000019771258],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009836696,0.0008372835,0.055635747,0.00014166169,0.00022117974,0.000005976751,0.0025057723,0.0015523391,0.8859801,0.050472017,0.00030865992,0.0023293719],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028531603,0.0003415422,0.038350426,0.00024488984,0.00017155719,0.000005686328,0.0015075105,0.010473305,0.92726755,0.017875744,0.00008782399,0.00082078914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093265466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024835324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04128741,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009815896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000126917075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.567108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085556634","doi":"10.1364/josaa.29.002542","title":"Interdependence between the temporal and spatial longitudinal and transverse degrees of partial coherence and a generalization of the van Cittert–Zernike theorem","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Particle Physics","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Generalization; Mutual coherence; Physics; Planar; Boundary (topology); Coherence theory; Transverse plane; Mathematical analysis; Coherence time; Zernike polynomials; Boundary value problem; Coherence length; Mathematics; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Computer science","score_opus":0.013642926700771316,"score_gpt":0.2418023223086609,"score_spread":0.22815939560788956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085556634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98148954,0.00014296516,0.017240008,0.0008871125,0.000055732442,0.000095092706,0.000014920027,8.10659e-7,0.00007384406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99752164,0.000025201985,0.002271126,0.000018597331,0.00014121522,7.66169e-7,3.8620402e-7,0.0000054757743,0.000015569023],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916834,0.0000772279,0.00031453816,0.00006514899,0.00025244197,0.0001223157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919134,0.000119611315,0.00044491855,0.00011434601,0.00007257753,0.00005721753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026202304,0.00009329623,0.00023328027,0.0000068977133,0.00007490971,0.000015007986,0.00018816105,0.000028881903,0.00002992183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014653942,0.000045166616,0.00017863246,0.00007587051,0.0009293311,0.00010021205,0.00014280573,0.00017307063,8.232457e-8],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000490412,0.0001289468,0.9781272,0.00004469327,0.00028409448,7.8458974e-8,0.003955541,0.00009880879,0.0055268924,0.0009312302,0.000106417196,0.010747069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00139574,0.00078693003,0.9521736,0.00030516353,0.0008704842,0.00002312653,0.0059253327,0.006707303,0.027827015,0.003406612,0.00032257158,0.00025612296],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013967113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011800571,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02595359,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000080013815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024340483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34241593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2086001983","doi":"10.1109/aps.2012.6348780","title":"Bessel beam scattering by a conducting sphere","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel beam; Scattering; Bessel function; Optics; Beam (structure); Conical surface; Physics; Perpendicular; Plane (geometry); Codes for electromagnetic scattering by spheres; Light scattering; Mie scattering; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.019862126558787194,"score_gpt":0.24741982325659587,"score_spread":0.22755769669780868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2086001983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9039258,0.00009113333,0.0018742231,0.00010156068,0.00021450943,0.000059417118,0.00000875306,0.000035707148,0.09368893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916017,2.1768518e-7,0.001409156,0.000059442475,0.00039896189,0.000007833961,0.000017088561,0.000015687854,0.006489901],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945635,0.0000059732506,0.00010012897,0.00008851018,0.00007454538,0.00027448867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973786,0.000014194748,0.00003285326,0.000119176744,0.000013038347,0.0000828655],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005947833,0.000088473855,0.00007917686,0.000008374797,0.000072059,0.000033517037,0.00007329993,0.000015065293,0.0017672427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000012392293,0.00008027804,0.00003984018,0.00004833518,0.000024831284,0.00023156058,0.00006812998,0.000073697796,0.00023284444],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038462777,0.00072187925,0.55906177,0.000045182554,0.00020815052,6.3823796e-7,0.0013742986,0.000019587014,0.3150252,0.045624793,0.056289982,0.021624664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009073886,0.00006522091,0.0015843379,0.00004786498,0.00007969165,0.0000059463055,0.011603427,0.00020107307,0.85583544,0.002361905,0.12621479,0.0010929077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009816407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1001525e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5574774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011071399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000055655896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99914527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088131389","doi":"10.1021/nl201807z","title":"Optical Trapping of 12 nm Dielectric Spheres Using Double-Nanoholes in a Gold Film","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":275,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Optical tweezers; Materials science; SPHERES; Dielectric; Polystyrene; Refractive index; Tweezers; Particle (ecology); Optics; Nanotechnology; Molecular physics; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.030859718007598572,"score_gpt":0.23334404268144862,"score_spread":0.20248432467385005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088131389","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861461,0.00005070816,0.0015555342,0.00007078095,0.000098406614,0.00013724684,0.0000050832973,0.000012505563,0.011923657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99672383,8.6296797e-7,0.0029778339,0.00010162624,0.00008425248,0.000007930439,0.000004667284,0.00001932648,0.00007968031],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990793,0.000019920095,0.00026108677,0.00018717964,0.00014011911,0.00031240087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996568,0.000025063819,0.000083993575,0.00017228637,0.000015270323,0.00004658207],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000689459,0.000140706,0.00020208316,0.000097283795,0.000023390214,0.000016664013,0.00015969259,0.000038109087,0.00029728826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016993906,0.00013741678,0.0000973929,0.00022013583,0.000072483774,0.00011679238,0.000049486156,0.00011361695,0.000010762942],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009303561,0.0003987501,0.09259131,0.000052305797,0.00013444545,0.00001983507,0.0012851884,0.00037976215,0.88618845,0.014460623,0.00049653143,0.0038997936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043292237,0.00023063156,0.018670106,0.00033578378,0.0001753997,0.000006755274,0.0015865699,0.002322858,0.9689896,0.001405615,0.0008726179,0.0010748485],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060424244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016649097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08280117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032718395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024325125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5603693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2088198270","doi":"10.1117/12.807162","title":"First experimental demonstration of a Fresnel axicon","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Bessel beam; Fresnel diffraction; Optical tweezers; Optical coherence tomography; Diffraction; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Bessel function; Physics; Computer science; Laser beams; Laser","score_opus":0.011058001506389773,"score_gpt":0.22058943035866174,"score_spread":0.20953142885227197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2088198270","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99320513,0.00007287895,0.00006836335,0.0004852257,0.00016060052,0.00037386248,0.000060677165,0.000032884647,0.0055403872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9618559,0.00001275474,0.037453055,0.000017053351,0.00033218,0.00008544824,0.00001088046,0.000037452748,0.00019531032],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983011,8.105235e-9,0.0006098553,0.0002666789,0.00054339744,0.00027899208],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99859774,0.000069507856,0.00038506906,0.000052031384,0.00080684194,0.000088814595],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001997051,0.00025121216,0.00033780633,0.000066073924,0.00009903008,0.00003792956,0.0005600844,0.000097089694,0.000044884167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052573505,0.00022263518,0.00057469483,0.00019711732,0.0002963192,0.00042896037,0.00013690881,0.00019390337,0.0000018342831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004146554,0.00028883046,0.004554233,0.0001430638,0.00030180602,5.3993418e-8,0.00037625554,0.00010267831,0.4716591,0.5214226,0.0010639693,0.000045912333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013849093,0.00045603808,0.0022768357,0.00023208169,0.00011337505,0.000011767916,0.0031681731,0.016160108,0.97286105,0.0019234567,0.0010182336,0.00039394316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027676413,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.828523e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5194992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008034481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034187273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9078799},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090348545","doi":"10.1364/oe.23.010553","title":"Design of a family of ring-core fibers for OAM transmission studies","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":170,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fiber; Materials science; Modal; Fabrication; Optical fiber; Transmission (telecommunications); Core (optical fiber); Optics; Photonic-crystal fiber; Ring (chemistry); Computer science; Telecommunications; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.09446097621003668,"score_gpt":0.3151383049941988,"score_spread":0.22067732878416213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090348545","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42062533,0.00095033087,0.5730104,0.000045115357,0.00027679777,0.0007228957,0.00008711138,0.000021725444,0.0042602927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85235935,0.000013623088,0.14690296,0.000005611896,0.000070935654,0.00004028345,0.000010753124,0.000022553273,0.00057390117],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992628,0.000016139515,0.00025803482,0.00013326059,0.00017225016,0.00015752381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924254,0.000116717194,0.00013358878,0.00019182096,0.0002460858,0.000069255235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016609018,0.0001189656,0.00025682963,0.000036168145,0.000026481128,0.000007146143,0.00015112804,0.000030337784,0.0000051565567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012697741,0.00010433108,0.00008278708,0.000063847205,0.000083544495,0.0000634439,0.000049000824,0.000048328027,0.0000013731553],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013528278,0.0021344891,0.002370368,0.0015775058,0.0018820382,0.0000056107133,0.03715105,0.10822337,0.70249534,0.10509131,0.01073613,0.026979938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006366234,0.0020470733,0.000101513906,0.00074566994,0.00049692224,9.723982e-7,0.023055747,0.07094922,0.7949433,0.09449456,0.0058742044,0.000924588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008921623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.439109e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43173403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013400733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045884135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42544976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090393159","doi":"10.1364/ota.2015.otm3e.5","title":"Single Molecule Protein Sizing in Double Nano-hole Optical Tweezers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics in the Life Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Citation; Optical tweezers; Sizing; Computer science; Nano-; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Physics; Optics; World Wide Web; Materials science; Art; Visual arts; Composite material","score_opus":0.049346063580976464,"score_gpt":0.28604693875700915,"score_spread":0.2367008751760327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090393159","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8708714,0.00009385006,0.00024079488,0.0012151301,0.0001612966,0.00028787876,0.0000021769238,0.000012558196,0.1271149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99202794,6.0310657e-7,0.0073352745,0.00011252485,0.00013653762,0.00003611349,0.0000022709046,0.000009406017,0.00033930835],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984686,0.00006245327,0.00026384523,0.00027224608,0.00050481776,0.00042808065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994788,0.00007050662,0.00006936542,0.00023446,0.000037968508,0.00010890717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012112841,0.00013860152,0.00015320475,0.00009932593,0.00010786672,0.00018321788,0.0006638766,0.000036197576,0.000019591636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006217542,0.00010062766,0.00004335509,0.0006924073,0.00039301207,0.0002416503,0.00016270095,0.00020486613,0.00005032978],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005439229,0.0014715453,0.021504791,0.0000239903,0.000024867959,0.00003073771,0.007285587,0.020086266,0.020132013,0.92757624,0.00037207137,0.0014375141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011663856,0.0034268063,0.0018057353,0.0007729337,0.0001148783,0.000017830012,0.14303009,0.076759465,0.3474985,0.40092817,0.010356186,0.0036255266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013789746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001574235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52664804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039778133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001697837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41034767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097458127","doi":"10.1109/cleo.2000.907246","title":"Numerical propagation of partially coherent beams","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National d'Optique","funders":"","keywords":"Transverse plane; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Beam (structure); Axial symmetry; Physics; Perpendicular; Optics; Wave propagation; Plane (geometry); Mathematics; Geometry; Engineering; Quantum mechanics; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.006793189030344617,"score_gpt":0.22369015064585765,"score_spread":0.21689696161551303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097458127","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74257475,0.00000837009,0.012609224,0.00016536888,0.00005311256,0.00017694046,0.0000059468775,0.00002578496,0.24438053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99390876,3.0567062e-7,0.0009373319,0.000014512451,0.000075660675,0.000009018407,0.000013852316,0.0000054664583,0.005035075],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996009,0.000009566385,0.0001288794,0.000075066775,0.000096428965,0.000089164256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982184,0.0000066699918,0.000027064205,0.000093429466,0.000020062336,0.000030915806],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000026078544,0.000051386218,0.00007335062,0.00000748334,0.000017026605,0.0000087271565,0.000050346585,0.000010129051,0.012656752],"category_scores_gemma":[5.269388e-7,0.000041567553,0.00004075358,0.00005229501,0.000020841188,0.000044483873,0.0000076029,0.000032515345,0.00020816353],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076219585,0.0020914392,0.09200137,0.000045310462,0.00020807025,0.0000020536033,0.0006926254,0.006503684,0.008021864,0.24624881,0.0040542097,0.64005435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033332151,0.001396666,0.04353304,0.00009932878,0.00017357226,0.0000030716512,0.0007555688,0.060845636,0.74647146,0.0491262,0.09283768,0.0014245412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007296859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3025236e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73844963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005292656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013843919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9882458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098079304","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/15/9/093026","title":"Quantum simulation of a spin polarization device in an electron microscope","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Pauli exclusion principle; Angular momentum; Spin polarization; Electron; Spin (aerodynamics); Polarization (electrochemistry); Cathode ray; Diffraction; Beam (structure); Optics; Quantum mechanics; Computational physics","score_opus":0.012327032920848247,"score_gpt":0.28247884117904587,"score_spread":0.2701518082581976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098079304","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96712226,0.000042430445,0.032462567,0.000052167907,0.00007802421,0.00009801046,0.0000021638373,0.0000024064361,0.00013997672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99804753,0.0000010292414,0.0014687589,0.000019126825,0.0003924945,5.7370045e-7,0.000009029191,0.00001407894,0.000047365615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992169,0.000036011126,0.00037175554,0.0000710986,0.00016582485,0.00013840235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920535,0.000026356089,0.00039636108,0.0001019245,0.0002053435,0.000064663254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007995638,0.00009204645,0.00017951275,0.00005559634,0.000019118572,0.000036959165,0.0001235497,0.000025811338,0.000062175895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053596823,0.00008707527,0.00006630779,0.00019790206,0.000015198849,0.0006414452,0.000017071407,0.00016057196,0.000010923941],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044454126,0.00076667505,0.10748174,0.000031268315,0.00006529828,9.837439e-7,0.0010486373,0.06972948,0.7692537,0.01909914,0.0001315837,0.032347087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038927356,0.0020206822,0.08810878,0.00033974115,0.0001448608,0.0000029155453,0.000930109,0.14774135,0.56402427,0.19163328,0.00051577203,0.000645525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020263075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003476863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2052294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033565433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000104536106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35508263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100811462","doi":"10.1364/josaa.26.002558","title":"Gaussian beam scattering from a dielectric cylinder, including the evanescent region","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Gaussian beam; Scattering; Cylinder; Angular spectrum method; Cylindrical coordinate system; Evanescent wave; Dielectric; Near and far field; Plane wave; Bessel beam; Cartesian coordinate system; Beam (structure); Field (mathematics); Computational physics; Diffraction; Geometry; Mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013947032413571137,"score_gpt":0.2482248274702821,"score_spread":0.23427779505671095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100811462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9014733,0.00056723284,0.027675914,0.06570182,0.00040896647,0.00025315542,0.0000068337267,0.0000126129235,0.0039001876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922926,0.000037795948,0.0062615764,0.0008427004,0.0004884704,7.6538385e-7,5.57655e-7,0.000010029125,0.000065508],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.998856,0.00003770738,0.0003899089,0.00010126433,0.00038749923,0.00022760784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989456,0.000121545214,0.0004893588,0.0002903294,0.00007501204,0.00007816694],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015683236,0.00012988014,0.00026058083,0.000014126044,0.00017278815,0.00004380007,0.0005846631,0.000045168712,0.000029672807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023575154,0.000070782015,0.0006125615,0.00025334387,0.000184648,0.00009018134,0.00015726133,0.0005780629,0.0000025838174],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00070755923,0.006518826,0.035032146,0.00012849376,0.004879935,0.00003219643,0.027444495,0.0070254845,0.28818545,0.011298193,0.0895189,0.5292283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0145311495,0.007683732,0.23633315,0.0035771558,0.004482901,0.00037868568,0.053788725,0.070672974,0.22557107,0.31201658,0.06709327,0.0038706253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003653773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.5468245e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5253577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007196868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000493419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28864068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102929305","doi":"10.1088/0031-8949/90/7/074030","title":"Classical polarization multipoles: paraxial versus nonparaxial","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica Scripta","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Vetenskapsrådet; Wenner-Gren Foundation; Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education; Banco Santander","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Classical mechanics; Quantum electrodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.03888935069981023,"score_gpt":0.2750358997412296,"score_spread":0.23614654904141938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102929305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84422094,0.00008604227,0.015883075,0.0018738135,0.0101105785,0.0008312927,0.00020512188,0.00034599434,0.12644313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938178,2.0764558e-7,0.000981936,0.000046424426,0.002223192,0.000026629597,0.0001377098,0.000033022745,0.0027330753],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987559,0.00004716298,0.0002004769,0.00029828554,0.00034960083,0.00034861523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992304,0.000019439418,0.00008723323,0.0003258301,0.000102015205,0.00023510863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070900365,0.000207158,0.00020670284,0.00003867957,0.00009275149,0.00009456433,0.00023670481,0.000043027776,0.00009138331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018288018,0.00020254933,0.00012544995,0.00018627888,0.000113232934,0.00029760858,0.00012481862,0.00019272642,0.0007401459],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012325557,0.0035426675,0.026325127,0.000030317198,0.0006181633,0.000015284433,0.0031825618,0.00035760016,0.02695883,0.7327119,0.17462614,0.030398834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03082051,0.0024254778,0.010184077,0.00010398632,0.0006667968,0.0000037973782,0.0059719435,0.08785753,0.03929383,0.08026309,0.7385151,0.003893854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013811523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028114682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65244883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059505666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009555211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95133257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104288639","doi":"10.1088/2040-8978/17/3/035617","title":"Measuring the self-healing of the spatially inhomogeneous states of polarization of vector Bessel beams","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Army Research Office; Division of Physics; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Polarimetry; Stokes parameters; Conical surface; Spatial light modulator; Bessel beam; Materials science; Scattering","score_opus":0.016994863677308594,"score_gpt":0.22501808459694772,"score_spread":0.20802322091963912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104288639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938771,0.00020754844,0.0049268273,0.00021131488,0.000352546,0.00008545901,0.000023321842,0.0000018893452,0.00031400216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936863,0.000010116593,0.0060843905,0.0000057941247,0.00017784908,3.4359988e-7,0.0000014532734,0.000012908419,0.000020819552],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987744,0.000059797883,0.0005711407,0.000046511646,0.00044271705,0.00010543394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978963,0.00009737031,0.0010182603,0.0001762754,0.00076411315,0.000047688627],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046881073,0.00008550584,0.00021847013,0.000041265204,0.00003819036,0.000015105806,0.0002807003,0.000027674114,0.000004106191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000074346965,0.00005139236,0.00012827256,0.00015135517,0.00007099607,0.00008731258,0.00007854549,0.00015643307,2.76029e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002429895,0.0023197061,0.3063541,0.00058800174,0.0019220548,0.0000076000006,0.022684377,0.4337183,0.1952713,0.03198521,0.0001950189,0.0047113197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019742209,0.0012547496,0.01245193,0.00064856303,0.0008744005,0.000037636815,0.005856503,0.021522684,0.94049853,0.014102469,0.00042224792,0.00035605268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049662838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018117676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7452272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028837494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000239452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20957196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104751855","doi":"10.1364/ol.40.000597","title":"Perfect vortex beam: Fourier transformation of a Bessel beam","year":2015,"lang":"de","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":556,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Beam (structure); Bessel beam; Optical vortex; Fourier transform; Bessel function; Laser beam quality; Diffraction; Transformation (genetics); Vortex; Light beam; Physics; Laser beams; Materials science; Laser","score_opus":0.013710581103255215,"score_gpt":0.2267404729825631,"score_spread":0.2130298918793079,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104751855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96667355,0.000523777,0.021918697,0.003774831,0.0018127465,0.00056664535,0.00023677861,0.000032758504,0.0044602114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99274486,0.000031092553,0.004776115,0.00042883802,0.0011269876,0.00002279112,0.00036768173,0.00007578177,0.00042584687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978238,0.000055511548,0.0006516751,0.0003168902,0.0006161813,0.0005359583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864846,0.00006151275,0.00030462767,0.0005107587,0.00019516784,0.00027949794],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003843481,0.0003842767,0.00046140462,0.0001337124,0.000106308835,0.00012024062,0.00031955412,0.0001207407,0.000044995606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017010327,0.0004063787,0.00030379347,0.0002649241,0.00021217954,0.00035910725,0.00008301621,0.00036666595,0.0004216176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001314188,0.010614951,0.03022731,0.004050009,0.012761505,0.00022964315,0.13379803,0.1319917,0.35590434,0.17336969,0.11190538,0.03383325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.033250555,0.0073177274,0.003057274,0.0025666475,0.012547607,0.00004748339,0.028846366,0.14171815,0.39218014,0.020875962,0.3459847,0.011607377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005334739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010484185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23407933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011503947,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014610907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W21144136","doi":"10.3148/71.4.2010.192","title":"Efficient ion-photon coupling with phase Fresnel lenses","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bulletin of the American Physical Society","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Optics; Coupling (piping); Photon; Phase (matter); Physics; Fresnel lens; Two-photon excitation microscopy; Ion; Fresnel number; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Diffraction; Lens (geology)","score_opus":0.00418601388431404,"score_gpt":0.23360442826315128,"score_spread":0.22941841437883725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W21144136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972323,0.0000034942125,0.0003029224,0.00085918495,0.00009556718,0.0001760331,0.00004226138,0.000024632129,0.001263585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975461,3.8324026e-7,0.0016762796,0.00013073353,0.0003610667,0.000017966342,0.0000041899525,0.000025871914,0.000237441],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990623,0.000014271426,0.00014200318,0.00022560575,0.00030033087,0.00025546557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990703,0.00011163495,0.00026892775,0.0004079399,0.00006943454,0.000071754665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007549922,0.00017188441,0.0002681724,0.0000058238616,0.00015864875,0.000022176282,0.00030925468,0.000014112805,0.00015267711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000064346905,0.00010909536,0.0003610123,0.00017486383,0.0008360309,0.0000062669164,0.00015538142,0.00034075955,0.000029783369],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031810423,0.0110047115,0.014687255,0.00009009893,0.0010093297,0.0000022887334,0.0038613833,0.011843001,0.8915212,0.02963718,0.025059702,0.010965724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0077559054,0.0021725523,0.011882145,0.00022053969,0.00072790275,0.000006832159,0.010395276,0.10259763,0.7775953,0.004932116,0.079364754,0.0023490645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042660048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.4515175e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11392594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013896505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003489244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44487795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114579353","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2014.48","title":"Generating optical orbital angular momentum at visible wavelengths using a plasmonic metasurface","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":835,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum of light; Physics; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum coupling; Plasmon; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Optics; Orbital motion; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.009589100050033082,"score_gpt":0.25464835467554736,"score_spread":0.24505925462551428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114579353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8488389,0.00004123742,0.13905314,0.00036350163,0.00010376411,0.00040767007,0.000018245835,0.00006258721,0.01111096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93495804,3.1169654e-7,0.064187005,0.00004357451,0.00018455781,0.00013328901,0.000017439006,0.000021696467,0.0004540672],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805635,0.00002247757,0.00031113593,0.0005618282,0.0004982666,0.0005499317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884725,0.00005672297,0.00013261738,0.0006110366,0.000121938014,0.00023043429],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044042247,0.00019803466,0.00019087177,0.0001118349,0.0010086781,0.00021544663,0.0005306581,0.000035306814,0.00015524158],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015203212,0.0001863527,0.00009348243,0.00085337285,0.00032378157,0.00030740988,0.00029304036,0.00013990246,0.00023929913],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002411905,0.00025885017,0.0021387022,0.000011535598,0.000024595645,5.814728e-7,0.0001785876,0.01371001,0.7571027,0.22444268,0.00010917562,0.0020201192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034005294,0.000059209033,0.00023608033,0.000016294456,0.00007366402,0.0000060210627,0.00019317545,0.4935513,0.48179254,0.006347027,0.01687919,0.0005054448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023885892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016331794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4798413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016146363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014453314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7758038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120211980","doi":"10.1364/josaa.29.001470","title":"Enlightening darkness to diffraction limit and beyond: comparison and optimization of different polarizations for dark spot generation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Diffraction; Azimuth; Vortex; Amplitude; Radial polarization; Optical vortex; Laser","score_opus":0.013955287562756935,"score_gpt":0.2597607433546602,"score_spread":0.24580545579190327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120211980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.53582805,0.00006400461,0.4629188,0.0008837536,0.00011373716,0.00011533877,0.0000093386825,0.0000012885448,0.00006570152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8537647,0.000012317935,0.1459582,0.0000516776,0.00018413179,0.000002327012,0.0000050684016,0.000007616291,0.000013953245],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934316,0.000023915947,0.00031639152,0.000059020284,0.0001461086,0.0001113785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992401,0.00009585935,0.00037907614,0.00007089717,0.00013050436,0.00008358305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011492765,0.00007968716,0.00022154122,0.000019143072,0.0000995588,0.00002229618,0.00005606051,0.000028069762,0.000007872886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024274335,0.00005533479,0.00013155272,0.00008880078,0.00008529271,0.00015467392,0.000057609468,0.000096016265,7.427656e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002781591,0.0038410544,0.24928325,0.0002861931,0.0014972934,8.6957876e-8,0.022382997,0.0939037,0.5607617,0.015688257,0.0048107575,0.04726658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003540199,0.0022116518,0.13318874,0.0002850314,0.0017935454,0.000022208498,0.018974176,0.73267674,0.10213177,0.002542264,0.0018226021,0.00081106846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000051478064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.573151e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.638773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022257676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013548429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22564872},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120822201","doi":"10.1109/ursigass.2011.6050366","title":"Circular antenna array for microwave Bessel beam generation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Bessel beam; Optics; Antenna (radio); Microwave; Beam (structure); Reflective array antenna; Antenna array; Extremely high frequency; Physics; Directional antenna; Millimeter; Slot antenna; Telecommunications; Computer science","score_opus":0.03286209362812151,"score_gpt":0.2461558308453653,"score_spread":0.2132937372172438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120822201","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.046199847,0.00019682311,0.91441256,0.00014667917,0.0014309383,0.0007857888,0.0002964367,0.000059872018,0.036471084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93758184,0.000008754451,0.048220318,0.000112354,0.0021499794,0.000260689,0.0021934817,0.00007884204,0.009393726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987595,0.000016716001,0.0003064786,0.0005132757,0.000120087294,0.00028395845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895954,0.000014565863,0.00016761883,0.00054597727,0.00023330083,0.000079003454],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000100224606,0.0002980258,0.00029747334,0.00004958303,0.00009568823,0.00011043472,0.0002254714,0.00015251894,0.00026967173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000040792593,0.00029638284,0.0003343406,0.000037523947,0.00003630251,0.00005843388,0.00022024133,0.00025462863,0.00008053219],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010202345,0.000549084,0.001183688,0.0002597441,0.0007267359,0.0000027847855,0.0005132739,0.000097528165,0.9102368,0.07599079,0.007765004,0.0026643865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003916015,0.00004109751,0.000055024324,0.000041165207,0.00020697233,0.0000012603006,0.00015816317,0.0010884112,0.81992143,0.17110413,0.0063358014,0.00065492716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008526443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000049257515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89138204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037278154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001347643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122651881","doi":"10.1038/ncomms4115","title":"Direct measurement of a 27-dimensional orbital-angular-momentum state vector","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":229,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; European Commission; Royal Society","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Azimuthal quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Orbital motion; Quantum state; Orbital angular momentum of light; Curse of dimensionality; Angular momentum operator; Quantum mechanics; Angular momentum of light; State vector; Weak measurement; Quantum; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.01388512413427376,"score_gpt":0.25621054140809485,"score_spread":0.2423254172738211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122651881","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.618068,0.012779865,0.0037821603,0.0102071455,0.0026485673,0.0021480382,0.0009039664,0.00038305135,0.34907922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99487257,0.0000068178642,0.0042959107,0.000052880463,0.000068191,0.000033816774,0.00012052413,0.000024178224,0.0005250972],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986791,0.00015610762,0.00032296992,0.00018226515,0.00045042572,0.0002091581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976908,0.00015182424,0.00019237623,0.0015077642,0.00037361323,0.00008364743],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004468804,0.00016334747,0.00023242367,0.00007621374,0.00015517484,0.000025938267,0.0007191963,0.000068475245,0.00012867767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059915536,0.00015237844,0.00013869292,0.00023373128,0.00013218379,0.00008711285,0.00039283556,0.00046059012,0.00005574901],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094836236,0.0057393634,0.04681352,0.0001284161,0.0018188378,0.0000019142685,0.0017438369,0.0006269908,0.12544557,0.744423,0.06248618,0.010677557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043816273,0.00077668135,0.054167982,0.0005383319,0.0006619835,0.0000071869977,0.00061154814,0.009873125,0.18465567,0.046630636,0.69530934,0.00238586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006183875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038307928,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69779235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060594844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006696669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6213812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123713022","doi":"10.1109/omems.2005.1540076","title":"Optical actuation of mems micro-gears through radiation pressure","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Microelectromechanical systems; Materials science; Machining; Laser; Surface micromachining; Laser beam machining; Optoelectronics; Rotation (mathematics); Polyimide; Fabrication; Optics; Radiation pressure; Actuator; Laser beams; Electrical engineering; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Engineering; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.005578420151294284,"score_gpt":0.22363980134570438,"score_spread":0.2180613811944101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2123713022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8196161,0.00009120514,0.029259104,0.00022901391,0.00013295047,0.00018584933,0.000023780733,0.000026738193,0.15043528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923817,8.2467307e-7,0.004232405,0.000011776406,0.00020089516,0.000005123565,0.00007370948,0.000008452153,0.0030851446],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995031,0.0000065220925,0.00016090529,0.00010144012,0.000120246106,0.00010780771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974436,0.000023628074,0.000061786384,0.00011656202,0.00003878286,0.000014906195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041042716,0.0000699349,0.00008985513,0.00001567106,0.000025292095,0.000018531213,0.000058815516,0.000027606075,0.00055223226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001941986,0.0000630173,0.000053431035,0.00006497745,0.000030974174,0.00014046112,0.000021580598,0.000046157205,0.000037865895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001649272,0.00057936815,0.024759095,0.000034494104,0.0001397875,5.033168e-7,0.00035134016,0.001910947,0.24135247,0.7120399,0.0075881556,0.01122746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007025422,0.00007334967,0.014425593,0.00001071067,0.0000979503,4.7164968e-7,0.00023258364,0.0015493878,0.91646767,0.04900542,0.017202094,0.00023220021],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022682287,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013885663,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6751152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007537243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014770653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60465556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124021275","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.014891","title":"Needles of longitudinally polarized light: guidelines for minimum spot size and tunable axial extent","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Optics; Transverse plane; Light beam; Physics; Ray; Beam (structure); Lens (geology); Electric field; Focal length","score_opus":0.029535738600060927,"score_gpt":0.2849028043587451,"score_spread":0.2553670657586842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124021275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756746,0.0008733312,0.015459371,0.0004685637,0.0006598242,0.00057444855,0.00018777173,0.000028011444,0.0060740705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93692476,0.00000955997,0.060147036,0.000028783383,0.0007963375,0.00004006588,0.000019574576,0.000033009983,0.0020008679],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988389,0.000015277727,0.00039013952,0.00018475657,0.00018002282,0.00039089986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898815,0.00014452578,0.00016450911,0.00026209012,0.0002979361,0.00014278638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020898685,0.00019774,0.00029992525,0.000038163067,0.000086000524,0.000052805808,0.00016354134,0.00005545989,0.00007954467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007409618,0.00017785146,0.00012304961,0.00006237755,0.00006481216,0.00020630193,0.00016332633,0.00007202395,0.0000055028677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002951663,0.0014401778,0.04521554,0.0003892659,0.00054557784,0.0000021370543,0.0029659586,0.00010251027,0.82403594,0.11805043,0.004799599,0.0021577156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012277387,0.0011291734,0.010521847,0.0006314753,0.0014489549,0.000019501544,0.012577497,0.007950041,0.84056354,0.036001924,0.073677056,0.0032015892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036339927,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3155297e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.082048506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010979221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025874739,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7252572},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2128611989","doi":"10.1364/oe.18.007670","title":"Power spectral analysis for optical trap stiffness calibration from high-speed camera position detection with limited bandwidth","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Michael Smith Health Research BC","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Calibration; Nyquist frequency; Photodiode; Holography; Bandwidth (computing); Optical power; Position (finance); Noise (video); Laser; Computer science; Computer vision; Image (mathematics); Telecommunications","score_opus":0.005777788768890454,"score_gpt":0.2130211664245523,"score_spread":0.20724337765566184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2128611989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7605192,0.000003463849,0.23795608,0.00009035447,0.0002696404,0.00029697764,0.00025082869,0.000046853813,0.000566581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768211,4.4605585e-7,0.021599745,0.000022179762,0.00046771063,0.000048920545,0.00084530946,0.000042434003,0.00015213112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987219,0.000021721267,0.00027098806,0.00040235845,0.00026316324,0.00031989207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907196,0.000113946306,0.00013467802,0.000374542,0.00015876313,0.00014613061],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007230813,0.00024744237,0.00030303025,0.00013513745,0.0001693274,0.0002449985,0.00015855026,0.00011213902,0.000305763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007632191,0.000222877,0.00017211294,0.00032867442,0.00008605536,0.00031214504,0.000031987558,0.0002756887,0.0000064885753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005544663,0.00072347134,0.006288608,0.000014540169,0.0015293867,0.0000067174556,0.00060087483,0.0072413753,0.9498918,0.03147555,0.00004580706,0.0016273834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036124948,0.0006205105,0.042272374,0.000029923875,0.002210412,0.0000029393618,0.00062796904,0.15815958,0.784281,0.006794473,0.00025297652,0.0011353055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020587056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005146509,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21635634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002818376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029971934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90886605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131139435","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2014-0030","title":"Superposed coherent states improve fidelity of NOON states generated in post-selection","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Noon; Beam splitter; Mixing (physics); Coherent states; Fidelity; Beam (structure); State (computer science)","score_opus":0.0056176811675553205,"score_gpt":0.20278408123607466,"score_spread":0.19716640006851935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131139435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99648595,0.00004130693,0.002623225,0.000102398386,0.00023833125,0.000091591806,0.00012353892,0.000002194249,0.0002914491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921286,0.0000021629767,0.00031193066,0.000045541743,0.00030196848,0.0000015808033,0.00005678034,0.000016883843,0.00005029927],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903625,0.00006317577,0.00041007134,0.00009998346,0.00013035667,0.00026013458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99890256,0.000039418876,0.00026015317,0.00010458958,0.00045569884,0.00023756118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019470327,0.00012812745,0.00024777342,0.00009384353,0.000045674435,0.000039687944,0.00013577919,0.000029580906,0.00011654132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013472492,0.00012229005,0.00009682459,0.00019007419,0.000058573365,0.0001681116,0.0000074555605,0.00021706552,0.0000047817616],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016481805,0.00078954885,0.3423044,0.00018950022,0.00074555253,0.000024013287,0.0066383244,0.05093889,0.40193492,0.032533392,0.0029744196,0.16076224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048939143,0.0027275637,0.042243186,0.00028628355,0.00023469188,0.000008904757,0.004019102,0.05302604,0.7708143,0.11480133,0.0057312185,0.0012134606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016886793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055231014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36887938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012202536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053952937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98965985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132044458","doi":"10.1364/ota.2009.omb3","title":"Position and Intensity Modulations in Holographic Optical Traps Created by a Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Holography; Spatial light modulator; Intensity modulation; Intensity (physics); Modulation (music); Cardinal point; Laser; Phase modulation; Physics; Light intensity; Position (finance); Optical modulator; Trap (plumbing); Materials science; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0037883971991248904,"score_gpt":0.20546935324476823,"score_spread":0.20168095604564334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2132044458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98311126,0.000018307834,0.010333774,0.0013198605,0.000035650013,0.00017519861,0.000023373435,0.000039425275,0.0049431603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99899805,0.0000014229934,0.0006271126,0.00009450637,0.0000627135,0.00000609619,0.00010357192,0.000008186153,0.00009836117],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992511,0.000018996017,0.00019557598,0.00022738556,0.00010157727,0.00020531761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999691,0.000011441802,0.000031764048,0.0001263648,0.00004499065,0.00009443418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053463296,0.00013516613,0.00016429978,0.00009181912,0.00006147068,0.000043209187,0.00005213242,0.000059573013,0.00009532201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003120868,0.00012682482,0.00005580755,0.00016499104,0.000049130573,0.00014003897,0.000026708178,0.000137677,0.000004881334],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063987623,0.0034042192,0.07349015,0.000015590715,0.00017856302,0.000034551525,0.0009279997,0.0003260379,0.80219245,0.106406555,0.0017709312,0.010613092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0058360775,0.0041459673,0.68335325,0.00011837874,0.00020726293,0.00004190817,0.00078005105,0.07634727,0.17122105,0.05540346,0.00062651973,0.0019188082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015966601,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007756766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6309714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017319095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009660758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51717657},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133937396","doi":"10.1117/1.jnp.8.083071","title":"Inducing forced and auto-oscillations in one-dimensional photonic crystals with light","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nanophotonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photonic crystal; Photonics; Materials science; Chopper; Wavelength; Optics; Optoelectronics; Laser Doppler vibrometer; Laser; Vibration; Physics; Distributed feedback laser; Voltage","score_opus":0.007679506010989125,"score_gpt":0.21043171068809605,"score_spread":0.20275220467710692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133937396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99656427,0.000105389576,0.0004363335,0.00029941648,0.00011811953,0.00011540155,0.000004640117,0.000005105308,0.0023513008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914298,0.000006236848,0.008240593,0.000056254594,0.000069028094,0.000002711419,0.0000021215994,0.000019338207,0.00017393642],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891794,0.000040208102,0.00040605335,0.00013397295,0.0002881372,0.00021367944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917644,0.000092941686,0.00034627828,0.00014439615,0.00013221797,0.000107704545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003661722,0.00013701367,0.0002908136,0.00016005478,0.00007906893,0.00005459295,0.00010652942,0.000046419635,0.00008176361],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016576441,0.00010986532,0.00006697259,0.00019281005,0.0000394665,0.00020465443,0.00005199454,0.0002826602,0.0000033757776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044424177,0.0014193062,0.106797785,0.00014118443,0.00076133147,0.0000739284,0.0036103872,0.020258311,0.81611246,0.04446671,0.00058974564,0.0053245835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03601495,0.009215266,0.0835588,0.004585138,0.0011601474,0.0008649477,0.0040729237,0.21024798,0.45684284,0.0922126,0.09671977,0.004504636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018558383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007909027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35926965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060295264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015347423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44801778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2134680664","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-56546-5_95","title":"Centrifugal Dissociation of a Molecule Using the Optical Centrifuge","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer series in chemical physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Centrifuge; Dissociation (chemistry); Molecule; Materials science; Atomic physics; Molecular physics; Physics; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Nuclear physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.011988270983440505,"score_gpt":0.23078870130457843,"score_spread":0.21880043032113794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2134680664","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11956808,0.00036587447,0.00390464,0.00025874173,0.00069623685,0.00092181546,0.00027896545,0.00006358832,0.8739421],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97689897,0.000042266754,0.0021975783,0.00003703497,0.0019268995,0.000015080038,0.00019234829,0.00016601388,0.01852383],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984563,0.000011213352,0.00046345603,0.00031963774,0.00038904478,0.00036036148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990624,0.00006287708,0.0003065353,0.0004110308,0.000090569476,0.000066561675],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000072625335,0.00034671466,0.0004553737,0.000028959652,0.00004910048,0.00003532325,0.00032310162,0.00017222145,0.00018094595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010274634,0.00030862266,0.00027376495,0.00008672229,0.0002927337,0.00011816372,0.00030509284,0.00059937,0.000012625464],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043802735,0.00018699796,0.001121814,0.00007075355,0.0001822469,0.000008390662,0.00022961388,0.00012732728,0.013462731,0.98257196,0.000074445335,0.0019199244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012601024,0.00008470214,0.0000708346,0.0006934741,0.0004601818,0.000004857747,0.00024484805,0.0008896821,0.3698383,0.5994047,0.025405647,0.0016426868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002076908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.85281e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85733086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016360397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007540527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136904496","doi":"10.1109/cleo.2006.4628664","title":"Optically tunable hollow Gaussian beams","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Gaussian; Distortion (music); Beam (structure); Materials science; Gaussian beam; Phase (matter); Spatial light modulator; Stability (learning theory); Physics; Optoelectronics; Computer science","score_opus":0.003405097460581638,"score_gpt":0.19740450098711027,"score_spread":0.1939994035265286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136904496","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22953185,0.000013333537,0.010704619,0.00040626802,0.00011149306,0.00009026306,0.000007957611,0.000056990764,0.7590772],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93412495,1.3453457e-7,0.009555374,0.00004057758,0.00035094612,0.000009645366,0.000033309796,0.000015782658,0.055869307],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992923,0.000007072708,0.00014612317,0.00015776591,0.0001308854,0.00026583235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996814,0.000013220813,0.000026474037,0.00019329408,0.000024533192,0.00006105954],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045826255,0.000109351335,0.00010363049,0.00002449432,0.000066755616,0.000074917705,0.0001147315,0.000022815562,0.0030463238],"category_scores_gemma":[9.1250615e-7,0.00009243227,0.0000778135,0.00009217196,0.000038058504,0.00010012762,0.00005316553,0.00007512627,0.0006533423],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043196487,0.00038646744,0.055210933,0.000006954539,0.000038530805,0.000007265487,0.000027379352,0.00022186889,0.002817021,0.9277357,0.011619432,0.0019241647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044720583,0.00055999984,0.103236504,0.00007615321,0.00022924691,0.000012024367,0.002141396,0.0065908534,0.129909,0.46350488,0.28618997,0.0030779066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036030528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031006418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70459306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000134862685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001959575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136972275","doi":"10.1109/tuffc.2002.1009326","title":"Propagation of limited-diffraction X-waves in dissipative media","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Dissipative system; Inviscid flow; Physics; Diffraction; Rayleigh wave; Classical mechanics; Wave propagation; Transducer; Wave equation; Mechanics; Acoustics; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.011920567056216509,"score_gpt":0.21248126448595128,"score_spread":0.20056069742973479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136972275","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.49670565,0.0004667439,0.49843317,0.00028930517,0.00034961826,0.00064982084,0.00019589814,0.000044506734,0.0028652968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99929243,0.00015941888,0.00030638423,0.000027062764,0.000044412787,0.000043362772,0.000009104191,0.00002304979,0.00009476357],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873114,0.00007383065,0.0003966319,0.00027359862,0.00023543065,0.00028936184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991364,0.00033352314,0.00016501294,0.00017691066,0.000101955775,0.00008623409],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013083163,0.00020884063,0.00027970903,0.00026686554,0.00010382918,0.000032215743,0.00009164521,0.00008592521,0.00022890703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015658252,0.00020194946,0.000099880854,0.0005147347,0.00007454893,0.000229614,4.7676056e-7,0.00039083132,0.000009370803],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041331924,0.008324268,0.020512037,0.00018543878,0.00090348406,0.000024631345,0.009411382,0.012714744,0.13919184,0.07017055,0.00010591102,0.7380424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0109891575,0.0023068273,0.012675809,0.00027395468,0.0005655523,0.000017781016,0.0011741807,0.8620957,0.0807725,0.027226903,0.00015642615,0.0017452103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000118867174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003678938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84938097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007420674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028733806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82352597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138309378","doi":"10.1103/physreva.71.033816","title":"Angular momentum and the geometrical gauge of localized photon states","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Quantum electrodynamics; Gauge (firearms); Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field; Photon; Gauge theory; Observable; String (physics); Singularity; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum of light; Vector potential; Operator (biology); Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Gauge anomaly; Introduction to gauge theory; Angular momentum coupling; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0055615843054325625,"score_gpt":0.2654810161844787,"score_spread":0.25991943187904615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138309378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9345522,0.051402334,0.0011065956,0.0039041117,0.000056328536,0.001173476,0.00006444737,0.000030159805,0.00771038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966337,0.0024046348,0.00021561446,0.00029553587,0.00020007031,0.000058021702,0.000017464265,0.000014027577,0.00016092662],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990567,0.000075232114,0.00026354464,0.00017006125,0.00023957621,0.0001949159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931246,0.00018970108,0.000121501624,0.00025161696,0.000048854363,0.00007588044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021429744,0.00014514844,0.00046178506,0.00002541438,0.00004097115,0.000017490078,0.00015065634,0.000009448471,0.00019902832],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028205726,0.00008647599,0.00019744647,0.000305945,0.00021762557,0.000071671064,0.00011405678,0.00012868203,0.00004210357],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000103699815,0.0017392394,0.0018028867,0.0015506534,0.00044224717,0.0000020936425,0.0006628368,0.00003092614,0.0015380956,0.84662783,0.005996769,0.13950272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008586401,0.0004690612,0.0009566575,0.0020764433,0.0013492062,0.0000046352957,0.00030085293,0.024550498,0.030776292,0.36166823,0.5680789,0.0011828723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050573984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0702566e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5620821,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013234534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012812498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35263887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2138782529","doi":"10.1109/58.896140","title":"New X-wave solutions of free-space scalar wave equation and their finite size realization","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Bessel function; Physics; Beamwidth; Wave equation; Scalar field; Optics; Isotropy; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.017012399034775742,"score_gpt":0.20333145942830763,"score_spread":0.18631906039353188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2138782529","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.01934142,0.0004809543,0.97727585,0.00051443814,0.00017327462,0.0004198622,0.00025688845,0.000044069417,0.0014932158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99700534,0.0004421536,0.0019316722,0.00006020673,0.00008277737,0.000029775816,0.000019878606,0.000033911874,0.0003942677],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858236,0.00007759505,0.00039482894,0.00033910436,0.00021107859,0.00039501718],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99849033,0.0006446497,0.0001849943,0.00033008764,0.00017076464,0.00017917049],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002099376,0.00028015536,0.00032406757,0.00016195474,0.00029973453,0.00007246785,0.00009912471,0.00012129996,0.00016314417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039808067,0.0002665175,0.00012980458,0.0005151451,0.000081366146,0.00022618813,0.0000020146063,0.00030715085,0.0000028470752],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055175065,0.002101655,0.0032872388,0.00013420811,0.0017102789,0.000016936872,0.0039143735,0.018543787,0.14588495,0.4372797,0.0005441408,0.38603097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010460416,0.0020304276,0.0017121652,0.00018145308,0.0008633762,0.000055529406,0.0007201955,0.6732752,0.029958889,0.2784995,0.00069238717,0.0015504602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005265209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007126957,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97766393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006265026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013577154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999787},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2143002054","doi":"10.1007/s10043-012-0032-8","title":"Laguerre-Gaussian modes selection in diode-pumped solid-state lasers","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Laser; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Diode; Solid-state laser; Gaussian; Materials science; Quantum optics; Physics; Optoelectronics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.012856573376476933,"score_gpt":0.2976359207993788,"score_spread":0.28477934742290184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2143002054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5906776,0.05248808,0.015821286,0.0043411753,0.0007516981,0.002863241,0.0000721488,0.00024283367,0.33274195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99600136,0.0011514919,0.0015010829,0.00020250402,0.00017283372,0.000059200338,0.000018612367,0.000022472721,0.00087043626],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883693,0.00005646719,0.0003097705,0.00017310509,0.00016633098,0.00045737883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995432,0.000042206622,0.000058218175,0.00014264934,0.00002596184,0.00018779776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028761965,0.0001665973,0.0003139087,0.000034000353,0.000042870728,0.000027951204,0.000106188294,0.000029317618,0.0004942943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027211798,0.00014144307,0.000116727366,0.0002418905,0.0000409752,0.00023114083,0.000054941862,0.00020737205,0.00046784955],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047655416,0.0028426456,0.13088149,0.003756882,0.00031768513,0.000015001194,0.00052424823,0.00038852246,0.004836385,0.50274396,0.0053200517,0.34832546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009045188,0.001460823,0.10229731,0.03311422,0.002661932,0.00009186025,0.001459433,0.039092224,0.06573778,0.07579857,0.65824354,0.010997113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002870911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035257283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6529235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005063368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026791426,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60134155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146308735","doi":"10.1364/oe.22.007953","title":"Mechanical analysis of the optical tweezers in time-sharing regime","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Viscoelasticity; Jumping; Optics; Deformation (meteorology); Dissipation; Stress (linguistics); Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.00882173155841046,"score_gpt":0.23070537851540593,"score_spread":0.22188364695699547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146308735","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9661531,0.000005561255,0.006662411,0.00012319318,0.0000973172,0.00012280537,0.00001591407,0.000012619614,0.026807074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957429,4.0831478e-7,0.0029885012,0.000020139023,0.00007003215,0.000009173703,0.000011788609,0.00001534605,0.001141713],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989107,0.000040250627,0.00029417576,0.00023369813,0.00028389308,0.00023726924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909973,0.000111252484,0.000102853344,0.0005821059,0.00004041184,0.000063651416],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002681318,0.00012577427,0.00029794849,0.00009776877,0.00003937796,0.0000410352,0.0005505267,0.000050738334,0.0001734933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028376084,0.00009887313,0.00021752465,0.0004890406,0.00007577518,0.000057749963,0.00038545625,0.00018002714,0.00002093751],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034328194,0.00072804553,0.106551915,0.00003134187,0.0012061563,0.0000021543428,0.00057690806,0.02301258,0.052815072,0.81319094,0.00019191278,0.0016586347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001801522,0.00015155846,0.018843012,0.00018310825,0.0021597361,8.9006164e-7,0.00044850892,0.7936748,0.14179668,0.03799891,0.0019667635,0.00097447727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003551649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020022183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.775192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020701407,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011753227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40319294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2146913355","doi":"10.1364/ol.36.000352","title":"Optimization of focusing of linearly polarized light","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Linear polarization; Transverse plane; Light beam; Beam (structure); Gaussian beam; Full width at half maximum; Perpendicular; Phase (matter); Plane wave; Laser","score_opus":0.011672769264993377,"score_gpt":0.20061827906720137,"score_spread":0.18894550980220798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2146913355","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6808103,0.000017897182,0.30293086,0.00029936008,0.00021786467,0.0001498453,0.000021078142,0.000015843678,0.015536954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8474604,7.9630627e-7,0.15231124,0.00004049244,0.00008248785,0.0000017681344,0.000011364978,0.000016939715,0.000074533156],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993721,0.000015665315,0.00025532194,0.00010227606,0.00012157901,0.00013302636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995032,0.000014832049,0.00018355585,0.0001954089,0.000069310576,0.000033707944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006769827,0.00009345336,0.00016003188,0.00006217667,0.000023498511,0.00000910129,0.00011792267,0.000025363093,0.00016244785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046719424,0.00009284123,0.00008333746,0.000114173294,0.00005603011,0.00010226695,0.000048240665,0.00006908465,0.0000050266663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067366,0.0005795346,0.025178943,0.00008675035,0.0003296074,0.000004266463,0.003403702,0.0057159034,0.925809,0.037657265,0.00017512622,0.0009924904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017060671,0.00024250743,0.0011832108,0.00012908253,0.0002469189,0.0000013878066,0.0005345947,0.01996968,0.97376525,0.0014477032,0.00022555042,0.0005480652],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000070254864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2278001e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16665009,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000075682337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016783093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37859553},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148000536","doi":"10.1364/ao.39.003060","title":"Theoretical investigation of the optical trapping properties of a micro-optic cubic glass structure","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Cube (algebra); Levitation; Trapping; Materials science; Computation; Optical tweezers; Square (algebra); Optical force; Refractive index; Corner reflector; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006140743631587133,"score_gpt":0.1827453111204187,"score_spread":0.17660456748883158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148000536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98613745,0.000030665426,0.00014519137,0.00018071082,0.000055425648,0.00031326094,0.000022203563,0.000012825676,0.01310226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99529356,0.0000016817723,0.0044457763,0.00003345926,0.00009603252,0.000011549457,0.000008659632,0.000022900436,0.000086378685],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893105,0.000025078425,0.00037693954,0.00018045979,0.00026048292,0.00022599378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937564,0.000039990882,0.00011453981,0.00035238915,0.00005796087,0.000059496284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008498605,0.00017273464,0.00024318344,0.000027611139,0.000068515204,0.000023114535,0.00028413555,0.00007309215,0.0004301548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000057172324,0.000118461874,0.0001066844,0.00020300236,0.00084562914,0.000043456424,0.00007309657,0.00021599412,0.000009238568],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002081586,0.000048141374,0.0005299425,0.000051429302,0.00005619904,1.4556639e-7,0.0005996209,0.00041879257,0.3191876,0.6778572,0.000009658303,0.0012204418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004342554,0.00004535498,0.0007759013,0.00007877897,0.000116010124,0.00000211314,0.00049946,0.0022421803,0.91730434,0.07827074,0.000035318266,0.00019557503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000046345444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.7695333e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5995865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015941905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066031906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4830735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149658026","doi":"10.1242/jeb.203.5.935","title":"Head-Bobbing in Pigeons: How Stable is the Hold Phase?","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Experimental Biology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Head (geology); Thrust; Rotation (mathematics); Physics; Translation (biology); Optics; Phase (matter); Horizontal axis; Geology; Control theory (sociology); Geodesy; Anatomy; Mathematics; Geometry; Computer science; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Paleontology; Engineering","score_opus":0.018679450598212997,"score_gpt":0.31546516294295834,"score_spread":0.2967857123447453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149658026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919039,0.0015569967,0.000029180974,0.0014277552,0.00020027252,0.000082550636,0.000015736374,0.000002847731,0.004780736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845487,0.00001936567,0.00027165498,0.0002899145,0.00028254802,0.000004950674,0.0000043792506,0.000009161502,0.00066316273],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925905,0.0000604981,0.00026347002,0.00010142729,0.00008288402,0.00023268876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.000040298983,0.00013878195,0.00012220995,0.000021045807,0.000051123025],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015373995,0.000113837545,0.000201578,0.000051207244,0.00006505028,0.000038135026,0.00020838706,0.000034886616,0.0025503521],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002134829,0.00007505092,0.00011798867,0.000094961426,0.00008735619,0.00014337119,0.000034899724,0.00021121229,0.000027004386],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025269054,0.0020590706,0.024405394,0.0000039080187,0.00022762781,0.00003024957,0.0044952123,0.000025552994,0.93386286,0.0053671068,0.006344004,0.022926332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049620452,0.0018704114,0.0004095373,0.00006799371,0.000027335325,0.000058162474,0.010970282,0.0003001086,0.8633723,0.0039464827,0.113658465,0.00035685723],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051030158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.773532e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10731447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048499336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028671844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99836147},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2151678373","doi":"10.1364/oe.18.022128","title":"4π Focusing of TM_01 beams
under nonparaxial conditions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phasor; Physics; Electromagnetic field; Curvature; Optics; Focus (optics); Magnetic field; Electromagnetism; Optical field; Cardinal point; Beam (structure); Geometry; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008951711418767223,"score_gpt":0.2529498796001646,"score_spread":0.24399816818139736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2151678373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9332395,0.0000063746406,0.01126867,0.00009119124,0.0006619999,0.00013625775,0.00013578375,0.000022454326,0.054437757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985801,5.232618e-7,0.012489152,0.0000164334,0.0004914614,0.000013263624,0.000059062288,0.000024196914,0.0011049333],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921095,0.000011921136,0.00022316513,0.00016293068,0.00016799344,0.00022306209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931186,0.0000608472,0.00011145649,0.0003389219,0.00009381831,0.00008309925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006517628,0.00013144442,0.00016561164,0.000043557844,0.00009745459,0.0000468244,0.00019073465,0.000055207278,0.0006210786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000057511525,0.0001330773,0.000100497055,0.000079445796,0.00015351,0.0001258639,0.00010327652,0.00023047629,0.000045558034],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008918305,0.00039626381,0.002029755,0.000018692752,0.00009709765,0.0000018586405,0.00033488098,0.00079078897,0.49561542,0.49953094,0.0005622298,0.0006131318],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021287506,0.00016506665,0.0023723037,0.00008633244,0.00021449334,0.0000065046565,0.001573923,0.0033095977,0.8395987,0.1407167,0.00886613,0.00096148317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044482807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016905304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35881424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000673215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043447155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68003756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153061687","doi":"10.1364/ao.46.004587","title":"Quadrant kinoform: an approach to multiplane dynamic three-dimensional holographic trapping","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cegep de Saint Jerome","funders":"","keywords":"Holography; Optics; Computer science; Optical tweezers; Computation; Diffraction efficiency; Multiplexing; Lens (geology); Holographic display; Physics; Telecommunications; Algorithm","score_opus":0.011053424025196953,"score_gpt":0.23933081621621108,"score_spread":0.22827739219101412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153061687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82255673,0.0000148148165,0.14520545,0.000036663416,0.00016214377,0.0005060941,0.00003344156,0.00009730408,0.031387363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92681926,3.9643535e-7,0.07244598,0.00013412158,0.0001877892,0.00003388363,0.00024786105,0.00004811728,0.00008257051],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99819285,0.0000087362605,0.00037319583,0.00045034176,0.00032862066,0.0006462742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906594,0.000054771215,0.000095194744,0.00044572176,0.00005205581,0.00028630052],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035998801,0.00029498362,0.00026925327,0.00017725796,0.00018502057,0.000058302183,0.000301508,0.00009640652,0.00003670251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002075779,0.00028465403,0.00009971812,0.00036727957,0.00009652189,0.000085996,0.00011273653,0.00029303646,0.00009413004],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039044788,0.004558756,0.016060615,0.000107472726,0.00060107623,0.000035243862,0.0020464715,0.02580186,0.08367053,0.79476535,0.0002467135,0.07171548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016396591,0.0021757619,0.25135896,0.00022034177,0.0010810136,0.00013255315,0.015043521,0.53125536,0.033014588,0.13078299,0.007233837,0.011304504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004659279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020537644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66398233,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033086653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026956492,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156787464","doi":"10.1364/fio.2014.fth2a.1","title":"Creating high-harmonic beams with controlled orbital angular momentum","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; High harmonic generation; Harmonic; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Azimuthal quantum number; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum of light; Harmonic analysis; Optics; Angular momentum coupling; Quantum electrodynamics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Laser; Electronic engineering","score_opus":0.0038407375326672284,"score_gpt":0.19697744953290505,"score_spread":0.19313671200023783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156787464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86757684,0.00002976507,0.023570187,0.00023582166,0.00012775931,0.00037906395,0.000007091465,0.00009506313,0.10797839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858806,2.786118e-7,0.0045830947,0.00005744979,0.0003899691,0.00006951767,0.00003914074,0.000039210827,0.008940747],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987036,0.000044194632,0.0002834299,0.0002968325,0.0002720548,0.00039990575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926025,0.00008263487,0.00013138291,0.0003229679,0.000072686205,0.00013006621],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001809954,0.00024438734,0.00039843924,0.000051133346,0.00015265333,0.00011698834,0.00017336592,0.000031972217,0.0013833302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008505522,0.0001734387,0.00011845456,0.00012831799,0.000065926055,0.00015901287,0.00007729586,0.00014387936,0.00018113984],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004394997,0.001025315,0.047848813,0.000054388714,0.0012013799,0.000014223126,0.0005672281,0.00087642606,0.008967824,0.93202806,0.0015404765,0.005436369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.21080887,0.012639022,0.03346604,0.00092505297,0.0034380676,0.00008200372,0.017863574,0.1374832,0.31039026,0.22888975,0.031827696,0.012186453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027689384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025435534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7031383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029102683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028615796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99952954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157484874","doi":"10.1364/josaa.30.000001","title":"Modeling highly focused laser beam in optical tweezers with the vector Gaussian beam in the T-matrix method","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Gaussian beam; Optics; Beam parameter product; Beam (structure); M squared; Gaussian; Laser beam quality; Beam diameter; Physics; Paraxial approximation; Numerical aperture; Aperture (computer memory); Beam divergence; Laser; Laser beams; Wavelength","score_opus":0.01019987150732804,"score_gpt":0.2647015396227731,"score_spread":0.25450166811544506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157484874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9238224,0.00020775895,0.05106298,0.023012249,0.00016411429,0.00033872298,0.0000070647766,0.000005533096,0.0013791736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94612646,0.000009716336,0.053083647,0.00036434518,0.00034258974,0.0000074005716,6.8524116e-7,0.000021362952,0.000043779517],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815243,0.00015113052,0.0005075036,0.000120741526,0.0006130267,0.0004551418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987515,0.00046392015,0.00028893116,0.00030395592,0.000076414064,0.000115280134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011248103,0.0001957851,0.0004039975,0.00002729733,0.00010442083,0.00005091673,0.0006475658,0.00006030629,0.000028042115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003219983,0.00008650159,0.00050110486,0.00045485917,0.00031705518,0.00019688318,0.00012917141,0.0008834014,0.000003894055],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017404197,0.01389505,0.075198956,0.00033057012,0.0045488356,0.00003088623,0.10296984,0.6842513,0.030480683,0.03834308,0.011769254,0.03644113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.023810567,0.0066438843,0.10607503,0.0021590944,0.004419343,0.00033301444,0.3505842,0.41211733,0.0502098,0.017579352,0.021589564,0.0044788118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008827861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010920186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27213398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000851924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000088844674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38379884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158166689","doi":"10.1364/oe.18.026388","title":"Angular and position stability 
of a nanorod trapped in an optical tweezers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Optical force; Cylinder; Torque; Tilt (camera); Materials science; Trapping; Physics","score_opus":0.008261275398208635,"score_gpt":0.23894831057326194,"score_spread":0.2306870351750533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158166689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99619883,0.000009220025,0.0008028512,0.000040316503,0.00009462026,0.00017595448,0.00004187088,0.00001123994,0.0026250866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884539,6.5084924e-7,0.011395015,0.000006227934,0.00006995385,0.000013018862,0.00003062137,0.000014548395,0.000016014821],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991775,0.00002862962,0.00022906563,0.00022336861,0.000142999,0.00019839608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942905,0.00004105772,0.000057828343,0.00030702364,0.000060516028,0.00010453332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016073257,0.00012183279,0.00018044522,0.000046890673,0.000032675343,0.000037924587,0.00012254308,0.000063125524,0.0000993035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008599609,0.0001235815,0.000041851214,0.00008049011,0.00016193703,0.00018885867,0.00006461172,0.00020970243,0.0000017704964],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049245828,0.0006747685,0.058430318,0.000036697355,0.000018256284,0.0000034343275,0.0011772264,0.000025518908,0.88537973,0.05251436,0.0000038689222,0.0016865486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002260714,0.0005014391,0.043005448,0.000057975725,0.000078092926,0.0000044456415,0.003215433,0.008454656,0.9228728,0.01874584,0.00013175306,0.0006714382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038417904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000129903365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037493005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000083426075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023705916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5039508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158693620","doi":"10.1109/omems.2007.4373843","title":"Fully-Integrated Optofluidic Trap with Linear Microsphere Array","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Trap (plumbing); Optical tweezers; Microfluidics; Materials science; Polystyrene; Maxwell stress tensor; Microsphere; Optical force; Optical fiber; Chip; Beam (structure); Particle (ecology); Optoelectronics; Lab-on-a-chip; Trapping; Optics; Nanotechnology; Cauchy stress tensor; Physics; Polymer; Composite material; Computer science","score_opus":0.005121443081447441,"score_gpt":0.22172562957028724,"score_spread":0.2166041864888398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158693620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7052519,0.000055533787,0.15462056,0.000102626764,0.00010394505,0.00016497084,0.000016002616,0.000082820974,0.13960168],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96677446,9.129249e-7,0.01937998,0.00008438943,0.00023805856,0.0000045670663,0.00004945197,0.00003091972,0.013437272],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908984,0.0000086000755,0.0001899891,0.00021299254,0.00015111058,0.00034746598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995089,0.000024139244,0.00004751623,0.0002205723,0.00007943277,0.00011939515],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115781244,0.00018167091,0.00015098596,0.000025691525,0.00007493914,0.000041305782,0.00013823823,0.000037013528,0.0028335247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010948634,0.00012862448,0.00007151572,0.00021250467,0.00007110871,0.00008857809,0.00001688973,0.00016518407,0.00028871623],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045222597,0.0018862446,0.21783808,0.000057715846,0.00086911576,0.00007590884,0.001333007,0.000090294874,0.6154408,0.1009632,0.015366462,0.04562695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011939696,0.00031443735,0.0022058166,0.000037217098,0.000049351376,0.0000069029597,0.0028511845,0.000063116175,0.92289656,0.00075702794,0.06908454,0.00053989637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016485262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001604145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30745575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022553237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044800756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99807805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2159433826","doi":"10.1109/ultsym.1996.584387","title":"Limited diffraction beams from cylindrical arrays","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Optics; Planar; Aperture (computer memory); Focus (optics); RADIUS; Generator (circuit theory); Planar array; Physics; Quality (philosophy); Pulse generator; Computer science; Acoustics; Telecommunications; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.014931840686078331,"score_gpt":0.2148932332299914,"score_spread":0.19996139254391307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2159433826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.62433225,0.000034373923,0.024725404,0.00056771445,0.00029421886,0.00007069369,0.00002656687,0.00009256714,0.34985623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894651,0.0000022555619,0.002646301,0.00007441344,0.000505015,0.0000071809823,0.000054110988,0.000012935917,0.007232693],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943644,0.000008292647,0.000122069396,0.0001571283,0.000120379234,0.00015571465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966395,0.00004072086,0.000036070945,0.00017247866,0.00001766059,0.000069130096],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000013288642,0.00009561342,0.00009279845,0.000021867398,0.000056035125,0.000042858945,0.00007728086,0.000030160858,0.020110527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024188348,0.00008335705,0.0000696568,0.00007140686,0.000020004667,0.00010902201,0.000032573582,0.00011968636,0.0011372322],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048833357,0.0065696505,0.2328579,0.00001938423,0.0009312161,0.000027960492,0.002373208,0.00075113075,0.042869728,0.1733848,0.05381548,0.48635072],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005787265,0.00049504096,0.071158804,0.00008294906,0.0003969624,0.0000049597943,0.004227914,0.37646845,0.063785024,0.09550089,0.3789527,0.0031390416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016586961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010141312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48321167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016452088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020983507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161044860","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/16/3/033020","title":"Simulating thick atmospheric turbulence in the lab with application to orbital angular momentum communication","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Atmospheric turbulence; Angular momentum; Turbulence; Computational physics; Free-space optical communication; Adaptive optics; Classical mechanics; Aerospace engineering; Optical communication; Optics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0063964795182269605,"score_gpt":0.233144390995817,"score_spread":0.22674791147759002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161044860","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7861638,0.000052562045,0.21085589,0.0007971824,0.000039264505,0.00020257734,0.0000015752187,0.0000061315977,0.001881017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.987597,0.0000012067796,0.011777976,0.00012023981,0.00042414633,0.0000051980046,0.000005003215,0.000015211095,0.000054058768],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906844,0.000086098116,0.00028228606,0.00009647674,0.0003125827,0.0001541201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905396,0.00011824546,0.00031533948,0.00033157147,0.000116782096,0.00006411532],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033723275,0.00011710247,0.00016419723,0.00001017157,0.00007719997,0.000066982924,0.00041648716,0.00001902807,0.000011434451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010259185,0.000080756145,0.000056441626,0.0003260267,0.000029425431,0.00022555249,0.00005427497,0.00027843053,0.000013826723],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017067246,0.00126522,0.06721497,0.000055971952,0.00021775323,0.0000063968337,0.018536208,0.4334973,0.007084581,0.20415986,0.0018420997,0.26594898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010769038,0.0046017743,0.04504414,0.0014511212,0.0005827379,0.000073002484,0.020587025,0.33509323,0.018401897,0.526301,0.03456776,0.0025272425],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009900723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004238413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32214117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036834994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004662618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.329314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161047435","doi":"10.1038/ncomms3781","title":"Efficient separation of the orbital angular momentum eigenstates of light","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":489,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum coupling; Physics; Position (finance); Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum cryptography; Photon; Quantum mechanics; Unitary state; Basis (linear algebra); Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Quantum; Classical mechanics; Quantum information; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006452244844933541,"score_gpt":0.25944043425708385,"score_spread":0.2529881894121503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161047435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97742933,0.0011083756,0.00012018789,0.0020851973,0.00014285711,0.0004130616,0.000055257125,0.000011606838,0.018634126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998129,0.000003762418,0.0014403128,0.000015372338,0.000021709671,0.00003399676,0.000041449057,0.000008542547,0.0003058702],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993625,0.0000582218,0.00024439112,0.0000783223,0.00015775448,0.0000987672],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983358,0.0000650777,0.00019366237,0.0011570327,0.00022390316,0.000024538971],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000073445786,0.00008102436,0.00011274195,0.000035696703,0.0001126059,0.000014211166,0.0006581734,0.000054276163,0.00011866041],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013267285,0.000058256912,0.00010202682,0.0002475394,0.00012585217,0.00004269472,0.00031306242,0.00027128548,0.0000193371],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061991623,0.0017734264,0.05109712,0.000043865282,0.00031977595,9.259562e-8,0.003203036,0.0014099211,0.22753121,0.70234066,0.0110105015,0.0012642045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015372578,0.00022074128,0.10516582,0.00025494478,0.0003585243,0.0000035403978,0.0065425206,0.040039826,0.7688313,0.04299536,0.033112265,0.0009378932],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007092759,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000624053,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65934527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001624626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003116595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2375648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164382043","doi":"10.1364/ao.50.004005","title":"Generation of Bessel beams using a magnetic liquid deformable mirror","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Deformable mirror; Optics; Conical surface; Wavefront; Bessel function; Bessel beam; Magnetic mirror; Magnetic field; Beam (structure); Physics; Adaptive optics; Curved mirror; Materials science","score_opus":0.05561139830854729,"score_gpt":0.24136354300779533,"score_spread":0.18575214469924806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164382043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.944733,0.000031946296,0.010727298,0.0000042174293,0.00011713387,0.00020000244,0.000015429378,0.000016735894,0.044154234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9193889,0.0000020271275,0.0802485,0.000016857339,0.00009505596,0.000015363423,0.000028520306,0.000023587885,0.00018117524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992337,0.000006203453,0.00025950107,0.0001460021,0.0001341676,0.00022042586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995205,0.0000075917064,0.0001153599,0.00023940907,0.000059809623,0.000057344518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007084566,0.00013314218,0.0001570093,0.00004310977,0.00006477013,0.00001527298,0.000128265,0.00004273628,0.00017451076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010546348,0.00013286025,0.000054890203,0.000118182885,0.00006113742,0.00007638729,0.00007571074,0.00008196034,0.000031487903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008343692,0.00072262215,0.0011281761,0.000074013704,0.00012515139,0.0000020905904,0.0026520188,0.00080063683,0.54122204,0.4508568,0.000056313675,0.0022766849],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010490118,0.0005172395,0.00027274445,0.000025359548,0.00024416088,0.0000029237283,0.0013943472,0.035471935,0.95092547,0.009020695,0.0004826005,0.0005935234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011864547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017898232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44183612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017149558,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037112506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54178834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168404589","doi":"10.1109/cleo.2008.4551508","title":"Flow dependent optofluidic particle trapping","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Microfluidics; Trapping; Optical tweezers; Particle (ecology); Planar; Sorting; Flow (mathematics); Optofluidics; Materials science; Optical force; Nanotechnology; Mechanics; Optics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.01554922946565836,"score_gpt":0.2176964161455998,"score_spread":0.20214718667994144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2168404589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9228285,0.000057745725,0.017892648,0.0001844872,0.0001118787,0.000082955004,0.000004454825,0.000055268167,0.058782093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923395,0.0000031861837,0.0014574509,0.000059082202,0.0001538831,0.000011256368,0.0000057549114,0.000010841803,0.0059590302],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999381,0.000011061395,0.00012736389,0.00013405898,0.0001337596,0.00021275188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997124,0.0000136710405,0.000019448478,0.00015637571,0.000019896162,0.00007818982],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004141885,0.00008483435,0.00008484015,0.000013507452,0.000115612085,0.000017276987,0.00008781469,0.000013582948,0.0022797317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001390574,0.00007578916,0.00006214829,0.000073598305,0.000035053567,0.000099757934,0.000040979503,0.00006207035,0.00045354175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043463817,0.0021981471,0.5162261,0.000034517405,0.00056253147,0.00010529034,0.0046115103,0.0022470783,0.13183525,0.25278866,0.028156545,0.061190885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022728867,0.00018497625,0.014001255,0.000021594884,0.00005771179,0.000025219124,0.0016654669,0.031805348,0.92526996,0.008242624,0.015472458,0.0009804886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039736304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.017964e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79343474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001172174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020026117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171906616","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/16/12/123006","title":"Achromatic orbital angular momentum generator","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum of light; Polarization (electrochemistry); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Isotropy; Wavelength; Helicity; Total angular momentum quantum number","score_opus":0.008069836738707507,"score_gpt":0.22291415274053808,"score_spread":0.21484431600183057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2171906616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89807695,0.00011118627,0.09558464,0.00022559821,0.00074084813,0.000084265266,0.00000781936,0.00001414414,0.0051545706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98858887,0.00000120027,0.0059814295,0.0000557041,0.004603138,0.0000010130966,0.0000059803574,0.000031936008,0.0007307448],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881107,0.00004609591,0.0004153542,0.000113137845,0.00036973867,0.00024462864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898756,0.00004039659,0.00041069774,0.00022202112,0.00012862978,0.00021071346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016469831,0.00017849408,0.00031331956,0.000041645293,0.000067060035,0.00007866615,0.00027003614,0.00002830619,0.00025070625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010303407,0.00015378029,0.0002380236,0.00014710914,0.000038543487,0.00030029222,0.000059731043,0.00022443256,0.00008975449],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008388394,0.0021425493,0.020405337,0.0001450796,0.0016326901,0.00005895419,0.0026462968,0.0042706653,0.18488894,0.47489196,0.08711478,0.22171885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0072057056,0.0021211861,0.0023008185,0.0003362764,0.00074427744,0.00008946474,0.0011374849,0.008938311,0.32743797,0.594522,0.053553227,0.0016132675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001379611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7982268e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22010557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036676618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010453401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6270978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2179863594","doi":"10.1038/nphoton.2015.203","title":"From transverse angular momentum to photonic wheels","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":645,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Nanophotonics; Physics; Transverse plane; Photonics; Angular momentum; Near-field optics; Optical physics; Optics; Nanotechnology; Classical mechanics; Engineering; Optical microscope; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.009133754668492118,"score_gpt":0.258195116703559,"score_spread":0.24906136203506687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2179863594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657335,0.00090816774,0.0008865938,0.00082550646,0.001665216,0.0006223805,0.00049973896,0.000118216296,0.028740643],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902343,0.000003945275,0.006644581,0.00054813246,0.0004159467,0.00005481381,0.00020185296,0.000059775186,0.0018366104],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99825215,0.000038876922,0.00025747748,0.00046623102,0.0005054116,0.000479876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99868685,0.00003581751,0.00007490219,0.00060325896,0.00014717253,0.00045199136],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018227272,0.00030289378,0.0003026899,0.000088153174,0.00007002558,0.00009215821,0.00043714946,0.00020994812,0.0008725548],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001577279,0.00029337627,0.00016038342,0.00033591417,0.000038301656,0.0001682232,0.00012373588,0.0007156494,0.00051872333],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014141067,0.0060544685,0.016990932,0.0001489988,0.0037773205,0.00044925776,0.051652946,0.006973906,0.29632664,0.15101887,0.43948466,0.025707906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026367805,0.00028291272,0.00015004896,0.000059635364,0.00017648345,0.0000027452973,0.0029279036,0.002625299,0.23088166,0.03567812,0.7235421,0.0010363101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000302169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014209396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28405744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001497555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016209135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2185008482","doi":"10.1109/ecoc.2015.7341941","title":"Orbital-angular-momentum polarization mode dispersion in optical fibers and its measurement technique","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization mode dispersion; Angular momentum; Optics; Single-mode optical fiber; Polarization (electrochemistry); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Orbital angular momentum of light; Dispersion (optics); Physics; Optical fiber; Spectrum analyzer; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Mode (computer interface); Dispersion-shifted fiber; Total angular momentum quantum number; Fiber optic sensor; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.020559474686858575,"score_gpt":0.24838372568838624,"score_spread":0.22782425100152767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2185008482","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91793936,0.00016808149,0.04467992,0.0007545156,0.00017401113,0.0009452121,0.000020476693,0.00007830503,0.035240125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965913,0.000001087748,0.0025677471,0.000020650841,0.000053889285,0.000043740554,0.000034454686,0.00001834361,0.00066874543],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988956,0.00003189754,0.00021779303,0.00023954645,0.0003754596,0.00023974571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953866,0.000008842601,0.000041304553,0.00014282553,0.00010307695,0.00016527658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002964259,0.00015166939,0.0001504606,0.000087859655,0.00003680701,0.000046967612,0.000088138404,0.00005218232,0.00007161652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016310405,0.00013689963,0.000035703564,0.00015727709,0.000028110466,0.00022213199,0.00011856257,0.00012389351,0.00002831248],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016779844,0.002082969,0.11783067,0.00012213645,0.00020182162,0.000037573453,0.0025154008,0.0013325488,0.2852955,0.5820692,0.002153046,0.006191331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01087085,0.0017439843,0.013385114,0.0005964142,0.00028989272,0.00003755474,0.01170768,0.13877612,0.6924162,0.11930146,0.0069442126,0.003930519],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012928812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000699731,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46276775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013699238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051863586,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5582605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2190931394","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.116.130402","title":"Wigner Distribution of Twisted Photons","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Photon; Azimuth; Scaling; Angular momentum; Wigner distribution function; Quantum entanglement; Quantum; Computational physics; Quantum mechanics; Optics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009067321319185044,"score_gpt":0.261651016002134,"score_spread":0.25258369468294894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2190931394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98501825,0.00048518274,0.006280424,0.0062091053,0.000086019616,0.0002949085,0.00018118975,0.000024262008,0.0014206356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892056,0.00006732796,0.000046156427,0.0006780058,0.00015236117,0.00002703084,0.000042677828,0.000009954143,0.000055914014],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933714,0.000033686076,0.00017567689,0.00014174425,0.00015105269,0.00016072438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952126,0.00006519803,0.00010194101,0.00022640613,0.000032666907,0.00005253927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054375818,0.00010829131,0.00023794959,0.0000074980762,0.000019387917,0.0000046571004,0.00011549571,0.000003369596,0.0001844302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010974155,0.00006688249,0.00018879384,0.00011187448,0.000087056455,0.00007662619,0.000043164277,0.00004766544,0.00015153189],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013910647,0.0008695444,0.008808165,0.00094351725,0.00024465722,0.0000033441315,0.00008411308,0.0000067200162,0.80859816,0.086345725,0.040350232,0.053731915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004309103,0.0005208292,0.032170504,0.01775862,0.0015750593,0.0000046495356,0.000058644477,0.00060783705,0.39767206,0.028877107,0.51350176,0.0029438068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000097312495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.014583e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47315156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021625325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008726173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27273887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2195344204","doi":"10.1364/optica.3.000351","title":"Observation of subluminal twisted light in vacuum","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Government of Canada","keywords":"Speed of light (cellular automaton); Physics; Theory of relativity; Special relativity; Optics; Counterintuitive; One-way speed of light; Einstein; Work (physics); Quantum mechanics; Quantum; Quantum electrodynamics; Classical mechanics; Numerical relativity","score_opus":0.015310019353572736,"score_gpt":0.24689501758054536,"score_spread":0.23158499822697262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2195344204","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94211435,0.00005464068,0.0016985281,0.000818892,0.00045208714,0.0002931556,0.00009903997,0.000017685865,0.054451622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939503,0.0000025028228,0.0031767637,0.000007954856,0.00023678075,0.000037508402,0.00009175309,0.000023114906,0.002473305],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989691,0.000027173255,0.00036360804,0.00026213858,0.00017682376,0.00020118992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992197,0.00003571212,0.00020292641,0.000404873,0.00009057256,0.000046213132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011051836,0.0001810281,0.00028825292,0.00008066632,0.000014396191,0.000025119898,0.0002414089,0.00010423049,0.0003584182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006820369,0.0001576726,0.00011689443,0.00008316911,0.00004270274,0.00005572593,0.00034773827,0.00023744575,0.000052422838],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013737091,0.0018166628,0.26551706,0.0008975313,0.0005343246,0.000027817538,0.0020140165,0.00013614472,0.066406436,0.64470977,0.0021356985,0.015667198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004580496,0.00049004314,0.21249244,0.0041544074,0.0004967337,0.0000028407437,0.00090835226,0.0039035245,0.23502564,0.5081873,0.026534954,0.003223306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056590634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023989069,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1686192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049668106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009228813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6429702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2195535810","doi":"10.1038/nature15265","title":"Controlling neutron orbital angular momentum","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"NIST Center for Neutron Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Angular momentum coupling; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Orbital motion; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum of light; Neutron; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.007686970675149572,"score_gpt":0.24151092343465524,"score_spread":0.23382395275950568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2195535810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93892,0.0012746193,0.0004515281,0.0009760353,0.0012509988,0.00025498675,0.000055986733,0.000089791705,0.05672602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99569535,4.3550955e-7,0.0005870899,0.00015505965,0.0008755069,0.000011795632,0.00006643895,0.000024372988,0.0025839638],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990626,0.000022216875,0.00014909694,0.00020545306,0.0002769867,0.00028364078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942607,0.000018182136,0.00006461353,0.0002266733,0.00010476107,0.00015972019],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012799747,0.00015652146,0.00017371245,0.000043278258,0.000053588283,0.00006472127,0.00017577343,0.0002701876,0.00015467838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011017288,0.00013886987,0.00009637765,0.00012865989,0.00002944243,0.00015140751,0.00007100464,0.0010822153,0.00015073147],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032963787,0.0014514546,0.09720905,0.00006295864,0.00091599266,0.00018821564,0.0024622302,0.0021265508,0.025505584,0.70800114,0.15320487,0.008542303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017034756,0.0010824954,0.008594947,0.00015163151,0.00046179988,0.00003703267,0.008163822,0.012194607,0.04237664,0.15734199,0.7493863,0.0031739862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024780138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.8964357e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5961814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043667453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004694192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5662949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2195950582","doi":"10.1038/525462a","title":"Neutrons with a twist","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"Nature","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Neutron; Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Orbital motion; Photon; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Nuclear physics; Optics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.005883013911881497,"score_gpt":0.22598471915385365,"score_spread":0.22010170524197215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2195950582","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010064796,0.0007044366,0.000064906584,0.73755693,0.0011950181,0.00041959778,0.0006755871,0.000102781734,0.25827423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.033744354,8.818506e-7,0.00150241,0.806318,0.027798895,0.00007750479,0.0037258605,0.00022391378,0.12660821],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989064,0.000019767147,0.00009904679,0.0002878207,0.00037883307,0.00030816128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992958,0.000019021662,0.000095043266,0.00041071948,0.00012400604,0.000055454122],"candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003569931,0.0002792542,0.00023927134,0.000050398536,0.000040337083,0.00007474395,0.0002498985,0.0015801357,0.00034853947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016683365,0.00020805861,0.000092495655,0.00011087641,0.00005559389,0.000052822434,0.000070831324,0.010561815,0.00019257149],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035849807,0.000017740498,0.00030633702,0.000018225368,0.000098214114,0.0000701434,0.00003109312,0.0000019069212,0.0000018500795,0.0011373068,0.9980884,0.00022514847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023117724,0.00005879921,0.000022947206,0.000034922745,0.00007279879,0.000004316275,0.000024753264,0.0000041324747,0.000020408042,0.002043264,0.9972068,0.00027569997],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022334178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016017119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13166603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004589981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013814341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2214624738","doi":"10.1117/12.2188458","title":"Tilted optical trapping of anisotropic single crystal nanorod (Presentation Recording)","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Nanorod; Anisotropy; Optics; Optical tweezers; Isotropy; Physics; Optical axis; Trapping; Materials science; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.015762505299344077,"score_gpt":0.23206868022914565,"score_spread":0.21630617492980156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2214624738","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901929,0.00003284832,0.00023219225,0.00070509256,0.00028068855,0.0004188326,0.00012918074,0.0000492238,0.007959036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9219652,0.000004184882,0.07701728,0.000019200834,0.0005212936,0.000076655786,0.00004098767,0.000056116332,0.00029907914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977968,2.7425614e-8,0.0007586689,0.00033932578,0.0007255658,0.00037964588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99750984,0.00012561398,0.00046595337,0.00006630606,0.0016662971,0.00016598962],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003514149,0.0002935417,0.00043488212,0.000098647215,0.000057165744,0.000095902156,0.00064642436,0.0001229677,0.00006045653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027713735,0.0002646573,0.00056040793,0.00033482764,0.00023457165,0.0005525074,0.00018925234,0.00024844863,0.0000022545667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000082192724,0.0003158398,0.0012269181,0.00022200285,0.0004421451,7.5529684e-8,0.00032363887,0.00014327817,0.59353,0.39923334,0.0041022007,0.0003783327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004692541,0.0016719243,0.0009486657,0.00076359394,0.00051657535,0.000017638416,0.012374692,0.042715665,0.91311896,0.015729986,0.006425368,0.0010243827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023456527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.12292284e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38350338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001700989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006031193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2215422314","doi":"10.1038/nphys3404","title":"Structured quantum waves","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Photonics; Electron; Quantum; Optical physics; Field (mathematics); Quantum optics; Cathode ray; Nanolithography; Quantum imaging; Beam (structure); Optics; Quantum technology; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Plasma; Open quantum system","score_opus":0.011489290826044472,"score_gpt":0.25843582617188676,"score_spread":0.2469465353458423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2215422314","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8741708,0.00069298426,0.008945418,0.00074417796,0.00340261,0.00042897565,0.00019876721,0.0002244688,0.11119183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961589,4.026307e-7,0.0013139853,0.000119283664,0.0015619901,0.000005475923,0.000085812004,0.000027091426,0.0007270814],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915266,0.000019819521,0.000116730014,0.0001972412,0.0002762713,0.00023730361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993733,0.000018878256,0.000066921755,0.00028750364,0.00012064663,0.00013272058],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000053443444,0.00016768769,0.00015650218,0.00001754644,0.00005062181,0.000052815165,0.00019396511,0.000090702546,0.000058617596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007561251,0.0001442936,0.00009045159,0.00017019983,0.000045264842,0.00015104364,0.000081667444,0.0004993423,0.00011245655],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015605276,0.00013944972,0.0061648786,0.000009233275,0.00009456206,0.0000033826227,0.0005219867,0.00016437759,0.0014656127,0.9665724,0.015922764,0.008925756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087201677,0.0000806619,0.0010062932,0.00001449173,0.000051710693,0.0000014502037,0.00063419295,0.0022012542,0.026428986,0.93095756,0.037281398,0.00046995966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015696089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.318871e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12198811,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002784976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006182004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5884122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2216155619","doi":"10.1109/dd.2015.7354831","title":"Propagation of finite energy Airy pulses in dispersive media","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Superposition principle; Dispersion (optics); Pulse (music); Apodization; Physics; Energy (signal processing); Quadratic equation; Optics; Simple (philosophy); Mathematics; Geometry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.014868651444815043,"score_gpt":0.22141449661098506,"score_spread":0.20654584516617003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2216155619","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7865193,0.000064900014,0.012738782,0.00028582482,0.00026683634,0.00012252928,0.000027100949,0.000018173072,0.19995657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818945,6.429684e-7,0.0003541976,0.000014730745,0.0000778773,0.0000066987914,0.000038390455,0.000005279087,0.0013127233],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996038,0.000013772698,0.000119398326,0.00007406215,0.00010410203,0.000084828986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999754,0.000033284156,0.00003993577,0.00008154549,0.000051017316,0.000040195562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045191213,0.00005324541,0.000079694466,0.00004026328,0.000005992552,0.000006121834,0.00005580799,0.000013900439,0.00015264696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011891653,0.000044516633,0.000024822446,0.00009574592,0.00002812728,0.000086500346,0.00003457411,0.000029670286,0.000014607063],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038758895,0.0005843921,0.1121233,0.000017801061,0.00005412851,0.000004533617,0.003924612,0.0014086642,0.0023398737,0.8471136,0.0018204532,0.030569864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008024412,0.0009810091,0.031733558,0.00025011552,0.00012551525,0.0000020628945,0.047862228,0.050035264,0.4982962,0.33481073,0.026005164,0.0018737334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054274977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000547608,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5123029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014544294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034776433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18153356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2229900083","doi":"10.1364/josaa.32.001053","title":"Angular scattering of light by a homogeneous spherical particle in a zeroth-order Bessel beam and its relationship to plane wave scattering","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Bessel beam; Scattering; Physics; Plane wave; Optics; Bessel function; Light scattering; Homogeneous; Zeroth law of thermodynamics; Beam (structure); Plane (geometry); Scattering theory; Geometry; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015443392644272035,"score_gpt":0.23588513314576345,"score_spread":0.22044174050149143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2229900083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924554,0.00024652554,0.0032444543,0.003739523,0.00005072629,0.00011137555,0.00001000232,0.0000026164819,0.00013934237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9811966,0.000004986487,0.018506236,0.00013037497,0.00006924877,0.000003018217,6.669322e-7,0.000014046476,0.00007483104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989045,0.000035516943,0.00044479163,0.00010913462,0.00029934786,0.00020670649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922496,0.000087438915,0.00025496416,0.0001341412,0.00012015286,0.00017833398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021977462,0.00011429329,0.00031134186,0.000014868431,0.000040607036,0.000020545744,0.00016873777,0.0000370019,0.000016318107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051367755,0.000086603344,0.00015570098,0.0002904614,0.00013381332,0.0000924103,0.00016687386,0.0002159261,0.0000021238864],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026438286,0.0018116226,0.16098687,0.00017388313,0.00056687574,0.000011969428,0.012642114,0.0077767894,0.80347073,0.0005468652,0.005748927,0.005998972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008660155,0.0038071778,0.07651023,0.0016408428,0.0007745042,0.00028672675,0.028435174,0.03178425,0.8331396,0.006214384,0.0069399104,0.001807047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034661218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1126395e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08447664,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041962867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047753314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35315818},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2240117853","doi":"10.1364/oe.23.013130","title":"Optical trapping of the anisotropic crystal nanorod","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Nanorod; Optical tweezers; Trapping; Isotropy; Optics; Anisotropy; Optical force; Optical axis; Physics; Materials science; Principal axis theorem; Nanotechnology; Geometry","score_opus":0.01666089501639982,"score_gpt":0.2320759418043416,"score_spread":0.21541504678794177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2240117853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9111805,0.00004869923,0.0075667845,0.0001623145,0.00048306154,0.00017995985,0.000030414294,0.000019651095,0.080328636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937884,5.6842396e-7,0.004859385,0.000014965227,0.00020796253,0.000008640277,0.0000048437705,0.000017416922,0.0010978124],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991276,0.000026923299,0.00020911392,0.00014600178,0.00027342353,0.00021693406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999317,0.000030021936,0.00008574515,0.00037048207,0.00009701041,0.00009972257],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000810077,0.00012050995,0.00015268197,0.000019096899,0.000054126795,0.00003640437,0.0003159061,0.000035403456,0.000056529778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014193102,0.00009021249,0.00010492505,0.000104392966,0.00012754045,0.00008459878,0.00020338503,0.00012609268,0.000014140502],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044067336,0.0009155998,0.022970423,0.00007332849,0.00024848775,0.0000062166273,0.0033494479,0.0032930872,0.14270641,0.82080823,0.0032893948,0.0022952927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006424061,0.000724122,0.004223333,0.00037310476,0.00042391615,0.000019419973,0.014179911,0.013784565,0.82811856,0.089013256,0.04086564,0.001850103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000132928735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1113313e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.731795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019025909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006376861,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36787587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2256056079","doi":"10.1063/1.4941539","title":"Universal spin-momentum locked optical forces","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Optical force; Spin (aerodynamics); Quantum electrodynamics; Spin polarization; Orbital angular momentum of light; Transverse plane; Momentum (technical analysis); Polarization (electrochemistry); Classical mechanics; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Optical tweezers; Electron","score_opus":0.005880289774173722,"score_gpt":0.20520141162073569,"score_spread":0.19932112184656198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2256056079","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8960939,0.000005163004,0.06683662,0.0016059353,0.0002597415,0.0002540457,0.000031178006,0.00008730343,0.034826092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99763393,7.2195536e-7,0.00077742175,0.00035725764,0.0006006815,0.000031531024,0.00003083835,0.000042159118,0.00052543776],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878526,0.00001105645,0.0001827403,0.00034399112,0.00022048099,0.000456456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937093,0.00007079809,0.000086217435,0.00034996748,0.00002175229,0.00010033623],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050755578,0.00024476254,0.00020414802,0.00003327404,0.00009994949,0.000048187325,0.00026737413,0.000030647938,0.0003061856],"category_scores_gemma":[9.005751e-7,0.00018994286,0.00012519927,0.00014252364,0.00019087235,0.00015988288,0.00014214194,0.00011780819,0.00073827634],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016858263,0.00011188484,0.0011899481,0.000006546177,0.00012692568,0.000002519326,0.00010890957,0.00006193846,0.5164905,0.46002167,0.0057588797,0.016103385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051933397,0.00013049172,0.0011404904,0.00008358187,0.00022293719,0.000001398539,0.0009230788,0.000090403104,0.9277248,0.035133783,0.027525267,0.001830455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000102024915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.1098311e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4248879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005304874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022265156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94892955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2262214940","doi":"10.1103/physreva.94.043811","title":"Modeling of space-time focusing of localized nondiffracting pulses","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"A priori and a posteriori; Diffraction; Optics; Space (punctuation); Pulse (music); Computer science; Space time; Physics; Spacetime; Engineering","score_opus":0.013702087842698815,"score_gpt":0.33489759225710436,"score_spread":0.32119550441440553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2262214940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92328906,0.032141965,0.03083709,0.0017354225,0.00013126932,0.0019263999,0.0001456999,0.000081782375,0.009711295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893015,0.008892879,0.0007757833,0.00014474272,0.0005824431,0.00007987237,0.000018925646,0.00007431429,0.00012952434],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967787,0.00024317672,0.0010788809,0.00058264175,0.00073750806,0.00057909236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972238,0.000597381,0.0007466882,0.0008533652,0.00034407453,0.0002347172],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000422555,0.00051802385,0.0021988899,0.000053792875,0.00007292241,0.000015742793,0.00049253873,0.000030846164,0.00023306624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041089876,0.0003409132,0.0012346931,0.00057218777,0.00021114579,0.00037002825,0.00030872694,0.00027805197,0.00031732256],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055376902,0.0032438983,0.0011608413,0.016651344,0.0005721501,0.000004970008,0.00014907031,0.00010091598,0.7457508,0.06752326,0.0007575874,0.16402978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0030556845,0.0009861429,0.00013532185,0.18617202,0.0045438292,0.000006628219,0.00007469077,0.075713724,0.47560728,0.23604833,0.014517442,0.003138907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005947881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4784447e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27014354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054772452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010886996,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999043},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268715759","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.117.013601","title":"Optical Polarization Möbius Strips and Points of Purely Transverse Spin Density","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":155,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Transverse plane; Optics; Ellipse; Electric field; Gaussian beam; Circular polarization; STRIPS; Topology (electrical circuits); Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics; Materials science","score_opus":0.008697841456794846,"score_gpt":0.25113510789588595,"score_spread":0.2424372664390911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2268715759","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847626,0.00029513327,0.008216991,0.0061692907,0.000043055083,0.00023174382,0.000025767069,0.0000127510275,0.00024262877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984881,0.00011988913,0.00048663426,0.0007441261,0.00011662889,0.0000067561487,0.00000806896,0.000012367789,0.000017416032],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920166,0.00005469696,0.00020139715,0.00019294083,0.00017807176,0.00017126552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953604,0.00008026442,0.00008373282,0.00017940835,0.00003269435,0.00008785699],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010193972,0.00013274168,0.00029096773,0.000017483062,0.000031973294,0.000009329851,0.00008961086,0.000007925726,0.00005992365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002143855,0.000091157504,0.00013356456,0.00009348947,0.00011862627,0.00012957331,0.000040767005,0.0000937433,0.00004275192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026881507,0.0005340879,0.020000916,0.00088243233,0.00018408835,0.0000062691274,0.0001486634,0.0000025786796,0.82203203,0.10318277,0.0012765711,0.051722687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01238916,0.0016579512,0.259294,0.021406839,0.0042078444,0.000029502502,0.0002463215,0.0018022317,0.6096305,0.051207595,0.032665215,0.005462801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010535146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9984851e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23929307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016333246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011291158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3717295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2271068203","doi":"","title":"Optical trapping of mesoscopic transparent/metallic particles by spatially structured laser beam and characterization of trapped RBCs","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Laser; Materials science; Beam (structure); Trapping; Plasmon; Optoelectronics; Birefringence; Physics","score_opus":0.011314960078072351,"score_gpt":0.22834009050815302,"score_spread":0.21702513043008068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2271068203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965096,0.00004814776,0.0013014395,0.000009428585,0.00012554212,0.00031117105,0.00021024252,0.000012937989,0.0014714816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99551135,0.000017594011,0.0004509125,0.0000039793163,0.000039104438,0.000018261338,0.0028068428,0.000032303054,0.0011196594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885166,0.000022483388,0.000518426,0.00023735744,0.00019570654,0.0001743567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937046,0.000018592484,0.0003058022,0.00015546563,0.000079256446,0.000070456495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047306457,0.00024073436,0.00045327737,0.000066144785,0.000029098386,0.000018192633,0.000115852854,0.00012186001,0.0005673524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000020730015,0.0002230805,0.000109504144,0.000090764144,0.00006050315,0.00010289757,0.0000089216155,0.00011682496,0.0000012918982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008134805,0.0002838612,0.0031655517,0.0003958251,0.0003473897,2.9053174e-7,0.0015059552,0.0000027935528,0.98010767,0.0046105213,0.000008070296,0.009490723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047250974,0.00012260204,0.015833601,0.00009730016,0.00025656796,1.0850349e-7,0.00035644873,0.00006941275,0.981453,0.0010837065,0.00003695518,0.00021779524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000078338366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024760151,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012668049,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004918503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045176705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90969586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2272433758","doi":"10.1103/physreva.93.063864","title":"Controlling the topological charge of twisted light beams with propagation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Topological quantum number; Angular momentum; Physics; Rotation (mathematics); Sign (mathematics); Optics; Light beam; Phase (matter); Charge (physics); Optical vortex; Ray; Topology (electrical circuits); Classical mechanics; Computer science; Engineering; Quantum mechanics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.010949841806334865,"score_gpt":0.3050016644312174,"score_spread":0.29405182262488255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2272433758","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84693736,0.06365007,0.023736326,0.03409073,0.0002887054,0.00890688,0.00021629126,0.00022102952,0.021952601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99196213,0.005761589,0.000107153115,0.0007133128,0.0007379883,0.00041736662,0.000022256036,0.000041459385,0.00023673785],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997382,0.0002873799,0.0006481316,0.00051927014,0.00067014806,0.0004930617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99772716,0.00048046286,0.000567245,0.0007661703,0.00027873626,0.00018025184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003822159,0.00044108272,0.0013441311,0.000019857165,0.00011549383,0.000024049892,0.00051408715,0.00002487847,0.00021249591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018353252,0.00018646408,0.00065986236,0.00046868736,0.00031671452,0.00020869251,0.00014432558,0.00029567594,0.00039600427],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010294033,0.0031273996,0.0020603081,0.0053067245,0.00053725234,0.0000072134294,0.00016302976,0.0000021941019,0.19509678,0.700099,0.002227609,0.09126957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0064138463,0.004489603,0.0025286064,0.099603795,0.0061096065,0.000020067315,0.00009830422,0.0023896503,0.3685804,0.2459715,0.25974193,0.004052691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010940203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.3147768e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4541275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000443915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006513615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7603784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2287367731","doi":"10.1088/2040-8978/18/5/054015","title":"Multiplexing free-space channels using twisted light","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Multiplexing; Interferometry; State (computer science); Optical communication; Momentum (technical analysis); Modulation (music); Frequency-division multiplexing","score_opus":0.01902936348166715,"score_gpt":0.2534616360269516,"score_spread":0.23443227254528445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2287367731","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9099,0.00013173693,0.082458265,0.0019559818,0.0014497072,0.00009494984,0.000025117391,0.0000130698645,0.0039711427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9714005,0.000005435225,0.026370784,0.000019448162,0.0013331381,4.419589e-7,4.8052556e-7,0.000026317317,0.0008434517],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989743,0.00002576177,0.00039428688,0.00009204398,0.0002693586,0.00024424773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988912,0.00007439025,0.00043626406,0.00022206033,0.00024358211,0.00013254637],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019597178,0.0001382928,0.00022859419,0.00009477575,0.00006412337,0.000060365495,0.00027179084,0.000039137936,0.00012763117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004771518,0.00009138954,0.00016873248,0.00010973905,0.00004014502,0.0002796896,0.000106763095,0.00014774248,0.000016160142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016674028,0.0010278063,0.03075216,0.00007155962,0.0011509513,0.00021553673,0.0021469009,0.0050402516,0.8368831,0.10570767,0.0048207575,0.01201655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016101692,0.0016161544,0.0014674972,0.0026553134,0.00079271686,0.00045056053,0.0040182653,0.025630735,0.7801516,0.09680945,0.06784114,0.0024648514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004234633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8630222e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063020386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006566283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063354164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37267575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2295947563","doi":"10.1109/jlt.2015.2506461","title":"Orbital-Angular-Momentum Polarization Mode Dispersion in Optical Fibers","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"CorActive (Canada); Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Polarization mode dispersion; Optics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optical fiber; Physics; Dispersion (optics); Single-mode optical fiber; Orbital angular momentum of light; Materials science; Total angular momentum quantum number","score_opus":0.009347039871256603,"score_gpt":0.2541224471469135,"score_spread":0.24477540727565691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2295947563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986958,0.00015015328,0.0061552566,0.0025941243,0.00038058247,0.00010428716,0.0000050711556,0.000023969515,0.003628517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939632,0.0000027959522,0.005441511,0.000018234827,0.00016750189,0.0000024556887,0.0000074291775,0.000019185518,0.0003776841],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987362,0.000027693597,0.00052580377,0.00014392013,0.00028907,0.00027731474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991781,0.000022249766,0.00029182443,0.00019768871,0.0001827274,0.0001274215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023552355,0.00014966783,0.0003069995,0.00053323933,0.000029854853,0.000026985383,0.00027157873,0.00014052523,0.000060514238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045555247,0.00012778692,0.000098731674,0.00047019895,0.00010143831,0.00024608558,0.00012553867,0.00042239646,0.000034860695],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032809202,0.0024387136,0.39567822,0.000039032802,0.00043646988,0.00063978013,0.0018997237,0.00161711,0.080677375,0.49766147,0.004902259,0.013681765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01338424,0.0049118,0.0074138627,0.0005570674,0.00040427234,0.00081339455,0.01675579,0.010135576,0.28619602,0.6331236,0.024348503,0.0019558799],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015083343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018544054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38826436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015853655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000100456615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5210999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2302016495","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00288","title":"Characterization of Individual Magnetic Nanoparticles in Solution by Double Nanohole Optical Tweezers","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Remanence; Superparamagnetism; Optical tweezers; Magnetic nanoparticles; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Magnetic field; Nanotechnology; Refractive index; Magnetic force microscope; Optics; Optoelectronics; Magnetization; Physics","score_opus":0.007264485445987654,"score_gpt":0.20471698284494141,"score_spread":0.19745249739895376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2302016495","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99633586,0.000012055569,0.0010376028,0.0020486435,0.0001193218,0.00015099559,0.00005774457,0.0000144440955,0.00022330899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933076,0.0000012940792,0.00021163785,0.00013260657,0.00005664734,0.000021545056,0.000049235812,0.000014364057,0.00018192154],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990793,0.000025159015,0.00024866013,0.00017621212,0.00021154029,0.00025917043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996887,0.000023124932,0.000080254795,0.00014124595,0.00001874201,0.000047971254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011166345,0.000109974004,0.00013398562,0.0000652907,0.000027565,0.000023333012,0.00013711209,0.000034148838,0.00017041614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002539353,0.000088913555,0.000045510424,0.0001354699,0.000102878184,0.00019579548,0.00005745145,0.000041045238,0.0000479738],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020304473,0.0001052463,0.018838838,0.0000054166617,0.000010805867,6.3319027e-7,0.00011936581,0.0000012237888,0.9735257,0.001132444,0.00032038338,0.0059196516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012605237,0.000062482264,0.009922872,0.000036995858,0.000015787948,3.3240076e-7,0.000029677125,0.000007489768,0.9877457,0.00008171308,0.00069863745,0.00013779345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026534184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.1106697e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014220008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033535514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015389282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36257896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2313302221","doi":"10.4006/0836-1398-26.2.212","title":"A theorem relating irrotational velocity to conservation of probability density in quantum mechanics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics Essays","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Conservative vector field; Physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Quantum statistical mechanics; Conservation law; Probability amplitude; Statistical physics; Quantum; Mechanics; Quantum dynamics; Quantum process","score_opus":0.0165524458120441,"score_gpt":0.23295413564796694,"score_spread":0.21640168983592284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2313302221","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9315108,0.000001853902,0.062439278,0.00023252182,0.00006475285,0.0004981022,0.000019631376,0.000016283155,0.005216798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938728,8.9190976e-8,0.0058799786,0.000050424675,0.00006317202,0.0000691476,0.000032488228,0.000012445429,0.000019456931],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905884,0.000060465114,0.00029170114,0.00020235198,0.0002052018,0.0001814549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999246,0.00012108038,0.00014272849,0.00020889335,0.0002299572,0.000051322037],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023802127,0.00012019518,0.00018371311,0.000026422711,0.000053225274,0.00002294151,0.000114468,0.000028433791,0.00009346758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038495276,0.00012303946,0.00006155532,0.000259637,0.000033753317,0.00021286262,0.000095445765,0.00013980507,0.00005251652],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006029722,0.00019905604,0.041357335,0.000023543987,0.000014332674,1.127636e-7,0.00067159254,0.0010568392,0.004216288,0.9508048,0.00006443083,0.0015855823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018753081,0.000026935482,0.008941654,0.000025936783,0.00000680548,7.5183166e-8,0.00020081557,0.06245496,0.0035677517,0.9244654,0.0000032739867,0.00011882614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079490215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015622163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062362015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057888265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005820924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50174034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2314332922","doi":"10.4006/1.3523946","title":"A new concept of light: Solving the problems of invariance of speed of light and wave-particle duality","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics Essays","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Duality (order theory); Wave–particle duality; Theoretical physics; Particle (ecology); Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Pure mathematics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.029864428793639854,"score_gpt":0.22760403688020162,"score_spread":0.19773960808656177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2314332922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9543271,0.00020739021,0.0050204205,0.00011171155,0.00007854742,0.0003182138,0.00004950617,0.000007647117,0.039879464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99868613,0.0000022611027,0.001128588,0.000004359829,0.00006742275,0.000002628385,0.0000023618322,0.000012346278,0.00009390948],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991019,0.00004085674,0.00039174422,0.00013705758,0.00017878361,0.00014970376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899393,0.00005397102,0.00044952796,0.0003299425,0.00012723262,0.00004537785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015233562,0.0001168087,0.00031500342,0.0000107766655,0.000027363134,0.000005723622,0.0001631516,0.00002238116,0.00008079669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000726921,0.000089315094,0.000090564215,0.0001629282,0.00013802048,0.0001279533,0.00013891576,0.00007830638,0.0000012768244],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021428448,0.00041073273,0.0124268895,0.00017701021,0.00015261726,2.1323653e-7,0.015129332,0.000032802058,0.2434015,0.72604483,0.00010310628,0.0020995499],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038299945,0.00009089464,0.00095206295,0.00008690226,0.00005784537,1.5167777e-7,0.0005306272,0.00041396637,0.8131061,0.18427797,0.000015501993,0.00008498628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048150143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033470815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5697046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000045858746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050188137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3642164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2315721109","doi":"10.1109/tase.2015.2411271","title":"Automated Translational and Rotational Control of Biological Cells With a Robot-Aided Optical Tweezers Manipulation System","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Rotation around a fixed axis; Biological cell; Holography; Rotation (mathematics); Tweezers; Angular displacement; Robot; Computer science; Computer vision; Optics; Physics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence; Biomedical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Acoustics","score_opus":0.017332777390521702,"score_gpt":0.22713370331948526,"score_spread":0.20980092592896357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2315721109","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4078424,0.0000034606583,0.5917488,0.000037354257,0.00006745769,0.00011140662,0.000011652908,0.00008842791,0.00008908805],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906107,2.9924666e-7,0.009336144,0.0000048511015,0.000015696893,0.000018355715,0.00000330037,0.0000059498543,0.0000046565356],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919415,0.000010223508,0.00018292546,0.00016069812,0.00032611002,0.00012588949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995857,0.000055046115,0.000046682733,0.00006107473,0.00014612125,0.00010535984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024143052,0.000096933334,0.00011771644,0.00014946962,0.00008587308,0.000049922153,0.000047819474,0.000027549675,0.0000060595726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026165344,0.00008091147,0.000018345889,0.0002855784,0.00012475591,0.0003085021,8.23729e-7,0.00006254912,0.0000026150194],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024057683,0.00005114495,0.00035905154,0.000025422822,0.000028317208,5.862263e-7,0.00033139973,0.9429414,0.04591626,0.008222036,0.0000018673402,0.002098438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065713836,0.00009507703,0.00587499,0.00003508173,0.000018742918,0.000005840725,0.00026108272,0.9770712,0.015843604,0.000034155666,0.0000033888844,0.00009964234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009280567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.9628984e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5827684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003693295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006737215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3299474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316831545","doi":"10.1364/ls.2015.lm3i.3","title":"Guiding Discharges along Curved Paths","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Electric field; Optics; Laser beams; Laser; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.04371906722117368,"score_gpt":0.2590118470252738,"score_spread":0.2152927798041001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316831545","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73027164,0.00005537126,0.0084910765,0.00043741154,0.00037843257,0.00010135355,0.000011672763,0.00007008983,0.26018292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9908697,2.9459778e-7,0.0022154641,0.000033537566,0.00028815246,0.00000769306,0.00002088776,0.00001260639,0.0065516415],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994441,0.00001466626,0.00011980001,0.000120516255,0.00012614205,0.00017472699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996434,0.000014006795,0.000030835425,0.00015508298,0.000043564036,0.00011310482],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000116083116,0.0000871301,0.00008750445,0.000019151454,0.000038073566,0.00004893907,0.000100738485,0.000013456245,0.00048565277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000068729055,0.000070480804,0.000049052138,0.00006156487,0.000018033481,0.00013382552,0.00008225257,0.00003701116,0.0003855133],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059375957,0.00021247982,0.4534127,0.0000066365233,0.00008831772,0.000005065845,0.00084447436,0.000041509742,0.0017420675,0.508787,0.026246492,0.008607323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006271677,0.000609278,0.021547694,0.00013166679,0.00021349805,0.000009711942,0.030985713,0.012900559,0.14995028,0.38124153,0.392586,0.0035524177],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016462627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021474746,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43186504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013717375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024733643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5317557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2319091325","doi":"10.1364/fio.2012.fw4a.3","title":"Photon efficient wavefront sensing using an SLM for polarization-based weak measurements","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Wavefront; Adaptive optics; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Photon; Free-space optical communication; Wavefront sensor; Photon counting; Deformable mirror; Computer science; Optical communication","score_opus":0.04910308604026247,"score_gpt":0.281326710241782,"score_spread":0.23222362420151954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2319091325","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59505504,0.000011660908,0.4015787,0.000015874703,0.00029033932,0.00029224987,0.000015619973,0.000026234005,0.0027143215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9573715,9.968293e-9,0.041951824,0.000053794454,0.0002873256,0.000004047929,0.00007625486,0.000027944709,0.0002272987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990826,0.000026751613,0.00017316431,0.00015473159,0.00020428504,0.00035846213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948555,0.000020442396,0.000071811926,0.00019100428,0.000102053964,0.00012916484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002185734,0.00013796012,0.00011627213,0.000046969355,0.00017015837,0.000052956606,0.000062103296,0.000027981114,0.00013141034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000052976707,0.00012826253,0.000075342316,0.00007512534,0.000019612758,0.00012238843,0.000022572372,0.000046595556,0.000013659676],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009008291,0.003942027,0.28939983,0.000108902765,0.00033413642,3.8732844e-7,0.0014381008,0.04879867,0.6210699,0.023756009,0.00026039057,0.01080158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009943132,0.00006715408,0.0011345984,0.000027707429,0.00009822201,4.094732e-7,0.0005770317,0.71828896,0.27694985,0.00028632424,0.001176748,0.00039870504],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017125167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002047651,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6694903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007657018,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004332398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52303946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2319316139","doi":"10.1021/ph5000314","title":"Label-Free Free-Solution Single-Molecule Protein–Small Molecule Interaction Observed by Double-Nanohole Plasmonic Trapping","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Streptavidin; Small molecule; Molecule; Trapping; Plasmon; Nanotechnology; Biomolecule; Optical tweezers; Biotin; Materials science; Biophysics; Chemical physics; Protein Array Analysis; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Physics; Optics; Biochemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.025882245469279124,"score_gpt":0.2271116956762776,"score_spread":0.20122945020699848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2319316139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97154975,0.00010359041,0.008403312,0.00047802686,0.00035651558,0.00074998534,0.00007528402,0.00014241113,0.018141126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946437,0.0000041839494,0.0031020667,0.00013034405,0.000113306945,0.00017343895,0.00026377547,0.00008299966,0.0014861946],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803853,0.00008168113,0.00044429544,0.00052003836,0.0003211327,0.000594338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983608,0.000050946022,0.00028805537,0.0010242538,0.00012651244,0.00014940932],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023755695,0.0003624182,0.00030568606,0.00007364713,0.00022060818,0.00019419662,0.0006971738,0.00013350966,0.000092472146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035906756,0.00039502757,0.0001497399,0.0002633415,0.000074099895,0.0003107145,0.00036709898,0.00041770976,0.00008636122],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010723022,0.00080033543,0.00016945759,0.000054135726,0.0001460585,0.0000027066706,0.00022146235,0.00014207557,0.9852416,0.008250791,0.0030778365,0.001786331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032418338,0.00034028606,0.000015534639,0.00010021505,0.000067827394,0.0000025458621,0.00013375853,0.0142158,0.9642067,0.002900023,0.014249722,0.00052578194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003438643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000517955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023093943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001702546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006292063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985015},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2320780285","doi":"10.1364/ntm.2015.nm4c.5","title":"Optical Trapping and Raman Spectroscopy of a Single MS2 Bacteriophage","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics in the Life Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Raman spectroscopy; Trapping; Optical tweezers; Materials science; Spectroscopy; Trap (plumbing); Photon; Aperture (computer memory); Optics; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.04045774631606749,"score_gpt":0.280566977832707,"score_spread":0.24010923151663952,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2320780285","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9445287,0.00011782588,0.0005688345,0.000616393,0.00012362057,0.00009670444,0.0000037307245,0.0000053236977,0.053938862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98862565,0.0000030278745,0.011142761,0.000054170076,0.000117883625,0.0000036695135,0.0000010265313,0.0000042437273,0.000047590314],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913234,0.000039442693,0.0001875435,0.0001577612,0.00027064257,0.00021226311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958944,0.00010146297,0.00006656859,0.00014101017,0.000024988665,0.00007651213],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070841925,0.00008826322,0.00013568379,0.00005293449,0.00006950462,0.00009169752,0.00031452687,0.000018804629,0.00001740799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044999717,0.0000608047,0.000028682813,0.00027301625,0.00055076124,0.00013815328,0.000085850246,0.00009541687,0.0000047444523],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043696193,0.0012530237,0.05664346,0.00006157011,0.00006751949,0.000013921246,0.016070513,0.0008224079,0.10714282,0.81482893,0.0005080261,0.0025441083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055370783,0.005957874,0.028381154,0.0005168484,0.00028249473,0.000048490016,0.13989876,0.039697025,0.28087673,0.4933751,0.0031761497,0.002252291],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001927806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017855319,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32145384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008240177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006528693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24795438},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2323872151","doi":"10.1021/nl501424d","title":"Ultrasensitive Diagnostic Analysis of Au Nanoparticles Optically Trapped in Silicon Photonic Circuits at Sub-Milliwatt Powers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nanometre; Trapping; Materials science; Silicon; Photonics; Nanoparticle; Optoelectronics; Electronic circuit; Particle (ecology); Silicon photonics; Transmission (telecommunications); Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.005161963535821637,"score_gpt":0.20706652575482382,"score_spread":0.2019045622190022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2323872151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981155,0.000016284697,0.0003324118,0.00047981224,0.00009552172,0.00020300542,0.000048134847,0.000017641978,0.00069170824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99944174,0.0000022696815,0.000057639627,0.0003282487,0.00004531046,0.000019596819,0.00006298551,0.000022213098,0.000020006193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984117,0.00011218815,0.0004033652,0.00034818257,0.0002634319,0.00046112158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986999,0.00068451284,0.00014082869,0.00031618573,0.000043077715,0.00011550772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023143546,0.00021180738,0.00044717465,0.00025035994,0.000058208552,0.000021469841,0.0001562641,0.000047411635,0.000121355835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000071153205,0.00021160273,0.00025939487,0.0006914488,0.00018355416,0.00008478665,0.000048057882,0.0000992658,0.000043529886],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011060246,0.0001445643,0.18665382,0.000009784833,0.00034837323,0.0000062326803,0.0006761797,0.0015960508,0.8092838,0.0005086709,0.0000388662,0.0007225947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084440975,0.00009293605,0.17897823,0.000039480594,0.0005764342,6.812984e-7,0.0002759444,0.001146927,0.81758684,0.00006972537,0.000054559587,0.00033382032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000266468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010397081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008303056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014581713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030869935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8628909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2328260324","doi":"10.1364/fio.2015.ftu3e.3","title":"Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometry with Twisted Light","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Interferometry; Optics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Interference (communication); Quantum optics; Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Ghost imaging; Orbital motion; Quantum mechanics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011479258772911623,"score_gpt":0.216456410888048,"score_spread":0.2049771521151364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2328260324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8237297,0.000070032445,0.0030639686,0.00036099882,0.000101301266,0.000097042976,0.0000052004957,0.00004511432,0.17252666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98839754,2.436953e-7,0.0018231191,0.00005861049,0.000114386195,0.0000057401626,0.000010355708,0.000014610773,0.009575386],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994746,0.000010390077,0.00009519838,0.0001529256,0.00011534634,0.00015153727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996034,0.0000111104755,0.000029828801,0.00015794649,0.000052847234,0.00014487818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000052929936,0.0001096854,0.000113711765,0.00004342548,0.000023602513,0.00006496833,0.00007540126,0.000018678384,0.00028441395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000021010615,0.000077635035,0.00001935949,0.000117945,0.000044638262,0.00011268294,0.00008596413,0.00007786205,0.00006976087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002834083,0.0012113819,0.6746938,0.000083563704,0.00082126143,0.000046660727,0.0050188885,0.0000303364,0.006860414,0.21362229,0.065613925,0.03171406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02272451,0.00816268,0.051337358,0.0005598329,0.0006947289,0.00016162558,0.046498623,0.003762137,0.30392036,0.086376876,0.46962744,0.006173845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004999787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002866622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62335646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013085203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019407464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3165865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2329047097","doi":"10.1021/nl2031458","title":"Enhanced Optical Trapping and Arrangement of Nano-Objects in a Plasmonic Nanocavity","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"KU Leuven; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; University of Victoria","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Plasmon; Trapping; Nanoscopic scale; Materials science; Nanopore; Nanotechnology; Micrometer; Optoelectronics; Dielectric; Trap (plumbing); Nanophotonics; Figure of merit; Nanometre; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.012305005596996934,"score_gpt":0.20634713531098284,"score_spread":0.1940421297139859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2329047097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99314356,0.000026519216,0.0013782673,0.0001313213,0.00010410711,0.00016878414,0.000004940896,0.00001010038,0.005032375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982926,0.0000020517532,0.0014946219,0.0001180019,0.000030930736,0.000021128073,0.0000030484068,0.000012130626,0.000025439278],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991894,0.000023087036,0.00021360796,0.00019968995,0.00012673678,0.00024747956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968714,0.000031872703,0.000067849,0.00014991252,0.000012998053,0.000050228675],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010179027,0.00012620554,0.00018806722,0.000071158756,0.00002662403,0.000010330839,0.00009633121,0.00002939291,0.00008756758],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004009376,0.00012410349,0.00005545246,0.000113195005,0.0000915499,0.000085218286,0.000055105305,0.00007978152,0.000008804855],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025440726,0.00015269048,0.01046156,0.000029341563,0.00003635705,0.0000035025662,0.0019135462,0.000007258292,0.982036,0.0028383215,0.000027369673,0.0024686109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008155005,0.00007878574,0.009712036,0.00006892529,0.000019906376,5.551533e-7,0.00034252484,0.000019636054,0.9882319,0.00048135172,0.000045687226,0.0001831722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009302147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008642693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0061959187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024996812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015602272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5060793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330140683","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.113.153901","title":"Creating High-Harmonic Beams with Controlled Orbital Angular Momentum","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum coupling; Angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Azimuthal quantum number; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Orbital motion; Harmonics; Optics; High harmonic generation; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Laser","score_opus":0.005576453066543111,"score_gpt":0.23353913909550883,"score_spread":0.22796268602896572,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2330140683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98460263,0.0011360489,0.0052034887,0.004195933,0.00010995406,0.00089422095,0.0000110902965,0.0000755856,0.00377107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99546474,0.000030005918,0.0007489173,0.0025661653,0.0007775993,0.00019771236,0.000049798407,0.000049558712,0.00011550085],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982914,0.000119167744,0.00034666815,0.00038814146,0.0003971929,0.000457428],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989586,0.00017364127,0.00023349939,0.00042803472,0.000050901323,0.00015531131],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020876354,0.00033656508,0.0008449581,0.000029530545,0.00012142645,0.00007013465,0.00025074338,0.000007991087,0.00018052835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021087124,0.00024001063,0.0003076994,0.00020205202,0.00010344922,0.0001712172,0.00008233596,0.00024368068,0.00023814528],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009888742,0.008302585,0.025115484,0.009696407,0.007584318,0.00017581921,0.0020803972,0.0043306747,0.23147875,0.61556655,0.03694834,0.05773183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.19490983,0.015009208,0.029756421,0.07147466,0.02938743,0.00014631145,0.0019370829,0.16565517,0.112464756,0.115348674,0.22955035,0.034360126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054533233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0384951e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50021785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004050101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017459686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97873497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330943458","doi":"10.1364/ol.41.001605","title":"Ultrafast rotating dipole or propeller-shaped patterns: subwavelength shaping of a beam of light on a femtosecond time scale","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Optics; Optical vortex; Physics; Femtosecond; Light beam; Vortex; Dipole; Beam (structure); Angular momentum; Electric field; Optical force; Propeller; Polarization (electrochemistry); Ultrashort pulse; Optical tweezers; Laser","score_opus":0.010930527130978059,"score_gpt":0.2160771056209286,"score_spread":0.20514657848995055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2330943458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99417424,0.0000046211485,0.001803758,0.0008091679,0.00008403804,0.00029238165,0.00013969284,0.00001909451,0.0026730145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963536,0.0000018529506,0.0019180799,0.00015817957,0.00017978068,0.00001807202,0.000013671701,0.000047398888,0.0013093551],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998593,0.000032596403,0.00046460552,0.00028674444,0.00027717047,0.000345899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990408,0.00014838453,0.00032567585,0.00033561522,0.00006862414,0.00008091543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013351333,0.00022957344,0.00034234082,0.00008944838,0.000055154567,0.000026958034,0.00024765558,0.00003919081,0.000799988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001636365,0.00015624668,0.00013856693,0.00012272253,0.00009575943,0.00012776838,0.00008779513,0.00011731078,0.00012405658],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006809683,0.0003094926,0.01491249,0.00012400984,0.00015893861,0.0000048107277,0.0007019855,0.00004103049,0.9779129,0.00038604258,0.00013285562,0.005247332],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018607706,0.0005311173,0.002303362,0.0011978779,0.00008519343,0.000002635511,0.00041490895,0.001614132,0.99106604,0.00011423023,0.0002607989,0.0005489245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016092428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011416856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013153133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026422158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033174194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8759307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2331267504","doi":"10.1021/nl404233z","title":"Quantification of High-Efficiency Trapping of Nanoparticles in a Double Nanohole Optical Tweezer","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":184,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Brownian motion; Materials science; Optical force; Stiffness; Laser; Laser power scaling; Molecular physics; Dielectric; Trap (plumbing); Optics; Nanoparticle; Brownian dynamics; Optical power; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.010970318656503,"score_gpt":0.2296123706153562,"score_spread":0.2186420519588532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2331267504","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898834,0.000008926887,0.008365054,0.00067723845,0.000095290576,0.00012007561,0.0000039399633,0.000008554324,0.000837482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988119,2.3971666e-7,0.0010420727,0.00004190918,0.000038879367,0.00001068939,0.0000072513117,0.000010007873,0.00003705415],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991316,0.000027705473,0.00032591601,0.00016110494,0.00016796909,0.00018566356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995635,0.00004843424,0.000117361335,0.00021044012,0.000030181953,0.00003009642],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020357108,0.000088147535,0.00018533616,0.00008279381,0.00002185555,0.000011118212,0.00013575223,0.000024707939,0.000041334933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005877692,0.00008458863,0.000060377406,0.00021595605,0.000104479164,0.00007975199,0.000029124396,0.000052019623,0.000013767254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014995192,0.00019298017,0.0076569538,0.000020911226,0.000009941499,1.8492095e-7,0.00020844843,0.0009586694,0.9229944,0.066613466,0.00004385159,0.0012852349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008159618,0.000049024038,0.0058347527,0.000041646745,0.000013731757,1.7559216e-7,0.00009451025,0.00051804015,0.9917994,0.0005527258,0.000171486,0.00010855252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016154157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000213023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.068805024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013558732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000134576985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34494242},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2331579841","doi":"10.1021/la303940a","title":"Influence of Electrostatic Forces on Particle Propulsion in the Evanescent Field of Silver Ion-Exchanged Waveguides","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada; Government of Ontario; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Ionic strength; Ion; Electrostatics; Chemistry; Ionic bonding; Particle (ecology); RADIUS; Charged particle; Dipole; Aqueous solution; Waveguide; Dielectric; Propulsion; Chemical physics; Molecular physics; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Optoelectronics; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.006223797243409281,"score_gpt":0.24076836000632887,"score_spread":0.2345445627629196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2331579841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982195,0.00002172363,0.000011570288,0.00054614845,0.000012900283,0.00024301576,0.0000033387257,0.0000038908147,0.0009379013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99965906,0.0000011611972,0.000050450777,0.00011163158,0.000028491335,0.000033672488,0.000004231873,0.000004732058,0.000106594496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947125,0.000030039822,0.00015842501,0.000074025214,0.00013702174,0.00012922328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996726,0.0000743027,0.0000694862,0.0001342664,0.000036259054,0.000013093529],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000735111,0.000061828505,0.000094457995,0.00001995366,0.000019644083,0.000008673426,0.000112745096,0.0000147827495,0.00009434169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010973244,0.000038786875,0.000032031745,0.00010439505,0.00002564356,0.000063445565,0.000022077225,0.00006221397,0.000021067362],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000912769,0.0013877589,0.43844864,0.00034239364,0.000075467826,0.0000037823224,0.013994196,0.0011862057,0.4689378,0.059051733,0.0027302103,0.013750529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005231721,0.0005872183,0.24203849,0.00012810875,0.000018575964,4.6520495e-7,0.0016614347,0.0012951393,0.74193907,0.011388782,0.00026398155,0.00015556042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048372542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008020519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27300125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006369938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061212495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15816829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2332373408","doi":"10.1109/ecoc.2014.6964195","title":"Exciting OAM modes in annular-core fibers via perfect OAM beams","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Optics; Multiplexing; Core (optical fiber); Physics; Coupling (piping); Spatial light modulator; Ring (chemistry); Telecommunications; Computer science; Materials science; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.007524603007289622,"score_gpt":0.2231200767579752,"score_spread":0.21559547375068558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2332373408","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8468352,0.000020243955,0.022093726,0.00015120736,0.000100681886,0.00011450737,0.000004617708,0.000040930867,0.13063891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915028,4.3063406e-7,0.0046331226,0.00008164007,0.00027603476,0.000016408132,0.00002648053,0.00002326766,0.003439808],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991243,0.00002774733,0.00018630462,0.00022112913,0.00012558214,0.00031493625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958766,0.000057606474,0.00004528748,0.0002101038,0.000026178608,0.00007319096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015781769,0.00015132474,0.00016301064,0.000050308892,0.000071228584,0.000043221888,0.00013449225,0.00003625901,0.0006891972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006831805,0.00014077274,0.000085594285,0.00011773553,0.00004559258,0.0001472628,0.000081408114,0.00014896214,0.00016085121],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018414514,0.00049452076,0.47984457,0.00008340552,0.000103591745,0.0000077593895,0.0014147761,0.009044384,0.0136170555,0.3759397,0.0016019244,0.11782991],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033444073,0.00058107206,0.0413241,0.00026692453,0.000092873815,0.000012055154,0.0055976114,0.6390964,0.04920846,0.24068768,0.017466607,0.0023218472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004528394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013269678,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.630052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003133232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013061466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7546226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2334457191","doi":"10.1364/fio.2013.fm3f.4","title":"Superdense Coding with Vector Vortex Beams: A Classical Analogy of Entanglement","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Physics; Analogy; Polarization (electrochemistry); Quantum mechanics; Optical vortex; Vortex; Quantum; Classical mechanics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.005819828463062806,"score_gpt":0.20509574829263383,"score_spread":0.19927591982957102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2334457191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96859443,0.000007820594,0.0052816346,0.00039641996,0.000056257646,0.00021784542,0.00001153365,0.000016605956,0.025417427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99538016,3.166993e-7,0.0025513538,0.000039545437,0.00008863812,0.00002648361,0.000014644658,0.000012059946,0.001886814],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931604,0.000015452924,0.0001772696,0.00014116593,0.000149454,0.00020063044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996117,0.000033754433,0.00004753885,0.00016637688,0.00006592619,0.00007471885],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034012748,0.000104864645,0.00015796674,0.000030554344,0.000029043353,0.00002358592,0.00008677092,0.000017002161,0.005662769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001540374,0.00007571258,0.000053246542,0.00007719782,0.00007260784,0.00007645022,0.00005398637,0.00006660768,0.00011878416],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037954072,0.0013076131,0.23962173,0.000060138136,0.00064664235,0.000013291824,0.001090979,0.000052430587,0.030434204,0.7136229,0.0067582955,0.006353791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017062139,0.009053621,0.33734775,0.00053558307,0.0012612935,0.000058794376,0.04735899,0.030075528,0.45698074,0.06132053,0.033918776,0.0050262692],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026639813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008426177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6523024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019562418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024253075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335119338","doi":"10.1364/biomed.2012.bsu5a.4","title":"Numerical nonlinear microscopy of collagen fibres","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microscopy; Collagen fibril; Materials science; Polarization (electrochemistry); Fibril; Optics; Nonlinear system; Optical microscope; Excitation; Biophysics; Composite material; Chemistry; Scanning electron microscope; Physics","score_opus":0.007875600232260641,"score_gpt":0.261177041684343,"score_spread":0.2533014414520824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335119338","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91445464,0.00007195564,0.003690278,0.000060202314,0.0001788991,0.00008649118,0.00002828632,0.00001654266,0.08141269],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835156,3.0524365e-7,0.013650685,0.000023865316,0.00026009534,0.0000027641204,0.000012251533,0.000008934269,0.002525506],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995685,0.000009102675,0.00011569535,0.000057823996,0.000075959884,0.00017291852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999739,0.0000196897,0.000036804875,0.00011874344,0.000021943,0.00006384019],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000039639777,0.0000643501,0.00009871889,0.0000144017495,0.000021037207,0.000007671629,0.000070914015,0.000014832107,0.0018987972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016404432,0.000053653534,0.000054261596,0.00007043768,0.00002912613,0.0000709538,0.000038794304,0.000023865809,0.00017702552],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002161056,0.0010905912,0.8397795,0.000037296453,0.00015328359,4.1264732e-7,0.0006694453,0.00003304405,0.088860504,0.05524433,0.011100702,0.0030092867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041977578,0.00010241064,0.01023551,0.000011720229,0.000032957676,7.655384e-7,0.0005956343,0.00053856004,0.94006556,0.00087934383,0.04684601,0.0002717371],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000655066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.05256e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85120505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000549392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000126830655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335728852","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2015.stu1l.4","title":"Study of Turbulence Induced Orbital Angular Momentum Channel Crosstalk in a 1.6km Free-Space Optical Link","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Crosstalk; Angular momentum; Physics; Turbulence; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Optical link; Link (geometry); Atmospheric turbulence; Orbital angular momentum of light; Optics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Mechanics; Computer science; Optical fiber","score_opus":0.02972029076822823,"score_gpt":0.2707634689655202,"score_spread":0.24104317819729199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335728852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851236,0.00003496813,0.0003470815,0.00031318603,0.00022485701,0.0005576522,0.000018908231,0.000035458732,0.013344321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980986,2.5589762e-7,0.0006373422,0.00001179218,0.00018586995,0.000052407588,0.000011250345,0.000030437013,0.00097201345],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981867,0.000051223004,0.0004600176,0.0003833846,0.00048512654,0.00043353898],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99886525,0.000041435138,0.000121095625,0.00060065667,0.00014580296,0.00022574376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002972961,0.0002566611,0.00038340304,0.00013314214,0.00003873236,0.0000636083,0.00042504875,0.00007007043,0.0001003234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040043786,0.00023218348,0.000080538804,0.00039764956,0.00007979459,0.00024258018,0.00048667841,0.00028021948,0.000041167925],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011548614,0.05908607,0.46503562,0.00030074856,0.0019387485,0.0012684461,0.1265326,0.008500625,0.03317272,0.28775233,0.007841081,0.0074161743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.06148538,0.021934327,0.06265783,0.00052777864,0.00052264176,0.00004680888,0.4457079,0.02927551,0.21581846,0.15445378,0.0010973315,0.006472262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009821461,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004864311,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40237775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065646476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009575122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94681674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2338925399","doi":"10.1002/0471221074.ch3","title":"Fabry-Pérot Resonators, Beams, and Radiation Pressure","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Resonator; Radiation pressure; Radiation; Physics; Beam (structure); Bessel beam; Optical tweezers; Free space; Gaussian beam; Materials science","score_opus":0.006106493918834336,"score_gpt":0.20101176548019734,"score_spread":0.194905271561363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2338925399","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003317151,0.0018935805,0.00088121457,0.00019832692,0.00022497462,0.00029183528,0.00015182626,0.00003293425,0.9962921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006738566,0.00006151463,0.00067666336,0.00014243505,0.000421627,0.00001020999,0.0002082879,0.000062732564,0.99167794],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999119,0.000008841965,0.00020431896,0.00030483428,0.00019322426,0.00016980014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945676,0.00002238559,0.00012319582,0.00026115487,0.000040849864,0.000095655676],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006120739,0.0002741196,0.00023939295,0.00005432473,0.00006908781,0.000062969804,0.00009080132,0.00015723481,0.0037552326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001647745,0.00026146998,0.000088635614,0.0000124193275,0.00005420825,0.00007322665,0.00006770283,0.0002581447,0.00010227432],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002175194,0.000013667696,0.00017651073,0.000022981527,0.00015076165,0.0000012671945,0.000029022527,0.0000019532602,0.0000022908155,0.94892776,0.03473829,0.015933327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017319332,0.000028311013,0.000016125505,0.000024248686,0.000099971105,8.7878664e-7,0.000013954668,0.00003073267,0.000073578616,0.10298645,0.89627683,0.00027570597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024753816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.7683493e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8615386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015714802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027309638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2357685187","doi":"10.1360/972013-1125","title":"Research progress and application prospect of Airy beams","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Aeronautics; Engineering physics; Aerospace engineering; Architectural engineering; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.004917474270054984,"score_gpt":0.2772139020426717,"score_spread":0.2722964277726167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2357685187","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98787415,0.000090636306,0.00018516912,0.0016042195,0.00012673473,0.00069568894,0.000010009258,0.000031154013,0.009382252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966605,0.0000029034945,0.0022238938,0.000018263368,0.00016611164,0.00011173844,0.000012695073,0.000015713475,0.00078818254],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99799985,0.000042430143,0.00025254494,0.00049410126,0.0007873894,0.00042367884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985891,0.00010088367,0.00011124651,0.00047621672,0.0005265537,0.00019597386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086797524,0.00018707193,0.0002078579,0.00025671683,0.0004733192,0.00014124249,0.0005783104,0.00003559359,0.0008890746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007035599,0.00012766602,0.000058571062,0.0014524356,0.0016917408,0.00029888863,0.00057870086,0.00023781537,0.00064827246],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018985611,0.00038297274,0.9642289,0.000067541725,0.000015338583,9.78421e-7,0.0005791284,0.000027101887,0.015581524,0.006503506,0.0029201317,0.009673867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001284706,0.00035088471,0.93459845,0.00009492875,0.000014999637,0.00000780651,0.0013437768,0.007305473,0.0037091018,0.044620056,0.006043799,0.00062599534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032758035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.7185493e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038116552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003918257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008604518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9734743},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2402995198","doi":"10.1039/c6lc00366d","title":"Metal-insulator-metal waveguides for particle trapping and separation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lab on a Chip","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bell (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Metal; Metal particle; Insulator (electricity); Metal-insulator-metal; Materials science; Separation (statistics); Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Metallurgy; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0172471217680177,"score_gpt":0.2682829605002975,"score_spread":0.2510358387322798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2402995198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926816,0.0000344199,0.003496481,0.00053805846,0.00008456347,0.0001864839,0.00003613366,0.000025585274,0.0029166453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975181,0.0000012081897,0.00046850677,0.000060445265,0.00017050673,0.000036177218,0.0000065322374,0.000013065533,0.001725427],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946266,0.00001528258,0.0001246446,0.00015738906,0.000076567616,0.00016344091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997003,0.00006393819,0.00004282553,0.00011849693,0.00002191771,0.00005250361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009334337,0.0000924151,0.00010471975,0.000016978353,0.00007083666,0.000030777243,0.000042693737,0.00001796792,0.000082855055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009630437,0.000063240805,0.000057021207,0.000043522046,0.00003106265,0.00011449144,0.00001870288,0.000026452508,0.000037826147],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064864296,0.00022214561,0.011380531,0.000023171546,0.00018314381,7.3198487e-7,0.000442128,0.000010655816,0.25251088,0.6882413,0.0004282935,0.04649215],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040485067,0.00064347824,0.016549861,0.000102012484,0.00014378078,0.0000017954511,0.00031450938,0.0040778588,0.85590875,0.08680019,0.030741414,0.000667842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005143811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001015397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6033979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010288698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009284647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25788853},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2404321421","doi":"10.1103/physreva.94.033855","title":"Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of entangled Hermite-Gauss modes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Claude Leon Foundation","keywords":"Antisymmetric relation; Basis (linear algebra); Physics; Coincidence; Interference (communication); Quantum mechanics; Photon; Interferometry; Coincidence counting; Quantum entanglement; State (computer science); Bell state; Quantum; Mathematics; Mathematical physics; Telecommunications; Geometry","score_opus":0.016208890051140814,"score_gpt":0.34538365203253857,"score_spread":0.3291747619813978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2404321421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88109726,0.06029091,0.014517079,0.003999339,0.0003211197,0.0034520484,0.00043983117,0.00019805714,0.035684388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9779914,0.019791586,0.00016763055,0.0005247663,0.0006318718,0.00026181235,0.000034131714,0.00006915948,0.000527613],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99673194,0.00025206222,0.0009042289,0.0007581336,0.00069316186,0.0006604578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972095,0.0004929943,0.0005731476,0.0011035261,0.00027762575,0.00034322919],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027853533,0.00063520443,0.0018610822,0.00004458781,0.00007304504,0.000029120274,0.0008201367,0.000032633656,0.00040252207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001954462,0.0003968122,0.0012031503,0.0005253488,0.00031673882,0.00038515322,0.00041241467,0.0003361048,0.0009676776],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006161376,0.004862814,0.003950198,0.012583566,0.00060303183,0.00001216434,0.00014333175,0.000003015558,0.28222287,0.37171203,0.0068520023,0.31699336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035134305,0.0018024493,0.0020433108,0.13899092,0.0034714798,0.00000955588,0.000086909524,0.002428285,0.36893195,0.4253628,0.049141128,0.0042177574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020285777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.511033e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3127756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007211214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008113162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99984837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2410884295","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1612023113","title":"Twisted light transmission over 143 km","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":403,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics; University of Ottawa","funders":"European Research Council; Austrian Science Fund","keywords":"Angular momentum; Transmission (telecommunications); Physics; ENCODE; Free-space optical communication; Quantum entanglement; Mode (computer interface); Coupling (piping); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Topology (electrical circuits); Optics; Optical communication; Orbital angular momentum of light; Computer science; Quantum; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Mathematics; Biology; Engineering; Genetics","score_opus":0.01977852336626898,"score_gpt":0.27790418349195234,"score_spread":0.2581256601256834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2410884295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.946413,0.000040149283,0.000015687958,0.006902486,0.00002169131,0.0001124268,0.000022646693,0.000008380388,0.046463568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981175,0.000002573694,0.0006371264,0.00005427785,0.000091295355,0.0000035330643,5.1363404e-8,0.000002960994,0.0010907045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887574,0.0000023600917,0.00019175276,0.00014095717,0.00067847676,0.00011071633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960434,0.000044351804,0.0002033119,0.000005102508,0.00011410328,0.000028805869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003469654,0.000066548535,0.000086079664,0.00005928348,0.00009489236,0.000013068258,0.00044589004,0.000029213083,0.00015965062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024664101,0.00003277061,0.00007542846,0.00029773847,0.0003166092,0.00032180478,0.00006822666,0.00005765255,0.0000036912193],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052836795,0.000049449434,0.013102872,0.00001432855,0.000012373793,8.2723906e-10,0.00009300392,0.0000021742335,0.74146265,0.24099621,0.0011457865,0.0031158798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021710776,0.000027865677,0.025881901,0.00012058162,0.000009042218,4.776092e-7,0.000059418042,0.00011574518,0.7876141,0.18112014,0.0047566285,0.000077005185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000022577526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2203057e-9,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05987607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014276497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016399228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17480622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2429877791","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.117.233903","title":"Polarization Shaping for Control of Nonlinear Propagation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Seventh Framework Programme; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Nonlinear system; Physics; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.014565549310758272,"score_gpt":0.2736100726998703,"score_spread":0.25904452338911205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2429877791","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.21997982,0.0005208989,0.7657325,0.012046172,0.00009705111,0.0012703502,0.0001378513,0.000024838508,0.00019047936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99755716,0.0000186505,0.0008113401,0.0011717918,0.0003243281,0.000062391,0.000022589946,0.000012768885,0.000018954663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994644,0.000022525022,0.00017404115,0.00011744635,0.00010529313,0.00011629191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957824,0.00008634738,0.00013215958,0.000117532894,0.000057871217,0.000027824262],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000078591846,0.000081103906,0.00019730027,0.0000126463165,0.000022568478,0.0000053147082,0.00007277664,0.0000033407462,0.000026007063],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022439379,0.000052789495,0.00013529211,0.000062515115,0.00003346014,0.000105213476,0.00001242291,0.00002644607,0.000019115123],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015625179,0.00023953282,0.0040193894,0.0010185454,0.00010707452,1.4840568e-7,0.00003945403,0.000028215833,0.896702,0.044131555,0.00060000556,0.053098485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02315694,0.0019953635,0.011723379,0.03963557,0.0039719837,0.000002983819,0.00009701844,0.1598222,0.5707882,0.055574935,0.12825662,0.004974821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025172428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.7469707e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77757734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012684817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010003699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21526931},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2468376182","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1616889113","title":"Quantum entanglement of angular momentum states with quantum numbers up to 10,010","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":281,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Austrian Science Fund; European Research Council; Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Photon; Angular momentum; Quantum discord; Quantum information; Photon entanglement; Azimuthal quantum number; Quantum; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum network; Quantum teleportation; Quantum number; Quantum channel; Angular momentum coupling","score_opus":0.020288286089350793,"score_gpt":0.2793112773860928,"score_spread":0.259022991296742,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2468376182","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99246776,0.000020809313,0.00002743012,0.0039502056,0.000032858803,0.00023697855,0.00008802537,0.0000068141912,0.0031691184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99821407,0.000003373742,0.0006895626,0.00005026829,0.00005543578,0.000016431322,3.797378e-7,0.000006720461,0.0009637633],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980208,0.000004991867,0.00035189037,0.00023386019,0.0011749392,0.00021349736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990932,0.000070522496,0.0004400105,0.000015615562,0.0003215215,0.00005917517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000581133,0.00012501662,0.00018178058,0.00012331229,0.00009599061,0.000017693668,0.0006345641,0.00002603846,0.0002184661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003833381,0.00006665996,0.00007670656,0.00051690906,0.0007509103,0.00032921988,0.0001774724,0.00006214835,0.0000063125776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059608323,0.00016971168,0.04273439,0.00006492131,0.00009990037,7.8360065e-9,0.0008281505,0.00007634436,0.2800573,0.67182857,0.0035972046,0.0004838878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005411426,0.00033933218,0.0078540845,0.00029120737,0.000032235297,9.4347394e-7,0.003446555,0.0003711257,0.8305248,0.15495138,0.0014459395,0.00020122305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002938577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.741493e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5504675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038785496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036528858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27667603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2481996682","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.2669","title":"Improved Axial Optical Trapping","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Trapping; Oil immersion; Tweezers; Photobleaching; Holography; Materials science; Refractive index; Interference (communication); Interferometry; Optoelectronics; Fluorescence; Physics","score_opus":0.009226227450990773,"score_gpt":0.23094482453875548,"score_spread":0.2217185970877647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2481996682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.915841,0.000005461232,0.07223927,0.0021201826,0.00070579146,0.000091981885,0.000017607685,0.000037417965,0.008941313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99494505,0.0000013507191,0.0009738322,0.000037838116,0.003271065,0.0000036508313,0.0000011202985,0.000018303972,0.0007477929],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904376,0.000023727678,0.00022514144,0.000158101,0.0001981487,0.00035112357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943703,0.000055657685,0.00008099601,0.00013545,0.000058866528,0.0002319879],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008093134,0.00014297268,0.00016348925,0.00003393899,0.00012482489,0.00009084087,0.00019013697,0.00003292302,0.0006266095],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009268969,0.00008605122,0.00021780255,0.00007565686,0.000105598396,0.00019427756,0.00006281583,0.00020031181,0.00021132677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021313403,0.00017896763,0.0003578941,0.0000015612825,0.000062255116,0.0000076614915,0.000026575608,4.809781e-7,0.9122043,0.034592684,0.00042159556,0.05212469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055590705,0.0009858434,0.0054616025,0.00018359761,0.00016893947,0.000097927594,0.00032470946,0.0012368344,0.9286393,0.03712388,0.01886729,0.0013509829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025337529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.322558e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07910407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036398196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004231511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68609345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2490970911","doi":"10.1364/3d.2016.jt3a.47","title":"3D focal spot engineering under extreme focusing conditions: Generalization of the Richards-Wolf formalism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Ellipse; Formalism (music); Geometrical optics; Generalization; Rotational symmetry; SPHERES; Optics; Physics; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Astronomy","score_opus":0.01275998692047911,"score_gpt":0.212997038665724,"score_spread":0.2002370517452449,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2490970911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.520081,0.000023296194,0.47369862,0.00048167247,0.00029777896,0.00015041695,0.000040422736,0.00003076846,0.0051960354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99642855,0.000001124089,0.0018537776,0.00003802763,0.0001836654,0.000008580342,0.00000858666,0.000014038815,0.0014636515],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994565,0.00001116976,0.0001669975,0.00009215351,0.00012737438,0.00014576464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966127,0.000026899485,0.00006311601,0.00017113065,0.000049447422,0.000028167568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051536306,0.000088352914,0.00008260922,0.000030137177,0.00005637661,0.000016006561,0.00009748178,0.000022274902,0.00061025703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000041690964,0.000050642706,0.00007226064,0.00009205264,0.00003194956,0.00016512373,0.00006709121,0.00003376649,0.0000142658055],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002683123,0.00007534036,0.0068538813,0.000014313573,0.000080194375,2.5634463e-7,0.00011568278,0.0024519698,0.13200189,0.85532415,0.00057997747,0.0024996689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003230316,0.00011498271,0.028804356,0.0004338053,0.00022859174,0.000008587757,0.0006297837,0.04000989,0.8267334,0.084409006,0.014205722,0.0011915369],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029565519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001471981,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77091515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026939426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018114239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6681887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2493628288","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.55.9.091411","title":"Measuring solid surface velocity and detection of particle movement by laser Bessel beams","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Laser; Surface (topology); Laser beams; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.006272855512959904,"score_gpt":0.18547268523794555,"score_spread":0.17919982972498566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2493628288","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89418066,0.000036345755,0.1054209,0.000057512247,0.00005177848,0.00005277151,0.000009368717,0.000020206862,0.00017048005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982984,0.0000024781473,0.0015169457,0.000004282332,0.000036957932,0.000005011195,7.9722923e-7,0.000013188324,0.00012194465],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945253,0.0000035179994,0.00013558658,0.00011754407,0.000111083886,0.00017975703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997393,0.000042183707,0.000022334933,0.00009251846,0.000024459845,0.00007921862],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007829207,0.00008710222,0.00010648535,0.0000087144745,0.000022943785,0.000013456679,0.000041633764,0.00002123687,0.00001718659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011765472,0.00007002163,0.000028713386,0.000047060825,0.00002470203,0.000089818124,0.000050871437,0.00004987243,0.000005518884],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000045422025,0.000055945035,0.001493664,0.000018604655,0.00003790266,3.3184222e-7,0.000030510912,0.0024273933,0.9858336,0.00377806,0.000005998318,0.006313445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002706048,0.000035574456,0.0009833269,0.000028862909,0.000012039831,1.7507267e-7,0.000023173094,0.019693851,0.97858936,0.00015755369,0.00010197018,0.00010349684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013995582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.7508244e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10411776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022350307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000041490175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28553993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2495417700","doi":"10.1364/oe.24.017272","title":"Generation of linearly polarized orbital angular momentum modes in a side-hole ring fiber with tunable topology numbers","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City; Nankai University; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Angular momentum; Physics; Refractive index; Topology (electrical circuits); Fiber; Graded-index fiber; Multi-mode optical fiber; Realization (probability); Optical fiber; Materials science; Fiber optic sensor; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01473660649581657,"score_gpt":0.23660280511203324,"score_spread":0.22186619861621668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2495417700","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.978116,0.00003826348,0.012479954,0.0001084908,0.00007384691,0.00020795406,0.000051699124,0.00001761834,0.008906223],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98240095,0.0000019932359,0.01368102,0.0000071089926,0.00015883442,0.000034897377,0.000024483092,0.000032658532,0.003658042],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885297,0.000039793224,0.00031222042,0.00026744904,0.00019492483,0.0003326446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993447,0.00004831984,0.00013481198,0.000311822,0.000089721696,0.00007059494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000110435845,0.00018035775,0.00026441654,0.000084057145,0.00004763626,0.000039649112,0.00015896159,0.00006280979,0.00024124628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008697964,0.00013599967,0.000060209786,0.00011996234,0.00011176957,0.0002822912,0.000103254286,0.000102887614,0.000023366905],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010014089,0.00042423522,0.014023665,0.00003475388,0.00013759312,0.00002101694,0.0007967079,0.0033197522,0.94423026,0.03602496,0.00007194611,0.0008149532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059231822,0.000512059,0.0004924159,0.00027235373,0.00010111165,0.0000066230477,0.0014899703,0.022295117,0.96143657,0.0056983754,0.0008657426,0.00090647215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039984318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013386614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030326584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044936725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045727233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5545906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2500005915","doi":"10.1109/lpt.2016.2594030","title":"Orbital Angular Momentum Generation With Ultra-Compact Bragg-Assisted Silicon Microrings","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Silicon; Physics; Optoelectronics; Optics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.007779989966249251,"score_gpt":0.2102558160532254,"score_spread":0.20247582608697615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2500005915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884118,0.000038361457,0.003592869,0.006265982,0.0002965935,0.00035381078,0.000058172664,0.00026480452,0.0007176477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998479,0.0000026334826,0.00063464633,0.00025646205,0.00013151883,0.000057678193,0.000024257048,0.00006189759,0.0003518764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99826694,0.000024923344,0.00035023238,0.0005384768,0.00022544432,0.0005940054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896854,0.000031244927,0.00022174674,0.00062248413,0.00006739017,0.00008857804],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010335556,0.00035041734,0.0003154659,0.00026738094,0.00015459953,0.000059102396,0.000379899,0.00013565535,0.00011000447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000054475595,0.0002577623,0.00011250225,0.000371458,0.0003417969,0.00023163694,0.000024851,0.00027440357,0.000111474605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017783681,0.00012929905,0.009766112,0.000006035972,0.00017224932,0.000036930454,0.00006398918,0.000033576656,0.9859639,0.0017369036,0.00096032594,0.0011129333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010814657,0.00015265857,0.00034649728,0.000038942526,0.000054329066,0.000054776647,0.00007650487,0.00011655061,0.99547833,0.00040696844,0.0017740619,0.00041889207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000488149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042528454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010067272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021422512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065169246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2505778489","doi":"10.1063/1.4960966","title":"Experimental generation of optical coherence lattices","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Superposition principle; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Degree of coherence; Optics; Lattice (music); Coherence theory; Physics; Uncorrelated; Realization (probability); Coherence time; Optical lattice; Coherence length; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.018098369322700498,"score_gpt":0.2389413050903731,"score_spread":0.22084293576767258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2505778489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9652032,0.0000055466803,0.02671049,0.00020569412,0.00009072557,0.000121189056,0.000013813674,0.000015665002,0.0076336768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99737203,1.3637771e-7,0.0018835354,0.00013826248,0.00048964465,0.00003528274,0.000014505185,0.000015398984,0.000051175663],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934465,0.000007771981,0.00014975588,0.00017454018,0.00016144387,0.00016183482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996373,0.000036659996,0.00008202107,0.00018755504,0.000015567124,0.000040911986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000032407344,0.0001153513,0.000124456,0.000011945859,0.000036149104,0.000016462092,0.000118466516,0.000015637397,0.00015695872],"category_scores_gemma":[4.996431e-7,0.00008761035,0.0000543967,0.000057179914,0.00011701911,0.00009521271,0.000052602005,0.00004294633,0.00008419451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004122106,0.000089236855,0.0006376333,0.0000024307387,0.00002794085,1.8820351e-7,0.000089747635,0.00003571664,0.84716856,0.14714804,0.00041454073,0.0043818527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034573753,0.000018825496,0.00014277129,0.0000072158473,0.00001261353,7.529277e-8,0.000060325456,0.00003148004,0.9983153,0.0007937564,0.00014179877,0.00013013593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007231561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.332071e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15114672,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017535958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010005785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35726464},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2507122610","doi":"10.1109/phosst.2016.7548810","title":"Design of an integrated circular-polarized OAM generator/multiplexer","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexer; Circular polarization; Angular momentum; Multiplexing; Physics; Generator (circuit theory); Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Silicon on insulator; Computer science; Silicon; Optoelectronics; Telecommunications; Microstrip","score_opus":0.01601322262713855,"score_gpt":0.22998513784310076,"score_spread":0.2139719152159622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2507122610","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28396782,0.000014314783,0.71383476,0.00005773304,0.00011399185,0.00019935834,0.00003350881,0.000045484896,0.0017330131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9655906,6.76056e-7,0.0322947,0.000025955569,0.00010006522,0.000013710136,0.000019586812,0.000022648326,0.0019320542],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916613,0.0000734863,0.00022429007,0.00019516621,0.0001385711,0.00020236397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937,0.000043898028,0.00007428182,0.000310998,0.00010933898,0.0000915334],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013524541,0.00014042044,0.00017882755,0.000044821867,0.000035719357,0.000022367416,0.00016841448,0.0000394822,0.0021352046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073384062,0.000085947526,0.00006866628,0.00010653705,0.000062035615,0.0001796778,0.000041204457,0.00005285921,0.00010068243],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024373687,0.00022979583,0.0048423884,0.0000038005364,0.00008896781,0.000001382602,0.00006818166,0.00003756535,0.971721,0.011420249,0.0001822998,0.011379989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025323848,0.00024009049,0.0006779454,0.000034770324,0.000052789514,0.0000013112323,0.00030001157,0.006628414,0.9793109,0.0068433816,0.0029048626,0.00047308314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010987238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.3551544e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6816228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020864398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059351732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2509597568","doi":"10.1088/2040-8978/18/12/124002","title":"Arbitrary optical wavefront shaping via spin-to-orbit coupling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Angular momentum; Wavefront; Orbital angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Polarization (electrochemistry); Angular momentum of light; Optical vortex; Light beam","score_opus":0.01653659812472454,"score_gpt":0.2624092851381079,"score_spread":0.24587268701338336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2509597568","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78529805,0.00010022102,0.20474295,0.0017215774,0.00082094624,0.00012082393,0.00001087998,0.000014593921,0.0071699466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9499749,0.000010222212,0.0479552,0.00012464254,0.0014632324,0.000001772333,9.678264e-7,0.000037287307,0.00043178405],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837244,0.00001126234,0.00065045356,0.00015846305,0.00042282708,0.0003845312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878216,0.000111386675,0.0003002624,0.00022538447,0.00024396963,0.00033685524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032839907,0.0001990357,0.00033769966,0.00012897965,0.00007522839,0.00007137792,0.00031785062,0.000054758908,0.0002804727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003561252,0.0001367765,0.00023030528,0.00012093056,0.00006412383,0.0002770059,0.0001304384,0.00027948758,0.00014623391],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004902492,0.0022058617,0.046280425,0.00014421214,0.0018393154,0.00069371867,0.001262867,0.005820862,0.5411062,0.29134205,0.0050294404,0.10378481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016962415,0.008209457,0.026506456,0.005666393,0.0018698924,0.0011876628,0.0035471132,0.0487717,0.62939674,0.20222975,0.049437445,0.0062149786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002127671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0283042e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16467683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000092020666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010187248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55775845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2519053429","doi":"10.1039/c6nr03888c","title":"Photon-induced generation and spatial control of extreme pressure at the nanoscale with a gold bowtie nano-antenna platform","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Nipissing University","keywords":"Plasmon; Nanoscopic scale; Materials science; Laser; Nano-; Transducer; Photon; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Actuator; Wavelength; Optics; Physics; Acoustics; Computer science","score_opus":0.0146228268457434,"score_gpt":0.20628543443555586,"score_spread":0.19166260758981246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2519053429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993981,0.00018908676,0.0029481363,0.00035216182,0.00020653856,0.0005558192,0.00020447845,0.000019093253,0.0015436953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940817,0.0000047398203,0.000103777435,0.000040084135,0.00027591237,0.00008735041,0.0000139187405,0.000026009568,0.0053665135],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989343,0.000028602866,0.00023884572,0.00026893453,0.00026706373,0.00026221026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992624,0.00007904732,0.00016942703,0.0003236045,0.00009030953,0.000075214826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009975051,0.00019328293,0.00023494776,0.000028209486,0.000119253426,0.00003041709,0.00013961052,0.00006360611,0.00028337457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007010391,0.000100385434,0.00007288526,0.000068987654,0.00014609362,0.00014735862,0.00008149598,0.00007288125,0.000016184784],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001422731,0.00010241711,0.010361004,0.000012878823,0.00012010904,0.0000010391428,0.00017162468,0.0000023273644,0.9785279,0.00089703687,0.0007316477,0.008929713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004128769,0.0005307805,0.0019909632,0.00009364228,0.00021069442,0.0000066453667,0.000140134,0.0025474066,0.97356325,0.000457447,0.015958592,0.0003716451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002197541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015894414,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015226945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002297593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038588998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40935993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2522001700","doi":"10.1364/josab.28.000727","title":"Relativistically invariant photonic wave packets","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Helicity; Wave packet; Physics; Invariant (physics); Polarization (electrochemistry); Photonics; Network packet; Quantum mechanics; Lorentz transformation; Quantum electrodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.019513269672999777,"score_gpt":0.2365867753075919,"score_spread":0.21707350563459213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2522001700","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6518465,0.000910053,0.1907529,0.013420165,0.0050505484,0.0015402336,0.00030020793,0.00004735654,0.13613203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9114107,0.00005852635,0.0873478,0.00019302865,0.00045197588,0.0000036578183,0.000003923957,0.00003760436,0.000492826],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979025,0.00009382563,0.000881627,0.00021258453,0.0005955084,0.00031394328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972431,0.00021411404,0.0015008459,0.0005316858,0.00032749062,0.00018277406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000387653,0.0002947656,0.00075550564,0.000022224993,0.00008161143,0.00004645994,0.00073752244,0.0001704791,0.0005417475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006986734,0.00019142237,0.0017376444,0.00013773852,0.00068323105,0.00006568979,0.0011606067,0.0017445744,0.000015009297],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015025949,0.020749362,0.030290993,0.0032071872,0.04362136,0.00014954738,0.034328192,0.0074756346,0.04272412,0.4665574,0.22406347,0.12533014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003378187,0.002743561,0.013138554,0.0031643114,0.0043319426,0.000112980175,0.004304558,0.016633853,0.034662046,0.90204084,0.013093266,0.002395907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038469985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.626181e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43548343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010422019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038977579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78059775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2527348349","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.13","title":"Digital spiral object identification using random light","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; Tsinghua University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Photon; Optics; Quantum imaging; Noise (video); Orbital angular momentum of light; Computer science; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum; Artificial intelligence; Quantum information; Quantum mechanics; Quantum network","score_opus":0.013220390865817394,"score_gpt":0.2816195762372125,"score_spread":0.2683991853713951,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2527348349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42483473,0.000046266403,0.31561732,0.0025998226,0.0005418089,0.001454236,0.000109720786,0.0001333096,0.2546628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969546,2.4989825e-7,0.0011962109,0.000016105136,0.00028692582,0.00012782624,0.000014543632,0.000011012561,0.0013925115],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879813,0.000004981499,0.00022278582,0.00037873836,0.00031640913,0.0002789327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984807,0.0000134725315,0.0002492954,0.0010130618,0.00013082255,0.000112659014],"candidate_categories":["sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020133123,0.00011933456,0.00010993735,0.000086836226,0.0018795594,0.001463312,0.00095696014,0.000021397766,0.000053574782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015747974,0.000110265384,0.00007971341,0.00025930532,0.0004161253,0.0011423919,0.00017391417,0.000081385,0.00027884054],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016163103,0.00085308414,0.087409995,0.000024483037,0.000047956004,0.000001414673,0.0005994245,0.0005668786,0.53493446,0.30951366,0.0004986943,0.065533824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025832432,0.00007278644,0.040591225,0.00007610435,0.00017286238,0.000006746541,0.0007735132,0.03375333,0.6430104,0.095373586,0.18198188,0.0016043159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019876416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.287318e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5721199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004864291,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013785354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2528052376","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.117.154801","title":"Nondestructive Measurement of Orbital Angular Momentum for an Electron Beam","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; European Research Council; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Electron; Physics; Angular momentum; Dipole; Magnetic moment; Magnetic dipole; Orbital angular momentum of light; Moment (physics); Electron magnetic dipole moment; Cathode ray; Optics; Atomic physics; Computational physics; Condensed matter physics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.016630549088358194,"score_gpt":0.27752491466304796,"score_spread":0.26089436557468976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2528052376","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860089,0.0010179465,0.0094404705,0.001884398,0.00011301725,0.0010242148,0.00009019077,0.000026373,0.00039450914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860615,0.0000352658,0.000409184,0.0003370332,0.0003739744,0.00017304435,0.000019021027,0.00003060605,0.000015731113],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864286,0.000043814773,0.00028674066,0.00030062528,0.00038740336,0.00033854996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991945,0.000051002284,0.00018466609,0.00033349908,0.0001339173,0.00010241433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020163559,0.00020893323,0.0004154727,0.00002669075,0.000041100942,0.000010819709,0.00021213853,0.0000068988284,0.000042001993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017490363,0.0001427933,0.00028818156,0.00010731548,0.00008762246,0.00021242943,0.000042726097,0.00006717649,0.000022320433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027238782,0.00054777716,0.00056659506,0.00044575566,0.00022305499,5.976918e-7,0.00006768209,0.0000067377487,0.97095966,0.016354056,0.0026062133,0.008194622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003410983,0.0024366889,0.0020033692,0.0040770452,0.0011021008,0.0000032351807,0.00008825875,0.00024405424,0.9225849,0.043009162,0.019312479,0.001727739],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013841567,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.8844198e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048374783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000851419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030873143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58229417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2529466120","doi":"10.1364/oe.24.023735","title":"Self-reconstruction of partially coherent light beams scattered by opaque obstacles","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Opacity; Obstacle; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Scattering; Physics; Beam (structure); Light beam; Polarization (electrochemistry); Coherence time; Coherence length; Laser","score_opus":0.0062649243667486955,"score_gpt":0.20810273036710894,"score_spread":0.20183780600036025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2529466120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.960783,0.00012247759,0.019756436,0.00044260145,0.0006633768,0.00036460318,0.00028962397,0.00007711182,0.01750075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99122834,0.000013595462,0.0073273107,0.000009714804,0.00019475099,0.000034561843,0.000019746632,0.000028536215,0.0011434373],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989544,0.00003239207,0.00032907905,0.0002334527,0.00019190811,0.00025873914],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922407,0.000051902753,0.00019185098,0.00033429862,0.00009941567,0.000098461634],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006556585,0.00017339499,0.00021187776,0.000032550583,0.00005501118,0.000039571372,0.00021123442,0.000052437405,0.00032379373],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000044597878,0.00013157453,0.00009573113,0.000057954112,0.00007956176,0.00017781668,0.000095453644,0.00006714617,0.00005275489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003950736,0.00089484075,0.021766843,0.00009463059,0.00041988937,0.0000022180009,0.0005928308,0.00004788127,0.8972912,0.04074386,0.0047211484,0.03338517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010210971,0.00011315566,0.00023014333,0.00014445868,0.00007628402,0.0000024286692,0.00023384506,0.0002801286,0.9814033,0.00408083,0.012044536,0.0003698274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016611979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.7451003e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.084112085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003069356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031163734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5365454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2541163846","doi":"10.1038/ncomms13987","title":"Exotic looped trajectories of photons in three-slit interference","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Rochester","keywords":"Superposition principle; Physics; Photon; Double-slit experiment; Quantum; Interference (communication); Electromagnetic field; Excitation; Measure (data warehouse); Rendering (computer graphics); Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Statistical physics; Optics; Computer science","score_opus":0.02574437597469815,"score_gpt":0.2790173073103231,"score_spread":0.25327293133562495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2541163846","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95263165,0.0015127116,0.0026594668,0.00271414,0.00023933289,0.00037421472,0.00018443138,0.000041565774,0.039642468],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99745905,0.000021977603,0.0021608581,0.00001459088,0.000020993424,0.000030458514,0.00001612213,0.000009099099,0.00026685564],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946445,0.000041148905,0.00019888973,0.00010025823,0.00007563378,0.00011962115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99853903,0.00023099346,0.00007817562,0.0010417064,0.000082059596,0.000028019165],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008140279,0.000084634725,0.00012766934,0.00006116708,0.000045373046,0.000010201061,0.00073657575,0.000062003455,0.00015621008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003150343,0.000062092666,0.00005243271,0.0002092724,0.0001653418,0.00009909015,0.0002532092,0.00030607785,0.000019464582],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012867933,0.0005228365,0.3235019,0.000011497138,0.000063599575,4.589671e-7,0.000636131,0.0000021827545,0.018810118,0.64779794,0.0002725906,0.008367883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004491387,0.0003738001,0.55928123,0.0013959472,0.00020021711,0.000006012179,0.0029175584,0.0010771031,0.09870608,0.29446155,0.035441518,0.0016476029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008041464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00073784904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35333636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027521783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004450039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25320652},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553298925","doi":"10.1364/oe.24.026454","title":"Optimal compression and energy confinement of optical Airy bullets","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Army Research Office; Seventh Framework Programme; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Fourier transform; Spectroscopy; Energy (signal processing)","score_opus":0.0076221634585356334,"score_gpt":0.21992058504690573,"score_spread":0.2122984215883701,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553298925","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85310733,0.00017199924,0.09410614,0.0006367531,0.00030223085,0.00012729768,0.00011423426,0.000036017685,0.051398024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851005,0.00001835355,0.0121968165,0.000018155568,0.00013974545,0.00001618877,0.00000995484,0.000019811989,0.0024804592],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990447,0.00002053509,0.0002677104,0.00022328379,0.00020734579,0.0002363837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934214,0.00009526643,0.00009665031,0.00026825958,0.00007532546,0.00012237638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000625133,0.00015855509,0.0002139586,0.00003743044,0.000049626833,0.000023681774,0.00015153916,0.000045509525,0.00046429763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005651285,0.000111855814,0.00005864956,0.00003455877,0.0002251465,0.00006754789,0.00025094856,0.000054782682,0.000009796703],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070431706,0.00051752315,0.002661984,0.0000422933,0.00014642173,0.000008506785,0.0001993107,0.00020460399,0.3374081,0.6287917,0.0020208773,0.027928242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038735212,0.0005326416,0.00096147886,0.00047776502,0.00012919355,0.0000073088827,0.00057212956,0.0031786556,0.91889787,0.0063871606,0.06410948,0.00087279093],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022077384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.002656e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6224046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009563561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018844363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5083733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2557316888","doi":"10.1002/lpor.201600163","title":"Revealing optical vortices with a small number of photons","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser & Photonics Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Vortex; Optical vortex; Physics; Photon; Optics; Topology (electrical circuits); Topological quantum number; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.014048027222565929,"score_gpt":0.26283094140051044,"score_spread":0.24878291417794451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2557316888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9176588,0.009915305,0.0026734935,0.0011189481,0.0001598198,0.0012167706,0.00013901749,0.00006516733,0.0670527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9370151,0.008643687,0.048854485,0.00070094137,0.00009693662,0.0002469118,0.000032966967,0.00010927205,0.004299682],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987424,0.00003985633,0.00042633576,0.00027185195,0.00021748981,0.00030206866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893606,0.00010731788,0.00022549498,0.00048758992,0.000121082136,0.00012244936],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023023663,0.0002050761,0.00047268346,0.00001658351,0.000039034487,0.000016865697,0.00023464793,0.000030644165,0.001724585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001723323,0.00012079927,0.00016976915,0.00018693267,0.000101784695,0.00009721035,0.00009304997,0.00010988673,0.00021079199],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038593935,0.0053593875,0.2110509,0.025246516,0.004155045,0.00019590832,0.0008301454,0.000054792647,0.04355172,0.48001236,0.0074780593,0.22167924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004405894,0.00061990274,0.0009712987,0.05153944,0.0028057036,0.000081523445,0.00020076407,0.00028089905,0.33102268,0.011686023,0.59375715,0.0026287474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003803003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000073301326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5862791,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023405417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082102924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99918795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559766521","doi":"10.1063/1.4977879","title":"Realization of electron vortices with large orbital angular momentum using miniature holograms fabricated by electron beam lithography","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; H2020 European Research Council; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Electron-beam lithography; Lithography; Angular momentum; Holography; Optics; Realization (probability); Electron; Magnetism; Electron holography; Optical vortex; Physics; Cathode ray; Electron optics; Electron diffraction; Beam (structure); Diffraction; Magnonics; Vortex; Resist; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.005589857629851371,"score_gpt":0.2282671485057826,"score_spread":0.22267729087593124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2559766521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97625107,0.000057433517,0.021961108,0.00009791141,0.000058147303,0.0004249628,0.00010609764,0.000046400364,0.0009968888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99820566,0.0000029350924,0.00068981544,0.00010767523,0.00022740568,0.000042247666,0.00062922307,0.0000681073,0.0000269553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982332,0.000024012441,0.000298446,0.00045649504,0.000357889,0.00062993343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998435,0.000019318473,0.0006859248,0.0007047132,0.00006836125,0.00008667393],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000103674705,0.0003498332,0.00038840482,0.000058973343,0.00036002905,0.00015784225,0.00042782354,0.00007091688,0.000009161226],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001280171,0.00032659865,0.00013543075,0.00028163992,0.0002104697,0.00027932116,0.00009865277,0.0002736628,0.0000039778656],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008689057,0.0005525768,0.024413815,0.000040121486,0.00048235728,0.000002824652,0.00035270824,0.00040004306,0.95253086,0.019850643,0.0009649373,0.0003222035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002297222,0.0003207896,0.004071089,0.000061443,0.00055535,0.0000019285428,0.00031588602,0.00041591236,0.98656297,0.0028116994,0.0015235373,0.0010621784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001837611,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001625423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034032084,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038527207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028309576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999186},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559788627","doi":"10.1364/fio.2016.ff5g.3","title":"Beam shaping under extreme focusing conditions: Generalization of the Richards-Wolf formalism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Formalism (music); Generalization; Physics; Optics; Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.031189001005715058,"score_gpt":0.24724322010459465,"score_spread":0.2160542190988796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2559788627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77055687,0.00004303758,0.20680773,0.0012517254,0.0003184613,0.00022621968,0.000058853206,0.000031939806,0.02070518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964165,0.00000165329,0.000539409,0.00010992036,0.00016278088,0.000008498438,0.000010177201,0.0000114438035,0.0027395946],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994417,0.000016226599,0.0001754299,0.00009753169,0.00013270065,0.00013641242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996039,0.000024321407,0.00009717511,0.00018350697,0.00006673712,0.000024311468],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005993707,0.00007936205,0.00007864363,0.000027049826,0.000101104175,0.000018898752,0.000110253786,0.000019797322,0.0010156097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035321555,0.000043511212,0.00007898309,0.00009405549,0.000055546814,0.00019643408,0.000078643345,0.000028269416,0.000019415038],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021311112,0.00007934031,0.015129447,0.000010123585,0.000072679,1.0769092e-7,0.00016382559,0.00026190013,0.13923617,0.8414575,0.0013602239,0.0022265527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017488264,0.000056103574,0.018918093,0.00028725326,0.00012703388,0.00000285613,0.0010054219,0.001798004,0.6838142,0.28555757,0.006089173,0.00059545063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045563884,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025544707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024276376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022849654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2559862900","doi":"10.1364/fio.2016.fw2h.2","title":"A Versatile Method for Precise Control of Non-Uniform Beam Front Polarizations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Spatial light modulator; Beam splitter; Polarization (electrochemistry); Laser beams; Beam (structure); Light beam; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Physics; Laser","score_opus":0.006274162290329855,"score_gpt":0.25288913547616315,"score_spread":0.2466149731858333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2559862900","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0030571555,0.0000047282474,0.98065495,0.00024232268,0.00008509832,0.00040518196,0.0004069432,0.000012519079,0.015131105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.86935985,2.7307908e-7,0.1231396,0.00002371654,0.00009622195,0.00006413613,0.000018342007,0.000013455421,0.0072844326],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999469,0.00000827386,0.00017726689,0.00011508239,0.00007932224,0.00015104358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943227,0.00016699536,0.00007810381,0.00017859983,0.00009453834,0.000049479848],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009720652,0.00008334735,0.00014943349,0.000032851753,0.00004073449,0.000010114414,0.0001002249,0.000023369548,0.0009757149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011624608,0.00005457504,0.0001071455,0.0000355152,0.000024074465,0.00010463304,0.000027019438,0.000022105518,0.000032354248],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024798853,0.0014198059,0.03370171,0.00008953701,0.0011656815,3.992253e-7,0.0015480331,0.00048170952,0.34593442,0.44380733,0.011636819,0.15996659],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019285917,0.0012465371,0.003853564,0.0001719813,0.00064619054,8.7266994e-7,0.0017636735,0.074248075,0.7352976,0.10800998,0.05429514,0.0011804529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000083383085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033846823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86630267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017103655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038636816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560078716","doi":"10.1017/s1431927615000896","title":"The Surprising Dynamics of Electron Vortex Beams","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Electron; Dynamics (music); Physics; Materials science; Condensed matter physics; Mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.005945478364420418,"score_gpt":0.2455575065825915,"score_spread":0.2396120282181711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560078716","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885826,0.0013212966,0.007043117,0.0001909364,0.000080555306,0.00007661563,0.00003326332,0.000009581665,0.0026620117],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99659866,0.000029417526,0.001140418,0.000014854135,0.000052769356,0.0000032239266,0.000049371916,0.000013886542,0.0020974013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917233,0.0000382559,0.00025407976,0.0001757685,0.000113200134,0.0002463903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938667,0.000045043013,0.0001388582,0.000252259,0.00009988683,0.000077300836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028269706,0.00013176227,0.00021461707,0.000048154252,0.00016051889,0.000083455285,0.000158869,0.00003013474,0.000013314609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006668069,0.00009838731,0.00011675044,0.00023030212,0.0001526907,0.000065763816,0.00008615518,0.000109859124,0.000008564002],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026987147,0.00081756385,0.28990734,0.00008608133,0.0040481025,0.0000068614804,0.0041129338,0.00044982004,0.53471,0.10496668,0.0056207646,0.055004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015050734,0.00027193897,0.0016268053,0.00004981779,0.0013108447,0.000008193482,0.007794462,0.0041016056,0.92720157,0.032717884,0.02258866,0.0008231392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005941505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007769851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39249158,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042062795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049519425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4012118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560414141","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2016.ftu3a.6","title":"Longitudinal patterning of twisted light beams","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Optics; Rotation (mathematics); Light beam; Twist; Phase (matter); Classical mechanics; Computer science; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01454189409606168,"score_gpt":0.2327881809785151,"score_spread":0.21824628688245343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560414141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9778904,0.000028914934,0.0062490357,0.0009042196,0.000092451584,0.00010275152,0.000034591416,0.000020960792,0.014676716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982527,0.000026310072,0.00027246878,0.000032012995,0.00010786543,0.0000070590495,0.000010459799,0.000015849293,0.0012752563],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990839,0.000018713683,0.00020505494,0.00023161492,0.0001516535,0.0003090846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994376,0.00005040244,0.0001170779,0.00020287314,0.00009354876,0.00009849963],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000066471854,0.00017199654,0.00021325356,0.000051199662,0.00006196268,0.00003867663,0.00012296037,0.000042052605,0.0002435569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006105265,0.00012194019,0.00005998178,0.000073878095,0.00009042435,0.000084352934,0.000049610313,0.000111391106,0.000026855387],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013326484,0.00042230936,0.11731854,0.00007122424,0.0002846116,0.000013173539,0.00036227648,0.00000911793,0.19943053,0.61479,0.0007629166,0.06640204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045114295,0.0036862856,0.015295902,0.000942898,0.00030002382,0.0000117005175,0.0009052214,0.0032803244,0.8980042,0.066853166,0.004487448,0.0017214541],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013938229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013724875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69857365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000165171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004495987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49725765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560574733","doi":"10.1364/fio.2016.fw2b.3","title":"Comparing the Information Capacity of Entangled Laguerre-Gaussian and Hermite-Gaussian Modal Sets in a Finite Aperture System","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Gaussian; Modal; Laguerre polynomials; Gaussian process; Parametric statistics; Aperture (computer memory); Physics; Optics; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics; Materials science; Statistics","score_opus":0.011113090188912086,"score_gpt":0.20425063568724408,"score_spread":0.193137545498332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560574733","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9613611,0.0000105400395,0.0027992215,0.0004523345,0.00007037696,0.00023675544,0.000047089303,0.000022149437,0.035000425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999542,6.590959e-7,0.00022023304,0.00003240555,0.000031318614,0.000014861166,0.000011818712,0.000006109269,0.0001406185],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992864,0.000040335522,0.00027800715,0.0000930437,0.00013403274,0.0001681707],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995226,0.00011053546,0.00011418083,0.00018075555,0.000024381456,0.00004751692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001307131,0.00011896221,0.00017482317,0.00005501879,0.00005282198,0.00003860852,0.000112662565,0.000036150745,0.000045164456],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000773444,0.000062772575,0.000043279244,0.0000977741,0.00006565452,0.0003497569,0.00007529467,0.0000870787,0.00002111817],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005292289,0.00013694678,0.6559084,0.00021870916,0.00011698356,0.0000020345035,0.0048079933,0.0001335922,0.0025260977,0.32623783,0.00014401795,0.009714482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013536375,0.0004301622,0.70876586,0.0024767653,0.00019002015,0.00003408036,0.04203667,0.19296163,0.018743902,0.009527351,0.009162485,0.0021347045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036090866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000054251024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31671047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039272552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014596139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25597915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2564983719","doi":"10.1364/ol.42.000077","title":"Complex degree of coherence measurement for classical statistical fields","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Degree of coherence; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Gaussian; Optics; Degree (music); Physics; Statistical physics; Coherence theory; Gaussian beam; Coherence length; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.062234909630088195,"score_gpt":0.2677805079645979,"score_spread":0.2055455983345097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2564983719","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.057765797,0.0000042384636,0.9333041,0.0047938577,0.00016271402,0.00024100833,0.00021118348,0.000012900566,0.0035042083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.959532,2.5496055e-7,0.039942004,0.00019284655,0.00014712012,0.000026668304,0.0000120328805,0.000013106579,0.00013396975],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913585,0.000017139864,0.00021327067,0.00015499536,0.00025636103,0.0002223676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994161,0.00015778851,0.00007315468,0.00018839372,0.00009676564,0.00006781415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001160545,0.00010787605,0.00015893385,0.000020166695,0.00003549596,0.000015125486,0.00014034145,0.000024851377,0.00021342037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002514104,0.00007816918,0.00007111692,0.00003193272,0.00013425744,0.00003861949,0.00004260152,0.00005216249,0.00001951033],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000087512184,0.0004220077,0.0075609065,0.000088308865,0.0002819139,0.000005307371,0.00012166752,0.00006211908,0.31794512,0.5744511,0.04941111,0.04956291],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.031569254,0.0055189524,0.09295931,0.0015349675,0.001713229,0.000018118479,0.0011480087,0.03162507,0.45060238,0.22883466,0.14762962,0.006846427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007169071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017569035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9017662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003187188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026411253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31876466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2569541191","doi":"10.1038/srep39957","title":"Self-steering partially coherent beams","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; China Scholarship Council; Government of Jiangsu Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Trajectory; Physics; Gaussian; Free space; Optics; Angular momentum; Beam steering; Beam (structure); Invariant (physics); Computer science; Line (geometry); Tracing; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Mathematics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.011410542671174093,"score_gpt":0.24598883775700126,"score_spread":0.23457829508582717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2569541191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.891276,0.00003102863,0.00086784904,0.00014058678,0.012546131,0.0002855607,0.0000038153735,0.00009199424,0.09475701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878793,1.4788938e-7,0.0014660261,0.0000038625117,0.00027791303,0.000020420244,0.000020497791,0.000014655392,0.010317187],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986184,0.000009528115,0.00028455228,0.00044909737,0.00033807984,0.00030031233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980524,0.0000062169506,0.00034112303,0.00139658,0.00008265078,0.000121010045],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047124922,0.000121968245,0.000131509,0.000032286156,0.0009032412,0.0011819481,0.0002574997,0.000022402488,0.00044344363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014918022,0.000111793845,0.00010263773,0.000045439014,0.0001499081,0.00027475622,0.00023933819,0.00008588323,0.00013726199],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000106684965,0.0013970837,0.83144426,0.00014803167,0.0004897452,0.0010310042,0.0025386366,0.00056722714,0.038356535,0.040462974,0.030716186,0.052837618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037515306,0.000051958203,0.013643337,0.00007902515,0.00009531434,0.000044206914,0.000278271,0.0019827476,0.10963888,0.06599349,0.80704916,0.0007684825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049235805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054723346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81780094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024158488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007631404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998549},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2583246764","doi":"10.1063/1.4975593","title":"Frozen Waves following arbitrary spiral and snake-like trajectories in air","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Traverse; Spiral (railway); Waveform; Trajectory; Optics; Physics; Intensity (physics); Optical tweezers; Path (computing); Planar; Acoustics; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Geology; Engineering; Geodesy; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.00908897105930171,"score_gpt":0.22135308510389812,"score_spread":0.2122641140445964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2583246764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98740584,0.0000140900465,0.0004634452,0.0005058471,0.00027780115,0.00019972696,0.000015529957,0.000027316979,0.011090389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99770886,6.057183e-7,0.0009647939,0.00060704345,0.0005340684,0.000038778744,0.000031525542,0.000035862337,0.00007846924],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989822,0.000010453467,0.00017671501,0.00032112192,0.00016628216,0.00034325206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993352,0.000034856483,0.00011342723,0.0004441793,0.0000058687506,0.00006641785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006757533,0.00023271174,0.00026057483,0.0000286005,0.00026742835,0.00011203688,0.00027228965,0.00003280208,0.000011664795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011795074,0.0002395819,0.00010794372,0.000049912534,0.00012143406,0.00029072884,0.00015780253,0.00023524353,0.000021639595],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006198083,0.0004110569,0.5266664,0.00008188599,0.0005156965,0.000057292196,0.0043578804,0.00029214198,0.25539216,0.18996099,0.0015560276,0.020646507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011989774,0.00019388464,0.5846558,0.00031882132,0.00048521766,0.0000029991731,0.0039179,0.00067688373,0.1907813,0.19285773,0.008872265,0.005247402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001936028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004584448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06461087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026601283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016271624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97698665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2584692414","doi":"10.1364/optica.4.000207","title":"Observation of subluminal twisted light in vacuum: reply","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Laguerre polynomials; Physics; Gauss; Angular momentum; Space (punctuation); Position and momentum space; Simple (philosophy); Optics; Quantum mechanics; Quantum electrodynamics; Mathematical physics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.0176528545045331,"score_gpt":0.26060407100582555,"score_spread":0.24295121650129245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2584692414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9447699,0.000009173991,0.00013245459,0.0008338252,0.00010610572,0.00008425096,0.0000068451072,0.000006028728,0.054051384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948588,6.5692706e-7,0.0028219763,0.000015455125,0.00008550912,0.0000075961516,0.000011639836,0.00000863822,0.0021897515],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945253,0.00000926903,0.00018092734,0.00012449009,0.00010282861,0.00012996324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932724,0.000014815893,0.00013946934,0.00043849082,0.00004853102,0.000031437048],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094056326,0.00007145242,0.00012193048,0.000027069753,0.000062231426,0.000045877357,0.00020172182,0.000019341236,0.00015322809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014679685,0.00006999865,0.00004469266,0.000039244645,0.000045921628,0.00015258325,0.00007521147,0.000071461815,0.0000327419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004997864,0.00055177655,0.70264834,0.000055551227,0.0000685788,0.000013452336,0.00079307245,0.00001409207,0.043068454,0.24411839,0.000849844,0.0077684843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015976226,0.00021129665,0.8517258,0.00015822508,0.000058016816,0.0000013449932,0.0004635634,0.0019273133,0.10918591,0.018388538,0.01583876,0.00044356534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015494037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000050870403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22572985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013706895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023362933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28544623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2585258461","doi":"10.1109/icinfa.2016.7831804","title":"Cell out-of-plane rotation control using a cell surgery robotic system equipped with optical tweezers manipulators","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Tweezers; Rotation (mathematics); Computer science; Optics; Physics; Materials science; Computer vision","score_opus":0.015065600158550905,"score_gpt":0.21164195496145205,"score_spread":0.19657635480290114,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2585258461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74770534,0.000012255875,0.24350996,0.000031676853,0.00026219874,0.0002689053,0.000014295368,0.0000406315,0.008154721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966507,2.0746761e-7,0.0024657722,0.0000075390494,0.00012140274,0.000008945752,0.000010739922,0.000033213197,0.00070151186],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879235,0.00004268945,0.00035759114,0.00023073464,0.0002488543,0.0003277644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991609,0.00021815256,0.00019636321,0.0002287497,0.000079170226,0.000116666044],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014136118,0.00019522943,0.00036420717,0.00007535403,0.000048291902,0.000031282234,0.000089827765,0.000043546777,0.00013781109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000023650439,0.00012411784,0.00010973406,0.00008649923,0.00006172618,0.00014134625,0.000026926584,0.0000596601,0.00007634881],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045975536,0.0012195826,0.6143876,0.0011036319,0.00062405964,0.000075398675,0.00044967257,0.014671545,0.2985234,0.06585312,0.0005893278,0.0020429103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018994235,0.0014972539,0.010539256,0.0023547367,0.0024582392,0.000028041288,0.011701525,0.0915275,0.8550662,0.0011335774,0.00030624293,0.004393233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008073063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014210743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60384834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069926384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008115764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50613785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2588362085","doi":"10.1063/1.4976575","title":"Distributed angular double-slit interference with pseudo-thermal light","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Beam splitter; Optics; Physics; Angular momentum; Superposition principle; Orbital angular momentum of light; Interference (communication); Light beam; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum of light; Slit; Double-slit experiment; Beam (structure); Photon; Amplitude; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Laser; Channel (broadcasting)","score_opus":0.009656465282430344,"score_gpt":0.21606054618145507,"score_spread":0.20640408089902473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2588362085","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94040984,0.0000037428974,0.030447584,0.0014785288,0.00013894109,0.00032356885,0.00007596801,0.00006675734,0.027055075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977157,2.5573163e-7,0.00083196635,0.00039717046,0.0006715271,0.0000823905,0.00015570913,0.000050431194,0.00009482839],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986826,0.000009497254,0.000189529,0.0004177767,0.00024784476,0.00045275997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850863,0.000015338348,0.00024888272,0.0010703445,0.00004079559,0.00011603013],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005620875,0.00032176002,0.00027168437,0.000019488793,0.0004205322,0.00034082125,0.00069921295,0.000035294477,0.000100730605],"category_scores_gemma":[5.6332743e-7,0.00027909703,0.00009989066,0.00007442458,0.0002111684,0.00025719125,0.00023553726,0.00027699405,0.00018637083],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002742582,0.00041243745,0.01902613,0.000042198477,0.0005606413,0.000025331135,0.0006364829,0.00082185556,0.780501,0.1855033,0.0036657683,0.008530573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007704206,0.00021027292,0.0141541725,0.00017443078,0.0004277041,0.0000033589781,0.0004076114,0.0004927843,0.9532288,0.0073861177,0.012989545,0.0028210487],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000065987384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011308366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17811719,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003168493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024441968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603141355","doi":"10.1364/ota.2017.ottu3e.2","title":"Unraveling the dynamics of a single streptavidin protein by optical trapping","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Streptavidin; Trapping; Optical tweezers; Transmission (telecommunications); Materials science; Dynamics (music); Physics; Optics; Molecular physics; Chemistry; Biotin; Computer science; Telecommunications; Biology; Acoustics","score_opus":0.01253105170025765,"score_gpt":0.235814057862321,"score_spread":0.22328300616206337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2603141355","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82630897,0.000019938188,0.039009962,0.0018216103,0.00007832823,0.00030773823,0.000038952814,0.000017953374,0.13239653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942686,2.2573585e-7,0.0016419167,0.00000849455,0.00006820055,0.000010580525,0.000011793661,0.000011582214,0.0039786235],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938875,0.000011075112,0.00017120507,0.00012598539,0.00013285564,0.0001700965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935913,0.000024777744,0.000125536,0.0004163211,0.000036742582,0.000037499645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011259369,0.00009348808,0.00011399616,0.000010731462,0.0002182829,0.00011705275,0.00032558106,0.000023708992,0.00018190483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014162575,0.000064838234,0.00007769177,0.000023618551,0.0001408369,0.00009259967,0.00012319037,0.000099390374,0.000009948924],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013059928,0.0005736443,0.00722068,0.00004278584,0.00016571036,0.0000014666266,0.0003269156,0.000064544736,0.12175504,0.8327156,0.00052717235,0.036593415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001680569,0.0004317383,0.001462483,0.00026374534,0.0001399784,0.0000019645074,0.0072657582,0.09936966,0.8343376,0.050484177,0.003611135,0.00095122686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015293316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009231597,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7822314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018322391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018450455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26440263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604689848","doi":"10.1038/ncomms14970","title":"Controlling the orbital angular momentum of high harmonic vortices","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":205,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory; University of Ottawa","funders":"Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Research Chairs; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Extreme ultraviolet; Optics; Optical vortex; High harmonic generation; Wavelength; Laser; Light beam; Vortex; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.014977944121320716,"score_gpt":0.2877072933503174,"score_spread":0.2727293492289967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604689848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9549281,0.005576046,0.00046265544,0.013308323,0.00049514056,0.00046516367,0.0001574923,0.00003486956,0.024572186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99770415,0.000034234043,0.0016549074,0.000035741174,0.000109993496,0.00003534065,0.00004709355,0.0000135519185,0.00036497833],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929243,0.000056219887,0.00022588414,0.000112025875,0.00015960267,0.00015381585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963841,0.00016934158,0.0003603816,0.0029114482,0.0001389946,0.00003572836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020026395,0.000106467545,0.00016289885,0.000025497266,0.00085280446,0.00012941267,0.0021279145,0.000065339416,0.00006463311],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053830223,0.000077723096,0.000112418886,0.000056734327,0.00033796724,0.00017730857,0.0006052679,0.00055418344,0.000017587063],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001178199,0.00034430815,0.02869102,0.0000095799305,0.0003526425,6.793621e-7,0.00042221963,0.00003495266,0.0043766606,0.9620851,0.0012442195,0.0024268362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0078532025,0.00039537015,0.3415548,0.000398948,0.001866421,0.000010408045,0.006934321,0.020294132,0.08936306,0.3338631,0.19523084,0.0022353854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027432587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043265518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.628222,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000147068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034237615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65591687},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606677163","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2017.04.003","title":"Transversely polarized sub-diffraction optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Numerical aperture; Diffraction; Materials science; Photolithography; Optical tweezers; Focal length; Full width at half maximum; Phase (matter); Optical axis; Aperture (computer memory); RADIUS; Optical vortex; Focus (optics); Physics; Lens (geology); Beam (structure); Wavelength","score_opus":0.02374643471946964,"score_gpt":0.2745397572538121,"score_spread":0.25079332253434244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606677163","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44215623,0.00012786612,0.068662636,0.002986819,0.00013333521,0.00058413326,0.00011017386,0.00006418794,0.48517463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97106934,0.00004191319,0.028477678,0.0000067642995,0.00004133784,0.000025828487,0.000065221655,0.000026547319,0.00024534718],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916804,0.00003828089,0.000257203,0.00014421987,0.00018313095,0.00020914026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99704397,0.00012733915,0.00026090283,0.0023145156,0.00015944865,0.0000938075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012245239,0.00014875608,0.00020984942,0.000049353042,0.00060262415,0.00013580995,0.0009801621,0.000051998813,0.000037954498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018776795,0.00014006815,0.00010309181,0.00007713267,0.00043463617,0.0003135223,0.00013448864,0.00029717697,0.00002524033],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000087926215,0.0016925478,0.0671429,0.000033074044,0.0005009574,0.000002539064,0.0009547862,0.00013256866,0.06280934,0.8562976,0.00003710577,0.010308634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014657765,0.0016266324,0.46469826,0.0007100483,0.0026302815,0.00003988852,0.009259298,0.039098702,0.41707972,0.040990133,0.005744367,0.0034649377],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027857054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011682795,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8153075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025313946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006813556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5711813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2607398279","doi":"10.1364/oe.25.009872","title":"Vector optical coherence lattices generating controllable far-field beam profiles","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Coherence theory; Degree of coherence; Scalar (mathematics); Realizability; Polarization (electrochemistry); Spatial coherence; Coherence length; Beam (structure); Laser; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.015896210647854517,"score_gpt":0.2633636420626274,"score_spread":0.2474674314147729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2607398279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89825284,0.00010490866,0.005153791,0.0004644242,0.00071382493,0.0004304711,0.00007031186,0.00006254608,0.0947469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9743187,0.000002743947,0.021234812,0.00006382793,0.00083186943,0.000077548495,0.000017922717,0.00003275978,0.003419852],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986769,0.00001954759,0.00027118242,0.00033442478,0.0002618148,0.000436135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99857175,0.00014837694,0.00023189012,0.0007717293,0.00013000613,0.0001462284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013941278,0.00022992863,0.00028283452,0.000023183151,0.00061543676,0.00078150246,0.00062511297,0.000076575925,0.00038792973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089840156,0.00021351986,0.00009790456,0.000028078397,0.00012985396,0.0003449513,0.00032579398,0.00023706694,0.00010637755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101970494,0.00081715867,0.052307617,0.00014407313,0.000499494,0.000046109948,0.0006622593,0.0017921615,0.56257194,0.36395052,0.0037770625,0.013329644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027997128,0.0004840554,0.0019146721,0.00022544243,0.00023028401,0.000004065712,0.0007950854,0.039714947,0.9349487,0.0059037167,0.011538218,0.0014411294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001244285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003457588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37237674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015602454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005016063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87070876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2609635329","doi":"10.1117/12.2256080","title":"Quantum imaging: quantum imaging, structured light fields, and materials and structures for quantum sensing (Conference Presentation)","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Quantum optics; Quantum imaging; Quantum; Quantum information science; Photonics; Quantum technology; Orbital angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum entanglement; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Open quantum system","score_opus":0.016056578067548087,"score_gpt":0.2772997313126458,"score_spread":0.2612431532450977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2609635329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96647465,0.00021866336,0.026595643,0.0032042975,0.0010719572,0.00063024473,0.00017189934,0.000062334,0.0015703037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961134,0.000006261241,0.0029485333,0.00007511521,0.0003865641,0.000010118482,0.000053634056,0.00003491736,0.0003714617],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986668,0.00003406975,0.0003141914,0.00045300342,0.00015371203,0.00037820268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998918,0.00006335108,0.00027841039,0.00047810754,0.00013529844,0.00012686112],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011833165,0.00029607196,0.00031625046,0.000057637462,0.000625729,0.0012390268,0.00022200093,0.000045049535,0.00020313148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003517583,0.00025307116,0.000056487712,0.00002016577,0.0001991797,0.000529117,0.00024086352,0.000110185414,0.0000031040156],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007264392,0.000036020007,0.035894815,0.00015003867,0.00013062965,0.000010125336,0.0009715674,0.0000029091682,0.054007586,0.8932304,0.0035336216,0.011959677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017191559,0.00006288717,0.04346528,0.00007044613,0.00014114396,0.000026908207,0.0020994162,0.031844962,0.09583723,0.8215737,0.0023302487,0.000828665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073962833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002428324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07165671,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009716382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003769543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611814499","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-01621-7","title":"The Brillouin gain of vector modes in a few-mode fiber","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Brillouin zone; Optics; Optical fiber; Heterodyne detection; Fiber; Brillouin scattering; Physics; Fiber Bragg grating; Angular momentum; Mode volume; Fiber optic sensor; Single-mode optical fiber; Graded-index fiber; Materials science; Laser; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.010927437601216753,"score_gpt":0.2691137125096974,"score_spread":0.2581862749084807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2611814499","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9642486,0.00003834272,0.000046345882,0.00015929429,0.0015263372,0.00016346626,0.000006135252,0.00000699716,0.033804465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825337,2.322695e-7,0.00017118256,0.0000016134892,0.000066813016,0.000012493655,0.0000084082185,0.000008686871,0.01719685],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988819,0.000019260884,0.00031491782,0.00028937112,0.00026791112,0.00022665306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983232,0.000027423459,0.00035314087,0.001183745,0.000068931855,0.00004355467],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00068124983,0.00008599852,0.00012573654,0.000036068992,0.0004642681,0.00038829667,0.000251304,0.000019052459,0.00011370984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049764363,0.00006184679,0.00008628488,0.00007173265,0.00036847545,0.00014467165,0.00015757926,0.00007470565,0.000023453054],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006107999,0.0011778843,0.59947735,0.00012337443,0.00027277527,0.00041581108,0.0041750353,0.0035024222,0.15176746,0.104069754,0.040046565,0.0949105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078027137,0.00007304304,0.057288896,0.00027709105,0.000057328903,0.000030737112,0.001180518,0.008807141,0.31210637,0.42503765,0.19347902,0.0008819355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005193368,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000061496445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5421884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018107985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007483758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3744354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2612904531","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2017.sw4i.3","title":"3.36-Tbit/s OAM and Wavelength Multiplexed Transmission over an Inverse-Parabolic Graded Index Fiber","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexing; Terabit; Transmission (telecommunications); Wavelength-division multiplexing; Optics; Wavelength; Inverse; MIMO; Fiber; Physics; Materials science; Telecommunications; Computer science; Mathematics; Channel (broadcasting)","score_opus":0.01939027845150193,"score_gpt":0.2620703047788688,"score_spread":0.24268002632736685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2612904531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919912,0.000024482333,0.00016931495,0.0003691207,0.000079453785,0.00022642693,0.000025045982,0.000033282467,0.007081664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970863,0.00011446075,0.0005868208,0.00010125473,0.00016067627,0.000013755978,0.000045607278,0.000033017608,0.0018581335],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986497,0.00003712339,0.00021046074,0.00043106446,0.00020356473,0.00046807708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998967,0.00003192213,0.00014897283,0.0004705234,0.00006715416,0.0003144588],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000982511,0.00031319223,0.00030170023,0.000065160275,0.0005060343,0.0003844454,0.00024111649,0.00011694124,0.00021140427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008287438,0.00028091585,0.0000627046,0.00004378105,0.00023614422,0.00032961435,0.00006916935,0.00035065965,0.00001717028],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011548896,0.0019010659,0.0674013,0.00024720206,0.00064666226,0.000057792353,0.003877396,0.00008968015,0.10485958,0.3363645,0.0019979088,0.481402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018463742,0.0045793597,0.14138764,0.00061065913,0.0006272318,0.000023302136,0.0023229795,0.5557995,0.10851472,0.14196208,0.020881997,0.0048268046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014339389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014412439,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5557098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018715536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007686372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2614983887","doi":"10.1039/c7lc00286f","title":"Microfluidic-based high-throughput optical trapping of nanoparticles","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Lab on a Chip","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; NIH Office of the Director; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Microfluidics; Nanoparticle; Tweezers; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Trapping; Throughput; Optofluidics; Optics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.015994343049474787,"score_gpt":0.2537190076322545,"score_spread":0.23772466458277974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2614983887","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9872345,0.00005641028,0.0004586026,0.00094814505,0.00017106684,0.00010418215,0.000031183212,0.000019282768,0.010976628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984596,0.000002283949,0.0010107795,0.00008255202,0.0001625,0.0000087609005,0.00000919128,0.00001713458,0.00024721585],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999247,0.000017938082,0.00018155847,0.00018208189,0.00015075188,0.00022065734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922216,0.000044059085,0.00012012007,0.00051533495,0.0000307689,0.00006757635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009086024,0.0001228291,0.00017982406,0.000025126772,0.00016756792,0.000071365714,0.0002620715,0.0000305419,0.00019426034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014741935,0.000110545036,0.00009035192,0.000032172138,0.00015206046,0.000075716074,0.00006134772,0.00009987701,0.00008165924],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008289386,0.00086328894,0.024308376,0.000056279983,0.00011836317,0.000009679807,0.0002239501,0.0000326814,0.5196151,0.4401634,0.001723825,0.012802163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089597085,0.00015175431,0.014594788,0.000070196846,0.000026579695,2.1945789e-7,0.00005167768,0.00013110036,0.97613275,0.005402987,0.0023760765,0.00016589768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081280064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.641013e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45651764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011808455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003345183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45078957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2618290623","doi":"10.1038/ncomms15536","title":"Measuring the orbital angular momentum spectrum of an electron beam","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Electron; Angular momentum; Physics; Dipole; Wavefront; Wave function; Magnetic moment; Momentum (technical analysis); Magnetic dipole; Optics; Computational physics; Atomic physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.017120884223652766,"score_gpt":0.2818845943939721,"score_spread":0.26476371017031936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2618290623","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9544964,0.0013761821,0.00008458942,0.004660484,0.00019492273,0.0002937491,0.00005686026,0.00003207544,0.03880475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985172,0.000013343688,0.00090858317,0.00001960748,0.00014061152,0.000023549237,0.00006860211,0.000017893686,0.0002906191],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925435,0.000054603595,0.00018004767,0.0001303266,0.00018595332,0.00019472453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996001,0.000053052365,0.00023323939,0.003585519,0.000079642676,0.000047551912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022438486,0.000115192146,0.00013139295,0.00003425205,0.00088803086,0.00011853275,0.002391577,0.00006698792,0.00003800693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002664379,0.00009058995,0.0000953071,0.00006956309,0.00023857855,0.00024306974,0.0005648251,0.0007000213,0.000012394152],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022223234,0.0012711063,0.040330503,0.000016289761,0.00042584434,0.0000014883656,0.0011158894,0.0000611637,0.03248276,0.9202014,0.0013289109,0.0027423766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022434695,0.00056462793,0.21247189,0.00015942597,0.0005272658,0.000017769167,0.0029632773,0.0042711715,0.5225687,0.17416283,0.0785353,0.0015142775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015219167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010210215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7460386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002838293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042650263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6830105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2622847367","doi":"10.1101/147967","title":"Polarization effects and the calibration of a donut beam axial optical tweezers for single-molecule force spectroscopy","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Force spectroscopy; Tweezers; Polarization (electrochemistry); Gaussian beam; Physics; Radiation pressure; Beam (structure); Trapping; Trap (plumbing); Chemistry; Molecule","score_opus":0.007267047518716271,"score_gpt":0.21629899658214743,"score_spread":0.20903194906343117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2622847367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8169725,0.00025786925,0.1793676,0.00030370257,0.00077200844,0.0019555632,0.00023974113,0.00006399075,0.00006702209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917265,0.000006262892,0.0073366626,0.000029039427,0.00060835155,0.00020540065,0.0000029877795,0.00007482633,0.0000099622175],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984931,0.00006606061,0.00036690605,0.0005011485,0.00024217486,0.0003306197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982289,0.00015845783,0.0005227899,0.0007646883,0.00021207173,0.00011308849],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033955512,0.000354519,0.00048595472,0.00007878034,0.00024022776,0.0003272011,0.0003648333,0.00020199611,0.000005333553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011970721,0.00030845703,0.00018341427,0.00008373088,0.00033963044,0.00015886301,0.0003426537,0.00031676155,0.0000014403104],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001141287,0.00013840839,0.0028099432,0.00041250396,0.00020617948,0.0000014157893,0.000018880528,0.000047003727,0.953418,0.042798802,0.000031636526,0.0000030747858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017652797,0.00013379549,0.0021096235,0.0002150998,0.00029408053,5.4682427e-9,0.000003484855,0.0040037194,0.9907512,0.00028545663,0.00006254238,0.0003757283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051222516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.109307e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.174754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065676264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019327275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736034661","doi":"10.1007/s11082-017-1099-z","title":"Propagation characteristics of Bessel-like beams through ABCD optical system","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","keywords":"Bessel function; Superposition principle; Optics; Fourier transform; Ray transfer matrix analysis; Transformation (genetics); Focus (optics); Diffraction; Physics; Beam (structure); Bessel beam; Fractional Fourier transform; Fourier analysis; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0087500795091849,"score_gpt":0.2398319835249112,"score_spread":0.23108190401572629,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2736034661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96360123,0.0002109705,0.020693682,0.00038194493,0.00031318355,0.00030434632,0.000042933218,0.00004146763,0.01441026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997799,0.000040761326,0.0015377227,0.000014178474,0.00025988024,0.000020226747,0.00004513297,0.000029236533,0.00025387006],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99848163,0.000021205435,0.00041378706,0.00031955235,0.00027187937,0.00049191574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989244,0.000059947553,0.000261093,0.00050079636,0.00012896457,0.00012481897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018272304,0.00023251066,0.0004030861,0.00002267112,0.00035939354,0.00017121164,0.0002835412,0.00009818205,0.000019856732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026539137,0.00020066954,0.00010389778,0.000047843103,0.0003155644,0.00026730687,0.00017251028,0.00030319017,0.00002275995],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036786532,0.00019414358,0.0020868934,0.00012540488,0.000075432275,0.0000041554513,0.000073293086,0.0000021589906,0.0031310811,0.9877755,0.00003146301,0.0064636683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012905381,0.010370676,0.08919772,0.0023981486,0.0031930767,0.00023643445,0.0045809564,0.24286984,0.33932045,0.23133458,0.056043666,0.007549055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029888173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013891006,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75644094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047471105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009136166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8183066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736045855","doi":"10.1364/oe.25.017382","title":"Mode conversion efficiency to Laguerre-Gaussian OAM modes using spiral phase optics","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Optical vortex; Spiral (railway); Fresnel number; Azimuth; Gaussian beam; Energy conversion efficiency; Phase (matter); Laguerre polynomials; Bandwidth (computing); Beam (structure); Diffraction; Mathematics; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.027164684541219328,"score_gpt":0.3168423700111774,"score_spread":0.28967768546995804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2736045855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9076372,0.0000144255155,0.06511578,0.00011444455,0.00051580934,0.00033049332,0.00014155853,0.00004241982,0.026087902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96770513,0.0000018317171,0.030525517,0.00003613754,0.0004901458,0.000012699577,0.000029531184,0.000051032355,0.0011479651],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983444,0.000023014592,0.0003027094,0.00042253008,0.00035051507,0.0005568024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828804,0.000025985792,0.00021652039,0.0010544364,0.00011269411,0.00030234997],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011557786,0.0003043796,0.00029934308,0.00008239155,0.0007208563,0.00046144583,0.0007716063,0.00007901317,0.000098197124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020894233,0.0003064037,0.0001400429,0.00006485892,0.00015654399,0.0003973857,0.00055148976,0.00021059302,0.00009733012],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003471662,0.0049527385,0.009663919,0.00025981737,0.000432056,0.00014445903,0.0047662547,0.17868297,0.5319597,0.2546147,0.0012075127,0.012968721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031403427,0.00033054146,0.00011037802,0.00019227754,0.00017070792,0.000003904013,0.0013504073,0.81512076,0.17355537,0.003440613,0.0014738758,0.0011108011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018331483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.974863e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63643783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005477405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059391044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741561414","doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-07810-8","title":"A subwavelength spot and a three-dimensional optical trap formed by a single planar element with azimuthal light","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Diffraction; Numerical aperture; Planar; Optical vortex; Optical tweezers; Full width at half maximum; Near and far field; Wavelength; Beam (structure)","score_opus":0.010622975516488407,"score_gpt":0.22223447109903002,"score_spread":0.2116114955825416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2741561414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913443,0.000037682767,0.00050902663,0.0004481554,0.0008929168,0.00030789513,0.00002198674,0.000022415541,0.0064156754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99492234,8.675123e-8,0.0017009276,0.00000971455,0.00010013431,0.000023374683,0.00007862632,0.000019239938,0.0031455709],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980941,0.0000087191265,0.00031228183,0.00063326256,0.0005400362,0.0004116313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986033,0.00001703023,0.00029206547,0.0007840556,0.000087064414,0.00021651459],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004128768,0.00019573167,0.00020736498,0.000050930284,0.0007735366,0.00067415717,0.00015219882,0.000035869656,0.00017125139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013219906,0.00014915127,0.000064135034,0.000061203085,0.00038388182,0.00026861337,0.00011417585,0.000119687764,0.000012742249],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037627717,0.005113713,0.52525645,0.0001922513,0.0010070716,0.0030895262,0.0020194487,0.00003953306,0.30155492,0.02534445,0.08313848,0.052867852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005956649,0.0021772005,0.05015844,0.0006265751,0.0005565249,0.0014589466,0.0011622375,0.003618903,0.51977736,0.13226745,0.27856964,0.0036700864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005310306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047898255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47509804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029713285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009673394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65009135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2748190844","doi":"10.1117/12.2273358","title":"Nanohole optical tweezers in heterogeneous mixture analysis","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Molecule; Trapping; Optical mapping; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Biological system; Chemistry; Physics; Optics; Biology","score_opus":0.007832584026648921,"score_gpt":0.2590731883571601,"score_spread":0.25124060433051115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2748190844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90251505,0.000012591767,0.0017854796,0.00032540085,0.00008386716,0.00006792928,0.000010144335,0.000013429599,0.095186085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952032,4.83683e-7,0.0012466116,0.00003277274,0.00008751542,0.0000071915783,0.000015376476,0.000008830556,0.0033980461],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932075,0.00000970851,0.00013798621,0.00019598754,0.0001156953,0.00021985827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932843,0.000013268059,0.000054889162,0.00051115244,0.000018939118,0.00007333666],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006254602,0.00010628049,0.00018114287,0.00007132897,0.00011777866,0.00014757585,0.00027664303,0.000033835335,0.0009212653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049138653,0.00009185375,0.00016734556,0.00008882277,0.00006347405,0.00009782841,0.00012596553,0.00009684435,0.00010770703],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000119449505,0.0003386494,0.9428488,0.0000060767898,0.00087172986,0.000043423817,0.00017171646,0.0015632346,0.001843766,0.043281946,0.0003475994,0.008671135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006385351,0.0005709058,0.6402859,0.00007783251,0.0030565055,0.000010009711,0.0018857482,0.055603754,0.21138424,0.05482246,0.021907154,0.0040101516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027358532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006706441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3025629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016551367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011830408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999992},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2749859802","doi":"10.1063/1.4999219","title":"Polarization dependent nanostructuring of silicon with femtosecond vortex pulse","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"APL Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","keywords":"Materials science; Femtosecond; Conical surface; Optics; Silicon; Perpendicular; Polarization (electrochemistry); Vortex; Molecular physics; Atomic physics; Laser; Physics; Mechanics; Composite material; Optoelectronics; Geometry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006412401155985775,"score_gpt":0.22248725336240624,"score_spread":0.21607485220642048,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2749859802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854222,0.00002655734,0.00022692759,0.000026240286,0.00015370979,0.00016676135,0.000044382763,0.000011156599,0.013922075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984664,0.0000017285985,0.0006448031,0.000012950807,0.000043163447,0.0000067509213,0.000027676882,0.000022423472,0.0007741288],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992772,0.000009374308,0.00017212813,0.00018568631,0.00016935614,0.0001862955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903524,0.000012172473,0.0002659807,0.0005682276,0.00006352012,0.0000548687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000615877,0.00012988332,0.00015919883,0.00002824222,0.00017254762,0.00009317391,0.00027577567,0.000036184403,0.0003020377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006486328,0.00011538459,0.000050384802,0.000028127586,0.00007816504,0.00021720595,0.000116740615,0.00011424453,0.000011718218],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000097803335,0.00036866762,0.684873,0.00011848204,0.0004527796,0.00001679048,0.00094775116,0.00028731706,0.20729075,0.09176355,0.000031189957,0.013751962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014902239,0.00020182444,0.11807604,0.000068797846,0.0001034225,0.0000058499772,0.00037978851,0.0018832467,0.8635912,0.01313552,0.00061622524,0.00044789445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040266148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003692536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6563004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018793517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004991365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4705247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755267400","doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-00829-5","title":"Observation of nanoscale magnetic fields using twisted electron beams","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; Canada Research Chairs; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; University of Ottawa; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; Università Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Electron holography; Electron; Magnetic field; Physics; Lorentz force; Magnetic moment; Electron magnetic dipole moment; Condensed matter physics; Nanoscopic scale; Holography; Plane wave; Electron optics; Optics; Magnetic dipole; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.027077992177988616,"score_gpt":0.3075644252987872,"score_spread":0.2804864331207986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2755267400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97657967,0.0012550283,0.0007237305,0.001670774,0.00017782663,0.00020180004,0.00003416446,0.000019521522,0.019337496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875391,0.00001549682,0.011695674,0.000032657612,0.000052829804,0.000008396436,0.00007338,0.0000096836975,0.0005727651],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952424,0.00003018378,0.00015475244,0.00008640018,0.000094170035,0.00011025791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978417,0.000044974786,0.00018984653,0.0017753618,0.00012293362,0.000025164667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000693131,0.00007457454,0.000101601196,0.000026696562,0.00036856392,0.00004791311,0.0009011189,0.00009451024,0.00004107434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025666066,0.00007672179,0.000060322825,0.00006226983,0.00011209618,0.00013161192,0.00027278057,0.00038558166,0.0000044727853],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021444526,0.0010372258,0.33642778,0.000047390975,0.00017948859,4.6349817e-7,0.0008237468,0.00018320607,0.08968218,0.5513938,0.0021232131,0.018080063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002765728,0.0005191351,0.61312056,0.00035741867,0.000588336,0.000004909938,0.0006660689,0.049004342,0.15504573,0.074776314,0.10165439,0.0014970606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017696898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049628277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4766175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018934687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035273995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3128624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2757785377","doi":"10.1103/physreva.96.033850","title":"Small-amplitude front due to a laser-radiation force in opaque colloidal media","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Brock University","keywords":"Opacity; Physics; Amplitude; Shock wave; Absorption (acoustics); Laser; Wave propagation; Front (military); Mechanics; Wavefront; Optics; Electromagnetic radiation; Radiation; Computational physics","score_opus":0.01978567067431437,"score_gpt":0.3401622726527735,"score_spread":0.32037660197845913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2757785377","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9346111,0.024785304,0.0034803827,0.008127051,0.00057638146,0.0060257865,0.00032026178,0.00012590874,0.021947827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893606,0.0052352045,0.00046369736,0.0017685125,0.001606697,0.0010398423,0.00012835178,0.000084698026,0.00031240843],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99651617,0.00023418192,0.00082261954,0.00091258483,0.0006777156,0.0008367596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966817,0.00038615885,0.00055976905,0.0016248036,0.0001697184,0.0005778315],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051414303,0.00064725266,0.0019185413,0.00005967627,0.00026054893,0.00018306251,0.0011900266,0.00004351734,0.00011982056],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007941752,0.00055464235,0.0008133503,0.00031488147,0.00014184097,0.0004135661,0.0005529343,0.00059334,0.001739784],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001501695,0.009769293,0.017415762,0.0171242,0.00065963663,0.00017412653,0.0016144612,0.0000961822,0.026379367,0.27170995,0.022572998,0.6323338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0063745035,0.0017917749,0.103296295,0.08358693,0.0032503854,0.000018863904,0.00016744478,0.008853211,0.049870074,0.43054396,0.30389163,0.00835495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024320142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052954387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6239789,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017600806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013941205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2763560012","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.121.183602","title":"Generation of a Lattice of Spin-Orbit Beams via Coherent Averaging","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institute of Standards and Technology; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Lattice (music); Angular momentum; Optical lattice; Realization (probability); Computational physics; Spin (aerodynamics); Optics; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.025475210053081645,"score_gpt":0.30099309052193923,"score_spread":0.2755178804688576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2763560012","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9824397,0.00063965324,0.014187104,0.0010590232,0.00013373911,0.0003068385,0.000011842347,0.000009769138,0.0012123293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972496,0.000036342746,0.00090452144,0.0010465425,0.0006970431,0.000016188967,0.000021041806,0.000013475009,0.000015227918],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916977,0.000042283547,0.0002786295,0.00015807703,0.00020364611,0.00014757714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940413,0.0000291085,0.0002035949,0.0002428943,0.00007704138,0.000043228396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009190047,0.0001216379,0.00031608748,0.00001792858,0.000028981605,0.000007123094,0.00012613898,0.000004505848,0.00015917391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059368867,0.000105363484,0.00016569873,0.00013738898,0.00010905024,0.00007966314,0.000055767257,0.000078247256,0.000067008776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010095996,0.00084523886,0.0036261408,0.0019630652,0.0003150844,0.0000013699092,0.0006496065,0.00015372911,0.9251242,0.020955678,0.005905236,0.04045055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018507614,0.001001623,0.00369177,0.0071683964,0.0014777458,0.0000032704404,0.000079813144,0.06965656,0.87837714,0.0070909625,0.02793274,0.0016692018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003860466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.5090472e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06950283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001503533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000109918865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42965984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765756368","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.1700552","title":"Free-space propagation of high-dimensional structured optical fields in an urban environment","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":199,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Royal Academy of Engineering","keywords":"Free space; Space (punctuation); Computer science; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.006897416110233627,"score_gpt":0.24868496591679853,"score_spread":0.24178754980656492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765756368","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975846,0.00002906508,0.001007752,0.00026557973,0.0001650121,0.00009788109,0.0000125151055,0.0000036941888,0.0008339237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99218535,5.2126614e-7,0.007638287,0.0000059161844,0.000063158346,0.000005499177,0.0000035589032,0.0000030758683,0.00009463445],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991873,0.000007724321,0.00011710664,0.00021594513,0.00030491975,0.00016699264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993708,0.000010986758,0.00011038921,0.00042766807,0.000024567811,0.00005556251],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013584427,0.00006988272,0.00009155229,0.000037536454,0.00018388448,0.000053864842,0.0004605614,0.000015176692,0.00007687946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019525467,0.00005810338,0.000017317778,0.00004876667,0.0006206095,0.0008751467,0.00015724807,0.00006972604,0.0000033066044],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005405586,0.000504024,0.34994575,0.000026902182,0.000011219217,0.000006024349,0.00089064345,0.017845444,0.2144887,0.3434139,0.000042054122,0.0727713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007433207,0.00032624367,0.28024518,0.000039303006,0.000009160035,5.985142e-7,0.00036166434,0.0033435957,0.5917206,0.12269506,0.00022403724,0.0002912656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046095807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017571523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37723187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002088786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043979144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2369387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765805967","doi":"10.1038/s41467-017-01215-x","title":"Single-shot measurement of the orbital-angular-momentum spectrum of light","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Science and Engineering Research Board; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","keywords":"Interferometry; Angular spectrum method; Spectrum (functional analysis); Measure (data warehouse); Azimuth; Parametric statistics; Stability (learning theory)","score_opus":0.03498046513499392,"score_gpt":0.2810628398404922,"score_spread":0.24608237470549826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765805967","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47552708,0.0054366947,0.00017858935,0.03406445,0.0013898492,0.0011465276,0.00027120867,0.000044134405,0.48194146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998859,0.0000075925177,0.00069467764,0.0000164498,0.000060518967,0.0000139872645,0.000012854332,0.000014371532,0.00032058102],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902683,0.00006376728,0.00028803386,0.000116779884,0.00035969022,0.0001448723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952976,0.00003625707,0.00049756543,0.0039080107,0.00022478795,0.00003578615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023843166,0.000118005824,0.00018233641,0.000035563608,0.0004187769,0.000042096664,0.0023014883,0.00007431805,0.000062316925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006528027,0.00008914014,0.00017519826,0.000100036734,0.00027214587,0.000103841645,0.00093323627,0.00044144565,0.0000058163587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017313934,0.0023783573,0.09764873,0.000053090058,0.00054831605,4.249151e-7,0.00090395927,0.00000923848,0.2767772,0.6149107,0.005411969,0.0013406817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087965146,0.0001228487,0.064193875,0.00026114294,0.0002515301,0.0000017872035,0.00060345774,0.00010909913,0.83672243,0.023606572,0.07284671,0.00040089237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000700626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009793473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5913041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046595123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005953727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42767763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766544113","doi":"10.1103/physreva.96.053859","title":"Perfect polarization for arbitrary light beams","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Quantum; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Theoretical physics; Stokes parameters; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013600943731258882,"score_gpt":0.3565022352857888,"score_spread":0.3429012915545299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2766544113","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57998806,0.17001799,0.027561102,0.032036826,0.0020197157,0.020057151,0.0011045996,0.0006292587,0.16658531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98217756,0.009646109,0.00067883905,0.0019745482,0.0033170786,0.000957321,0.00032054348,0.0001367772,0.0007912188],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99721825,0.00013569595,0.0006093868,0.0007891666,0.00056077185,0.0006866984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969099,0.00023482046,0.0006728056,0.0016025476,0.00023550403,0.00034439962],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000361125,0.00060273387,0.001509396,0.000029969728,0.0005832765,0.00018603525,0.0009940279,0.00003776343,0.00014256092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037161016,0.00048158248,0.0014237652,0.00020469906,0.0001691701,0.0006247618,0.0003269735,0.00046213454,0.0006850168],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048419402,0.004787863,0.0050104638,0.022648605,0.0007019047,0.000009415025,0.00016555323,0.0000025896686,0.065670736,0.6529005,0.020791246,0.22726268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019330174,0.0011052389,0.0042923857,0.031768672,0.00371342,0.000005213692,0.000021101476,0.0044987462,0.057874143,0.3929861,0.49869758,0.0031043685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003283658,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8494203e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47790635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005545339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009529628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2766596698","doi":"10.1109/apusncursinrsm.2017.8072571","title":"Metasurface solar sail","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Solar sail; Radiation pressure; Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Spacecraft; Propulsion; Aerospace engineering; Wavelength; Radiation; Optics; Astrobiology; Astronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.014039492874844035,"score_gpt":0.26180581229726313,"score_spread":0.24776631942241908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2766596698","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33376253,0.00002007095,0.004619125,0.00059853407,0.00025123294,0.000068025336,0.000010636854,0.000027373264,0.6606425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9668201,3.9084276e-7,0.0030657945,0.000026247126,0.00011150125,0.0000027595825,0.0000033586905,0.000007777193,0.029962044],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996297,0.000005237252,0.00006358675,0.00009764827,0.00007646705,0.00012736474],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994462,0.0000067491674,0.000049672937,0.00043520797,0.000019235049,0.000042946005],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059956572,0.00006409954,0.00007397921,0.0000068242894,0.00023559216,0.00014708104,0.00022652325,0.00001059132,0.0020271083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003811755,0.000053140433,0.000055320077,0.000007932625,0.00003915428,0.00015249068,0.00011055711,0.000052900778,0.0007729132],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006776144,0.00028636595,0.25981393,0.000011617522,0.00031652546,0.0000068080863,0.00020031327,0.000036940615,0.0070760064,0.6529064,0.020020496,0.05931777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018404119,0.00012719107,0.070119165,0.000026043374,0.0001683487,0.0000017711394,0.0008746716,0.0024842725,0.20765941,0.14342129,0.5720749,0.0012025079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016135932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020804237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6330576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004629672,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009776453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99888515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770028893","doi":"10.23919/ursigass.2017.8104981","title":"Force tracing and its application in optical manipulation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Tracing; Lorentz force; Ray tracing (physics); Computer science; Computer graphics (images); Optics; Physics; Magnetic field","score_opus":0.01553996707476562,"score_gpt":0.26760618775254214,"score_spread":0.2520662206777765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2770028893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9183718,0.000005871581,0.01682296,0.00018679397,0.000019356528,0.000113278475,7.5167793e-7,0.000006838958,0.064472325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984715,3.7377606e-7,0.0005117095,0.0000055985047,0.000058535246,0.00001092719,0.000004806892,0.0000041158187,0.0009324219],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972814,0.000002388359,0.0000688643,0.000088161156,0.00004056916,0.000071858325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981934,0.0000074120153,0.000030708274,0.00011149335,0.000009238088,0.000021787955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044680353,0.000039624607,0.00004476555,0.000013046445,0.00007554305,0.000051369,0.00005051117,0.000013729874,0.000025142712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026494413,0.00003765203,0.000010255264,0.0000076113347,0.000010523079,0.00016174947,0.000036618727,0.00003750779,0.000018944667],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000035744754,0.00004735184,0.14722253,0.00000971005,0.0000057014718,4.4232416e-7,0.00011973809,0.000113364826,0.0049576634,0.81824404,0.000005819073,0.029270042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000905177,0.000037641825,0.65830314,0.00002695019,0.00001666932,0.0000012011822,0.00034595045,0.2386983,0.026369728,0.07474992,0.000243966,0.00030137206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046936148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000087037515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74349415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000066508596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027254268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1535405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770071364","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.119.263602","title":"Sorting Photons by Radial Quantum Number","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; China Scholarship Council; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Paraxial approximation; Superposition principle; Photon; Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Field (mathematics); Optics; Angular momentum; Sorting; Azimuth; Fourier transform; Orbital angular momentum of light; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum entanglement; Computer science; Algorithm; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01366987496537947,"score_gpt":0.3036609173910696,"score_spread":0.2899910424256901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2770071364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9714045,0.00057677744,0.00051408174,0.009870083,0.00032050913,0.00038491155,0.000050281444,0.000041376847,0.016837515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99609834,0.00009287508,0.00009900847,0.0027510352,0.00072710036,0.000049257604,0.00003062279,0.000028153056,0.00012363328],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998958,0.00003391959,0.00021173322,0.00025777938,0.00020702626,0.00033154065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899733,0.000044112054,0.00024917498,0.0005758456,0.000018753155,0.00011476086],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009702471,0.00019078888,0.00034321885,0.0000058501396,0.00029274527,0.00012312122,0.00040179346,0.0000058402024,0.00036533066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023785547,0.0001672178,0.00027300842,0.000035291996,0.00012483404,0.00021625182,0.00013367625,0.00020288686,0.00086556753],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017145725,0.0015069469,0.0607809,0.0014500722,0.0006108464,0.00003182709,0.00039173465,0.000018133398,0.1948273,0.09759506,0.58020085,0.06256917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003627258,0.00023661714,0.0065984987,0.006391044,0.0015040532,0.00001057951,0.00011918898,0.009308675,0.039508585,0.040999137,0.8868822,0.004814205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000094879266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.9673182e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3066813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019629579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012144772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770563021","doi":"10.23919/ursigass.2017.8105367","title":"Space-time (ST) reflection focusing in dispersion-engineered medium","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Reflection (computer programming); Dispersion (optics); Optics; Space (punctuation); Pulse (music); Materials science; Physics; Optoelectronics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009903232999627712,"score_gpt":0.2520959477558329,"score_spread":0.24219271475620519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2770563021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8114515,0.000015330863,0.0031323282,0.0022726888,0.00048052086,0.00015834789,0.000009175349,0.000047334546,0.1824328],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897731,8.914155e-7,0.001275987,0.000009334705,0.00031990508,0.000004730426,0.000011895788,0.000013981964,0.008590151],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994431,0.000008818727,0.00010839141,0.0001470287,0.000106084655,0.00018657083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955004,0.000013753848,0.000055517277,0.00030987346,0.000020661739,0.000050156585],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008282646,0.00009627991,0.00010881257,0.000048852988,0.0001610817,0.000111616595,0.00014572915,0.000028377608,0.0009294701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010098567,0.00008663836,0.000050168925,0.00004074117,0.00003169468,0.0002371147,0.00009027365,0.00010428294,0.00017870076],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012751731,0.001493607,0.31764072,0.00009085002,0.00038387315,0.000051153667,0.002081849,0.0012007953,0.42291245,0.178123,0.02781335,0.048080835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008927809,0.0005638358,0.20442617,0.00054869737,0.00020627146,0.000010622176,0.0031113923,0.086639576,0.5192812,0.09144074,0.0811955,0.0036481624],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031952924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016569873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17832164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003988289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001822635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772373559","doi":"10.1364/ol.43.003297","title":"Inverse prism based on temporal discontinuity and spatial dispersion","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Prism; Lissajous curve; Birefringence; Dispersion (optics); Physics; Inverse; Discontinuity (linguistics); Polarization (electrochemistry); Superposition principle; Monochromatic color; Mathematics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.0061279312281636925,"score_gpt":0.21254905253471196,"score_spread":0.20642112130654827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2772373559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724958,0.0000012450193,0.019144895,0.0026693179,0.00028878686,0.00013591711,0.000016157088,0.000021588836,0.0052263257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934372,2.067663e-7,0.004794201,0.00094843743,0.00053490413,0.0000045207917,0.000034486202,0.000018123606,0.00022795866],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927324,0.00002252016,0.000119581935,0.00021624281,0.0001592787,0.00020912886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995934,0.000025224033,0.00005883251,0.00021888381,0.000015829823,0.00008782669],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007289917,0.0001418016,0.00011223053,0.000041667357,0.00011095418,0.000067907655,0.00009046493,0.000026451258,0.0001253505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000459515,0.00012771209,0.0000528251,0.000053511114,0.00019742068,0.000075683354,0.00006706586,0.000120487515,0.00007136676],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034731734,0.0012609097,0.8174522,0.00007804892,0.00023822657,0.000059891812,0.0025171323,0.00032697583,0.07306454,0.014835054,0.029923217,0.05989647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009330348,0.0024692179,0.0815107,0.00039270576,0.00036999068,0.0000040490067,0.0011436916,0.79306334,0.056696456,0.0037265066,0.04798607,0.0033069446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018090301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011538552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79273635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021852466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012776741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5207948},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2773003204","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2016.08.003","title":"Publishers Note","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Fiber Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Multiplexing; Dimension (graph theory); Optical fiber; Emphasis (telecommunications); Optics; Computer science; Optical communication; Physics; Spatial multiplexing; Mode (computer interface); Telecommunications; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; MIMO; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.004386085628971259,"score_gpt":0.224726783329956,"score_spread":0.22034069770098474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2773003204","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37405008,0.000029001854,0.022640042,0.029982725,0.0003981301,0.00022992738,0.00002401583,0.0005026008,0.5721435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773501,3.542532e-7,0.009397369,0.000044224777,0.00012969969,0.00002494853,0.0000029730797,0.000020383584,0.01302991],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914145,0.0000063219645,0.00015102589,0.0002401226,0.00010579887,0.00035528265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994413,0.000051760562,0.000031030348,0.00035379626,0.000047940426,0.00007414862],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000502438,0.000120216944,0.00013793258,0.00010215762,0.00004307984,0.00004024233,0.00026157813,0.00011888111,0.003689712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003115727,0.00008005423,0.00006228014,0.00022432876,0.00027065777,0.00019589363,0.00018135764,0.00014232026,0.0024387753],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039736346,0.00007401204,0.0035721157,0.0000017734652,0.000029283747,0.0000047910844,0.000005600197,3.106361e-7,0.007887275,0.64099497,0.0023469755,0.34507892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011649458,0.0002074423,0.0006071328,0.000037187598,0.000041872907,0.000010130377,0.00011520764,0.00003265723,0.08949942,0.41397426,0.49375755,0.00055219926],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000035042976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.8335973e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60330003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028601007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002028306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2773336022","doi":"10.1109/jqe.2017.2780448","title":"Integrated Circularly Polarized OAM Generator and Multiplexer for Fiber Transmission","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexer; Multiplexing; Optics; Physics; Demultiplexer; Single-mode optical fiber; Optical fiber; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.017223783143565964,"score_gpt":0.2687276988581266,"score_spread":0.2515039157145606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2773336022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8002221,0.0014882381,0.19694166,0.0005907374,0.0003855157,0.00024196229,0.000033445303,0.000008795855,0.00008751614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926298,0.000073673924,0.0062510245,0.000032518703,0.00054367795,0.0000058273304,0.0000078614485,0.00003964488,0.00041591594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987926,0.00003847281,0.0004254124,0.00016067967,0.00020890248,0.00037394091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986988,0.000055348963,0.0005428743,0.000252077,0.00028742687,0.00016347897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003650507,0.00020126959,0.00035063707,0.00007086637,0.00036222427,0.00025365065,0.00031949862,0.00007789233,0.00006483212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023826506,0.00016140923,0.00023889584,0.00003719057,0.000072860115,0.00036713222,0.000018619494,0.0003899253,0.0000041713583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035961586,0.00031564245,0.0017561376,0.000044204575,0.0004938061,0.000012083197,0.0002666421,0.000039833616,0.9591402,0.012049358,0.0007616275,0.024760839],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02370003,0.0049310927,0.0016284417,0.00057481986,0.0013857331,0.00024847614,0.0005427597,0.18455324,0.4137009,0.08399627,0.28256145,0.0021767616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023853341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014367083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5454393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006197977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026167196,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6582078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2773843899","doi":"10.1109/ipcon.2017.8116247","title":"All-fiber OAM generation/conversion using helically patterned photonic crystal fiber","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Photonic-crystal fiber; Photonic crystal; Optics; Materials science; Fiber; Refractive index; Angular momentum; Optoelectronics; Photonics; Graded-index fiber; Generator (circuit theory); Optical fiber; Physics; Fiber optic sensor; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.032130869389357546,"score_gpt":0.2772087811587359,"score_spread":0.24507791176937832,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2773843899","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95532775,0.000007552295,0.0016791532,0.00029076572,0.00022277914,0.00015747563,0.000018606845,0.000026768817,0.042269148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9729024,7.2518174e-7,0.0039480226,0.00017237607,0.00055329246,0.000007082226,0.000052154202,0.000024454492,0.022339502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911004,0.000017351063,0.00017719471,0.00025574982,0.00018073,0.00025893602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920046,0.000010177643,0.0001224139,0.00050851726,0.000060849252,0.000097608],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000072261435,0.00015755456,0.00013641342,0.000024487284,0.00034057887,0.00029345724,0.00024135987,0.00004479908,0.016567022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030596527,0.00014172969,0.00011564383,0.000018000945,0.000056944944,0.00031059122,0.00022123131,0.000102122096,0.00094816985],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009262346,0.0016773759,0.10911121,0.0001205652,0.0013888477,0.00006104188,0.0009247233,0.0014792234,0.799,0.013320559,0.038738724,0.034085065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056800223,0.0002934163,0.011209785,0.00011077729,0.00042052267,0.000016473066,0.00039788682,0.15796274,0.5843885,0.0030471708,0.23387285,0.0025998463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042718777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045847487,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21461153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000402878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037829734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2780264076","doi":"10.1016/bs.po.2017.10.003","title":"Optical Tweezers: Fundamentals and Some Biophysical Applications","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Progress in optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Generalitat Valenciana; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Nanotechnology; Optical force; Tweezers; Nanolithography; Physics; Optics; Materials science","score_opus":0.016476712645935972,"score_gpt":0.28017514700860346,"score_spread":0.2636984343626675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2780264076","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.004915615,0.0041150013,0.000514576,0.000793198,0.0005098869,0.002403442,0.0005657538,0.00012514048,0.9860574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5346395,0.00061469624,0.026169667,0.00012567789,0.005863027,0.0012007444,0.0009266352,0.0005346273,0.42992547],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984126,0.000007087066,0.0003861909,0.00052023085,0.0002977737,0.00037610388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987614,0.000059580387,0.00026321478,0.00068648905,0.000056933615,0.00017235451],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009384213,0.00042616058,0.0004945676,0.00010725158,0.0001635484,0.00028427455,0.0004026679,0.00021190931,0.00012933911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025612871,0.00043706218,0.00013942918,0.000014532355,0.0008557327,0.00017628436,0.00048105826,0.000565204,0.00017339969],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006704404,0.00015552292,0.0019840447,0.00007322272,0.0001102922,0.000012658487,0.000045003642,0.0000010368278,0.000008725184,0.95231366,0.000069286696,0.04521985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014948153,0.00030768212,0.0005394585,0.0006790418,0.0004353656,0.0000102941485,0.0001253532,0.0007562455,0.0004942505,0.81806636,0.17508337,0.00200775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000026309415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.5991505e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5561319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006215374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060117705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2782018016","doi":"10.1109/lpt.2018.2789840","title":"All-Fiber OAM Generation/Conversion Using Helically Patterned Photonic Crystal Fiber","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Photonic-crystal fiber; Materials science; Fiber; Photonic crystal; Optoelectronics; Plastic optical fiber; Microstructured optical fiber; Optics; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Fiber optic sensor; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.016297737694882193,"score_gpt":0.25133457301335127,"score_spread":0.23503683531846908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2782018016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99240553,0.000024653391,0.0032220057,0.0022181831,0.0006502428,0.00035947838,0.00004046055,0.0002156365,0.00086383265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884868,0.0000025132833,0.008196565,0.0021823505,0.0004442399,0.000047479763,0.000045369885,0.00007345802,0.0005211802],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.997985,0.00003637441,0.00042438178,0.0006123551,0.0002676833,0.00067419285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988328,0.000022512568,0.00021310609,0.0007087135,0.000122579,0.000100277044],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013927232,0.00035597652,0.00030441882,0.0002645849,0.0002553552,0.00007972202,0.00048170637,0.00022616712,0.0023210756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053296226,0.00037350273,0.00016595413,0.0003553568,0.00048517087,0.00018880659,0.00020641093,0.00044853947,0.0011166347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015001121,0.00013202922,0.001825837,0.000010145209,0.00020737409,0.00001757434,0.000091740854,0.00015324769,0.9920861,0.00029815917,0.004352601,0.0008101773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009543111,0.00013651852,0.000039467446,0.000026268895,0.000115193914,0.000025972759,0.00006567074,0.018472467,0.94126886,0.000561966,0.037714634,0.0006186702],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008709804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042670813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050817255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017484279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006911454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783522249","doi":"10.1109/jphot.2018.2790175","title":"Generation of Perfect Cylindrical Vector Beams With Complete Control Over the Ring Width and Ring Diameter","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE photonics journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Ring (chemistry); Optics; Bessel function; Optical vortex; Optical tweezers; Lens (geology); Spatial light modulator; Controller (irrigation); Beam (structure)","score_opus":0.021604287120977707,"score_gpt":0.24489531445281684,"score_spread":0.22329102733183914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783522249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9719225,0.00007499574,0.026748056,0.00007107985,0.0003006158,0.00012657575,0.000017634584,0.00000464481,0.000733886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969054,0.0000045636693,0.0021846509,0.00006230041,0.000792232,0.000004945257,0.000001507457,0.000018504916,0.000025930489],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991789,0.000052898613,0.00021717124,0.00012683152,0.00021720736,0.00020702828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994247,0.00006796858,0.00017896014,0.00014679704,0.000105537925,0.00007604305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002371469,0.00012610904,0.0001757731,0.000033920336,0.00024318448,0.00012075632,0.00011669345,0.000023372866,0.00012119879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000047233957,0.00007920061,0.00007043617,0.00006445814,0.00015285856,0.0001192208,0.000025630812,0.00027103684,0.000004475138],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005633014,0.00074055063,0.20672774,0.000065482476,0.0023280666,0.000034236058,0.0060520475,0.007493015,0.74608016,0.012818785,0.00065754465,0.016439062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0093189925,0.0025181111,0.056155346,0.0002459611,0.00064213097,0.00030115136,0.00042160763,0.7449846,0.1774919,0.0033816292,0.003526281,0.0010122326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026487098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005771239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7374916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002869783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004055359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32297072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2785436463","doi":"10.1063/1.5046154","title":"Theory of optical forces on small particles by multiple plane waves","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Superposition principle; Isotropy; Optical force; Plane (geometry); Plane wave; Particle (ecology)","score_opus":0.012415310065841073,"score_gpt":0.221168882968336,"score_spread":0.20875357290249494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2785436463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813473,0.000018888328,0.0063657775,0.000020145539,0.00012643816,0.00007872556,0.000030904182,0.0000054625975,0.012006306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970323,0.00000146164,0.0021256597,0.000035860732,0.00069993,0.0000020377372,0.000007777098,0.000018437051,0.00007654165],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991695,0.000015600452,0.0003342482,0.00009754466,0.0001944005,0.0001886763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999153,0.00019689927,0.0003326662,0.00015125866,0.00009382471,0.000072357245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016579308,0.00013314719,0.00025029157,0.000022365632,0.000050918614,0.000023723276,0.00018724782,0.000028933684,0.000062596475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000056465656,0.00010426653,0.00011431695,0.00007495206,0.00018312871,0.00005892827,0.000043379056,0.00016718794,0.0000319663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00087678235,0.0016760544,0.0026180681,0.000037534955,0.00054678315,0.0000023355165,0.0016655696,0.0012172892,0.3737779,0.55805063,0.0025605932,0.056970455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008551941,0.00047736295,0.00023800344,0.000031502535,0.0000663262,8.3268145e-7,0.0007515618,0.00046366843,0.89139855,0.104555085,0.0010223847,0.00013955815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000019425015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7259437e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5176206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012326409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027939343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42518657},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788960604","doi":"10.1364/boe.9.001229","title":"Biophotonics feature: introduction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Biophotonics; Feature (linguistics); Computer science; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Materials science; Photonics","score_opus":0.006299434789490841,"score_gpt":0.23665740299910665,"score_spread":0.2303579682096158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2788960604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7062854,0.00033285553,0.13561039,0.016501939,0.018254729,0.0012035493,0.00041063054,0.0006217796,0.120778725],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94999677,0.0000050228273,0.03105153,0.0001407591,0.0130598005,0.000026893997,0.00018666456,0.000043695763,0.0054888506],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987676,0.000023122277,0.00019790084,0.00031479367,0.0003476381,0.00034894844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991763,0.000026122105,0.00007555278,0.00039390032,0.00011919415,0.00020891661],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013056926,0.00016877416,0.00016318509,0.000070708906,0.0001287806,0.00006940827,0.00026490953,0.000094868476,0.0020614543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020307945,0.00014838742,0.00008147198,0.00026345873,0.0004782547,0.000098000644,0.00016586212,0.00020003105,0.00040418183],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009722314,0.0015784315,0.0013449363,0.00006183408,0.00035247466,0.000018045785,0.0007432613,0.0000061764354,0.24692199,0.20519404,0.52295065,0.020730935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006941674,0.00033327256,0.00013783074,0.000020997937,0.00005029354,0.000006152734,0.00023767001,0.0028015277,0.074344255,0.006095897,0.91486895,0.0004089908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009240705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7383104e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39191827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027879496,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043119468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792217460","doi":"10.1038/lsa.2017.156","title":"Spiniform phase-encoded metagratings entangling arbitrary rational-order orbital angular momentum","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Superposition principle; Angular momentum; Physics; Quantum; Phase (matter); Quantum mechanics; Optics","score_opus":0.011594314088735591,"score_gpt":0.3006774013278475,"score_spread":0.2890830872391119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792217460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61489147,0.0001325991,0.13786137,0.0062942924,0.00056956225,0.0019495399,0.00023474499,0.0002097321,0.23785667],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97976446,9.030163e-7,0.018151922,0.000086392625,0.00037121514,0.000481113,0.0000822924,0.000018762592,0.0010429148],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811774,0.000008421137,0.00034512288,0.0005361416,0.00055457436,0.00043798843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981769,0.000024598841,0.00034144206,0.0010107142,0.00024817084,0.00019819647],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033475566,0.00020782807,0.00018230351,0.00013733402,0.0023501224,0.0010139826,0.0013902652,0.000032806838,0.000362533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023751563,0.00019109907,0.00010744205,0.00047738347,0.0005460579,0.0014274128,0.00029726888,0.00017220607,0.00021357383],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055223113,0.0008603349,0.00546069,0.000012524302,0.000045110668,0.0000019825475,0.00040597733,0.00009213115,0.12829249,0.8601332,0.0005171822,0.004172922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026215762,0.00021900199,0.0028756985,0.00006517109,0.0001948448,0.000007883961,0.0017553966,0.026738312,0.61365217,0.2645562,0.0857762,0.0015375251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005195365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002943343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59557694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000639988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031092143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989487},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793784994","doi":"10.1117/12.2290619","title":"Computational circular dichroism estimation for point-of-care diagnostics via vortex half-wave retarders","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polarizer; Polarimetry; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Retarder; Circular polarization; Point (geometry); Optics; Point of care; Electronic engineering; Materials science; Physics; Birefringence; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009167646661995767,"score_gpt":0.24288836770518712,"score_spread":0.23372072104319136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793784994","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.069939576,0.000053673575,0.9228951,0.00021871887,0.00024479572,0.00040503414,0.00006553327,0.000030283543,0.0061472943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9209559,5.2270553e-7,0.07816022,0.000057916135,0.00023485823,0.000022876762,0.00042387098,0.000020347363,0.00012351539],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991902,0.000013598598,0.00025112432,0.00018581176,0.00018413123,0.00017514973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991659,0.00015104466,0.00011275513,0.00016758974,0.00034614475,0.000056586894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006696895,0.00012857544,0.00015775044,0.00004551205,0.000102715334,0.000027481266,0.00008142103,0.000036680518,0.0003806984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024944173,0.0001271539,0.00011828483,0.00008202316,0.0001276019,0.00010792336,0.00004180908,0.000051456816,0.00004939579],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001047255,0.0010428095,0.031011723,0.00071062497,0.0011743886,0.0000070299957,0.0078678625,0.026430398,0.0015326467,0.80996513,0.011698798,0.10845386],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016472999,0.0006905018,0.004254885,0.000077895595,0.0002163209,0.000002735905,0.0016013716,0.6577421,0.01097843,0.31972492,0.002509785,0.00055378955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048482325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000247323,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8510163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002832925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004641389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5185185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793824503","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0193402","title":"Accounting for polarization in the calibration of a donut beam axial optical tweezers","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optics; Tweezers; Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Gaussian beam; Beam (structure); Radiation pressure; Trapping; Light beam; Chemistry","score_opus":0.023156032228699972,"score_gpt":0.23296064073002784,"score_spread":0.20980460850132787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793824503","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9850944,0.0000036413744,0.012944875,0.00025492924,0.000026996735,0.00028168704,0.000017136774,0.000006189031,0.0013700977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952771,1.2313521e-7,0.0040790928,0.000035383386,0.0004697088,0.000024308709,0.00004857482,0.000007812367,0.000057879864],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995188,0.000011503192,0.00014064428,0.00008105109,0.00014112245,0.00010688207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999723,0.000053555643,0.000055790468,0.000096132295,0.00005972294,0.000011770554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001251631,0.000050266044,0.00008220896,0.000027782533,0.000044028322,0.000028908156,0.000086975466,0.000022127566,0.000033436372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001946378,0.00004089144,0.000026975044,0.00010074418,0.00004556944,0.0001186782,0.000021185871,0.000049476235,0.0000036348474],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012309114,0.0044333865,0.29622102,0.00017421719,0.00028607462,3.7020672e-7,0.003976141,0.000042929536,0.48883304,0.20249273,0.00018992843,0.0032270509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002031541,0.00079593126,0.01713989,0.00021207328,0.00029556156,2.5666037e-7,0.0017738098,0.060282,0.89419883,0.022708142,0.00015843415,0.00040354033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003430138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033700637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40536577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000852872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017625745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16675045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794137693","doi":"10.1117/12.2289225","title":"Arbitrary control of the polarization state and intensity of non-diffracting beams along their propagation direction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Superposition principle; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Azimuth; Physics; Optical tweezers; Bessel function; Transverse plane; Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging; Linear polarization; Beam (structure); Laser; Engineering","score_opus":0.004534336659254962,"score_gpt":0.2011900538786303,"score_spread":0.19665571721937533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794137693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95324343,0.0000046786763,0.04375368,0.000069389316,0.000110159504,0.00019244233,0.000011610019,0.000005394906,0.0026092133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99936825,3.3958315e-7,0.00032642327,0.000021006292,0.000070885995,0.0000021912713,0.0000050095036,0.0000060439584,0.00019987728],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995828,0.000022062215,0.00016626317,0.00008369328,0.00007442048,0.00007074557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951965,0.000027760418,0.0001824757,0.000103477774,0.000151734,0.000014904118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011100098,0.0000620353,0.00010099474,0.000020248872,0.0000667044,0.00001081584,0.000041448817,0.000015340125,0.000020376852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009022776,0.000040181225,0.000033460008,0.00008588979,0.000093121795,0.00013232857,0.00003572604,0.000060187518,0.0000011705732],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003605111,0.00009500738,0.7489016,0.00002240172,0.00007224884,3.289193e-8,0.00094299583,0.000015580015,0.23719008,0.00184453,0.000009122548,0.010870354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033910715,0.00008566598,0.39673963,0.0000343471,0.00002497668,5.3387333e-7,0.00054224406,0.015540013,0.58377963,0.0028250995,0.000019516816,0.00006922313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039000742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009992447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35216194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007300397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016479142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16385429},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2798657116","doi":"10.1109/ecoc.2017.8345885","title":"Mode Coupling Analysis of Hollow Ring-Core Fibers for OAM Transmission","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Core (optical fiber); Birefringence; Coupling (piping); Materials science; Ring (chemistry); Transmission (telecommunications); Optics; Mode (computer interface); Optical fiber; Stress (linguistics); Physics; Composite material; Computer science; Telecommunications; Chemistry","score_opus":0.025227303259021002,"score_gpt":0.3127219654202837,"score_spread":0.2874946621612627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2798657116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84625024,0.000010125906,0.1422748,0.00008120135,0.000051988303,0.00013207586,0.000054458516,0.0000115415505,0.011133589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857726,0.0000010452312,0.011475613,0.000005153633,0.000037072794,0.000010032574,0.000042289714,0.000010177488,0.0026459987],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994634,0.0000013520192,0.00015419096,0.00014487992,0.000098070625,0.00013815334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994154,0.000026370062,0.000118637734,0.00034153467,0.000046514357,0.000051556515],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006728093,0.00008645966,0.00020518256,0.000061078164,0.0001729077,0.00004190563,0.00019363458,0.000023303623,0.00023618994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029694143,0.00007315744,0.00028357824,0.000059640945,0.00003563626,0.00009130913,0.000030512327,0.000039106922,0.0000023575212],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020995706,0.0010471372,0.38758883,0.00024762846,0.009441669,0.0000024690848,0.002225966,0.21343708,0.10996476,0.21776642,0.0010976582,0.056970406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005693881,0.000046958732,0.0058420044,0.00002066803,0.0009100732,2.3374996e-8,0.0002255075,0.9632019,0.023768255,0.004433223,0.0008033073,0.0001787229],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002261937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066094576,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7497648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007967075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001365026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2983274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801169720","doi":"10.1364/ol.43.002146","title":"Orbital angular momentum transition of light using a cylindrical vector beam","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Keysight Technologies","keywords":"Optics; Angular momentum; Physics; Light beam; Polarization (electrochemistry); Azimuth; Beam (structure); Radial polarization; Optical vortex; Orbital angular momentum of light; Laser beam quality; Grating; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Laser beams; Angular momentum coupling; Classical mechanics; Laser","score_opus":0.008805961427458098,"score_gpt":0.22766172482447944,"score_spread":0.21885576339702134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801169720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97194,0.000012603342,0.024603656,0.00091722497,0.00035898335,0.00015480246,0.000038757462,0.000021719674,0.0019522593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901903,2.685696e-7,0.008718782,0.00015065631,0.0008246461,0.0000050056174,0.000029806894,0.00003192713,0.000048554215],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889517,0.000022049644,0.00029512407,0.000225212,0.00025565372,0.00030681002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994476,0.000018459781,0.00011454299,0.0002538778,0.00007877835,0.00008676583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008266721,0.00017584297,0.0002166279,0.00008069296,0.000088680245,0.000037944355,0.00014680745,0.00004443237,0.0002174631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034345392,0.0001778927,0.00014188544,0.00019406414,0.0001605251,0.00013796716,0.000049568986,0.00012695308,0.00004213321],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003141621,0.00032218097,0.0008110154,0.000029532643,0.00017560189,0.000014626279,0.0012824748,0.0003279019,0.9900404,0.006249271,0.00051833614,0.000197193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019047819,0.0006761151,0.0008365565,0.00015227478,0.0003841587,0.000019084635,0.0010159342,0.026666403,0.96397245,0.0017613692,0.00157471,0.0010361531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003311807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.4021429e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0263385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004465176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024550107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72542536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801447777","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2018.stu4p.2","title":"Wide-Range Tunable Refractometer Based on Orbital Angular Momentum of Light","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Refractometry; Refractometer; Angular momentum; Refractive index; Optics; Range (aeronautics); Angular resolution (graph drawing); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Physics; Sensitivity (control systems); Total angular momentum quantum number; Orbital angular momentum of light; Materials science; Engineering; Electronic engineering; Mathematics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.010544684473210707,"score_gpt":0.23301319552600577,"score_spread":0.22246851105279505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801447777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92404854,0.000026748521,0.0011466446,0.0008362867,0.00018699336,0.000248518,0.00006120838,0.00003381425,0.07341123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972345,0.000010253923,0.00060943095,0.00021927102,0.00020600748,0.000017145485,0.00004117319,0.000033389166,0.001628797],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849415,0.000037478818,0.0002960906,0.0003700068,0.00030928434,0.0004929922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989932,0.0000762794,0.0001584753,0.00041460365,0.00019417128,0.00016327613],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014006914,0.00029038003,0.00033362885,0.00014706845,0.0001307916,0.00009056303,0.00019508266,0.000081911465,0.0005583492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016229515,0.00025592023,0.00010054912,0.00021675702,0.00018454273,0.000121713114,0.000051199135,0.00023828528,0.00007234636],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014885663,0.0037973742,0.033198155,0.00030685987,0.00072533684,0.000071281895,0.001225946,0.000102569895,0.18517129,0.74833035,0.014225649,0.011356616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004941551,0.014827244,0.0028079527,0.0005228918,0.00035010884,0.0000044271087,0.0011739079,0.04719678,0.869613,0.03909605,0.017425,0.0020410833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033586966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002695016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7092343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034668094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000091228816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2805798929","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.1478780","title":"Generation And Control Of An Ultrafast Electron Vortex Beam Via Chiral Plasmonic Near - Fields","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"European Commission","keywords":"Femtosecond; Ultrashort pulse; Physics; Plasmon; Electron; Attosecond; Vortex; Wave packet; Optics; Laser; Atomic physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.014173553726121866,"score_gpt":0.22866742391340622,"score_spread":0.21449387018728436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2805798929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96962774,0.000014903286,0.016379638,0.00010288579,0.0000585863,0.00021897219,0.00008958293,0.00009244156,0.013415251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983908,0.0000026090077,0.00019650279,0.00003353533,0.0003178373,3.4345952e-8,0.000518853,0.00027933548,0.0002605133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991332,0.00009032202,0.00017140215,0.00022221661,0.00016257999,0.00022025059],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993644,0.000007276288,0.00008107941,0.00022374227,0.00022939239,0.00009413892],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019682311,0.00009794186,0.00010903016,0.000054163585,0.0007849792,0.000264163,0.00025360077,0.000034648576,0.0031020152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021441829,0.00010194063,0.000028955423,0.00014080158,0.00018441293,0.00021171395,0.00014693348,0.00013165385,0.00039030175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037626718,0.0013478122,0.00045077963,0.00010119877,0.00046447944,0.000006639637,0.0060810368,0.0005305422,0.68790835,0.044392105,0.011831827,0.24650899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054455334,0.007929203,0.0057402854,0.00005231672,0.0001826461,0.00009027423,0.0007575309,0.09940725,0.5157754,0.005308431,0.35817775,0.0011333748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024630934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.544712e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34634593,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002346931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036098418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808376016","doi":"10.1038/s41566-019-0380-z","title":"Optically controlling the emission chirality of microlasers","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Physics; Chirality (physics); Angular momentum; Wavefront; Lasing threshold; Optics; Realization (probability); Photonics; Optical vortex; Orbital angular momentum of light; Laser; Optoelectronics; Symmetry breaking; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics; Spontaneous symmetry breaking","score_opus":0.0021275729131643105,"score_gpt":0.22126002575954115,"score_spread":0.21913245284637684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808376016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835717,0.00031523258,0.00010512897,0.00031695867,0.00031511148,0.00028743088,0.000033152624,0.000012181745,0.015043068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99809045,0.000003168312,0.0010619054,0.00013663365,0.000053786152,0.0000042690294,0.000015818185,0.000013138005,0.00062083284],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999248,0.000025452206,0.00018876634,0.00015775986,0.00019746614,0.00018255363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993322,0.00008946891,0.00011101683,0.0003425821,0.00008053042,0.000044223296],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001981793,0.0001152662,0.00017743782,0.0000165497,0.00004913918,0.000023360602,0.0002488,0.00010480506,0.00025593457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012058717,0.0000743774,0.0001401645,0.00009966098,0.000044506436,0.000047452475,0.00007335695,0.0005636428,0.00002710762],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037458414,0.0007537305,0.1742022,0.00018129297,0.00061837403,0.0000035851244,0.0011179314,0.0013218515,0.64685214,0.1686784,0.0017403384,0.004155594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004520677,0.00034923354,0.009980061,0.00020880629,0.0002594518,0.0000041188123,0.0020291198,0.02801511,0.87886286,0.018227672,0.05665552,0.000887401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016723809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.9640136e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23201072,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017285614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048826114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30330223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810096384","doi":"10.1364/ol.43.003188","title":"High-quality partially coherent Bessel beam array generation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bessel beam; Optics; Laser beam quality; Beam (structure); Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Metrology; Bessel function; Optical tweezers; Spatial light modulator; Physics; Optical coherence tomography; Laser beams; Materials science; Laser","score_opus":0.0192255715802725,"score_gpt":0.2605391231502668,"score_spread":0.2413135515699943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810096384","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9296064,0.000004916174,0.06402919,0.0020199788,0.0009506576,0.00016414326,0.000033123553,0.00003907441,0.0031525625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829333,6.772137e-7,0.012305999,0.00097427145,0.0031638183,0.000023922084,0.00013061205,0.00002694677,0.00044048045],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885267,0.000039924606,0.0002896943,0.00026627784,0.0002460016,0.00030540285],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993253,0.000023678807,0.00012209476,0.00034630066,0.00008919865,0.000093444614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016184372,0.00017520337,0.00016782452,0.000030891937,0.00018013592,0.00012146303,0.00016227271,0.000035518464,0.00028015164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059323775,0.00017281533,0.000082221864,0.00009149056,0.0001389108,0.00012728655,0.000048861213,0.00012352443,0.00026515257],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009746759,0.00019841037,0.005033539,0.000009387876,0.00011993793,0.0000017364571,0.00029482515,0.0004992951,0.934538,0.049992718,0.007996302,0.0013060996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011302527,0.00023727278,0.0038801304,0.000024910923,0.00011972722,0.0000010649865,0.000177846,0.0013617857,0.9771577,0.0029543145,0.012078441,0.0008765293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000082761624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010300456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053326916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003877877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024655877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70472044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810900897","doi":"","title":"Generation of polarization vortex beams by segmented quarter-wave plates","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"中国光学快报：英文版","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Vortex; Quarter (Canadian coin); Optics; Physics; Materials science; Mechanics; Geography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014251540143166156,"score_gpt":0.2156843934314549,"score_spread":0.20143285328828875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810900897","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92867565,0.00004562991,0.068381965,0.00027929628,0.00021908151,0.00016361575,0.00017454322,0.000027133874,0.00203307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99574065,0.0000022658298,0.0007328152,0.00002495681,0.00023061625,0.000010862125,0.00027477602,0.000018632458,0.0029644053],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991905,0.000026740228,0.00025129254,0.00018893767,0.00016442704,0.00017807481],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999508,0.00002505041,0.00014112133,0.00020377587,0.00006863766,0.000053386248],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006776617,0.00012817272,0.00013774131,0.000039538103,0.00005866871,0.000028270397,0.000074192925,0.000043542517,0.0005106645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000045852635,0.00009869689,0.00006348232,0.000090264155,0.000042682008,0.00019402424,0.000031964122,0.000044850403,0.00006875017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007659225,0.00020614639,0.01905094,0.000008519364,0.0000907994,5.0023056e-7,0.0005661605,0.0000098206465,0.9582179,0.009898631,0.00433441,0.007608469],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018347893,0.00038561775,0.0037746367,0.00007879553,0.000089325455,0.0000015446578,0.00089992565,0.0036282388,0.9800254,0.0038114116,0.0049323863,0.00053789193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018186105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005861679,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06764915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031448868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020199022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55914176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2857697602","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0034-9","title":"Experimental demonstration of tunable refractometer based on orbital angular momentum of longitudinally structured light","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo","keywords":"Refractometer; Angular momentum; Optics; Physics; Refractive index; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.00763071598985207,"score_gpt":0.26310578398336215,"score_spread":0.2554750679935101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2857697602","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9398283,0.000023594379,0.028723765,0.00033432795,0.00012092116,0.0006162472,0.00006253034,0.00002823576,0.030262128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935711,6.797149e-8,0.0060117627,0.000021043606,0.0001171739,0.00011563874,0.000024207098,0.000011781564,0.0001272461],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851304,0.000014009114,0.00034403303,0.00036477466,0.00050706003,0.00025709608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988088,0.000022625576,0.00025567933,0.0005558263,0.00025771177,0.00009936709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017358917,0.00015039236,0.0001729656,0.00021503468,0.00024226774,0.000050212406,0.00043395403,0.00003433583,0.00032681914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004657834,0.00013411514,0.000082178376,0.0009242912,0.00052490056,0.00025399355,0.00006511907,0.000075254015,0.000030918516],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013721171,0.0005139142,0.004783618,0.000008990241,0.000011791175,1.9816916e-7,0.00016171056,0.00009890923,0.95244646,0.041564,0.00009281976,0.00030384486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002320384,0.0002773068,0.0028562385,0.000017376355,0.000017984743,3.5418603e-7,0.00024540996,0.0021290283,0.99153084,0.0015859429,0.0009684474,0.00013902006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002200546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011615488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053742826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057274592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017727319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5469057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883289351","doi":"","title":"Dynamic Deformation of Soft Particle in Dual-trap Optical Tweezers","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Elasticity (physics); Deformation (meteorology); Mechanics; Physics; Stress (linguistics); Mie scattering; Classical mechanics; Cauchy stress tensor; Maxwell stress tensor; Optics; Materials science; Scattering; Light scattering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004317994323040241,"score_gpt":0.22966002001969596,"score_spread":0.2253420256966557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883289351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9813238,0.0000017229667,0.0022963635,0.0001350056,0.000094676216,0.0000759517,0.000003318962,0.000012105331,0.016057096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99747986,1.09713405e-7,0.0022352687,0.0000104497285,0.000017567634,0.000005810939,0.000010055662,0.0000060233992,0.00023484416],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994965,0.000004019143,0.00018605805,0.00007464067,0.00009296671,0.00014580021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997638,0.00001758897,0.00003451532,0.00012345977,0.0000188455,0.00004179203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008775824,0.000060271297,0.00008355855,0.00002547223,0.000015158026,0.000012522098,0.00004362121,0.000024210887,0.00044930956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003416861,0.000052733318,0.00003844364,0.00008925401,0.000048771584,0.00013877747,0.000030349793,0.00011567572,0.000059561902],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016606064,0.0005928764,0.21960883,0.000025445082,0.00003379513,0.0000022584359,0.0007958469,0.00052835303,0.111353114,0.6518427,0.00006711446,0.015133042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002919129,0.0002789776,0.22353178,0.000036957965,0.000059088426,0.0000071105505,0.004657099,0.36342847,0.34578836,0.057717297,0.0007749579,0.0008007663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006358107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038698454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59412545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000075034727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015888229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49196246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883500110","doi":"10.1364/ao.57.006135","title":"Generation of optical Bessel beams with arbitrarily curved trajectories using a magnetic-liquid deformable mirror","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bessel beam; Optics; Bessel function; Physics; Trajectory; Beam (structure); Main lobe; Deformable mirror; Phase (matter); Geometrical optics; Adaptive optics; Light beam; Computer science","score_opus":0.02740567755858641,"score_gpt":0.24696287580991133,"score_spread":0.21955719825132491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883500110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9481909,0.000021673002,0.030613791,0.00002006112,0.00014190093,0.00029981896,0.000027183656,0.000028785105,0.020655867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87622714,0.0000011671225,0.123155534,0.000025661324,0.0003726173,0.000021403264,0.000050037208,0.00003776782,0.00010867524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875325,0.0000105361,0.00033833736,0.00025530224,0.00027928705,0.0003633144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923235,0.000026026395,0.00013648791,0.00032034275,0.00018429464,0.00010049575],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000107362146,0.00023008558,0.0002715804,0.0000536077,0.00014745102,0.000060784885,0.00016386928,0.00006948447,0.000081246195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002927819,0.0002014983,0.00005831683,0.00023293312,0.00032841152,0.00013286523,0.000069247326,0.00014492382,0.000019296289],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039837084,0.00063310633,0.0012902034,0.000073233765,0.00022495295,0.0000027952271,0.001420976,0.0008887917,0.5414956,0.45250902,0.000047568727,0.0010153549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017862265,0.0017529858,0.0003525355,0.00004236538,0.00031962572,0.0000069386306,0.0013434942,0.026500354,0.96394515,0.0026633348,0.0005737971,0.0007131888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008755905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013669093,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44984567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031063737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011403532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8216862},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883599064","doi":"10.1038/s41567-018-0229-2","title":"Reconstructing the topology of optical polarization knots","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":191,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Leverhulme Trust","keywords":"Physics; Knot (papermaking); Polarization (electrochemistry); Gravitational singularity; Torus; Topology (electrical circuits); Circular polarization; Transverse plane; Optics; Geometry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.005728298120755348,"score_gpt":0.25394619813805336,"score_spread":0.24821790001729802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883599064","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93528235,0.00004554011,0.011028505,0.00039108295,0.00095849775,0.00013611493,0.000017007658,0.000020804817,0.052120104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99577045,2.3108912e-7,0.002523087,0.00007378653,0.0014196206,0.0000020336138,0.000013933,0.000010276123,0.00018660726],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994901,0.00002169908,0.00012491414,0.00011570966,0.00010721498,0.00014040199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949706,0.000064275715,0.00009008939,0.00019793202,0.00012862195,0.000022039218],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006465911,0.00008095376,0.000102641185,0.0000114426475,0.00009463767,0.000014354414,0.00014545766,0.000073232106,0.000092326416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001420928,0.00005848059,0.000057651614,0.00015518401,0.00024042388,0.000067596266,0.00006798049,0.00031946955,0.000022299158],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006462307,0.000056576988,0.014653086,0.0000055155406,0.00005104042,1.5313839e-7,0.0005559295,0.000005158484,0.008881127,0.95462143,0.0001939544,0.020969545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007005477,0.00025759474,0.003944205,0.000047018293,0.00013828672,0.0000060760735,0.0023962616,0.003761567,0.5298528,0.45407957,0.004375782,0.00044031267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009031596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.5150153e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52097166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009365259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028880362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23847693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886745167","doi":"10.1017/s1431927618005184","title":"Holographically Probing Longitudinal Magnetic Fields with Electron Vortex Beams","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Electron; Action (physics); Physics; Magnetic field; Content (measure theory); Condensed matter physics; Materials science; Mechanics; Nuclear physics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004375536545955396,"score_gpt":0.22865081969329829,"score_spread":0.22427528314734288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2886745167","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98525155,0.00041803162,0.011952073,0.00018538452,0.00003872055,0.00012912732,0.000012196235,0.000027161886,0.0019857653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99353856,0.000013300517,0.004657561,0.00008858634,0.00017521753,0.000014170089,0.00002879926,0.000020194922,0.0014635999],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988634,0.000026783231,0.00020557138,0.00040809778,0.00010314138,0.00039300727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944705,0.000017589888,0.00008353167,0.0002692755,0.00009200243,0.000090579386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010191724,0.0002163337,0.00025984182,0.00012213762,0.00024292008,0.0001255972,0.00014726416,0.000058488815,0.00041976495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015314301,0.00017584083,0.00010852084,0.0004099541,0.00032600304,0.00008883415,0.00007366602,0.00018484151,0.00003214972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001955693,0.0004916812,0.50687164,0.000051382318,0.0012204673,0.000019150317,0.0010660962,0.00001177219,0.4751475,0.0035309186,0.0009310513,0.010462781],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033560235,0.005071554,0.06125587,0.00020267123,0.0035695806,0.00008125781,0.001117623,0.0005984789,0.9018057,0.008611542,0.011927028,0.0024026746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018429832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006276866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44561577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012611386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028215962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71705806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887105581","doi":"10.1364/oe.26.031925","title":"Measuring azimuthal and radial modes of photons","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Austrian Science Fund","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Quantum key distribution; Azimuth; Measure (data warehouse); Quantum imaging; Transverse plane; Photon; Photonics; Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Quantum","score_opus":0.02060267915140288,"score_gpt":0.23231807284387165,"score_spread":0.21171539369246878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887105581","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94548106,0.0000343888,0.002646708,0.000013911036,0.0001140462,0.00008114297,0.00004211534,0.0000117184445,0.05157493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920104,0.0000019620115,0.0071787923,0.000004931318,0.000326023,0.000006180093,0.000003990552,0.000014960548,0.0004527315],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942523,0.000012332323,0.0001355096,0.00013756183,0.00012482192,0.00016451656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995982,0.000027023209,0.000056120858,0.00018469765,0.00006892531,0.00006500614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060955193,0.000096597745,0.00012870022,0.00003090635,0.0000644845,0.000030295103,0.000108711974,0.000025274465,0.00010895729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000048348475,0.0000953096,0.000039047634,0.00004586449,0.00017907599,0.00008166126,0.00010831091,0.00006347763,0.000010507772],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008048008,0.00047274292,0.027657432,0.00010681245,0.0002737921,0.0000045220067,0.004016855,0.00027740243,0.7234364,0.2353926,0.0004108134,0.007870143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00084701326,0.00016801027,0.00065266405,0.00006260159,0.000053890017,0.0000021015007,0.0008145268,0.012046582,0.9722545,0.01091466,0.0018563464,0.00032708084],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041889372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.9054576e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24881813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005919063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015828165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3886613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887931066","doi":"10.1109/pn.2018.8438827","title":"Generation of Cylindrical Vector Beams Using Long Period Fiber Gratings in Few-Mode Fiber","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Long-period fiber grating; Materials science; Optics; Grating; Fiber; Graded-index fiber; Electric arc; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Fiber Bragg grating; Diffraction grating; Mode volume; Optical fiber; Optoelectronics; Fiber optic sensor; Composite material; Physics; Electrode","score_opus":0.027792420713951875,"score_gpt":0.28638900653712407,"score_spread":0.2585965858231722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887931066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860348,0.00000700711,0.0037594528,0.000055290195,0.000096401825,0.00011387866,0.000008416951,0.000009776383,0.009914985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836791,6.664112e-8,0.013237329,0.000017020597,0.0005657629,0.000004863802,0.000025096817,0.000015383757,0.0024553367],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992493,0.000021058544,0.00024188172,0.00017236159,0.00013603135,0.0001794099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965507,0.0000116323645,0.00007147116,0.00014883098,0.000073000854,0.000039993385],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006149656,0.00010902474,0.00014401173,0.00004350929,0.0000548117,0.000035310422,0.000072957846,0.000038897513,0.0027555623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004425702,0.000098018754,0.00005914733,0.00013141743,0.00006847163,0.00012732238,0.000058175734,0.000080892154,0.00009502451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001311271,0.0031307684,0.3193373,0.0001602906,0.0004525641,0.000022315015,0.012629635,0.007639438,0.5065026,0.08017956,0.004225327,0.06558904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024642868,0.0006463181,0.024804968,0.00014714531,0.00011650822,0.000009033701,0.00090391084,0.38238183,0.581747,0.0024647354,0.0030024673,0.0013118045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050410506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036062804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3747424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035629066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003617857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981561},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887958393","doi":"10.1364/oe.26.022563","title":"Quantum cryptography with twisted photons through an outdoor underwater channel","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":117,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Research Chairs; Government of Canada; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Quantum channel; Quantum cryptography; Quantum key distribution; Free-space optical communication; Photon; Computer science; Quantum sensor; Underwater; Quantum information science; Quantum; Channel (broadcasting); BB84; Quantum imaging; Physics; Optical communication; Quantum network; Optics; Quantum information; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics; Quantum entanglement; Geology","score_opus":0.018593740051898837,"score_gpt":0.2544953561100386,"score_spread":0.23590161605813975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887958393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.835809,0.0000219402,0.101999894,0.00015719183,0.00045863836,0.00041884292,0.0001329807,0.00014046083,0.06086108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771683,0.000002297689,0.021351939,0.000109074266,0.0006283171,0.00005137592,0.00009551757,0.00006987781,0.00052329496],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985526,0.000036586203,0.00022649443,0.00041043712,0.00026985013,0.0005040339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989092,0.000023560751,0.000107096916,0.00062211393,0.00018466546,0.00015336052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006707578,0.00029448234,0.0002391674,0.000060647446,0.00022280544,0.00016634577,0.00032865573,0.00006350897,0.00037115932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014816349,0.00023837195,0.000095714655,0.00021182476,0.0003512655,0.00044426328,0.00011544671,0.00017247035,0.00012438498],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046843794,0.0038482249,0.011346234,0.00012720563,0.0012496418,0.000049959766,0.02109359,0.00054545345,0.072024964,0.88486266,0.003649456,0.00073419884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0075346595,0.005872053,0.0013834226,0.00043279267,0.0006717694,0.000026725365,0.018104468,0.0314509,0.5899072,0.26286334,0.07712594,0.0046266983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013029747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008313563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6219993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015134138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031997035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97205263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889826343","doi":"10.1117/12.2323837","title":"Optical feedback tweezers","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Optical force; Position (finance); Physics; Electrokinetic phenomena; Particle (ecology); Tweezers; Detector; Power (physics); Haptic technology; Optics; Computer science; Simulation; Nanotechnology; Materials science","score_opus":0.007120985850339935,"score_gpt":0.2365814335514856,"score_spread":0.22946044770114565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889826343","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29339522,0.0000022350328,0.0067253015,0.00026280058,0.00018320554,0.00004402263,0.0000024257974,0.000031843978,0.6993529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98175335,6.870715e-8,0.005140972,0.00009726309,0.00069293095,0.0000027492028,0.000004649375,0.000009067373,0.012298979],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954724,0.000004427409,0.00008061256,0.000111633606,0.000085102365,0.00017096574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997324,0.000011984539,0.000013418399,0.00014466414,0.000029451265,0.000068120724],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034062927,0.00006754818,0.0000620739,0.000014368667,0.000049283113,0.00003160381,0.000088674235,0.000014457231,0.0063161454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016182222,0.000056096636,0.000042862317,0.00006350218,0.000107024025,0.00005763168,0.000057455905,0.00004848395,0.0027774137],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007386297,0.0001468143,0.021747544,0.0000026870473,0.00006046593,0.0000011781169,0.00014814526,0.0000015745557,0.0026738555,0.9356433,0.021074407,0.018492643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026754437,0.0010662033,0.024881784,0.00003802248,0.00012655075,0.0000060947536,0.003565812,0.0031272962,0.390038,0.16812299,0.40463814,0.0017136409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022690978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.3067715e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7675203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007560984,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011960357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890147991","doi":"10.1038/s41377-018-0065-2","title":"Metasurface-based multi-harmonic free-electron light source","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Army Research Office; Wallonie-Bruxelles International; Azrieli Foundation; Agency for Science, Technology and Research; U.S. Department of Energy; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Belgian American Educational Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Harmonics; Optics; Electron; Plasmon; Laser; Photon; High harmonic generation; Harmonic; Wavefront; Electromagnetic radiation; Wavelength; Computational physics","score_opus":0.01047062969936026,"score_gpt":0.26338577300848454,"score_spread":0.2529151433091243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890147991","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19467847,0.0001946902,0.7557131,0.008318763,0.00026071013,0.0014966618,0.000076458906,0.00032761844,0.038933493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97808355,3.5037206e-7,0.019600926,0.00017654872,0.00025546257,0.00032443897,0.000014842908,0.000021532129,0.0015223228],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983005,0.000018337447,0.00022668035,0.0005281253,0.00039685567,0.0005295296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984382,0.000028482098,0.00012727446,0.0010019491,0.00021294605,0.00019117972],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027806283,0.00018221555,0.00014321413,0.00013044396,0.0008054156,0.00016982268,0.0010898496,0.000031902728,0.00025665283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000944749,0.00016532093,0.000092351984,0.0012274423,0.0005132784,0.00021302748,0.0001448467,0.0001479645,0.00087602006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010480868,0.0014863844,0.008485234,0.000018090825,0.0000546055,4.280975e-7,0.000600323,0.00054387277,0.83210933,0.1442187,0.004319014,0.00815352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000368422,0.000071103495,0.0007439189,0.0000075638563,0.000039076956,3.1915891e-7,0.0000650548,0.008911712,0.72111607,0.0039072395,0.2644811,0.00028843325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004077051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007540705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7834051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008215604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029746888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890810633","doi":"10.1117/12.2318907","title":"Integrated nanoaperture optical fiber tweezer","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Materials science; Optical fiber; Nanophotonics; Optoelectronics; Plasmon; Optics; Single-mode optical fiber; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.007117433252201361,"score_gpt":0.22857170869836227,"score_spread":0.22145427544616092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890810633","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23783366,0.000007376363,0.0034528691,0.00049791107,0.00022770413,0.00008460585,0.0000084185285,0.000065094064,0.75782233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9107661,9.644138e-8,0.007400231,0.00022500262,0.0006219501,0.00000592502,0.000023506005,0.000015591559,0.080941565],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941385,0.000008701942,0.0001109355,0.0001570223,0.00010356175,0.00020593869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996174,0.000021452917,0.000017454933,0.00017947926,0.00008664311,0.0000775546],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036985315,0.00011158209,0.00009481906,0.000020846728,0.00005968782,0.000046259167,0.00011257673,0.000035108143,0.030542249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046255523,0.00007965491,0.000058891837,0.00011061294,0.00010917987,0.00007451793,0.00006277855,0.0001024059,0.0045726807],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043414395,0.00065306626,0.012404939,0.000010875978,0.00030973044,0.000007704094,0.0005686255,0.0000034443417,0.017921906,0.6731952,0.15943295,0.13544819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060160644,0.00024507078,0.0012727415,0.000021349073,0.000043608718,0.000003000241,0.0005384912,0.0011118875,0.08599015,0.013133563,0.89654326,0.00049528683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003718534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017733242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7371103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011927065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002378172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99620235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890864631","doi":"10.1117/12.2322146","title":"All-dielectric, nonlinear, reconfigurable metasurface-enabled optical beam converter (Conference Presentation)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Reconfigurability; Optics; Optical vortex; Gaussian beam; Beam (structure); Dielectric; Physics; Refractive index profile; Refractive index; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Telecommunications; Computer science","score_opus":0.021575069960577717,"score_gpt":0.26654266830562323,"score_spread":0.2449675983450455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890864631","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2866462,0.000021106043,0.022866385,0.0013072896,0.00046187083,0.00042607903,0.000026502086,0.00011195624,0.68813264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9595396,0.0000027957028,0.009037291,0.00027940166,0.000410362,0.000027951139,0.00007131731,0.000024777315,0.030606529],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998701,0.000030105964,0.0002845639,0.00033018546,0.00021723054,0.0004369263],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991329,0.00006877978,0.00007270476,0.00030949878,0.00026624062,0.00014989282],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013771941,0.00019719315,0.00022632342,0.000047825393,0.00010905578,0.00015116342,0.00022874653,0.00005007998,0.014817209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013039677,0.00016852882,0.00009281703,0.00016545046,0.00012249144,0.00028935232,0.00004999444,0.00016266113,0.0021419267],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003452683,0.003031361,0.02820679,0.00010249198,0.0032005107,0.000025456133,0.0021112459,0.00010897131,0.16899948,0.61987823,0.100966,0.073024206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024679122,0.0005721889,0.0014476493,0.000023291142,0.00023867829,0.0000061620713,0.00075157866,0.058239974,0.83626217,0.015631365,0.083388686,0.000970344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023366655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009538098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6728934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002311,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007976619,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890866015","doi":"10.1063/1.5055580","title":"Nanoscale virtual potentials using optical tweezers","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Optical force; Tweezers; Physics; Flexibility (engineering); Isotropy; Harmonic; Particle (ecology); Optics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.011229994740573367,"score_gpt":0.23113651193707635,"score_spread":0.21990651719650298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890866015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8687736,0.0000017308704,0.11648994,0.00017171241,0.0003795384,0.00018447635,0.000018695324,0.000051955565,0.0139284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913996,1.1142774e-7,0.0048779706,0.00091772305,0.0026054925,0.000015472726,0.000036384678,0.0000527014,0.000094546216],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986189,0.000016254766,0.00023403489,0.000364243,0.00029102797,0.00047554265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993465,0.00003582028,0.00009849701,0.00035927584,0.000038893177,0.00012102346],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007609721,0.00024985932,0.00023584628,0.00003239673,0.0002107154,0.0000909073,0.00024451566,0.000040090526,0.00022437643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010830317,0.00025924994,0.00013307965,0.0002006268,0.00036039585,0.0001250987,0.00015614559,0.00017507485,0.0004907043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014534689,0.000117716656,0.0004900998,0.000003872265,0.00011154773,0.0000016193176,0.00021647534,0.0004560929,0.84987116,0.14234899,0.0014326152,0.0049352883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013650489,0.00011873411,0.0003864759,0.000027787111,0.00021747376,0.0000019361582,0.0006089005,0.0014937543,0.98130226,0.009965299,0.0033859157,0.0011264356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033310047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0155633e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13238369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004180589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027506605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891199063","doi":"10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013185","title":"Generation of electron vortices using nonexact electric fields","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Canada Research Chairs; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; European Commission","keywords":"Electric field; Angular momentum; Vortex; Electron; Electric current; Field (mathematics)","score_opus":0.224082658871647,"score_gpt":0.4600160817956249,"score_spread":0.23593342292397793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891199063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857347,0.0076130205,0.0015386216,0.0010296119,0.000019990459,0.00042987854,0.000004724379,0.000010824499,0.00361862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984067,0.0005344653,0.00014609261,0.00009577697,0.0007393883,0.000017985114,0.000011654786,0.000013039428,0.000034890305],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986392,0.00016629387,0.00020850073,0.00020538893,0.00047597932,0.0003045817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937636,0.000101482336,0.000069914815,0.00017283922,0.00017428346,0.00010511687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002635071,0.00009374843,0.0002626623,0.00003041891,0.00006644024,0.000024226829,0.00019239064,0.0000136165445,0.00012877329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007776833,0.00007942387,0.00012328173,0.00067586155,0.000035966546,0.000105969695,0.000085910375,0.00033729698,0.00006776968],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022748,0.000677283,0.0016309123,0.0018927164,0.00015344015,0.0000029399098,0.00032535638,0.00024544043,0.9103009,0.057704557,0.003492973,0.023550738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039440178,0.0011068583,0.0002658817,0.00059527304,0.0001739914,6.3049583e-7,0.00004397402,0.20344609,0.775477,0.010710124,0.007335709,0.00045005107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006141349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8245503e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20320065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023017586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008753113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32388118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2894418059","doi":"10.1364/oe.26.033057","title":"Realization of a scalable Laguerre–Gaussian mode sorter based on a robust radial mode sorter","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Canada Research Chairs; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; China Scholarship Council; Office of Naval Research; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Gaussian; Angular momentum; Photon; Computer science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.012528762850263612,"score_gpt":0.2479354754772818,"score_spread":0.2354067126270182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2894418059","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3377788,0.0000099008475,0.5165533,0.0001701251,0.0006647756,0.0005886833,0.00039915086,0.00008192037,0.14375335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875924,8.5776867e-7,0.010189414,0.00007119738,0.0005723542,0.000032213073,0.00015681435,0.000050380568,0.0013343414],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986516,0.0000420941,0.00032407668,0.00031834337,0.00031789514,0.000345958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990684,0.00003385605,0.00016087883,0.00048133184,0.00013912827,0.00011645526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000084677486,0.00022360962,0.00025121006,0.000096615004,0.00010705561,0.000071276285,0.00023817725,0.000083557534,0.00034890225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065973954,0.00021386018,0.00011372531,0.00014363336,0.00014785849,0.00015646164,0.000069537564,0.00012782626,0.000052970106],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000832004,0.0044849175,0.018194191,0.000306998,0.00049344136,0.000017924664,0.0051877624,0.47384366,0.075494796,0.39881894,0.016873283,0.005452069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001238467,0.0003000654,0.00019581895,0.00012995375,0.00007471941,4.7322132e-7,0.00015233083,0.93828434,0.05260485,0.005759395,0.00085823,0.00040137034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019807256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008961252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6498136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003306707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000059794293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87209654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895447518","doi":"10.1364/ol.43.004939","title":"High-quality partially coherent Bessel beam array generation: erratum","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"erratum","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Bessel beam; Physics; Lattice (music); Beam (structure); Laser beam quality; Laser beams; Laser","score_opus":0.019545181338136656,"score_gpt":0.25880920829847115,"score_spread":0.2392640269603345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895447518","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11638412,0.0007699907,0.08236719,0.024630617,0.40024185,0.0037319881,0.0034662378,0.0007284519,0.36767957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.070475765,0.000088763845,0.03416626,0.008187327,0.1728382,0.00061449927,0.028734375,0.0008984255,0.6839964],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.996447,0.00012351111,0.0008930933,0.0008957906,0.00082806003,0.0008125093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976126,0.000043852302,0.00063555024,0.0011886754,0.0002584766,0.00026083304],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032177742,0.0007917464,0.00080121774,0.000112639456,0.00036628704,0.0004733186,0.0006783895,0.0003711774,0.00079494214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016198524,0.000808796,0.0003991507,0.00020248721,0.00031462614,0.0001875924,0.00020724641,0.0012136254,0.00052138866],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007365652,0.00020720394,0.00013746381,0.00006959771,0.00040900736,0.00000886297,0.00013054193,0.00015349212,0.015522349,0.00676853,0.9764239,0.00016165634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011894521,0.00029319592,0.00030063963,0.00026428397,0.0006763436,0.0000034093089,0.00015068955,0.00044612997,0.016721807,0.0029637895,0.9740805,0.002909776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001402259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029749152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3163168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016165654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002576798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896233462","doi":"10.1103/physrevresearch.1.032008","title":"Spin-constrained orbital-angular-momentum control in high-harmonic generation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor; Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory; University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Angular momentum; Angular momentum coupling; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Harmonics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum of light; Azimuthal quantum number; Orbital motion; Angular momentum operator; High harmonic generation; Spin (aerodynamics); Quantum electrodynamics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Optics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Laser; Voltage","score_opus":0.03500686540979878,"score_gpt":0.3700882777489601,"score_spread":0.3350814123391613,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896233462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836115,0.003816012,0.00016063986,0.0014321272,0.00015014483,0.0017895611,0.000040310842,0.00002240169,0.008977303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99760187,0.00021364522,0.000067761415,0.00012739061,0.0005935193,0.00025177197,0.00009585166,0.00003317346,0.001015034],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.997256,0.00036436477,0.0004079614,0.00048480387,0.00078640453,0.0007004788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99883646,0.00019038042,0.00008374086,0.00053855334,0.00019155486,0.0001592962],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010048976,0.00021981321,0.00055622804,0.00011642164,0.00007502903,0.00008032751,0.0003494128,0.000029357187,0.0014210984],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052373714,0.00018926137,0.00019960418,0.0006584213,0.00011547195,0.00021019485,0.00015336275,0.00062101416,0.0025526322],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007315713,0.0034084783,0.022352891,0.0023479671,0.00035428937,0.000056194305,0.00029606122,0.00009952982,0.29258388,0.62771344,0.00975936,0.040954787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.038207885,0.007102972,0.03429531,0.01611533,0.000839775,0.000026181764,0.0014285104,0.19091573,0.15733358,0.4299103,0.115211874,0.008612543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016607708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028835584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19780311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012774242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013611665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898119478","doi":"10.1364/fio.2018.jw4a.124","title":"Sub-Rayleigh Limit Localization with a Spatial Mode Analyzer","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Spectrum analyzer; Interferometry; Rayleigh scattering; Michelson interferometer; Limit (mathematics); Physics; Mode (computer interface); Computer science","score_opus":0.004444188680786072,"score_gpt":0.2176016671704253,"score_spread":0.21315747848963923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898119478","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41867253,0.00000992603,0.57352066,0.00008147377,0.0006157664,0.0001486144,0.000012205728,0.000022124985,0.0069166906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96353287,0.0000025200966,0.03583517,0.00006496364,0.0002399028,0.000012169602,0.000011850812,0.000017676062,0.0002828569],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99841,0.000019636485,0.00021090443,0.00042054357,0.00047606556,0.00046283964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991555,0.000011288937,0.00009271914,0.0003795265,0.00022409702,0.00013683677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022785537,0.00017131105,0.00017463315,0.00022740875,0.00022300544,0.00016121601,0.00044539807,0.00003475555,0.000053095013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014975775,0.00014932506,0.00003404456,0.0010702366,0.0010010946,0.00045197408,0.00013035427,0.0001294783,0.000030397026],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014545422,0.000818349,0.93463564,0.000024627343,0.000083084255,0.000021136744,0.0020638707,0.019150132,0.001210168,0.02435196,0.0036283724,0.013867216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008052105,0.00043644613,0.0031366185,0.000057040714,0.000037596616,0.0000015326532,0.00074755505,0.93159395,0.054372698,0.007197291,0.0010895969,0.0005244533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010040812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004559967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.931499,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001005447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019788746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60892993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898389927","doi":"10.7566/jpsj.87.113703","title":"Landau Level Spectroscopy by Optical Vortex Beam","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Physical Society of Japan","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Spectroscopy; Vortex; Physics; Landau quantization; Condensed matter physics; Beam (structure); Optical vortex; Optics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Magnetic field","score_opus":0.010318503376496209,"score_gpt":0.2550121690757735,"score_spread":0.2446936656992773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898389927","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9937051,0.00002217883,0.0018356425,0.0016231759,0.0002443432,0.000059657785,0.000036141595,0.0000037874697,0.0024699513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99500954,0.0000020521743,0.002471228,0.00009034085,0.0019221613,6.194467e-7,0.0000014528327,0.000014612225,0.00048796317],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900395,0.00001995334,0.0002793295,0.00009598837,0.00038226298,0.00021849999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991768,0.00005648294,0.00032670656,0.00019655982,0.00014567588,0.00009776302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014266788,0.00012745935,0.00028411235,0.000007042228,0.00010655431,0.000027233365,0.00040030826,0.00003101282,0.00008953779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000071810987,0.00008081843,0.0007029215,0.00011544355,0.00036336336,0.0001037118,0.00012281691,0.00031669723,0.00001758036],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073051466,0.0025258728,0.025866676,0.00004470582,0.001104037,1.976208e-7,0.0038567993,0.00004158667,0.8284304,0.009936396,0.1254266,0.0026936836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015263995,0.00094655686,0.01474096,0.00010638318,0.00029939835,0.000006290521,0.0015783776,0.0013869359,0.92517966,0.045763507,0.008107817,0.00035768593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019969051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3164154e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11731879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039449387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005336207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.329568},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899417852","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-07056-6","title":"Generalized Hartmann-Shack array of dielectric metalens sub-arrays for polarimetric beam profiling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":235,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; College of Family Physicians of Canada","keywords":"Polarimetry; Polarization (electrochemistry); Wavefront; Wavelength; Dielectric; Optical vortex; Beam (structure); Beam pattern; Numerical aperture","score_opus":0.020679076515162872,"score_gpt":0.29681493191321695,"score_spread":0.2761358553980541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899417852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7569986,0.02851046,0.11723551,0.005169052,0.002040058,0.0054608025,0.0021286837,0.0003993517,0.08205745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90535456,0.00003340324,0.09339955,0.00008356535,0.0002652799,0.00008242424,0.0004209532,0.0000296171,0.00033062193],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989981,0.00006203752,0.00032220146,0.00019831563,0.00015661541,0.0002627368],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976031,0.0002297043,0.0002214859,0.0013912974,0.0004911955,0.00006321116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023510528,0.00016187062,0.00024655025,0.00021297904,0.00032924456,0.000034798428,0.00090210215,0.0001301179,0.00004207275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084107516,0.00015514735,0.00020134795,0.00084635545,0.00018220738,0.00012046652,0.00017222819,0.00046642064,0.000021808928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040939318,0.00098509,0.0131749,0.000047697813,0.00062778953,8.5952834e-8,0.00036862417,0.000012084229,0.3561229,0.6196389,0.0054355897,0.0035453679],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010191464,0.00026322505,0.002770521,0.000028194403,0.00032266916,0.0000011548105,0.00016040122,0.0017606313,0.90098685,0.012788048,0.07943654,0.00046259412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036971458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018288705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60685086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000322115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007557926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63267255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900091283","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.201800326","title":"Temperature–Light Dual‐Responsive Au@PNIPAm Core‐Shell Microgel‐Based Optical Devices","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Grand Challenges Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Alberta","keywords":"Materials science; Photothermal therapy; Lower critical solution temperature; Surface plasmon resonance; Nanoparticle; Photothermal effect; Photonics; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Copolymer; Polymer; Composite material","score_opus":0.013777011999434794,"score_gpt":0.24761407215866588,"score_spread":0.23383706015923109,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900091283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99562085,0.000033529574,0.0011932894,0.00062343234,0.0008104945,0.0006102384,0.0000858018,0.00014189066,0.0008805019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973336,6.204509e-7,0.00012038861,0.00016807065,0.0013414534,0.00012632179,0.00016549723,0.00005931793,0.00068472937],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975425,0.00017989671,0.0006498906,0.0005082994,0.00038454527,0.00073484035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984568,0.00007396355,0.00026040289,0.0005261782,0.00036424125,0.00031843325],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036912816,0.00032410395,0.00034787777,0.00004295798,0.00036446707,0.00035116475,0.00018956953,0.00009582974,0.00032889695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003766056,0.00030209625,0.00011095471,0.0004012986,0.00018222515,0.0005000818,0.0000865265,0.00014727219,0.0013375916],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007665126,0.0003003096,0.096686706,0.000034863962,0.00006170732,0.000007306833,0.00065240177,0.00002844429,0.8858739,0.015852144,0.00006272021,0.00036280922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009423538,0.00024974212,0.060408454,0.00008776746,0.0000849354,0.000006910734,0.0005229758,0.036346253,0.8974025,0.00004910914,0.003452704,0.00044627622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010748691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013486773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03631781,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013606237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013459865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904201067","doi":"10.1364/ol.44.004531","title":"Orbital angular momentum bistability in a microlaser","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; Science and Engineering Research Council; European Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; H2020 Future and Emerging Technologies; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Bistability; Angular momentum; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optical bistability; Ultrashort pulse; Azimuth; Saturation (graph theory); Orbital angular momentum of light","score_opus":0.0031067869612447087,"score_gpt":0.19495412504449794,"score_spread":0.19184733808325324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904201067","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902024,0.000016221687,0.00031385003,0.0010396193,0.00033817024,0.00030390982,0.000031713425,0.000023518645,0.007730591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99694395,3.5994418e-7,0.0019306653,0.00026173392,0.000111184636,0.000017260643,0.00004318444,0.000028911738,0.00066275994],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877447,0.000032264812,0.00027582148,0.0003235358,0.00019317775,0.00040076036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993749,0.000037655445,0.000069227455,0.00041836698,0.000024656154,0.00007517369],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001549401,0.00019098955,0.00021533523,0.00008642736,0.0000300413,0.00006674933,0.00019772949,0.00003594138,0.00069832325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003993642,0.0001957908,0.00011085355,0.00019641644,0.000060216753,0.0001599466,0.00011299217,0.00022119352,0.00049334916],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039222057,0.00058353576,0.74046904,0.00006690159,0.0001012893,0.000041712156,0.0006779326,0.0010389738,0.23933573,0.016062265,0.0012097523,0.0003736519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.033383165,0.0018489448,0.4331589,0.00086131133,0.0005688484,0.000057697405,0.0159203,0.05368899,0.32947358,0.039039645,0.07854502,0.0134535935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009638427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025176764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30731013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007748305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025914465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79841167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904771501","doi":"10.1038/s41563-019-0336-1","title":"Ultrafast generation and control of an electron vortex beam via chiral plasmonic near fields","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Materials","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrashort pulse; Femtosecond; Plasmon; Coherent control; Electron; Attosecond; Vortex; Lasing threshold; Wave packet","score_opus":0.0019769824521168795,"score_gpt":0.20634581199948895,"score_spread":0.20436882954737207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904771501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985643,0.000045159362,0.00018168628,0.000043538643,0.00046762792,0.00023279869,0.00008325987,0.000011940312,0.00036968963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990585,0.0000011106333,0.00016350004,0.00005722593,0.00035322885,0.000006623752,0.00013261964,0.000013858411,0.00021334477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993807,0.000031242365,0.00017207566,0.00016027667,0.000102868486,0.00015283191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966955,0.000012361776,0.000095629875,0.00015551127,0.000033293956,0.000033647844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099864395,0.00011152511,0.00020171776,0.000019565343,0.0000349546,0.00006760052,0.000074316595,0.00012938424,0.00041318784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022940987,0.00009754956,0.000029107598,0.000030969433,0.000022160759,0.00012042183,0.000016390934,0.00013023107,0.000015735317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034790544,0.00004849982,0.001571639,0.000016557795,0.000037591493,2.8064883e-7,0.000067926645,0.000045963257,0.9948379,0.0030987193,0.000016140471,0.00022401911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060520676,0.00022066079,0.002443778,0.0000065055724,0.000024475768,0.0000013130225,0.0000119872875,0.00045281628,0.9948947,0.0010948792,0.0001324519,0.0001112186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028373686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018155179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020038402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007980295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018140094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4524117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2908480305","doi":"10.1109/tbme.2018.2828136","title":"Out-of-Plane Rotation Control of Biological Cells With a Robot-Tweezers Manipulation System for Orientation-Based Cell Surgery","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Orientation (vector space); Rotation (mathematics); Computer vision; Optical tweezers; Zoom; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Image plane; Tweezers; Optics; Physics; Image (mathematics); Mathematics","score_opus":0.012428821636774902,"score_gpt":0.2123360995909096,"score_spread":0.1999072779541347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2908480305","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12301359,0.0000023975433,0.8758568,0.0000160953,0.00065048854,0.00026236556,0.00014410337,0.000034733683,0.000019386798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99370676,2.6753057e-7,0.0060372236,0.0000041257017,0.00011048863,0.00005926977,0.000055756143,0.000016487124,0.000009621874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991921,0.000014755447,0.0003092785,0.0001504174,0.00017792874,0.00015551991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993189,0.00029672624,0.00011450403,0.00010500162,0.000093763425,0.00007112297],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011612837,0.00012268475,0.00022504819,0.00014460366,0.00004120294,0.00000737687,0.00005336992,0.000058727375,0.000034854937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018739638,0.000102568454,0.00009882709,0.00017521334,0.00007845235,0.00004302198,3.5602693e-7,0.00006671546,0.000004902986],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005015421,0.00088162674,0.0006890569,0.0006860993,0.00028847778,0.0000021078695,0.0003354308,0.47686493,0.51316637,0.00061278365,0.000032476823,0.005939059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001488835,0.0006401555,0.00016482909,0.00015656577,0.00009654836,3.6334112e-7,0.00020863017,0.31476894,0.68218446,0.000008217744,0.00008797672,0.00019445365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020330932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.107015e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87069315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034291017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039202565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41826203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909261422","doi":"10.1109/apusncursinrsm.2018.8608918","title":"Gaussian Beam Diffraction by the Inverse Prism","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Optics; Discontinuity (linguistics); Angular spectrum method; Physics; Fresnel diffraction; Gaussian; Prism; Beam (structure); Isotropy; Gaussian beam; Inverse; Dispersion (optics); Envelope (radar); Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.006705806922473893,"score_gpt":0.22564191341609893,"score_spread":0.21893610649362505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2909261422","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5947391,0.000007698891,0.0072685285,0.0019155345,0.00041249304,0.0001507952,0.000006492888,0.00004395365,0.39545545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9673063,3.6734968e-7,0.00027386798,0.00028107513,0.0004690329,0.000007746463,0.000014105593,0.000008620946,0.031638842],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996059,0.000009927135,0.00007495162,0.0000961016,0.00008475584,0.00012839226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972564,0.0000133118265,0.000033997127,0.00017554848,0.000014801296,0.00003670744],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045392157,0.00006723252,0.000044789314,0.000009375201,0.00012626736,0.000041063322,0.000093695344,0.000023921646,0.0017405403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000013882503,0.000041618037,0.000035781533,0.000057633995,0.00008185844,0.00009112457,0.000041902647,0.00011060181,0.0007561804],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012068278,0.00035476635,0.018699763,0.0000037441532,0.00012539575,5.4626526e-7,0.0009117293,0.0000014955049,0.016287643,0.04440953,0.8881805,0.031012824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005159977,0.00016784124,0.0051403246,0.000007416912,0.000043217184,0.0000014813196,0.0018857341,0.0016535685,0.06439695,0.016292749,0.9095718,0.0003228978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019123199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000742075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37256727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000118572325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008567429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99917203},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909457267","doi":"10.1109/nmdc.2018.8605733","title":"Trapping Individual Upconverters Using Rectangle Nanoapertures","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rectangle; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Aperture (computer memory); Photon upconversion; Laser; Optics; Luminescence; Optical tweezers; Plasmon; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Geometry","score_opus":0.023089526144309487,"score_gpt":0.2632774680061111,"score_spread":0.24018794186180165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2909457267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8767454,0.000022117765,0.012542877,0.00016825549,0.0004924458,0.00010955463,0.000010885907,0.00006229641,0.10984619],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99413264,1.5617682e-7,0.004024775,0.00023065097,0.00058637565,0.0000025375518,0.00000837732,0.000014998913,0.0009995068],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993693,0.000013989049,0.00011828876,0.00015595737,0.00012404086,0.00021837863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997213,0.000018286279,0.000036100522,0.0001355035,0.000033763015,0.0000550704],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005889921,0.00010508064,0.00009349744,0.000040873903,0.00012474316,0.00006164714,0.00012841074,0.000024377496,0.0023987624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000023411474,0.000091349066,0.000060210794,0.000110101406,0.00008215245,0.00012095408,0.000059567064,0.00006172971,0.000108091954],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007445274,0.0009874919,0.118434064,0.00006085089,0.0017726333,0.000015703623,0.013234877,0.000052747422,0.3669822,0.24028037,0.044423517,0.2136811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003568718,0.0009214835,0.007467629,0.00020953706,0.00044652633,0.000026030322,0.013903581,0.041164212,0.7708169,0.04658712,0.11187672,0.0030115396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009630104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000025115953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4038347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014392604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024524365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99851316},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912781272","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.771","title":"Extending Fluorescence Longevity with a Laguerre-Gaussian Trapping Laser for the Combination of Optical Trapping and Single Molecule Fluorescence","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photobleaching; Optical tweezers; Fluorophore; Trapping; Fluorescence; Optics; Gaussian beam; Laser; Materials science; Beam (structure); Chemistry; Physics; Biology","score_opus":0.011179026053687258,"score_gpt":0.2313355567922772,"score_spread":0.22015653073858996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912781272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96574503,0.000023399454,0.03277243,0.00050793577,0.000120545345,0.00033005796,0.000010512667,0.000009572123,0.00048052822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99747473,0.000003176367,0.0022297513,0.000013206087,0.00020110163,0.000008884946,0.000003638925,0.000017138635,0.000048389524],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999031,0.00003061456,0.00022307389,0.0001893939,0.00025988423,0.00026602327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933606,0.00016000285,0.00016350675,0.0001517469,0.00008911721,0.00009958521],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015805772,0.00015047629,0.00021124257,0.00004048916,0.00017276878,0.00011528546,0.00017809487,0.000029982033,0.000022707833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010345029,0.00009918681,0.00011005075,0.00013966806,0.00016982952,0.00020870418,0.000047257276,0.00023736019,0.0000036378267],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012941287,0.0005774031,0.00407908,0.0000670427,0.00014196055,0.000004460142,0.0004039509,0.00008957423,0.94322175,0.030253138,0.000030676405,0.021001568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041062953,0.0020584862,0.031589746,0.00069982966,0.00026811883,0.000058127272,0.002003158,0.055621188,0.89801973,0.0045874803,0.00021397861,0.0007738448],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006084752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1258068e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055531614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024730463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031638054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40447205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912922160","doi":"10.1364/optica.6.000160","title":"Generating few-cycle radially polarized pulses","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory; University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Physics; High harmonic generation; Diffraction; Bandwidth (computing); Attosecond; Beam (structure); Wavelength; Gaussian beam; Laser; Ultrashort pulse; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.004174581367467322,"score_gpt":0.212089839019942,"score_spread":0.20791525765247468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912922160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8934481,0.000038141145,0.0009060048,0.00021129128,0.00032972122,0.00017234692,0.000015308275,0.00003597872,0.10484307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9798207,6.8031216e-7,0.013397676,0.000085331456,0.00037618162,0.00000860469,0.000027921644,0.000024315053,0.006258571],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992295,0.000019163032,0.00015627686,0.00019403677,0.00013743274,0.00026362648],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954623,0.000036864596,0.000049595965,0.0002583688,0.00003153839,0.000077378136],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000074657284,0.00012238554,0.00014933468,0.000026853133,0.000076727396,0.00010431446,0.00014270112,0.000028955697,0.0025037043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059038525,0.00011647569,0.00008392407,0.00007839146,0.000024674346,0.00012060061,0.000079192934,0.0001159709,0.0012251461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039737683,0.00049172115,0.095205076,0.000045572113,0.00031790542,0.000010466553,0.0006924241,0.0015765321,0.58121675,0.30220404,0.0010054739,0.017194297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.023819692,0.0025799777,0.0447581,0.0005210706,0.0009007845,0.000043666525,0.0063176085,0.39843994,0.22489147,0.08030547,0.20787396,0.009548261],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005461943,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.24376e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3968634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017300736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040517625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2914688564","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ab171b","title":"Multi-twist polarization ribbon topologies in highly-confined optical fields","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission","keywords":"Physics; Transverse plane; Ribbon; Polarization (electrochemistry); Plane wave; Electric field; Magnetic field; Condensed matter physics; STRIPS; Classical mechanics; Topology (electrical circuits); Optics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry","score_opus":0.011773784016778043,"score_gpt":0.24887637166657403,"score_spread":0.237102587649796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2914688564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94212466,0.000040480492,0.053368792,0.00053314236,0.00057125115,0.00010218152,0.0000043074965,0.000007863365,0.003247341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922807,0.0000019223742,0.0059731076,0.00005180236,0.00055854814,4.7399794e-7,0.0000060081943,0.0000117367235,0.0011156568],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992205,0.000023996585,0.0003105014,0.000096023345,0.00017591413,0.00017309513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994701,0.000058520967,0.00019506816,0.00013398936,0.00007442192,0.000067910485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009120311,0.00011351322,0.00022457541,0.000044108878,0.000019507133,0.000042062773,0.00017221698,0.000055042652,0.00016133014],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012556938,0.00009957103,0.000112090405,0.00012793933,0.00002819648,0.00022726602,0.000049426122,0.00033002498,0.00004683299],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016235921,0.0014266869,0.39235044,0.000058760448,0.00025422737,0.000027959157,0.0015128923,0.0074523976,0.09906461,0.41756555,0.0012674346,0.07885669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.023804506,0.0034464698,0.20980404,0.0006918232,0.0003778415,0.00003411435,0.005463317,0.019393709,0.40857077,0.3149029,0.011127424,0.0023830987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008209509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034649624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30950615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008953388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40603888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2916162179","doi":"10.1038/s41377-019-0142-1","title":"Optical force-induced nonlinearity and self-guiding of light in human red blood cell suspensions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Science & Applications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Army Research Office; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; 1000 Talents Sichuan Program; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Osmotic pressure; Lysis; Nonlinear system; Photonics; Red blood cell; Materials science; Light scattering; Scattering; Biophysics; Chemistry; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Optoelectronics; Biology","score_opus":0.009891807288294035,"score_gpt":0.25377417074106534,"score_spread":0.2438823634527713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2916162179","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9600602,0.0000095254,0.00038009093,0.0004205651,0.000027727365,0.00047540446,0.0000049128294,0.000022200478,0.03859941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99369365,6.493174e-7,0.005954221,0.000011398964,0.00004416915,0.000056963363,0.000007028651,0.0000086102955,0.00022331723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988991,0.000009980476,0.0002569969,0.0003513878,0.00022315701,0.00025934968],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924976,0.000036346042,0.00009257949,0.00042180234,0.00009027889,0.0001092558],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022456351,0.000106250794,0.00015339917,0.00012841294,0.00020557875,0.000051169183,0.00031401,0.000034711393,0.000042315838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000037401287,0.00010089099,0.00003953598,0.0006594519,0.00009686207,0.00015934187,0.0001656367,0.000105442545,0.000022122222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[5.812505e-7,0.0004939495,0.026051482,0.000009939724,0.0000034386253,1.9185468e-7,0.0001546433,0.000017260569,0.84969556,0.1235104,0.0000064339306,0.000056096964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049509003,0.000086418346,0.007709107,0.000023232871,0.000034346143,8.709537e-7,0.00028410082,0.0019844722,0.9818201,0.0064013903,0.00094824145,0.00021261297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028384151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004849359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13212453,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022624445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000097332086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41142154},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917221988","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2019.02.053","title":"Dynamic generation of non-diffracting beams by using an electrically variable liquid crystal lens","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Optics; Axicon; Lens (geology); Wavefront; Materials science; Liquid crystal; Aperture (computer memory); Computer science; Physics; Acoustics; Laser; Laser beams","score_opus":0.02178674002660695,"score_gpt":0.2762228889856026,"score_spread":0.25443614895899563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917221988","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92050105,0.000062917396,0.05412565,0.000099855286,0.000075714765,0.00026035996,0.000075131225,0.000019859704,0.024779465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8884798,0.000015877855,0.11057224,0.000018504714,0.000030195539,0.000009686977,0.00051540614,0.000026679052,0.00033160188],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912333,0.00005889294,0.00031771557,0.0001574595,0.00013887286,0.00020373808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998263,0.00008691218,0.00021922747,0.0012146964,0.00016553747,0.00005059774],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014091795,0.0001233534,0.00016810038,0.00005242231,0.0001990308,0.000057213852,0.00050344755,0.00005105269,0.00009200451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009286876,0.00014043224,0.000054751963,0.00022301578,0.000053250864,0.00033533998,0.00022264727,0.00023333429,0.00001596316],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005033017,0.0006096114,0.00066889945,0.000009199844,0.000060716895,3.95141e-8,0.00021814901,0.005305164,0.9632614,0.029540433,0.000019060948,0.00030228068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027486047,0.00021290359,0.00004797137,0.000022472548,0.00006209797,8.637426e-7,0.00033558352,0.9843901,0.013266489,0.00045485774,0.00070895615,0.00022286303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014358098,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037028879,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9790849,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006124348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009544875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57266605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917719973","doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-39527-1","title":"Endlessly mono-radial annular core photonic crystal fiber for the broadband transmission and supercontinuum generation of vortex beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Supercontinuum; Photonic-crystal fiber; Broadband; Core (optical fiber); Transmission (telecommunications); Optics; Fiber; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Physics; Optical fiber; Telecommunications; Composite material; Computer science","score_opus":0.013605230594538347,"score_gpt":0.22992812432365717,"score_spread":0.2163228937291188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917719973","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947835,0.00029414744,0.0016998225,0.000044257424,0.001734218,0.0007248193,0.000023664219,0.000008811098,0.00068671524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99089706,0.0000013990042,0.0006493609,0.0000044390604,0.00014114499,0.000027152715,0.00012854043,0.000014802159,0.00813611],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880755,0.000013106616,0.0003365482,0.00040041615,0.00024324445,0.0001991316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992261,0.00003328006,0.00015914724,0.00041763185,0.00011180791,0.000052059553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004863077,0.00012143457,0.00016689641,0.000042005555,0.00019596102,0.00014940237,0.000083856896,0.00003816707,0.00044835894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000050455724,0.0000873651,0.000117990516,0.000105789564,0.00014171343,0.00017289085,0.00003202114,0.000066188,0.00000460332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029203831,0.00015407373,0.019646905,0.000066389395,0.00008893111,0.000005175971,0.0015007899,0.0004334876,0.95722675,0.0010919246,0.0032756634,0.0164807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015558403,0.00030763814,0.0057895486,0.000110317866,0.00027509464,0.00005450635,0.0011251068,0.039293494,0.6718551,0.021391904,0.25752452,0.0007169378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005204612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003311726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28537166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012286344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000077337696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49092162},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920188704","doi":"10.7567/1347-4065/aafca5","title":"Power-scalable and high-speed orbital angular momentum modulator","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Japanese Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Angular momentum; Interferometry; Electro-optic modulator; Amplifier; Phase modulation; Optical modulator; Optoelectronics; Phase noise; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0038259994395653464,"score_gpt":0.19559304490329932,"score_spread":0.19176704546373396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920188704","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884024,0.000021381218,0.00021593101,0.000050017716,0.00022711357,0.00020410409,0.000009355606,0.00001419511,0.010855458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99844134,0.000001061291,0.00081304996,0.000038849947,0.0003715712,0.00000274689,0.0000069409175,0.00003561138,0.0002888164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861825,0.000014876116,0.0004299091,0.00020600342,0.00041001098,0.00032095535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990078,0.000048959242,0.0003542546,0.00026961675,0.00013297226,0.00018636479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018158894,0.00023371591,0.00042095428,0.000055999728,0.00007529291,0.00008483303,0.00021799198,0.000040827617,0.00034659592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018017995,0.00019820721,0.00013598544,0.00021036163,0.000067695735,0.00033857327,0.00011085348,0.00026226664,0.00012210388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038726634,0.0011689326,0.022652421,0.00006569397,0.00066743523,0.000021785683,0.0043420163,0.00792192,0.70584,0.2539769,0.00035671113,0.0025989024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.020375514,0.0026603886,0.03565391,0.00020782604,0.00052978646,0.00015306273,0.026045023,0.014521052,0.48157823,0.4105088,0.0043752557,0.0033911339],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013174388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6469808e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22426176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038067752,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036221343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8082655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922203076","doi":"10.3390/app9050958","title":"Nonlinear Metasurface for Structured Light with Tunable Orbital Angular Momentum","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Office of Naval Research","keywords":"Chalcogenide; Optics; Angular momentum; Beam (structure); Gaussian beam; Materials science; Femtosecond; Optoelectronics; Physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.006668426032723585,"score_gpt":0.21991309811682655,"score_spread":0.21324467208410297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2922203076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95926374,0.000047476977,0.0019824996,0.00020101742,0.00019910578,0.0007182483,0.000046666926,0.000035884517,0.03750536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97415656,1.8108545e-7,0.023739053,0.0000342084,0.00011342561,0.000051078405,0.0000244637,0.000016901144,0.00186411],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987003,0.000007147733,0.00016141396,0.00040228685,0.00033243914,0.00039640992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951196,0.000038100094,0.000100628924,0.0002308659,0.000043667034,0.00007480695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021380125,0.00017658541,0.00021382941,0.00004982925,0.00020591711,0.00013819085,0.000333981,0.000026243686,0.00035188804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014995562,0.00012504567,0.000059980262,0.00031044564,0.00013491948,0.00017414993,0.00006898084,0.00007788699,0.000104730425],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011826694,0.00038366352,0.01666246,0.000087904475,0.00033245166,0.0000026397777,0.0011005162,0.004195972,0.25928912,0.71468157,0.0018728417,0.0012725759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032414813,0.00122401,0.000505756,0.000040180832,0.0001748812,0.0000048856596,0.008174294,0.00854309,0.84064317,0.080899574,0.055079672,0.0014689891],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019228111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017603909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.633782,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016079872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007644779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50992143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922235965","doi":"10.3390/app9061082","title":"Reception of OAM Radio Waves Using Pseudo-Doppler Interpolation Techniques: A Frequency-Domain Approach","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Doppler effect; MIMO; Acoustics; Antenna (radio); Computer science; Telecommunications; Beamforming","score_opus":0.015620286029008595,"score_gpt":0.24891988928130476,"score_spread":0.23329960325229618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2922235965","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8334866,0.000010036526,0.036949262,0.000019609917,0.000088717745,0.00035932165,0.000006371965,0.000028436742,0.12905161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8227645,4.7673896e-7,0.17704777,0.000010959193,0.00007706146,0.000015429318,0.000010542033,0.00000740296,0.00006586355],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990307,0.000021168287,0.00022786448,0.00027471743,0.00025310388,0.00019240951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995705,0.000023540062,0.0001678481,0.0001781284,0.000027788117,0.00003220894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003820637,0.0001155283,0.00015695019,0.000102839345,0.00009386683,0.00004740452,0.00023355923,0.000035385383,0.0002419674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015020278,0.00009880981,0.000053670574,0.00034782398,0.00022679508,0.00019923545,0.00006263711,0.00008620626,0.000024948007],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000571359,0.00010365089,0.0141123235,0.00002358066,0.000018007171,4.7262652e-8,0.0009880655,0.00012569355,0.6518753,0.33071736,0.00005938253,0.0019708732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012402238,0.00059895555,0.0033098017,0.00023450438,0.00009309834,0.000013027213,0.032415967,0.07566646,0.27164578,0.6126123,0.00056341843,0.0016064342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006911226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6043664e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3802295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027691578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005210985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4029347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2941804958","doi":"10.1364/ol.44.002260","title":"Experimental realization of dark and antidark diffraction-free beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Diffraction; Realization (probability); Free space; Physics; Bessel function; Spatial light modulator; Ptychography; Diffraction efficiency; Bessel beam; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0039655290966868545,"score_gpt":0.21092763906310374,"score_spread":0.2069621099664169,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2941804958","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98679924,0.000021928401,0.0027734947,0.00021630601,0.00021308947,0.00012864146,0.000020697154,0.0000106366815,0.009815966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971883,0.0000015731953,0.0023423368,0.00011328706,0.00008266468,0.0000038005655,0.000039342944,0.000016016147,0.0002126593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944216,0.000011276749,0.00014380412,0.00014002135,0.00014161713,0.000121129444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957323,0.000023429819,0.00008849368,0.00026061077,0.000019328903,0.000034933484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000042693027,0.00009402958,0.0001161207,0.000034692817,0.0000328872,0.000028877574,0.00009336352,0.000019079644,0.00010460405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025451004,0.00009571316,0.000038017148,0.000060530954,0.000051020255,0.0001275024,0.0000806532,0.000059988797,0.000014792972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021928692,0.00023679719,0.12053125,0.000043734133,0.00010619493,0.0000015498127,0.00064685685,0.0004324782,0.80057967,0.07443577,0.0024139925,0.00054978946],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008454281,0.0009262468,0.09501097,0.00032027627,0.00027194322,0.000014224019,0.0079089515,0.010899444,0.85477203,0.011905334,0.007273965,0.002242322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038892293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.1129301e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.062530436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013868622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006558735,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39030695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942512315","doi":"10.1038/s41467-020-17805-1","title":"Dynamic spatiotemporal beams that combine two independent and controllable orbital-angular-momenta using multiple optical-frequency-comb lines","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; University of Central Florida; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Beam (structure); Superposition principle; Line (geometry); Mode (computer interface); Angular momentum; Laser beams","score_opus":0.024224548990104625,"score_gpt":0.2913665671750341,"score_spread":0.2671420181849295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2942512315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96936315,0.005837907,0.004169032,0.013955947,0.00029422095,0.0010490782,0.0003613179,0.0001486514,0.004820696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9635419,0.000031039162,0.035291396,0.00035318563,0.000077348086,0.000034247514,0.0005403258,0.00004237748,0.00008814107],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865,0.000095552634,0.0003624878,0.00032023177,0.00027471385,0.00029702048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981646,0.00021443253,0.00019925108,0.0010638215,0.00015140422,0.00020647822],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014757535,0.0002656106,0.0003466388,0.00006301686,0.00037794336,0.00015775576,0.000787631,0.00014042367,0.00007566902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057307003,0.0002619333,0.00011014404,0.00027101865,0.00022155419,0.0002747481,0.000760362,0.0009383011,0.000020883319],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012324574,0.0020795641,0.73645383,0.00011212506,0.0011431983,0.000019718738,0.0021082785,0.0010810612,0.054568384,0.19661926,0.0012663759,0.004424948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01767032,0.0006007368,0.029291466,0.00029101493,0.0010426057,0.000037915564,0.005321438,0.8845098,0.013751524,0.028242635,0.016259959,0.0029805645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002948716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012737153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88342875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007303638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007125975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943377024","doi":"10.1088/2040-8986/ab6303","title":"Full-field mode sorter using two optimized phase transformations for high-dimensional quantum cryptography","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"H2020 Future and Emerging Technologies; Luonnontieteiden ja Tekniikan Tutkimuksen Toimikunta; Academy of Finland; European Commission; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Austrian Science Fund","keywords":"Computer science; Encoding (memory); Sorting; Context (archaeology); Quantum cryptography; Fidelity; High fidelity; Optics; Curse of dimensionality; Quantum key distribution; Field (mathematics); Phase (matter); Azimuth; Quantum; Mode (computer interface); Photon; Algorithm; Physics; Quantum information; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.013337649616088517,"score_gpt":0.30123428266279223,"score_spread":0.2878966330467037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943377024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64066595,0.000024601559,0.35800394,0.00021026251,0.0005333984,0.00018539658,0.000053392047,0.000004898514,0.0003181614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84360397,0.000002891041,0.15589966,0.00006921368,0.00035069176,0.0000030561346,0.000017899067,0.000021999045,0.000030609925],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875623,0.000020183035,0.0005945758,0.00010144343,0.00027971063,0.00024785075],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894464,0.00012272407,0.0003667253,0.0001433569,0.00030697227,0.000115592775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018809152,0.00016447126,0.00032572894,0.00016542675,0.00009296691,0.00007103632,0.0001600886,0.00004434083,0.0002573924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000062987383,0.00014179166,0.00036827798,0.00012216425,0.000025580064,0.00038600303,0.000020811083,0.00023238687,0.000008761022],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028204056,0.0035603535,0.001026519,0.00015510381,0.0019941987,0.000016452426,0.0012749351,0.41570276,0.17166358,0.39486328,0.0024032013,0.0045192097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01910279,0.0024373932,0.000014484016,0.00016508819,0.0006025891,0.000054204247,0.00065191777,0.89289683,0.025309226,0.05761422,0.00058231124,0.0005689475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000076898605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1220102e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47719407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024364856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009993025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57820964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943628666","doi":"10.1364/oe.27.014353","title":"Self-steering partially coherent vector beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hangzhou Dianzi University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Optics; Beam steering; Gaussian; Linear polarization; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Light beam; Beam (structure); Excitation; Degree of polarization; Laser; Scattering; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.006683381381932946,"score_gpt":0.21456323146171444,"score_spread":0.2078798500797815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943628666","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9020709,0.000054235366,0.0034538072,0.00006544078,0.0009730231,0.0004359189,0.000035662004,0.0001209022,0.09279012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859106,0.0000021437656,0.010041207,0.000019973219,0.000360745,0.000033758013,0.000027123151,0.000039857565,0.003564627],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897176,0.000017232343,0.00020451326,0.00024757202,0.00022307942,0.00033581484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999324,0.000036126057,0.000077182856,0.00040250795,0.000052632444,0.000107509026],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006635394,0.0001785479,0.00018703021,0.000025573918,0.000052971995,0.00010503454,0.00023883449,0.000040729108,0.0007795489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019422398,0.00017619059,0.00009518841,0.00006819909,0.000019663077,0.00012900241,0.00016551616,0.00014872944,0.0007319038],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008045848,0.0023913784,0.1098054,0.00053904625,0.0011705093,0.000028866223,0.004570431,0.014570618,0.14533544,0.71255714,0.0024682204,0.0064824945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0071063978,0.0011711033,0.006213655,0.00048318336,0.00049125997,0.000009940746,0.0032079292,0.128425,0.3956915,0.011126717,0.44153693,0.004536373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001583809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8159902e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70143044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029889785,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002899721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9407387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943758254","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aay1977","title":"Transfer of orbital angular momentum of light to plasmonic excitations in metamaterials","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Accelerated Innovation Research Initiative Turning Top Science and Ideas into High-Impact Values; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","keywords":"Plasmon; Angular momentum; Metamaterial; Physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.011066316352525828,"score_gpt":0.26137229663311595,"score_spread":0.25030598028059015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943758254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99667656,0.00010087564,0.001069026,0.00062947435,0.00011456058,0.00015970884,0.000047159512,0.000005848475,0.00119681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978213,0.0000011666651,0.00208103,0.00002387356,0.000023720195,0.000013945724,0.0000022245308,0.000004859791,0.000027916241],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906206,0.000013103412,0.000282073,0.00019666065,0.0002620296,0.00018407589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996778,0.000020789836,0.000047656034,0.00011055922,0.000062084786,0.00008112976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001511198,0.000079105535,0.00019283532,0.00009684094,0.000033493558,0.000016309683,0.00027474796,0.000008300284,0.00013588123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020642321,0.00007007175,0.0000424888,0.0008282136,0.00017301564,0.00060020003,0.000047668607,0.000032542786,0.000011561343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010941483,0.00006451417,0.0021661888,0.000024034212,0.0000065060835,6.851984e-7,0.0018402463,0.0011711229,0.979508,0.01455366,0.0000065554063,0.0006475446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016350561,0.0001365633,0.00078737526,0.00002120062,0.0000068484787,8.9316444e-8,0.0017370529,0.000046009867,0.99386895,0.0027017596,0.00044747288,0.00008318896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016231379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020497384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014360932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010918085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065306966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2857443},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944246790","doi":"10.23919/cleo.2019.8750263","title":"Engineering the Wavelength and Topological Charge of Non-Diffracting Beams Along Their Axis of Propagation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Wavelength; Angular momentum; Topological quantum number; Physics; Optics; Laser beams; Laser; Optical vortex; Charge (physics); Light beam; Topology (electrical circuits); Engineering; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008227977956700909,"score_gpt":0.21024180539052637,"score_spread":0.20201382743382545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944246790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967773,0.000019253996,0.0008224423,0.00015902532,0.00004370952,0.00018608598,0.0000109184275,0.000005974067,0.0019753135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994593,0.00003379381,0.0003085867,0.0000127793555,0.00004273025,0.000005595439,0.000009370053,0.0000084936655,0.00011933229],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994033,0.0000128848915,0.00017061058,0.00014278745,0.00009038022,0.00018001723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995609,0.000096276,0.00011351966,0.00013609011,0.000057288027,0.000035958168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011845489,0.00012057582,0.00018526666,0.000026975267,0.000043105705,0.000024109582,0.000078732075,0.000038354086,0.000042808453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000095615205,0.00008027211,0.00003469647,0.000060061404,0.00006231661,0.00006105125,0.000042124084,0.0001680175,0.0000024585268],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000944063,0.0003060856,0.050907522,0.00026104864,0.00022746314,0.0000012486057,0.0021817172,0.00017677985,0.3608138,0.54972875,0.000019489544,0.035281666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013546695,0.0019173768,0.016084278,0.0002666026,0.00009580186,0.0000051746315,0.0037474092,0.40684184,0.5620447,0.0068358155,0.00020591747,0.0006004464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001986599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5994168e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54289293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000070102956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025254276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32734016},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944352129","doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-43434-w","title":"Texture Analysis of Polycrystalline Vaterite Spherulites from Lake Sturgeon Otoliths","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Vaterite; Aragonite; Calcite; Crystallite; Materials science; Texture (cosmology); Sturgeon; Crystallography; Biology; Mineralogy; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Chemistry; Fishery","score_opus":0.00371121502637594,"score_gpt":0.20926740332039673,"score_spread":0.20555618829402078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944352129","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910639,0.00009099428,0.00033001782,0.0000292983,0.0021467314,0.00019701745,0.00018267093,0.000023479368,0.005935927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9846966,2.3719075e-7,0.0005384539,0.000009011749,0.000077730736,0.0000052009887,0.0012065896,0.000013330297,0.013452823],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981557,0.000023933213,0.0005332163,0.00059509784,0.00044255826,0.0002494829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983415,0.000029405192,0.00041251112,0.0009870713,0.00014194843,0.000087552406],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033803313,0.00015808453,0.00037728125,0.00017285693,0.00006565831,0.00016455406,0.00015093516,0.00004102421,0.00876243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007747753,0.00013491078,0.0002885175,0.000981056,0.00010799903,0.0001493244,0.00011064723,0.00008739412,0.000052300413],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074930304,0.00020982935,0.91417176,0.000016132475,0.00095597556,0.00003089681,0.00045308805,0.00058334676,0.0806797,0.0005874793,0.0009033605,0.001400932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009359309,0.00015690419,0.36298102,0.00021387875,0.0036305932,0.000009202643,0.002691635,0.0110672135,0.15941419,0.06916598,0.3878856,0.0018478564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028036998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000069061076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55119073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011967527,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048656446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9921437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944416248","doi":"10.23919/cleo.2019.8749763","title":"Evolution and Conservation of Orbital Angular Momentum in Three-Dimensional Structured Light","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Angular momentum of light; Orbital motion; Orbital angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Azimuthal quantum number; Sign (mathematics); Structured light; Classical mechanics; Quantum electrodynamics; Optics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0066798094837587085,"score_gpt":0.20717501243345832,"score_spread":0.2004952029496996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944416248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997329,0.00007439009,0.00017702929,0.00040650278,0.00008458856,0.0002234343,0.000023837587,0.000008566691,0.001672627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993671,0.0000043748346,0.00031503712,0.000027793576,0.000034020162,0.0000057967845,0.000042348718,0.000011168658,0.00019234973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991396,0.000019789126,0.00021962031,0.00023127111,0.00016241652,0.00022732074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957913,0.000030212825,0.00010625151,0.00014395358,0.00007957352,0.000060848553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007971518,0.00015759391,0.00021956522,0.00008702674,0.000038866317,0.00003286623,0.00006160264,0.000059946342,0.00009156166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004379334,0.00014717154,0.000030352352,0.00011663782,0.00006742284,0.00011690705,0.000043316195,0.0001566298,0.0000062324452],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120843964,0.00014102014,0.10126172,0.000052220985,0.000055440905,0.0000029314444,0.00013409965,0.0001308798,0.11067028,0.78658766,0.00010485458,0.0007380338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007219913,0.0031443443,0.14750011,0.00048772062,0.00017317566,0.000016034503,0.0014909178,0.2572061,0.13159543,0.44912505,0.00044281242,0.0015983463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011014832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026374533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3374626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028598302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007042105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60014814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945468832","doi":"10.3390/app9102084","title":"Numerical Approach for Studying the Evolution of the Degrees of Coherence of Partially Coherent Beams Propagation through an ABCD Optical System","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions; China Scholarship Council; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Hermite polynomials; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Gaussian; Degree of coherence; Ray transfer matrix analysis; Optics; Expression (computer science); Beam (structure); Physics; Computer science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.02472140050511885,"score_gpt":0.2527449421227432,"score_spread":0.22802354161762434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945468832","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89547104,0.000018089,0.09671683,0.00001996423,0.00008481709,0.0011223296,0.000008462497,0.0000060881703,0.0065524084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920669,7.48829e-8,0.0077912654,0.0000015622566,0.000036495145,0.000086962034,0.0000024673811,0.000004090376,0.000010162114],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898165,0.00003558986,0.00027941156,0.00018396859,0.00037801272,0.00014137483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993221,0.00008475995,0.00027954948,0.00022096428,0.000076212076,0.000016391261],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004487125,0.00008047397,0.0001718256,0.000011671971,0.00012060043,0.000018185607,0.00042307228,0.000020398751,0.000006002656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000041950743,0.000042261174,0.00006014107,0.0002423393,0.00042133714,0.000106814645,0.0000671563,0.000052703534,0.0000010022601],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022015942,0.000284766,0.03229634,0.00012486281,0.000030017021,5.284087e-9,0.0013280524,0.035241097,0.031354316,0.8985317,0.0000043310665,0.000782493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015657896,0.0016751873,0.04514092,0.00023677376,0.00024044857,0.0000013817385,0.13646708,0.45418227,0.34826007,0.011666101,0.000029864781,0.00053409854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012898141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012497757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8868656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002407394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009826831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17233606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946359935","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.124.013607","title":"Single Photons Emitted by Nanocrystals Optically Trapped in a Deep Parabolic Mirror","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council","keywords":"Physics; Photon; Dipole; Quantum dot; Coupling (piping); Trapping; Optics; Quantum optics; Atomic physics; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015395756856143673,"score_gpt":0.26195019549994064,"score_spread":0.24655443864379697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2946359935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.973122,0.0018459782,0.0007656729,0.022257078,0.000041159197,0.00068844395,0.000051593546,0.000055446137,0.0011726437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816458,0.000091138296,0.0005293776,0.01736351,0.00012894708,0.00011674718,0.000071243994,0.000039840634,0.000013362478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984147,0.00009236141,0.00038480578,0.00040416027,0.0002600575,0.0004438983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992991,0.00008872091,0.00011002899,0.00024053347,0.000021742768,0.00023986834],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000068563546,0.00027669859,0.0005805943,0.000020213107,0.00003804399,0.00004209084,0.00029948962,0.0000115120865,0.0002197622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026538164,0.00025379317,0.00027233534,0.0004260788,0.00008831617,0.0001293032,0.000090634414,0.00026931704,0.00024036631],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015226087,0.0010962592,0.0016539454,0.00065304036,0.000111393856,0.00001701519,0.0006728109,0.000016577347,0.9805982,0.0012033237,0.008624366,0.0053378544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012625542,0.0020637913,0.0063094394,0.009372893,0.0020528256,0.000012228812,0.0010620189,0.03375323,0.280581,0.0059720515,0.6366075,0.009587483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027787093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.413991e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7000172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003193865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001766399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948953269","doi":"10.1016/j.ultramic.2019.112861","title":"Design of electrostatic phase elements for sorting the orbital angular momentum of electrons","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Ultramicroscopy","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Horizon 2020; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Electron; Optics; Ideal (ethics); Phase (matter); Sorting; Electrostatic lens; Orbital angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015277807647696207,"score_gpt":0.3049096717526256,"score_spread":0.2896318641049294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2948953269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67820364,0.00018302807,0.317628,0.000053134478,0.00033862822,0.0025587133,0.0008031855,0.000018912126,0.00021276929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.981194,0.000010390488,0.017295156,0.000017505681,0.00012904232,0.00020987507,0.0006298763,0.000082453196,0.00043166094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99747354,0.000093547154,0.001023162,0.00046008173,0.00031183797,0.0006378506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99749565,0.00025839568,0.0012599863,0.00071778486,0.00021496695,0.000053244537],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050136424,0.00042252633,0.000692899,0.000100458186,0.00009775902,0.00006318912,0.0006307954,0.00010072343,0.00008189605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029995736,0.000353238,0.0003579526,0.00014369393,0.00015260684,0.00006469914,0.00021056503,0.00046060118,0.0000075492458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017399061,0.00091463706,0.0016702194,0.00049329444,0.00079247815,4.832957e-7,0.000775623,0.0030857713,0.9877209,0.0031100377,0.00060402637,0.00065851666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017587476,0.00087064464,0.000028738466,0.00017833497,0.00036287835,7.48532e-7,0.0003565532,0.009834786,0.96982634,0.016268738,0.0001187491,0.0003947426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000067253124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.9102875e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3029904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008070398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003473593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949074486","doi":"10.1364/josab.36.001867","title":"Wavelength and topological charge management along the axis of propagation of multichromatic non-diffracting beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Wavelength; Topological quantum number; Charge (physics); Physics; Optics; Topology (electrical circuits); Engineering; Quantum mechanics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.005631715892945067,"score_gpt":0.22360366238856288,"score_spread":0.21797194649561782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949074486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954896,0.000026802223,0.0021567324,0.0010272274,0.00008111518,0.00021262217,0.0000031560385,0.0000011840386,0.0010015721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9771783,0.000021798614,0.022592595,0.000038637532,0.00005359182,0.0000012825674,4.433837e-7,0.000006540182,0.00010682914],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989719,0.000036931688,0.00046935613,0.00007424177,0.00031881323,0.00012874915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99875444,0.0001932166,0.0007566119,0.00016243912,0.00009827154,0.00003501735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003151531,0.00009009012,0.00029703995,0.00001063264,0.00004905555,0.000009701453,0.00022302085,0.000027384658,0.000085535336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019875532,0.000047091962,0.00030025354,0.00011228302,0.00029931657,0.00007290377,0.00015941811,0.00020165693,0.0000018917314],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045426344,0.0069548134,0.34719285,0.0039175027,0.0077665173,0.000004797431,0.024655282,0.0024952176,0.27116823,0.03842109,0.0021214075,0.294848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008432193,0.006136213,0.44526562,0.0026009874,0.0022565702,0.00005285964,0.09496532,0.26089108,0.16552556,0.011056758,0.0016550561,0.0011618008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024990017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.283416e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2936862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002008662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017671295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19203545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949479278","doi":"10.1364/oma.2019.at2e.3","title":"Waveguides of Light through Red Blood Cells","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Laser beams; Trapping; Laser; Optics; Optoelectronics; Red blood cell; Materials science; Laser light; Light beam; Physics; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.01111469666223941,"score_gpt":0.23404897197008634,"score_spread":0.22293427530784693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949479278","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20860139,0.00015952939,0.0029497286,0.00039111672,0.0013897372,0.00057602266,0.00017001329,0.000051914547,0.7857106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96073836,0.000011468769,0.011687165,0.000030950607,0.00035642035,0.000015859594,0.000094175564,0.00004061903,0.027024971],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875706,0.000023798037,0.00041389864,0.0003630107,0.00021780193,0.00022442576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876255,0.00002928421,0.00027581307,0.0007890359,0.00010378497,0.00003951335],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007144344,0.00027137547,0.00043775083,0.000035742847,0.000020589612,0.000039382307,0.0003743858,0.0001281172,0.002083478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000017949883,0.00023585955,0.00029756615,0.000053437936,0.000037826107,0.000054171152,0.00087503076,0.00030613728,0.00018226315],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053309606,0.0044372594,0.024711305,0.0026724434,0.005764509,0.000018133413,0.0040333956,0.0043752994,0.21156028,0.629536,0.11041348,0.0024246492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004348144,0.00006960004,0.00009526502,0.00016573441,0.00025121006,3.002509e-7,0.0002652399,0.00018991696,0.9228301,0.06060921,0.014609075,0.0004795343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023829025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3288953e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7586856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011874631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008400407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99882877},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949990804","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ab4f46","title":"Double-slit interferometry as a lossy beam splitter","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Beam splitter; Interferometry; Lossy compression; Quantization (signal processing); Unitary transformation; Diffraction; Beam (structure); Quantum optics","score_opus":0.010281306528624619,"score_gpt":0.24840109199182717,"score_spread":0.23811978546320256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949990804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9700734,0.00007326058,0.0044848383,0.00025606516,0.0008035967,0.00010501242,0.0000053097183,0.000007800699,0.024190692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99035406,0.0000019755935,0.00084905245,0.00014348057,0.002271912,6.1833276e-7,0.000004394407,0.000029776907,0.0063447496],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890244,0.000013542034,0.00036599263,0.00013333281,0.00034260002,0.00024211938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990656,0.000036196,0.00034022462,0.00025292314,0.00013928517,0.00016576449],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010712278,0.00017437246,0.0003018736,0.000062606814,0.000028935521,0.00009180835,0.00031770067,0.00003593913,0.0015823077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000020074633,0.00014960598,0.00028577095,0.00019205772,0.000028576827,0.00037241587,0.00009908471,0.00038984904,0.0009570256],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013857101,0.003251203,0.2613409,0.00026233285,0.0032436377,0.000097395096,0.0058493027,0.002252929,0.105784915,0.38147143,0.05581409,0.17924617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018020634,0.0035631144,0.0049603055,0.00081894925,0.00058224093,0.0001327694,0.002624807,0.00025474353,0.4475794,0.39888844,0.12073364,0.0018409617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037622824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3545997e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3417945,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045588153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012751768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998208},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2951464123","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.1902.08805","title":"Optical force-induced nonlinearity and self-guiding of light in human red blood cell suspensions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Osmotic pressure; Lysis; Nonlinear system; Photonics; Light scattering; Materials science; Scattering; Biophysics; Optics; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Physics; Optoelectronics; Biology","score_opus":0.04306607855900022,"score_gpt":0.19597332464251588,"score_spread":0.15290724608351566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2951464123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97978926,0.00001388841,0.00046047074,0.000027316904,0.00013541189,0.00035016128,0.000021956284,0.00003127927,0.019170273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982798,0.000011445488,0.00050002657,0.000003849045,0.00007760678,5.8419664e-7,0.000045107794,0.000026789192,0.0010547863],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998679,0.00006100756,0.00027340348,0.0006163565,0.00007514767,0.0002951278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989329,0.00006429897,0.00021686198,0.00056940806,0.000095961244,0.000120553734],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014380297,0.00027537436,0.00044357975,0.00018453838,0.00007756152,0.00003093641,0.00033324142,0.00020998801,0.00005648417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005349497,0.0003260473,0.00016782795,0.00020167774,0.000051087485,0.00009574323,0.0011305423,0.00047916026,0.000009670854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007811123,0.0047179717,0.49105394,0.0007334431,0.0007697077,0.00032107157,0.0011272413,0.021718198,0.10120897,0.3781285,0.00009348687,0.000049365048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017397732,0.001582455,0.04144677,0.0019342729,0.0042142435,0.00001043979,0.004992077,0.20994292,0.5514162,0.16082788,0.0004324824,0.0058025355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021671662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020513397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45020723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005930961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009735488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2952505915","doi":"10.1002/9783527808465.emc2016.5318","title":"Spin polarisation with electron Bessel beams?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Electron; Spin (aerodynamics); Angular momentum; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.006642757442305521,"score_gpt":0.2477950086813742,"score_spread":0.24115225123906867,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2952505915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82581824,0.00045669382,0.0027777276,0.00052401173,0.0014410816,0.0013163042,0.0006648727,0.00034819276,0.1666529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9752936,0.000039312177,0.0034215057,0.00012300466,0.0024015238,0.000068510715,0.00038839513,0.00038404737,0.017880142],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99696225,0.000049828614,0.0005927973,0.0011219751,0.00042537105,0.0008477839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979249,0.000019192325,0.00083721196,0.00047514105,0.0005120025,0.00023154485],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035985274,0.00080863334,0.00056584657,0.00019535668,0.00024349544,0.0006799433,0.00092941686,0.00014406728,0.00021753932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013272793,0.0006287518,0.0001962077,0.0001424371,0.0002763446,0.00040908827,0.0010082431,0.0009839695,0.00064363144],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010417873,0.0014722734,0.11432569,0.0018116952,0.0025271573,0.000071462586,0.004822055,0.000022183005,0.65731883,0.052401897,0.14564301,0.018541984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038613614,0.0009266831,0.007997084,0.0053303973,0.0006711592,0.000022985818,0.0006062217,0.00007906797,0.83345765,0.009640437,0.13331218,0.0040947497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044569053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.259044e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17613886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015771021,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021149815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953764552","doi":"10.1088/2040-8986/ab2c48","title":"Standard and elegant higher-order Laguerre–Gaussian correlated Schell-model beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Laguerre polynomials; Optics; Gaussian; Physics; Order (exchange); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0059435112704661714,"score_gpt":0.22844752290069534,"score_spread":0.22250401163022918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2953764552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9738839,0.00025540212,0.007369629,0.0005350624,0.0007960362,0.00012651186,0.000027041124,0.000010355852,0.01699602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9788088,0.000028697501,0.01682678,0.000051553478,0.00026097646,5.740711e-7,0.0000050261383,0.000030619205,0.003986932],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988496,0.000018583622,0.00043053075,0.00012421855,0.00033249814,0.00024458114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902356,0.000035377,0.00034908534,0.00017869213,0.0002543208,0.00015894079],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020587904,0.00017038354,0.00031909943,0.00007782828,0.00005270543,0.000095754316,0.00015719752,0.000067869594,0.00025412766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006667538,0.0001386955,0.000102403865,0.0001312254,0.00005680805,0.00024926732,0.00007496817,0.00043380554,0.00004108696],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011265802,0.001955309,0.20890719,0.00032222262,0.0029819391,0.00023551959,0.0033056757,0.10851123,0.034174617,0.6082132,0.010561774,0.019704776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03813501,0.010798866,0.018308464,0.0022840297,0.0029212255,0.00058475364,0.009083216,0.5924671,0.038623024,0.15101913,0.12968402,0.0060911323],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003404745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.590945e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4839559,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040657054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012323885,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5655838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954826548","doi":"10.1109/tap.2019.2925279","title":"Solar “Meta-Sails” for Agile Optical Force Control","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Solar sail; Spacecraft; Aerospace engineering; Exoplanet; Physics; Agile software development; Range (aeronautics); Optics; Computer science; Planet; Astronomy; Engineering","score_opus":0.012939142973506176,"score_gpt":0.22994542210542243,"score_spread":0.21700627913191625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2954826548","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09262836,0.000029726561,0.9045636,0.00036256385,0.0002980944,0.00079515984,0.00011178572,0.000032252978,0.0011784765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949672,0.000004118871,0.0009812247,0.00011389658,0.00006984056,0.00015640492,0.000014882428,0.000019981648,0.0036724112],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928683,0.00001956752,0.00017510379,0.00021954163,0.000111959314,0.00018700105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995855,0.00007827291,0.000052546675,0.00014210504,0.000077554054,0.00006399945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012034346,0.00014157832,0.00020302024,0.00005092246,0.00013392324,0.00006257749,0.000052291354,0.00004341604,0.0003573951],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010564688,0.00011592529,0.00017306149,0.00006498815,0.000036510104,0.00017175554,6.6907467e-7,0.00012066964,0.000067324196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021953702,0.0036337255,0.0028955636,0.0007794457,0.007819016,0.0000058382902,0.0017273705,0.016101472,0.44249687,0.14636773,0.00092586037,0.37505174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014004852,0.0042334385,0.0009709626,0.00016037731,0.0044141277,0.000017342722,0.0015052187,0.42611492,0.5087162,0.025765572,0.012074161,0.002022837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012595319,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020249186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90358233,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013331708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001799464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47272962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955809324","doi":"10.1038/s42005-019-0156-2","title":"Classical analogy of a cat state using vortex light","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; University of Shanghai for Science and Technology; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Seoul National University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Oxford; University of Calgary","keywords":"Quantum decoherence; Superposition principle; Physics; Phase space; Quantum state; Quantum mechanics; Coherent states; Classical mechanics; Quantum; Phase (matter); Angular momentum; Rotation (mathematics); Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023279600126974685,"score_gpt":0.2844464990758426,"score_spread":0.2611668989488679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2955809324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96615976,0.00008115669,0.0054042456,0.00030859507,0.00010474242,0.00021937133,0.00006858938,0.000021906151,0.02763163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99396026,0.000006277156,0.005283047,0.000018109999,0.00004968788,0.000007184393,0.00006247439,0.000018659137,0.00059430406],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993388,0.00005843704,0.00022567282,0.00011917629,0.000104978484,0.00015291663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981011,0.00007158421,0.00015294264,0.0015251222,0.00010708053,0.000042135216],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000563646,0.00010352306,0.00019023649,0.000028419041,0.00007497809,0.000017802175,0.00057314994,0.000020461343,0.00007289686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000020074083,0.00010603293,0.00010069374,0.00022303978,0.00011697719,0.0001151097,0.00040523423,0.00013190361,0.00011176896],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010425513,0.0014271055,0.08959894,0.00004756371,0.00032103804,3.093932e-7,0.001847596,0.0008850775,0.064281434,0.8152505,0.0003288211,0.026001189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002871614,0.0003891079,0.013585397,0.00028354235,0.0004793358,0.0000038230346,0.0028203137,0.47032872,0.05349023,0.39470997,0.059209764,0.0018281908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000073482894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003053668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46944365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030443263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000746846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43238977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2961132564","doi":"10.5539/apr.v11n4p1","title":"A Novel Theory for the Scattering of P-Polarized Hermite-Gaussian Electromagnetic Beams by a Double Metallic Nano-Slit","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Diffraction; Optics; Wavelength; Gaussian; Scalar (mathematics); Polarization (electrochemistry); Hermite polynomials; Scattering; Lambda; Gaussian beam; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics; Geometry","score_opus":0.025597694874932308,"score_gpt":0.2997171489187322,"score_spread":0.2741194540437999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2961132564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9123361,0.00034124605,0.03146536,0.0003759364,0.00015017664,0.004624377,0.00022735835,0.000048580758,0.05043084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928393,0.0000035807714,0.0011047793,0.000026843614,0.00019834895,0.0005752713,0.00008599348,0.00006923341,0.0050966428],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979371,0.000048611582,0.00028343225,0.00040270513,0.0005961923,0.0007319646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982976,0.0006432447,0.000111668756,0.00071757345,0.000144453,0.00008549718],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009266733,0.000221336,0.00032632798,0.00007295459,0.00022749799,0.00011999087,0.00067871215,0.000052968902,0.00026618867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034214934,0.00017005524,0.00018882088,0.00060535315,0.00026948858,0.000092932445,0.00028530127,0.00042558924,0.00012571506],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012734057,0.00021550189,0.0000478731,0.000045709654,0.00015938812,3.3451393e-8,0.00018746915,0.000020148085,0.6127653,0.383742,0.00009724347,0.0025919455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046441425,0.00039425635,0.00008186817,0.00003845706,0.000108718144,6.2135734e-7,0.0011841499,0.0017017933,0.8434449,0.14061311,0.0072985217,0.0004894821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014495672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.190438e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2431289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000451649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010939277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6934651},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2967057726","doi":"10.1364/oe.20.013195","title":"Influence of atmospheric turbulence on optical communications using orbital angular momentum for encoding","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":320,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum key distribution; Angular momentum; Physics; Turbulence; Free-space optical communication; Optics; Quantum channel; Channel (broadcasting); Optical communication; Channel capacity; Photon; Atmospheric turbulence; Phase (matter); Computational physics; Quantum; Telecommunications; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Quantum information; Mechanics","score_opus":0.024050420696900495,"score_gpt":0.2839480730641181,"score_spread":0.2598976523672176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2967057726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98158354,0.00014893588,0.013564911,0.000035139386,0.00012446502,0.00032698456,0.00006731521,0.000019740557,0.0041289874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89540344,0.000004300821,0.10423315,0.0000128576075,0.00014713555,0.000046399877,0.000022186252,0.000028276432,0.00010223669],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998851,0.000026925856,0.00032960158,0.00017026727,0.000213618,0.00040859074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99863905,0.00020305232,0.00017020173,0.00072691176,0.00012834405,0.00013245696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017273439,0.00018040434,0.00022484144,0.000017999271,0.00015232216,0.00003639371,0.00047273713,0.000050720606,0.000023607654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003218452,0.00018236662,0.00010869975,0.00013972659,0.00017806544,0.00029607766,0.0002751207,0.00014956157,0.000009982746],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006446995,0.002079948,0.023937367,0.00017090686,0.00026144183,0.0000013900457,0.002359708,0.07519464,0.19814035,0.6966789,0.00012464848,0.0009862544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037498656,0.0010986582,0.0045986366,0.0011307453,0.00076977187,0.000017303753,0.005346113,0.38240194,0.57336575,0.017789833,0.006805453,0.002925965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024044979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.4360494e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67888904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045552122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029819317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7436695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968876605","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.123.060403","title":"Realization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox Using Radial Position and Radial Momentum Variables","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Photon; Position (finance); EPR paradox; Angular momentum operator; Classical mechanics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Uncertainty principle; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Quantum entanglement","score_opus":0.009339325724026137,"score_gpt":0.2507891049427902,"score_spread":0.2414497792187641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2968876605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99543464,0.00057559495,0.0012164074,0.0012599012,0.00022556343,0.00060324714,0.000030217045,0.000009430919,0.00064501975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824315,0.00009991189,0.00014794338,0.0011180164,0.00031295596,0.0000096508375,0.000031634,0.000017307713,0.000019407904],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912167,0.00009754559,0.00021740209,0.00018906915,0.00020810396,0.00016621973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999455,0.000048707134,0.00017867055,0.00025017225,0.000023416074,0.000044048233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009730522,0.00014059084,0.00028694008,0.00001725819,0.000056197165,0.000024851151,0.00012474289,0.0000071581953,0.000041694046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000057234884,0.00010467439,0.00013618328,0.00016134337,0.00006874509,0.00014073306,0.000076615004,0.00009610788,0.000012202668],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046413763,0.00065232755,0.027615251,0.0027387515,0.00038431445,0.0000024128212,0.00059284526,0.0026180737,0.73956877,0.21569714,0.0032791623,0.006804518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01970005,0.0019656566,0.068288356,0.046178486,0.009214786,0.00008468717,0.0006106108,0.35372052,0.23540267,0.17051053,0.08470361,0.009620037],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007598218,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3025787e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5041661,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031929256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001918222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42684978},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970132400","doi":"10.1109/pn.2019.8819580","title":"Recent Progress in Specialty Optical Fibers for Guiding of OAM and Cylindrical Vector Beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Transmission (telecommunications); Optical fiber; Optics; Computer science; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.014787625767651311,"score_gpt":0.2597088998970295,"score_spread":0.2449212741293782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2970132400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98121005,0.000079467216,0.00047101371,0.00036224647,0.0001675548,0.00045409906,0.000009812381,0.000007814426,0.017237937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99027646,0.0000038738917,0.008997873,0.000011477908,0.0001380913,0.00001852439,0.000012762107,0.000011062538,0.00052988745],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993519,0.000007811735,0.00019740757,0.00016268523,0.000098573,0.00018159517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970204,0.000059684735,0.00004110355,0.00010804599,0.000036375906,0.000052763065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009866386,0.00008272466,0.00016792951,0.000029969471,0.0000134465,0.000017376176,0.00006543747,0.000029855924,0.00027931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000054597876,0.000070948954,0.000043331824,0.000072709096,0.000044711614,0.00005095728,0.0000635383,0.000046538633,0.000012848006],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011919135,0.0006585188,0.5513769,0.00010144496,0.0000816927,0.000001254305,0.00040040293,0.000032761913,0.0009296002,0.32895866,0.0006287988,0.11671077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.021652486,0.0049229213,0.46693808,0.0006946111,0.0002917293,0.000007938883,0.0073655485,0.039886687,0.24606648,0.051043443,0.15762594,0.0035041238],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005366115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016079217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2779152,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021885066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002251455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3058249},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970218679","doi":"10.1364/ota.2017.ottu3e.1","title":"Characterization of Heterogeneous Protein Mixtures using Single Molecule Double Nanohole Optical Tweezers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Scattering; Molecule; Characterization (materials science); Light scattering; Materials science; Optics; Molecular physics; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.021064555600887963,"score_gpt":0.2560503607381936,"score_spread":0.23498580513730563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2970218679","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9798253,0.0000037072916,0.008163545,0.000055118366,0.000085680585,0.0002380925,0.000013903694,0.000014771405,0.011599866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964087,8.668852e-8,0.0025599236,0.000009020695,0.00010633815,0.000008808267,0.000026890735,0.000018874916,0.0008613595],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933857,0.000008737845,0.0001749184,0.00016025674,0.00013713293,0.00018039098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936414,0.0000031672093,0.00016670104,0.0003606187,0.000049940758,0.0000554476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041321535,0.00011359458,0.00014324623,0.00002593485,0.00015763106,0.00012155168,0.00019361124,0.000034917044,0.00018788216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000286543,0.000104757186,0.00007631419,0.00002519389,0.00009005052,0.00016929161,0.00012113619,0.000052195548,0.00001206091],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014942231,0.00015174403,0.0010130776,0.0000110172805,0.000030582374,0.0000016696584,0.00003522321,0.000035909852,0.9920069,0.0062022726,0.0000017900414,0.00049487327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003521772,0.00005475472,0.00018170492,0.000022388522,0.000016331811,9.20162e-7,0.00001589357,0.0008419773,0.9979228,0.00037830888,0.00009078198,0.00012195432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010847057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010663418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016583383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001623415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021688998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4271874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972656729","doi":"10.1117/12.2528394","title":"Colloidal lithography for trapping 10 nm enzymes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Materials science; Tweezers; Lithography; Finite-difference time-domain method; Plasmon; Fabrication; Nanotechnology; Nanolithography; Aperture (computer memory); Trapping; Photolithography; Optics; Characterization (materials science); Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.004561012452228694,"score_gpt":0.21855858534721453,"score_spread":0.21399757289498583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2972656729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5885126,0.000103496284,0.01305059,0.0003009982,0.00043578306,0.0008551859,0.00006948064,0.00008574659,0.39658612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94581896,2.6557734e-7,0.003265275,0.000050858496,0.00018328443,0.00004157311,0.000027849801,0.000015306563,0.05059662],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944323,0.0000060462125,0.00011624647,0.00015614142,0.00007821939,0.00020008645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996881,0.000045874916,0.000033751556,0.00014873306,0.000038284325,0.000045264725],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005694026,0.00009720541,0.000116541094,0.000043092765,0.000045174955,0.00004674431,0.0000965542,0.00002145301,0.0030647865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011185605,0.000085605876,0.00016017976,0.00010106837,0.000017047747,0.00008238772,0.000026571553,0.000042030013,0.00020471569],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046979196,0.00030430508,0.065407075,0.00006799062,0.0002732219,3.2153613e-7,0.00031287753,0.000048922982,0.011924819,0.88281494,0.019520443,0.019278128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031408842,0.0006633688,0.0029976317,0.00004121724,0.000081850994,7.183921e-7,0.002576633,0.0020572764,0.10722882,0.03231517,0.84799075,0.0009056623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013549048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.9437523e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85049975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005320865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001673798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99784654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2973208900","doi":"10.1117/12.2528855","title":"OAM beam propagation in hollow core capillary fiber for the study of chiral light matter interactions","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Core (optical fiber); Capillary action; Fiber; Optical fiber; Beam (structure); Materials science; Optics; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.011274382350897198,"score_gpt":0.2535478620968519,"score_spread":0.24227347974595467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2973208900","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854913,0.0000049674645,0.000119219454,0.00030006442,0.000178528,0.0010830897,0.00001007986,0.0000054098755,0.012807347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9737188,9.6583506e-8,0.00007816112,0.000037474667,0.00006894358,0.000092653056,0.000024285731,0.000010287172,0.025969295],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995484,0.000008201688,0.00016098264,0.000108070104,0.00007765554,0.00009671654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996629,0.000046363963,0.000059106325,0.00018403832,0.000035510213,0.000012103681],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051842813,0.00007252531,0.00009573729,0.000025587151,0.000031495758,0.00001755239,0.00008632315,0.00001073879,0.0014266259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010375605,0.000046548255,0.00004995172,0.00007048473,0.000008865913,0.000093099356,0.00004355571,0.000071902294,0.00017066435],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000081414975,0.0026895492,0.96182233,0.000059275495,0.00029355785,5.1856955e-7,0.004563661,0.0011307419,0.0051140245,0.0045052525,0.016928801,0.0028108908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014623647,0.0037392324,0.70847666,0.00026846727,0.0005365364,0.0000052786313,0.085191995,0.021403003,0.07869193,0.009598797,0.07563319,0.0018312471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010243977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019731324,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25334564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012616726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010127015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994862},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2974097021","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1907687116","title":"Optical deformation of single aerosol particles","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Aerosol; Metastability; Particle (ecology); Whispering-gallery wave; Optics; Deformation (meteorology); Nanometre; Materials science; Physics; Composite material; Laser","score_opus":0.025493152885996056,"score_gpt":0.2678614007944561,"score_spread":0.24236824790846004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2974097021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97850794,0.000010026508,0.000002734259,0.0005186982,0.000013081258,0.000093609524,0.000005943793,0.0000027470765,0.020845208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99834704,3.8600857e-7,0.0015108099,0.000021146987,0.00003135036,0.0000021852106,1.09772195e-7,0.0000017474541,0.00008523155],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990226,0.000001254781,0.00022561727,0.00008253505,0.00058264314,0.000085364794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952096,0.00003341088,0.00027079627,0.0000053274034,0.00015362032,0.000015865187],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035534758,0.00004553026,0.000088023124,0.00004073766,0.000040476418,0.000013490581,0.0003047807,0.000021499409,0.000038354858],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027837032,0.000030157882,0.000053472577,0.0002604789,0.00030925396,0.00040996447,0.000088775145,0.000054792235,0.000004698485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036113358,0.00007302432,0.045851145,0.000030447633,0.000008637887,1.3346865e-10,0.00013604842,0.00012017642,0.63932955,0.31411293,0.000050876297,0.00028355877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009514283,0.0000451082,0.013000339,0.0000367188,0.000005996525,3.0374525e-7,0.00037122436,0.0013132661,0.9290658,0.056009397,0.000019194658,0.000037458354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002378431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.948731e-9,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28973633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001017632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011993211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.122980274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975898322","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1906861116","title":"Generation and detection of spin-orbit coupled neutron beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Perimeter Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"Nuclear Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institute of Standards and Technology; National Science Foundation; Government of Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy; Division of Materials Research; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Neutron; Physics; Spin (aerodynamics); Spin–orbit interaction; Angular momentum; Photonics; Optics; Nuclear physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.023098260071902334,"score_gpt":0.2744208310861031,"score_spread":0.25132257101420075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975898322","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970431,0.000035057466,0.0000056148365,0.00027104685,0.000025151425,0.00012906917,0.000005372936,0.0000024394,0.0024831793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999334,0.000002788236,0.0004242763,0.000017881735,0.0000804832,0.0000031411098,1.7851227e-7,0.0000022253514,0.00013507703],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991925,0.0000020403784,0.00018331135,0.000119045464,0.0004349286,0.0000682003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995308,0.00002082153,0.00028962668,0.000005168802,0.0001400638,0.000013520428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036347916,0.00005222751,0.00009049339,0.00006048779,0.00006270393,0.000013073044,0.00017550349,0.000026076654,0.000017906084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001643357,0.000037466845,0.000037160724,0.00022895681,0.0002204134,0.0002685684,0.000064471984,0.00006578296,9.658659e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029886874,0.000020670403,0.015687665,0.000022684964,0.000007975569,1.1458909e-10,0.00005922392,0.00012745973,0.933677,0.05004886,0.000012046021,0.00033338915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015391111,0.00007055741,0.06363772,0.000027289483,0.000010160305,4.871211e-7,0.00016852644,0.016486907,0.9027463,0.016609197,0.000036167137,0.00005273373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012397166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1394643e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04795005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009868514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010820707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15278536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979414160","doi":"10.1016/j.dark.2019.100428","title":"No chiral light bending by clumps of axion-like particles","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Physics of the Dark Universe","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"Science and Technology Facilities Council; Institut Périmètre de physique théorique; Russian Science Foundation; Industry Canada; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Government of Canada","keywords":"Axion; Physics; Eikonal equation; Photon; Birefringence; Polarization (electrochemistry); Parity (physics); Wave vector; Particle physics; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.00785711175799105,"score_gpt":0.21158353382848205,"score_spread":0.203726422070491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979414160","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89756906,0.00009102592,0.0016984054,0.00022119767,0.0023554862,0.00072414265,0.0018958045,0.000032762626,0.09541213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996056,0.0000064662686,0.0003578709,0.000011236368,0.00019857782,0.00000311871,0.000117229436,0.0000321183,0.003217369],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989216,0.00005178216,0.0002661678,0.0002620855,0.00027614515,0.00022226972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843156,0.00003800067,0.000545209,0.00081753614,0.0001206524,0.000047056234],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007127729,0.00024180744,0.00037163004,0.00002684576,0.00005999756,0.000020464931,0.00070407643,0.00006178179,0.000065513595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036219797,0.00020692327,0.0003941549,0.000108411434,0.00012975454,0.000109465676,0.0016598793,0.0003426256,0.000043995267],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003009679,0.0043529705,0.037625678,0.0019560643,0.0040352033,0.0000037654877,0.005932477,0.033868812,0.17934014,0.6284662,0.0920304,0.012087351],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032450065,0.00030631092,0.00073796185,0.0018463462,0.0015324818,5.634529e-7,0.0036414776,0.014363272,0.46031877,0.4788707,0.032853708,0.002283424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015355005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.9219653e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28097862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044056174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009142029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8438086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979934266","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1920226117","title":"Direct discrimination of structured light by humans","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Dichroic glass; Physics; Optics; Retina; Angular momentum; Perception; Detector; Polarizer; Computer science; Psychology; Chemistry; Neuroscience; Quantum mechanics; Birefringence","score_opus":0.028976175319484054,"score_gpt":0.29182218860951686,"score_spread":0.2628460132900328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979934266","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92539096,0.00022450852,0.00001236432,0.0059905513,0.000100374455,0.00045824982,0.00059999485,0.000014618809,0.06720838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99863964,0.0000059910103,0.000948062,0.000031021158,0.00014159371,0.000010844208,0.000003437816,0.0000064996807,0.00021292869],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980663,0.000005795376,0.00041109655,0.00029032334,0.0011149227,0.00011155349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99865496,0.000039532366,0.0009929613,0.000011207467,0.0002719456,0.000029399567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003705102,0.00014514518,0.00026343905,0.00009133076,0.00009191492,0.000029911938,0.0010234512,0.00008495491,0.000038021837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007487201,0.000102187936,0.00016019166,0.00030986447,0.0004788772,0.00018129565,0.0005849464,0.00026924285,5.0173713e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009828286,0.00011842527,0.007971015,0.0005026205,0.00011522844,1.4582898e-9,0.0011420579,0.00014107715,0.68244725,0.30157194,0.0054869847,0.0004935626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007885231,0.000024966523,0.0069014183,0.00016138171,0.000041197924,8.700135e-8,0.00026571375,0.00041833098,0.7155604,0.27623716,0.00020319645,0.0001073352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013892069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2410088e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07324866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024902953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004054724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41671032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980392743","doi":"10.1101/808352","title":"Pinhole Optical Tweezers: Extending the Photobleaching Lifetime in the Presence of an Optical Trap by Wavefront Engineering","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Photobleaching; Optical tweezers; Pinhole (optics); Trap (plumbing); Optics; Materials science; Light intensity; Fluorescence; Trapping; Laser; Wavefront; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.007354390812853335,"score_gpt":0.21194037378206354,"score_spread":0.2045859829692102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2980392743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98793226,0.0005095992,0.009375803,0.0002252003,0.00058217696,0.0010405696,0.00016964086,0.00007225418,0.00009247597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99481755,0.000014509382,0.0044334386,0.000046003588,0.00041754285,0.00016205027,0.0000015633958,0.00010141909,0.0000058961627],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99710494,0.00020546619,0.0006557158,0.00074687216,0.0006053889,0.000681631],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759436,0.00035707265,0.0002790187,0.0014960222,0.000109254106,0.00016424905],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014791631,0.0005390045,0.0005669809,0.00012695647,0.00011384164,0.00031039907,0.0014025801,0.00023715221,0.00004093599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010222426,0.00040764073,0.00021129122,0.00030374073,0.00016976098,0.00024668165,0.0005746959,0.0015510573,0.000023243347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058755795,0.0014661376,0.011228478,0.0006160853,0.00047749633,0.00004517143,0.00045812989,0.016169846,0.9353523,0.033737417,0.00033270894,0.000057443864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023282978,0.00048274384,0.073775955,0.0024431485,0.0006258999,1.672578e-7,0.0005428659,0.18328261,0.727618,0.00008436209,0.0052200165,0.0035959354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011803376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.4237563e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20773433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011996967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019366872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989171911","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.102.184420","title":"Dynamical diffraction effects in STEM orbital angular momentum resolved electron energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. B./Physical review. B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"European Research Council; Horizon 2020; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Canada Research Chairs; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Diffraction; Electron; Magnetic moment; Physics; Electron diffraction; Spin (aerodynamics); Atomic physics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Magnetic circular dichroism; Angular momentum coupling; Molecular physics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Computational physics; Condensed matter physics; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.006373021709261503,"score_gpt":0.2853831846159717,"score_spread":0.27901016290671016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2989171911","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91802573,0.05841112,0.008574713,0.006903722,0.00032412476,0.0031105608,0.000080286954,0.0002630411,0.0043067113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9881305,0.006389736,0.0000901754,0.00251677,0.0016791506,0.00059852237,0.00025368252,0.00014630149,0.00019517685],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99462014,0.0005958945,0.0011178651,0.0013188117,0.0011057963,0.0012414827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974411,0.00038505436,0.0004693051,0.0008599175,0.00012292528,0.00072169956],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025695955,0.0009913773,0.0022894694,0.00007194483,0.00013760942,0.00008870415,0.00076453306,0.00007450452,0.00013538211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013314879,0.00086215005,0.0011964183,0.0013122258,0.00021004134,0.0004601192,0.00043374952,0.0011706911,0.0005750595],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018944406,0.006733748,0.002825646,0.015582625,0.00046089833,0.00024246005,0.00039781173,0.000046937166,0.048931386,0.8126955,0.006003148,0.10589036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010219358,0.010406134,0.0126240095,0.04630007,0.0061958847,0.000047303656,0.0001585283,0.21622238,0.04507878,0.53493166,0.10705352,0.010762401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006797045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022935026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27776387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002435359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010564031,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2992977612","doi":"10.1016/j.npe.2019.11.004","title":"Simultaneous, hybrid single-molecule method by optical tweezers and fluorescence","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Fluorescence; Total internal reflection fluorescence microscope; Tweezers; Biomolecule; Nanotechnology; Fluorescence microscope; Single-molecule experiment; Confocal; Computer science; Materials science; Chemistry; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.0028015389900977916,"score_gpt":0.20535930274823536,"score_spread":0.20255776375813755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2992977612","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8053568,0.0005044901,0.19307831,0.00018180149,0.00014253498,0.00016730656,0.000015374844,0.000110994246,0.0004424173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9666933,0.000015912014,0.03303153,0.000013235899,0.000020131134,0.0000056784893,0.000007777075,0.00001874048,0.00019369996],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923176,0.000010749539,0.00014664659,0.00028749584,0.00009223841,0.0002310977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943763,0.0002626306,0.000029946348,0.0001882218,0.000019171377,0.000062405525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010879398,0.00015265918,0.00018306646,0.00007328275,0.000040576695,0.000029775701,0.00011355383,0.00010825289,0.000052879466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047024674,0.000147867,0.000027603126,0.00009100962,0.000045482702,0.00007195459,0.000151867,0.0002664698,0.00001877521],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026564687,0.00008570364,0.0014261678,0.00004843768,0.00006765021,0.000014232934,0.00006950643,0.0038370101,0.76086074,0.012912417,0.0001546426,0.22049692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007588541,0.0003164098,0.000043892378,0.00008439311,0.000034788747,0.000045431385,0.0000928675,0.24550557,0.7350612,0.0025062931,0.015037158,0.00051310944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000041367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6094787e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24166857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011576474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053740314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6029842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995353252","doi":"10.1364/josab.386622","title":"Theory of four-wave mixing of cylindrical vector beams in optical fibers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Carleton University; Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics; University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Physics; Superposition principle; Angular momentum; Photon; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Photon entanglement; Four-wave mixing; Quantum mechanics; Light beam; Quantum; Transverse plane; Orbital angular momentum of light; Quantum entanglement; Total angular momentum quantum number; Nonlinear optics; Nonlinear system","score_opus":0.01827870243982484,"score_gpt":0.2290149175202776,"score_spread":0.21073621508045276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995353252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96192414,0.00011230359,0.027718242,0.0069287783,0.00017461268,0.00016758258,0.000021483662,0.0000039570837,0.0029488981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9486924,0.000010499536,0.050895736,0.00016906689,0.0001898347,7.403475e-7,6.4190215e-7,0.000015729629,0.000025364106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99824786,0.00008126535,0.0008103873,0.00012174173,0.0005087126,0.00023000673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99841917,0.00045109887,0.0006564726,0.00017000867,0.00015181485,0.000151448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003323384,0.00014522053,0.0005978237,0.000019694193,0.00002797548,0.000009123462,0.00037081976,0.000064623746,0.00012696949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012527202,0.00010131639,0.00088605226,0.0003420459,0.0006220698,0.000081139326,0.00021236988,0.00051349594,0.0000018475109],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0035826971,0.01095387,0.07770945,0.0017929224,0.008364963,0.000064395506,0.044891447,0.037164826,0.46884978,0.17212197,0.012041758,0.1624619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016734064,0.015039214,0.102377385,0.002735592,0.0028853125,0.00010535631,0.077218555,0.100704275,0.5954728,0.07834809,0.0056711603,0.002708151],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009904623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1668645e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15975375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041555988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000109236375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41315627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2997506039","doi":"10.1364/oe.383805","title":"Self-healing properties of Hermite-Gaussian correlated Schell-model beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Gaussian; Cardinal point; Obstacle; Beam (structure); Self-focusing; Plane (geometry); Transmission (telecommunications); Laser beams; Computer science; Telecommunications; Mathematics; Laser; Geometry","score_opus":0.01034077964842242,"score_gpt":0.21451032469534576,"score_spread":0.20416954504692333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2997506039","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95015204,0.00015273277,0.002743181,0.00003919515,0.00028644092,0.00037429953,0.000029340154,0.00006689762,0.04615588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97959995,0.0000061978503,0.015813159,0.00001591322,0.00008505113,0.0000148791,0.000022351669,0.00004514866,0.004397353],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882394,0.00002211034,0.0003361532,0.00025184188,0.0002495852,0.00031635136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991761,0.000018930597,0.00016326275,0.00044011662,0.000111942296,0.00008968869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000985413,0.00020134923,0.00027386486,0.00005293795,0.000059187725,0.00005024245,0.00026566302,0.00007809318,0.00010143081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035128726,0.0001802688,0.00010902434,0.00011197163,0.000053558113,0.00017357784,0.00015700237,0.00022071325,0.00013082061],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001512423,0.0022919336,0.028214945,0.0012815476,0.0009233466,0.0000070187034,0.009516786,0.18569237,0.5563153,0.2134692,0.0003724502,0.0017638367],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011625206,0.00012812714,0.000048790713,0.0003233419,0.00010869761,0.0000014803622,0.0013606156,0.71320343,0.28049487,0.0014461435,0.0011217583,0.00060021726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026420556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3981e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52751106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002454454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006604707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7351149},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2997935898","doi":"10.1364/ol.385246","title":"Universal self-similar asymptotic behavior of optical bump spreading in random medium atop incoherent background","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Gaussian; Isotropy; Intensity (physics); Homogeneous; Coherence time; Spatial coherence; Statistical physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0065324990035004965,"score_gpt":0.21896563771824903,"score_spread":0.21243313871474853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2997935898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99196666,0.000011450757,0.0011026015,0.0004224318,0.0004590679,0.00047828836,0.000016141388,0.000024956282,0.0055184164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922134,0.0000025908482,0.0072978735,0.00009565388,0.00014073735,0.000016451198,0.00003227345,0.000039334223,0.00016164209],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984943,0.00004926307,0.00039657776,0.00030630504,0.0003382726,0.00041526134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992045,0.00014518232,0.00013376826,0.00035655603,0.000044875225,0.0001151018],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001921977,0.00024316114,0.0003950492,0.0001307559,0.00003319915,0.000046839563,0.00028082676,0.00007086864,0.0003242038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000039785314,0.00025050464,0.00015363687,0.00019393783,0.00009283475,0.00018422434,0.00016185276,0.00029757115,0.00011659184],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017515811,0.0017033954,0.79237425,0.00022907899,0.00045505448,0.00011042003,0.0017717821,0.0033766,0.13600369,0.06289156,0.00038440738,0.00052463356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.136728,0.0040947096,0.38414553,0.0035418235,0.005787042,0.0001233176,0.035315193,0.07793644,0.3205871,0.0049114795,0.012548368,0.01428097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051616356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026692417,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4082287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013311832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006664272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999947},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002110967","doi":"10.1002/admt.201901008","title":"Highly Sensitive Polarization Rotation Measurement through a High‐Order Vector Beam Generated by a Metasurface","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Technologies","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Polarizer; Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Beam splitter; Polarimeter; Polarization rotator; Superposition principle; Stokes parameters; Polarimetry; Linear polarization; Radial polarization; Optoelectronics; Birefringence; Laser; Laser beams; Scattering; Laser beam quality","score_opus":0.013028978380554248,"score_gpt":0.2220026848283774,"score_spread":0.20897370644782315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002110967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9360477,0.00021332272,0.058714174,0.002666188,0.00028315882,0.00061651575,0.00043722952,0.0009276039,0.00009415696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9748943,0.00001875666,0.024395186,0.000105747786,0.00004832461,0.00008957356,0.00037832747,0.000036983798,0.000032843473],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987157,0.000039833885,0.00031125857,0.00038527494,0.00027280228,0.00027515384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923617,0.000015060466,0.00021944808,0.0002261317,0.00027567378,0.000027521804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008438868,0.00025280102,0.00031820303,0.000027773052,0.000112067,0.00008607847,0.00016218443,0.00008673433,0.000045602897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008907684,0.0002367315,0.000035038564,0.00034261637,0.000077151795,0.0003701585,0.0001235091,0.00009939124,0.000056961293],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027518368,0.00005040147,0.000025952806,0.000017035367,0.00009574142,0.0000015354595,0.00012374796,0.0005048026,0.9905457,0.0071214554,0.0002717184,0.0012144272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044925555,0.0001269154,0.000053782493,0.000017538803,0.000048235488,2.6734696e-7,0.0008794771,0.000041272157,0.9924054,0.004217096,0.0014978374,0.00026290683],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000080148406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.951478e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03884661,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006464394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030960604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.965363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3004789373","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2019.11.3327","title":"Pinhole Optical Tweezers: Extending the Photobleaching Lifetime in the Presence of An Optical Trap by Wavefront Engineering","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photobleaching; Optical tweezers; Fluorescence; Optics; Trap (plumbing); Pinhole (optics); Materials science; Perpendicular; Biomolecule; Gaussian beam; Force spectroscopy; Light intensity; Optoelectronics; Beam (structure); Physics; Nanotechnology; Atomic force microscopy","score_opus":0.010185376887319228,"score_gpt":0.2325769868869717,"score_spread":0.22239160999965246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3004789373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.982957,0.00004250816,0.013900495,0.0022239808,0.00010010832,0.00016689424,0.000014860152,0.000012714576,0.00058140716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973694,0.0000026261355,0.0015654479,0.00012253705,0.00089960796,0.00000746374,0.000005054067,0.000019553372,0.000008288641],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985658,0.00011141208,0.0003478034,0.00019041581,0.00043453946,0.00035002522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992639,0.00023425971,0.00009316094,0.0001862392,0.000026993368,0.00019544348],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037368023,0.0001760577,0.0002284451,0.000023648894,0.00011811413,0.00016480335,0.00059859373,0.000035707522,0.00004634804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004731979,0.00010570343,0.00016383128,0.00018388318,0.00011802621,0.0002463412,0.00009675026,0.0008298703,0.000012485712],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007598148,0.0009310036,0.0005555291,0.000027639004,0.00011853791,0.000048815484,0.0037030247,0.0032337923,0.9460712,0.03171625,0.00052550656,0.012992736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031979447,0.0022030578,0.009459894,0.0003547132,0.00030225335,0.00011991795,0.011155548,0.610438,0.35355306,0.0028897566,0.004877974,0.0014479052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014538728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2089018e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6072042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022355365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028427987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4310461},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005444300","doi":"10.1364/josaa.389031","title":"Optimal Laguerre–Gaussian modes for high-intensity optical vortices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Gaussian; Angular momentum; Physics; Intensity (physics); Optics; Optical vortex; Focus (optics); Laguerre polynomials; Vortex; Laser; Computational physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.01314675542906336,"score_gpt":0.24264978840310994,"score_spread":0.2295030329740466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005444300","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75801647,0.000089979156,0.19807266,0.041715086,0.00034650695,0.00030031684,0.00004544945,0.00001529231,0.0013982626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82702625,0.000005648285,0.17162782,0.00065226434,0.00060850236,0.0000023752602,0.000001516489,0.00001738677,0.0000582501],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985898,0.000023577404,0.00053839834,0.00015414503,0.00040432508,0.00028971073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986747,0.00016889046,0.0004876133,0.00016946302,0.0002620087,0.00023730462],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016047199,0.00017130838,0.0005182699,0.000009510348,0.000110221226,0.000045489927,0.00046629607,0.000055103363,0.00007651367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000063173065,0.00011217226,0.00093626336,0.0001684081,0.00045121196,0.00014431788,0.00019925322,0.0003802273,0.000005629496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004896091,0.008477767,0.03164497,0.0012790534,0.013798486,0.000030850784,0.021344325,0.097509354,0.36591318,0.19570005,0.1811216,0.078284286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012198428,0.0113868285,0.018531382,0.00071544526,0.0047282944,0.00008924644,0.057285555,0.43987647,0.3891823,0.036345243,0.02683197,0.00282882],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016529848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.9696076e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3423671,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031638243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008121478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4574252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008055646","doi":"10.1364/oe.387181","title":"Vortex preserving statistical optical beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Vortex; Physics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Optical vortex; Refractive index; Light beam; Beam (structure); Spatial coherence; Coherence theory; Optical tweezers; Lens (geology); Coherence length; Laser","score_opus":0.015012448995124775,"score_gpt":0.24620857174281813,"score_spread":0.23119612274769336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008055646","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2446574,0.00008005656,0.51749414,0.002125031,0.00045756786,0.00050837314,0.00035530562,0.00019997552,0.23412216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93668234,0.0000015179511,0.061603054,0.00018357951,0.00071171485,0.000022126096,0.00007097798,0.000043360753,0.0006813553],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986395,0.000027030488,0.0002761511,0.00034028798,0.00031911844,0.0003978805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910253,0.000120517485,0.00005748094,0.00029602382,0.00006571412,0.0003577165],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006529973,0.00019964608,0.00022934082,0.0000174504,0.00009035009,0.00014073028,0.0003604364,0.000049326227,0.001411645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042478492,0.00019786939,0.0000787418,0.00010350269,0.000097396325,0.00015006974,0.0003638499,0.00026945202,0.00031082405],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004346845,0.0003477085,0.0052445107,0.00008527167,0.00016341724,0.000046783694,0.0009856133,0.0015181804,0.011947722,0.97054124,0.0058172955,0.0032588153],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0074597294,0.0019094519,0.006198138,0.00028887193,0.0008945153,0.00001659865,0.0068387794,0.4862132,0.1405584,0.18450597,0.15940675,0.0057095857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014274064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3055602e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78603524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013093422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033592816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995012},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009227279","doi":"10.1109/piers-spring46901.2019.9017541","title":"Investigation of Fractional Cylindrical Bessel Beams","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Azimuth; Scalar (mathematics); Symmetry (geometry); Physics; Cylindrical harmonics; Mathematical analysis; Optics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.00945964480213031,"score_gpt":0.22155664325955227,"score_spread":0.21209699845742197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009227279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9120827,0.0000032260718,0.004269931,0.00014759145,0.00012673684,0.000066653,0.0000059826725,0.0000089306795,0.0832883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99445295,1.0375122e-7,0.0021667231,0.000032309115,0.0000902611,0.0000026449627,0.00003186098,0.000004939004,0.003218225],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962157,0.000006718338,0.00010814057,0.00007873843,0.00011764074,0.00006721226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976885,0.00002738351,0.000045133114,0.000090366644,0.000037827485,0.000030450994],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034523684,0.00004592233,0.00006754751,0.000019889261,0.000012384452,0.0000070926726,0.000048071124,0.000016978045,0.0017214217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000011626202,0.000040463776,0.00003929709,0.0000609848,0.000022283592,0.00008604878,0.0000242149,0.000056875913,0.00024259108],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004599954,0.00006100856,0.59984165,0.000011022876,0.00004194091,9.457946e-8,0.000098795346,0.00017631445,0.014052683,0.38393348,0.00081086636,0.0009675258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002065774,0.00040468722,0.3083087,0.00005763932,0.00007408205,0.0000021000328,0.001834728,0.014924462,0.4034859,0.25599462,0.012077793,0.0007695337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042946907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7932837e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3894332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007036463,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022445167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99919116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010287010","doi":"10.1364/ofc.2020.w1b.2","title":"Modeling the Breakdown in Degeneracy for High-Index-Contrast Ring Core Fiber","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada); Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Degeneracy (biology); Polarization (electrochemistry); Core (optical fiber); Deformation (meteorology); Physics; Ring (chemistry); Computational physics; Topology (electrical circuits); Optics; Mathematics; Chemistry; Bioinformatics","score_opus":0.021433122438587457,"score_gpt":0.2398652342650313,"score_spread":0.21843211182644384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010287010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8986671,0.000026649277,0.092310004,0.0019923954,0.000082573,0.00036109542,0.000028991379,0.000029453595,0.006501719],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965848,3.649509e-7,0.0019532884,0.00030909755,0.00041128183,0.000047240064,0.000021121268,0.000019346393,0.0006535144],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993392,0.000007560676,0.00017831076,0.00017278666,0.00008481255,0.00021731727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972224,0.000044449545,0.000026090398,0.00012260214,0.000030486337,0.00005411453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000061738676,0.00010965205,0.00012179688,0.000013750537,0.000073325995,0.00004958548,0.00015076213,0.000020307301,0.0003701423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049411183,0.00007766863,0.00006500591,0.0000830011,0.000014027705,0.00008768592,0.00006840449,0.00010888656,0.00004189236],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010821301,0.00023868201,0.028099393,0.000056797886,0.00019039772,0.0000041336175,0.0019797871,0.41434127,0.00401701,0.5073569,0.0017111973,0.041896205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008652866,0.000029970437,0.00025694692,0.000010325632,0.000017290047,2.3307639e-7,0.0005437426,0.9844453,0.002518157,0.010401624,0.00073115656,0.00017999038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035411792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020055346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.570104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013488717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020526688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40527987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011593211","doi":"10.1364/ol.387363","title":"Off-axis spiral phase mirrors for generating high-intensity optical vortices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Junta de Castilla y León; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades","keywords":"Optics; Optical vortex; Vortex; Phase (matter); Spiral (railway); Light intensity; Phase modulation; Physics; Intensity (physics); Materials science; Phase noise; Beam (structure)","score_opus":0.027063682372138582,"score_gpt":0.27098199762619823,"score_spread":0.24391831525405966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011593211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.935312,0.000016526224,0.0527152,0.010634153,0.00040263264,0.0003102351,0.00008576656,0.000056104745,0.00046738854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90497804,5.61564e-7,0.08937048,0.004350356,0.0010610445,0.000029044726,0.00010485185,0.000042446845,0.00006318911],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986258,0.000015772375,0.0003353195,0.00037228336,0.00021121945,0.0004395988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992854,0.000067061665,0.00012035926,0.00021500218,0.000085281274,0.00022689163],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008901268,0.00023942339,0.00030474196,0.000027620863,0.00015864342,0.00012967779,0.00021535251,0.000042144704,0.000101780475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003496295,0.00023936182,0.00018752471,0.00010815802,0.0001024374,0.00015567549,0.00011356446,0.00019783304,0.000063095795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032660877,0.00087536086,0.0065609906,0.00017047272,0.00071186863,0.000070599395,0.0017585973,0.0040579494,0.8874523,0.06429083,0.012286817,0.02143762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012561787,0.002525265,0.0007517423,0.00009716055,0.0010319804,0.000009365714,0.0023066697,0.60119605,0.3486621,0.0023336974,0.025410498,0.0031136726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024955394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.3235346e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5971381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025329939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022716904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9760892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3013573563","doi":"10.1109/tap.2020.2981732","title":"Physical Layer Secure Communication Using Orbital Angular Momentum Transmitter and a Single-Antenna Receiver","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Transmitter; Computer science; Antenna (radio); Radio receiver design; Physical layer; Bandwidth (computing); Electronic engineering; Angular momentum; Communications system; Wireless; Channel (broadcasting); Electrical engineering; Telecommunications; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.025977999858462508,"score_gpt":0.2418183018732684,"score_spread":0.2158403020148059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3013573563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73364085,0.00006317526,0.26442513,0.001284533,0.000057341673,0.00027058198,0.00004760132,0.00003805061,0.00017273762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987052,0.000016459106,0.0008578298,0.00017783516,0.00009638425,0.000017272901,0.000018097135,0.000027774966,0.00008312882],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911845,0.00006765467,0.00019625471,0.00028042443,0.00015741377,0.00017979668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956256,0.00002929229,0.00007504324,0.00014883223,0.000065569104,0.000118686745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059471407,0.00019383889,0.00018992592,0.000052369018,0.00023743637,0.00010106927,0.0000705035,0.000047422207,0.00007296195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010603931,0.00017863556,0.00007905077,0.00016770855,0.000113156755,0.00032485178,0.0000034073876,0.00024881528,0.000010189225],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004038615,0.0012955124,0.00084490224,0.00019723532,0.00038536912,0.000012276349,0.015879,0.00066534703,0.9370651,0.0025085092,0.00008350146,0.04065938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003919069,0.0015373045,0.00077668007,0.0003603131,0.00064223964,0.000039251532,0.0054444023,0.73140365,0.24896896,0.004591062,0.0009000869,0.0014169823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000045869452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000282099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7307383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020433978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013934203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72845465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014854096","doi":"10.3390/fib8040022","title":"Transmission of Orbital Angular Momentum and Cylindrical Vector Beams in a Large-Bandwidth Annular Core Photonic Crystal Fiber","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fibers","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Photonic-crystal fiber; Broadband; Angular momentum; Optical vortex; Physics; Bandwidth (computing); Optical fiber; Beam (structure); Telecommunications; Engineering","score_opus":0.009869084005995319,"score_gpt":0.22500805773756113,"score_spread":0.21513897373156582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014854096","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99645644,0.00028542028,0.0006617119,0.00036961783,0.0000507971,0.00030242087,0.00015974118,0.00002265054,0.0016911798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983553,0.0000036577937,0.0011045568,0.00004380659,0.000084676096,0.000013413607,0.000095979,0.000029491743,0.00026906974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876374,0.000027793225,0.00031821837,0.000319753,0.00023711177,0.00033340883],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950624,0.000030470059,0.00008586194,0.00014783881,0.000028764332,0.00020083631],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008287698,0.00020050813,0.0003199226,0.00005374758,0.000044929708,0.000022546095,0.0001287145,0.00006858897,0.0009598796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005851868,0.00018992054,0.00011985017,0.00024356304,0.00007362934,0.00011877713,0.00007905548,0.00022077948,0.000018384377],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028781812,0.007199305,0.38481987,0.0025390144,0.0019403502,0.00088137254,0.081475735,0.0029074252,0.44096896,0.026134426,0.012583539,0.035671808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.05419607,0.009614931,0.11718051,0.001851424,0.0011906907,0.000068921174,0.021818865,0.15285702,0.37111554,0.01865517,0.24328563,0.008165233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004696182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.5122483e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26763937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026562931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046226083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015133210","doi":"10.1364/osac.391878","title":"Direct comparison of anti-diffracting optical pin beams and abruptly autofocusing beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Continuum","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Mitacs; State Scholarships Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Ministère de l'Économie, de la Science et de l'Innovation - Québec","keywords":"Bessel function; Optics; Physics; Scattering; Bessel beam; Main lobe; Optical tweezers; Morphing; Amplitude; Robustness (evolution); Computer science","score_opus":0.015889426823483873,"score_gpt":0.26486665871235904,"score_spread":0.24897723188887516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3015133210","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9733715,0.0001692453,0.0031777264,0.0005912306,0.00014554911,0.00014993605,0.000021368705,0.00004747455,0.022325946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955518,0.0000013301409,0.0038504337,0.00005072558,0.00031814075,0.0000037357613,0.000018504823,0.000025734458,0.00017958549],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885684,0.000031164134,0.00036353627,0.0002804865,0.00018272696,0.00028524603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993433,0.00011552981,0.0001903343,0.00015347899,0.000053157593,0.0001442312],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010973963,0.00017912175,0.00044313545,0.000027600447,0.000089783985,0.00007957925,0.00012589403,0.000046887508,0.00011134463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036230744,0.00017693927,0.00009551185,0.00013109428,0.000102827646,0.0001426902,0.00016505933,0.00021224552,0.000022045615],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060308597,0.0006347565,0.4246999,0.00017957746,0.0003546271,0.000014438647,0.0051516006,0.00008632608,0.50154114,0.009675399,0.0021983471,0.05540356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018400531,0.00040735235,0.029747438,0.00020208422,0.00024879794,0.000002715345,0.0037503075,0.004777142,0.9393293,0.0005246451,0.018306479,0.00086365175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006108505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016358377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4377882,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010118928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023789775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7215374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016511677","doi":"10.1364/oe.390518","title":"Performance of real-time adaptive optics compensation in a turbulent channel with high-dimensional spatial-mode encoding","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Wavefront; Adaptive optics; Turbulence; Optics; Quantum key distribution; Free-space optical communication; Channel (broadcasting); Optical communication; Computer science; Photon; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.012788980753798838,"score_gpt":0.21466828177092764,"score_spread":0.2018793010171288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3016511677","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99359643,0.0000063024436,0.0024991473,0.00017627644,0.000049034523,0.00027925888,0.00005417224,0.000021379063,0.0033180097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98382574,0.0000063560537,0.015776463,0.000024511806,0.0001560768,0.000020909127,0.0000829628,0.000030129304,0.000076842334],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998792,0.00003110528,0.00032114077,0.00026892117,0.0003302642,0.00025658598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931896,0.000055523906,0.00019659621,0.00019243301,0.00013213987,0.00010435699],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000071757626,0.00020429397,0.00030326634,0.00005465636,0.000053007436,0.000022687458,0.00016839999,0.00004433912,0.00007451769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000040400932,0.00019052745,0.000045960805,0.00015222111,0.00007723869,0.00015863706,0.00011581756,0.00016969163,0.000021774506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00095168775,0.0009275301,0.008167234,0.00021317299,0.00025983795,0.000037578186,0.0067117484,0.79734427,0.15272778,0.031801246,0.00013622236,0.00072168594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011479809,0.0006112773,0.0010448302,0.00019553136,0.000043203876,0.0000014132389,0.00031882964,0.93035173,0.065648735,0.00029953278,0.000008461364,0.00032849394],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023754477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002089907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13300744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036065772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057000114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7769484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016807647","doi":"10.1088/1361-6455/ab8946","title":"Simulating gravity-assisted loading of laser-cooled atoms into a hollow-core photonic-bandgap fiber","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Industry Canada","keywords":"Physics; Photonic bandgap; Core (optical fiber); Photonics; Laser; Fiber; Optoelectronics; Optics; Photonic crystal; Composite material; Materials science","score_opus":0.013231198754670825,"score_gpt":0.2522284724900894,"score_spread":0.23899727373541857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3016807647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95528907,0.000105686726,0.043086015,0.00012475642,0.0000998985,0.00017710219,0.000019990273,0.000014336332,0.0010831446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920058,0.000003521386,0.0072212317,0.00015193484,0.00051874656,0.000002868759,0.000015006045,0.00005958811,0.00002128583],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99796176,0.000057365498,0.0007892043,0.00030614517,0.00052524166,0.00036028924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998295,0.00013742362,0.00065448997,0.00024877148,0.00030081926,0.00036351514],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017051944,0.0003617636,0.0008064016,0.00003729301,0.00010557246,0.00008291189,0.00029929122,0.00008004289,0.00003748382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003537345,0.00033590922,0.00055448967,0.00037855777,0.00019415685,0.0002761147,0.00020543326,0.0005895363,0.000015024548],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055057567,0.0016075303,0.008602104,0.00063417334,0.0021341708,0.00017870757,0.003963972,0.009865741,0.7103325,0.19284618,0.00021017581,0.069074124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045187427,0.00066306425,0.00028023758,0.00034425652,0.000857128,0.000012470117,0.00065419194,0.040370222,0.79357016,0.15755112,0.0003000958,0.00087830855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015612903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.583498e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08323762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004985534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013356062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3020886131","doi":"10.1364/oe.389170","title":"Optomechanical detection of light with orbital angular momentum","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Photon; Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Detector","score_opus":0.007503157881566138,"score_gpt":0.2103470250436331,"score_spread":0.20284386716206695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3020886131","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89581686,0.000044171516,0.09484401,0.00033060857,0.00013969946,0.0002622036,0.000047200654,0.00005481408,0.0084604025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99539113,9.460829e-7,0.004095631,0.000022025639,0.0002534026,0.00001926527,0.000015488358,0.000032956963,0.00016917211],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989876,0.000020191894,0.00024200862,0.00024800072,0.00027387886,0.00022832115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993831,0.000019980364,0.00012430306,0.00023303893,0.00008655371,0.0001530365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004578023,0.00016991171,0.00022853597,0.000031227566,0.000050501727,0.000037968995,0.0001952522,0.000043521562,0.00013740794],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059229083,0.00014847507,0.000082901606,0.00018413166,0.000046392528,0.00013472412,0.0001244597,0.00015676288,0.00003051451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015511822,0.00039176823,0.0010292474,0.000090539106,0.00024775087,0.000022069915,0.0010749196,0.00047319874,0.9467211,0.048624575,0.00015575539,0.0010139802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007961546,0.0005769906,0.00004032805,0.000032196353,0.00007379243,0.0000026045732,0.000786477,0.0044782385,0.98986375,0.0013681212,0.0016841136,0.00029721373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010175508,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0210301e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09957422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013284011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020765347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60546374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3028740744","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202000565","title":"Angular Trapping of Spherical Janus Particles","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small Methods","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Trapping; Optical tweezers; Janus particles; Janus; Tweezers; Laser; Polarization (electrochemistry); Angular momentum; Particle (ecology); Rotation (mathematics); Materials science; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics; Chemistry; Classical mechanics; Computer science","score_opus":0.05838263792664697,"score_gpt":0.3260624804641586,"score_spread":0.26767984253751165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3028740744","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3809865,0.00014659279,0.61142546,0.00060464325,0.00008485561,0.00010297193,0.0000072396547,0.000030849853,0.0066108922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5437389,5.430956e-7,0.45596218,0.00008110876,0.00015840972,0.000005174757,0.0000021833566,0.000011494608,0.000040013936],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920833,0.0001456441,0.00021594395,0.00016445792,0.000083681254,0.00018196282],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995457,0.00009092207,0.000075853946,0.00014293267,0.000029960567,0.0001146118],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020660314,0.000100676545,0.00020625124,0.0000102324675,0.000027458827,0.000014699815,0.00013867006,0.000024274314,0.00038044775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033777287,0.000094347415,0.00011976353,0.00017860175,0.000056067856,0.000037947026,0.00007228586,0.00010251145,0.000017515478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004119934,0.00025799492,0.03994318,0.00009806974,0.0002561528,0.0000079961565,0.0028120896,0.00037838984,0.5467872,0.048742242,0.00025827563,0.3604172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058614695,0.00022496695,0.0028264208,0.000021401365,0.000096935735,7.5820833e-7,0.0016003115,0.009349955,0.9477659,0.020237196,0.016955776,0.0003342324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023908215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.0518122e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40097868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005220694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020654026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41656363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3028742321","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-6178-0_100987-1","title":"Laser Tweezers Using Nanoapertures in Metal Films","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Tweezers; Materials science; Optical tweezers; Laser; Optics; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.03545090384749207,"score_gpt":0.25876993232757084,"score_spread":0.22331902848007879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3028742321","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021547517,0.000203779,0.00013500635,0.000025306474,0.0003031946,0.00017267856,0.00006622136,0.00002410199,0.996915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.042631112,0.0000016790276,0.002397592,0.00006625244,0.0002834513,0.000004587097,0.00013943782,0.00008402112,0.95439184],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896497,0.000007511982,0.00025862746,0.00028249616,0.00025232197,0.00023407322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994697,0.000023171293,0.00010185603,0.00025413278,0.00005553159,0.000095604984],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008036439,0.00031951471,0.00035328566,0.000112645335,0.000027392907,0.000038681374,0.00016300684,0.00013358086,0.0079819765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000018717363,0.00027893757,0.0001740357,0.000023885446,0.000060197126,0.00008796501,0.00013831281,0.00029206902,0.00030016282],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013785427,0.00014956968,0.0006994004,0.000039681254,0.00065762724,0.00006474679,0.0002399877,0.0006123631,0.00046368781,0.96664566,0.022306195,0.008107296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017389097,0.00016145813,0.000023218176,0.00034559844,0.00044789116,0.000006031556,0.00056940026,0.0039878683,0.0020528103,0.24830018,0.7397969,0.0025697793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018990006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000134519005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71834546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058255486,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009663764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3033944616","doi":"10.1103/physreva.101.063812","title":"Optical deformation of homogeneous and core-shell spherical particles","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Deformation (meteorology); Physics; Bessel function; Optics; Optical tweezers; Gaussian beam; Concentric; Beam (structure); Stress (linguistics); Spherical shell; Bessel beam; Particle (ecology); SPHERES; Shell (structure); Classical mechanics; Geometry; Materials science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.020600260718740483,"score_gpt":0.3198538439708508,"score_spread":0.2992535832521103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3033944616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95700145,0.03148942,0.0033758208,0.002844544,0.00005395874,0.0013567228,0.000063234744,0.00007410849,0.0037407367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98742616,0.009382749,0.0009227908,0.0015454006,0.00052858284,0.00009643013,0.000045771274,0.00004076122,0.000011357741],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99773204,0.0000840111,0.00070962124,0.0004827085,0.0005519207,0.0004397074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843496,0.00019740201,0.00032098257,0.00041278475,0.00014297142,0.0004908916],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015647961,0.00040197757,0.0013243533,0.000011774433,0.00006837562,0.00002960643,0.0003126469,0.000024706207,0.00011843595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017050766,0.00031284444,0.0005570988,0.0004866307,0.00025713595,0.00022185069,0.0002760077,0.0003358243,0.00037944806],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013547752,0.0059060026,0.012308763,0.03772658,0.00071647484,0.00003485103,0.0010710193,0.000076214914,0.22366652,0.3637386,0.008562679,0.34605682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004452748,0.005899108,0.0065026027,0.034094002,0.008410393,0.00004632311,0.00041481596,0.13401122,0.37487978,0.30960083,0.11550184,0.006186341],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010636868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2120926e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33987048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024281375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004995195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993235},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034654948","doi":"10.1364/ao.391731","title":"Design optimization of orbital angular momentum fibers using the gray wolf optimizer","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Angular momentum; Optical fiber; Optics; Refractive index; Computer science; Transmission (telecommunications); Optical communication; Physics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.02077365278372029,"score_gpt":0.224961198188927,"score_spread":0.2041875454052067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3034654948","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.046582848,0.000043965032,0.94661415,0.00031413947,0.00012621291,0.0006326626,0.000026495298,0.000045833003,0.0056136968],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7621404,0.0000030301549,0.23737586,0.000110493034,0.00020585966,0.000021213838,0.0000395024,0.000048154303,0.000055515775],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998698,0.000035808775,0.00038574886,0.00027014865,0.00030376506,0.00030651694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991809,0.000078652774,0.00023159888,0.00031442195,0.00007982767,0.000114586386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015004404,0.00023941674,0.0002753976,0.000035401466,0.00013675493,0.00006584904,0.000314191,0.0000584338,0.00023899353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073026267,0.00019260033,0.00010689242,0.00034122344,0.00014433576,0.00009854587,0.00015946012,0.00018776537,0.000017459612],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039262064,0.000085246735,0.0000956602,0.000017339913,0.00013911765,0.0000019295012,0.0009606467,0.9703399,0.006780397,0.021100484,0.00026025134,0.00017977288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011086283,0.00013167059,0.000007980212,0.000017388016,0.0002679131,0.0000017031391,0.0029405672,0.94437385,0.04778229,0.002682323,0.00020283631,0.0004828804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011324347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.5951743e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7155575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028449258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005990793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78540134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034690396","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.59.6.067101","title":"Cylindrical vector beam generation based on arc-induced long-period gratings in few-mode fiber","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optical fiber; Multiplexing; Polarizer; Materials science; Physics; Optoelectronics; Telecommunications; Computer science; Birefringence","score_opus":0.01224464700743202,"score_gpt":0.22216617750032172,"score_spread":0.2099215304928897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3034690396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96747637,0.000004386862,0.029093942,0.0010015598,0.00013078078,0.00017630105,0.000009122222,0.000065508524,0.0020420365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928627,6.2507695e-8,0.0063228714,0.00010919698,0.00056048663,0.000030195873,0.00004444254,0.00003527872,0.000034781708],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902624,0.0000075914677,0.00022006637,0.00026613398,0.00019745123,0.00028252325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960274,0.000045224093,0.000023204902,0.00013658669,0.00002036022,0.00017190128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045450844,0.00018349648,0.00018645145,0.000043994107,0.000030823754,0.000067650464,0.0001008661,0.000057444824,0.00021570861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004553358,0.00018571563,0.00007810758,0.00018590817,0.000011195393,0.00007810649,0.000037742924,0.00031833502,0.000110194764],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044049506,0.00040260787,0.0016161087,0.00006439512,0.000044794786,0.00005418906,0.00033685923,0.7735853,0.19594602,0.02360287,0.00011053956,0.0041922377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045791484,0.00017360576,0.001067457,0.00002642683,0.000010191828,4.2133183e-7,0.000011858683,0.95896876,0.038863756,0.000012773135,0.00016257263,0.00024428187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011234868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.387726e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18538342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051277395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026661555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75732636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036235017","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.14.024017","title":"Technique for Rapid Mass Determination of Airborne Microparticles Based on Release and Recapture from an Optical Dipole Force Trap","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Applied","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; York University; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Trapping; Displacement (psychology); Trap (plumbing); Position (finance); Dipole; Particle (ecology)","score_opus":0.012799683560630664,"score_gpt":0.26968582208248093,"score_spread":0.25688613852185027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3036235017","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41974026,0.0017643712,0.5628024,0.0051292945,0.000044667686,0.0060148654,0.00063758437,0.00012250987,0.0037440853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829741,0.00003197413,0.015710603,0.00064287806,0.00017979003,0.0003231048,0.000110302884,0.000024404135,0.0000028528116],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991802,0.000028713852,0.0002223781,0.00028849504,0.00013037812,0.00014983965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993742,0.00014373354,0.00010439442,0.00020021452,0.000033547516,0.00014388112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007473397,0.00016214338,0.00035804635,0.000010920082,0.000032790394,0.000015323065,0.00011351237,0.000024578687,0.000033767257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017635963,0.00013870704,0.000114389084,0.0000952899,0.00006316348,0.00004912303,0.000023282071,0.0001120857,0.000007961839],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014589785,0.0004958232,0.000049198392,0.0007654344,0.000022543554,5.8997966e-7,0.00005900418,0.000017878212,0.838545,0.038848113,0.00014297603,0.12090749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007745398,0.00049476983,0.00013150551,0.0003423797,0.00021596506,4.7491454e-8,0.00004326979,0.026591342,0.94742,0.022660533,0.0010415489,0.00028408252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003179509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.694737e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56323385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008666224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016799317,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5656309},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036427775","doi":"10.1080/23746149.2020.1778526","title":"Nonlinear optical response and self-trapping of light in biological suspensions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advances in Physics X","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université TÉLUQ; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Light scattering; Nonlinear system; Nanotechnology; Optical tweezers; Nonlinear optics; Plasmon; Dielectric; Optical phenomena; Soft matter; Nonlinear optical; Materials science; Scattering; Dynamic light scattering; Optoelectronics; Colloid; Optics; Physics; Chemistry; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.012770383432492368,"score_gpt":0.26384475722844647,"score_spread":0.2510743737959541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3036427775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995619,0.00026777852,0.00085960707,0.00055867503,0.000041764346,0.000121840334,0.000009117688,0.000014297603,0.0025079465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992953,0.000055006447,0.0067860675,0.0000480457,0.00013352907,0.000006514497,0.000005603922,0.000008216315,0.000004022766],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993004,0.000046172543,0.0002090951,0.00019823751,0.00007971069,0.00016634296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995977,0.00017925992,0.00005020267,0.00009683659,0.000019664038,0.000056317367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008638721,0.00010293648,0.00020472295,0.000022547394,0.000018311217,0.0000075305556,0.00009165127,0.000026096988,0.00001201675],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023871396,0.00009291572,0.00003744875,0.0002423287,0.000069962516,0.00015789966,0.00010719276,0.00016008387,0.000005439979],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000985001,0.003156858,0.44105622,0.00013899743,0.000091563525,0.00007406755,0.0057941214,0.0024632274,0.13769653,0.36615005,0.000048702626,0.04234464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0099630505,0.0036406058,0.058176413,0.0007137814,0.00010342994,0.000005864435,0.007936737,0.052524865,0.4805642,0.32459465,0.058950868,0.0028255314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027669996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011925465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38287982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001010862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020415258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3788993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036685447","doi":"10.1364/oe.395054","title":"Theoretical analysis on spatially structured beam induced mass transport in azo-polymer films","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Optics; Optical vortex; Beam (structure); Physics; Optical force; Light beam; Radiation; Transverse plane; Materials science; Optical tweezers","score_opus":0.008785069299004505,"score_gpt":0.22541088568142675,"score_spread":0.21662581638242226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3036685447","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9776318,0.000011794838,0.0058997083,0.0003504671,0.000114486014,0.0002118198,0.00016030124,0.000034228447,0.015585411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971677,9.828036e-7,0.0021546788,0.00018487775,0.00019007575,0.000021294054,0.00015990873,0.000035750567,0.00008474478],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985023,0.000037985516,0.00035485724,0.0004108352,0.00034343483,0.0003505829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992704,0.000055797816,0.000086271524,0.00034749776,0.00003885762,0.00020119984],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006822883,0.00025940812,0.0003949236,0.00010557161,0.000047690766,0.00005076859,0.00032373835,0.000093763396,0.0021834357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000077027535,0.00024324885,0.0002216762,0.0004858504,0.00009037446,0.000075827265,0.000048415663,0.00034738114,0.00003021687],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025407728,0.00049962214,0.06493087,0.000042496744,0.0012394262,0.000075313124,0.0036059942,0.024576547,0.18656567,0.716964,0.0000771389,0.0011688677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033609704,0.0007639064,0.014148016,0.00006995733,0.0014241284,5.7825406e-7,0.00165435,0.07611252,0.8784494,0.021956535,0.00020817012,0.0018515008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003929667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026842224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69500744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015444646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035495974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3044886674","doi":"10.1364/oe.397119","title":"Designing the phase and amplitude of scalar optical fields in three dimensions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Amplitude; Physics; Helmholtz equation; Scalar field; Optics; Scalar (mathematics); Field (mathematics); Optical field; Refractive index; Phase (matter); Helmholtz free energy; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Electromagnetic field; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Boundary value problem","score_opus":0.022663844059979985,"score_gpt":0.26404878750557387,"score_spread":0.24138494344559389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3044886674","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9232966,0.00009197539,0.073002,0.00075940246,0.000039545546,0.00017494764,0.000018421773,0.000009270718,0.0026078455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864936,0.000003496522,0.013315057,0.00006984897,0.00007556411,0.00001145087,0.0000048429283,0.000011035682,0.000015109553],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993551,0.000019478957,0.00019046351,0.00015051082,0.000120567696,0.0001639152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999534,0.00014325586,0.00004529721,0.0001684498,0.000027232307,0.000081739796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008169619,0.000098321936,0.00015180845,0.000015656688,0.00005003239,0.00003409944,0.00014480579,0.00003251362,0.000042445463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019833546,0.000075390744,0.00004049285,0.00008639701,0.000101487785,0.000057840705,0.00017441719,0.00017687968,0.0000037641164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016852665,0.0013518685,0.04440792,0.0001424104,0.00024710846,0.000038467988,0.008393899,0.005499197,0.24891362,0.681193,0.00045425512,0.009189709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013542718,0.0020646139,0.0067809667,0.00053153606,0.0005184773,0.0000090730555,0.010423407,0.23525617,0.5866864,0.13864683,0.0034248799,0.0021149514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016429272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013611104,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5425462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000037598738,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014357411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30743456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3045530696","doi":"10.1088/2040-8986/abaa64","title":"Extending the photobleaching lifetime in the presence of an optical tweezers by wavefront engineering","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science","keywords":"Optics; Wavefront; Photobleaching; Optical tweezers; Physics; Fluorescence","score_opus":0.008813389978743823,"score_gpt":0.22975797924921912,"score_spread":0.2209445892704753,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3045530696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98340887,0.00018806,0.01363528,0.0015959928,0.00013297837,0.000116471696,0.0000084423755,0.0000037037996,0.00091022154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99266577,0.000008288543,0.0069159116,0.00007326215,0.00031028406,0.0000012604928,0.0000014007868,0.000013065278,0.000010772883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895334,0.000061006096,0.00040088056,0.00007679231,0.00033179496,0.00017619543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992762,0.00024272646,0.0002092926,0.0001391364,0.000046926274,0.00008570374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061822403,0.0001052701,0.000184826,0.000028528113,0.000041152874,0.00006414792,0.00047316862,0.000023301498,0.00001927007],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008602933,0.00006313412,0.00009699219,0.00012876061,0.000045188157,0.00019699139,0.00006327176,0.0004913809,0.0000015582445],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038381378,0.002615328,0.027059738,0.0003224981,0.0010986979,0.00031825432,0.058693904,0.37354577,0.37757987,0.12112566,0.0046618287,0.032594655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002868802,0.002221802,0.005241509,0.00048406955,0.00042066327,0.00012892239,0.029250124,0.8756264,0.071891434,0.0026534025,0.008300723,0.00091214455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000074353293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.3880874e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5020806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017391678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003111829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25745344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048480627","doi":"10.1364/optica.392772","title":"Ultrafast spinning twisted ribbons of confined electric fields","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Optical vortex; Electric field; Ribbon; Polarization (electrochemistry); Spinning; Circular polarization; Ellipse; Structured light; Beam (structure); Optics; Light beam; Orbital angular momentum of light; Topology (electrical circuits); Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Materials science","score_opus":0.011793555502319421,"score_gpt":0.2226174072671758,"score_spread":0.21082385176485638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048480627","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9204358,0.000017937959,0.00809012,0.0016203359,0.0000664815,0.00013049961,0.000018355495,0.00003620108,0.069584265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99823827,6.5650624e-7,0.0011540097,0.000116381554,0.00014824173,0.0000051199563,0.000015952615,0.000012351446,0.00030902817],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993763,0.000011515437,0.00018419277,0.0001396106,0.00010824452,0.00018013443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999631,0.00003709469,0.00006779454,0.00012957823,0.000044463362,0.00009008542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030279894,0.00009717524,0.00016216491,0.000022983748,0.000032941072,0.000018838145,0.00012718902,0.000028585317,0.00069554773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016343518,0.000095896125,0.00007749488,0.00021645433,0.000030525964,0.000037934587,0.00003694074,0.00011271482,0.000054797718],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009635766,0.00070586964,0.06179006,0.0001911372,0.0004978519,0.000025084406,0.003284205,0.00071845675,0.39726835,0.52205443,0.003848183,0.00952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029781866,0.0013339608,0.011300463,0.00010310397,0.00031471325,0.0000043783707,0.0016604713,0.029069865,0.9244743,0.0036918984,0.023901444,0.001167224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000313226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6574513e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52720594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000053269073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032938402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.761576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3049446215","doi":"10.1364/josaa.400805","title":"Clarifications on the Gouy phase of radially polarized laser beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Diffraction; Optics; Phase (matter); Electric field; Focus (optics); Physics; Beam (structure); Optical axis; Wave vector; Field (mathematics); Laser beams; Laser; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.018750087567283462,"score_gpt":0.2601917147718994,"score_spread":0.24144162720461593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3049446215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7620278,0.00011318793,0.038966097,0.19295679,0.00029081636,0.00045230036,0.00015224302,0.000010336527,0.005030409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98515964,0.000009907361,0.013061952,0.0014267929,0.00025313464,0.0000014177818,0.0000016405846,0.000011314603,0.00007417716],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989659,0.000059369595,0.0004195382,0.00007606173,0.00034760273,0.0001315357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987948,0.0002361012,0.0005406061,0.00020148841,0.00012533917,0.00010165112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017969884,0.00009840116,0.00026786377,0.000007217782,0.00008493237,0.00001851286,0.0004460895,0.00003315268,0.00020251275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006633921,0.000053511365,0.0007141404,0.00023258851,0.0003731824,0.000053132775,0.00007617038,0.0004269994,0.000006867822],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010365566,0.008939424,0.0036598397,0.00014071581,0.005062703,0.0000033356064,0.020044835,0.0035617314,0.7553602,0.07433098,0.10243267,0.025427014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.024963252,0.01404715,0.009042161,0.0008019985,0.003962514,0.00002822486,0.06337888,0.062051482,0.5709119,0.035465933,0.21330714,0.002039379],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014131321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6348533e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22313184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019132129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009554298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22173725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3068793539","doi":"10.1109/pn50013.2020.9166997","title":"Multiplexing of optical vortices in silicon photonic circuits","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexing; Photonics; Optical vortex; Photonic integrated circuit; Electronic circuit; Silicon photonics; Vortex; Wavelength-division multiplexing; Computer science; Optical performance monitoring; Physics; Optoelectronics; Electronic engineering; Optics; Telecommunications; Engineering","score_opus":0.019798595152841117,"score_gpt":0.24528033000185445,"score_spread":0.22548173484901335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3068793539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9592223,0.000022000671,0.000820316,0.00023891291,0.00003041702,0.000101319696,0.0000054727657,0.000014414984,0.039544825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991397,4.644453e-7,0.00064483384,0.00006726164,0.000056370263,0.000005155853,0.0000048864367,0.000008223755,0.00007305772],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994049,0.000009935612,0.00020464022,0.00013584188,0.00009743092,0.00014726228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997468,0.000042436583,0.00004212121,0.00008589206,0.000017112525,0.000065657725],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000041397216,0.000073691335,0.00013934328,0.000019658997,0.000010627098,0.000011998347,0.00009986659,0.000017738052,0.0005877748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011980493,0.00006858893,0.00005136968,0.00012164262,0.000032913566,0.00007566477,0.00005840155,0.000086425105,0.000041759657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020582966,0.0005437473,0.45119214,0.000116675925,0.00009691949,0.000009424811,0.0027355228,0.0014176941,0.33878645,0.18475817,0.00008517945,0.020237487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002124765,0.00028186679,0.030472402,0.000061971565,0.000036631594,5.0081513e-7,0.0038929537,0.07144741,0.88641787,0.0037076315,0.0010280898,0.0005279268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007218746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038221183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5476314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007421335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019295134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6435722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3076198157","doi":"10.1364/ao.399406","title":"Interference of two intersecting Bessel beams and application to laser Doppler velocimetry","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Laser Doppler velocimetry; Interference (communication); Velocimetry; Physics; Intersection (aeronautics); Doppler effect; Measure (data warehouse)","score_opus":0.009195140848920149,"score_gpt":0.23999734393760982,"score_spread":0.23080220308868968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3076198157","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.739545,0.000010453317,0.24703115,0.0002791039,0.000047049918,0.00029990575,0.000023109413,0.000029665764,0.012734593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98211306,6.975539e-7,0.017439207,0.00019905942,0.00015364459,0.000029503555,0.000019061024,0.000019074008,0.000026715687],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931276,0.0000053126096,0.00021069657,0.00022370486,0.00009852811,0.00014898911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956566,0.00004117154,0.00008513125,0.00015256286,0.000042213185,0.000113238195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054585827,0.000123324,0.00016346043,0.00002884976,0.00003748632,0.000027782286,0.00014407621,0.000023669822,0.00002297207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005173201,0.00012646473,0.000028202896,0.00018091692,0.000043426156,0.000040006616,0.00021714722,0.00012789824,0.000038443966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016786289,0.00047586102,0.025261568,0.00030634136,0.0004071121,0.000001963961,0.015286382,0.00520555,0.27014503,0.5476004,0.0011145868,0.13402738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003783459,0.0007301939,0.0024796794,0.00014289588,0.00034469017,0.000003750602,0.022740662,0.06338692,0.8760875,0.025314407,0.003103676,0.0018821672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002236434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.804079e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6059425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000105856625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001190562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5157082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3080997192","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2020.sm4e.4","title":"Extracting the Gouy Phase of Radially Polarized Laser Beams in the Presence of Diffraction","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Optics; Laser; Phase (matter); Laser beams; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.025052198529732735,"score_gpt":0.2712934045614004,"score_spread":0.24624120603166766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3080997192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992061,0.000032906253,0.0020437033,0.00281925,0.000044619126,0.00025865086,0.000031805783,0.0000062359227,0.0027017824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99948126,0.00003191068,0.00016438209,0.00015454112,0.00009102741,0.0000092902255,0.000015942056,0.000008883396,0.000042745032],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911356,0.00007852521,0.0002536839,0.00015891879,0.00019107378,0.0002042101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992668,0.0002564032,0.00019243418,0.00017983203,0.000055722532,0.000048781974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018835589,0.00012902713,0.00019030164,0.000025184801,0.00007152955,0.000047899965,0.00021709652,0.000035288303,0.000042413227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043754262,0.000083560684,0.000057555873,0.00017048887,0.00011849934,0.00010635675,0.000033486784,0.00031560942,0.0000019323893],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010209932,0.0017918266,0.009314339,0.000158949,0.00024579902,0.00001244125,0.010445039,0.00050781417,0.5829988,0.36084813,0.00042231238,0.03223352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014848944,0.008520364,0.0074437424,0.00046992305,0.0006635278,0.000012420666,0.042685453,0.30137762,0.57078487,0.04779418,0.003714073,0.0016848767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008798677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042026127,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31305397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000074713216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006886211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34075058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3083132694","doi":"10.1364/oe.404309","title":"Fast generation and detection of spatial modes of light using an acousto-optic modulator","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Spatial light modulator; Phase modulation; Spatial frequency; Multiplexing; Light beam; Quantum tomography; Phase (matter); Quantum state; Structured light; Digital micromirror device","score_opus":0.020538981283465575,"score_gpt":0.23109493578942583,"score_spread":0.21055595450596026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3083132694","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8245123,0.000025035064,0.1750908,0.000012745191,0.00005156097,0.00009360938,0.000028510189,0.0000073767064,0.00017807935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884798,0.0000015412678,0.011167381,0.0000043200052,0.00030366718,0.0000031044153,0.0000126168925,0.00001738202,0.000010169437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938357,0.000020425847,0.00020564509,0.00015838326,0.00013172573,0.00010027636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995756,0.000007565872,0.00012870447,0.00013583864,0.00008067188,0.000071626004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034474786,0.000101365404,0.00015821452,0.000027309301,0.000043127267,0.000018494598,0.000068203655,0.000036222915,0.0000139737695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000040874816,0.00010511588,0.00003651636,0.00005260086,0.000039939343,0.00016556075,0.000058832695,0.000060099534,5.858916e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010827751,0.0000730381,0.0004170608,0.00003258531,0.00002476661,3.1128778e-7,0.0005751398,0.030823471,0.9655549,0.0009570788,0.0000010406832,0.0015297588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013728577,0.000080180034,0.000039361985,0.000006780887,0.000026325259,2.4772854e-7,0.00018560594,0.48158893,0.5177706,0.00009804302,0.0000042760676,0.00006237915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007829091,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013611095,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45076546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008174489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014706958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42865014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084096893","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/abb688","title":"Investigation of underwater quantum channels in a 30 meter flume tank using structured photons","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"New Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Physics; Underwater; Quantum key distribution; Quantum information science; Quantum channel; Photon; Quantum cryptography; Polarization (electrochemistry); Underwater acoustic communication; Optics; Quantum; Superposition principle; Quantum mechanics; Quantum information; Quantum entanglement","score_opus":0.0422314955234264,"score_gpt":0.2543260461389735,"score_spread":0.21209455061554713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084096893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97536945,0.000029894616,0.023958627,0.00028536393,0.0001805643,0.00008186189,0.000011082662,0.000003029052,0.00008012474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951224,9.2191533e-7,0.0039639175,0.00009325856,0.00078240107,3.5546387e-7,0.000004331616,0.000018977655,0.000013481087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990601,0.00004104309,0.00041448037,0.000097561955,0.00023282327,0.00015397489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992692,0.000021515727,0.00039591314,0.000086557295,0.00009526439,0.00013153594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069106696,0.00012927479,0.0002960004,0.00004423003,0.000021345997,0.000029678953,0.0001463458,0.00003032564,0.00012222324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005149006,0.000114095936,0.0001373469,0.00021081128,0.000042389976,0.0002529365,0.000044704044,0.00022768213,0.0000041220765],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006355994,0.00007945749,0.017513223,0.00007246198,0.00027338642,0.000012676665,0.008548153,0.015744276,0.944759,0.0095956465,0.0005054079,0.002832757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016162861,0.00028198137,0.000526358,0.00014187173,0.00012388118,0.0000038719168,0.000858912,0.02488952,0.8130897,0.15805738,0.00015713787,0.0002530586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005247491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6414078e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14846173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032709024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013842406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4652697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3085199989","doi":"10.1364/fio.2020.fm1a.6","title":"A Space Compression Optic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Focus (optics); Physics; Beam (structure); Light beam; Physical optics; Compression (physics); Geometrical optics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009079580054696166,"score_gpt":0.22613068649233345,"score_spread":0.21705110643763728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3085199989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82225555,0.00012248915,0.13757718,0.0025928565,0.0017557385,0.00039367957,0.00002589538,0.000078889156,0.035197742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90445703,0.000003138517,0.0948873,0.0001497634,0.00013911603,0.000008901908,0.0000042965435,0.00001415981,0.00033631056],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99846196,0.000020568144,0.00021208767,0.00042232516,0.00043058227,0.00045249375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992877,0.000019400502,0.00007602571,0.0002828952,0.00006603096,0.000267931],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019844559,0.00016192754,0.00020067542,0.00010844521,0.00014789707,0.0001467805,0.00066691916,0.000028291404,0.00006339592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036091104,0.00015536117,0.00005251614,0.0009285005,0.00042361574,0.00040246808,0.00031962845,0.0002294601,0.00005876542],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020177712,0.0018860705,0.6107678,0.00020226608,0.0001281143,0.00020802663,0.013199379,0.047679074,0.026770221,0.23032692,0.048705515,0.019924883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016378333,0.00037103394,0.0029216283,0.000115820316,0.000035347854,0.000002383022,0.005296094,0.9181753,0.04898432,0.014510878,0.006946877,0.0010025261],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001280026,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.38125e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8704962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005685617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013035214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63354445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3085286585","doi":"10.1364/josaa.402378","title":"Toric lens analysis as a focal ring and Bessel beam generator","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Lens (geology); Bessel beam; Gaussian beam; Focal length; Bessel function; Aperture (computer memory); Depth of focus (tectonics); Focus (optics); Beam (structure); Physics; Fourier transform; Laser beams; Laser; Geology","score_opus":0.009421286805148251,"score_gpt":0.2265800863811228,"score_spread":0.21715879957597456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3085286585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97279817,0.00021990214,0.017480806,0.008295424,0.00008250574,0.0000605568,0.00000905645,0.0000044050166,0.0010491929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819714,0.00002858729,0.0169447,0.00060473604,0.00039015934,6.847832e-7,5.235415e-7,0.00000925391,0.000049978087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991148,0.000021710926,0.00031538095,0.000101853984,0.0002953474,0.00015089096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929816,0.000065074004,0.00029002817,0.00010463047,0.000096192714,0.00014591559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009202203,0.0001036698,0.00034704144,0.000013524406,0.00008201,0.000032388092,0.00020196103,0.000028398224,0.000057389927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022553946,0.00006974517,0.0007053943,0.00043080686,0.00017328144,0.00009115548,0.00014851314,0.0002563922,0.0000023941095],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005936342,0.0045465245,0.32153106,0.00053342414,0.056461018,0.000035430035,0.043350924,0.036999382,0.38043624,0.027638877,0.05571083,0.072162665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013576598,0.011447862,0.0941934,0.0005483655,0.03739048,0.0001253756,0.08629752,0.37011904,0.2419368,0.019914296,0.11987215,0.004578123],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023696515,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.971279e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33311963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002336452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004732555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28441253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3085392912","doi":"10.1364/cosi.2020.jf1e.5","title":"Image Signal Transmission Passing Over a Barrier enabled by Optical Accelerating Beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Imaging and Applied Optics Congress","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Transmission (telecommunications); SIGNAL (programming language); Image (mathematics); Bending; Computer science; Optics; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.007603016155897885,"score_gpt":0.2248098375628293,"score_spread":0.2172068214069314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3085392912","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6281284,0.0007139066,0.24693637,0.0038641237,0.0003189852,0.0009319911,0.00019006539,0.000349123,0.11856703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9665616,0.0000051012453,0.03243975,0.0003969857,0.00034779462,0.000022189452,0.000053378044,0.000053576103,0.000119599594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985427,0.00001555189,0.000310172,0.00044155153,0.00025013756,0.0004398643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992927,0.000077018296,0.00009094555,0.00013655802,0.000048008787,0.00035480014],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009997584,0.0002900885,0.0002908887,0.00002750971,0.00027887168,0.0005444405,0.00016265963,0.00004343806,0.0002578262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000047732615,0.00027531484,0.00007445662,0.000112611124,0.00017567398,0.00021360438,0.0001277864,0.00035020817,0.000015237832],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010760379,0.00024122126,0.0039378996,0.0002126148,0.00017723217,0.0000332173,0.0018199407,0.00024842145,0.84869564,0.023099585,0.0053232065,0.1161034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005716163,0.00012474079,0.00020286899,0.00020974435,0.00033520465,0.000009234106,0.004101164,0.52427274,0.43901545,0.004465876,0.019466067,0.0020807402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000068568147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.8883697e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5240243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014041134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035012145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999699},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3086360076","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2020.stu3r.2","title":"Annular core photonic crystal fiber for propagation of optical vortices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Photonic-crystal fiber; Photonic crystal; Microstructured optical fiber; Optics; Optical fiber; Transmission (telecommunications); Multiplexing; Core (optical fiber); Photonics; Optical vortex; Physics; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Plastic optical fiber; Multi-mode optical fiber; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.025427918927132063,"score_gpt":0.25369011159542765,"score_spread":0.2282621926682956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3086360076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986189,0.00003411203,0.0066374615,0.001123154,0.00004175597,0.00044359383,0.00008131709,0.000023151651,0.0054264204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99767274,0.000011166454,0.001718345,0.00009844228,0.00011770858,0.000027677026,0.00006783632,0.000017987211,0.00026808196],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991129,0.000010106492,0.00022352816,0.00024008805,0.00014623693,0.00026713454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994664,0.000050763785,0.000112794994,0.0001211582,0.000115887866,0.00013294927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058318372,0.00016037723,0.00022460226,0.000024518591,0.00006748713,0.000053152653,0.000105411506,0.000049190145,0.00013323103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001676587,0.00014563499,0.000071570335,0.00008677239,0.000103440536,0.00008910868,0.00003448564,0.00013520723,0.000009264675],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046686482,0.00042949987,0.0025428764,0.00033706913,0.00025366416,0.000004367925,0.00081040896,0.0003059426,0.14477195,0.8390577,0.0007011351,0.0103185335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031703333,0.006362042,0.00047635593,0.00015128784,0.00040695933,0.0000026622356,0.0014903236,0.32258546,0.61770326,0.04236716,0.0042567826,0.0010273679],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000039407873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.8521067e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7966905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010265557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008624076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59388226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3089513151","doi":"10.1038/s41467-021-22071-w","title":"High-fidelity spatial mode transmission through a 1-km-long multimode fiber via vectorial time reversal","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Canada Research Chairs; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Multi-mode optical fiber; Modal dispersion; Wavefront; Optics; Physics; Single-mode optical fiber; Computer science; Optical fiber; Dispersion-shifted fiber; Fiber optic sensor","score_opus":0.009542889182156658,"score_gpt":0.2821648399572322,"score_spread":0.2726219507750755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3089513151","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35205588,0.0137336785,0.45629728,0.042697225,0.0068490426,0.0035593768,0.0035752463,0.0011999765,0.1200323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9255785,0.000026946302,0.07107003,0.000104982064,0.00052069617,0.000029938112,0.0016606988,0.000030212714,0.0009780125],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875903,0.00019390868,0.00029521482,0.00027357976,0.00024520195,0.00023306836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99781734,0.00017740788,0.00010172329,0.0015789346,0.00024076055,0.00008384877],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000096438984,0.00019111876,0.00023060868,0.000023918106,0.00034481214,0.000060209066,0.00064314087,0.00021444766,0.0011327163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021673291,0.00019435506,0.00017790725,0.00021425587,0.000089510504,0.00020763859,0.00034784566,0.0010571936,0.00019402271],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005727387,0.013868395,0.01213299,0.00023048256,0.0030415014,0.00005992259,0.010449149,0.0073963325,0.22497663,0.46392855,0.088211,0.17513233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007923679,0.0002171045,0.011160723,0.00041466882,0.0010328874,0.000019953797,0.00038647247,0.11244548,0.121211305,0.13515267,0.60709894,0.0029361432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094461115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012451202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5735226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006985732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013033774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3090025468","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.fth4c.2","title":"Pin-like Optical Vortex Beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Optical vortex; Optics; Vortex; Laser beams; Bessel function; Beam (structure); Fourier transform; Physics; Phase (matter); Amplitude; Diffraction; Laser; Light beam; Bessel beam","score_opus":0.01710146398296727,"score_gpt":0.23136404040690164,"score_spread":0.21426257642393437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3090025468","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8552463,0.000087615124,0.012467081,0.009120731,0.00028945063,0.00039416747,0.000060756167,0.0001318962,0.12220201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965813,0.000036445366,0.0012108438,0.0009824377,0.00032805392,0.000012009077,0.000045687895,0.000028152534,0.0007750751],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869967,0.000019714382,0.00022238238,0.0003780834,0.00021454708,0.00046560762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926794,0.000041920357,0.000065887485,0.00020363141,0.00007472583,0.00034590342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054893,0.00025570352,0.00026876203,0.000030107532,0.0001217912,0.00015199794,0.00018650085,0.00006670998,0.0002992285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009678693,0.00023850905,0.0000821393,0.00013461553,0.00013064589,0.00009870055,0.00008548919,0.00035261892,0.00014955459],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008811446,0.00022429002,0.0015584998,0.000035275832,0.00013712529,0.000018331586,0.00035971135,0.000060141345,0.012475916,0.96972924,0.0019488124,0.013364535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010938545,0.015061785,0.0030799573,0.00038734742,0.001133977,0.000032419008,0.0075879307,0.39401954,0.26392028,0.21489233,0.081862055,0.0070838244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000866832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.095166e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7548369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015920343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000859096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97261167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3090590814","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.fm1c.6","title":"Rapid Generation and Detection of Spatial Modes of Light with an Acousto-Optic Modulator","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"","keywords":"Spatial light modulator; Optical modulator; Bandwidth (computing); Optics; Electro-optic modulator; Multiplex; Physics; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Computer science; Phase modulation; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.01630480657137509,"score_gpt":0.20968039236547995,"score_spread":0.19337558579410485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3090590814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9770442,0.00003480512,0.02203154,0.0001767124,0.000018768114,0.00013648621,0.000018285124,0.0000107306,0.0005284331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99877566,0.000029793493,0.0009888944,0.000025083511,0.00012163634,0.0000059308195,0.000020508623,0.0000142504505,0.000018261737],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993196,0.000022121854,0.00017092224,0.0002090381,0.00013032134,0.00014796213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954677,0.000011038846,0.00011737948,0.00011726649,0.00010170974,0.00010582965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003948845,0.00014220572,0.00020400996,0.000035705543,0.00005486998,0.000034356308,0.000054623313,0.000041765823,0.000019263665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033767176,0.00012213088,0.000023974297,0.00006973003,0.00007675669,0.000117416974,0.000019691939,0.00010546908,6.231427e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018604187,0.00011854169,0.00062239665,0.000052705716,0.00007296663,0.000001000169,0.00041892476,0.0004950845,0.9456432,0.035620235,0.000005159458,0.01676375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050058524,0.0026317462,0.00016543217,0.00001679587,0.000062563246,9.104317e-7,0.00030204514,0.36011758,0.63504034,0.000997431,0.000012707571,0.0001518481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003729599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007463824,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3596225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000070903075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044111857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49803528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3090771483","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.fth4c.7","title":"Experimental Demonstration of Optimal Curved Beams in Micrometer-Scale","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Micrometer; Scale (ratio); Optics; Physics; Simple (philosophy); Computer science","score_opus":0.0170177289595199,"score_gpt":0.23999868451356574,"score_spread":0.22298095555404585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3090771483","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927261,0.000039586823,0.0020644856,0.00037607094,0.000030574774,0.00013693383,0.000023640601,0.000010796776,0.004591829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997953,0.000009565661,0.0018031441,0.000066081106,0.00005483103,0.00000923012,0.000037307324,0.000011677072,0.000055149154],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992153,0.000022350705,0.00021786022,0.00021188245,0.00011064738,0.00022194748],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967575,0.000019588184,0.00007645482,0.00009571344,0.000034008957,0.00009846229],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044189157,0.00014613863,0.00020265605,0.00003872383,0.000035184465,0.000041615414,0.00009543917,0.00004098207,0.00009533584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000021324613,0.00014722144,0.000047110294,0.00011577434,0.0000829534,0.00009077637,0.00003728019,0.00015509271,0.0000074766626],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016910702,0.0005571554,0.014406317,0.000036139725,0.00006042188,0.000004936056,0.0017011988,0.00022297908,0.91409177,0.06500869,0.00012477607,0.0036165058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009324982,0.0012114039,0.00052645756,0.000033269756,0.000020032025,8.418756e-7,0.002175229,0.019795515,0.9742887,0.000688488,0.00006483497,0.00026274976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020835554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012631237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06432021,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000142194585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005015337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60035163},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3091806140","doi":"10.1038/s41467-020-18792-z","title":"Optical framed knots as information carriers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"ENCODE; Topology (electrical circuits); Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Physics; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.010110681187149313,"score_gpt":0.27029208510009173,"score_spread":0.2601814039129424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3091806140","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08954267,0.0011877441,0.006249209,0.10128128,0.0004802309,0.0008445939,0.00024570458,0.00033553728,0.79983306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897882,0.000008794715,0.007947674,0.0017517124,0.00009205686,0.000024019935,0.0003211142,0.00000809263,0.000058348036],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994716,0.000027547932,0.00016381207,0.000072748146,0.00014065263,0.00012360886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989716,0.00007566186,0.00005998057,0.0006607596,0.00010177599,0.0001302496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043697062,0.00008754109,0.000089222005,0.000025660001,0.00016199627,0.00006942922,0.00063409307,0.000099404395,0.00017818461],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007770934,0.00008737531,0.0000633385,0.00021161766,0.000083334024,0.00029593086,0.0003028201,0.0007925525,0.00046826006],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000072916314,0.00006262804,0.0035932688,0.0000064093215,0.00006468581,2.0966769e-7,0.0016510091,0.000033903878,0.00028333013,0.9751056,0.011055173,0.008136504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000507489,0.000069372465,0.002336517,0.0000136689005,0.000059805425,0.00000102956,0.002222888,0.0044668876,0.0019528336,0.008533269,0.97951627,0.0003200006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001409696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017842539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96846104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001935588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005760429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60186917},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3091822147","doi":"10.1364/np.2020.npw2d.5","title":"Demonstration of Vortex Optical Pin Beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Optical vortex; Optics; Vortex; Laser beams; Beam (structure); Amplitude; Fourier transform; Phase (matter); Physics; Laser; Diffraction; Light beam; Mechanics","score_opus":0.007902090750911504,"score_gpt":0.23001730333179735,"score_spread":0.22211521258088585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3091822147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82485837,0.0042797634,0.11389618,0.0028250036,0.0060523553,0.0043136072,0.00097482704,0.00072460045,0.042075276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97536325,0.0002432202,0.021147152,0.0004951944,0.00081874355,0.00020737007,0.0006641483,0.00020925561,0.00085168896],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9947429,0.00017191707,0.0015663948,0.0013653738,0.00081303087,0.001340439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99641144,0.0003971478,0.0008779925,0.0011178827,0.0003862574,0.00080929924],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032114206,0.0010020696,0.0013580241,0.000099877325,0.00029559844,0.00023420637,0.0010684936,0.00035690103,0.0010150623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006305751,0.0010784874,0.000616569,0.000887508,0.00050773175,0.0007263421,0.0005814728,0.0012339527,0.00013764545],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0033542998,0.00433624,0.05486388,0.0010055361,0.0037328512,0.0005132802,0.0026407223,0.5844424,0.043936055,0.20405856,0.020494886,0.07662134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011906027,0.0019430507,0.0013305008,0.0006461185,0.0010614488,0.000049169994,0.00219022,0.8375545,0.06795778,0.0105954865,0.059914395,0.004851298],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004997197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020325591,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25311214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014934578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025154388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092051458","doi":"10.1364/networks.2020.new2b.5","title":"Vectorial Phase Conjugation for High-Fidelity Mode Transmission Through Multimode Fiber","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Multi-mode optical fiber; Bridging (networking); Modal dispersion; Phase conjugation; High fidelity; Optics; Fidelity; Polarization-maintaining optical fiber; Computer science; Materials science; Dispersion-shifted fiber; Optical fiber; Physics; Telecommunications; Fiber optic sensor; Acoustics; Computer network","score_opus":0.01315860405595328,"score_gpt":0.2859497891577417,"score_spread":0.27279118510178846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092051458","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39057857,0.0024051005,0.5794794,0.0023318348,0.00971285,0.0075821704,0.0037133943,0.00089440757,0.0033022608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92933977,0.0002383223,0.062027227,0.0006994767,0.0026271818,0.0008357114,0.0031839544,0.000323309,0.00072502653],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9943681,0.0002211564,0.0015049501,0.0017278567,0.0007201884,0.0014577688],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99634063,0.0005840725,0.00083093677,0.0010361737,0.00049256225,0.0007156396],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003026511,0.0011715099,0.0013903985,0.00006515176,0.0006641678,0.00030445724,0.0009163068,0.0004225051,0.0013485963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006607338,0.0012316086,0.0007177289,0.00057651236,0.00026546794,0.0011101657,0.00029192818,0.001067362,0.00009110798],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.011608312,0.0036928891,0.00081577327,0.00079132244,0.0019318196,0.0000987339,0.0037187005,0.8170244,0.03464999,0.030842273,0.026649997,0.068175755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02009454,0.0008795966,0.000020004745,0.00022074615,0.00045315016,0.0000039751335,0.00027995955,0.8131406,0.03162342,0.012551587,0.118779905,0.0019525159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024095838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020914315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5387612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002620943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002473469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092299474","doi":"10.1364/psc.2020.psm3f.5","title":"How an Acousto-Optic Modulator can be used as a Spatial Light Modulator","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"","keywords":"Spatial light modulator; Electro-optic modulator; Optical modulator; Wavefront; Optics; Pulse-width modulation; Pixel; Refresh rate; Physics; Materials science; Phase modulation; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.00958967519689935,"score_gpt":0.22795249230259934,"score_spread":0.2183628171057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092299474","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96603197,0.0013101476,0.013958113,0.0062107597,0.004973319,0.0033758364,0.0011866123,0.0008382819,0.0021149605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984226,0.00010030198,0.0078097074,0.0014277028,0.0021024328,0.0005093124,0.001121441,0.0005419143,0.002161192],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9919392,0.00031292837,0.0013895015,0.0025673672,0.0013739913,0.0024170126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939265,0.00027613246,0.0010711647,0.0022469643,0.00047868612,0.0020005286],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032120623,0.0018668196,0.001979505,0.00017901341,0.0007861133,0.0010343333,0.0019110224,0.0005643273,0.0011445216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008975194,0.0020051263,0.00083597767,0.0010643826,0.00040572978,0.0013573897,0.0009507917,0.0018411827,0.00012469564],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00413482,0.0051812595,0.02321315,0.0009181355,0.005582365,0.002128769,0.008939834,0.7771124,0.08498836,0.037994567,0.018983634,0.030822683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008582997,0.0014545307,0.0002538646,0.00022971834,0.0006558042,0.000044764267,0.0016767422,0.8881638,0.022924894,0.003040994,0.068857536,0.004114358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035293133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020867969,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11105138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041619685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047230872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99976856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092389263","doi":"10.1364/np.2020.nptu4d.19","title":"Optical Deformation of Homogeneous and Core-shell Spherical Particles","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"SPHERES; Deformation (meteorology); Homogeneous; Dielectric; Shell (structure); Core (optical fiber); Spherical shell; Physics; Stress (linguistics); Classical mechanics; Mechanics; Materials science; Optics; Composite material; Statistical physics; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.010719095686790614,"score_gpt":0.2288143391757141,"score_spread":0.21809524348892348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092389263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9711685,0.0022496511,0.020383293,0.0005293169,0.001062472,0.0012134211,0.00022973894,0.0002021646,0.002961449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97701627,0.000307724,0.021283785,0.00036503753,0.000370808,0.000116735355,0.00024173151,0.00012368929,0.00017419102],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9963231,0.00008176576,0.0011352396,0.00088780676,0.00054424437,0.0010278407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997483,0.0002866622,0.00057881215,0.00069903315,0.00023919942,0.00071326346],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020648098,0.00071072864,0.0010201535,0.000047359048,0.00027024248,0.0001812328,0.0005874302,0.00022496836,0.00053972227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048131686,0.000716967,0.00032444586,0.0005638953,0.00047103676,0.000516727,0.00057034736,0.0007016531,0.000070082184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0040921746,0.0031838613,0.10977308,0.0010715626,0.0023070285,0.0005040329,0.004346609,0.6812223,0.038890723,0.0478435,0.008228951,0.098536186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004971664,0.00096676924,0.0007870549,0.00018562471,0.00040436874,0.000049526217,0.0013314387,0.93314093,0.035278738,0.0047347634,0.016416457,0.0017326617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003647117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001438658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25191864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009658051,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011167352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99952817},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092542798","doi":"10.1364/sof.2020.som3h.7","title":"Annular core photonic crystal fiber for transmission of endlessly mono-radial vortex beams","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Photonic-crystal fiber; Optics; Core (optical fiber); Photonic crystal; Fiber; Beam (structure); Transmission (telecommunications); Materials science; Physics; Optical fiber; Engineering; Telecommunications; Composite material","score_opus":0.011283219349058892,"score_gpt":0.24083879414750062,"score_spread":0.2295555747984417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092542798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8731301,0.009556679,0.088595785,0.0012537682,0.0052490323,0.008972844,0.004413894,0.00071872486,0.008109218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9658645,0.0004345147,0.027549926,0.0004670909,0.0010372066,0.0006879771,0.0016821778,0.0004446667,0.0018319647],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9937094,0.000149787,0.0017544144,0.0017750651,0.00083077233,0.0017805569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99567145,0.00048996316,0.0010900635,0.0012499511,0.00046601004,0.0010325488],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003549346,0.0013531131,0.0018602916,0.00013612398,0.0005062467,0.000213092,0.0013695055,0.0004746511,0.0020031948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004394519,0.0014272871,0.0011479439,0.000833036,0.00044852126,0.0007283942,0.00042470556,0.0011893227,0.000058474234],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.012222893,0.0052200123,0.011975591,0.0027231288,0.0054324805,0.00047206838,0.006807327,0.69016093,0.104621604,0.021479256,0.029997004,0.10888771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013824284,0.001853658,0.00020348668,0.00057523645,0.0009030588,0.00002631387,0.0010558062,0.64519995,0.04646127,0.0053493986,0.2811324,0.003415123],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007732473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012163538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25113538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019536862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035813142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999922},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093363040","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-07089-4","title":"Human psychophysical discrimination of spatially dependant Pancharatnam–Berry phases in optical spin-orbit states","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada; Velux Stiftung","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Angular momentum; Geometric phase; Orbit (dynamics); Optics; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.016131072273196705,"score_gpt":0.3051130726247484,"score_spread":0.2889820003515517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093363040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98589367,0.0000605348,0.0006653285,0.00010048859,0.0059800833,0.0006802909,0.00011758801,0.000033171804,0.0064688753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947595,0.0000012956065,0.0007623439,0.000005360683,0.00023282814,0.00015020059,0.0019548337,0.00004040665,0.0020932022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960194,0.00008217944,0.0012130073,0.0012315753,0.0010220178,0.00043179878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975798,0.000031400643,0.00088689954,0.0012065847,0.00016773581,0.00012758045],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086491473,0.00036197816,0.00057329354,0.0003157077,0.00022388835,0.00027956683,0.00037569023,0.000084215215,0.0015202899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020958523,0.0003649138,0.00032315915,0.0003275561,0.00037009004,0.00015239627,0.001012399,0.00068298477,0.000007892334],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022727785,0.032857254,0.21798863,0.0034778423,0.0015029565,0.004681019,0.019534297,0.097434044,0.42798465,0.109886736,0.018084878,0.066340424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001384747,0.0005244052,0.024741633,0.001183151,0.00044435356,0.00003709792,0.0025152545,0.007068827,0.121186726,0.8288116,0.009477152,0.0026250423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004592372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000044324428,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7189249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012863055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029394715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3098563351","doi":"","title":"High-dimensional quantum cryptography with twisted light","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Civil War Book Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":327,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Defense Sciences Office, DARPA; U.S. Air Force; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Physics; Quantum key distribution; Photon; Eavesdropping; Quantum cryptography; Quantum channel; Polarization (electrochemistry); Orbital angular momentum of light; Optics; Angular momentum; Quantum information; Quantum information science; Encoding (memory); Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Computer science; Quantum entanglement; Total angular momentum quantum number; Computer network","score_opus":0.01097331096150902,"score_gpt":0.22775047919915653,"score_spread":0.2167771682376475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3098563351","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008562547,0.9166761,0.0021294446,0.0057715066,0.0008175423,0.0017006085,0.00007665191,0.00023831027,0.0640273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8261518,0.041223235,0.029037723,0.05434243,0.0062093656,0.0016188349,0.0024119664,0.0010750354,0.037929628],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871385,0.000060190745,0.00030003383,0.00028738024,0.0003532871,0.00028525398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899375,0.00001954428,0.00014918421,0.00043224025,0.00016808312,0.00023719193],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018773465,0.00024566078,0.00041501003,0.000045288984,0.000060782237,0.000021106554,0.0001871064,0.000027741113,0.0013322773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065715035,0.00017792449,0.00015949307,0.00025975262,0.00007063304,0.00015213591,0.00008058712,0.0001587675,0.00062692084],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002368523,0.00040271113,0.0017777309,0.0008606863,0.00030905733,0.000028653438,0.00010174955,0.000016852253,0.00009523188,0.089742,0.90229374,0.004347903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059614895,0.00018164024,0.00008212289,0.0021683981,0.0001841562,0.000007464902,0.000020646425,0.00003320362,0.0002666269,0.0044831014,0.99159545,0.00038102534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022702552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019754123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8754529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024470584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000991457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3098644475","doi":"","title":"Interaction of light carrying orbital angular momentum with a chiral dipolar scatterer","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HZB Repository (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH (HZB))","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Helmholtz Association; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","keywords":"Angular momentum; Dipole; Orbital angular momentum of light; Physics; Angular momentum of light; Angular momentum coupling; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum electrodynamics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0040610526509996,"score_gpt":0.22332015187495155,"score_spread":0.21925909922395195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3098644475","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9760104,0.00024118726,0.00013591754,0.00010969908,0.0046684523,0.00060930883,0.00009525503,0.00013230108,0.017997492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900739,0.0000056836584,0.0005540508,0.000038981423,0.0012449243,0.000079429694,0.0002825615,0.00016472825,0.0075557106],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960788,0.00018473426,0.0011025768,0.0009671794,0.00073875056,0.0009279693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975675,0.00004265636,0.000790915,0.0011361433,0.0001880978,0.00027472136],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023474067,0.00073336513,0.00085848256,0.00025229788,0.0002814181,0.00046756602,0.00057246117,0.00019602665,0.00080059475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049852542,0.00065578136,0.0003381762,0.00031161882,0.00018461516,0.0008240879,0.00040406795,0.0003381692,0.0002047362],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007170694,0.0010492508,0.079260655,0.00040124444,0.0013395095,0.00013837568,0.0015675577,0.0015164886,0.90324575,0.009430479,0.00077091315,0.00056272984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027474593,0.00080038444,0.003823965,0.0005588318,0.00054055406,0.00011002463,0.001416803,0.00036764587,0.9718654,0.0006969458,0.0156893,0.0013826507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007386204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007023223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07543669,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002264779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012646601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3099125412","doi":"","title":"Multiplexing free-space channels using twisted light","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Civil War Book Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Multiplexing; Interferometry; Optics; Physics; Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Free-space optical communication; Free space; Computer science; Optical communication; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number","score_opus":0.018011815839754253,"score_gpt":0.25652994807685114,"score_spread":0.2385181322370969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3099125412","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0031163013,0.8986103,0.024607142,0.012018548,0.001428808,0.0021062302,0.00016108248,0.00026797727,0.057683595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6290256,0.13768917,0.01717772,0.017620109,0.010737937,0.0007086781,0.00018981687,0.00104797,0.18580303],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875796,0.00006111127,0.000328248,0.00030137916,0.00019262821,0.00035865413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894816,0.000050827737,0.00017700714,0.0006212427,0.00007483803,0.00012793625],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018310465,0.00023479569,0.00038382472,0.000035187088,0.000095995194,0.000022405084,0.00030176257,0.000033693435,0.0024931661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036717454,0.00016124963,0.00021715007,0.0001348718,0.00004952573,0.00023068111,0.0002058665,0.00009330673,0.00044072015],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023438111,0.0008147694,0.0043046614,0.008116218,0.0009493342,0.00007124195,0.000900146,0.00003514981,0.068888225,0.061395925,0.717539,0.13696189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043037056,0.000023368282,0.000011075396,0.0076597366,0.00009012901,0.000003513692,0.0000139288695,0.00010032995,0.005047836,0.0014985059,0.9847661,0.0003550933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014330399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011469723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7609211,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060629307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041034556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3101327182","doi":"","title":"Achromatic orbital angular momentum generator","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Optics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Polarization (electrochemistry); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Light beam; Wavelength; Circular polarization; Helicity; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.004358769363761901,"score_gpt":0.202478547684914,"score_spread":0.1981197783211521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3101327182","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8671321,0.000018758208,0.019940762,0.00016778067,0.00025722003,0.00012606896,0.000008521508,0.00007731612,0.11227147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988904,1.295777e-7,0.0038590543,0.000081091195,0.00052089273,0.000019911242,0.000031299336,0.000024080799,0.0065595214],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914634,0.00002912656,0.0001916509,0.0001935374,0.00017359962,0.0002657694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994914,0.000022662374,0.000051239,0.0002963691,0.000030773976,0.00010753727],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000102644684,0.00015004972,0.00015754547,0.000036321788,0.00008089545,0.00007156341,0.00015599483,0.000023816263,0.0027224072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004665115,0.00012807251,0.00008932041,0.00009741193,0.00003738523,0.000120641984,0.00008422706,0.000074949596,0.00081553136],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061655705,0.0005916875,0.024171138,0.000047291214,0.00024518417,0.000005894954,0.00034844215,0.00012557411,0.037856515,0.9054714,0.02115372,0.009977018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0062957364,0.0012990979,0.010988483,0.000119236305,0.00040871892,0.00002387618,0.0031629386,0.11091675,0.40046588,0.28204706,0.17993604,0.0043361946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003848553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.572726e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6234243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017423956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001468179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3103802645","doi":"","title":"Compressed sensing of twisted photons","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Environment; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning; Canada Research Chairs; Grantová Agentura České Republiky; European Commission","keywords":"Photon; Physics; Photonics; Optics; Quantum imaging; Quantum; Quantum channel; Angular momentum; Quantum optics; Photon entanglement; Quantum state; Photon counting; Quantum technology; Quantum metrology; Quantum entanglement; Quantum sensor; Quantum network; Quantum mechanics; Open quantum system","score_opus":0.004947798405037952,"score_gpt":0.2010898527151723,"score_spread":0.19614205431013434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3103802645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94093376,0.000064844055,0.0012079747,0.00010295583,0.0004937546,0.0003257408,0.00016038973,0.00005954836,0.056651033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99256533,0.000001538503,0.0034985999,0.0000935424,0.00021330963,0.0000028926165,0.00013866818,0.000033928187,0.0034521904],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988905,0.000025604444,0.00026348312,0.00025754934,0.0002429551,0.00031990328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992256,0.00008170176,0.00016478049,0.0003763094,0.00007884296,0.00007272048],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008124596,0.00020136646,0.0003309337,0.00002390222,0.00006610085,0.000036376256,0.00017730989,0.0000822118,0.0007497415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000232645,0.0001978448,0.00029999553,0.00019539395,0.000072548275,0.00008828657,0.000101347985,0.00023710023,0.00017078794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009625651,0.0010662538,0.2638256,0.0007380326,0.0018861223,0.000015103203,0.008521246,0.0017710263,0.6068253,0.041226555,0.070338294,0.0036902423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01447005,0.0009053403,0.025275262,0.0011383586,0.00081876613,0.000025176576,0.020294199,0.06967685,0.5105938,0.026669461,0.32546443,0.0046683205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007268422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016791773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25512615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028013075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004828371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8209143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3104258900","doi":"10.1364/oe.25.002569","title":"Vectorial control of nonlinear emission via chiral butterfly nanoantennas: generation of pure high order nonlinear vortex beams","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Optics; Vortex; Nonlinear system; Nonlinear optics; Physics; Light beam; Optical vortex; Beam (structure); Laser; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.01036892979304415,"score_gpt":0.2411304243850864,"score_spread":0.23076149459204223,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3104258900","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95004195,0.000045130953,0.045998603,0.00015060659,0.0018039915,0.00036394806,0.00048302108,0.0000159126,0.0010968372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9762842,0.000006863212,0.01995933,0.000013795267,0.002760949,0.000013536982,0.00018681516,0.000040506406,0.0007339929],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985686,0.000034214485,0.0004914445,0.00028051296,0.0003524509,0.0002727572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981261,0.000031522144,0.0005858479,0.00077006826,0.00038966024,0.00009683222],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013560355,0.00023799001,0.00041768354,0.00004473521,0.0001992227,0.000079759586,0.00045817258,0.00011283975,0.000100276244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034729528,0.00021578136,0.00014436623,0.000050342514,0.00017383424,0.00022697859,0.00016233712,0.00017972576,0.000008676239],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016292727,0.0006915247,0.0036799028,0.000076019474,0.00022968283,0.0000040917507,0.00036358947,0.001041909,0.98686266,0.0044832816,0.00022299236,0.0021814092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042362125,0.0005554221,0.0003860877,0.0001552788,0.00021213504,0.0000013595685,0.00013470427,0.15220757,0.8379342,0.0019796642,0.0016654659,0.0005319216],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011486025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002008636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15116566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015297515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006382327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8799308},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3106147584","doi":"","title":"Squeezed states and Hermite polynomials in a complex variable","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hermite polynomials; Mathematics; Coherent states; Pure mathematics; Invariant (physics); Realization (probability); Orthogonal polynomials; Variable (mathematics); Mathematical physics; Algebra over a field; Quantum mechanics; Quantum; Physics; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.00617739834067928,"score_gpt":0.2178265623174325,"score_spread":0.2116491639767532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3106147584","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8713548,0.000010634333,0.0048327753,0.00020362741,0.000039375875,0.00011662425,0.00001353891,0.00002164253,0.12340696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921118,8.7303755e-7,0.0050454843,0.00012856591,0.000082597464,0.0000076070846,0.000027864638,0.00000907373,0.002586159],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995139,0.000026559319,0.00012812427,0.00012213938,0.000049480135,0.00015978946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.000050745944,0.000026737811,0.00010329153,0.000011800105,0.00004554412],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001135883,0.00007867132,0.00012843598,0.000029740891,0.000027199327,0.00004571749,0.000052188505,0.000014273452,0.0010474777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000028041545,0.000069179085,0.00001605072,0.00006247492,0.000027644679,0.000065495355,0.000056435507,0.000048268146,0.000034235316],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003007658,0.00032160807,0.24001451,0.0000375733,0.00006578045,0.0000012639867,0.0005191367,0.00034869573,0.018324742,0.7195804,0.005782959,0.014973217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009434078,0.0004718892,0.13331486,0.00008898897,0.00007500525,0.00000414045,0.0021920982,0.14685228,0.01863234,0.41202912,0.2750315,0.001873701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007763662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012508596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30755132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000078022285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008302811,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998657},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3108334286","doi":"10.1364/ol.413380","title":"Flexible autofocusing properties of ring Pearcey beams by means of a cross phase","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Beam (structure); Optics; Phase (matter); Poynting vector; Ring (chemistry); Light beam; Physics; Optical tweezers; Chemistry","score_opus":0.023761565606854003,"score_gpt":0.2638086082580549,"score_spread":0.24004704265120091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3108334286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.980046,0.000060099417,0.016096301,0.0011884515,0.00006280633,0.00013734844,0.000065772416,0.00002472997,0.002318488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99512464,0.0000010718919,0.00439244,0.00020896434,0.000110062974,0.0000045689885,0.000014819575,0.000027051929,0.00011640492],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905896,0.000016894941,0.00030560218,0.00017360927,0.00021823635,0.00022667041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952614,0.000013296975,0.00015131288,0.00016897052,0.00006140675,0.000078861776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069479705,0.00013743747,0.00022429807,0.000027581613,0.00005405709,0.00004889998,0.00018248965,0.000021840788,0.00006319485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009926454,0.00013141258,0.000104136445,0.00013349416,0.00018558651,0.00014645934,0.00010660077,0.00012487323,0.000008505238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032818312,0.0001768247,0.0014918182,0.00013539745,0.000092008566,0.0000015373284,0.0019050874,0.0039717387,0.98921824,0.001670028,0.00033253312,0.0009719492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010486612,0.00013610946,0.000022064463,0.00008382055,0.000046338006,3.5379938e-7,0.0004824609,0.014412631,0.98258895,0.000055871187,0.00091446727,0.00020828668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048780843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.1660446e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015078613,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014606519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002388022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.535885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109272719","doi":"10.1364/fio.2020.fw1a.4","title":"Spectral vector beams for high-speed spectroscopy","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Spectroscopy; Physics; Laser beams; Beam (structure); Light beam; Optoelectronics; Materials science; Laser","score_opus":0.008641792336939331,"score_gpt":0.23050404864890442,"score_spread":0.2218622563119651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109272719","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71027553,0.00005872532,0.27731144,0.0027027468,0.0029077667,0.00075287285,0.00013911835,0.000076532764,0.00577524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.79581314,0.0000026140106,0.20318899,0.00018445226,0.0004866808,0.000015509147,0.000016233329,0.000022779215,0.00026959155],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981376,0.000012585773,0.0002728671,0.0005340365,0.00037558845,0.00066730176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999258,0.000028526603,0.00009172688,0.00028455417,0.00007973279,0.00025745676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023003068,0.00020812436,0.00027175504,0.00010855041,0.00017031284,0.00018596581,0.00071525504,0.000034849723,0.00006194598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046036992,0.00021015636,0.00008554491,0.0007772204,0.00041397946,0.0003768489,0.00014820912,0.00020155203,0.000029224533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00056479493,0.0019560612,0.1997567,0.00022272591,0.00025868285,0.000056883677,0.007199903,0.015754238,0.115562625,0.6014309,0.051360372,0.0058761034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035776524,0.0015108573,0.005014963,0.000056798177,0.00008067373,0.0000013206322,0.0030283297,0.24927108,0.65463275,0.07731876,0.0040066573,0.001500162],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021052732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.54156e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5390701,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118907235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018745166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8569927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109413983","doi":"10.1017/s1431927620017195","title":"How the Observation in a New Custom Basis Based on Orbital Angular Momentum Space Could Improve Our Dose Effective Reconstruction of the Protein Structure.","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Basis (linear algebra); Angular momentum; Space (punctuation); Physics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Computational physics; Computational chemistry; Aerospace engineering; Computer science; Classical mechanics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Engineering; Geometry","score_opus":0.007247328835128739,"score_gpt":0.2173111805663135,"score_spread":0.21006385173118475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109413983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.989665,0.00008832198,0.0020610911,0.0070092296,0.000097464595,0.0008634813,0.00015076122,0.000009587155,0.00005511706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981097,0.0000012206871,0.0011265352,0.00013888146,0.0001216978,0.000026015696,0.00002562797,0.000019064442,0.00043127706],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886703,0.00013506161,0.0002486148,0.00035893163,0.000175837,0.00021451438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992468,0.000033825003,0.00027647123,0.00031006167,0.000063381354,0.00006949024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012332814,0.00023612894,0.00031286763,0.000072612376,0.00013521519,0.00012409034,0.00020150897,0.00006950104,0.000033069235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028464003,0.00015394762,0.000203249,0.0006399505,0.0000804114,0.00013723847,0.00007978658,0.0002969197,0.0000016170708],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001233044,0.00006858754,0.026410496,0.0000487176,0.00019786417,9.0584626e-7,0.00061662274,0.0002774131,0.962351,0.00031255244,0.0002415807,0.009350927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012133333,0.00016130878,0.006382444,0.00006751046,0.00029358387,7.5183544e-7,0.0022923963,0.0065060547,0.9817803,0.00063118944,0.00043098186,0.0002401443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005255456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052345407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020028053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006171593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008963985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6277802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3113036453","doi":"10.1103/physreva.103.l031501","title":"Kelvin's chirality of optical beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics; University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; Canada Research Chairs; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Chirality (physics); Physics; Planar chirality; Optics; Field (mathematics); Electromagnetic field; Quantum mechanics; Chemistry; Mathematics; Chiral symmetry","score_opus":0.013042581587600332,"score_gpt":0.34784472826226304,"score_spread":0.3348021466746627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3113036453","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7422444,0.13090385,0.0039465902,0.005586073,0.00043633673,0.002761937,0.00036429826,0.00017656633,0.11357992],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97798705,0.01756183,0.00090270286,0.0015026495,0.0011907138,0.00020825915,0.00021021365,0.00007918117,0.00035738907],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99623215,0.00030750292,0.0009763449,0.00083682686,0.00095129776,0.0006958743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99699235,0.0003795064,0.00043763913,0.0013288477,0.000429255,0.00043240303],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003635536,0.00059287535,0.0021954873,0.000025039455,0.00009437315,0.00003959721,0.000586365,0.000036907073,0.0005637773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038650565,0.00048771652,0.0016875344,0.000897041,0.0002990192,0.00024961046,0.000507985,0.00063890894,0.00074692175],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017461507,0.007588735,0.0023669675,0.019055447,0.0005713487,0.000036389105,0.000099231445,0.000006595359,0.056425992,0.82371014,0.007601123,0.082520574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017004088,0.00082579546,0.00482306,0.041494254,0.004305777,0.000019756173,0.00008067146,0.0013527827,0.31278843,0.46516964,0.1642556,0.003183837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019039373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.6669126e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3585405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056629273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018569728,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99975747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3117315790","doi":"10.1364/noma.2020.now1c.2","title":"A Space Compression Optic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Advanced Photonics Congress (AP) 2020 (IPR, NP, NOMA, Networks, PVLED, PSC, SPPCom, SOF)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Optics; Beam (structure); Space (punctuation); Compression (physics); Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.008466010946624969,"score_gpt":0.23322074689998212,"score_spread":0.22475473595335715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3117315790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8541161,0.012239644,0.05386056,0.006693782,0.013112447,0.007113094,0.00137197,0.0019929588,0.049499437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9711646,0.00041269074,0.021293381,0.0010896813,0.0014153698,0.00039787826,0.0007655189,0.00040407662,0.0030568375],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99357134,0.00026864733,0.0013452276,0.0019140715,0.0009386579,0.0019620406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953831,0.00048431882,0.00092810777,0.0016175451,0.00034891753,0.00123801],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029939573,0.0014244308,0.0016001672,0.00012569233,0.0006893685,0.0004935418,0.0016001223,0.0003837573,0.0022058203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006453425,0.0014760676,0.00071611576,0.0010843796,0.00041786628,0.00086334714,0.0012826306,0.0017946016,0.00047111508],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003644302,0.003406493,0.02548683,0.0009999847,0.003121669,0.0013845416,0.0038830575,0.7543224,0.025857002,0.062009435,0.08830234,0.027581949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009235077,0.00088160933,0.0003130371,0.0006868504,0.00054886384,0.00004637299,0.0014972363,0.7443356,0.014160545,0.0042150277,0.22017641,0.0039033722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007915182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015444806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13187407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023341562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022052808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3123488046","doi":"10.1364/josab.417794","title":"Cavity-enhanced Raman scattering from optically deformed droplets","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Raman scattering; Scattering; Whispering-gallery wave; Raman spectroscopy; Materials science; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); X-ray Raman scattering; Excited state; Light scattering; Inelastic scattering; Molecular physics; Excitation; Spectral line; Micrometer; Atomic physics; Physics; Laser; Chemistry","score_opus":0.005990497930543249,"score_gpt":0.2246221995174103,"score_spread":0.21863170158686707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3123488046","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9622099,0.00009044287,0.030281413,0.0041242,0.00033824358,0.000060301103,0.00001794497,0.0000054578695,0.0028721353],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9234821,0.000016708427,0.07571269,0.00026651873,0.00035115657,0.0000011848888,0.0000028208237,0.000014155242,0.00015265353],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986036,0.00004970259,0.0005091587,0.00013631264,0.00044429442,0.0002569773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873936,0.0001790135,0.00041067423,0.00027573892,0.00025364582,0.00014157503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013663131,0.00014614605,0.00039711597,0.000009583842,0.00010576608,0.000052680232,0.00036925962,0.000047477253,0.00033291834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046199224,0.00010208367,0.00080002047,0.00020841796,0.0003183259,0.00012437208,0.00020827726,0.00044660742,0.000010235478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000769259,0.0013322113,0.006779423,0.00006650304,0.0016574706,0.000013311198,0.0023462963,0.0010802774,0.92058337,0.0015032792,0.0038084618,0.060752485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003460052,0.0007536461,0.038024288,0.0006315406,0.0008617717,0.000050217484,0.013561757,0.0043218927,0.91427046,0.016782625,0.0063688094,0.00091296516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033547698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.9422378e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05983952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063962296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014486507,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41628513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127281837","doi":"10.1186/s43074-021-00027-z","title":"Optical coherence encryption with structured random light","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PhotoniX","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China; Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Encryption; Computer science; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Fourier transform; Theoretical computer science; Mathematics; Computer security; Statistics","score_opus":0.0048423218364500665,"score_gpt":0.20998055113707245,"score_spread":0.2051382293006224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127281837","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93621653,0.00009919429,0.0049799946,0.00026099198,0.00017794204,0.00017496903,0.00001827913,0.000036749727,0.05803533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936802,0.0000013477398,0.0047524874,0.000040961335,0.00013542405,0.000025611693,0.00004418037,0.000014357577,0.0013054265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992937,0.000020224425,0.0001154045,0.00020850405,0.00017068558,0.00019150987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956286,0.00002631196,0.000039351544,0.000216389,0.000078959194,0.00007611925],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038077127,0.0001183707,0.00014594343,0.000014659847,0.00006430547,0.00006805745,0.00008319504,0.000025603187,0.0014735999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004406732,0.00009465133,0.00005338644,0.00011931845,0.000038113227,0.000079352125,0.00004474328,0.0001256756,0.00008328489],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046823436,0.0007937278,0.046842415,0.00006520022,0.0006016403,0.00020849112,0.0016667165,0.00037487253,0.71057326,0.2230313,0.0028371809,0.012536953],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026608964,0.00009399201,0.0023144672,0.000031701045,0.00007527407,0.000017177279,0.0004588641,0.00043983228,0.97062755,0.011315092,0.011618117,0.00034706263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018502045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000064489345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26005426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017310957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000690848,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994392},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127764829","doi":"10.1364/optica.411887","title":"Bessel beams: a unified and extended perspective","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Superposition principle; Angular momentum; Physics; Bessel beam; Perspective (graphical); Position (finance); Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Optics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.009499241960731583,"score_gpt":0.2556318454615624,"score_spread":0.24613260350083083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127764829","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6481686,0.0016074838,0.0050552655,0.0015315481,0.0008371642,0.00067082123,0.00019294518,0.000099465586,0.3418367],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9852731,0.000029070461,0.011410599,0.000032649164,0.00035684023,0.00005728582,0.00012410345,0.0000402482,0.0026761077],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987936,0.00003495276,0.00018973257,0.0005460091,0.00017587349,0.00025983562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990663,0.000043178425,0.00009718279,0.0004802268,0.00019082057,0.00012232362],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000072354065,0.0002772774,0.00033545934,0.000050078193,0.00008216855,0.00025812208,0.00018289342,0.00011462245,0.00030358147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013753337,0.00028742323,0.00013940349,0.000074315125,0.00011758931,0.00006058481,0.00092417805,0.0005402862,0.000018110994],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030490433,0.0011068792,0.0012357439,0.00021439746,0.0012972457,0.00008316702,0.0069701746,0.00020482352,0.0012223397,0.9818007,0.0006286213,0.0052054296],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039920867,0.000627223,0.014498751,0.0016101213,0.0022140157,0.000038438757,0.15776719,0.00898414,0.015641063,0.779564,0.009316307,0.005746626],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024623793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029922035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3391606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006814167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016712977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3128364665","doi":"10.1109/apmc47863.2020.9331386","title":"Stable Light Focusing by Meta-Axicons Applicable in Biosensors, Particle Trapping, Astronomical, and Imaging Devices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Focus (optics); Physics; Depth of focus (tectonics); Amplitude; Planar; Depth of field; Laser; Computer science","score_opus":0.017773879754263554,"score_gpt":0.22376427724970924,"score_spread":0.20599039749544568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3128364665","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793888,0.0006451344,0.0044744685,0.008674004,0.000019013836,0.00024150586,0.0000328986,0.00005339407,0.0064707785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99704134,0.0000013538202,0.002313374,0.00028116943,0.00006807924,0.000024655823,0.000009032973,0.000019505813,0.00024148403],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898005,0.000026287142,0.00025026055,0.0003182948,0.00008418507,0.0003409238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999612,0.000033523076,0.00005888696,0.00012285369,0.000013182601,0.00015959184],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008637503,0.00016751951,0.00028486326,0.000020262996,0.00007585387,0.0001534787,0.00009863513,0.000016846589,0.00068806607],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002540762,0.00014709911,0.00007608752,0.00014280294,0.000046349698,0.00025455956,0.000098547614,0.00011817261,0.000037474012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004466725,0.0007945296,0.57526,0.000095463474,0.0015594024,0.0000057526277,0.0019028113,0.00062628917,0.34261584,0.043695156,0.02158585,0.011814277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023642536,0.000117227886,0.0022826048,0.000024279394,0.0008765622,0.000001160344,0.006296088,0.053436827,0.7174873,0.002003401,0.21386488,0.0012454268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022097873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008197102,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57297736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013571698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016157903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7533841},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3129597232","doi":"10.3390/photonics8030064","title":"Synthesis of Super-Oscillatory Point-Spread Functions with Taylor-Like Tapered Sidelobes for Advanced Optical Super-Resolution Imaging","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Tapering; Grating; Optics; Chebyshev filter; Point (geometry); Taylor series; Physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Geometry","score_opus":0.0067553415032281855,"score_gpt":0.2198167670422228,"score_spread":0.21306142553899463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3129597232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9583857,0.0006022504,0.030836143,0.00048073468,0.00041000542,0.0005300695,0.00049913535,0.00007168273,0.008184252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789359,0.0000076546985,0.020195832,0.000052452604,0.00007088448,0.00015390781,0.0001064346,0.00004809451,0.0004288272],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986835,0.000028353048,0.00030995594,0.00037076196,0.00023179904,0.00037563176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988307,0.00024405023,0.00008282163,0.00041676898,0.00031827975,0.00010740539],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011437113,0.00021553776,0.0003108597,0.0000523209,0.00016016675,0.000045264253,0.00012723493,0.00004091709,0.00024569107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052292715,0.00020544766,0.00018997844,0.00018721509,0.00013284125,0.0002284289,0.00009044767,0.00013542315,0.000015134134],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010825573,0.004053988,0.06968328,0.00084976444,0.0019749305,0.00005778848,0.0017909042,0.017534912,0.7072298,0.122127965,0.0040086196,0.06960547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029904833,0.00034277147,0.0013852937,0.00027871202,0.00071907963,0.00003322188,0.011091376,0.06365679,0.88187677,0.0036268018,0.03276905,0.0012296706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040866216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001982402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17464693,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072568204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017092252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83779126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3130625946","doi":"10.1109/ieeeconf35879.2020.9329476","title":"Generation of Mixed Multi-mode Vortex Beam using Uniform Circular Array Antenna","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Optics; Mode (computer interface); Range (aeronautics); Antenna (radio); Beam (structure); Circular buffer; Physics; Acoustics; Computer science; Engineering; Telecommunications; Aerospace engineering; Mechanics","score_opus":0.05762593881709927,"score_gpt":0.2732185563829641,"score_spread":0.21559261756586484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3130625946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64737993,0.00001575966,0.35149354,0.00007526373,0.00008182051,0.00009737388,0.000019704963,0.000015708414,0.00082089053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97905326,6.455226e-7,0.020445619,0.00006042231,0.0002437882,0.0000023041734,0.000059328253,0.000016448595,0.00011820044],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933445,0.000011775895,0.00021827556,0.00016377508,0.00012701667,0.00014472338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999626,0.0000057772095,0.000084753185,0.00014006581,0.000066830056,0.000076605356],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003900664,0.00011031034,0.0001571035,0.000022118866,0.000047898608,0.000022590086,0.00009178103,0.000025737312,0.00021264616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038543362,0.00010274246,0.00009206746,0.00011625063,0.000029508697,0.000119640834,0.000034663088,0.00006712791,0.000020360376],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023612456,0.000098716795,0.008147385,0.000015929925,0.000059256603,7.0159604e-7,0.0002629406,0.0012625323,0.9861019,0.0036888572,0.000035827365,0.00032355418],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006208749,0.00006214185,0.00070210104,0.000011205011,0.000055749555,5.233961e-7,0.0006808473,0.43326917,0.5637353,0.00032053186,0.00029508618,0.0002464618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016299907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026254907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43200663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001542406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003329614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4189716},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3130869691","doi":"10.1364/osac.418380","title":"Tuning of the Gouy phase variation for radially polarized laser beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Continuum","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Phase (matter); Lens (geology); Beam (structure); Laser; Laser beams; Physics; Optical axis; Variation (astronomy); Field (mathematics); Phase matching; Materials science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0073030800193658665,"score_gpt":0.24057792338966488,"score_spread":0.23327484337029902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3130869691","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9388887,0.00005516737,0.050789867,0.0010364375,0.00090490485,0.000417311,0.00029361935,0.000019261533,0.007594699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99127394,2.9697117e-7,0.0029461612,0.000060929193,0.00028384963,0.000017556287,0.00007549736,0.000013704132,0.0053280913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994308,0.000035276593,0.00017496198,0.0001232459,0.00009502155,0.0001407093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994592,0.00006793463,0.00012136775,0.00021497207,0.00010778469,0.00002872089],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115416806,0.000079233105,0.00013598964,0.000012815287,0.00007275724,0.000036128364,0.000106031956,0.000025871863,0.00019238458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031703952,0.00006542395,0.00014236284,0.00009797413,0.000024378223,0.000067228975,0.00005781591,0.000067168636,0.000004833859],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040355586,0.00039748524,0.0035563398,0.000022561859,0.00016592271,0.0000011355546,0.00080567505,0.0000041754215,0.95886075,0.029895218,0.0011028147,0.005147561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0074024824,0.00011859392,0.0036104782,0.00007202215,0.00023363247,0.0000013314893,0.00054478657,0.00071637426,0.9215509,0.014810126,0.050612777,0.00032647722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003683092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000065698587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05238518,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011172467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078410136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26679114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133090744","doi":"10.1364/ol.415773","title":"MCVD-based GRIN-axicon for the generation of scalable Bessel–Gauss beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Axicon; Optics; Lens (geology); Bessel function; Materials science; Physics; Laser; Laser beams","score_opus":0.019246918228684854,"score_gpt":0.23640423093463753,"score_spread":0.21715731270595268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133090744","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7522259,0.00010335759,0.23633057,0.008413917,0.0007312278,0.00038042286,0.00012578421,0.000018095827,0.0016707646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9762342,0.0000025040624,0.021238226,0.0009460052,0.00063660945,0.00005783573,0.00022076936,0.000029220186,0.00063460326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926895,0.000019037549,0.00019581872,0.00016885018,0.0001510366,0.00019630372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999346,0.0001180492,0.00009038162,0.00030137337,0.00010980552,0.00003438183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001067281,0.000113152964,0.00013132137,0.000020620952,0.000116925105,0.00006399226,0.00012989106,0.00002574507,0.000055304678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009775246,0.000093697075,0.00012429807,0.00010976415,0.00006184556,0.00006035578,0.000038600123,0.00008259806,0.0000068468207],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017892926,0.00045120568,0.005647911,0.000110150366,0.00034032585,0.0000047541516,0.00025541362,0.062664986,0.84834665,0.0657461,0.009222346,0.007192287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001110246,0.00006877982,0.00035872843,0.00003408944,0.00019048784,8.8808747e-7,0.00031974842,0.1127962,0.8707187,0.0006653406,0.01341381,0.00032296815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022973933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029870218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22400837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000192549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049789436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38208556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133577933","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.126.094802","title":"Experimental Demonstration of an Electrostatic Orbital Angular Momentum Sorter for Electron Beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Electron; Physics; Sorting; Optics; Atomic physics; Momentum (technical analysis); Orbital angular momentum of light; Resolution (logic); Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics; Computer science","score_opus":0.008521539251923081,"score_gpt":0.28782159626067916,"score_spread":0.2793000570087561,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133577933","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99169517,0.0019011119,0.0046978593,0.0008597045,0.000061487684,0.00050156127,0.00003661471,0.000017144052,0.00022932648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99702,0.000019098405,0.0012816811,0.0008303054,0.00026178613,0.00015001032,0.0003807262,0.000029365247,0.00002700011],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987844,0.000066404355,0.00030897098,0.0002945323,0.00022646778,0.00031919713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994202,0.000043969765,0.00014375287,0.00024508257,0.000064388114,0.00008258655],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008822046,0.00019233247,0.0003805483,0.000019159379,0.0000543936,0.000029129911,0.00011955015,0.000007775721,0.000076515695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053824187,0.00018435623,0.00027145437,0.0001464336,0.000054096265,0.0002231862,0.000030934752,0.00010457435,0.000011377717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011018378,0.0007671077,0.00012551785,0.00028042204,0.00009968985,0.0000032606968,0.000121183286,0.000025742154,0.98694915,0.010070171,0.00057503715,0.0009717094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045231494,0.00034285703,0.00009387528,0.00021257397,0.00016067667,0.000003296781,0.00009919469,0.0013717046,0.99457484,0.0018387742,0.0005693042,0.0002805565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000072431253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.33036e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008231398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004241698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004818258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75178295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134824964","doi":"10.1038/s41467-021-21793-1","title":"Compensation-free high-dimensional free-space optical communication using turbulence-resilient vector beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":231,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; U.S. Department of Defense; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Scintillation; Free-space optical communication; Physics; Turbulence; Optics; Optical communication; Keying; Polarization (electrochemistry); Computer science; Telecommunications; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.01457836294181896,"score_gpt":0.272283430263797,"score_spread":0.257705067321978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3134824964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8622857,0.016833518,0.0062868674,0.07574926,0.0013975865,0.001206635,0.0012302243,0.0003428548,0.034667388],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85925204,0.000034998127,0.13888936,0.00022317811,0.00011932718,0.000030577703,0.0010666522,0.000031223582,0.00035263153],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99835724,0.00024533254,0.00038167648,0.00030348756,0.00042443912,0.00028780135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9931574,0.0005082581,0.00018165697,0.0054541505,0.0005625319,0.0001359932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020760317,0.00022811654,0.0002523293,0.00007158487,0.0006976197,0.00012973131,0.0020934446,0.00019120848,0.00032741833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018024958,0.00024278628,0.00014618081,0.00045369414,0.0003027344,0.00022504867,0.0024415164,0.0012374981,0.00005354997],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009863061,0.00079568103,0.0025016642,0.000009925056,0.0001548951,0.000002056307,0.00022397144,0.0018223369,0.0057221693,0.9805459,0.0077166543,0.00049493456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011272357,0.0003100684,0.09674868,0.001243183,0.0015936481,0.00012094167,0.0053469255,0.21290204,0.10395691,0.4384528,0.12294059,0.0051118424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018301106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001267794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54209304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014081545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022266625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9900537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3134893300","doi":"10.1117/12.2579037","title":"Self-trapping and Guiding of Light through Suspensions of Red Blood Cells","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Wavelength; Trapping; Materials science; Optics; Optoelectronics; Light scattering; Absorption (acoustics); Penetration (warfare); Scattering; Coupling (piping); Physics","score_opus":0.01350245614172166,"score_gpt":0.22300428981650922,"score_spread":0.20950183367478756,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3134893300","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8663996,0.00017208226,0.0007972206,0.0003143001,0.000084030115,0.000080384576,0.000007150455,0.000015149752,0.1321301],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97913396,0.00001669223,0.019967798,0.000011744489,0.00003794746,0.0000011340219,0.0000043971963,0.000007887114,0.0008184336],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947745,0.000014998258,0.00019902224,0.00012029755,0.0000827261,0.00010551009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962133,0.000036200723,0.000071478426,0.00015948259,0.00008514943,0.000026352065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004183689,0.00007007419,0.00015680055,0.000015117804,0.00003220196,0.000009478762,0.000046212812,0.000019265535,0.00029889448],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029910793,0.000064917025,0.00005896398,0.000109595996,0.000019424122,0.000062916275,0.00010078159,0.000032220552,0.0000017735783],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012977263,0.00026920787,0.003882532,0.000052714746,0.00018651593,0.0000036457686,0.00064200495,0.0000057326047,0.88775593,0.106581874,0.00049797236,0.0001205918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025695798,0.00002567165,0.00011093445,0.00003329522,0.000071813,0.000001085874,0.0010054125,0.00006563772,0.9928036,0.0035896306,0.0019626075,0.0000733729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021925056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014231263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13131167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000024848916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027443935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32726848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135268394","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-507381/v1","title":"Quantum Structured Light: Non-classical Spin Texture of Twisted Single-photon Pulses","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Photon; Texture (cosmology); Structured light; Spin (aerodynamics); Physics; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Optoelectronics; Optics; Computer science; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.036479707498532764,"score_gpt":0.3485955666725779,"score_spread":0.31211585917404516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135268394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832171,0.0007347693,0.0006274187,0.00085864967,0.00071836147,0.001330627,0.00063054526,0.000050887134,0.011831646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99582857,0.000014349354,0.00055658753,0.000007833088,0.00079741084,0.00011470443,0.0010151272,0.00009326654,0.0015721495],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.995443,0.00037848693,0.0006479542,0.0009253106,0.0016182036,0.0009870698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99680024,0.00018598822,0.00026243733,0.0013323493,0.0010912373,0.00032774208],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005066833,0.0004897457,0.0008303115,0.00035262213,0.00016939695,0.00037170493,0.0008494041,0.00044922013,0.0015391416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012487317,0.00044738664,0.0005330483,0.0006235381,0.0003101833,0.000103998515,0.0021601638,0.0025958177,0.000042228847],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00079337216,0.0111073125,0.07356819,0.01997962,0.004353952,0.0009258897,0.013754874,0.0012641435,0.7095191,0.0851172,0.030862646,0.04875372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036017837,0.002479976,0.036409497,0.010670429,0.00037184946,0.000016802795,0.021392697,0.01759895,0.7940852,0.081808254,0.027771614,0.0037929707],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040799304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039325787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.084566094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002446758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00077684224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979776},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135942738","doi":"10.1364/osac.423070","title":"Radially anisotropic ring-core optical fiber: towards vector-vortex guided transmission using the full modal space","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Continuum","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Vortex; Degenerate energy levels; Optics; Modal; Birefringence; Optical vortex; Fiber; Anisotropy; Multi-mode optical fiber; Optical fiber; Mechanics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.019625292288459825,"score_gpt":0.2611979005721609,"score_spread":0.24157260828370108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135942738","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94804686,0.00023509617,0.016605522,0.001769709,0.00046163585,0.00022842092,0.000025427875,0.000052578715,0.03257476],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98109275,0.000003971015,0.010950088,0.00006744201,0.00079192675,0.000009574301,0.000035472724,0.00004252941,0.0070062615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854636,0.000060052476,0.0002963919,0.00035850971,0.00030053555,0.00043816149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991603,0.00004771494,0.00008753175,0.0004275332,0.00012805495,0.00014885995],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012333844,0.000244531,0.00028079026,0.000026258307,0.00020474724,0.00015928128,0.00024478714,0.00007408406,0.0014583471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013410254,0.00019463651,0.00023633616,0.00018071302,0.00009428671,0.00011323884,0.00013443342,0.0002695688,0.00006777958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000087101376,0.00054184993,0.0041266647,0.00006972241,0.00043323828,0.00020615476,0.0013995465,0.00024792436,0.8130291,0.12720415,0.003755278,0.04889924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00598986,0.00046168914,0.013951278,0.00034754758,0.0008510472,0.00015221318,0.001778543,0.01406328,0.72789145,0.027402109,0.20485492,0.002256076],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000089383575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010184551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20109965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053671418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021087064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945444},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136098820","doi":"10.1063/5.0031230","title":"Perspectives on advances in high-capacity, free-space communications using multiplexing of orbital-angular-momentum beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"APL Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":126,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Defense Security Cooperation Agency; Air Force Research Laboratory; Nippon Telegraph and Telephone","keywords":"Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Multiplexing; Angular momentum; Physics; Optical communication; Crosstalk; Free-space optical communication; Communications system; Free space; Channel capacity; Telecommunications; Optics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Channel (broadcasting); Engineering; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.019176963009457912,"score_gpt":0.27153934291787124,"score_spread":0.2523623799084133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136098820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879113,0.0022030987,0.000984219,0.00030419693,0.00015977105,0.00022709776,0.00018039446,0.000023435565,0.008006477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96447444,0.00013313937,0.035111856,0.000018308254,0.000038096212,0.000019171719,0.00005697042,0.00003108963,0.000116939635],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871457,0.00008703502,0.00034099707,0.0003117204,0.00025207124,0.0002936338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982575,0.0001633133,0.0001987981,0.0011661394,0.00015302953,0.00006122253],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014970738,0.0001983811,0.00031303772,0.000095312076,0.00012537946,0.000041195442,0.00047398123,0.000051609997,0.00011586715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005112943,0.0002179207,0.0001295817,0.00040942046,0.00019734925,0.00025860075,0.00047815076,0.00031296932,0.0000086315895],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003553387,0.002474259,0.017770115,0.000090649926,0.00021153071,0.000015925769,0.008618142,0.005929173,0.03859567,0.9254924,0.000052582956,0.00071401434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007272035,0.0005632552,0.0036443432,0.0011882101,0.00025279174,0.000017830747,0.119339354,0.075111926,0.52111095,0.25656247,0.012629765,0.0023070886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004218807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000072326526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66892993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014167023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008969665,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8886548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136404668","doi":"10.1364/prj.420872","title":"Free-space realization of tunable pin-like optical vortex beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photonics Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Collège Lionel Groulx","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optical vortex; Poynting vector; Amplitude; Vortex; Phase (matter); Bessel function; Main lobe; Angular momentum; Intensity (physics)","score_opus":0.03645854297551373,"score_gpt":0.340376620046447,"score_spread":0.30391807707093327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136404668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6575296,0.0009963332,0.019261386,0.0014453167,0.0005172923,0.00079998345,0.00027879476,0.00006288542,0.31910843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97853625,0.00007130001,0.007426362,0.000020586556,0.0000894425,0.000046791283,0.00017215952,0.000044902365,0.013592214],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979661,0.000116249605,0.0002615112,0.00032419356,0.00082410255,0.00050783344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981191,0.0001692191,0.000051498526,0.00076306466,0.0007476291,0.00014945636],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065077393,0.000116353454,0.00020690326,0.000095632626,0.00013768738,0.000085112784,0.00035950574,0.00006212245,0.0012224823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010937547,0.000121009245,0.00009731424,0.0006927273,0.00016917741,0.00010969217,0.0005526283,0.0003917255,0.000069720314],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036315414,0.00085907686,0.003963945,0.00012800703,0.0001441573,0.000031799595,0.00052415015,0.00082770165,0.050134532,0.93466437,0.007519838,0.0011660919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016374636,0.00030275498,0.0009207604,0.00013938325,0.000049371138,0.0000069975813,0.0030426616,0.030699156,0.68874633,0.18154688,0.09238494,0.0005232823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037384863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018002947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7531175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074708376,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038761034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3153897773","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.15.044019","title":"Designing Optical Fields in Three Dimensions Using Source-Boundary Transformations","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Applied","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Helmholtz equation; Boundary (topology); Helmholtz free energy; Field (mathematics); Computer science; Phase (matter); Physics; Optical field; Boundary value problem; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Electromagnetic field; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.022077213640796012,"score_gpt":0.28636541370811774,"score_spread":0.26428820006732173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3153897773","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6093256,0.0036811111,0.34280968,0.0007481189,0.00009545579,0.00078419666,0.0000150812675,0.000059055983,0.042481713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99304456,0.00009560345,0.0063048443,0.0002627421,0.00015656395,0.000061571,0.000032852226,0.000019747808,0.000021527003],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990197,0.000026546915,0.000282878,0.00021582944,0.00018655218,0.0002685288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994815,0.0001128733,0.000046717927,0.00023363098,0.000034986613,0.00009026965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009736944,0.00015781315,0.00035054548,0.000022257114,0.00010872097,0.00004077644,0.00010167126,0.000022438884,0.000175223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009212528,0.0001482786,0.00015933278,0.00031636292,0.00004998172,0.00008723335,0.00007318497,0.00028204196,0.00008593419],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013585093,0.0017689113,0.0010433528,0.0010797619,0.00018332031,0.000019311834,0.0009443766,0.002614657,0.07393471,0.82709956,0.0002656896,0.09103276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003178799,0.00013496622,0.0015579759,0.0053780503,0.0012707539,0.000019945175,0.001182722,0.054974154,0.13310848,0.7740212,0.022457132,0.0027158102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000980919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045423253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38371897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030295349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008856768,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6046626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3156728374","doi":"10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113287","title":"A sorter for electrons based on magnetic elements","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ultramicroscopy","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Horizon 2020; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; FP7 Coherent Development of Research Policies","keywords":"Electron; Phase (matter); Angular momentum; Physics; Optics; Fourier transform; Electrostatic lens; Electron optics; Computational physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.005282471424511643,"score_gpt":0.2504056743528977,"score_spread":0.24512320292838605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3156728374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.910385,0.0000751548,0.06252497,0.00094646,0.00077081914,0.00084111834,0.0005691296,0.0000798283,0.02380753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9764116,8.1236396e-7,0.0162538,0.0005894844,0.00017280378,0.00008329658,0.00029972516,0.00003452536,0.00615396],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910545,0.00001694314,0.00016693155,0.00025377434,0.000108125474,0.00034879684],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995586,0.000057397625,0.000042214433,0.00023344695,0.00005128517,0.000057024525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000492857,0.00014189746,0.00012661818,0.000028987644,0.00008870458,0.00007325203,0.00009813574,0.000023060185,0.00086000323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000066218313,0.00014460162,0.0001181145,0.00009417191,0.000026602745,0.00003311521,0.0000141336795,0.00009526848,0.00009729895],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010185242,0.0017141763,0.035716843,0.00006761629,0.00011653154,0.000008113552,0.00014197778,0.00018870349,0.91292685,0.020790901,0.013451573,0.014774846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021773572,0.00064420153,0.001464949,0.000042426887,0.00007468552,9.2266595e-7,0.00013060827,0.004919352,0.9342172,0.005711158,0.050181378,0.00043572005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000064054384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017365279,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0660266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030093557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007475242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94164324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158599703","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202000576","title":"Rotational Doppler Frequency Shift from Time‐Evolving High‐Order Pancharatnam–Berry Phase: A Metasurface Approach","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser & Photonics Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Geometric phase; Doppler effect; Adiabatic process; Optics; Wavelength; Hamiltonian (control theory); Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.01164194976504007,"score_gpt":0.2602793074376108,"score_spread":0.24863735767257072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158599703","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29551736,0.5752876,0.016619708,0.0036599638,0.0014301761,0.0041607614,0.0060753725,0.0003773492,0.09687172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.49758404,0.018271044,0.42654708,0.007490552,0.0012985279,0.0018398877,0.02981925,0.00056186906,0.016587745],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976293,0.00017396921,0.0006174877,0.00065765117,0.00048660376,0.00043502307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984456,0.000111566056,0.00025845977,0.0007305039,0.0002793696,0.0001745313],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002756815,0.00039619792,0.0007294274,0.000028772063,0.00015060029,0.00013508678,0.00032391894,0.000068808295,0.021527432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032827098,0.0003744852,0.00031314287,0.00051479414,0.000052913678,0.0003044605,0.00017053119,0.00037801295,0.0010810454],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015939721,0.037865948,0.016820462,0.021283235,0.022967953,0.0010973956,0.0053985543,0.0037695528,0.14737976,0.37433845,0.26780152,0.10111777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014868167,0.00044106954,0.00289579,0.012935173,0.0075450265,0.00007626198,0.0005229307,0.04922094,0.07686158,0.13819297,0.687619,0.008821103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015201613,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005072081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55701655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006974305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003105328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158961191","doi":"10.1364/ol.423660","title":"Breaking the symmetry to structure light","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"Russian Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Transverse plane; Angular momentum; Light beam; Polarization (electrochemistry); Beam (structure); Orbital angular momentum of light; Symmetry (geometry); Optical axis; Angular momentum of light; Azimuth; Radial polarization; Lens (geology); Laser beams; Laser; Angular momentum coupling; Laser beam quality; Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Geometry","score_opus":0.003915738475281573,"score_gpt":0.20759134359189568,"score_spread":0.20367560511661412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158961191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9443174,0.000036224283,0.004685757,0.03418649,0.0006928536,0.00012341136,0.000041721214,0.00002560497,0.01589055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98712033,3.4930395e-7,0.006335696,0.0051264223,0.00066819147,0.000005048804,0.00002140251,0.000024162602,0.00069836644],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992301,0.000023696035,0.00012620637,0.00019189359,0.0001779711,0.0002501424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994444,0.000038656122,0.00003802097,0.00036703286,0.000043299453,0.00006857229],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043119562,0.00012657681,0.00010508308,0.000024734247,0.0001295767,0.00014612054,0.00019602974,0.000021265212,0.00029876066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007516996,0.00009668522,0.000077331715,0.00022503447,0.000023282446,0.000052157877,0.00015815342,0.00018105657,0.00008366736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009291348,0.00013521603,0.015852781,0.000035229397,0.00044333664,0.00011324898,0.0021535929,0.0021215125,0.60216105,0.3249772,0.04040147,0.011596088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013688247,0.000102931364,0.008993296,0.00018945182,0.00039715527,0.00006987841,0.0048898784,0.00169571,0.5700397,0.018353248,0.3917766,0.0021233414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009562191,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000181878,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3513751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002250499,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002079904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39427087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3172798151","doi":"10.1364/ol.434168","title":"Airy beams on incoherent background","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Diffraction; Physics; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Ptychography; Gaussian; Aperture (computer memory); Spatial coherence; Free-space optical communication; Optical communication; Acoustics; Laser","score_opus":0.012445273675921555,"score_gpt":0.23658410026154872,"score_spread":0.22413882658562717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3172798151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.932246,0.000022106986,0.0040547037,0.0032092994,0.00066402816,0.00009305516,0.000024851006,0.000032226664,0.05965372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98376524,0.0000022504405,0.009066562,0.0029930128,0.0007772466,0.00001686462,0.000116211246,0.00004213044,0.0032204592],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990908,0.00002509467,0.00016217992,0.00024140919,0.00021236087,0.00026814005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994474,0.00003703229,0.000050323753,0.00034325695,0.000037696802,0.00008427745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048590104,0.0001559311,0.00013780841,0.00002845649,0.00008089156,0.000101181366,0.00012484498,0.000026448379,0.00068807986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000027151839,0.00015831167,0.00010934287,0.00011410238,0.000047386715,0.00006890546,0.00009757786,0.00019159357,0.00048889115],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046377067,0.0021161626,0.021317162,0.00009612892,0.0008696451,0.00041031124,0.00088835787,0.007370881,0.110582225,0.7805947,0.059072483,0.016635587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0097577525,0.0011089147,0.0200473,0.00071763207,0.000734412,0.000057751517,0.009851528,0.010023624,0.47202125,0.029911874,0.43914542,0.0066225226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011150306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.805439e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75068283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045844128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002875265,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7533992},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3173006021","doi":"10.1103/physreva.104.l051701","title":"Remote state preparation of single-photon orbital-angular-momentum lattices","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Photon; Physics; Angular momentum; Lattice (music); Quantum; Quantum state; Optical lattice; Electron; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.020772034350297345,"score_gpt":0.3613524181478635,"score_spread":0.34058038379756617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3173006021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8704242,0.110023454,0.0029282446,0.0007908878,0.0005925704,0.0043435576,0.00044547598,0.000134427,0.010317154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95556444,0.038743928,0.0012592641,0.0004695736,0.0012411502,0.00041804285,0.0015742605,0.00020838909,0.00052095845],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9930017,0.00070675666,0.0020662425,0.0017190612,0.0015880214,0.000918198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99366397,0.00041087368,0.002320262,0.0023841998,0.0007676994,0.00045298258],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064849405,0.0013333085,0.0041178586,0.00009061069,0.0001198431,0.00018614274,0.001107734,0.000106197724,0.0003308068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003266174,0.001182133,0.0026645835,0.0008382945,0.00030353497,0.00042655045,0.0017349524,0.0013827323,0.0002890406],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002795408,0.031164436,0.0010901395,0.3629156,0.0074855187,0.00021889101,0.0034216358,0.0007006864,0.35305172,0.039019015,0.016290888,0.18436192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016260821,0.0018536205,0.00036554932,0.22565623,0.0106898425,0.000014373546,0.00015848863,0.013601581,0.30504915,0.39558017,0.03910911,0.006295799],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019532707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004814584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35656118,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021274459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035917334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3173093616","doi":"10.1017/s1431927615004171","title":"Holographic Generation of Highly Twisted Electron Beams","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Holography; Electron holography; Electron; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.014893389416125984,"score_gpt":0.25637020746997585,"score_spread":0.24147681805384988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3173093616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99383074,0.0008762749,0.004075846,0.00007880487,0.000056822057,0.00007552593,0.000032551365,0.000012530411,0.00096090697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963838,0.000015316191,0.002586751,0.000031339852,0.00009934715,0.0000061392093,0.00016589467,0.000011895787,0.0006995226],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992281,0.000038237282,0.00023788733,0.0002159584,0.000093471135,0.00018629842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994867,0.000009424364,0.00012287,0.0001968091,0.0001033177,0.0000808952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014631197,0.00013282425,0.00023843846,0.00013505988,0.000056271023,0.000038463582,0.00009078448,0.00004116254,0.00003727691],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031904783,0.00012411928,0.00011341467,0.0003378406,0.00009653623,0.000078959914,0.00004448947,0.00008015139,0.000009947339],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012999443,0.000112228576,0.027157294,0.000007403205,0.000247927,6.122128e-7,0.00025851492,0.000031396226,0.9688825,0.0013704413,0.000960434,0.0009582682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005458318,0.0001260218,0.00067277113,0.000007212329,0.00034420323,0.0000015962713,0.0002515993,0.0003152634,0.9938114,0.0011212513,0.0026063996,0.00019641127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028380254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001110955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026484523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016045058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032099906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50614375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3177091366","doi":"10.1364/ol.430834","title":"Efficient direct mapping of the nonlinear optical response via modulated Airy beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Optics; Nonlinear system; Airy beam; Modulation (music); Spatial light modulator; Beam (structure); Laser beam quality; Nonlinear optics; Photorefractive effect; Physics; Laser beams; Laser; Acoustics","score_opus":0.006405089172837066,"score_gpt":0.20640810756524433,"score_spread":0.20000301839240728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3177091366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98703927,0.000020879757,0.007009473,0.0026779808,0.00038004317,0.00012559902,0.0000307326,0.000019554049,0.0026964506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98499304,3.6733536e-7,0.014146935,0.0003571318,0.00014714756,0.000005390294,0.000015245289,0.00002710803,0.00030761483],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987899,0.00009939731,0.00028925663,0.00024000478,0.0002947493,0.0002866773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910206,0.00014058442,0.00009969883,0.0005002424,0.00008949876,0.000067929395],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002131194,0.00015982789,0.00020276272,0.00003910802,0.00009920615,0.000036565976,0.00021081498,0.000034359437,0.00008219411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036124595,0.0001316907,0.00019881755,0.0003259601,0.00014074647,0.000021560176,0.00023184047,0.00020790398,0.000025556132],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055032604,0.00035487974,0.0041107265,0.000022740898,0.00017902447,0.000028201193,0.00043003762,0.07815054,0.91432166,0.0016932663,0.00014549535,0.00050839636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014115759,0.000081337654,0.020147528,0.00019773522,0.00017885324,0.000016151625,0.00064048567,0.32157513,0.6525316,0.0003515547,0.0021117083,0.0007563145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010048989,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4012874e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26179004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040905048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005779347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53701913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3179616763","doi":"10.1063/5.0048741","title":"Experimental realization of scalar and vector perfect Laguerre–Gaussian beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optical vortex; Laguerre polynomials; Physics; Optics; Gaussian beam; Gaussian; Scalar (mathematics); Light beam; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optical tweezers; Vortex; Realization (probability); Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics; Topology (electrical circuits); Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.006313393592820339,"score_gpt":0.21531603832801816,"score_spread":0.2090026447351978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3179616763","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98233086,0.000044957913,0.0100036925,0.00013135055,0.000093115974,0.00013013661,0.000025022775,0.000018980956,0.007221864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99863726,9.159434e-7,0.0006489114,0.0001951592,0.00027298834,0.00002230498,0.00015861512,0.00002619188,0.000037683265],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999272,0.00001781127,0.00015265774,0.00023280518,0.00015478506,0.00016993388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996142,0.000021951078,0.00008080173,0.00021044182,0.000019829198,0.00005282328],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000032728498,0.00014333692,0.00017750257,0.00001535674,0.00006562929,0.000033363212,0.00006765328,0.000022015227,0.0000737098],"category_scores_gemma":[6.585041e-7,0.0001534313,0.000062866304,0.00013584674,0.00008623053,0.00007093967,0.00008019322,0.00008397358,0.000011768481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060434245,0.0001447687,0.0017943768,0.00001798272,0.000060936192,0.0000015060693,0.0005496153,0.00014982157,0.8323968,0.16322982,0.0003015566,0.0013467398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049698853,0.000021424443,0.0013841836,0.00001617233,0.000036570684,7.0439177e-7,0.00063039083,0.00010097278,0.9954237,0.0013163346,0.0003561983,0.00021640892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029611158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8392649e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16302682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018342862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017016386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6256747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3185515366","doi":"10.1364/ao.434435","title":"Enlightening Arago–Poisson spot using structured light","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Optics; Axicon; Physics; Opacity; Light intensity; Light beam; Laser; Laser beams","score_opus":0.00944289545900184,"score_gpt":0.2279233966588465,"score_spread":0.21848050119984466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3185515366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91298896,0.0001041502,0.011609655,0.000157498,0.0004663592,0.00017068141,0.00002682946,0.000066786146,0.07440907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9502035,0.000002088117,0.048192024,0.000073852854,0.0006341042,0.000007666907,0.00007281982,0.00004838361,0.0007656093],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987662,0.000014177152,0.0002739895,0.00033845202,0.00021003926,0.00039713646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924827,0.000031793094,0.00011159925,0.0004017672,0.00008761678,0.00011896948],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006207257,0.00023586118,0.00025309194,0.000043088457,0.00016788706,0.00012808428,0.00016713497,0.00007367771,0.00041243606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004232125,0.00024198313,0.00010415283,0.00025098614,0.000036583093,0.00007342492,0.00017330944,0.00024227274,0.0000765261],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016384854,0.00018509245,0.002043755,0.000034910878,0.0002461533,0.000042567466,0.00088976364,0.0020389524,0.398514,0.59054905,0.00027904077,0.0051603164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013131917,0.000034290642,0.00051763083,0.00004957213,0.00026300567,0.000023226981,0.0029994838,0.0072767497,0.9065858,0.06580934,0.014065346,0.0010623429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008035982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010834382,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52473974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043789547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008467163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98677856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187662586","doi":"10.1117/12.2594335","title":"Tight focusing polychromatic structured light","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Lissajous curve; Diffraction; Electric field; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.004522690645961517,"score_gpt":0.2127484555518533,"score_spread":0.20822576490589176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187662586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61494535,0.00013461444,0.006246733,0.0011651148,0.00051715056,0.00008866267,0.000010113833,0.00006564367,0.37682664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98082894,2.8563292e-7,0.00677836,0.00008714047,0.00030493236,0.0000027695053,0.000021033029,0.000014601706,0.011961918],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994091,0.000015914646,0.0001320652,0.00014982476,0.00011693587,0.00017618299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996364,0.000013299796,0.00003280094,0.00022067263,0.00003815157,0.000058662907],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000020920468,0.000098812525,0.00011217188,0.000019611289,0.00007008649,0.00007461856,0.00007241217,0.00001984055,0.006122997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024610645,0.00008446236,0.000072360766,0.000120574514,0.000013783129,0.00008334635,0.00007088482,0.00006853237,0.00016857022],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000050954936,0.000314627,0.021540154,0.000053044758,0.0003519943,0.00006349481,0.00079709914,0.000025458801,0.2384675,0.7067778,0.010426133,0.0211776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005930604,0.000025947718,0.0029487761,0.00003570205,0.00006105294,0.000011482172,0.0008753704,0.00047733044,0.8907843,0.078336865,0.025416262,0.00043379713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015577592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003047524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65231687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013872043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041270305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99478555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3188919545","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2021.127359","title":"Simultaneous turbulence mitigation and channel demultiplexing using a single multi-plane light convertor for a free-space optical link with two 100-Gbit/s OAM channels","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Multiplexing; Optics; Turbulence; Phase-shift keying; Channel (broadcasting); Crosstalk; Optical communication; Gigabit; Keying; Telecommunications; Bit error rate; Computer science","score_opus":0.033464153788115465,"score_gpt":0.2810469778297423,"score_spread":0.24758282404162685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3188919545","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23904707,0.002509652,0.72849846,0.019498842,0.0005118836,0.0025144923,0.00075871893,0.00025942354,0.006401473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6803758,0.000028464421,0.31877837,0.000046926798,0.0001377693,0.000065222994,0.00023549037,0.000041059266,0.0002908749],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987195,0.000066796834,0.00032112494,0.00034549195,0.00017262262,0.00037443763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99727184,0.00067574676,0.00017332079,0.0012478023,0.0004523428,0.00017893792],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001226311,0.00025716488,0.00028261496,0.00006132986,0.00052680774,0.00022924387,0.00047441715,0.00007608481,0.000012313282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013165861,0.00026408574,0.00007406011,0.00022796213,0.00023335764,0.00019282843,0.0005054624,0.0002784507,0.000006253703],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031309706,0.0074865366,0.003160657,0.0006896198,0.002053242,0.00010045486,0.017520614,0.10444535,0.2763889,0.5693048,0.0001654014,0.018371265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018680627,0.00013523792,0.000012438134,0.00022034823,0.0001744349,0.000025017744,0.0014913374,0.9700977,0.021394609,0.0025904123,0.001547962,0.00044243553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042655265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005190931,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8656524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007274974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011979981,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3192553047","doi":"10.1117/12.2594991","title":"Optical trapping forces on nanoparticles in nonlinear medium under femtosecond pulsed excitation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Excitation; Femtosecond; Materials science; Nonlinear system; Dielectric; Optical tweezers; Refractive index; Nonlinear medium; Optical force; Nanoparticle; Nonlinear optics; Optics; Gaussian beam; Optoelectronics; Beam (structure); Nanotechnology; Physics; Laser","score_opus":0.014442151691374545,"score_gpt":0.2550553656524088,"score_spread":0.24061321396103427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3192553047","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96712226,0.000016256516,0.0014934004,0.0014467668,0.00011977167,0.000081436556,0.0000052268447,0.000018432369,0.029696442],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99618936,8.7280586e-7,0.0019815897,0.00019585076,0.00013604746,0.000012102784,0.00004145302,0.000012779303,0.0014299644],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920803,0.000025234474,0.00020306915,0.00019796992,0.00014723676,0.00021845079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996519,0.00009272777,0.000027312975,0.00012880129,0.000038026963,0.00006123725],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007579027,0.000102951235,0.00012422934,0.00004259052,0.00004073752,0.000061579216,0.00006114324,0.000029371391,0.0010156699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009273038,0.00009554716,0.000053692584,0.00015951239,0.000032689455,0.00011715356,0.000031669428,0.00010797376,0.00009260422],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005772167,0.00173866,0.0155959865,0.000055766002,0.00016857336,0.00006935544,0.0014424159,0.0035802752,0.38895807,0.5729942,0.0004065154,0.01493247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002058027,0.00015144105,0.031089967,0.00007609838,0.000028741331,0.0000018343779,0.009449954,0.013606631,0.88857573,0.05334733,0.0011157396,0.000498481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015513653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035646113,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5196469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022703993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047938945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194014323","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2021.jtu3a.82","title":"Light by Design: Engineering 2D Optical Fields in Inhomogeneous Media","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Intensity (physics); Beam (structure); Phase (matter); Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.010377912944521974,"score_gpt":0.21056228001467692,"score_spread":0.20018436707015494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194014323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95973545,0.0002934998,0.02773147,0.0017742768,0.00023832206,0.0001770672,0.000022383636,0.0000430403,0.0099845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99707097,0.00009050054,0.002185639,0.000105041465,0.000112197464,0.000014676755,0.000036455407,0.00002000872,0.00036451683],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895847,0.00002318804,0.0001954389,0.00027627355,0.00014652315,0.00040008014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948144,0.00010614101,0.000032350923,0.00018006789,0.000057333247,0.00014264233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000746857,0.00019629161,0.00022227572,0.000046490815,0.000044614455,0.00010236691,0.00010529329,0.00008969358,0.00013612446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022681736,0.00019834984,0.000044027114,0.00014372922,0.000025164016,0.000059453938,0.000054778033,0.0003181831,0.000015875288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013860942,0.0011806602,0.0036700673,0.00010434761,0.0002851253,0.00045091155,0.0014214016,0.0027786538,0.251606,0.70227414,0.0049494538,0.031140637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016332485,0.0006861128,0.00027594162,0.00016015414,0.000087557884,0.000023276993,0.0006078546,0.07923283,0.8966817,0.017042615,0.002464658,0.0011040153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008209254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059648964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68523157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000259778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000098026365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8088471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194171006","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2021.fw3o.3","title":"Ultrashort Pulse Compression via Metasurfaces","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrashort pulse; Dispersion (optics); Pulse compression; Materials science; Broadband; Optics; Prism compressor; Bandwidth-limited pulse; Compression (physics); Laser; Femtosecond pulse shaping; Pulse (music); Optoelectronics; Physics; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.014006393940388924,"score_gpt":0.24311803791523695,"score_spread":0.22911164397484804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194171006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94928634,0.00020497279,0.004753458,0.0007288288,0.00019795164,0.00014061308,0.00004464474,0.000042965607,0.04460022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960651,0.00010669357,0.0014716816,0.00013009059,0.000082855324,0.000009504708,0.000107569635,0.000019676865,0.0020068293],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988715,0.00004293114,0.0001946108,0.00032652743,0.00019990951,0.00036452283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933606,0.00005177496,0.0000685379,0.00026062466,0.00013168657,0.00015133974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007429933,0.00021683128,0.00025318403,0.000033242526,0.0001544053,0.00014313044,0.00011842459,0.0000544667,0.00053361634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000063861016,0.0001958352,0.00007274125,0.00012535031,0.00008060933,0.00010527011,0.000059845155,0.0002542069,0.000042773117],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000102656566,0.0010588854,0.016991898,0.00008635367,0.00051932817,0.00007785139,0.000414967,0.00033501541,0.45801216,0.46327913,0.0020945296,0.057027243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015167498,0.00073510216,0.0020572233,0.00016250803,0.00029458528,0.000019993695,0.001289586,0.04084762,0.8839288,0.06142286,0.006496916,0.0012280751],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017274737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030144365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4259166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014898907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008360459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79859275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194458687","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.127.083901","title":"Unveiling the Link between Airy-like Self-Acceleration and Diametric Drive Acceleration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Project 211; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Acceleration; Pulse (music); Physics; Nonlinear system; Classical mechanics; Optics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015723810442826523,"score_gpt":0.2737370713883778,"score_spread":0.25801326094555127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194458687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9601061,0.0046670027,0.004603411,0.028927526,0.00017776503,0.0005585974,0.000016960212,0.000057564364,0.00088507193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99299866,0.00059246545,0.00057326956,0.003557262,0.0020750377,0.000047536734,0.000104353436,0.000020078516,0.00003135251],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897724,0.00011239832,0.00022772694,0.0002719686,0.00021450492,0.00019613218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992866,0.0001996316,0.000108378874,0.00026065626,0.00007901688,0.00006572731],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001250085,0.00016546488,0.0002743431,0.000021318538,0.00015617129,0.00012970735,0.000115052266,0.000009120403,0.000063460706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021100313,0.00012365829,0.00012204598,0.0004784131,0.000038308528,0.00020446983,0.00009687691,0.00022648807,0.00008158727],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000095422965,0.00071640214,0.09733305,0.0031794743,0.0016403925,0.000030097443,0.0034210081,0.0005911874,0.07511508,0.046253633,0.02072135,0.7509888],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046009496,0.00060518185,0.1946773,0.0054215617,0.005953229,0.000018470004,0.00088693766,0.04245276,0.08017348,0.021770647,0.6375627,0.0058767814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010995735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.933431e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.745112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029047264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031706815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5042639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200233662","doi":"10.1364/ol.438534","title":"Designing optical fields in inhomogeneous media","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Helmholtz equation; Optics; Field (mathematics); Computer science; Helmholtz free energy; Phase (matter); Amplitude; Optical vortex; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008998041359928297,"score_gpt":0.21480664760258278,"score_spread":0.20580860624265448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3200233662","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9538398,0.000047946254,0.029619968,0.002452374,0.00036184426,0.00006858819,0.0000067543965,0.000021196278,0.013581531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95966095,0.0000025933298,0.039037835,0.00076995644,0.00030045674,0.000009558315,0.000033277796,0.00002094307,0.00016445329],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906784,0.00002908504,0.00020358959,0.0002183866,0.00016874744,0.00031234525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951226,0.00012304289,0.00003207264,0.0002208767,0.00003070412,0.000081071834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008420137,0.00012988393,0.00015582435,0.000045996614,0.000038929764,0.0000667681,0.00011993045,0.000044507407,0.00026471223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002382816,0.00014261728,0.00007191235,0.00016918941,0.000047104804,0.00006447078,0.00010069931,0.00023807693,0.00007075739],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053831027,0.0015056795,0.15093811,0.00011312646,0.00046435886,0.0046769115,0.006195946,0.025834434,0.5458712,0.22260676,0.0066770916,0.035062563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005037096,0.00018293473,0.012271151,0.0003475616,0.00025692655,0.0001255584,0.0054629887,0.014583111,0.9276621,0.024911778,0.005982703,0.0031761357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012398066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008229547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38179088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041127438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5815764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3202180862","doi":"10.1063/5.0062924","title":"Perfect optical coherence lattices","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Fourier transform; Lattice (music); Optics; Physics; Degree of coherence; Structuring; Optical lattice; Beam (structure); Computer science; Topology (electrical circuits); Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.009791597066028402,"score_gpt":0.22246869248686973,"score_spread":0.21267709542084134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3202180862","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90355766,0.000015272755,0.010277839,0.0006442127,0.00016737032,0.000118702315,0.000014984871,0.000050280465,0.085153654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949006,4.58011e-7,0.0030552328,0.0010099332,0.00066321366,0.000037064794,0.000072838266,0.000028821305,0.00023184481],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989899,0.000015689982,0.00014790645,0.00031569018,0.00021589208,0.00031492655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994175,0.000079415586,0.000055167908,0.0003318999,0.000032608023,0.00008342614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045602897,0.00018043222,0.00018468837,0.000010829165,0.00009714795,0.000099116325,0.00016266367,0.00002348026,0.00038694873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014751515,0.00018744201,0.00010388745,0.00017669349,0.00009518076,0.00008568763,0.00012120105,0.00021031538,0.0004503911],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006255945,0.00021914204,0.0039365897,0.000020372285,0.00014064921,0.000014231295,0.00024143362,0.0005434657,0.59623617,0.38472867,0.0023020755,0.011610965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012501337,0.000035196877,0.0025412461,0.00003543429,0.00018577556,0.000003396123,0.00073413557,0.00028360292,0.96587944,0.019148923,0.008810886,0.0010918546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008848703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.9321347e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36964324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019564855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035739886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7643663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209826280","doi":"10.1038/s41467-021-26253-4","title":"Structuring total angular momentum of light along the propagation direction with polarization-controlled meta-optics","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; National Science Foundation; Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Defense; Office of Naval Research; Harvard University","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Wavefront; Polarization (electrochemistry); Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum of light; Structured light; Optics; Optical vortex; Ray; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Vortex; Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum coupling; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.008885285274802838,"score_gpt":0.23841320690132578,"score_spread":0.22952792162652294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209826280","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9023428,0.015715841,0.011043633,0.022667943,0.0008632559,0.0030199287,0.0002285891,0.00020292679,0.043915074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99285024,0.00001722457,0.0058016707,0.000027633916,0.00007677007,0.00009093102,0.00022650704,0.000019429262,0.00088957325],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990299,0.00015995534,0.00028852615,0.00015013345,0.00024078571,0.00013074778],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99801093,0.00014358024,0.00024271672,0.0011529262,0.00041696103,0.000032855813],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001586749,0.00014232523,0.00026366222,0.000050691768,0.0003337799,0.00006970663,0.0003597349,0.000073850984,0.000081111655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003834382,0.00009287718,0.00016103951,0.0004154323,0.0000800755,0.00016702541,0.00019162215,0.00048630396,0.0000022654297],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007834145,0.0009479943,0.02370473,0.000051022485,0.006884278,0.0000023304947,0.0015316822,0.0013875216,0.06976291,0.89322186,0.00028038205,0.002146973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013806108,0.00043255495,0.10023186,0.00030433672,0.019029588,0.00009158558,0.009622559,0.033499736,0.7664212,0.03813736,0.015993677,0.0024294346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031196825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000088411245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8550845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028109935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008843425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37874216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212126214","doi":"10.1364/dh.2021.dw5e.5","title":"Structured Light: Engineering the Phase and Amplitude of Light in a Simple Medium","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"OSA Imaging and Applied Optics Congress 2021 (3D, COSI, DH, ISA, pcAOP)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Amplitude; Phase (matter); Computer science; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.004327440171016416,"score_gpt":0.22374969847361603,"score_spread":0.21942225830259962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212126214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98775095,0.0018484718,0.0026077486,0.0013958111,0.0005644673,0.0005024388,0.00021770573,0.000040615963,0.0050717867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964222,0.000053336003,0.0029060496,0.00006718367,0.00024561584,0.00004528519,0.00008148034,0.00004677605,0.00013209827],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99831665,0.00003210632,0.00045061606,0.00047699412,0.0002673124,0.00045632932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989923,0.00015743253,0.00015788742,0.00044696525,0.000101373014,0.0001440286],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018466897,0.00034632915,0.00046639287,0.000090572044,0.00013904707,0.0002450829,0.00020659996,0.000058822086,0.00013917057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020611338,0.0002991668,0.00006884639,0.00027708744,0.00014056887,0.000109905784,0.00034418324,0.0003812095,0.0000036789677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017300971,0.0012380785,0.028469006,0.00072642195,0.00088678446,0.00022164319,0.007031307,0.0017695649,0.78378004,0.10785359,0.0015005382,0.06635001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0116192615,0.00012865597,0.0025088722,0.00054856244,0.0006445534,0.000072849376,0.011068464,0.045956112,0.86831015,0.011396042,0.045382645,0.0023638366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021049704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011989189,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09645755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024058965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007123258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212558874","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202100337","title":"Interpolarization Forward Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Standard Single‐Mode Fibers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser & Photonics Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Azrieli Foundation; European Research Council; Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities","keywords":"Brillouin scattering; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Optics; Single-mode optical fiber; Scattering; Mode coupling; Azimuth; Acoustic wave; Optical fiber; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009765633340572998,"score_gpt":0.268040712395577,"score_spread":0.25827507905500396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212558874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91825837,0.043068368,0.00996095,0.0021188748,0.0009806955,0.00194629,0.0004690755,0.00016935205,0.023028009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903371,0.0028412258,0.004115746,0.0011187269,0.000056549725,0.00004983872,0.00055407034,0.00007145724,0.00085533515],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986419,0.000075310294,0.0004527876,0.0003228805,0.00021273897,0.00029436103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927586,0.000033119984,0.00012425966,0.0003729646,0.00011175661,0.00008200664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000163505,0.00020162483,0.000415064,0.00004278785,0.000044870856,0.00007728653,0.00014544175,0.000039960243,0.0008721255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022841057,0.00020975269,0.00016064299,0.00041792638,0.000027099684,0.00016420225,0.00015002543,0.00019894147,0.000066004606],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004602215,0.0061879363,0.14498524,0.03487381,0.003131552,0.0010925926,0.005894057,0.027222876,0.22716789,0.039776977,0.01995546,0.4892514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004693791,0.00041276665,0.00081668544,0.03378085,0.00078768306,0.000039051865,0.00045049566,0.035591118,0.27357426,0.011517412,0.635358,0.0029779195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005914552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003742082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6154025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001447475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009836381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95491624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3213080717","doi":"10.1063/5.0068183","title":"Trapping positions in a dual-beam optical trap","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Beam (structure); Optics; Trap (plumbing); Perpendicular; Range (aeronautics); Particle (ecology); Optical power; Physics; Materials science; Laser","score_opus":0.009881579932779628,"score_gpt":0.23599591884499882,"score_spread":0.2261143389122192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3213080717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93564063,0.000045692,0.008834612,0.00021314212,0.00017423586,0.00007830588,0.000011942143,0.0000066387897,0.054994788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99615604,0.0000038727967,0.0029453472,0.00007264668,0.0007304268,0.00000396069,0.0000102441545,0.000017023378,0.00006042149],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906427,0.000011224491,0.000378636,0.00011181238,0.0002294752,0.00020455787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994663,0.000056346154,0.00016031928,0.00012907654,0.000097851356,0.00009011237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009946018,0.00012116885,0.00025806073,0.000043214088,0.00004613804,0.000053666266,0.00007446669,0.00003105984,0.00010704191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019804165,0.000120348144,0.00017349036,0.0002908743,0.000038695656,0.00011750734,0.000037613372,0.00037006725,0.000016603719],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094661315,0.0032368358,0.00096772274,0.000050237148,0.00047796342,0.00028791986,0.0027035915,0.03080157,0.29726753,0.642278,0.0010646605,0.020769265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004512347,0.00024474322,0.0037954275,0.00024517864,0.00030079155,0.00011529723,0.005635449,0.0026364513,0.6059907,0.37118614,0.004481723,0.00085577345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001496235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.515045e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30872315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003828302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011766022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49076548},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214377893","doi":"10.1364/ol.445258","title":"Twist phase and classical entanglement of partially coherent light","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Wigner distribution function; Twist; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Squashed entanglement; Gaussian; Phase space; Phase (matter); Multipartite entanglement","score_opus":0.008758101849611013,"score_gpt":0.2480098896453607,"score_spread":0.23925178779574968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3214377893","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836357,0.000062408806,0.0045437794,0.0066097914,0.00022143597,0.00011215101,0.0000604226,0.000010715313,0.004743599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951845,0.000003781596,0.0038474342,0.000346779,0.00019258512,0.000010151251,0.000057444544,0.000014773417,0.0003425609],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992229,0.000023532302,0.00022100743,0.00017701258,0.0001708686,0.00018471957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958545,0.0000248996,0.00007329457,0.00019045542,0.00004071688,0.00008517318],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048680246,0.00011393109,0.00016025256,0.000018761124,0.00003707208,0.000042938784,0.000066536406,0.000017846623,0.0003430139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033444037,0.00011213269,0.00006869839,0.00006435464,0.00006949924,0.000044038472,0.00010051634,0.00008940868,0.000011694003],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003732671,0.0019352552,0.014616622,0.00008184207,0.00043452624,0.000105651816,0.0007845408,0.00011552805,0.842455,0.12011204,0.009395885,0.009925771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0061973035,0.0004448875,0.0010055734,0.00013297293,0.00038159898,0.000011234495,0.0013631927,0.0041995435,0.8637988,0.002267149,0.119337864,0.00085988804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003877018,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016005325,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11784489,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017640446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026606149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45726386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3215053025","doi":"10.1364/nlo.2021.nm1b.4","title":"Unifying Airy-Like Self-Acceleration and Diametric Drive Acceleration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Acceleration; Physics; Nonlinear system; Optical fiber; Optics; Self-phase modulation; Nonlinear optics; Ultrafast optics; Computer science; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.009719679607263568,"score_gpt":0.22883854870359216,"score_spread":0.2191188690963286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3215053025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9352332,0.000113686845,0.019707836,0.00028243155,0.00024389094,0.00014545891,0.000006240407,0.00007570238,0.04419155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892657,0.000012346793,0.008140374,0.00009707014,0.000193242,0.000011078368,0.00007477883,0.000012527829,0.0021928758],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993679,0.000026038608,0.00014447642,0.00020335602,0.00011744156,0.00014078734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996349,0.0000356485,0.00004390733,0.00013550273,0.00009426298,0.00005578353],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000052928703,0.0001017388,0.00009950075,0.000056461755,0.00012343751,0.00019559846,0.000041791907,0.000028753893,0.00067045377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004537613,0.00010020761,0.00003566605,0.00028842344,0.000012387592,0.0002873521,0.00007285181,0.00008374673,0.00004107794],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011771727,0.0010490398,0.3261282,0.00010288165,0.00044587426,0.00002610225,0.0029040927,0.00034873857,0.04718791,0.51243156,0.004142929,0.1052209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006343568,0.00056860765,0.18759502,0.00011441715,0.00054092077,0.00003640432,0.0153569225,0.08402572,0.5769609,0.058460318,0.06656855,0.0034286464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003669628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067015435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.529773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024714309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046535744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73409986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216489566","doi":"10.1117/12.2607123","title":"Orientation of crossing mode micro cylinders in linearly polarized optical tweezers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optical force; Torque; Optics; Physics; Cylinder; Maxwell stress tensor; Pressure-gradient force; Rotation (mathematics); Stress (linguistics); Dielectric; Mechanics; Cauchy stress tensor; Classical mechanics; Optoelectronics; Mechanical engineering; Geometry; Engineering","score_opus":0.009745835190550615,"score_gpt":0.27382551882448664,"score_spread":0.264079683633936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216489566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9557807,0.000015439478,0.034037087,0.00014369146,0.000095328825,0.00006124827,0.000013019486,0.000008644751,0.009844867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97466993,3.10682e-7,0.024434054,0.000029223771,0.00004921835,0.0000022567322,0.000049480765,0.000009920331,0.0007556199],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932086,0.000019214995,0.0002301439,0.00015243614,0.00011731362,0.00016004372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999692,0.00003491028,0.000044824006,0.00012579912,0.000060869348,0.000041571173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059268208,0.00007883013,0.00013528575,0.00003844633,0.0000372659,0.00007522319,0.00005342362,0.000031354284,0.00022154006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009091567,0.000080101025,0.00006676216,0.0001797924,0.00007286126,0.00011649214,0.00004489331,0.00010439539,0.0000110282335],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048225054,0.0006256508,0.1912283,0.000033905944,0.00008949985,0.000014241535,0.0022990548,0.00082736555,0.7217328,0.078916095,0.00003826304,0.0041465824],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026693745,0.000056837318,0.01220423,0.00005104009,0.000038937327,0.000001783784,0.005873621,0.00963082,0.9597746,0.009138371,0.00022913227,0.00033123727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003225078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011870222,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2380418,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025240879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000120478864,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32664248},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216806978","doi":"10.1364/nlo.2021.ntu2a.2","title":"Nonlinear hollow beam generation in plasmonic nanosuspensions","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Beam (structure); Plasmon; Materials science; Optics; Nonlinear system; Self-phase modulation; Phase modulation; Modulation (music); Nonlinear optics; Laser beam quality; Optoelectronics; Phase (matter); Physics; Laser beams; Phase noise","score_opus":0.014623546391835414,"score_gpt":0.23966117507678195,"score_spread":0.22503762868494653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216806978","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97603077,0.000027785547,0.00036954466,0.0002668742,0.00016792845,0.000056541376,0.000009253431,0.000012297099,0.023058986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871027,0.0000023236978,0.0046825525,0.00007766784,0.00019522954,0.0000069197504,0.00017184512,0.00000972158,0.007751074],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994762,0.000013609419,0.0001321522,0.00015168593,0.00008649688,0.00013985341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973685,0.000012981007,0.000019380615,0.00015572953,0.00003828861,0.00003680448],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003556706,0.000071959854,0.00008523238,0.000026865908,0.000041865675,0.00003543572,0.000045100678,0.000022196631,0.0014626047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004307563,0.0000695861,0.000048388796,0.00014890365,0.000011736299,0.00007265564,0.0000556467,0.00008308204,0.00016812938],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009729895,0.002349067,0.16424899,0.00001645657,0.00013183267,0.00013933373,0.00057669554,0.0055042515,0.65150845,0.15312925,0.014340868,0.008045056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007864099,0.000039800423,0.0022131773,0.000012392291,0.000016160262,0.0000029134587,0.0005834442,0.02085455,0.96209306,0.0020022807,0.01110812,0.0002877173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043872704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000075553624,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31058457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017559565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006240759,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3217290682","doi":"10.1109/ecoc52684.2021.9605989","title":"Ring-Core Fibers Supporting Propagation of OAM Modes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Core (optical fiber); Mode (computer interface); Multiplexing; Ring (chemistry); Physics; Optics; Division (mathematics); Optical fiber; Computer science; Topology (electrical circuits); Telecommunications; Engineering; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.014472201649048685,"score_gpt":0.2615082445017941,"score_spread":0.2470360428527454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3217290682","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8821691,0.000008498013,0.007743719,0.000080119244,0.000041151477,0.00005586837,0.0000062884264,0.000015403471,0.109879844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99052393,2.1986526e-7,0.0048933104,0.000011695729,0.000058016223,0.00000386359,0.00003444602,0.000007351299,0.00446716],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995357,0.000006283699,0.00015655353,0.00010152402,0.00009225093,0.00010773278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970263,0.000012565937,0.0000705083,0.0001178947,0.0000706912,0.000025708145],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048656395,0.000054278506,0.00007971585,0.00001381361,0.000026222213,0.00001403407,0.000041546577,0.000011741149,0.0009145015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000056235704,0.000049979197,0.00005148042,0.00007635407,0.000017515102,0.000071030285,0.000047089365,0.000041516283,0.000017301441],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006753424,0.00033206554,0.13056847,0.000108444154,0.00013056134,0.000007610908,0.00077543163,0.0012938174,0.15939762,0.68052673,0.00062647817,0.026226036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003015722,0.00003621607,0.0022003814,0.00003222172,0.00002862936,0.0000012210782,0.0029781673,0.015126958,0.9556561,0.0230826,0.00037735704,0.00017854631],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031178028,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015624873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7962585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007668299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038457296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200416982","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09363","title":"Temperature-Controlled Dual-Beam Optical Trap for Single Particle Studies of Organic Aerosol","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Aerosol; Supercooling; Particle (ecology); Metastability; Materials science; Evaporation; Beam (structure); Optical tweezers; Raman scattering; Trapping; Scattering; Wavelength; Optics; Raman spectroscopy; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.015037469278647592,"score_gpt":0.26435150079654585,"score_spread":0.24931403151789824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200416982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99825317,0.00040626607,0.0001590268,0.0004590983,0.000039184604,0.000094899704,0.0000106650195,0.000003965084,0.00057372457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985125,0.0000039088854,0.00009669691,0.000021463784,0.00091683416,0.00000542614,0.0000024893827,0.00001458919,0.0004260832],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990989,0.000030989275,0.00037261576,0.00008776956,0.00022284465,0.00018688418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99859625,0.00049774145,0.0002567686,0.00017691542,0.00039838694,0.00007393903],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019291943,0.0001342445,0.0004837647,0.0000042398747,0.00006703399,0.000023193546,0.00014260918,0.000025467718,0.000063412605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011747773,0.00008457411,0.00033558812,0.0001117933,0.00013455191,0.000066978064,0.000059758928,0.00020730714,0.0000020854984],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020811142,0.0008127819,0.000014795628,0.00005347903,0.0004950498,0.000003899811,0.0005251254,0.0002828928,0.99689335,0.00049796543,0.00013826313,0.00007431897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023367496,0.0001904999,0.0000058150817,0.000047511956,0.00032730933,0.00001710167,0.0018003745,0.0002021607,0.9927656,0.002186449,0.000031432,0.00008897109],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":2.248243e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.781546e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041276915,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023758586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000078042154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3448832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205922930","doi":"10.1364/fio.2021.jth5a.106","title":"Generation of Volumetrically-Full Poincaré Beams","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Optics + Laser Science 2021","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Beam (structure); Polarization (electrochemistry); Poincaré conjecture; Optics; Physics; Computer science; Mathematical physics","score_opus":0.012962064398061678,"score_gpt":0.23837526797311093,"score_spread":0.22541320357504924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205922930","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79689395,0.00032047761,0.1829449,0.00037413018,0.002900703,0.00018142702,0.00004856268,0.000011125715,0.016324757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7944321,0.000017855871,0.20340112,0.000038155784,0.00024382895,0.000009508836,0.00004017894,0.000013872079,0.0018033513],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830496,0.000036334262,0.0003504424,0.0004051758,0.00053039426,0.000372666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899226,0.000022751166,0.00011313875,0.00043120421,0.00032131575,0.0001193311],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039615386,0.00013696996,0.0002427835,0.0002523418,0.00010679704,0.00011810112,0.00037195932,0.000042439704,0.00022175776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009380707,0.0001457131,0.00008821485,0.0020837213,0.00033244974,0.0003412378,0.00023045,0.00016298916,0.000016420247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048240134,0.0042648935,0.5205526,0.000114334216,0.00027471903,0.00016546107,0.0030842253,0.023787826,0.14081839,0.09702235,0.02506891,0.18479806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015923735,0.0003407275,0.0048643104,0.00008581958,0.00009128763,0.00000673931,0.004895056,0.5248104,0.44266596,0.014805426,0.004834408,0.0010075056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024195519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004193241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5156883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001101578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041013773,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5942008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206610063","doi":"10.1364/oe.446756","title":"Accessible high-performance double nanohole tweezers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Human Frontier Science Program","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Tweezers; Polarization (electrochemistry); Microscopy; Substrate (aquarium); Scanning electron microscope; Optical microscope; Diffraction","score_opus":0.01146078939109938,"score_gpt":0.2338399930814913,"score_spread":0.22237920369039194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206610063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9304415,0.000038163067,0.0005179291,0.00009785602,0.0007035439,0.00018466605,0.00007388568,0.0000569386,0.06788552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851043,0.0000027024514,0.0023449238,0.00005350993,0.00023618598,0.00016561754,0.000093333554,0.000038731814,0.011960694],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987738,0.000022490642,0.00021018705,0.00026852867,0.00035394134,0.00037106464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932706,0.000020749998,0.00010450933,0.0004205951,0.000040315084,0.000086763655],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000118196156,0.00016846629,0.00016604553,0.00006171051,0.00044653422,0.00010488483,0.00049547164,0.000020627862,0.0020882085],"category_scores_gemma":[7.681594e-7,0.0001803323,0.00006391248,0.00021772261,0.000049414535,0.00025252564,0.000594925,0.00026423734,0.0001007089],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047458886,0.0031654893,0.1007925,0.00023373232,0.0006760978,0.000053369775,0.0035025878,0.20801361,0.08820686,0.5479991,0.029213049,0.017669061],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010608205,0.0010153916,0.0032137053,0.00008559537,0.00026067154,0.000014571397,0.0057076328,0.029086972,0.65601397,0.016658645,0.27414197,0.0031926672],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000086687585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.8776609e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56780714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005175912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047722257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206921199","doi":"10.3791/4424-v","title":"Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Optical force; Particle (ecology); Dielectric; Physics; Aperture (computer memory); Optical power; Tweezers; Electric field; Molecular physics; Optics; Nanoparticle; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.02115480181597779,"score_gpt":0.37567500593211994,"score_spread":0.35452020411614216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206921199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994782,0.000171532,0.001401691,0.00007469101,0.00018454794,0.00009087763,0.0000012427084,0.0000039696984,0.003289491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945494,0.0000023385107,0.005141224,0.000021632473,0.00013978808,0.00000505277,7.467634e-7,0.000012420438,0.00012741653],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989143,0.000032852608,0.00053407473,0.000068679336,0.00027830125,0.00017179761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992776,0.000033677636,0.0003254732,0.000101047124,0.00014930834,0.000112883565],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011665144,0.00010034798,0.00025969782,0.00006613379,0.000028770395,0.000034607056,0.00015178477,0.000022402806,0.0012354464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009041534,0.00008100586,0.00015577169,0.00008504103,0.000057726375,0.0002512431,0.000043106338,0.00008617188,0.000036701706],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025955407,0.0005639575,0.0031421278,0.0000077257655,0.0001643969,0.0000022083902,0.00070666615,0.000010167539,0.9848994,0.007381189,0.00065809354,0.0024381161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011219564,0.00021323698,0.00091907807,0.00005013451,0.00002479372,0.0000039369124,0.0015028247,0.00012475361,0.99326366,0.0023262613,0.00035633464,0.00009300453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016164207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7434589e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008364289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018297902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003055398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210489223","doi":"10.1109/cscn53733.2021.9686136","title":"Parabolic Reflector-Based Mode Multiplexing Architecture for Next Generation Wireless Backhaul Links","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexing; Wireless; Backhaul (telecommunications); Electronic engineering; Transmission (telecommunications); Computer science; Angular momentum; Spectral efficiency; Channel (broadcasting); Physics; Optics; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.04242346914273399,"score_gpt":0.2941857135596911,"score_spread":0.2517622444169571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210489223","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5417191,0.000055924298,0.45406923,0.0007341799,0.0002350559,0.0002635936,0.000079049154,0.000052487943,0.0027913908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.952798,7.6626554e-7,0.043779295,0.00034640197,0.00094512186,0.00007974644,0.00064529944,0.000033138807,0.0013721997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990847,0.00003199147,0.00019593946,0.00029207757,0.00012560954,0.00026965066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994221,0.000063128435,0.000056570836,0.00026115717,0.00012027912,0.00007681177],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049174203,0.00016357789,0.00016739834,0.000033824417,0.00013619542,0.00012677893,0.00009470516,0.00008234507,0.00029066086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000068630115,0.0001538301,0.0001472818,0.00011780789,0.000022028598,0.00008108486,0.000034913835,0.00019906889,0.000020444633],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003333527,0.00039165973,0.002167169,0.00006801164,0.00013695621,0.000004474675,0.00038759696,0.056273226,0.82668823,0.06775863,0.001837584,0.044253133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010487871,0.00004982137,0.00006901626,0.000021122498,0.000029898323,8.026027e-7,0.00016158012,0.47569966,0.50784457,0.004710566,0.010022593,0.00034159975],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056221597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056289402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41942644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025638981,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010745169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6273009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211041720","doi":"10.1139/cjp-2019-0066","title":"Influence of anisotropic ocean turbulence on effective radius of curvature of partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beam","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Turbulence; Anisotropy; Beam (structure); Rayleigh length; RADIUS; Gaussian beam; Curvature; Huygens–Fresnel principle; Gaussian; Computational physics; Optics; Classical mechanics; Mechanics; Geometry; Quantum mechanics; Laser beams","score_opus":0.004560071583769779,"score_gpt":0.20311582558983338,"score_spread":0.1985557540060636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211041720","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99819815,0.00013786998,0.00008385028,0.000053954296,0.00016508682,0.00017581123,0.0007312374,0.0000014766737,0.00045256855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99962634,0.0000013649787,0.00009756452,0.000032477226,0.0001564334,0.0000034400498,0.000016495718,0.000018049695,0.000047829442],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988193,0.000080868114,0.0004348141,0.000117525495,0.0003201351,0.00022737058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984535,0.00007930415,0.00078176794,0.00022367998,0.00023178218,0.00022997863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011580744,0.00015218642,0.0003804226,0.000095314135,0.0000814142,0.000009444102,0.00036583084,0.0000259066,0.00022635539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016452297,0.00014873587,0.00019727267,0.00029375145,0.00016370807,0.00011035351,0.00003766136,0.00039421342,0.0000011773536],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028664884,0.0013894904,0.22569881,0.00045275688,0.0015992463,0.00013736081,0.007606195,0.6147168,0.02179681,0.092518695,0.006292802,0.027504327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0074432744,0.015882608,0.3044583,0.0023887174,0.0011650678,0.000061974264,0.0051445807,0.0015616881,0.57487756,0.06488046,0.020032426,0.0021033299],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009730781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000081395716,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6131552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012183607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072773336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60652727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4211208475","doi":"10.1109/ccnc49033.2022.9700540","title":"Performance Evaluation of Orbital Angular Momentum Mode Multiplexing Systems Impaired by Phase Noise","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexing; Angular momentum; Physics; Interference (communication); Phase noise; Noise (video); Mode (computer interface); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Topology (electrical circuits); Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging); Electronic engineering; Optics; Computer science; Telecommunications; Mathematics; Engineering; Total angular momentum quantum number; Orbital angular momentum of light; Quantum mechanics; Combinatorics","score_opus":0.01763665602825066,"score_gpt":0.27851027586709365,"score_spread":0.260873619838843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4211208475","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99214166,0.00015403803,0.0010297219,0.0000224153,0.00029813303,0.0005688976,0.00038629465,0.00003328368,0.005365561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99804384,5.11252e-7,0.00014483671,0.000004917551,0.000076708566,0.00023687126,0.00043603918,0.000023729623,0.0010325714],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99828047,0.00010800402,0.00036099812,0.00022358279,0.00078089384,0.00024604783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993267,0.000019801071,0.00018516196,0.0002718552,0.00013076655,0.00006573732],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054992636,0.00015226119,0.00019985167,0.00006921321,0.00019398543,0.000028550725,0.00018204005,0.000015962534,0.0011709849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004309672,0.0001537369,0.00009069014,0.00018502427,0.000032027117,0.00019991036,0.00015690023,0.00011752432,0.000011163741],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027134496,0.0065218545,0.045127515,0.00020750733,0.00077326444,0.0000045963134,0.003922522,0.49244046,0.40557975,0.010293288,0.013668969,0.021188937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002404633,0.00025757094,0.00008707482,0.000010039658,0.00006888093,0.0000015587526,0.0027145853,0.9773388,0.016298356,0.000121215264,0.0004908215,0.00020648647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035951362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.2786946e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48489833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014828361,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073436146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212828370","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-pzl3v-v2","title":"Enhanced optical force on mutilayered dielectric nanoparticles: Tuning material properties and nature of excitation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Excitation; Nanoparticle; Polarizability; Dielectric; Discrete dipole approximation; Materials science; Trapping; Dipole; Core (optical fiber); Shell (structure); Femtosecond; Nanotechnology; Optical tweezers; Optoelectronics; Molecular physics; Optics; Chemistry; Laser; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.014195677765686672,"score_gpt":0.2331648413237217,"score_spread":0.21896916355803503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4212828370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99505407,0.00011473892,0.0001494208,0.000058196925,0.0003361538,0.00028513366,0.000012340699,0.00002545865,0.003964492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988432,0.0000057837215,0.0003342549,0.000015836798,0.000175852,0.000108743116,0.00007646089,0.000028189417,0.00041170264],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902725,0.000028523918,0.000239857,0.00031230718,0.0001951016,0.00019698073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948865,0.00003007433,0.00014685628,0.00023780478,0.000049965052,0.000046654884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008658902,0.00019697394,0.00025520366,0.00005814513,0.00007309117,0.00005613916,0.00015329078,0.00011293288,0.00019787585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017485345,0.00018218032,0.00007476162,0.000082796105,0.000067230074,0.00004443545,0.00036127775,0.00048768157,0.0000026449284],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012637686,0.00015037459,0.00017549601,0.00021409798,0.000107679865,0.0000013189915,0.0007640654,0.000197997,0.9829691,0.013772736,0.000023650771,0.0014971165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025122217,0.00012352913,0.00042326076,0.00008989122,0.000047550173,2.638345e-7,0.0004749706,0.00089816714,0.9925243,0.0049142614,0.00003765812,0.00021489267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008487879,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.346047e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009555243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003943138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049952054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7429098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213123141","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-pzl3v","title":"Enhancing optical force on mutilayered dielectric nanoparticles: Tuning material properties and nature of excitation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Excitation; Nanoparticle; Dielectric; Polarizability; Discrete dipole approximation; Materials science; Trapping; Dipole; Core (optical fiber); Nanotechnology; Shell (structure); Femtosecond; Optical tweezers; Optical force; Optoelectronics; Optics; Laser; Chemistry; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.013808811618641805,"score_gpt":0.2306560975688054,"score_spread":0.2168472859501636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4213123141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967194,0.00014926212,0.00011542244,0.00005709851,0.00034674248,0.0002552015,0.000009795443,0.000025411206,0.0023216736],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99876374,0.0000046656473,0.0005181589,0.000016023152,0.00020560228,0.00008038958,0.000061668754,0.000029581848,0.00032017496],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899673,0.000029793702,0.0002619873,0.0003068717,0.0001989671,0.00020565293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994925,0.00003621275,0.00014996734,0.0002270158,0.000046624238,0.000047650778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000118999924,0.00019613918,0.00025518777,0.0000647093,0.00008498489,0.00006367037,0.0001441691,0.00011060311,0.00016705978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002122563,0.00018339243,0.00007444302,0.000082367624,0.000057226247,0.00004838268,0.00039638084,0.00052359543,0.0000023246275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089135974,0.00012852953,0.00052372896,0.00029588005,0.000108173495,0.000002214635,0.00091178494,0.0001733633,0.98517907,0.011667879,0.00001867364,0.00090154464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002062541,0.00010755234,0.00045212067,0.00013188952,0.000053164655,4.948302e-7,0.00069133326,0.0009260916,0.9928592,0.0043044523,0.000047335405,0.00022011805],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013061561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.042144e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0076801013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045150293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055700493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7478526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224090799","doi":"10.3390/mi13040608","title":"Simulation and Experiment of the Trapping Trajectory for Janus Particles in Linearly Polarized Optical Traps","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Micromachines","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Polarization (electrochemistry); Janus; Particle (ecology); Linear polarization; Optics; Laser; Refractive index; Position (finance); Materials science; Physics; Molecular physics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013735388783664848,"score_gpt":0.26287584468451614,"score_spread":0.2491404559008513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224090799","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974181,0.00019507195,0.0017626544,0.00016493339,0.00007092108,0.0002741935,0.000041206542,0.000005532058,0.00006740272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988061,1.3679154e-7,0.0010265864,0.000019164228,0.000039833965,0.0000492306,0.000008192058,0.000009177168,0.00004158379],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994914,0.00004028976,0.00017110405,0.00010939906,0.000076454904,0.0001113558],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997336,0.0001002053,0.000048829494,0.000088840854,0.000010655165,0.000017815737],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000109098844,0.00007229717,0.00010984846,0.000028008479,0.000103136976,0.000014023149,0.00007810951,0.000010227274,0.000031304346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006135166,0.000057854944,0.00006585184,0.00007786925,0.000039550614,0.000036191297,0.00006121181,0.00007625971,1.4799737e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007803034,0.0003865596,0.040686797,0.00002215654,0.000042301377,3.8549882e-7,0.0033743945,0.0077114934,0.9395125,0.0036259803,0.000009132808,0.004550299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008240913,0.0006875542,0.12576737,0.000057464942,0.00013705691,0.0000035234475,0.005878705,0.34996182,0.49211952,0.012889618,0.003491215,0.0007652413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007443491,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036760869,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44739297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015068251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015275633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23592563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225281002","doi":"10.1103/physreva.105.053501","title":"Inhibition of the phase conjugation of orbital angular momentum superpositions in cylindrical vector beams during stimulated Brillouin scattering","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Beam (structure); Brillouin scattering; Brillouin zone; Scattering; Quantum electrodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Laser; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009223789099283428,"score_gpt":0.31211001644419145,"score_spread":0.302886227344908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225281002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925553,0.0043737213,0.00015235679,0.0005882872,0.000094280746,0.0015809832,0.00029016408,0.00002173165,0.0003431341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99853206,0.00049520517,0.000038125687,0.00011910371,0.0001812914,0.000364292,0.00020848574,0.000042491334,0.000018941622],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970075,0.00040126342,0.0009647232,0.00045596663,0.0007800685,0.0003904647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99847364,0.00015503609,0.00052774255,0.00059080456,0.0001332421,0.00011955329],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028565465,0.00034452078,0.0011108889,0.000067634246,0.00016911289,0.000014669967,0.00035403034,0.000018760595,0.0002029404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008374403,0.0002856517,0.00080214627,0.0012257083,0.00018964,0.00021432489,0.00048067098,0.00052769674,0.000021139962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061917926,0.007092132,0.0021948407,0.005841774,0.00017886749,0.0000106310445,0.0004586663,0.0006103066,0.9634007,0.016894374,0.00016564302,0.0030901171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00944162,0.0024077853,0.017935995,0.039462715,0.002786126,0.000032620024,0.00042748704,0.028225256,0.84530765,0.04897426,0.0021968938,0.0028016039],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000067253655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.086149e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.118093096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016411344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007209167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226055180","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-09251-4","title":"Deciphering single- and multi-particle trapping dynamics under femtosecond pulsed excitation with simultaneous spatial and temporal resolution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Femtosecond; Trapping; Temporal resolution; Excitation; Dynamics (music); Particle (ecology); Resolution (logic); Optical tweezers; Physics; Materials science; Computer science; Optics; Laser; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Ecology; Acoustics","score_opus":0.012941554659267194,"score_gpt":0.21946576070571647,"score_spread":0.20652420604644928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226055180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.967729,0.00004632308,0.031062374,0.00006251671,0.0005824356,0.00022292286,0.000008337294,0.000027262837,0.00025882674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970161,8.377172e-8,0.0018208763,0.0000068662494,0.000029896388,0.000019618674,0.00009403646,0.000015992799,0.0009965746],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881715,0.00003567115,0.00024403293,0.0004281503,0.0002591897,0.00021583105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994605,0.00003468084,0.00017035975,0.00020654556,0.00004921306,0.00007866268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032884761,0.00010919725,0.000107766755,0.000049352213,0.0006037095,0.0002765922,0.000038955208,0.000014264566,0.000084572996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011619133,0.00010911518,0.000022664295,0.00019100327,0.00015751427,0.00015562765,0.00010138513,0.00010205058,7.331265e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023986,0.001768202,0.5241582,0.00014517318,0.0002940014,0.000789254,0.010036888,0.15724179,0.20503326,0.0043030563,0.00015838293,0.095831975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00089693937,0.00024217932,0.005551558,0.000027368009,0.000051673735,0.00012347526,0.0071121426,0.97245985,0.0038501902,0.008162724,0.0010740439,0.00044785722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001568558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001804902,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81521803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008039846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041324893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46433064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226206968","doi":"10.1364/ofc.2022.w3e.5","title":"Modal Loss Characterisation of Thick Ring Core Fiber Using Perfect Vortex Beams","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2022","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Crosstalk; Demultiplexer; Modal; Core (optical fiber); Physics; Fiber; Graded-index fiber; Dispersion-shifted fiber; Angular momentum; Optics; Optical fiber; Materials science; Computer science; Fiber optic sensor; Telecommunications; Multiplexing; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.038620853586505875,"score_gpt":0.27930614503978085,"score_spread":0.24068529145327497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226206968","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97268116,0.00007467952,0.0015501733,0.0005416771,0.000114542854,0.0003585145,0.00015320866,0.00004017045,0.02448585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99221617,0.000009363183,0.0050589917,0.000040369443,0.00006693659,0.00008812638,0.00050733594,0.00003440996,0.0019782716],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981806,0.00022005587,0.0005076024,0.0003069496,0.00047919413,0.0003055514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981801,0.00020789751,0.00029931922,0.0010079679,0.00020539788,0.000099332145],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044143354,0.00022054065,0.00031678224,0.000083932595,0.00050766516,0.00008395874,0.0007365956,0.000055084063,0.015037005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022593218,0.00024751414,0.00014790507,0.00027848795,0.0002129984,0.0002606621,0.0011192454,0.0006933094,0.000090499394],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002900421,0.00265137,0.039238323,0.00019525235,0.00073189946,0.000010089527,0.007619652,0.01436024,0.067550994,0.7873453,0.000368719,0.0796381],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0072189746,0.0017036669,0.047383133,0.0006194065,0.0012544184,0.00009791361,0.017450038,0.7192748,0.03652062,0.08973097,0.07346225,0.005283809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020067986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022867594,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70491457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013145215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015827702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231013288","doi":"10.1007/978-981-4560-75-7_8-1","title":"Localized Waves: Theory, Techniques and Applications","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.013625422479167175,"score_gpt":0.24713430862854496,"score_spread":0.2335088861493778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4231013288","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001040601,0.00040141237,0.022222135,0.000041712774,0.000019765677,0.00041868584,0.00007887223,0.00008905307,0.9767273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00081657496,0.000021977372,0.0030646008,0.000029326107,0.000532636,0.00008377221,0.0001400807,0.000052061227,0.995259],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993687,0.0000058746728,0.00016567398,0.00022998161,0.00011928588,0.000110452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994231,0.00002755561,0.00008207932,0.00030817935,0.00007038592,0.00008871584],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010085254,0.00020964893,0.0002080584,0.00004723452,0.00004319992,0.00003906992,0.00011526675,0.00009529661,0.0020015035],"category_scores_gemma":[4.7858737e-7,0.00017835034,0.000067637455,0.000010519749,0.00013033212,0.000035365985,0.0001301505,0.00015847561,0.00018588494],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000023741916,0.000011042397,0.0000043073996,0.000008800342,0.00005116325,6.301017e-7,0.000011761908,5.433571e-8,0.000002883005,0.94211596,0.0029760636,0.05481494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005318034,0.000014219342,5.058187e-8,0.000011943939,0.000028858065,8.8879784e-7,0.00002047111,0.0000025151407,0.00008086644,0.48111367,0.5185553,0.000118053],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008931316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.1866343e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5155792,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000199946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003569557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234125574","doi":"10.1002/9783527808465.emc2016.5812","title":"Diffraction holography for the phase retrieval of vortex beams","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Phase retrieval; Diffraction; Optics; Optical vortex; Holography; Physics; Phase (matter); Reference beam; Electron holography; Electron diffraction; Beam (structure); Fourier transform; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.009026500405812444,"score_gpt":0.28687652060400043,"score_spread":0.277850020198188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4234125574","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009914659,0.0017633251,0.004457334,0.00023135306,0.0043050675,0.0027270606,0.0030261583,0.00028000236,0.97329503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.031884454,0.00023539724,0.0014450267,0.00007903813,0.0038138812,0.000051275645,0.00016071231,0.0012135572,0.9611167],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838674,0.000022719198,0.00043387088,0.0005059476,0.00022597477,0.0004247309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99833536,0.000067583576,0.0009739854,0.00031890042,0.00021205774,0.00009213682],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002893,0.00044716027,0.0004326528,0.00018906302,0.00013387008,0.00011144656,0.00064198097,0.0001006075,0.001984988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002159289,0.0002918518,0.00033822926,0.00014117811,0.0004378295,0.000117201,0.0001711546,0.0002562259,0.0002972759],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024073604,0.00030242553,0.00044536276,0.00020487384,0.0005656389,0.0000014333388,0.0001411203,4.494221e-8,0.065115266,0.002491292,0.92162126,0.008870561],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020781066,0.00022900513,0.000073039984,0.00053930975,0.000260774,0.0000015502001,0.00013764486,0.000006891948,0.030706955,0.00021808033,0.9653194,0.00042926776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018370973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2304407e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04369813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019751556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037055757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234927136","doi":"10.1364/ol.398282","title":"Universal self-similar asymptotic behavior of optical bump spreading in random medium atop incoherent background: reply","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Definiteness; Physics; Optics; Statistical physics; Positive definiteness; Quantum mechanics; Positive-definite matrix","score_opus":0.01193340592349593,"score_gpt":0.2255656107132797,"score_spread":0.2136322047897838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4234927136","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98846066,0.000014294267,0.0040456853,0.0041941274,0.00024088872,0.000402497,0.000023291168,0.000044342214,0.0025742413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861604,0.0000034118273,0.012649081,0.0007758033,0.00028226085,0.000019641724,0.00003578304,0.00004405299,0.000029576198],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983498,0.000059688085,0.0004752146,0.00036337203,0.0003517822,0.00040013436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991732,0.00012961123,0.00015305796,0.00028953468,0.00004727352,0.00020732504],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015780792,0.00025794454,0.00041862196,0.00008267874,0.000047164947,0.00005200484,0.0003106983,0.000056887126,0.00015914024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013460759,0.00027241767,0.00016949023,0.00025540192,0.000118593685,0.00017339051,0.00019517526,0.00034730454,0.000044331562],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00078701973,0.0034988439,0.582866,0.0006728037,0.0013526571,0.0008659125,0.01258958,0.008471915,0.29131964,0.091369286,0.004367417,0.0018388872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.13727736,0.0063775023,0.1251384,0.0027638853,0.00889556,0.00012452419,0.052366905,0.15719782,0.45416632,0.0034190533,0.0355957,0.016676955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005050057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016211028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4577276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010203778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074820266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4237066405","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2021.ff2h.3","title":"Demonstration of the Space-Time Talbot Effect","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Talbot effect; Diffraction; Dispersion (optics); Lattice (music); Optics; Fresnel diffraction; Space time; Space (punctuation); Discretization; Physics; Spacetime; Spatial dispersion; Mathematics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.005641702030006769,"score_gpt":0.2101291015046126,"score_spread":0.2044873994746058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4237066405","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95005023,0.000037526646,0.00047822087,0.0008190975,0.00011445273,0.00013394663,0.000020115356,0.000010693811,0.048335724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971369,0.000013187316,0.00018428153,0.000038454273,0.000070605514,0.0000057433413,0.000019989622,0.000009922423,0.0025209514],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993083,0.00005347092,0.00013483618,0.00016681854,0.00014136109,0.00019523538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995028,0.00006289314,0.00007986781,0.00021798782,0.00008407294,0.00005241538],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007225388,0.0001321665,0.0001685042,0.000017618286,0.000073461604,0.00005574334,0.00009150454,0.00003982815,0.00012798507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000982644,0.000098265475,0.000075390155,0.00012336078,0.000094041934,0.000050071845,0.000048255486,0.00015713385,0.000016107768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042116215,0.0002085764,0.012418461,0.00005025488,0.00014509952,0.000004552366,0.0001357778,0.00007506936,0.28787345,0.6894751,0.00090775033,0.008663758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006838164,0.0005791853,0.0012956113,0.00008090009,0.00012248573,0.0000047271274,0.00018465916,0.010048452,0.9703863,0.015854983,0.00047330503,0.00028556143],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000075333537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018531634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6825129,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011308434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102327525,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.400715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4242684802","doi":"10.1002/9783527808465.emc2016.5893","title":"Towards <scp>EMCD</scp> with an electron vortex filter","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Electron; Physics; Scattering; Optics; Angular momentum; Vortex; Magnetic field; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.00587792852711787,"score_gpt":0.24157869870213772,"score_spread":0.23570077017501984,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4242684802","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.017832452,0.0003857652,0.00037697906,0.000038956823,0.00073582743,0.00070396165,0.00038717678,0.00045003174,0.97908884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008560426,0.000053441217,0.0030381603,0.00014071126,0.003285305,0.000042461525,0.00017163988,0.0019168789,0.98279095],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968203,0.00005257173,0.00044283873,0.0011405621,0.00044630433,0.0010974626],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981355,0.000019181642,0.000713629,0.00052681164,0.00023055272,0.00037429924],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025771325,0.000985882,0.00067181594,0.00027615528,0.0001515666,0.00052393664,0.001051854,0.00015929322,0.0033714112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000121215235,0.000725199,0.0001785875,0.00016318116,0.00036566,0.00037107736,0.00032455314,0.00056050596,0.0042386893],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002779459,0.0002141327,0.0017249448,0.00015213781,0.00040861906,0.000024880934,0.00039243163,6.7267656e-8,0.01905418,0.0034659605,0.97272927,0.0018055947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010815206,0.0004951233,0.00014390727,0.0009306928,0.00015795568,0.000010300833,0.0001677014,0.000003909652,0.031058824,0.00020971171,0.9651839,0.00055644097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007074344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036421627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012004644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000073933115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015168809,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4243391400","doi":"10.1149/ma2010-01/19/1051","title":"Magnetically Driven Scanning Microlens for Out-of-Plane In Vivo Medical Imaging","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Microlens; In vivo; Plane (geometry); Optics; Biomedical engineering; Materials science; Computer science; Physics; Medicine; Lens (geology); Biology; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.006214855039370947,"score_gpt":0.24571925767727754,"score_spread":0.2395044026379066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4243391400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9191372,0.00001833041,0.00008106369,0.00049171573,0.00063687965,0.00016360657,0.000031858173,0.000023011416,0.07941639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915076,5.0158314e-7,0.007710216,0.000036296726,0.00047569073,0.0000137771385,0.000016496839,0.000027702165,0.00021170787],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987019,0.0000150201095,0.00042922588,0.00022923473,0.000247393,0.0003772434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919236,0.00026207793,0.00015874745,0.00017834357,0.000067726876,0.00014073178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048302815,0.00014750796,0.000205584,0.00006759818,0.000055091332,0.00003774406,0.00022534012,0.00006397006,0.00029471895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017014038,0.0001516866,0.00007688423,0.000056792305,0.00009671522,0.00006153101,0.00007486376,0.00037169695,0.000020656555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023338796,0.00031442833,0.116566025,0.0000785527,0.000031729796,0.000027224343,0.00080987473,0.0009971849,0.8748675,0.0008687105,0.0011080477,0.0043073683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037975495,0.00016231758,0.03640824,0.0009962303,0.000106484455,0.0000149576135,0.0015570931,0.022977628,0.8973821,0.0069134603,0.028460884,0.0012230903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015137262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045537978,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08015779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010204032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008266736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245329703","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.fw4q.4","title":"A Space Compression Optic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Optics; Beam (structure); Compression (physics); Space (punctuation); Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.018803248110285355,"score_gpt":0.23666981937201206,"score_spread":0.2178665712617267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4245329703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9257886,0.00007549399,0.0055671423,0.007103289,0.000116652984,0.0002696998,0.000034490695,0.00008331001,0.06096133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976096,0.000027628656,0.001150751,0.00035769038,0.00020115745,0.000008815009,0.000027890415,0.000020444839,0.00059599255],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990431,0.000023427856,0.00015149378,0.00028855566,0.00016190555,0.00033151772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994375,0.00003524895,0.00006857161,0.00016184515,0.000055288947,0.00024153704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037106955,0.00020200851,0.00021151724,0.000026945669,0.00011586132,0.000117969976,0.00014215532,0.000044742916,0.00023891333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007023061,0.00018121123,0.000054877382,0.00011174179,0.00007646566,0.00008367931,0.0000757679,0.00026240648,0.00008667014],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011082426,0.00019060116,0.0018435551,0.00005119069,0.00009507332,0.000017580478,0.0006251501,0.00014710211,0.03722757,0.95038044,0.0030317642,0.0062791696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0064042457,0.0067615286,0.0011512836,0.00045472366,0.00044178433,0.000014683989,0.005217322,0.601261,0.25460425,0.09568828,0.024674471,0.003326428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009486503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.01833e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8546921,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011316759,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000052373067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73895794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4249507280","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-9780-1_100987","title":"Laser Tweezers Using Nanoapertures in Metal Films","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Tweezers; Materials science; Laser; Optical tweezers; Metal; Optoelectronics; Optics; Physics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.015105532272687497,"score_gpt":0.23048336582318565,"score_spread":0.21537783355049817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4249507280","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0018962728,0.00008262958,0.0003267598,0.00004659583,0.00029095795,0.00016104386,0.00008601924,0.000023164657,0.9970866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.04514748,0.0000029378502,0.0013490878,0.000081728314,0.00029739586,0.0000047567687,0.00003791814,0.000076184224,0.9530025],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899846,0.0000066821417,0.00025735958,0.00029809593,0.00018805504,0.00025131874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994982,0.00004140987,0.00010468779,0.0002583706,0.000030115361,0.0000672234],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050105325,0.00031823813,0.00032565978,0.00011213569,0.000034335924,0.000031736123,0.00016024843,0.00012777872,0.014834337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000013236861,0.00023317957,0.00021267796,0.000016354858,0.00006940669,0.000090917565,0.0001248225,0.00020572198,0.00043684186],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064212886,0.00005494633,0.00048102532,0.00001963813,0.00035859557,0.000026008414,0.000059145903,0.000022213875,0.001141658,0.98466986,0.0021700521,0.010990413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025126396,0.00017425853,0.00006603769,0.0010511809,0.000502571,0.00000676953,0.00026351382,0.0009792992,0.011402796,0.377029,0.602308,0.0037039495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055670727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000068299605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60764086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043546996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054843105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9860662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4251981423","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2019.fth4b.8","title":"Evolution and Conservation of Orbital Angular Momentum in Three-Dimensional Structured Light","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Structured light; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Total angular momentum quantum number; Astronomy; Classical mechanics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Computer science; Optics","score_opus":0.0066798094837587085,"score_gpt":0.20717501243345832,"score_spread":0.2004952029496996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4251981423","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997329,0.00007439009,0.00017702929,0.00040650278,0.00008458856,0.0002234343,0.000023837587,0.000008566691,0.001672627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993671,0.0000043748346,0.00031503712,0.000027793576,0.000034020162,0.0000057967845,0.000042348718,0.000011168658,0.00019234973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991396,0.000019789126,0.00021962031,0.00023127111,0.00016241652,0.00022732074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957913,0.000030212825,0.00010625151,0.00014395358,0.00007957352,0.000060848553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007971518,0.00015759391,0.00021956522,0.00008702674,0.000038866317,0.00003286623,0.00006160264,0.000059946342,0.00009156166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004379334,0.00014717154,0.000030352352,0.00011663782,0.00006742284,0.00011690705,0.000043316195,0.0001566298,0.0000062324452],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000120843964,0.00014102014,0.10126172,0.000052220985,0.000055440905,0.0000029314444,0.00013409965,0.0001308798,0.11067028,0.78658766,0.00010485458,0.0007380338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007219913,0.0031443443,0.14750011,0.00048772062,0.00017317566,0.000016034503,0.0014909178,0.2572061,0.13159543,0.44912505,0.00044281242,0.0015983463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011014832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026374533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3374626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028598302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007042105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60014814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4253289787","doi":"10.1002/9783527808465.emc2016.5721","title":"Electron beam lithography for the realization of electron beam vortices with large topological charge ( L=1000ħ)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Electron-beam lithography; Optics; Holography; Electron holography; Electron; Lithography; Aperture (computer memory); Physics; Wavefront; Beam (structure); Electron optics; Realization (probability); Diffraction; Angular momentum; Cathode ray; Materials science; Resist; Nanotechnology; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.005433264610080919,"score_gpt":0.2567831677987696,"score_spread":0.25134990318868866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4253289787","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.041024707,0.008130593,0.016089289,0.0003472205,0.0017977509,0.0062961653,0.0024059177,0.00068525417,0.9232231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1326746,0.0009856044,0.0012971647,0.00019681567,0.0036380715,0.00029704825,0.000470505,0.0016434448,0.8587967],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977411,0.000033080414,0.00046423948,0.0006628242,0.00029460757,0.00080413127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982468,0.000052665608,0.0009970482,0.00032545862,0.00027260208,0.00010541066],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041345644,0.0005712069,0.00055192696,0.00018948944,0.00020248428,0.00015073795,0.00071189523,0.00012598066,0.00089644565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015647196,0.00034017544,0.00023013288,0.00021292768,0.00034562976,0.00014686394,0.00015221829,0.00029485486,0.000119912074],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005313201,0.0007239952,0.015012354,0.0006798532,0.0015445318,0.0000029294322,0.00050401356,3.8325462e-7,0.09478666,0.101003714,0.7843196,0.0008906949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012129641,0.00071774423,0.00018316205,0.0006342951,0.000350848,0.0000022402385,0.00007573142,0.000004530966,0.098478615,0.00030207814,0.8974348,0.00060304505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003589255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000030323133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.113115184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030694067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006521454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254702440","doi":"10.1002/9783527808465.emc2016.4914","title":"Generation with phase‐and‐amplitude electron holograms of Laguerre‐Gauss beams with orbital angular momentum up to 200ħ","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"European Microscopy Congress 2016: Proceedings","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Electron; Physics; Electron holography; Angular momentum; Holography; Landau quantization; Optics; Wave function; Phase (matter); Plane wave; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.00955806251861668,"score_gpt":0.2689756633252472,"score_spread":0.2594176008066305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254702440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.570203,0.0012984406,0.006155997,0.00018428589,0.0010242028,0.003110153,0.001084967,0.0003906029,0.4165483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.27200612,0.00007180761,0.0067915856,0.00009375498,0.0023203837,0.00013521568,0.0004978601,0.001706299,0.71637696],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975281,0.000034066543,0.0004472745,0.0009049569,0.00038150925,0.0007041399],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984861,0.000009861841,0.00065884454,0.0003430974,0.00024092098,0.00026115656],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021648545,0.0007297516,0.0006684613,0.00027396725,0.000108706176,0.00024004198,0.00044949513,0.000103062375,0.00075170177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004852015,0.0005140955,0.00008717222,0.00020324763,0.00035623123,0.00019600464,0.00021200898,0.00028551073,0.00024628566],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006468686,0.00073585054,0.004614721,0.00043180308,0.0014001293,0.000052519226,0.0013673905,0.0000017393966,0.45230824,0.0047245706,0.5297593,0.003956889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008506711,0.0047280244,0.00011983109,0.0031658383,0.0006324071,0.00006809187,0.000622115,0.000017548979,0.30996823,0.0000707195,0.6693559,0.0027445718],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000078253695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000043002037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29982868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005289662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075000324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281782068","doi":"10.1103/physreva.105.053529","title":"Revisiting nonlinear optical trapping of a single nanoparticle using generalized Lorentz-Mie theory","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Optical force; Optical tweezers; Excitation; Mie scattering; Refractive index; Metamaterial; Materials science; Femtosecond; Photonics; Fano resonance; Physics; Resonance (particle physics); Optics; Laser; Scattering; Molecular physics; Light scattering; Atomic physics; Plasmon; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.025413698879617665,"score_gpt":0.34037698099018915,"score_spread":0.3149632821105715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281782068","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9564667,0.035230853,0.002679133,0.0006847758,0.00014258265,0.0014009748,0.00011988909,0.000072793686,0.003202297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993885,0.0018563427,0.001765323,0.0009006479,0.0010890489,0.0002487098,0.00009200437,0.000100707766,0.00006225551],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99561566,0.0007536103,0.0011076308,0.000739409,0.0010099034,0.00077379105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975196,0.00047869675,0.0006643704,0.0008431739,0.00018484492,0.00030927663],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00093595503,0.00054459635,0.0018205785,0.0000554767,0.0003119629,0.000042301388,0.0006357029,0.000019864978,0.0006238474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024698538,0.00048469965,0.0012842998,0.0010568859,0.00023439081,0.00024106927,0.00068888586,0.00063515274,0.00008349223],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005414147,0.003740262,0.00036879748,0.006370203,0.00035689093,0.000016785307,0.00023539137,0.00024348826,0.74911195,0.18630132,0.00034528808,0.052855477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042115366,0.0020375175,0.0002218972,0.039267942,0.007805577,0.000052685977,0.00059009605,0.0904425,0.55053806,0.23221354,0.06758077,0.005037888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016753127,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.473917e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19857392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014682366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000122047946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99976045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281889020","doi":"10.1364/oe.459930","title":"Exact vectorial model for nonparaxial focusing of freeform wavefronts","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Université Laval","keywords":"Wavefront; Zernike polynomials; Optics; Physics; Formalism (music); Polarization (electrochemistry); Diffraction; Deformable mirror; Physical optics","score_opus":0.015839954139177565,"score_gpt":0.2469712407429597,"score_spread":0.23113128660378213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281889020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7493312,0.000034143573,0.23180039,0.00005246008,0.0022376608,0.00070311275,0.001270357,0.00003483394,0.014535873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97622836,3.8532562e-7,0.021291507,0.00000776506,0.00083068677,0.00012024624,0.00009194915,0.00003643558,0.0013926831],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989665,0.000015621581,0.00026234676,0.00020111825,0.0002756742,0.00027873204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993888,0.000050550243,0.00014904694,0.00028416573,0.000069020025,0.000058424954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012984159,0.00014266057,0.00021347015,0.000044523415,0.00020274334,0.00002683866,0.00026943555,0.000025412268,0.00014096324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059917966,0.00015350038,0.00015253256,0.00006335253,0.000038921415,0.00010386403,0.00028650853,0.0001367782,0.0000021151407],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00092538627,0.0024828152,0.001831537,0.00022355226,0.0006245422,0.0000057918305,0.007696363,0.3901428,0.20567437,0.37361866,0.0072518573,0.009522349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029099898,0.00039033865,0.000022381038,0.00002057919,0.00012638823,0.0000011497114,0.00083313155,0.8813752,0.058664087,0.04943746,0.0056388373,0.0005804886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040614912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.390132e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49123237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054671702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007857072,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6259564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281955070","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.104477","title":"Orbital Angular Momentum Wave and Propagation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IntechOpen eBooks","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal","keywords":"Plane wave; Physics; Acoustics; Optics; Patch antenna; Antenna (radio); Wave propagation; Angular momentum; Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.013174494615928959,"score_gpt":0.21120519370428045,"score_spread":0.1980306990883515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281955070","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019630136,0.00011730823,0.00023117135,0.00007224757,0.0003377841,0.0008191204,0.00020367153,0.000066062465,0.9961896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.16228029,0.0000032513817,0.0002826976,0.000046077694,0.00034547222,0.00011960944,0.00025635376,0.00012575633,0.83654046],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99848485,0.000016784476,0.00038229662,0.00049145403,0.00036085024,0.0002637668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991123,0.000026726619,0.0002616428,0.00042366676,0.00006869771,0.00010698272],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013767133,0.00040930664,0.0003744548,0.00014020907,0.00018079736,0.00013172635,0.00022646326,0.000112477865,0.0061670947],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029067344,0.0004176393,0.00016290876,0.000013130324,0.00015431027,0.000097328084,0.0006626625,0.0006506137,0.00012264447],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022674365,0.000030013689,0.00002017276,0.000039387643,0.00027832,0.00007163827,0.00032960335,9.199165e-7,0.0006352227,0.9616906,0.0016255529,0.03525591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005269952,0.00028809704,0.000005137889,0.00014486139,0.00017742554,0.000032120162,0.00026282622,0.00007725748,0.0029302991,0.2212261,0.7734233,0.00090559426],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006980939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024694448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7717977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011623177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007619004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99982756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283312541","doi":"10.1063/5.0093067","title":"Modeling of high intensity orbital angular momentum beams for laser–plasma interactions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Plasmas","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Paraxial approximation; Angular momentum; Optics; Beam (structure); Plasma; Computational physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015592160752227531,"score_gpt":0.23851348395366936,"score_spread":0.22292132320144184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283312541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9697102,0.000007779798,0.027213423,0.000087210756,0.0007115381,0.0003036171,0.0009885001,0.000021414577,0.0009563464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99530065,3.3260957e-7,0.0036992102,0.000008003479,0.00019018991,0.00009549342,0.0003391725,0.000035103003,0.00033186437],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988025,0.000023048793,0.00039690555,0.00024758567,0.00028099038,0.00024899252],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910635,0.00008797445,0.00023802849,0.0003050093,0.0002053504,0.000057304707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011409189,0.00018029855,0.00037545167,0.000065154185,0.00017535647,0.000013908929,0.00024999672,0.000016400596,0.00013934364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008964691,0.00020445765,0.0002651992,0.0001931917,0.00006017474,0.00018990086,0.00032201476,0.0002162754,0.00000543943],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000323883,0.0024247307,0.0025378703,0.00015522871,0.0008406086,0.0000030965468,0.0015515669,0.7633962,0.018937029,0.20666361,0.0011969797,0.0019691922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015762037,0.0005002058,0.00003634958,0.000036140897,0.00021876549,0.000003146569,0.0039323326,0.71400934,0.1537718,0.12482697,0.0006400686,0.00044867615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031877003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000220699,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13483478,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060767597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053114534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8337541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283314516","doi":"10.1364/ol.462948","title":"Integrated orbital angular momentum mode sorters on vortex fibers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"PAZY Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Multiplexer; Multiplexing; Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Optical vortex; Physics; Optical fiber; Vortex; Multi-mode optical fiber; Orbital angular momentum of light; Telecommunications; Computer science; Beam (structure); Total angular momentum quantum number","score_opus":0.006444157622196402,"score_gpt":0.21423568653638747,"score_spread":0.20779152891419106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283314516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836019,0.000011944335,0.002469916,0.002413415,0.00087420706,0.00029680913,0.00026865955,0.0000869807,0.00997612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99390304,5.4363676e-7,0.0020993166,0.001379088,0.0002111914,0.0000996643,0.00039153936,0.00007214545,0.0018434968],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980981,0.00007295292,0.0003237601,0.00043485698,0.00053671835,0.0005336231],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991686,0.000045550758,0.00013754015,0.00047772523,0.000029876159,0.00014075683],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013554981,0.00031296458,0.00025257654,0.00015378217,0.00034241614,0.00009914723,0.00039448394,0.000026589592,0.0012133637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000041995845,0.00033082676,0.00021428011,0.0003060525,0.000097327014,0.00012182562,0.00023594858,0.0005260978,0.000117903066],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051881117,0.0041795433,0.01967638,0.00009572973,0.0027978064,0.0009761447,0.007438877,0.3165791,0.23116949,0.24959283,0.15716603,0.009809257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0204184,0.0065395306,0.003976144,0.00032507023,0.0018070784,0.00016774853,0.057328235,0.5192559,0.068416424,0.043980964,0.26278925,0.014995288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012133565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.05209e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20561185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021752846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043914093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285077194","doi":"10.1039/d2sm00259k","title":"Line optical tweezers as controllable micromachines: techniques and emerging trends","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Soft Matter","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Nanotechnology; Photonics; Tweezers; Sorting; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Optoelectronics; Computer science","score_opus":0.01319291521525836,"score_gpt":0.30230229693143895,"score_spread":0.2891093817161806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285077194","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000040048835,0.9417871,0.000071191724,0.0002484691,0.00021361497,0.00033129836,0.00015403627,0.000084704356,0.05706953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00014323603,0.93311954,0.0019823774,0.00045318672,0.0017557606,0.0006863771,0.0011868352,0.00033206303,0.06034063],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857616,0.00007838913,0.00042533083,0.0004112712,0.00017085629,0.00033798063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925816,0.00013609607,0.00018041806,0.0003177428,0.000014054099,0.00009350692],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015917227,0.00042496546,0.0009935998,0.00017997948,0.0001533516,0.00011310397,0.00023517157,0.00008664244,0.01092493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036442254,0.0003566893,0.00035508926,0.00019512554,0.00007088782,0.0000723353,0.0003322924,0.00058496115,0.00029070678],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029260623,0.00006391741,0.00006915767,0.001109051,0.0002332736,0.000018243118,0.00003953532,1.4008754e-7,0.0000042319684,0.0006415077,0.00525861,0.99255943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015925881,0.000052234012,4.102027e-7,0.0004532873,0.00042005547,0.000026755764,0.000034628134,0.0000043190284,0.000014957646,0.00047101142,0.99799436,0.00036869085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047740326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.6394414e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9927358,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004814205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050149407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285278579","doi":"10.1109/tmtt.2022.3173748","title":"OAM Carrying Vortex Beam Mode Interconversion Using Modular Cascaded Transmitarrays","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Modular design; Angular momentum; Physics; Beam (structure); Optics; Mode (computer interface); Vortex; Topology (electrical circuits); Computer science; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.009758142539356515,"score_gpt":0.24187344493132504,"score_spread":0.23211530239196854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285278579","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5365215,0.000036076086,0.46239066,0.000021089136,0.00011385754,0.00019664,0.00009581614,0.00009122267,0.000533151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966146,0.000008170756,0.002754803,0.000088391906,0.00004471313,0.000067391804,0.000011718571,0.00004201627,0.0003682118],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988868,0.00017535205,0.0002239012,0.0003186188,0.0001466548,0.00024864168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995366,0.000061994426,0.00006380825,0.00023826414,0.000027415723,0.000071972856],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003186858,0.00022391096,0.00020571366,0.00017163604,0.00062631874,0.000036508653,0.00015883075,0.000049124374,0.00041022454],"category_scores_gemma":[4.1719406e-7,0.00024032524,0.00017260063,0.00015000014,0.00011033924,0.00016524903,0.000007972245,0.00048088457,0.0000030910899],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012921006,0.00022079404,0.000012205627,0.000019054378,0.00010724758,0.0000063406683,0.0012536598,0.0015810552,0.9763365,0.004977136,0.000014235397,0.015342562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023133434,0.00016244953,5.5402415e-7,0.000028688568,0.00010197954,0.000021422778,0.0016074384,0.00066042313,0.96710354,0.029504014,0.00030822092,0.0002699331],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000121807534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013533121,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4600931,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000095924566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027097009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9800179},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286492215","doi":"10.1364/josaa.465410","title":"Classical entanglement of twisted random light propagating through atmospheric turbulence [Invited]","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Quantum entanglement; Physics; Turbulence; Atmospheric turbulence; Gaussian; Quantum mechanics; Classical mechanics; Statistical physics; Optics; Beam (structure); Mechanics","score_opus":0.006938539608337273,"score_gpt":0.224703966399306,"score_spread":0.21776542679096875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4286492215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9365801,0.000551144,0.031517353,0.02561012,0.0007914236,0.0006536968,0.00005304532,0.00001487098,0.004228249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92663985,0.0000116627,0.07257282,0.00039553185,0.00017080251,0.000008159916,0.0000014973674,0.000017215107,0.00018244771],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980447,0.00011684243,0.00071170635,0.00012268238,0.0007763459,0.00022770345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99838847,0.0001593751,0.0010288052,0.00021362046,0.00014105819,0.00006864652],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029726455,0.00014129639,0.00044124926,0.0000043456894,0.00016173323,0.000015197156,0.0004853428,0.000022256881,0.00038192945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028002223,0.00009496778,0.00084373046,0.0003886302,0.0003091924,0.00009137732,0.00040955364,0.0004978947,0.0000010699263],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002775398,0.02097263,0.041665364,0.0009623622,0.010457901,0.00003967997,0.058300916,0.060567908,0.49713492,0.017186746,0.17989302,0.11004317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.031090613,0.013395295,0.0050936374,0.001459862,0.0035306278,0.00025351014,0.16275497,0.12791967,0.27174488,0.035714045,0.3442179,0.002825007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002045273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.7368054e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22539005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010679481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000084062696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41818598},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286717412","doi":"10.1364/ol.466058","title":"Experimental demonstration of dynamic spatiotemporal structured beams that simultaneously exhibit two orbital angular momenta by combining multiple frequency lines, each carrying multiple Laguerre–Gaussian modes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Beam (structure); Superposition principle; Azimuth; Gaussian beam; RADIUS; M squared; Beam diameter; Rotation (mathematics); Mathematics; Geometry; Quantum mechanics; Laser beams","score_opus":0.009168525398130295,"score_gpt":0.23364638896333595,"score_spread":0.22447786356520566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4286717412","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899657,0.00017832368,0.0075573865,0.00024283769,0.0003805251,0.0005819296,0.00073744747,0.00006647263,0.00028940357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849507,6.564158e-7,0.012416754,0.00008960576,0.000100489444,0.00008061609,0.002205029,0.000088156245,0.00006794261],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975979,0.00011552531,0.00059107726,0.00053083774,0.00064696383,0.0005177138],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988437,0.00011565161,0.00042780937,0.0004310424,0.000046027133,0.00013573996],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015260397,0.0004202784,0.0004122544,0.00012968041,0.00046126696,0.00010832592,0.0003873814,0.00005515855,0.00015378624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009424634,0.0004814591,0.00019746188,0.00021496492,0.00016768453,0.00031196847,0.00026581102,0.0004391444,0.0000032697617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045115932,0.00039360282,0.051180292,0.000024052073,0.00016523675,0.000034479224,0.0016855432,0.032495823,0.91284287,0.00060365186,0.0001165145,0.00041283818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005430328,0.00048000345,0.0005454306,0.00006419607,0.00015402042,0.000031032985,0.020593729,0.53522605,0.43555725,0.0004053585,0.000078206234,0.0014343779],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012673391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024837393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50273025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027674678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005558308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4287776538","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.6385065","title":"Experimental demonstration of an electrostatic orbital angular momentum sorter for electrons","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Electron; Physics; Atomic physics; Aerospace engineering; Classical mechanics; Engineering; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.020544754576213384,"score_gpt":0.24505047378511433,"score_spread":0.22450571920890094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4287776538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9287885,0.000057754554,0.049876027,0.0006003359,0.000053341046,0.0009599401,0.0004969033,0.00027241287,0.018894827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99599504,7.343609e-7,0.00094791735,0.000044930697,0.00016591787,2.5020614e-7,0.0022575934,0.00048755642,0.00010002713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883264,0.00009088398,0.0002542529,0.00029124084,0.0002216105,0.00030939293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934405,0.000010972056,0.000113735216,0.00018261254,0.00018840002,0.00016025724],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001493939,0.00013222704,0.00014739356,0.00006408078,0.00057011406,0.00022582362,0.00038117802,0.000026950798,0.003365482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002665807,0.00014592601,0.00007300738,0.00022016729,0.000085809756,0.00029397584,0.0001923416,0.00012297076,0.00025737792],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021216816,0.00077879074,0.000029429702,0.00007264596,0.0001642759,0.0000036640747,0.0032439707,0.00010627265,0.9081219,0.05999386,0.014127301,0.013145765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024339168,0.0049081133,0.00018566828,0.00002331625,0.00008655288,0.00002297286,0.004989572,0.013217533,0.8416577,0.0024781087,0.12939055,0.0006059798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066874586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8441407e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.115263246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051527575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060012844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4287776817","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.3836177","title":"Experimental demonstration of an electrostatic orbital angular momentum sorter for electrons","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Canada Research Chairs; European Commission","keywords":"Angular momentum; Electron; Physics; Orbital motion; Momentum (technical analysis); Atomic physics; Quantum electrodynamics; Classical mechanics; Nuclear physics; Economics","score_opus":0.020544754576213384,"score_gpt":0.24505047378511433,"score_spread":0.22450571920890094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4287776817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9287885,0.000057754554,0.049876027,0.0006003359,0.000053341046,0.0009599401,0.0004969033,0.00027241287,0.018894827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99599504,7.343609e-7,0.00094791735,0.000044930697,0.00016591787,2.5020614e-7,0.0022575934,0.00048755642,0.00010002713],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883264,0.00009088398,0.0002542529,0.00029124084,0.0002216105,0.00030939293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934405,0.000010972056,0.000113735216,0.00018261254,0.00018840002,0.00016025724],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001493939,0.00013222704,0.00014739356,0.00006408078,0.00057011406,0.00022582362,0.00038117802,0.000026950798,0.003365482],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002665807,0.00014592601,0.00007300738,0.00022016729,0.000085809756,0.00029397584,0.0001923416,0.00012297076,0.00025737792],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021216816,0.00077879074,0.000029429702,0.00007264596,0.0001642759,0.0000036640747,0.0032439707,0.00010627265,0.9081219,0.05999386,0.014127301,0.013145765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024339168,0.0049081133,0.00018566828,0.00002331625,0.00008655288,0.00002297286,0.004989572,0.013217533,0.8416577,0.0024781087,0.12939055,0.0006059798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000066874586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.8441407e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.115263246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051527575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060012844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289535442","doi":"10.1109/jlt.2022.3195931","title":"Perfect Vortex Modes for Nondestructive Characterization of Mode Dependent Loss in Ring Core Fibers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cladding (metalworking); Optics; Multiplexing; Mode volume; Physics; Modal; Optical fiber; Refractive index; Vortex generator; Multi-mode optical fiber; Electronic engineering; Vortex; Materials science; Plastic optical fiber; Engineering; Mechanics","score_opus":0.00890626835530119,"score_gpt":0.251736604102439,"score_spread":0.24283033574713778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4289535442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915184,0.000025019632,0.00762443,0.00022182656,0.00016515442,0.00017754482,0.00006932005,0.0000082095785,0.00019014509],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99766773,0.0000030839851,0.0021365662,0.000006345959,0.00006455864,0.000022601496,0.000011360945,0.000015982203,0.00007174468],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991062,0.00001957812,0.0004252289,0.000114863586,0.00016606376,0.00016801692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991695,0.000031137202,0.0005376642,0.00012516126,0.00011285568,0.000023659753],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015902906,0.000102206424,0.0002810091,0.00040647146,0.00006226566,0.0000063166235,0.00022838323,0.000047261605,0.000060866365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009316313,0.00009975383,0.00010375873,0.00023195369,0.000056021367,0.000108592474,0.00012420828,0.00030895052,4.5353252e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024385237,0.00051539956,0.13270724,0.000048787228,0.00025844935,0.000038662936,0.00092568464,0.003996371,0.73059833,0.12496429,0.0000109971725,0.0056919246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047313133,0.00265145,0.01133862,0.00013846805,0.00019844476,0.0002619189,0.005887496,0.020269025,0.6904348,0.26290187,0.00058184715,0.00060475344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008326752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016166972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13793758,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012044128,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064264575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4067843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292377555","doi":"10.1364/optica.469079","title":"Enhanced spin–orbit coupling in an epsilon-near-zero material","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Spin (aerodynamics); Spin–orbit interaction; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Isotropy; Total angular momentum quantum number; Field (mathematics); Angular momentum coupling; Optics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Momentum (technical analysis); Quantum electrodynamics; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.009110740093663224,"score_gpt":0.2517394792671466,"score_spread":0.2426287391734834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292377555","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98872083,0.00001171715,0.000652052,0.00008357691,0.0005029496,0.00016492738,0.00006160556,0.000031051815,0.009771297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99350303,3.5334466e-7,0.0056298105,0.000034057553,0.000081583334,0.000089150904,0.000105873885,0.00002912178,0.0005270296],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989967,0.000020340425,0.00021474538,0.00025768604,0.00019817855,0.00031235346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956334,0.000015376336,0.000057386216,0.00026892993,0.000020063306,0.000074888514],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013386393,0.00013275341,0.00016283011,0.000040968236,0.00019793033,0.000109646026,0.00022281814,0.000019186167,0.004029505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024845158,0.00015010491,0.000050618568,0.0001465498,0.000044313805,0.00012641712,0.00022792336,0.00019590979,0.000085844185],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075843645,0.0055378424,0.04846789,0.0001317166,0.00028197272,0.00019287855,0.0059929527,0.1743659,0.3733415,0.37922063,0.0014811822,0.010227101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009087393,0.0041482784,0.01920493,0.00015928858,0.0002325161,0.000017979597,0.009730484,0.5873521,0.26518548,0.067315064,0.032647777,0.004918712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008436363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000228061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41298622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006298212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005014329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99688095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296736926","doi":"10.1364/cosi.2022.cw3b.4","title":"Experimental Demonstration of Lightsheets with Customized Properties in Simple Media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Imaging and Applied Optics Congress 2022 (3D, AOA, COSI, ISA, pcAOP)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Computer science; Bending; Calculus (dental); Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.007433908813106858,"score_gpt":0.2116676637597893,"score_spread":0.20423375494668244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296736926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903147,0.000574075,0.00034659836,0.00010328944,0.00023559679,0.0005647043,0.00009956651,0.000043413635,0.0077180387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977316,0.0000063796483,0.0015047685,0.000046095585,0.00009156114,0.0003158455,0.00010487156,0.00004759745,0.00015124344],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99826735,0.000062360974,0.00043490098,0.00041786168,0.00044060298,0.00037689172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926746,0.00007892442,0.00022211885,0.0002802542,0.000055917044,0.00009530098],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002067742,0.0002969151,0.0004141334,0.00014662006,0.0002755341,0.00010429733,0.00022618545,0.000026504631,0.0002577897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033043332,0.00027239317,0.000053064865,0.00023146982,0.00028011677,0.00015782317,0.0003026204,0.00033668242,0.0000039784563],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003296904,0.006615073,0.14392465,0.00044908383,0.0010027349,0.00016229262,0.026465498,0.022125743,0.6486615,0.09399504,0.0022560933,0.05104537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018501239,0.0005366478,0.0016097701,0.00020817074,0.00040120826,0.000046100908,0.07748814,0.0907067,0.80120564,0.0029402908,0.0037347686,0.0026213345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008281383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009722078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15254411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069207235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009719577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999728},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297348293","doi":"10.3390/en15197100","title":"Capacity Enhancement for Free Space Optics Transmission System Using Orbital Angular Momentum Optical Code Division Multiple Access in 5G and beyond Networks","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Attenuation; Transmission (telecommunications); Free-space optical communication; Channel (broadcasting); Range (aeronautics); Division (mathematics); Optical communication; Free space; Computer science; Optics; Bit error rate; Code (set theory); Data transmission; Electronic engineering; Physics; Telecommunications; Engineering; Computer network; Mathematics; Aerospace engineering","score_opus":0.01747683873444982,"score_gpt":0.2480312629333552,"score_spread":0.23055442419890537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297348293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8965241,0.0002734292,0.10171609,0.00012076774,0.00033132912,0.00043142104,0.000118615106,0.000031125495,0.0004531744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989119,0.000004664249,0.010330129,0.000010421917,0.00013497773,0.00014431652,0.00007927158,0.00003633119,0.00014087166],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985181,0.0000620521,0.00033559627,0.00036851323,0.0003070282,0.00040871222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993515,0.00012060493,0.00011003654,0.0002783429,0.000037327227,0.000102186066],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026447952,0.00023068071,0.00029744615,0.000090226604,0.0003646709,0.00013302939,0.0003022023,0.000044956396,0.00003914724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007687669,0.0002314656,0.000090959904,0.00017436552,0.0000706194,0.00023558774,0.00044893567,0.00021077109,3.088149e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016127902,0.00066585204,0.011099272,0.0002445859,0.0001382229,0.000021170224,0.0014301516,0.8774056,0.027222406,0.077953935,0.0002852218,0.003372322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002419374,0.00029255962,0.00075073104,0.000107555665,0.00007704911,0.0000047214135,0.0042075734,0.94489,0.043242045,0.002437016,0.001012123,0.00055923266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019534983,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007674841,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.092594974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000166684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030586238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9438893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297497782","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.18.l031002","title":"Customized Vectorial Optical Fields in Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Applied","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Homogeneous; Field (mathematics); Optics; Physics; Statistical physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.006448348491972672,"score_gpt":0.24142618999138965,"score_spread":0.23497784149941697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297497782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97182316,0.004084662,0.0002216265,0.00043413028,0.00044323644,0.0010642132,0.000057656758,0.00004983382,0.021821482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982309,0.0001547081,0.00018126887,0.00024209447,0.00065672665,0.0004314737,0.000048303835,0.00002389563,0.000030664014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875873,0.000059195787,0.00026754139,0.00032154092,0.00030440313,0.0002885793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999365,0.0001986982,0.000069367255,0.00024106083,0.000013359092,0.00011252779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017590272,0.0001898711,0.0004940489,0.000032050193,0.00009380639,0.000020042451,0.0001917773,0.000016563457,0.00046483363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016565056,0.00018014564,0.000115550996,0.00023295438,0.000057518137,0.000023921744,0.000358483,0.00036910933,0.00004764207],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040709725,0.0031628148,0.0010298231,0.00079925085,0.00024490812,0.00011513566,0.0016124588,0.00075579947,0.01104637,0.72308344,0.0034209078,0.25432196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.025171017,0.0013412037,0.0023688383,0.0009340708,0.0017716343,0.00009455682,0.001388451,0.009339882,0.021106377,0.69170827,0.23824435,0.006531361],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022061247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002277866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2477906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004552264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040293937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7346126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297796312","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jf3a.4","title":"3D Dynamic Lensing via Enhanced Light-Sound Interactions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Focus (optics); Optics; Physics; Beam (structure)","score_opus":0.009585066423688756,"score_gpt":0.24351004368031462,"score_spread":0.23392497725662587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297796312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93800616,0.000037116668,0.019006604,0.0009570526,0.0004434882,0.00020477877,0.00004009775,0.000055266893,0.04124943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964963,0.0000075901016,0.00069136516,0.00013435227,0.000087774504,0.000031430456,0.00006920065,0.000025259655,0.0024566934],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891925,0.00004108298,0.00019299604,0.00029823923,0.00018205686,0.00036636766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947155,0.000045108907,0.0001016731,0.00022571057,0.000061256535,0.000094699964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006811092,0.00019809253,0.00018936653,0.00008354315,0.00046577427,0.00011775895,0.0001349028,0.000022294656,0.00062293245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032393898,0.00020864239,0.0000659889,0.00014857731,0.00005184209,0.000113499875,0.0000926699,0.00044127574,0.00003187766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002783485,0.0013041318,0.0012217954,0.0000560993,0.0005415025,0.000023344483,0.00313885,0.0013131155,0.57239246,0.34205902,0.0012604162,0.07641094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004907644,0.0060594347,0.00062503,0.00019769174,0.00067903363,0.00008795862,0.019395772,0.40466484,0.22610402,0.30283344,0.03017935,0.004265776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019320196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008462969,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40335172,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008606329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006467491,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85081893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297798127","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jw3b.65","title":"A compact setup for broadband polarization tomography","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Broadband; Birefringence; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Optical coherence tomography; Tomography; Photonics; Chirality (physics); Materials science; Optical tomography; Optoelectronics; Physics","score_opus":0.012602145805604498,"score_gpt":0.23747220584119744,"score_spread":0.22487006003559293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297798127","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9753386,0.00007651908,0.0060491613,0.0012093219,0.00019973474,0.0006213489,0.00047821505,0.000056631347,0.015970519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997883,0.0000063606376,0.0003219573,0.00017437316,0.00009267039,0.000043214684,0.0002855766,0.000020482432,0.0011723655],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991013,0.00002944938,0.00014949284,0.00023610439,0.00016725856,0.00031641097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956053,0.00004527297,0.00008212751,0.0001576543,0.00006113959,0.0000932791],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000821562,0.00016171706,0.00017301092,0.00008642397,0.0003753352,0.00010454565,0.00012237526,0.00002419567,0.00026731731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003223992,0.00016520759,0.000079772784,0.00016835166,0.000050677194,0.000071815295,0.000041937048,0.00019721429,0.000002969228],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000255225,0.0007591059,0.017943406,0.000054241988,0.00029644606,0.0000029952985,0.00050654454,0.00036475237,0.02976857,0.93830293,0.0043608504,0.007384907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013071854,0.017271833,0.0065572564,0.00016737173,0.0010396474,0.00002462879,0.009269823,0.3504322,0.12702788,0.40557164,0.06500049,0.0045653824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020300418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010052394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5327313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002420248,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000063571315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.673697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297798243","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jw3b.46","title":"Tailor-made 3D Vectorial Optical Fields in Simple Media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Free space; Simple (philosophy); Optics; Physics; Computer science; Beam (structure); Space (punctuation)","score_opus":0.012652835689643668,"score_gpt":0.2331213651224445,"score_spread":0.22046852943280082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297798243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9795585,0.00003050953,0.0006449159,0.000804484,0.00052534346,0.00019008743,0.00006411571,0.000028968183,0.01815305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986406,0.000014204256,0.00030844365,0.00014432025,0.00044228774,0.00004770118,0.00010235682,0.000019711271,0.0002803702],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.998685,0.000048162914,0.00022801777,0.0003040154,0.00026997036,0.00046484446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994461,0.000121892015,0.000058282163,0.00020841917,0.00003437741,0.00013095303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001381133,0.00019512416,0.00023766712,0.00008121336,0.00016958459,0.00007971311,0.00019377726,0.000053957403,0.00091153313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016768765,0.0002011168,0.00005549656,0.00017512967,0.000073318195,0.00006952643,0.00015578393,0.00058160396,0.000016448499],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026299135,0.0006247637,0.006380104,0.00002056369,0.000081002894,0.000046332556,0.0010142622,0.0007454582,0.0059187044,0.968308,0.0023624355,0.014235427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015375234,0.010789068,0.0065073543,0.00012773149,0.00041793313,0.00003503235,0.0133764995,0.17561626,0.063759476,0.6560296,0.05270093,0.005264899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005482129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016180893,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3122784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055753244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011801699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980649},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297798272","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jtu3b.48","title":"Experimental measurement of the orbital-angular-momentum spectrum in high-gain parametric down-conversion","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Parametric statistics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular spectrum method; Angular momentum coupling; Spectrum (functional analysis); Total angular momentum quantum number; Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Optics; Measure (data warehouse); Spectral line; Computational physics; Quantum electrodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics","score_opus":0.013036648824736666,"score_gpt":0.21544978139054638,"score_spread":0.20241313256580973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297798272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951986,0.0001318038,0.000105811945,0.00061765104,0.00025527793,0.00035651017,0.000038088245,0.000011813682,0.0032844148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99941283,0.0000087578155,0.00006634668,0.000058385685,0.00004225683,0.000050438142,0.000019949875,0.000018847755,0.00032218275],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982678,0.00010800089,0.00030702626,0.00031462562,0.0005989375,0.00040358596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935496,0.000032764012,0.00017054599,0.00031869282,0.000044051776,0.00007897447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002862216,0.00022136902,0.00026925537,0.00015096116,0.00020573752,0.000044942728,0.00028957656,0.00003251254,0.00043840194],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007797943,0.00018731989,0.000098042525,0.00045719443,0.00010416081,0.00006726737,0.00025624997,0.0003643301,0.0000060256843],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005752284,0.004351112,0.03344289,0.000102895836,0.00038576534,0.00003794087,0.0016689405,0.0025475014,0.23414068,0.71885306,0.0018731671,0.0020208182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036466427,0.0026622044,0.0027695538,0.00007907242,0.0000981231,0.000006594348,0.0067360904,0.012296041,0.94811434,0.0221174,0.00065344095,0.0008204724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017862729,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036229762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7139737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021987509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012504602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76386833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4299555272","doi":"","title":"Circular antenna array for microwave Bessel beam generation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Microwave; Bessel function; Antenna (radio); Optics; Physics; Directional antenna; Beam (structure); Engineering; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.0191616100057618,"score_gpt":0.20967400348155055,"score_spread":0.19051239347578874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4299555272","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.14401007,0.00017799175,0.8002221,0.0008896057,0.00015838683,0.000294071,0.000064784086,0.00006241618,0.05412059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91002345,0.000012463767,0.08284714,0.000053779288,0.0000635094,0.00005934243,0.00041661615,0.000032384232,0.006491323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985543,0.0004308854,0.00026368213,0.0003493399,0.00014367311,0.00025811238],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99774545,0.0001564965,0.00016556626,0.0007436389,0.0010887708,0.00010007332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009853812,0.00016081169,0.0001543389,0.000053525313,0.0002808025,0.00011291708,0.00032719973,0.00005520138,0.00015962418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088456894,0.00017484282,0.00014989713,0.00016740685,0.000092179165,0.00015386831,0.00009572795,0.00011469787,0.000048136808],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000627542,0.00081323495,0.005369883,0.000034687662,0.00010744659,0.0000012340408,0.0059404187,0.0000025267666,0.7154997,0.25978598,0.00078804017,0.011650585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004635264,5.874162e-7,0.0008145845,0.00007450088,0.000040906183,0.0000023467146,0.00021780214,0.0019790248,0.9730925,0.015203268,0.007863981,0.00024700133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018580837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000089242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7660134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029974315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008019377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7129883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4301465454","doi":"10.1364/optica.454293","title":"Flat magic window","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Optics; Wavefront; Polarization (electrochemistry); MAGIC (telescope); Physics; Ray; Window (computing); Computer science","score_opus":0.005075556446893529,"score_gpt":0.204831097865591,"score_spread":0.19975554141869747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4301465454","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44795042,0.00005119793,0.00035026157,0.00065593555,0.00044718204,0.00015575373,0.00008683556,0.0000472225,0.5502552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877544,2.1820308e-7,0.0010474265,0.000081673454,0.00015691352,0.00002408845,0.000054509204,0.000014803676,0.010865944],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943644,0.000017635584,0.00008649384,0.00012721583,0.00015516182,0.00017706642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997156,0.000016167873,0.000026407095,0.00018431293,0.000008986664,0.000048486585],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055694265,0.000072319366,0.00007457439,0.000022974371,0.00015113954,0.00002731049,0.00014306432,0.000006197202,0.012699979],"category_scores_gemma":[9.4357574e-7,0.00007537303,0.0000444727,0.00008685428,0.00002480849,0.000041830703,0.00020787351,0.00014058291,0.00048744303],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028407228,0.0004699099,0.023671756,0.000013058922,0.00016915052,0.00004083876,0.00064982433,0.0010093492,0.010478468,0.9246232,0.02526472,0.013581328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011816756,0.00034479966,0.0023871444,0.000004958286,0.000081218,0.000013369671,0.0024571673,0.0025204606,0.0049643843,0.045794263,0.9395421,0.0007084507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018722552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0777464e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9142774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024352945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020552174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9882026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4301644553","doi":"10.1364/cleo_qels.2022.ff2l.5","title":"Phase conjugation of orbital angular momentum in cylindrical vector beams by stimulated Brillouin scattering","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Brillouin scattering; Physics; Scalar (mathematics); Optics; Beam (structure); Angular momentum of light; Orbital angular momentum of light; Scattering; Light beam; Phase conjugation; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Optical vortex; Phase (matter); Brillouin zone; Angular momentum coupling; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum electrodynamics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Optical fiber; Geometry; Laser; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010429855326182269,"score_gpt":0.24871585338366375,"score_spread":0.2382859980574815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4301644553","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997231,0.000055649485,0.00069953775,0.00030529822,0.00009233846,0.00024485466,0.00017962683,0.000017702469,0.0011740024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992073,0.0000068710115,0.00012384942,0.000041078983,0.00003919927,0.000032121152,0.00029511875,0.000022188377,0.00023227002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870694,0.00005497261,0.000335527,0.00029280607,0.0002567027,0.00035307027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949443,0.000042771408,0.0001400677,0.0001742384,0.00005146245,0.00009705616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012776807,0.00019605391,0.00028219237,0.00010255647,0.00011619839,0.000047096375,0.00014229419,0.00003771428,0.0002845642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000060532752,0.0002140982,0.000059527803,0.00023687936,0.0000895301,0.00008794075,0.00010164831,0.00030413078,0.0000039277747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007949212,0.0052608093,0.007446199,0.000101834026,0.00030946196,0.0000496021,0.001508091,0.0034370779,0.8516044,0.114098124,0.001235323,0.014154171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02185697,0.014218116,0.0013015063,0.00019697162,0.00026514436,0.000021585674,0.0050067566,0.5231519,0.40749958,0.021863656,0.0022487876,0.0023690267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008979209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010426738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51971483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072480994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000661918,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8730671},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304989918","doi":"10.1364/josaa.473313","title":"Structurally stable beams in the turbulent atmosphere: dark and antidark beams on incoherent background [Invited]","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation Group of Jinan; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Scintillation; Optics; Isotropy; Turbulence; Beam (structure); Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Computational physics; Diffraction; Gaussian; Amplitude; Detector; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.008122953518019138,"score_gpt":0.22821769695969296,"score_spread":0.22009474344167382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304989918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98989856,0.00016633452,0.0003109137,0.008367427,0.00015358497,0.00018584743,0.000017657136,0.000002327598,0.000897352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904514,0.000020130408,0.007996921,0.0012924732,0.00013017487,0.0000053430067,0.0000024033911,0.0000147012015,0.000086463384],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983707,0.00012940551,0.00042707278,0.00013244315,0.00069680734,0.00024359096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990502,0.00016270162,0.00042284594,0.00024265231,0.000054932472,0.000066670626],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040630615,0.00015401891,0.00030032036,0.0000068689856,0.00022556892,0.00005958793,0.0005225897,0.000023270766,0.00018626986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007944689,0.00008807205,0.00035965056,0.00029414246,0.00027618537,0.00008817868,0.0002834031,0.0007170746,8.8119003e-7],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002097693,0.014873375,0.13310234,0.0005367734,0.0061401916,0.00010075588,0.060676463,0.23084192,0.024573188,0.048395198,0.34237006,0.13629203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015054394,0.015387929,0.22754489,0.00084681966,0.0014393084,0.00057270157,0.38447583,0.034246415,0.006809575,0.08550685,0.22514726,0.0029680424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009489621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.1950967e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32379934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000109144654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005560951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35914737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308132568","doi":"10.1364/josaa.480104","title":"Classical entanglement of twisted random light propagating through atmospheric turbulence [Invited]: publisher’s note","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Atmospheric turbulence; Turbulence; Physics; Statistical physics; Optics; Atmospheric optics; Quantum mechanics; Meteorology; Quantum","score_opus":0.007214050893212183,"score_gpt":0.23032078124985977,"score_spread":0.2231067303566476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308132568","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8371679,0.00083898706,0.077867016,0.06881782,0.002431037,0.001332037,0.0000935364,0.000034921177,0.011416746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90185153,0.000011000069,0.096996695,0.000591914,0.00022945048,0.000011202034,0.0000027863973,0.000023802526,0.0002816157],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976752,0.0001367616,0.0008192566,0.0001510691,0.00094220357,0.00027551403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980702,0.00018305045,0.0011971714,0.00025977154,0.00020189217,0.00008793607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003943718,0.00016648557,0.0004987052,0.0000061047504,0.00018196527,0.000036554724,0.0006254521,0.000030523253,0.00042265689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050098417,0.000113258815,0.0009323273,0.0005053495,0.00033820813,0.00019672871,0.000512307,0.0006386644,0.0000010789136],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026226444,0.019882837,0.030721303,0.000936495,0.008481148,0.000039956707,0.048986364,0.048840247,0.2784235,0.01476966,0.4193444,0.12695147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.030748371,0.011129229,0.004360996,0.001268359,0.0032054996,0.00022262296,0.093396865,0.119750984,0.11102964,0.041134343,0.5808481,0.0029049923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029814504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.054708e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16739383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014752321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012163567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46277967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308995323","doi":"10.1364/josaa.473363","title":"Generation of volumetrically full Poincaré beams","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Collimated light; Optics; Radial polarization; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Light beam; Laser beams; Physics; Spatial coherence; Beam (structure); Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging; Laser; Laser beam quality; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01395899699047943,"score_gpt":0.23494981476168839,"score_spread":0.22099081777120896,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308995323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9500035,0.00022606552,0.04181809,0.0048956857,0.0005131714,0.00015591136,0.000042416174,0.000004147367,0.002341019],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94809204,0.000006931468,0.05119255,0.00016751631,0.0002635721,0.0000020192865,0.0000020714915,0.000010617796,0.00026266297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986946,0.000058671027,0.0004654604,0.000073180476,0.0005741026,0.00013398813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998889,0.000077770754,0.0006497834,0.00016094046,0.00016284222,0.000059609396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026279147,0.0000812254,0.0002642996,0.000023266315,0.00011176332,0.0000109219045,0.00035157663,0.00001771358,0.00039046386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023700739,0.000058905964,0.0006901513,0.000397189,0.000180065,0.000060121867,0.0002492866,0.00032163804,0.0000013357176],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003605706,0.007239822,0.026961414,0.00014612848,0.003597002,0.000005168866,0.0075401203,0.056903195,0.5391914,0.0139348665,0.18196759,0.1621527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01338995,0.023937419,0.03203334,0.00028363348,0.0035474724,0.00027959727,0.05608477,0.40682697,0.17875752,0.036290143,0.24569345,0.002875749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025340665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3639378e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3604339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006337275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009019464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42753056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309193304","doi":"10.1007/s11082-022-04310-6","title":"200 Gbps free-space optics data transmission using orbital angular momentum multiplexed beams and PAM-4 signals","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Optiwave Systems (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Multiplexing; Transmission (telecommunications); Spectral efficiency; Free-space optical communication; Bandwidth (computing); Haze; Bit error rate; Wavelength-division multiplexing; Computer science; Optical communication; Physics; Electronic engineering; Optics; Angular momentum; Channel (broadcasting); Modulation (music); Telecommunications; Wavelength; Engineering; Acoustics","score_opus":0.019526130022218983,"score_gpt":0.25297697749143877,"score_spread":0.2334508474692198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309193304","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97695017,0.0048521357,0.015421297,0.0010237842,0.00013541759,0.0004872101,0.00044618204,0.00006388945,0.0006199187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98585486,0.00015491973,0.012726179,0.000059973532,0.00020729574,0.000027966864,0.00042155109,0.0000786672,0.00046858942],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973382,0.00010151043,0.0004337146,0.00074371614,0.000511319,0.0008715809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986436,0.00014089594,0.00012522833,0.0007068163,0.000050157734,0.00033329855],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000445195,0.00038282727,0.00043420796,0.000083469844,0.0006750232,0.00016087902,0.00055249885,0.000077296725,0.00032865914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017194883,0.00037113723,0.000087384324,0.00027056815,0.00019161633,0.0003095598,0.0011795057,0.00068580906,0.0000039702245],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005630034,0.0027172908,0.0029971215,0.00024264173,0.0008920076,0.000153133,0.0012530611,0.0050214566,0.26217306,0.7007587,0.002232075,0.020996433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033033225,0.0014985093,0.000117979456,0.00005530285,0.00047232592,0.000109351895,0.0020782938,0.892071,0.009423605,0.05252212,0.03693754,0.0014106428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007516178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000016711425,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88704956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008259801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015562469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309327226","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.add2002","title":"Experimental realization of neutron helical waves","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Nuclear Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Neutron; Physics; Characterization (materials science); Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Wavefront; Realization (probability); Electron; Detector; Optics; Angular momentum; Computational physics; Nuclear physics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008134528764877984,"score_gpt":0.28023282807259337,"score_spread":0.2720982993077154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309327226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.991533,0.0002526045,0.00055424013,0.000038725575,0.00025776046,0.0000709374,0.000015531525,0.000010477361,0.0072667194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999232,4.5782213e-7,0.00045088714,0.000014523151,0.000038809383,0.000016631826,0.00000617092,0.0000030989697,0.00023744456],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932396,0.000011703374,0.00009423757,0.0001422988,0.00029874183,0.00012902505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997776,0.000008616863,0.00005819693,0.0001043949,0.000021632413,0.0000295425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000109427165,0.00004392134,0.000056250832,0.000041729734,0.0002297912,0.000013449548,0.00020416372,0.0000024105832,0.00036142633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002338838,0.00004160167,0.00002298707,0.00031697997,0.0002508161,0.0003091699,0.00015850677,0.000038151975,0.0000032855646],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010361004,0.0002616645,0.008419988,0.00000445473,0.000003309251,4.8179504e-7,0.0010961189,0.0030968112,0.82528865,0.15501262,0.000050406656,0.0067551075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001843167,0.000250562,0.0020796137,0.000003948629,0.0000032785265,9.381029e-7,0.0076120077,0.0005341883,0.9737758,0.008830777,0.0065969597,0.00012762073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018260856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7806946e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1484871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027531396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041537638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3957365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310155567","doi":"10.1038/s41566-022-01100-0","title":"Nonlinear helical dichroism in chiral and achiral molecules","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Circular dichroism; Circular polarization; Chirality (physics); Physics; Molecular physics; Multipole expansion; Helicity; Dichroism; Molecule; Chemical physics; Optics; Chemistry; Crystallography; Quantum mechanics; Chiral symmetry breaking","score_opus":0.0027762378858163044,"score_gpt":0.22676201378578828,"score_spread":0.22398577589997198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310155567","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917639,0.0008667038,0.000030289522,0.0003732937,0.00023219745,0.00017225773,0.00013571819,0.000021556929,0.0064040693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99647826,0.0000049799655,0.0025341671,0.00034839098,0.000092733324,0.000035068522,0.0000946651,0.000021869377,0.00038986487],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911904,0.000037066307,0.00014325965,0.00023644052,0.00022123418,0.00024293069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969363,0.000023408438,0.00004159842,0.00016800614,0.000013364357,0.000059961654],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010455651,0.0001323094,0.0001469999,0.000059407208,0.000121372526,0.000029477396,0.00016627985,0.00006228598,0.0002368299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005095906,0.00013321593,0.000059360224,0.00017202253,0.000040915034,0.0000489842,0.00033295236,0.0011471577,0.00000565802],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005225577,0.00536258,0.19181201,0.00015588997,0.00048582684,0.00041456913,0.006146901,0.0033292277,0.024241935,0.73518276,0.0050415318,0.02730422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0114221405,0.0018089154,0.020094259,0.00008692221,0.00020238095,0.0001247075,0.0060183033,0.24529229,0.037629984,0.13340299,0.5404577,0.0034593781],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028792778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000044476396,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60177976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045925775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004355352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5432388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312190544","doi":"10.1364/oe.479878","title":"Optical fiber with fractional orbital angular momentum","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Poynting vector; Wedge (geometry); Physics; Optics; Angular momentum; Photon; Propagation constant; Optical fiber; Waveguide; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Magnetic field","score_opus":0.006796247425325303,"score_gpt":0.21707937988377501,"score_spread":0.2102831324584497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312190544","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8355638,0.000060687715,0.007328364,0.0004283913,0.00046840636,0.00038706922,0.00029148464,0.00009213563,0.15537967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9747692,3.408286e-7,0.010073074,0.000044643057,0.00037188048,0.00018766591,0.00019096315,0.000053806332,0.014308455],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984253,0.00003547181,0.00021565237,0.00033079582,0.00060808886,0.0003847132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992903,0.000058645077,0.00009226853,0.0003546426,0.000065007785,0.00013915973],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010656858,0.000208748,0.00018896646,0.00006143414,0.00036018985,0.00009125746,0.00027554025,0.000025009493,0.008510078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030150422,0.00020046081,0.00009443963,0.00016990124,0.00009323844,0.00017404009,0.00037147698,0.00039177932,0.00014230852],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00061745144,0.0058469567,0.017191004,0.000080624726,0.0014936433,0.0005473808,0.0019012319,0.08719708,0.018943693,0.8326164,0.029080655,0.004483877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011140816,0.0038731454,0.0029531626,0.000106422856,0.0008166388,0.00042076348,0.016626418,0.032039702,0.054425526,0.049107753,0.8227859,0.0057037193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021969605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6750415e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7937053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007239753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006412646,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9923963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312339572","doi":"10.1109/jlt.2022.3217976","title":"Integrated Phased Array for Scalable Vortex Beam Multiplexing","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Multiplexer; Multiplexing; Optical vortex; Scalability; Beamforming; Physics; Optical communication; Optics; Topology (electrical circuits); Electronic engineering; Computer science; Beam (structure); Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.010241423048808563,"score_gpt":0.24324087788326199,"score_spread":0.23299945483445342,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312339572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85266435,0.0003559255,0.13923712,0.0028011554,0.0011541095,0.00040899293,0.00014849364,0.00008398938,0.0031458552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787414,0.0000012285452,0.02018811,0.000041973348,0.00021167881,0.000036147456,0.000014384096,0.000026798545,0.0007382725],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988665,0.000022940427,0.00048473963,0.00014433419,0.00019246666,0.0002890201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899375,0.00006733943,0.00048384245,0.00019056525,0.00020855671,0.000055956254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029089453,0.00014393308,0.0003198601,0.00040381905,0.00022378644,0.000024075507,0.00040054112,0.000054267228,0.0005750591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032420245,0.00012750688,0.00019577098,0.0004279141,0.000075603435,0.00009865716,0.000059153517,0.0005350254,0.000006361302],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013407995,0.00081642566,0.009231152,0.000014495707,0.00039298882,0.000018189388,0.00019064281,0.00026238817,0.95042723,0.027359199,0.0032442561,0.007908922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002253764,0.0012153594,0.000046995705,0.000025893745,0.00008242532,0.00008384453,0.002711849,0.00018796485,0.67066175,0.056817606,0.26565376,0.00025880145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006426898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.142296e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27976552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011320427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011004139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6296494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312452255","doi":"10.1109/jlt.2022.3226628","title":"Using Standard 2×2 MIMO to Increase Capacity of Spatial Multiplexing with OAM Modes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"MIMO; Spatial multiplexing; Multiplexing; 3G MIMO; Electronic engineering; MIMO-OFDM; Multi-user MIMO; Transmission (telecommunications); Computer science; Telecommunications; Engineering; Beamforming","score_opus":0.01840224847011712,"score_gpt":0.24993611988993084,"score_spread":0.2315338714198137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312452255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9543652,0.000029221002,0.044497855,0.0003402386,0.00009383316,0.000119662545,0.000084143576,0.000013927501,0.0004559555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9547138,3.9214186e-7,0.045113545,0.000016871445,0.000108217355,0.0000041984954,0.0000014606281,0.000018044366,0.000023430268],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988877,0.000041728883,0.00040827855,0.0001216558,0.00033013592,0.00021049374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990037,0.000029723551,0.00048687402,0.00019419297,0.00021134866,0.00007417955],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022605868,0.00012896636,0.00035355118,0.0004113593,0.00012639488,0.000011641121,0.0002782957,0.000036785677,0.00017721222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019582914,0.00010915138,0.000090207905,0.0003268985,0.00010070888,0.00008193033,0.00024065068,0.00040982047,9.221778e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016192718,0.0011947432,0.19599317,0.0000658415,0.00117672,0.00023859633,0.00144145,0.03660276,0.6835549,0.06883212,0.00033038342,0.008950055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004633508,0.006917078,0.0010385454,0.00023242376,0.00037758556,0.0005603016,0.007839738,0.0059517645,0.924025,0.04017404,0.0074318796,0.0008181529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021416173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009652005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24047008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013280977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012601113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4451064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312742877","doi":"10.1109/lawp.2022.3214123","title":"A Low-Profile Antenna System for Generating Reconfigurable OAM-Carrying Beams","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Phase shift module; Antenna (radio); Phase (matter); Notation; Topology (electrical circuits); Physics; Mathematics; Computer science; Discrete mathematics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Combinatorics; Quantum mechanics; Arithmetic","score_opus":0.009929784691058449,"score_gpt":0.2119736789505144,"score_spread":0.20204389425945593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312742877","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9456492,0.000040256367,0.051482927,0.0008107903,0.0007567798,0.0006958071,0.00014988885,0.00007449699,0.00033984985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99720985,0.0000015933448,0.00080907316,0.00040827983,0.0004728263,0.00054615305,0.00013332661,0.000043514432,0.00037538525],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986482,0.000064415355,0.0003415333,0.00037699006,0.00021021777,0.00035860421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994063,0.0000461092,0.00021782763,0.000182289,0.00007540369,0.00007209168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028366433,0.00019760807,0.0002397171,0.00008257651,0.0008347305,0.00014279682,0.00014039238,0.000022818987,0.00008218146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026473908,0.0001983371,0.00010633131,0.00015498308,0.00005088939,0.00020613751,0.00004388385,0.00018310096,0.000007148342],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003630412,0.000065290056,0.0010369024,0.00019520504,0.00007928566,0.000007080663,0.00054897805,0.0007337372,0.98541516,0.0032269838,0.00083750114,0.007817553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034411657,0.00045897136,0.00022983529,0.0004120107,0.00015854137,0.000052419335,0.014947635,0.6415087,0.33502695,0.00032049042,0.0019231613,0.0015200992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008082327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.273995e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65038824,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077164514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003392927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8087953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312816332","doi":"10.1109/pn56061.2022.9908249","title":"Airy Beams on Incoherent Background","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 Photonics North (PN)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Diffraction; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Physics; Optics; Spatial coherence; Gaussian; Aperture (computer memory); Homogeneous; Free space; Range (aeronautics); Statistical physics; Acoustics; Quantum mechanics; Materials science","score_opus":0.010948596430633464,"score_gpt":0.22677498467848972,"score_spread":0.21582638824785627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312816332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.966501,0.00010220771,0.000069187445,0.00010192533,0.00095909095,0.0003886158,0.0004175469,0.00006035903,0.03140005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888791,0.000004797567,0.00041685422,0.00042787302,0.0001919262,0.00030924054,0.00056142255,0.00006366119,0.009145111],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981622,0.00007335976,0.0003037859,0.00043488544,0.00058110576,0.00044465388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990503,0.00004497752,0.00014699339,0.0005868429,0.000035423076,0.00013546293],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016356216,0.00025818462,0.00024068491,0.000083977364,0.0004583064,0.000063719104,0.00044561192,0.000024538978,0.010497513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002066786,0.00027769792,0.00020343048,0.00035354553,0.000046039106,0.000088264904,0.0006003181,0.0006319367,0.0003599539],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006852061,0.012978811,0.32521266,0.00019600047,0.0023243846,0.0003758848,0.008246339,0.07351774,0.002170702,0.40094876,0.11174328,0.061600234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025340307,0.0016426357,0.010506942,0.000021487385,0.00014987966,0.000011701368,0.0042079487,0.009126883,0.0030245273,0.012671973,0.95447755,0.0016244352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028391977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033748773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8427343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024187936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012592503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313250057","doi":"10.1364/oe.480802","title":"Reflection mode optical trapping using polarization symmetry breaking from tilted double nanoholes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Optical tweezers; Polarization (electrochemistry); Materials science; Trapping; Opacity; Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging; Scattering; Optical force; Reflection (computer programming); Light scattering; Optoelectronics; Laser; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.024063330681426704,"score_gpt":0.28030178351746093,"score_spread":0.25623845283603425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313250057","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8958989,0.000042823885,0.093893796,0.000048285397,0.00053598336,0.00019366223,0.00014183995,0.00006809548,0.00917663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812811,6.592287e-7,0.01751969,0.000026226064,0.00036262302,0.00002931225,0.00035581316,0.00004948588,0.00037511575],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986394,0.000053414744,0.0002854629,0.00034065836,0.00036465266,0.0003164098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938136,0.00004411567,0.00014128683,0.00029503112,0.00005879592,0.00007940748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010510947,0.00018670462,0.00019129987,0.00010811021,0.0005329327,0.00015223456,0.00022197147,0.00004786893,0.00032804045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035550904,0.0002225997,0.000096497984,0.0002985776,0.00003829036,0.0002442066,0.0002916589,0.00032089546,0.000007209215],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009707078,0.00044303224,0.004009313,0.00001797426,0.00018920403,0.000008191383,0.0009502666,0.064328656,0.83629227,0.09120396,0.000068400055,0.0023916687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032121034,0.00020941523,0.00031796607,0.00011915244,0.00035913876,0.000014378156,0.0047212252,0.6215598,0.34258997,0.022093486,0.0034377673,0.0013655633],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006427757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017247644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5572312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000133949,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047705333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9077352},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4315874259","doi":"10.1038/s41598-022-27319-z","title":"Complementing two-photon fluorescence detection with backscatter detection to decipher multiparticle dynamics inside a nonlinear laser trap","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali; University Grants Commission","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Backscatter (email); Femtosecond; Physics; Excitation; Laser; Fluorescence; Photon; Trapping; Trap (plumbing); Optics; Computer science","score_opus":0.011655036306021407,"score_gpt":0.25308497691145604,"score_spread":0.24142994060543463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4315874259","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884244,0.0000012343849,0.008619053,0.00006073807,0.001762083,0.0004711218,0.000009615171,0.00013249135,0.0005192443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99572057,4.1146947e-8,0.002765333,0.000020975805,0.00013162674,0.000074501935,0.000076914745,0.000033394746,0.0011766367],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979807,0.00003257523,0.00040268002,0.00065478246,0.00045486755,0.00047439546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989235,0.000025683872,0.00017930695,0.0005533314,0.00016332531,0.00015489779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006013387,0.00017639901,0.00015085419,0.00017669238,0.00043695257,0.00034162137,0.00010131881,0.000023798862,0.00015316036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001744118,0.0001603688,0.00007756647,0.0011553857,0.00009662602,0.00024701227,0.0001173145,0.00012746321,0.00024384045],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005690669,0.0002934966,0.116992526,0.00003999811,0.00009712971,0.00015353585,0.0011889058,0.007074539,0.79058754,0.000042715044,0.0005712748,0.08290145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044119466,0.000117545846,0.008468489,0.00005439951,0.0000381445,0.000024270617,0.0010879864,0.12799746,0.85616714,0.0010437672,0.0041669407,0.0003926388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025335807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00089698413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12092292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008785213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039483253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.653965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316034760","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2022-0502","title":"Spin–orbit coupling induced by ascorbic acid crystals","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanophotonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Ascorbic acid; Spin–orbit interaction; Nanomaterials; Coupling (piping); Spin (aerodynamics); Materials science; Condensed matter physics; Chemical physics; Orbit (dynamics); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Physics; Composite material; Aerospace engineering","score_opus":0.013526947172114672,"score_gpt":0.2600380699078928,"score_spread":0.24651112273577813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316034760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99225134,0.00014067539,0.00014857322,0.0001561922,0.00060008804,0.0002871758,0.00011295541,0.0002127329,0.006090254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963779,0.000018516514,0.0004678814,0.00008132062,0.000111838395,0.00006053458,0.00019540748,0.00006597508,0.0026206302],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838287,0.000013529294,0.00031996536,0.0003740065,0.00034792503,0.0005616855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991743,0.000044552948,0.00012618411,0.00044051697,0.00007008549,0.00014435028],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021849535,0.00025105954,0.00026780192,0.000072543175,0.00018111957,0.00011051336,0.00031066767,0.00009857414,0.0005660886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013099471,0.00025883754,0.00014791447,0.00060353446,0.000041058258,0.00013891008,0.00019488858,0.00028270457,0.0011710993],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010603921,0.00014472849,0.0021314076,0.00003176783,0.00011236179,0.000011922484,0.00025033983,0.00023898939,0.98162234,0.0050132386,0.009303617,0.0011286942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017107251,0.0003161224,0.0006603059,0.00011161151,0.00010041608,0.0000027956255,0.0012660204,0.04123733,0.8638502,0.008504264,0.08093227,0.0013079843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007206648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014851943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11777217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006218033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000097961594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317791678","doi":"10.1088/2515-7647/acb57b","title":"Roadmap for optical tweezers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Australian Research Council; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels; Marshall Space Flight Center; H2020 European Research Council; Office of Naval Research; Instituto Nacional de Fotônica; Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Vetenskapsrådet; Petrobras; Novo Nordisk; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Israel Science Foundation; European Commission; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Grantová Agentura České Republiky; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Computer graphics (images); Physics; Optics; Materials science","score_opus":0.01616670570432478,"score_gpt":0.2755879991511499,"score_spread":0.25942129344682513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317791678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9664524,0.000051319817,0.025340248,0.0004828542,0.0013251923,0.00029263046,0.000074517695,0.000037850972,0.0059429556],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98967975,0.000009356037,0.00829451,0.000057089368,0.0010950695,0.000011310193,0.000022162454,0.00004525505,0.0007854932],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891174,0.0000105125555,0.0003712601,0.00011301042,0.00029070931,0.00030276985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990809,0.00010933859,0.000280886,0.00017104756,0.00023098626,0.0001268584],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028688714,0.00014077894,0.0002728947,0.00006118458,0.00007747283,0.000055544715,0.00024741597,0.000034442433,0.0000466292],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016597261,0.00012616494,0.00037517885,0.00027265982,0.00004832557,0.00017995945,0.000063062565,0.00022658428,0.000065015585],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002592,0.0014411538,0.0052413736,0.00018259241,0.0015995133,0.000055157914,0.0018745041,0.014632475,0.06560583,0.76649946,0.047575176,0.09503359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051572025,0.0014411927,0.0011290178,0.00016847915,0.00053396047,0.000020007745,0.0026143445,0.038876977,0.26588577,0.58912385,0.09398189,0.0010673276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000029826251,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2174553e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20027995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004124894,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000132171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5144857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4322502968","doi":"10.3390/s23052590","title":"Generation of Mixed-OAM-Carrying Waves Using Huygens’ Metasurface for Mm-Wave Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sensors","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Angular momentum; Antenna (radio); Position (finance); Phase (matter); Aperture (computer memory); Computer science; Topology (electrical circuits); Acoustics; Telecommunications; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.11005156514291975,"score_gpt":0.30873037255727553,"score_spread":0.19867880741435578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4322502968","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983099,0.000032981072,0.015436378,0.00006623597,0.00016007521,0.00040421897,0.00014997537,0.000036639423,0.0006145245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98464894,0.0000019589052,0.013999334,0.0000052472033,0.00030034344,0.00003899483,0.00015913582,0.000025701978,0.0008203121],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993133,0.000020672454,0.00020071695,0.00017175516,0.00011202816,0.00018154891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952465,0.000055786208,0.00010215879,0.00019375664,0.000087137836,0.000036523426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012256423,0.00009902932,0.0001415284,0.000061445324,0.00012292062,0.000021513515,0.00005434779,0.000026472833,0.000022884837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006940526,0.000102309976,0.00010842197,0.00022818397,0.00003371958,0.00004744387,0.000034196128,0.000044219516,0.000025070209],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007925434,0.00011158117,0.0021813193,0.00010490867,0.00033307305,8.524845e-7,0.00088647474,0.088739865,0.8464406,0.050666817,0.00091390166,0.009612654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051659823,0.000047617592,0.0006401115,0.000023410737,0.00020593028,0.0000012553003,0.0022638277,0.41740215,0.5610169,0.008373656,0.009100647,0.00040789033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028144887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000015127448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3286623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017788721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021890899,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.417208},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323538277","doi":"10.1117/12.2657267","title":"Time domain metrology with optical tweezers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Dipole; Metrology; Particle displacement; Physics; Optical force; Drop (telecommunication); Particle (ecology); Amplitude; Autocorrelation; Displacement (psychology); Optics; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.004981338422418336,"score_gpt":0.21434004458715072,"score_spread":0.2093587061647324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323538277","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75400406,0.000001850808,0.0025340598,0.0008752211,0.000045146673,0.000079112,0.0000066107336,0.00011788104,0.24233605],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9773581,1.314595e-7,0.0047224206,0.00007183832,0.00013376457,0.000014800351,0.000040597577,0.000018557268,0.017639779],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993919,0.000012412828,0.00008400515,0.00014681583,0.00011063974,0.00025423156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970716,0.000045451856,0.000016871894,0.00014770735,0.000013756295,0.000069043235],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000077783865,0.00008822634,0.00011271137,0.000051043917,0.00004122564,0.000018659259,0.00009049743,0.000020427622,0.0020774398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000012776293,0.00006413158,0.000040747003,0.00022948567,0.00009160229,0.000044138673,0.000062779545,0.00007442013,0.003870513],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048733276,0.00018924345,0.020653877,0.000008097594,0.00037009316,0.000049271683,0.0002649471,0.00040764178,0.006082961,0.94591004,0.022106977,0.0039080987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01526897,0.005588277,0.045294233,0.000083484614,0.0006683181,0.000056200195,0.018438356,0.031749725,0.065274425,0.4539631,0.3581612,0.0054537156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012583955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.6910775e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49194697,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009123323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019291216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988348},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365509652","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.130.153803","title":"Observation of Anomalous Orbital Angular Momentum Transfer in Parametric Nonlinearity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Parametric statistics; Orbital angular momentum of light; Nonlinear system; Nonlinear optics; SIGNAL (programming language); Sum-frequency generation; Optics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Quantum mechanics; Computer science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.021181807756924048,"score_gpt":0.28030383972804995,"score_spread":0.25912203197112593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365509652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99706364,0.00044578974,0.00028471468,0.0015213649,0.00007104688,0.0003813853,0.000041450137,0.00003057631,0.00016000553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892837,0.000122051075,0.00014320678,0.0004408527,0.00013768185,0.000052029984,0.00013105929,0.000020001382,0.000024740544],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987847,0.00006148501,0.0003604414,0.00023570425,0.0002801637,0.00027749146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995085,0.000096099066,0.00006172662,0.0002459743,0.00003175262,0.000055950302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018410195,0.00016373875,0.0004179175,0.00010330361,0.000022403583,0.000012337815,0.0001695851,0.000008939888,0.000051348597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019304342,0.00015189392,0.00021893649,0.001435791,0.000054694505,0.00014027387,0.000046422974,0.00016859802,0.00010662627],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008878407,0.0070545897,0.6723176,0.011526926,0.00077202066,0.00019300802,0.002002233,0.004476197,0.1834539,0.05320841,0.010477203,0.05442909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0072438777,0.0011544428,0.76253426,0.008920109,0.0012788664,0.0000065711074,0.00054997095,0.12938192,0.041516997,0.021835802,0.020735307,0.004841883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008108893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.977104e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14193691,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029389052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001652103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61940545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4365510849","doi":"10.1364/ol.488365","title":"Divide and focus: generating novel focal polarization modalities by symmetry-based phase tailoring in one dimension","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Photonics; Linear polarization; Elliptical polarization; Lens (geology); Structured light; Laser","score_opus":0.01758149210780735,"score_gpt":0.2402587549476595,"score_spread":0.22267726283985215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365510849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8820675,0.000020363146,0.115504056,0.001977071,0.00009177094,0.00012983712,0.00006557166,0.00004036751,0.00010344337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99184763,0.0000011369125,0.007375104,0.00027659777,0.00015100918,0.000017996825,0.00022129015,0.000031101208,0.00007812658],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903935,0.000022244772,0.00022418833,0.00022953874,0.0001913604,0.00029332988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996402,0.00007497818,0.00006690833,0.00013669115,0.000019761628,0.00006141985],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015036364,0.00014904924,0.00015142093,0.00012655793,0.00010910326,0.00010724305,0.00006756431,0.000033223754,0.0000086576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012867561,0.00016737876,0.00003553403,0.00025957866,0.000047606965,0.00015597045,0.00008126706,0.00014173191,0.0000078649355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010986946,0.00021278234,0.015251282,0.000032351392,0.00003713791,0.0000044585813,0.0002972931,0.006431767,0.9645426,0.010173943,0.0002195317,0.0027858655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006358882,0.00022445162,0.0012981356,0.0002501887,0.00009705842,9.069757e-7,0.00074917305,0.7956236,0.19141805,0.0026137847,0.0003424621,0.0010232937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013263039,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021111882,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78919184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003832272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013435764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6825508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376274787","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.19.054044","title":"Electrodynamics of Accelerated-Modulation Space-Time Metamaterials","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Applied","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Metamaterial; Physics; Modulation (music); General relativity; Space (punctuation); Space time; Curved space; Spacetime; Optics; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Acoustics; Computer science","score_opus":0.012571163747813441,"score_gpt":0.28950823042421764,"score_spread":0.2769370666764042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376274787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769069,0.00021902857,0.00038433337,0.00027679474,0.00006622551,0.0007773439,0.000056426677,0.00012224176,0.021190692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99878484,0.00015380571,0.00016943061,0.00003729732,0.00022441898,0.00009034388,0.0002744569,0.000027982744,0.00023743497],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990228,0.000030256837,0.00028585887,0.00021006398,0.00021356494,0.00023745785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993987,0.000056118166,0.00017414424,0.00026883616,0.000049698097,0.000052475418],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016911309,0.0001649107,0.0005038436,0.00003476439,0.00003556646,0.000019212126,0.000148787,0.000015141112,0.00028868517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000075375865,0.00014196144,0.00014945358,0.00050790166,0.00003325634,0.00005843732,0.00008159755,0.00007590604,0.0011167058],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007803373,0.00016273247,0.00005075635,0.00046362018,0.00011008566,3.0631284e-7,0.000036210524,0.00011679902,0.73005486,0.25721043,0.0010175483,0.0107688485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013974332,0.00022563414,0.004306685,0.0010034471,0.0009573202,6.524829e-7,0.000054246466,0.03861221,0.5701064,0.3680055,0.013795447,0.0015350343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000058963064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7778795e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15994848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018396424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002496221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999661},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380319439","doi":"10.1117/1.ap.5.3.036006","title":"Single-shot Kramers–Kronig complex orbital angular momentum spectrum retrieval","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Dalian University of Technology; Sun Yat-sen University; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Princeton University; McGill University; Guangdong Provincial Pearl River Talents Program; University of California, San Diego; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; University of Glasgow; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Interferometry; Optics; Interference (communication); SIGNAL (programming language); Single shot; Measure (data warehouse); Computer science; Telecommunications; Quantum mechanics; Channel (broadcasting)","score_opus":0.02517198234273298,"score_gpt":0.26716832419505476,"score_spread":0.24199634185232177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380319439","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95171773,0.00012944108,0.0004979714,0.00037234675,0.0008945759,0.00054015184,0.00032321777,0.0003801489,0.045144398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99032205,0.000014917995,0.00296814,0.0000865972,0.00015314983,0.000025802326,0.0006099902,0.000100980964,0.005718375],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976248,0.000037777176,0.00042837457,0.0005559017,0.00046508567,0.0008880544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880433,0.00008478639,0.0001849455,0.0006503194,0.00006453264,0.0002111072],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001611085,0.00037389048,0.00039113933,0.00014370936,0.00023420967,0.000101527476,0.00038211807,0.0000711304,0.0010457998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018201572,0.00040515652,0.00023636132,0.00087406894,0.00014922098,0.00027782324,0.00026473636,0.00034562804,0.0007477515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006475303,0.0025240781,0.007952074,0.00026387983,0.0011890862,0.000405693,0.0026134911,0.018750649,0.8099663,0.13010031,0.016435143,0.00915173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0054012695,0.0014774709,0.0017874892,0.00013916579,0.00020748471,0.000030272737,0.0050455467,0.043580607,0.37894645,0.087694965,0.47268817,0.0030011167],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002916165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036625863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45625302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015936929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007411264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380353685","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.05601","title":"Topologically protected vortex transport via chiral-symmetric disclination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"arXiv (Cornell University)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Regional Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Disclination; Physics; Vortex; Topological quantum number; Topological defect; Angular momentum; Topology (electrical circuits); Vorticity; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Condensed matter physics; Liquid crystal; Mechanics","score_opus":0.05841190814762304,"score_gpt":0.19239450912569372,"score_spread":0.1339826009780707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380353685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8112251,0.000011568284,0.17437835,0.00012924692,0.00063169753,0.00087037997,0.00015757667,0.0003283268,0.012267754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823517,0.0000122440715,0.00032986616,0.000012367396,0.00022858822,0.0000074207665,0.00043179028,0.00004470697,0.016581312],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983058,0.00007324529,0.00027971246,0.0008427058,0.000120286815,0.00037825614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99882954,0.000050460843,0.0002708487,0.0005765729,0.00013534346,0.000137245],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015698264,0.0003596807,0.0003685315,0.00031501244,0.00014665772,0.000039087136,0.0005711909,0.00023764362,0.00039280843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010978795,0.00038336008,0.00035604677,0.0008909819,0.00011963918,0.00012751152,0.00043525704,0.0007043615,0.0002738876],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000141575,0.001364706,0.19232047,0.00033861425,0.001107055,0.0004918766,0.00037624154,0.09028758,0.00030740167,0.7090194,0.00022239327,0.0040226663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012587976,0.00021209521,0.11740406,0.00013029194,0.00051614805,0.0000010771838,0.00031958084,0.07796663,0.00040099036,0.79985255,0.0005061198,0.001431641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003495129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017180397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17404848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012203269,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000852793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385247452","doi":"10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.018","title":"Nonlinear effects in optical trapping of titanium dioxide and diamond nanoparticles","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biophysical Journal","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health; National Research Foundation of Korea; National Research Foundation","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Materials science; Diamond; Polystyrene; Titanium dioxide; Nanoscopic scale; Tweezers; Trap (plumbing); Microfluidics; Stiffness; Nanotechnology; Titanium; Optoelectronics; Optics; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.008308909181189343,"score_gpt":0.23723295712971948,"score_spread":0.22892404794853013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385247452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.999015,0.000010510912,0.00030373683,0.00018255017,0.00009959057,0.00006315343,0.0000054541074,0.000011169953,0.00030884845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99869186,0.000004648112,0.0009321427,0.000008437445,0.00030930768,0.000003110047,0.0000020653852,0.0000115788025,0.00003686406],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992696,0.000021987915,0.00020826116,0.000110008485,0.00015891263,0.00023121912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962646,0.00011385157,0.000054709846,0.00007357235,0.000022630937,0.00010880057],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010865426,0.000094799405,0.0001882068,0.0000682932,0.000041073814,0.00003210206,0.000079532416,0.000023605106,0.000012071931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013097964,0.00008035978,0.000075765616,0.0002416071,0.00008804956,0.00009690697,0.0000652823,0.00018138175,0.0000277891],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013832597,0.00019095307,0.008673867,0.000024603567,0.000031764874,0.000032912943,0.0001289142,0.00003291695,0.97865826,0.008641739,0.000041163465,0.0035290616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010755786,0.0002634069,0.07291633,0.00013096236,0.00003743296,0.000008465007,0.00041700015,0.0058554024,0.9123738,0.006578733,0.00011587748,0.00022700736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000060019825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.741286e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06628446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001111612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001737167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32769766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385253019","doi":"10.1002/mop.33843","title":"Microstructured optical beams with azimuthal polarization in stratified absorbent media","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Microwave and Optical Technology Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Azimuth; Polarization (electrochemistry); Wavelength; Optics; Materials science; Beam (structure); Optoelectronics; Trapping; Optical tweezers; Physics","score_opus":0.005265189356142244,"score_gpt":0.20572215864964452,"score_spread":0.20045696929350226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385253019","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99021816,0.000022147786,0.0032714137,0.0055903033,0.00008017922,0.00019872561,0.000020170844,0.000119668315,0.00047923482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99250364,0.0000023364546,0.007018662,0.00020265915,0.000068711524,0.000019758121,0.00010581267,0.000026471129,0.00005191839],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987778,0.000012536892,0.00024048814,0.0003728724,0.0001317579,0.00046455167],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995885,0.000054378525,0.000042011157,0.00021315087,0.000024297007,0.00007765822],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008181272,0.0002099489,0.00023802253,0.00027747068,0.000071581424,0.000055774897,0.00015474149,0.00015532301,0.000030367419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012213889,0.0001813016,0.000037065864,0.00059728103,0.0004623488,0.000077464996,0.00013111162,0.00040414298,0.00004594112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032939122,0.0000661651,0.049638852,0.000014784257,0.000057436384,0.000090518995,0.00018988556,0.000029909308,0.8769235,0.0655475,0.00011550683,0.0072930083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004179142,0.0003635448,0.10363349,0.00012643624,0.00011840098,0.00007824393,0.0032666526,0.00073891977,0.85157704,0.033916872,0.0007180275,0.0012832126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010944638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011475501,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05399464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025757443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020044283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7393265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385256605","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2023.1232532","title":"Structured light enhanced entoptic stimuli for vision science applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada; Velux Stiftung","keywords":"Dichroic glass; CLARITY; Perception; Optics; Brush; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optometry; Computer vision; Color vision; Computer science; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Psychology; Materials science; Neuroscience; Biology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.026791905673708767,"score_gpt":0.35583884835831353,"score_spread":0.32904694268460477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385256605","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000026483276,0.6124544,0.3700673,0.000058172685,0.0082345065,0.006603672,0.00043290827,0.00017896661,0.0019435781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0014277918,0.9543612,0.031508606,0.000081802325,0.0010170264,0.0049144356,0.00017045991,0.0002621871,0.0062564868],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972465,0.00003495864,0.0005278346,0.001083353,0.00045302635,0.0006543413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873465,0.000072525385,0.00031263032,0.000655217,0.0000715407,0.0001534332],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003363374,0.00036303294,0.0007587699,0.0005683471,0.00034639222,0.00024590106,0.0015096467,0.000076430566,0.000005696496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006286356,0.0003220763,0.00024334359,0.0026623153,0.0005188119,0.0002925834,0.0003347911,0.0003010907,0.000024472763],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024210121,0.00010596838,0.00002004505,0.0021509358,0.000008861966,0.0000017021148,0.000071795395,0.00008805525,0.0003959028,0.0047571235,0.001372258,0.9910249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016731337,0.0000714941,0.000010263228,0.0009957248,0.000091224574,8.749739e-7,0.00004605483,0.0012174486,0.00017280014,0.0064652236,0.99029016,0.00047140443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027614753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.1758535e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9905535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016197306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047877984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385266178","doi":"10.1088/2040-8986/acea92","title":"Roadmap on structured waves","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Ottawa","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Office of Naval Research; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Instituto de Telecomunicações; Israel Science Foundation; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; European Commission; Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; U.S. Air Force; University of Ottawa; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; Canada Research Chairs; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Austrian Science Fund; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Photonics; Mechanical wave; Plane wave; Matter wave; Optics; Metamaterial; Wave propagation; Quantum optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Interference (communication); Quantum; Longitudinal wave; Quantum mechanics; Telecommunications; Computer science","score_opus":0.011867834781855447,"score_gpt":0.2579489959097136,"score_spread":0.24608116112785816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385266178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857448,0.000018304832,0.00033663958,0.00050663843,0.0008671217,0.000044114528,0.000014109794,0.000013744687,0.012454555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954927,0.00000649998,0.0020151369,0.0000360935,0.00083865976,4.2192272e-7,0.000004367542,0.00001610602,0.0015900186],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923944,0.000014729014,0.0002621996,0.000060951283,0.00025978498,0.00016286933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994508,0.000048842587,0.00019879392,0.00012410407,0.00009594146,0.00008153241],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013218822,0.00009259136,0.00015379518,0.000107223765,0.000044946366,0.000045962588,0.00015678172,0.000025006138,0.0001505393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015204509,0.000072453164,0.00012757344,0.00017458589,0.000024687195,0.00008221417,0.000037792648,0.0002058358,0.00010481434],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003170299,0.0011238641,0.05524845,0.00011549192,0.0019258453,0.0006143683,0.00397572,0.041326575,0.038265426,0.6815166,0.09486241,0.080708236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009448024,0.005472299,0.11258168,0.00066836557,0.0007270417,0.00019059483,0.0123730255,0.02090045,0.16167748,0.5522302,0.12121959,0.0025113018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.4217044e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.184724e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12928642,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018113024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037813512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29545543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385316024","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2023.sm2i.5","title":"Design of MPLC approach for high coupling efficiency OAM mode into ring-core optical fibers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Core (optical fiber); Coupling (piping); Ideal (ethics); Ring (chemistry); Optics; Converters; Physics; Electronic engineering; Topology (electrical circuits); Optoelectronics; Materials science; Engineering; Voltage; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02927645627410498,"score_gpt":0.2741306187127196,"score_spread":0.24485416243861463,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385316024","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26675764,0.0000052627915,0.7298169,0.000032299155,0.000072171046,0.00034780375,0.0000099610725,0.000061826904,0.0028961315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8693239,4.890702e-7,0.12942435,0.0000062100858,0.000089219444,0.00006612899,0.00005306968,0.00002336715,0.0010132459],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906486,0.0000047425733,0.00023057741,0.00023840622,0.00016924532,0.00029214498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947757,0.00013688017,0.00005434137,0.00020550066,0.00005959667,0.00006613524],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018382457,0.00013285807,0.00018918402,0.00006413035,0.00008449707,0.000024033136,0.00018443904,0.000038186394,0.000043589942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009438493,0.00011716695,0.000084130035,0.00022782512,0.00006592969,0.00005737202,0.00009697037,0.00007677544,0.000022601278],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033657045,0.00030364728,0.0009313224,0.00010284176,0.00008767133,6.629082e-7,0.0004987608,0.6808549,0.010150521,0.3051728,0.0006649233,0.0011983073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041822513,0.00012099272,0.000049986367,0.000009962216,0.000029290142,1.389199e-7,0.00071805035,0.96396405,0.019383067,0.015120252,0.000017792645,0.00016819505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000069254274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7603816e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6025663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021534343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003737055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47779295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385316334","doi":"10.1364/cleo_fs.2023.fm2b.3","title":"Topological guidance of vortices by disclination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Disclination; Vortex; Optical vortex; Topological insulator; Realization (probability); Physics; Topology (electrical circuits); Topological defect; Photonics; Condensed matter physics; Optics; Liquid crystal; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.008646369727864442,"score_gpt":0.2689084857844168,"score_spread":0.26026211605655236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385316334","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92854774,0.000016513426,0.0024347021,0.0004091539,0.0000781777,0.00004646452,0.000019291405,0.000036273796,0.06841167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99017435,0.0000010987997,0.0003548234,0.000011156561,0.000039752053,0.000005298055,0.0000276518,0.0000029765727,0.009382908],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966,0.000007963178,0.00010625547,0.000069708774,0.00007522943,0.0000808078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982923,0.00002734995,0.000036790407,0.00007162349,0.000018405752,0.000016623491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056124205,0.000036876183,0.00005631822,0.000012827801,0.000018704499,0.0000072848457,0.000063266765,0.000010735647,0.0006395992],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000051138527,0.000028069551,0.000029338498,0.000108753935,0.00003242192,0.00004669306,0.000040148618,0.000023510158,0.00010033563],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004013976,0.00018912545,0.17130938,0.000015370304,0.00003682488,6.2439415e-7,0.00015963783,0.00005218993,0.018670198,0.78342867,0.01734984,0.008784109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013232935,0.000469781,0.20036234,0.000044937355,0.000069296824,3.4458125e-7,0.0048238374,0.015459531,0.37943938,0.35403556,0.04315601,0.00081570726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030774743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.7287529e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42939314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002752299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034915363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7003163},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385361885","doi":"10.1364/cleo_si.2023.sw3p.2","title":"Designing Structured Light Fields","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Homogeneous; Computer science; Light field; Field (mathematics); Optics; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Statistical physics","score_opus":0.0094198886434557,"score_gpt":0.2316210779680327,"score_spread":0.222201189324577,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385361885","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56376994,0.000014269036,0.035298258,0.0015065923,0.0006848649,0.00018759222,0.000009686525,0.00039584938,0.39813295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9832255,2.3473252e-7,0.0017987216,0.00004355422,0.00019343928,0.0000058371697,0.000014746651,0.0000089525665,0.014709005],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995999,0.0000068675363,0.000072392366,0.00009395688,0.00007478831,0.00015209902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980587,0.000017532337,0.000015276504,0.00011300959,0.000012809699,0.000035477486],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000036304125,0.000060969993,0.000057999132,0.000031609427,0.000051660336,0.000030564162,0.000076399134,0.00001833339,0.0015927384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000017329173,0.00005098723,0.000040216426,0.00015193774,0.0000071825525,0.000046363384,0.000050161943,0.0000595108,0.0005250055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012395366,0.00009808922,0.07851328,0.00003467586,0.0002970753,0.0000311226,0.002402183,0.001039912,0.07656109,0.58543503,0.20652269,0.049052447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010371226,0.00013597653,0.009257974,0.000028681248,0.000053194824,0.0000017690955,0.004087106,0.005015851,0.6312276,0.28246158,0.06577216,0.0009209838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016812133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010125536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5546665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003936826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008603276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99932},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386123586","doi":"10.1109/pn58661.2023.10222950","title":"Self-Healing Capabilities of Airy Beams on Incoherent Background: Experimental Investigation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Realization (probability); Optics; Diffraction; Physics; Free space; Computer science; Space (punctuation); Mathematics","score_opus":0.021449239196281562,"score_gpt":0.2657254022238593,"score_spread":0.24427616302757776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386123586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9785323,0.000012705973,0.00009333996,0.00007798671,0.00018981607,0.00016221094,0.000012431497,0.00010182638,0.02081738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966176,6.172355e-7,0.001859671,0.000031359516,0.00014113043,0.00003309818,0.00006531582,0.000015684778,0.0012355018],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992694,0.000024552646,0.00020828882,0.00015088236,0.00018503917,0.00016181766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996508,0.000044312856,0.000059579263,0.0001634372,0.000026738433,0.000055139375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009331459,0.00010765073,0.00012008118,0.000059858292,0.00005561287,0.000020761488,0.00008055416,0.00002326771,0.00037163752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000014896506,0.00009820448,0.00006466119,0.0001447632,0.000054872613,0.00009095433,0.000065891116,0.00006657204,0.00015659617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028645218,0.0009319017,0.047573913,0.00022789103,0.0002427114,0.00000188089,0.012797418,0.0018196981,0.03923019,0.8919133,0.0039649718,0.0012674873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010143411,0.000636498,0.003809293,0.000094369796,0.000030539275,5.3332747e-7,0.06058284,0.008514334,0.899015,0.023745188,0.0020278366,0.0005292071],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023817777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014677626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8681681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049922677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029736339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40691704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386126652","doi":"10.1109/pn58661.2023.10222996","title":"Divide and Focus by Breaking Symmetry and Creating a New One: Generation of and Simple Switching Between Novel Focal Modalities by Phase Splitting the Incoming Beam","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Transverse plane; Physics; Focus (optics); Engineering","score_opus":0.031044655315721956,"score_gpt":0.2831941712682014,"score_spread":0.2521495159524794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386126652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91871256,0.00017933195,0.080201834,0.0002595195,0.0000121133235,0.00013614396,0.000080249396,0.000024413668,0.00039384322],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824876,0.0000042251754,0.0011934146,0.000021066844,0.0002668089,0.0000056246927,0.000063657055,0.000019521533,0.00017692502],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914676,0.000021024582,0.00027541153,0.00020834833,0.00013968628,0.00020879952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993262,0.00036042198,0.0001247906,0.00009892972,0.000017094753,0.00007250974],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002947385,0.00013828953,0.00019936243,0.000041561725,0.0003164719,0.00017357476,0.000057644742,0.000031585947,0.000006616994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023821778,0.0001145478,0.000026533964,0.00011528081,0.00004673868,0.00020547742,0.00022434091,0.000116247946,2.4551e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012252259,0.00012364918,0.22758067,0.00013097448,0.0003519895,5.428869e-7,0.0061395704,0.000058451693,0.42863134,0.025735127,0.0011512204,0.31008422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0115627,0.00078144995,0.014721422,0.00063794985,0.0009226559,0.000010829822,0.031731386,0.27675688,0.5621165,0.09725232,0.0013491937,0.0021566947],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029585315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010282671,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30792752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010785871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015255365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4671124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386128236","doi":"10.1109/pn58661.2023.10223032","title":"Vortex Beams on Incoherent Background","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Vortex; Angular momentum; Turbulence; Optical vortex; Atmospheric turbulence; Space (punctuation); Free space; Optics; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Mechanics","score_opus":0.021082955306788175,"score_gpt":0.2706577600508755,"score_spread":0.24957480474408733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386128236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7016822,0.0000021989763,0.00041635238,0.00020057525,0.00025110523,0.00008741692,0.00000966124,0.00009748829,0.29725298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9549703,4.973181e-7,0.00021174406,0.00007698897,0.00024329696,0.000015932133,0.00004337892,0.000014873704,0.04442297],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994218,0.000008544937,0.000100566926,0.00014159542,0.00013693195,0.00019055892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970347,0.000022822303,0.0000215261,0.00018313537,0.000014223316,0.00005483169],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000052975178,0.00008967091,0.00007804052,0.000038355905,0.000052751362,0.000039526403,0.000095113835,0.000015447418,0.0026562389],"category_scores_gemma":[7.7691817e-7,0.00007402553,0.0000596223,0.00016909723,0.000018747449,0.000045129822,0.00007141098,0.000072583,0.006571389],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062321687,0.00021670798,0.0129502695,0.0000079398615,0.000080358186,0.0000056253048,0.00011831331,0.00021890823,0.0004879697,0.9499203,0.023835272,0.0121521065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036524585,0.0012290045,0.118952304,0.00012559281,0.00011431366,0.0000019694417,0.011081683,0.012665168,0.038736727,0.38165048,0.42933547,0.002454842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059851864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014496292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56826985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015243945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001068916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982555},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386128265","doi":"10.1109/pn58661.2023.10222948","title":"Generation and Switching/Routing of Optical Ferris Wheel using a π-shifted Sagnac Interferometer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Interferometry; Physics; Optics; Optical vortex; Multiplexing; Angular momentum; Interference (communication); Transmission (telecommunications); Optical tweezers; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Orbital angular momentum of light; Beam (structure); Channel (broadcasting); Telecommunications; Computer science; Total angular momentum quantum number","score_opus":0.05368882890878166,"score_gpt":0.29280592560946866,"score_spread":0.239117096700687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386128265","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735731,0.0000067261835,0.023066895,0.00007928011,0.00009146364,0.00007670188,0.000004180777,0.00003138722,0.0030702883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99256796,7.317764e-7,0.006957571,0.000017598551,0.00014297217,0.0000029372854,0.000016468271,0.000013965834,0.00027978662],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993785,0.000015104165,0.00019720072,0.00014888965,0.00010099454,0.00015933503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973935,0.00003055937,0.000048947957,0.00010665416,0.000029921744,0.00004459236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012000829,0.00009131084,0.00012773546,0.00007349282,0.00005406209,0.000047099937,0.000050901883,0.000025053696,0.00011925886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007736239,0.00008111266,0.0000440769,0.0001636789,0.000023886167,0.000109061795,0.00012847662,0.000075585194,0.000014086175],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019963067,0.0002006717,0.102009594,0.00006768452,0.00026986893,0.000005929761,0.0025516213,0.0004244946,0.7529732,0.1108326,0.00042418353,0.030220201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001020106,0.000204889,0.016389258,0.00010458421,0.00012301754,0.0000038380263,0.002200382,0.8054258,0.16720662,0.0066617043,0.00012254812,0.0005372317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009896075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027303374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8050013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011632666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000123333675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33076784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386414328","doi":"10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10232248","title":"Rotation Sensing with Structured Photons and Multi-Plane Light-Conversion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Photon; Angular momentum; Physics; Rotation (mathematics); Transverse plane; Unitary state; Plane (geometry); Quantum optics; Quantum; Structured light; Set (abstract data type); Light field; Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Field (mathematics); Optics; Topology (electrical circuits); Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Quantum entanglement; Geometry; Mathematics; Engineering; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.007123048269487447,"score_gpt":0.21343391597602077,"score_spread":0.2063108677065333,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386414328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939719,0.000002300547,0.0031147094,0.00014838006,0.0000621072,0.00011569661,0.000007912142,0.0000633215,0.0025136648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99276215,5.34649e-7,0.0054972223,0.000016430511,0.000039208575,0.0000010932868,0.00006656546,0.000010078389,0.0016066929],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962646,0.000007627098,0.000058830472,0.00012018649,0.00007281672,0.00011409145],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998261,0.000013479188,0.000025258256,0.000075530974,0.000019927358,0.00003972208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000024709178,0.00007375692,0.00006453482,0.000038762006,0.00007229926,0.000033948818,0.000021590899,0.000014879292,0.0001063095],"category_scores_gemma":[7.8267647e-7,0.00005592832,0.000012843928,0.000108304725,0.000016672728,0.00006575497,0.000026431399,0.000046823036,0.000051306393],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014518622,0.00018781214,0.31339425,0.00016939473,0.0005241727,0.00009353944,0.007462314,0.0007772888,0.5917146,0.020690028,0.0054343864,0.05940701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0063630426,0.00040463434,0.0785513,0.00010513834,0.000185442,0.000023668956,0.022280782,0.16746442,0.7146195,0.003873036,0.004786964,0.001342029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006621335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009935872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23484296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006267497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008180321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22806908},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386453934","doi":"10.1364/nlo.2023.th2a.4","title":"Two-Color Aberration Cancellation with Stimulated Parametric Down-Conversion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Parametric statistics; Optics; Computer science; Property (philosophy); Degenerate energy levels; Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009180234942386456,"score_gpt":0.2393368292760399,"score_spread":0.23015659433365343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386453934","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96914035,0.0000035711403,0.0024000898,0.00015144792,0.00012990988,0.00021843708,0.000006420906,0.00012621535,0.027823582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99187547,8.205352e-7,0.000664667,0.000020758627,0.000082297265,0.000012330386,0.0001692285,0.000012512054,0.0071619055],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938655,0.000013752547,0.00011249666,0.0001605891,0.00015902457,0.00016757777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996788,0.00003890946,0.00005349413,0.00012600844,0.000057414418,0.00004537559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000644911,0.00009394303,0.000085901076,0.000118415555,0.00008227708,0.00004049194,0.000052818028,0.000020205729,0.0007653342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022242248,0.000074219766,0.000028572209,0.0008280162,0.000018999583,0.00013134899,0.000026611116,0.000062600426,0.00062081794],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002675123,0.0004777784,0.44160402,0.00007875078,0.0004566483,0.00002280374,0.0011825318,0.41097552,0.015032852,0.08736982,0.019437963,0.023093812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044363956,0.0005491294,0.049659643,0.000043761676,0.000131953,0.0000013383664,0.0017902188,0.8895056,0.041997507,0.0053698504,0.005660072,0.0008545165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003236627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008368182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4785301,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003322596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028363898,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83798724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386494861","doi":"10.1109/usnc-ursi52151.2023.10237686","title":"Concentric Circular Array Analysis to Overcome Divergence of Vortex Waves for 70 GHz Frequency Link","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex; Physics; Bandwidth (computing); Directivity; Circular polarization; Tapering; Acoustics; Telecommunications; Computer science; Optics; Antenna (radio); Microstrip","score_opus":0.014166619980085973,"score_gpt":0.26172124846847405,"score_spread":0.24755462848838808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386494861","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8896159,0.00006280969,0.101370364,0.00041284985,0.00029747517,0.0004925583,0.00032803565,0.00007242856,0.007347612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939208,0.000004365268,0.0027724572,0.000040079976,0.00014907804,0.000036975784,0.000111759975,0.000014613126,0.002949885],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989096,0.0000119584565,0.00029544433,0.00026917367,0.00021230931,0.0003015213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992814,0.000077045035,0.000087271714,0.00032397357,0.00011856738,0.000111710804],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012652768,0.00013718713,0.0002902766,0.00016618698,0.00006597924,0.0000241191,0.00022647921,0.000030447825,0.0011151201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001677045,0.00012567364,0.00033212648,0.0015866911,0.00003353869,0.0000807817,0.00007400725,0.00005228653,0.00014404452],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011358553,0.00021367069,0.8003757,0.00009326837,0.0031304343,0.000004636965,0.0012879368,0.0033208444,0.053270105,0.13221772,0.0014191793,0.0046551637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028761057,0.0008722081,0.47443485,0.00009135369,0.004987933,6.88154e-7,0.0050303848,0.026540045,0.224745,0.24225356,0.015246552,0.0029213324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026443857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028094416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32594085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023544235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002948839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999798},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386523305","doi":"10.1109/usnc-ursi52151.2023.10237908","title":"Reconfigurable Dielectric Resonator OAM Antenna with Augmented Modes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Dielectric resonator antenna; Reconfigurable antenna; Resonator; Dielectric; Antenna (radio); Dielectric resonator; Computer science; Directional antenna; Omnidirectional antenna; Electronic engineering; Optoelectronics; Acoustics; Physics; Telecommunications; Electrical engineering; Coaxial antenna; Engineering","score_opus":0.00943840360338561,"score_gpt":0.21893276018679497,"score_spread":0.20949435658340937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386523305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.63682353,0.000041312447,0.0023095165,0.00077845965,0.00009038007,0.00027557963,0.000026223746,0.0003361735,0.3593188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481819,0.000004438054,0.00032166037,0.00005630965,0.00007832394,0.00003356296,0.000047398484,0.000024230272,0.051252138],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991765,0.0000135393675,0.0001239199,0.00020611766,0.00015010439,0.00032981453],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995891,0.000031534437,0.00003762473,0.00019703929,0.000047096233,0.00009759107],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007190894,0.00012723744,0.0001268278,0.00009024648,0.00009209062,0.000050438037,0.00011605608,0.000019592098,0.0010801789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000037380742,0.00009546847,0.000046107678,0.00056054577,0.000026648024,0.00010649525,0.000025506395,0.00009728361,0.0006189101],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024906095,0.0009887464,0.08876692,0.00010782825,0.0011423789,0.00009412937,0.0006782394,0.0006156937,0.0936869,0.66618425,0.09691932,0.05056653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008760101,0.0025822145,0.022216804,0.0003541928,0.0003545759,0.000019720732,0.011160545,0.3406891,0.38867766,0.09164327,0.12930357,0.0042382465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000119444536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000034712368,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.574541,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018779096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004470269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386822927","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/acfad2","title":"General diffraction integral for converging freeform vectorial fields","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica Scripta","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Université Laval","keywords":"Diffraction; Angular spectrum method; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Wavefront; Physics; Kirchhoff's diffraction formula; Integral equation; Physical optics; Representation (politics); Field (mathematics); Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Fresnel diffraction; Pure mathematics","score_opus":0.01651855090185606,"score_gpt":0.265450879157464,"score_spread":0.24893232825560796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386822927","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9698343,0.000009606195,0.008276176,0.0010143581,0.010502501,0.00044334133,0.000137688,0.00024314772,0.0095388405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872024,7.5287335e-7,0.00033441352,0.000051566585,0.004993544,0.000090864596,0.00021307955,0.000026098534,0.0070873033],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992156,0.000010017078,0.00013804926,0.00020102944,0.00013525235,0.00030004795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996197,0.000025494259,0.00005871157,0.00019223162,0.00004776944,0.0000560917],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000057901692,0.00013503444,0.00015048131,0.000044839428,0.0001300724,0.00006321771,0.00013915356,0.000030082341,0.000101097205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073268898,0.00012565029,0.00016567572,0.00016603545,0.000028026307,0.0001945936,0.000068146815,0.00013126741,0.00016573563],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013611632,0.00044568602,0.00610861,0.000079968886,0.0004112897,0.0000035294026,0.001694266,0.00024084175,0.04743984,0.44865993,0.45761058,0.037169337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044366186,0.0006125963,0.010692081,0.00007665424,0.00023534746,0.0000010636656,0.0022202504,0.18534249,0.05472319,0.2702825,0.46987405,0.0015031475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021703809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032293178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18510164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003298662,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022246651,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.512387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386824488","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3213978/v1","title":"Intrinsic dichroism in amorphous and crystalline solids with helical light","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Circular dichroism; Amorphous solid; Materials science; Crystallography; Dichroism; Chemical physics; Optics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.039014744262337156,"score_gpt":0.3474262877994966,"score_spread":0.30841154353715944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386824488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99298114,0.0004231907,0.0004874026,0.001981861,0.000112541165,0.0011739789,0.000197014,0.00009634803,0.002546552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965989,0.000085180785,0.00028367015,0.0000094032375,0.0006474439,0.00028219164,0.0002247817,0.00009273312,0.0017756769],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970696,0.0001919591,0.0003153873,0.0007077154,0.0008664685,0.00084889686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986219,0.00018743137,0.00006493335,0.00061265327,0.0002502612,0.00026283652],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007451518,0.00030136047,0.00042186482,0.00044879978,0.00011894318,0.00024954826,0.0003613025,0.00017312959,0.00016114589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003949787,0.00025410953,0.000081228616,0.00049348985,0.00023775033,0.00006547373,0.0020729816,0.002074583,0.00013716744],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012266869,0.0050652986,0.766477,0.00982267,0.001729729,0.0044418145,0.0111343535,0.005069022,0.0044886586,0.122903205,0.021492751,0.046148814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012202068,0.0050813374,0.46283263,0.015732398,0.0002348603,0.000045288758,0.017263915,0.015541962,0.006308618,0.40251622,0.055799704,0.0064409855],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009635591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016854037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30364436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015881461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030890087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387109798","doi":"10.29026/oes.2023.230014","title":"Vectorial spin-orbital Hall effect of light upon tight focusing and its experimental observation in azopolymer films","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Opto-Electronic Science","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"Russian Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Spin Hall effect; Angular momentum; Condensed matter physics; Spin–orbit interaction; Hall effect; Electric field; Spin (aerodynamics); Angular momentum coupling; Magnetic field; Electron; Optics; Total angular momentum quantum number; Spin polarization; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008302564767587619,"score_gpt":0.2757057594681287,"score_spread":0.2674031947005411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387109798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997212,0.00033452347,0.000014198198,0.00007355671,0.0004720366,0.00025109813,0.0000039522556,0.000026604603,0.0016120143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995037,0.0000033826116,0.00006366507,0.0000036775066,0.00016847253,0.000027014179,0.000010047306,0.000014365488,0.0002057185],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840176,0.00003742023,0.00022930623,0.00037379612,0.00037492166,0.00058279396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957484,0.000059186495,0.00009585289,0.00016544553,0.000033929202,0.00007076645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052768446,0.00016516214,0.00020127805,0.00017885843,0.00014209635,0.00007066492,0.00024390347,0.000034935347,0.00007203407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024450474,0.00015010871,0.00005190222,0.0009924556,0.00010650439,0.00046041096,0.00016325434,0.00014971088,0.000024507097],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034275698,0.000054881548,0.0039582388,0.000011747675,0.000009722165,0.0000027275144,0.0003948663,0.000022196264,0.97671133,0.01729788,0.000026840493,0.0014753147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065178913,0.0004140287,0.001965491,0.000034349596,0.000008277549,0.0000016399479,0.00011759685,0.00448441,0.991635,0.00034293556,0.000174948,0.00016953785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010573619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037488635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016954944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011360297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001898721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6121256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387330754","doi":"10.1117/12.2680710","title":"Field at sharp focusing of shifted single-ring Laguerre–Gauss modes with circular polarization","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Laguerre polynomials; Gauss; Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Optics; Field (mathematics); Ring (chemistry); Quantum electrodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Pure mathematics","score_opus":0.014588640542299684,"score_gpt":0.22112079439668614,"score_spread":0.20653215385438645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387330754","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9612962,0.000012923105,0.019797258,0.00014661728,0.000040378196,0.00011117909,0.000009452873,0.00007570338,0.018510303],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968492,3.008915e-7,0.0015542251,0.000020452262,0.00007623808,0.00000504552,0.00006583847,0.000022608829,0.0014061326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993044,0.000012476368,0.00015729954,0.00016578534,0.00016536353,0.00019467314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962205,0.000040119285,0.0000691182,0.00018126245,0.000046278605,0.000041166957],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005616978,0.00010884943,0.00012978786,0.000076077944,0.00007923855,0.000036822858,0.00008749048,0.000031330288,0.00023546077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004941158,0.000094546616,0.000050999275,0.00030790633,0.000024077937,0.00013524476,0.00010641229,0.0000623534,0.000033192697],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006791054,0.00028094754,0.37055582,0.00016077052,0.00030456285,0.000013543936,0.000885156,0.00245922,0.49266756,0.12522611,0.00019316135,0.0071852286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009433864,0.00030722786,0.009038683,0.00018848215,0.00009632948,0.0000020980556,0.001132535,0.027056694,0.95311725,0.0071196267,0.00046545526,0.000532253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001691842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004913274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46044967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022153397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016254826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38554993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387389654","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.02311","title":"Oscillating Fields, Emergent Gravity and Particle Traps","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institut Périmètre de physique théorique","keywords":"Physics; Floquet theory; Curvature; Action (physics); Classical mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Field (mathematics); Quantum gravity; Charged particle; Quantum; Particle (ecology); Effective action; Quantum electrodynamics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry","score_opus":0.05533226273525902,"score_gpt":0.2818860636418707,"score_spread":0.22655380090661167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387389654","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968108,0.000081852806,0.00045653546,0.00067232753,0.0008897519,0.00018746706,0.000048563892,0.00007501012,0.0007776689],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972987,0.00001674445,0.00017866913,0.000033686272,0.00047542274,0.000034140397,0.000051101255,0.000031069987,0.0018804506],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893665,0.00003099987,0.00025099484,0.0003722838,0.00013493298,0.00027412447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936897,0.00004060627,0.000109907145,0.00034557382,0.000033509677,0.000101419544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001319892,0.00019774222,0.00021673711,0.000022359292,0.00011005898,0.00005128188,0.00013961575,0.000082821934,0.00019872558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012313147,0.00019804365,0.00012045672,0.00007283613,0.000037314127,0.00004165845,0.0006301408,0.00038060188,0.00013916365],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001976842,0.00004692271,0.99522173,0.000049257535,0.00008813502,0.0000037759548,0.00041896332,0.00014031095,0.00044841273,0.001252789,0.0005313097,0.0017963994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062822766,0.0001013553,0.9225108,0.00020974404,0.00021249421,7.4166815e-7,0.0013512899,0.003977793,0.008837957,0.056233026,0.004904653,0.0010319417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037181086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018359351,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07271097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015108338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026484116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8075986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387433550","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.110020","title":"Experimental realization of Airy beams on incoherent background","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics & Laser Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Realization (probability); Truncation (statistics); Diffraction; Physics; Optics; Airy beam; Free space; Space (punctuation); Computer science; Beam (structure); Mathematics","score_opus":0.014035681203620134,"score_gpt":0.27356111690099894,"score_spread":0.2595254356973788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387433550","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851011,0.000018419647,0.0009704722,0.0001921726,0.00022415341,0.0001754279,0.000034923483,0.00017677454,0.01310658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977034,0.0000035836374,0.00095571415,0.000018271096,0.00007173575,0.000043460346,0.00012530576,0.000028603072,0.001049973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991578,0.000012000952,0.0002289642,0.00021123626,0.00015285284,0.00023714513],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994385,0.000020959409,0.00010236967,0.0003557358,0.00004805966,0.000034341592],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058785936,0.00013933568,0.00017459995,0.00022497936,0.00005773737,0.000013393755,0.00019874514,0.00009991822,0.00017147533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000045098113,0.00014019969,0.000056823978,0.0005380291,0.00013389772,0.000048639773,0.00017668703,0.00013475555,0.00024215807],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001857544,0.00054097513,0.0045347116,0.000017579603,0.00008562463,0.000007842843,0.00014160846,0.0008125359,0.027348131,0.96231437,0.0014756743,0.0027023675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008707939,0.00069201476,0.00045273875,0.00005699425,0.000033109867,0.0000016481281,0.0042553754,0.0024334947,0.9518742,0.03468171,0.004305757,0.00034217705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018255412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.646835e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9276327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036709615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002033397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57171774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388040127","doi":"10.1109/irmmw-thz57677.2023.10299379","title":"A spiral phase plate prepared via high-resolution 3D printing for THz vortex beam generation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Terahertz radiation; Fabrication; Optics; Materials science; Beam (structure); 3D printing; Spiral (railway); Gaussian beam; Vortex; Phase (matter); Optoelectronics; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.022497023909442734,"score_gpt":0.2807900844527422,"score_spread":0.2582930605432994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388040127","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81457204,0.0000040251603,0.18304116,0.00007892008,0.0003058001,0.000432109,0.000041696025,0.00013289887,0.0013913361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857104,3.4974747e-7,0.00905436,0.000022843844,0.0007970689,0.000118530705,0.0005919993,0.000023111419,0.0036813698],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991442,0.000010566976,0.00022118773,0.00023294284,0.00011894181,0.0002721602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962914,0.000020973697,0.000081044134,0.00016561958,0.000054723332,0.000048481503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014004145,0.00012044835,0.000116285555,0.00005344132,0.00015385919,0.00006473641,0.000075485026,0.000031645865,0.00018105436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006073809,0.000114453476,0.00008232523,0.00014014776,0.000016579432,0.00015964184,0.00006638794,0.000052351737,0.000117817995],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016646403,0.0014952619,0.0066121398,0.0001355822,0.0006059697,0.000007092291,0.0015900678,0.025551153,0.66741556,0.12952133,0.017531896,0.1493675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026273225,0.00029937606,0.0007013448,0.00001421684,0.00007085936,5.921105e-7,0.00016381979,0.8893822,0.09333327,0.0075207786,0.0054943487,0.0003919057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000088680266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006147073,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.863831,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028549217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022184437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46672773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388040374","doi":"10.1109/irmmw-thz57677.2023.10299141","title":"Printed Terahertz Spiral Zone Plate for Vortex Beam Generation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Terahertz radiation; Fabrication; Beam (structure); Optics; Spiral (railway); Materials science; Gaussian beam; 3d printed; Zone plate; Optoelectronics; Vortex; Physics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Diffraction","score_opus":0.023123747725540798,"score_gpt":0.26183024576687697,"score_spread":0.23870649804133617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388040374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9238246,0.0000034931604,0.06836183,0.00024816263,0.00033195096,0.00031074788,0.000033814467,0.00011691536,0.0067684795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9593531,3.622803e-7,0.0034845131,0.00005786907,0.00060307886,0.00006744262,0.0003242563,0.000019825939,0.036089536],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943626,0.00000458273,0.00013931912,0.00015193233,0.0000781069,0.00018978823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974704,0.00001474042,0.00003240599,0.00012893029,0.00003731888,0.00003956997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006546057,0.00008810632,0.000084899104,0.000037720394,0.000069633454,0.0000471307,0.000066209526,0.00002065005,0.00038964377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022703591,0.00007790387,0.00007113355,0.000109964065,0.000012590865,0.00007958681,0.00004304854,0.00004175119,0.00030644776],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054090724,0.0006160376,0.034151793,0.00007444157,0.00056076463,0.0000078731155,0.0010546546,0.0023049314,0.33589938,0.32124364,0.06684812,0.23718426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032380756,0.00050691614,0.008974201,0.000027903585,0.00010239764,0.0000013588507,0.000818221,0.4005123,0.38034943,0.01960302,0.18476191,0.0011042288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003392009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004117881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3982074,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011305132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000129441305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4266326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388485327","doi":"10.1080/08940886.2023.2274735","title":"New Features of <i>xrt</i> : Bent Crystals, Coherent Modes, Waves with OAM","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synchrotron Radiation News","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Bent molecular geometry; Optics; Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.006350621188727179,"score_gpt":0.22696023330901968,"score_spread":0.2206096121202925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388485327","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9353255,0.000825758,0.018138932,0.0022351302,0.0005844186,0.0017716131,0.00031113732,0.00033024474,0.04047727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99338067,0.000019521329,0.0012888538,0.000033640532,0.00036805292,0.000037507976,0.00024656724,0.000033415097,0.0045918007],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988694,0.00003324222,0.00026002974,0.00024178794,0.00031763935,0.00027789548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993111,0.000034991488,0.00018685598,0.00029446112,0.000046108784,0.00012649038],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006441143,0.0001885433,0.00022669804,0.00010195654,0.00006726449,0.00004709192,0.00014844381,0.000039923278,0.00044268402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038766875,0.00015952482,0.00009545649,0.00032344274,0.000034530043,0.00014449518,0.00005137654,0.00011457881,0.00007673313],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021397819,0.0006109596,0.061100736,0.0002450788,0.0009151116,0.0000120290015,0.0028540832,0.0436491,0.040722087,0.15379597,0.29237872,0.40350214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017835531,0.0035001952,0.25378966,0.0008005942,0.0009321121,0.000015758724,0.012543997,0.026461592,0.29648817,0.058296338,0.32468075,0.0046553104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006062035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028748027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39884683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049877093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013465782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6505233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388738840","doi":"10.1039/d3lf00156c","title":"Developing 3D computational models to capture the spatial, temporal and thermal behavior as laser beams propagate through photo-thermally responsive gels","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Applied Interfaces","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Center for Research Computing, University of Pittsburgh; Army Research Office; University of Pittsburgh; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Thermal; Laser; Materials science; Laser beams; Optics; Computer science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.025064513871017588,"score_gpt":0.26706030315841606,"score_spread":0.24199578928739846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388738840","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97841907,0.000022838147,0.014481392,0.00074290135,0.0001097888,0.0008844927,0.00008094237,0.00008113392,0.005177465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936645,0.000001364604,0.0045864163,0.00038028596,0.000109599205,0.0003022943,0.00007641444,0.00004185374,0.0008372653],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879694,0.00003771987,0.0002536051,0.0003360562,0.00026054322,0.00031513078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994944,0.000080655205,0.000101059115,0.0001855899,0.000077378965,0.0000609534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013899487,0.00024311284,0.0001987886,0.000046055316,0.00023133884,0.00015052619,0.00024733332,0.000050858525,0.00017137956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024180893,0.00017720513,0.000041722862,0.00018595962,0.00011404227,0.00014440589,0.00030276686,0.00019981046,0.00026120158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014249939,0.0007020095,0.0055425353,0.00018793541,0.0013144913,0.00010011192,0.099459365,0.49342635,0.1080286,0.21969102,0.006030223,0.06409235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004936491,0.0008959427,0.016468862,0.0005655453,0.000539341,0.000035193778,0.058631916,0.080757886,0.63621,0.17608944,0.020205801,0.0046635536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043779262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013856945,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52818143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003494413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009370195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72262156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388975819","doi":"10.1364/oe.507339","title":"Three-dimensional optical multiple trapping using pure amplitude octagonal almost periodic structures","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trapping; Optics; Optical tweezers; Amplitude; Grating; Gaussian beam; Diffraction grating; Materials science; Beam (structure); Polarization (electrochemistry); Light beam; Spatial light modulator; Rotation (mathematics); Diffraction; Gaussian; Optical power; Physics; Laser; Computer science","score_opus":0.025368046137729087,"score_gpt":0.26409481899321946,"score_spread":0.23872677285549038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388975819","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98258257,0.000052822234,0.014728548,0.00012970952,0.0005366935,0.00027053055,0.00018904074,0.00013144045,0.0013786588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97572553,8.7608845e-7,0.023070313,0.000037383987,0.0006700489,0.000024032845,0.00021957072,0.00006382329,0.00018840062],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99800795,0.000022585247,0.0003524115,0.0004638674,0.00050816906,0.00064500765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990318,0.00015575587,0.00009981211,0.00040060628,0.000104082384,0.00020795358],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013185658,0.00032475597,0.0003048631,0.00011250683,0.00036743723,0.00021587068,0.00032766612,0.000103080696,0.00043558746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022035754,0.00031748827,0.00018836005,0.0002849087,0.00018784942,0.00017459848,0.0003532578,0.00034412148,0.000083818966],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019369922,0.00084922544,0.07090453,0.0002336112,0.0010723986,0.00024183728,0.0021178005,0.16047715,0.46202812,0.2885979,0.0046366625,0.008647071],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003912337,0.00020755656,0.02443865,0.00029496299,0.00033328132,0.000055366425,0.0021824185,0.8435353,0.04726765,0.06871897,0.006272015,0.0027814622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048774775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003167136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6830582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004171805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008711066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389070184","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202300593","title":"Intra‐Cavity Laser Manipulation of High‐Dimensional Non‐Separable States","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser & Photonics Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China; National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents; Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Separable state; Quantum entanglement; Physics; Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Quantum state; Quantum; Angular momentum; Separable space; Quantum mechanics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Quantum discord; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.01266978572862496,"score_gpt":0.2652069258879461,"score_spread":0.2525371401593211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389070184","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923619,0.0029444091,0.00012736418,0.000456362,0.00031543718,0.0007944853,0.00023790641,0.000069852314,0.0026922787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905852,0.004083741,0.0010133379,0.0003877637,0.00006958095,0.00009876928,0.0012166781,0.000048030695,0.002496877],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986568,0.00004755213,0.0004416445,0.0002641151,0.0002999929,0.00028989482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999141,0.00006545849,0.00019915815,0.00039184198,0.00011778816,0.00008476731],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032758623,0.00019356242,0.00042260144,0.00004983796,0.000068113746,0.000019547553,0.00016779012,0.000036540874,0.0014167565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000085900465,0.00017411826,0.00016974338,0.00046504237,0.000041850013,0.0001344365,0.00013362353,0.0001511181,0.00070976175],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003193448,0.006024963,0.056613766,0.038339693,0.0035538045,0.00022837415,0.001262038,0.10920158,0.022205822,0.15596096,0.48822626,0.11806339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042410805,0.00066423765,0.013394463,0.013036706,0.001653777,0.0000125143215,0.00020148915,0.12576658,0.31564063,0.13443445,0.38763717,0.0033169265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020724331,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007361742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2934348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030688603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058442125,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389185844","doi":"10.1364/oe.510635","title":"Self-induced back-action for aperture trapping: Bethe-Rayleigh theory","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Action (physics); Rayleigh scattering; Trapping; Physics; Aperture (computer memory); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.030540261717408798,"score_gpt":0.2756897632181804,"score_spread":0.24514950150077158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389185844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7853294,0.00008611849,0.08751955,0.0011970131,0.0028644565,0.0023660085,0.00041178105,0.0009348614,0.119290836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97221637,0.000011207723,0.016603256,0.00009644424,0.0010207437,0.00022237937,0.00031730943,0.00010176566,0.009410501],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890685,0.00003936743,0.00020740725,0.00029035428,0.00017137111,0.00038463442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999096,0.00030637384,0.00008841965,0.00033486786,0.00007827391,0.00009611402],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019931374,0.00020612736,0.00019259186,0.00006998529,0.00016826473,0.000093381444,0.00022340895,0.00009002967,0.00019439323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016159622,0.00019687794,0.00016549061,0.00019373353,0.000027112254,0.00014620928,0.00007780905,0.00016572764,0.00030212055],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010864944,0.00061821775,0.00046306828,0.00033837507,0.0006668292,0.0000060721422,0.00344392,0.00039661894,0.24713536,0.7266245,0.009517437,0.0106809735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003915097,0.0005732337,0.0004125958,0.00016390311,0.00036416727,0.000004308593,0.0076133753,0.06506493,0.15711272,0.15831266,0.60437346,0.0020895374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003967733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.6757453e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.594856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002684586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003104414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80284494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389506928","doi":"10.1038/s42005-023-01465-w","title":"Effects of aberrations on 3D optical topologies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Research Chairs; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Physics; Topology (electrical circuits); Speckle pattern; Network topology; Robustness (evolution); Optics; Optical vortex; Gravitational singularity; Paraxial approximation; Mathematics; Beam (structure); Computer science; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.02537102877993371,"score_gpt":0.30001836280434324,"score_spread":0.27464733402440955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389506928","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6325111,0.00023463208,0.022765314,0.004384615,0.0006137002,0.0011812809,0.00017287556,0.0006151672,0.3375213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950412,0.000024007217,0.004029905,0.000023111092,0.000070401584,0.00007560828,0.00011558745,0.000013121641,0.0006070677],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949086,0.000039822335,0.00014512337,0.000092419454,0.00010024146,0.00013152638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983472,0.0005099463,0.00006114951,0.0009944026,0.00005846104,0.000028827875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000049036833,0.000085741325,0.000119022545,0.000036464207,0.00015649016,0.000017244598,0.00048335825,0.000021258975,0.00001610484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002221571,0.0000846738,0.00007241431,0.00035816513,0.00020844556,0.000066228524,0.0003296177,0.00014086386,0.0002721383],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015808151,0.00037384575,0.00074973295,0.000016947106,0.000050785897,1.7768973e-7,0.00035063276,0.00030679733,0.002440972,0.9788607,0.0012363502,0.015611482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016993003,0.0005483185,0.028139874,0.00025304133,0.00032106848,5.076616e-7,0.0029436739,0.028924126,0.18271042,0.73010623,0.023282602,0.0010708497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012462153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.073253e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36253008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012462442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026414655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34978783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389538672","doi":"10.1364/fio.2023.jm7a.42","title":"Generation of limited depth of field and transverse extent nearly Bessel beams using finite width Durnin’s circular slits","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Bessel function; Transverse plane; Optics; Diffraction; Physics; Bessel beam; Plane (geometry); Cardinal point; Focal length; Quality (philosophy); Lens (geology); Fourier transform; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.047454487162408854,"score_gpt":0.2642822407555021,"score_spread":0.21682775359309325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389538672","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9726197,0.00003566952,0.02607694,0.000072108625,0.00007460104,0.00012142463,0.000020730808,0.000015628535,0.00096320733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973262,0.0000075171442,0.0022451784,0.000018295914,0.0000628765,0.0000034888494,0.000043285567,0.000011711682,0.00028147723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935436,0.000019570933,0.00022298135,0.00013646853,0.0001367568,0.00012985842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996329,0.000047456804,0.00007607993,0.0001383539,0.00006294263,0.000042299016],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000079265934,0.000092025104,0.0001491106,0.000069235415,0.000040789408,0.000017253891,0.000053590134,0.000034120916,0.000078532416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000066461575,0.00008798298,0.00006914778,0.0001976581,0.00003129354,0.000100278245,0.00003053291,0.00005628563,0.0000033399574],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003668528,0.00042687383,0.0865432,0.00026003507,0.0004025796,0.000009110172,0.0032961504,0.016562572,0.8531446,0.01672745,0.000461261,0.022129513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017467141,0.0004707312,0.018437244,0.00011952826,0.00025637352,0.0000014569215,0.0021559976,0.34582,0.6268039,0.0032546392,0.0004173857,0.0005160753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023846564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005348533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32925743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000063045427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022340837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3587842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389584428","doi":"10.1364/fio.2023.fm6b.6","title":"Efficient Measurement of the Bi-photon OAM Spectrum with Stimulated Emission Tomography","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum entanglement; Photon; Photon entanglement; Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Parametric statistics; Physics; Optics; Spectrum (functional analysis); Quantum optics; Stimulated emission; Tomography; Computer science; Computational physics; Laser; Quantum mechanics; Quantum; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.009901507179534245,"score_gpt":0.20908712585207526,"score_spread":0.199185618672541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389584428","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98519623,0.00001005202,0.00053868257,0.00023998476,0.00011743536,0.00027678846,0.000008897367,0.000055471177,0.013556461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989704,2.355221e-7,0.000091395654,0.000009550131,0.000029639587,0.000008202662,0.0000050096105,0.000013660341,0.00087192026],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901134,0.000021143174,0.00015150056,0.00015219298,0.00046578815,0.00019806248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995252,0.000012695855,0.00006921878,0.0002827469,0.00006141325,0.000048729205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015636621,0.000112649424,0.000110421875,0.00006502164,0.00007654293,0.000015304448,0.00014504611,0.00001687805,0.0002677751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022317581,0.000061461535,0.00009958534,0.00070569204,0.000047814818,0.000011538728,0.000087999186,0.00007850211,0.000025333427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025870887,0.0025499298,0.5506963,0.00020818296,0.0012201064,0.000010184104,0.0018061489,0.10421406,0.28956285,0.035945684,0.009054751,0.0044731013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014889247,0.0003386952,0.071106344,0.00023673904,0.00011404112,7.5204514e-7,0.0009181487,0.047068145,0.87343544,0.0032230865,0.0016343005,0.00043538102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009215087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026282648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5838726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019639825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003530097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29319495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390533669","doi":"10.1364/josaa.510096","title":"Fourier reciprocity between generalized elliptical Gaussian and elegant elliptical Hermite-Gaussian beams carrying orbital angular momenta","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Angular momentum; Physics; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Optical vortex; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Total angular momentum quantum number; Gaussian beam; Classical mechanics; Fourier transform; Hermite polynomials; Gaussian; Angular momentum coupling; Optics; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.010516348595180235,"score_gpt":0.25217187401968116,"score_spread":0.24165552542450092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390533669","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9681255,0.00091339403,0.01922787,0.008810551,0.0004966846,0.0002835228,0.000062877254,0.00002699367,0.002052582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93967915,0.000052134154,0.05814907,0.00015312109,0.0014043543,0.000004400503,0.000006076811,0.000053302243,0.00049837015],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99735016,0.00010400318,0.0009004985,0.00031607534,0.0008010178,0.00052824843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985899,0.00026687965,0.0003138234,0.00031672136,0.00011547595,0.00039724514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050523726,0.00032636733,0.00072896265,0.000046515346,0.00018730828,0.00019134955,0.00043452892,0.0001329105,0.00019469322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038527596,0.00021577183,0.001029708,0.00040608758,0.0008482328,0.00026514806,0.0003148866,0.00094354653,0.000011126866],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011221742,0.0060954844,0.16784555,0.0029686803,0.029212326,0.00054522336,0.03226016,0.0018132931,0.17729871,0.17482479,0.063909195,0.34210443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019644104,0.011431103,0.07175014,0.007527567,0.018054562,0.0017306797,0.05133146,0.20053902,0.16349384,0.18763489,0.25651586,0.010346762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000046885652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2396212e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33175766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012876681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016546663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87989193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390819001","doi":"10.1364/boe.507519","title":"Measuring the visual angle of polarization-related entoptic phenomena using structured light","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biomedical Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.012696635878264313,"score_gpt":0.24920603216305687,"score_spread":0.23650939628479256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390819001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9633014,0.001034298,0.030333556,0.0003922078,0.0016746839,0.0003661646,0.000101547565,0.00010014565,0.0026959612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970595,0.0000024182152,0.0019280041,0.000011612467,0.00051151705,0.000006870033,0.000055825898,0.000036574427,0.0003876816],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984897,0.00004817532,0.00041999153,0.00024960918,0.0004955381,0.00029699598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993726,0.00008877275,0.0000938558,0.000244811,0.00007125503,0.0001287128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017963555,0.00018558852,0.00020658704,0.00011151408,0.000110438945,0.00011679539,0.00028938326,0.00008271544,0.00033219554],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018113398,0.00013095271,0.00012653017,0.00046078162,0.00020458514,0.00012566498,0.00018144147,0.00023705854,0.000018261395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019333811,0.0005361215,0.0017229661,0.0002979117,0.0009471166,0.000024178034,0.0036813496,0.0006671489,0.81672513,0.16599557,0.00024690037,0.009136264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0029108708,0.0006243306,0.0015161304,0.0016136919,0.0013157438,0.00003658176,0.003765291,0.68510437,0.23292509,0.042083953,0.025960833,0.0021431195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003238199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.7850209e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6844372,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004245321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094970135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5340097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390848015","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.110584","title":"On-chip spatiotemporal optical vortex generation using an integrated metal–dielectric resonator","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics & Laser Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Center \"Kurchatov Institute\"; National Research Council Canada; Russian Science Foundation","keywords":"Optics; Dielectric; Waveguide; Pulse (music); Electromagnetic pulse; Envelope (radar); Physics; Photonics; Differentiator; Resonator; Electromagnetic field; Reflection (computer programming); Field (mathematics); Materials science; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Telecommunications; Radar","score_opus":0.01770143939657718,"score_gpt":0.2664638569748712,"score_spread":0.248762417578294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390848015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9685606,0.00015507783,0.027625274,0.0004981817,0.000491049,0.00022595102,0.00004266158,0.00033687914,0.0020643512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789046,0.0000034915374,0.019973895,0.000043839816,0.00031162403,0.00002655942,0.00017086035,0.000061946506,0.00050319906],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985231,0.00003698085,0.00032742418,0.00049370393,0.00021063733,0.0004081663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925506,0.00004223063,0.000059881724,0.0004466042,0.000102737795,0.00009350028],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015285944,0.00027456693,0.00025486367,0.0004637117,0.00012780589,0.00015366042,0.00024842686,0.00022336478,0.0002108315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026426764,0.00025342318,0.00009545205,0.0008824752,0.0001419703,0.00019102971,0.00008737738,0.00058238505,0.00014351924],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001113414,0.0003888395,0.00034780047,0.0000142369745,0.00017734921,0.00006131742,0.000047945105,0.000951378,0.03778861,0.93880093,0.00019814179,0.021212315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039893907,0.00073619967,0.000026809676,0.000054714517,0.00020541751,0.000020960291,0.00021912497,0.6785372,0.25033695,0.0641377,0.004698216,0.0006277849],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037468548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008726365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87466323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000106084626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014153648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391130489","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010098","title":"Influence of Primary Coma on the Tightly Focusing Characteristics of Circular Basis Hybrid Order Poincaré Sphere Beams","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Coma (optics); Optics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.007060438049634964,"score_gpt":0.20845590561542945,"score_spread":0.2013954675657945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391130489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923869,0.000237168,0.00046265195,0.0001493939,0.00013600914,0.00021161172,0.000211202,0.00002217029,0.0061829137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892557,0.000015998532,0.0006949894,0.000093383554,0.00006205527,0.000011880059,0.00003850483,0.000033310956,0.00012433475],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894804,0.00003288564,0.00033681138,0.00020165068,0.000281898,0.0001987358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912214,0.00015483331,0.00014022463,0.00041603533,0.00012622248,0.000040569143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000165348,0.0001681212,0.0002630644,0.000035935107,0.000058241447,0.00004509132,0.00024623325,0.000029118268,0.00021272205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015030109,0.00012835002,0.00013405312,0.00022057156,0.00011623317,0.00008720283,0.00011508303,0.00022194923,0.000030707317],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022796939,0.0029456352,0.06570059,0.0045339894,0.0033904903,0.00018737257,0.005293719,0.007552698,0.38303074,0.44938937,0.0031435445,0.07460388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009948609,0.0006006439,0.033765476,0.0020439122,0.00068535755,0.000020434914,0.0006533972,0.027670331,0.854934,0.024113985,0.05315554,0.0013620759],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007159125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.125987e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47190323,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047439997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015632788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52339613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391175657","doi":"10.1103/physrevapplied.21.l011002","title":"Psychophysical discrimination of radially varying polarization-based entoptic phenomena","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Applied","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optics; Acoustics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009888757388653694,"score_gpt":0.2846578850075319,"score_spread":0.27476912761887823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391175657","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2552814,0.021966659,0.30680645,0.004542833,0.001602429,0.006355152,0.00040522756,0.0007612699,0.4022786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982814,0.0000503415,0.0005683757,0.00013959674,0.0005720574,0.000111042216,0.00015709494,0.00003473458,0.000085351014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988638,0.000026623267,0.00030265658,0.00030076882,0.0003022447,0.00020387147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994001,0.0001303888,0.00008909632,0.00025984654,0.000040449435,0.00008016069],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000092608876,0.0001962854,0.00036114748,0.00004716775,0.000042096533,0.00004474693,0.0001677611,0.000014536112,0.00017826636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006251235,0.00016848251,0.00022660504,0.00040618607,0.000064814565,0.00009620365,0.000038130514,0.0001577054,0.00018065769],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008184008,0.0005768957,0.000046435256,0.0024782717,0.0000945904,7.0498993e-7,0.00015566102,0.000105207284,0.0581351,0.8605049,0.00017012833,0.077723876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033031232,0.0006415347,0.0015242898,0.01483245,0.003478913,0.0000012089874,0.00016689958,0.2148256,0.09608267,0.6306259,0.031147342,0.003370089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008246407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.737671e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74300003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003161945,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006427791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6870517},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391228621","doi":"10.1364/oe.515250","title":"Enhanced forward scattering of a cell in line optical tweezers with an astigmatic beam","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Optical tweezers; Tweezers; Light beam; Beam (structure); Line (geometry); Forward scatter; Light scattering; Physics; Geometrical optics; Scattering; Cardinal point; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00747704730065662,"score_gpt":0.23724394649263397,"score_spread":0.22976689919197735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391228621","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9314869,0.000045263103,0.058422614,0.000035522386,0.000109082524,0.00018698438,0.000025460145,0.000031014806,0.00965714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722019,0.0000020651307,0.027211087,0.0000067814703,0.00011701113,0.000034155866,0.00002669307,0.000039820025,0.00036049428],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896044,0.000013642654,0.00028274913,0.00026126282,0.00020440409,0.00027752278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946517,0.00006512572,0.000049474336,0.00028271298,0.00003904871,0.00009845128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009551379,0.00017572605,0.00023533327,0.000097072916,0.000023117387,0.000084134015,0.00018717654,0.000038163213,0.000077607925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000028324125,0.00015420695,0.00005779096,0.00018540265,0.00009726771,0.000201687,0.00008821242,0.00018859465,0.000019533749],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011395738,0.001215982,0.0011419441,0.0011944638,0.00017634434,0.000049114587,0.0043045627,0.028573196,0.9280281,0.029716626,0.000040108105,0.0054455725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073502393,0.0005606361,0.00011339521,0.000653644,0.00008326064,0.0000018768877,0.0013869447,0.042375702,0.95117646,0.0023943982,0.00009639159,0.0004222841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020326064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021298526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04071497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024160749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045503828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6288377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391246568","doi":"10.1117/12.2692847","title":"Exit pupil expander with non-hexagonal 2D grating","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ansys (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Hexagonal crystal system; Grating; Optics; Materials science; Pupil; Diffraction grating; Computer science; Optoelectronics; Physics; Crystallography","score_opus":0.0054728906470308996,"score_gpt":0.22778365406843448,"score_spread":0.22231076342140357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391246568","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4933277,0.0000801162,0.04125154,0.00038004245,0.00030332117,0.00014617237,0.000020710313,0.00012429469,0.4643661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98083186,6.3743096e-7,0.0029007737,0.00004034849,0.0003969094,0.000019960622,0.000021285607,0.000022683585,0.015765566],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993686,0.000004499322,0.00010428427,0.00018770472,0.00014437662,0.00019050548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975985,0.000026184218,0.000014447337,0.00012171025,0.000021926166,0.00005585073],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000046941055,0.00011750842,0.00008657636,0.000053161064,0.00006932833,0.00016064194,0.00007301877,0.000015679172,0.002152322],"category_scores_gemma":[5.085652e-7,0.00008123947,0.000052209853,0.00018729846,0.00003139145,0.00014599942,0.000045103654,0.00011846915,0.00021768596],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003433669,0.00054000784,0.068067424,0.0002262407,0.000986268,0.00011032602,0.002984727,0.0004204277,0.011913005,0.8084867,0.043183506,0.06304702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006919533,0.0026890994,0.020533193,0.0020776032,0.0009999251,0.000119525335,0.040680096,0.13555735,0.23628272,0.1847113,0.36166474,0.0077649085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062249994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004844187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6237754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009933261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032655887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99875987},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391403892","doi":"10.3390/photonics11020133","title":"Flexible Construction of a Partially Coherent Optical Array","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optical vortex; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Degree of coherence; Spiral (railway); Optics; Computer science; Gravitational singularity; Optical communication; Plane (geometry); Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.009837991016113828,"score_gpt":0.25148901755577896,"score_spread":0.24165102653966514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391403892","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8247448,0.00054546323,0.04856185,0.0003118659,0.0015831327,0.00034605915,0.00008466756,0.00015497697,0.123667136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99171686,0.0000046107084,0.007723559,0.000007854035,0.00009916346,0.000018408215,0.000017855731,0.000015675494,0.00039599955],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935555,0.00000943424,0.00018734447,0.00015075451,0.00014118203,0.00015574324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996914,0.00003198334,0.000031270938,0.00015167217,0.00004063005,0.00005303236],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007182357,0.00009202582,0.00012465222,0.000032240423,0.00002531222,0.000045823355,0.00007584573,0.000026494497,0.0006076537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031655984,0.00008442126,0.00009615789,0.000120737124,0.00008575976,0.00006608196,0.000030489942,0.00012042645,0.000100155645],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018605911,0.00019969331,0.0035959086,0.00012163386,0.00021733523,0.000004641364,0.00036298382,0.00032178278,0.05553292,0.9224857,0.00041072222,0.016728047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002962296,0.0001435727,0.00013619899,0.00011645952,0.000111111425,0.000007068531,0.0004277267,0.008090235,0.8923864,0.056556705,0.041462574,0.0002657332],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019654362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000021474273,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.865929,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025767828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000099167235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66533816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391552450","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-49121-4_2","title":"Theory Background","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer theses","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.03411277495374103,"score_gpt":0.24849967714593754,"score_spread":0.21438690219219653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391552450","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00048182593,0.0001682364,0.00014252473,0.00004825631,0.00063405687,0.00015047712,0.000090529706,0.00013712903,0.99814695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.030296117,0.000018113627,0.0001081312,0.000027326889,0.0011175578,0.000013211139,0.000042776996,0.00016073875,0.968216],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891126,0.000011891836,0.0002094221,0.00031879792,0.00022880523,0.0003198112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910897,0.00016479733,0.00012235076,0.00047754546,0.000039512965,0.000086818836],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018912533,0.00032226616,0.00029945382,0.00008780545,0.000079364036,0.00008742549,0.0002836697,0.000101810634,0.0055584726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000043709156,0.00029501494,0.0002639679,0.000021283799,0.000111582005,0.000059189613,0.00027302557,0.00031888537,0.0072046984],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048736065,0.000012686592,0.00007167893,0.000020174966,0.00024249218,0.000009518116,0.00005854093,0.0000019420995,0.000021617372,0.9922648,0.00075833185,0.006533358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000071832415,0.000020984891,0.000056943332,0.00012519234,0.000079989215,4.6555886e-7,0.000106506406,0.0000024937626,0.00017431652,0.7529163,0.24609303,0.00035193344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001711754,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014326398,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24533471,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035291294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042884836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391603069","doi":"10.5539/apr.v16n1p10","title":"Simple Estimation of the Trapping Height in Optical Tweezers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Trapping; Simple (philosophy); Tweezers; Optics; Materials science; Computer science; Physics; Biology","score_opus":0.035636997135229935,"score_gpt":0.3466958751278691,"score_spread":0.31105887799263915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391603069","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8702534,0.00004578942,0.010195133,0.00028665914,0.00010266244,0.0005809716,0.000022291155,0.00002599254,0.1184871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99936205,0.0000010207914,0.00022110484,0.0000047866884,0.00015210224,0.000059308946,0.000017667502,0.00001940479,0.00016253105],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880236,0.000038900464,0.00018066606,0.00020226392,0.0004717273,0.00030404958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994158,0.0002247337,0.000018057277,0.0002642151,0.000038363443,0.00003883841],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003774543,0.000088778266,0.000118102456,0.00006462551,0.00007600045,0.000070265334,0.00024536386,0.00002813218,0.00007436589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000047007643,0.00006796857,0.00007134604,0.0008495825,0.00017752346,0.00007385618,0.00017272303,0.0004554176,0.00006859856],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000064574006,0.00012514411,0.00058437267,0.000076146585,0.000037134807,9.0850176e-7,0.0006921226,0.00862838,0.011595875,0.9324598,0.00046587348,0.045327786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034269213,0.0000336983,0.0019279673,0.000113679096,0.000015482869,2.1913904e-7,0.0010436019,0.14219272,0.16343886,0.6891139,0.0015645099,0.00021266307],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059322592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.816473e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2433459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005086411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010378459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2771678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391810307","doi":"10.1364/ao.519089","title":"Divide and structure: generating and interswitching orthogonal eigenstates of complementary petal beams using a π-shifted Sagnac interferometer","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Interferometry; Sagnac effect; Physics; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score_opus":0.011167543755452224,"score_gpt":0.24265338619956509,"score_spread":0.23148584244411285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391810307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96866405,0.00021244891,0.030271934,0.000028386137,0.00012785784,0.00015181392,0.00014112829,0.000020767155,0.00038158448],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.964591,0.000004257843,0.03507972,0.000028449824,0.00016320229,0.0000035914672,0.000090490605,0.000029930596,0.000009332242],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909353,0.000012545857,0.0002973118,0.00025711308,0.00012970163,0.00020977628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996613,0.00007760019,0.00006745974,0.00010967246,0.000019811425,0.00006414768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008225705,0.00019039474,0.00020898614,0.000079321486,0.00008650923,0.00014312692,0.00007351256,0.000026818756,0.00007625929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016375876,0.0001754934,0.000042088788,0.00009746399,0.000107068365,0.00010542581,0.00028326458,0.00018471814,8.5744233e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000075247764,0.00016472646,0.03670016,0.00087451533,0.0018329861,0.000027991291,0.011071377,0.0019328246,0.55636096,0.25329512,0.00006853478,0.13759558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003703917,0.000789578,0.0061970265,0.0012358715,0.0017919522,0.00011838426,0.01370916,0.5311372,0.23117396,0.20637856,0.00069868227,0.003065689],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028637023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000048200736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52920437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017151257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019522851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7156413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391815825","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-45735-9","title":"Intrinsic dichroism in amorphous and crystalline solids with helical light","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Dichroism; Linear dichroism; Circular dichroism; Amorphous solid; Materials science; Superposition principle; Molecular physics; Vibrational circular dichroism; Chemical physics; Crystallography; Condensed matter physics; Optics; Physics; Chemistry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.006142932113528487,"score_gpt":0.25863635684903824,"score_spread":0.25249342473550973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391815825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86953455,0.04549267,0.001946879,0.036687486,0.00029249917,0.00081431586,0.00014482332,0.00031131727,0.044775452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967709,0.00010356684,0.002564571,0.00009156984,0.0000942651,0.000034755438,0.00007350192,0.000019051684,0.0002477889],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947196,0.000032125627,0.0001283415,0.00014728992,0.00008991024,0.00013039312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991792,0.00009435645,0.000019440844,0.0006213691,0.00003649749,0.00004915841],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007097839,0.00010211789,0.00010651516,0.00008301942,0.00007857111,0.00008667796,0.0002993703,0.00007328618,0.0000351972],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053004605,0.000082243154,0.000027109601,0.00029764953,0.00010056004,0.0000957813,0.0002590497,0.000852453,0.000018360832],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015545911,0.0004638749,0.021386763,0.00004744885,0.00014834579,0.000019909981,0.0012893233,0.000022032842,0.002282335,0.95573443,0.00377307,0.014816904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015414569,0.00028199534,0.042258512,0.00064325193,0.0001903902,0.0000481537,0.0013537572,0.010383177,0.0014132702,0.03969015,0.9011564,0.0010394739],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031203588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013012138,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9160443,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027392774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004168113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37035313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391849258","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2024.155188","title":"Frequency-adjustable OAM antenna with co-divergent beams for IoT applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"MIMO; Antenna (radio); Antenna array; Angular momentum; Physics; Interference (communication); Electronic engineering; Computer science; Optics; Telecommunications; Engineering; Beamforming; Channel (broadcasting)","score_opus":0.010657913320572886,"score_gpt":0.2912375228660063,"score_spread":0.28057960954543343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391849258","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.087727875,0.068812355,0.7753151,0.03935548,0.00089611375,0.0017129596,0.00093559356,0.00011130497,0.025133243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98141086,0.0013988889,0.01606437,0.00009359579,0.00026548345,0.000092313014,0.00013377714,0.000022826238,0.00051787245],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992045,0.000019042198,0.00030216746,0.000111540154,0.00019842952,0.00016431589],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988955,0.00013266623,0.00015745581,0.00029295322,0.00043862613,0.00008279344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017973485,0.000107676155,0.00012658307,0.000113897266,0.0001597811,0.00020372703,0.00067685667,0.000024038165,0.000070566886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000061008423,0.0000902354,0.00010102343,0.000116714145,0.000088575965,0.00019833593,0.000089003566,0.00026387116,0.0000065529184],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017749773,0.00024934098,0.0014419166,0.000012347944,0.00078285043,0.0000013943686,0.0002005932,0.00005806053,0.002247464,0.9773959,0.0011145286,0.016477847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012350655,0.0006398036,0.00032536837,0.00023108923,0.00038210265,0.00013089499,0.0012617287,0.011881022,0.002202358,0.2850254,0.6962359,0.00044929798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023197907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001053822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.893683,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008863854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036537703,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36796927},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391953388","doi":"10.1109/lawp.2024.3367625","title":"Reconfigurable OAM Antenna With Flexibility on Mode Numbers, Polarization, and Frequency","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Reconfigurable antenna; Polarization (electrochemistry); Computer science; Electronic engineering; Physics; Antenna (radio); Microstrip antenna; Optics; Telecommunications; Coaxial antenna; Engineering","score_opus":0.00836618837670497,"score_gpt":0.23110205011253176,"score_spread":0.2227358617358268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391953388","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9778075,0.000078118755,0.016203968,0.004090018,0.00020927045,0.00028671368,0.00005191156,0.00008394312,0.0011885194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840933,0.000011808105,0.00027118137,0.0005761685,0.00017392577,0.000025296147,0.00005153678,0.000030339717,0.00045040945],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989459,0.00003663789,0.00020714026,0.00042021417,0.00016432043,0.00022577182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956554,0.00003568733,0.00005935002,0.00017505694,0.000060094273,0.00010424032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112571994,0.00020030166,0.00016737104,0.00007891649,0.00016112426,0.00024162576,0.00006238276,0.000037630514,0.000051725347],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031554698,0.00015713403,0.000035193196,0.00017829497,0.00015006888,0.00038587122,0.000010223824,0.00019036609,0.000017175365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000121039004,0.00024632708,0.09062832,0.00044655934,0.0003575755,0.000058219066,0.001851278,0.00012437472,0.7777772,0.10571877,0.0015838254,0.02108651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009792403,0.0037552773,0.07644382,0.008065559,0.0011859048,0.00031342052,0.006680898,0.45696485,0.32097644,0.100904204,0.0056722146,0.009245002],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033278324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000976012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4568405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026763977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004186021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.640774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393996843","doi":"10.1063/5.0192223","title":"Prime number factorization with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"APL Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Angular momentum; Factorization; Physics; Prime (order theory); Total angular momentum quantum number; Angular momentum of light; Quantum electrodynamics; Angular momentum coupling; Mathematics; Classical mechanics; Combinatorics; Algorithm","score_opus":0.004065368220131823,"score_gpt":0.21973594757086662,"score_spread":0.2156705793507348,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393996843","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9457218,0.00041161384,0.0135115255,0.00021497755,0.0009461374,0.00045431269,0.00008990739,0.00024903886,0.0384007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946469,0.0000045517504,0.0013367194,0.000020425483,0.00023320278,0.000040113708,0.00016767952,0.00007212589,0.0034782556],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987386,0.00001723074,0.00021829527,0.00036233946,0.00030949205,0.0003540525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994441,0.000026030872,0.000057232457,0.00030851824,0.000060258524,0.000103816696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000079713034,0.000243034,0.00018740601,0.00004901302,0.00011084106,0.00023809237,0.00015421386,0.00005618664,0.00073190365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000023536074,0.00020472641,0.00010118938,0.00031703807,0.000038390892,0.00030926365,0.00008362804,0.00023449422,0.00035060052],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015904765,0.0018680812,0.09734055,0.00083451933,0.004036621,0.0006486566,0.017921204,0.0011992115,0.10035867,0.741823,0.01137891,0.022431485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020320653,0.0005529611,0.0010134024,0.0008068693,0.000702662,0.00007882128,0.0031673443,0.027217038,0.5011506,0.037972618,0.42235297,0.002952655],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008992625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000014853232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70385045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096931064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010470191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8348501},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394564244","doi":"10.1109/access.2024.3384977","title":"Self-Healing Effects in OAM Beams Observed on a 28 GHz Experimental Link","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Access","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Link (geometry); Computer science; Computer network","score_opus":0.023796618647688266,"score_gpt":0.3037488393687867,"score_spread":0.27995222072109843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394564244","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99090326,0.00046931542,0.00047147743,0.000160988,0.0015839874,0.0003410712,0.000008241899,0.0001327456,0.0059289094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982399,0.0000024077278,0.0004374347,0.00009437815,0.0008665038,0.000101349426,0.000015659767,0.00003946174,0.00020291255],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897015,0.000036152163,0.00019909992,0.0003178404,0.00017909167,0.00029767357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995565,0.00010811594,0.00003248325,0.00021589652,0.000012382499,0.00007465748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009196728,0.00018615741,0.00017618448,0.000090166126,0.00005877699,0.00030485552,0.00028557194,0.00003990171,0.00006708859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002266584,0.00017422317,0.000097425305,0.00024579323,0.000018167686,0.00030834257,0.000092319184,0.0002527941,0.00012787187],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046308638,0.011550143,0.36818194,0.00578533,0.0026062147,0.001917148,0.022754345,0.029501418,0.15420763,0.25463906,0.0146344965,0.13375917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021335054,0.00048660007,0.008067217,0.0011464792,0.000083674735,0.0000030234667,0.00038831565,0.050670426,0.91423047,0.012206421,0.009388168,0.0011956759],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016595444,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026645275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7600229,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009187282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037401664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.71046144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394620191","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-47475-2","title":"Observation of spatiotemporal optical vortices enabled by symmetry-breaking slanted nanograting","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology; Government of Jiangsu Province; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Optical vortex; Microscale chemistry; Angular momentum; Symmetry (geometry); Optics; Femtosecond; Symmetry breaking; Fourier transform; Optical tweezers; Classical mechanics; Laser; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015802557772816327,"score_gpt":0.2925353663862552,"score_spread":0.2767328086134389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394620191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95355606,0.010425763,0.005411114,0.004338276,0.000512682,0.00043695228,0.0002521322,0.00021155571,0.024855437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98018163,0.00002120257,0.018787622,0.000024716077,0.00007175495,0.000023477822,0.00058470794,0.000019534926,0.00028534298],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991486,0.00005950865,0.00031720957,0.00015071676,0.0001775773,0.00014640807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987423,0.00029357508,0.00011226968,0.0006836837,0.00012922692,0.000038954175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018702146,0.0001166657,0.00014295182,0.00007480374,0.00014515517,0.000100121906,0.0004848419,0.00010644982,0.00004622139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043534637,0.00010908526,0.00008691947,0.0004850697,0.00008670166,0.00023469096,0.0002027795,0.000590656,0.000011985404],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060225157,0.00034101712,0.067817174,0.000101862344,0.00026818534,6.3355304e-7,0.0006513202,0.000013904137,0.04470835,0.85943073,0.0047371173,0.021923708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021046554,0.0005689525,0.047495108,0.0027020036,0.0013127092,0.000011888206,0.0065529775,0.2753276,0.25444332,0.050412677,0.35633373,0.0027343708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009875788,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024102992,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.809018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027317412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005221763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44483677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394685134","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.130579","title":"Deep learning assisted InAs/InP quantum-dash laser structured light modes detection under foggy channel","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; King Saud University","keywords":"Computer science; Optics; Superposition principle; Channel (broadcasting); Free-space optical communication; Quantum channel; Convolutional neural network; Visibility; Optical communication; Laser; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Quantum; Quantum entanglement","score_opus":0.021127577713082688,"score_gpt":0.2707255924403309,"score_spread":0.2495980147272482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394685134","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24111757,0.004201881,0.47584882,0.0076598036,0.0016482695,0.0012711269,0.00012329516,0.0013258129,0.2668034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936038,0.00007955272,0.0040177247,0.000025095513,0.0001439819,0.00007465604,0.00020737377,0.000058490066,0.0017892958],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988949,0.000120921766,0.0002928693,0.00024388776,0.0001752547,0.00027219765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850804,0.00017116508,0.00008765783,0.0010217407,0.000120734934,0.0000906574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011945075,0.00020875163,0.000174181,0.00013609018,0.00052587717,0.00030401486,0.0005412156,0.00008583096,0.000134569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014880111,0.00021167196,0.00013785488,0.00040659722,0.0001083319,0.00023042416,0.00033268507,0.0006224226,0.0001543622],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010905723,0.0003608397,0.00027032348,0.000066895336,0.0005404427,0.000002767397,0.0017504032,0.021756714,0.018755808,0.92931545,0.00010743475,0.027062003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026314132,0.00007589523,0.00069972104,0.00008415045,0.00016750071,0.000005102602,0.0029792339,0.9262396,0.0075858734,0.050923973,0.0105433045,0.00043248438],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000054514094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006814799,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9044829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008996048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046148718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8631732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395013267","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-59843-5","title":"All-fiber few-mode interference for complex azimuthal pattern generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; McGill University","keywords":"Azimuth; Interference (communication); Fiber; Physics; Intensity (physics); Mode (computer interface); Modal; Optics; Phase (matter); Angular momentum; Symmetry (geometry); Topology (electrical circuits); Computer science; Materials science; Telecommunications; Geometry; Classical mechanics; Mathematics; Channel (broadcasting); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.04313303245705357,"score_gpt":0.30696518226568414,"score_spread":0.26383214980863057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395013267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7828171,0.00011123325,0.17855594,0.0005894203,0.020476548,0.0008093548,0.00013358187,0.00017607036,0.01633071],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97781324,9.043337e-8,0.00078522146,0.000021411512,0.00057791,0.000057566525,0.0006779993,0.000019699857,0.020046836],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867094,0.000013249669,0.00030833413,0.0005512265,0.00021414063,0.00024214316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935275,0.000018084427,0.00007743019,0.0003921834,0.00008999733,0.0000695615],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031623413,0.00012562388,0.00011020497,0.00007128363,0.00014616801,0.0007673282,0.00009534977,0.000024158899,0.0013270441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046887794,0.00011186148,0.00012038003,0.00012599082,0.00008129168,0.00018559459,0.0000738504,0.000074225194,0.00016513672],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000053345198,0.00038360563,0.0057492573,0.00024070495,0.000342532,0.00020388121,0.0027247802,0.0006922231,0.29800272,0.01097634,0.41887927,0.26179937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015601191,0.000060318875,0.000217529,0.00008266008,0.00007898748,0.000046455465,0.0001653049,0.1335971,0.057493094,0.032846272,0.77475303,0.00050320517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050521834,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008676429,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35587376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003402002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006658308,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99958587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395662312","doi":"10.23919/eucap60739.2024.10501718","title":"Dual-Polarized OAM Antenna with Frequency and Mode Agility for Intelligent OAM Communications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Reconfigurability; MIMO; Antenna (radio); Angular momentum; Computer science; Electronic engineering; Antenna array; Reconfigurable antenna; Mode (computer interface); Telecommunications; Physics; Engineering; Dipole antenna; Antenna efficiency; Beamforming","score_opus":0.019564049178983356,"score_gpt":0.2896502707406388,"score_spread":0.27008622156165546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395662312","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19941011,0.0020234291,0.74193186,0.006170272,0.00028932648,0.001572054,0.0005708389,0.00029997865,0.04773213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96823716,0.000019865764,0.02937904,0.0000492085,0.000062665575,0.00007978521,0.000105184605,0.000019542373,0.0020475257],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993724,0.000018839588,0.00016576031,0.0002006559,0.000075496275,0.00016683975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992638,0.000101919424,0.000023933455,0.00046198218,0.00006185796,0.00008646421],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009840023,0.00012275873,0.00012812008,0.00003500099,0.00011404252,0.00012211422,0.00013731027,0.00002307493,0.00012865846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000055823225,0.000092078546,0.000058946975,0.00009869157,0.00011889552,0.00013501193,0.00011858383,0.0001291961,0.000021585589],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020175368,0.00030070735,0.01167614,0.00010570572,0.00031422992,0.0000016048465,0.0010263477,0.0000041690887,0.007117854,0.9726795,0.000462388,0.006291203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020002946,0.0008915285,0.0020317514,0.00041463767,0.0006086787,0.000017955575,0.006025044,0.23550314,0.009345176,0.68487924,0.056625195,0.0016573493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035370456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004032076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7688271,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023139657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006129035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37548542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395675393","doi":"10.1063/5.0197220","title":"Perfect vortex beams with periodic coherence properties","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Optical vortex; Rhombus; Optics; Vortex; Physics; Coherence length; Spatial coherence; Optical tweezers; Atomic coherence; Trapping; Quantum mechanics; Laser; Superconductivity; Geometry; Beam (structure); Mathematics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.009328224614472885,"score_gpt":0.20849537944356406,"score_spread":0.19916715482909117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395675393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97016937,0.00034308867,0.005316932,0.00005222054,0.0002660403,0.00016411219,0.000009458382,0.000027249138,0.023651525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99749464,0.0000035022472,0.0009907105,0.000024334959,0.0010430913,0.000009086853,0.0000028814597,0.00003308,0.00039868467],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999085,0.000008908519,0.00024858935,0.00013748211,0.00032527937,0.00019470627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952567,0.000023380268,0.00013820457,0.0001423551,0.00009091547,0.0000794992],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001026106,0.00017533415,0.00024098813,0.000035113662,0.00007388167,0.00019866567,0.00017822914,0.00002196352,0.000115200746],"category_scores_gemma":[6.4496885e-7,0.000114575145,0.00012415471,0.0001901911,0.00010569447,0.00019327772,0.000038087015,0.00035728974,0.00006679838],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00095384166,0.0021163695,0.0083726095,0.0011521177,0.0041697416,0.00023726065,0.021352256,0.055437982,0.27038288,0.40441605,0.006747622,0.22466126],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0056450116,0.004753706,0.00241971,0.0033861331,0.0024542282,0.0002354279,0.016556455,0.034819163,0.635179,0.20744583,0.08312241,0.003982951],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054571506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.6414376e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36479607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003572153,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001841097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46722388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395675852","doi":"10.1063/10.0025758","title":"Measurement of rotated Janus particle’s position and orientation in the optical trap","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Trap (plumbing); Position (finance); Janus; Particle (ecology); Orientation (vector space); Materials science; Optics; Physics; Nanotechnology; Geometry; Geology; Business; Meteorology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007561505466194311,"score_gpt":0.22176815421296786,"score_spread":0.21420664874677356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395675852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9724364,0.00076888007,0.026187284,0.00035171676,0.00006855678,0.00010554999,0.0000018950543,0.000025577554,0.00005412206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993847,0.0000129884365,0.0005639984,0.0000030495307,0.000012109319,0.000014698975,0.0000017027894,0.000004185518,0.000002569907],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960345,0.000008666071,0.000118019765,0.000098948105,0.00009149438,0.000079414385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985945,0.000041073363,0.000010365204,0.00006384845,0.000014203007,0.000011060719],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022903665,0.00005474247,0.00006465889,0.00005954101,0.000017209912,0.000017239503,0.000037422687,0.000046587968,0.0000057423304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011062719,0.00004114257,0.000013214916,0.00014874327,0.000025932532,0.00005778308,0.000019273419,0.00012248558,0.0000011007218],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042345575,0.0001395707,0.0066403775,0.00013383057,0.000083296276,0.000018587794,0.0018675235,0.0028453113,0.34514377,0.29326886,0.000019562416,0.34979698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012617268,0.0005478035,0.035984736,0.000674085,0.000115528645,0.00004864428,0.0011134422,0.2507611,0.68038917,0.027646024,0.0010451379,0.0004126553],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000051970155,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.7383687e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3493843,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008827854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051369443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16777453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396736627","doi":"10.1364/opticaopen.25771410","title":"Perfect space-time vortices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical vortex; Vortex; Physics; Cardinal point; Space time; Lens (geology); Topological quantum number; Bessel function; Spacetime; Space (punctuation); Plane (geometry); Context (archaeology); Optics; Topology (electrical circuits); Mathematics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Computer science","score_opus":0.005827482838128029,"score_gpt":0.23691595500504214,"score_spread":0.2310884721669141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396736627","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3133311,0.00044381127,0.00034193796,0.0009123568,0.001244007,0.00028690355,0.00010606895,0.00020548343,0.68312836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87428474,0.0000025913525,0.001540549,0.000022339751,0.001079736,0.000041475,0.000095156385,0.000052387244,0.122881],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893385,0.00002099875,0.00019848123,0.00041913404,0.00018462361,0.0002428984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999355,0.00003056585,0.00006786148,0.0004329327,0.000034533892,0.00007908351],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000917388,0.0002770428,0.00026283538,0.000065337255,0.000035431596,0.00026848612,0.0002421642,0.00008793305,0.008508145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002313355,0.00023170502,0.0002763136,0.000065370084,0.00004030953,0.000027668651,0.0016657901,0.0005996284,0.0071048774],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018794544,0.0007301938,0.009320099,0.0015291603,0.0032484655,0.00006683902,0.0017432473,0.0016254458,0.004302155,0.8151861,0.13404217,0.028187372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032186933,0.00012177413,0.00040473245,0.0005520969,0.00092764886,0.0000022498086,0.0005303492,0.0288891,0.014659115,0.88981855,0.061794527,0.0019779787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020838324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012185621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5609537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003156066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000089722365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9936682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396749762","doi":"10.1364/opticaopen.25771410.v1","title":"Perfect space-time vortices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Optical vortex; Vortex; Physics; Cardinal point; Space time; Lens (geology); Topological quantum number; Bessel function; Space (punctuation); Spacetime; Plane (geometry); Context (archaeology); Optics; Bessel beam; Topology (electrical circuits); Geometry; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Computer science","score_opus":0.005827482838128029,"score_gpt":0.23691595500504214,"score_spread":0.2310884721669141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396749762","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3133311,0.00044381127,0.00034193796,0.0009123568,0.001244007,0.00028690355,0.00010606895,0.00020548343,0.68312836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87428474,0.0000025913525,0.001540549,0.000022339751,0.001079736,0.000041475,0.000095156385,0.000052387244,0.122881],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893385,0.00002099875,0.00019848123,0.00041913404,0.00018462361,0.0002428984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999355,0.00003056585,0.00006786148,0.0004329327,0.000034533892,0.00007908351],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000917388,0.0002770428,0.00026283538,0.000065337255,0.000035431596,0.00026848612,0.0002421642,0.00008793305,0.008508145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002313355,0.00023170502,0.0002763136,0.000065370084,0.00004030953,0.000027668651,0.0016657901,0.0005996284,0.0071048774],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018794544,0.0007301938,0.009320099,0.0015291603,0.0032484655,0.00006683902,0.0017432473,0.0016254458,0.004302155,0.8151861,0.13404217,0.028187372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032186933,0.00012177413,0.00040473245,0.0005520969,0.00092764886,0.0000022498086,0.0005303492,0.0288891,0.014659115,0.88981855,0.061794527,0.0019779787],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020838324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012185621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5609537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003156066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000089722365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9936682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396959850","doi":"10.1063/5.0197721","title":"Multiplying vortex beams by diffraction from almost periodic structures: Theory and experiment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Diffraction; Optical tweezers; Optical vortex; Optics; Beam (structure); Physics; Gaussian; Amplitude; Laguerre polynomials; Gaussian beam; Trapping; Work (physics); Light beam; Vortex; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.0051562630137911136,"score_gpt":0.21969465349401168,"score_spread":0.21453839048022058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396959850","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9623621,0.0003226267,0.03516394,0.00015576716,0.0003345268,0.00023835087,0.00011822036,0.00008345279,0.0012209965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99765974,0.0000036061354,0.00068376644,0.00045929264,0.0006994286,0.000080002,0.0002943255,0.000051991363,0.00006783748],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989576,0.000025303618,0.00016484756,0.0004135216,0.0001899413,0.00024882995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995081,0.000132107,0.000051902087,0.0002267086,0.0000069637,0.00007424815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058000496,0.0002493016,0.00017406464,0.000022004966,0.0001545421,0.0002420008,0.000107064356,0.000033839628,0.00015672825],"category_scores_gemma":[6.8798704e-7,0.00023650605,0.00007499398,0.00008374403,0.00010952648,0.00014689242,0.000084313375,0.00024293298,0.00005523978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018361197,0.000054024604,0.00030846836,0.000017167456,0.00022295886,0.000002325167,0.002571474,0.00007998771,0.8725065,0.09689383,0.0016730918,0.0256518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024110607,0.0000841252,0.002389122,0.0001712217,0.0005481423,0.0000024513758,0.011791832,0.0027499457,0.7424556,0.1988318,0.035906248,0.0026584282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010718452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.2797658e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13005088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045439392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011548406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9644437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398208083","doi":"10.1063/5.0203326","title":"Deep learning and random light structuring ensure robust free-space communications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Computer science; Channel capacity; Fidelity; Multiplexing; Channel (broadcasting); Transmitter; Free-space optical communication; Optical communication; Artificial intelligence; Distributed computing; Telecommunications; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.006991740188479033,"score_gpt":0.2084128155088029,"score_spread":0.20142107532032386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398208083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7332305,0.0015726071,0.18312667,0.009058378,0.0005459075,0.0008957692,0.00004745598,0.0005339435,0.070988804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947352,0.000013692604,0.0043951003,0.00011502488,0.00044667354,0.00004435057,0.00006348836,0.000049004735,0.00013746525],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991619,0.000028193912,0.00014959542,0.00026920266,0.00014499454,0.00024613386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926156,0.00013757769,0.000050281822,0.00047224507,0.000013835699,0.00006449547],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000739396,0.00019706135,0.00017822772,0.00003507717,0.00023815682,0.00021631816,0.00028596784,0.000028642835,0.000041146937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000016333028,0.00019651724,0.00007722371,0.00016447395,0.000104550425,0.00011378891,0.00033229034,0.00045539738,0.00004080633],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002171616,0.00007429038,0.0020101543,0.0001414375,0.00057957304,0.000006422356,0.003982059,0.013097909,0.23878115,0.70217544,0.0022102785,0.036919594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.015722571,0.00019497315,0.0023280797,0.0008985977,0.0022320703,0.000025249272,0.012656633,0.16990402,0.22006847,0.21566646,0.35251305,0.007789815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019622603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011663178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48650897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023848186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010039806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.801374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399303433","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.171903","title":"Tight focusing of hybridly polarized optical vortex","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optik","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Russian Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Vortex; Optics; Optical vortex; Mechanics","score_opus":0.005606446261843053,"score_gpt":0.2381673859340801,"score_spread":0.23256093967223704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399303433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8107982,0.00057497923,0.021183645,0.00050109846,0.0008189974,0.0001785654,0.00005837289,0.00008951933,0.1657966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98867637,0.0000014900178,0.007442112,0.000010507308,0.00034852797,0.0000044109966,0.000017024076,0.000024025416,0.0034755329],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926054,0.000011667176,0.00019608697,0.00018281458,0.00015301991,0.0001958662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996429,0.000045661884,0.000028250264,0.00018936471,0.000030419988,0.00006338086],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009058591,0.000112997666,0.0001566481,0.000052366024,0.00003971033,0.00007424942,0.000110037574,0.000026324855,0.0006358624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035860942,0.000100295365,0.00012977594,0.00013362947,0.00006221119,0.00011827921,0.00007717611,0.00013865459,0.00019175095],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017897954,0.00023784263,0.0029679986,0.00011117289,0.00030811294,0.000040590297,0.00033218678,0.00002762674,0.1204564,0.8506199,0.0010703907,0.023809904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026451387,0.00061918405,0.0051691043,0.0009672481,0.00080020155,0.000042527463,0.0010687948,0.025695791,0.65924615,0.16522937,0.13633321,0.0021832865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003886395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.4732816e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68539053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016850425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060213246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69622475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399420968","doi":"10.1063/5.0191411","title":"Spatially twisted liquid-crystal devices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"APL Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Liquid crystal; Phase (matter); Materials science; Optics; Polarimetry; Optoelectronics; Voltage; Position (finance); Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Physics","score_opus":0.007198373117250354,"score_gpt":0.23979870811850615,"score_spread":0.2326003350012558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399420968","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9410785,0.0006564997,0.0016680717,0.000228608,0.0008407437,0.00020076858,0.00008807308,0.00018436485,0.055054374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956619,0.0000051383263,0.0011188623,0.00010314834,0.00023833771,0.000021509055,0.00007481702,0.000039247025,0.0027370232],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990753,0.00001635646,0.00019628333,0.00025770636,0.00018632949,0.0002680064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955314,0.0000491015,0.000035382654,0.00024301134,0.000038513394,0.000080839935],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007679163,0.00016463823,0.00013791327,0.000048838006,0.000062875115,0.00016777334,0.00018153625,0.00004066357,0.0010188916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030684191,0.00015357483,0.00012688733,0.00018549219,0.000045546272,0.00014864762,0.00010692299,0.00018697657,0.00045042855],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019467056,0.0011687363,0.010126119,0.00088459475,0.002035856,0.00032154954,0.0052246046,0.0006594466,0.09058244,0.8326078,0.022029841,0.03416435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055233587,0.00046561335,0.00037266695,0.00022416824,0.00019576208,0.000012088535,0.0006201503,0.027062645,0.049934443,0.015430306,0.9041823,0.0009474978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013675193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001959254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8821525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036419737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011216588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399566228","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-64392-y","title":"Tailoring focal plane component intensities of polarization singular fields in a tight focusing system","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Physics; Algorithm; Cardinal point; Computer science; Optics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009267907988015096,"score_gpt":0.21901046929086204,"score_spread":0.20974256130284694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399566228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811667,0.00018939393,0.010011772,0.000055716384,0.0055812765,0.0001456831,0.00000340846,0.00004615801,0.0027999005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998502,7.9133734e-8,0.0004306057,0.0000016339478,0.00011561927,0.000004634428,0.00006415785,0.000011351485,0.0008698792],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987954,0.000022065076,0.0004215853,0.0003137296,0.00026924317,0.00017796636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995046,0.00002217097,0.00010365504,0.00026416674,0.000068040885,0.00003731842],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047421322,0.00009684409,0.00016128998,0.00019680736,0.000077650286,0.00022247668,0.000056024834,0.000032013886,0.000038084552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000074570235,0.00008985959,0.00006805929,0.00029889986,0.00008546262,0.00015732471,0.000072118506,0.00011034442,0.000007192739],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042794178,0.00062790816,0.21442363,0.002603973,0.00041574502,0.0042285346,0.01583198,0.005085306,0.50880796,0.22178808,0.0025745912,0.023569481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064625987,0.00020350193,0.005991907,0.007817803,0.00025653458,0.00057625055,0.014134942,0.12364843,0.7599632,0.05894379,0.026242582,0.0015748108],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002119609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007650391,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2511552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000061439416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006674446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36643678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399762170","doi":"10.1117/12.3028569","title":"Recent advances in spin-orbit photonic technologies","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Photonic crystal; Photonics; Optics; Optoelectronics; Physics; Materials science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006897782744630953,"score_gpt":0.263358707700308,"score_spread":0.25646092495567707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399762170","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29444742,0.07028874,0.0018887749,0.003725154,0.0011891604,0.0004695378,0.000024215846,0.0010800057,0.62688696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949432,0.0016074976,0.00085987005,0.0000160868,0.000046097914,0.000037968606,0.0000069963867,0.000012582931,0.0024697066],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994183,0.0000050228086,0.00012641493,0.0001838767,0.00007995117,0.00018642691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979967,0.000018832608,0.000011952986,0.00014462668,0.000010697548,0.000014195149],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051503906,0.00009330414,0.000088756184,0.000081963946,0.000018362602,0.000054368542,0.00011691937,0.00002470958,0.0009902719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029652551,0.0000747085,0.000038729228,0.00028190893,0.000039598403,0.00018364473,0.00007998722,0.00014712689,0.00029422605],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020601194,0.00006590883,0.0034756032,0.000026331638,0.00001616936,0.000011210438,0.00006203625,0.000036261856,0.0006999111,0.28893185,0.00064417225,0.70602846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011741802,0.00004473335,0.00009484064,0.000074874755,0.000006636453,9.784889e-7,0.0015471652,0.0017331656,0.03361159,0.08142197,0.8811485,0.0001981401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011170021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000088563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8805043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034886863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025968935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399993175","doi":"10.1088/2515-7647/ad5bd0","title":"Portable fiber-based double nanohole optical tweezer for trapping small proteins","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Genome British Columbia; University of Victoria","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Fiber; Optical fiber; Materials science; Tweezers; Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.021674110950700477,"score_gpt":0.2640688560574849,"score_spread":0.24239474510678444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399993175","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.69787014,0.0010120459,0.27518505,0.0011246515,0.0020534273,0.0016979866,0.00020753605,0.00010202761,0.020747107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95656496,0.0000036151362,0.0394046,0.00006842721,0.001275378,0.00006265081,0.000034190467,0.00009657214,0.0024895887],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985556,0.000013504627,0.0005261175,0.00021230296,0.0003053612,0.00038714174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990603,0.00009018358,0.00023529358,0.00021895076,0.00024368068,0.00015160801],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033721564,0.00023113776,0.0003597497,0.000076569166,0.00010096755,0.00023496024,0.0002608195,0.000060359755,0.00018516791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004999109,0.00020273711,0.0005402042,0.00024103902,0.00005401468,0.0002681839,0.00003984971,0.00041132956,0.00003320542],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009306134,0.0050048917,0.00058880606,0.00207991,0.0033585485,0.00020851716,0.0017442121,0.04467119,0.2346425,0.5753098,0.011520186,0.119940825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033650459,0.00092711195,0.000019751013,0.0006404818,0.00051806966,0.000016087324,0.0002504295,0.045284703,0.75440216,0.0523438,0.14152576,0.000706612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013489527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.812841e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52296597,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008707229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050940696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82673794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400284042","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2785/1/012105","title":"Driver circuit design based on NI-6363 data acquisition card for the magnetic fluid deformable mirror","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physics Conference Series","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Actuator; Wavefront; Computer science; Deformable mirror; SIGNAL (programming language); Data acquisition; Diffraction; Channel (broadcasting); Printed circuit board; Computer hardware; Acoustics; Optics; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.054701414414609524,"score_gpt":0.26842574983270456,"score_spread":0.21372433541809505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400284042","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.012180934,0.00044717218,0.9815457,0.0013065771,0.0014788621,0.0005439559,0.0005753992,0.000034345172,0.0018870403],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99569905,0.000016379412,0.0029374217,0.00007720335,0.0005948032,0.000015780257,0.00007242538,0.00002630292,0.000560613],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895906,0.00004387856,0.0002915573,0.00017352158,0.0003052961,0.00022669727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891555,0.00021303656,0.00014836273,0.0004108627,0.00025210826,0.000060049944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031199353,0.00017982484,0.00021461837,0.000044045544,0.0001560608,0.00034961806,0.00051920913,0.000029404508,0.0001753235],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008867557,0.00012290516,0.00014146215,0.00013079605,0.000103729486,0.00079590315,0.00007373562,0.00021374018,0.000028226717],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007000459,0.0005534257,0.0006120414,0.000487063,0.0013141182,0.00004310189,0.0028765146,0.010579773,0.047796723,0.5581636,0.025130663,0.35174295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002320462,0.004330916,0.0010129702,0.0012077116,0.0015528982,0.00003078908,0.003636307,0.39515248,0.19546343,0.3503242,0.043778453,0.0011893432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001801487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010364748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9835181,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000466858,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039329677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5011926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400543235","doi":"10.1364/ol.529611","title":"Perfect space–time vortices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optics; Vortex; Physics; Space (punctuation); Computer science; Meteorology","score_opus":0.0034899988868193526,"score_gpt":0.20885164949910334,"score_spread":0.20536165061228398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400543235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9320192,0.000192489,0.0043222066,0.0067954822,0.0008383139,0.0001474766,0.00003106607,0.00016700236,0.05548678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894786,0.0000023582634,0.003969343,0.000313774,0.0008258851,0.000012558799,0.000028760016,0.00004436504,0.0053243437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991819,0.000016753449,0.00013508412,0.0002277849,0.000166669,0.00027177634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996188,0.0000637568,0.000023966253,0.00020927042,0.000013853326,0.000070322974],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008781833,0.00015137077,0.00011921461,0.000060042283,0.000061421284,0.00025300335,0.00013315046,0.000021897184,0.00094202446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031076438,0.00013887745,0.00012296697,0.00014447591,0.000060190137,0.00015696643,0.0000636194,0.00016736359,0.0020629966],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001987305,0.0003406285,0.011095401,0.00030276424,0.0013100788,0.00031654062,0.0023275712,0.0025436145,0.49405414,0.36930355,0.09807351,0.020312328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018843055,0.0005963571,0.0025936358,0.0008625932,0.0014600605,0.000046438458,0.0012943448,0.32857928,0.096441954,0.021775642,0.5396906,0.004774762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015292799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.5539672e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44161713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025581305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019386207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999713},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400679777","doi":"10.1109/access.2024.3428489","title":"Highly Directional 28-GHz Antenna System Generating Five Simultaneous Far-Field Aligned OAM Modes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Access","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Radial line; Physics; Antenna (radio); Angular momentum; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.011262335596221088,"score_gpt":0.26948744352196813,"score_spread":0.25822510792574704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400679777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9047058,0.00053994247,0.07516985,0.00033318225,0.0031357424,0.00031817623,0.00012521657,0.00040526924,0.0152668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945486,0.0000036022866,0.00062841456,0.00008455356,0.0016977323,0.000050074326,0.000026962969,0.00004006788,0.00291998],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877167,0.000035457557,0.00027469962,0.00037383827,0.0002462305,0.00029811697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927825,0.00026827346,0.00006283118,0.00021628593,0.00009128679,0.000083094026],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008619767,0.00021363758,0.0002035435,0.000078099256,0.00018724764,0.00059301255,0.0003028174,0.000058330672,0.0001046409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010232016,0.00019274338,0.00013235152,0.0002183102,0.000026544794,0.0003609594,0.000100363635,0.00013983222,0.00010178251],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018952589,0.00090454606,0.00909658,0.0019605283,0.002995961,0.0012797983,0.0030002978,0.2266209,0.46981922,0.1679672,0.026965762,0.08919969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030165183,0.0001034091,0.000043630935,0.00032904895,0.00011890469,0.000019896781,0.0007547345,0.89008945,0.10279975,0.0016130422,0.0032096368,0.0006168272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049461355,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008327189,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66346854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007098221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056224304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7859847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400951410","doi":"10.1364/ol.529970","title":"Perfect correlation vortices","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Vortex; Optical vortex; Beam (structure)","score_opus":0.0047233939459298815,"score_gpt":0.221187593482371,"score_spread":0.2164641995364411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400951410","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9118939,0.00015771242,0.04542531,0.002724832,0.0014851092,0.00012842992,0.000016206712,0.0001262811,0.03804222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99562275,0.0000016122615,0.0022580808,0.00018556195,0.00050444517,0.000008630389,0.000031076896,0.000022154964,0.0013656643],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941975,0.00001230433,0.00011749883,0.00015900463,0.00012622548,0.00016522926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974316,0.000052127547,0.000021333024,0.00013113258,0.000011994901,0.000040235704],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006718691,0.00009879577,0.00007120601,0.000046787784,0.000052477873,0.0001707891,0.00007561392,0.000017374372,0.00034990403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025540285,0.00009207671,0.000075388925,0.0001137576,0.00003574875,0.00015838123,0.000031541447,0.00013515385,0.0005660905],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015636318,0.00022841817,0.052603394,0.00022617962,0.0007037455,0.00011536028,0.0028025324,0.013664139,0.091785565,0.7584416,0.032784253,0.046629146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010482186,0.00028322358,0.0074038063,0.00046065002,0.00075791165,0.000020586453,0.0012573979,0.7971222,0.01635958,0.02008495,0.1529903,0.0022112085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013284968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.3467352e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78345805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021359234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012918512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7276137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402268425","doi":"10.1364/cleo_at.2024.jtu2a.196","title":"Tight focusing of radially-azimuthally polarized higher order Poincaré sphere beams","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Order (exchange); Optics; Poincaré conjecture","score_opus":0.006961901538585944,"score_gpt":0.23381993141528443,"score_spread":0.22685802987669848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402268425","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2412881,0.0014268594,0.038232885,0.0023601705,0.0023493606,0.0004918604,0.00010170354,0.00029314964,0.7134559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.949033,0.000002134556,0.010831656,0.000047977443,0.00061019417,0.0000059352906,0.00003270981,0.000047700298,0.03938868],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989866,0.000023371013,0.00027307263,0.000248904,0.00020689702,0.00026116992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995088,0.00005105825,0.000046669775,0.0002456438,0.000069379275,0.00007844554],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000088842964,0.00018108386,0.00022190767,0.000051603012,0.00004667828,0.00010387736,0.0001577514,0.0000530619,0.008660037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002226957,0.00014962108,0.00015564646,0.00027824417,0.00006403649,0.00018448826,0.00010136766,0.00015914088,0.00023321601],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035562673,0.00039354598,0.00507565,0.00019989483,0.0008675758,0.00003616478,0.0006308482,0.000052173273,0.08635555,0.865741,0.0071770665,0.03343495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0049443077,0.0006258376,0.004132161,0.00077038223,0.0008995794,0.00001455607,0.0013671767,0.005125345,0.17745742,0.24704252,0.5547078,0.0029128555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038065133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000037130003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7077449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002527802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013461037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9922462},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402979080","doi":"10.1109/ap-s/inc-usnc-ursi52054.2024.10686965","title":"3D-Printed Conformal Meta-Lens with Multi-Mode Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Generation and Beam-Steering Capabilities","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Conformal map; Beam steering; Lens (geology); Physics; Optics; Mode (computer interface); Beam (structure); Orbital angular momentum of light; 3d printed; Computer science; Engineering; Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02312127203995864,"score_gpt":0.24608363278334036,"score_spread":0.22296236074338172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402979080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657844,0.0004369323,0.026871406,0.00013801162,0.00020836253,0.00031882964,0.00009243849,0.00014235254,0.006007315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877638,0.0000033071437,0.0065614213,0.00002207881,0.00019508602,0.000071312774,0.00009985089,0.000035802783,0.005247302],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989275,0.000015779307,0.0002521488,0.00031832015,0.00019191013,0.0002943815],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995898,0.000028022012,0.00003509252,0.0002045282,0.000060545117,0.00008200715],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010495201,0.00025337326,0.00026121095,0.00007823366,0.00010419622,0.00026248448,0.00007721625,0.00003658443,0.0007020637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000025526274,0.00018436398,0.00010151383,0.00009943064,0.00010113968,0.00052972743,0.00009793885,0.00015318206,0.00003063739],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011544533,0.0011659757,0.015810356,0.0011999486,0.018577281,0.00016822088,0.02078532,0.015062548,0.18350127,0.7311385,0.0021433085,0.010331768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024266834,0.00080635224,0.0009391723,0.00012553243,0.0028903564,0.00007002632,0.01168641,0.7187865,0.24235041,0.0011767218,0.016565282,0.0021766014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038451064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004007493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7299618,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037627382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004224601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76871055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403029020","doi":"10.1364/bgpp.2024.jtu1a.42","title":"Tight Focusing of Obstructed Radially-Azimuthally Polarized Higher Order Poincaré Sphere Beams","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Order (exchange); Optics; Poincaré conjecture","score_opus":0.00669974346217546,"score_gpt":0.228936036230387,"score_spread":0.22223629276821152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403029020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5987129,0.0011408697,0.021282583,0.0015532571,0.002803258,0.0005487144,0.00014556115,0.00037164436,0.37344122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9612122,0.000001802492,0.01479447,0.00003517272,0.000550621,0.0000059568724,0.000057281683,0.00005428241,0.023288181],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988275,0.000028448118,0.0003295248,0.00028568236,0.0002338095,0.00029502803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994121,0.00005931157,0.000061199906,0.00027979215,0.00009720261,0.000090400266],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007252529,0.00021267918,0.00025935998,0.00006187668,0.000054409116,0.00011672155,0.00018146711,0.00006692073,0.008594059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003530299,0.0001785608,0.00016168845,0.0003767857,0.000079469646,0.0002046531,0.00011031091,0.00018859874,0.00015855084],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052039326,0.0003535608,0.007825728,0.00024453565,0.001200156,0.000047141657,0.0007197493,0.000062972686,0.17035463,0.7749755,0.004408129,0.0397559],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00813531,0.000735135,0.015063751,0.0010273795,0.0013746988,0.000027940032,0.0020141795,0.008488441,0.2751722,0.34552327,0.33810535,0.0043323375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049141503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000045519196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4294522,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030632644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014386397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9923122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403510624","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131220","title":"Topological charge of a Gaussian beam with an off-axis optical vortex","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Center \"Kurchatov Institute\"; National Research Council Canada; Russian Science Foundation; National Research Foundation of Korea","keywords":"Topological quantum number; Optical vortex; Optics; Gaussian beam; Vortex; Physics; Beam (structure); Gaussian; Light beam; Charge (physics); Topology (electrical circuits); Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.021199794864756576,"score_gpt":0.28849229154013856,"score_spread":0.26729249667538196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403510624","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5787589,0.0011369769,0.011570071,0.004352016,0.00018344098,0.000544017,0.00031494923,0.0002144686,0.40292513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95359856,0.0000473431,0.045102563,0.000020624368,0.00007245993,0.00004142564,0.00016067288,0.000024913652,0.00093141163],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991297,0.00004111079,0.0002646231,0.00019182598,0.00016188259,0.0002108206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99821955,0.00013186182,0.000051011044,0.0013973037,0.000082498475,0.00011777727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013337935,0.00014382058,0.00018469356,0.00006277767,0.00013692304,0.000086915126,0.0006651785,0.000049907485,0.0003749449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000070084197,0.00011566315,0.000081976184,0.00024918042,0.00040135277,0.00015861055,0.00028864612,0.00030637387,0.0000837082],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005584517,0.00048659943,0.0009244055,0.000013663291,0.00009162323,0.000001816492,0.00031851,0.000015905238,0.00077286724,0.994199,0.00003154228,0.003138476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0040147426,0.0083753355,0.020929042,0.001510082,0.0023478752,0.00010743845,0.014002683,0.40476814,0.02930621,0.30654278,0.20296021,0.005135475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029033303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007335616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6876562,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021162254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007873851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4716606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403528291","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2024.131203","title":"Talbot-effect-based multiplication of Laguerre–Gaussian beams with non-zero radial indices: From theory to experimental realization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Realization (probability); Laguerre polynomials; Zero (linguistics); Multiplication (music); Optics; Gaussian; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.010816085247146385,"score_gpt":0.2777199577387032,"score_spread":0.26690387249155684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403528291","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35728678,0.00063092605,0.5981377,0.0007449295,0.00024689487,0.0016134602,0.00063307903,0.0001682071,0.040538054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95801455,0.000004740894,0.040266573,0.00003111849,0.000068435686,0.00025956592,0.0011698733,0.000041030507,0.00014408717],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906456,0.00010210311,0.00027240362,0.000225261,0.0001809171,0.00015473567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981589,0.00034157335,0.000105752944,0.0012381792,0.00006123619,0.00009435988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016192686,0.0001712355,0.00017607221,0.00011687301,0.00016293423,0.0001012747,0.00054426637,0.000049973944,0.00007215877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000087312055,0.00015500757,0.00007274521,0.00036620442,0.0001574728,0.00014468469,0.00017611074,0.00016481381,0.000046848287],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019956002,0.002038712,0.008076478,0.000111692425,0.00068095495,0.000002336317,0.01177244,0.010324814,0.072514415,0.86805105,0.00047568986,0.025751859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005073014,0.0025187428,0.0071630995,0.0019448774,0.0011066848,0.0000023243977,0.0074269804,0.59005225,0.33486444,0.02268843,0.024851954,0.002307206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029007968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015196205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8453626,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006185572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008054464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6321025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404087775","doi":"10.1002/adpr.202400137","title":"High‐Fidelity Information Transmission Through the Turbulent Atmosphere Utilizing Partially Coherent Cylindrical Vector Beams","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Photonics Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Atmosphere (unit); Transmission (telecommunications); Turbulence; Lagrangian coherent structures; Information transmission; Physics; Fidelity; Optics; High fidelity; Computer science; Meteorology; Acoustics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.028742629782782535,"score_gpt":0.3384825358261015,"score_spread":0.30973990604331897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404087775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8405044,0.0057194433,0.09699351,0.009744017,0.00176367,0.0041975584,0.00021955014,0.0004517724,0.040406037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98418254,0.00015736831,0.014683631,0.00006795516,0.00006665247,0.00022715886,0.00013580965,0.00003398802,0.00044491942],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974405,0.00014506906,0.00044827853,0.0003356864,0.00097513164,0.000655339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876595,0.00030796093,0.00005128785,0.0004807543,0.0002569646,0.00013706913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060972665,0.00021436827,0.00019657625,0.000020883524,0.0004290742,0.00036374258,0.00042127914,0.00007700805,0.00086004374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021594513,0.00014872229,0.00016271848,0.00056469906,0.00016683644,0.00075880036,0.00017587644,0.001029479,0.00032147457],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003784795,0.0006197628,0.00017493611,0.0004866476,0.00040425648,0.000038345035,0.008823853,0.08110244,0.005926338,0.6432964,0.0045091333,0.2542394],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007257501,0.0002841829,0.00018589673,0.00026126913,0.00003566626,0.000004180211,0.0024665126,0.22919334,0.022867957,0.053483594,0.69010055,0.00039106776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035004102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000058543583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68559146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020577863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026662857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94168764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404257554","doi":"10.1364/oe.541939","title":"Individual nanostructures in an epsilon-near-zero material probed with 3D-sculpted light","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Max Planck - University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz; Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft; Österreichische Nationalstiftung für Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung; Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Wirtschaft","keywords":"Optics; Zero (linguistics); Physics; Materials science","score_opus":0.00713337854002276,"score_gpt":0.22913899507187058,"score_spread":0.2220056165318478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404257554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938082,0.00005536694,0.00059522915,0.000082917926,0.00062434457,0.00035521347,0.0002483602,0.00009866634,0.0041316906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9662195,9.37075e-7,0.032733977,0.00001782635,0.00018072549,0.00006527093,0.00027067738,0.000066041335,0.00044507787],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985796,0.00004229958,0.00025975614,0.00041102755,0.0003119163,0.0003953772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994123,0.000021720643,0.00005148513,0.0003541669,0.000047513327,0.00011281145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000091969756,0.00027432473,0.00023106257,0.000090969974,0.000088498506,0.0007530296,0.00030842194,0.00008127727,0.00035838477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000024177332,0.00022071322,0.000049235772,0.00020752502,0.00008834683,0.00034894966,0.00014923708,0.00024786376,0.000033241642],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012885556,0.0037120117,0.059159856,0.0016458897,0.0022929665,0.0014376268,0.04982337,0.02334524,0.44394705,0.37684384,0.007544402,0.028959189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009000895,0.003970281,0.012332483,0.0026203545,0.0010596286,0.00009926966,0.003948107,0.07345868,0.73882306,0.070810325,0.076631226,0.0072456743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004814981,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006877463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30603352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026943864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008363045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9000424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404469597","doi":"10.1109/lawp.2024.3501371","title":"Anisotropic Bilayer Transmissive Huygens Metasurface for Generating Multi-OAM Beams With Orthogonal Modes and Polarizations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Anisotropy; Optics; Bilayer; Physics; Polarization (electrochemistry); Materials science; Optoelectronics; Membrane; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01300983738811175,"score_gpt":0.2377955975799159,"score_spread":0.22478576019180413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404469597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5575379,0.00014309953,0.44088215,0.001011936,0.00004816081,0.00026377224,0.00007398874,0.00002804826,0.000010936713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849002,0.000014540254,0.014398046,0.00020911256,0.000159577,0.000068125584,0.00007179558,0.000034622208,0.00014397572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991619,0.000023230778,0.00018032761,0.00031589638,0.000114222494,0.00020442076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996879,0.0000389949,0.000051961822,0.000084065185,0.000067004126,0.00007004284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006752645,0.00017839468,0.00015888593,0.000060943727,0.0002694935,0.00022850452,0.00004536968,0.000029662677,0.000009907285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001368763,0.00013877322,0.00004977573,0.00011896087,0.00009772657,0.00027203775,0.000011054148,0.00010573186,0.0000015012655],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020615289,0.00006803835,0.0048622214,0.00017189146,0.0002672214,0.0000070902975,0.00093191245,0.002665913,0.968584,0.015407108,0.00007131671,0.0069426494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014801357,0.00022121253,0.0016345715,0.0002718423,0.0003216655,0.00001688629,0.001147696,0.90856797,0.0846096,0.00045116062,0.000581419,0.0006958704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030947784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004921924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.905902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012123041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003510858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56590074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404542265","doi":"10.1038/s41566-024-01564-2","title":"Topological orbital angular momentum extraction and twofold protection of vortex transport","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Physics; Topological quantum number; Disclination; Vortex; Topology (electrical circuits); Angular momentum; Topological defect; Optical vortex; Vorticity; Zero mode; Quantum mechanics; Classical mechanics; Optics; Liquid crystal","score_opus":0.005522111320952235,"score_gpt":0.2548921433529727,"score_spread":0.2493700320320205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404542265","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99048454,0.0019696304,0.0018048178,0.00019439035,0.000674228,0.00035058684,0.00006157864,0.00006771545,0.0043924986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99835765,0.000016717964,0.00077555235,0.000011739994,0.00013729783,0.000029700235,0.000036091173,0.000019227455,0.0006160098],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991223,0.000016119213,0.00021219268,0.00026905708,0.00020392676,0.0001763705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968463,0.000021003192,0.00005341549,0.00014245344,0.000043616066,0.000054865926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013333993,0.00014954813,0.00016876376,0.00006836229,0.000050810824,0.000031505977,0.00007010474,0.00018481209,0.00025254613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000040173,0.00012732853,0.000109186534,0.0001867688,0.00006456329,0.00015832864,0.000023962957,0.00063735235,0.000006791701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021806924,0.0011932042,0.011221612,0.000844153,0.0008483785,0.00018801948,0.001641225,0.00018873892,0.4163513,0.544422,0.00060845393,0.022274893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018462264,0.0014366851,0.013822346,0.0004827278,0.000736156,0.00018406057,0.0019191707,0.03996664,0.68520457,0.1459881,0.10672513,0.0016881936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056050867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028619816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39843386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003330954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036386624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51923066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404636785","doi":"10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l042047","title":"Stimulated emission tomography for efficient characterization of spatial entanglement","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Research","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Office of Naval Research; Office of Science","keywords":"Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Photon; Physics; Quantum entanglement; Parametric statistics; Photon entanglement; Optics; Stimulated emission; Quantum optics; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Laser; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03932060557271394,"score_gpt":0.41069477239402735,"score_spread":0.3713741668213134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404636785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97106326,0.006313777,0.016237486,0.0008948081,0.00026444177,0.0029365604,0.00035519974,0.00005506338,0.0018794059],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988,0.00017725586,0.00005613395,0.000010388331,0.00032084621,0.00016775842,0.0002525782,0.000019334308,0.00019572576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986873,0.00008814393,0.00023511423,0.00023989851,0.0004899457,0.0002595523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993068,0.0001764446,0.000037237336,0.00019243747,0.00020624054,0.00008082678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047997982,0.000101954014,0.000218736,0.00008533099,0.000061174054,0.000037100774,0.0001387224,0.000011919935,0.00021995565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024048893,0.00007865006,0.0002130215,0.000487259,0.000057291512,0.00004154504,0.000098131844,0.0001580509,0.000037966493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004571359,0.0015384471,0.0006459711,0.00840754,0.00020465082,0.0000023189202,0.0003194126,0.000031486285,0.66671395,0.05581551,0.001240398,0.26503462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011342447,0.0015179112,0.0021953727,0.018117942,0.000365184,6.3909965e-7,0.00008271367,0.2864469,0.5059761,0.02647174,0.15688486,0.00080640835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021211381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.754738e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2864154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029223249,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005092737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32072562},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405047696","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/ad9ac7","title":"Robust quantum metrology with random Majorana constellations","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Quantum Science and Technology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Emil Aaltosen Säätiö; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Magnus Ehrnroothin Säätiö; QuantERA; Academy of Finland; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission","keywords":"MAJORANA; Quantum metrology; Physics; Quantum; Quantum mechanics; Quantum state; Constellation; Dephasing; Robustness (evolution); Quantum information science; Theoretical physics; Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Open quantum system; Quantum technology; Fermion","score_opus":0.01063424994223041,"score_gpt":0.23075501256742878,"score_spread":0.22012076262519836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405047696","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9658991,0.0010944097,0.014952957,0.00324219,0.00045240513,0.0002745988,0.000022220682,0.00031773117,0.013744391],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990569,0.000014656857,0.0006567731,0.00002839144,0.000064117165,0.000020922133,0.0000037679367,0.000012451419,0.00014206895],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870765,0.000012246513,0.00016629638,0.0004393448,0.00021568857,0.00045879514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933565,0.00007775658,0.000038848528,0.00025845744,0.00020470892,0.000084556195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029168752,0.00014597735,0.00019590714,0.00060431147,0.00030398936,0.00013804749,0.000234362,0.000063109415,0.00013971033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035611698,0.00010883106,0.000025858059,0.0019120941,0.0022390164,0.00023929637,0.00012336177,0.0002282895,0.00006824594],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007904778,0.000029200126,0.00991025,0.000009343753,0.0000326518,0.00001092382,0.000051088813,0.000022595894,0.002353777,0.98024005,0.0002542988,0.007077934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003152881,0.0019120657,0.0011141325,0.00017646511,0.0002968544,0.00016770832,0.0070686284,0.31412232,0.014501335,0.5894125,0.06681273,0.0012623629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059901133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000061155365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3908275,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029299074,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025586624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82497495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405287718","doi":"10.21105/joss.06315","title":"pySLM2: A full-stack python package for holographic beam shaping","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Open Source Software","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Python (programming language); Stack (abstract data type); Computer science; Holography; R package; Computer graphics (images); Computational science; Programming language; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.029744059419997946,"score_gpt":0.303185757033236,"score_spread":0.27344169761323806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405287718","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7069942,0.0025466091,0.28557608,0.0017422636,0.00082940137,0.0008223916,0.00011677444,0.000079708785,0.0012926311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923971,0.000018689298,0.004177489,0.00016758191,0.0009056042,0.000014544705,0.000012184429,0.00008213177,0.0022246223],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886316,0.000066422115,0.00040528653,0.00014009833,0.00023314325,0.00029188997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884695,0.000369159,0.00024148244,0.00028529065,0.00013722155,0.00011989255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009873494,0.00018047346,0.00028311662,0.000105992694,0.00021253352,0.00051214575,0.0009691179,0.000040958537,0.0003396603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049628437,0.00011799459,0.00030735641,0.00026547516,0.00009340813,0.00039774558,0.00032697312,0.00039831013,0.000043102813],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002772983,0.0021127367,0.06631634,0.0016789744,0.009605114,0.00031044724,0.044956394,0.008578939,0.048906542,0.026147995,0.43533865,0.35327488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006406816,0.00449311,0.0048434786,0.003917597,0.0030606077,0.00085517735,0.028407536,0.0019781638,0.015698005,0.1782148,0.74955165,0.0025730496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020242642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012973452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35070184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000335461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010618583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4938633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406205102","doi":"10.1364/oe.547393","title":"Optical pulling force on Janus particles via azimuthally-polarized Bessel beams","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Express","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Bessel function; Optical force; Optical tweezers; Materials science; Physics; Light beam","score_opus":0.009045529671868929,"score_gpt":0.24512416519744176,"score_spread":0.23607863552557284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406205102","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6307505,0.0001593369,0.27622542,0.00067970634,0.0008387969,0.00054030557,0.000039228762,0.00014163097,0.090625085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817259,0.0000038735484,0.0140072545,0.00013116508,0.00025928774,0.000058719183,0.00003439893,0.000037956863,0.0037414478],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983039,0.000038661863,0.0003829478,0.0004185094,0.00030025482,0.0005557376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989214,0.00016717886,0.00009073127,0.000561516,0.000102057005,0.00015710243],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016414827,0.0002928376,0.00031476028,0.00008556612,0.0002161555,0.00019730802,0.0003924051,0.000096482996,0.000059484755],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025567555,0.0002863982,0.0001677452,0.00020501109,0.00011575933,0.00015135595,0.00023495838,0.00033902345,0.00010106799],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015668533,0.0013196887,0.006043935,0.00008469619,0.00040741786,0.00002528138,0.0004567863,0.0039453446,0.16169448,0.8147141,0.00037574506,0.0107758865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004249026,0.00044383248,0.0008453066,0.0005721368,0.00044517315,0.0000038649086,0.0013794675,0.0824902,0.739183,0.16233364,0.0064603565,0.0015939816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031452466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.983867e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6523804,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004371066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050760224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406250200","doi":"10.37188/lam.2025.017","title":"High-speed complex field modulation using binary phase-engraved superpixels","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Light Advanced Manufacturing","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Engraving; Modulation (music); Binary number; Field (mathematics); Phase (matter); Computer science; Mathematics; Physics; Arithmetic; Art; Visual arts; Acoustics","score_opus":0.014486983695166971,"score_gpt":0.2825910694335712,"score_spread":0.2681040857384042,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406250200","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9645037,0.00003255093,0.02835296,0.00040233237,0.00058791647,0.0002918426,0.000018171833,0.000095771946,0.005714751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98958933,0.0000017014362,0.008838056,0.00011815896,0.00020954465,0.0000089069845,0.00008209085,0.00002474541,0.0011274872],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988504,0.000024604951,0.00030329608,0.00033336005,0.0001458854,0.0003424304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994099,0.000063637075,0.00009193136,0.00033788144,0.000034103123,0.000062534746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047357436,0.00024072244,0.00026165723,0.00013796538,0.00023770779,0.00007125499,0.00018038283,0.00005144914,0.00041087312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004679282,0.0002429839,0.000109865585,0.00012417219,0.00002195851,0.00030577005,0.00013953005,0.00018850753,0.000020285313],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000119400574,0.0003751598,0.0007490301,0.00008778349,0.00019711761,0.00001092828,0.00028972718,0.032636262,0.8823678,0.015776332,0.00031935732,0.06707112],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015829141,0.00006176528,0.0008832833,0.00007626399,0.000038962222,4.853733e-7,0.00020494261,0.009523481,0.9650351,0.016929734,0.005357297,0.00030577203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006594107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001366094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.082667306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006943016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019918692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99085957},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406447130","doi":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)82668-9","title":"10.1016/s0967-0653(98)82668-9","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Time to knit","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Trapping; Geometry; Physics; Optics; Mechanics; Mathematics; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.0041798060114117365,"score_gpt":0.17056621039287906,"score_spread":0.16638640438146732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406447130","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010627059,0.000015583171,0.000004896504,0.00016337233,0.0000025466868,0.00014538277,0.00003734528,0.00006430141,0.99850386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010865404,2.3104288e-8,0.00021449423,0.000017845177,0.00037475044,0.000018592162,0.00004244842,0.00002910919,0.9982162],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991937,0.000018248746,0.00015076638,0.00020356152,0.00014880748,0.00028491212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950075,0.000019777935,0.00002574251,0.00028484798,0.000028334773,0.00014056337],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058569072,0.00014979807,0.00014864576,0.000036058358,0.00007111873,0.000056321933,0.00019937805,0.000028709888,0.9996177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000022234585,0.00014873127,0.000085322055,0.00013939478,0.000027633338,0.00009222307,0.00005493576,0.00010308861,0.99943566],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022681645,0.00013006602,5.61221e-7,0.0000032983228,0.000045172543,0.0000026058208,0.000029595505,0.00009260977,0.000021600095,0.00007613187,0.37875748,0.6208182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001827969,0.00007599493,0.000008471642,0.00000828912,0.000018143966,7.084935e-7,0.0000036959918,0.00013612029,0.0002828057,0.00016804783,0.99892294,0.00019199608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037581576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.649874e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6206262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021794462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019037541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6065085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406977510","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0616","title":"Space‐time couplings in ultrashort lasers with arbitrary nonparaxial focusing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanophotonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; European Commission","keywords":"Physics; Optics; Laser; Chirp; Diffraction; Space time; Curvature; Focus (optics); Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.001853368568125025,"score_gpt":0.2028373432081457,"score_spread":0.20098397464002069,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406977510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94892275,0.00006694254,0.00035356288,0.00026339435,0.00016396916,0.00030218574,0.000020498166,0.000041242572,0.04986542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99111724,0.000004707008,0.0054878164,0.00016018859,0.00005075963,0.000031902546,0.000036044006,0.00003076496,0.0030805715],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889183,0.000012074783,0.00023188515,0.0003096512,0.0001874733,0.00036710294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999492,0.000056864563,0.000066778055,0.00027709026,0.00004593148,0.000061322964],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000118757496,0.000209928,0.00025753124,0.0000963127,0.00008233157,0.00006639988,0.00017887267,0.0000681333,0.00018091704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000042093825,0.00019681611,0.00007436814,0.0004535393,0.000079846315,0.00012361014,0.000059367474,0.00028579117,0.00006143746],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011272392,0.0034971978,0.57437724,0.00036318813,0.0011891093,0.0003390234,0.003752107,0.010785603,0.25540337,0.1381879,0.0042307978,0.0067472532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011248545,0.00082499086,0.013256759,0.0014432259,0.0004712879,0.000015391897,0.0021394934,0.085674495,0.7604585,0.024711462,0.096491486,0.0032643373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018460443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014770482,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56112045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087687346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024620828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8025928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407549587","doi":"10.1002/adma.202417742","title":"Crossing the Dimensional Divide with Optoelectronic Tweezers: Multicomponent Light‐Driven Micromachines with Motion Transfer in Three Dimensions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Southern University of Science and Technology; Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing; Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality; Sun Yat-sen University; Southeast University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microscale chemistry; Microsystem; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Tweezers; Optical tweezers; Levitation; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Optics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.00454610312189039,"score_gpt":0.22748132195147627,"score_spread":0.2229352188295859,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407549587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901272,0.00009314237,0.008270362,0.0006376552,0.00015258045,0.0005038226,0.00003339012,0.00003180382,0.00015006025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975924,0.0000017133694,0.0020422796,0.000057349498,0.00004982714,0.000093890565,0.000041207615,0.000025038173,0.00009630969],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889374,0.00005177532,0.0002550851,0.0002894901,0.00017528156,0.00033465266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995252,0.0000669956,0.000053376927,0.00026201256,0.000059738915,0.000032678177],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011252812,0.00022610028,0.00025924356,0.000060631173,0.00026920036,0.00013427905,0.000141215,0.00002748269,0.00005862749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000031886843,0.00013260706,0.000037663012,0.00016119091,0.000120959754,0.0001914182,0.00006016792,0.000116533905,0.000007818662],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022333897,0.00019527721,0.005671394,0.000022107504,0.00009817561,0.000004359607,0.00020415378,0.005945559,0.9768524,0.0100589255,0.0000056557615,0.0007186415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027311593,0.00018396165,0.018803826,0.000454928,0.000108027045,0.0000037665127,0.00012543277,0.000273941,0.9671918,0.009259606,0.00048517846,0.000378344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014679681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013381014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013132432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007296104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007397025,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5407559},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407793421","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c07987","title":"Conformational Stability at Low Temperatures Using Single Protein Nanoaperture Optical Tweezers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Bovine serum albumin; Stability (learning theory); Materials science; Tweezers; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Biophysics; Biological system; Physics; Optics; Computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.007791023886580571,"score_gpt":0.23291936683278253,"score_spread":0.22512834294620196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407793421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946313,0.000030290612,0.00040547614,0.00033885048,0.000042138476,0.00008817979,0.000015353005,0.0000054981347,0.0044429004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988483,1.4631401e-7,0.00019572349,0.000038980445,0.00044190575,0.0000015039429,0.000006408342,0.000007182536,0.00045985793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991552,0.00002973703,0.00027838087,0.000077791,0.00028620195,0.00017268698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992761,0.00012771682,0.00017850127,0.00017188379,0.00017472108,0.00007104868],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015561005,0.00014071034,0.00020436016,0.00001070146,0.00013861537,0.000045779274,0.00025107973,0.00003325713,0.00018832421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003356507,0.00009031013,0.00017476104,0.00011200375,0.00017785258,0.0001253219,0.00011369489,0.00036599164,0.0000042260963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007262284,0.0002966514,0.00014215836,0.000060526505,0.00008730103,0.0000010291811,0.00021668295,0.00035123402,0.9973725,0.0011515057,0.00015289534,0.00009485939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034306198,0.000033614797,0.00005981955,0.000095048614,0.000064821754,0.0000066932653,0.0004329736,0.0015589589,0.9945276,0.002468686,0.00030948303,0.00009925746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000024015965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.4543293e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042169783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013007817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012531427,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36827403},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407909435","doi":"10.1364/josaa.547816","title":"Laguerre–Gaussian-to-Hermite–Gaussian mode conversion revisited","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences","keywords":"Hermite polynomials; Laguerre polynomials; Gaussian; Mode (computer interface); Statistical physics; Mathematics; Physics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Quantum mechanics; Human–computer interaction","score_opus":0.005503785042652803,"score_gpt":0.25519593777606464,"score_spread":0.24969215273341183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407909435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6533128,0.0005754894,0.17430595,0.079430684,0.0019283742,0.0010141212,0.000095063326,0.000045751447,0.089291744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9682441,0.00001807224,0.028446564,0.0012866985,0.00020332888,0.0000015967812,0.0000016221727,0.000013933317,0.0017840936],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987604,0.00004934197,0.00047628512,0.00012937436,0.00035327155,0.00023133736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896854,0.0001002615,0.00036230107,0.0002755656,0.00015622353,0.00013708367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016800685,0.00014917768,0.00038461853,0.000036857193,0.00010849492,0.000034513327,0.000467688,0.00005181393,0.00016278768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027906224,0.00009853487,0.0007416276,0.0004989855,0.0002190807,0.00009321526,0.00022830968,0.0003746736,0.000015288224],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007893434,0.00437453,0.06309374,0.0008171592,0.0056715882,0.000017333095,0.007668824,0.007014881,0.15517817,0.07041388,0.5792528,0.105707794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013287436,0.0037961246,0.07413573,0.006288906,0.004101443,0.000066224624,0.031908076,0.067328945,0.20583245,0.06244191,0.52760154,0.003211225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029192612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.483914e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31493127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072540235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001034148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40181354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408716940","doi":"10.1109/emts57498.2023.10925241","title":"Triple-Mode OAM Generating Dielectric Resonator Antenna","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Dielectric resonator antenna; Dielectric resonator; Resonator; Dielectric; Antenna (radio); Mode (computer interface); Physics; Computer science; Telecommunications; Optoelectronics; Optics; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.01175968637101453,"score_gpt":0.2634979238990853,"score_spread":0.25173823752807073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408716940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92422014,0.00007098445,0.0061833235,0.00045274812,0.0004305454,0.00021967948,0.00002921006,0.00032017782,0.068073176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96698827,0.0000031229717,0.0011937706,0.00007450775,0.0004513816,0.000024416973,0.000053067866,0.000023451552,0.031188013],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915445,0.000017881639,0.00016508224,0.00019265988,0.00014856421,0.00032136115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996486,0.00003529005,0.000037599926,0.00017741106,0.000033230906,0.000067888795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009115277,0.00011354518,0.000117411284,0.00008362771,0.00012109559,0.00005651987,0.00012106564,0.000022731907,0.0005136211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008437167,0.00009938015,0.000080143465,0.00050259085,0.000015456751,0.00007737796,0.00007864774,0.00010541051,0.0006519134],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002619528,0.0004133453,0.052825928,0.000047154423,0.0003346185,0.000045087094,0.00096481555,0.00041150037,0.21951814,0.56509984,0.081695445,0.07861794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020975342,0.00028919528,0.0047657527,0.00003897752,0.000074767304,0.0000034889808,0.0018598707,0.8481101,0.05932372,0.030599223,0.051483054,0.0013543584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009222623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027749256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84769857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017040216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029020171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8379245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408752958","doi":"10.1007/s42452-024-06330-1","title":"Design and investigation of dual-guided optical fiber with 60 OAM and 6 LP modes for ultra-high optical communication","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discover Applied Sciences","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Dual (grammatical number); Optical fiber; Fiber; Plastic optical fiber; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Optics; Computer science; Multi-mode optical fiber; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01877076742244222,"score_gpt":0.26058225566293813,"score_spread":0.24181148824049592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408752958","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90975875,0.00003281217,0.07934671,0.00036232598,0.000009856458,0.00042089302,0.000008826124,0.0000078312105,0.010051975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9396991,0.0000023087048,0.060051445,0.00002994387,0.000009967919,0.00006289099,0.000013647425,0.0000040057207,0.0001266864],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993755,0.00001588372,0.00014898166,0.00019988809,0.00013156878,0.0001281681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995142,0.00023439698,0.000053513053,0.00012569569,0.000032257896,0.000039898987],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002630735,0.000091923845,0.00013002894,0.00004093509,0.00016152469,0.00010276947,0.00010227435,0.00002294543,0.000006243328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000056187782,0.00006853148,0.000013570462,0.00014954568,0.00086668204,0.00016034122,0.000050658055,0.00004900538,6.431274e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003350252,0.000045477034,0.0025598207,0.000032736814,0.000031648615,6.232711e-8,0.00031726147,0.0025264805,0.020163251,0.9727117,0.000083780986,0.0014943168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019380447,0.00035943,0.012914477,0.00014856676,0.00019169392,0.0000014677709,0.003057895,0.020728707,0.5785812,0.38152948,0.0000849076,0.00046411494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020313753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010749853,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5911822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000072287085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007558635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3193326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408878396","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131803","title":"Helicity density of higher-order Poincaré beams in tight focus","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Russian Science Foundation","keywords":"Helicity; Focus (optics); Order (exchange); Optics; Physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.011215729461100695,"score_gpt":0.27872675609920194,"score_spread":0.2675110266381012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408878396","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30466428,0.00063143315,0.0094864825,0.0060893847,0.00020188237,0.00043278123,0.0000791008,0.0000442378,0.6783704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9733134,0.000033734028,0.024108525,0.000043051794,0.000016373995,0.000023306537,0.000049684844,0.000008908053,0.0024030101],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992894,0.00006139568,0.00029215822,0.00011661024,0.00008951504,0.0001509376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982402,0.00014373881,0.00008847776,0.001341047,0.00015468226,0.000031889173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113114824,0.00010237543,0.00017850433,0.00009192692,0.00010895316,0.000021252874,0.0006227606,0.000042399075,0.00006935053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011912505,0.000110258596,0.00006374587,0.00046612223,0.00016294101,0.0000662507,0.0005845489,0.00022539392,0.000018942379],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000031007542,0.0005009984,0.03873518,0.000009749087,0.0000637048,1.8770226e-7,0.00015571693,0.0000746392,0.00077304017,0.9577031,0.00016701188,0.0018135686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037756655,0.00016615406,0.25096288,0.000535623,0.00047160193,8.850169e-7,0.0019126508,0.031344086,0.047302138,0.6127593,0.049435608,0.0013334117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046552045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009073201,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6759674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038422448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000721677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4496215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408913897","doi":"10.1109/icjece.2025.3539782","title":"Novel Switched Mode OAM Beam Generation Using Series-Fed UCA Antenna for AAVs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Antenna (radio); Mode (computer interface); Beam (structure); Physics; Optics; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.009369298228863525,"score_gpt":0.20690315758123248,"score_spread":0.19753385935236895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408913897","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27672058,0.00016992979,0.72264946,0.00009796677,0.0002819275,0.000055844193,0.000006260849,0.0000032371445,0.000014773966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977328,0.0000013054483,0.02189589,0.000050968378,0.00065430644,0.0000017937243,0.000004449948,0.0000101018995,0.000053161788],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994466,0.0000032083303,0.00019861122,0.00008578434,0.000045469773,0.00022034388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996052,0.000024825633,0.0000471895,0.00005005254,0.00009152101,0.00018125419],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051592782,0.00009957393,0.0001589939,0.0001666238,0.00007579289,0.00008376977,0.00007880729,0.00002929239,0.0000034821198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000065090967,0.00009730983,0.00006827017,0.00016165682,0.0000085070415,0.00011038065,0.00000940063,0.00012618754,1.2454832e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009082137,0.000221437,0.009510791,0.00019247604,0.0013823655,0.000051766427,0.0006929419,0.2668888,0.5358693,0.1345866,0.0020789152,0.048433777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037933677,0.000116131865,0.0004002329,0.000038579263,0.000035732388,0.000022453145,0.000006166705,0.9948357,0.0024860457,0.00041264575,0.0011455317,0.00012145237],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023540067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033465843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7279469,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000710805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022857815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39681795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409157890","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01652-x","title":"Intertwining with Fourier optics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Photonics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Fourier transform; Biophotonics; Computer science; Physics; Photonics","score_opus":0.0017776276869633223,"score_gpt":0.23384994528422215,"score_spread":0.23207231759725883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409157890","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.42676455,0.00062159734,0.010461848,0.00090334204,0.001180517,0.00038897197,0.000038777274,0.00011696816,0.5595234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97558206,0.0000024467568,0.01823795,0.00046526938,0.00008162739,0.000016261505,0.000023032291,0.000019579686,0.005571789],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992753,0.000010602139,0.0001276714,0.00020388933,0.00015334926,0.00022917512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947214,0.000042217183,0.000049215614,0.00030289832,0.000087793764,0.00004572401],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007001205,0.00015165677,0.00014658457,0.00006215393,0.00008080397,0.00006620005,0.00020194826,0.00010547575,0.00013768785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005617024,0.000120476405,0.00006367257,0.00024944707,0.000045726207,0.00007454242,0.00010177886,0.00068190444,0.000017510414],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009945903,0.00032048434,0.022281358,0.00006344781,0.0006142845,0.000022053162,0.0005926822,0.00037266847,0.00088772917,0.9566635,0.0068974723,0.011184844],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055017355,0.00055811735,0.001979031,0.0009248009,0.0007016425,0.000015237168,0.004411153,0.05869079,0.12241877,0.10254994,0.70012856,0.0021202445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009222711,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000035299538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8541136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032911277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000090592104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4912885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409527708","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.153401","title":"Generation of Neutron Airy Beams","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Nuclear Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Basic Energy Sciences; Paul Scherrer Institut; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Neutron; Physics; Nuclear physics","score_opus":0.017908982810930223,"score_gpt":0.2919247250252764,"score_spread":0.27401574221434616,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409527708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97464687,0.0033483254,0.005110092,0.009578674,0.00028944612,0.0004585388,0.000016305668,0.000024878018,0.0065269005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952663,0.00010347858,0.00029192911,0.0038642748,0.0003062587,0.000029625418,0.000034780387,0.000007319226,0.00009604104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943805,0.0000337151,0.00017311345,0.00013452036,0.000104424646,0.00011616643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996553,0.000026585209,0.000069023925,0.00020056257,0.000024481455,0.000024049601],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056880916,0.00009518581,0.00022480142,0.000018832992,0.000025819547,0.000008563116,0.000105945466,0.0000033107929,0.000049948212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038521493,0.00008273481,0.00015601084,0.00015337171,0.00003869601,0.000062007035,0.000044504442,0.0000799553,0.000036317928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063295083,0.0008246235,0.0046688453,0.002230472,0.00030324172,0.0000014147288,0.0001494486,0.0006646096,0.6674412,0.18502598,0.078089304,0.060594555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042792773,0.0005915101,0.03217202,0.016283792,0.003506614,0.0000015611404,0.00018409094,0.052327055,0.44413748,0.0330492,0.4098582,0.003609206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013895469,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.263367e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33176887,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000142082035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013350984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33738276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409959040","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-59234-y","title":"Monolithic silicon carbide metasurfaces for engineering arbitrary 3D perfect vector vortex beams","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Government of Jiangsu Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Silicon carbide; Vortex; Materials science; Physics; Carbide; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Computer science; Composite material; Mechanics","score_opus":0.008997533601457173,"score_gpt":0.27239495399528857,"score_spread":0.2633974203938314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409959040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83868814,0.054570336,0.012790852,0.0118646175,0.0021603405,0.0029536972,0.00086584577,0.00059401337,0.07551217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9702391,0.000029551049,0.028473927,0.00012334413,0.00005791999,0.00018483665,0.00018761982,0.000021362088,0.00068236515],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992979,0.000038432878,0.00020232014,0.00017663592,0.00008343433,0.0002012656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99823326,0.0003953569,0.000060697002,0.0011666917,0.000100424695,0.000043570784],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015133622,0.00015670276,0.00018972733,0.000083044455,0.00021746091,0.00005791322,0.000723113,0.000119428325,0.000018007826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051334846,0.00015808249,0.00014736496,0.00025247512,0.000049705923,0.00010152585,0.00022605594,0.0007192254,0.000008910541],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013771313,0.00043694797,0.016006915,0.00010670774,0.00087208336,3.0513547e-7,0.00044939635,0.00093911216,0.01734246,0.9563331,0.0029577424,0.00454148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018893564,0.00014546396,0.0348023,0.00034449543,0.0010511442,0.0000017498725,0.0008786409,0.14835942,0.04258883,0.022725524,0.74577385,0.0014392247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005505241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014473328,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9336076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045145927,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007580938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6446417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410392416","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.190804","title":"Quantum-Enhanced Beam Tracking Surpassing the Heisenberg Uncertainty Limit","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quantum limit; Heisenberg limit; Physics; Limit (mathematics); Uncertainty principle; Quantum; Beam (structure); Quantum mechanics; Tracking (education); Theoretical physics; Quantum entanglement; Mathematics; Optics; Mathematical analysis; Quantum network","score_opus":0.014387838033617803,"score_gpt":0.2902296407084843,"score_spread":0.27584180267486647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410392416","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9310405,0.0053131315,0.010767386,0.04269167,0.0006083625,0.00095865125,0.000020223282,0.0001053001,0.00849475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98863125,0.00018499924,0.000048308808,0.010501321,0.00040513446,0.00007393552,0.000019474488,0.000019470894,0.000116095805],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871397,0.00009508325,0.00029294565,0.00030587564,0.00023167308,0.00036046095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903196,0.0002859719,0.00012661215,0.0004492797,0.000049920443,0.000056249777],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018502321,0.00023663283,0.000393521,0.000023657532,0.00021008651,0.00009554943,0.00034934664,0.0000077050745,0.00006239881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002904944,0.0001619076,0.0003565826,0.0003766963,0.00013171494,0.00013120468,0.000114667935,0.0003186948,0.000096024814],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057452933,0.0019963898,0.0033981923,0.0043308632,0.0017387699,0.000018300112,0.0015203226,0.0087970365,0.27716717,0.29859838,0.09525744,0.30711967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004722652,0.0003795483,0.015282593,0.038712624,0.0048884065,0.0000057806337,0.0016720976,0.050632894,0.13732722,0.1210043,0.61901224,0.0063596186],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004183244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.057331e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52375484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053496966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036057343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66024005},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410553230","doi":"10.23919/eucap63536.2025.10999609","title":"Mode-Tunable OAM Antenna System with Polarization Selectivity Characteristic","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Selectivity; Mode (computer interface); Antenna (radio); Optics; Optoelectronics; Physics; Computer science; Telecommunications; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0026853912191785794,"score_gpt":0.20364761794908268,"score_spread":0.2009622267299041,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410553230","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36838096,0.000007689836,0.5106885,0.00015442411,0.0001522606,0.00027207908,0.000023481887,0.00012944816,0.120191164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98258173,1.2428866e-7,0.00054787257,0.000037907208,0.000058637645,0.000019917381,0.000042935822,0.000010960869,0.016699888],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999404,0.000020019503,0.00011711277,0.00018314853,0.00009227415,0.0001834442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996328,0.000015713926,0.00004671892,0.00017708934,0.00008156328,0.000046132947],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004889649,0.00011389518,0.0001395809,0.00005276643,0.00010702336,0.000072525814,0.00007853063,0.000022833485,0.000076907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000028259676,0.00009118182,0.000030406096,0.00025633528,0.000019621897,0.00014222236,0.000039371385,0.00008311763,0.000038126338],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003850326,0.0002857502,0.21542075,0.00016036173,0.00020250668,0.0000032273056,0.00007887122,0.00008514244,0.01866903,0.76324916,0.00031270206,0.0014939851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048661865,0.0007441413,0.1571516,0.0012133498,0.0007000097,0.000016700167,0.0045476523,0.73368084,0.07305273,0.016560864,0.0048988736,0.0025670738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003105418,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000043562063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7466883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054357024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008155729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37182868},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410776796","doi":"10.4171/jems/1657","title":"Perverse schobers and 3d mirror symmetry","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the European Mathematical Society","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics; Symmetry (geometry); Mirror symmetry; Pure mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.006543859742782691,"score_gpt":0.23124957114234784,"score_spread":0.22470571139956516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410776796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8128261,0.0001688395,0.0071840705,0.0024484894,0.00039595045,0.0001386478,0.000006072325,0.000012380101,0.17681947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97484845,0.0000063579582,0.01951919,0.00030193312,0.00015689216,3.8633513e-7,2.1901121e-7,0.000016913167,0.0051496667],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992548,0.00010577039,0.00028281793,0.00006820412,0.00016713777,0.00012126782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994855,0.00008109147,0.00016351754,0.00015581542,0.000054436605,0.000059641738],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006298767,0.0000917478,0.00015441923,0.000012788696,0.0001143761,0.000064110514,0.00024979084,0.000015032612,0.00012210222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038649283,0.000054539974,0.0003230973,0.000109102664,0.000112060996,0.00007579307,0.00021514695,0.0002861349,0.000027559108],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051266175,0.0023882643,0.049737733,0.0011546684,0.0037469117,0.000033255274,0.009913169,0.000042477433,0.0100952415,0.74814934,0.13654734,0.038140357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0073315687,0.00035285222,0.07000648,0.0031447208,0.0022836453,0.00013400486,0.025572218,0.0058172075,0.0045291325,0.7945799,0.084885515,0.0013627105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":9.954751e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2889019e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1716698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023964076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022735707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22240756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410863004","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500224","title":"Orbital Angular Momentum Holography Using Neural Network and Camera in the Loop","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Laser & Photonics Review","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Angular momentum; Holography; Physics; Artificial neural network; Loop (graph theory); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Optics; Classical mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011215667078247343,"score_gpt":0.2713044747474227,"score_spread":0.26008880766917536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410863004","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8921718,0.10276272,0.00006876818,0.00077271904,0.00023800516,0.0008496481,0.000019989922,0.000017149905,0.0030991812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890217,0.005941104,0.00090555917,0.0035362823,0.00010642149,0.00012553511,0.000058073245,0.000030147823,0.0002751723],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987387,0.0001331737,0.00034807847,0.0002769289,0.00014723252,0.00035585582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993758,0.000052067822,0.00010094004,0.00039628262,0.000031299354,0.000043562723],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039125606,0.00021160312,0.0003596708,0.00005104668,0.00011588214,0.000075226955,0.00025867243,0.0000338128,0.00008890404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006078163,0.00015724526,0.00015612264,0.00073965813,0.000087603155,0.0000982996,0.0001483178,0.00028476198,0.0000062953923],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011289753,0.0036243803,0.55091643,0.013353891,0.0024016444,0.0007151563,0.002066106,0.009968335,0.0014448109,0.25040454,0.090015195,0.07497657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008237197,0.00088337495,0.029366193,0.028996257,0.0048853853,0.00018591201,0.0032594758,0.13956393,0.0020856946,0.09974006,0.6767969,0.0059995777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000107018575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007262871,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58678174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020246232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037522215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64122754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410955237","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132053","title":"Orbital angular momentum spectrum of a tightly focused elliptically polarized optical vortex","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Research Center \"Kurchatov Institute\"; National Research Council Canada; Russian Science Foundation","keywords":"Angular momentum; Optical vortex; Physics; Elliptical polarization; Optics; Vortex; Orbital angular momentum of light; Angular momentum of light; Angular spectrum method; Spectrum (functional analysis); Momentum (technical analysis); Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Angular momentum coupling; Linear polarization; Laser; Quantum mechanics; Diffraction; Mechanics","score_opus":0.010701446133608426,"score_gpt":0.26187050671254675,"score_spread":0.25116906057893834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410955237","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1961516,0.00070667546,0.11382798,0.009788598,0.0004174756,0.0010128024,0.00021430767,0.00015697694,0.6777236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9217118,0.000023345829,0.075034186,0.000039705563,0.00004865808,0.000045344,0.00012946126,0.00002811419,0.0029393565],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836814,0.0000859847,0.0006583903,0.00025739626,0.0002541627,0.0003759194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99696076,0.00028689843,0.00017004581,0.0022791242,0.00017885727,0.00012428818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023106598,0.0002372589,0.0003876935,0.0001734285,0.00023988528,0.00009099749,0.0012611125,0.00008750155,0.00021909118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042217504,0.0002450829,0.00022861443,0.0005492464,0.0004542556,0.00013652004,0.0008662944,0.00040905422,0.000076435645],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000142789295,0.0008375236,0.0020096186,0.000018501622,0.00025577875,0.0000011604826,0.00012360865,0.000015970549,0.009124489,0.9869295,0.0000939427,0.0005756525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007228029,0.00076120236,0.011418526,0.00053836213,0.0016792257,0.0000071411014,0.0022848574,0.10024049,0.057555486,0.78906995,0.02698479,0.0022319525],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006917778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001004616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72556025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059211416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019777873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999419},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410976874","doi":"10.1364/ao.563140","title":"Petal orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography for two-dimensional optical encryption","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Optics; Holography; Angular momentum; Orbital angular momentum multiplexing; Multiplexing; Physics; Encryption; Optical vortex; Total angular momentum quantum number; Orbital angular momentum of light; Computer science; Telecommunications; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.006948494684561428,"score_gpt":0.2511131329091081,"score_spread":0.24416463822454665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410976874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85970515,0.00006863163,0.094065785,0.00026933814,0.0007291204,0.0011138283,0.00013754514,0.00013972264,0.043770872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9454882,4.3302464e-7,0.05297684,0.00009651017,0.0003402915,0.00021839059,0.00034847972,0.00003573583,0.00049512944],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983463,0.000012793904,0.0004075155,0.00045875326,0.00024856615,0.0005260554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991647,0.00017111877,0.000103036924,0.00033832702,0.000107915104,0.0001149302],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019407163,0.00030073128,0.00030893856,0.00017115899,0.00024789764,0.000095193165,0.00022869601,0.00008805021,0.00008155538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001157689,0.0003077997,0.00024648607,0.00030428052,0.00017640197,0.00009734447,0.00019393221,0.00023582617,0.00004691268],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009535652,0.0005518607,0.0013761722,0.000043358603,0.00030174528,0.0000044128924,0.00008832519,0.0041363556,0.04099642,0.948012,0.0007645287,0.0036294847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.019718226,0.00078592985,0.0044641127,0.00022567995,0.001253512,0.000015411199,0.003404447,0.09672959,0.30225438,0.56045383,0.007066426,0.003628457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008393662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.4445567e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38755813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046355697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061552266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412420753","doi":"10.1111/jmi.70013","title":"Influence of polarisation states on the axial point spread function in subtractive second harmonic generation microscopy with a vortex beam","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Microscopy","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Subtractive color; Optics; Optical vortex; Second-harmonic generation; Microscopy; Point spread function; Physics; High harmonic generation; Harmonic; Vortex; Beam (structure); Resolution (logic); Quantum mechanics; Laser; Mechanics","score_opus":0.005750073813720909,"score_gpt":0.24231935094494442,"score_spread":0.2365692771312235,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412420753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99656427,0.00008331539,0.0024426177,0.00033185288,0.00016929842,0.0002004117,0.000036325757,0.000002429513,0.00016945945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99899775,0.000008148387,0.0006153628,0.00013308236,0.000097450305,0.000004805863,0.000012770801,0.000010206316,0.00012044133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905354,0.000063431486,0.0004467611,0.000122412,0.00016833584,0.00014550374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990005,0.00009347395,0.0005169535,0.00014032167,0.0002214242,0.000027345981],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003215584,0.00013495321,0.00020371926,0.00014998941,0.00007066376,0.00006054955,0.00012700036,0.0000306081,0.00007258404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012498852,0.000093583294,0.00007139847,0.00020661026,0.00007325202,0.00029192516,0.000021541382,0.00034283433,0.0000040044033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042282668,0.0002586936,0.034417234,0.000016515489,0.000121415,0.0000022059521,0.00050774944,0.0023953933,0.9604177,0.0009469619,0.00033662273,0.00015669384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087970187,0.00058061315,0.05104503,0.00017663551,0.000057222085,0.0000036209467,0.0006811086,0.00015396063,0.9442965,0.001811596,0.00022017467,0.00009386988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001068692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031742646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016627798,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009019524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019177354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3816216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412803446","doi":"10.1109/pn66844.2025.11097196","title":"Democracy in Volumes: Generation of Equal/Uniform Intensity High-Order Bessel Beams Using a Logarithmic Axicon and a Vortex Phase Plate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Bessel function; Logarithm; Vortex; Phase (matter); Physics; Optics; Intensity (physics); Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Laser; Laser beams; Mechanics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.019347109625794556,"score_gpt":0.28146256437629996,"score_spread":0.2621154547505054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412803446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8865477,0.00003284656,0.11222689,0.000107656175,0.00014063323,0.00019426044,0.000016507161,0.000011003344,0.00072253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900937,0.000003215567,0.009078579,0.000054249256,0.00005068719,0.000004811119,0.00004729332,0.00000895469,0.00065849104],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922574,0.000016736714,0.0003031159,0.00020018329,0.000081685845,0.00017253135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995929,0.0000221541,0.00008696306,0.00015096416,0.000112653426,0.00003437145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113262286,0.0001315958,0.00023107136,0.00012316265,0.00006617185,0.000037528516,0.000065593566,0.000045849374,0.000053674252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008137509,0.00012610518,0.000034510027,0.00022927583,0.000059146118,0.000192217,0.00010712179,0.00011669265,0.0000022030563],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022288818,0.0044202777,0.17849584,0.00038721788,0.00084207696,0.000028674338,0.0027136058,0.0057640015,0.3539384,0.32987636,0.00072770234,0.12258294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047202394,0.00019271707,0.0029572824,0.00015054869,0.000138541,0.0000026611872,0.0015293331,0.8759872,0.069873236,0.04379046,0.00019590775,0.0004618993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016878597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007231512,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87022316,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000396175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066997876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.514242},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412928713","doi":"10.1364/josaa.567609","title":"Generation of high-intensity 3D Gaussian-like spots via near-field diffraction from 2D orthogonally chirped structures","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Canadian Quantum Research Center","funders":"Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Spots; Diffraction; Intensity (physics); Optics; Gaussian; Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.008240521591084713,"score_gpt":0.2386116299965425,"score_spread":0.2303711084054578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412928713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92253244,0.000051087532,0.07343426,0.0028102305,0.0006683869,0.00008264513,0.000015162625,0.0000034532416,0.0004023074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94952786,0.0000116252595,0.04956071,0.00045173458,0.00032010576,6.7930506e-7,0.000005493485,0.00000763415,0.00011412963],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989106,0.000038381564,0.00047140804,0.00011232233,0.00033177916,0.0001355147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99879426,0.00011687714,0.0006034104,0.00020179074,0.00022873475,0.00005494083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009947955,0.00012575951,0.00037827392,0.000015951082,0.00010475112,0.000030390973,0.00022647917,0.00006518216,0.00016104318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028447068,0.00008593317,0.000501448,0.0001648616,0.00019474672,0.00010079989,0.000109721506,0.0003648537,0.0000012470334],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011700931,0.0024434137,0.050169203,0.00016324225,0.005979397,0.0000054008847,0.0029580274,0.013210014,0.68379134,0.009183092,0.04646297,0.18446383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035996414,0.001215743,0.6249144,0.0004231437,0.001823021,0.000016994647,0.0031220217,0.0783497,0.22693403,0.053600874,0.00524956,0.0007508414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033454588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.3767096e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57474524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038462542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000972591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3504253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412990193","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132286","title":"Looking at optics at a novel angle: it's magic!","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; MAGIC (telescope); Physics; Astronomy","score_opus":0.020947442349346507,"score_gpt":0.2874619596757375,"score_spread":0.266514517326391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412990193","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03492259,0.00039539242,0.014769778,0.00821628,0.0002825465,0.00037987664,0.00018191608,0.00008928067,0.94076234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8669258,0.00009952611,0.074728966,0.00042601136,0.00008228106,0.00006555126,0.0003919495,0.00003994917,0.05724],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988928,0.000038590322,0.00036161358,0.00022550709,0.00016403876,0.00031746327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99706745,0.00025029908,0.00013454615,0.002297763,0.00016237743,0.00008753966],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014319638,0.00020248345,0.00020126029,0.00009731306,0.00065892533,0.00010643885,0.0010904428,0.0000634836,0.0002678236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022353384,0.00022333294,0.00013257902,0.00035612777,0.00024535225,0.000109075816,0.002593338,0.00028141533,0.00028022402],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056544363,0.0004969808,0.0051411963,0.000017403208,0.00016228194,5.789455e-7,0.00035624884,0.00027185652,0.0035842857,0.9863308,0.002808096,0.00082460826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003587729,0.00013302389,0.0041255066,0.00047915804,0.00085035875,0.0000113147535,0.0036690694,0.18922985,0.011468734,0.050758976,0.7337747,0.001911568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003493903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004627987,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93557185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002118477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007601387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9107253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413913007","doi":"10.1016/bs.po.2025.07.001","title":"Space-time optics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Progress in optics","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Optics; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.008224131392747474,"score_gpt":0.24275390359125315,"score_spread":0.23452977219850568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413913007","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00019831485,0.0015794681,0.00018854544,0.0003417484,0.00062241324,0.00061729026,0.00022415072,0.0000891206,0.99613893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003824825,0.0001027869,0.018417204,0.000042269432,0.0008382483,0.00006190211,0.0003244,0.00015480831,0.97623354],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978748,0.000015400572,0.0006001303,0.00055181107,0.00041993675,0.00053794385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998578,0.00010103919,0.00029163275,0.0007449809,0.0001573173,0.00012704104],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001546148,0.0006213578,0.00068262214,0.00027814752,0.00007649065,0.0001545369,0.0005381556,0.00034475914,0.000982527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007960407,0.0006682743,0.00026442835,0.00009020057,0.0002925828,0.00008764627,0.00053066824,0.00087550154,0.0005378532],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011927224,0.00013715553,0.0015753274,0.000128098,0.00021941205,0.000045196255,0.00006606918,0.00003266986,0.0000014763849,0.9785033,0.0019225958,0.017356768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002136965,0.00038859085,0.00008796741,0.0029051232,0.0008269041,0.000007520355,0.000123113,0.0120378,0.0005088296,0.5904976,0.38687006,0.0036095134],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027644398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010632626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3880057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120871926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019219235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414091953","doi":"10.1103/j2jj-1jns","title":"Molecular Wave Plate for the Control of Ultrashort Pulses Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Angular momentum; Ultrashort pulse; Optical vortex; Vortex; Laser; Light beam; Modulation (music); Orbital angular momentum of light","score_opus":0.008587075189053368,"score_gpt":0.26635371800947416,"score_spread":0.2577666428204208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414091953","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8090271,0.016997902,0.15107477,0.016841045,0.00047158526,0.0034531867,0.00026412713,0.000048933118,0.0018213684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99655235,0.00008285863,0.00015515267,0.0027330124,0.00014715332,0.00024604955,0.00002825347,0.000020332422,0.000034825323],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988858,0.00004553251,0.00032791766,0.00024080493,0.00020565341,0.0002943033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990765,0.00031282238,0.00013413808,0.0003657807,0.00006544829,0.00004534233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015715967,0.00020967971,0.00047318306,0.000026945288,0.00008437303,0.000026553837,0.00023813032,0.000008094589,0.000023847879],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028357073,0.00014799913,0.00047762998,0.00019575436,0.0001127508,0.00007155145,0.000053755342,0.00014221776,0.000006066472],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010013194,0.0011145313,0.0042077377,0.0054415925,0.004352515,0.000025152971,0.00041494815,0.0036023143,0.6857933,0.23993577,0.012843307,0.042168736],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013162646,0.0010516105,0.004982587,0.017568737,0.017214539,0.000012734853,0.0012353801,0.1526237,0.58710486,0.066455126,0.13328114,0.005306943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021450898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.0829231e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18752529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002535385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025833782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60352296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414153180","doi":"10.1103/hqc3-tbxc","title":"Separating angular and radial modes with spherical-Fourier Bessel power spectrum on all scales and implications for systematics mitigation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D/Physical review. D.","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Goddard Space Flight Center; Jet Propulsion Laboratory; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Cluster analysis; Radial basis function; Radial velocity; Wedge (geometry); Angular spectrum method; Basis (linear algebra); Amplitude","score_opus":0.010138993800608951,"score_gpt":0.38296129019948844,"score_spread":0.3728222963988795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414153180","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93170476,0.0345632,0.008568178,0.010785495,0.00008386368,0.0057084495,0.00024343072,0.00010520573,0.0082374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900593,0.003954024,0.0030258286,0.0014861423,0.00037446577,0.000837011,0.00010911962,0.000055549594,0.00009852083],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99795073,0.0001411634,0.0005538558,0.0006417148,0.00028609156,0.0004264297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981786,0.0005715523,0.00031064497,0.00057676074,0.00014034554,0.00022208197],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024413732,0.00046795924,0.001196626,0.0000334203,0.00020751958,0.0001019099,0.00021480268,0.00003172646,0.0000044644826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011918376,0.00034911113,0.0003143807,0.00038442586,0.00019160064,0.00019725299,0.00011544251,0.0002671769,0.000017401233],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031902637,0.0011609283,0.005849183,0.015623793,0.0004803921,0.0000011943495,0.0001198326,0.00003819534,0.0061404584,0.95232344,0.003765052,0.014465654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002769222,0.0019648618,0.010781401,0.062406607,0.0054636733,0.0000114490485,0.00020494797,0.026467072,0.011510862,0.84001446,0.03545449,0.0029509356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007330861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013033236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.112308934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052620904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055652312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414160892","doi":"10.1103/h6yy-vvmf","title":"Optimal Diffractive Focusing of Matter and Light Waves","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Universität Ulm; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; National Research Council Canada; Texas A and M University","keywords":"Paraxial approximation; Phase (matter); Diffraction; Fresnel diffraction; Wave propagation; Geometrical optics; Fresnel equations; Fresnel integral; Terahertz radiation","score_opus":0.005147298174651263,"score_gpt":0.26462649014868805,"score_spread":0.2594791919740368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414160892","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97844553,0.001954634,0.0014463173,0.01187031,0.000060353326,0.00022262403,0.0000085854,0.000007763333,0.005983902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99617994,0.000074462565,0.00049796765,0.0029952757,0.00011433479,0.000015778734,0.000004233752,0.000009045053,0.00010894381],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944264,0.00002871603,0.0001519913,0.00015771171,0.00008480557,0.00013412908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996602,0.00006320166,0.00007452277,0.00015250164,0.000019289677,0.000030286883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038038328,0.000116488125,0.0002837972,0.000022515645,0.00003125061,0.000015272582,0.00007834352,0.0000038804374,0.000058633465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000037335537,0.000094788214,0.00011258171,0.00010337778,0.00006397521,0.0000918231,0.000092012146,0.000099011355,0.000028264043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065518674,0.0022323278,0.07243559,0.010928136,0.0018315753,0.000013644423,0.0017527315,0.00016299485,0.6611544,0.09867602,0.07533716,0.07540994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0055150385,0.0005253381,0.15745942,0.04367777,0.0054001547,0.00000817515,0.0010145779,0.0055399667,0.49233395,0.047473136,0.23602016,0.0050323023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010023926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2814387e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16882041,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009935409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008571721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3865351},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414303591","doi":"10.3788/col202523.100003","title":"Propagation of Airy beams on an incoherent background through atmospheric turbulence","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chinese Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Atmospheric turbulence; Atmospheric optics; Turbulence; Laser beams; Wave propagation; Light beam","score_opus":0.007361322388571893,"score_gpt":0.260793398686706,"score_spread":0.2534320762981341,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414303591","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96679443,0.000022970877,0.023302298,0.0008163236,0.0004261552,0.00026911448,0.000012941105,0.000029721896,0.00832603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900396,0.0000020655818,0.008748709,0.0005766296,0.00019096425,0.00002522665,0.000060084338,0.000021173657,0.0003355424],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900264,0.0000347669,0.0002836732,0.000267822,0.00020569451,0.00020541798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930924,0.000046791964,0.00012895276,0.00041392588,0.00005902479,0.00004205059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007646864,0.00021460012,0.00021571638,0.000017350792,0.00008027782,0.0000504672,0.0002473881,0.000036353704,0.00006608894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000642307,0.0001778998,0.00009158368,0.00031773158,0.00010856215,0.00023185082,0.00008418834,0.00017236808,0.000022302518],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003418243,0.0051818117,0.24195011,0.00086886954,0.0010968231,0.000026580452,0.0054678116,0.102253236,0.110634886,0.50194263,0.0043183113,0.025917089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.016767746,0.0047234846,0.2649593,0.0032840509,0.001242969,0.000011292763,0.008480561,0.2554291,0.19762129,0.23101291,0.008523172,0.007944129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057181045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000011465097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27092975,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052164083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034874465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72545433},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415055151","doi":"10.1007/978-3-0348-0692-3_101-1","title":"Superoscillations and Physical Applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Operator Theory","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Cover (algebra); Quantum; Variety (cybernetics); Class (philosophy); Physical system; Point (geometry); Implementation; Field (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004988989203309763,"score_gpt":0.22318054390106096,"score_spread":0.2181915546977512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415055151","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005005066,0.00020869276,0.0019022513,0.00006319272,0.000075930126,0.00035479091,0.00043787778,0.00003370063,0.99642307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.06676262,0.0000120430705,0.00024788533,0.000076645934,0.00063609914,0.00009047836,0.00015856541,0.00003982784,0.93197584],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939287,0.0000117071995,0.00012690091,0.00026417733,0.00008896059,0.000115385104],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994602,0.000078090416,0.000036222,0.0003091485,0.000052777857,0.00006351475],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000043898173,0.00020672822,0.00020638721,0.00004799832,0.0001615096,0.00006416549,0.00011438766,0.00006373001,0.00093459367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001502934,0.00019652762,0.00009058885,0.000022229066,0.00013361608,0.000046774483,0.00012614379,0.000206762,0.00018057223],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015266446,0.000021765245,0.000035723995,0.000011888051,0.00007233001,2.634774e-7,0.00006733424,0.0000015687103,0.0000889352,0.9903204,0.0005802832,0.008798009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000118832024,0.000015031738,0.0000056055724,0.000040864583,0.00011196576,3.330062e-7,0.000067484405,0.00004130892,0.00020036042,0.58331525,0.41582078,0.00026220075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000018403473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.529714e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4152405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019370375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006424222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415353335","doi":"10.1109/tap.2025.3621536","title":"A Scalable Densely Packed Configuration for Continuous OAM Beam Steering With Uniform Circular Self-Filtering Antenna Array","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; Ciena (Canada); Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Beam steering; Bandwidth (computing); Insertion loss; Antenna (radio); Wireless; Microstrip antenna; Antenna array; Phase (matter); Directional antenna; Angular momentum","score_opus":0.008380144560422322,"score_gpt":0.21871232787190512,"score_spread":0.2103321833114828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415353335","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15288143,0.00015884227,0.84332675,0.00044119198,0.00066812785,0.0016192467,0.00019552706,0.00010398026,0.00060490577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99397933,0.00015630363,0.0030898987,0.000110541856,0.000108115964,0.0002728061,0.000085502834,0.000063276835,0.0021341993],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99781364,0.0000618632,0.0006244837,0.0006877925,0.00026353783,0.00054868823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99856424,0.00010412976,0.00026113057,0.0003625799,0.00056033354,0.00014760456],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025397056,0.0005005996,0.0005091162,0.0002456343,0.00083001354,0.00046458744,0.0001205132,0.00017037374,0.00004387624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004099161,0.0004848382,0.00019538892,0.0004870554,0.00013950135,0.0005182257,0.000002809277,0.00037274937,0.0000140597085],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018783835,0.0023840305,0.0004621154,0.002891199,0.0025871028,0.000023121594,0.0034487115,0.0037108574,0.9179867,0.0085120015,0.00004907008,0.05606671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0067749787,0.0021641173,0.00037007532,0.0022282375,0.0016165861,0.00004100093,0.0050387713,0.10473298,0.8700496,0.0018745349,0.0037296256,0.0013795182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047987625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000286814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84109795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015426514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028138945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415610296","doi":"10.1103/g22l-cgr1","title":"Tailoring spatial modes produced by stimulated parametric down-conversion","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Parametric statistics; Beam (structure); High fidelity; Mode (computer interface); Stimulated emission; Light beam; Optical pumping","score_opus":0.009889404046247555,"score_gpt":0.3300112388439447,"score_spread":0.3201218347976971,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415610296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.890439,0.081680074,0.0073195533,0.003112587,0.0004551568,0.0047637257,0.00017128167,0.00029563313,0.011763022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858976,0.01147951,0.00010719679,0.00096531876,0.0005351023,0.00033924117,0.00018261469,0.000059175494,0.00043423794],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99641156,0.00027198708,0.0007915014,0.0010366132,0.0007286602,0.00075966184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976291,0.00038970268,0.0003748629,0.0010464169,0.00025941207,0.0003005039],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032305674,0.000698595,0.0017288335,0.000096940785,0.00019419,0.00008011899,0.00067220494,0.000042637035,0.00017322472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003371968,0.0005719254,0.0009492888,0.0018378731,0.0001504175,0.00033420476,0.00041292878,0.0006876713,0.0008166487],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017202151,0.01397328,0.00909073,0.04992277,0.0019655288,0.000024544863,0.00016200417,0.00023128615,0.29877615,0.15007593,0.09400006,0.3816057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0041453354,0.0011897403,0.0012683652,0.06414064,0.0066704103,0.0000023674643,0.000061034283,0.07280668,0.51343155,0.110601276,0.22053733,0.0051452876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012247926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.516903e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37646043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013227828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011668274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415810546","doi":"10.1364/ol.577588","title":"Analyzing radial and azimuthal Brownian motion in Laguerre–Gaussian optical traps","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences; Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Optical vortex; Brownian motion; Optomechanics; Optical force; Context (archaeology); Microrheology; Angular displacement; Anisotropy; Polarization (electrochemistry)","score_opus":0.005020810870249888,"score_gpt":0.22454720982901408,"score_spread":0.2195263989587642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415810546","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96553755,0.00003339809,0.016240496,0.004350813,0.00027141266,0.00014861245,0.000011190284,0.000021411963,0.013385088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99535686,0.0000025451443,0.0039265314,0.00024608374,0.00018198603,0.000009603196,0.000022973916,0.0000143694615,0.00023906022],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990528,0.000030582793,0.00023564212,0.0002634626,0.000106057836,0.00031145895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964637,0.000046745125,0.0000398064,0.00017601247,0.000012509854,0.00007858793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012421575,0.00016137818,0.00018664381,0.00017873895,0.00007445886,0.00010851148,0.00011269958,0.000049250713,0.00003802725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007515806,0.00017086396,0.000066147324,0.00024867686,0.000106073596,0.00012757775,0.00006791247,0.00024661407,0.000011463525],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006681427,0.0005325718,0.45307434,0.00012413094,0.0003040329,0.00008657469,0.0011918212,0.001859119,0.04280369,0.4027891,0.0010082505,0.096159555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01811182,0.0005124915,0.7547727,0.0010890495,0.0009231264,0.000030656644,0.0052111666,0.12461534,0.030080348,0.043707836,0.016012201,0.00493322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055598088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008912134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35908127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047133617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002023537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69676304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415975488","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ae1c48","title":"Probing protein surface interactions in nanoaperture optical tweezers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Biomolecule; Optical force; Surface (topology); Nanophotonics; Electromagnetic field; Surface charge; Trapping; Molecule; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.006337138871461964,"score_gpt":0.2526255077657241,"score_spread":0.24628836889426214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415975488","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736848,0.00004986386,0.004150497,0.0053925174,0.00022453823,0.00037950068,0.00000401735,0.000116298696,0.015997967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99057525,6.0173323e-7,0.0039435374,0.00005807305,0.000022660832,0.00006207974,0.0000067699993,0.000011174365,0.005319843],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919003,0.000018059502,0.00020364873,0.0002460331,0.00006178043,0.0002804352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962395,0.00003848224,0.00003942569,0.00024796056,0.000029251221,0.000020938714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006455102,0.00012787209,0.00017048715,0.00015865415,0.000059714985,0.000021791802,0.00020712863,0.00010553118,0.0001250187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002488124,0.000125613,0.00005255905,0.0004699071,0.00010147859,0.000077002296,0.00015443208,0.0004888061,0.00006263583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018620529,0.000325499,0.008832481,0.00002682515,0.00006294379,0.000010254834,0.00012913073,0.00022128504,0.27846602,0.69040984,0.00035322018,0.021143908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015005475,0.00010769501,0.00030777862,0.00034520339,0.000037891834,0.000005157848,0.0017706086,0.0023544682,0.7914426,0.09043508,0.11113628,0.0005567061],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006935052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026016098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.59997475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007952075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064155436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5122349},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416417400","doi":"10.1364/ol.579046","title":"Entangled two-photon states in the helical Mathieu-Gauss modes basis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; Superposition principle; Basis (linear algebra); Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state; Angular momentum; State (computer science); W state; Quantum optics; Coherent states","score_opus":0.005770942184622161,"score_gpt":0.24417539629417723,"score_spread":0.23840445410955508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416417400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97286105,0.000030822386,0.004124564,0.008789323,0.00014960815,0.0002452412,0.000030339961,0.000021556234,0.013747504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99375224,0.0000047497406,0.0023989633,0.0033060578,0.00010355033,0.000055685592,0.00004404805,0.000014950633,0.0003197807],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990096,0.00006119402,0.00022262143,0.00021012862,0.00018838473,0.00030807967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994462,0.00013827917,0.000043755117,0.00031994333,0.000020012307,0.000031812775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018458447,0.00016306003,0.00015853003,0.00008227368,0.00008324605,0.00012795652,0.00031180232,0.00002544707,0.00007606759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000054145485,0.00012663401,0.00009292603,0.0002494661,0.00008559353,0.000078449004,0.000093214214,0.0002478935,0.000043262782],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011666915,0.0016687308,0.09475243,0.00016498657,0.0005610878,0.00012757813,0.0050794506,0.013481593,0.07257917,0.7766505,0.024614973,0.010202872],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.017689286,0.00056458305,0.022371354,0.0011226379,0.0011416499,0.000022709799,0.042729888,0.34566402,0.26648355,0.22087449,0.07599201,0.0053438297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012428693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000067072033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.555776,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042968968,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019335414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5163985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416440243","doi":"10.48550/arxiv.2511.01841","title":"Topological Expansion of Boehm's Brushes via Structured Light","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"preprint","venue":"ArXiv.org","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Innovation and Technology Commission; Government of Canada","keywords":"Scattering; Dichroic glass; Polarization (electrochemistry); Isotropy; Light scattering; Topology (electrical circuits); Retinal; Polarizer","score_opus":0.018506008444783586,"score_gpt":0.25963717428207295,"score_spread":0.24113116583728936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416440243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9828624,0.00080351357,0.0029191796,0.0008088349,0.0031621268,0.0008759378,0.00026496907,0.00006099784,0.008242039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99174035,0.00012274428,0.0014144965,0.00010771891,0.00096975424,0.00006210782,0.00024240577,0.00004880099,0.005291646],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.995672,0.00022928441,0.0014265982,0.0013260394,0.0005390852,0.000807003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99674916,0.00016425631,0.0008615348,0.0016293679,0.00033843349,0.00025723892],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024239498,0.0009754265,0.0014252864,0.00018950964,0.00026856785,0.00008239032,0.0011518893,0.0007441612,0.0023318585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044057568,0.00088799925,0.00093725405,0.00035578205,0.00040729452,0.0001548651,0.0026317497,0.0014513072,0.00021226525],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002867948,0.0013456069,0.8800344,0.0011442313,0.0015639683,0.000039814844,0.00217785,0.00075744995,0.068859726,0.02299415,0.00087909016,0.019916927],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002489987,0.0009429214,0.3663066,0.0016991894,0.0013243891,0.0000071094505,0.002086983,0.0009384189,0.5378145,0.06222392,0.021226434,0.0029395195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002670093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000072356265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5137278,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014106055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039919233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99935704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416660142","doi":"10.1364/josab.577876","title":"Two for the price of one: generation of reconfigurable pairs of orthogonal polarization vortices using a Sagnac interferometer","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Polarization (electrochemistry); Vortex; Interferometry; Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging; Optical vortex; Saddle; Polarization controller","score_opus":0.025388043011087078,"score_gpt":0.2790172097112358,"score_spread":0.2536291667001487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416660142","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8057235,0.00015083012,0.19236638,0.00091353373,0.00017033999,0.00017650091,0.00002122455,9.858675e-7,0.0004766866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481696,0.0000152345465,0.05159446,0.000047640417,0.00008114046,0.0000013299613,0.0000015284924,0.0000061656096,0.00008291066],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989461,0.00004264215,0.0006201657,0.00006458666,0.00022583093,0.00010072356],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99818987,0.000271649,0.0010203748,0.00013754582,0.0003589883,0.000021552367],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034010506,0.00007631589,0.00029189978,0.00002349931,0.00005433878,0.000010749822,0.00022328319,0.000027972274,0.000042894873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004573727,0.000047802565,0.00047143342,0.0002432343,0.0002383665,0.00009968942,0.00005267366,0.00012780995,6.624204e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015377806,0.0008056388,0.011645338,0.00029042378,0.0017247349,3.358419e-8,0.0010954111,0.010228693,0.95116675,0.009185386,0.000490756,0.013213037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018916851,0.0012235962,0.008705153,0.00074413116,0.0015528019,0.0000022115844,0.0052213026,0.15661214,0.81766933,0.0056032697,0.0005518784,0.00022247247],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050237606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.2332084e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14638345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026043876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001136519,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1949332},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416704598","doi":"10.1364/josab.574157","title":"Generation of uniform intensity diffraction-free tubular light beams using a logarithmic axicon and a vortex phase plate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Axicon; Vortex; Optical vortex; Logarithm; Intensity (physics); Laser; Light intensity","score_opus":0.015025119644479671,"score_gpt":0.2676646442480721,"score_spread":0.25263952460359246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416704598","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9516916,0.00008607504,0.045831878,0.0019218443,0.00017547257,0.000086175314,0.000010004951,0.0000019611161,0.00019494219],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9692183,0.000022453256,0.030420119,0.00011198366,0.0001326713,4.4975832e-7,0.0000014929993,0.0000064313244,0.00008610372],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991845,0.00001996748,0.0003996248,0.00008151622,0.00020009471,0.00011433286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990715,0.000046591314,0.00045066263,0.00017172583,0.0002109187,0.00004860527],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015529979,0.000097363394,0.00029922093,0.000024025569,0.0000879325,0.000021119391,0.00017052144,0.000041502168,0.000023145642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028314464,0.00006838362,0.0003026985,0.00016546903,0.00022269181,0.0001131295,0.00015297947,0.00024660485,3.2327324e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025588574,0.0023885795,0.009398686,0.0001762275,0.0023599537,0.0000032704513,0.0016704191,0.0031279922,0.9457716,0.0059147533,0.004223929,0.024708733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009675047,0.0023012976,0.0064221295,0.0008545256,0.002182532,0.00007649707,0.008013085,0.5192137,0.41649774,0.027854355,0.0061939103,0.0007151961],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000524462,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.2701467e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5292738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053330026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073772484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2788603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417131366","doi":"10.1109/ap-s/cnc-usnc-ursi55537.2025.11266400","title":"Frequency, Polarization, Radiation, and Mode Diversity of OAM Beams Using Transmissive Huygens Metasurface","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais; Cégep de l'Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Antenna (radio); Mode (computer interface); Radiation pattern; Microstrip; Phase (matter); Point (geometry); Radiation properties; Microstrip antenna","score_opus":0.009619923935043812,"score_gpt":0.2474138498876612,"score_spread":0.2377939259526174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417131366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7154665,0.0016206338,0.27752444,0.00041977834,0.00027185085,0.0004366334,0.00033573536,0.000014968249,0.003909485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98746145,0.0000666151,0.010594258,0.00005429458,0.000040373303,0.0000013667685,0.000057511086,0.000014862814,0.0017092454],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998497,0.00008648298,0.0004925852,0.0003902737,0.00023956371,0.00029407823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989952,0.00006326558,0.00023321166,0.0002907611,0.0002967751,0.00012080326],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014455787,0.0002780265,0.0004171888,0.00013495196,0.0005931954,0.00006703644,0.00020692422,0.00011027727,0.00028797684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012665641,0.00030359486,0.00015955967,0.00048827857,0.00020817052,0.00035361803,0.00028688676,0.00016549052,0.0000039644087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039169492,0.000866286,0.5970532,0.00045837174,0.0026737435,0.0000025054082,0.0069532357,0.015645577,0.072250985,0.29670998,0.0001995221,0.0071474416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008111307,0.00046039707,0.08680863,0.00073452847,0.007934088,0.000003611099,0.01079254,0.31551895,0.35410511,0.21060666,0.0019785182,0.0029456676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023969826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008246321,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51024455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008488308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026592982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417131586","doi":"10.1109/ap-s/cnc-usnc-ursi55537.2025.11266104","title":"Multimode OAM-Generating Transmission Array Antenna Design at 28 GHz","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Transmission (telecommunications); Antenna (radio); Multi-mode optical fiber; Mode (computer interface); Position (finance); Wireless; Frequency band","score_opus":0.01491194283378132,"score_gpt":0.24992798152567355,"score_spread":0.23501603869189225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417131586","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.038303386,0.0011038315,0.9270595,0.0011765027,0.0008180137,0.0008183189,0.000023938646,0.00007749938,0.030619036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.846098,0.00006732512,0.08777235,0.00028115313,0.00035253388,0.00004481782,0.000043818414,0.000058057514,0.06528194],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99691933,0.00021993187,0.0008275761,0.00083609985,0.00034017584,0.000856871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986155,0.00019494463,0.00017690426,0.0006019799,0.0001419105,0.0002687734],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035145655,0.0006210009,0.0005566515,0.00014428514,0.0008053058,0.00025984127,0.0004059288,0.0001895698,0.0024378833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011130621,0.00057141006,0.00041796544,0.0004272142,0.00013624979,0.00024277778,0.00018789397,0.00041108945,0.00032489057],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001590629,0.000984865,0.002751457,0.00019157579,0.0005081208,0.000010066843,0.0013328554,0.00875785,0.88557863,0.009644903,0.0026213136,0.08745928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019641498,0.0002315055,0.0001717219,0.0004894307,0.00027734635,0.000001462973,0.0009952231,0.5401841,0.43494767,0.0030257439,0.016776685,0.0009350043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016199173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042642982,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8392871,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002177258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025909828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417132152","doi":"10.1109/ap-s/cnc-usnc-ursi55537.2025.11266265","title":"Reconfigurable Dual-Band Oam Antenna for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Microwave; Antenna (radio); Port (circuit theory); Reconfigurable antenna; Wireless; Mode (computer interface); Phase (matter); Microwave transmission","score_opus":0.013385124143826836,"score_gpt":0.2438792553158475,"score_spread":0.23049413117202067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417132152","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.038685784,0.0050426805,0.709145,0.0062577627,0.00093524513,0.0056107836,0.0010587497,0.000076475895,0.23318753],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87750983,0.00019957534,0.007934134,0.0004954794,0.00033340178,0.0006517218,0.00018325433,0.000045134402,0.112647444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980425,0.000029932846,0.00057461375,0.0006855318,0.000097401964,0.0005700141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99863845,0.00025134507,0.000161897,0.00051757914,0.00022161272,0.0002091136],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018456895,0.00038861643,0.0004490979,0.00014307143,0.00043937174,0.00032634177,0.00013232406,0.00013342989,0.00034452637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012921018,0.0003951938,0.0002374526,0.00029704094,0.0002091837,0.00015608221,0.0000834553,0.00019867996,0.0000702288],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015271704,0.0015229668,0.0021691036,0.0010771431,0.0020750775,0.0000033495548,0.0006021196,0.000004405884,0.43920273,0.39309388,0.02100001,0.1390965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038067834,0.0005030017,0.0003874061,0.00032970676,0.001006599,0.000009248212,0.0033264922,0.006115612,0.34138077,0.16406332,0.47771356,0.0013574859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048325946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008781084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8388241,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005398915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019536812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417213522","doi":"10.1103/h91l-w8w7","title":"Transverse distance estimation with higher-order Hermite-Gauss modes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. A/Physical review, A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Transverse plane; Mode (computer interface); Work (physics); Noise (video); Measure (data warehouse)","score_opus":0.007397109623684815,"score_gpt":0.3317293216075429,"score_spread":0.3243322119838581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417213522","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.29707426,0.16831532,0.30485344,0.020557737,0.0007129426,0.01125094,0.00054506905,0.0007900212,0.19590028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869578,0.0075366716,0.0015318663,0.0015210205,0.00037926048,0.00060928275,0.00015921789,0.00006822579,0.001236661],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972596,0.00017944726,0.00058987254,0.00076253095,0.00062321726,0.00058533397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981111,0.00024225269,0.00027649538,0.00090223417,0.00024148592,0.00022641961],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017608484,0.0006083063,0.001424255,0.000039838895,0.00016148276,0.000067958375,0.0004903646,0.000029185228,0.00015922176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005346603,0.00046287745,0.00061168306,0.0012140166,0.00024291937,0.0004039344,0.00011122793,0.0004920708,0.00039557327],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006579851,0.003429727,0.0008258496,0.018200485,0.00054873084,0.000013144386,0.000097421565,0.00027002246,0.0051799477,0.7808547,0.006344887,0.18416929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039716987,0.0010462743,0.0026649984,0.11345363,0.0076115676,0.000004467553,0.00009247191,0.07226457,0.023208106,0.41400614,0.35682797,0.0048481207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027359356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017739941,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68988353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009086673,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012303876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W586943224","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.115.160505","title":"Quantum Hilbert Hotel","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Theoretical physics; Quantum; Angular momentum; Physics; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023049635930775473,"score_gpt":0.2875373966384182,"score_spread":0.26448776070764274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W586943224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93478364,0.006036678,0.0030711114,0.029611908,0.0006692412,0.0007733084,0.000032244698,0.00013097524,0.024890868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897303,0.0000647174,0.00021322537,0.008968966,0.00080722047,0.00003955949,0.00003133809,0.00002679376,0.00011788762],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905384,0.000046452544,0.00017042922,0.00020889078,0.00026251056,0.0002578696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936235,0.00003931372,0.000072727635,0.0003044292,0.00003735111,0.00018380028],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010699254,0.00016667823,0.000296663,0.000014626081,0.000028925058,0.00002586751,0.00019736726,0.0000039691254,0.00009497899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013998397,0.00013669864,0.00019015186,0.0001478395,0.00005593561,0.00012356511,0.00007944264,0.00015008726,0.0011981921],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002365894,0.0017652924,0.012710569,0.0012415936,0.00043787961,0.00003709331,0.0009301767,0.00025649447,0.014668282,0.25130382,0.6894386,0.027186573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020828878,0.00033825025,0.001916018,0.002743376,0.0006966477,0.000008411179,0.00019252674,0.007053797,0.0032840285,0.07608743,0.9031732,0.002423394],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037178623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.6487604e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21373466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029462557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022162543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6892506352","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.10664516","title":"Optical vortex as a base of simultaneous ternary message-passing protocol.","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ternary operation; Base (topology); Vortex; Photonics","score_opus":0.016507279861872972,"score_gpt":0.2527814816251722,"score_spread":0.23627420176329925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6892506352","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19458082,0.000020107436,0.011459413,0.00082756334,0.00021766617,0.025003113,0.0008861416,0.00081948744,0.7661857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99581504,2.6461018e-7,0.0006681369,0.000041492367,0.00011596468,0.00001035521,0.00041932636,0.0007209631,0.0022084767],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984921,0.0002171574,0.0002613249,0.00028979994,0.00045939663,0.00028022868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991532,0.000035249126,0.00012702291,0.00035027295,0.0002092418,0.00012502035],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034379863,0.00012305264,0.00014037109,0.00011103883,0.0013555349,0.00022474259,0.00066546665,0.000018158024,0.044563413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085976106,0.00013467652,0.000071902636,0.0003324544,0.00012731328,0.00011982422,0.0017534033,0.00029967885,0.0010754685],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010302936,0.0056773457,0.00024716998,0.00048689393,0.0005845717,0.0005204523,0.0054766578,0.01156629,0.09966825,0.20633069,0.07497359,0.5934378],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010429907,0.0007946729,0.000060923183,0.000023524202,0.000025867937,0.00007600987,0.0015178814,0.0073302668,0.005111015,0.0021440587,0.9815972,0.00027561068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000021018914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.742274e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9066236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009477044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008369877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99994457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6910330074","doi":"10.4224/23000226","title":"In search of light","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"NPARC","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics","funders":"","keywords":"","score_opus":0.018145558708492698,"score_gpt":0.2628584729730846,"score_spread":0.24471291426459194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6910330074","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67867494,0.0000066218927,0.00010062562,0.00041368807,0.00005733422,0.000036836238,0.0000031822606,0.0000026464245,0.32070413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99706656,1.2451052e-7,0.0009416442,0.000010320163,0.000072374896,0.0000024930291,0.0000018449917,0.000004225139,0.0019004173],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999671,0.0000112673515,0.000075671196,0.00005326571,0.00009919347,0.0000896427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998223,0.0000068056816,0.000012933028,0.00009117024,0.000028073047,0.000038726597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008399469,0.00003263316,0.000061498446,0.000027476199,0.000004290408,0.0000043501113,0.00006528055,0.00000921626,0.00046637777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019942202,0.000029917985,0.000018038401,0.000078188226,0.00001478805,0.0000442178,0.000040047722,0.00004970137,0.00007951225],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031366373,0.00066613144,0.19343054,0.000028591301,0.00004264682,0.000011204399,0.004240275,0.000095704934,0.10330761,0.66528594,0.024043888,0.008816068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019383775,0.00023503728,0.0035325363,0.000041228242,0.00001201169,0.0000010279326,0.0028074172,0.0011219863,0.5443221,0.40561697,0.040052388,0.00031897897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003314825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.33716e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44101444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009956917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028820448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51065093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6923211209","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0038750.t002","title":"Number and rate of serious injury claims in British Columbia, Canada, 2002 to 2008, by demographic and work characteristics, and stratified by gender.","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Work (physics); Stratified sampling; Falling (accident); Occupational safety and health","score_opus":0.008715997459985117,"score_gpt":0.21208695689814863,"score_spread":0.20337095943816352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6923211209","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06392455,0.0006407248,5.297021e-8,0.000013771024,0.00005372267,0.0003657037,0.93495816,0.00000432041,0.000038990107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0133880675,0.000032399876,0.000011323613,0.00009414263,0.00007367803,0.000081906604,0.9855918,0.000026954554,0.0006996882],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987591,0.000045769222,0.0003345263,0.00039556072,0.00016566744,0.0002994113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991786,0.000041415475,0.00019160194,0.00022754045,0.00009354747,0.00026728603],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005480045,0.00021813698,0.0004407625,0.00002798334,0.00005901279,0.00029968307,0.00014837866,0.00015116793,0.015691197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027790518,0.00035931147,0.000022361415,0.00016096776,0.000028267015,0.000072383926,0.00020264369,0.0003090215,0.000018533217],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000529358,0.000039538143,0.0064630634,0.00020518634,0.000045433444,0.00001512515,0.000010741082,4.3314405e-8,0.00000437013,1.02806034e-7,0.9913481,0.0018630186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033491588,0.00004759907,0.022582917,0.0008215528,0.00003293268,0.000004307261,0.000048513244,0.0000019267982,0.000007201701,0.000040219362,0.97559136,0.00048657178],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.38539773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4827914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.097393654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030862167,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020092237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6928763269","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.709.20181.figure3","title":"Figure 3 from: Delaforge A, Suárez-Morales E, Walkusz W, Campbell K, Mundy CJ (2017) A new species of Monstrillopsis (Crustacea, Copepoda, Monstrilloida) from the lower Northwest Passage of the Canadian Arctic. ZooKeys 709: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.709.20181","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dorsum; Holotype; Forehead; Taxonomy (biology); Confusion; Margin (machine learning)","score_opus":0.024363077253337584,"score_gpt":0.21883588726015232,"score_spread":0.19447281000681474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6928763269","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009735734,0.0006828,0.00014471014,0.00080286997,0.0005147392,0.0012821872,0.0038129312,0.0001422074,0.98288184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.31043655,0.00014080924,0.00015238336,0.000049767445,0.0008653595,3.7550205e-7,0.0042577307,0.001909519,0.6821875],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99657375,0.00037758434,0.00061865954,0.00074858876,0.0009172377,0.0007641781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99548465,0.00010633079,0.001065448,0.002252812,0.00063616707,0.00045457468],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003402491,0.00060566707,0.00068775075,0.0002568196,0.0019176822,0.0006716654,0.003249258,0.00030765153,0.2927549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033149627,0.00047167653,0.0003846906,0.00043023587,0.0010726692,0.00021048289,0.0016638931,0.0009795479,0.019554429],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004523149,0.00021581272,0.0032244532,0.000058325622,0.000662996,0.0000148585395,0.000613128,0.000015579457,0.00023218217,0.002109234,0.9880853,0.0047228797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006874108,0.00012604866,0.004044552,0.00040750613,0.0002245492,6.8487856e-7,0.00056707277,0.000029598903,0.0005652886,0.0003061205,0.9925649,0.00047625092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.35101575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0072343973,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34378135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040652233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018586243,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6928766832","doi":"10.3897/zookeys.701.13261.figure194","title":"Figure 194 from: Fisher JR, Fisher DM, Skvarla MJ, Nelson WA, Dowling APG (2017) Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species. ZooKeys 701: 1-496. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Scale (ratio); Dorsum; Fisher kernel; Key (lock)","score_opus":0.019570168928705296,"score_gpt":0.22148520553529139,"score_spread":0.20191503660658608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6928766832","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46224055,0.0033850104,0.0022270018,0.00088505336,0.0011741881,0.003212274,0.0021761172,0.00023536388,0.5244644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3609916,0.0008568612,0.0009580561,0.00017047915,0.00080475514,0.0000010955453,0.00642268,0.002979221,0.62681526],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975506,0.00028076224,0.00046804873,0.00062792894,0.00062538945,0.0004472449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99770266,0.000040960018,0.00053212064,0.000945167,0.00050885614,0.00027026585],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022840651,0.00042346746,0.00049493776,0.0002539157,0.0006892234,0.00048367376,0.0010052278,0.00013823253,0.04503711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018927742,0.00038889976,0.00011752033,0.00026811904,0.00030947107,0.00010134513,0.0014475008,0.00043538798,0.0006348419],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048231166,0.00022741419,0.0018822855,0.00031813,0.0003642068,0.000007114579,0.00074386894,0.000071686256,0.003751587,0.00047411714,0.98638463,0.005726707],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053636904,0.00013237403,0.004518443,0.0006632403,0.00016563067,5.498043e-7,0.00034993305,0.00029585636,0.001975658,0.00004170932,0.99092734,0.0003928963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03723115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002135015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10235082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001685256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036409154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6929840934","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.1056069","title":"A Retrospective Analysis Of A Professional Learning Community: How Teachers- Capacities Shaped It","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Transformative learning; Professional learning community; Professional development; Process (computing); Reflection (computer programming); Faculty development; Power (physics); Professional studies","score_opus":0.03931471588513112,"score_gpt":0.25106807587094565,"score_spread":0.21175335998581452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6929840934","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9208271,0.000012009209,0.0024197546,0.00037543537,0.000039079147,0.00019502376,0.00022349467,0.00017624442,0.07573189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924566,0.000004761122,0.00014974795,0.000020889116,0.000059742826,6.093598e-8,0.0012640295,0.00033211394,0.0057120607],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998523,0.0005314566,0.0001802419,0.00018539048,0.00034663267,0.00023326265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989809,0.000029605093,0.00015917083,0.0002961801,0.00045051344,0.00008364533],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044071994,0.00012066852,0.00022747956,0.00028649386,0.0023352215,0.00013445325,0.000491035,0.000034929966,0.008657778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015977773,0.00012370395,0.00012277327,0.00085996365,0.0003531336,0.0001874993,0.00066039787,0.00057600765,0.0002677672],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036297305,0.0059047034,0.041992053,0.00030862173,0.013110591,0.00007049849,0.51890796,0.0020295712,0.06440621,0.11567253,0.19553307,0.041701242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026055328,0.0014724125,0.096400745,0.00015738729,0.0010261276,0.000058389425,0.13981348,0.0119975945,0.002717046,0.0020590313,0.74044895,0.0012433155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000069236004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.8193016e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54491585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093742055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005352083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6931282390","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.5156675","title":"Bromus diandrus Roth 1787","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Museum of Nature","funders":"","keywords":"Bromus; Infestation; Herbarium; Nomenclature; DNA barcoding","score_opus":0.014018157958220064,"score_gpt":0.21466988266918022,"score_spread":0.20065172471096016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6931282390","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07587783,0.000029625991,0.02697931,0.00043641543,0.00019787306,0.00035627154,0.0001751164,0.0005940822,0.8953535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947864,0.0000048200773,0.0002814134,0.000074489224,0.00037258316,3.1857947e-8,0.00072894193,0.0008165897,0.002934734],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989014,0.00014164286,0.00015930491,0.0002649981,0.00022680729,0.00030583932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924093,0.000015733547,0.00006562536,0.00036415012,0.00016140193,0.00015217549],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028595884,0.00011833652,0.000111613575,0.00008564232,0.0010372687,0.0004989032,0.00055986043,0.000026729746,0.02483849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060001872,0.00012279682,0.000056582387,0.00019564935,0.000091005764,0.00015503599,0.00059625803,0.00017484414,0.016006634],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038757717,0.00043311834,0.00025100578,0.00006976195,0.00012528211,0.0000056226772,0.0011747887,0.00012616364,0.004512872,0.20329838,0.24089701,0.54906726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037867203,0.00012489855,0.00074816524,0.00001208201,0.000010460925,0.000007217048,0.00010618334,0.0006811488,0.00072947727,0.0018612182,0.99517816,0.00016231115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016929253,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.9580358e-8,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91890854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040659652,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014254688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9847595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6939132703","doi":"10.60692/btwnk-mxq79","title":"Structuring light under different polarization states within micrometer domains: exact analysis from the Maxwell equations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Maxwell's equations; Polarization (electrochemistry); Optical tweezers; Azimuth; Intensity (physics); Light beam; Scale (ratio); Light intensity","score_opus":0.017410966847018566,"score_gpt":0.2081762789061006,"score_spread":0.19076531205908204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6939132703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8107027,0.0000013763006,0.18735838,0.00012102738,0.00025993903,0.00022190831,0.00047983657,0.000040134943,0.00081472023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867266,3.0594098e-8,0.00026645986,0.000045982077,0.00014328398,0.0000259596,0.00063878746,0.000011387279,0.0001954338],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988285,0.000054727298,0.000506416,0.00014833342,0.000268218,0.00019382074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984067,0.00001978881,0.0006573651,0.0007593759,0.00009582805,0.000060935512],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012352693,0.00019827312,0.00022181217,0.00013636854,0.00070413895,0.0011303186,0.0003615525,0.000048167007,0.0001100721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000056492654,0.00012729235,0.00015475981,0.0001224922,0.000036952788,0.00083284173,0.00013835139,0.00010696904,0.00013462569],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014149275,0.000005791146,0.9436955,0.00003175101,0.0013605553,3.9832523e-7,0.04578054,0.0031786647,0.00006525735,0.005680359,0.000020680749,0.0001663441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013700717,0.00002996303,0.9033378,0.000119059834,0.0012175986,9.3873643e-7,0.041570053,0.041860837,0.009150548,0.0006232519,0.000119416036,0.0006005005],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018449187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000028738975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074510914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013920754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6939300724","doi":"10.60692/wwn74-zbt70","title":"Roadmap for optical tweezers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Microrheology; Magnetic tweezers; Range (aeronautics); Tweezers; Optical imaging; Radiation pressure","score_opus":0.02627549236974248,"score_gpt":0.22242587140290368,"score_spread":0.1961503790331612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6939300724","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8782952,3.9852952e-7,0.08371884,0.0001249533,0.0007994531,0.00066104246,0.00033106506,0.00040376149,0.035665285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979517,3.7854506e-9,0.00053108926,0.00002712614,0.00020273379,0.00014556645,0.0001155443,0.000010451493,0.0010157967],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918574,0.0000072681764,0.00031538235,0.00008729705,0.00016021355,0.00024407454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995492,0.000008529336,0.0000985824,0.00018928165,0.00008226717,0.00007211131],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017042444,0.00011137822,0.00013121396,0.00012236537,0.000102689184,0.00012942748,0.000108662105,0.00003606709,0.000035723788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003914474,0.00009623298,0.000097747805,0.00018389015,0.000016924829,0.00033224674,0.000048170077,0.000044872508,0.0030908529],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001566942,0.000016149468,0.5316906,0.0015518914,0.00061193143,0.0000046787877,0.13563977,0.0031023754,0.00003135861,0.29917264,0.017087301,0.010934636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01744525,0.00080415426,0.1705281,0.0008404341,0.00053092546,0.00003145087,0.4574117,0.23978586,0.022836693,0.0011146929,0.084373534,0.00429719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002038863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.3266166e-9,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36116248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033510372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017965931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6949488930","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.15079531","title":"Synthetic Data from: Generative and Integrative Modeling for Transcriptomics with Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Material","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Software; Transcriptome; Probabilistic logic; Synthetic data; Generative model","score_opus":0.03338977906018976,"score_gpt":0.2584905509354629,"score_spread":0.22510077187527316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6949488930","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008402115,0.00003660025,0.056872778,0.00013082048,0.00014402803,0.00082479924,0.9400298,0.000090272304,0.0010306861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0049388874,0.000036950427,0.0026007956,0.000043737313,0.00029884127,5.734567e-7,0.991427,0.00042490673,0.00022829855],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982063,0.00018209044,0.0003285005,0.00072217465,0.0002256618,0.00033525575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984271,0.000041547817,0.0001527705,0.000891233,0.00037607155,0.00011131172],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027618755,0.00032960277,0.00035742263,0.00014075005,0.0010102836,0.0010890007,0.0013029375,0.000099519304,0.0034784318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007951885,0.0002921356,0.000049893595,0.00016438855,0.0001359733,0.00032006972,0.0012951078,0.00034003714,0.000099341705],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002773466,0.00013649954,8.141306e-8,0.000112075,0.00030920896,0.0000026051919,0.00043807906,0.00015361223,0.0003195797,0.0013051492,0.99396265,0.0029831063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009060245,0.00024637603,2.260862e-7,0.00017718255,0.0002285094,0.0000040271752,0.0008496557,0.036398556,0.00062602985,0.00072117866,0.9594529,0.00038929834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000120220895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000036757226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05427198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000065842476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018625824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6957995477","doi":"10.60692/68ydf-je365","title":"Roadmap for optical tweezers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Microrheology; Magnetic tweezers; Range (aeronautics); Tweezers; Optical imaging; Radiation pressure","score_opus":0.02627549236974248,"score_gpt":0.22242587140290368,"score_spread":0.1961503790331612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6957995477","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8782952,3.9852952e-7,0.08371884,0.0001249533,0.0007994531,0.00066104246,0.00033106506,0.00040376149,0.035665285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979517,3.7854506e-9,0.00053108926,0.00002712614,0.00020273379,0.00014556645,0.0001155443,0.000010451493,0.0010157967],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918574,0.0000072681764,0.00031538235,0.00008729705,0.00016021355,0.00024407454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995492,0.000008529336,0.0000985824,0.00018928165,0.00008226717,0.00007211131],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017042444,0.00011137822,0.00013121396,0.00012236537,0.000102689184,0.00012942748,0.000108662105,0.00003606709,0.000035723788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003914474,0.00009623298,0.000097747805,0.00018389015,0.000016924829,0.00033224674,0.000048170077,0.000044872508,0.0030908529],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001566942,0.000016149468,0.5316906,0.0015518914,0.00061193143,0.0000046787877,0.13563977,0.0031023754,0.00003135861,0.29917264,0.017087301,0.010934636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01744525,0.00080415426,0.1705281,0.0008404341,0.00053092546,0.00003145087,0.4574117,0.23978586,0.022836693,0.0011146929,0.084373534,0.00429719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002038863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.3266166e-9,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36116248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033510372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017965931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6958100624","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.13192158.v1","title":"Additional file 1 of Elevating the uses of storytelling approaches within Indigenous health research: a critical and participatory scoping review protocol involving Indigenous people and settlers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Trinity Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Storytelling; Protocol (science); Citizen journalism; Participatory action research; Narrative; Public health","score_opus":0.3339391529138108,"score_gpt":0.38864915065799627,"score_spread":0.054709997744185446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6958100624","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011842162,0.0011135783,0.0000029603068,0.00017402152,0.0000035241785,0.020533817,0.9768469,0.000014704341,0.00012630873],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13626264,0.000023979948,0.008352502,0.0012082427,0.0008029208,0.4083836,0.4447511,0.0001733955,0.000041601146],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987018,0.00019818019,0.00035243525,0.00019585234,0.0002904223,0.0002613109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99755776,0.0018530664,0.00022678054,0.00011658017,0.00012665875,0.000119125194],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024287819,0.00010534125,0.00025098977,0.00002953998,0.00027097604,0.000034021145,0.000120193894,0.000024859914,0.23627591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014268203,0.00008727067,0.000036272635,0.00019815168,0.00007168656,0.00010227336,0.00017583215,0.00026591658,0.000013421958],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027845503,0.00031166666,0.0013517933,0.11103167,0.0001376138,0.0000041612143,0.06882336,0.00006470405,0.000029056098,0.00043841117,0.81052333,0.0072563966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014267183,0.0030641241,0.005690586,0.87210685,0.00010450128,0.000019104078,0.052878194,0.009051244,0.002485131,0.0018456505,0.049521368,0.0018065145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016771977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010371773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7610752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017264714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004892982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76442224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6983512765","doi":"","title":"Momentum measurements of single-beam traps and quantitative holographic experiments: two sides of the same coin","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Generalitat de Catalunya; Universitat de Barcelona; Michael Smith Health Research BC","keywords":"Optical tweezers; Holography; Trapping; Momentum (technical analysis); Position (finance); Measure (data warehouse); Diffusion","score_opus":0.01789624255340082,"score_gpt":0.24879375681183064,"score_spread":0.2308975142584298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6983512765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92224896,0.0008345182,0.00024636663,0.00006723952,0.00020853193,0.00056285824,0.0007218435,0.000044445267,0.07506526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99438274,0.000024804578,0.00095525105,0.000026146246,0.00003757439,0.00001031135,0.0007327636,0.00010274214,0.0037276936],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99681896,0.00037938237,0.00045223843,0.0006121069,0.00085310853,0.00088421244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99757797,0.00046157086,0.0007624438,0.0005358361,0.00030014844,0.00036203038],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004120762,0.0006826953,0.00078082364,0.0006569257,0.00043032508,0.00011764969,0.0009752016,0.00025697038,0.0004660725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037792022,0.0007454977,0.0006260058,0.00077550655,0.0008247214,0.0010062605,0.0004198445,0.0006166554,0.000006628007],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022259236,0.0042950558,0.5105128,0.0010309106,0.0058565703,0.00019284298,0.060170524,0.00052623416,0.30707037,0.10153177,0.0016080418,0.0049789627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013327955,0.0023669617,0.37974384,0.0015362903,0.0041953134,0.0000924415,0.44871297,0.00026462134,0.10242871,0.038621776,0.0042932513,0.004415864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042970522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034958688,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38854244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062113145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038332547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994996},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6984294959","doi":"","title":"Living Future 2008","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Green building; Placemaking; Assisted living; Movement (music); Sustainable living","score_opus":0.0034415061656497136,"score_gpt":0.16854558375246587,"score_spread":0.16510407758681614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6984294959","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003316136,0.00044427477,0.0000010318807,0.00005794628,0.00052437396,0.00026462154,0.0002137318,0.000117339616,0.9983435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005864969,0.00015873274,0.001076958,0.00007887309,0.0012315923,0.00001192107,0.00018495238,0.00015437092,0.9965161],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870473,0.00003585358,0.0004494059,0.00017235262,0.0003419882,0.000295689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892604,0.000048079335,0.000478637,0.00035701392,0.00008487984,0.00010535974],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007075682,0.00034279824,0.00036729118,0.00006189522,0.00007038756,0.000037140926,0.00028776465,0.00022959587,0.6603642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008605554,0.000343144,0.00020843647,0.0000070350848,0.00010067894,1.5214734e-7,0.00011875289,0.000287594,0.01866974],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000059905374,0.000057781264,0.000020486797,0.00013172367,0.000091070935,0.000006781026,0.00013639977,0.00004106911,8.696886e-8,0.0001411528,0.9977214,0.0016460618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018265861,0.00005113524,0.00000971981,0.00018588091,0.00003648436,0.000018426974,0.00020441,0.0000074388195,0.0000032652558,0.000010687304,0.99894977,0.0003401318],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026095128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010115334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6416944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024937211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031330765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990207},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6999438132","doi":"","title":"Corduroy - TV Series (2000)","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Internet Archive (Internet Archive)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nucleofection; Gestational period; TSG101; Diafiltration; Liquation; Dysgeusia; Fusible alloy; Hyporeflexia; Pretext","score_opus":0.00663783682129425,"score_gpt":0.2157917414554079,"score_spread":0.20915390463411362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6999438132","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00070203166,0.00026673274,0.005306922,0.000085732536,0.001227443,0.00073385733,0.0033231906,0.0003989018,0.9879552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.015110695,0.000061113264,0.0026832104,0.00016030196,0.0021629487,0.00012834521,0.0026126388,0.0010447374,0.976036],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99633735,0.00022282088,0.0007334624,0.0011894725,0.0004874178,0.0010294885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798614,0.00013416252,0.00046409148,0.0010055952,0.000019414643,0.00039060772],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007511556,0.0011332291,0.0009701981,0.00054681284,0.00004368485,0.0002514434,0.0014320306,0.00016170941,0.14366761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073498823,0.0010994095,0.00066531,0.00012954637,0.0006575382,0.00013794933,0.0008378124,0.0010501167,0.009735475],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015215739,0.00027324617,0.0011279273,0.0000884887,0.00081336935,0.000098625904,0.001389293,0.0000055136475,0.00009586089,0.015926404,0.978798,0.0012311474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006235791,0.00034481313,0.00014156329,0.0007576617,0.00013474554,0.00003244543,0.00008464711,0.00027382892,0.0004669031,0.008978689,0.9870619,0.0010991815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01945437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034487224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13393214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042414347,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014732467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7001949982","doi":"","title":"Les politiques en matière d'unions homosexuelles au Canada et aux États-Unis : les institutions et leur influence sur la mobilisation des groupes de défense des droits des gais et lesbiennes","year":2007,"lang":"fr","type":"other","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Legislation; Politics; Identity (music); Government (linguistics); Hegemony","score_opus":0.03924160617308534,"score_gpt":0.3236970128647639,"score_spread":0.2844554066916785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7001949982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71629137,0.0007186135,0.0027299623,0.00032308503,0.00010061388,0.0006562617,0.001443159,0.000012745549,0.27772418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8723579,0.00036428936,0.023715544,0.00009318186,0.00020163358,0.00012027108,0.0006184647,0.00018783894,0.1023409],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99647874,0.00096793275,0.0006431258,0.0006627534,0.00034500775,0.00090245466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972881,0.0011578955,0.00034734188,0.00050689693,0.0003971559,0.00030260746],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009676089,0.00075451756,0.0006059262,0.00026360314,0.0013629899,0.0007972153,0.0008684661,0.0003216032,0.0026652957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003511578,0.00078809063,0.00020307984,0.00039363155,0.002494797,0.0009849416,0.0005614094,0.0006452073,0.000095126336],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004886276,0.0011256892,0.13667758,0.00058094354,0.00090294593,0.00016172956,0.06366233,0.0065758703,0.0012704805,0.5929317,0.00088101294,0.19518086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012241007,0.00030833084,0.20371147,0.004281987,0.00059475994,0.00013389516,0.029930571,0.00024728783,0.0041396706,0.026017603,0.72696674,0.0024436014],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9056215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.935203,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7260857,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001336456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0051135607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999371},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7010181147","doi":"","title":"{[#!GUARDA VEDERE$]} The Hummingbird Project 2019 FILM COMPLETO SCARICARE HD","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Hummingbird; Drama; Studio; Boss; Comics; Movie theater","score_opus":0.012585637778449588,"score_gpt":0.25102020287539895,"score_spread":0.23843456509694935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7010181147","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00062134065,0.000014504106,0.0006890077,0.00023471435,0.0010895876,0.002819091,0.000441072,0.00027333506,0.9938173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0086605055,0.00003341247,0.0007073489,0.000121457895,0.0008259364,0.0003758483,0.00032341015,0.0006522026,0.9882999],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99465513,0.00049996615,0.0006932049,0.002540187,0.00077144825,0.00084006804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9921861,0.000338643,0.00073988264,0.0064382968,0.0001312376,0.00016583817],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013543516,0.0008595886,0.0009297789,0.00024546968,0.0002494338,0.00033658775,0.0025428266,0.00038492595,0.555343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014463512,0.00074758864,0.0006167784,0.00030797813,0.00030732193,0.00012335884,0.002898466,0.0011633198,0.82042396],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002331806,0.00030079766,0.007319738,0.00016811377,0.0007868211,0.000008394492,0.0008086682,0.00013980143,0.00011587606,0.0071725626,0.97695017,0.006205748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005699778,0.0000023564203,0.0006336026,0.00027433207,0.0002193345,0.0000068303502,0.0007754044,0.00022072229,0.00033446364,0.001652259,0.9944573,0.00085340295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042232582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009550007,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.265081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019496912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036067195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949753},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7022393755","doi":"","title":"Mount Vernon, Ohio","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electric light; Light rail; Power (physics); Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.004640576123425308,"score_gpt":0.18719999481839433,"score_spread":0.18255941869496903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7022393755","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000022431173,0.0005482953,0.0007891048,0.00027995813,0.00078170205,0.00040559517,0.00036782725,0.0002721033,0.996533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.030517612,0.0028617461,0.0048713293,0.008466125,0.013784226,0.00010343778,0.018069748,0.0007509643,0.9205748],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984469,0.00004506004,0.0005332264,0.00024162582,0.0002240213,0.0005091754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989456,0.000020391515,0.0004310342,0.00039248308,0.000013089254,0.0001974095],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005830077,0.00046751852,0.00040089042,0.00017540627,0.00011767114,0.00034229737,0.00029921462,0.0002467008,0.0076291305],"category_scores_gemma":[8.9993057e-7,0.0004387504,0.00015556389,0.00020788853,0.00006420434,0.0033521869,0.00021418912,0.00041645352,0.0004553128],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012805834,0.000038789934,0.00018177355,0.000052377774,0.00007373067,9.2536294e-7,0.000044305223,0.00003959022,1.956782e-7,0.5362917,0.45393628,0.00932751],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006109908,0.000056336157,0.00027810296,0.00034127338,0.000031645108,0.0000026083933,0.0000068758923,0.00045029062,0.000009717439,0.002148512,0.99560237,0.00046130316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.754622e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.563117e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54166603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014406124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047369394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7028466210","doi":"","title":"Ex(tra)territorial. Reassessing Territory in Literature, Culture and Languages / Les Territoires littéraires, culturels et linguistiques en question","year":2015,"lang":"es","type":"other","venue":"El Servicio de Difusión de la Creación Intelectual (National University of La Plata)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Identity (music); Narrative; Field (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004956073457261296,"score_gpt":0.2729029337130518,"score_spread":0.2679468602557905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7028466210","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.270668,0.011780822,0.0016040745,0.0013613045,0.0007659468,0.0011687025,0.0063897986,0.00034863697,0.7059127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9494319,0.0012403742,0.007018868,0.00012937126,0.003987908,0.0000054135794,0.005574937,0.00021791863,0.032393303],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971033,0.001048391,0.00034026412,0.000558045,0.000561557,0.00038847144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981473,0.00062979164,0.00036521416,0.00021395636,0.0004471448,0.00019656813],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008409972,0.0005469337,0.0005872494,0.0004006315,0.00014137,0.00029561252,0.0004859016,0.0009602215,0.00015074796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031290503,0.00059691194,0.00015125333,0.00023687794,0.0003521666,0.00033208565,0.0002667725,0.0012342631,0.0000062394024],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016590303,0.004754649,0.0774567,0.004855919,0.0026736506,0.0016639364,0.22307827,0.00089330185,0.011934494,0.49944958,0.15825155,0.013328912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021013545,0.00027078541,0.017182752,0.0058538406,0.00027895105,0.00011217669,0.011505288,0.0011042457,0.00055247056,0.014826609,0.9449582,0.0012533292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009676541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002171849,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7867066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005864318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00066661765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996482},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7084128070","doi":"10.64628/aam.asr66vwkg","title":"Quayside Toronto project proves that smart city talks must be transparent","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Smart city; Key (lock); Work (physics); Focus (optics)","score_opus":0.05037285084890123,"score_gpt":0.2970470263354923,"score_spread":0.24667417548659107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7084128070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5713333,0.00004618966,0.005561387,0.00038773258,0.00047228247,0.00063673913,0.000069830916,0.00011954086,0.421373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98671997,0.0000017559317,0.0014823808,0.00012028832,0.00051640824,0.000056071538,0.000041016745,0.000023129722,0.011038969],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989313,0.000024831475,0.00018251705,0.00029602842,0.00022581597,0.0003394921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946463,0.000019738523,0.000058339352,0.00031774756,0.000057267276,0.00008225471],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000091882015,0.00020006692,0.00018176687,0.00001792814,0.00012332403,0.000079402955,0.0001910051,0.000037365997,0.0036697637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000020318228,0.00016185305,0.0001248307,0.000058214147,0.000115532304,0.00028140278,0.00006422127,0.00008122973,0.0000612482],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036934772,0.0063906983,0.4479723,0.00029886895,0.0018141101,0.000019676654,0.025652077,0.000013260121,0.024604885,0.277622,0.12462789,0.090614885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004398436,0.0025032437,0.032478236,0.00016445522,0.00040587664,0.0000073785964,0.0258847,0.002837998,0.49109572,0.010801405,0.42614633,0.0032762198],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007132274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018983784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46649083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006240805,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058853788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994793},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7087274972","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17312404","title":"Cross-site comparison of ecosystem- and plot-scale methane fluxes from wetlands and uplands (Version 1)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; McMaster University; Dalhousie University; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Eddy covariance; Methane emissions; Methane; Flux (metallurgy); Wetland; Atmospheric methane","score_opus":0.01352588742720593,"score_gpt":0.26249666260922516,"score_spread":0.24897077518201924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7087274972","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06091395,0.0001828755,0.0001285866,0.000040282768,0.00011887714,0.00025745484,0.9344474,0.00006853859,0.003842052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.065352984,0.00007564987,0.00007788025,0.0000093776325,0.0001461148,4.823453e-8,0.9335068,0.00022123664,0.0006099199],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998537,0.00016675486,0.0003511311,0.00043195175,0.00028529248,0.00022788151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989155,0.000054576612,0.0002284859,0.0004419517,0.00023130553,0.00012817718],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025439236,0.0002169041,0.00038750106,0.00019544268,0.0006063975,0.00048803288,0.0004935606,0.00010954497,0.005526852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043810316,0.00021948252,0.00005366744,0.00020253901,0.00013558575,0.00012995255,0.0016701525,0.0003240036,0.00026172007],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006135794,0.00015650608,0.0006523041,0.00028956923,0.00014092491,0.0000021310477,0.00025916053,0.000008070219,0.0004040322,0.00008458949,0.9939289,0.0040124236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006363872,0.00017402729,0.00049156434,0.00014256411,0.000092819595,0.0000029181579,0.00021253606,0.00021171338,0.0005547505,0.000058021647,0.99722785,0.00019483073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021110362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003059144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005265132,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003716387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051352667,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99538225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7087978252","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17327344","title":"Cicindela (Cicindela) oregona subsp. oregona LeConte 1856","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Natural (archaeology); Taxonomy (biology); Tardigrada","score_opus":0.016051197828092265,"score_gpt":0.2396165001258662,"score_spread":0.22356530229777394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7087978252","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10352623,0.00019031676,0.022155521,0.002618661,0.00042637542,0.00081722,0.00037974646,0.0008503543,0.8690356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834498,0.000011266855,0.00022987017,0.00028284718,0.00025182517,1.1291291e-7,0.0014994009,0.00080772414,0.01346714],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982213,0.00017207925,0.00032860535,0.00047363024,0.00031524157,0.00048917276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986762,0.00003049535,0.00011068465,0.0005763874,0.0004477777,0.00015848382],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003789499,0.00021844706,0.00021517625,0.00024793795,0.0015846636,0.0006354959,0.00094302197,0.00006161485,0.014379273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078119956,0.00023070374,0.00011179447,0.0006722057,0.00019177631,0.0002479226,0.00107436,0.00037544916,0.0072386493],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011382303,0.0005696586,0.00029299405,0.000103384475,0.00037159407,0.000018461227,0.0010269074,0.00016679088,0.005051003,0.34757054,0.4772789,0.16743596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007923667,0.00012663822,0.001035572,0.000050926403,0.00003835329,0.000009435263,0.00052222435,0.00068479904,0.0016019891,0.004745641,0.990124,0.00026808341],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004979391,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.0790215e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8799236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012789729,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011098706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7091333844","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.17362588","title":"Electric-Field Modeling Toolkit for Type-II Pulsed Bessel-Gaussian Second-Harmonic Generation in KTP","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Nonlinear system; Fortran; Parametric statistics; Mesh generation; Codebase; Potassium titanyl phosphate","score_opus":0.032325954582172474,"score_gpt":0.2596878218492385,"score_spread":0.22736186726706603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7091333844","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023035004,0.00024779723,0.03099501,0.00038881868,0.00028542633,0.0011781799,0.00037931546,0.00037130353,0.9638507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4955907,0.0001011743,0.0010844623,0.00022795411,0.0017635169,0.000001137045,0.010138667,0.0069992924,0.4840931],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854356,0.00009944446,0.00028907636,0.000471645,0.00020114462,0.00039510854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917126,0.000014115793,0.00012332233,0.00038363735,0.00022476137,0.000082885264],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002486558,0.00023090356,0.00023702077,0.00041416672,0.00064958853,0.00038392682,0.00059720554,0.00013573196,0.026844995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008166579,0.00026045225,0.00008104884,0.0004737693,0.00001549047,0.00010432864,0.0004899295,0.00035099188,0.00077082467],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000049569484,0.00026091118,0.0000028829686,0.00016567286,0.00016754855,0.0000031091636,0.00026691,0.00029930426,0.005410467,0.019160295,0.9313879,0.042825412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058493495,0.00021463694,0.0000016654242,0.0000723519,0.000032415923,0.0000014701927,0.00007596086,0.021760248,0.0019928804,0.0007184467,0.9742439,0.00030108428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000074037256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031885534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4932872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012589034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020973013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7099075347","doi":"","title":"(2005), How Good Is Canadian Health Care? 2005","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Life expectancy; Government (linguistics); Economic shortage; Per capita; Infant mortality; Health care; Public health; Health insurance","score_opus":0.0038396820807156205,"score_gpt":0.20397604178634035,"score_spread":0.20013635970562474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7099075347","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05046436,0.001111923,0.0013692891,0.042636465,0.00055837666,0.0004914209,0.0007590178,0.00009564833,0.9025135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9385043,0.0000015744955,0.0013184417,0.00086423435,0.00051554054,0.000007147392,0.00016841924,0.000020325058,0.058600012],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99896795,0.000011737561,0.00011476117,0.00017940628,0.00011859485,0.0006075828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941885,0.0000058349337,0.00004059102,0.00021639241,0.000029066945,0.00028928375],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000046089648,0.00012727607,0.0001247233,0.0000581365,0.0001358245,0.00008389955,0.00011269598,0.000025806927,0.00250124],"category_scores_gemma":[3.3653802e-7,0.00012164682,0.000066324406,0.000066044224,0.000021890413,0.00007733107,0.00002223322,0.00008839141,0.00027800986],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[8.268908e-7,0.00006179539,0.02389585,0.000010473332,0.000032514243,0.0000026888777,0.00028170642,0.000016947764,0.0000212922,0.13144317,0.83955467,0.004678073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026578948,0.000030275849,0.0035156088,0.0000062143113,0.0000082350625,6.786874e-7,0.001098797,0.00006291916,0.0009302861,0.0015981673,0.9922358,0.0002472224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.42839608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.22834986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88803995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019342263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041504126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7109974361","doi":"10.1109/ap-s/cnc-usnc-ursi55537.2025.11266517","title":"Advanced Electromagnetic Surface for Circularly Polarized High Order Vortex Mode Divergence Improvements","year":2025,"lang":"","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Angular momentum; Vortex; Divergence (linguistics); Phase (matter); Circular polarization; Optical vortex; Beam divergence; Rotation (mathematics)","score_opus":0.004221175849327469,"score_gpt":0.2442047691959059,"score_spread":0.23998359334657843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7109974361","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45036015,0.00083139737,0.5409523,0.00075069856,0.001737617,0.0025853626,0.00035888873,0.00007203739,0.0023515178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9062423,0.00005251231,0.03362446,0.00029267833,0.00012257505,0.00015622897,0.00019038026,0.00007111009,0.059247743],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961395,0.00007397892,0.0009027267,0.0011262584,0.00042592702,0.001331559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978264,0.00013614135,0.00028975288,0.00091168564,0.00061401713,0.00022197916],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019217924,0.00071820174,0.00075331103,0.00011356104,0.00051239727,0.00026512193,0.00067765894,0.00018751832,0.0011239931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003305739,0.00076528575,0.00041586504,0.00083935907,0.00013811515,0.0004472169,0.0004481747,0.0003813507,0.0001136953],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016406771,0.0009424635,0.002928817,0.00020561316,0.00085745746,0.0000016199195,0.00010803433,0.0003695236,0.82274055,0.16588579,0.00015520792,0.005640865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.035958312,0.0063432753,0.0061505437,0.0006315486,0.003789852,0.0000014380498,0.0022513391,0.2665877,0.33776113,0.3131969,0.021038983,0.0062889676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009610741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022176031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5073279,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023212058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00056968746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}