{"meta":{"query_hash":"217f32930532","filters":{"venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics"},"cohort_total":16,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":16,"exported":16,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/217f32930532","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Annual+Review+of+Linguistics"},"results":[{"id":"W1822239915","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011415-040518","title":"Sentiment Analysis: An Overview from Linguistics","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":402,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Sentiment analysis; Computer science; Natural language processing; Context (archaeology); Field (mathematics); Intersection (aeronautics); Computational linguistics; Linguistics; Social media; Repertoire; Corpus linguistics; Artificial intelligence; Linguistic analysis; World Wide Web; History","score_opus":0.08045031633417499,"score_gpt":0.3777416211088148,"score_spread":0.29729130477463983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1822239915","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00071202015,0.78954434,0.17715946,0.00048281983,0.0071405196,0.0006876575,0.00036990424,0.0003437624,0.023559516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.22644907,0.1547222,0.6003802,0.0089115575,0.0069969045,0.000029172841,0.0015043112,0.000085489104,0.0009210866],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9973522,0.0001898076,0.0009348982,0.0004749017,0.00079285435,0.00025534586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99530035,0.00014683229,0.0005464537,0.0011454298,0.002550576,0.0003103834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00116333,0.0002248241,0.0008247068,0.00018322234,0.000053502,0.00007636074,0.0009875749,0.000060826267,0.000052170413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0058868825,0.00019945226,0.0003548341,0.0013310913,0.00004159636,0.00006070158,0.0003012327,0.000121797915,0.0000875819],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031378404,0.0023013246,0.0251965,0.004850435,0.007988834,0.00022438458,0.008138711,0.0018273317,0.000018099414,0.7728829,0.12328503,0.053255104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003279409,0.00020219626,0.0005345093,0.0025949273,0.002740353,6.619054e-7,0.0002093483,0.04202163,0.00014688462,0.0035499034,0.9471588,0.0005128575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013464858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000109387365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82387376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003811017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015496802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81334275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1944654296","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011415-040800","title":"Contrast in Phonology, 1867–1967: History and Development","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Phonology; Contrast (vision); Generative grammar; Linguistics; Feature (linguistics); Focus (optics); Optimality theory; Sound change; Distinctive feature; Theoretical linguistics; Psychology; History; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","score_opus":0.08281830460630778,"score_gpt":0.381766869888605,"score_spread":0.2989485652822972,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1944654296","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03963246,0.8372555,0.00007484588,0.00045539846,0.0036465742,0.000619816,0.000059510432,0.000033621753,0.118222274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.931,0.05713544,0.0041007344,0.0032172822,0.00053380604,0.00009226932,0.00006920617,0.000052227133,0.0037990666],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873525,0.00015452813,0.00047366886,0.00022060891,0.00013791128,0.00027804112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988529,0.000172479,0.00012370555,0.00023949589,0.00047489512,0.00013654273],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010107593,0.00011929676,0.00040662804,0.00009906744,0.000014188701,0.0000019336323,0.00018235829,0.00011630546,0.00020704253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0032024947,0.00011206135,0.000023087689,0.00008717774,0.00025004815,0.0000072976204,0.00009572713,0.00025634633,0.0001403772],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041048406,0.0014219285,0.056675278,0.0072533116,0.00037615697,0.00060547964,0.06483474,0.0000011447368,0.00007495376,0.037965298,0.6869757,0.1434055],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058694714,0.00014266543,0.017192924,0.000615203,0.000014348343,0.000015736283,0.00029306946,0.000002178197,0.000019513773,0.0003158335,0.9806767,0.00012485606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000181276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000063868334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8913675,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009801712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000388213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45697293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133414707","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011415-040616","title":"Constructing a Proto-Lexicon: An Integrative View of Infant Language Development","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Lexicon; Linguistics; Computer science; Language acquisition; Language development; Text segmentation; Natural language processing; First language; String (physics); Word (group theory); Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Segmentation","score_opus":0.03011639510493548,"score_gpt":0.37890479495012075,"score_spread":0.3487883998451853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133414707","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08977737,0.318423,0.0013254149,0.00019380971,0.003308238,0.004798684,0.00030663295,0.0001980459,0.5816688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85690194,0.004826113,0.13087644,0.0028801842,0.00082888384,0.00044296237,0.000709039,0.00012093285,0.002413488],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983172,0.00015164012,0.0008143156,0.00023126953,0.00027142788,0.00021418264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980233,0.000095330564,0.0004531609,0.00031599432,0.0009853583,0.0001268769],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00086147944,0.0001918521,0.000577698,0.00007271095,0.000022689925,0.0000058702094,0.0002475589,0.00007087312,0.00030437196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004745284,0.00014541227,0.00006633822,0.00024431892,0.00013398795,0.000031478878,0.0000736406,0.00014029535,0.000038300186],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013840191,0.0007192398,0.019552758,0.012657924,0.00044032893,0.00014979768,0.25896567,3.1357695e-7,0.000023477376,0.097104594,0.010659326,0.59958816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027667203,0.00089411746,0.0015722162,0.02724589,0.00031948835,0.00006349355,0.2443474,0.000009795171,0.003053316,0.0011328087,0.7173226,0.0012721493],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012984479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006319152,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7671246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035946443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00046525532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59297407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168687010","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguist-030514-125220","title":"Quotation and Advances in Understanding Syntactic Systems","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Transitive relation; Syntax; Lexicalization; Grammaticalization; Grammar; Computer science; Sociology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.07149659555332712,"score_gpt":0.31403960823917726,"score_spread":0.24254301268585016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2168687010","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0038306706,0.64929944,0.0085373195,0.0051389774,0.024647737,0.0024593351,0.0003994281,0.00021872336,0.30546835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786836,0.019752173,0.00026733527,0.00010721657,0.0010694513,0.000007003242,0.00001976737,0.000014570596,0.00007891014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998872,0.00007907062,0.0005216623,0.00014540595,0.00024915385,0.00013274765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984586,0.0003106449,0.00031141873,0.00012735058,0.0007327041,0.00005927126],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007410544,0.000112455644,0.00032758628,0.00009054423,0.00005010232,0.000042525782,0.00007218818,0.000028916313,0.000014126237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014687614,0.00010296061,0.00002592664,0.000053180156,0.000091538735,0.000085311476,0.000023709945,0.00008185371,0.000009720716],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062426316,0.000024278603,0.00040741227,0.004559791,0.000009135043,0.000005533934,0.01138892,0.000011998455,2.068815e-7,0.9831025,0.000175347,0.00030863192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009996208,0.0004071302,0.00015675728,0.035404064,0.00039328678,0.000014380989,0.092173435,0.0026613972,0.000006280796,0.40916282,0.4579383,0.00068252126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00045486845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031293207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9748529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009992628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006558219,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9936121},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2518929104","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-051216-040225","title":"William Labov: An Appreciation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Mainstream; Sociolinguistics; Globe; Enthusiasm; Variation (astronomy); Narrative; Sociology; Media studies; Linguistics; Political science; Psychology; Law; Social psychology","score_opus":0.02661907798653956,"score_gpt":0.36774859109765257,"score_spread":0.341129513111113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2518929104","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014892332,0.024511812,0.012554365,0.008441132,0.016421156,0.0015354243,0.00069547654,0.00039218576,0.9339592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83468926,0.13222884,0.009259526,0.006175191,0.008534032,0.000025017873,0.00005673582,0.000035897534,0.008995522],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988015,0.00022969014,0.00035358744,0.0001495441,0.00028679628,0.00017885103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976707,0.00025442766,0.00023998016,0.00020394045,0.0015207594,0.00011015702],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012555587,0.00007287505,0.00021143451,0.00003353453,0.00010146018,0.0000066926477,0.00020277646,0.00007480858,0.00037981875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.052671798,0.000052261796,0.000051553583,0.00015321827,0.00014021862,0.000034811637,0.000022754777,0.000043148288,0.00008132936],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005837497,0.000092757306,0.0012587415,0.0004325494,0.000015181553,0.000004136059,0.00302456,1.2135084e-7,0.00002551769,0.93324655,0.019087126,0.042806912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010959037,0.0000478362,0.0005289997,0.00088157237,0.00003130896,2.5841217e-7,0.0001452756,7.848833e-7,0.000020822863,0.004139031,0.9940113,0.00008321424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001465967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009658646,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9749242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004091626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022570972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95530796},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2622700781","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011817-045406","title":"Semantic Typology and Efficient Communication","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Categorization, perception, and language","field":"Psychology","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Typology; Variation (astronomy); Kinship; Linguistics; Set (abstract data type); Computer science; Appeal; Word (group theory); Sociology","score_opus":0.015494522292182754,"score_gpt":0.36296492307966527,"score_spread":0.34747040078748254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2622700781","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13549368,0.3520595,0.003456593,0.00097559666,0.004666322,0.0012325313,0.0001939186,0.00017361889,0.50174826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796616,0.017808134,0.0004941242,0.0008047399,0.00047818822,0.0000053809154,0.000057105713,0.000011247732,0.0006795242],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992776,0.00011623126,0.00029154538,0.00012919682,0.00007630237,0.00010910746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987529,0.00010057806,0.0001341389,0.0003759694,0.00060004805,0.000036354326],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003642154,0.000074231924,0.000192856,0.00003930356,0.00006709571,0.0000038055543,0.000116055,0.000054936703,0.0008916004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013169446,0.00006629589,0.000029830651,0.00012341047,0.00025674803,0.0000051634324,0.00004013625,0.00006262256,0.00015273667],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052817668,0.0004981303,0.0068222303,0.004969776,0.00012473745,0.000009085453,0.040976264,0.0000011688142,0.00007646202,0.8451297,0.071741514,0.029598113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005015526,0.00042229556,0.03802018,0.002259338,0.00028581,0.000042223222,0.0031734095,0.00008181023,0.00003582893,0.0014046216,0.9534647,0.00030826588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014007675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031283394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88172317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007779528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001881347,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9762399},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765417486","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011817-045537","title":"Phonological Knowledge and Speech Comprehension","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Comprehension; Speech perception; Perception; Neurocomputational speech processing; Cognitive psychology; Computer science; Motor theory of speech perception; Task (project management); Psychology","score_opus":0.07317464645013659,"score_gpt":0.4462584349116,"score_spread":0.3730837884614634,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765417486","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11762791,0.4576943,0.000039177452,0.0009473633,0.0039888136,0.00065833994,0.00019140671,0.000049721664,0.41880298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91115654,0.085496806,0.0008325178,0.00033471143,0.00048190393,0.000008689091,0.000012108985,0.000014681483,0.00166206],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901456,0.00010976212,0.00030381329,0.00023697212,0.00010430226,0.00023062098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99822575,0.00023958535,0.00018947296,0.000702584,0.0005474561,0.00009514434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005031359,0.00011559476,0.00039255593,0.00003517512,0.0001684022,0.000014117154,0.00040178487,0.00012650041,0.00034190234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004549212,0.00009266449,0.000059173868,0.000038801376,0.00045397464,0.000009157377,0.0003192005,0.00025707352,0.00024578415],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023256445,0.0014262472,0.023945538,0.010814433,0.0003786395,0.00049393513,0.0054995106,8.408943e-8,0.0006149326,0.110738784,0.2984165,0.54743886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042348294,0.00035287702,0.12278471,0.0018714722,0.00005993205,0.000039177572,0.00005464103,0.000011490468,0.00013966062,0.0029720936,0.87111753,0.00017291545],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000081112805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008190064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7935286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006040977,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032840242,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.544616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885292263","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011718-012353","title":"Cross-Modal Effects in Speech Perception","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Multisensory perception and integration","field":"Psychology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Modalities; Congruence (geometry); Modal; Perception; Stimulus modality; Psychology; Sensation; Speech perception; Focus (optics); Cognitive psychology; Speech recognition; Computer science; Communication; Social psychology; Sociology; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.03169100043112411,"score_gpt":0.4316582145117845,"score_spread":0.3999672140806604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2885292263","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48225456,0.00823235,0.0013068166,0.00019670304,0.008762698,0.0014203348,0.0001249414,0.00011987571,0.49758172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9851983,0.003632235,0.0028394235,0.0021168438,0.0019153259,0.00001957045,0.000054528897,0.000022270206,0.004201461],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881476,0.00015408295,0.00047773827,0.00021505887,0.00016690472,0.00017142433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99864614,0.00009098567,0.00013759459,0.00028013444,0.0007952954,0.00004982648],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004657172,0.000119646975,0.00027528434,0.000078808785,0.000033103912,0.000008517458,0.00011909356,0.00010668297,0.0057724323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0038032292,0.000105777355,0.000080679776,0.00016986596,0.0001558537,0.000024329283,0.000019333489,0.00015021225,0.0018146607],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003525803,0.0014544403,0.05774951,0.014076292,0.000090274785,0.00011043506,0.021065988,0.0000016562375,0.003866557,0.06666588,0.14863825,0.6859281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00079145463,0.0007394248,0.44629544,0.005655391,0.00005202755,0.000016199943,0.00047541287,0.0001552432,0.00017697261,0.00037151907,0.5449626,0.00030834283],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013618675,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035252564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6856198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003927491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021710946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895146711","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011718-012503","title":"The Syntax–Prosody Interface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Prosody; Syntax; Linguistics; Computer science; Hierarchy; Phonology; Focus (optics); Sentence; Phrase; Natural language processing; Artificial intelligence; Speech recognition; Physics","score_opus":0.030165889794757633,"score_gpt":0.4338288800886526,"score_spread":0.40366299029389496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895146711","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.007955328,0.43692625,0.00041595934,0.0024756943,0.010304641,0.00090057147,0.00023130227,0.000063992826,0.54072624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9366888,0.051887877,0.0003446453,0.0012275066,0.001790336,0.000030104418,0.0000068946156,0.000028422297,0.007995444],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988319,0.00015930558,0.0003754228,0.0001754064,0.00016670655,0.00029120772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976886,0.00047164262,0.0001403279,0.0005832734,0.001052172,0.00006402119],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00093320094,0.00009967005,0.00022945176,0.00002288702,0.00012837628,0.000009602915,0.00048815194,0.000067042514,0.0005347796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006023343,0.000065069304,0.00006832034,0.00017014696,0.00056345947,0.0000047032427,0.00013869721,0.00022609688,0.0010207167],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017404878,0.00028906087,0.0008080187,0.0020806314,0.00033772836,0.000030522253,0.0068644728,8.720021e-8,0.00019282055,0.117900856,0.7867522,0.08456952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009155462,0.00036986632,0.0010819961,0.00090678106,0.000030311316,0.0000075432295,0.00016504458,0.0000039589313,0.0003813807,0.0018444053,0.9950367,0.00008042443],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000064541855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016860424,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92873347,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009699326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054051194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997571},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2909575916","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-052418-094326","title":"Language, Gender, and Sexuality","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Gender Studies in Language","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Human sexuality; Performative utterance; Field (mathematics); Variety (cybernetics); Queer; Queer theory; Agency (philosophy); Sociology; Identity (music); Language and gender; Gender studies; Focus (optics); Linguistics; Gender identity; Epistemology; Psychology; Social science; Computer science; Aesthetics; Philosophy; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02798524963168519,"score_gpt":0.3928600537941981,"score_spread":0.3648748041625129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2909575916","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008177541,0.26967546,0.000032162166,0.00021442877,0.0013125178,0.00047061904,0.00008124968,0.00004951362,0.7199865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8952398,0.09734877,0.0022990804,0.0017784119,0.0008119262,0.00000482776,0.0000090731755,0.000013821608,0.0024943128],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989803,0.00014080516,0.00023936787,0.00015409858,0.00030211295,0.00018333716],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990235,0.00020436314,0.000120196186,0.00022960384,0.0003581997,0.00006414207],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010741684,0.00007968739,0.00026788865,0.000017439228,0.00007955744,0.000007297311,0.00016613114,0.00004282556,0.00019410104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008858787,0.00007182285,0.00004171259,0.00012949029,0.00016559902,0.000016213991,0.000105704436,0.0000848546,0.00004540279],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010704397,0.00019838079,0.028497986,0.030120373,0.00018875021,0.000040261457,0.29035667,5.7486716e-7,0.000026136382,0.54604805,0.05953045,0.044981655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010179493,0.000034712004,0.0019240562,0.0007794194,0.000052527525,7.158123e-7,0.033664864,9.871169e-7,0.000010888456,0.00064772967,0.96263665,0.0001456394],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032435646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038303813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9031062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018901303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000723105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2980478932","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030452","title":"Techniques in Complex Semantic Fieldwork","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Storyboard; Ambiguity; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Natural language; Natural language processing; Linguistics; Artificial intelligence; History; Philosophy; Multimedia","score_opus":0.014680810755669634,"score_gpt":0.3240125467029751,"score_spread":0.30933173594730545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2980478932","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00091265596,0.5287395,0.35819763,0.003915635,0.0018787808,0.0035383287,0.000046948626,0.0022637194,0.100506745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2771033,0.0093079,0.7104862,0.0028116773,0.00011770964,0.000009479951,0.000007856741,0.000011396345,0.00014452022],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892914,0.000051096766,0.0004070649,0.0002182433,0.0002234257,0.00017100012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987336,0.00013480982,0.00017750447,0.0005235065,0.00040024382,0.000030337182],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004997785,0.00011518189,0.00034823598,0.000086782005,0.000013877994,0.000017698747,0.00084353326,0.00006216298,0.000025790892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020438212,0.00009749037,0.00006034898,0.00041933285,0.000026292313,0.000060096354,0.0002478808,0.00018881666,0.000020830788],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007922906,0.000216458,0.0036304467,0.030938193,0.00002164113,0.0001088383,0.0009171581,8.6716454e-7,0.00064904743,0.6743103,0.03218334,0.25701576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031981114,0.0005926318,0.00066373975,0.06526132,0.000044784956,0.000038940547,0.000056581972,0.0017631111,0.02333643,0.1276992,0.77905804,0.0011654304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003057643,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000026629846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7468747,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019578982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050618324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3975542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3217783107","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-032521-053717","title":"Navigating Accent Variation: A Developmental Perspective","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Stress (linguistics); Variation (astronomy); Psychology; Sophistication; Perspective (graphical); Cognitive psychology; Perception; Interpretation (philosophy); Linguistics; Computer science; Sociology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.04138851202314967,"score_gpt":0.4391832023324475,"score_spread":0.3977946903092978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3217783107","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.025380319,0.45286113,0.00074820255,0.004668531,0.006063861,0.00094644056,0.000604656,0.000090657944,0.5086362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91525525,0.054015808,0.019991694,0.006199126,0.0017760689,0.00007294274,0.000164803,0.000060817674,0.0024635047],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998828,0.00015284722,0.00036757652,0.00023653227,0.0002012895,0.00021375103],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974632,0.00021765188,0.0001287925,0.000216041,0.0019070577,0.000067205765],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004104835,0.00009745336,0.00027000613,0.000012783388,0.00005975727,0.0000075913927,0.00016087716,0.00006614851,0.0016415911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006500403,0.00009565577,0.00007226181,0.00027445983,0.00006617143,0.000010954423,0.00012202028,0.00032054176,0.00018121055],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000109854635,0.002009898,0.004030658,0.0074798646,0.0014593764,0.0013980132,0.13433515,0.0000023997857,0.0011818475,0.70819634,0.060405236,0.07939138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014623367,0.00044785882,0.048403714,0.014524842,0.00030845014,0.00034518706,0.019233605,0.000021910177,0.002944362,0.0137207145,0.89771736,0.0008696507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001250177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060836596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88987494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006401649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002679133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99927104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4230301126","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030459","title":"Fantastic Linguistics","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Language and cultural evolution","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Positive Living North","funders":"","keywords":"Reincarnation; Variety (cybernetics); Linguistics; Paranormal; Computer science; Philosophy; Epistemology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.012535784210384185,"score_gpt":0.3403832646346162,"score_spread":0.327847480424232,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4230301126","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0016505322,0.08224197,0.000072392904,0.00023104892,0.004918608,0.00069286436,0.00011656116,0.000097821074,0.9099782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9218014,0.065113634,0.0014661219,0.0016239533,0.0036878614,0.0000050413964,0.00005267721,0.00001736654,0.0062319404],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879974,0.00009550793,0.00033542083,0.0001437514,0.00039957033,0.0002260222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977067,0.00016491312,0.00018557323,0.00019766108,0.0016569663,0.00008818901],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058355625,0.00009582968,0.0002752609,0.00002236065,0.00009719145,0.000011393955,0.00022554668,0.000067906796,0.0005279644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.036373816,0.00007843928,0.000101464866,0.00023133843,0.00010576197,0.000016414124,0.000038161026,0.000112398346,0.00037989684],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001500855,0.00014533274,0.0026100925,0.009370073,0.000059638387,0.000024433833,0.010587368,0.000005955413,0.000032375414,0.89487606,0.069007814,0.013265861],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007010675,0.000048585345,0.00011497607,0.0027203488,0.00006400213,3.387372e-7,0.0013362523,0.0000063730554,0.000016050537,0.00080653373,0.99469554,0.00012089701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039872093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005507306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92568773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042178563,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017363392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9717432},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297822142","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-031120-015324","title":"Ethics in Linguistics","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Reciprocal; Sociology; Applied linguistics; Normative; Intersectionality; Engineering ethics; Epistemology; Linguistics; Gender studies; Philosophy","score_opus":0.07972120516879946,"score_gpt":0.3771243598689069,"score_spread":0.2974031547001075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297822142","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000238849,0.11289608,0.000011357662,0.0009488622,0.0027084197,0.00039554876,0.0007946515,0.00007207192,0.88193417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95000815,0.037788797,0.0010568546,0.005128696,0.002011726,0.00007197013,0.00023967183,0.000049923376,0.0036442145],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982188,0.00032262295,0.00065820245,0.00015513526,0.00045399094,0.00019125697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970319,0.0006426009,0.00033031186,0.0005830396,0.0013698298,0.000042274336],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013815198,0.00013917999,0.0003651136,0.00009121233,0.00027657405,0.000030389552,0.00055762776,0.00003201076,0.0015421774],"category_scores_gemma":[0.019606082,0.00013296427,0.00009437263,0.0001137486,0.00025467257,0.000015646303,0.00029556255,0.00077681616,0.000024430909],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004526729,0.00012124693,0.000048049802,0.002012765,0.000014083959,0.000014366163,0.026303058,0.00001652403,2.6346237e-7,0.9570458,0.013941962,0.00047734095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010518392,0.00007079607,0.00001373064,0.0011780121,0.000043499138,0.0000010522269,0.01621982,0.000015136322,0.0000029242924,0.0067918776,0.97540563,0.0001523107],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003223526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002954887,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9614637,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048829213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002863638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389070027","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-022421-064837","title":"Biased Polar Questions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Negation; Linguistics; Divergence (linguistics); Empirical evidence; Psychology; Epistemology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.03709221941745003,"score_gpt":0.3431239129393999,"score_spread":0.3060316935219499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389070027","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0005123885,0.14784114,0.000018308512,0.0011554811,0.002123097,0.00028665457,0.0013497501,0.0002964727,0.8464167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6838609,0.23895693,0.00084960414,0.005801247,0.010428509,0.000067254674,0.00073652755,0.00010569781,0.05919334],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999107,0.00005578616,0.0003478233,0.00011720055,0.00021810284,0.00015408115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985501,0.0002001306,0.00013253982,0.00024723835,0.000836085,0.0000339125],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049331435,0.000101710495,0.0003116246,0.00009382982,0.00013855261,0.000018693521,0.00015279853,0.000014570309,0.00084128784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009735973,0.000080889804,0.0001459747,0.00014265502,0.00021812096,0.000021988748,0.000060780138,0.00007111738,0.00042429334],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019021709,0.00005763127,0.00006169754,0.0030187946,0.00017639715,0.000027815555,0.009061822,0.0000024919523,0.000001003442,0.71060646,0.27194872,0.005035273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003455604,0.00003591158,0.000041300395,0.0026992513,0.00023310613,2.1562161e-7,0.0030682567,0.0000098143055,0.00000349717,0.0010258374,0.9927504,0.00009782996],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016249629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013387315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78722334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000075820885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032834374,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99860543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416118684","doi":"10.1146/annurev-linguistics-031522-100650","title":"Prosodic Intensification: Between Grammar and Pragmatics","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Annual Review of Linguistics","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Realization (probability); Pragmatics; Prosody; Grammar; Spoken language; Pitch accent; Property (philosophy); Term (time)","score_opus":0.028779511796143305,"score_gpt":0.41560825641431615,"score_spread":0.38682874461817285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416118684","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.020215847,0.58769304,0.0028284932,0.009141726,0.0043080505,0.0029544837,0.0006415483,0.00013775978,0.37207907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9310359,0.05909451,0.0028620835,0.0019825276,0.00047290666,0.000061123,0.00008900284,0.000022038641,0.0043799095],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989352,0.00011590166,0.00046083255,0.0001889061,0.00011754712,0.00018161918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99819046,0.00040967812,0.00013554431,0.00038765973,0.00081970607,0.000056963843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066239166,0.00009923146,0.00035442112,0.00007743854,0.00004712222,0.000007172607,0.00019975538,0.000093271825,0.000065756765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00607766,0.00008744261,0.000042521955,0.0002739745,0.00023092842,0.000004893282,0.00009733367,0.00022149285,0.00004100988],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048223417,0.00034804447,0.0443445,0.025307603,0.000571065,0.000030515026,0.0056162993,1.2877572e-7,0.000048527698,0.5572364,0.20029382,0.16615488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034511648,0.00023258833,0.06353928,0.005011235,0.0002628455,0.0000055497785,0.00034312246,0.000010183738,0.000099537574,0.022655722,0.9073072,0.0001876103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033968994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018648233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91082007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000904484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008079513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7275966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}