{"meta":{"query_hash":"ec3028c02b28","filters":{"topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods"},"cohort_total":355,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":355,"exported":355,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/ec3028c02b28","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?topic=Solar-Powered+Water+Purification+Methods"},"results":[{"id":"W1757194833","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.043","title":"Transient analysis of a photovoltaic thermal heat input process with thermal storage","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University; Faculty of Arts, Ryerson University","keywords":"Desalination; Photovoltaic system; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Heat pump; Transient (computer programming); Multiple-effect distillation; Thermal; Solar desalination; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Distillation; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Engineering; Process (computing); Solar energy; Solar thermal collector; Automotive engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Meteorology; Electrical engineering; Heat exchanger; Thermodynamics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.021940878007169335,"score_gpt":0.2601740818968806,"score_spread":0.23823320388971128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1757194833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9122771,0.00030168355,0.07107606,0.00045456475,0.00006499802,0.00007880858,0.00019040339,0.00056664046,0.014989705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983524,0.000026172349,0.00063803105,0.000007170628,0.0000030637043,0.000008910316,0.00001583049,0.000011196757,0.0009372106],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999894,0.000017861543,0.0000031597629,0.0000172861,0.000037100126,0.0000305553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997335,0.0001930003,0.000016077845,0.000015562744,0.00003062831,0.000011145743],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020382246,0.00022578675,0.00045277594,0.00018921537,0.000462256,0.0005140339,0.0004133626,0.0005314312,0.0033520127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057672715,0.00019064968,0.00043081882,0.00027976464,0.00056306,0.000507588,0.00021579771,0.00039877585,0.00020957136],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019984846,0.00044965476,0.0024908753,0.00045929805,0.00010780851,0.0007496058,0.00033676653,0.58395547,0.37262455,0.01244052,0.0013348915,0.023052055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028876302,0.0001310088,0.0010085503,0.0000048647044,0.000012112642,0.000027497232,0.000036316676,0.9620545,0.035857134,0.0005320504,0.00029986387,0.0000072792836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037906473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018427242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037906473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007541573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047071063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011213601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1761219213","doi":"10.6000/1929-6002.2015.04.03.2","title":"Mathematical Modelling of Portable Solar Water Distillation System","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Technology Innovations in Renewable Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distillation; Process engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.05145179169917378,"score_gpt":0.27863543878713065,"score_spread":0.22718364708795688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1761219213","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047592297,0.0039665345,0.7699154,0.0024123127,0.0004736997,0.00021793625,0.0020773434,0.0006569254,0.17268744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8786246,0.0028667497,0.021391522,0.00029714723,0.00014636194,0.0005667377,0.0009846713,0.00016634767,0.09495595],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997228,0.000052499567,0.000014068457,0.00006382829,0.00009470728,0.000052124058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994916,0.00020701038,0.00007360501,0.000017518072,0.00019049514,0.000019747371],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039810812,0.0008804762,0.00087866094,0.00076513295,0.00067605096,0.0019362329,0.001276344,0.0021596393,0.010924414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014501468,0.00049387536,0.00096992706,0.0007463856,0.0006584166,0.0011575293,0.00088112825,0.0012032693,0.0015962981],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003231161,0.000027656542,0.00074561976,0.0001991476,0.000020480164,0.0002759188,0.00012481953,0.95360464,0.0022021097,0.0338097,0.0027873737,0.0061703175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006101231,0.000012305729,0.00016133493,0.00001430369,0.000008132993,0.000045074255,0.000027699985,0.99298954,0.00017424149,0.0042933235,0.0022596861,0.000008180998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01484055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005496615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01484055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011583202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009429348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036545873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1844768869","doi":"10.3968/j.est.1923847920110101.003","title":"Pioneer Solar Water Desalination System: Experimental Testing and Numerical Simulation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy science and technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Condenser (optics); Desalination; Solar desalination; Distilled water; Solar energy; Evaporator; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Environmental engineering; Meteorology; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Electrical engineering; Heat exchanger; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.04174693439542237,"score_gpt":0.2776526691786524,"score_spread":0.23590573478323001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1844768869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811927,0.00016181418,0.008014445,0.00011276463,0.000031115324,0.00018796338,0.0013913927,0.0006216568,0.008286222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891622,0.00010988473,0.0073890565,0.000012031294,0.0000038831845,0.00019444413,0.0005278588,0.00002928883,0.0025713202],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998142,0.00002436337,0.000008720512,0.000034261728,0.00008083902,0.000037718033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997502,0.000075010175,0.00002286331,0.000034098055,0.00009109254,0.000026782764],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037982332,0.0004614277,0.00081814756,0.00042886595,0.00056535593,0.0005050318,0.0010307678,0.00077635405,0.0038124216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043937864,0.00018015043,0.0003903271,0.00058716146,0.00037103775,0.00031985124,0.00043109118,0.000509737,0.0003447531],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004330152,0.0003968498,0.0063350443,0.0004371249,0.000038246177,0.00039692456,0.00020105817,0.9190809,0.056734737,0.0009445397,0.0016153414,0.013386123],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014079401,0.00037188112,0.0036297995,0.000013367632,0.000018889392,0.00003336611,0.00011040378,0.9561079,0.037168793,0.00027896577,0.0021032183,0.000022657501],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019745806,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01523767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019745806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001211386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00094795856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0392617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964230403","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2012.07.001","title":"Performance assessment of a solar pond with and without shading effect","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Shading; Environmental science; Solar pond; Solar energy; Convection; Atmospheric sciences; Thermal; Sunlight; Solar gain; Meteorology; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Ecology; Optics; Geography; Geotechnical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.0111908300671165,"score_gpt":0.2642735431357191,"score_spread":0.2530827130686026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964230403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99184376,0.00007897213,0.0062324908,0.000037122336,0.000022262371,0.000028085515,0.00012976755,0.00028466122,0.0013429616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979961,0.000027845514,0.0010971681,0.000005867181,0.0000029029668,0.000009011117,0.000051018356,0.000009465768,0.00080061547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997104,0.00004991598,0.000017709759,0.000058168444,0.000108650784,0.000055108296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999158,0.00029173493,0.000051497515,0.00010426711,0.00029926907,0.00009517034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040452526,0.00037393963,0.00069420657,0.0002993648,0.0005952116,0.0004937911,0.0006009011,0.0009421769,0.0024516738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00097445736,0.00020243862,0.00039762474,0.00034104998,0.00036016453,0.000517763,0.0003667895,0.00028693367,0.00043037365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.006371213,0.0007451676,0.01112419,0.00050609576,0.000088992405,0.00036029518,0.00018145933,0.07254296,0.8629045,0.00029003326,0.000560451,0.04432457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034442983,0.0066502756,0.037895415,0.000016028407,0.00018554069,0.00024288731,0.000215972,0.1722965,0.78047246,0.00021390132,0.0014070552,0.00005952034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021571408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022152807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024516738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036111102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005071807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008201718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964663155","doi":"10.1115/ajk2011-17006","title":"Simulation of Hydrogen Production by Using Concentrated Solar Energy Through Thermo-Chemical Water Splitting Process: Part II—Simulation of Zinc Hydrolysis Reaction to Generate Hydrogen","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference: Volume 1, Symposia – Parts A, B, C, and D","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Zinc; Hydrogen production; Hydrogen; Materials science; Yield (engineering); Particle (ecology); Steam reforming; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.03723239013333211,"score_gpt":0.2518475966284504,"score_spread":0.21461520649511828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964663155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97551286,0.00012848726,0.011747335,0.00019554596,0.0000317487,0.00006764464,0.00044814948,0.00011094689,0.011757249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99501014,0.00006832697,0.0027419329,0.000016083768,0.000003430243,0.00005119235,0.00014846318,0.000018369621,0.001942119],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999355,0.00001289364,0.0000029941766,0.000010066227,0.000016057647,0.000022514418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970907,0.00018105342,0.000025964931,0.000015911615,0.000038502974,0.000029409583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019200821,0.00037709036,0.00061235117,0.00027787354,0.00041592214,0.0006545949,0.0006248659,0.0012559593,0.002637094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005636423,0.00033290693,0.00064582494,0.00037061656,0.00049386546,0.00043482857,0.0003618095,0.0005408185,0.00016822184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007870485,0.000038823935,0.0008615668,0.000022551318,0.000008228034,0.00007350525,0.000025891904,0.99495125,0.0026101414,0.0004572002,0.00008899482,0.00078315067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016203394,0.000023578947,0.00026359703,0.0000018153232,0.000002566002,0.000005883061,0.000018029192,0.99833906,0.0011205733,0.000089396686,0.000116469004,0.000002807544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017082956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007778486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017082956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007638846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083017006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.033967078},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977851743","doi":"10.1504/ijex.2013.052544","title":"Dynamic exergetic performance assessment of an integrated solar pond","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Exergy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Exergy; Solar pond; Environmental science; Solar energy; Exergy efficiency; Environmental engineering; Atmospheric sciences; Process engineering; Nuclear engineering; Meteorology; Engineering; Geology; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.012579853297446469,"score_gpt":0.3197006105607619,"score_spread":0.3071207572633154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977851743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875919,0.00012676141,0.011070154,0.000011697732,0.000011057755,0.000046556397,0.00013710556,0.00009898472,0.00090579764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99535334,0.00009638777,0.0036926016,0.0000072882553,0.0000023730245,0.000030097117,0.00010311611,0.000011765695,0.0007029913],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995664,0.000028139153,0.0000233552,0.00008028294,0.00024897655,0.000052886102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997999,0.000044814387,0.000018658393,0.00003237237,0.000082649116,0.000021617732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036961888,0.0004733787,0.00088265055,0.00037439654,0.0004934041,0.0006729586,0.00063753873,0.00051140215,0.0012605307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051609986,0.00023629054,0.0004874915,0.0005667695,0.000404229,0.0008549515,0.0007635095,0.00044480822,0.00023723775],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044186378,0.00025076442,0.005054125,0.00023106657,0.000042909858,0.0001879099,0.000083496234,0.0135840075,0.96464556,0.00016807325,0.00007240035,0.0152378995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005139545,0.0011060627,0.01864391,0.000013303032,0.00008118726,0.00015577365,0.00016149062,0.04859813,0.9295907,0.0002123224,0.00135632,0.000029317385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010138858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013703749,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012605307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037740578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004034377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00421685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981089233","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.135","title":"Experimental investigation of a solar tower based photocatalytic hydrogen production system","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Ontario Tech University","funders":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Photocatalysis; Tower; Hydrogen; Production (economics); Process engineering; Environmental science; Materials science; Engineering physics; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Civil engineering","score_opus":0.019434892203499123,"score_gpt":0.2693275704513685,"score_spread":0.2498926782478694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981089233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99702805,0.00007958746,0.0016668405,0.000026106189,0.000016344846,0.00006463859,0.0002495342,0.000070740665,0.0007981606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974758,0.000070439724,0.0015619639,0.000011963332,0.0000046231926,0.000047313144,0.000106931075,0.0000074662134,0.00071348087],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997366,0.000029617551,0.000018157758,0.00007769132,0.00008994072,0.000048010897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997998,0.000058062076,0.000019760506,0.00004038762,0.00006144666,0.000020507287],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029186273,0.00031233937,0.0005283361,0.00019998563,0.0008540351,0.0003606961,0.0007564184,0.0009220765,0.002336772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028255783,0.00023475365,0.00033692084,0.00027153257,0.00031273268,0.0004345356,0.00032384778,0.0005179644,0.00043640097],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040955955,0.0002356168,0.00072899373,0.00019256413,0.000011506433,0.000109896086,0.0000695672,0.0009286802,0.99350774,0.000068809066,0.000102513484,0.003634623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000634808,0.0015483251,0.005898714,0.0000069219195,0.000027607866,0.00007876684,0.000086131746,0.0050513567,0.9862011,0.00003040702,0.0009960429,0.000011093766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016193674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018600834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002336772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044770126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038516868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007817268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995933740","doi":"10.1016/j.mechrescom.2005.06.005","title":"Transient heat and mass transfer and long-term stability of a salt-gradient solar pond","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mechanics Research Communications","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université de Moncton","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solar pond; Salinity; Environmental science; Heat transfer; Transient (computer programming); Mass transfer; Atmospheric sciences; Work (physics); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Meteorology; Geology; Solar energy; Physics; Ecology; Oceanography; Biology","score_opus":0.14176029438320673,"score_gpt":0.39350070755480665,"score_spread":0.2517404131715999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995933740","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99842346,0.000018073342,0.001037363,0.00003877842,0.0000063942575,0.000003746332,0.0000366795,0.000032403488,0.0004031395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997396,0.000004215499,0.00007322666,0.00000205296,9.4345023e-7,0.0000012868691,0.000015823258,0.000002115191,0.00016077184],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999274,0.000007991552,0.0000036866022,0.000021359881,0.000016394722,0.000023140843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976224,0.000091792324,0.000026112977,0.000025734675,0.000045266883,0.000048873757],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019756008,0.00014404433,0.00035918184,0.00023670723,0.0007557548,0.0005751172,0.00035078503,0.0004204317,0.0011206324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068710296,0.00014222747,0.00025858858,0.00017962488,0.00097561674,0.00063870946,0.0004952968,0.00041922004,0.00014973214],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004054163,0.0007533569,0.053321652,0.00010199291,0.000112330534,0.0015397122,0.0005843824,0.22916146,0.6876761,0.0052812756,0.001144247,0.016269397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013200872,0.00062901544,0.038965005,0.0000082749175,0.000041897085,0.00016780265,0.0004030941,0.82306993,0.13389161,0.0021574148,0.00047550496,0.000058403693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031181122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015027083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031181122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007575257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004313781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0061998963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996815127","doi":"10.1080/01457632.2010.495614","title":"Deposit Formation in Evaporation of a Pulp Mill Effluent","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat Transfer Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Fouling; Paper mill; Black liquor; Countercurrent exchange; Pulp mill; Wastewater; Pulp (tooth); Materials science; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Heat exchanger; Waste management; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Lignin","score_opus":0.012280967917803842,"score_gpt":0.23516504557928944,"score_spread":0.2228840776614856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996815127","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99890256,0.0001350752,0.00046806387,0.0000042138345,0.0000015960632,0.0000051943125,0.000040723357,0.0000089858695,0.00043353176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99716777,0.00013790221,0.0010052837,0.000008431324,0.000001828232,0.000006989014,0.00012420096,0.000008282516,0.0015394085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980706,0.00002113389,0.000010554873,0.000035867186,0.00009113751,0.000034179437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987066,0.000029140487,0.000022215709,0.000011140068,0.000049244525,0.000017650647],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019531084,0.00015902377,0.00034350134,0.00029017357,0.00033994805,0.00041659793,0.00015392978,0.00020235506,0.0007641886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035358014,0.00015908944,0.0001810621,0.0002688371,0.00018598425,0.0002510039,0.00028597124,0.00023467198,0.00015318056],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010599613,0.0000132881305,0.0021864926,0.00005187833,0.0000061443548,0.00009222049,0.00007932341,0.00013144514,0.9952148,0.000024781828,0.000015926,0.0020777185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000067124706,0.00012406005,0.021682749,0.0000066891203,0.000012116857,0.00011039338,0.00007634383,0.00070818694,0.9767097,0.000020515843,0.0005370325,0.0000055190903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015778563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017002772,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015778563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025615073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021332645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00313735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2000483531","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2014.12.060","title":"Performance assessment of a magnesium chloride saturated solar pond","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Convection zone; Exergy; Thermal energy storage; Freezing point; Solar energy; Environmental science; Magnesium; Convection; Exergy efficiency; Energy storage; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Metallurgy; Physics; Ecology","score_opus":0.03466160660303787,"score_gpt":0.28946158294947405,"score_spread":0.2547999763464362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2000483531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99493575,0.00008515103,0.00311048,0.000050956,0.000012551838,0.000039172333,0.00013000064,0.00016378798,0.0014720793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978064,0.0000461206,0.0009208414,0.0000120835275,0.000002019189,0.000008502545,0.000043459793,0.000007058814,0.0011535303],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965775,0.000052559724,0.000023578186,0.000058166435,0.0001616115,0.000046324818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996189,0.00009336559,0.00003177756,0.00003705845,0.00016909985,0.000049697013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004186811,0.0003042331,0.000541374,0.00026088968,0.0007403729,0.0006023834,0.00083899853,0.0008825168,0.0017957396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006675314,0.00016902399,0.00035738965,0.000319234,0.000301257,0.0004616259,0.0005192516,0.0002467332,0.0004995139],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003709582,0.00049260206,0.009857953,0.0004617924,0.000048612375,0.00038890104,0.00018110276,0.02945193,0.9247074,0.00023474377,0.00043758668,0.030027853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001644062,0.0041453377,0.013790798,0.0000145323165,0.00008845154,0.0001697812,0.0002328939,0.075483166,0.90407956,0.00013956698,0.0016602806,0.000031189727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039846897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004529659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039846897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00067103765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007327323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007923007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003915777","doi":"10.1109/pes.2010.5588078","title":"New air cooler with low power consumption","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Energy consumption; Automotive engineering; Photovoltaic system; Power consumption; Power (physics); Computer science; Evaporative cooler; Unit (ring theory); Environmental science; Solar energy; Reliability engineering; Controller (irrigation); Process engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.013013315130393959,"score_gpt":0.2699677717415857,"score_spread":0.25695445661119176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003915777","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3788824,0.012275853,0.56621134,0.000801447,0.0014037532,0.0005002234,0.0004617017,0.0060700723,0.03339318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.71438974,0.002465025,0.23185043,0.0003066932,0.00052107323,0.00032952838,0.0005429684,0.0003370265,0.04925753],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995123,0.000040077695,0.000025150806,0.00012527654,0.00026036773,0.000036813435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999729,0.0000449808,0.000046728448,0.000035740446,0.00012255102,0.000021013007],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003208212,0.00036287174,0.00084348704,0.0008406955,0.00048659436,0.0007023829,0.001125705,0.0005433974,0.0038420146],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034529105,0.0003014446,0.00051383034,0.00039297628,0.00027955987,0.001496332,0.00040820614,0.00065678207,0.0008858619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047266964,0.00021770959,0.0010784239,0.0011810231,0.00006162652,0.00025742597,0.00021002362,0.0024347848,0.8281092,0.0065322844,0.0048996108,0.15454522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001844036,0.0013446896,0.0050646137,0.00006632689,0.00015725954,0.001879287,0.00006680401,0.04565875,0.7981469,0.001123496,0.14622128,0.00008609776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021479781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041934155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038420146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003601201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022966036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012852848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006322478","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2012.11.064","title":"Performance Evaluation of a Liquid Desiccant Solar Air Conditioning System","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Procedia","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"TRNSYS; Desiccant; Environmental science; Solar air conditioning; Solar energy; Meteorology; Nuclear engineering; Air conditioning; Thermosiphon; Passive solar building design; Engineering; Thermal; Mechanical engineering; Electrical engineering; Heat exchanger; Physics","score_opus":0.039066960964941916,"score_gpt":0.28886402687097046,"score_spread":0.24979706590602854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006322478","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915951,0.00017588034,0.0053313673,0.00005484584,0.00001970626,0.000089572706,0.00022398015,0.00045271177,0.0020568252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99501204,0.00008310282,0.0022951213,0.0000149970665,0.0000039162946,0.000022607026,0.00019581783,0.000023152585,0.0023493292],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965715,0.000046334422,0.000023267237,0.000062887,0.00016871633,0.000041653304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960834,0.000060257382,0.000028021592,0.000033038985,0.0002392421,0.000031128435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041903486,0.00033814975,0.00048022377,0.00027866548,0.0006151704,0.00054311776,0.00055228383,0.0002942538,0.0037878533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006087445,0.00013654916,0.0002261696,0.00023783474,0.00019577004,0.00041733068,0.00022979245,0.00020725334,0.00060288457],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0027020022,0.00041457315,0.022113,0.0007425281,0.00010295502,0.00037997667,0.0004995552,0.040504683,0.8295629,0.0003731137,0.0024428603,0.1001619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015594273,0.0043547,0.029120691,0.000033686025,0.00011101191,0.00028363973,0.00032585225,0.1336264,0.823551,0.00006364551,0.008325509,0.000048026024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010667709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008571174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010667709,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009004372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006319535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021211267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009223810","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.09.003","title":"Performance investigation of a solar pond","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Thermal Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Solar pond; Convection; Thermal; Convective heat transfer; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Work (physics); Heat transfer; Convection zone; Meteorology; Mechanics; Solar energy; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Mechanical engineering; Geography; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.011593158187978004,"score_gpt":0.2054465245413435,"score_spread":0.19385336635336547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009223810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948978,0.00007239139,0.00289909,0.000051427356,0.000015136452,0.000026112146,0.00012253354,0.00022019679,0.0016953332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99767596,0.00003583674,0.0007453215,0.000009282132,0.0000027704943,0.0000069066095,0.000054027096,0.0000108076965,0.0014591552],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997155,0.000043849443,0.000015106404,0.000052509702,0.00012745695,0.000045627396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947506,0.0001543955,0.000032418535,0.00006432413,0.00020061735,0.00007322684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038547866,0.00023886193,0.00060912373,0.00032935673,0.00080228044,0.0005499269,0.00064515375,0.0007197566,0.003585699],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008608276,0.00019114841,0.0003317369,0.0004226154,0.00031427763,0.00058096874,0.00048377505,0.0003431037,0.00063033536],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00216323,0.00043605047,0.008599512,0.00028300192,0.000034718738,0.00034815242,0.00015904913,0.017168267,0.9435347,0.00038475796,0.00057047437,0.026318124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000115900366,0.0029930521,0.014458521,0.0000110259225,0.0000503691,0.00021384841,0.00016552447,0.056628186,0.9231859,0.00016984227,0.0019862633,0.000021512038],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015649936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014757012,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003585699,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046750403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053825206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011995375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018557830","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1310131110","title":"Compact solar autoclave based on steam generation using broadband light-harvesting nanoparticles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":469,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Geomechanica (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Sterilization (economics); Autoclave; Process engineering; Materials science; Broadband; Photothermal therapy; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Computer science; Telecommunications; Engineering; Business; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.1097973383061583,"score_gpt":0.3395156386831838,"score_spread":0.2297183003770255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018557830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9510893,0.0014841811,0.043204587,0.00014613291,0.00008514295,0.000068400455,0.00014609097,0.00057672855,0.0031994632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98380554,0.0006211126,0.0129997255,0.000057969504,0.000012880348,0.000028816858,0.00009913701,0.000044368033,0.0023304299],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999229,0.0000079917745,0.0000042059028,0.000020582369,0.00003547592,0.000008890813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993,0.000018744619,0.000017256218,0.00001056291,0.000015623837,0.000007744686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009925547,0.0002586394,0.00017645399,0.00014625085,0.00008572733,0.0001977689,0.00022797179,0.00025361564,0.0008190181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013790122,0.0001591515,0.00021006948,0.00010270658,0.00019678326,0.0003286861,0.00024762566,0.00034561378,0.00025264663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026655465,0.00001267417,0.000068056215,0.000040206465,0.000003674813,0.000019406307,0.000011128184,0.00017235382,0.9966974,0.00012252455,0.000074804746,0.00275116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046096,0.000075850345,0.00032061955,0.000002067881,0.0000038536,0.00004329689,0.000003723958,0.0019330413,0.9966767,0.000018065877,0.00091588,0.0000024318144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002827389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062945223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008190181,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014568355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009671174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027399063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018714886","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/23/19/190201","title":"Nanowires for energy","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Nanowire; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.01783939233048897,"score_gpt":0.2980942195644379,"score_spread":0.2802548272339489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018714886","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00017724349,0.10833777,0.0016397096,0.036427993,0.808287,0.00006598341,0.00018243014,0.00023725218,0.044644527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003810834,0.16125232,0.0019273938,0.04658536,0.38922432,0.0001783388,0.00043202608,0.00043150398,0.39615792],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985921,0.00013034904,0.000102697195,0.00022068566,0.00087766664,0.00007647938],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927956,0.00018186025,0.00007630008,0.00005172967,0.00024688378,0.00016360734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011236388,0.0016384567,0.0010264522,0.0010758532,0.0010909941,0.002941681,0.0012717764,0.0043412773,0.04407264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0025769167,0.0004142362,0.00068057835,0.0006307344,0.00085592637,0.0032809458,0.0022129484,0.0066300174,0.029622518],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001878576,0.000013441784,0.000020075433,0.0004108787,0.000007635401,0.000051734874,0.000024250608,0.000028378072,0.0010568008,0.0066199014,0.9202954,0.07145267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017721757,0.0000038744292,0.000011257734,0.000045969788,0.000001428736,0.000031096555,0.000004091479,0.000008169745,0.00009126217,0.00077879423,0.99902093,0.0000013189475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025772318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013107406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04407264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009890953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010002061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14743763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026767670","doi":"10.1115/ajk2011-03061","title":"Flow Field Investigation in a Water Treatment Reactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference: Volume 1, Symposia – Parts A, B, C, and D","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Australian Research Council; C-M Concrete Products","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Photocatalysis; Fluent; Pressure drop; Pollutant; Mechanics; Inlet; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Drop (telecommunication); Fluid dynamics; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Catalysis; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.04716322292081888,"score_gpt":0.23605061029393554,"score_spread":0.18888738737311667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026767670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96107304,0.00023822357,0.034120556,0.00024909817,0.000041341616,0.000121315694,0.00038640405,0.0003101136,0.0034598575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97790146,0.0001681377,0.019928355,0.000032818065,0.000007910729,0.00006879056,0.00023637842,0.000019011508,0.001637076],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998956,0.000016844102,0.0000062094773,0.000023461223,0.00003593199,0.00002202923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975425,0.00015894476,0.000023055361,0.000011682753,0.00003626163,0.000015842017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022873469,0.00036145325,0.00055527454,0.00055381516,0.00063275406,0.00056567375,0.00041564746,0.00092808285,0.0010966867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049735734,0.00022109826,0.0004159097,0.0003662603,0.0006707189,0.00043924607,0.00028571373,0.0005190525,0.000102354104],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052528916,0.0004910163,0.008201998,0.0002601223,0.000033312706,0.00071196194,0.00035301773,0.70771223,0.2542434,0.0041003753,0.0006854003,0.022681803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031795662,0.000098010874,0.0016153415,0.000006289591,0.0000042743795,0.00003328644,0.000037210528,0.9753508,0.022174196,0.00026176145,0.00037147186,0.000015465612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009252238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00391654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009252238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006411976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00095640187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018396795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027167441","doi":"10.1016/s0038-092x(02)00034-8","title":"Single- and multi-tank energy storage for solar heating systems: fundamentals","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Solar Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":90,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Heat exchanger; Storage tank; Electromagnetic coil; Volume (thermodynamics); Solar energy; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0657270965731041,"score_gpt":0.2780140859129309,"score_spread":0.21228698933982681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027167441","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.06847874,0.08137635,0.74152786,0.0021114016,0.0011981732,0.00026756103,0.00045728328,0.0011985559,0.10338414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7018279,0.050051257,0.19270207,0.00031541477,0.0013025957,0.00030602756,0.0002728943,0.00015483584,0.053067077],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998995,0.0000076122137,0.0000067077362,0.00002647075,0.000051032224,0.000008726314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992883,0.00002687778,0.00000589021,0.000009918646,0.000024159626,0.0000043598143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015209799,0.00038536073,0.00044176134,0.00034196468,0.00052857737,0.0007073797,0.0007644807,0.0006016756,0.0036310134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000144056,0.00048297446,0.000274412,0.00053274044,0.00056022435,0.0015585545,0.00042000107,0.00088282046,0.0009593963],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020486397,0.00029506715,0.0007341241,0.002326159,0.000043618642,0.00023919891,0.00055119384,0.029384723,0.18347834,0.2338733,0.014770739,0.53409874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006329508,0.000601237,0.003620163,0.0004389114,0.00007796587,0.001344485,0.000376275,0.32240653,0.212126,0.15555899,0.3032176,0.00016851713],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005752279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015274733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036310134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006218256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040117803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012147009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029311367","doi":"10.1021/la061596s","title":"Microgels Loaded with Gold Nanorods:  Photothermally Triggered Volume Transitions under Physiological Conditions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":245,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Nanorod; Volume (thermodynamics); Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Biophysics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Biology","score_opus":0.02019861072771583,"score_gpt":0.25557172083122015,"score_spread":0.2353731101035043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2029311367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99556524,0.0008300827,0.0028136251,0.00003729533,0.00001897248,0.0000144328405,0.00006377981,0.000104188955,0.0005523161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928334,0.0004301053,0.004973319,0.000041988234,0.000009609896,0.00002336556,0.00008277959,0.000033145432,0.0015723006],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999318,0.000007689686,0.0000045980314,0.000026055537,0.0000162255,0.000013629677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999244,0.000023484465,0.00002511182,0.0000063201433,0.000009301063,0.000011262866],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009706171,0.00024513237,0.00013362053,0.00011233528,0.00009229712,0.00016800064,0.00013998843,0.00021458472,0.00048061964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017232672,0.00011112148,0.00012404461,0.000050234612,0.00017785448,0.00024168608,0.00012269049,0.00016219096,0.00013847732],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015007647,0.0000025687598,0.000023501525,0.000008033681,9.2308284e-7,0.000008034646,0.000005732555,0.000045243298,0.99942434,0.00000894986,0.000005083996,0.00045262612],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003800953,0.0000740597,0.0004552263,0.0000011111899,0.0000039791917,0.000029362009,0.000006834509,0.00034741187,0.99874216,0.000008468,0.00032540155,0.0000022102993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004563011,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007858277,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00048061964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002063048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000083682164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016078353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030014435","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.01.012","title":"Exergetic performance analysis of a solar pond","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Exergy; Solar pond; Environmental science; Convection; Exergy efficiency; Thermal energy storage; Solar energy; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Geology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.0310016363595566,"score_gpt":0.34341082292977754,"score_spread":0.31240918657022093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030014435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928565,0.00009475003,0.004495627,0.000026631615,0.0000071901286,0.000026670781,0.00028767908,0.00006551274,0.0021394587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985884,0.00003056634,0.00029143182,0.000002948387,0.0000010978196,0.000007151764,0.00008555513,0.00000621407,0.0009866507],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998894,0.000012420814,0.0000065333475,0.000018328697,0.00005248238,0.000020844835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999874,0.000055539378,0.0000075525663,0.00001183973,0.000037505066,0.000013503678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022427285,0.000285257,0.0005202906,0.0004887494,0.0005061154,0.0004103935,0.00050726096,0.00045069456,0.004072783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030955186,0.00015387518,0.00047136509,0.00043426047,0.00025989636,0.0004300821,0.00037821778,0.00028778077,0.00056163315],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00267548,0.00047636786,0.01744605,0.0002870876,0.00009029452,0.00042597277,0.00012345081,0.09350253,0.8516114,0.00080869545,0.0003598496,0.03219294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011830637,0.0021021967,0.04902132,0.000010523164,0.0000832907,0.0001883273,0.00019917163,0.19289382,0.7533004,0.00085197366,0.0011948134,0.00003587687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017847735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017737952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004072783,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035159528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028466503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013624847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042158486","doi":"10.1115/1.2210498","title":"A Linear Stability Study of the Gradient Zone of a Solar Pond","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Stratification (seeds); Convection; Mechanics; Convection zone; Thermodynamics; Physics; Radiative transfer; Steady state (chemistry); Stability (learning theory); Solar gain; Heat flux; Temperature gradient; Flux (metallurgy); Concentration gradient; Materials science; Heat transfer; Meteorology; Chemistry; Thermal; Optics","score_opus":0.019063223292829275,"score_gpt":0.24403827047239035,"score_spread":0.22497504717956107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042158486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9345264,0.00059568003,0.052601833,0.00031146358,0.000022355507,0.00006205915,0.000115123774,0.00016897554,0.011596012],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99674475,0.00012112387,0.0013579669,0.000013980968,0.000006837513,0.000019205398,0.000040935232,0.000009860076,0.0016852693],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989855,0.000024424378,0.000003552674,0.00002287881,0.000026334756,0.000024266961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996238,0.00016009656,0.000084963576,0.000016613809,0.00007469647,0.00003981692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002930536,0.0003939134,0.0003687536,0.00045644143,0.0005893618,0.0011265165,0.00036930206,0.0005162969,0.0013120776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011774371,0.00022473004,0.00043364574,0.00017701871,0.0009992517,0.00047624385,0.0011923624,0.00042987795,0.00018498042],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00086050836,0.00013782467,0.02015772,0.0005439698,0.00017186419,0.0014818849,0.0011351731,0.7318209,0.17650181,0.047795486,0.0014554394,0.017937452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024349009,0.00012872631,0.0025024908,0.000013616365,0.00001521625,0.000083944135,0.00014072255,0.9879,0.005144922,0.0036784199,0.00034898557,0.00001853354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049746023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014550388,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0049746023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005437251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00054381654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009891272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061351764","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2008.03.013","title":"Design and performance of a transportable hemispherical solar still","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":214,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Distilled water; Solar still; Daytime; Environmental science; Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Chromatography; Desalination","score_opus":0.028041120169689297,"score_gpt":0.23346925934481869,"score_spread":0.2054281391751294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061351764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59055966,0.0008461554,0.36139914,0.00071970094,0.00035580026,0.0003893584,0.002068885,0.004698246,0.038962975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9345802,0.0002613322,0.04579229,0.00010766125,0.000028038763,0.00009587579,0.0009332877,0.00019386326,0.018007297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997874,0.000011443278,0.000006666306,0.0000713146,0.00009676122,0.000026355949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973506,0.000020910822,0.00003145313,0.000058429807,0.000120039134,0.000034137105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022783922,0.00047550516,0.00038273277,0.00023974218,0.00046272107,0.00068423693,0.00172327,0.0005783127,0.004273115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002571496,0.00024079067,0.0002977117,0.00026562583,0.00023745453,0.00063246797,0.00039537236,0.00031102094,0.0012401149],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005895835,0.000118180804,0.0017169495,0.00022717073,0.00006345666,0.00016004645,0.00015775596,0.023001939,0.9112558,0.0030687258,0.0039788024,0.055661593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011380347,0.0015416815,0.0058010803,0.000014068187,0.00009728484,0.00023453397,0.00009211324,0.15210819,0.79160404,0.0004125836,0.047922514,0.000058144757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038291172,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039548813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004273115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011481494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00085050374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014294982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067910687","doi":"10.1115/isec2005-76173","title":"Non-Isothermal, Flat-Plate Liquid-Desiccant Regenerators: A Numerical Study","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Solar Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Regenerative heat exchanger; Desiccant; Air conditioning; Isothermal process; Mass transfer; Materials science; Solar energy; Process engineering; Liquid desiccant; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer; Heat exchanger; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Nuclear engineering; Composite material; Physics; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.019231286647357532,"score_gpt":0.28063116186707715,"score_spread":0.26139987521971964,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067910687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91840607,0.0006102597,0.054373603,0.00044130257,0.000069478134,0.00015637233,0.0005317315,0.0003114281,0.025099587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9730242,0.00025779658,0.021227226,0.000053921987,0.000016165137,0.00010956688,0.00018347598,0.00004282827,0.0050848867],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998802,0.000023487324,0.0000075279618,0.000019012998,0.000044936536,0.000024822348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991849,0.0005487349,0.000094533716,0.00004061167,0.00009966456,0.000031512966],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035871405,0.00032968784,0.00060463906,0.00051898224,0.0007049365,0.0007193588,0.00080633553,0.0012761956,0.0027796915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017184992,0.00028379785,0.00051516626,0.00057304255,0.0009867605,0.0005094973,0.0003648472,0.00045127686,0.00026065894],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007352761,0.0000670495,0.0016067483,0.00009827004,0.0000130978615,0.00019603324,0.000056480243,0.9874937,0.005351072,0.0020133795,0.00025291697,0.0027777494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000121402,0.00002552099,0.00041891038,0.00000420097,0.0000038025564,0.000021548663,0.000021412963,0.9983197,0.00077960285,0.00019406025,0.00019486922,0.0000042991087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013689801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008147443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013689801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008068837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008781922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02722025},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071403337","doi":"10.1080/15435075.2013.773900","title":"An Investigation of the Effect of Transparent Covers on the Performance of Cylindrical Solar Ponds","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Green Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Solar energy; Mica; Thermal; Polycarbonate; Thermal energy storage; Absorption (acoustics); Sunlight; Environmental science; Reflection (computer programming); Cover (algebra); Materials science; Environmental engineering; Optics; Mineralogy; Composite material; Meteorology; Geology; Engineering; Physics; Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01893921743558645,"score_gpt":0.27199992523911165,"score_spread":0.2530607078035252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071403337","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99722385,0.0003058275,0.0015113152,0.000013306437,0.000010844656,0.000012528084,0.0000775132,0.000056147193,0.0007887819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976483,0.00023056252,0.0016195597,0.000009907348,0.00000357061,0.000006206231,0.000072709096,0.000019091576,0.00039014063],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997011,0.000038588387,0.00002093178,0.00003997349,0.00013789296,0.00006150245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993717,0.00018056354,0.00015484725,0.000073881834,0.00017493193,0.000044057913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002802249,0.0004187817,0.0003337363,0.0002920598,0.0002916716,0.00044273687,0.00021143693,0.00028554787,0.0008764058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010531824,0.0001796737,0.0003595851,0.00041563995,0.00020907837,0.00040452622,0.00024038603,0.00018465423,0.00020477598],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022482891,0.000031817533,0.0022384075,0.00010733893,0.000014243584,0.00016076412,0.00006382107,0.002165358,0.98831815,0.00004884659,0.00007056686,0.006555912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009326266,0.0013718322,0.029516388,0.000014401063,0.0000561855,0.00028199397,0.00014232479,0.005076332,0.9617036,0.00003441994,0.0017695681,0.000023610657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010242494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014317081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010242494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018706595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001534415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029318333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081319673","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2014.07.016","title":"Investigation of turbidity effect on exergetic performance of solar ponds","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbidity; Solar pond; Environmental science; Solar energy; Exergy; Environmental engineering; Turbidity current; Atmospheric sciences; Hydrology (agriculture); Waste management; Oceanography; Ecology; Engineering; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Geomorphology; Biology","score_opus":0.012162212312254193,"score_gpt":0.22158596114362059,"score_spread":0.20942374883136639,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081319673","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981669,0.00014753312,0.0008566249,0.000011866003,0.000007792119,0.000006755811,0.000051202478,0.000010578167,0.00074087555],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998497,0.00011586014,0.00052031735,0.0000069104613,0.000002261357,0.00000420061,0.000048836817,0.000004656166,0.0007998239],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979943,0.000027682203,0.000010752206,0.0000260423,0.00010154256,0.00003455668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997129,0.00010586173,0.00003733378,0.000020257932,0.000100367135,0.00002333262],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034297927,0.00016815624,0.0002234072,0.00017056886,0.00027923888,0.00029388207,0.00021349697,0.00020449112,0.0010728131],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005548119,0.000116553674,0.00027212244,0.00021331912,0.00024631174,0.00033422568,0.00023017795,0.00031967196,0.00014776672],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063682394,0.00009099287,0.004437875,0.000090816364,0.000013386578,0.00006452065,0.00009406359,0.0010506423,0.9876507,0.00013153518,0.00004722116,0.005691404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007574193,0.00039570988,0.00881443,0.0000031135366,0.000011683877,0.000028851791,0.00006463046,0.0026039085,0.9877402,0.000028641956,0.0002960741,0.0000051773127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010614631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014197999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010728131,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022922372,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022201466,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035889745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082091563","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.022","title":"Air humidification–dehumidification for a water desalination system using solar energy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Mass transfer; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Air mass (solar energy); Solar energy; Fresh water; Mass flow; Solar desalination; Engineering; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.048342215545530746,"score_gpt":0.31933967248328693,"score_spread":0.2709974569377562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082091563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97699636,0.00055097253,0.018364534,0.00014608992,0.00008016281,0.00008366994,0.00008667858,0.00026463383,0.0034269802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886592,0.0002383733,0.006919157,0.000034635166,0.00002101747,0.000024483841,0.00007330859,0.000026149006,0.0040037655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999274,0.000005517498,0.000004937766,0.000020311576,0.000029571325,0.000012373426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999571,0.000012266066,0.0000074792915,0.000006273174,0.000010365169,0.0000065268273],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013157079,0.00022577448,0.00027805878,0.00015837023,0.00051839586,0.00027320386,0.00032958004,0.00021979866,0.0022142658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011120257,0.0001663846,0.00021515119,0.000111491376,0.00017798478,0.00043404714,0.00027621372,0.00042274155,0.0003457913],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016257053,0.000042369968,0.0004772908,0.000072397655,0.000006311304,0.00004734056,0.00004728993,0.00038937217,0.9849342,0.00016920372,0.00011186958,0.01353959],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000133979765,0.000073897536,0.0010100716,0.0000013540357,0.000005937372,0.000039554576,0.000013042906,0.0019217293,0.99526644,0.000028712118,0.0016225752,0.0000033157446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014550159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022891513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022142658,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002381933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028350495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007407427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091770364","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2004.02.018","title":"Numerical study of transient heat and mass transfer and stability in a salt-gradient solar pond","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université de Moncton","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solar pond; Salinity; Environmental science; Temperature gradient; Transient (computer programming); Heat transfer; Mechanics; Instability; Work (physics); Mass transfer; Atmospheric sciences; Daytime; Stability (learning theory); Temperature salinity diagrams; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Meteorology; Geology; Solar energy; Physics; Oceanography","score_opus":0.036401175654431,"score_gpt":0.31829631069272984,"score_spread":0.2818951350382988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091770364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845495,0.00011754443,0.006638443,0.00035204308,0.00004827603,0.000039380415,0.0001247158,0.00011531412,0.008014787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982173,0.000021802764,0.0006696132,0.000017732453,0.000005377266,0.000011107253,0.00002554964,0.000008978772,0.0010225418],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998882,0.000022567652,0.0000068223344,0.000022718657,0.000023536708,0.00003622349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992187,0.000463291,0.00006609037,0.000046411107,0.000100410936,0.00010505008],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034012247,0.00032043908,0.00083126914,0.000517763,0.0013399662,0.0011441192,0.00083083677,0.0017941855,0.0026806262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016751854,0.0003625543,0.00062148756,0.00051037566,0.0018308609,0.0008221728,0.0008106746,0.00080610625,0.00015107203],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029615648,0.00017997486,0.004791089,0.00006263253,0.000030247767,0.0004247743,0.000119446646,0.9817716,0.007020045,0.0027400015,0.00035168813,0.002212325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002774229,0.000038508457,0.0008877833,0.0000025581937,0.0000055372775,0.000013453603,0.000049931645,0.99805284,0.00061082805,0.00023254157,0.0000707481,0.0000075604307],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.019908244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0074192616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019908244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012908198,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010088332,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.039584756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114609508","doi":"10.3968/j.est.1923847920110102.002","title":"Increase in Distillate Productivity by Inclining the Flat Plate Reflector of a Tilted-Wick Solar Still in Summer","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy science and technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reflector (photography); Solstice; Solar still; Solar desalination; Optics; Distillation; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Materials science; Physics; Latitude; Desalination; Light source; Chemistry; Astronomy","score_opus":0.03488172079486121,"score_gpt":0.2895607348006998,"score_spread":0.2546790140058386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114609508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891963,0.000034407363,0.009734414,0.000009053759,0.000005497748,0.000005955906,0.00008777333,0.00010921744,0.00081747177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99737406,0.000025070423,0.002233857,0.0000014477656,6.78122e-7,0.0000026152322,0.000052497646,0.000008201557,0.0003015116],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999311,0.0000048444126,0.000002803918,0.000016769782,0.000027832562,0.000016697362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999899,0.00003468725,0.000019124504,0.000013086519,0.000022155446,0.000011933732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011979626,0.00031738076,0.0002520973,0.00020100415,0.00016460069,0.00030066966,0.00028247567,0.0002445574,0.0009499155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019648216,0.0001740071,0.00048880273,0.0002910702,0.00020899047,0.0003693484,0.00014720911,0.00019146762,0.0001785583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00068043324,0.00009000802,0.03234034,0.00017029578,0.00007523177,0.00042029118,0.00012684647,0.247479,0.6966461,0.00061440957,0.00018583002,0.021171313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039506045,0.0005144819,0.056097317,0.0000069588823,0.00005434061,0.00018023141,0.00012583286,0.5125772,0.42926952,0.00023111382,0.0008671362,0.000036334473],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042430395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042130286,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042430395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045706012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024062039,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00843668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2121630066","doi":"10.1109/epec.2009.5420379","title":"Energy saving by using newly designed automated solar powered evaporative air cooler (ASPEAC)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"","keywords":"Evaporative cooler; Environmental science; Solar energy; Humidity; Current (fluid); Solar powered; Efficient energy use; Power (physics); Meteorology; Automotive engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.02828486267871211,"score_gpt":0.30044630329344,"score_spread":0.2721614406147279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2121630066","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8431206,0.0007464958,0.15060373,0.00008037151,0.00012771122,0.00013326186,0.0002775284,0.0012215934,0.003688697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92314005,0.0002440365,0.071968645,0.000034534783,0.000056591656,0.00008156538,0.00020641621,0.00006303298,0.004205156],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997646,0.000025520907,0.000013243166,0.00006399834,0.00011213768,0.000020490379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997335,0.00005726156,0.000062341525,0.000044329317,0.0000874935,0.0000150847645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000207917,0.0002826203,0.0004025896,0.0003631465,0.00026303134,0.0003463984,0.0005807174,0.00024202897,0.0012755333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033675818,0.00017119323,0.00029863845,0.00025514042,0.00019306714,0.00044039905,0.00020943632,0.0003113799,0.00022428053],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028860898,0.00012418222,0.0030025686,0.00030040162,0.000031961776,0.0001241713,0.00009352085,0.0032856879,0.9368494,0.0006127498,0.00074640184,0.054540373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000062240535,0.0008749143,0.012499864,0.000012334251,0.0000958928,0.00057385804,0.000028821085,0.030730475,0.9389721,0.00015896499,0.015946848,0.000043650052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041263644,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007484644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012755333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019301871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021926158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042670965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126611267","doi":"10.1093/ijlct/cts052","title":"Energy efficiency assessment of integrated and nonintegrated solar ponds","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Yükseköğretim Kurulu; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Position (finance); Environmental science; Solar powered; Solar energy; Measure (data warehouse); Maximum temperature; Energy (signal processing); Atmospheric sciences; Mathematics; Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Statistics; Database","score_opus":0.0157451597112676,"score_gpt":0.3063882616998379,"score_spread":0.2906431019885703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2126611267","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98893857,0.00017296542,0.009436193,0.000008050365,0.000007736108,0.000024121944,0.00011188029,0.00008507014,0.0012153123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962656,0.000081030725,0.0028490967,0.000004875843,0.0000015531058,0.000014802544,0.00010634825,0.000013760851,0.00066295743],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944836,0.00003755505,0.000026772559,0.0000968484,0.0003351663,0.000055275945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968326,0.00005707006,0.000035107405,0.00004751912,0.00015344392,0.000023547911],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033057792,0.00028615317,0.00056335254,0.00039220214,0.00025553457,0.00053478737,0.00049426086,0.0002801789,0.0009584931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006271226,0.00016699113,0.00030079583,0.0006197745,0.00030211528,0.0005928882,0.00041511233,0.00026914998,0.00023782793],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008980116,0.00028613626,0.016971273,0.0003428472,0.000080098536,0.00023495728,0.00011210976,0.017218597,0.90790135,0.00043698863,0.00018972265,0.055327956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000043364154,0.00080560544,0.042590607,0.000016295278,0.000079861115,0.0001524857,0.00015895173,0.044223282,0.9093911,0.000313717,0.0022025213,0.000022210854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00086884946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018619081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009584931,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042877867,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029015975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032064915},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2158891442","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-04681-5_74","title":"Investigation of Turbidity Effect on Energy Transmission in a Solar Pond","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbidity; Environmental science; Transmission (telecommunications); Solar energy; Turbidity current; Solar pond; Energy (signal processing); Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Computer science; Telecommunications; Engineering; Oceanography; Electrical engineering; Geomorphology; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.029755728997569054,"score_gpt":0.2577614110947261,"score_spread":0.22800568209715705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2158891442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97300804,0.0014078222,0.008824369,0.00009890867,0.000055748354,0.000024246287,0.0002336004,0.000093478346,0.0162537],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98409295,0.00081125466,0.0032830618,0.000026415713,0.000009369664,0.000010803378,0.000100668454,0.000024241901,0.011641235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998982,0.000013154087,0.0000030907097,0.000019674311,0.00005564867,0.000010182058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998629,0.00007596196,0.000014667856,0.000009509811,0.000031073414,0.000005788525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014593436,0.00011455174,0.00016145017,0.00015493849,0.00026261964,0.00021376277,0.00033855767,0.00019741924,0.0016324766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001906826,0.00012051328,0.0002272968,0.0002816866,0.00022690228,0.00036008641,0.00018663604,0.00040779405,0.00023238242],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036982342,0.00014729229,0.0042567654,0.00025120628,0.000017171484,0.000352166,0.0003704203,0.0024181844,0.96478367,0.0014348667,0.0005843345,0.02501412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012445112,0.00047417128,0.016010161,0.000014683042,0.000029728155,0.00023868331,0.000280381,0.010634834,0.96952564,0.00043455797,0.0023262964,0.000018401579],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092504366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011784463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016324766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022933827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015433761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005461216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2169225860","doi":"10.6000/1927-5129.2013.09.78","title":"Using Vapor Generation Equipment to Create Artificial Rain: The Design and Function of a New System","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Water vapor; Meteorology; Precipitation; Economic shortage; Water scarcity; Solar energy; Agriculture; Engineering; Geography; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.1593198993906165,"score_gpt":0.3203694674359725,"score_spread":0.161049568045356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2169225860","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.15599202,0.0013776275,0.81638205,0.0003812069,0.00036326365,0.00043997762,0.00016759921,0.0030426239,0.021853644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.746502,0.00093662273,0.23631544,0.00015238544,0.00015315689,0.00029426615,0.00014616952,0.00009644296,0.015403424],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977285,0.00003055911,0.00001469881,0.000052906507,0.00010726403,0.000021723248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987495,0.000017231028,0.00002053243,0.000018431869,0.000054113607,0.00001472783],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016891702,0.0002824711,0.00027993595,0.00031848592,0.00024356098,0.00045574404,0.00078776316,0.0003914978,0.0016615188],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000183632,0.00019148277,0.00026081532,0.00016879641,0.00023014701,0.00066258595,0.0003640852,0.00021989467,0.00055938907],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023285382,0.00013229933,0.0035491104,0.0010098574,0.00007975425,0.0007427739,0.00032582416,0.015662117,0.731694,0.009907926,0.0031356323,0.23352784],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017619556,0.0029284083,0.013459073,0.00015429729,0.00025844347,0.0032821666,0.00018849505,0.245144,0.5104458,0.0019351639,0.22190213,0.00012585393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035135687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039594038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016615188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023524076,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023995552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005558312},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173483078","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.10.040","title":"Experimental performance of bubble column humidifier and dehumidifier under varying pressure","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Materials science; Bar (unit); Bubble; Mass transfer; Atmospheric pressure; Heat transfer; Superficial velocity; Mechanics; Heat transfer coefficient; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Meteorology","score_opus":0.04033501575070036,"score_gpt":0.3030421753015885,"score_spread":0.26270715955088814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2173483078","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936465,0.00049355614,0.003537614,0.00008688319,0.00006380294,0.00006182235,0.00057394616,0.0002304993,0.0013053726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924722,0.00057092286,0.0042284736,0.000056077824,0.000036223006,0.0000941171,0.0005261801,0.000055174096,0.0019608096],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995097,0.000044326156,0.00002884919,0.00011732819,0.00016471944,0.0001351421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950516,0.00019706746,0.000044192322,0.000056417717,0.00014603027,0.00005110091],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041222575,0.0005781645,0.00047795498,0.00023671807,0.0008147477,0.00032327403,0.0007859209,0.00080551195,0.0029115635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007496322,0.00034910627,0.0002914195,0.00029078173,0.00041540526,0.0006392987,0.00034256262,0.0006322547,0.00054367847],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005036368,0.00007846173,0.00031665104,0.000092597526,0.000010478988,0.000033084903,0.00007213931,0.00019901078,0.99644583,0.00004165482,0.00009963668,0.0021068475],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011214355,0.00017158617,0.0010879121,0.0000019238796,0.000008448917,0.000012722287,0.000023716555,0.00041346828,0.99793136,0.000007900547,0.0003244544,0.0000052896535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002411363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00248668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029115635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036215413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050944753,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009740174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2174394851","doi":"10.1038/srep16798","title":"Bioinspired Breathable Architecture for Water Harvesting","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Durham University; Newcastle University","keywords":"Thuja; Macro; Computer science; Voltage droop; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Botany; Biology; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0571496025654862,"score_gpt":0.29827931608145886,"score_spread":0.24112971351597265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2174394851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94100827,0.0022129093,0.04624914,0.00017067835,0.00017417003,0.00005545312,0.00034472402,0.00046305102,0.0093214465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97883373,0.0006711612,0.016667813,0.00005141716,0.000015018158,0.000034382643,0.0001516138,0.000021182494,0.003553515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999734,0.000002605099,0.0000013210639,0.0000069413086,0.000009893977,0.0000058751175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999745,0.000004829727,0.000006050289,0.000004654423,0.0000045867096,0.0000053621607],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000029138439,0.00017754712,0.00009911813,0.00012548533,0.00010171321,0.00020561826,0.0002477031,0.00026262915,0.0008022074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060081442,0.000084600055,0.000119231685,0.00009131035,0.00010656444,0.00020122872,0.0001694392,0.00025067816,0.00029054092],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010746886,0.0000107910055,0.00008135459,0.000054498338,0.0000042104916,0.00006865322,0.0000122033,0.00067312614,0.994477,0.00048625775,0.00010327923,0.004017902],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001597364,0.0003975077,0.002091087,0.000017658727,0.000020948391,0.00031731153,0.00006162714,0.0143983895,0.9663816,0.00062805606,0.015649537,0.000020204285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017174389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061002054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008022074,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001432006,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006104348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026836991},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2175552343","doi":"10.1115/ipack2013-73106","title":"Effect of Meniscus Recession on the Effective Pore Radius and Capillary Pumping of Copper Metal Foams","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Capillary action; Materials science; Meniscus; Evaporation; RADIUS; Capillary pressure; Composite material; Metal foam; Thermal conduction; Porous medium; Thermocouple; Mechanics; Porosity; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.00989931293400207,"score_gpt":0.27185605639990157,"score_spread":0.2619567434658995,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2175552343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983286,0.00036360227,0.0009169197,0.000015616883,0.000006459794,0.000010421657,0.000059395174,0.000037906946,0.00026093257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984256,0.0001886385,0.0010069493,0.0000102407475,0.0000030443907,0.000013782376,0.000053071704,0.000017129003,0.0002814726],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946386,0.000057036425,0.000033260487,0.00010569596,0.00021760474,0.00012265332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984863,0.0007556145,0.0003411289,0.00011577594,0.00023022029,0.00007092599],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048717397,0.00038042545,0.00050017994,0.0001942554,0.0002467941,0.00032319175,0.00032202978,0.0002910283,0.0010242659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016351475,0.0002340086,0.00021857546,0.00025151824,0.00048718354,0.00047627022,0.00027563077,0.00044647412,0.00017487134],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025535584,0.000019417734,0.00029166834,0.000051576142,0.0000049374485,0.000054708293,0.00006605194,0.00026028304,0.9971131,0.000022700351,0.000014909348,0.0018452415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036089277,0.00027950067,0.0016186885,0.000002525013,0.00000521629,0.000027611419,0.000023829285,0.0007138444,0.9971097,0.0000063258726,0.00020446329,0.0000046931145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007200979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007216653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010242659,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022940432,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018158596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034265518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178418470","doi":"10.1115/es2009-90346","title":"Investigation of Reverse Thermosyphoning in an Indirect SDHW System","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thermosiphon; Thermal energy storage; Heat exchanger; Storage tank; Thermal; Thermal energy; Environmental science; Mechanics; Pressure drop; Natural circulation; Nuclear engineering; Energy storage; Natural convection; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Heat transfer; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.048947743929347455,"score_gpt":0.28770683162729405,"score_spread":0.2387590876979466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2178418470","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951792,0.000048297363,0.004153979,0.000014832584,0.0000042401175,0.00001395829,0.000028597973,0.000045439203,0.0005114871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978739,0.000035020075,0.0015141607,0.0000057201155,0.0000019469267,0.0000071134505,0.000027313541,0.0000063958355,0.00052856933],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984396,0.000026971657,0.000010779976,0.000026236134,0.00006289905,0.00002917046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959713,0.00020302458,0.000050074956,0.000043595333,0.0000853058,0.00002084101],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038571304,0.00018949505,0.00038612747,0.00019990288,0.00027074956,0.00042014767,0.00027837258,0.00027616633,0.0018018916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007654972,0.00014496643,0.00020697016,0.0001479764,0.00043141143,0.0005167533,0.0004116791,0.0002570253,0.00025047458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00076353905,0.00019163407,0.013783587,0.00031567077,0.000028261982,0.00041254278,0.0003719709,0.011588456,0.935651,0.0005626074,0.00013893812,0.036191806],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000053541113,0.0016033744,0.014065945,0.000022315742,0.000037661503,0.000328814,0.00025953818,0.078434065,0.9036663,0.00023896055,0.0012644503,0.000024961435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008598161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010150026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018018916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024286602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028313327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060278773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2220028004","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-7588-0_55","title":"Integrated Coal Power Plant and Cu–Cl Water Splitting Cycle for Greenhouse Gases Reduction","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Reduction (mathematics); Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Coal; Greenhouse; Power station; Waste management; Agronomy; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Ecology; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.03325871658265459,"score_gpt":0.26101763577456666,"score_spread":0.22775891919191207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2220028004","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.024247406,0.06266336,0.11395165,0.0010470954,0.0017947471,0.00016750793,0.0005322158,0.0009914376,0.7946046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.11948692,0.031787593,0.039874643,0.00043039236,0.00021525151,0.000106642314,0.00062455796,0.00028304665,0.807191],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994063,0.000003037477,0.0000012777375,0.000012489633,0.000035059762,0.000007474662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99999,0.000002103372,6.7184556e-7,0.0000014807727,0.000004742849,9.761591e-7],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055326396,0.00046714567,0.00024664638,0.00043831795,0.0003575411,0.00049609767,0.00046586563,0.00045268767,0.012617498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004152223,0.00019748625,0.00029311646,0.000760701,0.00020564493,0.0008981485,0.00036728373,0.0007031883,0.00307072],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089614936,0.00015121029,0.0002096656,0.0011211929,0.000023475866,0.00022051505,0.00015985983,0.0039211223,0.07507745,0.08113732,0.05192882,0.7859597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009374264,0.00007352609,0.0007703099,0.0001769261,0.000018225803,0.00046418275,0.000081718834,0.0050773807,0.05800851,0.016294144,0.9190071,0.000018555536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017782917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052285986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012617498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005794256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045491807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.042209744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2268223748","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_19","title":"Performance Comparison of Sodium and Magnesium Chloride-Saturated Solar Ponds","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Magnesium; Sodium; Solar energy; Chloride; Thermocouple; Mineralogy; Materials science; Chemistry; Composite material; Metallurgy; Ecology","score_opus":0.07081637406722088,"score_gpt":0.3062117323089165,"score_spread":0.23539535824169563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2268223748","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9782745,0.0012742293,0.010354827,0.00008462626,0.000072134666,0.000058730588,0.0006344722,0.00076229725,0.008484202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890049,0.0005143502,0.0032011345,0.000029589946,0.0000059459803,0.000016113492,0.0002903242,0.000039443494,0.0068982975],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996164,0.00004573112,0.000021800199,0.000059698064,0.0002142364,0.00004212836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996159,0.00008530057,0.000023492537,0.000036399833,0.0002087025,0.000030282847],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045284393,0.00022059353,0.0004634161,0.00028898337,0.00043986057,0.0005891341,0.00084909186,0.00039722183,0.00316313],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006888171,0.00017979111,0.0004022902,0.0004384063,0.00022716809,0.0006160916,0.00043988446,0.0001926767,0.0009688695],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028818145,0.00020163543,0.005924434,0.00065607025,0.00006410268,0.00012384768,0.000208307,0.009786761,0.88914037,0.0005987078,0.0020532887,0.08836058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057339425,0.0011498658,0.007001923,0.000021796324,0.000067697474,0.000103938546,0.00015337334,0.019247293,0.9666332,0.00018736596,0.0053519798,0.000024345676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027006175,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052873064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00316313,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005915975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005542297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010581732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2269129725","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_18","title":"Investigation of Heat Storage Performance of a Solar Pond with Potassium Chloride","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Potassium; Thermal energy storage; Solar pond; Environmental science; Materials science; Nuclear engineering; Meteorology; Chemistry; Waste management; Electrical engineering; Solar energy; Engineering; Physics; Metallurgy; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.051358643803528586,"score_gpt":0.2509038031495465,"score_spread":0.19954515934601794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2269129725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99668366,0.00041664744,0.000890507,0.000039484137,0.000026800464,0.000015073867,0.00021096731,0.000050296898,0.0016664253],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99756384,0.00019742195,0.0004156095,0.000008324299,0.0000036621136,0.0000045186366,0.00007207912,0.000009696064,0.0017247716],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998604,0.000014885254,0.000010710613,0.000027636674,0.000063026244,0.000023248587],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986434,0.000049112892,0.000013769776,0.000014062574,0.000049316826,0.000009312132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018291605,0.00017076381,0.00032684996,0.00019334623,0.00034909198,0.0003051397,0.00047943296,0.00035075628,0.0014512091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002899045,0.00012797023,0.00038932986,0.00035989578,0.00025271988,0.0005042951,0.00021296612,0.00034010172,0.0003269497],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009543572,0.00011601121,0.002046396,0.00025134336,0.000017946579,0.00017486842,0.00012047782,0.0012855158,0.986315,0.0001379438,0.00027381282,0.008306249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015475898,0.0006398489,0.0055608745,0.000009129013,0.000023592369,0.000098319826,0.00011996549,0.0040112883,0.9886774,0.00004969281,0.00078422885,0.000010293531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014290184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015805418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014512091,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029188942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023092293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048547387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2303440597","doi":"10.1149/ma2015-02/43/1685","title":"Efficient and Stable Silicon-Based Solar Water Splitting Devices","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Water splitting; Silicon; Materials science; Photovoltaic system; Hydrogen; Solar energy; Engineering physics; Solar cell; Nanotechnology; Nanoporous; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Catalysis; Engineering","score_opus":0.03563950469892785,"score_gpt":0.27844007721325403,"score_spread":0.24280057251432619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2303440597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.845716,0.01742663,0.06232205,0.0018443773,0.0010726803,0.00016599387,0.0032202255,0.0014464326,0.0667855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93352383,0.0062503763,0.03629444,0.0003553474,0.00013704292,0.00010227643,0.0012372836,0.00011675278,0.021982621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998933,0.0000044142894,0.0000056506055,0.000027832679,0.000052619205,0.000016286034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996114,0.0000063316206,0.000008471223,0.000004042957,0.000014062246,0.0000059008976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000084363535,0.00023478993,0.00023280844,0.00018030939,0.00016356792,0.00049378286,0.00049405545,0.0005298349,0.0022881038],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000110539164,0.0001649745,0.00015930226,0.00027321064,0.00013534773,0.0007660767,0.0003115961,0.00031074526,0.0011849847],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050561466,0.000040987492,0.00014429635,0.00019560585,0.00001769154,0.00008795827,0.000048009348,0.0006872855,0.97331434,0.003917789,0.0038240396,0.0176715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025959482,0.00014803423,0.0005162298,0.000020801002,0.000016269169,0.00010485414,0.000042451207,0.009024186,0.9603184,0.0006456618,0.029118458,0.00001867651],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016006266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051850535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022881038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032562827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000103644976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007654488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2310636656","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.218","title":"Simulation of transport phenomena in a photo-electrochemical reactor for solar hydrogen production","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Hydrogen; Electrolyte; Flux (metallurgy); Solar energy; Radiative transfer; Electrochemistry; Transport phenomena; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Chemistry; Nuclear engineering; Physics; Optics; Physical chemistry; Electrode; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.02088395372087974,"score_gpt":0.2893338515556328,"score_spread":0.26844989783475304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2310636656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9659781,0.00024674027,0.011960837,0.0007344649,0.00010391546,0.000065918335,0.00036382323,0.00024754397,0.020298673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961505,0.00006407569,0.0014909593,0.000037384143,0.000007960956,0.000029654972,0.00006851228,0.000019194002,0.0021318446],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990654,0.00001992567,0.000003692986,0.000015492087,0.000020839945,0.000033521042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993863,0.00042038024,0.000037383954,0.000028945218,0.0000597969,0.00006710124],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021687425,0.00044359316,0.00073507143,0.0003791239,0.0009902427,0.0008792036,0.0011417685,0.0020944134,0.0057643773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009740244,0.00042479977,0.00066266936,0.00049487414,0.0007210692,0.0006202937,0.00045780136,0.0008588003,0.00023381326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001597273,0.00013990219,0.00096862,0.00004441461,0.000018727635,0.00016948763,0.00004049828,0.992607,0.0025779137,0.0017873211,0.00029168438,0.0011947375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000024573155,0.000026233609,0.0001573038,0.0000020025873,0.00000341095,0.0000068183654,0.000015897094,0.99896336,0.00053605024,0.00018032889,0.00008050231,0.0000034745249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024002327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009319156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024002327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013732426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012556411,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0477252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2323175497","doi":"10.5383/swes.0101.007","title":"Solar Desalination Indirect Heating","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Sustainable Water and Environmental Systems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Salinity; Saline water; Tap water; Solar still; Environmental science; Thermal; Solar desalination; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Waste management; Meteorology; Geology","score_opus":0.007912843009503297,"score_gpt":0.23694329951352097,"score_spread":0.22903045650401768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2323175497","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97881913,0.0003873202,0.014980694,0.00005447293,0.000038776423,0.00012862566,0.00029113205,0.00033619432,0.0049635977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98469216,0.00024907233,0.009454152,0.000022734668,0.000009622462,0.000101707585,0.00020412283,0.000043782537,0.005222615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999796,0.000022263952,0.000008446141,0.00004668374,0.00010247261,0.000024179788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999833,0.000046612065,0.000015143882,0.000034155102,0.0000523569,0.00001880593],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001803701,0.00030345327,0.0004949881,0.00021020172,0.00027918618,0.0002734689,0.0005017443,0.00024503845,0.002807454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025670667,0.00013764754,0.00028932965,0.00025627017,0.00017795253,0.00024231969,0.0003713688,0.00034267188,0.00039021493],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041474128,0.0001635255,0.0030632056,0.00050052354,0.000030937055,0.0001290077,0.00013228196,0.0037308638,0.9452009,0.00034985592,0.0003686396,0.04591553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000046115918,0.000681896,0.0048511196,0.000009156577,0.000024670613,0.00011156377,0.000028071732,0.005316198,0.9836648,0.00008102231,0.00517585,0.000009509427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004281311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005210526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002807454,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023047133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021697993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009391904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2337794853","doi":"10.1002/cjce.22517","title":"Multi‐scale simulation of falling film short‐path distillation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mechanics; Evaporation; Mass transfer; Thermodynamics; Fluent; Scale (ratio); Computer simulation; Physics","score_opus":0.021496423143648483,"score_gpt":0.24712594529879967,"score_spread":0.2256295221551512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2337794853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9669971,0.00011599205,0.02650964,0.00024827727,0.00004502257,0.00006094447,0.00020005538,0.00020323176,0.005619608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99262506,0.000044197048,0.0059886384,0.00003293369,0.000005360703,0.000052341235,0.00009716709,0.000027726232,0.0011266384],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998411,0.0000380304,0.000006548202,0.000024009592,0.00004393181,0.00004631737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991239,0.00056677347,0.00006092541,0.000040782754,0.000108339926,0.00009926795],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039712715,0.00040998094,0.0007691331,0.00037451772,0.0006590073,0.0006704719,0.0009275873,0.0013272926,0.0022219971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001295037,0.00033778712,0.00069398695,0.00041508107,0.00072714937,0.00069547,0.00058734335,0.00081582024,0.00010280799],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006245393,0.00005088405,0.0009898758,0.000023784503,0.00001573036,0.0001067726,0.000030372868,0.9937185,0.0027500484,0.0012652539,0.00009047313,0.00089583907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008242613,0.000011101256,0.00014861689,8.443461e-7,0.0000013845657,0.0000023556527,0.0000040727928,0.9993401,0.00035733735,0.000075234406,0.000048632275,0.0000021714125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02107302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0077605834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02107302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012646243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000985219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.041900694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2344473053","doi":"10.1016/j.lssr.2016.04.001","title":"Root restriction: A tool for improving volume utilization efficiency in bioregenerative life-support systems","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Life Sciences in Space Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Oak Ridge Associated Universities","keywords":"Volume (thermodynamics); Root (linguistics); Environmental science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.16795205044533956,"score_gpt":0.4259339278253697,"score_spread":0.25798187738003014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2344473053","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44760948,0.0015536438,0.53433543,0.00035938004,0.00011216948,0.00014106258,0.0005649751,0.009906619,0.0054173116],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7402656,0.0007454626,0.2510495,0.00014661129,0.00003542827,0.00016362504,0.0006849912,0.0011650326,0.0057437522],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994221,0.000060084294,0.000050613275,0.00016403692,0.0002512005,0.00005205613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988398,0.00044031127,0.0002462988,0.00021690445,0.0002008276,0.0000557635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006547837,0.00072309165,0.00081911916,0.00083971914,0.00046995317,0.0011361246,0.0014422286,0.0005387086,0.003291917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016356207,0.00033546126,0.00039751575,0.00078646065,0.00041838188,0.0014784667,0.00087190804,0.0010333557,0.0011627022],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002519097,0.000113682734,0.0006608763,0.00019990794,0.000013371352,0.00003476272,0.00008336973,0.0038450323,0.9238782,0.0009014928,0.0004077128,0.06960972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027327063,0.0001960059,0.0007489705,0.000013869048,0.00004568102,0.00006466967,0.0000378045,0.022682361,0.9705386,0.0005294682,0.0050878096,0.000027403685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000797556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011590327,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003291917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034511913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000609006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011012495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2415106235","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.03.011","title":"CFD modeling of humidification dehumidification distillation process","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","keywords":"Mechanics; Desalination; Adiabatic process; Distillation; Work (physics); Natural convection; Volumetric flow rate; Mass flow rate; Convection; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.048903937829702496,"score_gpt":0.325433949788913,"score_spread":0.2765300119592105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2415106235","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5888164,0.0025032258,0.23391125,0.0017015224,0.00074293924,0.00038950628,0.0019916985,0.00091054826,0.16903293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96653414,0.00071862777,0.008493309,0.00010084658,0.000050447266,0.00013422336,0.0003433921,0.00005813487,0.02356681],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987876,0.000018428109,0.0000069691255,0.000023905535,0.000040866496,0.00003114529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981946,0.000086441614,0.000020689064,0.000011496479,0.000045147717,0.000016729255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016843548,0.0005079916,0.0008232716,0.00036714584,0.00075460406,0.0010172966,0.00088146963,0.0014490003,0.0051628873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055007497,0.0004182559,0.0007060533,0.00037424898,0.00048529252,0.0006365405,0.0005939841,0.00069281633,0.0005039297],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006433468,0.000045489527,0.00069626985,0.00007429612,0.000011598717,0.00013583421,0.000042915563,0.98592305,0.0046772817,0.003679297,0.0004108102,0.0042387275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012943775,0.000012338415,0.00023828747,0.000003990575,0.000003326304,0.0000116052925,0.000009439977,0.99729973,0.0014848841,0.00023469073,0.00068370515,0.0000051715656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033917427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010156299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033917427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009893639,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014015576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06744003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2418997259","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.048","title":"Effects of water and basin depths in single basin solar stills: An experimental and theoretical study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Solar still; Distillation; Environmental science; Structural basin; Hydrology (agriculture); Yield (engineering); Meteorology; Desalination; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Geography; Materials science","score_opus":0.009345687844382871,"score_gpt":0.2446267192293096,"score_spread":0.23528103138492673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2418997259","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987332,0.000027108106,0.00067583553,0.00000952344,0.0000021350827,0.000005605727,0.00003738123,0.000007735409,0.0005014797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996371,0.000026257962,0.000117406045,0.000002032109,7.210099e-7,0.000003010724,0.000011101771,0.0000029460225,0.0001995427],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998851,0.0000219036,0.000004437535,0.00002749458,0.000023677929,0.00003739723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992791,0.00051994406,0.000049988033,0.00004886817,0.000060750644,0.00004131692],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022670333,0.00024318624,0.00037414965,0.00018818837,0.0004349948,0.000343663,0.00042872882,0.00041906405,0.003214511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008301095,0.00023509233,0.0003075395,0.0002936353,0.0008513405,0.00078700914,0.00039145545,0.0002955877,0.00013391071],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0048820847,0.0011816585,0.022901049,0.0003196849,0.00007915863,0.00060177624,0.0006692932,0.14900929,0.79676694,0.0029359644,0.00027495783,0.020378185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040184398,0.0046323957,0.103269964,0.00002411287,0.00021490459,0.00013305264,0.0016379004,0.4713136,0.41531295,0.0020389967,0.0009326972,0.00008760375],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0068764696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052403524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0068764696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052946206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031617575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013672888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2483479849","doi":"10.6000/1929-6037.2016.05.02.4","title":"Filtering Brackish Water by Photovoltaic-Powered Membrane","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"City University of Hong Kong","keywords":"Brackish water; Ammonia; Salinity; Total dissolved solids; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Ecology","score_opus":0.012174320568895341,"score_gpt":0.2769665334156894,"score_spread":0.26479221284679405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2483479849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9905077,0.0008827775,0.0070923227,0.00009575018,0.000035655718,0.000020865204,0.000106310144,0.00006691622,0.0011916321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99203134,0.0008871152,0.005303131,0.000067214896,0.000010655447,0.00001964451,0.00012273395,0.000009786226,0.001548346],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998801,0.000012603067,0.000007571926,0.00002314732,0.000057179856,0.00001931572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999546,0.000008531096,0.00000846009,0.00000420673,0.000019080642,0.0000051124202],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011713997,0.0002441625,0.00036101518,0.00016466646,0.0002911632,0.00023743078,0.00025858934,0.0004483547,0.00072913914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001604979,0.00010847075,0.0004136689,0.00022736267,0.00010341366,0.00040345849,0.00019910546,0.00021826952,0.00021332115],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002131966,0.0000059650047,0.000238329,0.000042432865,0.000005048953,0.00004547608,0.00000938572,0.00008434284,0.9971578,0.000030373387,0.00002556886,0.0023341002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000072528105,0.00021136938,0.003274796,0.0000069624457,0.000021337963,0.00013667182,0.000031339332,0.0015193332,0.9932748,0.00005482141,0.0014510202,0.000010340046],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016255713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022122166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016255713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020037843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018643719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032323003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2543119225","doi":"10.1002/aenm.201601811","title":"Synthesis of Black TiO<i><sub>x</sub></i> Nanoparticles by Mg Reduction of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanocrystals and their Application for Solar Water Evaporation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Energy Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":411,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Distilled water; Aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Contact angle; Nanotechnology; Composite material","score_opus":0.009213629927522555,"score_gpt":0.23072539130543193,"score_spread":0.22151176137790937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2543119225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97719795,0.0012517229,0.01599145,0.00010568224,0.00006505407,0.00006778702,0.0001879858,0.0003037117,0.004828713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9791894,0.0006540955,0.01480817,0.00006137171,0.000010149222,0.000057557303,0.00014932588,0.00007522081,0.004994715],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992824,0.0000046216537,0.000005614983,0.000020149799,0.000027319624,0.0000141162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999355,0.0000074989994,0.000028172855,0.0000053812646,0.000013085312,0.000010338233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007705119,0.0003687072,0.0002189459,0.00014502146,0.000108312925,0.00027389944,0.0002420562,0.00046308362,0.00082992564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001080066,0.00024990283,0.00024935708,0.00007286038,0.00019304652,0.00022396086,0.00018064289,0.00024011549,0.00032106505],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012740992,0.0000033713102,0.000020426425,0.000016121674,0.0000019816246,0.00001150538,0.0000051524135,0.000050015806,0.99936813,0.00003167067,0.000015784273,0.00046308065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041563203,0.000032179072,0.00029862174,0.0000015614394,0.0000046559458,0.00002500167,0.000004267804,0.00058791623,0.9985917,0.000011171035,0.00043625484,0.0000024688306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005670532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009078654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00082992564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027360034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000115418814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027763844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2555608521","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.11.047","title":"Energy transfer and energy saving potentials of air-to-air membrane energy exchanger for ventilation in cold climates","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy and Buildings","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Norges Forskningsråd","keywords":"Heat exchanger; Environmental science; Sensible heat; Heat transfer; Moisture; Energy consumption; Mass transfer; Ventilation (architecture); Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Mechanics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Geography; Geology","score_opus":0.01622707244373874,"score_gpt":0.2540458421024343,"score_spread":0.23781876965869556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2555608521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99184966,0.0015615126,0.0038569637,0.0001512322,0.000033731307,0.00000876473,0.000060829894,0.000021935484,0.0024554152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980981,0.00035601974,0.0004299922,0.000009484827,0.000008287612,0.0000056785057,0.000028409513,0.0000043664645,0.001059652],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998828,0.000032620763,0.0000042243655,0.000021126807,0.000026800728,0.00003239482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991417,0.000034794095,0.000008427121,0.00000603314,0.000027921018,0.000008679548],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041976495,0.0002355597,0.0003253031,0.0003357407,0.00046760676,0.00054247497,0.00034649798,0.0004200351,0.001828331],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026320896,0.0001027002,0.0005071597,0.00021919173,0.0003534846,0.0012068892,0.00039360204,0.0004056664,0.00035176388],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022093998,0.0002773261,0.0039481656,0.00029359796,0.000043709708,0.00015615058,0.00014811079,0.010387621,0.95024437,0.004474643,0.0003544365,0.02746254],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041310817,0.0007494922,0.0062092706,0.000021128677,0.000064290245,0.000089573776,0.0002892034,0.03724277,0.9517746,0.0010740609,0.0024221642,0.000022154494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082891673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00092655787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001828331,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040873728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021191608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00611639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2557026393","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2016.09.034","title":"Integration of renewable energy based multigeneration system with desalination","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Flashing; Renewable energy; Exergy; Solar energy; Geothermal gradient; Geothermal power; Geothermal energy; Ocean thermal energy conversion; Process engineering; Environmental science; Thermal energy; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Exergy efficiency; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.024407439248088764,"score_gpt":0.2606600973917889,"score_spread":0.23625265814370014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2557026393","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7752632,0.0012561477,0.19158256,0.00030483663,0.00025903367,0.00020648893,0.00032950751,0.0023756714,0.028422639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9785655,0.00021137676,0.015715605,0.00002914056,0.000022349426,0.000049010807,0.000098934994,0.000020682422,0.005287295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998566,0.000019787238,0.0000091864,0.00003839175,0.00005391882,0.000022103919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999219,0.000007951307,0.0000075620883,0.00001860349,0.000034627465,0.0000094435645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013091178,0.00037074744,0.00038773296,0.00032619404,0.00041495785,0.00054968137,0.0006363404,0.00037270927,0.0025892153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000110064895,0.00015903151,0.00030337807,0.0003936525,0.00009717914,0.0006497716,0.00042855166,0.00026567472,0.0005603659],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081551966,0.0007666339,0.00798935,0.00044850243,0.00019025712,0.000768007,0.00017067326,0.06391997,0.59610415,0.005327826,0.0023709866,0.32112822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013192641,0.0010646785,0.016250456,0.000049492035,0.00026384715,0.000599035,0.00014681272,0.3538354,0.59026533,0.0037836751,0.033542804,0.00006643528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011080434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022189927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025892153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029968034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003285041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008661807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2560265207","doi":"10.1115/detc2016-59572","title":"Computational Modeling and Field Evaluation of an Innovative Solar Updraft Aeration System for Aquaculture in the Developing World","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Grand Challenges Canada; Government of Canada; United States Agency for International Development","keywords":"Aquaculture; Environmental science; Aeration; Environmental engineering; Fishery; Waste management; Engineering","score_opus":0.09004444330055715,"score_gpt":0.363835622308525,"score_spread":0.27379117900796784,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2560265207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9554564,0.00027614366,0.020364199,0.0005923054,0.00008846221,0.00018854112,0.0007130738,0.00020083116,0.022120032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911145,0.000103007704,0.005865878,0.000046447847,0.000007706717,0.00008310849,0.00020611101,0.000016040914,0.0025572306],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998716,0.00003102696,0.000006038599,0.000021723901,0.00003314357,0.00003635811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996309,0.00020895778,0.000032224914,0.000015476258,0.00006890801,0.000043567175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003185032,0.0005587895,0.0006676189,0.00041471602,0.0008825647,0.0011891536,0.0007240774,0.0013268908,0.0025475104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006714202,0.00028071555,0.0006497824,0.00033073773,0.00069197465,0.00049638597,0.0006532188,0.0007255604,0.00018543657],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085621854,0.00011088802,0.0024997774,0.00004842731,0.000010060794,0.00014170854,0.000037776965,0.9925276,0.0014881261,0.0005758401,0.00030974345,0.0021643064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019767522,0.000077056626,0.00066186866,0.000003892656,0.0000039931247,0.000008224313,0.00005606016,0.998348,0.000464485,0.00010954045,0.00024120799,0.0000058486203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024698254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014839071,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024698254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008935955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011429829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.049108982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2586044811","doi":"10.1039/c6ra26286d","title":"Facile polypyrrole thin film coating on polypropylene membrane for efficient solar-driven interfacial water evaporation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RSC Advances","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brantford Energy (Canada)","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Polypyrrole; Materials science; Polypropylene; Evaporation; Coating; Chemical engineering; Thin film; Membrane; Composite material; Polymer chemistry; Polymer; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymerization","score_opus":0.03474817460959273,"score_gpt":0.3235854727402268,"score_spread":0.2888372981306341,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2586044811","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7833265,0.008130963,0.1799776,0.0010386165,0.0005444549,0.00033830566,0.0012996853,0.0024171988,0.022926666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9409996,0.0026178854,0.049609926,0.000092106326,0.000038234997,0.00013748718,0.0005455093,0.00008226099,0.005877056],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998215,0.000014164937,0.000014581697,0.000039848426,0.000069160684,0.000040901974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999292,0.00001382458,0.000018498078,0.000013194676,0.00001544485,0.000009780739],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022042343,0.00055860396,0.00020238844,0.0002951912,0.00023165571,0.00020505206,0.00038222957,0.00044339997,0.0018654881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021051342,0.0002978105,0.00032711928,0.0001651744,0.000120519944,0.0004885936,0.00031933447,0.0008216998,0.0009553782],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013833194,0.000016887345,0.00002610803,0.00008164438,0.000004915856,0.00008087632,0.000011590397,0.00008801861,0.99529135,0.00017013912,0.00022804482,0.003986596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000046910745,0.00004539499,0.00026970374,0.0000028916145,0.000004487795,0.00010990467,0.0000054752345,0.001038243,0.99589145,0.000025743593,0.0025966077,0.0000052613805],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039369677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010021816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018654881,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021152325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022840408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006240666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2586549346","doi":"10.1115/imece2016-66286","title":"Design of an Innovative Solar Updraft Aeration System for Fish Ponds in the Developing World Using Thermofluidic Computational Modelling","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung; Grand Challenges Canada; Government of Canada; United States Agency for International Development","keywords":"Aeration; Convection; Mass transfer; Thermal conduction; Environmental science; Volumetric flow rate; Heat transfer; Solar pond; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Mechanics; Meteorology; Solar energy; Engineering; Waste management; Electrical engineering; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.13179733234367977,"score_gpt":0.32998773287315436,"score_spread":0.1981904005294746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2586549346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5232115,0.00027990827,0.46480933,0.00026369886,0.00006297966,0.0003063921,0.00019293476,0.00093048846,0.009942808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8989514,0.00016097682,0.09762713,0.000028308721,0.0000050365,0.00019680793,0.000071013405,0.000030806354,0.0029285338],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999274,0.0000136655,0.0000038450626,0.000018033421,0.000025139545,0.000011898466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999474,0.000014061891,0.000010030986,0.0000058017586,0.000012637823,0.000010092224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016634907,0.0003112262,0.0003820176,0.00021693173,0.0005406255,0.0005696233,0.00049546885,0.00050047465,0.0010828453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016217286,0.00020414338,0.00042085955,0.00013779147,0.00032851004,0.00028380868,0.0004657595,0.0002616724,0.0002022318],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011475168,0.000106393876,0.0042374395,0.0002573761,0.00003718889,0.0003783283,0.00015824696,0.84846777,0.10653077,0.0020371343,0.00046207456,0.03721259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003447407,0.00016235854,0.0012388139,0.000011090061,0.000019603996,0.000057320423,0.00006129132,0.9838431,0.011467262,0.00036435673,0.0027226696,0.000017702898],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003250793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004348165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003250793,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004616413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010082893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006463766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2595706709","doi":"10.1039/c7ta00882a","title":"Microporous cokes formed in zeolite catalysts enable efficient solar evaporation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Zeolite; Microporous material; Evaporation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Porosity; Catalysis; Solar energy; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.021347843032261594,"score_gpt":0.2909712163366772,"score_spread":0.2696233733044156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2595706709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964952,0.0005621336,0.0013254764,0.000026641772,0.000020246027,0.00001683803,0.00009695247,0.00006788536,0.0013886217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983937,0.00018643074,0.000593278,0.000004808582,0.0000030665233,0.000006151373,0.00004333853,0.000009227042,0.00075996167],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999083,0.0000067785527,0.000006698417,0.000017712826,0.000024156136,0.000036339196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987936,0.000024843452,0.000048896407,0.000012402225,0.00001682519,0.000017691416],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009106991,0.00021198235,0.00016336389,0.0002063599,0.00016912573,0.0003930814,0.00014899965,0.0003381375,0.0006886251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021380906,0.00023665174,0.00017632532,0.00012765883,0.00022905417,0.0004117829,0.00021407627,0.0003648425,0.000259116],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076269615,0.000013641604,0.00014831529,0.000042454038,0.0000053359727,0.000043586904,0.0000103451985,0.00011339456,0.9984768,0.00021018527,0.000031458963,0.0008281512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000057379875,0.000033111854,0.0009185948,0.0000022588451,0.000004265635,0.00003388043,0.000009046193,0.00036102496,0.9981053,0.000017846449,0.0005061205,0.0000028143972],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004313035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015695833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006886251,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021745566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015403873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00230366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616916788","doi":"10.11159/htff17.123","title":"A Comprehensive Study of Silicon Micropillar Based Biporous Evaporator","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Silicon; Evaporator; Materials science; Optoelectronics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Heat exchanger","score_opus":0.0191536832689833,"score_gpt":0.2590520698289482,"score_spread":0.23989838655996487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2616916788","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9637843,0.004750252,0.027429711,0.00009994033,0.000035985002,0.000043074284,0.0003789386,0.00026406665,0.0032136817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97788197,0.0027292152,0.016983593,0.000029991934,0.00001810135,0.000043563905,0.0003424375,0.00003369988,0.0019374002],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980336,0.000010702815,0.0000076348615,0.000035824938,0.00011205244,0.000030496461],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984705,0.000039820803,0.000034513276,0.000015602498,0.0000539037,0.000009058859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002067199,0.00021809312,0.0003144137,0.00021756641,0.00020702109,0.00017886041,0.00031655942,0.00039000218,0.00037765593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002552942,0.00019333737,0.00034715992,0.00022464372,0.00013865491,0.00042323812,0.00015695018,0.00022902316,0.00014052982],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029392624,0.000014326461,0.00040427296,0.00030178236,0.000013932107,0.00009052495,0.000032764867,0.0025038938,0.9911588,0.00032412139,0.00012918112,0.004997004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045837237,0.0002980241,0.004117161,0.000015512438,0.000031975804,0.00017457004,0.00003648973,0.025463477,0.9648595,0.000091346505,0.0048828935,0.000024476514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010724952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012197195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010724952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030393244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019614786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022052526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765292159","doi":"10.1115/detc2017-68111","title":"Long-Term Performance Estimation of Aquaculture Solar Aeration System for Developing World","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung; Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete; United States Agency for International Development","keywords":"Aeration; Aquaculture; Environmental science; Sunlight; Solar energy; Electricity; Productivity; Business; Environmental engineering; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Environmental economics; Fishery; Ecology; Engineering; Economics; Biology","score_opus":0.05147359637189233,"score_gpt":0.3308825380562628,"score_spread":0.27940894168437047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765292159","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940479,0.0002962478,0.0041846638,0.00001820333,0.000008252564,0.000010912705,0.00027620522,0.00007198807,0.0010855868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984092,0.00014913197,0.0008142279,0.000003510554,0.0000014198848,0.000008792508,0.00025055275,0.000005934586,0.0003573204],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998369,0.0000151544145,0.000015284855,0.000038733968,0.00007035609,0.000023541179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964297,0.000070480026,0.0000770884,0.000033210847,0.00015928471,0.000016859709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032903693,0.00031827675,0.00028821322,0.0004326647,0.0002898205,0.00029628968,0.0002221705,0.0002925511,0.00061148655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045522588,0.00008387454,0.00036705658,0.00030825665,0.0001156398,0.00037186992,0.00018583765,0.00013944341,0.00025644177],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009621301,0.00045878664,0.26723784,0.0005070214,0.00023339927,0.0005065446,0.00033501684,0.27914485,0.34109956,0.00033688563,0.0013061217,0.10787186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003636852,0.003078789,0.33715743,0.000042909596,0.00026524792,0.00033433217,0.00062157586,0.3309833,0.32334706,0.00027302143,0.003759263,0.00010075945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028634504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003059189,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028634504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043045206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001782815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0056936145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767130429","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2017.21024","title":"Grey water treatment using a solar powered electro-coagulator and vacuum membrane distillation system","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Distillation; Environmental science; Water treatment; Materials science; Waste management; Membrane; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.04184012646751303,"score_gpt":0.30268714504399974,"score_spread":0.26084701857648673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2767130429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923855,0.0006280041,0.005215493,0.000053928197,0.000020410436,0.00003265344,0.00008127096,0.00010096872,0.0014817766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946397,0.00028033715,0.0033004659,0.00002630445,0.000004429488,0.000014099456,0.000051320203,0.000010558373,0.0016729243],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998796,0.000012580677,0.0000065955865,0.000031696727,0.00005539549,0.0000140910615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999961,0.000007955851,0.000010907325,0.000004387165,0.000010321591,0.0000052443734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009623961,0.00028301185,0.00034341178,0.00023935115,0.00018752222,0.00026243017,0.0002447494,0.0003268802,0.00087265566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001096024,0.00012903861,0.0002925305,0.00021612452,0.00014828007,0.00017763585,0.00023489539,0.00022114001,0.0002307112],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039909042,0.000014028296,0.0001554764,0.00004429657,0.0000052972014,0.00004899977,0.000012727069,0.00025294328,0.99663985,0.000038133297,0.00003440076,0.0027138577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008581378,0.00013354186,0.0013920295,0.0000034219106,0.00001276756,0.000060329618,0.000012159224,0.0018906556,0.99526054,0.000018676898,0.0012030209,0.0000043131326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017961065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027719461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017961065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027728127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018840686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035713315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2774497796","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.7b04442","title":"Solar Photothermal Disinfection using Broadband-Light Absorbing Gold Nanoparticles and Carbon Black","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":157,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Nanorod; Nanomaterials; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Absorption (acoustics); Visible spectrum; Carbon fibers; Carbon black; Optoelectronics; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Composite material","score_opus":0.015737981035078445,"score_gpt":0.2634807471756587,"score_spread":0.24774276614058027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2774497796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730661,0.0021221386,0.020086989,0.00016107471,0.000048776335,0.00006104705,0.000053272393,0.00023380936,0.004166948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9779414,0.00087337353,0.017891698,0.000068716334,0.000009903369,0.000033259068,0.00005143823,0.000020549336,0.0031096546],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998399,0.00002128124,0.000007163951,0.00004444308,0.00005997548,0.00002725195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999393,0.000014211099,0.000020741727,0.000007807548,0.000010255638,0.0000077136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016286151,0.00047032826,0.00017395485,0.00023534487,0.00014853323,0.00023216604,0.00030631697,0.0004503669,0.00044643987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015426993,0.00025657797,0.0002493188,0.00010509813,0.00025286715,0.00025788124,0.00026184233,0.00029095923,0.00017431297],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012665189,0.000010352732,0.00004706245,0.000020554515,0.000003096173,0.000013704905,0.000008723771,0.000109908135,0.99841917,0.00007214753,0.000017733808,0.0012649075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020786176,0.000045454406,0.00019730545,0.0000015797342,0.0000036410456,0.000025808922,0.00000433534,0.00061302184,0.99875295,0.000011675383,0.00033999395,0.0000022342206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007187024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001498829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007187024,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033426617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018410063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024252534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784259380","doi":"10.1115/imece2017-72679","title":"Tuning Superhydrophilic Nanostructured Surfaces to Maximize Water Droplet Evaporation Heat Transfer Performance","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Heat transfer; Evaporation; Heat exchanger; Superhydrophilicity; Condenser (optics); Nanoporous; Mass transfer; Wetting; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Optics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03184976919786455,"score_gpt":0.27629244776271117,"score_spread":0.2444426785648466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2784259380","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99046046,0.00020991413,0.008046555,0.000030529438,0.000009884593,0.000016569293,0.00004121488,0.00005123066,0.0011334337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958475,0.0001399654,0.003780973,0.0000074985733,0.0000028184515,0.000011210582,0.000026319318,0.000010488949,0.00017323982],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991226,0.0000064833207,0.0000050064928,0.000018132254,0.000039727733,0.000018369872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998896,0.000047212783,0.000021011456,0.000012341823,0.000023178689,0.0000066606576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015414935,0.00018812396,0.00021336979,0.00013551225,0.00014914776,0.00029452072,0.00024434624,0.0002474161,0.00047565773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037117855,0.00016451972,0.00019317745,0.00010368016,0.00019921978,0.00038375903,0.00019639319,0.00022856289,0.00013040756],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018721856,0.000015709598,0.0002685405,0.000037459235,0.000003891815,0.000016167563,0.000013440476,0.0035650898,0.99453676,0.0001944968,0.000024925828,0.0013047553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007647604,0.00009432177,0.0011883986,0.0000023897442,0.0000063188872,0.000022495551,0.00001897941,0.034253675,0.9638634,0.000086990214,0.00044912484,0.000006250013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000460544,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001173108,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00047565773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036203294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015484101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026267767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790243520","doi":"10.1002/9783527687596.ch6","title":"Bioinspired Microfluidic Cooling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Fluidics; Flexibility (engineering); Wearable computer; Microfluidics; Engineering; Thermal management of electronic devices and systems; Thermal; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Embedded system; Aerospace engineering","score_opus":0.028945141268408196,"score_gpt":0.2926463473016436,"score_spread":0.2637012060332354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790243520","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.069424875,0.38641495,0.28578198,0.0026794525,0.006691854,0.000633947,0.0011122954,0.0029112948,0.2443493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.43081918,0.282108,0.12367556,0.0020537477,0.0020046465,0.0011760374,0.0011181751,0.0004986724,0.15654594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969125,0.0000264267,0.00001643195,0.0000797341,0.00014693219,0.00003918391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999081,0.00003069507,0.000020673897,0.00000959072,0.000022181186,0.000008839143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034369412,0.0006240922,0.0004917941,0.00065754744,0.00043321462,0.00090746325,0.0006960257,0.00077337754,0.008967663],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044358216,0.0003494306,0.0005110404,0.00042655395,0.00042167035,0.00145995,0.0007718593,0.00073883013,0.002876519],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012008942,0.00019477497,0.0003776272,0.00606104,0.00006966913,0.00040372784,0.0002544777,0.006678312,0.5051248,0.059385,0.022651834,0.39867854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025772992,0.00029352153,0.00043672355,0.00041360696,0.00004536988,0.00061286497,0.00005709553,0.008466761,0.37199184,0.0037030524,0.61389434,0.000059015223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025283507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055487035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008967663,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060167816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042040367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.029999852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791519332","doi":"10.1021/acsami.8b01629","title":"Macroporous Double-Network Hydrogel for High-Efficiency Solar Steam Generation Under 1 sun Illumination","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":245,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Solar energy; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Composite material","score_opus":0.03508251474024472,"score_gpt":0.2930889500808934,"score_spread":0.2580064353406487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791519332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9644813,0.0027632639,0.026576798,0.00016037667,0.00008447566,0.000059264556,0.0003258284,0.0004925042,0.0050562383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910746,0.00094435643,0.0065816618,0.00003363084,0.000016033417,0.000029382056,0.000098455916,0.000027316426,0.0011944908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995494,0.000003499941,0.000002820678,0.000013043429,0.000014460248,0.000011176166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999665,0.00000743741,0.000011947793,0.0000025427742,0.000003739601,0.000007933937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006814047,0.00028358796,0.00013814234,0.00012913438,0.00008051675,0.00012564013,0.00013813615,0.00014257738,0.0009282725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007834482,0.00008897158,0.00013236608,0.00009294479,0.00009490848,0.0003623936,0.00017042922,0.00022136152,0.0002184088],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017361706,0.000010606866,0.000028029905,0.000052555817,0.0000021707774,0.000029034878,0.000007760905,0.00019566057,0.99662894,0.00013253622,0.000064284315,0.0028310942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000067035066,0.00007315389,0.00039126613,0.0000033421184,0.0000048399074,0.00006350412,0.0000043227874,0.0021586048,0.99581283,0.000024317573,0.0014525049,0.0000046732503],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022083912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006744948,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009282725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016796139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000125431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003105402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791835606","doi":"10.1039/c8ee00220g","title":"A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Environmental Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":930,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Toronto Public Health","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Solid-State Solar Thermal Energy Conversion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Office of Science; Basic Energy Sciences; Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Desalination; Salt (chemistry); Environmental science; Solar desalination; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01962495891496221,"score_gpt":0.2828663391474843,"score_spread":0.26324138023252214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791835606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88819647,0.0006582118,0.10496217,0.00025978134,0.00014500075,0.00011628749,0.000751359,0.0009646793,0.003946077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93742764,0.00039368155,0.053555205,0.00008122808,0.000024633222,0.00005052414,0.0006772215,0.00008939724,0.007700519],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998921,0.0000026008265,0.0000040799378,0.000031415562,0.000056240704,0.000013522029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992645,0.000006931345,0.000011663923,0.000010980925,0.000028120472,0.000015769341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098093886,0.00041003918,0.00033847775,0.00023042584,0.00035268953,0.00032463792,0.00077222835,0.00037757386,0.0013240775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001041149,0.00015504696,0.00029418117,0.00022492385,0.00021432912,0.0006083411,0.00035871644,0.0005089469,0.00042599888],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033715405,0.000009374991,0.0001481271,0.00003506546,0.0000022902168,0.0000424801,0.000011893013,0.00019614334,0.99336,0.00021217094,0.00012383306,0.0058249882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015287042,0.00020177249,0.0010622245,0.0000033551562,0.00001510384,0.00013750965,0.000014715697,0.004254225,0.98959154,0.000080762846,0.0046103536,0.000013154283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014167913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024111725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014167913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033128148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004151792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004429519},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792932223","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-809597-3.00427-2","title":"4.16 Solar Ponds","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science","score_opus":0.0282997530537777,"score_gpt":0.2752929258846797,"score_spread":0.246993172830902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792932223","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.001383992,0.0074779955,0.00921096,0.00049347454,0.0007810708,0.000045958997,0.00033030778,0.0005400473,0.9797362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0075136987,0.0057807765,0.005179078,0.00025975413,0.00012537169,0.000036499096,0.00028707559,0.00020382856,0.98061395],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998678,0.000011645811,0.000006759796,0.000030175926,0.0000707481,0.000012748992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999565,0.00000835813,0.0000025304382,0.000010707885,0.000015955704,0.0000060029597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013894953,0.0006408891,0.00040769434,0.0009191083,0.00111014,0.0022205792,0.0007426264,0.0012463328,0.12519127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018399743,0.0004490213,0.00076546945,0.0012493785,0.0005719136,0.0018328418,0.001669634,0.0013641163,0.056724336],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004506939,0.00007730716,0.00022045686,0.0007485057,0.000011247691,0.00026228058,0.000368168,0.0019657672,0.007647712,0.19768418,0.15674391,0.63422537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025423487,0.000009667671,0.00010422492,0.00008421183,0.0000021685803,0.00010220473,0.000036986887,0.00017934923,0.0009785835,0.010532936,0.98796266,0.000004477195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010945471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026716068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12519127,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00070257235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058869517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41880655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793321802","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.01.031","title":"Investigation of hydrogen production performance of a reactor assisted by a solar pond via photoelectrochemical process","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Water splitting; Electrolysis of water; Hydrogen; Electrolysis; Materials science; Solar energy; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Catalysis; Electrode; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.017715829142619714,"score_gpt":0.2740393020505795,"score_spread":0.2563234729079598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793321802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99837947,0.00016229374,0.00089056697,0.000025614348,0.000010241924,0.000008175181,0.000049998456,0.000029658411,0.0004438894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99882823,0.00011760061,0.0005543123,0.0000073569036,0.000003072449,0.0000047492945,0.00003307358,0.000004797548,0.0004467847],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998605,0.000015919915,0.0000064407723,0.000032852684,0.000057024026,0.000027312119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989307,0.000042600255,0.000016881722,0.000012337606,0.000025276138,0.000009744345],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022446751,0.00021756622,0.0003196025,0.00015326339,0.0002544648,0.00032324597,0.00039418502,0.00051324104,0.0010144801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026783755,0.00016726919,0.00029468365,0.00017596893,0.00021819504,0.00036097906,0.0001740212,0.00043657218,0.0001882957],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032150888,0.000058192065,0.00044523148,0.00006842102,0.000008725526,0.00010031566,0.000026896614,0.00036189315,0.9962096,0.00005756997,0.00003767118,0.00230396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018261184,0.0004660378,0.002238153,0.0000027014453,0.00001726583,0.000057010362,0.00003391344,0.002831736,0.9939534,0.00001959595,0.00035724472,0.0000046412233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040767685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047332296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010144801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001625142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013932552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033937693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794590999","doi":"10.1049/pbpo130e_ch6","title":"Solar–water desalination for small communities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Institution of Engineering and Technology eBooks","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Solar desalination; Solar energy; Environmental science; Water desalination; Environmental engineering; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Process engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.03255662743297834,"score_gpt":0.23987059234998326,"score_spread":0.20731396491700493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794590999","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006305579,0.052967966,0.025680328,0.0016466021,0.0015585648,0.000141957,0.00026339927,0.00055617915,0.9108795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02580962,0.03558946,0.0148227485,0.00038009344,0.00022422135,0.00006896193,0.00029752016,0.00018820459,0.9226192],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999207,0.0000064554642,0.0000029215005,0.000014157592,0.00004961043,0.000006125477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999641,0.000008761853,0.0000021748208,0.0000055791434,0.000014625115,0.0000047899034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008182025,0.000394033,0.00016405541,0.00049356784,0.0006138989,0.0009205206,0.00045504968,0.0006130113,0.03182305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014813607,0.00017650095,0.00021095606,0.0008983981,0.00025432825,0.0013317588,0.0006750269,0.00062343106,0.011779419],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003067613,0.0000791038,0.00015246203,0.00091117795,0.0000071000177,0.00026372136,0.0004841972,0.0015028947,0.01733192,0.10783627,0.17413148,0.697269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017522211,0.0000118778225,0.00016677244,0.00008738472,0.0000015843183,0.00018746904,0.000052967654,0.00036632406,0.0019015403,0.0057368972,0.991482,0.0000033982078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012458871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004303626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03182305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061481935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058492215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.106458664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795025602","doi":"10.1039/c8ta00187a","title":"A highly flexible and washable nonwoven photothermal cloth for efficient and practical solar steam generation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":230,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Materials science; Composite material; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.03662184103110701,"score_gpt":0.3169884736129898,"score_spread":0.2803666325818828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795025602","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9281035,0.0018664498,0.05980626,0.0002908967,0.0002720775,0.000054544773,0.00024021887,0.00073508767,0.008630961],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96680105,0.00071652926,0.023282109,0.000042862266,0.000025803578,0.000021792626,0.00015514088,0.000103673934,0.008850986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998851,0.000009773707,0.0000065854592,0.000028319428,0.000052000785,0.000018333845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999031,0.000014123063,0.000024216004,0.000018576919,0.000017660177,0.000022349053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011234535,0.0003272447,0.0001272415,0.00026838278,0.00018122204,0.000348823,0.000268533,0.00050988916,0.0016020859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016504971,0.00023596903,0.00025572808,0.00018137228,0.00017230012,0.00038205707,0.00025129577,0.00046736057,0.000630442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015387974,0.000011651176,0.000044225802,0.00002662221,0.00000247063,0.000033224554,0.000009861338,0.00012296833,0.9963277,0.00015795017,0.00006804544,0.0031797928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000439983,0.0000861152,0.0004760852,0.0000034588616,0.0000065642416,0.00010287285,0.00000922657,0.0018811461,0.99438596,0.000050902203,0.0029858542,0.00000740018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020856825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006056314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016020859,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015980811,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011817461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0053595304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795045151","doi":"10.1021/acsami.7b17488","title":"Fog Harvesting with Harps","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":222,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics","keywords":"Polygon mesh; Clogging; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Environmental science; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.023404836145040627,"score_gpt":0.2703944350521397,"score_spread":0.2469895989070991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2795045151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7972445,0.0018562305,0.1806201,0.00025362216,0.0004043994,0.00020984588,0.00040925766,0.0009934094,0.018008644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94711244,0.000951695,0.045154307,0.00015327388,0.000041297426,0.00010394457,0.00021002666,0.000065261156,0.0062077874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986064,0.000008649454,0.000008141605,0.000044372515,0.000050923773,0.000027370976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987185,0.00002905849,0.000037701077,0.0000197872,0.000027029599,0.000014525553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000102722144,0.00031854634,0.00016638445,0.00020676779,0.00022198203,0.0003394524,0.0002853114,0.00034935164,0.00079174584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002698944,0.00021549218,0.0002953736,0.00016270865,0.00020774995,0.0004358877,0.0004349604,0.00028795478,0.00035540812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004922404,0.000025579533,0.00075017096,0.0001745267,0.000018084625,0.00024674064,0.00006726589,0.0020062684,0.9756304,0.00080245384,0.00071369443,0.019515648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010695217,0.00040045343,0.0030170097,0.000028191394,0.00003347936,0.0003233749,0.000080283244,0.014493798,0.9597347,0.00048531868,0.021366436,0.000026345648],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043078166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00079497806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00079174584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019081427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012320904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026487112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800928018","doi":"10.20944/preprints201805.0041.v1","title":"Energy-Based Performance Analysis of a Sustainable Farming Compartment with Evaporative Cooling System","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Relative humidity; Environmental science; Evaporative cooler; Abu dhabi; Air conditioning; Environmental engineering; Water cooling; Energy consumption; Hydrology (agriculture); Meteorology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Geography","score_opus":0.09601783557886165,"score_gpt":0.34414552754738653,"score_spread":0.24812769196852488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800928018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99181175,0.00018186169,0.006000157,0.000028044353,0.000009504076,0.0000306564,0.00017453295,0.00008236392,0.0016811504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99858284,0.000050453382,0.0006879216,0.000003734544,8.671195e-7,0.000012063466,0.00006155035,0.000005374293,0.00059520145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998178,0.000027377528,0.000011350436,0.00003775203,0.000076989105,0.000028840888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980694,0.000059399907,0.000023575409,0.000015379335,0.00008380445,0.000010896735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003165407,0.0003846865,0.00043038328,0.00039414855,0.00030949345,0.00047083967,0.00037162768,0.00035761422,0.0019634191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003384736,0.00013921037,0.0003981406,0.0003432118,0.00018626111,0.00040160771,0.00027181258,0.00016450387,0.00033165468],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018489143,0.0004090212,0.021357901,0.0006405907,0.000145469,0.0004962021,0.00016311562,0.43104658,0.5031007,0.00073308113,0.0008097458,0.039248697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000058632348,0.0019075327,0.024950018,0.000021728443,0.00014205568,0.00010841163,0.00022069599,0.7104537,0.26017845,0.00019991647,0.0017156918,0.000043127857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0048166616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005002135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0048166616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006882417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003162436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009577215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801417786","doi":"10.1139/tcsme-2015-0019","title":"ANALYSES OF FREE CONVECTION FLOW OF AN INCLINED PLATE EMBEDDED IN A DOUBLE LAYER POROUS MEDIUM","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Applied Science Private University","keywords":"Materials science; Natural convection; Porous medium; Buoyancy; Permeability (electromagnetism); Heat transfer; Porosity; Condensation; Desalination; Composite material; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.06827874497166701,"score_gpt":0.31192033746966225,"score_spread":0.24364159249799522,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801417786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99545836,0.000054205488,0.0038306045,0.0000131244615,0.0000043570476,0.0000133560325,0.000049049057,0.00002602654,0.00055100967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986349,0.000027546599,0.0010962184,0.0000015099192,0.0000012058994,0.0000053127474,0.00003336176,0.000003013258,0.00019693458],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993324,0.000007718159,0.0000039225497,0.000013707531,0.0000218447,0.000019631067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998412,0.00008151139,0.000026510057,0.0000091871525,0.00002535145,0.000016159514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001367282,0.00030139636,0.0002965282,0.00042598022,0.0002770086,0.00037238558,0.0002184186,0.00036479085,0.00048835727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033363895,0.00012815792,0.00038558966,0.00025046695,0.00051140925,0.00031917074,0.00021692118,0.00028812146,0.000047047317],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037611474,0.00014419373,0.008452923,0.00017487624,0.00004188365,0.00041804215,0.00018120995,0.33666942,0.6456818,0.0019173346,0.00009308196,0.005849191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030159119,0.00022064729,0.007529732,0.0000074840095,0.000017970438,0.000054651697,0.000069692716,0.88843524,0.10316385,0.0002599937,0.00019033559,0.000020247839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037099835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010576965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037099835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031631987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003200129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073767304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2806453374","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt18.176","title":"Two-phase Airlift Pumps in Biological Systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Airlift; Phase (matter); Computer science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Bioreactor","score_opus":0.05874005580627399,"score_gpt":0.31524178669628844,"score_spread":0.25650173089001443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2806453374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78836405,0.008450884,0.19789442,0.00047095324,0.00022530026,0.00016069882,0.00010820555,0.0011292076,0.0031963396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9457175,0.0019296691,0.049733393,0.00009378092,0.000054463835,0.00010178668,0.000081073136,0.000038816754,0.0022496027],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950004,0.00012008556,0.000025689604,0.000097110904,0.00021026566,0.000046706613],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962807,0.00012740036,0.00009699468,0.000027856784,0.00008925919,0.000030447178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047039866,0.00044053674,0.00037888324,0.00036851692,0.00027196735,0.00069660565,0.00038976935,0.0006100653,0.001039022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051155407,0.00023610947,0.00020310718,0.0002802981,0.00038488858,0.0009987954,0.0004813842,0.00055211096,0.0004129018],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020381404,0.00010543584,0.00095419696,0.00043980064,0.000013891932,0.0001390969,0.000112719645,0.00279986,0.95352256,0.0014265096,0.00024876074,0.040033355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006620617,0.0014393417,0.0031800857,0.000035741825,0.000025082105,0.00040275874,0.000071467875,0.039363828,0.93860286,0.00054055266,0.016233902,0.000038226826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003958081,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027631514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001039022,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002737671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002553429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034759045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2825560063","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1805912115","title":"Giant and explosive plasmonic bubbles by delayed nucleation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":119,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Microbubbles; Nucleation; Microsecond; Plasmon; Nanotechnology; Explosive material; Dynamics (music); Materials science; Physics; Chemistry; Optics; Optoelectronics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.04690446050473031,"score_gpt":0.3189986424760717,"score_spread":0.2720941819713414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2825560063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9333562,0.0037387619,0.056958307,0.0002897493,0.00009804518,0.000053541928,0.00012696536,0.0004498304,0.004928529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9862775,0.000741804,0.010813162,0.00005121558,0.000016751872,0.000032838572,0.000086828666,0.00003667861,0.0019432235],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988174,0.000010834391,0.0000035538135,0.000034538672,0.000045937188,0.000023418046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987614,0.000049636044,0.000028645341,0.000013320101,0.000016463806,0.000015784377],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011980324,0.00025445633,0.00016395924,0.0001349014,0.00009698094,0.00022508517,0.00033862607,0.0003720635,0.0006460481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002781723,0.0002400482,0.00019644732,0.00007638632,0.00029940446,0.00037264693,0.00044749968,0.00052847184,0.0001642052],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003573269,0.000009471191,0.00015147173,0.00007687247,0.0000032239968,0.00013356196,0.000045692563,0.0005349382,0.99430686,0.0007728702,0.00014511847,0.0037842721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011117156,0.00007234213,0.00057768985,0.0000060556595,0.0000041794906,0.000176628,0.000011283979,0.013628608,0.98335314,0.0002584694,0.0018912399,0.000009180847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006496478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006288008,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006496478,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027985216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009488775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0021612644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2857245633","doi":"10.1039/c8ta04420a","title":"A cake making strategy to prepare reduced graphene oxide wrapped plant fiber sponges for high-efficiency solar steam generation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Graphene; Materials science; Oxide; Fiber; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.04208144374240403,"score_gpt":0.3098142684502502,"score_spread":0.26773282470784615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2857245633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9395037,0.0026684857,0.044308815,0.00042043472,0.00022916723,0.00020729474,0.00035702356,0.00036192584,0.0119431205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97580045,0.0017561732,0.018204411,0.00007557801,0.00001617838,0.000055432964,0.00016135491,0.000022760385,0.0039077136],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999453,0.000005191034,0.0000044014323,0.000013096926,0.000017682696,0.000014354477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999511,0.00000808001,0.0000148610725,0.000006387024,0.000008398349,0.000011136523],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008053864,0.00043854507,0.00017780786,0.00025905424,0.00016502656,0.0001417367,0.00022747349,0.00030685856,0.0009117481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000108354456,0.00014633623,0.00029297173,0.0001719807,0.00015538723,0.00033626735,0.00022625612,0.00045309804,0.0003514148],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037712274,0.00002959424,0.00009264633,0.0001160714,0.000010783964,0.00020205679,0.000027225764,0.0003561625,0.9930227,0.00054334715,0.0001669706,0.0053947004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013087529,0.00021308867,0.00054059195,0.000006635815,0.000012958724,0.0001762868,0.000023252807,0.0023009889,0.99261546,0.00012462612,0.0039567286,0.000016281636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042338923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001258148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009117481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001490231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018556905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030500889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2879369882","doi":"10.1007/s10973-018-7496-0","title":"Localized solar heating via graphene oxide nanofluid for direct steam generation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Suns in alchemy; Nanofluid; Materials science; Evaporation; Graphene; Light intensity; Intensity (physics); Oxide; Solar energy; Radiant intensity; Pyranometer; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nanoparticle; Radiation; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.023202272654902434,"score_gpt":0.289430769563977,"score_spread":0.2662284969090746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2879369882","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98866254,0.0008576154,0.006660291,0.00016025352,0.0001020294,0.000024568011,0.000117812466,0.00015038627,0.0032643832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99684405,0.00012922822,0.002048397,0.000019503494,0.000008006951,0.000012581131,0.000026599428,0.0000076894,0.0009041145],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99996746,0.0000029567361,0.0000016615392,0.000009646291,0.000010395074,0.000007869845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997044,0.0000092217515,0.000006165719,0.000004543698,0.0000055248015,0.000004062095],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060181967,0.00015831209,0.00013645402,0.00011906138,0.00016723028,0.00014962081,0.00019984,0.00021762721,0.0009932138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009299009,0.00010325581,0.00014964593,0.0000893265,0.00017690161,0.0003321996,0.00021792205,0.00029993846,0.00018409114],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043365166,0.000012158866,0.000066167944,0.000063490035,0.0000024292583,0.000025798245,0.000030730364,0.00023325327,0.99602026,0.00027754458,0.00018854799,0.0030363328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008420941,0.00008135889,0.00040292088,0.0000032810433,0.000005030379,0.000015397289,0.000018197301,0.003335843,0.99498945,0.00004674013,0.0010887525,0.0000046622445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031563395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012163109,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009932138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027242381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010995654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003322661},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883830104","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23315","title":"Research progress on novel solar steam generation system based on black nanomaterials","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Renewable energy; Solar energy; Environmental science; Process engineering; Desalination; Evaporation; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Materials science; Meteorology; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.06073258703619883,"score_gpt":0.3004729216222056,"score_spread":0.2397403345860068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883830104","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93874866,0.014895992,0.029451685,0.00043664416,0.00028339558,0.000067345674,0.00013921091,0.00028444832,0.015692716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97320753,0.0050182184,0.015502751,0.00008738404,0.00006391659,0.00004522391,0.00012534279,0.00003219794,0.0059175207],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999186,0.000009116867,0.000005546867,0.000022218192,0.00003416063,0.000010208791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999535,0.000010598434,0.000005579276,0.00000445232,0.000020442756,0.0000054898446],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018411502,0.0002523481,0.0002826947,0.00016885517,0.00023160226,0.00024050157,0.00022753942,0.0002817379,0.0010852339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012141354,0.00013080011,0.0003199918,0.00014645,0.000116915224,0.00065363053,0.00018559399,0.00024841548,0.00029914227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007572696,0.00004187096,0.0003716052,0.0004385339,0.000019747005,0.00009826947,0.00007029843,0.0006370434,0.9767711,0.001540877,0.00060383376,0.019331118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002569963,0.0003347869,0.0010837334,0.000016485577,0.000054382046,0.00012002593,0.000038754064,0.0135733215,0.9716958,0.00031102146,0.012730603,0.000015505357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027881164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034613712,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010852339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017748044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014747662,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036303997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885795537","doi":"10.4136/ambi-agua.2084","title":"Efficacy of a solar still in destroying virus and indicator bacteria in water for human consumption","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Distilled water; Brackish water; Environmental science; Desalination; Microorganism; Solar still; Escherichia coli; Pulp and paper industry; Most probable number; Distillation; Portable water purification; Water disinfection; Raw water; Food science; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Salinity; Ecology; Chromatography; Engineering","score_opus":0.03653922796659866,"score_gpt":0.3678971502519759,"score_spread":0.33135792228537725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2885795537","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99660504,0.00067079574,0.0018557287,0.00003663683,0.000012213913,0.000046953563,0.00011421032,0.000021486638,0.0006368944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945253,0.0005673341,0.003407979,0.000036197067,0.000007098605,0.000024715915,0.00017112093,0.000008539555,0.0012516986],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996762,0.00007000154,0.000018563638,0.000078082674,0.00011666016,0.00004048821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978024,0.000055542856,0.000037645954,0.000033305238,0.000065427565,0.000027866288],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035570745,0.00031290922,0.00023416306,0.00027634518,0.00019694226,0.00031013173,0.00030621156,0.00036236702,0.0013265705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041915695,0.00018163481,0.0004563222,0.00020464462,0.00027502334,0.00030983117,0.00023476509,0.00021971903,0.00020599052],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005029249,0.00020018943,0.003967714,0.00016359505,0.000019717705,0.000037820766,0.00007742044,0.00023655346,0.9850152,0.00004613741,0.000039350183,0.009693444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004327291,0.0066669937,0.023268247,0.00002201346,0.000097252516,0.000135506,0.00016758709,0.0010070638,0.9670096,0.000042374795,0.0015272233,0.000012871823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030458043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051260483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030458043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001993946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032067348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00605613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888004421","doi":"10.1115/1.4041185","title":"Effect of Moisture Transfer Through a Semipermeable Membrane on Condensation/Frosting Limit","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Heat Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Semipermeable membrane; Frost (temperature); Condensation; Membrane; Moisture; Humidity; Chemistry; Relative humidity; Materials science; Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02516307616170691,"score_gpt":0.3011931549076762,"score_spread":0.27603007874596924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888004421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99812156,0.00036941183,0.0010278203,0.000018433971,0.000011008298,0.0000113218775,0.000035496374,0.00002129952,0.0003834506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987375,0.0002084386,0.0007674323,0.00001117485,0.000004225491,0.000008522468,0.000032535485,0.000008046089,0.00022216354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976844,0.000030182828,0.000013976757,0.000048760376,0.0000920487,0.000046675334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994918,0.00027599136,0.000105645195,0.000032938427,0.000063265405,0.000030257092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022261663,0.00027875794,0.0003091664,0.0001588913,0.00019769972,0.00032950027,0.00023087338,0.00027984122,0.0010062692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000646531,0.00014269857,0.00029214055,0.00012079238,0.00030850832,0.0004440581,0.00025893078,0.0004124038,0.00014888759],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010861479,0.000012841601,0.00027178967,0.000047745383,0.000005087355,0.000036909023,0.000027861855,0.00020053152,0.9981713,0.000020526633,0.000009107874,0.0010875517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051972,0.00033519728,0.0021511703,0.0000031724614,0.00000828365,0.000028573919,0.000029879884,0.0007734536,0.996402,0.000010853901,0.00024796548,0.0000041833305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048478783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038865386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010062692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020904707,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012301111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033663511},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889869151","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.16.01.008","title":"Towards Solar Pond Design and Development for Masdar City Environment","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Architectural engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Environmental planning; Materials science; Environmental engineering","score_opus":0.022754558853252126,"score_gpt":0.23497329531980687,"score_spread":0.21221873646655476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889869151","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2910915,0.00060053816,0.6850652,0.0004960016,0.000092196045,0.00029260886,0.00024356834,0.001121762,0.02099661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.80397815,0.0005213234,0.1891374,0.00003818052,0.000009053918,0.00019687405,0.00018916102,0.000061433144,0.005868436],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990785,0.00001422866,0.000005558966,0.000016634607,0.000041921307,0.0000137554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993587,0.000009051028,0.000008188067,0.000008172885,0.000029178791,0.000009493794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019641941,0.00027106598,0.00030654043,0.00030537133,0.0005541576,0.0008819683,0.00050643145,0.0005734417,0.0017430625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028000507,0.00021458206,0.00047348184,0.00028392885,0.00022267818,0.0005219486,0.00074169313,0.00029539445,0.00038329654],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011097736,0.00015356352,0.009341818,0.00041105683,0.00002151745,0.0007154261,0.0002823582,0.6938637,0.16244732,0.012142228,0.0020852347,0.118424796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032755877,0.00020753272,0.0031353936,0.00004026744,0.00002871775,0.00020006327,0.00029135335,0.93157226,0.041704573,0.0035953396,0.019162312,0.000029405921],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026312633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0049338164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026312633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049564225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010748114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005831063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900660545","doi":"10.25071/10315/35290","title":"Analysis Of Thermal Losses In Air-Water Interfacial Solar Heating Systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Canadian Mechanical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Thermal; Materials science; Environmental science; Water heating; Solar water heating; Nuclear engineering; Engineering physics; Solar energy; Meteorology; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Waste management","score_opus":0.016652371136069086,"score_gpt":0.2707994044752924,"score_spread":0.2541470333392233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2900660545","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96640164,0.0001228873,0.027966961,0.000058295667,0.000010161018,0.000028082639,0.0000898479,0.00010548092,0.0052167196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970161,0.000033634737,0.0017724421,0.0000065542313,0.0000016400415,0.00002027675,0.000026351834,0.000018233008,0.0011047537],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992704,0.000012324207,0.0000029191517,0.000012856732,0.000026236114,0.000018678731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998332,0.000108907734,0.000015838103,0.000010318747,0.000024574087,0.000007169754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013879208,0.00024414528,0.00034847253,0.00020582128,0.0003191689,0.00039534314,0.000317098,0.00039806182,0.0018741891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006617309,0.00017642524,0.00032056132,0.00017007613,0.00043092764,0.0004977733,0.00026265343,0.00029601017,0.00014828487],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000110169625,0.000056684235,0.0022938177,0.00010400017,0.000020670706,0.00009879027,0.0001067371,0.9292356,0.059018094,0.0017354741,0.00014624963,0.0070737484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010972766,0.000043647462,0.0011071918,0.0000031664465,0.0000054022544,0.0000146673965,0.000035015244,0.9893176,0.009000582,0.00025190617,0.00020486469,0.0000049492146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033290347,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016848319,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033290347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005063364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002924485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006619334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902903122","doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-07494-2","title":"Contactless steam generation and superheating under one sun illumination","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":318,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Solid-State Solar Thermal Energy Conversion, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Superheating; Fouling; Superheated steam; Solar energy; Boiling; Boiling point; Materials science; Desalination; Evaporation; Thermal energy; Heat transfer; Thermal conduction; Thermal; Vapor-compression evaporation; Nuclear engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.07598564923690812,"score_gpt":0.3539696400743175,"score_spread":0.27798399083740943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902903122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98041874,0.00044393615,0.012740582,0.00013934556,0.000057419125,0.000042525,0.00021286056,0.0004359766,0.005508547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99503076,0.00016664229,0.0028040577,0.000033098564,0.000011464658,0.000026504898,0.000073867144,0.00003785617,0.0018156159],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998473,0.000009619338,0.000005403725,0.000036874408,0.000071894545,0.000028975062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999062,0.000030047999,0.000020109694,0.000017380666,0.000014784157,0.000011505374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008728666,0.00021295516,0.00020340992,0.00011698692,0.00016656762,0.00020793643,0.00024445972,0.00027520146,0.0023416816],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020625938,0.00016799103,0.00016178134,0.00013006356,0.000346437,0.0003462186,0.00027897357,0.000505118,0.00044031694],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003054404,0.000009881778,0.00012926362,0.00005236197,0.0000025705444,0.00006802937,0.00005905355,0.00013943658,0.9967024,0.0002756895,0.0001416532,0.0023890862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000063061393,0.00006993817,0.00072771165,0.0000023871874,0.00000215526,0.000056450586,0.000014522217,0.0015827945,0.99620664,0.000054194785,0.001273688,0.0000032585694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025156426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005381972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023416816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019691428,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011120173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007833719},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903808278","doi":"10.1002/ceat.201800260","title":"Performance Characteristics of a Suspended‐Catalyst Oscillatory Membrane Photocatalytic Reactor","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering & Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Catalysis; Membrane; Membrane reactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chemical engineering; Photocatalysis; Sedimentation; Materials science; Suspension (topology); Mixing (physics); Reaction rate; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01061318673801509,"score_gpt":0.22859116997119522,"score_spread":0.21797798323318013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903808278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928046,0.00045674708,0.005855003,0.00004224407,0.000016941976,0.000018762095,0.00015396635,0.00016455397,0.00048724163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99661875,0.00020987258,0.0022356145,0.000014005115,0.000006418727,0.000017236971,0.00014100138,0.000020992211,0.00073611736],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99971145,0.00003760383,0.000022834427,0.00006635005,0.00010983387,0.00005180195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996141,0.00015857247,0.000057562687,0.000030461913,0.00009870291,0.000040610754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035873184,0.00040329696,0.00045426548,0.00024671247,0.0002318033,0.000504429,0.00045698084,0.0006585788,0.0008733469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058459106,0.00018516695,0.00035190478,0.00021010214,0.00015521738,0.00034352703,0.00019186182,0.0004072127,0.00040411882],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020299808,0.00002838741,0.0002819344,0.000031536496,0.000007692283,0.00002567535,0.0000129467,0.0003425983,0.9969811,0.000023606908,0.000025068648,0.0020363699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014372247,0.00046879036,0.0018820259,0.0000042536417,0.00002069187,0.000048070237,0.000013172902,0.0060807574,0.9911227,0.000011781027,0.00032537009,0.000008039097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015931089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00070088083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015931089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036013295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029139506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031676888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921197010","doi":"10.1002/adsu.201900003","title":"Biomimetic Superstructures Assembled from Au Nanostars and Nanospheres for Efficient Solar Evaporation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Sustainable Systems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Plasmon; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Nanophotonics; Absorption (acoustics); Evaporation; Photothermal therapy; Template; Photonics; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.00790007021151153,"score_gpt":0.25329791374123267,"score_spread":0.24539784352972113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921197010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99456185,0.0003601765,0.0036846825,0.000036549514,0.00002736665,0.000013719591,0.0000441574,0.000098683406,0.0011728499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950766,0.00014286637,0.00382345,0.000015359743,0.000003887501,0.000010797214,0.000039783336,0.0000134538905,0.0008738373],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999392,0.0000052729197,0.000004544687,0.000013892332,0.000020817664,0.000016193591],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999502,0.000010015203,0.000013475825,0.0000066170323,0.000010098115,0.000009589769],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007564268,0.00024319714,0.00013883894,0.00012460987,0.00011135187,0.00020642031,0.00016950836,0.0002399109,0.0006093523],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010332781,0.0002289603,0.00019992786,0.000065372,0.00015894281,0.00020760085,0.00018550483,0.00026440166,0.00022245092],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007429874,0.0000062408612,0.000037505244,0.000019397343,0.0000030092153,0.000018534121,0.000009834278,0.00018689047,0.9991572,0.00008674123,0.000022163556,0.00044510196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037984594,0.00004169964,0.0004495824,0.0000016387091,0.0000045903103,0.000026524995,0.000010936938,0.0020878355,0.9968352,0.000022083239,0.0005127913,0.000003233015],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045035852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012793228,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006093523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020446889,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012010669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0020384192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2924685172","doi":"10.1039/c9ta00843h","title":"Simultaneously achieving thermal insulation and rapid water transport in sugarcane stems for efficient solar steam generation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Thermal insulation; Thermal; Environmental science; Engineering; Waste management; Materials science; Composite material; Geography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.017596738884091967,"score_gpt":0.25181204232177024,"score_spread":0.23421530343767827,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2924685172","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98231035,0.0006691823,0.013821802,0.00009586257,0.00002656446,0.000019462253,0.00013524953,0.00011834162,0.0028032036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941677,0.0003422534,0.004077772,0.000019128762,0.000005330937,0.000011743477,0.00010518391,0.0000115113535,0.0012594025],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99997604,0.000001912728,0.0000011644956,0.000004463202,0.0000073688707,0.000008961874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997914,0.0000034328134,0.000004940423,0.0000019174681,0.0000048816455,0.000005727489],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000057943605,0.00024528013,0.00008444257,0.00015383323,0.00012751552,0.00018091351,0.0001364319,0.00015434086,0.00069110043],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061609404,0.00007356797,0.000080578895,0.0001447377,0.00013345233,0.00025507863,0.00013044574,0.0002855694,0.00016918492],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020987209,0.000009967882,0.000078849844,0.000029220306,0.0000019013806,0.000029546396,0.00001467582,0.00017444973,0.9950584,0.0007800922,0.000055555254,0.0037463338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000027601104,0.000040860956,0.00033580934,0.0000015167982,0.000002410076,0.000020480722,0.000011319463,0.0008428498,0.99754804,0.00009113188,0.0011003478,0.0000025647687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036381476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010674477,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00069110043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013500795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020037766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023118854},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2928297784","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaeng.2019.03.005","title":"Prediction of water velocities in circular aquaculture tanks using an axisymmetric CFD model","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquacultural Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Computational fluid dynamics; Rotational symmetry; Aquaculture; Marine engineering; Mechanics; Environmental science; Engineering; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Physics; Biology","score_opus":0.041239845920762776,"score_gpt":0.24903156519789368,"score_spread":0.20779171927713092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2928297784","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81949544,0.00023564861,0.16583307,0.00023155159,0.00008708669,0.000090140704,0.00034357567,0.00037481624,0.013308573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873584,0.0001130868,0.009667193,0.000015470074,0.000007338077,0.000036991627,0.00009819427,0.000026786898,0.0026765629],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999294,0.000013164287,0.0000048782713,0.000017811637,0.00001916975,0.00001550712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997197,0.00013842928,0.000040461484,0.000012945446,0.00006341521,0.00002499525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019840068,0.00044956498,0.0004207669,0.00027653202,0.00057774194,0.0006208846,0.00041953268,0.0009608654,0.0010673307],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006958267,0.00041904845,0.00041128372,0.0003434648,0.000540296,0.00046562456,0.00041808048,0.000439586,0.00020933987],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031658656,0.000016126078,0.00088545197,0.0000130574035,0.0000030020199,0.000040365383,0.000020575706,0.9942123,0.002261645,0.00042912626,0.00010124212,0.0019853904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003088404,0.000007883944,0.0001702939,0.0000012738901,8.691882e-7,0.0000022806303,0.0000053134618,0.9992999,0.00040942963,0.000050090057,0.000047419155,0.0000022014078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.031862747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01218525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031862747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074385386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014446726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06335455},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2947660595","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2019.05.001","title":"Design and analysis of a novel solar-wind based integrated energy system utilizing ammonia for energy storage","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Wind power; Energy storage; Solar energy; Exergy; Desalination; Concentrated solar power; Exergy efficiency; Photovoltaic system; Energy recovery; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Energy (signal processing); Power (physics); Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.02542383316116065,"score_gpt":0.2464763692440855,"score_spread":0.22105253608292486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2947660595","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43946296,0.001196971,0.5253476,0.00041139097,0.00024163563,0.0003828786,0.000326031,0.0019651968,0.030665351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97267836,0.00017034166,0.022110382,0.000039522743,0.000019160567,0.00008375579,0.00007834255,0.000021819893,0.0047983313],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986494,0.000015889074,0.00000550052,0.000029578501,0.000067634806,0.00001647457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992466,0.000010883094,0.000015526284,0.0000061288965,0.000035057292,0.000007798779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012898793,0.00029294603,0.0005183425,0.00013555503,0.00048388136,0.00064516853,0.0009594946,0.00038821282,0.0022166672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000101718455,0.00019430132,0.0003640557,0.00016291106,0.00018478898,0.0003817531,0.00019926025,0.00022607906,0.0003622199],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009136567,0.00043488952,0.0037044217,0.0009692903,0.00038712792,0.0007358247,0.00019012237,0.25550178,0.62251616,0.0059338105,0.0032017222,0.10551124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010219645,0.0013681729,0.0036455295,0.000027913737,0.00017567864,0.0002991056,0.00008252051,0.87629455,0.10807009,0.000588022,0.009315287,0.000030855193],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021947485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0046396456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022166672,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004912482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00070510746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0074154735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953719859","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aaw5484","title":"Architecting highly hydratable polymer networks to tune the water state for solar water purification","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1052,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lockheed Martin (Canada)","funders":"Lockheed Martin Corporation; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Vaporization; Portable water purification; Materials science; Polyvinyl alcohol; Distillation; Chemical engineering; Evaporation; Purified water; Polymer; Solar energy; Water vapor; Solar still; Environmental science; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Desalination; Organic chemistry; Meteorology; Composite material","score_opus":0.01465709894296324,"score_gpt":0.28611055913414585,"score_spread":0.2714534601911826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2953719859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9369052,0.002367713,0.043283597,0.0005149855,0.00021424626,0.0000920334,0.00033428668,0.0006322813,0.015655704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98589766,0.000809704,0.009820656,0.00010512354,0.000018812952,0.000038956296,0.0001107217,0.000037551647,0.0031608557],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999541,0.000006565952,0.0000022584823,0.000012442105,0.000011057566,0.000013583849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994755,0.000012217266,0.000015597314,0.0000062511613,0.0000074352556,0.000010960128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009300525,0.00021789607,0.00008078185,0.0001173581,0.00010423212,0.00028692602,0.0001753681,0.00026766572,0.0014305714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017459028,0.00013478234,0.00010696026,0.00011253288,0.00015008693,0.00059161615,0.00022330711,0.0005254686,0.00036265125],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039747658,0.000056050085,0.00014907257,0.0000974501,0.000010467854,0.000031884458,0.00003153671,0.0011094387,0.984654,0.0021567799,0.00044396176,0.011219638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001909578,0.00019478363,0.0004438433,0.000008517054,0.000008907573,0.000040259023,0.000028640856,0.0070827915,0.98297286,0.00041223547,0.008772147,0.000015925767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002179499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010410576,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014305714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002076733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012078271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047857165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964910153","doi":"10.3808/jeil.201900008","title":"Feasibility of Saline Gradient Solar Ponds as Thermal Energy Sources in Saskatchewan, Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Informatics Letters","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"University of Regina; Langley Research Center; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Environmental science; Salinity; Hydrology (agriculture); Solar pond; Soil salinity; Solar energy; Saline water; Environmental engineering; Geology; Soil science; Ecology; Soil water; Oceanography; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.008753119148205096,"score_gpt":0.21726610095436347,"score_spread":0.20851298180615838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964910153","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851901,0.00017971618,0.0020322886,0.00025480145,0.0000139484655,0.00015440288,0.00036566352,0.00007346979,0.011735592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933449,0.0002399372,0.0033911304,0.000045466186,0.0000012402287,0.000044369826,0.00023276788,0.000008204212,0.0026920363],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997546,0.000030368032,0.000009231621,0.000047521604,0.00008543283,0.00007292232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997646,0.000022412205,0.0000101388205,0.000012738853,0.00014955206,0.00004051682],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004111385,0.00021849023,0.00015821429,0.00028686502,0.0013113456,0.0010288468,0.0005622274,0.00025261389,0.0019722157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029604768,0.00014326356,0.00034576375,0.0007508612,0.00039432818,0.00043768142,0.0005107445,0.0002833523,0.00018270759],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014811011,0.00071199855,0.35715622,0.0006961667,0.00023751683,0.0026440385,0.0012540553,0.096230574,0.27820963,0.007084977,0.00601661,0.24827716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060604035,0.0017762391,0.5956353,0.00025461352,0.00046768686,0.0006045043,0.013743122,0.20827013,0.1217775,0.0028304288,0.05374409,0.00029031833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8239392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.95486724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1760608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009800317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.018262202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3541953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2967224730","doi":"10.1021/acsami.9b10076","title":"Recyclable Polydopamine-Functionalized Sponge for High-Efficiency Clean Water Generation with Dual-Purpose Solar Evaporation and Contaminant Adsorption","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Desalination; Adsorption; Materials science; Evaporation; Environmentally friendly; Seawater; Water treatment; Photothermal therapy; Chemical engineering; Clean water; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Process engineering; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018473505815861452,"score_gpt":0.24458334185076047,"score_spread":0.226109836034899,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2967224730","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9263489,0.004594313,0.058842145,0.00029574797,0.00016772473,0.00008812599,0.00038313805,0.00058159383,0.008698321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801035,0.0013954935,0.015343265,0.00006095451,0.00001785919,0.000044775275,0.00014906058,0.000032316308,0.002852764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999336,0.0000073975534,0.000006054809,0.000018703773,0.00002087994,0.000013335064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999132,0.000015800053,0.000029362393,0.000010890871,0.000014306376,0.00001645649],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008770642,0.0003703905,0.00015379685,0.00017723032,0.0001135944,0.00017928558,0.00022625396,0.00032353948,0.0009411707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013423327,0.00017768855,0.00023903143,0.00012846124,0.00014812802,0.00034213896,0.00024716475,0.0002902015,0.0004084356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027756623,0.00001430329,0.000091868445,0.00009536777,0.0000064279534,0.00009599044,0.000010919188,0.00016222388,0.99596536,0.00023112603,0.000108508466,0.0031901384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000737704,0.000103904,0.00038133084,0.0000045705556,0.000009898277,0.00015849453,0.000009379378,0.0023401647,0.9940969,0.000038802475,0.0028396188,0.000009480929],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030719052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080795505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009411707,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018325594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016076762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031484962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970997709","doi":"10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114279","title":"Optimum conditions for high distillation partition performance: Comparative studies","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Thermal Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Distillation; Multiple-effect distillation; Work (physics); Efficient energy use; Process engineering; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Fractional distillation; Chromatography; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.03805301985495695,"score_gpt":0.29789176009960927,"score_spread":0.2598387402446523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2970997709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96339417,0.011995717,0.016950108,0.000112592636,0.00009534204,0.00022833727,0.0010939519,0.00016718979,0.005962638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9819964,0.0072109615,0.00851193,0.000030990304,0.000041987343,0.00012400652,0.00081798335,0.00008202335,0.0011836819],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917847,0.00022409289,0.000059279122,0.00013963429,0.00024835666,0.00015017693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989454,0.0005906834,0.000102994374,0.000049639333,0.00025656782,0.00005468279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001055989,0.00075346377,0.0007991251,0.00081966416,0.00055516366,0.0009329035,0.00065172056,0.0005745224,0.0028844473],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023768628,0.00036339412,0.00048519028,0.0013530557,0.0005005675,0.0011766915,0.00059570675,0.00058403955,0.0012358816],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0022560318,0.00029766036,0.0010676073,0.0012579332,0.00006118154,0.000112823436,0.00018636545,0.003716508,0.9714616,0.0004997489,0.00033024204,0.018752273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016812335,0.0005471483,0.0014020916,0.000017537837,0.000045637556,0.000041407933,0.00008097798,0.0009060905,0.9956542,0.000053878855,0.0012179548,0.000016085829],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012111196,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019491508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028844473,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050796935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006201326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009649456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981382972","doi":"","title":"Experimental investigation on the thermal conductivity of Triethylene Glycol-Water-CuO nanofluids as a desiccant for dehydration process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International journal of nanodimension.","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Triethylene glycol; Thermal conductivity; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Chemical engineering; Atmospheric temperature range; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Polymer chemistry","score_opus":0.08393276594257043,"score_gpt":0.3287795313773977,"score_spread":0.24484676543482725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2981382972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892022,0.0010688779,0.007278756,0.00007811595,0.000048801034,0.000060919025,0.00041946772,0.00008780114,0.001755037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9828844,0.0009591479,0.014092224,0.00004341064,0.000015064596,0.00017375936,0.0003137105,0.000033521064,0.0014846339],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970824,0.000036949255,0.000030304425,0.00007875707,0.00010789729,0.000037904058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996749,0.00008461916,0.00006351035,0.000027101962,0.00013371948,0.000016153761],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004786818,0.00039497094,0.00029922527,0.00022082122,0.0003771524,0.00017916663,0.0002334626,0.00036369564,0.00077096734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004982119,0.00019530134,0.0002281923,0.0002948264,0.00025648772,0.0003506772,0.00015236682,0.00038735222,0.00019632299],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036712332,0.00001078685,0.000118801145,0.00007973909,0.000002020045,0.000027308164,0.000057938327,0.00009714158,0.9988475,0.000051233677,0.000039188344,0.0006317369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002749041,0.000077894016,0.00048729355,0.00000519638,0.00000491573,0.00003284846,0.000021451746,0.000484702,0.9983972,0.000011262331,0.00047023644,0.0000043922596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043373404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00089644926,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077096734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028254435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017432064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002579093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982040875","doi":"10.1002/anie.201913022","title":"Hybrid Plasmonic–Aerogel Materials as Optical Superheaters with Engineered Resonances","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; H2020 European Research Council; Technische Universität Dresden; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China; National Science and Technology Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Volkswagen Foundation","keywords":"Aerogel; Plasmon; Materials science; Thermal insulation; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Layer (electronics)","score_opus":0.011554973510666738,"score_gpt":0.2523545467999134,"score_spread":0.2407995732892467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982040875","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9637388,0.00202939,0.024957098,0.00019551745,0.00009743626,0.000033722627,0.00014580718,0.0004076815,0.008394538],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98722804,0.00042678125,0.009928205,0.000029251223,0.00001600406,0.00002131494,0.000042018888,0.000044565495,0.0022638293],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993,0.0000101589485,0.000003313026,0.00001637817,0.000023906097,0.000016115977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995005,0.00001638931,0.000014837279,0.000006484877,0.000006699796,0.000005657721],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010173921,0.00019298044,0.000110417386,0.00016853443,0.00012083812,0.00031410687,0.0002078603,0.00024714592,0.00077766046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000100046826,0.00016697805,0.00017517306,0.00011322186,0.00021439185,0.00040453006,0.00021541823,0.00022065453,0.00021158294],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023541039,0.000010653973,0.00005176656,0.000060720577,0.000005973283,0.000052031803,0.00003244013,0.0006820064,0.99559206,0.0017853666,0.00011963977,0.0015837947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014817295,0.000074819516,0.0003714252,0.00000667615,0.000011499238,0.00010012769,0.000027381848,0.006503136,0.98614305,0.00045873135,0.006276369,0.000011990202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010386986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003294946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00077766046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001597149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060313247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002601564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2986879702","doi":"10.3390/pr7110823","title":"Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Sustainable Farming Compartment with Evaporative Cooling System","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Evaporative cooler; Relative humidity; Environmental science; Inlet; Water cooling; Wastewater; Humidity; Waste heat; Environmental engineering; Heat exchanger; Meteorology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.01731398028165984,"score_gpt":0.2933028671744689,"score_spread":0.2759888868928091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2986879702","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917585,0.000115853014,0.005135569,0.00006269466,0.000032496722,0.0000625873,0.00030844208,0.00006633088,0.0024574806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99519145,0.00006607771,0.0036499433,0.000008615689,0.0000028420552,0.000052319407,0.00009402246,0.00000587423,0.00092893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997683,0.000022932665,0.000014893027,0.000053665724,0.00009179779,0.000048406528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997069,0.000084054744,0.000040181872,0.00003906814,0.00010006233,0.00002963334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034643305,0.0003020528,0.00041500948,0.00031614772,0.00056157267,0.00050227833,0.00044219848,0.0006265828,0.0023094213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044687666,0.00014266047,0.00037740706,0.0003322395,0.00049158593,0.00032471,0.00039580849,0.00035990318,0.00021951048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008955812,0.0005960935,0.013990797,0.0006901863,0.00003683866,0.001054894,0.00038413462,0.3384086,0.6263296,0.0024198873,0.0010020898,0.014191241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013165931,0.0016916124,0.017143162,0.000047196856,0.00006494756,0.00015773343,0.00060367223,0.636476,0.33853915,0.0005943696,0.0044710836,0.00007941295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003514234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037436099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003514234,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049029203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005703453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077257752},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3009619317","doi":"10.13031/trans.13559","title":"Surface Covers Affect Liquid Manure Temperature, Albedo, and Evaporation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transactions of the ASABE","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Manure; Liquid manure; Evaporation; Environmental science; Straw; Aeration; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Agronomy; Meteorology","score_opus":0.025773633961439266,"score_gpt":0.26887605013231264,"score_spread":0.24310241617087336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3009619317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99896944,0.00015659141,0.00024002221,0.000010476333,0.000005785481,0.000016003929,0.00016474743,0.0000073302226,0.00042949463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982186,0.00015774307,0.0004211495,0.000042797117,0.0000043269088,0.00003482216,0.00023488143,0.0000097317115,0.00087590003],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972063,0.00004562811,0.000021669495,0.00006306204,0.00008917147,0.00005980835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996978,0.00008283502,0.00009244695,0.000017637263,0.000067779045,0.000041452895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015840676,0.00036878753,0.00044475793,0.00017903087,0.00024934733,0.000642892,0.0001919061,0.00022431112,0.0012794537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030414463,0.00015630112,0.0004142225,0.00023536864,0.00030064044,0.0003936893,0.00033255512,0.0004632368,0.0001459061],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016053718,0.00024203928,0.018811975,0.00013696507,0.00006482482,0.000070639384,0.00007382013,0.0005293985,0.9719785,0.000031495263,0.00007365354,0.006381445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004238225,0.0024957575,0.5488188,0.000030520387,0.00015929907,0.000093295974,0.00047590362,0.003149891,0.44273433,0.00011557467,0.0018559756,0.000028302598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031121327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0057249055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031121327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005104603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028451713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006188035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011874693","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ab7fcd","title":"A highly sensitive double-layer structured nanodevice for moisture induced power generation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Graphene; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Atomic layer deposition; Energy harvesting; Layer (electronics); Power (physics)","score_opus":0.06245012953198731,"score_gpt":0.30299092878887246,"score_spread":0.24054079925688515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011874693","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9599878,0.0019741345,0.030808488,0.0003668673,0.00056279835,0.000085119565,0.0007238497,0.0009554952,0.0045354953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97974867,0.00035974543,0.01727358,0.00015258096,0.000034773595,0.0000475607,0.00014844765,0.000026723776,0.00220789],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999157,0.000005043121,0.000005559212,0.000029387957,0.000028904213,0.000015365835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999068,0.000021056869,0.000027439879,0.000013850926,0.000017100807,0.000013829411],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007354897,0.0002282591,0.00019030696,0.00016360692,0.00009093281,0.00024652015,0.0005526993,0.0004601576,0.0007710081],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014698805,0.00014226206,0.00017016697,0.00009646075,0.00014314994,0.00024232152,0.00018589474,0.00023888174,0.0002989649],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013301963,0.000011472882,0.00005415699,0.000031533265,0.0000028267975,0.000072517076,0.000008967153,0.00008585399,0.9979101,0.00011619269,0.00014651855,0.0015465096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070910587,0.000102302736,0.00044016982,0.000003969069,0.0000045757656,0.000072027164,0.000011933052,0.0031160505,0.9948106,0.000042858956,0.0013806418,0.000007728548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001010772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023019112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007710081,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017660498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000079756326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025793314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015216252","doi":"","title":"The thermal regulation issue in solar photobioreactors: mastering and decreasing energy needs","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nutrasource","funders":"","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Thermal; Solar energy; Energy (signal processing); Environmental science; Environmental economics; Engineering physics; Computer science; Meteorology; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Economics; Physics; Waste management","score_opus":0.019588845993332993,"score_gpt":0.24900808876423478,"score_spread":0.22941924277090178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3015216252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68548226,0.05367875,0.20364767,0.012656786,0.0012178977,0.0002042903,0.00035795372,0.00093175925,0.04182264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9202686,0.01963472,0.0282275,0.0017128617,0.00041354893,0.0001367122,0.00018732128,0.00027129723,0.029147388],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957806,0.0000734529,0.00001880621,0.00013139554,0.00013738772,0.000060836195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932814,0.00026650017,0.00010073521,0.00007907084,0.00019258894,0.00003292688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00082212,0.00043708165,0.00067668816,0.0002576151,0.0005390995,0.0013028819,0.00070996635,0.0012310534,0.0047751656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011716712,0.00031569772,0.0003694681,0.00039407078,0.000611174,0.0017829456,0.0007169064,0.0012490245,0.0011632711],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000360574,0.00013857949,0.0015598491,0.0014369867,0.000030727893,0.00020268808,0.0003620106,0.0038103329,0.8734884,0.0065992386,0.002204707,0.10980589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017033413,0.00030867962,0.0034954427,0.00010612503,0.000059937825,0.00027459822,0.00048592885,0.011322988,0.95180696,0.0035528487,0.028537672,0.00003175333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008477164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013957251,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0047751656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006361936,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052224327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015974522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015737013","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2020.25105","title":"Performance of bubble column humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Airflow; Volumetric flow rate; Bubble; Environmental science; Water desalination; Water column; Environmental engineering; Production rate; Column (typography); Materials science; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Process engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Geology; Membrane","score_opus":0.041332123216112876,"score_gpt":0.26204279987835255,"score_spread":0.22071067666223967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3015737013","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970849,0.00024637545,0.0017025588,0.000027748947,0.000013131423,0.000018171098,0.00013324844,0.00012862617,0.0006453405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99771416,0.00012546389,0.0012475832,0.000016564052,0.000004255729,0.000012898695,0.000121034536,0.000014646024,0.00074341206],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99975675,0.00002932215,0.000017845878,0.000056017492,0.0000926912,0.00004725822],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999816,0.000059991664,0.000026838634,0.000016028098,0.00006204316,0.000019047346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000251448,0.00025026812,0.0004037736,0.00016535498,0.00025557503,0.0002712632,0.00036002294,0.00029883013,0.0016456023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029480163,0.00014494707,0.00021108765,0.00011746894,0.000164433,0.00037466292,0.00025544543,0.00025021087,0.00032303494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022554502,0.000035675173,0.0008423755,0.00008717422,0.0000117474165,0.000038558133,0.000051896233,0.00059245684,0.9929705,0.000033239954,0.00008271108,0.00502814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001206796,0.000332663,0.003362643,0.0000030842295,0.000010464845,0.00003055846,0.000024987681,0.0026713545,0.9929548,0.000008263089,0.0005822151,0.000006906637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017654375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014732372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017654375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022622892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017370672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005505085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022491209","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121758","title":"Nano-coated condensation surfaces enhanced the productivity of the single-slope solar still by changing the condensation mechanism","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Armed Forces","keywords":"Condensation; Solar still; Wetting; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Meteorology; Desalination; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.03418817257002516,"score_gpt":0.253471174118509,"score_spread":0.21928300154848385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022491209","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9828783,0.0010154352,0.009521963,0.0000928976,0.0001269602,0.00004109337,0.00026637613,0.00027492223,0.005781998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923481,0.0004057482,0.0031218093,0.000049965714,0.000017592856,0.000020690224,0.0001437721,0.000052686766,0.0038395687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990296,0.0000037457592,0.0000037796478,0.00003183616,0.000037662572,0.000019950547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999018,0.000023502933,0.000018199456,0.000011615859,0.000034077024,0.000010712916],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008367881,0.00039138753,0.00018925326,0.0001711136,0.00014343236,0.00031942187,0.00029013402,0.00036905552,0.0019910054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016663769,0.00021937092,0.00028209592,0.00016075338,0.00023400683,0.00045338835,0.00016986592,0.00055421493,0.00045453967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010886805,0.000004811202,0.000050519564,0.0000220799,0.0000015898999,0.000012962451,0.000009407524,0.000046348086,0.99884725,0.00009685664,0.000041422918,0.00085595396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018252877,0.00002288447,0.00034641562,9.247709e-7,0.0000029844282,0.000008495735,0.0000066672274,0.0005647184,0.9984705,0.000010997778,0.0005611866,0.0000024135952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006483056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015568421,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019910054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002610646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000193389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0066605806},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025606494","doi":"10.1149/ma2020-018737mtgabs","title":"Flexible Semiconducting Nanofibers Functionalized with ZnO for Enhanced and Sustainable Water Decontamination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Photocatalysis; Nanofiber; Polyacrylonitrile; Nanotechnology; Heterojunction; Charge carrier; Polypyrrole; Photoactive layer; Semiconductor; Electrospinning; Chemical engineering; Oxide; Human decontamination; Optoelectronics; Polymer; Energy conversion efficiency; Composite material; Catalysis; Polymerization; Chemistry; Waste management; Polymer solar cell","score_opus":0.027492295182050357,"score_gpt":0.2683539492669759,"score_spread":0.24086165408492557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025606494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.967097,0.0021466943,0.027577804,0.00012552456,0.00011769943,0.000040456558,0.00022176917,0.00034075844,0.0023322175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9790466,0.0009061398,0.017748488,0.000047832316,0.000029423594,0.000026800682,0.00017250364,0.00003273626,0.001989427],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993765,0.0000042499705,0.0000033095964,0.000019006295,0.000023956378,0.000011804506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999641,0.0000070952124,0.000012510228,0.0000031757547,0.0000067203227,0.0000064431106],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006181561,0.0004176218,0.00014667807,0.00016321069,0.0001354917,0.00016708254,0.00022947563,0.00029658957,0.00056530157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008109576,0.0001010717,0.00019040842,0.00009283204,0.00012313435,0.00026340227,0.0001493638,0.00020189752,0.00018193951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000750028,0.0000037754548,0.000025343037,0.000011094562,0.000001279094,0.000019399127,0.0000034896743,0.00005271048,0.99915385,0.000028805773,0.000011790384,0.0006808894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003975453,0.00006155015,0.00057273137,0.0000020023945,0.0000051571046,0.000054425618,0.000006401201,0.00093586557,0.9972263,0.000028316348,0.0011002019,0.0000031535635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042160327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000862162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00056530157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016057429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060558184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018910766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025694826","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119879","title":"Research on phase equilibrium effect and curve vacuum membrane-based dehumidification device","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","keywords":"Membrane; Phase inversion; Materials science; Mechanics; Work (physics); Curvature; Volumetric flow rate; Thermodynamics; Permeability (electromagnetism); Boundary layer; Chemistry; Physics; Mathematics; Geometry","score_opus":0.08763900682548914,"score_gpt":0.40317765274135836,"score_spread":0.3155386459158692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025694826","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94124067,0.009866253,0.041081782,0.00041033552,0.00027850876,0.00007497528,0.00012238964,0.00020781449,0.0067173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9790248,0.0037995842,0.010458661,0.00008486346,0.000054973483,0.000033441855,0.000097320095,0.000026729178,0.0064195874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998023,0.00001574133,0.0000083452305,0.00005493248,0.00008852891,0.000030202193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988484,0.000037498823,0.000016565804,0.000012967826,0.000038085636,0.000009907414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024180341,0.00026766903,0.00029744842,0.00025469225,0.0003255131,0.00044090857,0.00062079227,0.0003946518,0.0013285277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035879854,0.00016221989,0.00038063564,0.00028228396,0.00025456163,0.0012765141,0.00036335862,0.0005798692,0.0002598743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006253904,0.00003060119,0.00022538556,0.0001981355,0.000010653941,0.000049876166,0.00007015753,0.00017431087,0.9876209,0.0014449639,0.00014241892,0.009970156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044628246,0.000078080724,0.0005135379,0.000004094681,0.000011867826,0.00006899865,0.000032229407,0.0015216612,0.9949727,0.0000810238,0.0027051317,0.000006191245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005990386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004996336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013285277,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037979474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002868311,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044443607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3043226402","doi":"10.1021/acsami.0c10461","title":"High Efficiency Solar Membranes Structurally Designed with 3D Core–2D Shell SiO<sub>2</sub>@Amino-Carbon Hybrid Advanced Composite for Facile Steam Generation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Composite number; Carbon fibers; Shell (structure); Core (optical fiber); Membrane; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.024025080596381195,"score_gpt":0.24137329396711893,"score_spread":0.21734821337073773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3043226402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815626,0.0010787867,0.014197393,0.00008444031,0.000064504435,0.000034932826,0.00023041863,0.00034286777,0.002403958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823313,0.0004938211,0.015379079,0.00006262121,0.000011118363,0.000038940212,0.00019928976,0.00003747873,0.0014464858],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999546,0.0000029132639,0.0000034946531,0.000014594992,0.00001430454,0.000010204232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995184,0.000006598699,0.00001613734,0.0000047557296,0.000012830655,0.000007865175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058466463,0.00038879577,0.00020348324,0.00016336436,0.0001317041,0.00019480198,0.00021261735,0.00049952505,0.0007083923],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093200215,0.00019016258,0.00032984692,0.0001280293,0.00014075015,0.00032813003,0.000161668,0.0003457578,0.00032857424],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012663345,0.0000050695157,0.000056280544,0.00003076426,0.0000045715387,0.000021075859,0.000004474924,0.00016287675,0.99877566,0.000050517487,0.000033223514,0.0008429753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007639018,0.000051731993,0.0010490667,0.0000027441752,0.000009597351,0.00008024996,0.00001053064,0.002830436,0.99471384,0.000034438337,0.0012040841,0.0000057033003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031036953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00085285306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007083923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023630877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001340717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002369821},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046435328","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/abaae0","title":"The behaviour of plasma-functionalized graphene nanoflake nanofluids during phase change from liquid water to solid ice","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nanotechnology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Nanofluid; Crystallization; Suspension (topology); Chemical engineering; Phase (matter); Graphene; Carbon nanotube; Particle (ecology); Nanotechnology; Dispersion (optics); Composite material; Chemical physics; Nanoparticle","score_opus":0.0397255460469335,"score_gpt":0.29882935507114017,"score_spread":0.25910380902420665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3046435328","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99835676,0.0002031741,0.0008036121,0.000023478771,0.000009286109,0.000010325789,0.00014207735,0.000024633104,0.000426657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99748886,0.00021815681,0.0013023056,0.000024731617,0.0000036111746,0.000022250528,0.00016760227,0.000018382761,0.00075417967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991405,0.0000071797494,0.0000045065412,0.000019147785,0.00002843917,0.00002654369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998871,0.000038695485,0.000026425325,0.000005331766,0.000028126178,0.000014208649],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112255715,0.00021942385,0.00013606722,0.00015507593,0.00018557416,0.00017431383,0.00016603705,0.0002582481,0.0007339022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027727202,0.00012313071,0.0002062586,0.00012641851,0.00026581256,0.00031603294,0.00014154275,0.00033916178,0.0001618466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003856414,0.0000047922795,0.00013881402,0.000022843944,0.000001972915,0.000041264604,0.00005391325,0.00007393311,0.9990662,0.00002414113,0.000015850526,0.0005176773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026613948,0.000060849594,0.0015410504,0.0000024807023,0.0000024256,0.000022920385,0.000034126304,0.00066884654,0.99740016,0.000014334377,0.00024543304,0.000004819968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001146811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015640574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001146811,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024072523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012642732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002455175},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048788668","doi":"10.1016/j.mset.2020.07.005","title":"Experimental study of single slope solar still coupled with parabolic trough collector","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Science for Energy Technologies","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Northern Alberta Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Parabolic trough; Payback period; Solar still; Embodied energy; Trough (economics); Solar energy; Brine; Materials science; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Environmental engineering; Thermodynamics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.044779203654197595,"score_gpt":0.2897078314583352,"score_spread":0.24492862780413757,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048788668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98100513,0.00061933754,0.013215224,0.00009127095,0.00014167944,0.00032285586,0.0008093469,0.0003589729,0.0034361193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98676455,0.0005825223,0.008369877,0.00009356442,0.000025185884,0.00022860487,0.00038145896,0.00004560901,0.003508621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935085,0.00004062353,0.000043112945,0.00020214467,0.00027611275,0.00008708997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995838,0.000076649645,0.000044279244,0.000059317765,0.00019142567,0.000044593264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042120938,0.00061921333,0.0007914912,0.00038568873,0.00066660513,0.0006954634,0.0009447086,0.000977667,0.0029462385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005177603,0.00026980514,0.00075701845,0.00056790136,0.00033967156,0.0007399258,0.0005111646,0.00069113664,0.0005886037],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008551021,0.00047194367,0.008932388,0.0011849052,0.00008851184,0.0009773967,0.00045470294,0.008695402,0.95360214,0.00038403983,0.0009282192,0.023425246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020223451,0.005957703,0.03556209,0.000093590395,0.00024690092,0.00050133694,0.0011808048,0.026620483,0.91753966,0.00043474362,0.011544646,0.00011585156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017765504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00247405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029462385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034332357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00052618457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009856105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084039606","doi":"10.11159/icffts20.128","title":"Simulation of Water Vapor Adsorption in a Fixed-bed Column withSilica Gel Material for Thermal Energy Storage Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Fluid Flow and Thermal Science, ICFFTS ...","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Column (typography); Materials science; Thermal; Silica gel; Thermal energy storage; Water vapor; Process engineering; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.031712453390703714,"score_gpt":0.2754909492027308,"score_spread":0.2437784958120271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084039606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97842616,0.00036117982,0.006789492,0.00049508543,0.00008695332,0.00004934867,0.00076746324,0.00023771703,0.012786609],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947201,0.00014128022,0.0018355285,0.000045586785,0.0000079422425,0.00003770745,0.00023414439,0.0000288773,0.0029488534],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999119,0.000011475863,0.0000039229294,0.00001330722,0.000017539885,0.0000417923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996319,0.0002241916,0.000018645085,0.000015293868,0.00006615459,0.00004389339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023568349,0.00051416253,0.0006547013,0.00040041405,0.0010456493,0.000741608,0.0006921705,0.0012970824,0.0048164953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047171768,0.00038117927,0.0008631274,0.00044608314,0.00048386844,0.00061105896,0.00035761698,0.00061010575,0.00030871987],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020483002,0.00013000632,0.0024195637,0.00008779453,0.000031701453,0.00020392488,0.000054313026,0.98578924,0.0073861945,0.0012573707,0.0007221041,0.0017129988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016357093,0.000034241188,0.00038581542,0.0000021169055,0.000004368621,0.0000048333955,0.000019774803,0.9984471,0.00085983553,0.00010413441,0.00011735803,0.0000041035637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06399566,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.042430177,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06399566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012580156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001377303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12724632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088572828","doi":"10.1115/ht2020-9058","title":"Performance Improvement of Mass Transfer Through Membrane Using Ultrasound for HVAC Application","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Desiccant; Materials science; Membrane; Moisture; HVAC; Air conditioning; Ultrasound; Heat transfer; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chromatography; Chemistry; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Acoustics; Engineering","score_opus":0.055936499428592634,"score_gpt":0.29972046955519976,"score_spread":0.24378397012660713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3088572828","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949169,0.00058356393,0.003733903,0.000035245066,0.000012715662,0.000008444709,0.000030981988,0.00010013476,0.00057818944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99767166,0.00020851045,0.0014387941,0.000006958134,0.000003741209,0.000005987142,0.000022269383,0.0000058259707,0.00063627126],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990916,0.000013492271,0.0000053474405,0.000015877902,0.000039750536,0.000016460128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998642,0.000054543314,0.00002123282,0.000011049772,0.00004033333,0.000008676334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019001233,0.00020375094,0.00022704987,0.00017815916,0.00019266992,0.00022320195,0.0002533382,0.0003145951,0.0014605854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029928403,0.00009407231,0.0002439926,0.00014822876,0.00012647736,0.00030679774,0.00017966804,0.0002069676,0.0002504913],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006199149,0.000013074725,0.0002696897,0.00005128788,0.0000043091895,0.000022454573,0.000029896875,0.00036506527,0.9953631,0.000028829412,0.000029905601,0.0037604608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052705213,0.00029554125,0.0022902566,0.0000036205768,0.000012746156,0.000030539315,0.000026950334,0.0044176932,0.9922976,0.000009740177,0.0006053431,0.000004676933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000747755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062316435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014605854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021576132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008234044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048861504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3088761074","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2020.128042","title":"Dual-functional superwettable nano-structured membrane: From ultra-effective separation of oil-water emulsion to seawater desalination","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Seawater; Desalination; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Portable water purification; Fouling; Membrane; Water treatment; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemistry","score_opus":0.013373363595581389,"score_gpt":0.24200486820847153,"score_spread":0.22863150461289014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3088761074","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.946011,0.0030093263,0.046819728,0.00035089368,0.00013676159,0.000043787066,0.00023168727,0.00037469086,0.0030221231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.977019,0.0015477816,0.015601042,0.00014298478,0.00002495089,0.000041409843,0.00017711411,0.000054182212,0.0053914697],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992335,0.000006220253,0.0000049667674,0.00002150951,0.000023397612,0.000020585343],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999416,0.000008408686,0.00001386543,0.000005727039,0.000016388452,0.00001412657],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014173953,0.00031223873,0.00019935622,0.00013706092,0.00014491791,0.00029699533,0.0003296687,0.0005820018,0.00058465765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015665907,0.0001736221,0.00027597893,0.000113650414,0.00019350354,0.00066753326,0.0004849859,0.00058411655,0.0004366839],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001698343,0.000007057514,0.00001640943,0.000026958382,0.0000027031301,0.000020071348,0.000009171278,0.00005620619,0.99841833,0.00018090519,0.000040766314,0.0012044032],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034089965,0.000033023152,0.00013170217,0.0000021897201,0.000004994964,0.000041184416,0.0000071101367,0.0011792603,0.9975042,0.00006311804,0.0010253156,0.000004489455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025181094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055411033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058465765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021848523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019253015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019558668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3100277717","doi":"10.1039/d0qm00584c","title":"Thermoresponsive and antifouling hydrogels as a radiative energy driven water harvesting system","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health PEI; University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biofouling; Self-healing hydrogels; Materials science; Radiative transfer; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Polymer chemistry; Optics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.013815909948261365,"score_gpt":0.2223315150007752,"score_spread":0.20851560505251382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3100277717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96154106,0.0047258227,0.024473352,0.00047222205,0.00021653721,0.000069471986,0.0003307812,0.00031018796,0.007860599],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98553383,0.001206544,0.007583432,0.00014561841,0.000024980125,0.000038419326,0.00010476913,0.000029268716,0.005333103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993885,0.0000094972465,0.0000027578951,0.00001278972,0.000017918785,0.000018194994],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999534,0.000011676035,0.000012233055,0.000003984998,0.000007593141,0.000011021972],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015350721,0.00022713994,0.00009067097,0.00010396113,0.00009935253,0.00020657881,0.00024796114,0.00026515368,0.00087237585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001039761,0.00009618896,0.0001121267,0.000070860566,0.00011232115,0.00039886733,0.00019175648,0.00035038282,0.0001975386],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003471556,0.000023254503,0.000030287938,0.00005156566,0.000003303346,0.000031302203,0.000014451475,0.00022095011,0.99553764,0.00055686216,0.00018128242,0.0033142408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064753253,0.00009474881,0.00016302434,0.000004098505,0.0000036844554,0.000039251638,0.0000087632125,0.0019093733,0.9954224,0.00006586948,0.0022760346,0.000006259668],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020145217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00060591486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00087237585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016530171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000085871994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029183626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3102903426","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00534g","title":"Plasmonic metal nitrides for solar-driven water evaporation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ocean Frontier Institute","keywords":"Plasmon; Materials science; Evaporation; Nitride; Frontier; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Optoelectronics; Physics; Layer (electronics); Geography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.07982275508434378,"score_gpt":0.35153944948014954,"score_spread":0.27171669439580576,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3102903426","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10899679,0.79150724,0.04998719,0.0019587982,0.0023042576,0.0001481341,0.00016412222,0.00047412995,0.044459354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3750087,0.5810847,0.024497842,0.0008082243,0.0005800141,0.00018857041,0.00020694398,0.000085868174,0.017539097],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999032,0.000014557544,0.0000060337356,0.000020941005,0.000040576382,0.000014726742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996984,0.000012282799,0.000005933549,0.0000022079485,0.0000074855384,0.0000021901226],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022549652,0.0004026347,0.00034052267,0.00016187763,0.00014700278,0.0003538931,0.00036262517,0.00034289667,0.000842046],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015625625,0.00018638618,0.00022091114,0.00011963668,0.0001992232,0.00060352124,0.0005390908,0.0005932681,0.00038245448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011569166,0.00007814588,0.00025321657,0.007372045,0.000081159415,0.00048387342,0.00018103357,0.003815827,0.7908169,0.033066947,0.006269421,0.15746577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034986027,0.0003740305,0.00066330837,0.0006149659,0.00010637688,0.00077486876,0.00013386342,0.012552332,0.6099142,0.0060363472,0.36874682,0.00004794526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024772223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006700867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000842046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026346731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017913469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028169155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3103100888","doi":"10.1002/adma.202003722","title":"Moisture‐Enabled Electricity Generation: From Physics and Materials to Self‐Powered Applications","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":410,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Moisture; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Electricity; Graphene; Process engineering; Energy storage; Electricity generation; Electronics; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.04396853856161702,"score_gpt":0.33497197830999365,"score_spread":0.2910034397483766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3103100888","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00031597164,0.99617106,0.0002735811,0.00028597456,0.00026660287,0.0000047291537,0.000019284857,0.000010233108,0.0026526141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0015617744,0.9968437,0.00019273958,0.00015416124,0.00014804617,0.000006509268,0.000021249703,0.00000184775,0.0010699563],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999033,0.000013268126,0.000008684388,0.000019009176,0.000038983024,0.000016654867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999027,0.000049383714,0.000013176724,0.0000041928024,0.000020484476,0.000009933514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027285583,0.0006644948,0.0006692312,0.0016959751,0.00025993228,0.0008038312,0.00055779685,0.0008508295,0.0037131892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003034119,0.00031549798,0.00039729374,0.0020011703,0.00043866277,0.0015318809,0.0006558926,0.0014084297,0.0015151044],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050727893,0.00008661499,0.00019610114,0.025195718,0.00007113165,0.00027315415,0.0001168253,0.0008395329,0.008697303,0.022813832,0.030490521,0.9111685],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000057812294,0.00006816785,0.00042425393,0.002149269,0.000038363727,0.0005759833,0.00005888615,0.00017952523,0.0014554434,0.0047544516,0.99027425,0.000015664527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007053639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011818577,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037131892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004536685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061020313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012421846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3115824026","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04059","title":"Ultrastable Plasmonic Cu-Based Core–Shell Nanoparticles","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemistry of Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Thermo Fisher Scientific","keywords":"Plasmon; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Plasmonic nanoparticles; Photothermal therapy; Surface plasmon resonance; Photocatalysis; Raman scattering; Chemical stability; Nanotechnology; Raman spectroscopy; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Catalysis; Chemistry; Optics","score_opus":0.047782089439261426,"score_gpt":0.2723916971653153,"score_spread":0.22460960772605387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3115824026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92969644,0.0016675898,0.0620359,0.00016030777,0.00009266477,0.00007349749,0.00032376402,0.00071350945,0.0052364115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9716793,0.00044070437,0.024527758,0.000059995204,0.0000145749145,0.00004994444,0.0002024906,0.0000554308,0.002969872],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987257,0.000010547546,0.000009440342,0.000044900724,0.000043950033,0.000018598492],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989676,0.000017701343,0.000027572545,0.000014651003,0.000030744937,0.000012581398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012727875,0.00038409376,0.00015763154,0.00018427485,0.0001806732,0.00025975762,0.00030840214,0.00039928904,0.0005024241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025577564,0.00021462461,0.00016393515,0.000110108565,0.00022758912,0.0003096375,0.00023080251,0.00031223457,0.00028498788],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015547224,0.000010784335,0.00005303722,0.000053704385,0.0000037742125,0.000021639493,0.000016984466,0.00042975886,0.9966318,0.000291549,0.00012156502,0.002349748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026063449,0.000043327793,0.00022371586,0.0000019998356,0.0000042095276,0.00003203874,0.0000049938726,0.0030298054,0.99508876,0.00004410275,0.0015210799,0.0000034550994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052047434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011607087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00052047434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041198044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016621746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002989173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3122617389","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202008904","title":"Intensifying Heat Using MOF‐Isolated Graphene for Solar‐Driven Seawater Desalination at 98% Solar‐to‐Thermal Efficiency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":180,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Energy conversion efficiency; Desalination; Graphene; Photothermal therapy; Chemical engineering; Thermal; Absorbance; Energy transformation; Solar energy; Nanotechnology; Imidazolate; Optoelectronics; Optics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.0474929563311321,"score_gpt":0.305108438034734,"score_spread":0.2576154817036019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3122617389","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98944014,0.0006139018,0.007438673,0.00010142416,0.000039058672,0.000020015952,0.00016447969,0.0003228508,0.0018593412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99600226,0.00014042947,0.0031136868,0.00001767442,0.0000040733435,0.00000824622,0.00003893376,0.000017268547,0.0006575921],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999391,0.0000042678316,0.0000025191353,0.000015759228,0.000021893882,0.000016480773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999964,0.000008352567,0.000009414915,0.0000050395424,0.000007827528,0.000005267828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000646296,0.00031256815,0.0001491627,0.00020166396,0.00012481264,0.00019081244,0.00027970198,0.00026695748,0.0011768333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095614836,0.00012707744,0.00020487579,0.00014735741,0.00019507094,0.00022075282,0.00018585537,0.00035488248,0.00020366763],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017826636,0.0000050197627,0.000042464286,0.0000215179,0.0000026700318,0.000016747948,0.000007169546,0.00014995543,0.99849784,0.00009833436,0.000051108887,0.0010894727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002935902,0.000017789504,0.0002643783,9.887144e-7,0.0000021576732,0.000011664862,0.0000045962106,0.0010892306,0.99809176,0.000014288926,0.0004969281,0.0000033184508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006671167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013935129,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011768333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031540653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009658179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003936887},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126954211","doi":"10.1039/d0an02258f","title":"Measuring temperature heterogeneities during solar-photothermal heating using quantum dot nanothermometry","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Analyst","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Division of Engineering Education and Centers","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Quantum dot; Wavelength; Optoelectronics; Fluorescence; Materials science; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.05974171206316571,"score_gpt":0.2850026164758886,"score_spread":0.2252609044127229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3126954211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829198,0.000225014,0.0154355625,0.000036833026,0.000013706805,0.000032360433,0.0002570233,0.00009524185,0.000984438],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897859,0.00019489562,0.008852753,0.000025916019,0.000005061474,0.00006735631,0.00010433205,0.00002144315,0.00094230723],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978215,0.000024005018,0.000010518096,0.00008671887,0.00007302057,0.000023580806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998196,0.00007442877,0.000043522738,0.000024355046,0.000026655023,0.000011461931],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002138641,0.0001635308,0.00018248611,0.00023341032,0.00030456684,0.00026035617,0.00028937764,0.00031376,0.0010449721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004086459,0.00017392781,0.00012789997,0.00028722407,0.00033943006,0.0004195323,0.00021468336,0.00047355852,0.00020827433],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038440143,0.000018291877,0.000562449,0.000018842291,0.000003203637,0.000019858524,0.00008425617,0.0002023488,0.9970522,0.00009530355,0.00001971028,0.0018851237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000028852808,0.0000361783,0.002604871,0.0000015723515,0.000004043622,0.000028703904,0.00003055812,0.0037788316,0.9932591,0.0000437805,0.0002048663,0.0000046903883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006345625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001838626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010449721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039631574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014594522,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034957528},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127230091","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-156610/v1","title":"Numerical Investigation On Water Extraction From The Atmosphere By Underground Condensation Water Production System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Condensation; Atmosphere (unit); Extraction (chemistry); Production (economics); Environmental science; Water extraction; Groundwater; Petroleum engineering; Environmental engineering; Geology; Meteorology; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering; Geography","score_opus":0.1085595182182303,"score_gpt":0.37618172123998145,"score_spread":0.26762220302175116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127230091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8230612,0.000936311,0.13928597,0.00049868907,0.00010056877,0.0001897484,0.00060021237,0.00030259253,0.035024762],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857266,0.00022216908,0.011273659,0.000018857141,0.000009827812,0.00008134046,0.00007629644,0.000018035047,0.0025731812],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989307,0.000026618165,0.0000052752766,0.00001610088,0.000034308046,0.000024679932],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995183,0.00032920632,0.00005156248,0.000016908225,0.000065014014,0.000019011772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024860573,0.00037208694,0.0005565873,0.00040335217,0.00053930766,0.00047697872,0.0004492861,0.0010990514,0.002039733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00078101805,0.00020022794,0.00050297106,0.0005073555,0.00052791776,0.0003707026,0.0005143863,0.00036679197,0.00011742424],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061060084,0.000036427482,0.0016476149,0.00014998628,0.000014122052,0.00021608821,0.00006266608,0.9846817,0.0072581153,0.0022352282,0.00020780484,0.0034291726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001002786,0.00002601369,0.0002717732,0.0000061748515,0.0000040036366,0.000010653357,0.000021253492,0.9981231,0.0010877701,0.00023397947,0.00020094817,0.0000042062597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009437716,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004954625,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009437716,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005227697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00051137805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018765569},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3138904658","doi":"10.1039/d1ee00113b","title":"A solution to break the salt barrier for high-rate sustainable solar desalination","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Environmental Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; iNano Medical (Canada)","funders":"State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Desalination; Salt (chemistry); Solar desalination; Environmental science; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.009828534573508017,"score_gpt":0.24497783908266718,"score_spread":0.23514930450915916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3138904658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60383254,0.018697832,0.34844074,0.0059180046,0.0022066082,0.00028811354,0.00033595553,0.0009688787,0.019311363],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88129115,0.010514876,0.09046125,0.0010577539,0.00034905132,0.0001357283,0.00020036686,0.00007969116,0.015910212],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999186,0.0000057518555,0.000006127059,0.000015217205,0.000039915132,0.000014457654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999529,0.000008232531,0.000013969007,0.0000042561887,0.000010969702,0.000009681448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012769365,0.00033839422,0.0002087495,0.00018523457,0.0002583944,0.00027095253,0.00027297763,0.0007163675,0.0015299916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014361081,0.00013810875,0.00026617953,0.000101380014,0.00024438818,0.00089189847,0.0004276716,0.00088799617,0.0007270974],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003514633,0.00004771839,0.00007523361,0.00025717495,0.000015295544,0.00012217819,0.00003601042,0.0005572712,0.9753166,0.0049993335,0.0008066906,0.017731428],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000029281577,0.00034523752,0.000103694154,0.000018091283,0.000015509368,0.00018740163,0.000028093507,0.0035865677,0.9647955,0.0012860852,0.029588671,0.000015898753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018904316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041831867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015299916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013832145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027967957,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051183105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3148465669","doi":"10.18280/mmep.080105","title":"Mathematical Modelling and Analysis of Hybrid Solar Desalination System Using Evacuated Tube Collector (ETC) and Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","keywords":"Nonimaging optics; Parabolic reflector; Concentrator; Desalination; Tube (container); Solar desalination; Materials science; Optics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04719497156427796,"score_gpt":0.25467761119289845,"score_spread":0.20748263962862049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3148465669","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.10642967,0.0023009435,0.8407253,0.00084084104,0.00014321852,0.00020321475,0.0008028949,0.0004942922,0.048059687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9347675,0.0019976478,0.034288175,0.000096610245,0.000062426196,0.0004821607,0.000488184,0.00008221443,0.02773509],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998331,0.00003304049,0.000010723384,0.000033076052,0.00006709936,0.000022881699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978703,0.00009522771,0.0000386342,0.000010536972,0.00006201426,0.0000065768427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026830143,0.0005455394,0.0007137977,0.0004712099,0.000481117,0.0009995188,0.00094787957,0.0010177618,0.0025177917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051511003,0.00041415304,0.0009772261,0.0003901956,0.0005467784,0.00090219005,0.0004715718,0.0007037152,0.00042434403],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014979442,0.000015634047,0.0004925619,0.00013207046,0.000015841311,0.00012502796,0.00006938225,0.9846201,0.003973445,0.0071783694,0.00029837165,0.00306424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003973246,0.000019288791,0.00026035795,0.000007849124,0.0000070334,0.00003562884,0.000017283106,0.99647695,0.00069803797,0.0015801836,0.00088720315,0.000006193732],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008915959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004748619,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008915959,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007637769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00091376394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01772815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157975087","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2021.100599","title":"Effects of design and operational parameters on the performance of a solar distillation system: A comprehensive review","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Process engineering; Desalination; Renewable energy; Solar still; Environmental science; Solar desalination; Distillation; Solar energy; Multiple-effect distillation; Condenser (optics); Refrigeration; Photovoltaic system; Fossil fuel; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Fractional distillation; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.04767425988157665,"score_gpt":0.2973442807531546,"score_spread":0.24967002087157797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3157975087","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00073153875,0.9982168,0.00031793525,0.00005582681,0.000050333598,0.000010192077,0.000041711348,0.0000071835066,0.0005683936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0029745135,0.99615735,0.0004655267,0.000055511686,0.000039515977,0.000009637675,0.00003720795,0.0000025647907,0.00025824358],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958664,0.000056821147,0.000064586486,0.00009873296,0.00016319207,0.000029961322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900657,0.0006306672,0.0001712462,0.000024761854,0.00014951192,0.000017301849],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012332862,0.001435211,0.002401057,0.0018030137,0.00021877186,0.0010661487,0.0009874951,0.0010001007,0.002189693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016059673,0.000574701,0.0011185681,0.0026580468,0.00037202382,0.0012305205,0.0004896111,0.000797423,0.0006402801],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018186936,0.0001697906,0.00045307228,0.124084085,0.0005550361,0.00012214393,0.000057171816,0.0018453889,0.013698852,0.0023200465,0.00580601,0.8507066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010686884,0.0015605771,0.005944903,0.026452955,0.0051855682,0.0011890986,0.00024593703,0.0014154386,0.029127613,0.0029972466,0.92558414,0.00018966554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013993625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030054015,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002401057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004483825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011093054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073252916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158621859","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2021.675269","title":"Research History and Functional Systems of Fog Water Harvesting","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Water","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health","funders":"","keywords":"Rainwater harvesting; Water supply; Water scarcity; Empowerment; Environmental planning; Water resources; Business; Water resource management; Natural resource economics; Environmental resource management; Geography; Environmental science; Economic growth; Environmental engineering; Economics; Ecology","score_opus":0.07946385411792738,"score_gpt":0.295389240551425,"score_spread":0.21592538643349762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158621859","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.1600964,0.19842377,0.022700218,0.017146867,0.0008871168,0.00017116754,0.00039661134,0.00006645694,0.6001114],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84110546,0.13704985,0.0052870344,0.0013219888,0.0005960156,0.00010242807,0.00017160838,0.000054408843,0.014311232],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990663,0.00031010353,0.000038783113,0.0003230652,0.00016340295,0.00009836783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9973628,0.0017881811,0.00024853903,0.00019552157,0.00029383812,0.00011124049],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018532862,0.00032791615,0.0002993271,0.002777377,0.0025103432,0.004355743,0.0008892654,0.0009494798,0.004861522],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0030359537,0.00026106485,0.0003281804,0.0053046495,0.012545718,0.0061368905,0.0020328572,0.0015576376,0.00041721092],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006103679,0.000082231636,0.014124708,0.0016764594,0.00003601645,0.00064344524,0.051688336,0.0009175322,0.0011904889,0.6266728,0.006165218,0.29674178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037712293,0.00008213828,0.0440369,0.0040307012,0.00003784439,0.0009842003,0.04332654,0.0011154981,0.0015444789,0.19343716,0.71134686,0.00005393679],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010460104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011443546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010460104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0050039035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003672713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036306024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3158961802","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112564","title":"Development and analysis of a new renewable energy-based industrial wastewater treatment system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Brine; Exergy efficiency; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Wastewater; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Evaporation; Waste management; Industrial wastewater treatment; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.033666153252206635,"score_gpt":0.23765658375233323,"score_spread":0.2039904305001266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3158961802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9237806,0.0011547377,0.06815096,0.00031216952,0.00013789303,0.00037422567,0.0003564651,0.00060884445,0.005124035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9523662,0.00087229814,0.03924756,0.000066041546,0.000019171572,0.00016203534,0.00040335255,0.000035258352,0.0068280683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996791,0.000023165632,0.000018097488,0.00004773021,0.00020773233,0.000024207184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999099,0.000008148934,0.000010985813,0.000008227539,0.00004847667,0.000014298689],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036360134,0.00026380713,0.00048498774,0.00039428327,0.0004259536,0.00065748446,0.00045295164,0.0004362826,0.0009801077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019568775,0.0001464648,0.0004833406,0.00029465524,0.000198621,0.0005803284,0.00033747987,0.00036800065,0.0003518352],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014516781,0.00023486401,0.0015860982,0.00020937563,0.00002587105,0.000063358246,0.000031013926,0.002568962,0.96548283,0.00046034646,0.00021444062,0.02897775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006195391,0.0010361397,0.0061009643,0.000010532843,0.000068815396,0.000111167166,0.00005417008,0.02552696,0.9571657,0.00013783762,0.009706716,0.000019101584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017119201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00262437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017119201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006883204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00110632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049940944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3159915596","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2021.105562","title":"A novel submerged photocatalytic oscillatory membrane reactor for water polishing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photocatalysis; Effluent; Polishing; Membrane reactor; Chemistry; Wastewater; Membrane; Chemical engineering; Central composite design; Catalysis; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Response surface methodology; Chromatography; Environmental science; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01423850690977792,"score_gpt":0.22072635839630905,"score_spread":0.20648785148653112,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3159915596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9171511,0.0031213597,0.07568387,0.0003354984,0.0003049398,0.00010713952,0.000263399,0.00083360495,0.0021991415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95267767,0.0011908684,0.041406024,0.000088885216,0.000059820864,0.00008157274,0.0001945628,0.00004743475,0.004253129],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998147,0.000013803223,0.000014096545,0.000051905423,0.00008140388,0.000024108078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991643,0.000016006565,0.000017516413,0.000011705549,0.000021935162,0.0000164208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018845501,0.00045976587,0.00049462024,0.00023973074,0.00027824973,0.00049053814,0.00075659936,0.0006593095,0.0008700001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016340501,0.00028631827,0.00040025683,0.00022424954,0.00016584607,0.0007732482,0.0003931989,0.0006538903,0.00052438164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055054,0.00003081577,0.00008148746,0.000052220155,0.0000049656687,0.000030835025,0.000007891646,0.000066432694,0.99316907,0.000063797095,0.00008862115,0.0063487957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027031674,0.00030918742,0.0009539582,0.0000041171606,0.000025172056,0.00015380965,0.000015598103,0.006494563,0.9894343,0.00004536046,0.0025222774,0.000014697077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005396959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010913132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008700001,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027305336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003942487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029103756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163178857","doi":"10.1002/app.50973","title":"Enhanced swelling using photothermal responsive <scp>surface‐immobilized</scp> microgels","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quartz crystal microbalance; Swelling; Materials science; Photothermal therapy; Photothermal effect; Dynamic light scattering; Chemical engineering; Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); Surface plasmon resonance; Colloidal gold; Surface charge; Aqueous solution; Colloid; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Adsorption; Chemistry; Composite material; Polymer; Copolymer","score_opus":0.025630792263578762,"score_gpt":0.29937485576167805,"score_spread":0.27374406349809927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163178857","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99043196,0.00073477696,0.0067458316,0.00008464853,0.000028103475,0.00001915575,0.00013523673,0.00026439992,0.0015558894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939241,0.00029781496,0.00394423,0.00004385672,0.000012345911,0.000018075996,0.000074783864,0.000030087913,0.001654739],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998754,0.000014794421,0.0000068302093,0.00003934722,0.000038402515,0.00002520132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998723,0.00003906727,0.000037591304,0.0000134797365,0.0000197691,0.000017830624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014292149,0.00032405008,0.000144067,0.0001540302,0.000090254136,0.00027033992,0.0001494805,0.00027423442,0.00071606314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018386082,0.00012161202,0.00014617879,0.00010173232,0.00022840867,0.00028125054,0.00014561368,0.00027649038,0.00022136257],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006804114,0.0000015706024,0.000008945264,0.000008424007,7.666705e-7,0.000010319391,0.0000033825283,0.000036364498,0.9995715,0.000010350842,0.000009865677,0.0003318253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017295405,0.000027099004,0.00024691946,0.0000010059288,0.0000021215765,0.000024593628,0.000002881692,0.00038850843,0.9989969,0.000004680808,0.0003015469,0.0000019108352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042075885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006903457,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00071606314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026431697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009994517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002395451},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187947095","doi":"10.1039/d0ta09570b","title":"3D tree-shaped hierarchical flax fabric for highly efficient solar steam generation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Polypyrrole; Nanofiber; Desalination; Tree (set theory); Composite number; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Engineering; Chemistry; Mathematics; Polymer","score_opus":0.03929724896450069,"score_gpt":0.2811383318757044,"score_spread":0.24184108291120374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187947095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9693484,0.0005022942,0.021981198,0.00011985341,0.000053553526,0.00003288882,0.00069611735,0.00071773276,0.00654807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97974944,0.00020893005,0.01776128,0.00003764618,0.000007470857,0.00004256411,0.00028075682,0.000038270762,0.0018736828],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99996674,0.0000022068511,0.0000018141674,0.000009730233,0.000007852566,0.000011607379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999505,0.000008327386,0.000017182902,0.0000053087488,0.0000061159644,0.000012639151],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050911378,0.00032562515,0.000098435434,0.00019743053,0.0001671015,0.00017895373,0.00015929101,0.0003155043,0.0011102352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066727654,0.00016957965,0.00019320619,0.000121850564,0.0001308278,0.0002529267,0.00014362055,0.00029203697,0.0003169372],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020595313,0.0000076146152,0.00006227104,0.000040153438,0.0000032628127,0.00008417593,0.000015987143,0.000692416,0.9969133,0.0002267591,0.00012756659,0.0018059995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002092856,0.00017000388,0.0027783315,0.000011014638,0.00001283218,0.00030662218,0.000033762473,0.013027089,0.97782785,0.00014741906,0.0056390995,0.000025009824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048961974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001607393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011102352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020658274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000108236425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037140846},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189206576","doi":"10.3390/en14164844","title":"Enhancement of Continuous-Feed Low-Cost Solar Distiller: Effects of Various Fin Designs","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Universitas Sebelas Maret","keywords":"Seawater; Distilled water; Desalination; Materials science; Fin; Solar still; Distillation; Water desalination; Environmental science; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.016428591623854804,"score_gpt":0.26640522838735303,"score_spread":0.24997663676349824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189206576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99284005,0.00055508316,0.0054960055,0.000014257401,0.000016552223,0.000020411295,0.000044233144,0.000049316284,0.0009640658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98941106,0.00039134832,0.0090029,0.000015973172,0.0000053884187,0.000014263728,0.00006212158,0.000011419865,0.0010855081],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989915,0.0000090574495,0.000008054648,0.000028149487,0.00004064636,0.000014873628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990916,0.000021006435,0.000027120363,0.0000060296984,0.000024650008,0.000011904129],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014990043,0.00044298422,0.00018208512,0.00022080522,0.000113532675,0.0002955756,0.00029314664,0.00024557146,0.00066843955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025440223,0.000112557136,0.00023184066,0.00019510386,0.00012686918,0.0005023925,0.000210232,0.00023709868,0.000118517106],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010664562,0.000039184717,0.00036073,0.00011168426,0.0000062283093,0.00003362166,0.000014445087,0.00028683373,0.9936372,0.000058532685,0.0000141320415,0.0053307074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010126971,0.00060490175,0.0028341538,0.000005156413,0.000024368519,0.00005633432,0.000020325082,0.0018649512,0.99368083,0.000019491375,0.0008721852,0.0000072415555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000494562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019576233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00066843955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019513791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011406994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022361279},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3193794205","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00869","title":"Design and Utilization of Infrared Light for Interfacial Solar Water Purification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Energy Letters","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Solar still; Environmental science; Radiative cooling; Solar desalination; Process engineering; Solar energy; Sustainability; Carbon footprint; Water desalination; Engineering physics; Engineering; Greenhouse gas; Meteorology; Chemistry; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.04087419111493101,"score_gpt":0.272219488190582,"score_spread":0.231345297075651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3193794205","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7045206,0.014719205,0.23915732,0.0007668044,0.0003254946,0.0004528074,0.0004197032,0.0008095625,0.038828567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9087018,0.0050885947,0.07707801,0.0002307387,0.000048018283,0.0004539411,0.00022232035,0.000091013084,0.00808552],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985254,0.000016380618,0.0000072055645,0.000037079557,0.000056792916,0.00003009164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999294,0.000012884257,0.000019215326,0.000006446169,0.00002305749,0.000008987022],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022716398,0.0003154772,0.00018805958,0.00023460419,0.00018195462,0.0004947138,0.0004743727,0.0004456335,0.0010665552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018770003,0.00020217242,0.00027151342,0.00022372739,0.00016474217,0.00041697954,0.00030861952,0.0005175427,0.00063054025],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037009137,0.00004593299,0.00016429982,0.00024300566,0.000006101563,0.00005971625,0.000049845617,0.00063078315,0.9842712,0.0021279817,0.00025395278,0.012110286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021984282,0.00033005638,0.00052963675,0.000017331904,0.00001564555,0.00010109404,0.000034219556,0.007082047,0.9754226,0.00032067162,0.016110573,0.000014044763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029964832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052927865,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010665552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038306223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026760448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035679936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198132178","doi":"","title":"A salt-rejecting floating solar still for low-cost desalination","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Evaporation; Environmental science; Condensation; Solar still; Salt water; Solar energy; Salt (chemistry); Solar desalination; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Meteorology; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.028846770022568673,"score_gpt":0.3084464938898556,"score_spread":0.27959972386728693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3198132178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91522485,0.0008208631,0.070666894,0.0004369375,0.00020526754,0.00012134196,0.0003978993,0.00090051873,0.011225428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9446703,0.00043610093,0.04494845,0.00014186426,0.000037882364,0.000033690125,0.00022983928,0.000073675175,0.009428261],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989295,0.000004915007,0.0000036118226,0.00002967223,0.000057270365,0.000011641041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993324,0.000008578821,0.000013963765,0.000012744367,0.00001958374,0.000011882739],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008315818,0.00025734602,0.00017513066,0.00017370936,0.00024256356,0.00025569613,0.00041978434,0.0003141578,0.0018242281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001093015,0.0001350453,0.00018670937,0.0001622202,0.00018833322,0.00052196055,0.000247671,0.00036606015,0.0004130276],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002682156,0.000014337652,0.00012781167,0.000037014353,0.0000028151533,0.000048617112,0.00001999452,0.00018857015,0.9914772,0.00033529432,0.0002742832,0.0074471883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025372132,0.0003639763,0.0015015914,0.0000054246816,0.0000113914975,0.0001892778,0.000024602445,0.0038893046,0.9841008,0.00010559872,0.00976896,0.000013745305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005021476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010154219,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018242281,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020360878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019303749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006102681},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3199702279","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2021.115349","title":"Graphite powder mixed with black paint on the absorber plate of the solar still to enhance yield: An experimental investigation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund; Qatar University","keywords":"Graphite; Yield (engineering); Carbon black; Materials science; Solar still; Raw material; Mixing (physics); Carbon fibers; Composite material; Chemistry; Composite number","score_opus":0.034500249981237574,"score_gpt":0.29391249242385903,"score_spread":0.25941224244262145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3199702279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99445796,0.0002217997,0.0021197614,0.00003995611,0.000012012822,0.00003504812,0.00015339634,0.00004200768,0.0029180613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99565315,0.00027337574,0.0021336756,0.000015862997,0.000006052129,0.000016120119,0.00009549348,0.000018293265,0.0017880014],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998022,0.000021515478,0.000009491096,0.000048856185,0.0000801984,0.000037718335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998504,0.000048609476,0.000025496385,0.00003464041,0.000030677555,0.000010166765],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027598077,0.00034417742,0.00019955686,0.0002687733,0.00042642467,0.00019629473,0.0002846536,0.0004674341,0.002204173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002767185,0.00019239089,0.00020525412,0.0003534465,0.00031852262,0.00041564569,0.00020242491,0.00037649088,0.00032980827],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013272087,0.00004553891,0.00013346723,0.00005675273,0.000003053624,0.000078115656,0.000055282944,0.00006368698,0.99797755,0.000136753,0.00002962892,0.0012873563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006583976,0.00021654989,0.0006968082,0.0000017403125,0.0000056337217,0.000031449898,0.000026983,0.00019323692,0.9984889,0.000019430603,0.00031018245,0.0000025775746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040781856,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010061183,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002204173,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014125973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013741331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0073736906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3202084008","doi":"10.3390/e23101282","title":"Energy and Entropy Analyses of a Pilot-Scale Dual Heating HDH Desalination System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Thermodynamics; Entropy (arrow of time); Mass flow rate; Mechanics; Mass transfer; Thermodynamic cycle; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.04285562360901686,"score_gpt":0.3182003730762728,"score_spread":0.27534474946725596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3202084008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938799,0.000104610146,0.005051708,0.000021530614,0.0000046413807,0.000028252214,0.00008436371,0.00005309039,0.0007719415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998434,0.000049951763,0.0011006161,0.0000030801268,0.000001284059,0.00001742729,0.000042902477,0.0000042088736,0.00034650127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989104,0.0000185649,0.000006629855,0.000020709655,0.000049909817,0.000013075211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989164,0.00005706138,0.000011163976,0.000009101523,0.000024891402,0.000006057321],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021343467,0.0002684391,0.00048546967,0.00027773716,0.00033571766,0.00026198066,0.0003035398,0.0002489905,0.0011544208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032995606,0.00013510506,0.0002932624,0.00016413598,0.00030253522,0.0003882489,0.00025732518,0.00026417008,0.00012260478],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007902312,0.00032701474,0.0077491947,0.0004824443,0.000048453418,0.0004455368,0.00015988814,0.12303319,0.8413534,0.00082041026,0.00025425185,0.024535934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000086008105,0.001371132,0.016825452,0.000008179341,0.000045158235,0.000095660806,0.000101354104,0.37899375,0.60081613,0.00046513282,0.001165475,0.00002651717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018371344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014903204,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018371344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037208782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022578696,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0038619041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210425903","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.093","title":"In-situ fabrication of metal oxide nanocaps based on biphasic reactions with surface nanodroplets","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Institute for Nanotechnology; National Research Council Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Alberta Innovates; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; National Institute for Nanotechnology","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Fabrication; Materials science; Photocatalysis; Nanotechnology; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Surface energy; Porosity; Metal; Evaporation; Chemistry; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Composite material","score_opus":0.017438149978880456,"score_gpt":0.29311418466459455,"score_spread":0.2756760346857141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210425903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9701505,0.0012339419,0.023566209,0.000139606,0.000108351596,0.0000891786,0.0002100767,0.00026449244,0.004237624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9790992,0.00055422256,0.015659511,0.00008513166,0.000017770995,0.000068402725,0.000111690635,0.00004704803,0.0043569976],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979025,0.00001851056,0.000020266922,0.00005548941,0.000066156616,0.000049335653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998404,0.000049922804,0.00004602395,0.00001970331,0.000026616128,0.0000174353],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023789826,0.0003258363,0.00026135222,0.00018125333,0.00017843883,0.00038206673,0.00041624226,0.0004119622,0.000984511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027237006,0.00027118772,0.00030040118,0.00012380898,0.00019020881,0.0003681975,0.00033633193,0.00048694463,0.00048441254],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020098378,0.0000070792357,0.000019547031,0.000027331944,0.000002325323,0.000026384907,0.000017339773,0.00004182707,0.999094,0.00005784854,0.00001863173,0.000667549],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018400955,0.000016104741,0.000045022836,8.6443464e-7,0.0000020469686,0.0000109915845,0.000004043069,0.00031388758,0.99932146,0.0000074954237,0.00027508434,0.0000012643391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004097596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001045618,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.000984511,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032496272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024331984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032935739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3213457378","doi":"10.33774/chemrxiv-2021-7zh15","title":"In-situ fabrication of metal oxide nanocaps based on biphasic reactions with surface nanodroplets","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; National Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Materials science; Fabrication; Nanotechnology; Oxide; Photocatalysis; Metal; Chemical engineering; Porosity; Catalysis; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Composite material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.030127797894069584,"score_gpt":0.2902670162024823,"score_spread":0.2601392183084127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3213457378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93639016,0.0013402548,0.056365874,0.00011958394,0.00010625269,0.00011821464,0.00037634702,0.0003730301,0.0048102248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9499339,0.00096395536,0.044077616,0.000100471356,0.00001755286,0.00011323694,0.00029119686,0.00012333097,0.0043786494],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99981016,0.000015623154,0.00001661621,0.000062630985,0.000061009887,0.00003406256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998487,0.00004319786,0.000046768553,0.000022726537,0.000021838105,0.000016803362],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019373986,0.00039734034,0.00024842683,0.00019696273,0.00011725909,0.00034621003,0.00035620492,0.00038310987,0.00069003395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024830064,0.0002400464,0.00030582526,0.00013216442,0.00025209392,0.00034925292,0.00039496928,0.00047300904,0.0004415925],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008140767,0.000004880695,0.000016233182,0.000022292057,0.000002190153,0.000016606988,0.000011590429,0.000075520446,0.99929917,0.00006339059,0.000013037659,0.00046705708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001435199,0.000013284268,0.000050122064,9.307951e-7,0.0000019400063,0.000013147721,0.0000028395298,0.0004921017,0.9990349,0.000015076236,0.00037307636,0.000001320101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036251542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006964271,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00069003395,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002708722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015704792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023084283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3217425401","doi":"10.33774/chemrxiv-2021-b36vm","title":"Ultrafast reclamation of fracking effluents using surface-engineered nanosilicon sponges","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Imperial College London; University of Toronto; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Land reclamation; Effluent; Diluent; Environmental science; Waste management; Wastewater; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Nuclear chemistry","score_opus":0.059168354294657416,"score_gpt":0.3189457441391442,"score_spread":0.25977738984448684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3217425401","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98926485,0.00033821168,0.008557813,0.00007171176,0.000018817513,0.000012321716,0.00009960808,0.00014123933,0.0014953879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99188447,0.00030135657,0.0043444247,0.000033008197,0.0000039502866,0.000011732698,0.000082089995,0.00005509344,0.003283949],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999325,0.000006615603,0.0000038091284,0.000013736022,0.000023358367,0.000019903702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999223,0.000017622191,0.000024918481,0.000008971748,0.000015768328,0.000010435914],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012664378,0.00027123117,0.00012334388,0.00011252783,0.00010469243,0.0001785006,0.00014068172,0.00015698251,0.0008542186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017455581,0.00008077462,0.00015565682,0.00009462562,0.00017080487,0.0002667018,0.00020305587,0.00029890932,0.0002729857],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001912436,0.000005383224,0.000062700085,0.000026629014,0.0000017511874,0.000025021918,0.000018468314,0.00019415125,0.9986278,0.00004207618,0.000029989642,0.00094678364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010263518,0.000031662606,0.00020303868,0.0000011218455,0.0000010563617,0.000014602551,0.000008882102,0.00045438236,0.9988004,0.000007958821,0.00047426744,0.0000015140257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006394312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014421722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008542186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001720745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009877355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002857685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200214884","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2021.12.024","title":"Bioengineered solar harvesting systems for next generation applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Solar Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Computer science; Scalability; Energy harvesting; Solar fuel; Biochemical engineering; Systems engineering; Materials science; Photocatalysis; Engineering; Energy (signal processing); Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.08016022634442087,"score_gpt":0.2910165195919005,"score_spread":0.21085629324747962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200214884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5988219,0.045091122,0.29273927,0.0021962484,0.0030790062,0.0003050988,0.002309669,0.002251424,0.053206358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85865486,0.013656882,0.0859299,0.0005859088,0.0001765914,0.00018378966,0.001124185,0.00018928481,0.039498664],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999504,0.000004069097,0.0000032780317,0.000012253976,0.000022976647,0.0000070758165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999956,0.0000093813105,0.000009603919,0.000006237982,0.000012561929,0.000006217752],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013404984,0.00026324636,0.00019544161,0.00016502642,0.00014064215,0.0005005801,0.00030265265,0.00043456466,0.0031382963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014524136,0.00014551014,0.0001693757,0.00025241743,0.00015570804,0.00066133146,0.0002237101,0.00064208097,0.0010676978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018121986,0.00003892746,0.00006758199,0.00012706534,0.000005668492,0.000024606376,0.000013297229,0.0005818056,0.9794993,0.0015980569,0.0006799661,0.017345594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009010168,0.00011707575,0.0005591512,0.00002199077,0.000012979332,0.00005681805,0.000026015903,0.005006991,0.96766245,0.0010546112,0.025460497,0.000012353352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018368542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00069302495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031382963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024681955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017587717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010498643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200516320","doi":"10.1016/j.aej.2021.11.063","title":"Viability of a hybrid desalinisation system using concentrated photovoltaics receivers to power seawater desalination","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alexandria Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut interdisciplinaire d'innovation technologique; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation; King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","keywords":"Desalination; Environmental science; Photovoltaic system; Process engineering; Photovoltaics; Seawater; Electricity generation; Renewable energy; Electricity; Power (physics); Environmental engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.022717275699317748,"score_gpt":0.26355635352261886,"score_spread":0.2408390778233011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200516320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95027226,0.0001086102,0.04433232,0.00007274026,0.000013753329,0.000028376091,0.000069189766,0.00018474672,0.0049181385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954159,0.00004130543,0.0030753927,0.000004440155,0.0000017054884,0.000010834971,0.00001694588,0.0000037636698,0.0014296614],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999938,0.000010027392,0.000002109281,0.000017275752,0.000023835697,0.000008731113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995184,0.0000146937755,0.0000075637936,0.0000070572473,0.000014432828,0.0000044653584],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009448919,0.00017148895,0.0002437336,0.00010333736,0.00025265,0.00044522117,0.00042641655,0.000311951,0.0009739079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012387322,0.00013533999,0.00027404312,0.00009258767,0.00022053381,0.00043383616,0.0002600379,0.00017607585,0.00018128063],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034966567,0.00011812853,0.0050830687,0.0001689783,0.000056724548,0.00035278677,0.00014055644,0.4259568,0.53090423,0.0045956047,0.00045071045,0.03182275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000030415795,0.000579756,0.0023024897,0.000010350862,0.000038673385,0.0000803831,0.00007772488,0.85658824,0.13756058,0.00056329824,0.00215175,0.000016409704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023594855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031102174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023594855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051166594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032280284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004691541},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205956909","doi":"10.1039/d1se01996a","title":"Hydrovoltaic power generation from multiwalled carbon nanotubes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmentally friendly; Carbon nanotube; Materials science; Polarizability; Electricity generation; Frontier; Nanotechnology; Interface (matter); Power (physics); Voltage; Engineering physics; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Physics; Wetting; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.013857912307973164,"score_gpt":0.24262276211307243,"score_spread":0.22876484980509926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205956909","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9233838,0.009342723,0.032885317,0.0017039424,0.0006195096,0.00003849353,0.00031777192,0.00026234027,0.031446185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98984236,0.0023165436,0.0029656321,0.000116595875,0.000054006192,0.000010565013,0.00010843849,0.000025342384,0.0045605297],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999956,0.0000040923805,0.0000015120726,0.000009796591,0.00002072997,0.000007758068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999695,0.000009073666,0.000005494526,0.000002664622,0.000007801628,0.000005558885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000065448534,0.0001350543,0.0000853133,0.00016668155,0.00013818528,0.00021179568,0.00014172021,0.00027120556,0.0015333578],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014592908,0.00008667023,0.00009095068,0.00011698826,0.00019064278,0.0005050602,0.00029036176,0.00036741805,0.00034281335],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050720773,0.00002268689,0.00014956835,0.00015578122,0.0000052448263,0.00016857206,0.000034004384,0.00075608876,0.9681925,0.006506475,0.001112073,0.022846311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014165747,0.00009790701,0.00052325666,0.000014043664,0.0000041818157,0.00008599014,0.000024212894,0.0056975596,0.98006433,0.0018860763,0.011580722,0.0000075535954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008382832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018611146,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015333578,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013873306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057216013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051295757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206970580","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04216","title":"Kinetics of Sorption in Hygroscopic Hydrogels","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":188,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre; Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology","keywords":"Self-healing hydrogels; Kinetics; Sorption; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Polymer; Nanoporous; Water vapor; Porosity; Porous medium; Water transport; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Water flow","score_opus":0.018656746658440294,"score_gpt":0.2626093015602924,"score_spread":0.24395255490185208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206970580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666704,0.0015598128,0.02648265,0.00024730124,0.000036665195,0.00007103878,0.00058544596,0.00015956677,0.004187085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99316,0.0011336699,0.002877717,0.000052663636,0.000009585704,0.000040218234,0.00023717481,0.00003246732,0.002456379],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998801,0.000010489124,0.000005599211,0.00003473413,0.000037089492,0.00003200087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987555,0.00006235127,0.000025066614,0.00000875493,0.000018689067,0.00000962418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017854177,0.0003596595,0.00020985027,0.00013015773,0.00013571851,0.00025284593,0.0003039478,0.00024817567,0.001408289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037640656,0.00017133498,0.00025304247,0.00011814543,0.00028922182,0.0006604075,0.00027200027,0.0006322029,0.00026745806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008217826,0.000035080382,0.0005768277,0.00020293222,0.000015568265,0.00013718187,0.00011113704,0.01531482,0.97534037,0.003614437,0.00037407156,0.004195442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000124552635,0.00013677079,0.0010811482,0.000013709103,0.000008287655,0.00009632823,0.000047905818,0.18645582,0.80914867,0.0009342095,0.0020348257,0.000029815206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016307273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011435366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016307273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042260817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022475857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004711151},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210367199","doi":"10.1115/imece2021-72073","title":"Near Field Resonant Capacitive Heating of Water","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Evaporation; Tailings; Porosity; Environmental science; Capacitive sensing; Fossil fuel; Voltage; Petroleum engineering; Process engineering; Waste management; Composite material; Electrical engineering; Metallurgy; Geology","score_opus":0.027965349157928674,"score_gpt":0.2894345209054683,"score_spread":0.2614691717475396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210367199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94310904,0.000988272,0.045535687,0.00025664343,0.00019563617,0.00007457147,0.00017107098,0.00039028752,0.009278699],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990528,0.00021291408,0.0049819523,0.0000926682,0.000027881757,0.000025875463,0.000038818933,0.000018002213,0.004073936],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99976903,0.000020836147,0.000005766543,0.000071917995,0.00008792019,0.000044550856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989915,0.00003965741,0.000016622727,0.0000118726375,0.000024559678,0.000008187422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001286835,0.00028632345,0.0002216295,0.00016560493,0.00016540103,0.00030966167,0.00041334328,0.00033045124,0.0026828886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024384189,0.00015393565,0.0001744603,0.00017536792,0.00027770034,0.00050465984,0.00039753964,0.00026602324,0.0005422227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055226472,0.000010449837,0.0000649028,0.000047252302,0.0000024361323,0.000024709501,0.00003091036,0.00013776834,0.99470735,0.00013661555,0.000114123155,0.0046682074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009880853,0.0001513008,0.0005523273,0.0000034233526,0.0000049463265,0.00007089027,0.000036869642,0.003629445,0.9931403,0.00009374657,0.002300124,0.000006807195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001670561,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00027152896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026828886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028013965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008899551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008975148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210432966","doi":"10.18186/thermal.1067015","title":"Thermoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization of a novel trigeneration system consisting of kalina and humidification- dehumidification desalination cycles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Thermal Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Process engineering; Desalination; Exergy efficiency; Environmental science; Condenser (optics); Multi-objective optimization; Mass flow rate; Organic Rankine cycle; Waste heat; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mathematics; Heat exchanger; Mathematical optimization; Chemistry","score_opus":0.024414648512281298,"score_gpt":0.2556510124619296,"score_spread":0.2312363639496483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210432966","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9100279,0.000883585,0.07254641,0.00033896317,0.00006227467,0.00018337139,0.0002740733,0.000094467956,0.015588922],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921123,0.000194529,0.00546483,0.000014654015,0.0000046278665,0.00009943295,0.00006652257,0.0000073380806,0.0020358758],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980885,0.000055560868,0.000010072212,0.00003614229,0.000043524058,0.00004588559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978894,0.00011485942,0.00003632973,0.000009449543,0.00002953854,0.000020857316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006166509,0.0007431071,0.0010329457,0.00063422066,0.00064280163,0.0014433737,0.0004996386,0.0008960916,0.0020089066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005521091,0.00046747882,0.0009788699,0.0004907645,0.00048792295,0.0006119431,0.00060318457,0.00062244164,0.00014160741],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085920445,0.00004704825,0.0005733006,0.00006445309,0.000020537125,0.00008552575,0.000013305315,0.9929483,0.0027393282,0.0005689704,0.00008887878,0.0027644555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013034546,0.00013111264,0.0006720685,0.0000035834646,0.000017237513,0.000009145097,0.000021034513,0.9978255,0.00097222504,0.00014899347,0.00017944111,0.00000665963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008165087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006476526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008165087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012932036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010890736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016235113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210768319","doi":"10.3390/en15031141","title":"Investigating the Impact of Plumbing Configuration on Energy Savings for Falling-Film Drain Water Heat Recovery Systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"TRNSYS; Heat exchanger; Work (physics); Heat recovery ventilation; Energy recovery; Electricity; Transient (computer programming); Environmental science; Energy (signal processing); Nuclear engineering; Engineering; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0316603515658567,"score_gpt":0.28519172277955906,"score_spread":0.2535313712137024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210768319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99598867,0.00012830818,0.0019054948,0.000026989463,0.0000093443405,0.000020362262,0.00012679436,0.00005279827,0.0017412492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981402,0.000071031354,0.0010443906,0.0000052575133,0.0000012650456,0.000007391697,0.00008010389,0.000011780097,0.0006385309],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980515,0.000047948204,0.0000114825525,0.00003567043,0.00005594103,0.000043865675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965394,0.00019980333,0.000028017845,0.00002645915,0.00007672371,0.000015030892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033481792,0.00046924505,0.0003457041,0.0003849229,0.00029820003,0.0005095947,0.000352016,0.00033360557,0.0025135763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00074293854,0.00018088988,0.00044213142,0.00046583096,0.00014964635,0.0007436986,0.00026996466,0.00026310934,0.0002867182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0023564526,0.0009537605,0.023356972,0.000674568,0.00012534011,0.00043611988,0.0001636484,0.70999557,0.18102299,0.0008171853,0.001003311,0.079094075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008643031,0.005252916,0.042823184,0.000040125924,0.00021834725,0.00012794639,0.000652293,0.6803821,0.26689306,0.00054196094,0.0029127493,0.000068900634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036234548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0058288365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0036234548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004616602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024611503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008408785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210902646","doi":"10.1002/aesr.202100196","title":"Water‐Enabled Electricity Generation: A Perspective","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Commercialization; Electricity generation; Electricity; Sustainability; Environmental science; Electric potential energy; Electric power; Environmental economics; Process engineering; Power (physics); Business; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.039976905571049604,"score_gpt":0.37168539370474823,"score_spread":0.33170848813369863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210902646","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008511724,0.9651641,0.002704521,0.0052430737,0.0015152754,0.000009705909,0.000037094593,0.000016188158,0.024458982],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.010594518,0.9797109,0.0014745069,0.0018003903,0.0016467693,0.000019752075,0.000029327959,0.000007727385,0.0047161025],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984336,0.00002973883,0.000008084873,0.000032319484,0.000057881327,0.000028493081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980026,0.000098484976,0.000015308045,0.000008187316,0.00005120138,0.0000265957],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045981497,0.0007212252,0.00067039777,0.0012972845,0.00052455434,0.0018987319,0.00074538233,0.002517562,0.00597344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038397402,0.0003395432,0.00046574505,0.0012364025,0.0013041793,0.004671736,0.0011427859,0.0030734157,0.002185723],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009592005,0.00021404648,0.00026738364,0.012669794,0.000059886694,0.001229471,0.00026694286,0.0025470592,0.020061884,0.5616545,0.06315607,0.33777702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007074936,0.00018248797,0.00018302338,0.0011187862,0.000014711314,0.00059520203,0.00016880437,0.00076743605,0.0021847596,0.05218922,0.94256693,0.000021537442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007234318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013170701,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00597344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010947166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00073259685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019983113},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210927286","doi":"10.29169/1927-5129.2022.18.02","title":"Impact of Sand Filled Glass Bottles on Performance of Conventional Solar Still","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bottle; Exergy efficiency; Materials science; Environmental science; Solar energy; Composite material; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Exergy; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.032183084895661705,"score_gpt":0.30769169117430983,"score_spread":0.27550860627864815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210927286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988105,0.00018243464,0.00034568907,0.000010819646,0.000013992106,0.000017739354,0.00015185746,0.000026411073,0.00044047183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99775463,0.00023913414,0.0010812657,0.000012611985,0.000003740978,0.0000139304175,0.00013855487,0.000012515903,0.00074368046],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994035,0.000048214373,0.000046914854,0.00008966269,0.0003245533,0.00008717706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995459,0.00011246707,0.00009259153,0.00004747264,0.00015847004,0.000043068383],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029312738,0.00051818567,0.00046748284,0.00027479138,0.00032184407,0.0007383554,0.00047996064,0.0004324849,0.0014472661],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073810597,0.00019931897,0.00046183012,0.0003700448,0.00023812383,0.00055854034,0.00035450983,0.00022644365,0.00023853012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012997913,0.00015304895,0.0034691344,0.00030179537,0.00003257556,0.00024573467,0.000097366064,0.0016508846,0.9847436,0.00009029923,0.00008264376,0.007833356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001773904,0.0024029366,0.011040223,0.000012062068,0.00007816701,0.000087524706,0.00026649635,0.0021492024,0.9829957,0.000026454516,0.00089831,0.000025250612],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042934194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006734242,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042934194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005576823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034975287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008536816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214525524","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2022.102053","title":"A conceptual optimum design for a high-efficiency solar-assisted desalination system based on economic, exergy, energy, and environmental (4E) criteria","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Exergy efficiency; Desalination; Yield (engineering); Inflation (cosmology); Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.0191819554906922,"score_gpt":0.2736681208422221,"score_spread":0.2544861653515299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214525524","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07325119,0.000527441,0.89983517,0.00046236318,0.000069790294,0.0004383754,0.00024211376,0.00031807806,0.024855528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9017657,0.00037234547,0.0915016,0.00007095672,0.000023306375,0.00069719274,0.000111173635,0.000056625657,0.0054010814],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996315,0.00007304711,0.00001490146,0.00008984236,0.00014325012,0.00004748862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987257,0.000042690233,0.000021581503,0.0000075937733,0.000048160146,0.0000074248064],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067466777,0.0006814097,0.0010715077,0.0005610738,0.0010749118,0.0021991492,0.0009860354,0.0013707269,0.004854952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000673287,0.00072118436,0.0008625938,0.0005093213,0.00068278034,0.0012580323,0.00069213886,0.0006199474,0.0005046449],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001678565,0.00007492508,0.0004078347,0.0003977551,0.000044300425,0.00013156135,0.00011027095,0.9197972,0.031223545,0.022815589,0.0008174983,0.024011778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000060932467,0.00023885962,0.00041431584,0.000020496112,0.000045864323,0.000041463936,0.0000731,0.9851891,0.0069296076,0.0035811267,0.0033814653,0.000023790786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0034700392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00591598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004854952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012938861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021974517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.016241431},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214818223","doi":"10.1109/ccwc54503.2022.9720759","title":"Design and Economic Analysis of Solar Powered Drinking Water Reverse Osmosis Desalination System for a Community in Pakistan","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Water scarcity; Economic shortage; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Population; Solar energy; Water resources; Environmental economics; Engineering; Waste management; Economics","score_opus":0.04418443207836094,"score_gpt":0.31753111809560924,"score_spread":0.2733466860172483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214818223","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.831029,0.0005115225,0.1343102,0.00046717498,0.000057770685,0.0004443642,0.00030514738,0.00046527133,0.03240959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99031657,0.000112374546,0.006452604,0.000012587169,0.0000040932114,0.000055703862,0.000037755766,0.000008445519,0.0029998356],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998053,0.00004630559,0.000008843166,0.000028807952,0.00007297187,0.000037888727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984705,0.00004851664,0.00002476133,0.000005303848,0.00006339977,0.000010918904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032630135,0.00035367018,0.0004542451,0.0003216223,0.0007000847,0.0007729222,0.00047499078,0.00043059196,0.0027485602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024819814,0.00026247997,0.0004704516,0.00015876135,0.0002425608,0.00027814443,0.00026594358,0.00022477785,0.0001653203],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037222463,0.00012573409,0.0037777936,0.00034342485,0.00006123111,0.00057998224,0.00012869701,0.9279085,0.038173877,0.0025429646,0.00095754955,0.025028057],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000057227786,0.0006291381,0.0031073126,0.000012545515,0.000071820745,0.0000844973,0.00013866155,0.98152643,0.011663903,0.0004007146,0.0022901653,0.000017499156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012757374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012591013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012757374,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012810511,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010954253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.025366187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220908191","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2022.100763","title":"Thermal performance analysis of a solar still with different absorber plates and external copper condenser","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Condenser (optics); Desalination; Condensation; Solar still; Materials science; Evaporation; Distillation; Copper; Distilled water; Evaporator; Heat transfer; Environmental engineering; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Composite material; Environmental science; Optics; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Metallurgy; Mechanics; Meteorology; Engineering; Physics; Chromatography","score_opus":0.01345763151157375,"score_gpt":0.2345092414072276,"score_spread":0.22105160989565384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220908191","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955869,0.00020490041,0.0027239157,0.000038608447,0.000028414783,0.000012268374,0.00018812728,0.00010143335,0.0011155488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972154,0.00007386839,0.0006749011,0.0000102076365,0.000004964615,0.0000085948805,0.00009181906,0.000016821652,0.001903391],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997032,0.00002530863,0.000012489764,0.00009116925,0.000110256326,0.000057534944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968886,0.00006539776,0.00003279183,0.000038927305,0.00014514013,0.000028948352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022320643,0.0004169879,0.00043422548,0.00030583315,0.00035800398,0.0003637265,0.00063716696,0.00043683487,0.0032897932],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003335499,0.00020217511,0.00045554555,0.00040875832,0.00034445612,0.0005430127,0.0001946685,0.00024232338,0.0004275365],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017406256,0.000108014996,0.0027832408,0.00029129774,0.00008341476,0.00013689828,0.00018254433,0.008525346,0.9738458,0.00021154017,0.00058187096,0.011509404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006325663,0.0014255156,0.014678573,0.000009423094,0.00011436493,0.0000646966,0.00020646263,0.026619328,0.9553135,0.000042658947,0.001432793,0.000029450073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004252386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005332476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004252386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056557317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040140963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011005461},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225498990","doi":"10.1039/d1ta11029b","title":"Energy harvesting by vitrimer-based moist-electric generators","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Shaanxi University of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Moisture; Electric energy; High voltage; Voltage; Self-healing; Composite material; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Power (physics); Physics","score_opus":0.016363572143863546,"score_gpt":0.2509129276599006,"score_spread":0.23454935551603703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225498990","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9489323,0.0017417027,0.040162217,0.00032967766,0.00011529976,0.000070555645,0.00023094406,0.00053498795,0.007882304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9841383,0.00053549214,0.008737323,0.000106185755,0.00002437107,0.000026257489,0.000110200795,0.00003854499,0.0062832213],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999434,0.0000057799157,0.0000030072038,0.000018613082,0.000018669278,0.000010576477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999546,0.000010780799,0.000015820791,0.0000058569376,0.00000689656,0.000005990961],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010474894,0.00016060952,0.00013667227,0.00014199331,0.0000682574,0.00023856673,0.00031812387,0.0002875619,0.0019252965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017532863,0.000112026995,0.00009580714,0.00015877074,0.0001440497,0.0004161359,0.00026626355,0.00031278247,0.00038978015],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003869353,0.000021786149,0.00011821728,0.00005136802,0.0000041563185,0.000048240832,0.000016966553,0.0002836786,0.9904687,0.00051172276,0.00031744933,0.008118999],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019862373,0.000086033935,0.00068805227,0.0000042270635,0.0000038845546,0.000080549704,0.000007916197,0.004627888,0.9910204,0.00012746315,0.00332794,0.0000058295777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000058886846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016984342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019252965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012044273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055931687,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064407587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235674480","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.11.01.005","title":"Simulation and Economic Analysis of Solar Thermal Cogeneration System for Production of Heat and Pure Water using Membrane Distillation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"TRNSYS; Cogeneration; Payback period; Heat exchanger; Engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Membrane distillation; Solar energy; Thermal; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Nuclear engineering; Mechanical engineering; Desalination; Electricity generation; Production (economics); Meteorology; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.012650913532840098,"score_gpt":0.23215110966253974,"score_spread":0.21950019612969965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4235674480","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9240787,0.00044854873,0.034501567,0.000417618,0.000062036146,0.00012123151,0.0009211288,0.00022234078,0.03922685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99296135,0.00014562368,0.0030516523,0.000015954442,0.000004279207,0.00006345141,0.0001848443,0.00001905789,0.0035537966],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986887,0.000031862895,0.000004814653,0.00001628214,0.000035264537,0.000042946354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997563,0.00012999991,0.0000262872,0.000011458112,0.00005503225,0.000020924952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026756266,0.000541892,0.0006040786,0.00045122908,0.00057144446,0.0008084514,0.000576197,0.0008359628,0.004123238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047915583,0.00036013225,0.00083268306,0.00040052572,0.00030073646,0.00062912994,0.00036283123,0.0005013238,0.0002315292],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039595277,0.000022449298,0.0009594243,0.000027979826,0.000008831808,0.000056278226,0.000011884928,0.9962108,0.000829143,0.0006102943,0.00014571757,0.0010775396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009425878,0.000029827923,0.00048552366,0.0000025482452,0.0000058292208,0.000006405542,0.000019721127,0.9986071,0.00046427178,0.00014865796,0.00021792992,0.0000027615074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022984967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017364262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022984967,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012688072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009630705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.045702398},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4238951711","doi":"10.5004/dwt.2021.27288","title":"Concentrated solar thermal cogeneration for zero liquid discharge seawater desalination in the Middle East: case study on Kuwait","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Environmental science; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Cogeneration; Seawater; Geothermal desalination; Solar energy; Environmental engineering; Thermal energy storage; Thermal energy; Solar desalination; Reverse osmosis; Waste management; Electricity generation; Engineering; Power (physics); Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Electrical engineering; Geology","score_opus":0.10713835156249263,"score_gpt":0.32064091221868135,"score_spread":0.21350256065618872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4238951711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99822646,0.000027561475,0.0004141052,0.000015098872,0.0000012910702,0.000022361593,0.000031604934,0.000011891317,0.0012496306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818295,0.000054863962,0.000621184,0.0000038260127,0.0000011254573,0.000010167742,0.000037302565,0.0000040525138,0.001084536],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997863,0.00005954751,0.00001248954,0.000026688778,0.000042426524,0.000072504525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998363,0.000060031973,0.000023356875,0.000016268636,0.00003865096,0.000025338662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029124148,0.0007998747,0.0004348781,0.0006208849,0.0013093082,0.0008403767,0.00074888027,0.0008714366,0.0014377492],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002906739,0.00025103835,0.00052894274,0.0009981195,0.00062124414,0.0004165088,0.00047253925,0.00028081593,0.00020549832],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0025887254,0.003370992,0.08048485,0.0011114359,0.00032418824,0.037520356,0.0041094315,0.6991367,0.08064415,0.004585292,0.001523079,0.08460078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059881585,0.0050484366,0.2165736,0.00013326506,0.0006220871,0.002271464,0.01885347,0.5910896,0.15171745,0.0011107948,0.011752461,0.00022858236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08258009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11840787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08258009,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025477624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007828828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16419882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4240673016","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2021-7zh15","title":"In-situ fabrication of metal oxide nanocaps based on biphasic reactions with surface nanodroplets","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Nanomaterials; Materials science; Fabrication; Photocatalysis; Nanotechnology; Oxide; Chemical engineering; Metal; Surface energy; Porosity; Catalysis; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Composite material","score_opus":0.031157492942269355,"score_gpt":0.28481409344913233,"score_spread":0.253656600506863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4240673016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93812543,0.0013075649,0.05476714,0.00012566787,0.00010304961,0.00012743787,0.00042003096,0.00039261044,0.004631171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9495781,0.0009703113,0.044470884,0.00010378155,0.000017800434,0.0001318669,0.00030738759,0.0001208788,0.004299079],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998161,0.000014644974,0.000016497064,0.00006047373,0.000059575585,0.000032734195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985003,0.00004184798,0.000046386875,0.000022544677,0.000022250955,0.000016890175],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018877674,0.00039084503,0.00024132227,0.00019833088,0.000116759795,0.0003386382,0.0003586638,0.00037038198,0.00066179485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002455101,0.0002304588,0.00030965664,0.0001312629,0.0002454907,0.0003360132,0.00037189704,0.00048749827,0.00042109593],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008166468,0.000005040989,0.000016383412,0.00002257328,0.0000022282727,0.000015882846,0.00001154408,0.00007100617,0.9992853,0.00006471527,0.0000137071165,0.00048335613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014469936,0.000013348298,0.000051594296,9.367599e-7,0.000001929149,0.000011972723,0.00000282011,0.0004500506,0.9990921,0.000014303845,0.00035828468,0.0000013014879],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038222558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075777876,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00066179485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000290204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001691446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0022138953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4245077531","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.07.02.005","title":"Modeling Triple Solar Still Production Using Jordan Weather Data and Artificial Neural Networks","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solar still; Environmental science; Artificial neural network; Structural basin; Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Computer science; Geology; Artificial intelligence; Geography","score_opus":0.0274901341671573,"score_gpt":0.24619942991276453,"score_spread":0.2187092957456072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4245077531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9689744,0.00011775069,0.027931446,0.000086713524,0.000025589436,0.000034674875,0.00057072676,0.00018762714,0.0020709927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949007,0.00006779457,0.003867041,0.0000066405714,0.000006254252,0.00002554531,0.00045202655,0.00001034562,0.00066353654],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998586,0.000034102726,0.000013083956,0.000041699543,0.00003051409,0.000021880305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999534,0.0002645059,0.000064012325,0.000025798458,0.00009088941,0.000020824633],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004142243,0.00062334555,0.000358699,0.0004859218,0.00021856296,0.000630768,0.00040795756,0.00060386333,0.00072824815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010865673,0.00033708854,0.00042159518,0.0006819665,0.00018877532,0.0007534774,0.00027103702,0.00043821285,0.00015360251],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036910627,0.00003718143,0.005236579,0.000017690483,0.0000192691,0.00004920978,0.000011109384,0.98952883,0.00075018854,0.000114978626,0.000092388276,0.0041055856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015874099,0.000006995356,0.00149831,0.0000011994334,0.0000019028565,0.0000018356328,0.000005384117,0.9981098,0.00026848837,0.000062364095,0.000039908948,0.0000022571608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020532362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019997843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020532362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00073804514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047054217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.040825725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4246259844","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.10.02.009","title":"Exergy Analysis of Modified Solar Still","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Cooling tower; Heat exchanger; Solar still; Environmental science; Exergy efficiency; Mass flow rate; Volumetric flow rate; Brackish water; Mass flow; Environmental engineering; Tower; Meteorology; Atmospheric sciences; Water cooling; Engineering; Mechanics; Mechanical engineering; Waste management; Desalination; Chemistry; Geography; Physics; Geology; Salinity; Structural engineering","score_opus":0.018435920629986793,"score_gpt":0.2379001613312458,"score_spread":0.21946424070125903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4246259844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930996,0.00018054053,0.0044082897,0.000013939992,0.0000070087326,0.0000387246,0.00053105905,0.00004820136,0.0016726308],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99548715,0.00013779852,0.0015637493,0.000006695003,0.0000012997597,0.000022455786,0.00048152174,0.000027058139,0.0022722029],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998723,0.000007899791,0.000008090167,0.000027431448,0.000062278334,0.000022027878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991727,0.000013283075,0.0000077659915,0.000011821774,0.000041401618,0.000008559806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015000808,0.0003530547,0.00044904527,0.00051473995,0.00017283604,0.00031325757,0.00039294313,0.000274772,0.0019004914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017055357,0.00015310725,0.0005361731,0.00056193245,0.0002302451,0.00047894372,0.00019785964,0.00020208974,0.00030541065],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036550924,0.00006773929,0.0054445947,0.00022045182,0.00003699209,0.00022032004,0.00009741741,0.02547315,0.95395553,0.00022388692,0.00011567897,0.013778745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039117742,0.0011284152,0.05212338,0.0000098360515,0.000072919494,0.00014631772,0.00018937522,0.037414335,0.9053697,0.000291973,0.0031849078,0.000029674871],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025971208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039449814,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025971208,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050144497,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000212836,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006357789},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4252378687","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14665605.v1","title":"Development of a hybrid solar cascade heat pump heating system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Heat pump; Renewable energy; Cascade; Fossil fuel; Environmental science; Process engineering; Solar energy; Meteorology; Solar System; Solar water heating; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Electrical engineering; Waste management; Physics; Heat exchanger","score_opus":0.04345000436194653,"score_gpt":0.2948241405616413,"score_spread":0.2513741361996948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4252378687","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4649998,0.0015491552,0.47861913,0.00062293955,0.0007088283,0.0014589194,0.0012029114,0.0059109624,0.044927392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83657855,0.00079460273,0.14130615,0.00010698123,0.000061894316,0.0005003398,0.00049133477,0.00008343578,0.020076752],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978095,0.000020853311,0.000014899239,0.000054475247,0.00010375325,0.00002504336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999368,0.000008865163,0.000007294398,0.000008309137,0.000029941564,0.000008820231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021886679,0.00029413743,0.00034735276,0.00028284622,0.00034092757,0.0005153762,0.0006704591,0.0004252367,0.003937125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017600735,0.00024948549,0.00043512468,0.00022233493,0.00011333257,0.0005032852,0.00038213376,0.00038424061,0.0012073301],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000379591,0.00028804663,0.004429384,0.0011599471,0.000084819,0.00081115717,0.00035507124,0.027562764,0.6825332,0.0048540984,0.0072360593,0.27030596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001948335,0.0024297745,0.010217532,0.00010554072,0.00015810376,0.0012328839,0.00017679734,0.23294069,0.6415132,0.00097290485,0.10991379,0.00014394647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007106687,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007090529,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003937125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022625935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043349742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013171017},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4254431032","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.11.02.002","title":"Performance Improvement of Shallow Solar Pond using Nanoparticles","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Solar energy; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waves and shallow water; Work (physics); Engineering; Geology; Mechanical engineering; Electrical engineering; Oceanography","score_opus":0.01966157844259566,"score_gpt":0.23026841116884475,"score_spread":0.21060683272624908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4254431032","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950304,0.00036845607,0.0028731332,0.00006433939,0.000035805206,0.000012423776,0.0001233012,0.00023244084,0.0012597094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949654,0.00025230096,0.0026783329,0.00002676207,0.0000054760617,0.0000131923325,0.00009437369,0.000018968609,0.0019452329],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998491,0.000011873448,0.0000118153885,0.000037820275,0.000061764375,0.000027604487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985933,0.000032197127,0.000023418259,0.00001587042,0.000052922744,0.000016263377],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015794614,0.00021524374,0.00031066203,0.00016383546,0.00021618902,0.00027682455,0.00027411472,0.00041510462,0.0010456248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027142258,0.00015450445,0.00033931667,0.00018222252,0.00012944592,0.00033821506,0.0002520365,0.00027229893,0.00027264858],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071840106,0.000030590043,0.0003929668,0.00008269085,0.000004236192,0.00007005698,0.000035962676,0.00043568906,0.9948886,0.000039661467,0.00013982289,0.0038078006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005240826,0.00024456484,0.0012250614,0.000004046523,0.000007812638,0.00004882237,0.00002621348,0.0021816806,0.9955729,0.000016311717,0.00066170946,0.0000055939286],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004975871,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010575565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010456248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015079671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010545893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034979582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281630344","doi":"10.3390/membranes12060564","title":"Membrane Photobioreactor Applied for Municipal Wastewater Treatment at a High Solids Retention Time: Effects of Microalgae Decay on Treatment Performance and Biomass Properties","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Effluent; Pulp and paper industry; Biomass (ecology); Extracellular polymeric substance; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Nutrient; Filtration (mathematics); Phosphorus; Hydraulic retention time; Membrane fouling; Total suspended solids; Chemistry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemical oxygen demand; Membrane; Agronomy; Fouling; Biofilm; Biology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023804077846898638,"score_gpt":0.2349794806872454,"score_spread":0.21117540284034675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281630344","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99568826,0.0019165687,0.0019585236,0.00007478982,0.000021464537,0.000016082484,0.000045559147,0.000045543333,0.00023326249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99546957,0.0013892984,0.0019095448,0.000085665844,0.0000074612294,0.000028846247,0.00009902834,0.000019190396,0.0009913616],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996755,0.00003065017,0.000036822956,0.00006383514,0.00011570377,0.00007751503],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998485,0.000022652077,0.000041446965,0.0000120114655,0.0000500076,0.000025337182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003437259,0.00064478436,0.0009695875,0.0002700769,0.0003847571,0.0005366315,0.000354036,0.0008276946,0.00063300924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029035704,0.00024138464,0.0010429726,0.0003547646,0.00019311704,0.00075883704,0.00044253984,0.0008278969,0.00027102022],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009121107,0.000032972297,0.00021870405,0.00007750719,0.000010110227,0.00003617574,0.00001972318,0.00009533684,0.9976069,0.000010122875,0.00001910326,0.0017820672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011723163,0.00050366326,0.003493924,0.000007329658,0.000034980945,0.00006860816,0.000052169944,0.0014096954,0.99394447,0.000008512085,0.0004510915,0.000013848691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037938931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004484434,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037938931,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005377149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004052468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0075436234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283069461","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115894","title":"An integrated solar energy, wastewater treatment and desalination plant for hydrogen and freshwater production","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Wastewater; Desalination; Sewage treatment; Waste management; Environmental science; Solar energy; Chemical oxygen demand; Environmental engineering; Hydrogen; Chemistry; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.017315856342155062,"score_gpt":0.24079089158219205,"score_spread":0.22347503524003698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283069461","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92834395,0.00022980322,0.050516266,0.00017968648,0.000098054516,0.0002717875,0.0006219563,0.0016856344,0.018052815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9635267,0.00012587913,0.021268133,0.00007091507,0.000018671333,0.000111284215,0.0003680931,0.00003406146,0.014476218],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998099,0.0000094046,0.000005008645,0.000043837903,0.000103712926,0.000028206845],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994266,0.0000059893755,0.0000031862162,0.00000703217,0.00001987983,0.00002116104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008458506,0.00032322315,0.00037874098,0.0002995295,0.0012168492,0.00042663835,0.0006941206,0.00045087677,0.004113028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007872144,0.00021085108,0.00041907444,0.0005251199,0.00016023841,0.0004133843,0.0005812149,0.0005264028,0.0008121267],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00088093145,0.001508155,0.011217067,0.00042687127,0.000061449595,0.0004857402,0.00019322912,0.012147167,0.82639897,0.0013832365,0.004759487,0.14053775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00063192484,0.0037780963,0.07067537,0.000050143753,0.00026081322,0.0009720394,0.00050540996,0.15555196,0.7168201,0.0013692444,0.049272764,0.00011219052],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005396164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013083186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005396164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058616087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016215838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013759434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283079884","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.123103","title":"Heat and mass transfer in hygroscopic hydrogels","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre","keywords":"Self-healing hydrogels; Materials science; Desorption; Mass transfer; Chemical engineering; Water vapor; Thermal diffusivity; Sorption; Heat transfer; Thermal conductivity; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Adsorption; Polymer chemistry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.018917952127618334,"score_gpt":0.2822007956896771,"score_spread":0.2632828435620588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283079884","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994806,0.00051982474,0.0014466646,0.00004498954,0.00001748587,0.000009076821,0.000058967056,0.000017964394,0.0030791296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982509,0.00013018353,0.00032934218,0.000014779416,0.000006078136,0.0000052847463,0.000023043758,0.000006024409,0.0012343414],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993336,0.000010475696,0.0000022503946,0.000012290117,0.000018030589,0.000023569868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993575,0.000027673543,0.000014961524,0.0000044145863,0.00000632537,0.000010852806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001001995,0.00016825281,0.000069119065,0.00011738966,0.000112692986,0.00017298722,0.00013286433,0.00011914361,0.0021652624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014168318,0.000076491066,0.00012719005,0.00007109319,0.00017154586,0.00033001456,0.00017761892,0.00026370306,0.00015577515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013740509,0.000031251875,0.00023887435,0.00007821233,0.0000070299657,0.000080511876,0.00007074249,0.001265219,0.9937569,0.0012782328,0.00014040917,0.002915206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001315393,0.00015788322,0.0013737765,0.0000063179486,0.000005248109,0.000047255777,0.000032787233,0.008413857,0.98898953,0.00016950809,0.0007821028,0.000008483782],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004988489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000537748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021652624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001585553,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008082793,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007243514},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283214174","doi":"10.1109/iemtronics55184.2022.9795758","title":"Design and Analysis of a Solar Powered Water Filtration System for a Community in Black Tickle-Domino","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"2022 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Domino; Filtration (mathematics); Environmental science; Computer science; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04273451367755996,"score_gpt":0.2934255567375904,"score_spread":0.2506910430600304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283214174","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74032164,0.000447776,0.22536778,0.00045772767,0.000053718468,0.0005727994,0.00030633368,0.00094862055,0.031523544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858553,0.00010264066,0.007526516,0.000023447843,0.0000043893883,0.000117249045,0.000042626933,0.000014394762,0.0063134325],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998273,0.000034241628,0.000006676154,0.00003403139,0.000072672476,0.00002510866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990726,0.000018850908,0.000016789707,0.0000058461915,0.00004122517,0.000010019741],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002228664,0.00038368607,0.00040511746,0.0002969554,0.0006892955,0.0008111201,0.00048134403,0.00050640805,0.003048642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019587034,0.00017008261,0.00041372096,0.000151583,0.00024582678,0.00023743644,0.00031056668,0.00018601707,0.00032424324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008042864,0.00032294873,0.007153918,0.00096939615,0.00015544056,0.0017283101,0.0006973977,0.6129111,0.289887,0.0033582656,0.0016237489,0.08038817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012738156,0.0017221991,0.007916645,0.000048781447,0.00011964918,0.00027515466,0.00044219545,0.9394178,0.039732676,0.0006028587,0.009551919,0.00004271711],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009299582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01031914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009299582,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064251863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009237948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01849091},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283456189","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2022.101387","title":"Analytical and experimental study of performance of Pyrex glass Q-dot based passive solar still glass evaporator","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta; Banaras Hindu University","keywords":"Materials science; Evaporator; Glazing; Coating; Fibre-reinforced plastic; Composite material; Passive solar building design; Optics; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Thermal; Physics","score_opus":0.019066230132375538,"score_gpt":0.2783517394107436,"score_spread":0.2592855092783681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283456189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98911,0.00065333507,0.008031258,0.00007694377,0.000033274086,0.000036357418,0.0003472428,0.00017857559,0.0015331185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906053,0.0004869855,0.005077708,0.00005135948,0.000011834475,0.000028789787,0.000271565,0.000021027132,0.0034453447],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999546,0.00004719332,0.000026656167,0.00012887579,0.00019739209,0.00005380854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997905,0.00006676128,0.000027460403,0.000025179384,0.00008204497,0.000008224924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032641244,0.00027762091,0.00022854286,0.00018383049,0.00033461084,0.00033780467,0.00053397013,0.0004599925,0.001175655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032368943,0.00020139897,0.00022362905,0.00025981286,0.0002545119,0.00034458487,0.00020509977,0.00023275605,0.00044438272],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006273331,0.000017997818,0.00048041416,0.00005647977,0.000007920207,0.00004035107,0.000054712684,0.0001350618,0.9974252,0.00005712118,0.0000673077,0.0015945731],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026500697,0.000088928486,0.0015462012,0.0000017648152,0.000007530011,0.000043155305,0.000030331219,0.0010292551,0.9966703,0.000010205716,0.00056533125,0.0000044274125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012839766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027250978,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012839766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033433628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026411217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039328933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289816835","doi":"10.1002/smll.202201949","title":"Exhausted Cr(VI) Sensing/Removal Aerogels Are Recycled for Water Purification and Solar‐Thermal Energy Generation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Henan Normal University","keywords":"Aerogel; Materials science; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Absorption (acoustics); Desalination; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.05797111423215961,"score_gpt":0.2664520719853365,"score_spread":0.20848095775317688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4289816835","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99125177,0.0006780412,0.005761295,0.000054910422,0.000030831252,0.000013453695,0.0002451285,0.00027458012,0.0016899937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99514365,0.00030856358,0.0026966822,0.000018988914,0.0000039851657,0.000008217398,0.00018837235,0.000034958815,0.0015965181],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999087,0.0000056937947,0.0000061748415,0.000023520313,0.00003534935,0.00002043229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993443,0.00000932601,0.000019039468,0.000009886423,0.000017896606,0.000009440062],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095723575,0.0003593534,0.00017113873,0.00023315432,0.000108144086,0.0002702353,0.00019492386,0.00024665202,0.00080289535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015143173,0.00014379703,0.00032832063,0.00015718171,0.00015486198,0.00028469297,0.00019262527,0.00030562736,0.0002216481],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017554894,0.0000048300135,0.0000831342,0.000026282718,0.00000454663,0.000039126564,0.0000083821915,0.00015031696,0.99852055,0.00005591185,0.00003140917,0.0010579892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000016200552,0.000027595846,0.0005403968,0.000003264727,0.000006158787,0.000036282636,0.00000910464,0.0008654755,0.9976809,0.000015239029,0.0008110155,0.0000028550235],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011351688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017511985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011351688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030852744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014417351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002685964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4290995029","doi":"10.1039/d2ta05216d","title":"Aerogels in passive solar thermal desalination: a review","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Renewable energy; Desalination; Carbon footprint; Solar desalination; Environmental science; Solar still; Thermal; Solar energy; Passive solar building design; Geothermal desalination; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Engineering physics; Meteorology; Engineering; Geology; Electrical engineering; Oceanography; Physics; Greenhouse gas; Chemistry","score_opus":0.06553789401597936,"score_gpt":0.35497948462557616,"score_spread":0.2894415906095968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4290995029","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00017386305,0.99894696,0.000091249494,0.000100544785,0.00013165515,0.0000033454446,0.00001559278,0.0000052713413,0.00053150713],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0008050875,0.9986004,0.0001204211,0.00006384949,0.00006890338,0.0000045329703,0.000017172766,9.3961205e-7,0.00031865857],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988306,0.000013567401,0.000014530176,0.000024534282,0.000046083012,0.000018123323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997774,0.000101317164,0.000043571108,0.0000070005844,0.0000484758,0.000022145041],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004995779,0.0009774086,0.001087989,0.0023364006,0.0002879136,0.0009266002,0.0006852725,0.0008522958,0.002849224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048013427,0.00041123372,0.0005266763,0.0025597531,0.00031037309,0.0013504429,0.0006693588,0.0012469193,0.0012812597],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068194444,0.00011338778,0.00017513106,0.0429995,0.00013925058,0.00022684812,0.000081585844,0.0006657659,0.0064361934,0.0062417127,0.027543211,0.91530913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001499138,0.00012258938,0.000574754,0.004487325,0.00015555164,0.0006289141,0.00005893712,0.00013362372,0.0018822511,0.0015896973,0.9903244,0.000027097616],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007582739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020777301,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002849224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003514686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007590309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009531617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292952798","doi":"10.17760/d20429180","title":"Environment-friendly and efficient hornet nest envelope-based photothermal absorber","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Science North","funders":"","keywords":"Solar desalination; Desalination; Evaporation; Seawater; Environmental science; Photothermal therapy; Solar still; Desiccation; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Nest (protein structural motif); Humidity; Ecology; Nanotechnology; Geography; Chemistry; Biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.011511866126662395,"score_gpt":0.2522847644736983,"score_spread":0.2407728983470359,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292952798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9639061,0.0017131178,0.022493012,0.000111783585,0.00005762984,0.00004072857,0.0001531184,0.00014595383,0.011378478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95740986,0.0014024571,0.018775837,0.000079180994,0.000011421691,0.00004000192,0.000240326,0.000042843905,0.021998018],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999695,0.0000023778946,0.000001309756,0.0000063485795,0.000014679691,0.0000057617344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99998367,0.000002618242,0.0000053951208,0.0000015299593,0.000004465186,0.0000023595176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005083963,0.00012614999,0.00010027462,0.00014709138,0.00009760272,0.00017307911,0.000118757285,0.00012876341,0.0019055632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050303883,0.000066672954,0.0001443804,0.00015656439,0.00006172131,0.00023222051,0.00016857317,0.00023874581,0.00047932693],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016006,0.000021509466,0.000103506005,0.000065890374,0.0000023522393,0.000039145896,0.000023901788,0.00018798492,0.99349195,0.0001615752,0.00012470427,0.005761433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005619222,0.00008818154,0.0016165128,0.000008420967,0.0000058571372,0.00009039892,0.00002644122,0.0014011157,0.9892588,0.00003549179,0.007458025,0.0000051639095],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013374559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005481967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019055632,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000674286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057215144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0063747168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293824836","doi":"10.3390/pr10081626","title":"Evaluating the Performance of a Solar Distillation Technology in the Desalination of Brackish Waters","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Brackish water; Environmental science; Distillation; Solar desalination; Multiple-effect distillation; Salinity; Solar still; Environmental engineering; Geothermal desalination; Aquifer; Groundwater; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Oceanography; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.057750661901129596,"score_gpt":0.35815022454583006,"score_spread":0.30039956264470047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293824836","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9980009,0.00021678036,0.0012277568,0.000014274739,0.000006247577,0.000022361832,0.000042467604,0.000012566289,0.0004565343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969471,0.00036667494,0.0022911343,0.0000062971676,0.0000028327795,0.000010517528,0.000048603113,0.0000038701046,0.0003230801],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998029,0.0000400848,0.000015580874,0.000028347036,0.000089036635,0.000024097219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998528,0.00004171306,0.000022867403,0.000016189873,0.00005044807,0.000016034068],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000293609,0.00028951754,0.00027474057,0.0002737295,0.0002453952,0.00037431717,0.00027529986,0.00030687847,0.00047847148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041669523,0.00012279103,0.00033741168,0.00038118233,0.0001550103,0.00046484207,0.00024213055,0.00026742084,0.00013534399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047219353,0.00045159788,0.00603571,0.00032879945,0.000037749942,0.00012370863,0.000082417224,0.0045717726,0.963296,0.00013034733,0.00007643435,0.024393173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002452695,0.005407443,0.02321493,0.000009676642,0.000067613044,0.0001076662,0.00017068694,0.009713358,0.95987445,0.000055153017,0.0013375632,0.0000168872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011755392,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018408552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011755392,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020450633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018665045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023373365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294630972","doi":"10.1039/d2se00927g","title":"Gold nanoparticle decorated filter papers as hydrovoltaic devices","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Nanoparticle; Filter (signal processing); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Voltage; Colloidal gold; Open-circuit voltage; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.011559142243782655,"score_gpt":0.25083197223015435,"score_spread":0.2392728299863717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294630972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9596786,0.002582894,0.02938521,0.0003200753,0.00045447057,0.00009881166,0.000339567,0.00039611454,0.006744304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722493,0.0014180917,0.014866434,0.00012334755,0.00003720731,0.00004446105,0.00019367409,0.000099685945,0.010967803],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983764,0.000016006508,0.00000852782,0.000044507196,0.000065565,0.000027724107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998851,0.00003534002,0.000023920236,0.000015507498,0.000021991007,0.000018180555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016027325,0.0003228644,0.00018760432,0.00015417891,0.00014570812,0.00057616923,0.00034921427,0.00058158947,0.0012842861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021801995,0.00012187718,0.00026273183,0.00011955604,0.00025962864,0.0003593875,0.00021350919,0.00041034518,0.0005679157],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011004507,0.0000103704615,0.000043770295,0.000042216983,0.0000049607156,0.0000920912,0.00002148951,0.000070475704,0.9975237,0.00018358642,0.00006139899,0.0019348465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000013679979,0.00004007308,0.00013821396,0.0000013927926,0.000002387451,0.000051321946,0.0000064406618,0.00011718092,0.99803334,0.000023745344,0.001582629,0.0000019569313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012982367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024333422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012842861,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018894026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094025316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004296303},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297828449","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2022.139193","title":"MOF-Derived nanoarchitectured carbons in wood sponge enable solar-driven pumping for high-efficiency soil water extraction","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Extraction (chemistry); Coating; Materials science; Water transport; Evaporation; Imidazolate; Water extraction; Evaporator; Carbon fibers; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Water flow","score_opus":0.013144569239793642,"score_gpt":0.23919642100393795,"score_spread":0.2260518517641443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297828449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884347,0.0008163533,0.0043310104,0.00011399792,0.00012625787,0.000016241069,0.00038970017,0.00022006033,0.005551642],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972277,0.00019676982,0.0013386614,0.000026613752,0.000009597366,0.000011150278,0.00010785943,0.000014652599,0.0010669422],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999672,0.0000016018593,0.0000016885236,0.000008792399,0.000009198244,0.000011576739],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999459,0.000011247747,0.0000120882305,0.0000062932736,0.000009908473,0.000014603442],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000038470265,0.00018434021,0.00009383006,0.00015954458,0.00011823435,0.00021450288,0.00018527555,0.00033876573,0.001992963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012557881,0.00010350838,0.00013916552,0.00014687233,0.00014011396,0.0002557761,0.00014228349,0.00036833217,0.00028742212],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006903436,0.000029623314,0.00027261887,0.00014865289,0.000012408426,0.00014407809,0.000025531292,0.001008874,0.9904073,0.0013975139,0.0006025911,0.0058817533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011720421,0.0001818513,0.002967254,0.000016256496,0.000014459296,0.00011625216,0.00004179557,0.0065254257,0.98507845,0.00026356205,0.004759277,0.000023612089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005632798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021476236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001992963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018389958,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000097576194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006667137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306778386","doi":"10.18280/ejee.240403","title":"The Shading Effect on Photovoltaic Generator (GPV) Based on Reverse Osmosis (RO) Desalination System in Algeria","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Electrical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Direction Générale de la Recherche Scientifique et du Développement Technologique","keywords":"Desalination; Photovoltaic system; MATLAB; Shading; Reverse osmosis; Automotive engineering; Solar irradiance; Generator (circuit theory); Engineering; Power (physics); Environmental science; Computer science; Process engineering; Meteorology; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.009490142470313191,"score_gpt":0.21801447964976492,"score_spread":0.20852433717945174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306778386","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927839,0.00016215723,0.0037992399,0.00005407404,0.00001104236,0.000010103579,0.000105283725,0.00008676871,0.0029874186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994142,0.000040454946,0.00026595333,0.000003883869,9.442258e-7,0.0000018694013,0.000022807617,0.0000023578634,0.000247472],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992085,0.000024112385,0.0000047655067,0.000015175618,0.000022018026,0.000013023246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999366,0.000022156637,0.000010529979,0.0000055524506,0.000021214963,0.0000039905935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013023197,0.00019628837,0.0002403134,0.00011949336,0.00022329562,0.00031031837,0.00020660443,0.000258239,0.00074043154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014634921,0.00007674914,0.00016942093,0.00014827329,0.00013894675,0.000167435,0.00014583227,0.0001276536,0.00009546543],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009625234,0.00020215841,0.046131626,0.00069880765,0.00022143591,0.0025202907,0.0005295406,0.678431,0.1906136,0.00169676,0.00226577,0.075726435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008736179,0.0014495037,0.14355434,0.00004120336,0.00020403745,0.00054413464,0.000682696,0.77071536,0.076916724,0.0013894556,0.004365562,0.000049604092],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004917291,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0074384166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004917291,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027599942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015894888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009777367},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306947962","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-t0jzc","title":"Floating Carbon Nitride Composites for Practical Solar Reforming of Pre-treated Wastes to Hydrogen Gas","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; UK Research and Innovation","keywords":"Materials science; Phosphide; Hydrogen production; Hydrogen; Carbon fibers; Biomass (ecology); Catalysis; Nitride; Carbon nitride; Renewable energy; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Composite material; Composite number; Nickel; Photocatalysis; Metallurgy; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.04589277796292656,"score_gpt":0.3398328961434586,"score_spread":0.293940118180532,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306947962","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97700876,0.0025068095,0.012967582,0.00010452504,0.00012143747,0.000055061024,0.00040090634,0.00055514177,0.006279705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898341,0.00066462514,0.0067044306,0.000028731867,0.000009721,0.000024414669,0.00021769151,0.00007669032,0.002439741],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987483,0.000007885351,0.0000066604575,0.00003455573,0.000053584805,0.000022345737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999397,0.000013111849,0.000013553012,0.0000093122635,0.000013058589,0.0000111372665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010424364,0.00045664268,0.00023979155,0.00024067247,0.00015663503,0.00021572737,0.00027467037,0.00033744206,0.0012871136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013371829,0.00018287037,0.00029097474,0.00017687344,0.00015371328,0.00026129544,0.0002606721,0.00051211874,0.0003994217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032407075,0.000011340664,0.000057598136,0.00006939755,0.000004546081,0.00007506613,0.00001593216,0.00023624605,0.99632543,0.00010171636,0.00007634531,0.0029939655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032837963,0.00006277279,0.00056844123,0.000004829866,0.000006261503,0.000081978505,0.000011848751,0.0010844443,0.9964438,0.00002434296,0.0017033977,0.0000046164414],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007463135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027377582,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012871136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030932206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013501143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00430578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308923585","doi":"10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104593","title":"CAU-10-H as efficient water sorbent for solar steam generation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; National Taiwan University","keywords":"Sorbent; Environmental science; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Adsorption","score_opus":0.018565235409013416,"score_gpt":0.2532631415774911,"score_spread":0.23469790616847766,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308923585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854785,0.004237916,0.004590702,0.00014012269,0.00017376662,0.000058491652,0.00013820708,0.00011810502,0.0050641433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98604983,0.001565596,0.0031440868,0.000064009815,0.000022523496,0.000019206042,0.000114868795,0.000018412198,0.009001348],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999212,0.000015201145,0.0000030961207,0.000016074102,0.000024758421,0.00001964917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997306,0.0000050938893,0.0000037470293,0.0000022034037,0.000008381137,0.0000075801727],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014118689,0.00027116004,0.00019089015,0.00023946665,0.00018335416,0.00021741794,0.00028091128,0.00038031393,0.0012886678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007900006,0.0001379107,0.00020228639,0.00014335361,0.00013519837,0.00024758955,0.00018317156,0.00029235258,0.00056706753],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001919497,0.000059226277,0.00019108213,0.00016405336,0.000013018266,0.00006575444,0.000018274417,0.00027043986,0.99024886,0.0001910426,0.00032832194,0.008258017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000128538695,0.0002615173,0.00072889455,0.000004489858,0.0000124619855,0.0000347869,0.000017468677,0.0015790901,0.99399275,0.000018888864,0.0033310493,0.0000058218566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012371365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003808031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012886678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018031507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027645082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0043110847},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309469161","doi":"10.1155/2022/4179612","title":"Performance Evaluation of a Photovoltaic-Thermal Collector Coupled Stepped Solar Still for Indian Climatic Conditions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modelling and Simulation in Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Photovoltaic system; Solar still; Desalination; Solar desalination; Solar energy; Electric potential energy; Environmental engineering; Thermal energy; Meteorology; Hydrology (agriculture); Atmospheric sciences; Engineering; Geography; Mathematics; Energy (signal processing); Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.04785593107967887,"score_gpt":0.2951591137721406,"score_spread":0.24730318269246174,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309469161","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98848116,0.0002045898,0.0065670246,0.00006647914,0.000031937583,0.000048158545,0.00021315503,0.00036209752,0.0040254267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99838805,0.000066117405,0.00074893725,0.0000112534035,0.000001885652,0.0000131188735,0.0000779953,0.000011375788,0.00068126415],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999818,0.00002309059,0.0000113505685,0.00004306142,0.00006731184,0.000037199763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979466,0.00004467385,0.000016900889,0.00002502217,0.00008886744,0.000029806404],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030075683,0.00053444726,0.0008403639,0.00032250537,0.0007437273,0.0008919214,0.0009952447,0.00056149694,0.002142515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033211758,0.00024659184,0.00085597124,0.00048601677,0.00030723092,0.00040295205,0.0004472941,0.00033825985,0.00038188923],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0027121888,0.0005990123,0.025580145,0.0012399751,0.0004093034,0.00106134,0.00046695664,0.6405228,0.28355616,0.0006029679,0.0014826291,0.04176648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020044447,0.0029866311,0.02726335,0.00003050195,0.0003659702,0.00020334216,0.00051669456,0.85954964,0.10657147,0.00023412597,0.0019776353,0.00010010871],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015662221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019299403,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015662221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005783334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006750224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.031142116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4309567714","doi":"10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.069","title":"Rational design of graphite carbon nitride-decorated zinc oxide nanoarrays on three-dimensional nickel foam for the efficient production of reactive oxygen species through stirring-promoted piezo–photocatalysis","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province, China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Photocatalysis; Materials science; Heterojunction; Carbon nitride; Graphitic carbon nitride; Zinc; Nanotechnology; Piezoelectricity; Chemical engineering; Catalysis; Composite material; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.03977837744114154,"score_gpt":0.28661781687866167,"score_spread":0.24683943943752013,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4309567714","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812003,0.0006386944,0.013883058,0.000078812474,0.000038236165,0.000054726028,0.00021577459,0.00021943125,0.0036708836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98952556,0.0002974228,0.008984059,0.000022244318,0.0000045345673,0.000037355745,0.00015476352,0.00001894737,0.00095526024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990714,0.000009957859,0.00000723183,0.00001840643,0.000032669937,0.000024557674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994814,0.0000087926,0.00001612105,0.0000064555916,0.000009847846,0.000010569137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007545069,0.0002550745,0.00021586173,0.00017119062,0.00011702631,0.0003223228,0.00033327084,0.00023569068,0.00042094864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016383531,0.00013814471,0.00019713839,0.00013352463,0.00012273414,0.00013828665,0.00020308394,0.0002016011,0.0002636583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006368388,0.000028049262,0.00013588772,0.000060261806,0.0000069745797,0.000057747373,0.000019382742,0.0010163499,0.9954786,0.00022017241,0.000060287326,0.0028526974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013489522,0.00011339147,0.00058281265,0.0000036306035,0.000010144044,0.000049293,0.000022926784,0.0064996094,0.9906494,0.00005573943,0.0019904163,0.000009187297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005055792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020056446,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005055792,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027267355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017175569,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019783974},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312185084","doi":"10.1002/solr.202201014","title":"Systematic Review of Material and Structural Design in Interfacial Solar Evaporators for Clean Water Production","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Solar RRL","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Evaporation; Solar energy; Environmental science; Process engineering; Vaporization; Engineering physics; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Meteorology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.026909258325535715,"score_gpt":0.2886438263863711,"score_spread":0.2617345680608354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312185084","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006155699,0.99761057,0.00045548548,0.00012901139,0.00013642246,0.00004992818,0.00011234548,0.000008684778,0.0008819507],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017832378,0.9965035,0.0009004941,0.00015772965,0.0000666455,0.00004943801,0.00011667916,0.0000035211144,0.00041883095],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992818,0.00015434813,0.0002184606,0.000096520635,0.00020717466,0.000041663247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99878234,0.0006191997,0.00026817957,0.0000378825,0.00026428685,0.000028190489],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013393225,0.0011166129,0.002181322,0.0042038504,0.00038936458,0.0009959105,0.00088934496,0.0008873668,0.0043890974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020932467,0.00052940025,0.0015421617,0.0046168524,0.00036882373,0.0015346075,0.00064950384,0.0006693683,0.00079163257],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012570235,0.00009105627,0.00036920703,0.44113794,0.000643249,0.00029066758,0.00016014377,0.0007552319,0.0066717695,0.004171167,0.013383396,0.5322005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000060783233,0.00064353785,0.0021594716,0.090029344,0.0035217125,0.00084607955,0.00023631711,0.00041095357,0.0053802948,0.0021628405,0.8944841,0.000064638596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017476345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005018506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0043890974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063108467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003646498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014683008},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312297657","doi":"10.1115/fedsm2022-87279","title":"Numerical Investigation of Flow and Thermal Behavior in Channels With PCM-Filled Thermal Energy Storage Columns for Potential Application in Photobioreactors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal energy storage; Photobioreactor; Phase-change material; Computational fluid dynamics; Thermal; Materials science; Heat transfer; Environmental science; Channel (broadcasting); Mechanics; Process engineering; Nuclear engineering; Thermodynamics; Biofuel; Engineering; Waste management; Electrical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.014936538538347643,"score_gpt":0.24293717284464694,"score_spread":0.2280006343062993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312297657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803216,0.000147412,0.016048187,0.00009516654,0.000031527034,0.00005021433,0.00029194093,0.00013628288,0.002877671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99187976,0.000059800852,0.007109933,0.000008166572,0.0000034657985,0.000046944762,0.00008485007,0.000008751215,0.0007984103],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990904,0.000012432933,0.00000523333,0.00002376129,0.000022071732,0.000027457741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996057,0.00023043642,0.00006250016,0.000026425398,0.000049126607,0.00002590346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020973365,0.000311344,0.00041512717,0.0003290545,0.00055139046,0.0006561386,0.00042300153,0.00090112555,0.001848125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005367021,0.00018951438,0.0003658822,0.00036655235,0.0006191593,0.00033448293,0.00028839987,0.00030537133,0.000110489425],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019475275,0.00022066313,0.006874351,0.00013114767,0.000013082145,0.0002456314,0.00009569683,0.93507767,0.04981314,0.0014894721,0.00027139077,0.0055729765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015858735,0.000081855535,0.0014333448,0.00000782487,0.000004785666,0.000018120816,0.00004139779,0.9915069,0.006553737,0.000116200565,0.00021010824,0.000009859543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00624681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003846315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00624681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000724114,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092972367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012420893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4312946676","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4272955","title":"Experimental Study of Absorption and Desorption Performance Using Bench-Scale Split-Flow Pilot Plant","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Scale (ratio); Flow (mathematics); Desorption; Absorption (acoustics); Environmental science; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Composite material; Geography; Adsorption; Cartography","score_opus":0.030077719361113916,"score_gpt":0.27860485178670286,"score_spread":0.24852713242558894,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4312946676","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953426,0.00017593996,0.003388826,0.00004223332,0.000017884282,0.00006390344,0.0002059294,0.000117522504,0.0006450985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960263,0.00022750047,0.0029564563,0.00003215992,0.000010715562,0.00006508308,0.00015294108,0.000015258453,0.000513561],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996635,0.00006207921,0.000021616492,0.00009133027,0.00008617694,0.000075440126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994904,0.0002631167,0.00003606788,0.00005526019,0.00011547732,0.000039705898],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058321486,0.0006858059,0.0008531839,0.00023718596,0.0009964016,0.00047459002,0.00088771526,0.00093400053,0.0013869348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006196192,0.00028932272,0.00048349312,0.00037822285,0.0004780493,0.0005868473,0.0003604821,0.0008968282,0.00051723374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00097298145,0.00067834876,0.0010037533,0.00030842167,0.00002346857,0.00011770398,0.00015729788,0.00079751114,0.9907872,0.00005771691,0.000116073374,0.0049793823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000081833554,0.0023413599,0.0048281136,0.000007331662,0.00004796362,0.00010446866,0.0001576156,0.0034901318,0.9882448,0.00007680824,0.00059625186,0.000023301995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015972148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011538925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015972148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002810779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003480021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046398044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317042913","doi":"10.1139/cjc-2022-0174","title":"A flexible, high-efficiency, and low-cost FeS<sub>2</sub>@CTS hydrogel film for solar interface water evaporation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Evaporation; Desalination; Photothermal therapy; Coating; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Seawater; Molar absorptivity; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Optics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.017781086761797307,"score_gpt":0.2551879979480034,"score_spread":0.2374069111862061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317042913","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96908855,0.002174872,0.024491131,0.00017886636,0.0000963377,0.000071792296,0.00038825913,0.00025628632,0.0032539028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98183167,0.00082188536,0.013516706,0.00006280654,0.000016893191,0.000027055192,0.00016557073,0.00003381454,0.003523558],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999306,0.0000042242577,0.0000053881504,0.000014663016,0.000034396548,0.000010648239],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999268,0.00001487899,0.000021538155,0.000005524634,0.000017910912,0.00001331181],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008974384,0.00042526168,0.0001628738,0.00019843796,0.000106657055,0.0002124372,0.000251001,0.00027281267,0.0014278609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017414935,0.00014760435,0.00022340914,0.0001435596,0.00017415416,0.00044026095,0.00017356896,0.00028410187,0.00020421443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013443606,0.0000039340393,0.000039523886,0.000032390362,0.00000246838,0.000031286516,0.0000041479707,0.0001239209,0.9985979,0.000034411263,0.00003508883,0.0010813321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051147326,0.00005259966,0.00056675303,0.0000026147275,0.000005697881,0.00007897597,0.0000059260174,0.00092238805,0.9975145,0.000008553386,0.0008321309,0.0000046811065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00080038747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020042763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014278609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002456232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001439894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0047766566},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317867372","doi":"10.1021/acsami.2c21260","title":"Robust, Scalable, and Cost-Effective Surface Carbonized Pulp Foam for Highly Efficient Solar Steam Generation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China; China Scholarship Council; Shandong Energy Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Materials science; Carbonization; Process engineering; Pulp (tooth); Composite material; Waste management; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.047559313378016034,"score_gpt":0.28839904445507275,"score_spread":0.24083973107705672,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317867372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9159959,0.0062840898,0.06841538,0.00032269026,0.00012396707,0.00012081058,0.00062632654,0.00079585094,0.0073149996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9763148,0.0012517222,0.02024878,0.000042931566,0.000025269212,0.00005890612,0.0002817405,0.00003984678,0.0017360271],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979967,0.000017980341,0.000012683971,0.000039052917,0.0000976343,0.00003308782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998903,0.000028941486,0.000024811026,0.000011718044,0.000030640218,0.000013556971],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016379236,0.00033157974,0.00023188487,0.00034495478,0.00014515496,0.00019336944,0.00029930144,0.00039982874,0.0010401441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026542507,0.00015073146,0.00033590736,0.00022326858,0.00018275635,0.00044857356,0.0003184282,0.00044824445,0.0003529421],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044127264,0.000023559827,0.00014381309,0.00017290139,0.000006650312,0.00013228822,0.000020343512,0.00058188173,0.98952127,0.00030494077,0.00014614523,0.008902161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008695038,0.00009708146,0.00055515306,0.0000069977955,0.000009136791,0.00012643913,0.000015041483,0.0054379534,0.99073875,0.00009232461,0.0029012621,0.000011115588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038483334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011175069,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010401441,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021668161,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022687046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318406189","doi":"10.1002/exp.20220061","title":"Recent advances in two‐dimensional materials for hydrovoltaic energy technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Exploration","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":97,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Education and Child Care","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Government of Jiangsu Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Renewable energy; Electricity generation; Nanotechnology; Electricity; Electronics; Materials science; Nanomaterials; Energy transformation; Process engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.11207776093563775,"score_gpt":0.40700718266428354,"score_spread":0.2949294217286458,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318406189","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007070806,0.9948891,0.00060489494,0.00022474049,0.00020861752,0.000009255091,0.000032954616,0.000015857235,0.0033074764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0027150344,0.9951593,0.000590449,0.00014275458,0.00010178584,0.000012680754,0.00004314185,0.0000028840486,0.0012318572],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988604,0.000010923246,0.000013019713,0.000023000948,0.00005347238,0.000013476823],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985313,0.00007466396,0.000023240038,0.000005580391,0.00003282901,0.000010570945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003203456,0.00067249447,0.00070539076,0.0017626692,0.00024461898,0.0006919114,0.0004504461,0.00072081573,0.0039789444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030666613,0.000415696,0.0005049887,0.0020774256,0.00030601077,0.0011254594,0.0006636692,0.0011347564,0.0014626837],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054010477,0.00013918232,0.00023460542,0.04261829,0.000097393415,0.00038861556,0.00013831297,0.0016213229,0.023771117,0.020699507,0.025444709,0.884793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070667697,0.00007281882,0.00039811968,0.0013124162,0.000053455602,0.00060232525,0.000039555507,0.00030934706,0.0035421995,0.0030101603,0.9906318,0.00002061937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006573764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010668021,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0039789444,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038001803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00059707236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01331085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318537928","doi":"10.5944/bicim2022.266","title":"Generación de hidrógeno a partir de la gasificación solar de combustibles sólidos utilizando un reactor de medios porosos híbrido","year":2022,"lang":"es","type":"article","venue":"Congreso Iberoamericano de Ingeniería Mecánica-CIBIM 2022","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Physics","score_opus":0.016114250870850003,"score_gpt":0.2945027899512559,"score_spread":0.2783885390804059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318537928","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832243,0.0006924681,0.013212684,0.00003316959,0.00003236243,0.000029214776,0.00019757824,0.00019462306,0.0023835222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98902965,0.0006442538,0.007897279,0.000012039919,0.000004390271,0.000018791845,0.00015612325,0.00004073087,0.0021968437],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987423,0.000010317881,0.000004164942,0.000035029392,0.00005696089,0.000019239058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993086,0.000020703372,0.000011925283,0.00001200343,0.00001864362,0.000005863326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019931726,0.00042335415,0.0003896644,0.00019709874,0.00021959003,0.0004802299,0.00027590868,0.0004155102,0.000929818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001948462,0.00015907775,0.0005231692,0.00025247133,0.00015922617,0.00035275944,0.0002302798,0.0002399077,0.00019429464],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013225671,0.00005959492,0.0015759076,0.00018918683,0.00002396805,0.00007399349,0.00004483158,0.006702805,0.9798528,0.00032268395,0.000079762634,0.01094228],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012166357,0.00027706166,0.001983495,0.0000060027137,0.00002915706,0.0000467633,0.00004264865,0.015824016,0.9794287,0.00008876146,0.0022540858,0.000007125647],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019789576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035072363,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019789576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003973371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030370278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039348006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319160804","doi":"10.1002/cjce.24867","title":"Design and simulation of a novel solar photovoltaic system assisted single‐slope solar still distillation unit","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"King Abdulaziz University","keywords":"Photovoltaic system; Renewable energy; Desalination; Process engineering; Solar desalination; Solar energy; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Environmental science; Solar still; Distillation; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.05250753452723025,"score_gpt":0.25135937803332026,"score_spread":0.19885184350609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319160804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85690403,0.00024674486,0.110284865,0.00024424843,0.000084495216,0.00022579488,0.0005911903,0.00072587293,0.03069277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98950994,0.000055481167,0.006800149,0.000017392798,0.0000024408478,0.0001291485,0.000086501044,0.000019793402,0.0033791359],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988866,0.000022564067,0.0000036891674,0.000021640237,0.00003593414,0.000027578268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998698,0.000046261484,0.000018959676,0.000009969698,0.000037425234,0.000017566517],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017557792,0.0004896956,0.0006108106,0.00025710766,0.00047511372,0.0007377456,0.0007727709,0.0009929158,0.004756689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024994285,0.00035693133,0.0006854146,0.00023443156,0.0002952666,0.00033417408,0.00035732254,0.00043260137,0.00039122024],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006821502,0.00003870429,0.00083925284,0.00005481524,0.000017976832,0.00011351603,0.000024515919,0.989576,0.0063808886,0.00029620912,0.00017496568,0.0024149122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021979327,0.00008761574,0.0003554119,0.000003322087,0.000010858809,0.000010148363,0.00001706274,0.99727577,0.0017846291,0.00006984184,0.0003590685,0.000004236192],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008781956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006461371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008781956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069297676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008759366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017461717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319791618","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202212301","title":"Stable, Cost‐Effective TiN‐Based Plasmonic Nanocomposites with over 99% Solar Steam Generation Efficiency","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Tin; Plasmon; Energy conversion efficiency; Graphene; Photothermal therapy; Absorption (acoustics); Plasmonic nanoparticles; Chemical engineering; Tin oxide; Nanotechnology; Nanoparticle; Nanocomposite; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Metallurgy; Doping","score_opus":0.023197277040467205,"score_gpt":0.2742773201550775,"score_spread":0.2510800431146103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319791618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9775637,0.0012876309,0.014308299,0.00009959016,0.00005851299,0.000034874454,0.00023415845,0.00040961607,0.00600359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905252,0.00030242815,0.0064146062,0.000022836433,0.000007448339,0.000020364716,0.00015823758,0.000036587928,0.0025123982],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999248,0.0000061730566,0.000005892529,0.000019941508,0.000031706444,0.000011499181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999497,0.000007584826,0.000014849037,0.0000041980647,0.000014433018,0.000009199837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011820504,0.00034158948,0.00013193814,0.00026586198,0.00010187366,0.00023673635,0.00019559952,0.00024615397,0.00069992756],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015506959,0.00018765155,0.00018543798,0.00015667864,0.00010753901,0.00025659095,0.00020283005,0.00023742329,0.00025704002],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029608953,0.000017346929,0.00007846688,0.000044770262,0.000004495061,0.000020651425,0.000007623261,0.00020155431,0.9970644,0.000093741284,0.000111595524,0.0023256943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000071111554,0.00008268653,0.0005874043,0.000002872846,0.00001118475,0.000048657836,0.0000075214425,0.0028541833,0.9944364,0.000025372501,0.0019319206,0.000004715083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026374502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008110181,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00069992756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022846332,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010429236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0023415089},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320015167","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4325772","title":"A Novel Analytical Performance Investigation of Varying Water Depth in an Active Multi-Stage Basin Solar Still in Addition to Optimization of Water Depth in a Single Stage Basin Still","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Stage (stratigraphy); Structural basin; Solar still; Single stage; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Environmental science; Petroleum engineering; Geomorphology; Engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Paleontology","score_opus":0.057931233734332226,"score_gpt":0.30699529577955736,"score_spread":0.24906406204522513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320015167","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91034395,0.0005609725,0.084086835,0.00024151691,0.00006418105,0.000096989905,0.0003409002,0.0005802802,0.0036844127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9743256,0.00025608292,0.022403602,0.00006664547,0.000013820427,0.000035050198,0.00010497361,0.000059366794,0.0027349563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962604,0.000037908892,0.000010759757,0.00012367581,0.00016162934,0.00004003496],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972063,0.00009683424,0.00003042544,0.000035566605,0.00010395507,0.00001265238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004161982,0.00046445048,0.00044364986,0.00024751757,0.00033768185,0.0006259036,0.0008106048,0.0008144411,0.0011698913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00055707194,0.0003642619,0.00032299306,0.0003905212,0.0003403341,0.0007818439,0.00037478274,0.00036203262,0.00033022638],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015058223,0.00003570112,0.00082978705,0.00006708717,0.000010569668,0.000032038588,0.00006325782,0.001601436,0.98952043,0.00013295528,0.00009671494,0.0074593145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013783981,0.00047933767,0.0037225483,0.000004254266,0.000032324853,0.00004859871,0.00007323581,0.03419976,0.9599092,0.00010468479,0.0013909503,0.000021363283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019747908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004660013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019747908,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004507384,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004244515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039265156},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320033025","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.2c09163","title":"Water Self-Purification with Zero External Consumption by Livestock Manure Resource Utilization","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Guangdong Province Introduction of Innovative R&D Team; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Environmental science; Pollutant; Resource recovery; Wastewater; Manure; Biomass (ecology); Resource (disambiguation); Portable water purification; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Computer science; Ecology","score_opus":0.01903683170408454,"score_gpt":0.25940597133776,"score_spread":0.24036913963367545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320033025","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9684839,0.0013382402,0.025788788,0.00019764264,0.000044803313,0.00003749366,0.00008235484,0.00017703601,0.0038497108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929762,0.00035355898,0.005348271,0.000036364025,0.0000063666716,0.000015847498,0.000048787853,0.000011266446,0.0012034005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998435,0.000024112682,0.000009553003,0.00003114945,0.000053750686,0.000037972288],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999411,0.000010652515,0.000016551212,0.000009418077,0.0000143305215,0.000007952825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013598523,0.00029702391,0.00017951941,0.00019673712,0.00014265355,0.00027002103,0.00029821252,0.00031832562,0.0008652981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019514443,0.0001115152,0.00020347547,0.00017164697,0.0001864228,0.0005767552,0.0005236504,0.00032909747,0.00021117863],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004193674,0.00003187809,0.00072929356,0.00013739766,0.000010148981,0.0001024873,0.000034851262,0.000373383,0.98857623,0.0005552996,0.00015223262,0.009254843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004879038,0.00009784906,0.00073976984,0.0000050505487,0.0000089438845,0.000064300235,0.000023895185,0.0033704396,0.99324787,0.000116289535,0.0023159757,0.0000045978577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034553208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008975228,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008652981,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020339924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015487644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028947592},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320034033","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4355041","title":"An Integrated Solar-Powered Desalination System Incorporating Adsorption-Vapour Compression and Nanofiltration Technologies (Solar-Nf-Advc)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofiltration; Desalination; Adsorption; Solar desalination; Solar powered; Vapor-compression refrigeration; Materials science; Compression (physics); Solar energy; Process engineering; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Civil engineering; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Membrane; Electrical engineering; Heat exchanger","score_opus":0.017034097980466182,"score_gpt":0.279388092019786,"score_spread":0.2623539940393198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320034033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94724184,0.0009910166,0.042825222,0.0001557604,0.0002739858,0.0001722007,0.000930799,0.0022096632,0.005199557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9686335,0.00034307118,0.02575071,0.00009651146,0.000032083153,0.00007132792,0.00041309575,0.0000410567,0.004618694],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997738,0.0000056295726,0.000008416364,0.00007344038,0.0001150118,0.000023712126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999378,0.000007064494,0.0000061786964,0.0000076100296,0.000030095467,0.000011327767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013902268,0.0003960625,0.00062985497,0.00029693867,0.0006692283,0.0004159973,0.0007189028,0.0006019736,0.0009811111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001032695,0.00017637308,0.00041006829,0.0003140874,0.00018542047,0.0006476846,0.0003494629,0.00047623023,0.00038931947],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012713068,0.00012430393,0.0006145325,0.00010842913,0.000012769064,0.00005710648,0.000019620866,0.0006458429,0.983254,0.00016801248,0.00029080635,0.014577397],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003973342,0.0003455451,0.003713001,0.0000051629145,0.0000450697,0.00019895796,0.000012987514,0.011559414,0.97994035,0.000058632373,0.004060829,0.000020299689],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033018321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064344215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033018321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005262764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007117819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006565213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320494241","doi":"10.1080/02286203.2023.2176674","title":"Numerical examination of water production by underground condensation system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Modelling and Simulation","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Condensation; Humidity; Environmental science; Water vapor; Hydrology (agriculture); Groundwater; Relative humidity; Inlet; Air temperature; Environmental engineering; Geotechnical engineering; Meteorology; Geology; Atmospheric sciences","score_opus":0.05194302902037918,"score_gpt":0.3123812372492187,"score_spread":0.2604382082288395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320494241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94020385,0.00036979053,0.03683414,0.0002737925,0.000053728876,0.00005802107,0.00052658096,0.00023290578,0.021447128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994418,0.000096067706,0.0038037354,0.000010369949,0.000004205712,0.00002813838,0.0000801555,0.000012881731,0.0015464971],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998822,0.000020839241,0.000007530526,0.00002232145,0.000035979036,0.000031147094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995291,0.0002838733,0.00006653283,0.00002085313,0.00007674508,0.000022962477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023563653,0.00031810143,0.0003856435,0.00045351975,0.00038695586,0.00044833866,0.00037569602,0.0008347827,0.0022665055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009002562,0.00016819267,0.00047057003,0.0005376716,0.0005894082,0.00038176856,0.0004076541,0.00031930342,0.00012420605],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005551915,0.00003156819,0.003320687,0.00008996621,0.000010379235,0.0001565017,0.00007605464,0.9827572,0.008108759,0.002110768,0.00019288978,0.0030897912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000079159145,0.00003490028,0.00073352637,0.00000624938,0.000004705849,0.000017051398,0.000043997923,0.9967116,0.0017816678,0.0003990054,0.0002534435,0.000005963843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00655986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030758257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00655986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057166594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040417758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013043344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362698642","doi":"10.1080/01457632.2023.2199536","title":"On the Energy Performance of the Geothermal Dehumidifier of the Humidification-Dehumidification Desalination System","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat Transfer Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Iran National Science Foundation","keywords":"Desalination; Geothermal gradient; Environmental science; Geothermal energy; Solar desalination; Inlet; Process engineering; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Geology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.019450503118184147,"score_gpt":0.21494811960971436,"score_spread":0.19549761649153022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362698642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99395496,0.00027692472,0.004686389,0.000038773407,0.000007954143,0.000011775165,0.00006014387,0.00005571727,0.00090744195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978948,0.00014623892,0.0013226438,0.0000071099776,0.0000014521371,0.000008128683,0.000048698566,0.0000068215504,0.0005640761],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999018,0.000012114817,0.000007147238,0.00002535937,0.00003712455,0.00001649552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993753,0.000024973388,0.000010287366,0.0000062101462,0.00001682092,0.000004161017],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020737688,0.00019881729,0.00040032723,0.00014717192,0.00021588293,0.00029651914,0.0003134891,0.00019635705,0.0007851293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023965625,0.000114240196,0.00025678478,0.00017257551,0.00014622032,0.0003383789,0.00025511684,0.00020617052,0.00014368493],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00092971773,0.00015099293,0.0052059637,0.0005151732,0.000045142973,0.00019645695,0.00014163737,0.07128689,0.87408364,0.00050344155,0.00030947855,0.04663144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035692232,0.0006818472,0.009945306,0.000011206217,0.00004547551,0.00005683968,0.00009363113,0.19484815,0.79220235,0.00010923802,0.0019444453,0.00002570303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018667723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023688031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018667723,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002818983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021752929,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00371176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4364320908","doi":"10.31788/rjc.2021.1618165","title":"GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CODOPED ZnO NANOPARTICLES VIA THE ACCUMULATION OF COBALT ION ONTO PISTIA (Pistia stratiotes L.,) PLANT TISSUE AND ITS PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARD ORGANOSULFUR POLLUTANTS","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Apotex (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Dibenzothiophene; Pistia; Thiophene; Cobalt; Flue-gas desulfurization; Stratiotes; Zinc; Nanoparticle; Bimetallic strip; Organosulfur compounds; Sulfur; Materials science; Inorganic chemistry; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Nanotechnology; Aquatic plant","score_opus":0.052074824026821696,"score_gpt":0.3021698061109841,"score_spread":0.2500949820841624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4364320908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953219,0.00044244854,0.002944557,0.000028311424,0.000013665309,0.000022716436,0.0002747886,0.000048384656,0.00090318086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993515,0.00039202755,0.004040312,0.000021049775,0.0000025515217,0.000027398342,0.0003399592,0.000019029023,0.00164256],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999405,0.0000020900513,0.000004037842,0.00001785333,0.00002686451,0.000008671321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996364,0.0000055892588,0.000010705684,0.0000026671587,0.00001164454,0.000005727826],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006161387,0.00024584765,0.00015795474,0.00023695857,0.00011141008,0.00022707497,0.00017475616,0.00019597137,0.0003014268],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086868815,0.00014623873,0.000197283,0.00016827784,0.00012352195,0.000115610914,0.00012633295,0.0001966966,0.00008219578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007664383,0.000002625016,0.00009864194,0.000021084725,0.0000010224138,0.000023486786,0.000005395267,0.00003984461,0.99931777,0.000012330472,0.0000066765706,0.0004635053],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000036488532,0.000058145226,0.0032933378,0.0000022644474,0.000008025812,0.00004454269,0.000014306889,0.0008662544,0.9951041,0.000012535873,0.0005897615,0.0000030076023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025666335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045253844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025666335,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028307174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012379576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051034093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4364861451","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4415031","title":"Photothermal Mxene/Pvdf Nanofiber Membrane for Highly Efficient Oil/Saltwater Separation and Distillation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Nanofiber; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Distillation; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Chromatography; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.024508685398286822,"score_gpt":0.31058317857056855,"score_spread":0.28607449317228173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4364861451","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96606046,0.0025391798,0.023445701,0.00032121007,0.000108743414,0.000053825683,0.00030395205,0.00032624346,0.006840663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98791236,0.0008234843,0.0055593653,0.000044470973,0.000016321621,0.00003377928,0.00012900123,0.000036464837,0.005444825],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999293,0.000004290095,0.000003359828,0.000018868788,0.000026381365,0.00001789501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999708,0.000007697456,0.000006635052,0.0000045232537,0.000005216029,0.0000050434755],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013033782,0.00021995211,0.00019264182,0.0001461247,0.00024963802,0.00022714687,0.00018146256,0.0003794251,0.002589155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011928116,0.00012109928,0.00023774178,0.00015911189,0.00013516433,0.0005240843,0.0003508235,0.00047676187,0.00072833145],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003332271,0.000010421474,0.00003593772,0.000054446962,0.0000035743317,0.00002807949,0.0000157294,0.00012992074,0.9971655,0.00027162174,0.000098434655,0.0021529705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030460483,0.000022296857,0.00024581936,0.0000018700594,0.000002350282,0.000023777293,0.000005846341,0.00086560566,0.99779046,0.000044815086,0.0009914786,0.0000025993897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004706236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00086894794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002589155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029967405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014913396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008661628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367044592","doi":"10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2023.108354","title":"Numerical investigation of thermo-fluid behaviour in a channel with PCM-filled columns","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Computational fluid dynamics; Mechanics; Thermal; Photobioreactor; Thermal energy storage; Offset (computer science); Phase-change material; Channel (broadcasting); Column (typography); Heat transfer; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Thermodynamics; Biofuel; Mechanical engineering; Computer science; Waste management","score_opus":0.046172171061914374,"score_gpt":0.32532687895624907,"score_spread":0.2791547078943347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367044592","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98612344,0.0001642861,0.0065212967,0.00019071174,0.00005123889,0.000039252478,0.00025129624,0.00011990565,0.0065385154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99669206,0.00005093935,0.0020390544,0.000020012752,0.000006933624,0.000018256746,0.000054456723,0.000008784805,0.0011094459],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983823,0.00002586347,0.00000858344,0.000035407582,0.000040750692,0.000051077637],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913234,0.0005192941,0.00009325698,0.000054219498,0.00011725503,0.000083729305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002585065,0.00031857094,0.0006712317,0.0004367474,0.0010041058,0.0009085139,0.0007680942,0.0018995971,0.0024809109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010652072,0.00032045008,0.00050951866,0.0005400955,0.0012309226,0.00053023983,0.00043020013,0.00058548857,0.00014953552],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037605502,0.00032634017,0.0067410604,0.00014218633,0.000035067176,0.0004700914,0.00010605582,0.96616614,0.02021438,0.0015797457,0.00035944092,0.0034834507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002895883,0.00008862974,0.0016788603,0.000008401565,0.000009122187,0.000027059534,0.00005585966,0.9948172,0.0030429196,0.00010021692,0.00013080215,0.000011827243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015713854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006699261,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015713854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068330765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001025233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.031244755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367171847","doi":"10.18280/mmep.100235","title":"Exergy Analysis of a Simple Solar Still Augmented with a Flat-Plate Solar Collector","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Simple (philosophy); Exergy; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Solar energy; Environmental science; Materials science; Optics; Physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.032313699264014936,"score_gpt":0.24442730687683084,"score_spread":0.2121136076128159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367171847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98758674,0.0002487416,0.010127507,0.000025443096,0.000010251422,0.00003999224,0.00021740035,0.000050010854,0.0016939571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99676836,0.00015793431,0.0017863589,0.0000036764554,0.0000016670659,0.000013844398,0.00011325204,0.000009959941,0.0011450034],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991167,0.0000065176987,0.0000041621515,0.000020609794,0.00004367061,0.000013391917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999082,0.00003560949,0.000009927773,0.000010723371,0.000026291722,0.000009197447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016499226,0.00034108604,0.00063089916,0.0004588838,0.00023119587,0.00037467096,0.00048877316,0.00034973604,0.0014786187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022160858,0.0002383337,0.0006321739,0.0006235859,0.00030483177,0.0005133337,0.0002302473,0.00022819883,0.00018617943],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001181571,0.00012413897,0.0081207575,0.00067910634,0.00010491782,0.0007334765,0.00011533378,0.1992492,0.7670311,0.00081363233,0.00017507219,0.021671746],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001382237,0.001905954,0.056641314,0.000028065057,0.0002462499,0.0002990536,0.00025542694,0.46850058,0.46882758,0.0007860171,0.0023050313,0.000066425266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004484873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0067631877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004484873,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045220184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000520966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0089175105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367321850","doi":"10.18280/mmep.100217","title":"Performance of Solar Pond Integrated with Thermoelectric Generator: A Theoretical Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Solar energy; Thermal; Thermoelectric effect; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Thermal energy; Thermoelectric generator; Salinity; Environmental engineering; Materials science; Meteorology; Electrical engineering; Geology; Physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Oceanography","score_opus":0.022559845165156706,"score_gpt":0.22608211479850573,"score_spread":0.20352226963334902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367321850","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.655003,0.002307666,0.21875922,0.00086739735,0.00012849687,0.00010997044,0.00012479156,0.00058136537,0.122118086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99359095,0.00040891473,0.0029035523,0.00001708838,0.000011885369,0.000023284096,0.000011520309,0.000018462466,0.0030143806],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985623,0.000032947486,0.000003956118,0.000025146339,0.00005251789,0.000029198374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982697,0.000089660476,0.000019433277,0.000017958278,0.000036535974,0.000009470752],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025155395,0.00031588558,0.0005706498,0.00027526414,0.00050616363,0.00093325955,0.0007948974,0.0011547997,0.0029717614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00072516676,0.00030387306,0.0006571117,0.00030331267,0.00082870945,0.00090668927,0.0005201388,0.0002909509,0.0004120623],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001225262,0.00008988776,0.0013696871,0.00026265963,0.000032591004,0.0003550449,0.00013392612,0.933632,0.023256514,0.031416226,0.0005117425,0.00881726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010793512,0.000056480334,0.0002885436,0.000008729339,0.000011176117,0.00003878469,0.000023380493,0.9950647,0.002362602,0.0017093256,0.0004193233,0.000006173792],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019776565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001031282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0029717614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006203664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004703749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009941578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4368341212","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2023.101888","title":"Effect of baffle turbulators on the horizontal solar film evaporator of the humidification-dehumidification desalination system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulator; Evaporator; Desalination; Baffle; Condensation; Environmental science; Heat transfer; Exergy efficiency; Evaporation; Solar desalination; Mass transfer; Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Turbulence; Heat exchanger; Meteorology; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Exergy; Reynolds number; Chemistry","score_opus":0.012198776757968495,"score_gpt":0.2562156674652052,"score_spread":0.2440168907072367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4368341212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99832875,0.00023053502,0.0009830284,0.000027823442,0.000029086172,0.000009805417,0.00003182735,0.00006729425,0.00029195685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978581,0.00016078146,0.0010284823,0.000024752831,0.000010278533,0.000008217393,0.000037548754,0.000021411473,0.000850379],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996693,0.000076733006,0.000033817127,0.000077186,0.000066576635,0.00007631077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924517,0.00033992267,0.0001425174,0.00007332095,0.000121880075,0.00007727622],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040774918,0.00039758117,0.0006004657,0.00019352937,0.00061698275,0.0007705677,0.0006244527,0.00064219383,0.0022476963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010486571,0.0003894774,0.00045513755,0.00015534487,0.0004149402,0.0007458484,0.00038051556,0.00054360775,0.00040740587],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0035893433,0.00026769462,0.0021628991,0.00018718634,0.00006473381,0.000095933676,0.00014399167,0.002531583,0.9819671,0.00023365892,0.00011701718,0.008638805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031299453,0.0006003979,0.0016418841,0.0000048506886,0.00003231241,0.000014285317,0.00004598888,0.0028986076,0.9943429,0.000007409569,0.00037020372,0.000009729056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022456236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019248467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0022476963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004189576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005159845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0075193048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377289970","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125018","title":"Cellulose-based evaporator with dual boost of water transportation and photothermal conversion for highly solar-driven evaporation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Evaporator; Evaporation; Materials science; Cellulose; Photothermal therapy; Chemical engineering; Aerogel; Energy conversion efficiency; Absorption (acoustics); Layer (electronics); Nanotechnology; Composite material; Optoelectronics; Heat exchanger","score_opus":0.029091918451052506,"score_gpt":0.28140566493019736,"score_spread":0.25231374647914484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377289970","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9124909,0.0036986566,0.069097996,0.00038696715,0.00041264153,0.00014923821,0.00067900633,0.0012548753,0.011829783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9613288,0.0012618575,0.028500073,0.00017941049,0.000061050894,0.0001377368,0.00036200116,0.00012328279,0.008045794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998485,0.000008376585,0.000009224462,0.00004847453,0.000051693074,0.000033718643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99991727,0.000013030405,0.00001993512,0.000011221723,0.000020903626,0.000017727638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017592985,0.00044065056,0.00036599924,0.00024057702,0.0002860086,0.00030757763,0.00048429202,0.0004916436,0.0019363168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017793913,0.00023267508,0.000352157,0.00034395666,0.00015666564,0.00064860965,0.00035163213,0.00073237665,0.0008695484],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000503503,0.000045480287,0.00012211943,0.00011427987,0.000008087423,0.00006472503,0.00001637454,0.00019923256,0.9937354,0.0004130463,0.00036821244,0.004862873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007510934,0.00004304404,0.00038820985,0.000003144969,0.0000071643185,0.000059083708,0.00000569508,0.0021456494,0.99520963,0.000023057399,0.0020985755,0.000009367204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055386266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001722856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019363168,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004451588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004384203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064775944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378448793","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117160","title":"Designing flexible CNT/CNF films with highly light-absorbing for solar energy harvesting: Seawater desalination, photothermal power generation and light- driven actuators","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province; Science and Technology Projects of Fujian Province","keywords":"Materials science; Photothermal therapy; Carbon nanotube; Photothermal effect; Desalination; Energy conversion efficiency; Optoelectronics; Chemical engineering; Nanorod; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.022957679793116338,"score_gpt":0.2429952371776757,"score_spread":0.22003755738455938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378448793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793322,0.0018354764,0.013346614,0.00020134718,0.00019688078,0.000095617885,0.00027206185,0.00013101086,0.0045888377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800149,0.000983805,0.015878275,0.00008148546,0.000029435256,0.00009308656,0.00021769466,0.000028797875,0.002672478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994445,0.000002295744,0.0000027857109,0.00001659777,0.000019498495,0.000014374849],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999373,0.000011844795,0.0000159883,0.0000044694307,0.000016524698,0.0000138753585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099269186,0.00040449554,0.00013200924,0.00012250754,0.00014481708,0.00021751435,0.00027084455,0.00042218616,0.00084114616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017934285,0.00015859795,0.00012445668,0.00014802607,0.0001103091,0.00041235075,0.000097653174,0.00032645196,0.0002014153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001967686,0.000017629733,0.00006121027,0.00006416224,0.0000032371674,0.00006149004,0.000010466649,0.00029724196,0.9969625,0.00014543808,0.00013143622,0.0022254626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001537839,0.00013773094,0.0011033586,0.000009991783,0.00000887056,0.000083831976,0.000017822425,0.0044457936,0.9915925,0.000059158243,0.002515059,0.000010395837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008066568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033181438,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00084114616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002573578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015826001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028138757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380087872","doi":"10.1038/s44172-023-00082-3","title":"Radiative cooling sorbent towards all weather ambient water harvesting","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Communications Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"David and Lucile Packard Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Relative humidity; Cellulose; Materials science; Meteorology; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.07451868415678786,"score_gpt":0.3163062457629396,"score_spread":0.24178756160615172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380087872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93101573,0.0039749513,0.050807107,0.00035384408,0.0001420809,0.00010298309,0.00018296516,0.00060324656,0.012817143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830509,0.0010264604,0.010751306,0.00012249475,0.000033708362,0.00004870154,0.00006532873,0.00003814532,0.0048629623],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999263,0.00000854301,0.0000024846122,0.000023579889,0.000025718704,0.000013262056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999546,0.000011483513,0.000011208739,0.0000049860014,0.000009852531,0.000007881092],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012736714,0.00030657699,0.0001819482,0.00015219809,0.00013829496,0.00021921663,0.00026868333,0.000251366,0.0015704586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010616786,0.00012880958,0.00019244647,0.000120148165,0.000218168,0.00035864103,0.00035276957,0.00044570462,0.0006025065],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022128728,0.000023740433,0.00009327103,0.00014725125,0.0000055807154,0.00004398142,0.000021120939,0.0008248196,0.9900872,0.00070747634,0.00030419504,0.007719256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000882893,0.00009312122,0.00031489378,0.0000059274794,0.000006473875,0.000035809207,0.000015260028,0.007113014,0.9875349,0.00012001511,0.004744551,0.000007298821],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000305542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006651953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015704586,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019971866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012955484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005253732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382407749","doi":"10.33422/2nd.wscee.2022.12.125","title":"Dimensioning of Hybrid System with Desalination Units and capability of recovery and utilization of brine for Amorgos Island","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensioning; Brine; Desalination; Environmental science; Computer science; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03582670030173495,"score_gpt":0.2641540661243973,"score_spread":0.22832736582266233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382407749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809734,0.00030788212,0.010655388,0.000052078973,0.00003376743,0.00006314888,0.0004289787,0.0004522131,0.007033087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913333,0.00012579569,0.0048162434,0.0000087894905,0.0000039144993,0.00004727751,0.0002889582,0.00002233014,0.003353365],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992573,0.0000057276698,0.0000039366932,0.00002214252,0.000025186777,0.000017353113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995863,0.000004360131,0.0000051192274,0.0000075127737,0.000015848143,0.000008554709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099037825,0.00032030468,0.0003277202,0.00032308302,0.00033513887,0.0005040317,0.00046534656,0.00022996604,0.0034677316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000096194926,0.00012739666,0.00038665565,0.00022242717,0.00016933178,0.00044464925,0.000375698,0.00017104753,0.00050866755],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009857971,0.000301492,0.018546725,0.00063299114,0.00009570162,0.0008742044,0.00023398215,0.07496964,0.8265409,0.0022442834,0.0017269644,0.0728474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020477978,0.0027503688,0.05471687,0.000074305965,0.0002614736,0.00060494576,0.0007667278,0.32621047,0.5707875,0.001084841,0.042437136,0.00010061443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007287677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011713785,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007287677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041735318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042705337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014490545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382999722","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4499323","title":"Femtosecond Laser Induced Porous Surface on Polymethyl Methacrylate for Filmwise Condensation to Improve Solar Still Productivity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Polymethyl methacrylate; Femtosecond; Condensation; Productivity; Materials science; Laser; Solar still; Porosity; Methacrylate; Surface (topology); Composite material; Optoelectronics; Optics; Polymer; Meteorology; Desalination; Chemistry; Physics; Economics","score_opus":0.04419762013042862,"score_gpt":0.3206110879711533,"score_spread":0.2764134678407247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382999722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.987135,0.00068176707,0.008497308,0.00009606743,0.00007692962,0.000048153266,0.00014288352,0.00020375078,0.0031180365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99260426,0.0003200476,0.0036944875,0.000027523483,0.000012687338,0.000026148751,0.000090015834,0.000055537064,0.0031693282],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999907,0.0000049468745,0.000004207345,0.000025395226,0.000029584233,0.000028928722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999336,0.000016121276,0.000017714254,0.000010862867,0.000012024969,0.000009565096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000097916316,0.00029088015,0.00020469828,0.00014500265,0.00015408103,0.00019589442,0.00020732549,0.00031192662,0.0019727864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015503484,0.0001635637,0.0003149828,0.00019007103,0.00017691206,0.00033208277,0.00027829962,0.00054851663,0.0003673461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001713653,0.0000107779015,0.000022661874,0.000025700705,0.0000020494988,0.00001633147,0.000012570577,0.00007164115,0.9989349,0.000076243494,0.000038159196,0.0007718514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035834587,0.000040497216,0.00024670127,0.0000014033949,0.0000032147227,0.000011896183,0.0000040535256,0.0005385078,0.99869305,0.000012271526,0.00044276024,0.00000212385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059553876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012871645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019727864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025022542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022457346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0065996647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383065580","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124513","title":"Xylan-based ratiometric fluorescence carbon dots composite with delignified wood for highly efficient water purification and photothermal conversion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Adsorption; Fluorescence; Photothermal therapy; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.01737477810170076,"score_gpt":0.27640683266921834,"score_spread":0.2590320545675176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383065580","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95251304,0.0009952615,0.041087206,0.0001821145,0.000068893845,0.000052008556,0.000175073,0.0003653943,0.0045609586],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98063517,0.0002962083,0.015814878,0.0000752325,0.0000073253204,0.00003641922,0.00010129463,0.000029139846,0.0030043295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998553,0.00001638463,0.0000068033337,0.000055985252,0.000038895592,0.000026691816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993026,0.000014526817,0.000016406546,0.000008175458,0.000019240866,0.000011404035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014723802,0.00034404884,0.00016083955,0.00015846116,0.00012393476,0.00027218706,0.00030958818,0.00047089646,0.0011766388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014769037,0.00019090853,0.00018704365,0.00018257766,0.00020356629,0.000371988,0.000265068,0.00045462133,0.00031816878],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016981074,0.000008891843,0.000027619997,0.000025139256,0.000002353555,0.000017295266,0.000008807564,0.00012605317,0.9979353,0.0002325337,0.000051443763,0.0015474507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029329894,0.000029699875,0.0001849055,0.0000013347767,0.0000032837588,0.00002141919,0.0000043761056,0.0019738665,0.9971662,0.00002290356,0.0005854251,0.0000035170171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004095124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011873257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011766388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003528185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003936231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385191937","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2023.145003","title":"Janus microbial membrane constructed by multiple biological self-assembly for photothermal conversion","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Janus; Photothermal therapy; Membrane; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Materials science; Biochemical engineering; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.015753455749629372,"score_gpt":0.2335886877688436,"score_spread":0.21783523201921423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385191937","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98729646,0.0014262076,0.009818869,0.000090054804,0.000107192885,0.000021386995,0.00005059866,0.000110438516,0.0010788124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99321777,0.00045614384,0.005399572,0.000020061087,0.000008827572,0.000022303184,0.000060424834,0.000014064497,0.0008006895],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988484,0.000015611186,0.00000952269,0.000022644906,0.00003647622,0.000030831867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999459,0.0000074697627,0.000015239929,0.0000065649465,0.000009481124,0.000015274647],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000138766,0.0003074586,0.00029904844,0.00020530874,0.00030637858,0.00044722992,0.00018804881,0.00034678433,0.00030881967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014514569,0.00019099393,0.00035794647,0.00016568437,0.00016878564,0.00047326367,0.00040475707,0.00062109705,0.00018103153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002690281,0.000015488327,0.00006817536,0.00003404225,0.000004933814,0.000027393186,0.00001475805,0.00013703608,0.99810815,0.0002459117,0.000019606583,0.0012976932],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000058077976,0.00008007307,0.00040193295,0.0000037584887,0.000011423614,0.000051291994,0.000023119706,0.0022378212,0.99594903,0.0000789226,0.0011501578,0.0000066505872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013340946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002932087,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00044722992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018761343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015484101,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0013613105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385201999","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138240","title":"Performance evaluation of a solar nano-photocatalytic reactor for wastewater treatment applications: Reaction kinetics, CFD, and scale-up perspectives","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Photocatalysis; Wastewater; Pollutant; Kinetics; Irradiation; Materials science; Batch reactor; Chemical engineering; Degradation (telecommunications); Environmental engineering; Flux (metallurgy); Chemistry; Environmental science; Process engineering; Catalysis; Computer science; Engineering; Physics; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.054950295011254785,"score_gpt":0.33058515024199814,"score_spread":0.2756348552307434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385201999","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98679113,0.00068196387,0.009447967,0.00017405515,0.00004421821,0.00008822284,0.0005111313,0.00020259956,0.002058769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910748,0.000499888,0.0062128077,0.00002806342,0.000010013136,0.000042557345,0.00023785075,0.00003625399,0.0018577343],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996132,0.000057940735,0.00002667739,0.00006061745,0.00019899178,0.000042589465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997013,0.00010681804,0.000022917488,0.000033986464,0.00011339771,0.000021501943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071495335,0.00036528308,0.00063676655,0.00027752883,0.00052689627,0.0008080971,0.0006375199,0.0007231706,0.0014272818],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00071595766,0.00020551773,0.00063315977,0.00025200215,0.00023770961,0.00048934796,0.00032067503,0.00048502084,0.00047377506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005693544,0.00027676678,0.0010718638,0.00016518842,0.000020090683,0.000049495735,0.000035411318,0.0054573175,0.9804524,0.00015036848,0.00018315863,0.011568481],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021937658,0.0005015666,0.0018794559,0.0000048358124,0.000020548037,0.000033174285,0.000034290995,0.020880768,0.9756737,0.000045341327,0.0008925848,0.000011801928],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0056729573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0053110085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0056729573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009387643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00071482395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011279881},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385363111","doi":"10.1680/jenes.23.00045","title":"Enviroeconomic analysis of a hybrid active solar desalination system using nanoparticles","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Solar energy; Environmental science; Solar still; Photovoltaic system; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Environmental engineering; Solar desalination; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015148270178717449,"score_gpt":0.2394548907186915,"score_spread":0.22430662053997405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385363111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888861,0.00019598454,0.008754571,0.00006974117,0.000011110928,0.000028761127,0.00010541212,0.000041325555,0.0019070449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973556,0.00008656806,0.0014841361,0.0000056511244,0.000002628862,0.000012786654,0.000031792748,0.0000036903928,0.0010173068],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998714,0.00002405412,0.000007708686,0.00002948339,0.00004655104,0.000020725764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99987364,0.00004763217,0.000020157904,0.000009932525,0.000040495936,0.000008109157],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025765217,0.0002630948,0.00049095217,0.0003114963,0.00036542153,0.0006609607,0.00039199283,0.00037261285,0.0010704186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026551646,0.00016447659,0.00048223842,0.0002914195,0.00023486491,0.00057500286,0.00027751084,0.00018413714,0.0001182772],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007568009,0.00035406498,0.0091949385,0.00044909882,0.00019840346,0.0005615826,0.000073982425,0.7353956,0.2246765,0.0015041283,0.00039807116,0.02643686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031878702,0.00072242087,0.008100104,0.0000060126945,0.00007736525,0.000116556286,0.00011787142,0.9146264,0.0747949,0.00048030374,0.00090442237,0.000021674197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032392654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036399725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032392654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008700594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002991588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0064408183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385540361","doi":"10.1016/j.egyr.2023.07.013","title":"A novel analytical performance investigation of varying water depth in an active multi-stage basin solar still in addition to optimization of water depth in a single stage basin still","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Reports","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Solar still; Structural basin; Stage (stratigraphy); Environmental science; Yield (engineering); Hydrology (agriculture); Productivity; Soil science; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Desalination; Chemistry; Thermodynamics; Physics; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.0740730044615457,"score_gpt":0.3073642654959059,"score_spread":0.2332912610343602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385540361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72534394,0.0005629781,0.26714152,0.00015537675,0.00003223369,0.000065860215,0.00021351552,0.000656098,0.0058284323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98571116,0.00014235462,0.012859105,0.000013851966,0.0000034027448,0.000015948777,0.000042847052,0.000025433872,0.0011858231],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980825,0.00001966202,0.0000052907094,0.00006370635,0.00007693089,0.000026283204],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998696,0.00005406065,0.000016997217,0.000017080334,0.000035934692,0.0000063429584],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023664384,0.00040385194,0.00033635457,0.0002505847,0.00017878505,0.0005472106,0.00061918504,0.0004990544,0.001102764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004685692,0.00027544555,0.00041422746,0.0004229719,0.00027967078,0.00082096335,0.00031221134,0.00023129286,0.00017321533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024338443,0.000097197415,0.0055481386,0.0003561021,0.000042820706,0.0002462717,0.00019691628,0.25012594,0.68941903,0.0018092082,0.00036190997,0.05155313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001636642,0.00036272823,0.00346192,0.000007870314,0.00003416049,0.000060779064,0.00008707196,0.8585279,0.1354675,0.0005959136,0.0013524422,0.000025390087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023427757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028889163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023427757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045853094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031866148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004658222},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385844664","doi":"10.1039/d3ta03128d","title":"Wood-inspired polypyrrole/cellulose aerogels with vertically aligned channels prepared by facile freeze-casting for efficient interfacial solar evaporation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Polypyrrole; Materials science; Evaporation; Composite number; Cellulose; Chemical engineering; Casting; Evaporator; Composite material; Polymer","score_opus":0.023668948709293407,"score_gpt":0.27072044257198785,"score_spread":0.24705149386269445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385844664","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750635,0.0010587045,0.020731289,0.00006274767,0.00006810623,0.00003780188,0.00031822798,0.0002536813,0.0024058723],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98481977,0.00059369794,0.0131082125,0.000023006538,0.000012236067,0.000028088776,0.00013786701,0.000038857,0.001238388],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999435,0.0000026864063,0.0000033436154,0.000016371174,0.0000148513245,0.000019178708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999385,0.000011554501,0.000020089105,0.000007901549,0.000009454292,0.000012484843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094689705,0.00029876034,0.00015177418,0.00012105875,0.00010645405,0.00018517861,0.00015958444,0.00022014808,0.0005041845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010823394,0.00018920383,0.00021056419,0.00011569054,0.00012381346,0.0003155052,0.0001250888,0.00042675305,0.00016200733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073053598,0.0000049118976,0.000019498244,0.000020815796,0.0000014113978,0.000023672006,0.0000049967534,0.00011077227,0.9990908,0.00008036306,0.000017599832,0.00061800226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000038824496,0.00002613036,0.0003644029,0.0000016022836,0.0000037896316,0.000034622513,0.000003970659,0.0009826685,0.99792445,0.000013315544,0.0006371081,0.000004026408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046852653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014929418,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005041845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016607346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001950795,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016866922},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385857802","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3230829/v1","title":"Wood-based Superblack","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Business","score_opus":0.2565664527687026,"score_gpt":0.4747105806680167,"score_spread":0.2181441278993141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385857802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3904643,0.0040765624,0.28563082,0.00044588695,0.0010255844,0.00023833923,0.001303768,0.0039341203,0.3128806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6754617,0.0018578507,0.13484378,0.00028948125,0.000070959715,0.00017103061,0.0009852424,0.00090467173,0.18541525],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997695,0.000012798145,0.0000045227316,0.000079114514,0.00010232166,0.00003163927],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986506,0.000015900354,0.000013555646,0.000034597993,0.00004549057,0.000025312434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013728079,0.0005011716,0.00032922835,0.00041901553,0.0005775837,0.00063060573,0.0005491325,0.0004815852,0.017454209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014636638,0.0002927562,0.00025900162,0.00036429716,0.00023568729,0.0006328657,0.0006907116,0.000653133,0.0045012655],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022723047,0.00019988694,0.0005053016,0.0004081876,0.000021962403,0.00015469077,0.00012649922,0.0026534654,0.86604196,0.029628953,0.008855624,0.0911762],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027315617,0.00024220555,0.0017263863,0.000047990947,0.000033461987,0.0002862075,0.00010270545,0.019447071,0.83369106,0.0051283087,0.13924222,0.000025031677],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006375226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025779072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017454209,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021854213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002948677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05839014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386309647","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202306947","title":"Solar‐Powered High‐Performance Lignin‐Wood Evaporator for Solar Steam Generation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Lignin; Solar energy; Chemical engineering; Evaporator; Desalination; Evaporation; Composite material; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.047318335513437074,"score_gpt":0.28671165638653745,"score_spread":0.2393933208731004,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386309647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97321093,0.0013284959,0.020766487,0.00012106721,0.0000604297,0.00003422356,0.0002033668,0.00034569664,0.003929297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99250895,0.00026525345,0.0048340396,0.000024003071,0.000009661893,0.000013771808,0.00006857045,0.000018383673,0.0022573094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999566,0.0000044159924,0.000002603769,0.000008622033,0.00001831836,0.000009428737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999695,0.000005891377,0.000007818917,0.0000029620085,0.000008936323,0.0000048919123],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009489607,0.00019118816,0.00018553012,0.00018060827,0.00014302414,0.00015838108,0.00019098299,0.0001840206,0.0017097603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007797239,0.00010066657,0.00018740837,0.00018994765,0.000089312794,0.00030750316,0.0001866752,0.00026219682,0.00039578494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037259106,0.000028316861,0.00022274062,0.00011357984,0.000006688381,0.00004496574,0.000012522106,0.00041993798,0.9933262,0.0002160116,0.00022178043,0.0053499243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011160453,0.00008578363,0.0011736776,0.000004175299,0.000008462068,0.0000427819,0.000012506662,0.0063743023,0.9892129,0.00004488643,0.0030225064,0.000006797459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022765942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007760662,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017097603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014041342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011809338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057197213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386469504","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3285251/v1","title":"Boosting all-weather atmospheric vapor harvesting with membrane distillation system powered by solar energy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Boosting (machine learning); Environmental science; Meteorology; Distillation; Membrane distillation; Atmospheric sciences; Computer science; Membrane; Physics; Chemistry; Artificial intelligence; Chromatography; Desalination","score_opus":0.08991593866530338,"score_gpt":0.3678088278008694,"score_spread":0.277892889135566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386469504","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94361734,0.001217425,0.040834922,0.00027840582,0.00016632507,0.0000331333,0.00025072458,0.0007911682,0.012810473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99391186,0.00019859048,0.0031869526,0.000024816178,0.000015493442,0.000007679757,0.000056466673,0.000027954686,0.002570316],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999385,0.0000040560885,0.0000015178223,0.0000148541685,0.000025935324,0.000015017902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999634,0.000008647669,0.000004012277,0.0000061684223,0.000011557236,0.000006139313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000067819965,0.00020756085,0.00023871234,0.00010122188,0.00021801723,0.00027651121,0.00025469248,0.00020412994,0.0026394327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008835649,0.0000971708,0.00019903903,0.00021815885,0.00011881641,0.00036024218,0.00032747,0.00027675042,0.00058005657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012494769,0.000034304267,0.00044970703,0.0000932516,0.000013638126,0.000030730564,0.000027221122,0.0015114326,0.9792987,0.0004842,0.0005975799,0.017334372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017065968,0.00010139483,0.0021636155,0.000004317282,0.000017082886,0.000044477925,0.000031330113,0.03469433,0.9573823,0.0002973088,0.0052360003,0.000010715316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000547147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011174637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026394327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000214023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013979555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008829832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386483003","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-chwlj","title":"Plasmonic group IV transition metal carbide interfaces for solar-driven desalination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ocean Frontier Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Desalination; Materials science; Carbide; Nanomaterials; Evaporation; Relative humidity; Water vapor; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Meteorology; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.0763750522636533,"score_gpt":0.3256021156981555,"score_spread":0.24922706343450218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386483003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96553916,0.006605615,0.018573875,0.0003585001,0.00016724785,0.00007669771,0.0002443735,0.00067342934,0.007761217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890537,0.0011448667,0.007951067,0.00008352265,0.00002046641,0.00003511584,0.00012068292,0.00003652379,0.0015540007],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998796,0.000009667693,0.00000630005,0.000031274016,0.0000496065,0.00002358234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999478,0.000011705157,0.000013602574,0.000005052342,0.000016452475,0.0000053602434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000115823095,0.00028276857,0.00017646998,0.00015654946,0.00014751108,0.00035139036,0.00026816616,0.00037825943,0.0010148638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014751108,0.0001508298,0.00021392957,0.00011689438,0.00014583324,0.00024987684,0.00020023003,0.0004046396,0.00030104944],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019933133,0.000008573567,0.00007741204,0.000081245125,0.000004793451,0.000023217368,0.000012609589,0.00019541096,0.9961628,0.00016902605,0.00017114836,0.0030738928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008697168,0.00007153388,0.0005649039,0.0000047812136,0.000010712225,0.000053799842,0.000021575801,0.0037467189,0.9925438,0.0000443365,0.002921991,0.0000070205806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010371933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021068458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010371933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004135926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012183465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003395021},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386595139","doi":"10.1002/adma.202306653","title":"3D Printed Cellulose Nanofiber Aerogel Scaffold with Hierarchical Porous Structures for Fast Solar‐Driven Atmospheric Water Harvesting","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Aerogel; Chemical engineering; Porosity; Sorption; Cellulose; Nanofiber; Water vapor; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Adsorption; Chemistry","score_opus":0.018379859074263212,"score_gpt":0.2736992284874392,"score_spread":0.255319369413176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386595139","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97846,0.0006212749,0.017642865,0.00007494624,0.000046849287,0.00002122997,0.00034521564,0.0005486446,0.0022388413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876473,0.00030170367,0.010553933,0.000028394528,0.000007373607,0.000023205768,0.000138297,0.00003021403,0.0012696004],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999436,0.000003274585,0.0000039203014,0.000016793583,0.000019696681,0.000012755456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990857,0.000018668487,0.000033733024,0.000009727265,0.0000131039915,0.000016195532],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007644717,0.0002692357,0.00012929196,0.00023227386,0.00009132838,0.00023253424,0.00017941966,0.00032770896,0.0005960228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011159104,0.00012443698,0.00027687976,0.00014274512,0.00014979183,0.0002521348,0.00017336667,0.00020760224,0.00020203194],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010547449,0.000008455696,0.000046734327,0.000025068963,0.0000034447066,0.00004584885,0.000008412849,0.00048773256,0.9978515,0.00005833574,0.00004108293,0.001412812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000058905625,0.00007355865,0.00091884815,0.0000036418985,0.000009603326,0.00006466313,0.000010507825,0.0040688454,0.9938081,0.000034490622,0.0009925122,0.000009386021],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047193046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001097747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005960228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001883485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011748788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019938946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386727213","doi":"10.18280/ijdne.180430","title":"Atmospheric Water Harvesting Using Thermoelectric Cooling Technology","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universitas Hasanuddin","keywords":"Environmental science; Thermoelectric cooling; Relative humidity; Airflow; Humidity; Water flow; Condenser (optics); Volumetric flow rate; Air cooling; Air mass (solar energy); Environmental engineering; Hydrology (agriculture); Meteorology; Thermoelectric effect; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Geography; Mechanics; Geotechnical engineering","score_opus":0.0225092452146446,"score_gpt":0.29528894858264004,"score_spread":0.27277970336799545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386727213","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9274304,0.003080022,0.05031857,0.0001844841,0.00010293362,0.00005902058,0.00013534188,0.00015513708,0.018534014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859548,0.0011237679,0.008977185,0.00003495837,0.000019436457,0.00002501705,0.00004570529,0.000016252536,0.0038028401],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999267,0.000009445574,0.00000385239,0.000020959096,0.000026468037,0.000012604197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999639,0.000010468476,0.000008330667,0.000005330096,0.000009333695,0.0000026529688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008409903,0.00014596817,0.0001732188,0.0001878601,0.0001791557,0.00039510842,0.00020594968,0.0001315521,0.0014627033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009122611,0.00009154085,0.00025797836,0.0003388158,0.0001533843,0.00034419348,0.00023422424,0.0002191138,0.0003182455],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009019206,0.00003659115,0.002192104,0.00028743234,0.000009012779,0.00015091109,0.00006074845,0.0017050256,0.9400099,0.0006201482,0.00023509892,0.054602865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018950344,0.00035772927,0.013699603,0.00004417388,0.000048670296,0.0004426997,0.00024949378,0.021069793,0.9420914,0.0006438544,0.02130884,0.000024853945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005540731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013100416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014627033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001533245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013905489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0048931837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386807633","doi":"10.1016/j.ceja.2023.100558","title":"Performance analysis of the Thermo Osmotic Energy Conversion (TOEC) process for harvesting low-grade heat","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal Advances","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Osmotic power; Materials science; Heat transfer; Process engineering; Membrane; Heat sink; Pressure-retarded osmosis; Mass transfer; Power station; Environmental science; Nuclear engineering; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Chemical engineering; Mechanical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Reverse osmosis","score_opus":0.017603425236704953,"score_gpt":0.26686512367164744,"score_spread":0.2492616984349425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386807633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.988644,0.0010604445,0.007158537,0.000118294476,0.00002802707,0.000033091237,0.00048795104,0.00016120991,0.002308446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997251,0.0005910034,0.0013465749,0.000016054935,0.000005645851,0.000029091341,0.00017519212,0.000021321206,0.00056421803],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995359,0.00003336563,0.000029786757,0.000094478586,0.00022240839,0.00008397076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995659,0.00019904118,0.00006764877,0.00003232081,0.00011571547,0.00001940206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066207215,0.0003917444,0.00047794793,0.00047358425,0.0003635218,0.0005191905,0.00048476888,0.00054632674,0.0019781468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00084352127,0.000171892,0.00047061933,0.00070074614,0.0003420307,0.00066134566,0.00036506308,0.0006356627,0.00053039176],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005057972,0.00012316,0.0015958044,0.0003505873,0.000023072282,0.00019038355,0.0001019073,0.013179236,0.9685545,0.00081480184,0.00040312464,0.014157539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010455253,0.0005977814,0.0027527267,0.000012176612,0.000018054241,0.000044732686,0.000059446385,0.069668666,0.92572135,0.00011283546,0.0009792775,0.000022469187],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016117678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009603863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0019781468,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049764523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003116582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0066176057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386953292","doi":"10.1109/iceccme57830.2023.10252982","title":"Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) Foundation as Solar Thermal Energy Storage Integrated with Reverse Osmosis/Thermal Water Desalination Plant for Cold Climate","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Geothermal desalination; Low-temperature thermal desalination; TRNSYS; Solar desalination; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Solar energy; Process engineering; Reverse osmosis plant; Thermal energy; Renewable energy; Energy recovery; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Thermal; Engineering; Meteorology; Energy (signal processing); Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.025606950475726628,"score_gpt":0.2668605860029644,"score_spread":0.24125363552723778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386953292","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9368122,0.00086009223,0.045494694,0.00017952027,0.000140196,0.000118133794,0.00086039334,0.0013841706,0.01415062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912115,0.00014251108,0.006074037,0.000009697002,0.000004403877,0.000017924356,0.00020205133,0.000017751181,0.0023202477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985933,0.000013843376,0.00000694476,0.000028597366,0.00006333606,0.000028008266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990237,0.000012454401,0.000013918635,0.000019745878,0.000037447695,0.000013992688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000113761016,0.00046579525,0.00038277454,0.00037783614,0.00040456324,0.0003735288,0.0005282769,0.00045107774,0.0026458171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015239748,0.00014282898,0.00044066698,0.0004340709,0.00018469668,0.0004833466,0.0002716732,0.00027429484,0.0004833204],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00075897074,0.0002867604,0.015174364,0.00062878017,0.00012691307,0.0018566955,0.0002750299,0.27719367,0.48684996,0.0043567508,0.0052792425,0.20721285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016198732,0.0009542385,0.02704244,0.00012567469,0.00025959258,0.0014063312,0.00032390037,0.5121551,0.4077122,0.0015239005,0.048205107,0.00012953019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0050078174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009864348,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0050078174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000535125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006323668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009957314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387060887","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3285251/v2","title":"Boosting all-weather atmospheric water vapor harvesting with a solar-driven membrane system","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kootenay Association for Science & Technology","funders":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","keywords":"Environmental science; Adaptability; Sorbent; Water vapor; Process engineering; Arid; Boosting (machine learning); Pulp and paper industry; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Computer science; Chemistry; Adsorption; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.13922804287465707,"score_gpt":0.3890783508813159,"score_spread":0.24985030800665886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387060887","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8604067,0.0015908865,0.118248805,0.00062155805,0.0003336898,0.00005968365,0.00033600017,0.0011319785,0.017270718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920191,0.00023218073,0.004948423,0.00003881565,0.000019889292,0.000011546177,0.000046288027,0.000028985205,0.0026548018],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999294,0.0000058474307,0.0000019283514,0.000017752638,0.000030532552,0.000014516003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995303,0.000012407125,0.0000052507025,0.000007940765,0.00001351388,0.00000789932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008956431,0.00017496757,0.00027793608,0.00008538313,0.00023274097,0.0003512589,0.00031853723,0.00029683058,0.0024591486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015425906,0.000100700934,0.00021994834,0.0001761524,0.00015187176,0.0003947299,0.0004515475,0.00032587236,0.00069029676],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013469113,0.00003724132,0.0003560167,0.00009681216,0.000016218915,0.000028070235,0.000027125823,0.0030247064,0.9767194,0.0009748627,0.00055590994,0.018028973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002863467,0.00014652919,0.0015318149,0.0000079213005,0.000020143338,0.00005109747,0.000037064994,0.06360825,0.92531234,0.00075813854,0.008482353,0.00001565823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00058750855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00083657284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024591486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029726868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016800368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008226633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387227596","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.116997","title":"Femtosecond laser induced porous surface on polymethyl methacrylate for filmwise condensation to improve solar still productivity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","keywords":"Materials science; Solar still; Desalination; Wetting; Femtosecond; Condensation; Solar desalination; Porosity; Composite material; Contact angle; Laser; Chemical engineering; Optics; Chemistry; Meteorology","score_opus":0.05339844135414094,"score_gpt":0.3329571918778088,"score_spread":0.27955875052366785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387227596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869152,0.0005713512,0.010595663,0.0000659256,0.00003494377,0.000037165857,0.000098877834,0.00015120383,0.0015297151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905421,0.00032075445,0.007063348,0.00002270869,0.000008443657,0.000019753334,0.00006968921,0.000027540162,0.0019255107],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992085,0.000004749278,0.000003774503,0.000017832373,0.000035169338,0.000017531413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999058,0.000022418983,0.000035156438,0.000012835191,0.000015016224,0.000008760406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008028246,0.0002513895,0.00010739933,0.00014223262,0.00010074406,0.00012955026,0.0001541945,0.00021344119,0.0012919571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013405521,0.00013612743,0.0002076915,0.00013852262,0.00017184808,0.0002573588,0.00015950229,0.0003183657,0.0001711048],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004253697,0.0000031903478,0.000022232414,0.000009895351,8.3338443e-7,0.0000086057935,0.000005434712,0.000038062593,0.99944097,0.000020470156,0.000009610378,0.00043639936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018252877,0.000041117433,0.0005134919,8.825218e-7,0.0000015929887,0.000020005124,0.0000038532044,0.00046011017,0.9985066,0.000007785098,0.00044146992,0.0000013617631],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045345534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013043607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012919571,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022346452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012759239,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004322052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387326986","doi":"10.1002/smll.202305579","title":"Carbonaceous Materials‐Based Photothermal Process in Water Treatment: From Originals to Frontier Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Small","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Nanotechnology; Frontier; Process (computing); Materials science; Photothermal effect; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Archaeology","score_opus":0.11798256311765948,"score_gpt":0.388105132973926,"score_spread":0.27012256985626654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387326986","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006665872,0.9958845,0.00044653937,0.00015603668,0.00018477335,0.000009049276,0.000021335974,0.000009807872,0.002621432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0027069005,0.99561054,0.00036186236,0.00009496059,0.00009757047,0.00001119027,0.000022414471,0.000002367705,0.0010922347],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987483,0.000013956932,0.000012491599,0.000027947011,0.000053100463,0.000017743681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999074,0.000047243215,0.000014989434,0.000003879613,0.00001980871,0.000006681338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002966031,0.000825309,0.0007646497,0.0017746894,0.0003464953,0.0007814435,0.00049432606,0.0008220945,0.002875243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026096829,0.00038782108,0.00057057047,0.0020973533,0.0003587462,0.0013401966,0.0005378233,0.0012476512,0.0010391684],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000726945,0.00016467324,0.00025251784,0.06363415,0.00013588167,0.00042953363,0.00019652744,0.001367924,0.027307063,0.019749453,0.019446786,0.8672427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008027571,0.00014774958,0.00082754233,0.0034478547,0.00009882057,0.0007943948,0.0000904763,0.00039210013,0.006862275,0.0030901537,0.98421246,0.000028269293],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008714101,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016813524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002875243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043784684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005777387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00961864},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387357015","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02126","title":"Evolution of Morphology and Distribution of Salt Crystals on a Photothermal Layer during Solar Interfacial Evaporation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Evaporation; Crystallization; Photothermal therapy; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.026619016996429115,"score_gpt":0.28969203363778,"score_spread":0.2630730166413509,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387357015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955272,0.0003215409,0.0027540056,0.000022750088,0.000009751509,0.000012473763,0.00016954813,0.00007257077,0.0011100512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972025,0.00024536945,0.0015479566,0.000017946792,0.0000030104372,0.000017149021,0.000103567814,0.00002684123,0.0008356515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999899,0.0000046610808,0.000004678757,0.00002683825,0.00004130511,0.000023495002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999876,0.000036017605,0.00003261923,0.0000109369585,0.000033054293,0.000011324994],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010890408,0.0001667213,0.00021536503,0.0002174283,0.00019865698,0.00040402176,0.0001720176,0.00021637749,0.00087313884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026476517,0.00020203677,0.00019586808,0.00022721358,0.00031352587,0.0004050466,0.0002575073,0.00041847682,0.00016180973],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038975766,0.000007733465,0.0008836672,0.000027095093,0.000004197789,0.00007960137,0.00009018573,0.00021449679,0.9969637,0.00010445766,0.000045231613,0.0015406185],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026573757,0.00003342695,0.0074713724,0.000004397673,0.000006859979,0.00006236008,0.00009189375,0.0026921988,0.98902345,0.000033230524,0.0005693811,0.000008680116],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010623751,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014928735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010623751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024000724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000115022514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029209852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387491765","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2023.111234","title":"Facile fabrication of functionalized wood evaporator through deep eutectic solvent delignification for efficient solar-driven water purification","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemical engineering; Materials science; Portable water purification; Evaporator; Desalination; Surface modification; Evaporation; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Organic chemistry; Heat exchanger","score_opus":0.01920790578353119,"score_gpt":0.24164983509196641,"score_spread":0.22244192930843523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387491765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9306998,0.0019532943,0.055621542,0.000212944,0.00013521391,0.000077262855,0.0007377689,0.00091740495,0.009644733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96671337,0.00097116665,0.02438682,0.00009335135,0.000020967218,0.00007000459,0.00043881978,0.00008781414,0.007217666],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999155,0.0000036013241,0.000004309711,0.000021190857,0.00002829529,0.000027172364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999616,0.0000069122075,0.000010205745,0.000005858498,0.000009067678,0.0000063600555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009520787,0.0003559393,0.00022205699,0.00018309071,0.00018583641,0.00017971381,0.0003115848,0.0003022092,0.0015856178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079655765,0.00021019031,0.00024917003,0.00013633892,0.0001287725,0.00036607514,0.00030282582,0.0005070896,0.00074938004],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009704671,0.000009099183,0.000037953712,0.000041057712,0.0000030470312,0.000050805364,0.000017211007,0.00011112086,0.9973188,0.00021759687,0.00012875699,0.0020547584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026065916,0.000027349286,0.00025870992,0.0000017016923,0.000002751448,0.00003909401,0.00000772889,0.0006562252,0.9967102,0.00002937297,0.0022599483,0.0000043232144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024502256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012864909,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015856178,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017675846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018106417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0053044558},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387957271","doi":"10.18280/mmep.100506","title":"Enhancement of Pyramid Solar Still Productivity Through Wick Material and Reflective Applications in Iraqi Conditions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pyramid (geometry); Productivity; Solar still; Materials science; Environmental science; Optics; Economics; Physics; Chemistry; Desalination","score_opus":0.04420547143683261,"score_gpt":0.2887843921060619,"score_spread":0.24457892066922926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387957271","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97997755,0.0010323548,0.012177769,0.00013175044,0.00005084657,0.00003262589,0.0002458335,0.00022769386,0.0061235535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919104,0.00056168775,0.0061234576,0.00002781967,0.0000070052424,0.000010595006,0.0000887472,0.00002268201,0.0012475477],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998889,0.000008925851,0.000005058139,0.000021661428,0.000049756254,0.00002584752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990547,0.000015808295,0.00001775404,0.0000130044045,0.000039168353,0.000008718098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019802139,0.00031447364,0.0002272333,0.0003629608,0.00014947096,0.00045974678,0.00026999915,0.0002388567,0.0013911474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024092112,0.00010332357,0.00035804338,0.0005315292,0.00021011176,0.0005751988,0.00029423053,0.00025299107,0.00031682692],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018938309,0.00010292633,0.002273036,0.0004482943,0.00002124799,0.00028173547,0.000098537035,0.007404345,0.94970787,0.0009746454,0.0006271802,0.037870858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014512003,0.000748695,0.009189634,0.000017840777,0.00005287434,0.0001866205,0.00022117794,0.020089183,0.9602509,0.00031712838,0.00888651,0.000024805848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010141472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003001254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013911474,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002858865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016763118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046538115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388186284","doi":"10.18280/mmep.100504","title":"Modeling and Analysis of Desalination in A Solar Dome Using CFD","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dome (geology); Computational fluid dynamics; Desalination; Solar desalination; Marine engineering; Environmental science; Aerospace engineering; Geology; Engineering; Geomorphology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.06584640072795955,"score_gpt":0.2811744831482283,"score_spread":0.21532808242026874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388186284","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.32369176,0.0009779488,0.63390464,0.0007147604,0.0001593689,0.00029742485,0.0010069682,0.00087237597,0.038374808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95106494,0.00071336253,0.037317082,0.00006116199,0.000023421573,0.0002188466,0.0002586051,0.000079210055,0.010263294],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998323,0.00003378911,0.000011900546,0.00003576371,0.000054888988,0.000031338397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997979,0.00010545738,0.000019798306,0.000015520081,0.000046192956,0.000015140909],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025328528,0.0005194091,0.00077958475,0.0005307733,0.0009475852,0.0011792656,0.0005961697,0.0013227611,0.0015248474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061828276,0.00036378874,0.0008491692,0.0004048601,0.00079414743,0.0007234256,0.0006618216,0.00049987494,0.00027772973],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001454907,0.000013089576,0.00057025836,0.000029913885,0.0000056620247,0.00008372628,0.000033215325,0.99098665,0.0040889895,0.0019320092,0.0001032762,0.0021385455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037906957,0.0000061815263,0.00018970686,0.0000034722405,0.0000016394636,0.00001268426,0.000011029035,0.99816567,0.0008489437,0.00028995503,0.0004627635,0.0000043058876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023249932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007619984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023249932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010787253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017308374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.046229184},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388871858","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2023.117153","title":"A dual-functional lignin containing pulp foam for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Evaporator; Adsorption; Desalination; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Evaporation; Solar desalination; Seawater; Waste management; Chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.06098989281591488,"score_gpt":0.31567461523961354,"score_spread":0.25468472242369866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388871858","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94287217,0.0028674745,0.0477505,0.00021450817,0.00013918553,0.000066457105,0.0003421878,0.0005070665,0.0052405014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789604,0.00071670534,0.01526598,0.00007773062,0.000021744167,0.00004493065,0.00023230942,0.0000342196,0.0046459585],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989164,0.000011617924,0.0000065364784,0.000025061088,0.00003627844,0.000028853336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993396,0.000012064799,0.000011387427,0.000009438222,0.000018805407,0.000014216242],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001494178,0.00031249126,0.00019895799,0.00024066099,0.00017730166,0.00020919084,0.00029078143,0.0004033152,0.0011885359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001778082,0.000114353104,0.00020088653,0.00017852629,0.00012791631,0.00037833373,0.00032598295,0.00036990564,0.00042670502],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055373323,0.0000385381,0.00010146447,0.00008836354,0.000005822396,0.00005401554,0.000017192162,0.000099372344,0.989321,0.0002204634,0.0001549486,0.009843387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039984075,0.00008461654,0.00026771097,0.0000034789955,0.00000648612,0.00006928175,0.000010080679,0.0011727705,0.9962692,0.000030787865,0.002076411,0.0000051067987],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002752631,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007935499,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011885359,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016007104,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014097689,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039761066},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389149686","doi":"10.20944/preprints202311.1709.v1","title":"Continuous Reactive-Roll-to-Roll Growth of Carbon Nanotubes for Fog Water Harvesting Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Carbon nanotube; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Catalysis; Surface modification; Chemical engineering; Composite number; Composite material; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.15460933899457882,"score_gpt":0.3700883640433963,"score_spread":0.21547902504881747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389149686","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.770143,0.003562242,0.20884198,0.00023724332,0.00032206153,0.00026149864,0.00068613875,0.0014102128,0.014535673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9036738,0.0017100283,0.086788006,0.00007963272,0.00005011956,0.00012355878,0.0005481113,0.0001863955,0.0068403543],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987614,0.0000075089165,0.000005405824,0.000028955512,0.00006933035,0.000012653878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999323,0.000018345887,0.000015006027,0.000012885523,0.000014124795,0.0000073369374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009258741,0.00037668404,0.00017458611,0.00020629517,0.0001543151,0.00024296631,0.00025584953,0.00032691946,0.00097188854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016464858,0.0001677402,0.00020045372,0.00013425286,0.00014492663,0.00029535335,0.00025877333,0.0004555373,0.00055379036],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009314016,0.000007044105,0.000040559695,0.0000352982,0.0000016127062,0.000034151624,0.000012179644,0.00012302765,0.9956911,0.00014031639,0.000092313734,0.0038131406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039218235,0.000071059665,0.0005684224,0.00000618569,0.0000045148054,0.00009746675,0.000010644063,0.0037669747,0.99069464,0.00010112463,0.004667497,0.0000075507446],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003259774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010606064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00097188854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014727846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010579494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032512546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389339050","doi":"10.1038/s41467-023-43594-4","title":"Wood-based superblack","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; China Scholarship Council; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Academy of Finland; Walter Ahlströmin Säätiö; Aalto-Yliopisto; European Commission; Tekniikan Edistämissäätiö; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.05908628456302738,"score_gpt":0.3643861043701722,"score_spread":0.3052998198071448,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389339050","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93916726,0.0010241371,0.045341965,0.000091748734,0.00006460411,0.000037081085,0.0003153477,0.00053947023,0.013418384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96507496,0.00054821814,0.027684217,0.00004379144,0.000007872996,0.00003324533,0.0002705811,0.000103629085,0.0062334966],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994004,0.0000038253534,0.00000177385,0.000017628674,0.00002505284,0.000011713978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999527,0.000008666234,0.0000129425,0.0000061882715,0.000010468299,0.000009042018],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056778033,0.0002098711,0.00011241371,0.00014175521,0.00017831006,0.00030961298,0.00023307184,0.00030085174,0.0018025142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000090679,0.0001619028,0.00013546704,0.000108427324,0.00014892253,0.0002602564,0.0002090951,0.0003235907,0.00055451767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013408113,0.000008346449,0.00010857171,0.00005700206,0.0000027809015,0.00004879776,0.000013737628,0.00072469306,0.9948442,0.000932886,0.00011928568,0.003126327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037092161,0.00007597209,0.0008082369,0.000006040436,0.000005217118,0.000108297405,0.000015868796,0.0053175082,0.98574245,0.00024486653,0.007666236,0.000005666013],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029924294,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013744358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018025142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013816025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001297951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0060299635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389433734","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3472099/v1","title":"Boosting Solar-Driven Water Evaporation through Selective Water Gating Enabled by Thermo-Responsive Sporopollenin","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Research Square","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Water transport; Evaporation; Chemical engineering; Water flow; Solar still; Coating; Solar energy; Nanotechnology; Desalination; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Meteorology","score_opus":0.12481371585232817,"score_gpt":0.42280601104449506,"score_spread":0.29799229519216686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389433734","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97747827,0.001013286,0.016033245,0.00016301146,0.00007363644,0.000023937504,0.0002873121,0.00026733635,0.0046598976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99449664,0.0004231857,0.0024094442,0.000050950857,0.0000066738908,0.000017193806,0.00011148629,0.00006157509,0.0024228825],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999305,0.000005405433,0.0000022381562,0.00002680027,0.000016505499,0.000018571262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999542,0.0000134746715,0.0000112337875,0.0000050689096,0.000005541645,0.00001056513],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006576661,0.0002260047,0.00016044635,0.00006373146,0.00009074042,0.0003038079,0.00019398774,0.00019356223,0.0017314325],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013350668,0.00009325899,0.00013456211,0.00012562948,0.00016522259,0.00037016615,0.0003168529,0.0005061839,0.00040994736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029287481,0.000011534572,0.000028808408,0.000027784337,0.0000015295396,0.000011234981,0.0000102796075,0.00011012535,0.9977598,0.00016741389,0.00008259869,0.0017595724],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035472356,0.000023654993,0.00020567708,0.0000015944622,0.0000014624354,0.000010103255,0.000007063326,0.0012137037,0.9972594,0.000044412034,0.0012264556,0.00000298952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018535118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00033207546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017314325,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022889045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009389343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057922006},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389540932","doi":"10.17118/11143/20991","title":"Thermo-economic analysis of solar humidification-dehumidificationdesalination system with subsurface condenser","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Condenser (optics); Solar desalination; Environmental science; Process engineering; Materials science; Petroleum engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.03023134608431461,"score_gpt":0.28716709366437204,"score_spread":0.25693574758005744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389540932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9200061,0.0007239292,0.052968495,0.00047100056,0.00008354753,0.00012507629,0.00050047314,0.00019403813,0.024927361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957141,0.0001422271,0.0012551487,0.000015807518,0.000006371077,0.000046066925,0.00007835703,0.000012332094,0.002729568],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978954,0.000039464805,0.000008013022,0.000036779493,0.00006244707,0.00006380517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998029,0.000086538086,0.000028942073,0.000010483114,0.00005262604,0.000018492003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030335522,0.000509279,0.0010651904,0.0003657645,0.0008165035,0.0011363514,0.00076973916,0.0008842217,0.0029625655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044722485,0.0003898145,0.001047203,0.00030771372,0.0005675937,0.00084588927,0.00061961747,0.0005433192,0.00020659753],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009237063,0.000040495263,0.0014418453,0.00006291151,0.000020129024,0.00016011545,0.000023547896,0.9903037,0.004689277,0.0011003697,0.0002059848,0.0018593407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000072590697,0.000031956908,0.0005242082,0.0000017429111,0.00000659387,0.000006011951,0.000014680248,0.9985141,0.00063131854,0.00013883077,0.00011885894,0.0000044632698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02786122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011273847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02786122,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014242973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001245556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.055398047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389618896","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8_4","title":"Solar Pond Applications","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Solar energy; Environmental science; Thermal energy storage; Greenhouse; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.054191960574235816,"score_gpt":0.2956325853029439,"score_spread":0.2414406247287081,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389618896","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013473256,0.004931891,0.007288389,0.00045823748,0.000669083,0.00005796135,0.0002269285,0.000530051,0.9844902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0078567155,0.0045444323,0.0020840294,0.00025185148,0.00011233009,0.000028500639,0.0002285909,0.00011924417,0.98477423],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998362,0.000009582094,0.0000036464132,0.0000225716,0.00011229458,0.000015584543],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993336,0.0000100907355,0.000002737222,0.000013578465,0.000032555497,0.000007624678],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012452695,0.00058185955,0.00036946405,0.000662681,0.0008029906,0.001471156,0.0007511636,0.00088468817,0.10513165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021787718,0.00025740886,0.00040408663,0.0010332213,0.00025691112,0.0012698651,0.0013378985,0.0010253174,0.045823015],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039997274,0.000113910006,0.00014815069,0.0007164493,0.000006185208,0.0002107297,0.00020412299,0.00071301113,0.02060113,0.041916233,0.29095408,0.644376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022679012,0.000013847449,0.00017020907,0.00005691869,0.0000021216358,0.00015429255,0.000044859742,0.00025929438,0.0038445464,0.0035074966,0.9919407,0.0000035206772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010234524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003461859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10513165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052182603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049698364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35170043},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389618928","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8_3","title":"Solar Pond Systems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Solar energy; Environmental science; Passive solar building design; Thermal energy storage; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Process engineering; Solar air conditioning; Engineering; Ecology; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.0655826974248383,"score_gpt":0.2838755933576714,"score_spread":0.21829289593283308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389618928","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021695574,0.0032627704,0.014264656,0.00043863352,0.0005676927,0.000075367425,0.00031618951,0.0008778889,0.97802734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018401565,0.003330798,0.0047005164,0.0002647468,0.000097501965,0.000045376844,0.00037662467,0.00016652448,0.9726164],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985325,0.000011953984,0.0000037082464,0.000026211545,0.00009109714,0.0000138410205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999479,0.0000069217963,0.000002582678,0.000013096761,0.000023206825,0.0000061478895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011982905,0.000508392,0.0003219877,0.00047674507,0.0008325604,0.0015821485,0.0006755692,0.0007049721,0.08063177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019449594,0.00024152646,0.00033421614,0.00079860137,0.00029064843,0.0012854182,0.0011635625,0.0008162129,0.029914824],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045551045,0.00009749729,0.00023780217,0.000433881,0.000010283914,0.00013115104,0.00019109754,0.001930165,0.010427191,0.084618196,0.21631901,0.68555814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004348508,0.00002140335,0.0002742787,0.00005035295,0.0000033225376,0.00010026532,0.000052145806,0.0007586686,0.0028879486,0.0075542945,0.9882881,0.000004828762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015133115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003924063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08063177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006228719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064041343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2697401},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389618945","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8_5","title":"Analysis and Assessment of Solar Ponds","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Solar energy; Thermal energy storage; Environmental science; Solar air conditioning; Process engineering; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.05085372528827902,"score_gpt":0.3383080044561762,"score_spread":0.2874542791678972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389618945","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.26379627,0.0059235548,0.5489638,0.00046844632,0.00018709745,0.00064731465,0.00421805,0.0020777518,0.17371774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7850404,0.00391295,0.11200781,0.00009404433,0.000037895003,0.0001810297,0.0018077857,0.00032775337,0.096590295],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995043,0.00005016523,0.000012738209,0.000068766814,0.00034093557,0.000023037139],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997236,0.0000936781,0.000020040856,0.000026394258,0.00012686836,0.000009305059],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045867718,0.0003844139,0.00048703357,0.0012759003,0.00045200874,0.0015153288,0.00080122915,0.00058362324,0.005600814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00073433877,0.00029236235,0.00048241983,0.0011062298,0.0003489346,0.0011106948,0.0005733296,0.0003354045,0.0015587126],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028299302,0.00020706562,0.024788646,0.0009818386,0.00007706503,0.00033387096,0.0003542166,0.10245119,0.1020703,0.015415523,0.0070313676,0.746006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045183493,0.0005575385,0.09223421,0.00040412034,0.00016625947,0.0007658354,0.0015027212,0.42455,0.3359882,0.05199757,0.09167057,0.000117799806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032200774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008576962,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005600814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00083554833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00067060575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0187366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389618959","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8","title":"Solar Ponds","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science","score_opus":0.04636343867219729,"score_gpt":0.30168593687306056,"score_spread":0.2553224982008633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389618959","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0028869975,0.0122933695,0.012314203,0.0011324394,0.0020960243,0.00009178792,0.0009153551,0.0018128008,0.9664571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018669827,0.008280303,0.007471712,0.00085024396,0.00024107596,0.00005768897,0.0008274359,0.00043316645,0.9631685],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997781,0.000013286622,0.000006065772,0.000038090435,0.00014748292,0.000017067683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999294,0.000014337462,0.000003596583,0.00001456612,0.000027329299,0.000010742206],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012694095,0.0005493585,0.0006323538,0.00084266043,0.0015234896,0.002436349,0.0008057803,0.0009951271,0.09472459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002761474,0.0003993583,0.0006423732,0.0011691805,0.0004979406,0.001957248,0.0015945246,0.0013250003,0.04386984],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007668574,0.00009431463,0.00024322313,0.00088638347,0.000013022564,0.00037595944,0.00035634934,0.0015496921,0.015362397,0.12125417,0.36040697,0.49938077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033062595,0.000011036843,0.00008295128,0.00004907329,0.0000022821666,0.0001407416,0.000034223307,0.00018440369,0.0016969963,0.0050734575,0.9927175,0.000004042173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008355707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021691672,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09472459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053238403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055296335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31688535},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389622765","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-45457-8_7","title":"Practical Examples and Case Studies","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Flexibility (engineering); Adaptability; Renewable energy; Solar energy; Desalination; Environmental science; Electricity; Process engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Environmental economics; Biochemical engineering; Ecology; Electrical engineering; Economics; Biology","score_opus":0.27193320611350924,"score_gpt":0.4154554675589182,"score_spread":0.14352226144540897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389622765","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08228626,0.004039436,0.023189116,0.0017761769,0.00018195517,0.0006290923,0.00059689657,0.00027271395,0.8870284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3916873,0.008663373,0.053526647,0.00079158606,0.000083619,0.00076286815,0.0012368103,0.00027883047,0.54296905],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"case_report","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989833,0.00048748968,0.000032789038,0.00006771064,0.0002815998,0.00014702178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910885,0.00057350134,0.000036551293,0.000082682935,0.00011427635,0.00008417688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009672002,0.00083615206,0.00039861703,0.0013460732,0.002717636,0.00222041,0.0017160273,0.0029541422,0.04496447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0031957245,0.00029167635,0.00049243507,0.00300087,0.0011516875,0.0014189469,0.0017105736,0.0011856445,0.01002539],"study_design_candidate":"case_report","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081366044,0.0034308746,0.004092462,0.0028631017,0.000038565067,0.028906116,0.012300092,0.03609601,0.0061989585,0.20961143,0.16134165,0.534307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014055357,0.0005641102,0.0034079328,0.00095160917,0.00003408579,0.009074133,0.0169534,0.0077367346,0.0053428137,0.053731885,0.9019844,0.000078367244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0055502406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014400584,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04496447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012784476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007144603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15042108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389962043","doi":"10.18280/psees.060101","title":"Conception of a Salinity-Gradient Solar Pond in Beirut, Lebanon: Instrumentation, Control, Maintenance and Economic","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Instrumentation (computer programming); Salinity; Environmental science; Oceanography; Engineering; Geology; Solar energy; Computer science; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01001176841803164,"score_gpt":0.23527755843435896,"score_spread":0.22526579001632732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389962043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4905181,0.0039840797,0.13572294,0.013918928,0.0006884076,0.00043099647,0.0003801534,0.00019298273,0.35416338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95852375,0.0010831647,0.015831983,0.0003414201,0.00006096606,0.00009205249,0.000071876,0.000016040229,0.02397868],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998191,0.00006121693,0.000007723243,0.00003027849,0.000040467436,0.000041215557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999399,0.000008659779,0.000009270434,0.0000043207383,0.000021032018,0.000016766333],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000259117,0.00025820232,0.00011882206,0.00038339285,0.0017291986,0.0022805354,0.0004884185,0.000779509,0.0025258367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016090796,0.00009649949,0.00018019853,0.00031116948,0.0015665957,0.0009261809,0.0011531997,0.00049296924,0.00024990496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012975953,0.00013152143,0.015673444,0.00033173454,0.000019119281,0.0063620755,0.00880353,0.013202866,0.020174988,0.85123235,0.005111396,0.07882729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008796017,0.0006854146,0.034297522,0.0007445549,0.000080522346,0.005518073,0.051726464,0.06388864,0.023473583,0.21961623,0.5997123,0.00016872214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054078875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0079322355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0054078875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002024761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002957609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014690697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390517343","doi":"10.5383/ijtee.06.01.005","title":"Design, Fabrication, and Performance Evaluation of Double Slope Active Solar Still under Forced Circulation Mode","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Distillation; Environmental science; Population; Solar still; Multiple-effect distillation; Solar energy; Renewable energy; Evaporation; Environmental engineering; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Water resources; Engineering; Chemistry; Meteorology; Ecology; Geography; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.026510930789615823,"score_gpt":0.25363128507591665,"score_spread":0.2271203542863008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390517343","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97822887,0.0004356193,0.018427582,0.0001000226,0.00008224277,0.00008826576,0.0002905087,0.00025748473,0.0020894867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97855926,0.00029501857,0.01772371,0.000026347358,0.000012554771,0.0000545818,0.00014262495,0.00002738908,0.003158514],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998672,0.000006699701,0.000008511165,0.00003828989,0.00006125152,0.00001801829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971265,0.000032088497,0.00006859655,0.000041206295,0.00011942237,0.000025931371],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015626788,0.00027437462,0.00023911303,0.0002630396,0.00014809228,0.00035482075,0.0005348593,0.00041248638,0.00088500977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026827608,0.00021310791,0.00033332896,0.000231208,0.00017583158,0.00033139804,0.0001477139,0.00014159876,0.0002371629],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006386719,0.000029521652,0.0011041026,0.00014294301,0.000011397927,0.00015972137,0.00012267852,0.0012513723,0.98934466,0.00015079114,0.00025526664,0.007363562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003963437,0.0013357538,0.011955334,0.000014700635,0.000053678876,0.00049886963,0.00014624921,0.012786912,0.965868,0.00006499772,0.0071979077,0.000037986632],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00096777035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020520496,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00096777035,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029677368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028486538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002960682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390586853","doi":"10.1002/adma.202470007","title":"3D Printed Cellulose Nanofiber Aerogel Scaffold with Hierarchical Porous Structures for Fast Solar‐Driven Atmospheric Water Harvesting (Adv. Mater. 1/2024)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Nanofiber; Cellulose; Aerogel; Porosity; Chemical engineering; Evaporation; Sorption; Water vapor; 3d printed; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Adsorption; Organic chemistry; Meteorology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.014014479757918587,"score_gpt":0.2713554824598349,"score_spread":0.2573410027019163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390586853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95617265,0.0015212717,0.034099538,0.00023259834,0.00015957872,0.000042550328,0.0008236805,0.0014248117,0.005523312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9766946,0.00057074626,0.019605257,0.000092732254,0.00002265681,0.000036777943,0.00033460892,0.00007061268,0.0025719246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999187,0.0000037405275,0.0000063791595,0.000023553772,0.000028507297,0.000019072679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990463,0.000017205497,0.000038286722,0.000010406165,0.000013198417,0.000016272012],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010950243,0.00031090915,0.00014947579,0.0002939807,0.00013195802,0.00030499542,0.00020449386,0.0004401493,0.0008675337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013186695,0.00017083548,0.00039617598,0.00016037324,0.00015796618,0.00035988874,0.00020335191,0.00030654247,0.00033554604],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015652373,0.000013182468,0.00005328838,0.000029605277,0.0000064068045,0.00007232451,0.000011948775,0.0003866848,0.9967524,0.00012964515,0.00011829593,0.0024105364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005891945,0.000052245086,0.0005361427,0.000002041469,0.000007904953,0.00007792591,0.000006225022,0.0020901323,0.99583274,0.00003166559,0.0013485517,0.000008443686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005005102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013145962,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008675337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026405577,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014851893,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029022098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390705383","doi":"10.3390/c10010009","title":"Continuous Reactive-Roll-to-Roll Growth of Carbon Nanotubes for Fog Water Harvesting Applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"C – Journal of Carbon Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal; McGill University","funders":"Polytechnique Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Carbon nanotube; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Surface modification; Catalysis; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.0751904836433387,"score_gpt":0.39301755252989984,"score_spread":0.31782706888656115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390705383","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82617277,0.0033009467,0.15577748,0.00025215794,0.00027637617,0.00025239156,0.0006163896,0.0012801565,0.012071306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93455744,0.0013376297,0.059284296,0.00006945053,0.000037722995,0.00010846266,0.0003768727,0.00010749551,0.0041206274],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988925,0.0000074190907,0.000005417368,0.000024805227,0.000060804785,0.00001238835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992466,0.000020029542,0.0000183844,0.000011408604,0.000016742286,0.000008865342],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009221082,0.0003816632,0.00017364149,0.00020621257,0.0001412763,0.00021041388,0.00026221309,0.0003409843,0.0007965135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016407481,0.00015648738,0.00018924857,0.00012186696,0.00013351724,0.0002975528,0.0002157751,0.00045270298,0.00042066665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000093153585,0.0000074468376,0.000042159205,0.000033092685,0.0000016256402,0.000036007412,0.000010288354,0.00012282039,0.99590486,0.00011465001,0.00009817398,0.0036195675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000048285174,0.00009084793,0.0007065012,0.000006105628,0.0000052921,0.00010697042,0.000011642648,0.004468748,0.9903258,0.00008739993,0.004176676,0.000009114118],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035935992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012699432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007965135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015480189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012012594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026646256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391619104","doi":"10.1007/s11708-024-0917-9","title":"From seawater to hydrogen via direct photocatalytic vapor splitting: A review on device design and system integration","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Seawater; Photocatalysis; Water vapor; Hydrogen production; Hydrogen; Process engineering; Materials science; Water splitting; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.047120445973948086,"score_gpt":0.3232627313254082,"score_spread":0.2761422853514601,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391619104","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00082888355,0.9961779,0.0011399873,0.00014359152,0.00024953025,0.000016104546,0.00006242166,0.000013789644,0.0013677082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0029085635,0.99462825,0.0011732292,0.00011386916,0.000090486195,0.000022451823,0.000077746496,0.00000459824,0.0009808312],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977475,0.000019732817,0.000028094548,0.00005989704,0.00009141843,0.000026100035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999859,0.000060772218,0.000026870981,0.0000092438795,0.000037005397,0.0000072350203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058331824,0.0011210045,0.0015205112,0.0013074696,0.00020989831,0.0010198482,0.0010696067,0.0010098548,0.0017705796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050186814,0.00062361115,0.00082706386,0.001808634,0.00032283174,0.0016800226,0.00070242875,0.0012687154,0.001071696],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012656082,0.00014253953,0.0002578971,0.05809738,0.00022661035,0.00023099742,0.000085244385,0.0012213081,0.04425318,0.01160246,0.015825815,0.86792994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003199367,0.00045213389,0.0009780219,0.0037130404,0.0003387192,0.0010045058,0.00007869943,0.0008894079,0.02613046,0.0035161907,0.9627976,0.00006921779],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079166994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015387696,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017705796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046917054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008785952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0059232116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391648920","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.023","title":"Micronleaf-shape graphene interfaces on wood transverse sections as advanced photothermal evaporators for water purification","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Material Science and Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Graphene; Materials science; Evaporation; Photothermal therapy; Evaporator; Desalination; Water transport; Photothermal effect; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Water flow; Heat exchanger; Environmental engineering; Membrane; Environmental science","score_opus":0.012650572985783324,"score_gpt":0.29088428701919766,"score_spread":0.27823371403341435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391648920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98907685,0.00057390105,0.0056555723,0.000071408664,0.00009072202,0.000015456511,0.00016983293,0.00020362856,0.0041426932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99337184,0.00017731173,0.004125785,0.000032997024,0.000007729929,0.000015458421,0.00007782777,0.00001596157,0.0021751244],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999441,0.0000043549103,0.0000017118797,0.000015119716,0.000019388308,0.000015309253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999571,0.000008177612,0.000008673533,0.000008038616,0.00000997991,0.000007961648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005383984,0.00018790651,0.00008691554,0.00018249881,0.00014421681,0.00025226414,0.00029500466,0.00037146953,0.0014464987],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009522839,0.00012364876,0.00011209367,0.00012781365,0.00013772973,0.00026226958,0.00018194612,0.00039323655,0.00037805972],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003185246,0.000016098642,0.00013079426,0.000034453074,0.000003021953,0.000038510392,0.000025019386,0.00031012116,0.9965822,0.00044343862,0.00018533939,0.0021992088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006986721,0.00010784287,0.0017595039,0.000008651268,0.000008941771,0.00004448845,0.00007678269,0.0049761715,0.9901931,0.00012408318,0.0026856249,0.000007827376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031138703,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013718297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014464987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002123149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008468441,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004839003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391883252","doi":"10.1115/1.4064774","title":"Economic and Performance Analysis of Modified Solar Distillation System Coupling Different Integrations Using Carbon Quantum Dot Nanoparticles: Generalized Thermal Model","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Carbon quantum dots; Quantum dot; Distillation; Coupling (piping); Thermal; Nanoparticle; Carbon Nanoparticles; Materials science; Carbon fibers; Nanofluid; Physics; Thermodynamics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Chromatography","score_opus":0.023369966716756025,"score_gpt":0.24909937236312366,"score_spread":0.22572940564636762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391883252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90250033,0.0014199519,0.07361717,0.0004501368,0.00007338926,0.00012243196,0.0005600415,0.0003222942,0.020934297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955089,0.00016814878,0.0014727224,0.000012855489,0.00000393107,0.0000421046,0.000060716957,0.00001472546,0.002715929],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977535,0.000046281337,0.00000805021,0.000043757238,0.00006326934,0.00006318843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978834,0.000095558345,0.000024071649,0.00001899215,0.00006134098,0.0000116697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048549098,0.00077585963,0.00096842233,0.00046455231,0.00054306834,0.0008556997,0.0007244349,0.0009116412,0.0025135428],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043824918,0.00037927608,0.001314441,0.00041314674,0.00051681686,0.00067084713,0.00042390393,0.0004788193,0.0003296743],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008386244,0.000031708158,0.00048550882,0.000071787596,0.000022709108,0.000074175805,0.0000136656045,0.9851951,0.010948672,0.0009880092,0.00017742187,0.001907392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039683414,0.000051957,0.00022295541,0.0000017890368,0.000008409605,0.000006662366,0.000006585727,0.99730587,0.0021476971,0.00015057114,0.000089287816,0.000004139141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011123303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0070020743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011123303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015664115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00072214816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022117138},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392091517","doi":"10.1016/j.surfin.2024.104076","title":"The core-shell CuO/PDA@TA-Fe nanowires arrays on 3D Cu foam for solar evaporator and water purification with highly efficiency and stability","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Surfaces and Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Science and Technology Plan Project of Taizhou; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Evaporator; Core (optical fiber); Shell (structure); Chemical engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Heat exchanger","score_opus":0.030698048917233118,"score_gpt":0.2796891098461794,"score_spread":0.24899106092894627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392091517","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98450124,0.00037972315,0.010956018,0.000074827636,0.000050751383,0.000011489841,0.0001899267,0.00029339176,0.0035426258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911506,0.00012990969,0.0065487837,0.000019087322,0.0000066656094,0.000018170382,0.00012575115,0.000033597644,0.0019675114],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999089,0.000004344354,0.0000050153258,0.000028313674,0.00003221396,0.00002116063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999552,0.0000058017486,0.000010993249,0.000007645348,0.000012807689,0.000007633778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004879883,0.00019956732,0.00016622127,0.00013519914,0.0001948815,0.00022687782,0.00023563113,0.00027320933,0.0009750504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011861604,0.00020872959,0.00013557571,0.00013343476,0.00011900793,0.00028496943,0.00021446423,0.00023363676,0.00027647958],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028603765,0.00000884408,0.00015481464,0.000035847675,0.000003539976,0.000044436172,0.0000244971,0.00021883851,0.99590105,0.0001909082,0.00017450989,0.003214165],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000052088167,0.00003062551,0.0010357052,0.0000036843203,0.000006223391,0.000044034205,0.000025770973,0.004239925,0.9927665,0.000051487386,0.0017849143,0.000005828988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009125367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031168184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009750504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022425895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012407536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032618642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392453228","doi":"10.1002/agt2.531","title":"RETRACTED: Plasmonic group 4 transition metal carbide interfaces for solar‐driven desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aggregate","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ocean Frontier Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Carbide; Plasmon; Materials science; Transition metal; Group (periodic table); Nanotechnology; Desalination; Engineering physics; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.026877202495523344,"score_gpt":0.2983771427867685,"score_spread":0.2714999402912452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392453228","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005143066,0.011925347,0.004731521,0.26332396,0.6864695,0.00020368666,0.0008523397,0.0014412218,0.025909314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07676199,0.017713567,0.007515221,0.19412029,0.17001772,0.00044274077,0.0016085,0.0018343579,0.52998567],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99737024,0.00028121425,0.00023699072,0.00032939384,0.0013962166,0.00038598233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99221945,0.0013823194,0.00037356754,0.0004947835,0.004031747,0.0014982386],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005076715,0.0011449951,0.0006338617,0.0008681402,0.0029670692,0.0039407024,0.003796684,0.011836489,0.028878596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01166207,0.0007354642,0.0006915422,0.0005991583,0.0017807124,0.0032767446,0.002453286,0.008661144,0.014808522],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009232953,0.000047394413,0.00017694746,0.00032152468,0.000017257104,0.0004106937,0.00009099585,0.00012234137,0.0022156658,0.0014051076,0.97160834,0.02349124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017391552,0.00007905575,0.00034912516,0.000082052866,0.000014215934,0.00017298861,0.000089074,0.0003718352,0.0027791332,0.0007199176,0.9953048,0.000020441352],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003889443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0048132874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028878596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0026248368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0031364155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09660852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392463755","doi":"10.36805/jbf.v3i4.941","title":"COMPARISON OF BRACKET WATER DESALINATION TESTS IN THE FORM OF POWDER, GRANULES AND GREEN ALGAE HYDROGEL","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Jurnal Buana Farma","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"WiLAN (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Bracket; Algae; Water desalination; Green algae; Pulp and paper industry; Materials science; Environmental science; Chemistry; Botany; Biology; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Biochemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.04760548890303482,"score_gpt":0.36228274201199934,"score_spread":0.3146772531089645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392463755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99697185,0.0004174318,0.0011832812,0.000028392396,0.000016216582,0.00002844172,0.00015110118,0.000019440904,0.0011837914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994369,0.0006281492,0.0030656767,0.000025060668,0.0000066557336,0.000033757307,0.00019601591,0.000013374525,0.00166238],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983835,0.00002381996,0.000028122928,0.000026251528,0.00006315813,0.000020191457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996946,0.00009508768,0.000066852284,0.000026699721,0.00008494051,0.000031834807],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021665414,0.0002571888,0.00015655394,0.00022117775,0.00011502865,0.0001879719,0.00012730436,0.00015789946,0.001099763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035531376,0.00007952287,0.00027551464,0.0002394016,0.00013222896,0.00048197122,0.00015310769,0.00028362448,0.0001263332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000098765224,0.00003945866,0.00047387395,0.00007847674,0.000008077045,0.000033629272,0.000056650468,0.000091394395,0.9962819,0.000026035108,0.000020414369,0.0027912408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039925403,0.00074756047,0.003277155,0.00000407986,0.000019299825,0.000055053748,0.00007583967,0.00026205127,0.99498194,0.000014127408,0.0005532437,0.0000055818073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054283446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014826631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001099763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000980317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101935955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0036790967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393169790","doi":"10.1051/e3sconf/202450502004","title":"RETRACTED: A Review on Next-Generation Solar Solutions: Pioneering Materials and Designs for Sustainable Energy Harvesting","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"E3S Web of Conferences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":true,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Horizon College and Seminary","funders":"","keywords":"Sustainable energy; Solar energy; Engineering physics; Energy harvesting; Environmental science; Architectural engineering; Energy (signal processing); Engineering; Renewable energy; Electrical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.2678029245788148,"score_gpt":0.37601590824128145,"score_spread":0.10821298366246662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393169790","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00038810025,0.37020484,0.0017703448,0.07387928,0.5269064,0.00025211778,0.0009979381,0.000407602,0.025193386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0041611786,0.6456067,0.004607984,0.092846364,0.099103756,0.00055624015,0.0029439167,0.00076213334,0.14941178],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99271834,0.0011028129,0.0013048941,0.0004355668,0.0039293724,0.0005089337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.96747184,0.006172221,0.0025128622,0.00090527814,0.020737072,0.0022006915],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.010600708,0.0015219961,0.0021677022,0.006391936,0.0024028507,0.006669513,0.0037400706,0.006074691,0.043786153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0393485,0.0006784917,0.002165959,0.0075384816,0.0016902585,0.0066723973,0.0030668364,0.0071147857,0.039004613],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029283487,0.000027782859,0.000065678316,0.0071023456,0.000039241135,0.0001797753,0.000121441066,0.00003203553,0.0005296672,0.002025446,0.8805091,0.109338194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060061766,0.00003103843,0.00013065874,0.0021096093,0.0000347735,0.00014893504,0.000036521436,0.0000098612145,0.00016227314,0.00040827764,0.9969131,0.000008933129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024693063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0058144084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043786153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0029669052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.013500506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14647925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394187614","doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.6967946","title":"Efficacy of a solar still in destroying virus and indicator bacteria in water for human consumption","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Figshare","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Consumption (sociology); Water consumption; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Sociology; Social science","score_opus":0.08298183097636029,"score_gpt":0.3493838426643388,"score_spread":0.2664020116879785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394187614","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.001152818,0.00022424624,0.000044450393,0.000044011405,0.0000125506685,0.00002149458,0.9981645,0.000056874876,0.00027904278],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0046209097,0.0002199096,0.00042543633,0.000044946966,0.000008595009,0.00021398283,0.99405706,0.000021685657,0.00038741095],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989159,0.00025771774,0.00023206024,0.00030086553,0.0001991646,0.0000941874],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968828,0.001495473,0.00048402773,0.00036666828,0.0006634571,0.00010756116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015193897,0.0009866633,0.0012526291,0.00271045,0.0003673946,0.0011004222,0.0014128899,0.0011595434,0.021660082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008260805,0.00026311638,0.0016980021,0.004559824,0.00022107108,0.00062487245,0.00088131014,0.0006841068,0.0082214],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019719217,0.0003302876,0.057443984,0.032466967,0.0015688309,0.00012798198,0.000119510274,0.0052559455,0.0009652607,0.0010119927,0.8631152,0.03562206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002943537,0.00033856486,0.18932676,0.0044999644,0.0015520392,0.00019935354,0.00036759351,0.0042296704,0.0019972986,0.0015321942,0.79287845,0.00013458687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024713868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03169273,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024713868,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009153129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012596587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.072460234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394614831","doi":"10.32388/gxhmz2","title":"Review of: \"Experimental Behavior of Solar Still Using Mixed Oxides Mn-Fe/Silicona Resin Composite as Selective Solar Absorber\"","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"peer-review","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Composite number; Materials science; Composite material","score_opus":0.061963611634685806,"score_gpt":0.3846864254651844,"score_spread":0.3227228138304986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394614831","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09817527,0.2661611,0.046863284,0.09218216,0.20607856,0.0021791304,0.010915048,0.0028895948,0.2745559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13929147,0.19464523,0.016616743,0.012244025,0.017951885,0.000828345,0.011467674,0.0012242894,0.60573035],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990355,0.00008774549,0.0000625281,0.00012252395,0.00063884223,0.00005297236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953654,0.0006357837,0.00015580446,0.0001572658,0.003565852,0.00011992709],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014115053,0.00037726026,0.00042398094,0.0009929172,0.00071955525,0.00072250754,0.0010443128,0.0009883798,0.01610731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003637227,0.00020579383,0.00026643876,0.0010211543,0.0004520077,0.000996115,0.0005597136,0.0006967467,0.0076773893],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002611589,0.00011789587,0.0005526889,0.0052684504,0.000039395527,0.00024533816,0.0002336325,0.00019432664,0.071972065,0.0036851582,0.6789434,0.23848642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017250328,0.000146836,0.0018552298,0.00027792418,0.000041270323,0.0001998875,0.00010949849,0.00017475545,0.045412127,0.00040428087,0.95133233,0.000028542767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015468465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004953374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01610731,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007616023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022023732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.053884327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394784040","doi":"10.1007/s40843-024-2892-6","title":"Structural integration of solar desalination system","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science China Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Solar desalination; Environmental science; Process engineering; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.026608247564085863,"score_gpt":0.3199245469236692,"score_spread":0.2933162993595833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394784040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9306021,0.000748929,0.028320279,0.00023667989,0.00035304186,0.00006731502,0.0003219416,0.0005838113,0.038766004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834531,0.00018625673,0.008382149,0.000037222508,0.000018357478,0.0000526877,0.00022855718,0.000027123813,0.0076145013],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999167,0.000005189336,0.0000032960083,0.000020317868,0.00003700499,0.000017502507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995494,0.0000029305077,0.0000055121795,0.000007243461,0.000021038051,0.000008480643],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054702934,0.0002295391,0.00019447888,0.00018103725,0.00032080954,0.00034406997,0.00051932817,0.00035172232,0.0038027526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000075030955,0.00016163701,0.00020714586,0.000162444,0.00013746195,0.00036416334,0.00031929155,0.00036350015,0.0007754047],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008046391,0.00008990131,0.00039121762,0.0001294968,0.000015131155,0.00007244325,0.00004239212,0.0026547727,0.9781497,0.0046251905,0.0005920125,0.013157239],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000031857584,0.0005183955,0.0030762872,0.0000108620625,0.000037420206,0.00014743136,0.000090572845,0.024124146,0.95167536,0.0008806473,0.019388393,0.000018597644],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046071786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084556727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038027526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032442165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002751188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012721479},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396590516","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.117686","title":"Root-based solar interfacial evaporation setup for efficient volumetric reduction of concentrated slurry waste","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Slurry; Evaporation; Evaporator; Desalination; Materials science; Seawater; Capillary action; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Environmental science; Composite material; Meteorology; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.029229033476231313,"score_gpt":0.31468349774531224,"score_spread":0.28545446426908094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396590516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9348528,0.0009400025,0.056514297,0.000223763,0.00013079193,0.000113792325,0.00065845106,0.0011716674,0.0053944294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9661782,0.00047236294,0.028943589,0.00009047675,0.000025902971,0.00014554056,0.00032792674,0.00008985934,0.0037260638],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997528,0.000019168596,0.000011901121,0.00007455735,0.0001109725,0.000030604493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999255,0.00001876381,0.000013120569,0.000013713008,0.000021741154,0.0000072305143],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015987382,0.0003631804,0.00046239485,0.00020294555,0.00031791982,0.000352983,0.0005635555,0.00045270752,0.0023329419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019388879,0.00019120637,0.00031111907,0.0002494308,0.00020075709,0.00049488124,0.000489247,0.000920087,0.00083310367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003029715,0.000027394595,0.000078389996,0.00006546369,0.0000035674586,0.00002037831,0.000022168955,0.00011177884,0.9959402,0.00015879312,0.00012296997,0.0034185557],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000054399015,0.000055168453,0.0003411096,0.0000019632826,0.0000049119835,0.000028599627,0.000017578664,0.0017459876,0.99660057,0.000028341145,0.0011650288,0.000005343977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043221225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010960199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023329419,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027029277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002587146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007804513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396675505","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142416","title":"Novel cellulose-based films with highly efficient photothermal performance for sustainable solar evaporation and solar-thermal power generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cleaner Production","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs; Government of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Solar energy; Energy conversion efficiency; Concentrated solar power; Thermal energy; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01838815593681267,"score_gpt":0.25022196046021256,"score_spread":0.23183380452339988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396675505","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9647584,0.005817044,0.015303817,0.0002668861,0.0002581455,0.000053722288,0.00044302506,0.00029603217,0.012802959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823424,0.0024865824,0.009737968,0.00012905098,0.000034350098,0.000043823926,0.00028891786,0.000067585286,0.004869342],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992967,0.0000041978406,0.0000050842777,0.000013725795,0.000023764884,0.000023505336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999269,0.000012530765,0.000017979612,0.0000056190574,0.0000170118,0.00001992752],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011671738,0.00042740934,0.00018481998,0.0001997632,0.00015284163,0.0004059933,0.00030294596,0.00037337342,0.0015445814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001994627,0.0002199735,0.00018856158,0.00025081728,0.00009671284,0.0004465573,0.00018893773,0.0005445043,0.00035272533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028891933,0.000019890018,0.000048475133,0.00006215064,0.0000055644073,0.00007377096,0.00001189249,0.00013040255,0.99626106,0.00016341722,0.00015545006,0.0030390546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000065933905,0.000038246348,0.00045431787,0.0000057592106,0.000008130562,0.000053058284,0.000007885733,0.0010520957,0.9966911,0.000020787476,0.0016573601,0.000004828964],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021090433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015445814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002951014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019147512,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051671863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396677969","doi":"10.28924/2291-8639-22-2024-74","title":"Mathematical Investigation of Non-Linear Reaction-Diffusion Equations on Multiphase Flow Transport in the Entrapped-Cell Photobioreactor Using Asymptotic Methods","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Analysis and Applications","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Photobioreactor; Mathematics; Flow (mathematics); Reaction–diffusion system; Applied mathematics; Diffusion; Convection–diffusion equation; Multiphase flow; Asymptotic analysis; Mechanics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering; Geometry; Waste management","score_opus":0.038437359117216754,"score_gpt":0.3747019853580006,"score_spread":0.33626462624078385,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396677969","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.047880694,0.00097323075,0.94122106,0.0006360261,0.00009683647,0.00009650568,0.00010948382,0.00013395023,0.008852262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88337326,0.0017202426,0.09743468,0.00022963401,0.00012089349,0.0007098451,0.00019913803,0.00010797602,0.016104337],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996666,0.00010892469,0.00002180672,0.00006626499,0.00010104195,0.000035399276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991252,0.00049821555,0.0001292155,0.000030792053,0.00019453085,0.000022063161],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010318765,0.0010025105,0.00084682024,0.0009028633,0.0005169947,0.00091730646,0.0009819766,0.0016810001,0.001221681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024368821,0.0004130522,0.0014376129,0.00049852446,0.0010656766,0.0013672841,0.0011760404,0.0013598625,0.00026830114],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025783014,0.000053948846,0.000616901,0.00021001293,0.00002150854,0.00022262149,0.00013542434,0.930577,0.011525849,0.051698282,0.0003437683,0.004568903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002029687,0.000007807426,0.000041126495,0.00000322686,0.0000029273606,0.000013971585,0.0000068960776,0.9974589,0.00037500996,0.0019092314,0.00017511171,0.0000037763357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0065834876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024485048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0065834876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012571196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012462373,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0130903125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396890232","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202400951","title":"Cover Feature: Advances in Hierarchical Inorganic Nanostructures for Efficient Solar Energy Harvesting Systems (ChemSusChem 11/2024)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemSusChem","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Solar energy; Photovoltaic system; Environmental science; Fossil fuel; Photovoltaics; Solar energy conversion; Clean energy; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.014365689297865929,"score_gpt":0.2763105370804166,"score_spread":0.26194484778255067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396890232","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0078211175,0.16941783,0.019114304,0.01639961,0.074344344,0.00058254815,0.009897319,0.0092591,0.6931639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.07180208,0.15664506,0.015030498,0.017259877,0.03094924,0.0009923119,0.016180044,0.0040057194,0.6871352],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995466,0.000016637196,0.000015643664,0.00007609415,0.00028247474,0.000062491825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997782,0.00005686451,0.00004088749,0.000018222736,0.00005115608,0.000054757198],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003789826,0.001195228,0.0008836624,0.0012641377,0.00076529593,0.0013856791,0.0014493654,0.0018700059,0.22156563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004927128,0.00068727485,0.0005267938,0.0013436313,0.00043045077,0.0026423403,0.0017953772,0.002793845,0.09220643],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010659834,0.000071523136,0.00002669112,0.0016038723,0.000015247468,0.000099469224,0.00001932559,0.0001762703,0.038715903,0.0055499775,0.8532758,0.10033941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003465611,0.00011921794,0.00035055197,0.00019797302,0.000007826482,0.00024727354,0.000010288844,0.00072578544,0.020450236,0.002443445,0.97538584,0.000026957869],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025689937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008709299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22156563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007168801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029230048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7412109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399265316","doi":"10.18331/brj2024.11.2.3","title":"The role of semi-artificial photosynthetic systems in energy and environmental solutions: a critical review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biofuel Research Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial photosynthesis; Photosynthesis; Environmental science; Computer science; Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.17114610263142943,"score_gpt":0.4341248073816113,"score_spread":0.26297870475018187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399265316","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00021085319,0.9982053,0.00022367276,0.0003438873,0.00020119445,0.000005764215,0.000014592877,0.000004550517,0.0007902656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00083882426,0.99836403,0.0002900932,0.00016793724,0.00009691084,0.000007481804,0.000018676408,0.0000012421663,0.00021470408],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946815,0.000111137335,0.00009269079,0.000093888186,0.00017426776,0.00005985092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986389,0.00082955044,0.00016780384,0.00002881213,0.00027564334,0.000059250164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014360354,0.0011897915,0.001343458,0.0030967116,0.0006682739,0.0022656552,0.0011890738,0.0015061421,0.0026371942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016433711,0.00048273357,0.00089602324,0.0041049165,0.0008445442,0.0032336814,0.0011774607,0.0017718634,0.0008924098],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007702945,0.00014445625,0.00048455247,0.14339674,0.0002390713,0.0006301962,0.00066593726,0.0015418311,0.0070190006,0.03125449,0.040707503,0.7738392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050818494,0.00012753096,0.0004883985,0.010066909,0.00017814845,0.0005360862,0.00025487356,0.00016274957,0.0010789362,0.0036665746,0.98340535,0.000029474846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001648177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003063118,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0030967116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011211316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035780375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008822322},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399358374","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2024-dhl01","title":"Refractory Plasmonic Material based Floating Solar Still for Simultaneous Desalination and Electricity Generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Research Nova Scotia; Killam Trusts; Ocean Frontier Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Desalination; Environmental science; Solar desalination; Photovoltaic system; Process engineering; Electricity; Environmental engineering; Waste management; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.03874517085036995,"score_gpt":0.30199695019338646,"score_spread":0.2632517793430165,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399358374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91742504,0.0021028833,0.05988588,0.00036228442,0.00023115608,0.00014102299,0.0008826976,0.001080172,0.017888816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9503325,0.0010324111,0.032183517,0.00012900664,0.000024720592,0.000080360216,0.00052865065,0.0001464484,0.015542361],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998895,0.0000050985523,0.0000038876397,0.00003759367,0.000046874953,0.000016995142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999436,0.000012453514,0.000009566979,0.000010962697,0.00001323998,0.00001015281],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010958871,0.00036276795,0.00019748663,0.00019860262,0.0001696623,0.0003367537,0.00034123517,0.0004362558,0.0026773405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012883206,0.0001550928,0.00023844802,0.00018221591,0.00020774639,0.0004975394,0.00033228353,0.0004403489,0.00073670055],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018680621,0.000011659084,0.00003428475,0.000063410764,0.000003332384,0.000040652227,0.000016241029,0.00033213556,0.99543625,0.00022086568,0.000275956,0.00354665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009519901,0.00009130589,0.0002978938,0.0000045618563,0.000006016312,0.00007070223,0.000017679822,0.0037037302,0.9910851,0.00006239925,0.0046440363,0.000006973841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006709852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019788381,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026773405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003444328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001579338,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008956611},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399514526","doi":"10.1080/01457632.2024.2362542","title":"Thermal Performance of Conventional-Metal and Novel-Plastic Drain Water Heat Recovery Device","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Heat Transfer Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Heat sink; Materials science; Thermal conduction; Transient (computer programming); Thermal; Environmental science; Heat transfer; Water flow; Thermal resistance; Nuclear engineering; Process engineering; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Computer science; Mechanics; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.015065348890756673,"score_gpt":0.22661381737731087,"score_spread":0.2115484684865542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399514526","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99288154,0.0006873268,0.0035519542,0.00006647004,0.00009488589,0.000017159746,0.00044261603,0.00017125341,0.002086766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99440587,0.00029183034,0.0020432135,0.0000249283,0.000011475043,0.000022135266,0.00016319881,0.000017078208,0.003020277],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984944,0.000011336622,0.000009818742,0.00005575911,0.00004775792,0.000025838095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998827,0.00003195134,0.000030296073,0.00001649895,0.000028678985,0.000009822684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000111424095,0.00024118819,0.00022110733,0.00020352378,0.00013361263,0.0002772099,0.00038248385,0.00036594307,0.0016423201],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030506987,0.00010887117,0.00021100313,0.0002628268,0.00015011756,0.00041706563,0.00015520715,0.00016110786,0.00034729863],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003121923,0.00006366315,0.00095971394,0.00026099748,0.000017097944,0.00015787345,0.00011175352,0.0011462085,0.98286486,0.00023318414,0.00077016366,0.013102276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000122011315,0.00044645363,0.0032517973,0.00001307815,0.00001814122,0.00013370969,0.00008417874,0.006150596,0.9871141,0.000030406276,0.00272626,0.000019058254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003262653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053053733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016423201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021928562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006748643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0054941177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399921134","doi":"10.18280/mmep.110610","title":"Mathematical Modelling and Performance Review of Desalination Technology Based Renewable Energy","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Mathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Renewable energy; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Environmental science; Computer science; Engineering; Chemistry; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.029840512210151725,"score_gpt":0.2429499585967577,"score_spread":0.21310944638660598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399921134","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011344583,0.4141068,0.49036515,0.0028180734,0.001305017,0.00010275871,0.00075330056,0.00035255778,0.07885164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.24072284,0.64325,0.08116904,0.0005301667,0.0016801858,0.00031025318,0.00126086,0.0001946851,0.030881913],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956936,0.00009663666,0.000044975637,0.000060144917,0.00020192873,0.000026940832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996234,0.00017118825,0.000043900633,0.00002626023,0.00012708463,0.000008278435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064522855,0.0010430416,0.0011146453,0.001373125,0.0003640304,0.001527493,0.0011558931,0.0011001151,0.003125333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010233603,0.0004745095,0.0014618142,0.0017197455,0.00054957607,0.0015665576,0.00067777466,0.0010159183,0.0014037999],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050776554,0.00010541685,0.0008054167,0.006707759,0.00018101167,0.00037801015,0.00014272996,0.49810416,0.008694047,0.28729853,0.014584821,0.18294725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013500669,0.00016392891,0.0011252684,0.0009470113,0.00014085366,0.0005836112,0.00008574035,0.6328836,0.0062372256,0.09410202,0.26361483,0.000102354934],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026133275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014522715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003125333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010508052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010506244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01045531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400581642","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01385","title":"High-Efficiency Photothermal Water Evaporation under Low-Intensity Sunlight Using Wood Biochar Monolith","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Monolith; Evaporation; Photothermal therapy; Chemistry; Sunlight; Adsorption; Light intensity; Intensity (physics); Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Materials science; Pyrolysis; Nanotechnology; Catalysis; Optics","score_opus":0.029684612974488496,"score_gpt":0.28520509472941635,"score_spread":0.25552048175492786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400581642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9748682,0.0015215623,0.018610474,0.00010630157,0.0000554769,0.000027749627,0.00022496252,0.0004902297,0.0040951045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99289966,0.00045979163,0.004747208,0.000030040595,0.000007379225,0.000014723635,0.00007227769,0.00003459805,0.0017343306],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992037,0.000005560987,0.000003215532,0.000026446372,0.00002310247,0.000021287255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996555,0.000008971196,0.000008806247,0.0000045403276,0.000006056123,0.0000060370476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011128861,0.00030941732,0.00015251101,0.00016407935,0.00011404689,0.00021840837,0.00024941342,0.0002496787,0.00069645065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010706751,0.00016532977,0.00014868741,0.00016440164,0.00016913604,0.0004076481,0.00021419184,0.00038254712,0.00027560108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011411377,0.000010734472,0.000048752772,0.000038908085,0.0000024402088,0.00002910456,0.000011696739,0.00019493914,0.99784017,0.00014770863,0.00007460316,0.0015894613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003192773,0.000028710523,0.0003705487,0.0000021872675,0.0000029176208,0.000027658183,0.000011429496,0.002023412,0.9965959,0.000023535715,0.0009057658,0.0000047022745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045675697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015074235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00069645065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018966134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000097423814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002329886},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400889598","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-50279-z","title":"Thermo-adaptive interfacial solar evaporation enhanced by dynamic water gating","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Evaporation; Latent heat; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.021977515013959746,"score_gpt":0.3362241720007343,"score_spread":0.31424665698677456,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400889598","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892898,0.0003136496,0.0089986,0.000042343665,0.000014103286,0.000010532073,0.00006799126,0.00015068703,0.0011122156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970188,0.00010777474,0.002150254,0.000013880958,0.000002965653,0.000009197609,0.00003123996,0.000017147106,0.00064887665],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994767,0.000005195687,0.0000032291969,0.000014149132,0.000014752432,0.000014944134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999944,0.000015358637,0.000014754854,0.0000076606475,0.00001136246,0.000006919109],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006641957,0.00018499489,0.00016851161,0.00008673919,0.00008772482,0.00019726476,0.00019691447,0.00015239153,0.00074498926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013122048,0.00013366884,0.0001195963,0.00010573524,0.00016506041,0.0003038125,0.000282069,0.0002261623,0.00018631689],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013739432,0.0000067932206,0.00007641003,0.000020371685,0.0000020519785,0.000019748437,0.000007155473,0.00017377292,0.99827194,0.00006634138,0.000037936294,0.0013038656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004072975,0.000025703332,0.000453004,0.0000015668311,0.0000024719534,0.000025399446,0.0000060385205,0.003130053,0.99566615,0.00001970104,0.00066244387,0.0000033796107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020190678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040679058,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00074498926,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001187086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000084536834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002492249},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401100912","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109923","title":"Reduction of sugarcane stillage generation through Heat-Integrated Distillation and Evaporation (HIDiE)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Optech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Stillage; Distillation; Reduction (mathematics); Evaporation; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Waste management; Chemistry; Food science; Mathematics; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Physics","score_opus":0.030231904494797533,"score_gpt":0.2905498438033597,"score_spread":0.2603179393085622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401100912","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9850234,0.0018486939,0.008535672,0.00007820792,0.000040139148,0.000039720195,0.0002131084,0.00017613103,0.00404493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909966,0.000949277,0.004182108,0.000035117042,0.0000041957524,0.000017410408,0.0001759107,0.000020669615,0.0036185863],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999291,0.0000042036386,0.0000025415009,0.000012922621,0.000026377058,0.000024921597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999795,0.000002647755,0.0000033031731,0.0000026820744,0.000008214061,0.0000036224428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008691994,0.00031127097,0.00020185999,0.00018793876,0.00018909345,0.0002764569,0.00019168883,0.00016956298,0.0010741778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007072561,0.000083962244,0.00023042278,0.00027064607,0.00010654453,0.00034387945,0.00020463369,0.0004877041,0.00016658795],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011141306,0.00005604247,0.00038865994,0.00014796123,0.000021209238,0.00006383877,0.00003818165,0.0006015752,0.98158777,0.0003759879,0.00016559592,0.01644179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051694287,0.00006671099,0.0016544926,0.0000031413763,0.0000173659,0.000018071116,0.00001972278,0.0013434795,0.99461704,0.000031456046,0.0022191622,0.000004151848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0027885546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007869369,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0027885546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025422353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003300772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005544603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401198156","doi":"10.1016/j.est.2024.113132","title":"Integrating insulated concrete form (ICF) with solar-driven reverse osmosis desalination for building integrated energy storage in cold climates","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Energy Storage","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Solar desalination; Geothermal desalination; Solar energy; Environmental science; Engineering; Architectural engineering; Civil engineering; Passive solar building design; Electrical engineering; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.02212072559184478,"score_gpt":0.286000217650562,"score_spread":0.2638794920587172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401198156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96538603,0.0005740312,0.027141351,0.000082130406,0.00014359728,0.00005710745,0.00027976488,0.00054119295,0.0057948236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894287,0.00012188913,0.008458673,0.000014312165,0.0000047448334,0.000010288776,0.00007178776,0.000023409944,0.0018663316],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998685,0.000007072721,0.000007812573,0.000027775299,0.00006305134,0.000025742369],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999076,0.0000075875596,0.00001727648,0.000014323661,0.0000416301,0.000011564065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011807526,0.00030210003,0.00022824887,0.0002820755,0.0002025421,0.00034060903,0.00043113172,0.00032812098,0.0012528135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019758854,0.00011042654,0.0003201023,0.00028469783,0.00019967201,0.00048661037,0.0002544823,0.00030487683,0.00035716346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021444686,0.000094227886,0.0019633786,0.00016297119,0.000015420233,0.00017757867,0.00007394043,0.007610578,0.9460627,0.001044333,0.00048170978,0.04209877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020552232,0.0003150492,0.0033589338,0.000019107742,0.00003450274,0.00015810107,0.000077677534,0.021558933,0.96630347,0.0001564603,0.007973059,0.000024170557],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020384302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0072118086,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020384302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034466782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038398264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004191041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401386375","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124118","title":"A performance neural network model for conventional solar stills via transfer learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University; King Abdulaziz University; Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research; DAISY Foundation; University of Northern British Columbia; Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Lab, Prince Sultan University; Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Transfer of learning; Distillation; Solar still; Generalization; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Hyperparameter; Computer science; Desalination; Mathematics","score_opus":0.024142630891142866,"score_gpt":0.25920315693267426,"score_spread":0.23506052604153138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401386375","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04252602,0.0003926251,0.9468794,0.0003467202,0.00009376433,0.00005633621,0.00021998558,0.0007116123,0.008773582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92453295,0.0002477961,0.05249979,0.00010066286,0.00004832667,0.00013503052,0.00027908487,0.00009979047,0.022056742],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999076,0.000013559739,0.0000041914313,0.00003444841,0.000025731006,0.000014497162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998276,0.0000730774,0.000013461521,0.000015117898,0.00006222355,0.000008448567],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034205953,0.00044786965,0.00042493077,0.00017873239,0.00031498252,0.00048373998,0.0011218789,0.001099826,0.0036422368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008291091,0.00026112708,0.00035375412,0.00033586845,0.00038361383,0.0011495616,0.00047232266,0.0010235533,0.0007040929],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029177616,0.000023164508,0.00016745816,0.000029229976,0.000009595751,0.000018655803,0.000014045443,0.9732472,0.0015375847,0.0029548963,0.000660276,0.021308834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.225122e-7,0.0000037461934,0.000029213652,8.9759305e-7,0.0000011489711,0.0000013325209,7.0957867e-7,0.9993067,0.00014472146,0.00042058955,0.0000890602,9.929832e-7],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018295055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015960889,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018295055,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009026827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008226106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036377132},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401733778","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03018","title":"Dual Plasmons with Bioinspired 3D Network Structure Enabling Ultrahigh Efficient Solar Steam Generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Plasmon; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Dual (grammatical number); Optoelectronics; Engineering physics; Physics","score_opus":0.015956724272434362,"score_gpt":0.239646139554123,"score_spread":0.22368941528168865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401733778","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95546997,0.0009720089,0.03257832,0.00025993944,0.00013004393,0.000043892356,0.00022304263,0.00081580237,0.009506825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9722921,0.00035882974,0.023504447,0.00007624696,0.00001146166,0.000055038166,0.00012376173,0.000038517745,0.0035395997],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995387,0.0000041352046,0.0000020622729,0.000014796753,0.000014972244,0.000010135008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996984,0.0000038241797,0.000009211269,0.0000037688033,0.0000052075698,0.000008140941],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005188073,0.0002717338,0.00011202549,0.0001738169,0.00015569586,0.00028082074,0.0002783251,0.00034317648,0.0008759004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000076178425,0.0002167064,0.0001820433,0.00009285026,0.00015535271,0.0002386525,0.0003103355,0.00026214033,0.00028847717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002473982,0.00003726994,0.000098935976,0.00007068923,0.0000070900446,0.00006285294,0.000024027646,0.0014398993,0.9934861,0.0010120411,0.00037819002,0.0033581257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027423539,0.00014852252,0.0009517418,0.000009280568,0.000015205513,0.00015934322,0.000028773187,0.033927947,0.95663,0.00033147188,0.0077497885,0.000020640819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041541358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00122708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008759004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032738855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012022128,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029301643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401822460","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202401307","title":"Floating Photothermal Hydrogen Production","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ChemSusChem","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Hydrogen production; Materials science; Hydrogen; Nanotechnology; Solar energy; Photothermal effect; Energy carrier; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.09854196613038749,"score_gpt":0.380131443633598,"score_spread":0.2815894775032105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401822460","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.003912296,0.9826933,0.0022883366,0.00025026457,0.0003870315,0.000021811722,0.00009269986,0.00005084239,0.010303432],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02655531,0.96385914,0.0015516557,0.00023924431,0.00017656875,0.000037807476,0.00014099956,0.000011068359,0.007428093],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999198,0.0000062955996,0.000004443351,0.00002015082,0.00003502274,0.0000143516745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997497,0.000007469154,0.000005681967,0.0000018325624,0.00000719999,0.0000028621123],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015060863,0.00061923196,0.00045242452,0.001061894,0.00020218224,0.0004985582,0.00048115666,0.0006177877,0.002519891],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013370186,0.0002928444,0.00034772683,0.00090700586,0.0001863837,0.0008417631,0.00046728508,0.00079414557,0.0012994627],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007897025,0.00015616127,0.000170853,0.024291808,0.000103808205,0.00041380414,0.00008774075,0.0017112346,0.07205315,0.018146193,0.028720243,0.8540661],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000130506305,0.00016453714,0.0007576699,0.0011555295,0.00006356807,0.00096441264,0.00004899864,0.0010331374,0.04609455,0.0023598354,0.9473152,0.000029511872],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006282545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010331956,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002519891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039702552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028146594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0084299445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402016824","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118061","title":"Remediation of seawater polluted by oil spills via integrating porous materials with phase-change materials","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Environmental remediation; Oil spill; Seawater; Environmental science; Porosity; Phase change; Waste management; Phase (matter); Porous medium; Environmental engineering; Environmental chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Contamination; Geology; Chemistry; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Oceanography; Engineering physics","score_opus":0.028416587027239818,"score_gpt":0.3101349406516543,"score_spread":0.2817183536244145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402016824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908199,0.0005988882,0.0064947978,0.000077843346,0.000046807378,0.00002085948,0.000062755615,0.00013104365,0.0017472686],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952166,0.00042366676,0.0027739087,0.00002430264,0.000006854666,0.000008427613,0.00003651273,0.000009765756,0.0014999071],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992657,0.0000063777743,0.0000046123337,0.000013124412,0.000028920736,0.000020335825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999678,0.000004534059,0.000010595453,0.000003084982,0.000009428366,0.000004566989],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008860438,0.00026384965,0.0001701183,0.00021398994,0.00012221374,0.00025490846,0.00015939616,0.00027983054,0.0005166334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014109699,0.0001083089,0.00024766108,0.0001301313,0.00014177428,0.00031134338,0.00024044563,0.00024471065,0.0001383171],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050071783,0.00002546411,0.00019414363,0.000054920136,0.0000063637694,0.000046446603,0.000016995966,0.00026552464,0.99363834,0.00015311461,0.000051602536,0.0054968977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004419711,0.00009489602,0.000489286,0.0000026011444,0.000008041346,0.000036652695,0.000018754601,0.0014014336,0.99684554,0.000031766158,0.0010631521,0.0000034264451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053721236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015150482,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00053721236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013834125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018325908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017282963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402136786","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202412870","title":"All‐in‐One Hybrid Solar‐Driven Interfacial Evaporators for Cogeneration of Clean Water and Electricity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cogeneration; Materials science; Electricity; Waste management; Clean water; Process engineering; Electricity generation; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Power (physics); Electrical engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.04648813641646055,"score_gpt":0.30094162270614405,"score_spread":0.2544534862896835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402136786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44039994,0.40148643,0.10072726,0.001344374,0.0017935211,0.00021617537,0.00070620753,0.0008801905,0.052445773],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8506221,0.10860826,0.022936447,0.000390928,0.00024384291,0.00014361058,0.00031874375,0.00009897423,0.016637133],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987817,0.000012617139,0.000008976889,0.000029040333,0.000046354835,0.000024847854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999541,0.000016287193,0.0000112231855,0.0000041393882,0.0000097425145,0.000004539418],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001546831,0.0004082789,0.00046391776,0.00038863867,0.00016428834,0.00046336136,0.00044718367,0.0005125773,0.0025981462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013742736,0.00026896733,0.0004135904,0.0004171324,0.00017109305,0.0009290171,0.00051268266,0.0007044503,0.00069980486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015436736,0.0001709524,0.00041832586,0.008922731,0.0001611426,0.0005265764,0.0001246461,0.003175119,0.82723975,0.013538383,0.0039688586,0.14159925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002717623,0.00042212146,0.0009988218,0.00025899053,0.00012095471,0.00070907193,0.00011803014,0.009865542,0.83714765,0.0018263598,0.14844836,0.000056932728],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013140541,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004412866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025981462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019238262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014758071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008691609},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402509795","doi":"10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100776","title":"Passive solar evaporation and emissions reduction of process-affected and produced water using buoyant photothermal beads","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination and Water Treatment","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; D2L (Canada)","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Evaporation; Photothermal therapy; Environmental science; Reduction (mathematics); Environmental engineering; Passive solar building design; Process (computing); Materials science; Waste management; Thermal; Meteorology; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.028998280652464632,"score_gpt":0.3163982592188067,"score_spread":0.2873999785663421,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402509795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97259897,0.00346339,0.01786658,0.00022801047,0.000096729476,0.00006667536,0.0006477972,0.0003926562,0.004639237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98917866,0.0012271451,0.0064304457,0.000080323676,0.000011348706,0.00006126353,0.0002348173,0.00003679945,0.0027392474],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998153,0.000015455127,0.0000107823,0.0000336128,0.00008203136,0.00004288888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992406,0.000019311636,0.00002488822,0.0000067412875,0.000017993472,0.000006948245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021684138,0.0004374299,0.0002973849,0.00031316528,0.00013200409,0.0003933046,0.00024071493,0.00042109293,0.0015854231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021605735,0.00020846348,0.00049470604,0.00032313197,0.00017347994,0.00046562406,0.0003185518,0.000626068,0.00039139032],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012267026,0.0000349822,0.00033787175,0.00028981178,0.000013727737,0.00007522864,0.000025035151,0.00097571476,0.9868601,0.0001976403,0.00035060738,0.010716571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008539972,0.00015659962,0.0010083566,0.0000075927396,0.000015821535,0.000031505748,0.00001784203,0.002507486,0.9945075,0.00003876556,0.0016920898,0.0000078774065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005241365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013481786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015854231,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024634556,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014408884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0053038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402640583","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.4c02045","title":"Unifying Efficiency Metrics for Solar Evaporation and Thermal Desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Energy Letters","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Chevron; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Desalination; Evaporation; Environmental science; Thermal; Solar desalination; Process engineering; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Engineering physics; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.02836930115234878,"score_gpt":0.2875182176149416,"score_spread":0.25914891646259286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402640583","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.25335026,0.0064154007,0.6970411,0.0010344762,0.00025075927,0.00035526798,0.0013856057,0.0020124859,0.038154665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90693134,0.001668965,0.08740672,0.00009831387,0.000053046522,0.00024085878,0.0009722563,0.00030820016,0.0023202905],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979048,0.00043671473,0.00016266042,0.00026776872,0.0010602118,0.0001679716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996673,0.0013868193,0.00044960272,0.00063268456,0.0007735843,0.00008427153],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0040267617,0.0009946779,0.00085112633,0.0041840533,0.000545062,0.0022237592,0.0010018607,0.00075064227,0.0016083531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0083254175,0.00025531126,0.0009504175,0.0029929657,0.0010912535,0.0038539956,0.0017119421,0.0011125348,0.00059791864],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045355904,0.00041248446,0.042589884,0.0014805916,0.00025353752,0.00022488223,0.0006515299,0.23315035,0.11234776,0.20082247,0.0059779105,0.40163493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004101149,0.0010857403,0.041930657,0.00031788147,0.00015786696,0.00037862893,0.0008525889,0.5265147,0.27323934,0.111886255,0.0433496,0.00024572283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015799076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016736002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0041840533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013776146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00081156736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021295786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402829982","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.156166","title":"When cellulose nanocrystals meet graphene oxide: Structurally enhanced aerogels for efficient solar steam generation and water purification","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"FPInnovations; University of British Columbia","funders":"British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Graphene; Cellulose; Oxide; Nanocrystal; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.01475747844412304,"score_gpt":0.24115622596277528,"score_spread":0.22639874751865224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402829982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98132735,0.0018522165,0.010430375,0.00016378859,0.00009402924,0.000068342706,0.00053906254,0.00020117848,0.005323665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889114,0.0008251957,0.0071506533,0.00006353324,0.00000988607,0.000035350615,0.0003467454,0.00004151931,0.002615731],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998859,0.000006357124,0.000008120734,0.000028333769,0.000044671793,0.000026556816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994195,0.000008747691,0.00001698874,0.0000060659568,0.000013842698,0.000012315884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011428258,0.00030468707,0.00015842232,0.00015073518,0.000103353625,0.00025525672,0.00016370227,0.00038514184,0.0007081389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016104057,0.0001330965,0.0002657682,0.0001377694,0.00010576045,0.0002609812,0.0001335757,0.00031376237,0.00023381859],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001623034,0.0000069451444,0.00006206158,0.00004203656,0.0000044356607,0.000036964986,0.000008516862,0.00014078585,0.9983652,0.00008107158,0.000063750376,0.0011719747],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000040543882,0.0000354931,0.00047325622,0.0000026110129,0.000005146592,0.000029202678,0.0000057116854,0.00089582894,0.99710864,0.000016451762,0.0014193701,0.000004277128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014143209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00390738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014143209,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034197036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020842135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028121471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402899178","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100731","title":"Water desalination using waste heat recovery of thermal power plant in tropical climate; optimization by AI","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management X","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Desalination; Low-temperature thermal desalination; Waste heat; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Heat exchanger; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.011596935898537457,"score_gpt":0.2437565957152931,"score_spread":0.23215965981675563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402899178","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78381145,0.0011701497,0.19556993,0.0002313088,0.0000383269,0.00013433679,0.00016362098,0.00027889156,0.018602034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9825127,0.00028853232,0.015151781,0.000012922983,0.00000421063,0.000041065396,0.000039024773,0.000012941112,0.0019367909],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992454,0.00002247324,0.0000032728806,0.00001269669,0.000021756483,0.000015310517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999567,0.000018960816,0.000010117857,0.000003126323,0.00000779184,0.0000032771209],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019906466,0.0004384433,0.00044115222,0.00036004148,0.00021671075,0.0004563509,0.00029751225,0.00029689056,0.0011646809],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022461479,0.00020698951,0.00041569961,0.00044597685,0.00022811636,0.00032506188,0.00025343723,0.00020857324,0.00010474155],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089090354,0.000075856646,0.0011887599,0.00017378105,0.000032326046,0.0000996879,0.00002451352,0.9620856,0.011841163,0.0009486541,0.00026096235,0.023179615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000016673663,0.00012337654,0.00088959665,0.0000046755417,0.000014729801,0.00002777125,0.000036247562,0.9930901,0.0046258303,0.00037285453,0.0007929191,0.000005307621],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051721605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008037239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051721605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047096916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005091422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010284126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403117652","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103049","title":"Innovations and ongoing advancements of the wick type solar still: A review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Results in Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Solar still; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.053617381811036056,"score_gpt":0.3593259129295317,"score_spread":0.30570853111849566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403117652","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00043811498,0.9975048,0.00018083553,0.0003118961,0.00021801221,0.0000069272437,0.000026357915,0.0000060600833,0.001307004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0015551153,0.99738234,0.00026706912,0.00021478669,0.00016078804,0.000006897285,0.000033429915,0.0000022202148,0.0003773744],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995528,0.00006744117,0.0000994478,0.00009692053,0.00014402042,0.000039264327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987637,0.0006965604,0.00019045008,0.00003067079,0.00025694864,0.0000616193],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00091834326,0.00074346154,0.0009861704,0.0037129545,0.00041813788,0.0016386167,0.0008015862,0.0009325582,0.0037705991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019321964,0.00036130837,0.0009890873,0.00380534,0.00055300526,0.0022687442,0.0006216588,0.0010792058,0.0009898961],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000088876666,0.00014037953,0.0009337038,0.08171683,0.0001502635,0.00044915406,0.00042455355,0.0004198245,0.0028473388,0.0062744054,0.021666322,0.88488835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007762495,0.00015735265,0.0016972936,0.0124558555,0.0002733265,0.0017242004,0.0003766799,0.00013485464,0.0012043846,0.001567836,0.9803703,0.000030159345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012709693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020957391,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037705991,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056196545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001989422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012613893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403184438","doi":"10.1002/cphc.202400806","title":"Turning Trash to Treasure: The Influence of Carbon Waste Source on the Photothermal Behaviour of Plasmonic Titanium Carbide Interfaces","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ChemPhysChem","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Research Nova Scotia; Ocean Frontier Institute; Killam Trusts","keywords":"Char; Materials science; Pyrolytic carbon; Titanium carbide; Pyrolysis; Natural rubber; Chemical engineering; Tube furnace; Titanium; Carbide; Composite material; Nanotechnology; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.020538036170865952,"score_gpt":0.2659884405485739,"score_spread":0.24545040437770796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403184438","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99474996,0.0005202199,0.0020826217,0.000083612926,0.0000393497,0.000008274097,0.00008184719,0.000102442544,0.0023315696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983462,0.00013787887,0.00068993925,0.000027835182,0.0000033820374,0.0000061260066,0.000033486354,0.000017273847,0.0007378759],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998634,0.000011808213,0.000006288159,0.00003357219,0.000045145694,0.000039773364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980944,0.00008399854,0.00003276418,0.000014532849,0.000044495162,0.000014863034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018126819,0.00025595614,0.0001300596,0.00014128089,0.00015830499,0.00038822374,0.00025229566,0.00026083793,0.0014796385],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003374638,0.00010999923,0.00014695134,0.0001296788,0.00023214037,0.00023952057,0.00015187915,0.00033435508,0.00027222442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007834312,0.000014049282,0.00008314233,0.000053914166,0.0000043383493,0.00003899331,0.00003910712,0.00019509226,0.9978205,0.000090779475,0.00012290664,0.0014588699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026508415,0.00006274201,0.00046333612,0.0000033837653,0.0000036552597,0.00001812603,0.000037455105,0.0018325518,0.99718875,0.000017941155,0.000364834,0.000004604067],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007936728,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001130059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014796385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022808352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010087287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049498677},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403235207","doi":"10.1002/advs.202407771","title":"Bismuth‐Tin Core–Shell Particles From Liquid Metals: A Novel, Highly Efficient Photothermal Material that Combines Broadband Light Absorption with Effective Light‐to‐Heat Conversion","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Materials science; Absorption (acoustics); Bismuth; Tin; Liquid metal; Optoelectronics; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Photothermal effect; Tin oxide; Composite material; Doping; Metallurgy","score_opus":0.01693430972241981,"score_gpt":0.27504696399712164,"score_spread":0.2581126542747018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403235207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9438177,0.0018237192,0.04356473,0.0001585523,0.00007532724,0.00007929108,0.00013918208,0.0005117272,0.009829774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9760342,0.00039560604,0.019830074,0.00004355015,0.000011044078,0.000030026242,0.000088040026,0.0000494249,0.0035179893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999418,0.0000055837245,0.000003505831,0.000014146662,0.000026685651,0.000008323542],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997437,0.000004137941,0.000008061771,0.0000024525702,0.000004782795,0.000006110618],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008741851,0.00024391586,0.000119059565,0.00018912465,0.00013560856,0.00030456626,0.00026371586,0.0002746434,0.00045920018],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006676158,0.00014713699,0.00011490083,0.00008922239,0.00017540221,0.00026603945,0.00020047417,0.00021680314,0.00023906583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001862293,0.0000115849625,0.000054182354,0.00003504817,0.00000274485,0.000026991518,0.000009421841,0.000109242384,0.9965843,0.000277014,0.000051187253,0.0028196962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041221774,0.000054411168,0.0002184842,0.0000018840586,0.0000047506196,0.00007010232,0.0000035039361,0.0016018456,0.9958877,0.000022466256,0.0021282334,0.0000025564666],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002855724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00077509444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00045920018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023845621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011432073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0017302036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403479960","doi":"10.1039/d4se01132e","title":"The role of ions in hydrovoltaic power generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ion; Power (physics); Chemistry; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008823503714736211,"score_gpt":0.25530005183806037,"score_spread":0.24647654812332415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403479960","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3659928,0.3782684,0.04817345,0.018068355,0.0043715136,0.00008906451,0.0004890811,0.0004159936,0.18413131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.912098,0.06654319,0.0032226262,0.0006541208,0.00043743552,0.000021753389,0.00006471752,0.0000420537,0.01691609],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998393,0.000027834787,0.00000875665,0.00004186338,0.000046525933,0.000035840105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985826,0.000055720793,0.00002299158,0.000008405765,0.000032955348,0.000021637063],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002852823,0.00036089114,0.0003180429,0.00050639256,0.0006837643,0.0020030083,0.00084959617,0.0011321526,0.0026694261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039594172,0.0001907293,0.00021871743,0.00027048407,0.0012432608,0.0020129604,0.001023211,0.00059522263,0.00082390924],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011405008,0.00021259933,0.0028348549,0.0024883721,0.00008260531,0.0019856135,0.0006415127,0.011581577,0.35005558,0.4927596,0.011392965,0.12482419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015603159,0.0010438567,0.0026260358,0.00057048874,0.00008575626,0.0020765848,0.00126069,0.03063677,0.30840406,0.33239543,0.32058573,0.00015847756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007732935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055752735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026694261,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00064283004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046484603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008930087},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403524359","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2024.118192","title":"Advances in carbon-based materials for solar-driven steam generation, desalination and water treatment","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Desalination; Waste management; Water treatment; Environmental science; Engineering; Water desalination; Environmental engineering; Process engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.03307133926136784,"score_gpt":0.32289915827466925,"score_spread":0.2898278190133014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403524359","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16824049,0.6602295,0.07900495,0.003891351,0.0028054437,0.00014181506,0.0006358172,0.0005553465,0.08449526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5993104,0.31957918,0.058273755,0.0008988544,0.001088224,0.00012724915,0.0006637352,0.00015607565,0.019902572],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998215,0.000017255266,0.000010365523,0.000035613364,0.000095449475,0.000019862677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984324,0.000049368817,0.000022969736,0.000013836013,0.000054932952,0.000015636953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040141217,0.000511596,0.00026585715,0.00061361166,0.00020376417,0.0006732011,0.00045907326,0.0006864926,0.0026013167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037570336,0.00020474746,0.0003116588,0.0006305808,0.00028423517,0.0012612819,0.0004001216,0.0010718401,0.0009295833],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014106999,0.00021839641,0.00038465107,0.0044004316,0.000056744146,0.00020087142,0.000097832504,0.0019133709,0.7670078,0.032118607,0.0051553375,0.18830478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021854776,0.00036767873,0.0012326741,0.00025859973,0.00005054593,0.00046341302,0.00007037022,0.009405119,0.7325732,0.005592854,0.24992079,0.000042875927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003845543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013937743,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026013167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004908943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035581226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008702278},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403600202","doi":"10.1016/j.isci.2024.111225","title":"Refractory plasmonic material based floating solar still for simultaneous desalination and electricity generation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"iScience","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Research Nova Scotia; Killam Trusts; Ocean Frontier Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Electricity; Refractory (planetary science); Nanotechnology; Desalination; Plasmon; Solar desalination; Engineering physics; Materials science; Environmental science; Engineering; Process engineering; Chemistry; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.03370722121183193,"score_gpt":0.3080434881899726,"score_spread":0.2743362669781407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403600202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96010375,0.0011441908,0.026400352,0.00024092017,0.00011205282,0.00006494119,0.00035899362,0.0006693159,0.010905608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98085827,0.00047391746,0.0116597805,0.00007190085,0.000012698859,0.000028346456,0.00016794103,0.00005128858,0.006675817],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999156,0.000003223401,0.000003005486,0.000025957914,0.000036409256,0.000015832731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999584,0.000007826051,0.000008225977,0.0000062919353,0.000011908791,0.000007370034],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006674675,0.0003169248,0.0001701621,0.00017268647,0.00015591514,0.0003024842,0.00036249883,0.0003469867,0.0016363434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000994494,0.00013199779,0.00021361324,0.00013849488,0.00020437027,0.0003715524,0.00026331688,0.00033132505,0.0003913137],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014513645,0.00000766546,0.000035150246,0.000036936486,0.0000029841774,0.000031817992,0.00001142295,0.00042281227,0.996445,0.00010272981,0.00018892382,0.0026999793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000855921,0.000088351575,0.00039995782,0.0000030457538,0.000008066648,0.000061279185,0.000020766563,0.005335602,0.9914453,0.00003574104,0.002586306,0.0000070734764],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015299189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045903674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016363434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042433472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020291633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00547415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403711779","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.157095","title":"An orientational graphene/bamboo evaporator for efficient solar-powered steam generation and desalination","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Bamboo; Desalination; Evaporator; Graphene; Water desalination; Materials science; Process engineering; Solar desalination; Waste management; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering; Composite material; Membrane","score_opus":0.020987440945770947,"score_gpt":0.2910060847715272,"score_spread":0.27001864382575624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403711779","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848328,0.0014455402,0.008011231,0.00022696679,0.00014891774,0.000032118485,0.00028324293,0.0002659464,0.0047532083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905934,0.0005963124,0.005594762,0.00007106656,0.000021878135,0.000019405632,0.00013268982,0.000022066117,0.0029484392],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99996364,0.0000029860907,0.000001494753,0.0000073802994,0.000014130102,0.000010271635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997675,0.000004325375,0.0000047218905,0.000003259352,0.000004354313,0.00000647536],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004966559,0.00022701306,0.00014699003,0.00013997348,0.000204977,0.00016150992,0.0002540413,0.0002654089,0.00090461574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006330473,0.00012261634,0.00013760162,0.00013373041,0.00010467866,0.00024775084,0.00018026298,0.0003693584,0.00034936148],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004023508,0.000019933277,0.00007934429,0.00007570739,0.00000521042,0.00005070625,0.000010663106,0.00017372698,0.99648356,0.00016366165,0.00020178164,0.0026954594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011982719,0.000102436024,0.0008232485,0.0000049026194,0.0000116252195,0.000053859152,0.000017003777,0.002600522,0.99327797,0.000053548578,0.003033673,0.000009177783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041013988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020485218,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00090461574,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012998174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014753175,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003026247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403745986","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4997643","title":"Recycling Corncob to Generate Porous Carbon for Solar Thermal Evaporation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Corncob; Evaporation; Environmental science; Porosity; Thermal; Carbon fibers; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Chemistry; Composite material; Thermodynamics; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.028465647165503812,"score_gpt":0.3124604205936962,"score_spread":0.2839947734281924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403745986","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9501422,0.0020115438,0.02714628,0.00023485112,0.00019488322,0.00014428508,0.0006559182,0.00039888851,0.019070959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98362684,0.0007650888,0.0065443194,0.000046225847,0.000009127088,0.000034375367,0.00029058664,0.00010109256,0.008582319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998683,0.0000052697205,0.000005282567,0.00003123325,0.000060413528,0.00002954787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99993646,0.000015046301,0.000008510885,0.000014556862,0.000016742946,0.000008740346],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017282533,0.0003226084,0.00021232259,0.0005464517,0.0002957168,0.00040143912,0.00023444855,0.0003807725,0.0034947312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027437907,0.00017202777,0.00031185913,0.00046474987,0.00024160984,0.000550407,0.0003154234,0.0007731819,0.00071171485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015523272,0.00008918329,0.00037201052,0.00024386994,0.000026274509,0.00011779293,0.000045491634,0.001506486,0.97436756,0.0021136568,0.00057308166,0.020389443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009739561,0.000043208838,0.00055157806,0.000008816843,0.000007650424,0.000045168872,0.000013637315,0.0016882987,0.9949999,0.00018601632,0.0024403476,0.000005772734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021286944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0038355647,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0034947312,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040940352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034124264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011691093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404523769","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.157824","title":"Bio-inspired magnetically induced self-assembling Janus solar evaporator with antifouling and antiscaling properties","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Janus; Biofouling; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Chemistry; Membrane","score_opus":0.01726261275200097,"score_gpt":0.23019881945733248,"score_spread":0.2129362067053315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404523769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836459,0.0012371538,0.012608863,0.000095025774,0.000059760325,0.000039025996,0.00012796436,0.0003029894,0.0018831951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9863301,0.0003907679,0.011136562,0.000052067815,0.000015690859,0.000027372653,0.000095649164,0.000037553895,0.0019144817],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992204,0.000008244589,0.000005927005,0.000019855906,0.000024837618,0.000019102341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990165,0.000015130875,0.00003413182,0.000010490451,0.000019936902,0.000018735096],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009653115,0.0002501052,0.00024574946,0.00015039493,0.00014482951,0.00022014641,0.00019009423,0.00035384248,0.0004889314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001170944,0.000175765,0.00020962571,0.000087428605,0.0001759612,0.00021121529,0.00017753916,0.0002520908,0.00023015185],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011651531,0.0000052328687,0.000032543485,0.000031549447,0.0000021279304,0.00002456898,0.000008517429,0.000096465476,0.99898034,0.000038668026,0.000027071692,0.0007411647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000047984454,0.00005243139,0.0005448181,0.0000016150774,0.0000055705427,0.000054305652,0.0000064846236,0.0016464492,0.99671775,0.00001226301,0.0009478696,0.0000057388484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001523366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00043984942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004889314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000130443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007949391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016356707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404733985","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.157948","title":"Biomass-based photothermal fabrics and superhydrophobic aerogel for self-floating solar evaporators with high energy efficiency in fresh water production from seawater","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Seawater; Biomass (ecology); Aerogel; Photothermal therapy; Solar energy; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Nanotechnology; Engineering; Ecology","score_opus":0.007352745214821625,"score_gpt":0.21187380384600393,"score_spread":0.2045210586311823,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404733985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98712045,0.0012000343,0.008958041,0.000085322616,0.00004303728,0.00002029011,0.00012461007,0.00019052117,0.0022575874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935315,0.00050651474,0.0044121062,0.000027636454,0.000008783612,0.000018571374,0.00006239504,0.000027055277,0.0014054794],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993503,0.0000046243345,0.0000047673066,0.000014131543,0.00002390565,0.000017456417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999436,0.000008220828,0.000019601172,0.0000068785985,0.000011741399,0.000010071312],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008776197,0.00032861088,0.00015181312,0.00021987097,0.000117718875,0.00015963586,0.00017230274,0.00022977493,0.0007568611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000094055446,0.00019574094,0.0003332988,0.00013462307,0.00012241038,0.00028006008,0.0002459255,0.00033669238,0.00026117364],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008167869,0.0000068170293,0.000049965027,0.000041314284,0.0000033312288,0.00004869057,0.000012700616,0.00018566295,0.99842864,0.00007558155,0.000031418924,0.0011076919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005436718,0.00007142619,0.0007938019,0.0000043639952,0.000008994785,0.000086621665,0.000017501035,0.0019904089,0.9959176,0.000035112585,0.0010602431,0.000008426128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036086893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011530255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007568611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000157727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094952375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0025319457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404991963","doi":"10.1021/acsestwater.4c00882","title":"Photothermal Carbon Black Nanoparticle Coating Increases Scaling Resistance in Solar Membrane Distillation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS ES&T Water","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program; Division of Engineering Education and Centers; Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research; Science and Technology Development Fund; US-Egypt Joint Board on Scientific and Technological Cooperation","keywords":"Coating; Nanoparticle; Carbon black; Materials science; Photothermal therapy; Scaling; Carbon Nanoparticles; Distillation; Carbon fibers; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Chromatography","score_opus":0.018647683902138123,"score_gpt":0.26885023594920304,"score_spread":0.25020255204706493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404991963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953246,0.0005163855,0.0022957644,0.000066812914,0.00002842681,0.000014542745,0.00008856652,0.00016220025,0.0015026593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99610823,0.00035042476,0.0020770566,0.00003209179,0.000005387235,0.000020220128,0.000056149132,0.000035031033,0.0013153787],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998996,0.000008886342,0.000006759128,0.00002902811,0.000034075194,0.000021545584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988985,0.000036800622,0.000026894422,0.000013252128,0.000021540482,0.0000115640805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013034428,0.00023532555,0.00019248264,0.00015224497,0.00013713152,0.00023004983,0.00018167759,0.00041397402,0.0012483067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028244065,0.00019926575,0.00025644296,0.000113969916,0.00015277023,0.00037963546,0.00018047418,0.0004107025,0.0002395619],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028499157,0.000009711582,0.000050740262,0.000032272656,0.0000024308056,0.000020998514,0.0000118885355,0.00010783816,0.9986841,0.00004665611,0.000046877954,0.0009579962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019300878,0.000035972007,0.00043325467,0.000001998265,0.0000028746597,0.0000108773,0.00000481493,0.0007946256,0.99836355,0.000008823302,0.0003392545,0.00000215816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052762823,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012034515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012483067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026462838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000996153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004175961},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405695403","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2024.158880","title":"High-performance biomass moisture-electric generators derived from Distillers’ spent grains: Synthesis, photothermal enhancement, and environmental sensing applications","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Biomass (ecology); Moisture; Performance enhancement; Materials science; Photothermal therapy; Environmental science; Waste management; Process engineering; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Agronomy; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.007403847583096062,"score_gpt":0.20549795913655242,"score_spread":0.19809411155345635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405695403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834874,0.0012480764,0.011504548,0.00013318045,0.000053073578,0.000027147325,0.000212906,0.00013770453,0.0031960325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937313,0.000271851,0.0041325577,0.000019428619,0.0000070518554,0.0000074875215,0.00015437206,0.000017515273,0.0016582938],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999659,0.0000030176684,0.0000016689258,0.000009413982,0.000010869872,0.000009170518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999771,0.0000050772455,0.0000047706226,0.0000017612462,0.0000059332415,0.0000053413614],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007167261,0.00024800253,0.00012566613,0.00019548075,0.000109826186,0.00023421197,0.00018804039,0.00018881581,0.0009241064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000962453,0.00009877374,0.00012433736,0.00021420266,0.0001038054,0.00034232216,0.00015534442,0.00032442503,0.0002476918],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006194581,0.00002295092,0.00022500711,0.000061063,0.0000040047257,0.000056297446,0.000014675231,0.00016991167,0.99235547,0.00043731186,0.00013956547,0.006451701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007815855,0.00005709676,0.0008089545,0.0000016804044,0.0000055160795,0.000043276785,0.000015413385,0.0014646897,0.9955319,0.00007057183,0.001990273,0.0000027421243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025074842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011172971,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009241064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001868278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011062046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030914545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405843469","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-82091-6","title":"High photothermal conversion efficiency of RF sputtered Ti4O7 Magneli phase thin films and its linear correlation with light absorption capacity","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Scientific Reports","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Division of Materials Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Photothermal therapy; Absorbance; Absorption (acoustics); Deposition (geology); Phase (matter); Sputtering; Thin film; Optoelectronics; Sputter deposition; Glazing; Optics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01949238797572359,"score_gpt":0.2652610094157823,"score_spread":0.2457686214400587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405843469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948113,0.0010563942,0.0018252681,0.000041473853,0.000013277689,0.000008870773,0.00016444812,0.000121814744,0.001957119],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962543,0.0006048701,0.0014527831,0.0000137319985,0.000005255167,0.000013149671,0.00014315582,0.000027464273,0.0014851881],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998431,0.000010521175,0.000011007584,0.000034464952,0.000061800594,0.000039006747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998084,0.000057719393,0.00005407368,0.0000162956,0.0000522698,0.000011208447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017553003,0.0003841672,0.0002460714,0.0004878622,0.00012257566,0.00033411323,0.00031618963,0.0003134105,0.0009993674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031891797,0.00032662193,0.00020685022,0.0003750739,0.00022519808,0.00021412363,0.00015059023,0.00036669825,0.00034901462],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021608246,0.0000037500045,0.00015342684,0.00002221623,0.000003439475,0.000024974019,0.000017671728,0.00008089059,0.9989724,0.000019255904,0.000019675339,0.00066071085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000015819321,0.000043647007,0.0018961593,0.0000029802347,0.000008529486,0.000029235523,0.000016521773,0.0006220006,0.9971968,0.0000063617217,0.00017145563,0.0000046927817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013764774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002442966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013764774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033521268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012305829,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033432245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406062921","doi":"10.1016/j.solmat.2024.113399","title":"Solar-driven MXene-based DES nanofluid coupled with high-reflectivity PVDF/PMMA film for efficient atmospheric water harvesting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanofluid; Reflectivity; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanoparticle; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Optics; Nanotechnology; Physics","score_opus":0.01292349405492257,"score_gpt":0.24111555613356325,"score_spread":0.22819206207864068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406062921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896031,0.00067777326,0.005690697,0.00015367154,0.00006388729,0.000022995651,0.00021668639,0.0001401058,0.0034310261],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99388146,0.00027360668,0.0032879761,0.000034546432,0.00001017841,0.000018415101,0.00008407519,0.000017857621,0.0023918652],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99995327,0.0000026399223,0.0000028134893,0.000013553869,0.000016209964,0.000011414437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999733,0.00000646671,0.000007694804,0.0000029663054,0.000004990571,0.0000044650797],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007618954,0.00022308856,0.00012642345,0.00009188763,0.00015747845,0.00016316805,0.00017698477,0.00022512015,0.0015324367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010119872,0.00011921101,0.00013925685,0.00010151777,0.00013503371,0.00043947622,0.00024398144,0.00033433468,0.00030006343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013513339,0.000003576798,0.000032168933,0.000027019965,0.0000012460349,0.000018499773,0.000018122933,0.0000671359,0.9987884,0.00025230178,0.0000613766,0.0007167626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033782144,0.000024981438,0.00032620103,0.0000027765548,0.0000023969023,0.000015495656,0.00001491606,0.001707476,0.99670804,0.00003216613,0.0011581485,0.0000041140615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004833422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014214653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015324367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034422483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013136958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005126536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406069441","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.131441","title":"An arch-bridge photothermal fabric from hydrophobic warp hair and hydrophilic weft grooved cellulose fiber for efficient waster evaporation and solar seawater desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Desalination; Evaporation; Solar desalination; Materials science; Cellulose; Photothermal therapy; Evaporator; Seawater; Bridge (graph theory); Fiber; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Geology; Membrane","score_opus":0.015991688547326036,"score_gpt":0.305008678062682,"score_spread":0.289016989515356,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406069441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97357994,0.0008324106,0.02178272,0.00009001856,0.00007836343,0.000033642966,0.000100414545,0.00020274703,0.003299751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98866385,0.00035808238,0.007878037,0.00004265621,0.000019898122,0.000019287541,0.00004385328,0.000029541403,0.0029447752],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992144,0.0000053918325,0.000003222498,0.000020151314,0.000027280566,0.000022524495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999931,0.00000839055,0.00002418582,0.000009843273,0.000010253645,0.000016366317],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010857869,0.00030867395,0.00012243536,0.0002154735,0.0001762102,0.0001476915,0.00023003687,0.0002469417,0.00088205107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086451655,0.0001484681,0.0002611542,0.00019309584,0.00021082394,0.00036855714,0.00025965687,0.0003944822,0.0002389403],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020653364,0.000013267938,0.000089884634,0.00004405971,0.0000032414418,0.000051988747,0.000022401491,0.00009571902,0.995782,0.00018916796,0.0000674927,0.003620201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007370883,0.00016600413,0.0016455028,0.0000045842776,0.000011347289,0.00020048878,0.000028189272,0.0010272247,0.9946748,0.00006164577,0.0021614435,0.000011322923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003851758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011937483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00088205107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020043498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018526815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029507875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406133354","doi":"10.1016/j.apcatb.2025.125037","title":"Interfacial engineering of defects-enriched RuO2-Co3O4-x/Cobalt Foam heterojunctions with modulated Ru-O-Co electronic bridges for long-term efficient sulfur removal and direct alkaline seawater hydrogen production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Catalysis B: Environmental","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada)","funders":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen City","keywords":"Cobalt; Seawater; Sulfur; Heterojunction; Materials science; Hydrogen production; Chemical engineering; Hydrogen; Chemistry; Metallurgy; Engineering; Geology; Optoelectronics; Oceanography; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.005657309644444488,"score_gpt":0.2228653021703968,"score_spread":0.2172079925259523,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406133354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983871,0.00014818589,0.00066561886,0.00002037596,0.00001923552,0.0000035185874,0.000025331245,0.00004289809,0.0006878412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991974,0.00004781653,0.0002504124,0.000006502852,0.0000024347514,0.0000036482284,0.00002331912,0.0000075286207,0.00046093928],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999418,0.0000035506362,0.0000035050955,0.000014186287,0.000015296217,0.000021676007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996257,0.00000487448,0.000010642204,0.000005199368,0.000009363416,0.000007340351],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056190212,0.00019743637,0.00015447573,0.00013404537,0.00011586464,0.00030721715,0.00030646884,0.00028631827,0.00086588605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010784904,0.00011941761,0.00013467828,0.00013344114,0.00011345812,0.00019055062,0.00016615742,0.00018597042,0.00015138408],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079612735,0.00002601607,0.00016113026,0.00004221299,0.000010912308,0.000089190355,0.000023013883,0.0002341022,0.99732757,0.00021195025,0.000080820966,0.001713319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000158354,0.00013755364,0.001661059,0.0000041446747,0.000020402536,0.00007961427,0.000050484723,0.0038707447,0.9933391,0.000049282244,0.0007651032,0.0000066259136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045073562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001102524,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00086588605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020346306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007534607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0028966665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406327963","doi":"10.3390/app15020664","title":"Development and Validation of a Capacitor–Current Circuit Model for Evaporation-Induced Electricity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Electricity; Transient (computer programming); Renewable energy; Capacitor; Current (fluid); Evaporation; Grid; Computer science; Materials science; Environmental science; Electrical engineering; Voltage; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.11023624089060069,"score_gpt":0.34254222174432397,"score_spread":0.23230598085372328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406327963","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08468543,0.0013222004,0.89115995,0.0005690671,0.0002425475,0.00046857548,0.00095836393,0.0014947015,0.019099178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91477627,0.0012671319,0.07028902,0.00019602067,0.000052254713,0.000719722,0.0006179619,0.00018290331,0.011898806],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973243,0.00003914246,0.000015848382,0.0000624734,0.00011659108,0.00003351821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995473,0.00019008236,0.000029673118,0.000058003916,0.00016357831,0.000011327341],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037880705,0.0005543153,0.00076650974,0.00042532163,0.00041175075,0.0006881495,0.001979243,0.001357338,0.0026998178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012865786,0.0003506804,0.0010168861,0.0004474647,0.00040605638,0.0013531066,0.00032890425,0.0010285185,0.0007573727],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000095769385,0.0001329923,0.0007222805,0.00046284933,0.000062615836,0.00038083858,0.00017737778,0.8611379,0.095601834,0.017340098,0.0018071762,0.022078201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007856108,0.00003106997,0.00015127087,0.000008072424,0.000008038905,0.000027417425,0.000008077007,0.9916597,0.005260896,0.0008925438,0.0019368748,0.00000820043],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006987449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051274276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006987449,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011527406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012037113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013893545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406515414","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.4c17702","title":"Biomimetic Confined Assembly of Plasmonic CuS from Electronic Waste for Rapid Photothermal Disinfection","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Nano","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Plasmon; Photothermal effect; Photosensitizer; Charge carrier; Materials science; Nanotechnology; Water disinfection; Nanoparticle; Surface plasmon resonance; Photocatalysis; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Photochemistry; Catalysis","score_opus":0.012471344465257729,"score_gpt":0.2771579014678839,"score_spread":0.26468655700262617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406515414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755914,0.0011397462,0.021419967,0.00011288179,0.000046368717,0.000027320362,0.00007617937,0.00022314856,0.0013630826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98834234,0.0004715049,0.009668537,0.00003918791,0.000008483018,0.000021915777,0.00007669474,0.000019061652,0.0013523505],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999366,0.000008561376,0.000005680492,0.000015902677,0.000017281462,0.000016003405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999541,0.000007657146,0.000016307975,0.0000048871225,0.000010106286,0.0000068875192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008147884,0.0003233668,0.00013522725,0.000142602,0.0001157487,0.00017762315,0.00019097369,0.00026426252,0.0005042581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012655323,0.00013200748,0.00015574413,0.00010834195,0.0001582152,0.0002491116,0.000259377,0.0002759321,0.00018232592],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000914183,0.0000045870743,0.00003298274,0.000028488272,0.0000015332572,0.000021665357,0.000011980573,0.00007118561,0.9985331,0.00008113046,0.000026558346,0.0011775483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012800003,0.000040916733,0.00017500437,0.0000017594165,0.000002740453,0.000036360943,0.000008629689,0.00071292813,0.9983583,0.000011120683,0.0006488849,0.0000020374137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027739338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00052405783,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005042581,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017654337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010945033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0016869307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406564376","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.159554","title":"A Janus bio-based interfacial solar evaporator with wettability gradient for simultaneously efficient solar water evaporation and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Wastewater; Pollutant; Wetting; Evaporation; Evaporator; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Clean water; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Waste management; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.008580371905774563,"score_gpt":0.2313145080675509,"score_spread":0.22273413616177634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406564376","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.984962,0.0016083001,0.011214988,0.00012750814,0.00007572865,0.000024443698,0.00009950546,0.00033084519,0.0015566951],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99204046,0.00050921156,0.0054643163,0.00006563967,0.000025828469,0.000026212001,0.0000833057,0.00003992936,0.0017451836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999845,0.000019615547,0.000014449892,0.000038315306,0.000055847737,0.000026661699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999915,0.000016988073,0.000021959118,0.000009879719,0.000021243539,0.0000149852885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014234537,0.0003230704,0.00038758843,0.00021615624,0.00021503326,0.00041948174,0.00040230108,0.0003258621,0.00052916695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014964207,0.00026580392,0.00021873621,0.00017467402,0.0001726532,0.00042926677,0.00044715087,0.0005616251,0.00031896995],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030063515,0.000018592276,0.00006129238,0.000048730282,0.0000052153546,0.000021308508,0.000015794207,0.00007719621,0.99718386,0.00005473879,0.00004717024,0.002435981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006870566,0.0000652518,0.00037047017,0.0000017545065,0.000009720945,0.00003979738,0.000012365298,0.0017534336,0.99703634,0.000011680163,0.00068667775,0.0000056321073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019122862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00068501494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00052916695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001388425,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001690825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001770258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406951240","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04882","title":"Efficient Double-Layer Evaporators with Adjustable Pores for Sustainable Solar Evaporation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"IONICS Mass Spectrometry (Canada)","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo; Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Education","keywords":"Evaporation; Layer (electronics); Materials science; Environmental science; Chemical engineering; Double layer (biology); Engineering physics; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.021327883950883073,"score_gpt":0.30214964289320123,"score_spread":0.28082175894231814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406951240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89036137,0.0073294668,0.09324069,0.00024061587,0.0001369207,0.00007766475,0.00053100707,0.0014374129,0.006644882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725963,0.0017141975,0.022271028,0.00006528805,0.000030650743,0.0000666174,0.00018665325,0.00009776205,0.0029714433],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998703,0.00001059541,0.000008879076,0.00003309236,0.000048402966,0.000028753775],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998802,0.000037001733,0.000034297726,0.000016090358,0.000020211532,0.0000121351495],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015320771,0.00032724717,0.00027407944,0.00024715488,0.00014102852,0.0002751285,0.00034049363,0.00032003486,0.00097551075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022287275,0.00028349523,0.00026451235,0.00019596764,0.00017811703,0.0007886555,0.00041356598,0.0004794791,0.000493441],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028579687,0.00001358704,0.00010371335,0.000102814825,0.0000066543075,0.000043569966,0.00001801749,0.00042231372,0.99438727,0.00040506967,0.00015808789,0.004310384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001372614,0.000045558867,0.0005150892,0.0000054302095,0.000009593701,0.00010403208,0.000010838933,0.0050275023,0.9890592,0.00009121124,0.0051068473,0.000011010651],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015302084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040757895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00097551075,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020333602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015864786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003263414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407204489","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.160348","title":"Enhanced interfacial evaporation with wind-driven rotating sailboat-style evaporators","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Evaporation; Mechanics; Environmental science; Materials science; Marine engineering; Meteorology; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.008568635527687777,"score_gpt":0.24958662559164102,"score_spread":0.24101799006395325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407204489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98981255,0.00045902436,0.0076913955,0.000049953105,0.00004265591,0.00001180523,0.00006356973,0.00014281191,0.0017261901],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949281,0.00018397428,0.00303973,0.00001972165,0.000010640676,0.000008679309,0.00004744379,0.000026136935,0.0017355152],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992406,0.00001054668,0.000004112774,0.000016014517,0.00002447581,0.000020775818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999948,0.000011326782,0.000011206154,0.000006437565,0.000015540838,0.000007519375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010986724,0.0002224853,0.0002669585,0.000114509145,0.00015944724,0.00033684584,0.00024832622,0.00019958768,0.001047427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014732749,0.00012326334,0.00019212783,0.00015362435,0.00014242642,0.00038601208,0.00027203865,0.0003095504,0.00030789332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010030616,0.000040779516,0.00028680003,0.000077693025,0.000006815629,0.00004141309,0.00003322856,0.0008528366,0.9934883,0.00025064,0.00018137343,0.0046396833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017789662,0.00013915802,0.0012342664,0.0000030645713,0.0000065167555,0.00003103514,0.000020905169,0.012765853,0.9840427,0.000026158265,0.0017015885,0.0000109403445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019381726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048334614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001047427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013527446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009852531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0035040379},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407230622","doi":"10.1016/j.jece.2025.115588","title":"Wind-enhanced interfacial evaporation from simulated and real slurry wastes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of environmental chemical engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Slurry; Evaporation; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Environmental engineering; Composite material; Meteorology; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.005635813607425272,"score_gpt":0.22452911253833735,"score_spread":0.21889329893091208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407230622","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998696,0.000060121718,0.0006373833,0.000010669511,0.00000716606,0.0000050218896,0.00010851695,0.000014077979,0.00046105366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99928975,0.0000492177,0.0002709771,0.000004888149,0.000001652505,0.000003425386,0.00010870942,0.00000704074,0.0002643175],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999012,0.000012317109,0.000008359439,0.000023723605,0.000031424086,0.000022983535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99990463,0.00004684474,0.00000883447,0.0000065193935,0.000026740909,0.0000064707447],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015196345,0.00022153782,0.0003087705,0.00013072205,0.00023996194,0.0004603443,0.00014874044,0.00033781593,0.0012378731],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031626137,0.00013826502,0.0003103154,0.0001896805,0.00015312753,0.00033558777,0.00017497827,0.00036503907,0.00015207377],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009913543,0.0001381578,0.005303295,0.00015905948,0.000036116868,0.00016826019,0.000072329654,0.00916738,0.97869784,0.00014211232,0.0001820267,0.0049419957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007411919,0.0003217286,0.015818987,0.000010780161,0.000036135523,0.000062943625,0.0001200546,0.041405283,0.94158745,0.00006253402,0.00048584386,0.000014248089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014167421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018039364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014167421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020915394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001438792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041410923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408063750","doi":"10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c08494","title":"Fast Kinetics Biosourced Carbon-Based Sorbents for Atmospheric Water Harvesting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Kinetics; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Environmental science; Astrobiology; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.00584418960863299,"score_gpt":0.22536121564675426,"score_spread":0.2195170260381213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408063750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90883946,0.011142588,0.07197586,0.00029992883,0.00019883312,0.000120824356,0.00043705758,0.0005639784,0.0064215376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9727088,0.0036840423,0.020580748,0.00006296063,0.000029369628,0.00005548588,0.00018760966,0.00005854137,0.002632472],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998826,0.000010486509,0.0000053574254,0.000022924267,0.000062431915,0.000016187361],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999101,0.000026023135,0.000018442011,0.0000066131843,0.000027444288,0.000011381271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017330353,0.0004632527,0.00021900624,0.00025208553,0.00013150531,0.00021387145,0.0002304944,0.00042026062,0.0007579416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001511013,0.0001664595,0.00025061602,0.00018228334,0.00017550444,0.00030073992,0.00023170364,0.00050764234,0.0003479178],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010748627,0.0000063292014,0.000051556668,0.00006305533,0.000002866124,0.000021660313,0.00000676524,0.00015622264,0.9970789,0.00009259028,0.000047506644,0.0024619391],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003234827,0.000052488576,0.00061463704,0.0000051329944,0.00000497182,0.000046231107,0.000011439837,0.002042893,0.9951611,0.00007262237,0.0019794034,0.000005857023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044271638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013142107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007579416,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033236464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014503888,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002535522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408535536","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142060","title":"Construction of cellulose-based dual-gradient heterogeneous bilayer membranes with optimized directional moisture transport property for enhancing moisture-electricity generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Moisture; Membrane; Bilayer; Dual (grammatical number); Cellulose; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.023298036874233746,"score_gpt":0.27585731769829996,"score_spread":0.2525592808240662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408535536","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9755098,0.001076457,0.020901691,0.00014820542,0.000076582066,0.00004837498,0.00032516988,0.00015336635,0.0017602742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9805933,0.00080762035,0.016857957,0.00005462608,0.000008184973,0.00004429931,0.00031585727,0.000024577352,0.0012936129],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999242,0.000008750697,0.000007485139,0.000015049889,0.000020232786,0.000024287125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999261,0.000007874054,0.000021718475,0.0000066357293,0.000018135497,0.000019558627],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017660178,0.00033901626,0.00020306886,0.00022554984,0.00013739264,0.00030748118,0.00025007586,0.00039844718,0.00036767084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020539235,0.00014707386,0.00030732175,0.0002533051,0.00011686205,0.0004153734,0.00029721088,0.0004954677,0.00023346931],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019582276,0.000011680183,0.00005907051,0.000027930007,0.0000036694696,0.000022692626,0.0000065240993,0.000120486024,0.9983473,0.00019943847,0.000027801254,0.0011537644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006236219,0.000029839994,0.00037476295,0.0000036923789,0.000009146163,0.00004077838,0.000009274313,0.0019214817,0.996521,0.00003705779,0.0010407248,0.000006149603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005056303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007458207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005056303,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033698397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022954217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024450421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409338629","doi":"10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-k4v52","title":"Optimizing mixtures of metal–organic frameworks for robust and bespoke passive atmospheric water harvesting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"ChemRxiv","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Bespoke; Metal-organic framework; Environmental science; Process engineering; Business; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.029010052178255977,"score_gpt":0.28053407950931436,"score_spread":0.2515240273310584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409338629","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9484817,0.0033252647,0.039807163,0.00022910531,0.00006665069,0.00021240552,0.00042018725,0.0004273521,0.007030179],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9724214,0.0011703933,0.02482793,0.00006231234,0.000012722055,0.00013257936,0.00022383024,0.000046803183,0.0011020972],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983716,0.000012728193,0.000009862617,0.000042862914,0.000056115463,0.000041247207],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999435,0.000012760151,0.000016348738,0.0000033714243,0.000011257508,0.000012804767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021668119,0.00049702066,0.00027734975,0.00038201522,0.00019193043,0.0004177763,0.0003834228,0.0004174272,0.00056544057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039312616,0.00021252128,0.00030024513,0.00031814116,0.00014409296,0.0004887811,0.00037183662,0.0004436661,0.00027503356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012574469,0.00016723058,0.00050846045,0.0003615503,0.000032310323,0.0001299858,0.000035596717,0.01317739,0.96794975,0.0012011287,0.00038579304,0.015925055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005430671,0.00060407585,0.0017459503,0.000030575768,0.00005083431,0.00011811286,0.00006775113,0.05723647,0.93159515,0.0003863785,0.008066674,0.0000437609],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012819933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005908254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012819933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042167297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030916964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030594468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409453500","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25506","title":"A non‐noble metal plasmonic photothermal nanoparticle floating device for efficient interface water evaporation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Noble metal; Materials science; Evaporation; Nanoparticle; Plasmon; Nanotechnology; Interface (matter); Metal; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Composite material; Metallurgy; Wetting; Engineering","score_opus":0.01626644006862748,"score_gpt":0.2493132093559439,"score_spread":0.2330467692873164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409453500","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9618521,0.0013329567,0.033438694,0.00017039097,0.00016566647,0.000030651292,0.000223229,0.00036476683,0.0024214946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837864,0.00027701358,0.013358934,0.000061703366,0.000019230973,0.000022594542,0.000067488174,0.000018226943,0.0023884312],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999223,0.0000042397282,0.000004359195,0.000030618878,0.000025999017,0.000012504098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999523,0.000010884744,0.00001277608,0.00000733903,0.000010683512,0.000006002305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000080987564,0.00021238455,0.0002088801,0.00013602855,0.00010939858,0.00022127498,0.0005763447,0.000352728,0.0005853798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010180695,0.0001526255,0.00019805462,0.00010889733,0.00018312407,0.0003006473,0.00021458634,0.0002412979,0.00019622192],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011449908,0.000006019212,0.000030614436,0.000023291323,0.0000024183566,0.00003417669,0.000009053124,0.000060894472,0.9983138,0.000086297034,0.00006366585,0.0013584109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008264471,0.000080740225,0.00038488198,0.000002115657,0.0000073429915,0.00008126622,0.00000859783,0.0040272614,0.9942088,0.000029510697,0.0011522863,0.000008970356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021232096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039038088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005853798,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020590019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008443468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019583106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409546009","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123622","title":"Janus structured cellulose-based aerogel with vertical channels and conical roof for efficient solar-driven water evaporation and pollutant degradation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Carbohydrate Polymers","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Degradation (telecommunications); Aerogel; Conical surface; Evaporation; Cellulose; Pollutant; Solar still; Materials science; Environmental science; Roof; Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination; Engineering; Civil engineering; Meteorology; Physics; Electronic engineering","score_opus":0.014807951362530436,"score_gpt":0.2561675760204514,"score_spread":0.241359624657921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409546009","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98875916,0.001179863,0.006202481,0.000078099496,0.00008001588,0.000018889918,0.00022412477,0.00020450921,0.0032528893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99485874,0.0005307549,0.0030731056,0.000024647312,0.0000103079865,0.000017260325,0.00011951517,0.000027874143,0.0013377605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999915,0.0000051654492,0.0000057028683,0.000019856601,0.000024560302,0.000029719411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999478,0.000008027647,0.000016312615,0.000007086928,0.000008404433,0.000012270153],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009084648,0.00030221237,0.00020851397,0.00018153091,0.00015681316,0.00034868452,0.00021034226,0.0002749696,0.00054084405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011474348,0.00014802268,0.0002673933,0.00023987616,0.00017451087,0.00038812013,0.00028917522,0.00045716777,0.0001910451],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051287523,0.000028710627,0.0001389128,0.00010063228,0.000009388537,0.00008521895,0.000030148998,0.00050504185,0.99463403,0.0005513555,0.00016930769,0.0036959324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007849104,0.000059366434,0.00060793484,0.0000044015414,0.000009154993,0.000043967982,0.000025106783,0.0027932553,0.9947396,0.000055804558,0.0016437034,0.000009896369],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005244209,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001579182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00054084405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023270657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024734534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018093586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409869162","doi":"10.18280/jesa.580305","title":"Energy Consumption of Wind Turbines Mounted on Evaporative Condenser for Energy Efficiency Improvement","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Condenser (optics); Wind power; Evaporative cooler; Environmental science; Energy consumption; Efficient energy use; Energy (signal processing); Meteorology; Engineering; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.026562072550857834,"score_gpt":0.3110971582047028,"score_spread":0.28453508565384494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409869162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99685186,0.00010607838,0.0015162516,0.000022006663,0.000008602856,0.000005378655,0.00014946573,0.000028162738,0.0013122632],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979475,0.000071246184,0.00042581378,0.0000062933236,0.0000012831016,0.000006974263,0.00016336136,0.000008889494,0.0013685668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987173,0.000018487863,0.00000723904,0.000022381882,0.000058321264,0.000021870892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99986005,0.00006246482,0.000016637716,0.0000142338695,0.0000398247,0.000006784861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012771606,0.00020692755,0.00030872753,0.00020925705,0.00019475204,0.00021748118,0.00017636384,0.00024031819,0.0014821155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026079515,0.00011835268,0.00019297363,0.0002907723,0.00012044871,0.00028376322,0.00009850915,0.00014785708,0.00035675187],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020254946,0.0003928301,0.043486465,0.00045823897,0.00008786825,0.00097471377,0.00033150683,0.054227043,0.80400103,0.00071520166,0.0023425713,0.09095703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005914402,0.0034813106,0.26464456,0.000045235935,0.000111752444,0.00037305258,0.0007162664,0.12528689,0.5998147,0.00047047558,0.0049433555,0.00005325899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048671121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014041153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014821155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015443595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008437061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0049582124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409877968","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.115731","title":"Solar-assisted desalination based on photothermal conversion effect: A review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Desalination; Materials science; Environmental science; Process engineering; Solar desalination; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.02537368085096915,"score_gpt":0.32254826970282124,"score_spread":0.2971745888518521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409877968","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002919553,0.9983006,0.00019421504,0.00006889354,0.00012475745,0.000008117343,0.000033941305,0.0000069847993,0.00097049196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010291871,0.9981425,0.0002287177,0.000053579064,0.00006570688,0.000006095748,0.000030436247,0.0000012436435,0.00044260858],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984217,0.000014164716,0.000020981623,0.00003799825,0.000068650734,0.000015972242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998325,0.00007084749,0.00003540583,0.0000052838895,0.000045377867,0.000010511315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036259316,0.0010672855,0.0016693154,0.0023369784,0.00027940984,0.0010347008,0.0006407916,0.00070629624,0.0031953324],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039286973,0.0004194691,0.00081414083,0.0034795285,0.0002604736,0.0013619679,0.00054134324,0.000972828,0.0011694641],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009093486,0.0001655476,0.00023424746,0.072518215,0.0002538693,0.00018233001,0.00006514284,0.0006624304,0.009599334,0.0031193881,0.020480359,0.89262825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027634782,0.00022706825,0.0014403312,0.0054028165,0.0005967673,0.00088697905,0.00010176681,0.0003482118,0.0042129452,0.0015264666,0.98517346,0.00005562106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010419223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024336467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031953324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030116827,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00087599177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010689497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409963894","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202506427","title":"Ambient‐Dried MOF/Cellulose‐Based Aerogels for Atmospheric Water Harvesting and Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Materials science; Cellulose; Agriculture; Chemical engineering","score_opus":0.012560151532869716,"score_gpt":0.2555282254860346,"score_spread":0.2429680739531649,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409963894","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9657518,0.0065298625,0.022069655,0.00018710284,0.00012984755,0.00002961498,0.0004151054,0.0003741923,0.004512726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901169,0.001205315,0.006916343,0.00003340572,0.000013749522,0.000012306458,0.00010936497,0.00002782793,0.0015649078],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999521,0.0000041564294,0.0000030652732,0.000011878194,0.000017864726,0.000010864281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999608,0.0000075767553,0.000011768662,0.000004057843,0.0000083508685,0.000007456913],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000102858095,0.00019852199,0.00011069074,0.00015583965,0.000096487616,0.00016206992,0.00013102042,0.0002412038,0.0008244248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000092272225,0.000084527164,0.00018929674,0.00010531533,0.00010714208,0.00026290948,0.0001542092,0.00028450656,0.0002001806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012681845,0.000006344924,0.00006297917,0.00004866365,0.0000047159433,0.000029244771,0.0000073100773,0.00023506599,0.99737144,0.00017467522,0.000075574564,0.0019712285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026686703,0.000039797385,0.00056166656,0.0000068161316,0.000005341152,0.000053133088,0.000010189797,0.0016511874,0.9940183,0.00005718889,0.003587515,0.0000061417923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046501553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010750081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008244248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020346306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000085476655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0027579665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409974934","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-88942-4_5","title":"Solar Ponds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Synthesis lectures on renewable energy technologies","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science","score_opus":0.016149489319393976,"score_gpt":0.2410569524736094,"score_spread":0.22490746315421542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409974934","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0041749957,0.005041866,0.013124578,0.0008381041,0.0015185993,0.00007379344,0.0006136957,0.0015082925,0.97310615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.029335352,0.0038505855,0.0052282754,0.00054075505,0.00027659,0.00005199545,0.00066041027,0.00029151826,0.95976454],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998646,0.000009329876,0.0000037902446,0.00003700553,0.00006981276,0.000015397101],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999492,0.000005879089,0.0000027458254,0.000013814049,0.000017102917,0.000011346861],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001141657,0.00052896945,0.00043310664,0.00071604614,0.0009976707,0.0015408832,0.00072775874,0.0008540298,0.10642883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017152379,0.0003090821,0.00046135904,0.00077638583,0.00036569164,0.0012842854,0.0016246182,0.0012036259,0.04021873],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001004647,0.00011650764,0.00034668288,0.0005787854,0.000015184182,0.00032040442,0.00025046652,0.0014113684,0.032091483,0.09371005,0.20773245,0.66332614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006143106,0.0000192124,0.0002681808,0.000036339457,0.0000035932378,0.00013637665,0.000047856272,0.00031735748,0.005732988,0.0069337743,0.98649293,0.000005266141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068009435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018063344,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10642883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051434437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044842673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35603994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410510149","doi":"10.5539/apr.v17n1p211","title":"Optimizing Salt Production by Estimating Brine’s Daily Height From Seawater Evaporation at Djègbadji (Benin Republic)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Brine; Seawater; Environmental science; Evaporation; Oceanography; Geology; Geography; Meteorology; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.06851488162325191,"score_gpt":0.37277303600032563,"score_spread":0.3042581543770737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410510149","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98598075,0.00026365052,0.00896037,0.000050961997,0.000013689121,0.00001737641,0.0005824288,0.0002294374,0.0039013436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9882436,0.00011968675,0.009361352,0.000011142936,0.000004734109,0.000017157052,0.00068965973,0.000029560035,0.0015230946],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999169,0.000011477003,0.000004136677,0.000027132319,0.000023766326,0.000016602808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989617,0.000027254575,0.000016484357,0.0000063351467,0.000035963243,0.000017740811],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001956691,0.0003964393,0.00030060203,0.0006330551,0.0003096227,0.00077679654,0.00026839532,0.00025973088,0.0011255558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002738569,0.00016065195,0.0002366621,0.0005992445,0.000108863904,0.00029788318,0.0002497775,0.00017637308,0.00041880587],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049327326,0.00022375477,0.62910736,0.00032659716,0.00013243346,0.0006038136,0.00046103433,0.10255488,0.1403601,0.00041681284,0.0015228462,0.12379718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004533103,0.00014631794,0.65367025,0.000031029984,0.00009632229,0.00012219936,0.0008969281,0.30080214,0.039782293,0.00023003397,0.004119101,0.000058092348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015103786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04233632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015103786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003412739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035067738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03003174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410761457","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.5c03322","title":"Hybrid Nanofiber-Based Atmospheric Water Harvesters: Sunlight-Driven Operation in Low-Humidity and Low-Illumination Environments","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Nano","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Northeast Forestry University; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Sunlight; Materials science; Nanofiber; Humidity; Relative humidity; Optoelectronics; Nanotechnology; Environmental science; Composite material; Optics; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.009911796686326404,"score_gpt":0.24718851317092838,"score_spread":0.23727671648460197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410761457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98211503,0.0011463239,0.014106825,0.00006173874,0.000029749377,0.00002835929,0.00023445087,0.00035218848,0.001925385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876524,0.00058751844,0.009445303,0.000043064127,0.000012619338,0.000034267738,0.00012763824,0.00004063023,0.002056563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999392,0.0000032083267,0.000004211318,0.00002186755,0.000019876825,0.000011647331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999497,0.000013275147,0.000017321818,0.0000042405804,0.00000736666,0.000008167325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011106258,0.0002572082,0.00015356738,0.00012632308,0.00011742559,0.0001809972,0.00019746837,0.00020901418,0.0007228874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009785219,0.0001131585,0.00015807225,0.00009647033,0.00016282487,0.0005173696,0.00018357072,0.00027380625,0.00019532928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014210786,0.0000054982384,0.000046116646,0.000028959605,0.0000021348822,0.000024856434,0.0000127943495,0.00010548667,0.9984175,0.00004967138,0.000032483396,0.0012603106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034909672,0.000035114903,0.0004253615,0.000002502846,0.0000028446502,0.000042960415,0.000009557103,0.0012265826,0.9974957,0.000021827516,0.00072859664,0.000005473437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039603925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012391306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007228874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001663681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082524384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024182796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410794648","doi":"10.1002/eem2.70017","title":"Hydrovoltaic Energy Harvesting From Nut Shells","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & environment materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"University of Waterloo; McMaster University","keywords":"Renewable energy; Generator (circuit theory); Electricity; Energy harvesting; Voltage; Electric power; Process engineering; Rectifier (neural networks); Electric generator; Electric potential energy; Electrical engineering; Environmental science; Electricity generation; Computer science; Materials science; Energy (signal processing); Power (physics); Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.010916404836705805,"score_gpt":0.22695234955143193,"score_spread":0.21603594471472612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410794648","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9531586,0.00092968415,0.03859411,0.00012766985,0.00006738489,0.000035841033,0.0001612978,0.00033796235,0.0065874616],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98732215,0.00037447095,0.008517037,0.000046919464,0.0000054181814,0.000014883916,0.00010864354,0.00004475114,0.0035657021],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99996555,0.0000028961815,0.0000023142973,0.000010527562,0.000014235454,0.000004610666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999703,0.000006678669,0.0000091479615,0.0000033758163,0.0000062467266,0.0000042406114],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006182682,0.00019935337,0.00010017646,0.00010923888,0.00007211756,0.00016514274,0.00016171394,0.0001710247,0.001027083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010761852,0.00010905528,0.00014749968,0.000096127245,0.00014410877,0.00037878501,0.0002610576,0.00020499907,0.0003145708],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000847562,0.0000062102295,0.000097500175,0.00004574581,0.0000024050973,0.000033693777,0.000011120029,0.00022901502,0.995513,0.000351047,0.00007074447,0.00363113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004222462,0.00006946381,0.0008011091,0.0000040988352,0.0000048570264,0.00007459723,0.000011896045,0.002829363,0.99301827,0.0001572516,0.0030203369,0.000004544263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048990565,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002229767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001027083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007941117,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058761198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0034359097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411048850","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119103","title":"Thermally driven reverse osmosis: thermodynamics of a novel process that uses heat for desalination and water purification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Desalination; Osmosis; Process (computing); Process engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Engineering; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.037292047081187996,"score_gpt":0.31676810476603373,"score_spread":0.27947605768484574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411048850","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9705,0.0010981676,0.022350563,0.00041776357,0.00012768347,0.000041144445,0.000285738,0.00018111881,0.0049978206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99395037,0.0005148686,0.003174389,0.000043981436,0.000020647603,0.000019412024,0.00013426949,0.000027692435,0.0021144405],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998834,0.000010265446,0.0000034296706,0.000026300173,0.00006060412,0.000016058157],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999946,0.000021408325,0.000009508661,0.000006302572,0.000011942536,0.000004799492],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015214483,0.00021572941,0.0002384951,0.0001104357,0.0002373312,0.00040104895,0.0005011716,0.00034930187,0.0018804766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028268446,0.00017997222,0.00023597083,0.00012976342,0.0004085865,0.00091997697,0.00024811795,0.0006813146,0.0002530999],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018233218,0.00008702336,0.00060009887,0.00017486421,0.000017420232,0.00009747995,0.000076680015,0.0039123893,0.9770921,0.01070145,0.00059517706,0.0064630294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034178203,0.0001680676,0.0015797203,0.000006835132,0.000011874581,0.00021309228,0.000053879554,0.049145207,0.94186544,0.0020178223,0.004877801,0.000026039173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063114474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010294513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018804766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003916337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044247275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0062907934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411274028","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.164862","title":"Bioinspired anisotropic cellulose evaporator for high-efficiency solar interfacial desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Desalination; Cellulose; Evaporator; Solar desalination; Materials science; Anisotropy; Solar still; Chemical engineering; Process engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Optics","score_opus":0.012039082724479937,"score_gpt":0.25823393946344186,"score_spread":0.24619485673896194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411274028","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9649446,0.003146945,0.021936448,0.00022004769,0.00024747942,0.00004508547,0.00034208942,0.00056134886,0.008556096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98541254,0.0011280323,0.0088369455,0.000088064735,0.00003581112,0.000031804844,0.00015310051,0.00005437461,0.00425939],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999237,0.0000044176963,0.0000043156933,0.000019684516,0.000029401033,0.000018406243],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999291,0.000012392129,0.00001807772,0.000008853637,0.00001969217,0.000011947551],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009652995,0.00031399642,0.00022732475,0.00017371103,0.00015864923,0.00025840302,0.00025958903,0.00032368544,0.0012007459],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013930294,0.00014129233,0.00021772517,0.00018357283,0.000101619655,0.00036327168,0.00028650777,0.00049256533,0.0004977149],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023327837,0.000020759053,0.00009828817,0.00007229602,0.000005977028,0.000051841616,0.000013427924,0.00018320543,0.9946812,0.00019012328,0.00023902745,0.0044205096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004038374,0.00003256027,0.00032206642,0.0000029630787,0.000006015455,0.000047644222,0.00000930408,0.001781386,0.9959235,0.000019130372,0.0018462682,0.0000051435645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041571923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016636788,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012007459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022602992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001783439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004016876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411327972","doi":"10.1002/adma.202502134","title":"Janus Cellular Design Drives Solar‐Powered Spatial Lithium Extraction and Water Co‐Generation from Salt‐Lake Brines","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Innovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Chemical engineering; Adsorption; Janus; Lithium (medication); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.024674998318640555,"score_gpt":0.29843127685027354,"score_spread":0.273756278531633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411327972","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9884969,0.00042168275,0.007092584,0.00011416775,0.00004894795,0.000018185183,0.000092377166,0.00012600273,0.0035892255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99508977,0.00018243336,0.0029594142,0.000023417479,0.000005629459,0.000021509159,0.00004705108,0.000010440305,0.0016603129],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999579,0.0000029269497,0.0000023070145,0.000011123395,0.000014390968,0.000011336954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999628,0.000006235942,0.000010060995,0.0000042256866,0.000008874022,0.000007891476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051752446,0.00018164658,0.00012433996,0.00010416187,0.00015123317,0.00031485464,0.00021564306,0.0001759941,0.00096339214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008356661,0.00011815354,0.000100034806,0.00009126334,0.00018770022,0.00018388941,0.00025106204,0.0002115676,0.00026819733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026335792,0.000011295029,0.00014820561,0.00005327018,0.000003572571,0.000062105486,0.000029403049,0.0006980697,0.9953302,0.0004482878,0.00014008561,0.0030491392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017662851,0.00015377725,0.00083619484,0.000004779549,0.0000066549233,0.000053626387,0.000051531482,0.014915126,0.9796554,0.0001295814,0.0041653896,0.000010237441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042260234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014970275,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00096339214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001999839,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010364408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0032228827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411335315","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-44-313219-3.00143-x","title":"Solar ponds","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Elsevier eBooks","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Geography","score_opus":0.021359892908507108,"score_gpt":0.2732377179092045,"score_spread":0.2518778250006974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411335315","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012851394,0.005571913,0.0043756957,0.00046191944,0.0005991002,0.00003609348,0.00028714677,0.0005867606,0.98679614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0043386873,0.002903729,0.00195006,0.00016818417,0.00007958273,0.000018723002,0.00022184607,0.0001414131,0.9901778],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99986506,0.000010435765,0.0000052049877,0.000032470485,0.00007429664,0.000012559948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999374,0.000009866955,0.0000033923804,0.000016907752,0.000022378059,0.000010035497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013838545,0.00068113476,0.00045333416,0.0010112104,0.0013369712,0.0024423897,0.0007623244,0.0012141289,0.1859725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024789828,0.00040841437,0.00043624916,0.0015438021,0.00041666167,0.0018387422,0.0018884257,0.0012702927,0.07631878],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034711273,0.00006789705,0.0002635606,0.00037071074,0.0000069231405,0.00022965921,0.0003217193,0.0006290641,0.0055053495,0.052507866,0.202455,0.73760766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000019039538,0.0000066132907,0.00018458084,0.000046457488,0.0000016468629,0.000107567146,0.000045617388,0.0001170997,0.00065734255,0.003873448,0.9949551,0.0000026145035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016571648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055473675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1859725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006272541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058499136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411922446","doi":"10.1002/adma.202413353","title":"Hierarchically MOF‐Based Porous Monolith Composites for Atmospheric Water Harvesting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Materials science; Porosity; Monolith; Nanotechnology; Porous medium; Leverage (statistics); Sorption; Nanoscopic scale; Scalability; Process engineering; Composite material; Adsorption; Computer science; Catalysis","score_opus":0.03781265417410839,"score_gpt":0.35374928977521874,"score_spread":0.31593663560111035,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411922446","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0031911465,0.9892564,0.0016440195,0.00022148663,0.00016881581,0.000018799612,0.00008723947,0.000044192177,0.0053680236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.019093372,0.9743497,0.0022933558,0.0001653848,0.000071024355,0.000036115176,0.00012448661,0.000008302309,0.0038583633],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994016,0.0000053696212,0.0000038141156,0.000013644135,0.000026557143,0.000010440521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999633,0.000013788551,0.0000083488985,0.0000017632874,0.000009424953,0.0000034476013],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016191421,0.00062968564,0.0003855303,0.001239956,0.00017998801,0.0003823546,0.00035405677,0.0005641997,0.0020314704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016720318,0.0002326611,0.0003409419,0.001184232,0.00014673515,0.0006543654,0.00031122382,0.00072724465,0.00085449376],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059719147,0.00018738609,0.0002542307,0.03240892,0.00014940008,0.00027479403,0.00008485512,0.0017452876,0.10643319,0.014985993,0.018606994,0.82480925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010513634,0.0001473667,0.00095327606,0.0016391999,0.00011936213,0.0005732695,0.000040277326,0.0007390821,0.028683476,0.0014712441,0.9655997,0.000023086262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088958483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002118905,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020314704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038621083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040174177,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006795943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411923792","doi":"10.1002/admi.202500371","title":"Surface‐Engineered Solar‐Driven Interfacial Evaporation: Innovations and Challenges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; University of Toronto; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Harvard University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Evaporation; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Surface (topology); Meteorology; Engineering","score_opus":0.039870720385643814,"score_gpt":0.3140118174347588,"score_spread":0.274141097049115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411923792","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12463364,0.7848321,0.05459235,0.006415522,0.000999318,0.000089722555,0.00020922824,0.00028325836,0.027944943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48370954,0.48730847,0.020744117,0.0012699991,0.0004297884,0.00010832969,0.00018654215,0.0000675502,0.006175587],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972993,0.000049657952,0.000018460487,0.00004646843,0.00011115266,0.000044279346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997801,0.00009127335,0.000030283029,0.00002233286,0.000063646374,0.000012358597],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007441477,0.00033598617,0.00037091537,0.00030713223,0.00021168847,0.0010855033,0.0004168635,0.00067402475,0.00095721363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048048448,0.0002785319,0.0003912609,0.00039887073,0.0005984218,0.0016063924,0.0007367219,0.0014122307,0.0004526523],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011092799,0.0002880814,0.0012566774,0.009897291,0.00013805581,0.0006690053,0.00043090712,0.00804552,0.54483724,0.12007275,0.008669602,0.30558392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026610807,0.0005140408,0.0016078819,0.0008564099,0.00009384637,0.0010924148,0.0005225318,0.013921915,0.48003775,0.030900232,0.47034267,0.00008363698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003315472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005154135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010855033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043901897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040624806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039354563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412028166","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.165638","title":"Bi-layered cellulose-based aerogel with photothermal and photocatalytic dual functions for integrated solar-driven desalination and Cr(VI) reduction","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aerogel; Desalination; Photocatalysis; Photothermal therapy; Solar desalination; Cellulose; Dual purpose; Reduction (mathematics); Materials science; Dual (grammatical number); Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Catalysis; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.012153009924372807,"score_gpt":0.2389826529742707,"score_spread":0.2268296430498979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412028166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97829837,0.0023266333,0.012168983,0.00014976293,0.00013852894,0.00002834118,0.0005023937,0.00045995082,0.005927115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98959726,0.0008538841,0.0059048478,0.00005485899,0.00001610512,0.00002576078,0.00031243922,0.000056948546,0.003177903],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990666,0.0000053807553,0.000007180586,0.000021357788,0.000030458568,0.000028978277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994063,0.0000070280253,0.000013306079,0.0000071988356,0.000013993117,0.00001789083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010835197,0.0004325218,0.00022001713,0.00020976625,0.00015517016,0.00034016708,0.000298386,0.00033880628,0.0008741519],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013703243,0.00018752652,0.00033563463,0.0002463418,0.0000999386,0.00042590912,0.00029203028,0.00044097938,0.00039511934],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041516112,0.000014417097,0.00007208377,0.000058039815,0.000008399031,0.000039762414,0.000011916466,0.00015265505,0.99700516,0.00016374825,0.000103631384,0.0023286853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000062372646,0.00004366132,0.00046120342,0.0000035867538,0.000013993097,0.00005395558,0.000009820253,0.001914389,0.9959811,0.000023111832,0.0014802108,0.00000868206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010140452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027370919,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010140452,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000306944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021481502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029243827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412488268","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0365","title":"Frosting on porous membranes in energy exchangers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Frost (temperature); Membrane; Heat exchanger; Relative humidity; Materials science; Mass transfer; Heat transfer; Moisture; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Chemistry; Chromatography; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.02291097086554406,"score_gpt":0.26358122314846083,"score_spread":0.24067025228291677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412488268","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79611784,0.06227364,0.1296648,0.0006468019,0.00022273397,0.00009634788,0.00012525884,0.00032257193,0.010529927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9535075,0.021278867,0.021741018,0.00010278271,0.00006616339,0.000036195885,0.000073065974,0.000027830083,0.0031666746],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996984,0.00007419525,0.000010868622,0.000048834994,0.00012716957,0.00004064897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998349,0.00009657424,0.000029891893,0.000009058629,0.000023249722,0.0000063382877],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037256294,0.00021426557,0.0003780797,0.0003396233,0.00019978627,0.0005663432,0.00034823988,0.0006159407,0.00035318884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004650829,0.00028968044,0.00045611933,0.00030149234,0.00054332515,0.0010011585,0.00039303623,0.0005108171,0.0001664757],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009869979,0.000044781103,0.0005577435,0.0011515984,0.00003329741,0.0003913851,0.00019471846,0.018443014,0.93585515,0.010789813,0.00030255783,0.032137252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025644105,0.0004064109,0.002051682,0.0001371117,0.000030197416,0.0004641509,0.000110018416,0.04164132,0.9318961,0.0041512405,0.0190443,0.000041866384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000586105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000713216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006159407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005446733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014890406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0039518476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412644367","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.124293","title":"Biomimetic dendritic root structures for enhancing wind-driven interfacial evaporation from complex particle-laden wastewater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"BC Research (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Wastewater; Particle (ecology); Evaporation; Environmental science; Root (linguistics); Environmental engineering; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Engineering; Physics; Meteorology; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.12022115227846387,"score_gpt":0.4124102256091103,"score_spread":0.2921890733306464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412644367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97336334,0.0016006219,0.018795332,0.00019675567,0.00010936951,0.000048372178,0.00022742666,0.00025695105,0.005401826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98895943,0.000707674,0.0074334894,0.00007286761,0.00001530707,0.00003790264,0.00011792148,0.000035432393,0.0026199052],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999472,0.000004272411,0.000003251823,0.000014003033,0.000013219537,0.00001808888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999254,0.000015967935,0.000019982335,0.0000073493243,0.00001719388,0.000014125331],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006680635,0.00023691723,0.00018602221,0.00012690683,0.000119180426,0.00028535846,0.00022819643,0.00035681346,0.0013358791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019113912,0.000105871644,0.00019297272,0.00012991371,0.00011557784,0.00029973546,0.00023858447,0.0005495289,0.00053096435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002431079,0.000028160992,0.000054788296,0.00007307554,0.0000035592159,0.000031394833,0.000016088154,0.00036993122,0.9955664,0.00030716584,0.00013476513,0.0033902507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013128749,0.000107716165,0.00043276022,0.0000069109124,0.00000896146,0.000038736456,0.000025893207,0.0039359345,0.99247473,0.00007093491,0.0028763895,0.000007893797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026600345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009230096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0013358791,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022170559,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014065343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0044689775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412657813","doi":"10.1016/j.jechem.2025.07.041","title":"Biomass-based 3D solar interface evaporators integrating efficient evaporation and power generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Energy Chemistry","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Evaporation; Environmental science; Interface (matter); Biomass (ecology); Materials science; Solar power; Process engineering; Power (physics); Nuclear engineering; Engineering physics; Meteorology; Engineering; Thermodynamics; Geology; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0129711046303486,"score_gpt":0.28582759180662454,"score_spread":0.2728564871762759,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412657813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9156343,0.0011218176,0.066940226,0.00018523466,0.00024831903,0.000059293772,0.00136329,0.0015653662,0.012882099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95621735,0.0004176744,0.038212378,0.00004680228,0.000014686107,0.00008736049,0.0005262423,0.00009261471,0.0043848553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998747,0.000005967663,0.000004310908,0.000028130604,0.00006610941,0.000020714117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999354,0.00001344215,0.000008704518,0.000015285355,0.000019246912,0.00000801838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094498835,0.00033315265,0.00030471728,0.00017035576,0.00021241937,0.0006815747,0.0006398725,0.0006187311,0.0025420515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018268371,0.00031397364,0.00029886147,0.0002268841,0.00015822909,0.00050955947,0.00048083984,0.00049677363,0.0009087589],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006975675,0.000055181714,0.0005472321,0.00013856101,0.000020155692,0.00010490881,0.00004651315,0.008346315,0.9752818,0.0014631952,0.00084177265,0.013084738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000032510507,0.00011722063,0.0014600613,0.000012554853,0.000014044941,0.000103407685,0.000052905612,0.053694885,0.9356784,0.00036529702,0.008436784,0.000031961456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055303896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017328687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025420515,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003203218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029404572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0085039735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412700092","doi":"10.11159/ffhmt25.101","title":"Experimental Investigation of Using Porous Bodies to Enhance the Solar Still Performance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Porous medium; Porosity; Computer science; Composite material","score_opus":0.03572945085882705,"score_gpt":0.298939046110164,"score_spread":0.2632095952513369,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412700092","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968804,0.0003379756,0.0011864076,0.000032305034,0.000025384117,0.00003095825,0.000329478,0.000050992778,0.0011261008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99603134,0.00047151436,0.0022553173,0.000020430245,0.000008571464,0.000028449651,0.00023431222,0.000020353002,0.00092975615],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99970514,0.000019058043,0.000021897988,0.00007118615,0.00012169581,0.000060950326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995277,0.00014712923,0.00007962691,0.00005211657,0.00015576163,0.00003774615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032000555,0.00034806065,0.00029360116,0.00027805005,0.0002740656,0.00032296227,0.00033719238,0.00059619494,0.0016468451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005835593,0.00018671704,0.00039647767,0.00042100242,0.00032468094,0.0006240478,0.00025361852,0.0005063248,0.0002220466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012995576,0.00007878818,0.0003865464,0.00013922394,0.000009383632,0.00010121323,0.000063804255,0.0006906742,0.9965044,0.00008594009,0.000074734715,0.0017353828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013952089,0.000593863,0.0023091664,0.000008246269,0.000022146589,0.000045086028,0.00007557138,0.0015931476,0.99442977,0.000022554485,0.0008750404,0.0000114418035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014671513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023825748,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016468451,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022487045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018533916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0055092573},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412814494","doi":"10.11113/jamst.v29n2.321","title":"Structural, Thermal, and Surface Properties of PVDF/Silica Aerogel Nanocomposite Membranes for Membrane Distillation Application","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Aerogel; Membrane; Membrane distillation; Nanocomposite; Materials science; Thermal; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Desalination; Engineering","score_opus":0.014519437835663139,"score_gpt":0.27173281217120615,"score_spread":0.25721337433554303,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412814494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915548,0.00076836493,0.006570379,0.000052542477,0.000007995494,0.000009432808,0.00015456708,0.000051385083,0.0008305697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994686,0.00043478006,0.0041640066,0.000012924868,0.0000032926291,0.00001645649,0.00012134146,0.000016107964,0.0005450798],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991655,0.000008589885,0.0000062004056,0.000018984625,0.000036789217,0.000012882027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999049,0.000028204977,0.000020876234,0.000007128391,0.000030903106,0.000008029186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017368137,0.00025138445,0.0001420888,0.00017551413,0.00014821689,0.00020876084,0.00012474658,0.00026674528,0.00046424998],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024713483,0.00013216605,0.00020573339,0.00012994827,0.000112137284,0.0003220273,0.00012865823,0.0003149588,0.00015304142],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010777829,0.0000036945125,0.000066952685,0.000015247142,0.0000017272357,0.0000073594847,0.0000043552923,0.00012755759,0.9990767,0.000019726564,0.0000068189893,0.0006589829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010312368,0.00002928868,0.00076100085,0.0000013286565,0.0000046611617,0.000029242015,0.000007578688,0.0010459218,0.997795,0.000011953314,0.00031039433,0.0000026579428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035644168,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00090320455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00046424998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021308595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014153073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015531182},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412922154","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202514443","title":"Spherical Architecture of Bamboo Lignocellulosic Aerogels for Enhanced Solar‐Driven Evaporation and Antisalt Accumulation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province of China; Government of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Bamboo; Evaporation; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Composite material","score_opus":0.03010623136913522,"score_gpt":0.31755050613362923,"score_spread":0.287444274764494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412922154","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98956364,0.0007786396,0.0074842167,0.000057654706,0.000027074788,0.000019216815,0.00020191597,0.00015387453,0.0017136674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965558,0.00023104789,0.0024094486,0.000010467998,0.000003363991,0.000009969134,0.00009015485,0.000011659101,0.00067812554],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99996626,0.0000034800437,0.0000020569555,0.000009154644,0.0000096258145,0.000009398681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996185,0.000006276962,0.000011885776,0.000004494181,0.000007201749,0.000008309099],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007240947,0.00023598051,0.00010734465,0.00013990396,0.0000869706,0.00016367385,0.00012150389,0.00015623272,0.00045527788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008489673,0.000087403925,0.00013150682,0.00009520233,0.000113755596,0.00017689148,0.0001088912,0.00017857754,0.00016363374],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001307663,0.00000409503,0.000039630348,0.000028636581,0.000002214849,0.000026480846,0.0000071425193,0.00025995928,0.99883,0.000090902955,0.000023419732,0.00067428313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000054292896,0.000053792635,0.0011001524,0.000002866576,0.0000051459247,0.000054074604,0.0000128850415,0.0028872096,0.99448955,0.00004020653,0.0013432113,0.0000054809443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038793738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00094681897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00045527788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015607444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007365818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0015230775},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412923156","doi":"10.1002/dro2.70018","title":"An electrocyte‐inspired moisture‐driven electricity generator for self‐sustained water electrolysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Droplet","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Electricity; Generator (circuit theory); Electrolysis; Moisture; Materials science; Environmental science; Process engineering; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Chemistry; Power (physics); Composite material; Electrode; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008734604374854389,"score_gpt":0.2773846460834977,"score_spread":0.2686500417086433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412923156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9547978,0.0028567682,0.03550145,0.00035949537,0.00023659745,0.00008334948,0.00019974985,0.00047481552,0.0054898793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895738,0.00051771605,0.007763461,0.00007901036,0.000015842874,0.000027097642,0.000054537246,0.000020609687,0.0019479804],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999603,0.000003699339,0.0000025752379,0.0000122787105,0.000012928658,0.000008244228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99997103,0.000005789349,0.000006710935,0.0000029083094,0.000006409497,0.0000070975084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007300059,0.00017139153,0.00012349298,0.00009364208,0.00008868452,0.0002031895,0.00026532085,0.00028405094,0.0007231754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080275415,0.00011622095,0.00013302024,0.00007729574,0.00014505313,0.00032768332,0.00023143539,0.00032249183,0.00028892496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013621618,0.000018014794,0.000077673954,0.000055134264,0.000004728734,0.00006217099,0.0000133493395,0.00018179053,0.99542266,0.0005489507,0.00017731554,0.0034245432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012522032,0.00010832396,0.00035732696,0.0000034449617,0.0000067837036,0.00007390068,0.000012862187,0.007034548,0.9880465,0.00010379293,0.0042322567,0.000007740342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008047523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001904393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007231754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010863825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000642993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002419293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413006563","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202514279","title":"Ion‐Regulated Water Activation in Plasmonic Aerogels for Highly Efficient and Salt‐Resistive Solar Desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Desalination; Plasmon; Salt (chemistry); Ion; Resistive touchscreen; Nanotechnology; Aerogel; Chemical engineering; Optoelectronics; Membrane; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.014247581683103895,"score_gpt":0.27081230217092533,"score_spread":0.2565647204878214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413006563","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9843508,0.00050132244,0.012127255,0.00007709548,0.00002815729,0.000015606984,0.00009550047,0.00019994797,0.0026042913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99486274,0.00019971059,0.0036950218,0.000013090704,0.0000043639566,0.00000821301,0.0000454936,0.000020950709,0.0011503724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994934,0.00000494201,0.0000031845634,0.000013530181,0.000019446074,0.000009594619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999651,0.000007243445,0.000011620117,0.000004002492,0.0000070986716,0.0000049366477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008726235,0.0002526081,0.00010441426,0.00009735555,0.000082843326,0.00018226978,0.00021378357,0.00014829195,0.00058946747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010597598,0.000119302196,0.0001605302,0.000067771674,0.00018886299,0.00024464043,0.00023785152,0.00023750482,0.00015077012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008219592,0.000005143919,0.000043025622,0.000022044564,0.0000020828413,0.000013467504,0.000008503169,0.0003117744,0.99870396,0.00010852578,0.00003607096,0.0007371681],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000029345933,0.000026914233,0.00022244683,0.0000012444492,0.0000026158325,0.000019979245,0.000006821084,0.0028534194,0.99591476,0.000028862727,0.0009171007,0.0000028738561],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029988756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005779953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00058946747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020709413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010606232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00197196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413285823","doi":"10.1039/d5sc03309h","title":"Plasmonic photothermal nanomaterials for solar steam generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Science","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Nanomaterials; Plasmon; Nanotechnology; Photothermal effect; Materials science; Optoelectronics","score_opus":0.09272738118216334,"score_gpt":0.39611267649865683,"score_spread":0.3033852953164935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413285823","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010799263,0.99196726,0.000935759,0.0002952758,0.00030709154,0.00001390117,0.00003271098,0.00002524596,0.0053427094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0059033926,0.99035966,0.0009439461,0.00020596187,0.00012978882,0.000022652168,0.00004403151,0.0000034287243,0.002387076],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990547,0.000012797835,0.0000072637235,0.000016816484,0.000043993463,0.000013703021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994683,0.000022036369,0.000008778931,0.0000024688684,0.000015270582,0.000004565817],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002610723,0.0007038752,0.0004206041,0.0013541057,0.00027673354,0.000501052,0.00039130097,0.000803593,0.0031846429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024052199,0.0002778052,0.00044779346,0.0010417397,0.00019431133,0.00086462847,0.00046288988,0.001101215,0.0013535543],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004431207,0.00014908574,0.00020701505,0.028186513,0.00009156927,0.00036747594,0.00014658553,0.0010887028,0.041302744,0.023300925,0.028751148,0.876364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070298347,0.00010013651,0.00049174356,0.0017865476,0.000057741727,0.00070884376,0.000059794525,0.00033716267,0.008501256,0.002329782,0.98560274,0.000017175913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068675727,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014625848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031846429,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039170106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00058204145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010653675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413327954","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127703","title":"Investigation of the frost limits of a liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) under subzero air temperatures","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Frost (temperature); Materials science; Heat exchanger; Liquid air; Environmental science; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Nuclear engineering; Composite material; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.021269210678269344,"score_gpt":0.2766940272916394,"score_spread":0.25542481661337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413327954","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99702966,0.00028472152,0.0022269047,0.000020480447,0.000005583744,0.000009552738,0.000052895008,0.000022458367,0.0003477745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982187,0.00019773156,0.0012281847,0.000009644596,0.0000027573894,0.000012045654,0.00006461255,0.000006573249,0.0002598183],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996619,0.000033292086,0.000017183185,0.00006806148,0.00017209369,0.00004745063],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995059,0.00020882169,0.00010448859,0.00003082959,0.0001267742,0.000023249766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004688098,0.00018012553,0.00022867232,0.0002137644,0.0002463357,0.00029672642,0.00028925517,0.00030608723,0.000498424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008563901,0.00010132057,0.00022932254,0.0001654941,0.0003235133,0.00051907107,0.00024822654,0.0004043115,0.00015395517],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013559619,0.000024167552,0.0017751822,0.000060188522,0.0000048410893,0.000044157532,0.0000752099,0.0011032549,0.9935533,0.00009198753,0.00003830857,0.0030938347],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000059696827,0.0003806751,0.008963206,0.000008564136,0.000012852123,0.00004556734,0.000086377164,0.008812441,0.981047,0.000060246202,0.0005662622,0.000010859834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008895832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012909189,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008895832,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027644137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018458838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0024793148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414144749","doi":"10.31224/5331","title":"Bronze Wool as a Porous Mixer for Air Temperature Uniformity in Energy Exchangers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Wool; Bronze; Heat exchanger; Porosity; Pressure drop; Homogenization (climate); Thermal; Mixing (physics)","score_opus":0.021740214730910208,"score_gpt":0.30679028136334363,"score_spread":0.28505006663243343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414144749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9400886,0.0021739828,0.054755628,0.00006181523,0.000049965256,0.000050507388,0.000038984595,0.00022144488,0.0025591045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97650427,0.00047620453,0.021547647,0.000026639065,0.00002107816,0.000020140502,0.000033164488,0.000036367626,0.00133453],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996908,0.00007119837,0.000015694399,0.00006943348,0.00011052371,0.000042376458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997578,0.0000778174,0.00008121913,0.000024507872,0.00003660225,0.000022084165],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050910236,0.00022117015,0.00023049068,0.00033334421,0.000175597,0.0005184754,0.0002082521,0.0002450083,0.00063026295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048774527,0.0001277827,0.00022034717,0.00020884543,0.00029339548,0.00059295347,0.00032693098,0.00034698026,0.00023064346],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012304765,0.000031221407,0.00041560156,0.00007291402,0.0000066719617,0.00003260621,0.0000398532,0.0004178737,0.99017835,0.0002496899,0.000022993489,0.008409233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014174108,0.0002781145,0.0018297094,0.000008464957,0.000011912427,0.000084165025,0.000032538373,0.0030467934,0.9926206,0.000051116822,0.0020160922,0.0000062185613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002133358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000565884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00063026295,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019654736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000114040246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0026924014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414443776","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2025.1650870","title":"Mapping the research landscape: energy storage of bio-nanoparticle-enhanced phase change materials for solar desalination—a scientometric framework","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Water","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","funders":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","keywords":"Phase change; Phase-change material; Desalination; Solar energy; Concentrator; Solar still; Renewable energy; Water desalination","score_opus":0.1037674600492488,"score_gpt":0.38441914883725864,"score_spread":0.28065168878800983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414443776","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4044509,0.054426655,0.49964282,0.0048370445,0.00021522674,0.0005011595,0.0021419656,0.0011508629,0.032633387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.76500547,0.028762063,0.20130326,0.0002475173,0.00007351016,0.00024193464,0.0010501137,0.00009903663,0.0032170708],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961674,0.000086310996,0.000017804421,0.00009073048,0.0001516803,0.000036777554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976736,0.000078113335,0.000047579215,0.000022201702,0.00006804257,0.000016706623],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009461413,0.0007358841,0.00045390814,0.0026975167,0.00045548606,0.0018296638,0.00080994493,0.0006907742,0.00094910496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007887434,0.00023985832,0.0005347767,0.002630428,0.00073837856,0.00238227,0.0006687205,0.0004942319,0.00031074675],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018336349,0.00032597393,0.008424619,0.0036637813,0.00012929906,0.0004667509,0.0004353473,0.049891938,0.49107632,0.053014085,0.002074679,0.39031377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003332255,0.0008931991,0.015496261,0.000499044,0.00020548009,0.00075136154,0.00201889,0.19955608,0.635636,0.047441456,0.09730663,0.00016228759],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019424064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003354786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9973025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012564457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001223211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009116232},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["bibliometrics"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["bibliometrics"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4414723634","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119477","title":"Zeolite nanosheet–carbon composite films for high-efficiency and salt-resistant interfacial solar evaporation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion; Information Technology Research Centre; Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Ethiopia","keywords":"Evaporation; Fabrication; Composite number; Coating; Porosity; Zeolite; Absorption (acoustics); Membrane","score_opus":0.015352418061480447,"score_gpt":0.29268903214603026,"score_spread":0.2773366140845498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414723634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99123025,0.001166762,0.005221179,0.00006929661,0.00006046683,0.000023169241,0.00014037362,0.0001293359,0.0019592086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959649,0.00042983412,0.002075362,0.000021005646,0.00000789778,0.000011755668,0.0000776604,0.000015689528,0.0013958564],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991727,0.0000047104827,0.0000060441985,0.000019300513,0.000031225005,0.000021357508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999547,0.0000079640595,0.0000108094,0.000004470382,0.000013752975,0.000008301238],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009278663,0.0003017129,0.00017440044,0.00021785952,0.0001408655,0.0002382294,0.00024485603,0.0003062682,0.00089445204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012682311,0.0001663716,0.00014842776,0.00016889526,0.00009890098,0.00034011193,0.00022536024,0.00039270642,0.00018684597],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028454404,0.000011690769,0.000049418883,0.000039417075,0.0000037731872,0.000024850679,0.0000057221505,0.00009693711,0.99822146,0.00007122803,0.000050121103,0.0013967972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005932082,0.000033613236,0.0005065307,0.0000020628831,0.000004590738,0.000019666073,0.000007029207,0.0010326715,0.99779946,0.000010337736,0.0005747077,0.0000033596173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005499717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026380408,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00089445204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020417024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010431295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029922724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414914022","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202519230","title":"All Wood‐Based Evaporator via Cell Wall Regulating for Integrated Water and Energy Generation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; University of Alberta","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Renewable energy; Evaporation; Evaporator; Photothermal therapy; Cellulose; Solar energy; Water treatment; Carbon fibers","score_opus":0.025535897444787757,"score_gpt":0.2743097681288299,"score_spread":0.24877387068404214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414914022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.951829,0.001448261,0.038875997,0.0001066793,0.00006418218,0.000039015024,0.00021550592,0.00047395597,0.0069473577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.986032,0.00048055928,0.009461835,0.00004385131,0.000008931682,0.000026305981,0.00011150371,0.000040913383,0.0037940396],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999516,0.0000037447342,0.0000026006387,0.000012116703,0.000016742846,0.000013192431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999578,0.000008303624,0.000015674521,0.0000052826767,0.0000081478565,0.0000048966535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000831972,0.00029284414,0.00012486822,0.00013887693,0.00010178899,0.00019109593,0.00018818854,0.00017691494,0.0015696483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000793168,0.0001049467,0.00017330602,0.0001092867,0.00013974556,0.00028708775,0.00024899904,0.0003153939,0.00039387622],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001103749,0.000011640959,0.00006861832,0.00003839131,0.0000031594996,0.000021786434,0.000009764687,0.0001995212,0.9965474,0.0002521951,0.000086513675,0.0027499115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014499473,0.00003362907,0.0002445047,0.0000019178183,0.0000023113064,0.000021577538,0.0000066214325,0.0012297414,0.9970763,0.000026620219,0.0013530221,0.000002438415],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020074713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006388674,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015696483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013972638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011536511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00525105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415504442","doi":"10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135805","title":"Biomass-derived Janus composite evaporators with hybrid-surface design for stable and efficient solar desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Separation and Purification Technology","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology; Shandong Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Evaporator; Janus; Composite number; Desalination; Superhydrophilicity; Evaporation; Solar desalination; Solar still","score_opus":0.020143198964646954,"score_gpt":0.29971039491737583,"score_spread":0.2795671959527289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415504442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9553235,0.0016105998,0.039089154,0.00005859444,0.00008502625,0.000027320792,0.00014466295,0.000284822,0.0033761573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845436,0.0003994423,0.012860402,0.00001972421,0.000014761259,0.000038280235,0.00009964853,0.000029056762,0.0019950005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991643,0.000006957063,0.000004779053,0.000020202666,0.00003640092,0.000015274225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999522,0.000006722223,0.000011724403,0.000004174879,0.000018650153,0.000006643514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010060573,0.00023303962,0.00027591473,0.00019763525,0.00018747359,0.0003328628,0.0003368667,0.00024304322,0.0005418107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008640393,0.00019385386,0.0002612877,0.00021616324,0.00010978869,0.00033172898,0.00023907107,0.00030175748,0.0002582274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006307796,0.000023394492,0.0001482989,0.000092653456,0.000013658478,0.000024474186,0.000012418596,0.0013331281,0.99308866,0.00028763688,0.00009877697,0.0048138355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011173029,0.00012984441,0.0008936118,0.0000027779424,0.00001822981,0.000050857456,0.000016995617,0.019599458,0.9768596,0.00007384918,0.0023327004,0.000010837682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021281895,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011058531,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005418107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016699175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001592201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018125176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415644000","doi":"10.3390/engproc2025111029","title":"Transient Analysis of Solar Driven Hydrogen Generation System Using Industrial Waste Water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"TRNSYS; Wastewater; Hydrogen production; Industrial wastewater treatment; Renewable energy; Solar energy; Sewage treatment; Exergy; Photovoltaic system","score_opus":0.06824317604268887,"score_gpt":0.2999093545051698,"score_spread":0.23166617846248094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415644000","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9732391,0.000101205085,0.01882628,0.0001118063,0.000017688182,0.000049086255,0.00031490266,0.0004058083,0.006934159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989215,0.0000193374,0.0004380516,0.0000057375833,8.05493e-7,0.000010080658,0.000043478958,0.000008395983,0.00055248203],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990344,0.000016796976,0.000004644156,0.000018786013,0.000036148325,0.000020193196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988294,0.00006530468,0.000011101769,0.0000081520575,0.000026663882,0.00000576967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001603318,0.0002098863,0.00038455994,0.00023543957,0.000272949,0.00035949322,0.00037253788,0.00040036006,0.0019981556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028310224,0.00015014962,0.0004030168,0.00023383688,0.00022160583,0.00036169158,0.000172194,0.00027846525,0.0001666237],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011293468,0.00031042928,0.009664773,0.00050864415,0.000120287616,0.0010895649,0.0003624492,0.7498705,0.21425018,0.0017307338,0.0012319963,0.019731145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021409689,0.00017655297,0.0037535245,0.000006590948,0.000015950407,0.000034771943,0.000089271554,0.96757287,0.027667895,0.00026857315,0.0003831038,0.000009488847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049011735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026319658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0049011735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005451166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023014634,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0097453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415687539","doi":"10.1002/smll.202508897","title":"Bioinspired and Biodegradable Hydrothermally Treated Cellulose Nanocrystal Aerogels for High Efficiency Solar Steam Generation and Sustainable Water Purification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Small","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Desalination; Evaporation; Solar desalination; Portable water purification; Cellulose; Microstructure; Population; Greenhouse gas; Water scarcity","score_opus":0.01764923844539036,"score_gpt":0.2405551111775425,"score_spread":0.22290587273215212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415687539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799794,0.00181579,0.013147633,0.00011298342,0.00008717512,0.000033822053,0.00026908942,0.00019711594,0.0043569626],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939614,0.00048253703,0.004279261,0.000021531165,0.0000060869675,0.000011847739,0.0000751308,0.000015941263,0.0011462085],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999573,0.000003214535,0.00000299169,0.000009720663,0.000016555981,0.000010190985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995065,0.000008087832,0.000015009651,0.0000050215085,0.000010665506,0.0000105562995],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007374849,0.00015951689,0.00010846775,0.000112076246,0.00006482379,0.00014821505,0.00012689302,0.00018012038,0.00060043624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010583228,0.00008261288,0.0001583894,0.00008996276,0.000100751466,0.00016344708,0.000107039945,0.0002272279,0.00014318025],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018707238,0.0000141248165,0.00007119076,0.000040817176,0.000006046034,0.00004878444,0.0000075922103,0.00046280338,0.99683654,0.00024678593,0.000113167036,0.0021335008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000065535746,0.000063267355,0.0004671005,0.0000032721766,0.000005901157,0.000045157863,0.000007701147,0.0033569073,0.99427277,0.000029572719,0.0017367837,0.000004985188],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007512226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017626197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007512226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022229677,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001401908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002008617},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415826894","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.5c00051","title":"Optimizing Mixtures of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Robust and Bespoke Passive Atmospheric Water Harvesting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Engineering Au","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Oregon State University; Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation; Concordia University; Research Corporation for Science Advancement; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bespoke; Adsorption; Nanoporous; Arid; Water vapor; Passive solar building design; Water balance","score_opus":0.011665303569846444,"score_gpt":0.2397385788101177,"score_spread":0.22807327524027127,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415826894","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97007287,0.0040628077,0.01675182,0.00024806493,0.00011228063,0.00016398766,0.00069055473,0.00061521534,0.0072824634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856638,0.0013466007,0.010605491,0.000085516454,0.000018147419,0.00012636019,0.00035216432,0.00007304077,0.0017290466],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998109,0.000011984215,0.000010671056,0.000050902643,0.000049317245,0.000066240435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994624,0.000012305113,0.0000118763455,0.000004156865,0.000010742807,0.0000147000555],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018352103,0.0005452899,0.00027931848,0.00035814324,0.00020399276,0.00043058582,0.00045933216,0.00052835577,0.0012553589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041553142,0.00022909394,0.0002929854,0.00036075423,0.00013760607,0.00061813905,0.00041578183,0.0004909685,0.00041624485],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012385639,0.00011130986,0.00018777119,0.0003251985,0.00003186913,0.000118865515,0.000037807436,0.0024520725,0.9840456,0.0007524373,0.0006484727,0.011164614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004167893,0.00035812642,0.0011966232,0.000027774006,0.000045678455,0.00009547547,0.000061386934,0.01185057,0.97718847,0.00019550057,0.008898114,0.0000405086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015489336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005923677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015489336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003560954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020666924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004199624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415897291","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.170454","title":"Salt-rejecting evaporator enhances vacancy-rich Pt/ZnIn₂S₄ seawater hydrogen evolution via photothermal synergy and evaporation-induced dynamic interface","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Specific Research Project of Guangxi for Research Bases and Talents; Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Photothermal therapy; Photocatalysis; Hydrogen production; Evaporation; Evaporator; Coating; Hydrogen; Artificial seawater","score_opus":0.006689935266645263,"score_gpt":0.25713111894805035,"score_spread":0.2504411836814051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415897291","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927729,0.00031476558,0.0042329226,0.00007451155,0.00004435798,0.000011882267,0.000083747305,0.00015602399,0.0023089892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99714017,0.00013261016,0.0010207553,0.000033229837,0.0000070137585,0.000008569491,0.000048037422,0.000022178738,0.0015875051],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999378,0.000003436943,0.0000037073753,0.000017806216,0.000020225229,0.000017071092],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996626,0.0000075222515,0.000009100874,0.0000042521115,0.0000070516503,0.00000582351],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000669805,0.0002104803,0.0001860898,0.00008184562,0.00011182613,0.00021752763,0.00027601683,0.00022174683,0.0015139198],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014211453,0.00013892581,0.00014546853,0.00009836065,0.00015526458,0.00036111052,0.00029544852,0.00031493237,0.00033868937],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005414401,0.000008099638,0.00007592593,0.000038809914,0.0000029198154,0.000036746027,0.000020575457,0.0000523031,0.9978555,0.00017043434,0.000103778446,0.0015806706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004421001,0.00002402283,0.00027696413,0.0000010365285,0.0000031389443,0.000028788712,0.000010084848,0.00087996986,0.9981908,0.000014883617,0.0005637283,0.0000022093657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022858949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006491585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015139198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014737315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009171351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0050646067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416023143","doi":"10.1016/j.gee.2025.11.002","title":"Heat and hydrogen co-production based on photoresponsive electrode in the full-spectrum SOEC hybrid system","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Green Energy & Environment","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Key Research and Development Program of China; Key Technologies Research and Development Program; National University's Basic Research Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Hydrogen; Hydrogen production; Photocurrent; Exergy efficiency; Electrode; Hybrid system; Irradiation; Energy conversion efficiency","score_opus":0.0088102895777404,"score_gpt":0.22748297143499238,"score_spread":0.21867268185725197,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416023143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9734254,0.0009446492,0.01922972,0.00012325565,0.000086963686,0.000040970674,0.0002763832,0.0003575948,0.0055151656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927862,0.00023148903,0.0051466865,0.0000262136,0.000007425359,0.000023429335,0.0000756366,0.000018084082,0.0016848673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998658,0.000007747948,0.000005079097,0.000041366176,0.000058555823,0.00002141114],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99996257,0.0000064736682,0.0000049091,0.000007302751,0.000013134326,0.0000056479366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009775026,0.0002721811,0.0003288171,0.00017688643,0.0001831459,0.00032578662,0.00038470663,0.0003761427,0.0009983963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000101732025,0.0001712197,0.0003140374,0.00025785295,0.00015341237,0.0004962076,0.00034135344,0.0003304358,0.00031890126],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011339542,0.000046624635,0.0004988374,0.0001432817,0.000022983651,0.0002156329,0.00004069191,0.0032154392,0.98438156,0.000736778,0.00036197016,0.010222914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018926174,0.00018839745,0.0014976191,0.0000065663853,0.00002124417,0.00014140208,0.000044670116,0.030691884,0.9619154,0.0002502076,0.0052055893,0.000018209283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00075622025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013452818,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009983963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026098272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013132638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0033400059},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416306303","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.109094","title":"Feasibility evaluation of flowback and produced water treatment via interfacial solar evaporation: Experimental validation and techno-economic analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Water Process Engineering","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"Commission Géologique du Canada; Office of Energy Research and Development; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Produced water; Durability; Evaporator; Evaporation; Water treatment; Sewage treatment; Wastewater; Aerogel","score_opus":0.02897490178055283,"score_gpt":0.33148423963863083,"score_spread":0.302509337858078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416306303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992147,0.00031304866,0.0060407897,0.000043672346,0.000009122072,0.00015356326,0.0002035524,0.000037560087,0.0010516265],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99193305,0.0004665652,0.006583826,0.000016609207,0.0000041423505,0.00009374608,0.000098690725,0.000014243914,0.00078915927],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996482,0.000041637366,0.000020877025,0.000051723055,0.00018442079,0.000053106196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974746,0.000054939053,0.000039718456,0.00003122536,0.000107894215,0.000018811837],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066276407,0.00040923475,0.00041383022,0.0002976802,0.00039605531,0.0004898674,0.00039459293,0.00053376076,0.000762129],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005276484,0.00014079969,0.00045647644,0.00036391482,0.00034509017,0.0005675729,0.0003808282,0.00056539424,0.00019056571],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001588253,0.00011635543,0.0013922033,0.0002021219,0.000013512876,0.00011078925,0.00004814754,0.0012752659,0.99177414,0.000109852146,0.000042245607,0.0047565917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011683075,0.00034764965,0.002138069,0.000004842608,0.000016560432,0.000027842581,0.00005215438,0.0030493361,0.9938252,0.000020354475,0.000497664,0.000008537614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038895942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006422593,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038895942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00075363216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005022268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0077338815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416415638","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.5c09345","title":"Experimental Study of High-Pressure Oxy-Fired Direct Contact Steam Generation (HiPrOx-DCSG) with Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) Produced Water","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Omega","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Office of Energy Research and Development; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Flue gas; Boiler (water heating); Produced water; Combustion; Steam drum; Boiler blowdown; Heat exchanger; Steam injection","score_opus":0.0240943578278202,"score_gpt":0.2881251523418699,"score_spread":0.2640307945140497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416415638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977477,0.00012364158,0.0012523923,0.000025716348,0.000009735065,0.00002948883,0.00023015466,0.000059022368,0.00052198325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970271,0.00016293341,0.0019312209,0.000018155735,0.000003894378,0.000026129754,0.0001148519,0.000019080746,0.00069657783],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99982363,0.000016215485,0.0000107971455,0.000055214863,0.000062485,0.000031667278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998685,0.000040519873,0.0000273972,0.000010464723,0.00003388553,0.00001924493],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024399726,0.00028179647,0.00031413054,0.0001790961,0.00025605306,0.00030179977,0.0003423184,0.00052371604,0.0015535688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024109874,0.0001758361,0.00021659878,0.00027510963,0.00037158641,0.00035727126,0.00023808364,0.00037441673,0.00033631592],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016640252,0.00005495794,0.00033976298,0.000090989524,0.0000039282304,0.00007944266,0.000049357892,0.00030030392,0.99709034,0.000039617575,0.00006858071,0.0017162726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018160892,0.00064788474,0.0028465919,0.0000039258343,0.000010862684,0.00004598267,0.000058492722,0.002229065,0.9934949,0.000018791978,0.00061534904,0.000009926418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009644396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014873906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015535688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026410611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017867087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0051971674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416724469","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c01964","title":"Importance of the Operating Conditions on the Photothermal Effect in Solar Pervaporation Desalination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Division of Engineering Education and Centers; Arizona State University; Bureau of Reclamation; National Water Research Institute; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Pervaporation; Membrane; Photothermal therapy; Desalination; Sunlight; Flux (metallurgy); Solar energy; Volume (thermodynamics); Humidity","score_opus":0.07933756623664304,"score_gpt":0.37353942835674947,"score_spread":0.29420186212010646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416724469","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99506,0.00067927985,0.0027439017,0.000086897664,0.00003555013,0.000026146061,0.00014387288,0.000056265344,0.0011679155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978987,0.00031431444,0.0013712752,0.00002303264,0.000008290153,0.00001575295,0.000055175657,0.000027859984,0.00028561425],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995901,0.00008679155,0.00003505024,0.000093094386,0.0001355115,0.00005947062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926585,0.00042155516,0.00009878961,0.000037079364,0.00014575575,0.0000309701],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038860197,0.0003956338,0.00030305545,0.00013819807,0.00027806516,0.0006328618,0.0002954105,0.00042915365,0.0012350654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010955251,0.00022400655,0.00019077641,0.00015393183,0.00035737807,0.00067878014,0.0002241604,0.0005018574,0.00021317578],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011629156,0.000013178546,0.00033108518,0.000048664115,0.000005010128,0.000029640873,0.000023902074,0.00014864671,0.99790514,0.000022553759,0.000017564684,0.0013382823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032246705,0.00006527984,0.0017484635,0.000002478697,0.000006542291,0.000029611552,0.000026224252,0.00043757906,0.99743253,0.000010636,0.00023258217,0.000004809944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012787654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015662734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0012787654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002978071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026454387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0041317344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416938095","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.171558","title":"Unlocking ultralow-energy and high-efficiency urine resource recovery via solar-driven aerogel interfacial evaporation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Ste. Anne's Hospital; United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Aerogel; Resource recovery; Modular design; Evaporation; Resource (disambiguation); Decoupling (probability); Efficient energy use","score_opus":0.007478193217534056,"score_gpt":0.22546688242596055,"score_spread":0.21798868920842648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416938095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93774015,0.0036896733,0.04717556,0.00036408738,0.00021555774,0.000083484614,0.00053791644,0.0010098031,0.009183812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99159557,0.00084224856,0.0054267445,0.00007264387,0.000018625109,0.00003132919,0.0001462484,0.00006570918,0.0018007914],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998318,0.000010084054,0.000010038151,0.00004021664,0.000054466487,0.000053363518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999181,0.000025052266,0.000016039581,0.000012721819,0.000017727738,0.000010288501],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016491771,0.0003968089,0.00032189072,0.00020351622,0.00018402236,0.00044646472,0.00034394293,0.00037248802,0.0009320838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032513472,0.0002309859,0.00032603394,0.0002403936,0.00025372856,0.00074593944,0.0007447011,0.0007656045,0.000412866],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004405498,0.000024881478,0.00012023839,0.00012000298,0.000010950319,0.0000868574,0.000036299276,0.00036995506,0.99230146,0.00068953,0.00025178725,0.0059440043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006552773,0.00003149155,0.00027760293,0.0000052978794,0.0000056508907,0.000050003306,0.000016313761,0.0032052512,0.9943427,0.00010177634,0.0019472004,0.000010106423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035941662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093926484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009320838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025262206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019980187,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031181574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417196164","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.5c03576","title":"Combining the Transport of Pendular Water with Wind-Assisted Interfacial Evaporation for Dewatering of Concentrated Slurry Waste","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Applied Biological Materials (Canada); BC Research (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Evaporator; Slurry; Evaporation; Dewatering; Particle (ecology); Renewable energy; Flocculation","score_opus":0.10052204779410405,"score_gpt":0.3510589983021618,"score_spread":0.25053695050805774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417196164","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9413517,0.0010754085,0.054975882,0.00008589384,0.00005468525,0.00006488648,0.00008921203,0.00036267578,0.0019397192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9695348,0.0006238766,0.027367456,0.000048602615,0.000018414778,0.000051581585,0.000106388856,0.000076510354,0.002172365],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998766,0.000013246608,0.000008860978,0.000031940726,0.000040950636,0.000028345665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999237,0.000020939557,0.000022465358,0.000010984185,0.000013739425,0.000008300048],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019208716,0.00038693758,0.00036279665,0.00023359776,0.00018145943,0.00036098078,0.00029637612,0.00027310985,0.00057714037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019541479,0.00019281123,0.0003134293,0.00020750564,0.00022955528,0.0006326414,0.00043793037,0.0004887289,0.00035229418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001796838,0.000015781834,0.00010103152,0.000055765435,0.000004464403,0.000025533807,0.000015206346,0.00021166162,0.99533325,0.00008264091,0.000040509945,0.0040962356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000050354747,0.00007520606,0.00031706475,0.0000027369676,0.0000055293535,0.000028103093,0.0000100076595,0.0022985842,0.99610007,0.000022451875,0.0011299514,0.000005227115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030533204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093275413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00057714037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016735487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001666636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0019307733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417448688","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202524104","title":"Photothermal Macroporous Lignin Cryogels for Off‐Grid, Continuous Atmospheric Water Collection via Interlayer Heat Recovery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Functional Materials","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lignin; Sorbent; Yield (engineering); Photothermal therapy; Energy conversion efficiency; Portable water purification; Adsorption; Efficient energy use","score_opus":0.009573273124614177,"score_gpt":0.2551598260459342,"score_spread":0.24558655292132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417448688","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9810786,0.00059270515,0.015804024,0.00005366446,0.000024603638,0.00002063253,0.00010080989,0.00020918019,0.002115639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99390775,0.00023489617,0.0044483445,0.000021075031,0.0000048248107,0.000014203089,0.00003553898,0.000014539171,0.0013188764],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999969,0.0000026788127,0.0000012503436,0.000008642334,0.000010338974,0.000008081612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999709,0.000004238265,0.000010633122,0.0000032883001,0.0000047785024,0.0000061811056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000061995255,0.00020638097,0.00008127157,0.00008381306,0.000071776296,0.00013273997,0.00016245423,0.00012136572,0.0007318946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040961128,0.000091485526,0.000117595584,0.000059279217,0.00012116188,0.0001908854,0.00017667908,0.0002697465,0.00020509642],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008622083,0.000009294014,0.000035535566,0.000023189663,0.0000016715373,0.0000122528845,0.000006701911,0.00013234757,0.9983311,0.00007557821,0.00004912455,0.0013146286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037420584,0.000058340254,0.00039871447,0.0000024898357,0.0000028795002,0.000028283323,0.000008614565,0.0021247973,0.99635774,0.000017860435,0.0009934774,0.0000030355745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031838723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00084927276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007318946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016396251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009133717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00244838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6907933490","doi":"10.25446/oxford.25275181","title":"55859: Albert Ville's account of his experience in the army","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Open MIND","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Duty; Front (military); Front line; Clothing; World War II; First world war; Quarter (Canadian coin)","score_opus":0.07490912460012034,"score_gpt":0.37883491412914244,"score_spread":0.3039257895290221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6907933490","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.009831681,0.23105393,0.0004729062,0.052614648,0.04374048,0.000053055013,0.0011302191,0.0001825871,0.6609205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.051444676,0.0570034,0.00021779977,0.021059437,0.011858768,0.000064905376,0.0006956603,0.00015890319,0.8574966],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942267,0.00014123166,0.000030417272,0.00007767301,0.00015537585,0.00017268785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997336,0.0000735425,0.000026154226,0.000007741356,0.000041497653,0.00011745648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003438334,0.0013241412,0.00034404916,0.0015172614,0.005350463,0.0031850864,0.0008294216,0.002269694,0.034574203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011821802,0.0003825376,0.0002860179,0.001971583,0.0016072838,0.0022015823,0.0022940757,0.003256914,0.01783076],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024616033,0.00001840576,0.00058109325,0.0001551292,0.000003681717,0.000905521,0.0057496834,0.000053361582,0.00010972322,0.0056697195,0.9636511,0.023078067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.82994e-7,0.0000049544356,0.0010132298,0.000151178,8.409806e-7,0.00044042914,0.00096308993,0.0000056836043,0.000012773594,0.00019722349,0.9972057,0.0000038784992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06061595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.15482706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06061595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0036699488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019620452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.120526254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6926527418","doi":"10.22033/esgf/cmip6.3602","title":"CCCma CanESM5 model output prepared for CMIP6 LUMIP hist-noLu","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"dataset","venue":"Earth System Grid Federation","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Coupled model intercomparison project; Climate model; Climate change; Grid; Phase (matter); Resource (disambiguation); Earth system science","score_opus":0.05535049580254224,"score_gpt":0.2980683472608666,"score_spread":0.24271785145832436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6926527418","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010533951,0.000096495074,0.0019369598,0.000554514,0.00040843236,0.0000864099,0.9826916,0.0033890344,0.009783143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.011200834,0.00013286878,0.006553613,0.00037948633,0.00009113371,0.0005870331,0.968894,0.0030045288,0.009156521],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994141,0.000095496885,0.000037683236,0.00019584001,0.00015936235,0.00009756928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986732,0.00014203918,0.000052355197,0.0001996153,0.0008340299,0.000098713215],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010045288,0.001330173,0.0012230112,0.0014801945,0.00090212165,0.0018204075,0.0035908138,0.0020585407,0.13124447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003356425,0.00095732766,0.0020585486,0.004053955,0.0003035557,0.0024026267,0.0010958915,0.0029373975,0.06188392],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000795435,0.000017995211,0.0008960544,0.0002356623,0.00008521671,0.000023606302,0.00001891819,0.011538472,0.00027987032,0.0018209912,0.980571,0.0044326684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006209688,0.0000223839,0.007377539,0.00023281046,0.000116106035,0.000035504887,0.00010948986,0.036013193,0.0017085496,0.005683191,0.9479537,0.00012661029],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20547779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.11430105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20547779,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027227611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0041172686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43905646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6926623905","doi":"10.25384/sage.21951237","title":"sj-docx-1-cjk-10.1177_20543581221150676 – Supplemental material for Development and Validation of Patient Education Tools for Deprescribing in Patients on Hemodialysis","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sage Journals Data","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Deprescribing; Hemodialysis; Home hemodialysis; Kidney disease; Patient education; Patient assessment; Disease","score_opus":0.09080950021326706,"score_gpt":0.3516461044934322,"score_spread":0.26083660428016514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6926623905","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"dataset","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"dataset","genre_consensus":"dataset","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006913164,0.0001331459,0.0014515828,0.0014889191,0.00087393157,0.0007380426,0.96261716,0.004994153,0.027011644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006614449,0.0004499551,0.008387063,0.0024963096,0.0007377628,0.003424659,0.8817172,0.0065561715,0.08961639],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970763,0.00041694194,0.00063293666,0.00036128442,0.0012026798,0.0003099073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.95726776,0.020210702,0.0020540494,0.002491651,0.016137693,0.0018381219],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00381999,0.0011800965,0.001208929,0.0043992377,0.0015609381,0.0046360046,0.0027938583,0.002507323,0.91462845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04703325,0.0012658325,0.0011311349,0.0043966467,0.00057425554,0.0031775062,0.0023066774,0.0021251654,0.6293208],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116522446,0.00006425352,0.00040064412,0.00046244013,0.000008121164,0.000018622035,0.000030374498,0.00004305845,0.00013128262,0.00022308361,0.99000984,0.008491656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012556551,0.00015743903,0.013066054,0.0018387741,0.000045925684,0.0002255139,0.00040191214,0.00056446774,0.0018789179,0.0024491341,0.9779894,0.0001268852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012955799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02260808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91462845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001973749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038952853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12177217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6939260307","doi":"10.60692/wjeeq-ffq61","title":"State-of-the-art in solar water heating (SWH) systems for sustainable solar energy utilization: A comprehensive review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Solar water heating; Solar energy; Nanofluids in solar collectors; Renewable energy; Thermal energy storage; Thermal; Solar thermal collector; Passive solar building design; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector","score_opus":0.06740440171669919,"score_gpt":0.2751753441922878,"score_spread":0.20777094247558858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6939260307","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00068304094,0.9964187,0.0006395547,0.0001370601,0.00017213859,0.00001743732,0.0000754481,0.000024366644,0.0018322495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0018415409,0.9966563,0.000633783,0.000101017446,0.00011834456,0.000019879793,0.00010193769,0.0000046446576,0.0005226783],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999668,0.000041392082,0.000051100706,0.000074533185,0.0001231147,0.000041882242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995783,0.00020086898,0.00008505197,0.000017556722,0.00009264011,0.000025554433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007955889,0.0013951582,0.0017461866,0.0026252037,0.00045448897,0.0013732152,0.0010517291,0.0010857136,0.005230997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067818956,0.00072722347,0.0011058489,0.003488455,0.0003345553,0.0020259426,0.0009271239,0.0012318533,0.002260288],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094238785,0.00018343753,0.00035739123,0.09340014,0.00015813846,0.00028346514,0.0001722891,0.0015056565,0.013690619,0.0056584426,0.021852264,0.8626439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000114786335,0.00029196957,0.00093537156,0.005759212,0.00032103178,0.00072359573,0.00011953029,0.0005004442,0.004330542,0.0014566882,0.98549575,0.00005440856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000838471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001232331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005230997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003883418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010361741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017499387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6958054690","doi":"10.60692/q90m5-x6g83","title":"State-of-the-art in solar water heating (SWH) systems for sustainable solar energy utilization: A comprehensive review","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Greater South Information System","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nanofluid; Solar water heating; Solar energy; Nanofluids in solar collectors; Renewable energy; Thermal energy storage; Thermal; Solar thermal collector; Passive solar building design; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector","score_opus":0.06740440171669919,"score_gpt":0.2751753441922878,"score_spread":0.20777094247558858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6958054690","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00068304094,0.9964187,0.0006395547,0.0001370601,0.00017213859,0.00001743732,0.0000754481,0.000024366644,0.0018322495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0018415409,0.9966563,0.000633783,0.000101017446,0.00011834456,0.000019879793,0.00010193769,0.0000046446576,0.0005226783],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999668,0.000041392082,0.000051100706,0.000074533185,0.0001231147,0.000041882242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995783,0.00020086898,0.00008505197,0.000017556722,0.00009264011,0.000025554433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007955889,0.0013951582,0.0017461866,0.0026252037,0.00045448897,0.0013732152,0.0010517291,0.0010857136,0.005230997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067818956,0.00072722347,0.0011058489,0.003488455,0.0003345553,0.0020259426,0.0009271239,0.0012318533,0.002260288],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094238785,0.00018343753,0.00035739123,0.09340014,0.00015813846,0.00028346514,0.0001722891,0.0015056565,0.013690619,0.0056584426,0.021852264,0.8626439],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000114786335,0.00029196957,0.00093537156,0.005759212,0.00032103178,0.00072359573,0.00011953029,0.0005004442,0.004330542,0.0014566882,0.98549575,0.00005440856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000838471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001232331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005230997,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003883418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010361741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017499387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6980313792","doi":"","title":"Boris Garcia Live at Route 63 Roadhouse on 2010-01-16","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Garcia; Barefoot; Point (geometry); Set (abstract data type); Window (computing)","score_opus":0.009729301166192032,"score_gpt":0.21103208744754348,"score_spread":0.20130278628135145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6980313792","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010633053,0.0008369664,0.0004107028,0.001791609,0.0020556322,0.000081259735,0.0056762886,0.0020766803,0.9860075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0013646405,0.00029152574,0.00013563206,0.000120394245,0.00006045368,0.0000102811,0.00095493026,0.00022943407,0.99683267],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998098,0.000014534794,0.000004302053,0.00004349563,0.00006716784,0.000060639723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996636,0.0000175738,0.000010538003,0.000018678993,0.00013495269,0.00015477878],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000311918,0.0009232361,0.0005842965,0.00074104144,0.0025619746,0.0022781151,0.0006823393,0.0011964639,0.8076301],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066915085,0.0002936947,0.00035939502,0.0006150124,0.00022776276,0.0010033236,0.001809521,0.0012937001,0.72000355],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008749869,0.000027045562,0.00029180892,0.000062727326,0.0000018123372,0.000100723824,0.00007329505,0.000021842674,0.00038509688,0.00077149936,0.9656302,0.03254651],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043866903,0.000012532752,0.00046570596,0.000034317625,9.966394e-7,0.000022661876,0.00010669463,0.000014476017,0.00011534734,0.00008033972,0.9991398,0.0000026842729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012278844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.055020634,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19236988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001063375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011419539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2743923},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6986646736","doi":"","title":"IN QUEBEC !#-☎) +27 72 994 9256!#-☎)STOP CHEATING SPELL QUEBEC, QUEBEC","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Spell; Happiness; Happening; Cheating; Variety (cybernetics); Grandchild","score_opus":0.02020242198461679,"score_gpt":0.2863114978064427,"score_spread":0.2661090758218259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6986646736","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0019446971,0.00081628707,0.00039903348,0.0025536036,0.0010913423,0.00012664762,0.009001459,0.0012177514,0.9828492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0021341145,0.00016200417,0.00013558254,0.00040384507,0.000016660428,0.000014828921,0.0007534422,0.00023461529,0.9961448],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995578,0.000030706597,0.000010902855,0.00009392625,0.00015983566,0.00014685722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99849665,0.000084595464,0.000039140556,0.00008056282,0.000663805,0.0006352071],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041702844,0.00094428705,0.0007896079,0.00058292167,0.0065084333,0.0044444073,0.00091658096,0.0021158555,0.91157645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0012562398,0.0004981815,0.0006795621,0.001042976,0.0007724881,0.0013121988,0.0017838402,0.0019476623,0.69715434],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006170092,0.00004446962,0.0009243831,0.000063168154,0.0000052299592,0.00010885602,0.00008714779,0.00007597193,0.00045204756,0.0012177846,0.95748013,0.03947899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012394058,0.000011944157,0.0021326642,0.00006765981,0.000002313258,0.000035312405,0.0002231836,0.00007497048,0.00015677355,0.00007788064,0.9971933,0.000011750629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7899037,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.92890877,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7899037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008517885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009699783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42266715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6987414333","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release third quarter 2018 financial results","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Term (time); Energy consumption; Production (economics)","score_opus":0.01920675554468663,"score_gpt":0.2749551760994982,"score_spread":0.25574842055481156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6987414333","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0011103137,0.0003398157,0.0012205137,0.004272563,0.003086282,0.00013082498,0.008694074,0.0025311867,0.9786144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004438166,0.00022955192,0.00039077678,0.0008755564,0.0004304464,0.00007388254,0.0047106906,0.0011241294,0.98772675],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99796236,0.000111541354,0.000047241923,0.00012273529,0.0014725847,0.00028354998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996506,0.0003297116,0.00015737185,0.00035055948,0.001972282,0.00068402645],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001651235,0.0011217742,0.0006168528,0.0024768065,0.0019102504,0.005759717,0.0011873286,0.0025962973,0.5090812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008943803,0.000339545,0.00074635434,0.0013839857,0.0006665479,0.0030919106,0.0016036074,0.003061885,0.3990537],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006275705,0.00004960842,0.00014545671,0.000029061754,0.0000025137865,0.000028772247,0.000008529892,0.00008464283,0.0001353555,0.0041570603,0.9751116,0.020184701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041122144,0.00003535996,0.0005044022,0.00005158005,0.000003997196,0.000032227992,0.000033708195,0.0004501098,0.00069532776,0.0032734384,0.99486816,0.0000106610905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008571786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012968921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5090812,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002564986,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00447801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7002361},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6987506931","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release third quarter 2015 financial results - Earnings News (EARNINGS) News","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Term (time)","score_opus":0.022393493504272107,"score_gpt":0.2869765821709772,"score_spread":0.2645830886667051,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6987506931","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0020465627,0.0013696213,0.0005434195,0.019171571,0.02302587,0.00015951277,0.022105947,0.0028478901,0.9287296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004121932,0.0005429275,0.00014614785,0.0025746638,0.0021252497,0.000037331036,0.006526227,0.00050183455,0.9834238],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989122,0.000041503354,0.000031212785,0.000055686443,0.0007752502,0.00018415325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99806553,0.00017751,0.00013580744,0.00013551816,0.001052185,0.00043350633],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012317982,0.0008368475,0.0004741627,0.0017781529,0.0014254195,0.005997799,0.00071749766,0.002606591,0.37105513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0050536813,0.000317878,0.0007047464,0.0010308729,0.00035535562,0.001924626,0.0013705016,0.002641472,0.26185077],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025212013,0.000011153268,0.00009005748,0.000011527972,0.0000011498913,0.000013885418,0.0000033000204,0.000014648313,0.00003184223,0.0005944148,0.9930682,0.0061345436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020898737,0.000024381074,0.0016055977,0.000054344982,0.000003537029,0.000018423732,0.00003178039,0.00012255594,0.00025392292,0.0007256931,0.9971277,0.00001115452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014458312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029178338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37105513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016011441,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022844917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8971135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6996766723","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy reports third quarter 2017 results Suncor Energy reports third quarter 2017 results Suncor Energy reports third quarter 2017 results","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Energy consumption; Energy source; Renewable energy","score_opus":0.02919990254888003,"score_gpt":0.29236438698824996,"score_spread":0.2631644844393699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6996766723","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007120719,0.0008055968,0.00096897065,0.0027037887,0.0030708439,0.00025353231,0.06309477,0.0025774918,0.92581296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0036821305,0.0023295495,0.0010081058,0.0006690841,0.0010566089,0.00036934653,0.07147601,0.0038624126,0.9155467],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9905724,0.00038963865,0.00025033756,0.0003355258,0.007820707,0.0006313449],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9847051,0.0010322251,0.0005887014,0.00122453,0.011469869,0.0009795655],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0039122156,0.0021917203,0.0011090402,0.0076383734,0.0023002536,0.008583809,0.0023265402,0.0022510856,0.6145638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009864745,0.0008181986,0.001649618,0.0077876034,0.0007527332,0.0045967754,0.0023568696,0.0026437945,0.6250012],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034096836,0.00003551307,0.000097087366,0.000111864916,0.000004440194,0.000009918251,0.0000063732964,0.00009276987,0.000081961465,0.00088214077,0.986368,0.012275827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000026529242,0.000016751901,0.0005916378,0.00011902344,0.0000109322345,0.000012661553,0.000046758105,0.00014720846,0.0011043467,0.0010321414,0.9968797,0.000012369547],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02526755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030605493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97473246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0048573227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.011083653,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54977787},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6996807683","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release second quarter 2020 financial results - TSX (TSXTSX01) News","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Payment; Order (exchange)","score_opus":0.015590341020197511,"score_gpt":0.2585782740697952,"score_spread":0.2429879330495977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6996807683","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0012621537,0.00093772006,0.0006883727,0.016699873,0.02349094,0.0001229546,0.010560232,0.0026268868,0.94361097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0037832612,0.00046783802,0.00030347795,0.0038892755,0.0012246479,0.000044073007,0.0045607644,0.0005500923,0.98517656],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991516,0.00004246235,0.000016287197,0.000050160725,0.0005826645,0.0001567347],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99895287,0.00011529651,0.000042095337,0.0000759895,0.0005198891,0.0002938763],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009596115,0.00092859985,0.00044413222,0.0008527121,0.0012603452,0.0054971157,0.0007402026,0.0037947677,0.4507031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002948765,0.0003347072,0.0007783722,0.000590454,0.00036260425,0.0020681107,0.0012892178,0.0033443277,0.2941539],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003578619,0.000013312596,0.00004056167,0.000017600552,0.0000011447421,0.000022475302,0.000003067678,0.000021535649,0.00008017421,0.00089175353,0.9905191,0.008353408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021172633,0.000022397118,0.0004052492,0.000030017054,0.0000019095937,0.000022501232,0.000022016433,0.00011476224,0.00023531924,0.0008761584,0.99824214,0.000006448451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008385527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019352831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54929686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012454749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00217508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7835053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W6996890537","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy reports 2011 fourth quarter results | Reuters","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Energy consumption; Term (time)","score_opus":0.024917035201389735,"score_gpt":0.26971052134489565,"score_spread":0.2447934861435059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W6996890537","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00090892497,0.0011712635,0.0007264863,0.0021900288,0.0015903673,0.0000877825,0.053671677,0.0059955507,0.9336579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001678979,0.0009792935,0.00047156232,0.00022090133,0.00023984675,0.00004791933,0.025074374,0.0023680853,0.968919],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875724,0.00008427528,0.000060777777,0.00014465045,0.00080940337,0.00014370432],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99808097,0.0002601248,0.000108584965,0.00033435263,0.0009629425,0.000253001],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011106557,0.0018927229,0.0011907445,0.00405884,0.0013930877,0.0064141024,0.0012432341,0.0014867703,0.6677634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0037511026,0.0007235966,0.0009156033,0.0051282495,0.00038727577,0.0027078344,0.0011539585,0.0020161315,0.640708],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036545134,0.00002876218,0.00007238566,0.00008066222,0.0000029199423,0.000009976554,0.0000055218115,0.00009516858,0.0000786053,0.0007111713,0.9732944,0.025583817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000018127657,0.0000145639,0.00062578934,0.00007147366,0.000005568883,0.000015785175,0.000017362536,0.00017652303,0.00058605464,0.0006122153,0.9978472,0.000009340811],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01643782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021108879,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6677634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021964952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027278245,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47389513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7009087151","doi":"","title":"Desarrollo de nuevos aerogeles de aplicación industrial mediante la técnica de liofilización","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"RUIdeRA - Institutional University Repository (University of Castilla-La Mancha)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Thermal insulation; Energy consumption; Energy conservation; Efficient energy use; Production (economics); Soundproofing; Energy demand; Sustainable development","score_opus":0.019314783895895034,"score_gpt":0.2398706743010671,"score_spread":0.22055589040517207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7009087151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87815607,0.04548984,0.046759438,0.0009682589,0.00093136134,0.00016053462,0.00080011354,0.0013938075,0.02534054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9303137,0.019725744,0.034291007,0.00026235107,0.00012219531,0.00017334807,0.0005091083,0.0002690658,0.014333578],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998381,0.000015807003,0.000009559149,0.000047255668,0.000059369646,0.000029919229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984443,0.00003372388,0.00004321919,0.000020303578,0.000040083407,0.000018226583],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032975763,0.00038953923,0.00037548784,0.0004326364,0.00020843289,0.000706909,0.00028954708,0.00046282058,0.0016246197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004114953,0.00017087554,0.00044708588,0.00033960794,0.00020952678,0.00090682233,0.00027224026,0.000613652,0.0006652327],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016221098,0.00011339681,0.00044700797,0.0008064219,0.000036103807,0.00015154155,0.00010445997,0.0007663748,0.9526913,0.0011579046,0.0007480715,0.042815167],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000028342174,0.00041392923,0.0012571926,0.00008664975,0.00006435211,0.00016112694,0.00006699031,0.0024508806,0.9398319,0.00030889394,0.05530648,0.00002334661],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038287308,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008330962,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016246197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032842957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019740117,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0054348707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015379550","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy reports 2012 second quarter results | eZanga Search Results","year":2012,"lang":"nl","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Energy (signal processing); Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy consumption; Term (time); Data collection","score_opus":0.035111914212847185,"score_gpt":0.29625925581159046,"score_spread":0.26114734159874325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015379550","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0013908898,0.0074639316,0.00081781973,0.0046995743,0.0017690895,0.00034042337,0.6983733,0.0032142955,0.28193063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.012992517,0.011571435,0.0015832293,0.0033909918,0.0014792087,0.0013797864,0.5070501,0.004471322,0.45608142],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987872,0.00016436588,0.00014061399,0.00016826017,0.00055295066,0.000186661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969472,0.0012536362,0.0002943455,0.00023374238,0.00091821305,0.00035286308],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012180685,0.001771624,0.0020141553,0.010115494,0.0014875004,0.0060960623,0.0016347552,0.001950446,0.5976931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.010569212,0.00048593222,0.0018088501,0.0115660615,0.00050961704,0.0022422299,0.0019405317,0.0012281652,0.42529595],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013770114,0.000017565017,0.00023529092,0.001434772,0.00002427625,0.000040139716,0.000016390924,0.00007573696,0.00004887922,0.00043635975,0.98498374,0.012549076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002704052,0.00002805987,0.0023281616,0.0017501457,0.00012723506,0.000058827092,0.00011154332,0.0002713437,0.0003104936,0.0017063533,0.9930147,0.000022838482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026644709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.051427178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4023069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018630427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0036212208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5738419},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015406211","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release third quarter 2014 financial results&amp;amp;lt;SU.TO&amp;amp;gt;","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Term (time); Energy consumption; Work (physics)","score_opus":0.028030089645503953,"score_gpt":0.2919988511454654,"score_spread":0.26396876149996146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015406211","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008179024,0.00020720942,0.0011135078,0.0028214674,0.0021740785,0.00012063987,0.005418129,0.0027849514,0.984542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0027684458,0.00013516095,0.00027687452,0.0004980164,0.00019558983,0.00003241487,0.0023530843,0.0009914364,0.9927489],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867404,0.000049250924,0.000024483032,0.00008985103,0.0010094215,0.00015290649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974885,0.00017579846,0.00007318103,0.0002804374,0.001556551,0.00042555341],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011799105,0.0008772864,0.00050130277,0.0017040004,0.0020044395,0.005553845,0.0009871597,0.0020417948,0.6567916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0046327165,0.00048889825,0.00066322694,0.0011752095,0.00063487893,0.0025338696,0.001622665,0.0026204688,0.50929606],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043930195,0.000030330993,0.00010202073,0.000031671232,0.0000022511863,0.000024190671,0.0000107369815,0.00005432291,0.00026634685,0.0029621879,0.9769523,0.01951965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001606897,0.000023623394,0.00036757678,0.000028637105,0.0000022849538,0.000027226064,0.000029895938,0.00018116443,0.0006652421,0.0011976818,0.9974528,0.000007890269],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009122559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019471241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6567916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019971612,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035589277,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48954505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015407911","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release second quarter 2020 financial results","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Term (time); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.014569733509909658,"score_gpt":0.25598850164220993,"score_spread":0.2414187681323003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015407911","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0018173504,0.00055961066,0.0010285327,0.005607039,0.0055750976,0.000119802,0.010711305,0.0013301816,0.973251],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009442332,0.00050150004,0.00069234124,0.002284783,0.0004523883,0.000083840714,0.007391371,0.00061649794,0.97853494],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897885,0.000060365717,0.000019744242,0.000053998585,0.0007287025,0.0001583472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986449,0.00012011322,0.000054402557,0.00006669571,0.0007506217,0.00036327617],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012846636,0.001079557,0.00042572364,0.0015195437,0.0011222392,0.0043995404,0.0009010646,0.0026543986,0.33631927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004171298,0.0002617597,0.00069559366,0.00081912964,0.00038959348,0.0021041397,0.0011319024,0.0024128787,0.18067442],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000810363,0.00004756642,0.00014867008,0.00003541038,0.0000029582063,0.000031704505,0.00000601591,0.00016600301,0.0001692676,0.004705303,0.97286993,0.021736134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042913565,0.000046205623,0.0006486385,0.000048387716,0.000004466624,0.00002849294,0.000037733767,0.0005637953,0.0004881399,0.0031177124,0.9949626,0.000010902743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01613686,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021403482,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33631927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002270784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0040526884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94666004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7015640019","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release fourth quarter 2018 financial results","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Term (time); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.018551217504308447,"score_gpt":0.26665933803109065,"score_spread":0.24810812052678222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7015640019","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010120047,0.0004945478,0.00093456387,0.006791,0.0050916425,0.00013933708,0.011712989,0.001898862,0.9719249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.004235211,0.00031571224,0.00035247373,0.0015819127,0.0005703381,0.000080025784,0.005730437,0.00077938614,0.9863544],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978788,0.00011987728,0.00005116325,0.00011188571,0.0015527639,0.00028561783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966384,0.00034258413,0.00014579791,0.00026326848,0.0020075147,0.0006024678],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017140353,0.0010330944,0.0005843878,0.002410388,0.0017468361,0.0055048657,0.0010807589,0.002820041,0.4837576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008968651,0.00032733296,0.00080726197,0.0013637429,0.0006274586,0.0026343537,0.0015016304,0.0031450132,0.37512255],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047631645,0.000030483843,0.000124064,0.000027107435,0.000002259917,0.000020949641,0.0000056554454,0.000060348917,0.00008678623,0.003264416,0.98119134,0.015138908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000036001064,0.0000314553,0.00052617333,0.000059445058,0.000004133993,0.000024952767,0.000029384055,0.00027583094,0.00044611166,0.002807903,0.99574834,0.000010241103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011152624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016813032,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4837576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027997645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0047872136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73635715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7037810478","doi":"","title":"Fellas, Is It Ace to Not Get the Girl?: Asexual and Aromantic readings of fantastical coming of age in George MacDonald’s “Phantastes” and J. M. Barrie’s “Peter and Wendy” (“Peter Pan”)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Asexuality; Human sexuality; Fantasy; Asexual reproduction; George (robot); Unsaid; Popular culture; Victorian era; Monster","score_opus":0.04433503869986534,"score_gpt":0.32800222324083156,"score_spread":0.28366718454096623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7037810478","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31578022,0.013711611,0.011270884,0.080597654,0.0021654663,0.00006331872,0.00009372816,0.000120484394,0.5761966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9697534,0.0013228467,0.00090553885,0.0026630852,0.00013832535,0.000028552404,0.000020855923,0.000057653353,0.025109697],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869686,0.00087277463,0.000015886686,0.0001076901,0.00019251813,0.000114411516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991854,0.0003895524,0.00009812974,0.000048333844,0.00010051854,0.00017808104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013972158,0.00044720547,0.00023044892,0.00044741415,0.005766482,0.004595026,0.00050407933,0.001212254,0.0029344214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0034513776,0.00018009066,0.00024795593,0.0002589177,0.0145425,0.0049237534,0.002456503,0.0036864164,0.00050684944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007469053,0.000033840774,0.0008479644,0.00008300243,0.0000067792394,0.001078739,0.47168574,0.000059760918,0.0010903374,0.49603876,0.016374758,0.012625666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022580323,0.000104761646,0.0031039543,0.00034368306,0.000014825947,0.003070388,0.39295366,0.000345831,0.0011532581,0.05907008,0.53976697,0.000050034756],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0059733866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0072400575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0059733866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027684884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009213366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020086884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7043361512","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy reports second quarter 2017 results – WorldNews","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Energy consumption; Field (mathematics); Term (time)","score_opus":0.031990067499016006,"score_gpt":0.3021012373646499,"score_spread":0.2701111698656339,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7043361512","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00071567605,0.0010746296,0.00058985595,0.0031944606,0.006432871,0.00014409545,0.007081144,0.0015855285,0.97918177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0016041757,0.001053088,0.00031684095,0.0006845899,0.0008619811,0.000049958504,0.006298599,0.00082335965,0.9883074],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856037,0.000064947686,0.000029793577,0.00008765852,0.0010732607,0.00018407346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99811256,0.00012152977,0.000069559435,0.0001491444,0.0010482977,0.0004989591],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013424866,0.0016666482,0.0006414971,0.0029688608,0.001745359,0.00808584,0.0010583401,0.0021902055,0.5479566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024063268,0.000417345,0.0010710469,0.0020396244,0.0006302873,0.0032192052,0.0016077658,0.0026979027,0.4934476],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003931136,0.00006178767,0.00007912755,0.000060941864,0.000002917556,0.000016567621,0.0000043984974,0.000054186487,0.00017496667,0.001226942,0.9717249,0.026553966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014846246,0.000021621772,0.00033882319,0.000041382074,0.0000028871204,0.000013788705,0.000020508249,0.00010019673,0.00049710233,0.00077096606,0.99817264,0.0000053127196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008944386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018013041,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4520434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002108644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0051407767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64478505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7043461692","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy reports second quarter results - NYSE (NYSE0001) News","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); High energy","score_opus":0.016247277799650694,"score_gpt":0.2659511468881872,"score_spread":0.24970386908853653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7043461692","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007520587,0.0008487677,0.00037057148,0.00755305,0.010068496,0.00013479227,0.008642663,0.001534588,0.97009504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00085571426,0.00031977674,0.00013346062,0.00085404696,0.0004940236,0.000026071515,0.0024793085,0.0003134664,0.9945241],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991947,0.00003188842,0.000018021048,0.000058222497,0.0005879972,0.00010925926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989003,0.00010973544,0.00004091541,0.00008755658,0.00061373203,0.0002477428],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00093621726,0.0010192522,0.0005667509,0.0012886383,0.0016121324,0.0057522613,0.00080076547,0.003167948,0.5433217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0023807825,0.0004224686,0.00083544326,0.00095457665,0.00039070533,0.002221528,0.0014036127,0.0028865766,0.35613272],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002122023,0.000019718447,0.00004662776,0.00001639522,0.0000010957581,0.000015813452,0.0000023207597,0.000019667963,0.000059534046,0.00048480643,0.9909922,0.0083205225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001199879,0.000013624512,0.0004421395,0.000026370555,0.0000017368833,0.000012505966,0.00001647133,0.00008220614,0.00017933037,0.0003144421,0.9988944,0.000004901308],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018980376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.050355047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5433217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017281232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0031288376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65139616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7043535028","doi":"","title":"Studying evaporation from Ottawa sand with mixed wettabilities under a simulated solar flux with forced convection: Experimental apparatus design and evaporation rates","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"K-State Research Exchange (Kansas State University)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Texas State University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Evaporation; Relative humidity; Inlet; Water content; Flux (metallurgy); Hydrology (agriculture); Irrigation; Moisture; Aquifer; Humidity","score_opus":0.10168078591695626,"score_gpt":0.339874018823121,"score_spread":0.23819323290616476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7043535028","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.997235,0.00008942054,0.0016622102,0.00001222119,0.000008312806,0.00024197623,0.0003719533,0.000020566351,0.0003583775],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98490983,0.00042809296,0.011763423,0.000038391776,0.000008385307,0.00089179404,0.0004486549,0.00002500751,0.001486361],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999637,0.000029425277,0.0000393336,0.00009667685,0.00012324119,0.00007437084],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995565,0.00009331108,0.00008267353,0.000062232546,0.00014099445,0.000064326785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046903885,0.0006966332,0.00047448007,0.00031435103,0.00065413653,0.00039900688,0.000710322,0.00043093672,0.0010876314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038411756,0.00035277038,0.00067115854,0.00042084113,0.00048362775,0.00033300597,0.00041977855,0.0006010205,0.00018098978],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00073545036,0.0006606368,0.005238977,0.00022493042,0.000027359936,0.000104988336,0.0001605783,0.0012269365,0.98864555,0.000095448115,0.00006545524,0.0028137427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011918275,0.0037148907,0.035737127,0.000015960366,0.000107299216,0.00008481035,0.0001734648,0.0041905306,0.9545822,0.000050854458,0.0011791777,0.00004452931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0064587025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015346025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064587025,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009911791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00092754094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012842238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7043591697","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release second quarter 2014 financial results&amp;amp;lt;SU.TO&amp;amp;gt;","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Work (physics); Term (time); Energy consumption","score_opus":0.02617603726598986,"score_gpt":0.2868780354426547,"score_spread":0.26070199817666484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7043591697","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008656201,0.00021150857,0.0010188346,0.0028816152,0.002357639,0.00012612928,0.0055654612,0.0026527082,0.9843205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0026584761,0.00012829578,0.00024818024,0.00046747012,0.00020318391,0.000031260726,0.0022755086,0.0008834636,0.99310416],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987179,0.000045420053,0.00002291552,0.000087768974,0.00097613665,0.00014987681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759907,0.00016631953,0.00007065357,0.00025676703,0.0014707724,0.00043652646],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011349553,0.00088630343,0.0005036564,0.0017230888,0.0019560487,0.005541807,0.00096068374,0.0020306208,0.65803015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0043893033,0.00047757474,0.0006538364,0.0011332207,0.00060290325,0.0025304265,0.0016134906,0.0026503077,0.50521225],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043448734,0.000030713254,0.00009989822,0.000030487232,0.0000021706019,0.000024463747,0.00001006334,0.00005182933,0.00025911132,0.0026856477,0.97804445,0.018717673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017110628,0.000025347457,0.00040550675,0.00002762557,0.0000022537306,0.000027378741,0.000029521576,0.00018219945,0.0006519234,0.0011471625,0.9974763,0.000007805277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00883279,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019632032,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34196985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019553143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0035019873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48777848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7071270244","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release third quarter 2014 financial results - Commodities (COMMODIT) News","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Term (time); Production (economics); Energy consumption; Consumption (sociology)","score_opus":0.01938855443294068,"score_gpt":0.26358863596970705,"score_spread":0.24420008153676637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7071270244","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010053195,0.00077439426,0.000513373,0.013438347,0.011479907,0.000088768866,0.006289561,0.0017031566,0.96470714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0029027436,0.00038647628,0.00017165308,0.0025472331,0.0009409855,0.000028382909,0.0022092904,0.00062814297,0.990185],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879223,0.00005594301,0.000023623037,0.00006831858,0.00085269473,0.00020716323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99843186,0.00021186142,0.00006808174,0.0001324142,0.00084102486,0.0003147431],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011291809,0.00086934137,0.00049234304,0.0016656124,0.0019538112,0.0075631873,0.00082208595,0.0032932502,0.46619242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005373417,0.00037751754,0.00073701795,0.0011169529,0.00067527726,0.00318507,0.0016401277,0.0040181573,0.24345654],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025752528,0.000012869752,0.000048248246,0.000015765883,0.0000011149792,0.000018757584,0.0000054704997,0.00001742839,0.000051048737,0.0022855569,0.9899711,0.007546997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012841688,0.000013449069,0.0003476368,0.000039925686,0.0000018402983,0.00001672216,0.000029304956,0.00008791415,0.00022042594,0.0012825117,0.9979401,0.000007336636],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011464781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02149713,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46619242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022940668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003085346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7614117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7071681027","doi":"","title":"Suncor Energy to release second quarter 2014 financial results - Commodities (COMMODIT) News","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"other","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Energy (signal processing); Financial market; Production (economics); Energy consumption; Term (time)","score_opus":0.01796780286971007,"score_gpt":0.25813742325040573,"score_spread":0.24016962038069567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7071681027","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0010955302,0.0008093996,0.0004995739,0.013923721,0.012520843,0.00009332694,0.0070721214,0.0016763466,0.96230906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0029627874,0.0003811379,0.00016459961,0.0024882364,0.0010013989,0.000028536831,0.0023891332,0.00060204184,0.9899822],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988192,0.00005340952,0.000023299715,0.00006799088,0.00083154626,0.00020446253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99846077,0.00020627883,0.000067518704,0.00012452996,0.0008254467,0.00031553692],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001097113,0.00088375923,0.0004997715,0.0017152147,0.0019224882,0.007515595,0.00081769127,0.0032539107,0.46233672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005248878,0.00037538615,0.0007285525,0.0011258416,0.00063783134,0.0031980188,0.001623331,0.004004601,0.23560975],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026834869,0.0000128807305,0.00005061647,0.00001592241,0.0000011533396,0.000019746902,0.000005292304,0.00001846456,0.000051084004,0.0021204252,0.9904207,0.0072567496],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013803471,0.0000145231415,0.00040436664,0.00003971756,0.0000019760598,0.000017545304,0.000029936562,0.00009422577,0.00023155067,0.0012448037,0.9978999,0.00000768284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011441097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02214898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9885589,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023048094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003003168,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7669114},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7083578569","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120565","title":"Advancing predictive modeling in conventional solar stills: a deep learning approach leveraging data augmentation and convolutional neural networks","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy Conversion and Management","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia; King Abdulaziz University","keywords":"Kriging; Convolutional neural network; Gaussian process; Artificial neural network; Hyperparameter; Deep learning; Multilayer perceptron; Mean squared error; Kernel (algebra)","score_opus":0.02581129381472135,"score_gpt":0.26817967649926466,"score_spread":0.2423683826845433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7083578569","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.042529337,0.00073095935,0.95082897,0.00047631774,0.00012112105,0.000030471454,0.0003857068,0.0013807352,0.0035164184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.89836663,0.00051927933,0.09313322,0.00027223016,0.00012647003,0.00006236199,0.0008096934,0.00018378744,0.006526363],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985516,0.000022898575,0.000007127751,0.0000526667,0.000042712498,0.000019417985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951947,0.00026340055,0.00003840488,0.00006482149,0.000093095456,0.000020943571],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045525472,0.0007611865,0.00068750547,0.00039928767,0.00033478567,0.00095244177,0.001197457,0.00087461807,0.002214721],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00155166,0.00050614984,0.0006198549,0.0006114187,0.00039360166,0.0016043703,0.00079201855,0.0017272045,0.0006020574],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006663414,0.00006798455,0.0012262599,0.000059915987,0.00003354904,0.000047930458,0.00003302816,0.9110432,0.0022597904,0.0029789365,0.0019243433,0.0802585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.300875e-7,0.0000023770008,0.000051187522,0.000001648568,0.0000013373218,0.0000015255341,0.0000017298589,0.99879503,0.00019073981,0.0008180925,0.00013452704,0.0000010591755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013735563,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019281622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013735563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057071814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007988144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027311206},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7084274549","doi":"","title":"Preface","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"TU/e Research Portal","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Anna University; University of Waterloo; University of California, Irvine; Universität Salzburg; Aalborg Universitet; Dalhousie University; Oulun Yliopisto; Technische Universiteit Eindhoven; Università degli Studi di Padova; University of Twente; University of Wollongong","keywords":"","score_opus":0.23527533915230345,"score_gpt":0.4458608330896949,"score_spread":0.21058549393739143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7084274549","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0015259546,0.0074784197,0.008207286,0.028458761,0.20515674,0.0008120794,0.016701145,0.0025396463,0.72912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0038431098,0.0029646854,0.0023644944,0.0047918977,0.015673937,0.00029604658,0.008689904,0.0007819831,0.960594],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899215,0.00014794432,0.00006198399,0.0001452962,0.0005596416,0.000093040566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932679,0.0008553374,0.00019047574,0.0005894339,0.004130857,0.0009660296],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001884059,0.0008566517,0.00057853624,0.0028963126,0.0023286573,0.003479472,0.0012147276,0.0011183636,0.540875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.012733517,0.00028050234,0.0005285056,0.0018532985,0.00049131823,0.0023263067,0.002106885,0.0026065921,0.40707782],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025750123,0.000019560013,0.00008921374,0.00006938735,0.0000012844891,0.00002845431,0.000045433142,0.000037942496,0.00010366943,0.0029591327,0.9589567,0.037663586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034316602,0.000011122451,0.00024856746,0.00008238608,0.00000110109,0.000032789838,0.00006112548,0.000017784883,0.00009244234,0.001435902,0.9980096,0.0000037796137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0043859375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005743157,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45912498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016547401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002403626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7100025908","doi":"","title":"(Great Britain)","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Process (computing); Identification (biology); Product (mathematics)","score_opus":0.08528767392337411,"score_gpt":0.32159346620356194,"score_spread":0.23630579228018783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7100025908","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0025304474,0.010844675,0.0008955935,0.0055568167,0.0033163456,0.000118022734,0.01079377,0.0008573764,0.96508694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0041949684,0.0020349931,0.000674405,0.0006216253,0.00014719722,0.00003114066,0.0029399423,0.00022450868,0.98913133],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918586,0.000060906703,0.000060106366,0.00026324534,0.00031140915,0.00011843905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993216,0.00006917754,0.00005484369,0.00009549205,0.00034725474,0.00011168965],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047672604,0.0012375225,0.00065038557,0.0017506434,0.0022288244,0.004420306,0.0009345636,0.0018849749,0.56369215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013382337,0.00041749224,0.0005477392,0.002502425,0.0005651386,0.0017245321,0.0017477018,0.0018733026,0.3791959],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012635287,0.000039081606,0.0012077672,0.0003302784,0.000018063922,0.0005449776,0.00023984925,0.00012838328,0.001099963,0.019099746,0.78337365,0.19379199],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000044110498,0.0000065514428,0.0009861714,0.000038425584,0.0000013564339,0.00011615811,0.00006465167,0.000013265236,0.000077689576,0.00018644244,0.99850214,0.0000028007069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.027089717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.048601758,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43630785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002855312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0030109647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6223402},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7105981367","doi":"10.7939/83478","title":"Interfacial Evaporation Systems for Volumetric Reduction of Complex Particle-laden Suspensions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"University of Alberta Library","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dewatering; Evaporation; Renewable energy; Evaporator; Tailings; Brine; Moisture; Wastewater","score_opus":0.03585224660252752,"score_gpt":0.25965794209848464,"score_spread":0.22380569549595714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7105981367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8341107,0.013865729,0.13899116,0.0004983158,0.0002467942,0.0003473802,0.00035654736,0.0011221294,0.010461222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9525331,0.0068435757,0.031008163,0.00016633586,0.00005726592,0.0002682545,0.00025935285,0.00009573259,0.008768319],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997657,0.000024534795,0.000017723614,0.00006045407,0.00009378412,0.000037793972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99992335,0.000021827054,0.000022733328,0.000005704281,0.000019278057,0.000007094666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024048665,0.00038530582,0.00043262632,0.00024393959,0.00019199084,0.00040931124,0.00034968168,0.00040352865,0.0009302886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002059153,0.00023238396,0.0004005265,0.00025709442,0.0001402622,0.0005754966,0.0005617579,0.0009447293,0.0005356511],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029710818,0.000055566117,0.0000854259,0.0002569361,0.000010691723,0.000035961202,0.000056378973,0.0006192016,0.9873855,0.00050350383,0.00023583473,0.010725401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000075057415,0.00015954667,0.00031359235,0.000012712123,0.000012133637,0.000039889863,0.000018603783,0.0049942834,0.9885557,0.00006262165,0.0058126156,0.000010791397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030288676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006867046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009302886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026964466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015337508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0031120777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7114923527","doi":"10.17863/cam.123904","title":"Floatable carbon nitride-plastic composite for paired photocatalysis at the liquid-liquid interface","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Cambridge Trust; Royal Academy of Engineering; UK Research and Innovation","keywords":"Photocatalysis; Carbon fibers; Composite number; Aqueous solution; Catalysis; Fabrication; Biomass (ecology); Lignin","score_opus":0.01395890983350662,"score_gpt":0.244408221236668,"score_spread":0.23044931140316138,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7114923527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95833486,0.0015607903,0.03119303,0.00012982353,0.00019324767,0.00008331199,0.00020997413,0.00036383007,0.007931111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97273016,0.0004518682,0.017160269,0.00006909131,0.000020121794,0.00005116042,0.00015845594,0.000056705187,0.009302103],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985206,0.000011349634,0.0000063492867,0.00004846777,0.000054506458,0.000027342772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999926,0.000018854857,0.000015905192,0.00000875948,0.000017720473,0.000012782045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017785856,0.00029769752,0.00018048192,0.00021267371,0.00022909023,0.00023835847,0.00034940196,0.00043994313,0.0017088368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014070628,0.00017561424,0.00019946117,0.0001320314,0.00015142061,0.00039273282,0.00027271177,0.0004270316,0.00052739447],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037728383,0.000010415914,0.000026805197,0.00003036025,0.000002165591,0.00001654693,0.0000050855415,0.00009608487,0.9979231,0.00008836075,0.000049233848,0.0017142014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026424043,0.000047377333,0.00019104776,0.0000013996707,0.0000024608717,0.000024483934,0.0000027773249,0.0009780171,0.9981205,0.000009686498,0.00061710714,0.000002532838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045580094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016940879,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0017088368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032170294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017438979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005716622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7115730924","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2025.119786","title":"Closed-loop air recirculation architecture for alkaline urine dehydration and water recovery using regenerable superabsorbent polymers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Desalination","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Metabolomics Innovation Centre; Tezpur University; HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme; Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet; Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Alkalinity; Dehydration; Evaporation; Superabsorbent polymer; Desiccant; Moisture; Nitrogen; Potassium; Sodium","score_opus":0.022967086017840543,"score_gpt":0.2942239427314521,"score_spread":0.27125685671361155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7115730924","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9521759,0.0008548539,0.044903334,0.00007655384,0.00005596474,0.00010402995,0.00018023753,0.00067633664,0.00097272923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9721796,0.00041893963,0.024193091,0.000070953,0.000023149847,0.00010198113,0.00012521363,0.00007826722,0.00280893],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980456,0.000026392041,0.000009144857,0.000052972457,0.00007525272,0.000031709827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998745,0.000034985096,0.00003421716,0.000011058478,0.000028798902,0.000016431608],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023650714,0.0004296391,0.0002722631,0.00018990798,0.00013390472,0.0002800793,0.0004629492,0.00032537006,0.0011242898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026174073,0.00017689317,0.000277622,0.00011821788,0.00023984117,0.00049849524,0.0002991705,0.00038288292,0.00043796544],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006424099,0.000018064597,0.000055383094,0.000048703718,0.0000031883992,0.000022733186,0.000012545686,0.00016745378,0.99696726,0.000032711694,0.000037578542,0.0025700768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009562575,0.00026037727,0.0006849852,0.000002811333,0.000007172304,0.00007836209,0.000010945338,0.0024988828,0.9950323,0.000026469548,0.0013774016,0.000010772902],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027975824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045721894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0011242898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018097166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000170638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037611127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117539303","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104460","title":"Experimental investigation and performance optimization of a double slope solar still integrated with nanoparticles in phase change materials","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Solar still; Exergy; Sustainability; Solar energy; Payback period; Exergy efficiency; Distilled water; Nanofluid; Photovoltaic system","score_opus":0.028753645336592467,"score_gpt":0.28472634841965283,"score_spread":0.25597270308306036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117539303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976234,0.00009473461,0.0013809917,0.000015872332,0.0000100587295,0.000040987536,0.00020990129,0.000047075064,0.0005769443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99614704,0.00011706278,0.0026248451,0.000010522114,0.000002340493,0.00004134523,0.00015507457,0.000013180066,0.0008885379],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998141,0.0000122767515,0.00001504443,0.000058300328,0.00006567679,0.000034661323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998338,0.000026934651,0.00002671131,0.000022707394,0.00006707517,0.000022658724],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002211164,0.00055056094,0.0005087051,0.00021059152,0.00022014472,0.00030902552,0.00043071187,0.00067119725,0.0013842843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002257719,0.00020147159,0.00051175593,0.0003831082,0.00020469459,0.00028625742,0.0002015296,0.00034376097,0.00023997316],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025318502,0.0001406149,0.0005382607,0.00017405933,0.00001650185,0.0000711374,0.00003276184,0.004964754,0.99083394,0.000036832636,0.00008734975,0.002850579],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000035039597,0.001984871,0.004089871,0.000005537332,0.000032191943,0.0000313678,0.00004708663,0.01000786,0.9829715,0.000015870268,0.00076612056,0.000012654595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016394538,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030995703,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0016394538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003466113,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002337798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0046309233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117759018","doi":"10.1016/j.rser.2025.116670","title":"Solar interfacial evaporators: from regulatory mechanisms to emerging applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National University's Basic Research Foundation of China; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Desalination; Evaporation; Solar energy; Renewable energy; Concentrated solar power; Process (computing)","score_opus":0.013563173418364716,"score_gpt":0.2840618882493318,"score_spread":0.2704987148309671,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117759018","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0023522358,0.9899989,0.0027633647,0.0013399646,0.000524539,0.000008606176,0.000022461314,0.000027540105,0.0029624884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.017658265,0.97884583,0.0008275717,0.0003297287,0.00034596637,0.000014996345,0.00003269199,0.000007574179,0.0019372674],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999731,0.000042774005,0.000021361267,0.000058565187,0.00010213151,0.000044235283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963295,0.00021227758,0.000041879335,0.000016417804,0.00007568657,0.000020853844],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009192235,0.000688613,0.00073231803,0.000518056,0.0002489682,0.0018926502,0.0010671776,0.001059747,0.0018610877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006506215,0.00034397273,0.00032102893,0.00075511733,0.00114677,0.0023815574,0.00073214533,0.001725593,0.00066144613],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023554785,0.00021065837,0.0006166262,0.020990074,0.00011469692,0.00025910558,0.0003390299,0.002435696,0.09487315,0.07008621,0.017064817,0.7927744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000042841708,0.00030917273,0.001675833,0.0022103176,0.000120782126,0.00045385913,0.00042669254,0.0019807832,0.06370418,0.020862544,0.9081588,0.000054189593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043219866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00075167906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0018926502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006400897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006287801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006226003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117981808","doi":"10.1007/978-981-96-7826-6_14","title":"Cold Climate Aquaculture in a Greenhouse Integrated with Thin-Film Photovoltaic and Earth Air Heat Exchanger","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"Springer proceedings in energy","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Greenhouse; Heat exchanger; Photovoltaic system; Airflow; Geothermal energy; Thermal; Solar energy; Greenhouse gas; Geothermal gradient","score_opus":0.012848042705180859,"score_gpt":0.22924411352308094,"score_spread":0.21639607081790008,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117981808","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5662187,0.020795485,0.12575236,0.001197143,0.0022568812,0.0001567832,0.0006151771,0.0021298237,0.28087765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.59419423,0.009907709,0.056359094,0.00028563236,0.00018663754,0.000092160306,0.00041984877,0.00033151728,0.3382231],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999633,0.0000028849363,0.000001021754,0.000010936911,0.000017334974,0.0000045842526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99998665,0.0000043505665,8.987779e-7,0.0000018056594,0.0000038495577,0.000002448137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011050481,0.00024053437,0.00021367577,0.00017076789,0.0003307163,0.0005806097,0.00033876364,0.0004112945,0.0033861287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032680848,0.00012990367,0.00039292497,0.00023233345,0.0001615843,0.00060025597,0.0002916299,0.00043390272,0.00078880315],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020274898,0.00018552864,0.0012945744,0.00034915697,0.000023407065,0.0008229989,0.00017414047,0.011706514,0.8041045,0.008267782,0.006673263,0.1661954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000061892555,0.0010643285,0.009890723,0.00016719296,0.00011054954,0.001118132,0.0005063564,0.041213922,0.6176921,0.00921734,0.31888643,0.00007100179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008241322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023091193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0033861287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021955173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002885393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0113277435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7133076206","doi":"","title":"The Effect of Ambient Humidity on Evaporation of Ethanol-Water Solutions","year":2024,"lang":"","type":"dissertation","venue":"TSpace","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Evaporation; Relative humidity; Humidity; Evaporative cooler; Critical relative humidity; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Air humidity; Mass transfer","score_opus":0.035703276146570505,"score_gpt":0.3763758535295859,"score_spread":0.34067257738301543,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7133076206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912458,0.0018358125,0.003654537,0.000029324703,0.00004413551,0.000075154254,0.00027216953,0.000057175977,0.0027857483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931471,0.0014400147,0.003323605,0.000030331617,0.000012661004,0.00005236981,0.00023697209,0.000040563962,0.0017163967],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996402,0.000061923616,0.000025572399,0.000068883164,0.00014231399,0.000061066276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965537,0.00017889436,0.000035347606,0.000027425236,0.00008141164,0.000021500648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037478455,0.0003527862,0.00038864938,0.0001603078,0.00022394955,0.0002976589,0.00021974102,0.00020511814,0.0008848154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006294777,0.0002243094,0.00022173519,0.0002420516,0.00018938756,0.00028991417,0.0001814681,0.00038501353,0.00024068967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003798585,0.000052790063,0.0008721574,0.00010809621,0.000012959717,0.000056417466,0.00006657982,0.00027203205,0.99317825,0.000039871637,0.00004545778,0.004915648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000064330484,0.00027475695,0.003586623,0.0000045886527,0.000012925579,0.000024480227,0.000019411456,0.0007217024,0.9948649,0.000011704591,0.0004676879,0.000004827983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076301594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010838164,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008848154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016845539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014806984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029599667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W85240683","doi":"10.5006/c2004-04078","title":"Unique Chemistry and Control Technology Merge to Improve Cooling Water Performance and Control","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nalcor Energy (Canada); Nalco (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Merge (version control); Water chemistry; Control (management); Corrosion; Computer science; Process engineering; Chemistry; Materials science; Engineering; Metallurgy; Environmental chemistry; Artificial intelligence; Parallel computing","score_opus":0.005047552709242357,"score_gpt":0.22912363385371454,"score_spread":0.22407608114447217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W85240683","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45332766,0.0074547697,0.51100963,0.0019128368,0.0007704429,0.00033434882,0.00013345877,0.0028207134,0.022236058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7888552,0.0017634534,0.20010103,0.00050043286,0.00033957287,0.00011201383,0.00009406577,0.00014820189,0.008086026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990583,0.00010734799,0.000051059218,0.00021102391,0.00046282102,0.00010938811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995086,0.00007657155,0.000084431944,0.00008734869,0.00019757812,0.000045453155],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000983017,0.0006913326,0.0005650379,0.00089888746,0.00038168867,0.0013531329,0.00074618217,0.0007477561,0.0023302443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00083578407,0.00044196902,0.00041698435,0.00044348155,0.0007570801,0.0018255049,0.0007486944,0.00088485546,0.0005493721],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012423597,0.00024457366,0.0013542428,0.0002487388,0.00005254761,0.00013726891,0.00008738976,0.0057533034,0.8912588,0.010671177,0.0008243062,0.08924343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008501909,0.0010767349,0.002857668,0.000032829397,0.000070253795,0.00056915375,0.000040427356,0.02289729,0.93960685,0.0028041485,0.02988176,0.00007784563],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007159263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009080998,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0023302443,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00060850295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007558935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007795453},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}