{"meta":{"query_hash":"4a624c9b6cc3","filters":{"venue":"Aquatic Biosystems"},"cohort_total":5,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"exported":5,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/4a624c9b6cc3","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Aquatic+Biosystems"},"results":[{"id":"W2097359864","doi":"10.1186/2046-9063-8-3","title":"Prey items and predation behavior of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Nunavut, Canada based on Inuit hunter interviews","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Biosystems","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Oceans Limited (Canada); Research Manitoba; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"University of Manitoba","keywords":"Predation; Whale; Arctic; Ecology; Geography; Fishery; Biology","score_opus":0.020048461788526248,"score_gpt":0.23366046341965085,"score_spread":0.2136120016311246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097359864","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99734604,0.00019699294,0.00005177124,0.00006191958,0.0000038597013,0.00004023217,0.0007673617,0.0000025360962,0.001529262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963903,0.00043614805,0.0002908469,0.00009289246,0.0000021765504,0.000051695686,0.0006767122,0.0000036104946,0.0020555782],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996475,0.000040700743,0.000022733495,0.000074451455,0.00008409545,0.00013044711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989698,0.00009652271,0.00017500622,0.000026277196,0.0005107177,0.00022161586],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005782929,0.00036106422,0.00023581744,0.0014350743,0.0038146877,0.0009451723,0.00079316885,0.0002640203,0.0016875266],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011281095,0.0002990228,0.0002371238,0.0019709584,0.0008037572,0.00033976385,0.001068085,0.00037638753,0.00016287844],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006875805,0.000052344345,0.9219607,0.00013030153,0.000029474317,0.0004539455,0.066866994,0.00007907847,0.0015452883,0.00012187649,0.0012089127,0.0074824058],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000020458895,0.000033479802,0.92177063,0.00007640339,0.000016643731,0.00010077777,0.075368404,0.0001432341,0.00018450718,0.000017506389,0.0022697782,0.000016543274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98837715,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99685633,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013185879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.013185879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009327418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0956707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2119821250","doi":"10.1186/2046-9063-8-6","title":"Loss of trophic complexity in saline prairie lakes as indicated by stable-isotope based community-metrics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Biosystems","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan; University of Regina","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecology; Food web; Trophic state index; Lake ecosystem; Trophic cascade; Environmental science; Zooplankton; Ecosystem; Biology; Phytoplankton; Nutrient","score_opus":0.036398478286839266,"score_gpt":0.2711309759651636,"score_spread":0.23473249767832435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2119821250","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998584,0.000019965853,0.000038509752,0.0000036070405,1.6101504e-7,0.0000010494155,0.00002381235,0.000001138046,0.000053410306],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975127,0.000019073304,0.000094242445,0.0000051406782,5.665955e-7,0.0000027446301,0.00006201016,6.316918e-7,0.000064238775],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998235,0.00003234721,0.00002227081,0.000045566834,0.000042198855,0.000034177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994616,0.00007583673,0.00024190993,0.000045586366,0.00006782872,0.00010738845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037894104,0.00015692189,0.00023355211,0.0007565749,0.00044307185,0.000606823,0.00018520508,0.00019657155,0.0004734994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089851575,0.00029619646,0.00020897253,0.0005491428,0.00054963346,0.00048088335,0.0008106738,0.00025888954,0.0000691924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000113960225,0.00002606776,0.97548836,0.000020359741,0.00010733717,0.00007539411,0.00068544585,0.00022101018,0.02044498,0.00003395665,0.000031477295,0.002751723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.697397e-7,0.000019316094,0.9995906,7.16238e-7,0.000004061876,0.0000232424,0.000076609605,0.00014411505,0.000107366366,0.000012119273,0.00001978869,0.0000014194528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013536428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0416996,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013536428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00052853476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003766095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.026915252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120046852","doi":"10.1186/2046-9063-8-17","title":"Disruption of Yarrowia lipolytica biofilms by rhamnolipid biosurfactant","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Biosystems","topic":"Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Bhabha Atomic Research Centre","keywords":"Rhamnolipid; Yarrowia; Biofilm; Chemistry; Pulmonary surfactant; Microbiology; Aspergillus fumigatus; Chromatography; Bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Biology; Yeast; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.008577604419914526,"score_gpt":0.21496871415878405,"score_spread":0.2063911097388695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120046852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9945971,0.0018418356,0.0028619147,0.00008268144,0.000011368812,0.000026859636,0.00014164031,0.000030388273,0.0004060651],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99047685,0.001219854,0.006751167,0.00005363223,0.000009070104,0.00004966797,0.0002956109,0.000012159339,0.0011319568],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997738,0.00004730227,0.000029945504,0.000040220217,0.00006397233,0.000044758373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981517,0.000044320084,0.00006927028,0.000017667686,0.000034059678,0.000019532526],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002811146,0.00047563028,0.0003022089,0.00017132681,0.00014051254,0.00030943562,0.0002282778,0.0003508593,0.0004498636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002199389,0.00011474787,0.00028772347,0.00015362215,0.00017749364,0.00023662286,0.00035977404,0.0004073337,0.00022933347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018907762,0.000010286651,0.00011204364,0.00002096944,0.000002040981,0.000016615902,0.000004561314,0.000017898315,0.9995228,0.000005802487,0.0000041496355,0.00026392067],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003047817,0.00013192864,0.0016427472,0.0000051414872,0.000007082867,0.00006653385,0.000015394535,0.00019665674,0.99761605,0.000007297512,0.00030605137,0.0000019648257],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009344531,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010742224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009344531,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022034401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022896816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0018580556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120166498","doi":"10.1186/2046-9063-8-29","title":"Interactive effects of chemical and biological controls on food-web composition in saline prairie lakes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Biosystems","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan; University of Regina","keywords":"Salinity; Invertebrate; Littoral zone; Ecology; Food web; Biota; Biology; Zooplankton; Predation","score_opus":0.009648136618894097,"score_gpt":0.23586505605416777,"score_spread":0.22621691943527367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120166498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99986327,0.000024094723,0.000020890322,0.00000515621,3.8861344e-7,0.0000015801094,0.000021896545,0.0000016603935,0.000061004343],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975735,0.000018672676,0.00006719762,0.000011834591,9.831888e-7,0.000003776453,0.0000519816,0.0000016855744,0.000086564265],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99973613,0.00008115976,0.000027697139,0.00006851918,0.000048677673,0.00003787115],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929166,0.00018794269,0.00018062796,0.00003855339,0.00008713316,0.00021415332],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003709964,0.00021696255,0.0002896774,0.0005583283,0.00042284193,0.0006361509,0.00023114054,0.0002604078,0.0008802363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089176116,0.00029987554,0.00025010042,0.00035938818,0.000692222,0.00038076413,0.00083552924,0.00023718324,0.00009237822],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000663279,0.00015698868,0.88958615,0.000048124857,0.0002505246,0.00022052643,0.00053551677,0.0004713752,0.10485417,0.00007986664,0.000061949606,0.0030714977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026641467,0.000058217374,0.9992706,5.9144196e-7,0.000008414664,0.000013646695,0.000090652626,0.00025601382,0.0002575635,0.000015994594,0.000022758866,0.0000028996749],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009768117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025343057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009768117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057731726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003297831,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019422531},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130520300","doi":"10.1186/2046-9063-10-5","title":"Analysis of β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) in spirulina-containing supplements by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Aquatic Biosystems","topic":"Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Spirulina (dietary supplement); Cyanobacteria; Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; Arthrospira; Chromatography; Tandem mass spectrometry; Chemistry; Food science; Ingredient; Mass spectrometry; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Bacteria; Raw material; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.00789907737354679,"score_gpt":0.2431773972114797,"score_spread":0.23527831983793293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130520300","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98028654,0.005468305,0.011713162,0.0000820986,0.000050668463,0.000104696235,0.0008064538,0.00020119867,0.0012868005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9376589,0.0038401592,0.054010827,0.00037481033,0.000034679117,0.00024020093,0.0015117725,0.00009948529,0.00222923],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991014,0.00016842195,0.0000910164,0.0002250659,0.00034794124,0.000066275796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935335,0.0001549524,0.0001558884,0.000040388994,0.00023338056,0.00006200629],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080401613,0.0011083964,0.0005275083,0.0014520274,0.0004971711,0.00061934267,0.00031119533,0.0007849969,0.00066266966],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011066609,0.00027274012,0.0004485302,0.0008225643,0.00050911185,0.0003587036,0.0004861328,0.00039886386,0.00042662164],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000096853444,0.000026286038,0.0034006787,0.000074344935,0.000046766938,0.00008973468,0.00005577144,0.000058853486,0.9939644,0.000015787493,0.000012508434,0.0021580786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012597243,0.00062373345,0.031786766,0.000048205322,0.0001150269,0.00041861925,0.0001867696,0.001555681,0.96347106,0.000050077535,0.0017017962,0.000029812085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013790388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021015843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014520274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023399165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005290983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0042521358},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}