{"meta":{"query_hash":"25eb2dac1311","filters":{"venue":"Acta Biotheoretica"},"cohort_total":23,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":23,"exported":23,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/25eb2dac1311","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Acta+Biotheoretica"},"results":[{"id":"W1928833134","doi":"10.1023/a:1022629004589","title":"Hyperstructures, Genome Analysis and I-Cells","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Research & Development Corporation","funders":"","keywords":"Interactome; Biology; Computational biology; Proteome; Genome; In silico; Organism; DNA replication; Transcriptome; DNA; Genetics; Gene; Gene expression","score_opus":0.007925456837028857,"score_gpt":0.23608757827710392,"score_spread":0.22816212144007506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1928833134","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00095196697,0.9865868,0.0073691923,0.00040448195,0.0007263996,0.000018745948,0.00009703836,0.00008791233,0.0037574368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00511881,0.9826041,0.006425569,0.00045235784,0.00046588207,0.000039814076,0.00026661667,0.000024764564,0.004602086],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997011,0.00004577488,0.000022019673,0.00007970842,0.0001226726,0.000028775463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997465,0.00011174589,0.00003146507,0.000024900657,0.00006234192,0.000023073002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063483993,0.0015295269,0.0019144644,0.0015650189,0.0002701884,0.0015160195,0.0020668388,0.0016164922,0.0021433167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050507294,0.00041644648,0.0004964073,0.0027632234,0.0015708138,0.0017624912,0.0008422706,0.002009909,0.0035009792],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015677855,0.00010998227,0.00019797037,0.0071770065,0.000028370021,0.0002820365,0.00009059898,0.00081511214,0.064232156,0.013999184,0.013266383,0.8996445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003204894,0.00017811412,0.0010972901,0.0008687094,0.000056806017,0.0029137111,0.00011120912,0.00073920377,0.048654437,0.011073474,0.9342234,0.00005156388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069070206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006213182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0021433167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00075388036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000536096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0071701407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965373108","doi":"10.1007/s10441-009-9091-z","title":"Editorial","year":2009,"lang":"es","type":"editorial","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Mitacs; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Philosophy of biology; Philosophy; Epistemology; Philosophy of science","score_opus":0.002410557167245302,"score_gpt":0.23148821853953347,"score_spread":0.22907766137228816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965373108","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000058228925,0.0061070295,0.00011675048,0.030726306,0.9556091,0.000028132734,0.00008240731,0.00006094168,0.0072112205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0010575114,0.005494374,0.00018482546,0.035654206,0.89880085,0.0000435886,0.00010772881,0.00006696118,0.05859006],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976782,0.00041633396,0.00026287022,0.00032781935,0.0010588104,0.00025593393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9918417,0.0019359983,0.0007731047,0.00038504333,0.0035556373,0.0015085496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0029429751,0.0020477274,0.0018525575,0.0025342167,0.0016849748,0.004035716,0.0020012856,0.007897568,0.042342927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.013867958,0.00066484447,0.001399839,0.00093858177,0.00107492,0.002147461,0.0015074427,0.008335983,0.027260154],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023877665,0.000004969724,0.000011697173,0.00007367046,0.000005677114,0.00006951386,0.00000289556,0.000009765388,0.000041551077,0.00014823627,0.9947142,0.0048939157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003451916,0.000011993154,0.00012887131,0.00011461286,0.000016694268,0.00016583042,0.000008074029,0.000044643853,0.00009077152,0.00032516458,0.9990528,0.0000059563463],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010685342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024821197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042342927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019700262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018105876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1977340197","doi":"10.1007/s10441-015-9246-z","title":"The Modellers’ Halting Foray into Ecological Theory: Or, What is This Thing Called ‘Growth Rate’?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Acadia University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Complement (music); Field (mathematics); Set (abstract data type); Computer science; Ecology; Identity (music); Mathematical economics; Mathematics; Philosophy; Biology","score_opus":0.011153741835432855,"score_gpt":0.23606492173476595,"score_spread":0.2249111798993331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977340197","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"commentary","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09657825,0.009509551,0.4595433,0.3467256,0.004566912,0.00009653374,0.00047168648,0.0011527964,0.081355385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8721655,0.005049538,0.08755819,0.017893614,0.0012862894,0.00032119107,0.0001827824,0.0012675907,0.014275241],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99335265,0.0038643721,0.00037910836,0.0009810112,0.0010827022,0.0003402568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.94966364,0.030336168,0.0030720015,0.010871542,0.0042868233,0.0017697343],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.018114695,0.0014851148,0.001995491,0.0013163472,0.0017755639,0.006550262,0.004071305,0.005311381,0.0075330357],"category_scores_gemma":[0.114218265,0.00095400837,0.001333847,0.0012386262,0.021206597,0.0320735,0.0054529742,0.011453924,0.0016519538],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008942394,0.000053250402,0.0020824987,0.0002159706,0.00009408416,0.000092420545,0.0025151733,0.009181142,0.00074330403,0.9616104,0.007569405,0.01575287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002599898,0.000025625508,0.00027790145,0.00010342573,0.000018561788,0.00009302002,0.0005124334,0.0088951755,0.0004458234,0.9781513,0.011406587,0.000044079727],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001549303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001065706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018114695,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022163487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020413771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09580082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982606753","doi":"10.1007/s10441-008-9048-7","title":"Species Richness and the Analytic Geometry of Latitudinal and Altitudinal Gradients","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Latitude; Species richness; Altitude (triangle); Geometry; Geology; Ecology; Mathematics; Geodesy; Biology","score_opus":0.007683508231907924,"score_gpt":0.20482128214427242,"score_spread":0.1971377739123645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1982606753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9255093,0.0010743185,0.06072406,0.00055152713,0.0000178697,0.000014719358,0.00036560913,0.00009715036,0.01164547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99632025,0.00025207896,0.002888858,0.00001123676,0.000012099073,0.000006099098,0.00007295868,0.000012880453,0.00042358],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99963045,0.00020825003,0.000013699487,0.00006115911,0.000044387776,0.000042123087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9900738,0.0075633014,0.0011321442,0.00045498973,0.00049354817,0.0002823003],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011412362,0.00023692987,0.000243538,0.0019692858,0.0003002566,0.0015542825,0.00029330768,0.00022146474,0.002098918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015403103,0.00030615026,0.00024101141,0.0013084593,0.001322986,0.0019328917,0.00077877106,0.00046268562,0.00023076443],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028743656,0.00005991803,0.27786517,0.00018076137,0.0003104711,0.00039612543,0.002568624,0.06746445,0.007873275,0.56699026,0.0017878659,0.07421565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000034558594,0.00007661597,0.2812674,0.000049118233,0.0001322729,0.0017729237,0.0022665858,0.15175693,0.0011228136,0.5575006,0.0039340593,0.00008606661],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025941976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018482914,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0025941976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052548916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00031251926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007021606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001131015","doi":"10.1007/s10441-013-9182-8","title":"Sampling Animal Movement Paths Causes Turn Autocorrelation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Diffusion and Search Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Discretization; Random walk; Autocorrelation; Mathematics; Sampling (signal processing); Representation (politics); Movement (music); Path (computing); Statistical physics; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Computer vision","score_opus":0.009295498535132394,"score_gpt":0.25976453360013047,"score_spread":0.25046903506499807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001131015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9474525,0.00021383853,0.049672235,0.0002661898,0.000028208104,0.0000071236354,0.000058391106,0.00028661703,0.0020148833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99748945,0.000050679515,0.0017886974,0.000020325922,0.000006843816,0.0000036071735,0.00003317579,0.000028948862,0.000578205],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999694,0.000065904926,0.000013213418,0.00009453598,0.00007221568,0.000060183633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9913421,0.00568078,0.0010737772,0.0009332325,0.00043496545,0.0005351677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072270725,0.0002373613,0.0005386313,0.0007543708,0.000414783,0.00057383016,0.00045619239,0.000526397,0.0018809572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01027777,0.0004723771,0.0004072135,0.00056126714,0.0007985024,0.00063525664,0.00068544334,0.00088319735,0.00018128633],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0023117682,0.00041650143,0.23809461,0.00032524377,0.00044314284,0.0022508942,0.0012628739,0.35005844,0.17204551,0.09758206,0.004788894,0.13042013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007118904,0.0001909443,0.117962524,0.000026784126,0.00012092515,0.0010903396,0.0002459063,0.80681616,0.018625045,0.053581115,0.0012026058,0.00006649199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040611904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0058762897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0040611904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00056884094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006605765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008075118},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003563221","doi":"10.1007/s10441-009-9085-x","title":"Computational Modelling of Protein Interactions: Energy Minimization for the Refinement and Scoring of Association Decoys","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Queen's University","funders":"University of Manitoba","keywords":"Association (psychology); Philosophy of biology; Computer science; Computational biology; Energy (signal processing); Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Biology; Mathematics; Statistics; Epistemology; Philosophy; Philosophy of science","score_opus":0.007228637076996859,"score_gpt":0.23627118925534646,"score_spread":0.2290425521783496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003563221","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3345859,0.0010775356,0.6569376,0.0005712835,0.000063212494,0.00021872306,0.00077010866,0.0018846702,0.0038909272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.73305327,0.0005725957,0.26046512,0.00016492752,0.000038140384,0.00072502194,0.001409669,0.0005743326,0.0029969453],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999411,0.00027329318,0.000027954993,0.00007061348,0.00014458083,0.00007247641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998949,0.00060254754,0.00007970035,0.00011236561,0.00014901535,0.00010751409],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017184542,0.0010642359,0.002368179,0.0006314011,0.0011386501,0.0011648468,0.0034119473,0.001688015,0.0021816243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0045280214,0.00087580393,0.0010233963,0.0010489214,0.00073297886,0.00084926304,0.001009684,0.0018788243,0.00055983255],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035359582,0.00011624191,0.0013579368,0.00012087166,0.00013263788,0.00017657573,0.00011020844,0.96995753,0.0034465143,0.0062117395,0.0011975906,0.016818529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027347685,0.000017078917,0.000118034506,0.0000039052834,0.000009718976,0.000018454071,0.000009849054,0.9981585,0.0005428122,0.0008936216,0.00019503574,0.000005625223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010919015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01408445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010919015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010398944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0024772803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021710873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005697351","doi":"10.1007/s10441-008-9062-9","title":"Study and Simulation of Reaction–Diffusion Systems Affected by Interacting Signaling Pathways","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Hopf bifurcation; Symmetry breaking; Bifurcation; Notch signaling pathway; Reaction–diffusion system; Physics; Retinoic acid; Pattern formation; Chemistry; Signal transduction; Biology; Cell biology; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.015462980132186542,"score_gpt":0.24302335920303064,"score_spread":0.2275603790708441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005697351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94834054,0.0004140182,0.041503422,0.0006333488,0.000091095906,0.000054851767,0.00015104628,0.00015976808,0.008651899],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99438393,0.00010444812,0.004079986,0.000034626057,0.000011481269,0.000032963995,0.000054682787,0.00001516398,0.0012827149],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997693,0.000077159566,0.000010736963,0.000039815804,0.00004408973,0.000058971582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983999,0.0011095838,0.00016577881,0.00007720313,0.00010234943,0.00014515233],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039813755,0.0006085481,0.0009165472,0.00065441773,0.0006532385,0.0010714042,0.0011278152,0.0018903266,0.0022192767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002532195,0.00046082307,0.0008361453,0.00042552178,0.0010363423,0.0007592899,0.00074010104,0.00094349607,0.00015824643],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000060856626,0.000063949614,0.00093985506,0.000022718868,0.000031147534,0.00009423879,0.000041564777,0.98995376,0.0021495912,0.0057737892,0.00009754343,0.0007708837],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000011181308,0.000009883254,0.000091218244,0.0000010811328,0.000003729896,0.0000049879022,0.0000070952374,0.9988411,0.00031770355,0.0006518272,0.000057201065,0.000003082182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009160607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028141995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009160607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008751195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007402478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.018214583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2006210457","doi":"10.1007/s10441-007-9007-8","title":"Classical and dynamic morphology: toward a synthesis through the space of forms","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island; Université de Montréal; Espace pour la vie","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shoot; Trichome; Biology; Morphology (biology); Botany; Plant morphology; Leafy; Phyllotaxis; Evolutionary biology; Paleontology","score_opus":0.015268657450244433,"score_gpt":0.20527247688838127,"score_spread":0.19000381943813682,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2006210457","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.048893895,0.08333345,0.55864555,0.022220057,0.001442158,0.00006011239,0.00027925332,0.00026761318,0.28485787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8103152,0.03718612,0.13124797,0.002172731,0.0027574156,0.0001696875,0.00024276518,0.00028379823,0.015624297],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840015,0.0008268392,0.00008077351,0.0003059343,0.00028453433,0.000101661106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959843,0.002378923,0.00029741824,0.00060520694,0.00048035837,0.00025377862],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030772416,0.00071593723,0.0010552277,0.0042055054,0.002044997,0.009478023,0.001672013,0.0018753267,0.0039809975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0051223026,0.00037264713,0.0007410107,0.0032929012,0.030943312,0.015024666,0.003524743,0.0032562702,0.000566597],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000050129397,0.0000026355112,0.00011118793,0.000033305772,0.0000029307305,0.000008794007,0.0005401601,0.00026335393,0.000052296546,0.9925903,0.0003291469,0.0060610236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033739007,0.0000089411615,0.00022605399,0.000041416402,0.000003782065,0.000037325826,0.00047623776,0.00089390395,0.000048096997,0.9825723,0.015680823,0.000007734892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014083735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016700283,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009478023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0024588106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001596523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017840028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2030836871","doi":"10.1007/s10441-005-2526-2","title":"Physical Entropy And The Senses","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sensation; Loudness; Stimulus (psychology); Psychophysics; Entropy (arrow of time); Perception; Mathematics; Logarithm; Stimulus modality; Sensory system; Psychology; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Neuroscience; Cognitive psychology; Thermodynamics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.007570052755577211,"score_gpt":0.2314010299819152,"score_spread":0.223830977226338,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2030836871","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24553305,0.10511153,0.1359289,0.036693074,0.0044976464,0.000050379458,0.0004870829,0.00024522052,0.4714532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9674146,0.009010082,0.0053908178,0.00079075474,0.0019072124,0.000033006214,0.00006063551,0.000031249358,0.015361589],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968064,0.00011041493,0.000016956204,0.000049885988,0.00010810606,0.00003407995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912554,0.0005178045,0.00007215961,0.00012202446,0.000093284456,0.00006915857],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007641318,0.00035810174,0.0004970358,0.001030058,0.0006780205,0.002424671,0.00041487752,0.0009262008,0.0037217564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002262173,0.00020345568,0.000307587,0.0004989578,0.0051858467,0.0034949656,0.0012935294,0.0017228797,0.00037253308],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000113985825,0.000006961643,0.00013109675,0.000025678799,0.0000069948646,0.000021259359,0.00013079232,0.0011220393,0.00041718606,0.9932162,0.00062297215,0.0042873477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021783287,0.0000041659687,0.00017678656,0.0000068948248,0.0000014684829,0.00002087375,0.000023020675,0.00084210315,0.000062678046,0.9962966,0.0025593536,0.0000038962003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004871174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034818923,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037217564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063612574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00041618652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012450457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035785221","doi":"10.1007/s10441-013-9175-7","title":"Mathematical Modeling of Respiratory System Mechanics in the Newborn Lamb","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Neonatal Respiratory Health Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Waveform; Root mean square; Mechanics; Respiratory physiology; Ventilation (architecture); Mathematics; Fluid mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Respiratory system; Thermodynamics; Medicine","score_opus":0.04255132385377016,"score_gpt":0.3335299706305735,"score_spread":0.29097864677680335,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035785221","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16642447,0.001994806,0.79869497,0.0015286113,0.00012747888,0.00010622268,0.00033902487,0.00024681198,0.030537583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9580519,0.001430429,0.016314138,0.00012014999,0.000079383855,0.00014220254,0.00009921601,0.00007483641,0.023687717],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999863,0.000049397535,0.000008018687,0.000023709264,0.00004037157,0.000015477664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998228,0.00007289843,0.00003168489,0.000013510882,0.00004216061,0.000016924832],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035408107,0.00042602647,0.0005149836,0.0004314388,0.00031644173,0.0007927147,0.0007682911,0.001164281,0.0013332082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00083306996,0.00029547667,0.0004721228,0.0002493832,0.0007096024,0.0005374508,0.00082852546,0.00052888104,0.00038949394],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004122045,0.000033407003,0.0016378468,0.00008217374,0.000024261433,0.0003098733,0.0002207745,0.94058985,0.009976606,0.039519716,0.0004988921,0.0070654983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030764647,0.000016746424,0.00046520153,0.000006854267,0.000005389363,0.000054248016,0.00003216646,0.99516255,0.00028968623,0.0032972605,0.00066027645,0.000006685509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0061196685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002986984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0061196685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053488195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007651045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012168109},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068907754","doi":"10.1007/s10441-007-9025-6","title":"Popper, Laws, and the Exclusion of Biology from Genuine Science","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of biology; Epistemology; Philosophy of science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.015196343724907465,"score_gpt":0.23462953062443861,"score_spread":0.21943318689953115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068907754","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.039078876,0.03751199,0.043138016,0.28429735,0.0013810724,0.000050660434,0.00024210714,0.00013769987,0.5941622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9149045,0.008355632,0.008410119,0.027490506,0.001904597,0.00014442374,0.00007570305,0.0001763277,0.038538292],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99585766,0.0023530328,0.00014811088,0.00065687805,0.00069433363,0.00028992756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98893785,0.00801088,0.0005280562,0.001340887,0.0008638147,0.00031858456],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007404426,0.00047595886,0.001026171,0.0020237851,0.0056188907,0.0063337306,0.0011023402,0.0053444803,0.004377103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016450614,0.0006084209,0.0006429147,0.0015173785,0.059914008,0.012328979,0.00448466,0.009735883,0.0008473562],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006048582,0.0000026615755,0.00005543754,0.000011503648,0.0000025077238,0.000013313323,0.00057629956,0.00006310917,0.000016855427,0.996842,0.001323432,0.0010868863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004946591,0.0000020082175,0.000062889456,0.000014388765,0.0000016303944,0.000013802389,0.000107164095,0.00005994084,0.00003274248,0.98644406,0.013253119,0.0000033890565],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006509031,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0054722033,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9943811,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004081835,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0036856825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03915882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070381309","doi":"10.1007/s10441-007-9014-9","title":"The Limitations of Kim’s Reductive Physicalism in Accounting for Living Systems and an Alternative Nonreductionist Ontology","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Physicalism; Reductionism; Ontology; Epistemology; Argument (complex analysis); Overdetermination; Philosophy of biology; Property (philosophy); Computer science; Philosophy; Philosophy of science; Metaphysics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.12527422005120709,"score_gpt":0.41688286227885435,"score_spread":0.29160864222764726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070381309","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0042123063,0.8355869,0.048343405,0.06039613,0.00372299,0.000049051112,0.00015185714,0.00009454885,0.047442857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1251449,0.79975945,0.042308196,0.01045159,0.007801958,0.00027194602,0.00022602231,0.00012725218,0.013908746],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981851,0.0007717713,0.000118441116,0.00020154026,0.00065255165,0.000070595306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9950088,0.0034458062,0.00023943065,0.00054196443,0.00066737307,0.00009662449],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051909927,0.0009985608,0.002148713,0.0026733303,0.0010220172,0.002476214,0.0034665584,0.0024774866,0.0032229163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0065558217,0.0005556735,0.0010127197,0.003421047,0.0106749125,0.013373433,0.0028763548,0.004866704,0.0012089821],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024419898,0.000015146848,0.00012123922,0.0017577256,0.000059113147,0.000047649606,0.00023728117,0.0005911901,0.000066882545,0.89030373,0.007206798,0.09956885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000017369486,0.000022470755,0.00027217285,0.00066982675,0.000036088124,0.000144404,0.00017114203,0.00095743925,0.00011418776,0.85323924,0.14433296,0.000022605955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031698185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041328785,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051909927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022931548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004388787,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027452946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076243732","doi":"10.1007/s10441-006-5954-8","title":"Improving Accuracy and Precision in Estimating Fractal Dimension of Animal movement paths","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture","funders":"National Science Council","keywords":"Fractal; Path (computing); Fractal dimension; Path length; Mathematics; Truncation (statistics); Range (aeronautics); Dimension (graph theory); Algorithm; Random walk; Geometry; Computer science; Statistics; Mathematical analysis; Combinatorics; Engineering","score_opus":0.004542847792438384,"score_gpt":0.22836831170009064,"score_spread":0.22382546390765226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076243732","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35836023,0.0007047186,0.6376383,0.00015827939,0.00006690808,0.000028281802,0.00025366058,0.0018458477,0.0009437563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7201318,0.00022013806,0.2783926,0.000051970197,0.000051281368,0.000030575517,0.00036528517,0.000197208,0.0005591571],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961029,0.0019279548,0.00022757721,0.00082891004,0.0007494716,0.00016312193],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9125809,0.06665002,0.0024294942,0.011019505,0.0068842326,0.00043591775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0076997266,0.000825582,0.0010515472,0.0018328627,0.0004198402,0.0016679078,0.0011744872,0.001969835,0.00081057113],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06023337,0.0006504962,0.0006973469,0.0011892657,0.0006200691,0.0018681847,0.0013900237,0.0011737847,0.00068154937],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013930838,0.00016595844,0.113686316,0.00029672123,0.00067243277,0.00015032597,0.00078986003,0.16752662,0.061886474,0.0034741561,0.0015230953,0.6484349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007887579,0.0001854282,0.068860166,0.00004429196,0.0002388227,0.00046774893,0.0000883371,0.89081603,0.032708667,0.0049202233,0.0014972185,0.000094173476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003012342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025072645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0076997266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038370438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00051866006,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.040720522},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085196408","doi":"10.1007/s10441-013-9202-8","title":"A General Method for Modeling Population Dynamics and Its Applications","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Population; Nutrient; Biology; Population growth; Reproduction; Ecology; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Asexual reproduction; Life history theory; Demography; Life history","score_opus":0.006372811200305136,"score_gpt":0.27736182598959724,"score_spread":0.2709890147892921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2085196408","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006718383,0.000088657325,0.9983606,0.000035431472,0.000035584228,0.0000142143,0.000028320426,0.00009397762,0.000671299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.059772663,0.00082647667,0.9271213,0.00015003464,0.0002596461,0.00046960358,0.00020167431,0.00043872898,0.010759912],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995943,0.00016303155,0.000021214822,0.00006956046,0.0001269772,0.000024961055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990933,0.0004576383,0.00006267017,0.00014239804,0.00018798621,0.000056099976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013350302,0.0010940759,0.0011004547,0.0010789991,0.00095993624,0.000814653,0.0021852104,0.0018172918,0.0036467074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029743214,0.00060437055,0.0017374181,0.0014762052,0.0008778751,0.0015248712,0.001380757,0.0018856281,0.0019497335],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000447518,0.000085096035,0.0007577716,0.00023011233,0.00011045039,0.00017752832,0.00017173568,0.61814123,0.0073812217,0.24956828,0.0056351568,0.11769666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008350987,0.000016359487,0.000063029984,0.000008948022,0.000011273893,0.0000546362,0.000005934695,0.94710046,0.00041125115,0.0471454,0.005160779,0.000013552082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003706714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028803456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003706714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00044928395,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011103315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012199461},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092069015","doi":"10.1007/s10441-008-9056-7","title":"Natural Kinds in Evolution and Systematics: Metaphysical and Epistemological Considerations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphysics; Epistemology; Natural (archaeology); Natural kind; Context (archaeology); Property (philosophy); Perspective (graphical); Focus (optics); Philosophy; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.0313260888546474,"score_gpt":0.2121895634930104,"score_spread":0.180863474638363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2092069015","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08988908,0.06773749,0.2712984,0.26545197,0.0017540046,0.00012738301,0.0004980723,0.00025516492,0.30298844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9477228,0.010746738,0.030485176,0.004017737,0.002232735,0.00018237716,0.00014029491,0.000096933145,0.0043751244],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99595296,0.0025820564,0.00022689808,0.00033222404,0.00065754517,0.00024840416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9777759,0.018198326,0.00083335064,0.0013657184,0.0012113368,0.0006153571],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.012941567,0.0005587714,0.0020571463,0.0051408354,0.0048784837,0.009193742,0.0029676487,0.007926271,0.008551908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014793481,0.00080686784,0.000986268,0.0040838476,0.053106632,0.022546351,0.0042400286,0.0071643046,0.00060219195],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005501789,0.0000070749816,0.00007923071,0.000023813958,0.0000042150946,0.000010725994,0.00023961751,0.00018712666,0.000019460256,0.9979253,0.00022648029,0.0012715835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004524834,0.0000024294918,0.00012887488,0.000019766752,0.0000024214562,0.000018464287,0.00018486886,0.00032392223,0.000015238174,0.9978161,0.0014798023,0.0000035892003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030751857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042229285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.99512154,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0038019323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0023742737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.068442404},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2163148561","doi":"10.1007/s10441-009-9092-y","title":"A Tissue-Level Electromechanical Model of the Left Ventricle: Application to the Analysis of Intraventricular Pressure","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","field":"Medicine","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Montreal Clinical Research Institute; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Ventricle; Afterload; Ventricular pressure; Bond graph; Biomedical engineering; Computer science; Materials science; Physics; Hemodynamics; Internal medicine; Mathematics; Medicine","score_opus":0.006184777413846768,"score_gpt":0.25033962945889277,"score_spread":0.244154852045046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2163148561","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03510862,0.00027987533,0.96024585,0.00033915954,0.00007044979,0.000032523978,0.000058445545,0.00013490951,0.00373004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8932246,0.0011096424,0.09609213,0.00018464476,0.00015595608,0.00017105667,0.0000998909,0.00008871206,0.008873351],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999156,0.000024234258,0.000005405177,0.000019813748,0.000026950573,0.0000080162035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99985766,0.00006835741,0.0000150195965,0.000012305665,0.000029511593,0.000017100847],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022754312,0.00055884046,0.0006076203,0.00025070587,0.00030821844,0.0007235704,0.0008913819,0.0015062906,0.0011304225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00062419235,0.0002877561,0.000601405,0.00029437448,0.00051804,0.0005918719,0.00062096835,0.0006927001,0.0003633195],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002344475,0.000057774807,0.0005133513,0.00006598907,0.000031254825,0.0003909222,0.00011511893,0.93373966,0.034176227,0.02078385,0.00039123622,0.009711104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000033945005,0.000020977239,0.00010957254,0.0000019282677,0.0000044075223,0.000039850802,0.0000076051224,0.99766374,0.0003068709,0.0015924801,0.00024556884,0.0000036566905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015479502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013359803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0015479502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023591956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004800386,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0037816763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2538995293","doi":"10.1007/s10441-016-9295-y","title":"Recursive Model Identification for the Evaluation of Baroreflex Sensitivity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Baroreflex; Sensitivity (control systems); Estimator; Identification (biology); Vasodilation; Medicine; Mathematics; Anesthesia; Internal medicine; Statistics; Blood pressure; Biology; Heart rate; Engineering","score_opus":0.05061267121706297,"score_gpt":0.3456722618971522,"score_spread":0.29505959068008925,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2538995293","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02844613,0.00014815254,0.9702092,0.000035296023,0.000012352715,0.000022718215,0.000045897614,0.00051892333,0.0005613715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8680136,0.00014411527,0.12939359,0.00002501121,0.000014986653,0.00013691995,0.00017166518,0.00014862519,0.0019514665],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967086,0.00015984947,0.000016156393,0.00005850947,0.0000618147,0.00003272735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989716,0.0007775873,0.000050020473,0.00006283488,0.00012317488,0.000014820344],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007205368,0.00068341184,0.0009006007,0.00042624708,0.00029338824,0.000647626,0.000549967,0.00073108624,0.0015523406],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0044299234,0.0004176857,0.00049731275,0.0002857091,0.00021859318,0.0005277953,0.0005263426,0.0008677387,0.0005020356],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012041067,0.00005578956,0.0009160619,0.00007021811,0.00007049812,0.000049473925,0.00006908328,0.9151963,0.0075507862,0.005078026,0.0003879218,0.070435375],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024775277,0.0000101219175,0.00016928416,0.0000023889584,0.0000035567246,0.000003957326,0.0000019787187,0.9987205,0.00044485036,0.0005833926,0.000054220414,0.000003317955],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01250464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01097966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01250464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045435532,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00084537186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02486372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964487011","doi":"10.1007/s10441-019-09351-1","title":"On the Effect of Age-Dependent Mortality on the Stability of a System of Delay-Differential Equations Modeling Erythropoiesis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; McGill University Health Centre; McGill University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Erythropoiesis; Stability (learning theory); Delay differential equation; Mathematics; Applied mathematics; Differential equation; Ordinary differential equation; Mathematical analysis; Medicine; Internal medicine; Computer science; Anemia","score_opus":0.0308516946373651,"score_gpt":0.28942257126113347,"score_spread":0.2585708766237684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964487011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8206434,0.0022701072,0.16351238,0.002499579,0.00030266476,0.00006761561,0.0003312603,0.00017104294,0.010201915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941677,0.0006064472,0.0020882112,0.000070710754,0.00005695624,0.000016198721,0.00005052534,0.000021711745,0.0029214984],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996656,0.00015949002,0.000013597089,0.00006247972,0.000032299075,0.00006656871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.989028,0.008942956,0.00083750475,0.00018143878,0.00065630826,0.00035380348],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002006819,0.0007251322,0.00098602,0.0007367648,0.0005579508,0.0013648161,0.0007908296,0.0014840093,0.0031221698],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016792258,0.00027009184,0.00091949763,0.000256257,0.0014517717,0.0008771076,0.0012553547,0.0012611769,0.00016483942],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042524008,0.00012577519,0.0064930203,0.00025687495,0.0001639725,0.00059896306,0.00029990682,0.9251796,0.012455024,0.046860266,0.0007894766,0.006351941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001669814,0.000112084475,0.001800618,0.00001597305,0.00006438772,0.000052340114,0.000038358452,0.99140036,0.00088909356,0.0053872257,0.00020116934,0.000021756125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005421202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025728424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005421202,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007356348,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00071373105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010779262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3217090169","doi":"10.1007/s10441-021-09432-0","title":"The Indeterminacy Bottleneck: Implications for Habitable Worlds","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tellabs (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical evolution; Abiogenesis; Convergent evolution; Indeterminacy (philosophy); Biological evolution; Evolutionary biology; Astrobiology; Ecology; Biology; Computer science; Epistemology; Phylogenetics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.009049320261043506,"score_gpt":0.27319195433619575,"score_spread":0.26414263407515226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3217090169","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37799114,0.002427731,0.44949588,0.025568025,0.000485057,0.00012437055,0.00092946074,0.00088523125,0.14209309],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786829,0.0005731263,0.015606275,0.0005500118,0.0002411998,0.00010482844,0.00017150097,0.00012320574,0.003947167],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981077,0.00066056335,0.00009954192,0.00051855185,0.00036609385,0.0002474992],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.96588546,0.023393327,0.0017540359,0.005316396,0.0018414704,0.0018093043],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0048070415,0.000504603,0.0017455112,0.0012320551,0.0023757515,0.0059007336,0.0020929219,0.002392391,0.011001481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04434522,0.0006714794,0.00096011267,0.0011747339,0.008958163,0.016538404,0.0039019366,0.0050799693,0.0008176309],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001871153,0.000013952585,0.00045537323,0.000025471596,0.0000071854565,0.00006316178,0.00015497743,0.0022696438,0.0001969987,0.99364316,0.0007196855,0.0024317282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000070165615,0.0000034923528,0.00019152324,0.000005592666,0.0000023399057,0.00003705448,0.000043072127,0.0058920025,0.000050953746,0.99318063,0.000580179,0.0000062673253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016134337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009793536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011001481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016346882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014230595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036803603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200533665","doi":"10.1007/s10441-021-09426-y","title":"The $$a$$-Wave of the Electroretinogram and Iron-Induced Oxidative Stress: A Model","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Retinal Development and Disorders","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Calcium; Ion; Biophysics; Chemistry; Visual phototransduction; Amplitude; Oxidative stress; Biochemistry; Physics; Optics; Biology; Retinal","score_opus":0.0068066385815838395,"score_gpt":0.22156016067445047,"score_spread":0.21475352209286663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200533665","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.44959527,0.045066603,0.2922653,0.047829367,0.0070249187,0.0013887449,0.0023419913,0.0008691012,0.15361877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8961464,0.017467044,0.049056288,0.003472727,0.001525863,0.00083615055,0.0005986996,0.00007275508,0.030824145],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99979323,0.000062568615,0.000019831396,0.00005415198,0.000039243183,0.00003110891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999729,0.00008555734,0.00005347637,0.000046582245,0.000027751697,0.000057590772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048482593,0.0011839777,0.0004923229,0.001333878,0.00054470415,0.0011050106,0.0016155298,0.0019280711,0.0037323178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063762744,0.0002175212,0.0007004207,0.00044173608,0.0018209509,0.0015599041,0.0010258997,0.0019803396,0.00084736024],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021351944,0.0024931014,0.009794342,0.0011034935,0.00021472668,0.012683047,0.0006554139,0.004624248,0.21664986,0.6445643,0.01886964,0.08621276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011174248,0.005177471,0.022429338,0.0006483567,0.0004208931,0.051529933,0.0014085918,0.06787945,0.06194087,0.68538636,0.10174101,0.000320406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00095378474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00067102775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037323178,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005390029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007437514,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012485862},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200597403","doi":"10.1007/s10441-021-09425-z","title":"Host Manipulation Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Naval Academy; York University","keywords":"Philosophy of biology; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Host (biology); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Biology; Virology; Medicine; Ecology; Philosophy of science; Philosophy; Epistemology; Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score_opus":0.05597147447935885,"score_gpt":0.3003818123938919,"score_spread":0.24441033791453304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200597403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97179836,0.0067008943,0.01101544,0.00043440744,0.00014823127,0.000055711815,0.00030329113,0.00012965313,0.009413967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905627,0.0017858502,0.002199715,0.00010314089,0.00001793498,0.000020374035,0.00019094539,0.00001489536,0.00510444],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998522,0.000020645866,0.0000067669657,0.000027098755,0.000043066135,0.000050221755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99994993,0.000006716351,0.000018184162,0.0000069586767,0.000009411552,0.000008760776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014922884,0.000454333,0.00021198296,0.00019197949,0.0002358188,0.0006276162,0.00020295173,0.0003548529,0.0014131187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008931842,0.00010597164,0.00024670636,0.00007794926,0.0002981244,0.00043854755,0.00031558398,0.00051740016,0.00039331886],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007862086,0.000019317687,0.00017572734,0.000026416794,0.0000039835422,0.00007575879,0.000016669144,0.00013580905,0.9963019,0.0014216185,0.00007268635,0.0016714504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001468083,0.00036117286,0.0044300915,0.000017359162,0.000019829056,0.00054758065,0.00011735121,0.0058662454,0.980899,0.00074340956,0.006969223,0.000013977493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052099256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000595516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014131187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004910848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022253238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004727304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4291168070","doi":"10.1007/s10441-022-09446-2","title":"Inferential Pluralism in Causal Reasoning from Randomized Experiments","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Causal inference; Causation; Epistemology; Inference; Causal reasoning; Randomized experiment; Philosophy of biology; Pluralism (philosophy); Philosophy of science; Interpretation (philosophy); Causality (physics); Argument (complex analysis); Causal model; Psychology; Computer science; Mathematics; Econometrics; Cognition; Philosophy; Medicine; Statistics","score_opus":0.012389250828399317,"score_gpt":0.2586665956058779,"score_spread":0.2462773447774786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4291168070","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015165916,0.001681056,0.96691114,0.008660971,0.0002778304,0.00010899072,0.00016909365,0.00015173119,0.006873205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.59809667,0.0016439776,0.39134768,0.0027490738,0.0016286254,0.00079026714,0.0002737052,0.00014996706,0.00332003],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.8793564,0.0949842,0.004536086,0.009785475,0.00982012,0.0015177599],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.41055965,0.55633307,0.007846697,0.019521303,0.0040133693,0.0017258587],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.12341534,0.0018434839,0.005626646,0.0037010587,0.0030852184,0.008438506,0.006506541,0.006963571,0.007903245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.30361086,0.0029328275,0.0044600833,0.002930624,0.023475947,0.028919542,0.008069236,0.012158424,0.0006705975],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013882112,0.0000456571,0.0003084005,0.000247067,0.00013297691,0.00009013969,0.0003174597,0.005202091,0.00010550808,0.98482794,0.000564873,0.008019041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002211186,0.0000060647544,0.000036124533,0.000011436506,0.0000138182995,0.000018262679,0.00001007199,0.007955775,0.000048747595,0.9916346,0.00023752301,0.0000056272515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019772593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017831968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87658465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0049897972,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0042132046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.65269053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408884932","doi":"10.1007/s10441-025-09495-3","title":"How Physical Information Underlies Causation and the Emergence of Systems at all Biological Levels","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Biotheoretica","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Causation; Epistemology; Cybernetics; Philosophy of biology; CLARITY; Cognitive science; Philosophy of science; Computer science; Inference; Action (physics); Information theory; Physical system; Information structure; Data science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Biology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.018047973787090683,"score_gpt":0.21685896252552989,"score_spread":0.1988109887384392,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408884932","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04721325,0.014246438,0.7372002,0.04354545,0.0015899895,0.00024286746,0.0003960243,0.00044110915,0.15512475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8770465,0.008210619,0.09950909,0.002641873,0.001058643,0.0003988042,0.00024494607,0.00014853162,0.01074092],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9953235,0.0018457568,0.00028499158,0.000969414,0.0011327704,0.00044356924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98853415,0.007433425,0.00095629017,0.0017362892,0.0009813047,0.00035854522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0065663927,0.00072573294,0.0010172859,0.0029518676,0.0025498935,0.007589087,0.001729527,0.0031741927,0.0060998914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015296942,0.0007112737,0.0014525958,0.0015866463,0.02332805,0.0149853965,0.004195752,0.004246353,0.0008204663],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007116976,0.000008518726,0.00045464953,0.000076456425,0.00002307504,0.00012485946,0.00048165905,0.0019153804,0.00024248518,0.9912464,0.0005058804,0.004913544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000041304775,0.000008341169,0.00029333722,0.000028285514,0.000008584993,0.000091876886,0.00012407952,0.001364759,0.00011195848,0.99294126,0.005011502,0.00001199124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031072441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019733638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007589087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0025118934,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025210201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0347268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}