{"meta":{"query_hash":"816aae6b72d5","filters":{"venue":"African Security"},"cohort_total":26,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":26,"exported":26,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/816aae6b72d5","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=African+Security"},"results":[{"id":"W1863705580","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2015.1069118","title":"Piracy in the Horn of Africa Waters: Definitions, History, and Modern Causes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Maritime Security and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Qatar National Research Fund","keywords":"Somali; International waters; Grievance; French horn; Political science; Territorial waters; Maritime security; Statelessness; Terrorism; International community; Sovereignty; Criminology; Law; International law; Sociology; Nationality; Politics","score_opus":0.10077078931714936,"score_gpt":0.2696249411348273,"score_spread":0.16885415181767796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1863705580","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3113511,0.007295298,0.000012726795,0.0025075455,0.0002496677,0.0003275703,0.00003712154,0.00006188604,0.6781571],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99923223,0.00023243282,0.000072759096,0.00017137715,0.00006839164,0.00001749335,0.0000033649014,0.0000055871137,0.00019637152],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858284,0.00045428087,0.0001829054,0.00017300165,0.00036798202,0.00023899926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993352,0.00019901308,0.000079325415,0.00018942532,0.0000826024,0.00011442904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011807245,0.000085697655,0.00016469364,0.00009931011,0.00015510444,0.000020834841,0.0002627991,0.00007914478,0.00007739336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028960226,0.00007421082,0.000039437597,0.00017049965,0.0007527204,0.00019753893,0.000045935714,0.0001773548,0.00000781269],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023520724,0.00020284254,0.0014484037,0.00002022097,0.0000070032715,0.000011785667,0.80905473,4.443266e-7,0.0000069794382,0.16520849,0.023473382,0.0005421763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002788081,0.00006984975,0.00072319043,0.000014032203,0.000020554036,0.0000021442634,0.05740153,0.000026158159,0.0000037164755,0.10516298,0.8361499,0.00014714427],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012523572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014728996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8126765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024591564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00030748866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9940521},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009324299","doi":"10.1080/19362200802285757","title":"Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding in Africa: An Overview","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Peacebuilding and International Security","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; International Development Research Centre","funders":"European Commission; World Bank Group","keywords":"Demobilization; Disarmament; Peacebuilding; Peacekeeping; Political science; International relations; Subject (documents); Public administration; Law; Politics; Computer science","score_opus":0.07734661587335706,"score_gpt":0.3419009215973013,"score_spread":0.2645543057239442,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009324299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831144,0.005707359,0.000037578393,0.001067384,0.000067267196,0.00021001732,0.000014931466,0.00006782317,0.009713207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897269,0.009752917,0.00015245898,0.00016239633,0.000078378034,0.000016138298,0.0000126775985,0.0000085955735,0.00008955588],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985703,0.00030711878,0.00022246914,0.00032895306,0.000300392,0.00027072692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936634,0.00012292473,0.00008936888,0.00012108,0.00012492125,0.0001753485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007629674,0.00012440929,0.00017005247,0.00011965631,0.0004110507,0.00007560667,0.00014740408,0.0000821224,0.000052437823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004034475,0.00012596002,0.000027906293,0.00032313023,0.0003441531,0.0006183054,0.000055292738,0.00015858156,0.0000022552233],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000077217934,0.00034887696,0.100825876,0.00003524514,0.000024959543,0.000027914302,0.38607088,0.0000068649897,0.0023649768,0.5049147,0.0015524407,0.003750059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002019633,0.000584824,0.37015125,0.00024923644,0.000058003363,0.000075116724,0.06608149,0.0026202116,0.0004937909,0.029246189,0.527023,0.001397224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0072378926,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006200453,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5254706,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012791189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000082384264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912709379","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2018.1574069","title":"In Memoriam: James J. Hentz (1955–2018)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Jewish Identity and Society","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Philosophy; Law and economics; Sociology","score_opus":0.018550921726735555,"score_gpt":0.3060593298016321,"score_spread":0.2875084080748965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912709379","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6434132,0.00017246224,0.000012034025,0.0052095973,0.0024599577,0.00017859689,0.000009957361,0.00008890988,0.3484553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960874,0.00011262276,0.00009237056,0.00067327294,0.0020975943,0.000008200118,0.000001383939,0.0000072654557,0.00091991434],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99850285,0.00023806046,0.00017557165,0.00024693104,0.0004024073,0.00043419804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994093,0.00008912712,0.00006310891,0.00020595417,0.00008949639,0.00014299805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010292031,0.00009079563,0.00016270392,0.000054154152,0.00043195602,0.00009940677,0.0003559948,0.0001320704,0.0007452487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029385474,0.0000989608,0.00008475683,0.00060424575,0.0007788444,0.00040640403,0.00008262649,0.00018558676,0.00038571088],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000073009805,0.00033417915,0.030742282,0.000017347116,0.000033666387,0.000023716191,0.33828115,1.9256744e-7,0.000046366997,0.32377887,0.3061311,0.0006038002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027309108,0.000045818175,0.007529719,0.00001100559,0.000009054534,5.710549e-7,0.03468375,0.000012317212,0.000098253346,0.064781904,0.89235264,0.00020185106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022975205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019407654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5862216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018061796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018724505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2943902775","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2019.1611713","title":"In Memoriam — Professor Pius Adesanmi (1972-2019)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Agriculture and Rural Development Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Crew; Crash; Political science; Shock (circulatory); Law; Aeronautics; Engineering; Medicine; Computer science","score_opus":0.011282208563320349,"score_gpt":0.238146724691137,"score_spread":0.22686451612781666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2943902775","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666572,0.000155967,7.064133e-8,0.010187696,0.0005293864,0.0005027806,0.000019217649,0.000052459494,0.021895228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913283,0.00006182853,0.00001752652,0.00029894034,0.00041688755,0.000027743235,0.00005092903,8.799571e-7,0.007796982],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984778,0.0001075824,0.00021440296,0.00035729905,0.00036085813,0.00048206295],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995584,0.0001354423,0.000058708185,0.00007248198,0.000053315463,0.000121663106],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031251347,0.00015638692,0.00022600402,0.00001931298,0.000087802626,0.00004357421,0.00037272042,0.00012875785,0.0024707855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028457018,0.00005025744,0.00007104146,0.00071642967,0.000039781222,0.00021850706,0.00015525588,0.00029943325,0.0013746708],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030714663,0.001126128,0.1696499,0.00008947937,0.00007087886,0.00013175959,0.0044927467,0.0000015047461,0.13095038,0.014625201,0.6570541,0.021500785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031282494,0.00023824154,0.4463201,0.00003056556,0.000004045267,0.000009378011,0.0016326242,0.0000097484435,0.0021803991,0.0057098223,0.54317236,0.00037989471],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006385844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093130645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2766702,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057084162,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019464738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994029},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968891490","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2019.1649108","title":"On the Precipice: Nigeria and a Budding Shi’ite Insurgency","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Insurgency; Political science; International relations; Political economy; Ancient history; Law; Sociology; History; Politics","score_opus":0.01211488583445301,"score_gpt":0.2763063498771856,"score_spread":0.2641914640427326,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2968891490","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93057644,0.00011434473,0.000008179754,0.0025675492,0.0005808315,0.0002697879,0.000018592504,0.00006393704,0.06580034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819165,0.00009138938,0.000002462639,0.0008263512,0.00022544434,0.000014063237,0.000001035628,0.0000097765405,0.00063783495],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984165,0.00030668918,0.00016870338,0.00028905077,0.00036421436,0.0004548867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987476,0.0006737981,0.00006723662,0.0002830621,0.00004772546,0.0001805988],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007249481,0.00013114345,0.00016647376,0.00003842655,0.0003349331,0.0000981982,0.00032112846,0.000093926654,0.00078147976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002805238,0.00009565412,0.000060824997,0.0002251141,0.00027073672,0.00016844999,0.00007054831,0.0002405997,0.00023181153],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000063376465,0.00015115278,0.047386646,0.000034392884,0.00003636236,0.000008333736,0.7051688,4.5658712e-7,0.00012840984,0.23965469,0.004200206,0.003167208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067171146,0.0005212545,0.07065995,0.00030495354,0.000043162672,0.0000048124884,0.6248216,0.00021651058,0.00017357492,0.14024568,0.16124883,0.0010879766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013759824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006054711,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15704863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006320544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000080022415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.85566556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981069790","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2019.1678230","title":"Combating Violent Extremism in Africa: Terrorism and Piracy","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Peace and Security Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Terrorism; Violent extremism; Political science; Criminology; National security; Focus (optics); War on terror; Political economy; Law; Sociology","score_opus":0.012379688733585748,"score_gpt":0.26207263218102855,"score_spread":0.2496929434474428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2981069790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8697206,0.00034940746,0.000005704597,0.0014873334,0.00017196665,0.00027044432,0.000008714299,0.000056337303,0.12792954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99919444,0.00015003176,0.000094751646,0.00017967224,0.000068893845,0.0000075428998,0.0000035862283,0.000008689862,0.0002923902],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983691,0.00021691344,0.00022797688,0.000325062,0.0003493695,0.0005115549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993434,0.00015398656,0.00009060901,0.00020160119,0.000046643676,0.00016379239],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008435645,0.00013406826,0.00023186862,0.00008167427,0.0001761521,0.00007821266,0.00024018672,0.00012871774,0.00010329247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015531319,0.0001401788,0.000049047776,0.00037435646,0.0001735877,0.00024028055,0.00011947343,0.00027729187,0.0000514351],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041440126,0.00042273468,0.29499784,0.000070845825,0.000025702951,0.0000487787,0.44519758,0.000008688706,0.0002441578,0.24818802,0.0016053718,0.009148862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024955906,0.00028336272,0.08298015,0.00027453963,0.000042995827,0.0000071190934,0.29982996,0.005148085,0.00002397533,0.15322012,0.45422667,0.0014674392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005264657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4526213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014264244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008050036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79586214},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2982327022","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2019.1667052","title":"“Weak State”, Regional Power, Global Player: Nigeria and the Response to Boko Haram","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Boko haram; State (computer science); Commission; Political science; Political economy; Insurgency; Elite; International relations; Territorial integrity; Power (physics); Corporate governance; Terrorism; Internal security; Law; Sociology; Politics; Sovereignty; Economics","score_opus":0.009266124555666787,"score_gpt":0.28987320860700316,"score_spread":0.2806070840513364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2982327022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9706906,0.00019597549,0.00002919739,0.016290238,0.0005419241,0.0004745773,0.00010743196,0.00008069154,0.011589368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99616736,0.0000517309,0.0000101852065,0.0027352525,0.000130136,0.000021115511,0.0000015149037,0.000008911401,0.0008737763],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99739534,0.00081600173,0.00023541001,0.00038335565,0.000558316,0.00061155873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998452,0.00063248305,0.000070102375,0.00036120618,0.000094821364,0.00038940497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015222294,0.00017000063,0.0002595856,0.000034832374,0.0003427174,0.00014886752,0.00048191933,0.000098061304,0.00023902005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00034469774,0.00012771373,0.00008828737,0.00031432696,0.0007115649,0.00018617684,0.00013243302,0.0001929096,0.00030295685],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007802545,0.0002137402,0.038559776,0.000021851238,0.000081900915,0.000028838544,0.8399647,0.000001940061,0.000110601635,0.07485438,0.036255386,0.0021043406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019353601,0.00042528947,0.08039549,0.000067249995,0.0000209175,0.000013072984,0.32282194,0.000035242836,0.00001607507,0.034959603,0.55871445,0.0005953141],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038398316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018126374,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52245903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017174476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025232637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5804702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3013796091","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2020.1745373","title":"The African Peace and Security Architecture, Non-science of Electoral Prophetism, Farmer-herder Conflicts, and Ungoverned Spaces","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Peace and Security Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Hogan; Negotiation; Political science; Enterprise information security architecture; Security studies; Architecture; Political economy; Public administration; Law; Sociology; Computer security; Geography; Anthropology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.009884674719936076,"score_gpt":0.2573002508144576,"score_spread":0.24741557609452156,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3013796091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96761906,0.0014089836,0.00003440057,0.012122379,0.00009865402,0.00058697624,0.00006679613,0.00007277837,0.017989947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986112,0.00076319353,0.00009451497,0.00032937297,0.000120747325,0.00001039126,0.0000022841425,0.000013846288,0.00005441021],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99723834,0.00025131955,0.00029890458,0.0005735289,0.0009098272,0.00072805653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984488,0.0002565375,0.00024742945,0.00027228516,0.00023048613,0.0005444586],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009525888,0.00024663948,0.0003645918,0.00005236366,0.0010916534,0.00030805505,0.0006602061,0.00011661724,0.000015357216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005700814,0.00019587071,0.00007252365,0.0009489478,0.0040441733,0.00025006582,0.00033126847,0.00041676097,0.000003395982],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049095595,0.00030728627,0.02119972,0.0002546018,0.00014719242,0.000032182932,0.728388,0.000013539287,0.0051758573,0.23392628,0.002561167,0.0075031864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021109702,0.0014762693,0.026232842,0.00007963478,0.00020076532,0.000021724307,0.15311581,0.0043968204,0.0016436423,0.037826754,0.77116096,0.0017338044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008435946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00908676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7685998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007891586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003836727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986662},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3037938027","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2020.1783760","title":"COVID-19, George Floyd and Human Security","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Security and Public Health","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); George (robot); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus; Betacoronavirus; Pandemic; China; Virology; Asian studies; Political science; Medicine; Law; History; Art history; Internal medicine; Outbreak","score_opus":0.041784680942489,"score_gpt":0.34432580940592983,"score_spread":0.30254112846344083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037938027","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5487602,0.00054947566,0.00004031541,0.18361035,0.00023750911,0.00070182997,0.0002268254,0.0006089955,0.2652645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9766627,0.00015006673,0.000035722747,0.022441747,0.0005952545,0.000012844828,0.000020086,0.000012089878,0.000069492824],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99710983,0.00071501266,0.00031110866,0.00053675374,0.000582063,0.0007452106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99542934,0.00020661812,0.00012555165,0.00022295812,0.00009248527,0.0039230464],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014513076,0.00019578109,0.00032779935,0.000051927425,0.001594008,0.00018016154,0.00045927506,0.00021832068,0.0018923423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002807302,0.00021114532,0.00008672187,0.0007194194,0.0006851645,0.0003341432,0.00019526179,0.00044460627,0.000068581016],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021845188,0.00010504455,0.005266889,0.000108205684,0.00001770007,0.000031125437,0.18976395,3.0778273e-7,0.000012547336,0.75410146,0.050228927,0.0003419925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034936576,0.000099613804,0.00061947876,0.0000041038243,0.000012354735,0.0000021857818,0.0130093265,0.000025694235,0.0000058805035,0.059215367,0.9264114,0.00024521953],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05085006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019463873,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8761825,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002333115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011934958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3089659370","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2020.1822576","title":"Counterinsurgency, Coup-Avoidance and Military Expenditure in Africa","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Peacebuilding and International Security","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Political economy; Security council; War on terror; Development economics; Criminology; Law; Terrorism; Politics; Economics; Psychology","score_opus":0.02739525804627431,"score_gpt":0.2802163129119795,"score_spread":0.2528210548657052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3089659370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.930833,0.0067351954,0.00001701557,0.0072018006,0.00018040244,0.00016526294,0.000065500164,0.00009538617,0.054706443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973972,0.0017214486,0.00005788696,0.00049542944,0.00023672603,0.000013764329,0.000004259241,0.000007012817,0.00006626552],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865973,0.000167295,0.00018714787,0.00031196585,0.0003615003,0.0003123867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994789,0.00011096424,0.000045657143,0.00009391094,0.00004697898,0.00022362072],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045820037,0.00011093617,0.00017730743,0.00004165534,0.00018126913,0.000028801836,0.00026545205,0.00008162474,0.00024346271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033384626,0.0001174297,0.00004301968,0.00026335742,0.00024382633,0.00023179308,0.00008006692,0.00022317686,0.000019748159],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023061466,0.0003900245,0.06545467,0.00008836975,0.000052214757,0.00014746124,0.6921279,0.000016119962,0.0015235051,0.09961717,0.13800028,0.0023517138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002854266,0.000052973504,0.015412096,0.000026927233,0.00000493002,0.0000013534157,0.012739747,0.00043872898,0.000056465535,0.00452291,0.9662059,0.0002525476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00536794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00364147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8282056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008902659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008077002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8114755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161161969","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2021.1925035","title":"Fulani-Dogon Killings in Mali: Farmer-Herder Conflicts as Insurgency and Counterinsurgency","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Insurgency; Adversary; Political science; Narrative; Criminology; Ethnology; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Politics; Computer security; Philosophy","score_opus":0.00478080173650749,"score_gpt":0.2100479502370476,"score_spread":0.2052671485005401,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3161161969","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8950607,0.00020364717,0.00001008582,0.0004291423,0.00017395781,0.00015471499,0.0000059376844,0.000025949963,0.10393584],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99745053,0.0004253412,0.000059630158,0.00033143832,0.000025065268,0.000017424412,0.000011159993,0.000011040264,0.0016683518],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881566,0.00008466191,0.00021085516,0.00039669848,0.00016807616,0.00032403276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995773,0.000043992866,0.00005922069,0.00019772591,0.000009631528,0.00011214211],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016908252,0.00014257827,0.00019825975,0.000042460495,0.00007115267,0.00002475073,0.0001238096,0.00007391242,0.006571077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047724294,0.00014374926,0.00003586318,0.00030247355,0.00011489836,0.00014100176,0.00025793293,0.00013075653,0.00029918112],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040136663,0.00030842138,0.9816202,0.00003437058,0.000028280367,0.00033375074,0.0051646405,0.000012971189,0.0020010741,0.0037772197,0.00346508,0.0032138862],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037564893,0.00006805794,0.6623426,0.000007082383,0.000011198465,0.000020663721,0.0006534367,0.000093953495,0.0001511244,0.0030348208,0.33302665,0.00021475174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013679046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021376887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32956156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056454057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012560823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209381162","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2021.1961355","title":"Homegrown Solutions to Regional Insecurity Complexes in Africa","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Peace and Security Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Development economics; Security council; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Politics; Economics","score_opus":0.048914888671850364,"score_gpt":0.297009436688103,"score_spread":0.2480945480162526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209381162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7806632,0.0010600627,0.0001045626,0.025400648,0.00034226064,0.0003906324,0.00015624551,0.00018975044,0.19169262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977208,0.00021394942,0.00038825138,0.0010105787,0.0001813746,0.000027924381,0.000033592692,0.000011904506,0.00041166175],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970707,0.00050039304,0.00032616677,0.0004962879,0.0006548255,0.000951619],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986527,0.00020645207,0.00006876968,0.00036567397,0.00027529948,0.00043110581],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084307767,0.0001820841,0.00032012435,0.00016355705,0.00061418395,0.00013210622,0.0004537731,0.00016668625,0.00028827213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005803284,0.0002165618,0.00013954812,0.0021262344,0.00035889965,0.00025474618,0.00024835393,0.00036439297,0.00010256789],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003106591,0.0006992562,0.0065363203,0.000016370192,0.000022448774,0.0001263558,0.13511929,0.0000269635,0.00015714759,0.8186368,0.038097948,0.0005300867],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003274326,0.000043582826,0.010980379,0.00003297419,0.000012802197,0.0000060047146,0.033677906,0.00017981105,0.000012904948,0.090737574,0.8635936,0.00039506622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0074793897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14741257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8254956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038398584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00062271394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991299},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206301604","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2021.2005913","title":"Conflict Networks, Terrorist Recruitment, Maritime Security and Non-State Armed Group Involvement in Counter-terrorism Strategies","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Maritime Security and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Terrorism; Counter terrorism; State (computer science); Political science; Computer security; Armed conflict; Maritime security; Political economy; Criminology; Law; Sociology; Computer science","score_opus":0.030052948971266022,"score_gpt":0.2892322334959748,"score_spread":0.2591792845247088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206301604","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80627865,0.005913517,0.00028367477,0.0022370047,0.0014134991,0.001965666,0.00020574071,0.0002665364,0.18143572],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952797,0.0028650267,0.00007779232,0.0006328984,0.0002808918,0.00014991662,0.000104800274,0.00002680265,0.00058214844],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9964336,0.0007347794,0.0005685865,0.0007794715,0.00058552215,0.0008979982],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986006,0.00022254196,0.0002091287,0.00041678376,0.00016408887,0.00038682818],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015022483,0.0003431358,0.00055288617,0.00015681366,0.0006408464,0.00038163806,0.00036445478,0.00025969525,0.0005548516],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000079371806,0.00041471017,0.00010762912,0.0005850121,0.0009620171,0.00065038586,0.0002564835,0.0006784659,0.000016331664],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000328761,0.0025080703,0.018073345,0.00054429873,0.00025015807,0.0015707248,0.84664243,0.000018925515,0.00036110435,0.10453578,0.01792003,0.007246372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015817528,0.00019928701,0.0077819596,0.00016041473,0.00005271466,0.00000899883,0.1143529,0.00066905597,0.000050931845,0.02534748,0.84890956,0.0008849737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025544958,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25734794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8309895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00050395995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050708215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998305},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4225429148","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2022.2059923","title":"Vaccine nationalism, violent extremist problematique and state management of combat-related deaths","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Health and Conflict Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Nationalism; Political science; State (computer science); Terrorism; Criminology; Violent extremism; Political economy; Law; Sociology; Politics; Computer science","score_opus":0.023569845853192373,"score_gpt":0.3572815756053964,"score_spread":0.33371172975220403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4225429148","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95090955,0.0017049223,0.000043810807,0.012968246,0.00023940433,0.0019362083,0.0002159612,0.00010388513,0.031877987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99650973,0.00043991013,0.00010802604,0.0010929942,0.000013926232,0.0005971836,0.00003405096,0.000013535186,0.0011906342],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99812186,0.00037293756,0.0006101599,0.00023237738,0.00031686938,0.0003457793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990267,0.00022196044,0.00030045575,0.0001991565,0.00012275482,0.00012894176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008795105,0.00012285693,0.0002830681,0.000075335,0.0008906467,0.0000023671,0.00013072611,0.000036650137,0.00076026726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000250157,0.00011558922,0.000032733005,0.00028352698,0.00003370099,0.00003465631,0.00044664525,0.00043279535,0.0000069043685],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004927368,0.0015443291,0.12223519,0.009736834,0.001037077,0.00011253267,0.47909454,0.00008721827,0.00019710584,0.34319088,0.03100463,0.011266954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051034978,0.00042908455,0.3123186,0.0005077693,0.0001228212,0.000007912412,0.05001124,0.00076616416,0.000026845819,0.033901062,0.5962805,0.0005244752],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043221912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000045688306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5652759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015532697,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013984596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83243936},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286209163","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2022.2099672","title":"Performing Shīʿīsm and Martyrdom: The Place of Religious Songs in the #freeZakzaky Occupy Abuja Movement","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Religion and Sociopolitical Dynamics in Nigeria","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Radicalization; Ideology; Framing (construction); State (computer science); Sociology; Islam; Religious identity; Collective identity; Political radicalism; Religious studies; Gender studies; Law; Terrorism; History; Political science; Politics; Philosophy; Archaeology; Negotiation","score_opus":0.009983340193330033,"score_gpt":0.27916299117978305,"score_spread":0.269179650986453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4286209163","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90832824,0.00032883685,0.000004542586,0.009561074,0.00016368968,0.00037374653,0.00002396886,0.000018752846,0.08119714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99736327,0.000352122,0.000032136522,0.0018183964,0.000063535845,0.00006248288,0.0000022343343,0.0000066632906,0.00029914876],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.997763,0.00077718927,0.00025245946,0.00019284584,0.0006542948,0.00036024302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988233,0.0006979136,0.00009447513,0.00026644638,0.00003308959,0.00008481708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030375982,0.0000968205,0.00016160597,0.00004295291,0.0010330846,0.000052788502,0.00057040347,0.00004797593,0.00011862491],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030575637,0.000066099834,0.00007167633,0.00029425847,0.0006467567,0.000054122458,0.00021265345,0.0004676809,0.0000022778695],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019908812,0.000082958126,0.0029443977,0.000008850998,0.000010055397,0.0000064452183,0.24888459,0.000008466765,0.000008418095,0.7416019,0.006111638,0.00031240404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042035096,0.00014622309,0.0021252385,0.000010203891,0.000020116224,0.0000035644896,0.5143805,0.000995306,0.000008106747,0.32773826,0.15394008,0.00021203585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008827186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002026234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41386363,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017007955,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014695911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977731},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4362577206","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2023.2196800","title":"Rethinking Approaches to Violent Extremism","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Violent extremism; Political science; Criminology; Terrorism; Law; Political economy; Sociology","score_opus":0.19063632917736778,"score_gpt":0.3224326433744703,"score_spread":0.13179631419710253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4362577206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93765956,0.00007051328,0.00024241743,0.0117687825,0.0007413462,0.00033254575,0.000028266117,0.00063916773,0.048517406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976141,0.000060147726,0.000031851676,0.0007905703,0.0006465266,0.00004938074,0.0000064387573,0.000017522463,0.0007834973],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976783,0.00025935692,0.00023105789,0.0004201251,0.0006016443,0.00080951705],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988828,0.00023407768,0.000052764346,0.00032912422,0.000045966877,0.00045529334],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011367903,0.00015754116,0.00020699258,0.00012805786,0.00049098127,0.00009763749,0.0005318845,0.00013792171,0.00016366792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029536287,0.00015606696,0.000102080325,0.00085112714,0.00023596361,0.00015811587,0.00015324884,0.00025330947,0.00066759886],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001487633,0.00006494385,0.0017801868,0.000020071097,0.000015544569,0.000030987536,0.94284886,0.0000031487968,0.000037895676,0.032110386,0.008357832,0.014715241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029084552,0.00012974773,0.009479478,0.00018010785,0.00003699219,0.000002512351,0.59340435,0.00038838916,0.0002625948,0.1754424,0.21953383,0.00084875844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022427537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010994144,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34944457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016001215,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012600228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8580856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388463815","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2023.2274235","title":"Media Reform and Prospects for Peace and Conflict-Sensitive Journalism in Nigeria: A Critical Appraisal of International and African Research on Media and Peacebuilding","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Manitoba","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Peacebuilding; Journalism; Peace and conflict studies; Peace economics; Political science; Kenya; Sociology; Media studies; Law","score_opus":0.07384120409123822,"score_gpt":0.4276746198967949,"score_spread":0.35383341580555666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388463815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900427,0.00044341106,0.0000108748745,0.0065576537,0.00010456871,0.0003894522,0.000082047576,0.000021447779,0.0023478658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99808955,0.001434733,0.00014851407,0.000027068218,0.00019806261,0.00004182247,0.000013969904,0.000016424838,0.000029827916],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984393,0.00012282729,0.00024409681,0.0003508574,0.00047461916,0.00036826753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965459,0.002687744,0.000040506366,0.00010460141,0.0003353081,0.00028593192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018067675,0.00012221783,0.0003345638,0.00060820987,0.00013984831,0.0000633588,0.000048474856,0.00009916783,0.000008361283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0034946133,0.00010171469,0.000027157539,0.00046159598,0.00077398575,0.00011442771,0.00019410458,0.00051908015,7.7802673e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.010799537,0.0016316009,0.1546002,0.0025265957,0.00067090837,0.0015427076,0.4119476,0.0000015797914,0.06962672,0.31249523,0.006231986,0.027925339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011929306,0.0042259423,0.7821373,0.0012726123,0.00010362453,0.0010855227,0.15739676,0.0074654077,0.009289174,0.009610948,0.014766218,0.0007172175],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003800185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062545796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6275371,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098505305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074918404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4183631},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393044239","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2023.2333127","title":"Farewell from Outgoing Editors","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Law and economics; Law; Sociology","score_opus":0.6274143799488174,"score_gpt":0.49708253368458677,"score_spread":0.13033184626423067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393044239","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8458617,0.0004164395,0.0014935699,0.003526012,0.005939298,0.00062553555,0.00022695825,0.00009965047,0.14181085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99210453,0.00000877943,0.0003460859,0.00017836365,0.0016563447,0.000017820497,0.00002118363,0.000011232352,0.0056556384],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9859143,0.003883416,0.0042059007,0.00095622014,0.004717753,0.00032242713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98896235,0.0053610266,0.001827176,0.0031801003,0.00045828725,0.00021103137],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.04752988,0.00022285449,0.002005515,0.00033042819,0.00016184904,0.0006611622,0.0018076638,0.00007896257,0.014590935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02544669,0.0001157788,0.0012366605,0.0028648297,0.00005606779,0.00019213752,0.00026770233,0.00016736415,0.04710514],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000014862821,0.000016139053,0.017794317,0.0000053332074,0.000071840645,0.00001143052,0.0028118158,0.0000095374935,0.000037548612,0.0005265262,0.97576106,0.002952979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008115846,0.000012480036,0.014960984,0.000009664447,0.00007233593,6.852995e-7,0.0039788517,0.0040110084,0.000038079732,0.046977744,0.9296876,0.00016941075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016371938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000839786,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14624287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026703276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004202048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9863099},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401367218","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2024.2386815","title":"A New Era for <i>African Security</i> : Sustaining and Expanding Opportunities for Sustained Scholarship and Inclusive Excellence","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Scholarship; Excellence; Political science; Security studies; Security council; Public administration; Sociology; Engineering ethics; Law; Politics; Engineering","score_opus":0.1130534414271581,"score_gpt":0.35309136904547167,"score_spread":0.24003792761831355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401367218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92742693,0.006532562,0.0069614192,0.042624302,0.00061264535,0.0036325215,0.00044791782,0.0005877054,0.011174007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996411,0.0008221496,0.00096535234,0.00018617125,0.0005318728,0.00017128895,0.000048432317,0.000031833246,0.00083187025],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982772,0.00015376802,0.00027818375,0.0004742904,0.0002785304,0.00053804676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99772316,0.0014054994,0.00011730158,0.00012880817,0.00031337203,0.00031182767],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015886322,0.00020360056,0.00025465034,0.00022715521,0.001183865,0.00063542486,0.000167877,0.00012842372,0.00002099008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010454021,0.00022113461,0.00007130629,0.00040112258,0.00029086624,0.000897389,0.0001215261,0.00017763847,4.3821734e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001248158,0.000026438736,0.00070108374,0.00049905473,0.00004486426,0.000013973,0.6541069,8.057627e-7,0.00019557914,0.31931323,0.003560092,0.02141316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005477086,0.00019388471,0.000119632445,0.00014204072,0.00008596202,0.0000038270064,0.67985046,0.0008763673,0.00010225189,0.20139219,0.11631352,0.00037219765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014843828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009787347,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.117921054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032128356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00079892867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9105452},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405918722","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2024.2446103","title":"Security Threats, African Agency, and the Role (and Weaponization) of the Media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Security and Public Health","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Political science; Law and economics; Computer security; National security; Internet privacy; Political economy; Public relations; Law; Sociology; Computer science","score_opus":0.010837997950992991,"score_gpt":0.2704821592091916,"score_spread":0.2596441612581986,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405918722","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5970464,0.02545129,0.000019943607,0.06062948,0.0009800144,0.0010282008,0.00023777096,0.00018879415,0.3144181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99692476,0.0024084921,0.00001052546,0.00028335198,0.00024350516,0.000015484919,0.0000032445262,0.0000087848375,0.00010185848],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9976813,0.00084027677,0.00026683463,0.0002966899,0.0005410072,0.00037386827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984923,0.0008301494,0.000093476185,0.0002720062,0.000102843784,0.00020922137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022120827,0.00013818537,0.00023872685,0.000047109035,0.0007442657,0.00018333903,0.00041595852,0.00012464881,0.00015449127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006604124,0.000083043626,0.00008769483,0.0009767077,0.0019308218,0.00022642926,0.00020448044,0.00033393982,0.0000066343628],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013980256,0.00002585571,0.0018481072,0.000035304223,0.00002050578,0.0000013082984,0.19895379,1.3735568e-7,0.0000016924959,0.7938447,0.0005532633,0.0047013443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026531736,0.000019919653,0.0054824348,0.00004147621,0.000048529364,0.000004765007,0.025785008,0.0002962924,0.000019088606,0.6137176,0.35417825,0.00014128449],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015524575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014795673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39987835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006423488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00044331935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9910311},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406821633","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2025.2450927","title":"Insecurity and Tax Compliance in Africa: Investigating the Link between Public Safety Perceptions and Tax Payment Behavior","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Compliance (psychology); Payment; Public economics; Perception; Business; Economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Finance","score_opus":0.07900154056860324,"score_gpt":0.26969267793402146,"score_spread":0.1906911373654182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406821633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9392259,0.0040432955,0.00039781912,0.027882012,0.00014598282,0.0006127412,0.000606195,0.000057196063,0.027028851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984225,0.0004812913,0.00025820525,0.00029542804,0.00008110509,0.00014443122,0.000011140762,0.000008736443,0.00029713864],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855614,0.000060743627,0.00055130164,0.00045093364,0.000051222047,0.00032965664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914503,0.00015860933,0.0002618299,0.00029727246,0.000043283966,0.00009397836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005746054,0.00017761905,0.00039060612,0.00016550113,0.00052333385,0.00013313045,0.00021792321,0.0000772044,0.000050470248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002361879,0.0001707441,0.000049367132,0.0006044297,0.00041622156,0.00018678558,0.0002820257,0.00035100526,0.000020894118],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028611037,0.000036470057,0.87127596,0.000034482302,0.000025597315,7.4095414e-7,0.005746717,4.9554336e-7,0.000003802561,0.11586566,0.00046304712,0.006544161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035800968,0.000022641154,0.8810393,0.000032929576,0.000010253223,8.210406e-7,0.0020417701,0.00018972612,0.000001985711,0.05037998,0.06574663,0.00017596436],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00065029965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001089244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06548568,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011608892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002932498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6962742},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409175950","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2025.2481704","title":"Counterterrorism, Post-War Governance, and the Linkages Between Insecurity and Tax Compliance in Africa","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Compliance (psychology); Corporate governance; Political science; Political economy; Business; Development economics; Economics; Psychology; Finance","score_opus":0.027697405349967424,"score_gpt":0.23482248566576958,"score_spread":0.20712508031580215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409175950","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8256752,0.03430608,0.00020605998,0.018110264,0.00030104382,0.00058642216,0.00077137025,0.000060051436,0.11998352],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99687797,0.001985219,0.000045204426,0.0006184585,0.000042957592,0.000049461738,0.000003771748,0.000007823055,0.00036915613],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987734,0.00004389971,0.00045002057,0.00041232057,0.000046128836,0.00027424618],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913895,0.00021860599,0.00028305053,0.00027053998,0.00004243339,0.00004640884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047973383,0.00017290167,0.0005147063,0.00009136087,0.00019504309,0.000062979605,0.00023136512,0.00007125478,0.00002675464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018753482,0.00015538643,0.000053678992,0.00038262157,0.00044128296,0.00015058107,0.00021055182,0.00027006364,0.000023856775],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004385084,0.000087730514,0.6874268,0.00012743834,0.00010289471,0.0000039006122,0.018164791,6.128689e-7,0.000001694467,0.28933665,0.003237893,0.0014657337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014742458,0.000030022955,0.8056921,0.00005617546,0.000008914318,9.814438e-7,0.0016924986,0.00028256534,0.0000033368472,0.10514943,0.0854143,0.00019546442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011487828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00040735188,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18418722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006066295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017752456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6336475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410994221","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2025.2500769","title":"Economic and Religious Dynamics of Boko Haram: Understanding Conflict and Security in the Lake Chad Basin","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Health and Conflict Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Boko haram; Dynamics (music); Political science; Political economy; Structural basin; Development economics; Sociology; Politics; Law; Economics; Geology; Insurgency","score_opus":0.04797728081276965,"score_gpt":0.37251029227865323,"score_spread":0.3245330114658836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410994221","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9179198,0.0025798078,0.000051587303,0.033790223,0.0002640343,0.0010246574,0.00022908757,0.00004089946,0.044099916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99209106,0.0042675543,0.000009903283,0.003444414,0.000040476352,0.00006139238,0.000009404429,0.000008230644,0.000067592686],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982824,0.0003784831,0.00051522476,0.00028043002,0.00010067049,0.00044279158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982841,0.0011604845,0.00016429648,0.00026441875,0.00003635255,0.00009035425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00095561973,0.00015890053,0.0004212618,0.00013743337,0.00050722365,0.00001265809,0.00014863389,0.00015587897,0.000019709994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014630871,0.0001279656,0.000034716104,0.00020682343,0.0002674459,0.00005816149,0.00017230492,0.00056869147,0.000003920072],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018702434,0.00008250197,0.3674539,0.0010634246,0.00006767384,0.000009556472,0.25970763,4.667197e-7,0.0000020344428,0.35981482,0.01097781,0.00063314853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037028892,0.00024794997,0.17906746,0.0006593233,0.000083405925,0.00000779966,0.20853679,0.0028356318,0.000005359924,0.08835572,0.5159999,0.0004977356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003079085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03269983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5050221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024698765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002881213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9849509},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411320806","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2025.2516305","title":"Climate Change and Cultural Security, Governance, Health and Collective Security in West Africa","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Human Rights and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Climate change; Corporate governance; Political economy; Security studies; Health security; Development economics; Sociology; Law; Business; Economics; Public health","score_opus":0.02974662739253541,"score_gpt":0.30764561688402076,"score_spread":0.27789898949148534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411320806","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72758615,0.0046234387,0.0000010952839,0.009682343,0.00029127524,0.0010931048,0.0001264229,0.00010500434,0.25649115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938726,0.004728241,0.00004579714,0.0006462111,0.00009771579,0.00008235851,0.0000054807265,0.0000076339165,0.0005140045],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99781543,0.00033775714,0.00031536928,0.0004984012,0.00033834125,0.00069471064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918234,0.00014039247,0.00014453958,0.00014492562,0.000089242254,0.0002985305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087269495,0.00020869734,0.00040254812,0.000117600175,0.0009561357,0.00017439187,0.00018966309,0.00012253034,0.000068721136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010140732,0.00018170019,0.00003945954,0.00080244214,0.000522926,0.0003449537,0.00024974323,0.00029514535,0.0000064680785],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054229462,0.00016858104,0.021143705,0.00010444942,0.000018049825,0.000015217851,0.60642767,1.9649994e-8,6.594156e-7,0.3622066,0.007667701,0.002193091],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018055749,0.00022566729,0.13987581,0.0004059105,0.000020789337,0.0000040599107,0.07525269,0.0000869277,0.000011125882,0.32865456,0.452902,0.00075490697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0062423334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.051956043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.531175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005253026,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047784016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9653433},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413805012","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2025.2550048","title":"The Dynamics of the Securitization of African Borderlands, Inter-State Relations, and the Role of non-State Actors in Security Governance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Peace and Security Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Securitization; State (computer science); Political science; State of exception; Corporate governance; Dynamics (music); State security; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Politics; Business; Economics; Financial system; Management","score_opus":0.0019954132795481395,"score_gpt":0.2273930515191667,"score_spread":0.22539763823961856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413805012","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96278995,0.0011746321,0.00008808845,0.004313222,0.0001909859,0.0007094621,0.0003370882,0.000014956652,0.030381633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978798,0.0017910925,0.000012061358,0.00004175627,0.000011668269,0.000014936519,0.000005978049,0.000007881375,0.00023482564],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.997703,0.0006343334,0.0006392205,0.00023385705,0.00046542767,0.0003241209],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99781096,0.00080889615,0.00062740996,0.00043565792,0.00026830178,0.00004876875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015408134,0.0001638801,0.0003706381,0.00006190662,0.0003878633,0.000045472945,0.0007435548,0.00010275892,0.0000063560497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007549501,0.000104505576,0.00014194644,0.0013521063,0.0019178013,0.00017103323,0.0002629751,0.0003586144,3.0557646e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002593917,0.00018333325,0.14262272,0.00007493141,0.00007875633,5.7873257e-7,0.14127472,0.000091124544,0.000021671623,0.71157026,0.00030320833,0.0035192869],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021385497,0.000091241745,0.08861422,0.00036924053,0.00011484052,9.182162e-7,0.11543042,0.051436227,0.000258348,0.71693367,0.024238555,0.00037379106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021472612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18891416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16744155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017250817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00032751163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98504347},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417312198","doi":"10.1080/19392206.2025.2594225","title":"Rebalancing Securitization and Militarization in Africa? Understanding Emerging Patterns and Dynamics in an Era of Shifting Global Geopolitics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"African Security","topic":"Global Security and Public Health","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Militarization; Securitization; Geopolitics; Dynamics (music); International relations; Irregular migration","score_opus":0.019860644521613832,"score_gpt":0.3090150800097716,"score_spread":0.2891544354881578,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417312198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835887,0.00025471277,0.0013373133,0.0014388461,0.000091464826,0.00023748199,0.0000676103,0.00003110665,0.012952769],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999502,0.00022935498,0.00010988095,0.00009883427,0.000025616846,0.0000037218888,0.000023715927,0.000004232959,0.0000026156492],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982556,0.00040968304,0.00038067735,0.0002836049,0.00022547999,0.00044497094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994391,0.0001609328,0.00009862416,0.0001050502,0.00006578786,0.00013049776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013498516,0.00010926231,0.00022569351,0.00014398478,0.00024489348,0.00007074301,0.00011579114,0.00014429915,0.00000608372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039940007,0.00013597847,0.000016613574,0.0011051969,0.00017821587,0.00041550957,0.000073989424,0.00022607467,7.3766245e-8],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000622469,0.0000382832,0.40517822,0.00008215733,0.0000022012148,0.0000017058055,0.039785456,0.000007348555,5.0108235e-7,0.55426526,0.000002664458,0.0006299705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065921154,0.000059927348,0.17306486,0.00041339645,0.00001349198,8.888142e-7,0.30510208,0.027614376,0.0000022614306,0.49253798,0.00028283775,0.00024869986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05102001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.37906766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32804763,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012313481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026044683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9552993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}