{"meta":{"query_hash":"b1dad90c13c5","filters":{"venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice"},"cohort_total":19,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":19,"exported":19,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/b1dad90c13c5","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=American+Journal+of+Criminal+Justice"},"results":[{"id":"W1971191415","doi":"10.1007/s12103-011-9122-6","title":"Predicting State Police Officer Performance in the Field Training Officer Program: What Can We Learn from the Cadet’s Performance in the Training Academy?","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","field":"Psychology","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cegep de Saint Hyacinthe","funders":"","keywords":"Officer; Cadet; Law enforcement; Field training; State police; Training (meteorology); State (computer science); Curriculum; Management; Political science; Medical education; Psychology; Law; Medicine; Computer science; Geography","score_opus":0.12843429671245626,"score_gpt":0.3648650899480134,"score_spread":0.23643079323555716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971191415","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99249804,0.0003841194,0.000024055476,0.0027820824,0.0004139042,0.0003685692,0.0000027263554,0.000016216545,0.0035103061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99259245,0.0007533787,0.00033955745,0.0054317713,0.0007265936,0.00005330562,0.000003995707,0.00002789015,0.00007102962],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9965126,0.00085331715,0.0009060693,0.000259369,0.0007719658,0.0006967087],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970726,0.0016175737,0.00085883104,0.00026575505,0.00010364095,0.00008160756],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0038287754,0.000284105,0.00037618674,0.00022086618,0.00035848902,0.00014926147,0.0012174262,0.000091893075,0.00027726075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014477213,0.00016069999,0.00009818422,0.00066854944,0.00032731474,0.0006472065,0.00004317355,0.0020554243,0.000022694858],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044131986,0.00006336549,0.020725893,0.000024753475,0.0000366773,0.0000130533,0.57896394,0.00016661648,0.0000048951138,0.000015740357,0.00007069561,0.39947307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049331697,0.0008528087,0.457413,0.00026203023,0.00025609997,0.0001393087,0.53656036,0.0009340734,0.0000126081995,0.000008360486,0.002913343,0.00015473217],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009508432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061991514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43668708,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006926969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021237339,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.892991},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973188815","doi":"10.1007/s12103-011-9135-1","title":"Sentencing Juvenile Offenders to Life in Prison: The Political Sociology of Juvenile Punishment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Sanctions; Prison; Punishment (psychology); Life imprisonment; Criminology; Politics; Juvenile; Sentence; Power (physics); Ideology; Juvenile delinquency; Public life; Political science; Law; Sociology; Psychology; Social psychology; Biology","score_opus":0.05407191495877161,"score_gpt":0.3324011345283847,"score_spread":0.2783292195696131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1973188815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886767,0.00012991167,0.0043195114,0.0026181526,0.0003901466,0.000091602014,0.0000020821578,0.000007146588,0.00376472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99586326,0.00008392259,0.0015146707,0.0021551591,0.00033611682,0.000004524552,2.6882037e-7,0.000009816121,0.00003226518],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99749666,0.00054301135,0.00078051694,0.00016180961,0.000510843,0.0005071712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99780774,0.00060335035,0.0006046319,0.00017867071,0.00043995015,0.00036564935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013114504,0.00013182423,0.00052761484,0.000294108,0.00023916643,0.000016147367,0.0005129972,0.00005009026,0.00016718078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013038798,0.0001017388,0.00022294666,0.00062259997,0.0013426542,0.00014078438,0.000064419604,0.00037232848,0.0000116154015],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008909898,0.00075588864,0.0058849533,0.00014843112,0.00024107927,0.00016682854,0.8903684,0.00041114556,0.00045809607,0.039127164,0.0010182343,0.06052881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014865675,0.0007829244,0.0020421697,0.000053006104,0.0018066105,0.000035384008,0.993949,0.000045231453,0.00012629815,0.00019935603,0.0006988276,0.00011253973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.038828306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0050722235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10358062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021326091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006775515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9675722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979491521","doi":"10.1007/s12103-014-9237-7","title":"Boomtown Blues: Long-Term Community Perceptions of Crime and Disorder","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Blues; Globe; Enforcement; Criminology; Violent crime; Resource (disambiguation); Psychology; Socioeconomics; Geography; Sociology; Political science; Economics","score_opus":0.035670518696265544,"score_gpt":0.37864015782584753,"score_spread":0.342969639129582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979491521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98432595,0.00013176045,0.010104449,0.00037666003,0.00017046275,0.000041065254,0.0000057354023,0.0000070473357,0.004836905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99850404,0.00025960637,0.00066369656,0.00018192126,0.0002132969,8.835616e-7,0.000001058657,0.000008197867,0.0001673253],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984104,0.00068105664,0.0003832614,0.00006850504,0.00027595743,0.00018080408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851304,0.00039112678,0.00044238678,0.00015048303,0.00033764154,0.00016531089],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009602815,0.00008892879,0.0002711268,0.000119278164,0.0004626642,0.000043413656,0.00030245498,0.000025597943,0.0004893419],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042669257,0.00008000087,0.00014645133,0.00013813883,0.0011792136,0.00021954966,0.000052615447,0.00032342842,0.0000060447837],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032445774,0.0021288446,0.2792454,0.0008632801,0.0002766771,0.000017500835,0.26436323,0.000035891953,0.0027077459,0.011313514,0.0019571288,0.43676636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037295502,0.001949903,0.63587207,0.00027729993,0.0015831307,0.00006266538,0.35785085,0.000023378941,0.00005401673,0.00022359581,0.0015549925,0.00017514656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0045640753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00085629174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4365912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031305484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005686761,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6899547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980054402","doi":"10.1007/s12103-012-9164-4","title":"Context Matters: Violence Against Women and Reporting to Police in Rural, Suburban and Urban Areas","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Intimate Partner and Family Violence","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Situational ethics; Context (archaeology); Criminology; Geography; Rural area; Psychology; Political science; Social psychology","score_opus":0.03306455024886532,"score_gpt":0.3436386815633414,"score_spread":0.31057413131447603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980054402","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964085,0.0005431526,0.00012401532,0.00033145136,0.00019767342,0.00008408822,0.0000015752802,0.000008675017,0.0023008294],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994093,0.000599757,0.0005913775,0.0042903954,0.00038842615,0.0000041023936,1.7736929e-7,0.000010567695,0.000022194197],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803555,0.00020367099,0.0007125045,0.00012539794,0.00032642687,0.00059642404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798524,0.00024779796,0.0009576597,0.00009464767,0.00016717619,0.0005474779],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0019991046,0.00013363622,0.00038327675,0.00017604459,0.00019373007,0.00007562894,0.0001836484,0.000030226842,0.00001045396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006500219,0.00012237043,0.00003454643,0.00029024263,0.0005454624,0.0004990943,0.00005564356,0.0002169259,0.000005812289],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003577007,0.0001274042,0.30319634,0.00014562542,0.000031603387,0.0000779982,0.50693625,0.0000082841925,0.0016921039,0.0020761858,0.0006578485,0.18469267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021147884,0.00032749734,0.23974253,0.00052003056,0.000116890835,0.00013659114,0.75719905,0.000011381454,0.0000649811,0.000044857108,0.0013983344,0.00022637933],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0041335598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005133986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2502628,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014159654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6248734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999284713","doi":"10.1007/s12103-013-9215-5","title":"Going to Jail Sucks (And It Really Doesn’t Matter Who You Ask)","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Punitive damages; Prison; Criminal justice; Criminology; Psychology; Mass incarceration; Public opinion; Perception; Economic Justice; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.01391840874914638,"score_gpt":0.3073851819763092,"score_spread":0.2934667732271628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999284713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97110075,0.00012326473,0.004707884,0.01009139,0.00039642354,0.00010787325,0.0000019707377,0.000014419368,0.013456053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851232,0.00050701085,0.0032949303,0.0074029127,0.0008934705,0.000007015473,4.5736454e-7,0.000020858022,0.002750108],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978745,0.00024639128,0.0005450449,0.00023233793,0.0006310776,0.00047062465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99763864,0.0004239891,0.00047103473,0.00017953383,0.0007366226,0.0005501752],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073395105,0.00018164041,0.0004422816,0.00034277726,0.00048989017,0.00027995525,0.00039025836,0.00004838919,0.0009428681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049764,0.00015907537,0.0001660709,0.00063370867,0.0004501413,0.00054724456,0.0000692285,0.00033180232,0.00047351688],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004201724,0.0002562944,0.007312888,0.0002505863,0.00031449777,0.00017296166,0.2792492,0.00026752864,0.0014270055,0.0018067954,0.03697876,0.6715433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016535008,0.0006886696,0.0077706967,0.00016481303,0.004084039,0.0001518725,0.9621599,0.000067815694,0.000039301354,0.00008382192,0.02431906,0.00030467915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015637033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018945602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6829107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013269516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020594407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999704},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025277920","doi":"10.1007/s12103-013-9212-8","title":"Racial Residential Segregation and Social Control: A Panel Study of the Variation in Police Strength Across U.S Cities, 1980–2010","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Demographic economics; Police department; Criminology; Panel data; Control (management); Variation (astronomy); Inequality; Political science; Geography; Demography; Sociology; Economics; Econometrics","score_opus":0.040778159130704816,"score_gpt":0.3539423631954204,"score_spread":0.31316420406471557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025277920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981634,0.00001486601,0.00024064563,0.00083810615,0.0003910761,0.00019533913,0.000010944612,0.0000034413245,0.00014217923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99930066,0.000010676231,0.000052572894,0.00011033293,0.00043888408,0.0000049614264,3.3995696e-7,0.0000062382232,0.00007533059],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981593,0.00058673345,0.00050137285,0.00009677335,0.00045393145,0.00020191094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99848837,0.00021328442,0.0008060934,0.000072183255,0.0003659417,0.000054154454],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007326306,0.000083232015,0.00024083229,0.000088419714,0.00037500865,0.00009936552,0.00023332567,0.000033954664,0.000078236866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002104544,0.00006659313,0.00008880131,0.00023119594,0.0004135268,0.0003773788,0.00004010604,0.00022642485,0.0000014145339],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030541845,0.000686811,0.021587484,0.00006152536,0.00009452952,0.000003998885,0.94243926,0.000031437197,0.0012756756,0.0014535389,0.00028613812,0.031774193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000777702,0.00050000317,0.5335772,0.000029247414,0.00035081885,0.000004946452,0.46450937,0.00004386704,0.00001280444,0.00009263563,0.00004395509,0.000057433976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.12587056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025214108,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5119897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007136879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011679126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9925732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028735919","doi":"10.1007/s12103-011-9108-4","title":"Are All Gangs Equal Security Risks? An Investigation of Gang Types and Prison Misconduct","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Misconduct; Prison; Conviction; Criminology; Psychology; Computer security; Political science; Law; Computer science","score_opus":0.21632629449662638,"score_gpt":0.41148324474436,"score_spread":0.1951569502477336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028735919","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99815536,0.00021828688,0.00033324637,0.00020287263,0.00014404632,0.000042879747,0.0000061009364,0.0000061331975,0.0008910581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982801,0.00009514741,0.0012184378,0.00019228378,0.00018802266,5.786745e-7,7.2746985e-7,0.000006913383,0.000017765024],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888253,0.00028429463,0.00033041288,0.000098700315,0.00025138326,0.00015265489],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983623,0.00008397555,0.00096002745,0.00008175974,0.0003178657,0.00019404503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006656213,0.000077835626,0.00021432803,0.00009895629,0.00010703552,0.000026549133,0.00018086356,0.00002922276,0.00022320352],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023528394,0.000070523776,0.000074362375,0.00012042162,0.00065000105,0.00041777352,0.000021565616,0.00016381085,0.0000024892076],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005439557,0.00064122985,0.12850627,0.00055113126,0.00027512133,0.000111477566,0.80665207,0.0000065860927,0.0070814206,0.009334089,0.0017578885,0.044538748],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039778705,0.002651619,0.20584051,0.00035305228,0.0024472482,0.000074011245,0.7791439,0.000043166903,0.0048468537,0.0032739255,0.0006473207,0.00028056317],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0076986435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010020704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07733423,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002723691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006763876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989092},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072895712","doi":"10.1007/s12103-014-9283-1","title":"The Use of Lethal Force by Canadian Police Officers: Assessing the Influence of Female Police Officers and Minority Threat Explanations on Police Shootings Across Large Cities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Ethnic group; Criminology; Negative binomial distribution; Population; Police department; Use of force; Demographic economics; Representation (politics); Sample (material); Politics; Political science; Demography; Psychology; Sociology; Law; Economics","score_opus":0.060935386547927434,"score_gpt":0.3872723125637612,"score_spread":0.32633692601583375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072895712","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99396145,0.00003187397,0.00012891523,0.0023860605,0.00011882635,0.00009962689,0.00011030264,0.0000072837424,0.0031556834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99731815,0.00030734306,0.0002728096,0.00155207,0.00033166044,0.0000021038604,0.0000017084227,0.000012946923,0.00020120812],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974507,0.00065974396,0.0005195321,0.00015197985,0.00058556657,0.00063248404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99302065,0.0046274085,0.001176262,0.00024508045,0.0005890224,0.00034159032],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018287022,0.00016894979,0.00031878415,0.00013190773,0.0019328711,0.0002693847,0.0005471646,0.00006395367,0.000009228843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000976051,0.000121253324,0.00010590306,0.00045710182,0.0017936568,0.00089580903,0.00005391562,0.00042242455,0.0000016570483],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021434223,0.00013083674,0.019480862,0.0001497354,0.0001615092,0.0000015596974,0.95135456,0.0025113688,0.0012743971,0.0100018075,0.0018808794,0.012838155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028544964,0.00045630094,0.116366684,0.00015392252,0.0007522278,0.000050785227,0.86050737,0.000148813,0.000059280792,0.000013559148,0.020996211,0.00020939522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.95122904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.652339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2988901,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015179864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007091554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99936646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2511188608","doi":"10.1007/s12103-016-9360-8","title":"Improving the Police Complaints System: Stakeholder Collaboration as a Vehicle for Systems Change","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stakeholder; Business; Process management; Public relations; Political science","score_opus":0.11995989341905224,"score_gpt":0.37642621855546954,"score_spread":0.2564663251364173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2511188608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96709543,0.00026451462,0.023711996,0.005389915,0.001505603,0.0005191667,0.000048224345,0.000025011866,0.0014401316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99765646,0.000029102788,0.0001619751,0.0003366567,0.0015050254,0.00002914044,4.2530831e-7,0.000012367577,0.00026885245],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853826,0.00031742733,0.00038907988,0.000106720145,0.00038419655,0.0002643198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99762416,0.00051601185,0.00074303173,0.00012359941,0.00086085126,0.00013233785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010858354,0.000089910165,0.00020826688,0.000083378414,0.00053870765,0.00014675577,0.00031556268,0.000024946447,0.000034318753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027521513,0.00005297524,0.00011073393,0.00021489107,0.00031583922,0.0003985553,0.000019494813,0.000076473705,0.000017635553],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018243687,0.0006612465,0.0017730133,0.0025913322,0.0005846237,0.00007976296,0.39214742,0.00005226519,0.025744332,0.17339365,0.01765543,0.38349256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060371886,0.0012641159,0.0007352172,0.00065105077,0.0011372935,0.0001164606,0.97423875,0.00022500921,0.00017897121,0.000014579009,0.020673344,0.00016146057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020957867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007433018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5820914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023886243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016341693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98556167},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3038770792","doi":"10.1007/s12103-020-09551-3","title":"Has COVID-19 Changed Crime? Crime Rates in the United States during the Pandemic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":248,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Bowling Green State University","keywords":"Criminology; Pandemic; Homicide; Domestic violence; Law enforcement; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Political science; Enforcement; Minor (academic); Suicide prevention; Psychology; Poison control; Law; Medical emergency; Medicine","score_opus":0.15914874065604523,"score_gpt":0.41374593801309584,"score_spread":0.2545971973570506,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3038770792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95179355,0.00035870224,0.0011075652,0.045878757,0.00017408407,0.0001388291,0.000010768772,0.000018388486,0.0005193819],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985255,0.00058558385,0.00006979358,0.013422281,0.00059924147,0.000005271523,0.0000028831187,0.000011208651,0.000048734073],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99749124,0.0010679081,0.0004628772,0.00013801853,0.00050152873,0.00033844355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979178,0.0009928505,0.00048558056,0.00013073713,0.00020731946,0.0002657159],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001430523,0.00013133071,0.0002490891,0.00014554748,0.0007613627,0.00020153003,0.00080266595,0.000026035854,0.00041755743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016022383,0.00008042805,0.00016702923,0.0008006359,0.000940044,0.00019370015,0.000051972373,0.0005057515,0.000016687856],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009065767,0.00033671342,0.015893694,0.00041073593,0.00016962836,0.00037788786,0.95806074,0.00078664743,0.0015650132,0.0021526124,0.015377269,0.0039624674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005019406,0.0006574989,0.026224516,0.0000744312,0.00073318544,0.00009005291,0.915422,0.00015694792,0.00008968621,0.00014433576,0.055736113,0.00016927416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010763439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076784415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042638738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001266994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026077934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.995824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3119950735","doi":"10.1007/s12103-020-09600-x","title":"Assessing the Fear of Package Theft","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Crime, Deviance, and Social Control","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fear of crime; Context (archaeology); Psychology; Quarter (Canadian coin); Criminology; Social psychology; Geography","score_opus":0.03847321146418195,"score_gpt":0.38761458631570905,"score_spread":0.3491413748515271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3119950735","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94803363,0.0013963496,0.0038708914,0.0040830653,0.0008551295,0.00006442882,0.000002922459,0.000010087615,0.041683525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99634933,0.0004683333,0.0010926265,0.00084000215,0.0010140308,5.371887e-7,2.436986e-7,0.000009664144,0.0002252372],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977746,0.0008028009,0.00039490356,0.000098046265,0.0006627695,0.00026688233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971286,0.0010394085,0.0007240279,0.00014986383,0.0008263191,0.00013174838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014556021,0.00009087134,0.00035609832,0.00004589982,0.0004919298,0.00013501666,0.00037352927,0.000032844764,0.00009964162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017440877,0.0000666601,0.00021599294,0.00041339698,0.001044441,0.0003275593,0.000028986446,0.0003111519,0.0000056035346],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024593432,0.00040875954,0.003016131,0.0002099338,0.00037049767,0.0006786431,0.4169749,0.0000595799,0.010757166,0.057276867,0.0018223865,0.5081792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026817716,0.00018876507,0.00656212,0.00009428206,0.001435558,0.000053259886,0.973211,0.000012262381,0.0005089534,0.00060282904,0.01693834,0.0001244847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006685509,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017251054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5562361,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063410036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008987523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38482863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3204225744","doi":"10.1007/s12103-021-09644-7","title":"Firearm Ownership, Defensive Gun Usage, and Support for Gun Control: Does Knowledge Matter?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kensington Health","funders":"","keywords":"Gun control; Gun violence; Legislation; Poison control; Suicide prevention; Injury prevention; Occupational safety and health; Law; Business; Criminology; Computer security; Psychology; Political science; Medicine; Medical emergency; Computer science","score_opus":0.039175787515869816,"score_gpt":0.3783638303611803,"score_spread":0.3391880428453105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3204225744","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96379733,0.0013653099,0.003854551,0.010438486,0.0011281297,0.000356836,0.00004833972,0.00002476432,0.018986247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939267,0.0006531999,0.0013433772,0.0011542971,0.0008214697,0.000006856071,0.0000021407384,0.000018808136,0.002073136],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99767286,0.0005654018,0.00040468192,0.00023606642,0.0005163807,0.00060460524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958016,0.0017612131,0.00036133538,0.00014296254,0.001444433,0.00048842625],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016566879,0.0001560095,0.00045517474,0.00013785357,0.00042670913,0.00015174443,0.0003288244,0.000060095976,0.0003943687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017453582,0.00011213268,0.0001815309,0.00031717707,0.0010855487,0.0002859915,0.000039057602,0.00031933747,0.000030768584],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0037540004,0.0011519425,0.049128216,0.001956751,0.0008735609,0.0017881112,0.24048477,0.000030165671,0.0064929295,0.016066931,0.019834459,0.65843815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022512863,0.0019280178,0.014863653,0.00037520356,0.0031512373,0.0004611164,0.84922206,0.00006232582,0.0010846789,0.0010190944,0.12499072,0.0005906142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002727799,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034551046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6578475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009539356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009686253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4572638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407142188","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09794-y","title":"Boosting Drug Treatment Attendance Through Police-Sent Text Message Nudges: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Drug-Positive Arrestees","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"WSP (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Attendance; Drug; Psychology; Boosting (machine learning); Randomized controlled trial; Psychiatry; Medicine; Clinical psychology; Internal medicine; Computer science; Political science; Artificial intelligence; Law","score_opus":0.014043036879702328,"score_gpt":0.31233898410395505,"score_spread":0.29829594722425273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407142188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98407316,0.0028738293,0.001060789,0.0031639722,0.00057836657,0.002166703,0.0000029002106,0.000038052716,0.0060422504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98919034,0.0012007335,0.003879006,0.0017973267,0.000600441,0.00012578772,0.000004365139,0.000035889974,0.0031660993],"study_design_codex":"randomized_trial","study_design_gemma":"randomized_trial","domain_scores_codex":[0.99689,0.00054013677,0.0011721117,0.0003156023,0.0006149806,0.00046714317],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9932712,0.0043027983,0.001449688,0.00028760714,0.00048890774,0.0001998486],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006157646,0.00048924674,0.0034305002,0.00027548597,0.00019748684,0.000051517378,0.00017630003,0.00003617862,0.000033356133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044929588,0.0002726246,0.00085685536,0.00043488716,0.00068013754,0.00023720098,0.000020513902,0.00030109248,0.000008136598],"study_design_candidate":"randomized_trial","study_design_consensus":"randomized_trial","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.96101236,0.0008113671,0.0007655311,0.00008215319,0.0035435215,0.00058043114,0.02727382,0.00003818276,0.00008970061,0.00032796938,0.000344885,0.0051300568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.85413414,0.002801546,0.00050206756,0.0012917314,0.03684277,0.00027352545,0.102590725,0.000045495373,0.001148581,0.00002787358,0.00010746057,0.000234111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007261551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012915392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.106878266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004224982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006335833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407670705","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09797-9","title":"Sexual Assault, Female Immigrant Victims, and Judicial Focal Concerns in U.S. and Canadian Courts","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Sexual assault; Immigration; Criminology; Political science; Psychology; Law; Suicide prevention; Poison control; Medicine; Medical emergency","score_opus":0.016892343453152405,"score_gpt":0.32755567951006137,"score_spread":0.310663336056909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407670705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99461687,0.00082533475,0.00058472506,0.001267178,0.00037103696,0.00006336515,0.000006211451,0.000006190793,0.002259115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997483,0.0009133053,0.0002904674,0.0008510183,0.0003363009,0.0000020588157,7.0918236e-7,0.0000067078936,0.00011640463],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.998477,0.00022340249,0.00039359456,0.00018994219,0.00034290546,0.00037314536],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99862206,0.00037773696,0.00022976038,0.00008438584,0.00032323174,0.0003628108],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008587651,0.00013166147,0.00038455968,0.00054998364,0.0004477488,0.00010066614,0.00017369374,0.000064798,0.00003100693],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047170397,0.00013077146,0.00005418147,0.000597432,0.0007922032,0.0002029511,0.000028255054,0.00037587452,0.0000017549157],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005757873,0.00017402225,0.029235454,0.00021474679,0.00022451801,0.00071686285,0.22483589,0.00015146057,0.00020473498,0.0046861744,0.00068207964,0.7382983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000305422,0.00037672825,0.013889541,0.00010948321,0.0021228094,0.00006784659,0.97749615,0.00018567996,0.000009893416,0.000058174744,0.005226704,0.00015155386],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7148714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.784857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7526603,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023360288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011485905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53327054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407884654","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09798-8","title":"Il Y a Quelque Chose sur la Carte: A Modern Spatial Analysis of Crime in Early 19th Century France","year":2025,"lang":"fr","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Wine Industry and Tourism","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Humanities; Art","score_opus":0.008949144503281912,"score_gpt":0.2501560859529117,"score_spread":0.2412069414496298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407884654","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9786547,0.0058803754,0.0043034884,0.0041354126,0.0013528868,0.00012421476,0.000025984613,0.0000108736485,0.0055120653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946484,0.00030897593,0.00034320028,0.0010734565,0.0023296478,0.0000028203501,0.000004685231,0.00002561628,0.0012632259],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99723244,0.00019671652,0.0012084687,0.00031398275,0.00054246176,0.0005059372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964957,0.00050780794,0.0016664456,0.00030622742,0.00095613475,0.00006766622],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008651699,0.00034858251,0.0012013108,0.0015472851,0.00009185506,0.00016486573,0.0005558071,0.00015982342,0.0001327966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068146735,0.00035916638,0.0004906091,0.003066667,0.0005145221,0.0012290219,0.00013844544,0.0010367325,0.0000102040985],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0046566236,0.0046717403,0.24487156,0.008423841,0.00862992,0.005379348,0.010193175,0.029525932,0.0014401468,0.0073302565,0.013947281,0.66093016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003271978,0.00054137455,0.76249796,0.004124649,0.07005736,0.00007853153,0.0132600665,0.029370952,0.00018529316,0.00047468234,0.11516077,0.00097636244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0323869,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018571397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65995383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000088443034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00043447668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99988604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412361342","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09841-8","title":"The Power of Story: Assessing Crime Attribution before and After Watching Videos of Incarcerated People Serving Life Without Parole Sentences","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Sam Houston State University","keywords":"Attribution; Psychology; Power (physics); Criminology; Social psychology","score_opus":0.011338819388482222,"score_gpt":0.3196871447367016,"score_spread":0.3083483253482194,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412361342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98905075,0.00073280884,0.008609853,0.0009972645,0.00029564567,0.00005895682,0.000002958381,0.0000070142446,0.00024472392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99878603,0.00034578808,0.0005226705,0.00017391903,0.000114437564,0.0000023495559,5.350813e-7,0.0000066010566,0.000047667785],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980188,0.00054002035,0.0005455707,0.00013984164,0.0005077547,0.00024798856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99706274,0.0007051912,0.00088894734,0.00013784568,0.0010820591,0.00012322667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0016035145,0.00012603684,0.0004380143,0.00021147936,0.0007115877,0.000110887835,0.00026516113,0.000040426898,0.000014575127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001123244,0.00009353051,0.0001465225,0.0008099999,0.00069906533,0.00041723085,0.0000682152,0.00030125806,4.2330674e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021484108,0.0005099195,0.31251734,0.0010219222,0.0010673696,0.00003896692,0.40745375,0.00082394213,0.0040712794,0.0027402001,0.0001991965,0.26740772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000139121,0.000326697,0.076549076,0.0003358514,0.0039472664,0.000012769984,0.9175591,0.00051326095,0.00016077398,0.00004972759,0.0003169941,0.000089394496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0065350286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043393523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5101053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085648884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00056872104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9879052},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414705460","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09858-z","title":"“You Can’t Get There from Here”: Use of Crime Scripts in Validity Testing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Scripting language; Witness; Suspect; Crime scene; Narrative; Action (physics); Appeal; Crime prevention; Order (exchange)","score_opus":0.11129861055151874,"score_gpt":0.3697981203470735,"score_spread":0.25849950979555475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414705460","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858743,0.00019027607,0.0032438359,0.0004161481,0.0027462149,0.00006728093,0.000024584913,0.000016674428,0.007420679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923702,0.000032549182,0.0045458083,0.0022690843,0.00020558572,0.0000025273314,0.0000014133904,0.000016966267,0.0005558577],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978477,0.00055554305,0.0008355874,0.0002427406,0.00022800389,0.00029047817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972581,0.0010564312,0.0008469851,0.0003205472,0.0003990705,0.000118835254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046477342,0.00017615977,0.0005435847,0.00041592566,0.00005014464,0.000023181561,0.0002972103,0.00008251736,0.0004335943],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000982854,0.00016441869,0.00012944077,0.0006349227,0.0004871728,0.00012323886,0.00003928858,0.0005501656,0.000027000571],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007151145,0.001892221,0.15657997,0.0002375449,0.00085928227,0.0014332139,0.022484358,0.00030247687,0.01995357,0.0036407223,0.032626767,0.75283873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026613714,0.0025847736,0.90390974,0.00043983044,0.0018786859,0.00061683566,0.07154108,0.000094843905,0.000911484,0.0011832799,0.013779054,0.000398991],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036193824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017787366,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75243974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007870046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012357086,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67047995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416454605","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09875-y","title":"New Survey Approaches to Studying Bullying in Schools: The Development and Validation of an Online School-Wide Bullying Assessment Instrument","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Quarter (Canadian coin); Perception; Survey instrument; Survey data collection; Human factors and ergonomics; Survey research; Survey methodology","score_opus":0.14378601428076176,"score_gpt":0.3655565952229889,"score_spread":0.22177058094222712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416454605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94433314,0.00019162605,0.053904075,0.0007721502,0.00036085423,0.00023018804,0.0000024209637,0.000008013603,0.00019751812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9248593,0.00004124924,0.07453072,0.00038962648,0.000087057124,0.000007684086,0.000008364566,0.00001535776,0.00006067144],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99742013,0.0007166992,0.00095051754,0.0002631887,0.00038859196,0.00026089983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980278,0.0005157587,0.00081660633,0.00022615131,0.00021138645,0.00020228053],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002200111,0.00019130741,0.00041290376,0.0004418373,0.00019688629,0.000075071555,0.00034844913,0.000043802538,0.000034650806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005513294,0.0001467025,0.000038560207,0.0006684513,0.000066138455,0.00021274762,0.00010481729,0.00045749047,0.0000015105796],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011318561,0.0007530884,0.504952,0.00020181206,0.00026269953,0.0000265182,0.026769502,0.007032351,0.00041451567,0.0005109199,0.0002491661,0.45769554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009927223,0.0005575539,0.8302564,0.0007484001,0.00040707993,0.000034110024,0.16585156,0.00025567325,0.00046643766,0.000041398045,0.00020936698,0.00017930087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010929254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023562356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45751622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017977536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006122269,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5982354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7077053435","doi":"10.1007/s12103-025-09855-2","title":"Correlates of Racially Profiled Consumers’ Attitudes on Perpetrator Accountability: An Exploratory Study of Canadian Shoppers","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Criminal Justice","topic":"Theoretical and Computational Physics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Penn State Harrisburg, Pennsylvania State University","keywords":"Attribution; Exploratory research; Publicity; Public opinion; Profiling (computer programming); Sample (material); Punitive damages","score_opus":0.017458291785825572,"score_gpt":0.2984456865480296,"score_spread":0.280987394762204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7077053435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99775994,0.000017860983,0.0004983154,0.00006160447,0.00017750387,0.00012215783,0.000027472179,0.000002965985,0.0013321665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995406,0.0000017618096,0.0002599637,0.00009505773,0.00007893922,0.0000035995326,0.0000030211986,0.000009194468,0.000007810483],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987431,0.00017989331,0.00048965897,0.00013992847,0.00028106157,0.00016634328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830395,0.00035092054,0.00042184867,0.0001533259,0.00059764093,0.0001723004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025984258,0.00014148864,0.00041696275,0.0002976585,0.00007678988,0.000017331571,0.00026450813,0.00001607875,0.00006616886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038597616,0.00012246205,0.0001017443,0.0004509177,0.00040218412,0.00015857529,0.000022040891,0.00023373353,0.000002262376],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0042991815,0.010422621,0.44441834,0.0005176948,0.00210651,0.000039837738,0.050459415,0.0068175513,0.0032403562,0.3507815,0.0002320458,0.12666497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023300333,0.009865652,0.13235182,0.00042639746,0.004453187,0.000004610572,0.8416309,0.00037621983,0.002118789,0.0058623315,0.000093053015,0.00048702763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036795358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006549842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7911715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038458787,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007616642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55623823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}