{"meta":{"query_hash":"a6d5f4e1d9c6","filters":{"venue":"Biosystems"},"cohort_total":162,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":162,"exported":162,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/a6d5f4e1d9c6","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Biosystems"},"results":[{"id":"W1792091924","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2015.10.002","title":"The identification of cis-regulatory elements: A review from a machine learning perspective","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Child and Family Research Institute; University of British Columbia; National Research Council Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Genome Canada","keywords":"Enhancer; Computational biology; Biology; Regulatory sequence; Promoter; Chromatin; Transcription factor; Genome; Noncoding DNA; DNA sequencing; Histone; DNA binding site; Genetics; Gene; Computer science; Gene expression","score_opus":0.01938759512497126,"score_gpt":0.30150111121557505,"score_spread":0.2821135160906038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1792091924","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00011244685,0.9981353,0.000033028897,0.00001541222,0.00030517424,0.0008400742,0.00035487127,0.000008086923,0.0001955804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006137207,0.9970023,0.000033328473,0.000009781538,0.00023544012,0.00009836589,0.0012635081,0.000046383426,0.0006971939],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978758,0.0003140492,0.0010410922,0.00039172362,0.00021543229,0.00016190675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975217,0.000022997043,0.001398889,0.0007246715,0.0002768835,0.0000548385],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010502784,0.00026939117,0.00078712974,0.00003077463,0.00009090816,0.00003345279,0.0004654231,0.00021371347,0.0000044098],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017821288,0.00018440126,0.00034974667,0.000109433124,0.00005167082,0.0000016023863,0.00015556892,0.00014663456,0.000022716687],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036519574,0.0002011105,0.00005538343,0.075706236,0.0036946612,0.000004903714,0.00021946608,0.000006618261,0.00670731,0.0010900779,0.013964488,0.8983132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009175541,0.000058729183,0.0000016464107,0.0063205347,0.00037857154,0.000008434983,0.00009000608,0.00005093564,0.000028799363,0.000019919758,0.9927601,0.00019052837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008482032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004454906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97879565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011665975,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026182889,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.75196654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964353269","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.05.009","title":"Simulation of the effects of microtubules in the cortical rotation of amphibian embryos in normal and zero gravity","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Canadian Space Agency; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Rotation (mathematics); Buoyancy; Physics; Mechanics; Gravitational field; Cytoplasm; Drag; Microtubule; Classical mechanics; Stiffness; Biology; Geometry; Mathematics; Cell biology","score_opus":0.006144892630962201,"score_gpt":0.23360657542393354,"score_spread":0.22746168279297133,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964353269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987739,0.00055662537,0.0001717293,0.000008756929,0.00008459344,0.0003757099,0.000009189153,6.3907527e-7,0.000018907627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998876,0.000021941027,0.000022931976,0.000013733,0.000026797736,0.000007666573,0.000010110153,0.000004170302,0.000005044868],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993614,0.00016081,0.00023631676,0.000074990916,0.00007188188,0.00009458172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996074,0.000064951375,0.000124135,0.00016111242,0.000029303661,0.000013087792],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028390763,0.00005953868,0.00011615549,0.000027109745,0.0000130046665,0.0000024083795,0.0000846763,0.00008716299,2.451418e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011492584,0.00003845427,0.00003769312,0.00007949166,0.000056152177,0.000003848388,0.00003428783,0.000042374,1.2051636e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020781432,0.00006491851,0.23913154,0.00019681918,0.000005638355,6.106793e-8,0.00028004972,0.00008762961,0.76003027,0.000042451255,0.0000057657244,0.00013405942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003628129,0.000077281096,0.36096323,0.000082368984,0.000011002612,0.0000018977072,0.00011335184,0.0004011253,0.6378918,0.0000072990297,0.00004447594,0.00004332889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000100098034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020352539,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12213844,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000050761487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013446712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15681195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965095041","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2006.04.010","title":"Optimal signal in sensory neurons under an extended rate coding concept","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Akademie Věd České Republiky","keywords":"Fisher information; Inflection point; Sigmoid function; Mathematics; Estimator; Point process; Parametric statistics; Transfer function; Algorithm; Computer science; Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Artificial neural network","score_opus":0.03711818905034501,"score_gpt":0.25922912395851183,"score_spread":0.22211093490816683,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965095041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970431,0.000011317838,0.00055038463,0.00028919498,0.000745076,0.0002441653,0.000029239043,0.00010925116,0.0009783093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983585,0.0000016557977,0.000024688718,0.0003289789,0.00019768534,0.000008463868,0.000008078743,0.000020590945,0.0010513718],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998534,0.0002955559,0.000266067,0.00043288205,0.00017262956,0.00029884148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995197,0.00012818965,0.00009000939,0.00018254895,0.000018216937,0.00006130205],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017148566,0.00014277184,0.00015555171,0.000100723424,0.00011346068,0.00010053851,0.00013477301,0.00006594634,0.000028301256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002354505,0.00013022262,0.000045031124,0.00022617712,0.00006265,0.00020763917,0.000029655703,0.00013678873,0.00002477768],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022087484,0.000062869985,0.00017529716,0.000008413881,6.3796193e-7,0.00006470125,0.00002391967,0.006060792,0.976788,0.016568527,0.00010433302,0.00012041716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018733635,0.000539616,0.02841808,0.000060962255,0.000012903439,0.00023399125,0.0003496668,0.3943291,0.5695715,0.00077539973,0.003045528,0.00078987656],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011103013,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006780147,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4072165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005272284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025053798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5310324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969079384","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2010.08.001","title":"Towards information processing from nonlinear physical chemistry: A synthetic electrochemical cognitive system","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Dissipative system; Computer science; sort; Associative property; Information processing; Nonlinear system; Pattern formation; Mechanism (biology); Self-organization; Cognition; Complex system; Range (aeronautics); Distributive property; Physical system; Artificial intelligence; Biological system; Cognitive science; Theoretical computer science; Distributed computing; Neuroscience; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Biology; Psychology","score_opus":0.00667747823439543,"score_gpt":0.19272670540042106,"score_spread":0.18604922716602562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969079384","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99764925,0.00006261761,0.0000052597843,0.0001682633,0.00008984594,0.00018840659,0.00020293424,0.00020648196,0.0014269598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982658,0.000005422633,0.00003238704,0.000057924502,0.0010776755,0.00003887042,0.00050787465,8.2359367e-7,0.000013189655],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989828,0.000032666492,0.00021850309,0.0002669403,0.00016920031,0.00032987655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948984,0.0001282628,0.000136211,0.000040579645,0.00011853886,0.00008659218],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000086388274,0.00019569186,0.00030155855,0.000005331461,0.00020263423,0.000067011155,0.00020678926,0.0002112494,0.00002600839],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010503467,0.00006880838,0.00009598405,0.00018148292,0.00009905141,0.00012145758,0.00006173518,0.0002815009,0.00009414452],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006259055,0.000045488887,0.00013894468,0.000024978866,0.000019420644,0.0000016441161,0.000042707477,1.3705675e-8,0.98541987,0.000019474719,0.000029771476,0.014195115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000481325,0.00044977895,0.01630122,0.00026132687,0.0000999739,0.00007685064,0.0017040924,0.00425773,0.96337175,0.00010640994,0.012083013,0.00080653484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000145596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003261959,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022048105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002270541,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015362551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2805924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1969409494","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(03)00148-5","title":"A study on the interplay between energy and matter transformation: the effect of elevated temperatures on the leaf morphology of Vitis vinifera var. Merlot","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Horticultural and Viticultural Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Vitis vinifera; Transformation (genetics); Morphology (biology); Horticulture; Botany; Biology; Plant development; Shoot","score_opus":0.02337749585955681,"score_gpt":0.27313790258939424,"score_spread":0.24976040672983743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1969409494","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99380106,0.000062842184,1.369867e-7,0.004758284,0.000060564693,0.00069703325,0.00004445454,0.000009767365,0.0005658695],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99945515,0.000011969173,1.5152523e-7,0.00017506919,0.00007265166,0.000074988806,0.000010354542,0.0000011230229,0.00019856334],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978074,0.0011829225,0.0003076074,0.0001799832,0.00031524056,0.00020685837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982672,0.0014230192,0.00009793903,0.00010422822,0.00006627307,0.000041364845],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007784873,0.00016369585,0.0002645697,0.0000101781425,0.00025867258,0.000058250567,0.0002888222,0.00006867569,0.00015107734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095622054,0.000029104769,0.000089393776,0.0002698727,0.0001333329,0.00004321389,0.000025690164,0.00014962068,0.0000139364165],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022396809,0.00012224146,0.029113788,0.000037791757,0.00020382334,0.0000054624725,0.001858746,0.000001141114,0.9607077,0.0030415768,0.0028482191,0.0018354958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004033716,0.0066523203,0.3329984,0.00014452833,0.000054291497,0.000038743437,0.0061538164,0.000005403369,0.6482136,0.0000300155,0.005109661,0.00019581045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032632245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012720861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3124941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011123406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033842366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19895263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1970801110","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.11.008","title":"Feedforward non-Michaelis–Menten mechanism for CO2 uptake by Rubisco: Contribution of carbonic anhydrases and photorespiration to optimization of photosynthetic carbon assimilation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photorespiration; RuBisCO; Chloroplast stroma; Photosynthesis; Chloroplast; Bicarbonate; Thylakoid; Carbon fixation; Carbonic anhydrase; Biophysics; Ribulose; Electron transport chain; Biology; Biochemistry; Chemistry; Enzyme","score_opus":0.010827568905654674,"score_gpt":0.22121452622902868,"score_spread":0.210386957323374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1970801110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9287137,0.00016380622,0.069240786,0.00002041748,0.00020082794,0.0011927624,0.00024944195,0.00001112647,0.00020716446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99851346,0.00008171112,0.0009095915,0.000042281663,0.000043085645,0.00015852517,0.0001938545,0.000026115591,0.000031392563],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998866,0.00003157125,0.00043201214,0.00032466502,0.00014875639,0.00019698373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998997,0.000011576015,0.00033507767,0.00023412616,0.00033870607,0.000083539264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027101164,0.00017502689,0.00028135846,0.00007715546,0.000043765125,0.000010025006,0.00011279082,0.00018335706,0.0000027375913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000120490105,0.00016818373,0.00006870763,0.00009405961,0.000030790055,0.000007098766,0.0000433311,0.00002622484,1.8443046e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023535476,0.00006879204,0.000068668545,0.00011561603,0.000044770346,1.2989365e-7,0.000115833645,0.00005887528,0.99877495,0.00039525496,0.000015517258,0.00010626433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072024873,0.0010624507,0.000023484206,0.00010624808,0.00007231313,0.0000040954005,0.00014447908,0.01042869,0.98700196,0.00009212355,0.0001768876,0.00016701923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024252529,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005410594,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06979977,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022789529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005932515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6858334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974604733","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2008.10.005","title":"The effect of developmental variation on hybridization and rarity in Stipoid grasses","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Variation (astronomy); Biology; Ontogeny; Evolutionary biology; Ecology; Genetics","score_opus":0.026404225992335918,"score_gpt":0.18562341176157537,"score_spread":0.15921918576923946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974604733","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993344,0.00015583848,1.696701e-7,0.00005601837,0.000031767275,0.000103874176,0.000008037361,0.0000062323465,0.00030364524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99979025,0.00013200834,0.0000020433513,0.000003798864,0.000035587575,0.000004866406,0.0000042564557,1.3868464e-7,0.00002702524],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996632,0.000051433377,0.00008698697,0.00006765117,0.000071321214,0.000059404218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997156,0.00022263295,0.000036981728,0.0000048191905,0.000010255565,0.000009697112],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015723807,0.000042305204,0.000072823874,0.0000037194184,0.00015830073,0.000008449308,0.000034128887,0.00001796255,0.000001589445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052156156,0.000011658889,0.00000914843,0.000099129444,0.000019430632,0.000023726934,0.000013111574,0.000018698167,0.0000032281214],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044303168,0.000009024567,0.8526677,0.000007612382,0.0000044604485,0.0000013570842,0.000049785704,2.6441694e-7,0.14451036,0.00006247387,0.00012606267,0.0025165828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007193664,0.00018231785,0.98669904,0.000017819993,0.0000010097059,0.000005539505,0.00002754665,0.00001368798,0.011907278,0.000004312364,0.0010377765,0.000031739088],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003479048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018903806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13403133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009320845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017386121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.121753715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974716204","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.05.013","title":"Genetic algorithm with alternating selection pressure for protein side-chain packing and pK(a) prediction","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Side chain; Algorithm; Protein structure prediction; Genetic algorithm; Simulated annealing; Chain (unit); Protein folding; Selection (genetic algorithm); Convergence (economics); Computer science; Folding (DSP implementation); Energy (signal processing); Mathematical optimization; Protein structure; Biological system; Mathematics; Chemistry; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Polymer; Engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.008338041927264834,"score_gpt":0.2039657110471491,"score_spread":0.19562766911988427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974716204","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7983607,0.0006995971,0.19919026,0.000008008582,0.00014083004,0.0012044045,0.000069284564,0.000038861424,0.00028804425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.967483,0.00001056289,0.03158547,0.000014375022,0.00043516743,0.0001677045,0.000030645206,0.000025900214,0.00024720578],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992429,0.000032343563,0.00015518375,0.00030555247,0.00008793233,0.00017607723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996102,0.0000025790464,0.000113567534,0.00013847869,0.00008520797,0.00004995471],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011658026,0.00013263042,0.00010740425,0.00003055736,0.00009987212,0.000025636149,0.00006525823,0.00013686469,0.0000011677605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018502964,0.000109843764,0.000028064247,0.000045088684,0.000025981028,0.000005644134,0.000028632157,0.000048736456,3.0104712e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015385495,0.00002557854,0.01200438,0.00026588672,0.00018302065,0.0000024874046,0.00019914978,0.00006237509,0.9652625,0.00012419367,0.00006556181,0.021651024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024534974,0.0032754089,0.017143687,0.00031840845,0.0001766342,0.00040671873,0.0002642467,0.055498846,0.905159,0.0005180373,0.0140151875,0.0007703194],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010548137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005443601,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16912225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008187355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027631424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4479299},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979131750","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.05.007","title":"A mean field Ising model for cortical rotation in amphibian one-cell stage embryos","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Microtubule; Ising model; Cell cortex; Phase transition; Physics; Rotation (mathematics); Statistical physics; Condensed matter physics; Chemistry; Biology; Computer science; Cell; Cytoskeleton","score_opus":0.023153195299887328,"score_gpt":0.26512089768839814,"score_spread":0.2419677023885108,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979131750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9519937,0.0003793524,0.046497066,0.000035475692,0.00016981733,0.00045000733,0.000032293603,0.000009333459,0.00043295274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968126,0.000025790387,0.0013259456,0.00019132833,0.00023440321,0.000050368366,0.00009577335,0.000020263831,0.0012435593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920005,0.0000342683,0.0002238827,0.0001917526,0.000069000125,0.00028104417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996081,0.000015296357,0.00006353017,0.00020233885,0.000034858054,0.00007590588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002174489,0.00010487394,0.00012446725,0.000037095822,0.000043684904,0.00001950663,0.00008534718,0.00017341612,0.00000337165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037503545,0.00010785755,0.00006648668,0.00004023674,0.000010223608,0.0000064269675,0.000032478434,0.000058062822,0.000005750672],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052447755,0.000113783426,0.006544982,0.00010551219,0.000010655125,2.0789898e-7,0.00021466348,0.000114860006,0.9919504,0.000205708,0.00044566422,0.00024112785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012518059,0.0002241217,0.00065312383,0.0000657568,0.000026020583,0.000003495054,0.00042451455,0.06954988,0.923928,0.0000125276665,0.0035016306,0.0003591089],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003364998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003085486,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06943502,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022151304,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034270233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43983033},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987541217","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2010.10.001","title":"Optimization of CO2 fixation in photosynthetic cells via thermodynamic buffering","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Carbon fixation; Chloroplast; Photosynthesis; RuBisCO; Photorespiration; Adenylate kinase; Biochemistry; Ribulose; Dehydrogenase; Chemistry; Biophysics; Biology; Enzyme","score_opus":0.003925361982627919,"score_gpt":0.20347967410468307,"score_spread":0.19955431212205516,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987541217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97633797,0.000041339248,0.022129156,0.000010494717,0.00042016045,0.00024393754,0.000013180535,0.000009245859,0.0007944965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99918085,0.000036293488,0.0005757686,0.000014112992,0.000057684858,0.000024569152,0.000029527237,0.000018781328,0.00006241413],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929655,0.00002458948,0.00022912704,0.0002111945,0.000093290575,0.00014524304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995269,0.0000069380853,0.0001280537,0.0002489702,0.000052272124,0.000036867303],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018665296,0.000106526524,0.00013316395,0.000054378852,0.00002239886,0.0000095239375,0.00014587483,0.00015380421,0.000030056153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027423892,0.00009968806,0.000044163884,0.00008437504,0.000024190573,0.0000037902425,0.00003677827,0.00006378672,0.00000393047],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002130186,0.00004345389,0.00006051848,0.00005904516,0.000006385568,5.397599e-7,0.000035816167,0.0010071379,0.99840224,0.00005061941,0.000002127628,0.00031082702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024092085,0.000070064256,0.000051806885,0.000035121713,0.000005675175,0.00000996304,0.000037371068,0.032498855,0.96656173,0.000032784665,0.00034390436,0.000111780515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010068405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014732487,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031840477,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008960237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000364068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40651613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1993215186","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2006.09.037","title":"Physical limits of computation and emergence of life","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum decoherence; Computability; Quantum computer; Physical system; Quantum entanglement; Computer science; Computation; Theoretical computer science; Quantum; Universe; Statistical physics; Realization (probability); Theoretical physics; Physics; Mathematics; Algorithm; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.014565586322548257,"score_gpt":0.2537535846313593,"score_spread":0.23918799830881102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1993215186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836569,0.00004610938,0.015163907,0.000025552152,0.000037798236,0.00009031616,0.00003595637,0.0000048364996,0.00093865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975556,5.462134e-7,0.0000900621,0.0000011177727,0.00011844371,0.0000065900776,0.00001248321,0.0000035696933,0.000011640842],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99966884,0.000008452889,0.00014630947,0.00007156136,0.00005842549,0.000046425906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997538,0.000014943047,0.00011047092,0.00006159314,0.000040553125,0.000018638259],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000032836142,0.00004020287,0.00010525344,0.0000146808125,0.000018367102,0.0000033705592,0.000033030723,0.000009330034,0.000005945278],"category_scores_gemma":[7.2077745e-7,0.000036402424,0.000027140628,0.000071725284,0.000012580678,0.000017619941,0.000008438807,0.000015249638,0.000002845002],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000026187465,0.00018167138,0.011022601,0.000060557137,0.000017892851,2.1858188e-8,0.0000769073,0.0000643341,0.12346665,0.8626128,0.0010470622,0.0014468979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018434781,0.0003542778,0.04507357,0.00026821115,0.00012762487,9.670548e-7,0.0021025448,0.2887982,0.370716,0.28586346,0.0041140583,0.00073762034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033705166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024181613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5767493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":7.8380435e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010518005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14844477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995306281","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(00)00076-9","title":"Diagrammatic approach to calculation of the fluctuation correlation matrix in a metabolic system","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education","keywords":"Diagrammatic reasoning; Statistical physics; Correlation; Matrix (chemical analysis); Representation (politics); Series (stratigraphy); Monte Carlo method; Simple (philosophy); Mathematics; Biological system; Computer science; Physics; Chemistry; Statistics; Biology","score_opus":0.004660273969354699,"score_gpt":0.215095683301858,"score_spread":0.2104354093325033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995306281","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98369867,0.0004945333,0.013368361,0.000018063045,0.0001484121,0.00074954674,0.000007859287,0.000009507286,0.001505077],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99908113,0.000005646948,0.00042522105,0.000018679266,0.00009015137,0.000047072215,0.000052969583,0.000009494943,0.0002696389],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992265,0.00009554487,0.00027322312,0.00016448987,0.00013552714,0.00010470697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956155,0.0000040908867,0.00008821,0.00028463965,0.00003503003,0.000026455335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018771055,0.000087013206,0.00013258184,0.00004151384,0.000031676987,0.000010610763,0.000120891804,0.00011503136,0.0000014450898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025850246,0.000062651445,0.000055948072,0.00022658952,0.000012848238,0.0000034378793,0.000020443613,0.00003625289,0.0000066935463],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030164552,0.00017973097,0.04560428,0.0011511149,0.00014435306,0.0000010367434,0.0019116984,0.118013464,0.77763885,0.026605403,0.0004994965,0.027948923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034238026,0.00031851695,0.4296664,0.00041557744,0.00020722402,0.00015506429,0.00094816944,0.38641694,0.15399225,0.00038505357,0.022853456,0.0012175309],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013529755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003756859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6236466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022379952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026508951,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25548518},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995384700","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(02)00092-8","title":"Reconstruction of noisy patterns by bistable gradient neural-like network","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural Networks and Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Attractor; Bistability; Artificial neural network; Generalization; Multiplicative function; Gaussian; Convergence (economics); Computer science; White noise; Noise (video); Mathematics; Topology (electrical circuits); Statistical physics; Algorithm; Artificial intelligence; Mathematical analysis; Physics; Combinatorics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.010866958132415876,"score_gpt":0.20413577832743043,"score_spread":0.19326882019501457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995384700","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.75561935,0.0016870374,0.23240313,0.0005064866,0.005410742,0.00081510254,0.000039441766,0.00028595718,0.0032327792],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99797386,0.000039589355,0.0014484738,0.000075643686,0.00010118057,0.000027755777,0.000004135988,0.000007434104,0.0003219018],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989764,0.00006982388,0.00028844728,0.00028137662,0.00013515654,0.00024876773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922067,0.000030353876,0.00016975863,0.0004538078,0.000047724905,0.000077666766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016167724,0.00010529524,0.00015560465,0.000027920232,0.000107328815,0.000060706712,0.00030929595,0.00004642881,0.000009210673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033277825,0.00009224938,0.000056844558,0.00038624037,0.000020178702,0.00015074632,0.0000370537,0.0000641193,0.000012096923],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016298343,0.00054650876,0.14352441,0.0004005914,0.00019337483,0.00001627507,0.0005151774,0.0067450255,0.0479658,0.3545774,0.3209607,0.12453847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015225415,0.00046820584,0.00618147,0.0004785351,0.00005617189,0.00056990155,0.00019253948,0.15935805,0.032147326,0.0033585946,0.794161,0.0015056401],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009063206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001975225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47320032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021368602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014125113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37618205},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999250188","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.05.006","title":"Biomechanical and coherent phenomena in morphogenetic relaxation processes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Cytoskeleton; Relaxation (psychology); Microtubule; Morphogenesis; Biophysics; Biological system; Physics; Chemistry; Biology; Neuroscience; Genetics; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.053870022192084414,"score_gpt":0.3018108359004477,"score_spread":0.2479408137083633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999250188","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00015251602,0.99766994,0.000062032996,0.0000053312933,0.0003977748,0.00060529634,0.0001429345,0.000017916584,0.000946291],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.020897,0.97631186,0.000041912997,0.0000023309165,0.0019148651,0.00022865205,0.0001896092,0.0000399733,0.00037382322],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988171,0.000072677256,0.00048071018,0.00026760742,0.00012209997,0.00023983578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935037,0.000034696288,0.00031075705,0.00017492904,0.000026863758,0.00010239415],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017329512,0.00024899558,0.00071505125,0.0001283699,0.000040124298,0.000044310735,0.000104622624,0.00011408068,0.00010476112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000030746226,0.00019248677,0.00008664864,0.00027619745,0.000017227409,0.00006074895,0.000045892546,0.00012216123,0.00010492778],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000016199249,0.00014795992,0.001097818,0.01844482,0.000095161784,6.069864e-7,0.00005137427,1.5599271e-7,0.0000027765839,0.002869332,0.00025681825,0.9770315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000118271535,0.000018854285,0.000010243196,0.0032401355,0.00011882072,0.000002727757,0.00003110212,0.0000067748915,0.0000015962887,0.000025840729,0.99620587,0.00021974773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013818193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008086519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9959491,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006577974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013744365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7849383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001354999","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2010.07.020","title":"Dynamics and mechanisms of oscillatory photosynthesis","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; University of Lethbridge","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Photorespiration; Photosynthesis; RuBisCO; Carbon fixation; Context (archaeology); Biological system; Biology; Physics; Botany","score_opus":0.003871142422966268,"score_gpt":0.20262283862740932,"score_spread":0.19875169620444305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001354999","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99095404,0.0000753249,0.0067625954,0.000039205064,0.00041567013,0.00016271073,0.00006325396,0.0000144275,0.0015127787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99894655,0.00003818587,0.00062508037,0.000042565618,0.000072585586,0.0000141971805,0.000012393197,0.000019878777,0.00022855739],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992885,0.00001606146,0.00017872095,0.00025092834,0.000108730645,0.00015704376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999431,0.000009157462,0.00010175297,0.00031247627,0.00006073039,0.00008488661],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021677662,0.00012218957,0.00016041116,0.000036891928,0.000043636217,0.000011744867,0.00014772965,0.0001804818,0.000016474507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065160755,0.0001088537,0.00005278027,0.000048234433,0.000055650195,0.0000023137914,0.00007931773,0.00006127794,0.0000030258873],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014983488,0.000020871,0.00009302711,0.00006317608,0.000018463117,6.5082327e-7,0.0000102058475,1.254061e-7,0.98563194,0.013519112,0.000014192113,0.0006132413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015580178,0.00010750557,0.00005142139,0.00001799072,0.000013700426,0.000045083572,0.00010925365,0.00029846732,0.99596435,0.0010814392,0.0020215372,0.0001334738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003673162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001492856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012437672,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004190336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046378645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4438925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002308848","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.04.001","title":"Quantum computation, non-demolition measurements, and reflective control in living systems","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Quantum decoherence; Quantum; Computation; Quantum computer; Concatenation (mathematics); Set (abstract data type); Quantum system; Computer science; Living systems; Statistical physics; Physics; Algorithm; Quantum mechanics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.01607046918331763,"score_gpt":0.25817908732637324,"score_spread":0.24210861814305562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002308848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98804367,0.0015512189,0.009413591,0.000076908545,0.00017840372,0.00027038332,0.000009421411,0.0000108361555,0.0004455949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99959284,0.000037151367,0.000046440116,0.00008437381,0.00014455563,0.000029495939,0.00002526663,0.000010030401,0.000029842],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999127,0.00007236972,0.0002379736,0.00026602414,0.0001302922,0.0001663627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963075,0.000009669267,0.00009523085,0.00011051138,0.00009910101,0.000054766726],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030446646,0.00011162697,0.00017528558,0.000071749666,0.00006304412,0.000040903025,0.00005590477,0.00010206398,6.508244e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050776664,0.00010217225,0.000039783234,0.000119525386,0.00002927004,0.000008640782,0.000017722989,0.000044299457,0.000007875247],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004149625,0.00008003071,0.031982273,0.000106941676,0.0001075684,0.000006513844,0.0001868189,0.0034745003,0.9635917,0.00016687012,0.00012338368,0.00013191967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0313644,0.007333005,0.5025453,0.008681524,0.00086351216,0.0009915439,0.017926306,0.08983615,0.32084107,0.004646425,0.008072426,0.006898354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013216833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002308489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6427506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000061551626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004730967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41664633},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2002393837","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(02)00020-5","title":"No Free Lunch: Why Specified Complexity Cannot be Purchased Without Intelligence, William Dembski, Rowman and Littlefield, 2002","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Department of Electronics and Information Technology, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology","keywords":"Mathematical economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.08520510025240266,"score_gpt":0.2517812186450466,"score_spread":0.16657611839264394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2002393837","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05296878,0.0061418647,0.8269838,0.011124303,0.010654067,0.0040605315,0.00026881747,0.0024754133,0.085322395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9553686,0.000099474746,0.03912637,0.0012991849,0.0011260263,0.0000627563,0.000009338784,0.0000479876,0.0028602574],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9960648,0.00029791912,0.0008170912,0.0012492016,0.0007764664,0.00079452666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965445,0.00025476157,0.00026896672,0.0021693998,0.00032222774,0.00044014386],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00064084085,0.00050032005,0.0006828745,0.00022647167,0.0003264616,0.00051756424,0.0022164292,0.00024568586,0.0003453994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023562016,0.00045554023,0.00015677774,0.0007548668,0.00032790468,0.00047516738,0.0010095284,0.0003726014,0.00030908757],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002079907,0.0039135516,0.04209989,0.001940572,0.00074509444,0.00060456904,0.014075723,0.00041933294,0.004005247,0.16735493,0.6081315,0.15650155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014529558,0.00089687336,0.0069175563,0.00021694791,0.00003818262,0.00031250145,0.00017363722,0.50449866,0.0017598347,0.007098172,0.4748297,0.0018049645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009820597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080450263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90239984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015267226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046142137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003034217","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2009.04.001","title":"Information processing mechanisms in microtubules at physiological temperature: Model predictions for experimental tests","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Cellular Automata and Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Asynchronous communication; Cellular automaton; Information processing; Statistical physics; Biological system; Microtubule; Computer science; Quantum cellular automaton; Quantum; Quantum information processing; Signal processing; Phase diagram; Theoretical computer science; Physics; Algorithm; Phase (matter); Biology; Quantum mechanics; Neuroscience; Digital signal processing","score_opus":0.018078329084991247,"score_gpt":0.25613196470957733,"score_spread":0.2380536356245861,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003034217","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3178257,0.00023193381,0.6797413,0.00047814992,0.000112466565,0.0010199448,0.000032385,0.00034838333,0.00020970259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9818838,0.000001532104,0.01763763,0.00015286106,0.000029877607,0.00019674434,0.0000490624,0.0000027793687,0.000045659897],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993309,0.000011558632,0.00022514834,0.00016138467,0.00010646794,0.00016455323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963254,0.000008587256,0.00007197877,0.00020715845,0.000036989935,0.000042751926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008849594,0.00009626012,0.000104897474,0.00006680385,0.0001828546,0.00013643457,0.0002754882,0.00007857036,7.7408663e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000062903546,0.00008140591,0.00004059263,0.00019442714,0.0000097996635,0.0005487436,0.000050392795,0.000044449193,0.000014003474],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003498452,0.00009529115,0.0000040393174,0.000017958255,0.0000014208805,2.0476567e-7,0.0006358171,0.0008873196,0.97524005,0.021397436,0.0008832299,0.00083370646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003378173,0.00008636965,0.0006424824,0.00003753165,0.0000017664946,0.000014328002,0.00009399824,0.86357325,0.13310637,0.0013435598,0.00062127714,0.00014124117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000030834967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000020678071,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.862686,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087663575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034435237,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3319637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007496476","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2007.06.002","title":"DNA approach to solve clustering problem based on a mutual order","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"DNA and Biological Computing","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Universiti Malaysia Pahang","keywords":"Cluster analysis; Computer science; Data mining; Correlation clustering; Clustering high-dimensional data; CURE data clustering algorithm; Fuzzy clustering; Theoretical computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.01746398095476364,"score_gpt":0.24562370602037245,"score_spread":0.2281597250656088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007496476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7732749,0.00006861405,0.17215072,0.00008426154,0.0003306297,0.0006250252,0.000010014514,0.00006661096,0.05338921],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873678,5.531042e-7,0.011026732,0.0007017359,0.00055337034,0.000013811637,0.00005407225,0.000016327578,0.00026556232],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988307,0.00002837404,0.00023102062,0.00041801998,0.00013230855,0.0003596175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948514,0.000015482949,0.000056709723,0.00025206528,0.000061573,0.00012903778],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00052106,0.00016273804,0.00014527026,0.000048738555,0.0000785129,0.000032034957,0.000191184,0.00017691181,0.000003140241],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005072457,0.00012159447,0.00006916644,0.00015863372,0.000019819656,0.000001108012,0.00010631619,0.00006919818,0.000034209617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029595871,0.00023481066,0.0014846597,0.000098725046,0.00003076769,0.0000067707333,0.00006115662,0.0010411851,0.9892525,0.00018142466,0.0018611016,0.005450908],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031154922,0.005369719,0.005825501,0.0003392397,0.000035619665,0.00008130785,0.0007999436,0.024849879,0.52746034,0.000020382366,0.43006694,0.002035608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013060419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016516502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46179217,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019019402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024661995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49584788},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007799540","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(03)00133-3","title":"A permutation-based genetic algorithm for the RNA folding problem: a critical look at selection strategies, crossover operators, and representation issues","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Crossover; Permutation (music); RNA; Algorithm; Nucleic acid secondary structure; Computer science; Mathematics; Theoretical computer science; Computational biology; Genetics; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Gene; Physics","score_opus":0.015696263907759148,"score_gpt":0.29114057363904194,"score_spread":0.2754443097312828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007799540","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47538882,0.011527307,0.50918406,0.00040380648,0.0005536422,0.0024908532,0.000068884125,0.000047993348,0.00033466378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98199016,0.00007217886,0.016768578,0.00007322232,0.00023099316,0.00035763896,0.00002654798,0.000025492856,0.0004551867],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990092,0.00013379725,0.00020137402,0.0003372478,0.0001229855,0.00019539299],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951947,0.000071530354,0.00006083158,0.00016840124,0.0001285714,0.000051196203],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027124153,0.0001347149,0.00011468722,0.000023686913,0.00033319736,0.00017666357,0.000070213995,0.00012966608,0.00001857718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012154826,0.00010371446,0.000056401397,0.00006799076,0.000050310733,0.000009437393,0.000015154746,0.000030770403,0.0000028669458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004203039,0.000024079423,0.0003862596,0.00008035813,0.00004447015,0.0000010086808,0.00008097328,0.00015199356,0.9937312,0.001066948,0.0005393868,0.0038513097],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059774145,0.0002730476,0.00012660812,0.00003553003,0.000045461555,0.000036572863,0.00041358205,0.0063583027,0.97348166,0.00032998007,0.018097168,0.00020437535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007663177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003582236,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50660133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024589137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009568874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4229353},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2007924435","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2006.12.009","title":"Stochastic P systems and the simulation of biochemical processes with dynamic compartments","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"DNA and Biological Computing","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Computer science; Biological system; Computational biology; Biology","score_opus":0.04052884215604588,"score_gpt":0.33318977295965324,"score_spread":0.29266093080360733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2007924435","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0034014496,0.99249876,0.0027706595,0.0000016700533,0.00012417277,0.0010908175,0.00003971758,0.000011740199,0.000061023347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.572748,0.42677894,0.000019156218,0.000004543878,0.00014412303,0.000032485503,0.00020895386,0.000018781642,0.000044986522],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865305,0.00013777938,0.0005051701,0.00036157432,0.00015132179,0.00019108712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988838,0.00022147043,0.0004737926,0.00025386715,0.000117659,0.000049449114],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036446523,0.0002819231,0.00086589594,0.00004227737,0.00005772851,0.00003148191,0.0002072363,0.00029514055,3.8281442e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012077522,0.00013260664,0.00010423102,0.00016717924,0.00021212325,0.0000013133662,0.00010197415,0.00009640524,0.0000017826633],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026497429,0.0009320372,0.00024398489,0.5085522,0.0060593304,0.00003251799,0.00024419086,0.008115074,0.002902754,0.0005952376,0.0005817548,0.46909115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0028280902,0.0011218389,0.000009998179,0.035305686,0.0014069502,0.00032636223,0.00015549886,0.005959193,0.00014187368,0.000006783177,0.95145357,0.0012841378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008602227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003887741,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9508718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014866239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010121903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5407542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2013316414","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(02)00162-4","title":"A context-free data compression approach to measuring information transmission by action potentials","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Computer science; Data compression; Coding (social sciences); Redundancy (engineering); Information theory; Neural coding; Generality; Context (archaeology); Artificial intelligence; Algorithm; Pattern recognition (psychology); Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.1200449044851443,"score_gpt":0.27007569133577924,"score_spread":0.15003078685063495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2013316414","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48683584,0.00026872495,0.47787517,0.0013249031,0.0049581253,0.0037409095,0.000729167,0.0006863528,0.023580812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99887794,0.000018000843,0.00033175584,0.00036491384,0.000044906512,0.000019897314,0.000098298144,0.000012517909,0.00023173908],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984261,0.0002210383,0.0003381952,0.0003662285,0.00043520133,0.00021326862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99872255,0.000043659053,0.00013988273,0.0009260907,0.000038286078,0.00012954943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043486003,0.00014331478,0.00015913759,0.00010056072,0.00023288754,0.00017008529,0.0006489647,0.00008556628,0.000009368378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004924597,0.00011661296,0.00003548556,0.00025556897,0.000014080758,0.0010157266,0.00012666114,0.00010341713,0.00005441303],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042054453,0.00006167481,0.000017969676,0.00008939787,0.0000026788284,3.785759e-7,0.00009128018,0.00007040251,0.96284723,0.00067378354,0.01836415,0.017738992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008986264,0.00008313194,0.000081989725,0.0001240864,0.0000132259665,0.00005393702,0.00022353059,0.028162975,0.52655774,0.00009446964,0.44341075,0.00029551267],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007233006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000027213039,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5120421,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047928632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019314011,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47553384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018299764","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.06.008","title":"Inferring directions of evolution from patterns of variation: The legacy of Sergei Meyen","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Variation (astronomy); Natural selection; Selection (genetic algorithm); Evolutionary biology; Biology; Organism; Darwin (ADL); Stabilizing selection; Directional selection; Ecology; Genetics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.01600862465089311,"score_gpt":0.21691033557222475,"score_spread":0.20090171092133163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018299764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901546,0.000044999775,0.0016403887,0.00008103873,0.0002834578,0.00009781343,0.00014012233,0.000012185216,0.0075453855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998414,0.000011343031,0.000010771252,0.0000065714994,0.000038713428,0.000006231582,0.000017926974,0.0000032520172,0.00006377046],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935967,0.000061349056,0.00023368454,0.00009045456,0.00018437512,0.00007046843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995076,0.00004701777,0.00020028479,0.00020693942,0.00001802092,0.000020122474],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018748056,0.000050116214,0.0001118095,0.000014640343,0.00004224295,0.000006264552,0.000121329445,0.00003566491,0.003193528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037479378,0.000036912556,0.00004740136,0.00013425539,0.000042447136,0.00008612904,0.000054945787,0.000025622534,0.000040733816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011074697,0.000121806435,0.78354156,0.00006417014,0.000031870914,5.9650596e-8,0.0011925638,0.00012812487,0.20598675,0.0077487505,0.00062526774,0.00054796936],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013130001,0.000024134577,0.9774191,0.00003410931,0.000014339052,4.2490274e-7,0.00097572105,0.0003037446,0.01560344,0.0000425957,0.0054080314,0.00004310777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012071619,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012765994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19387746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000109171764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035021033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977177},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018475238","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.05.008","title":"Phenomenological and molecular-level Petri net modeling and simulation of long-term potentiation","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Petri net; Computer science; Abstraction; Scope (computer science); Term (time); Systems biology; Biological system; Modeling and simulation; Theoretical computer science; Distributed computing; Computational biology; Simulation; Programming language; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.020383846021399105,"score_gpt":0.24989119600567242,"score_spread":0.2295073499842733,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018475238","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96149254,0.0044442187,0.03383117,0.000040747713,0.0000261495,0.000112887596,0.00000599926,0.0000069199623,0.00003939359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992377,0.000102219805,0.00037984262,0.000023304116,0.00014194995,0.0000033763868,0.000059471316,0.000010346405,0.000041758918],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926484,0.00004666845,0.0002224784,0.00024741705,0.000098537574,0.00012005249],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996129,0.000004853114,0.000095995696,0.00017040553,0.00006495364,0.000050883384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013740525,0.00010285015,0.00014603257,0.00005019239,0.000037596463,0.000016795957,0.000053229727,0.00012738149,0.0000031632617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014958844,0.00009644856,0.000042946627,0.00006637497,0.00002789245,0.0000045819643,0.00005965727,0.000027543398,7.973628e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038676288,0.000042358814,0.023959564,0.00007040781,0.00014311286,0.0000016497675,0.000055063625,0.48858953,0.4757401,0.000035904784,0.000010276824,0.01131336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053221406,0.00011668028,0.011449129,0.000021838217,0.00008169017,0.000015218755,0.000040705465,0.96655,0.02085533,0.000014887856,0.0001203312,0.0002019823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005451608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013143763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47796047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009686364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009612644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3933058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019335189","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.12.001","title":"Indispensable role of quantum theory in the brain dynamics","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta","keywords":"Superposition principle; Artificial neural network; Quantum superposition; Statistical physics; Quantum; Computer science; Perspective (graphical); Physics; Theoretical physics; Artificial intelligence; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0070444024094976285,"score_gpt":0.23313890868166776,"score_spread":0.22609450627217012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019335189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9778826,0.00013557707,0.007594971,0.0009574381,0.000062947955,0.00039917062,0.00010468126,0.000012821632,0.01284979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996067,7.990297e-7,0.000027528486,0.000043158536,0.00014316732,0.000042163203,0.00002583861,0.000008007779,0.00010261725],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939454,0.00006466438,0.00020573042,0.00010817354,0.0000949814,0.00013191155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995277,0.00008314764,0.000092807524,0.00026011703,0.000017285385,0.000018937995],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047538048,0.00007073236,0.000111233676,0.000033495966,0.00004514596,0.000019259265,0.000227145,0.000024858762,0.00006400245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000029109196,0.000050045426,0.00004948284,0.00015734488,0.000014800752,0.00003860245,0.00002029545,0.00007368705,0.000053349813],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000211988,0.000085056665,0.001779104,0.000004502726,0.0000074925583,5.1910913e-8,0.00034448082,0.000009445265,0.00127661,0.9933376,0.00026933648,0.002884255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006562918,0.00006331954,0.0020467734,0.000080822894,0.000021621197,0.0000025423376,0.019147426,0.18601681,0.0046974206,0.7082417,0.078703985,0.00032127893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022483061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000056460416,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28509584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015012815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021442256,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20407933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023873427","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.01.004","title":"Computational simulation of a gene regulatory network implementing an extendable synchronous single-input delay flip-flop","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Modular design; Computer science; Function (biology); Finite-state machine; State (computer science); Algorithm; Biology; Genetics","score_opus":0.015228418083258097,"score_gpt":0.2603252809925863,"score_spread":0.2450968629093282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023873427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96033263,0.0032804094,0.03559125,0.0000058478486,0.00031701243,0.000233386,0.000019165756,0.000027270988,0.00019300533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99225545,0.000005404086,0.005136902,0.000032313714,0.0019394967,0.00001234845,0.00048119368,0.000042675558,0.00009424583],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980765,0.00018505674,0.00055650395,0.00034916442,0.0002816133,0.00055118225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987435,0.000022731463,0.0003728921,0.00049302704,0.00020104052,0.0001668302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007735405,0.00021184991,0.00028715853,0.00006753212,0.00016576317,0.00002524959,0.00017449562,0.00017432348,0.00002926126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018647423,0.0002198378,0.00015596377,0.000218971,0.00004837603,0.000018224588,0.00008680118,0.000047466085,0.000008426311],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003547059,0.00015004593,0.028690394,0.000043309206,0.00025025933,9.497574e-7,0.00009853174,0.7123133,0.25453195,0.00006900576,0.00047235025,0.003344438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021530888,0.000969536,0.059467297,0.00019980832,0.00058463064,0.0001394665,0.0004940671,0.6164416,0.27170795,0.00009640873,0.0459986,0.0017475421],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023356964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026328078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09587169,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005423152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006394188,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8964726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025039245","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2013.09.003","title":"Development of antibiotic regimens using graph based evolutionary algorithms","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Aquaculture disease management and microbiota","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Antibiotics; Antibiotic resistance; Evolutionary algorithm; Graph; Biology; Algorithm; Computer science; Machine learning; Microbiology; Theoretical computer science","score_opus":0.019984827383002328,"score_gpt":0.2283912552723685,"score_spread":0.20840642788936617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025039245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921191,0.003180041,0.0014591329,0.000061018753,0.000952084,0.0008167697,0.000039448205,0.00010387129,0.0012685409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993503,0.000002848466,0.005006188,0.00004513217,0.000024013001,0.0000081215885,0.0001946992,0.000014085654,0.0012019594],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990088,0.00007219021,0.00036026334,0.00024506467,0.000040740262,0.00027294803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944705,0.000014681754,0.0001769285,0.0002358932,0.00010093246,0.000024526254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011808035,0.0001666192,0.00023899233,0.00014618023,0.00015296666,0.000011256608,0.00017499995,0.00014985594,0.00033795004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007835705,0.00013775809,0.00009511041,0.00018176204,0.00009634907,0.00007269211,0.00006231361,0.000067750494,0.0006272245],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012386327,0.0001337716,0.0013870592,0.00013223612,0.00019857664,0.0000014627872,0.00016769087,0.000004484265,0.98600173,0.0001655617,0.0110047925,0.0007902507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003957802,0.00013573706,0.032980423,0.0008791968,0.00029576835,0.000050491617,0.0031832496,0.00048305132,0.7563688,0.000037961203,0.20044611,0.0011813991],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013527441,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000504499,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22963293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005036829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008064579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80619115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028671607","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.10.006","title":"Biological wires, communication systems, and implications for disease","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Biofield Effects and Biophysics","field":"Medicine","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microtubule; Actin; Morphogenesis; Cytoskeleton; Cell biology; Biology; Neuroscience; Intracellular; Actin cytoskeleton; Extracellular; Cell; Gene; Genetics","score_opus":0.11328988353737918,"score_gpt":0.3789887442034099,"score_spread":0.2656988606660307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028671607","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000023345643,0.9957397,0.00015155472,0.00028025953,0.00020114717,0.003063096,0.00030030182,0.00007028411,0.00017029957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0049734986,0.9923507,0.00007920984,0.000054182114,0.00054884295,0.00072647724,0.001048892,0.000026749676,0.00019145822],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989451,0.00012021386,0.00041561702,0.0003012542,0.000058961436,0.00015886608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984644,0.0003187025,0.00025677928,0.0007005195,0.00007130892,0.00018825891],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026734977,0.00023713626,0.00115853,0.000053312604,0.0001064725,0.00004916446,0.00013768385,0.0003352711,0.0000012523499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006344416,0.00014386166,0.00024152806,0.000092460876,0.00006246372,0.000016052187,0.0000554024,0.00013416432,0.000013963189],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022569908,0.00009803721,0.00019282263,0.11432551,0.0002177775,0.0000011619337,0.0000062820563,1.9660789e-8,0.000012393855,0.014281928,0.008734115,0.8621074],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017429047,0.00010825659,0.00013550743,0.011223492,0.0006430593,0.00003388115,0.0000033523338,0.00003294089,1.4871469e-7,0.000020447947,0.9874584,0.00016619812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000312074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010286722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9787243,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041760642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008411941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5866508},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033117533","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2009.09.002","title":"A multi-objective differential evolutionary approach toward more stable gene regulatory networks","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Attractor; Gene regulatory network; Stability (learning theory); Chaotic; Computer science; Maxima and minima; Boolean network; Convergence (economics); Biological network; Differential evolution; Property (philosophy); Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Boolean function; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Gene; Genetics; Machine learning; Algorithm","score_opus":0.011427207142275821,"score_gpt":0.22371803847108834,"score_spread":0.21229083132881252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033117533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9173622,0.0092866635,0.071769215,0.000058008824,0.00045505186,0.00055891695,0.00003422027,0.00008438411,0.00039131293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99332994,0.00009079349,0.0035106055,0.00008893805,0.0013515552,0.00003687803,0.00046224208,0.000037447116,0.0010915988],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979613,0.00015299002,0.00037268203,0.0007285221,0.0002825412,0.0005020108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987564,0.000004620791,0.00017457947,0.0007363547,0.00014404552,0.00018398376],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018119256,0.00032969678,0.0003676282,0.00008941521,0.00016600506,0.00003952721,0.00031167126,0.00037389342,0.000012028398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014085469,0.00031199056,0.00029573962,0.00025461623,0.00007914131,0.000007064645,0.00010317786,0.00012580835,0.000008233785],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022220553,0.0005837901,0.0059384154,0.00005601267,0.00065582024,0.000010995494,0.00017983805,0.02477351,0.95438594,0.000059970265,0.011379136,0.0017543822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004478575,0.00092730735,0.43137774,0.000120857076,0.0006102341,0.00028116896,0.0010361539,0.37904212,0.16614094,0.00003617273,0.013249837,0.0026988864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026910842,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038033936,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78824496,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008379844,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007870932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038173657","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.05.010","title":"A biochemically semi-detailed model of auxin-mediated vein formation in plant leaves","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant Molecular Biology Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Ingenuity","keywords":"Auxin; Multicellular organism; Cell biology; Plant cell; Extracellular; Biology; Cell; Biological system; Chemistry; Computational biology; Biochemistry; Gene","score_opus":0.03404621618134662,"score_gpt":0.22877306968459782,"score_spread":0.1947268535032512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038173657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986739,0.00028509292,0.000007931382,0.00016064358,0.000044577093,0.00022664422,0.00024370821,0.000026264244,0.00033119853],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994681,0.00002303465,0.00002371889,0.000027258358,0.000060324594,0.000018147346,0.0003333942,7.020874e-7,0.000045361016],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900335,0.000102930295,0.0002703699,0.00012637555,0.00017290743,0.00032404327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999636,0.00010289498,0.00009140045,0.000049014074,0.00003508469,0.00008561793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039042134,0.00009276871,0.00018032503,0.000028678993,0.00002812468,0.000009661693,0.00018945734,0.00016144439,0.0000151038175],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000095426265,0.00003585572,0.00004535779,0.00022081388,0.00003498432,0.0000977239,0.000056106623,0.00008844925,0.0000413418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031279895,0.00006134204,0.02213442,0.000020484336,0.000005436868,0.0000016447303,0.000069503934,0.0000032549199,0.97722197,0.00004519659,0.00024009265,0.00016536388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035792522,0.00015484543,0.031808507,0.00012669669,0.0000062268546,0.0000563164,0.000275318,0.013933688,0.9521243,0.000029251003,0.000864335,0.00026261932],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000897167,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022538794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02509771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027696773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007684933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14621538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2039086233","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(99)00091-x","title":"Computational dynamics of gradient bistable networks","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural Networks and Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bistability; Spurious relationship; Attractor; Computer science; Artificial neural network; Memorization; Computation; Value (mathematics); Dynamics (music); Artificial intelligence; Algorithm; Mathematics; Machine learning; Physics","score_opus":0.008572044566254341,"score_gpt":0.21292009994388494,"score_spread":0.2043480553776306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2039086233","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.09785247,0.00035688144,0.8929563,0.0009143179,0.00041788895,0.000333987,0.000018847722,0.00017230492,0.0069769886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99500513,0.00001471358,0.0042720656,0.000057223995,0.00006936269,0.000011330371,0.000016012536,0.00000431015,0.00054987177],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993294,0.000020858233,0.00020647206,0.00017265981,0.00012787707,0.0001427464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995484,0.00003459055,0.00006343811,0.00026172207,0.00004061967,0.00005124578],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008561589,0.00006593474,0.00010583777,0.000025380752,0.00007125566,0.00004366221,0.00035501036,0.000030935556,0.000024076993],"category_scores_gemma":[7.802366e-7,0.000058361737,0.00004176976,0.00033568908,0.000021847265,0.0000873341,0.000031969932,0.000042866337,0.000025414172],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039542797,0.000112393944,0.001078995,0.000024513187,0.000019316247,0.0000030218828,0.00007159614,0.45350233,0.000030573203,0.478923,0.006132385,0.060097944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008676554,0.00002078124,0.00069719966,0.000016833259,0.0000016441386,0.000009786528,0.000003758645,0.9874527,0.000015239883,0.0012599446,0.010367106,0.00006827568],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005406079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015244714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89715266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023725273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014653131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23799226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2042391955","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.03.002","title":"Time rescaling and pattern formation in biological evolution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Precondition; Interpretation (philosophy); Process (computing); Biological evolution; Morphology (biology); Heterochrony; Computer science; Evolutionary biology; Biological system; Statistical physics; Biology; Paleontology; Physics","score_opus":0.011441948010974257,"score_gpt":0.2173143940208559,"score_spread":0.20587244600988164,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2042391955","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98608655,0.000029794755,0.011246277,0.0000952156,0.0000973337,0.000082323386,0.000011996805,0.000019943061,0.0023305495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99954593,5.6986534e-7,0.000029697369,0.0000123296495,0.00031736412,0.0000059932227,0.000019277451,0.000003049924,0.00006577122],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954134,0.000049318933,0.00015140658,0.00009652022,0.000054065455,0.00010732478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998269,0.00001632149,0.000047176098,0.000065690125,0.000012263638,0.000031615164],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019129396,0.00005502035,0.00009008786,0.000039219885,0.000040997373,0.000022002137,0.00003557549,0.00003076508,0.000036835754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003383129,0.000044345143,0.000019180707,0.000048955397,0.000014134916,0.000087966466,0.000016724194,0.000039071652,0.0000831663],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015778756,0.00009878024,0.93644845,0.000061867795,0.000015455546,5.682232e-7,0.00033394786,0.00006794347,0.013277462,0.022854501,0.002869395,0.023955848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003453008,0.0003823623,0.39848572,0.00054141367,0.000019200328,0.000013670971,0.0014233929,0.40645224,0.0029989353,0.0046302304,0.18057664,0.0010232113],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019843316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004581173,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53796273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021419177,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032275602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18083423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044173795","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(01)00126-5","title":"Studies into abstract properties of individuals. VI. The degree of emergence in individuals, populations, species and a three species lineage","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Lineage (genetic); Phylogenetic tree; Population; Degree (music); Ecology; Ontogeny; Variation (astronomy); Evolutionary biology; Zoology; Demography","score_opus":0.14739174013368514,"score_gpt":0.27988545922032915,"score_spread":0.132493719086644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044173795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955875,0.0028101732,0.000008099822,0.0003777546,0.00008767342,0.00046072024,0.000008955097,0.000012077831,0.0006470005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992557,0.00029167143,0.00008184145,0.000011845141,0.000040513703,0.000038230395,0.000001752333,0.0000054136794,0.000273013],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982598,0.000112194444,0.0007447288,0.00026543168,0.00039830134,0.0002195351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992196,0.00009545976,0.00031688434,0.0002935086,0.000033986405,0.000040535266],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012199613,0.00015430304,0.0004327961,0.0000784934,0.00015165919,0.000023676099,0.00029685893,0.00008512318,0.00032278683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042000308,0.000089508394,0.000079607285,0.00048745843,0.0005445664,0.00017657112,0.0002908095,0.00009094413,0.000013523247],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057401376,0.000082833176,0.9917269,0.00015557387,0.000048988903,0.0000016141946,0.004545749,0.0002452407,0.0024744691,0.00015934581,0.00012793951,0.00042561573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000116443334,0.00005761563,0.97979444,0.0000933302,0.000026395945,0.0000026747807,0.01658519,0.00008167482,0.00075334095,0.00032231034,0.0020536974,0.00011291271],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004713586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021799205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01708562,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096385666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008876487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960504},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047550343","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.09.006","title":"Patterns of evolution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Evolutionary biology; Computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.00516064345813649,"score_gpt":0.23161125072904062,"score_spread":0.22645060727090413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047550343","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014317954,0.00008913083,0.005740717,0.000011011158,0.98559433,0.00015447068,0.0021981343,0.000030679017,0.004749726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3981018,0.0000012621821,0.00001078059,6.357574e-7,0.5995784,0.000010218773,0.00038462417,0.000019015006,0.0018932942],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99859995,0.00005656255,0.00041837146,0.00024601005,0.0004825053,0.00019660268],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988594,0.0000826445,0.00044572877,0.00035837456,0.00018779187,0.00006606146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023979934,0.00020154048,0.00042959905,0.00008254899,0.000044749817,0.000027274767,0.00024345415,0.00026247452,0.0002088034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013407924,0.00018266401,0.00019411687,0.00005850285,0.000012898685,0.000041170417,0.000043957654,0.00021414961,0.00011180612],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000387273,0.000031109546,0.0072363056,0.00019837829,0.000059600654,9.902489e-8,0.000011202078,0.0000018288174,0.000043925582,0.0037606368,0.9885384,0.000114654256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025997657,0.000044579763,0.00014855707,0.0002749367,0.00003472974,5.246257e-8,0.000040050538,0.000032307424,0.00008274574,0.00009247647,0.9988035,0.00018608883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023169455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011825019,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39667,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062039784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001513442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7448822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047598795","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2010.09.008","title":"Modeling gonorrhea and HIV co-interaction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Gonorrhea; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Competitive exclusion; Medicine; Biology; Immunology","score_opus":0.03137875281329493,"score_gpt":0.3160879632593829,"score_spread":0.28470921044608793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047598795","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96544415,0.000029912984,0.012159518,0.0012350372,0.00041713694,0.00014436747,0.000002919123,0.000049428,0.020517526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985677,0.000007016426,0.0003903337,0.0002970666,0.00018194673,0.000010468057,0.0000076154265,0.0000056851495,0.00053215],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994594,0.000027408434,0.00019831245,0.00014308795,0.00003503257,0.00013677582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959975,0.000115164185,0.000022826347,0.00012050598,0.00002318455,0.0001185547],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003865035,0.000070078466,0.00022960603,0.000027651866,0.00005811737,0.0000053296753,0.000024110295,0.00016591408,0.00027463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020429572,0.000047529622,0.00003755965,0.000019785253,0.0000716971,0.000030499967,0.000011783586,0.00022978651,0.0002558015],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028196123,0.00021205794,0.011461158,0.0005322884,0.00009969674,0.000020024865,0.00025687853,0.000034183242,0.020663993,0.9642346,0.0012066828,0.0009964933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053593016,0.000102224876,0.00025949173,0.00007897476,0.000047599257,0.0004667791,0.00010874422,0.98516154,0.0005561074,0.009223765,0.0033530619,0.00010576321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008899106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000051285297,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9851274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000464275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009128712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32878965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047998870","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2014.11.005","title":"CytoNCA: A cytoscape plugin for centrality analysis and evaluation of protein interaction networks","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1313,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Plug-in; Centrality; Computer science; Computational biology; Protein Interaction Networks; Data science; Data mining; Protein–protein interaction; Biology; Programming language; Mathematics; Statistics; Genetics","score_opus":0.01507224541930303,"score_gpt":0.26925704632518715,"score_spread":0.25418480090588413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047998870","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8931589,0.0003938913,0.1053203,0.000030459056,0.00013848711,0.0006642169,0.000019540646,0.0000051456145,0.00026905062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989389,0.000014176299,0.0005096574,0.000020512141,0.00022462792,0.00006271627,0.00018351336,0.0000071212303,0.00003873934],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920446,0.00009301328,0.00028770667,0.00017078327,0.0001105877,0.00013344933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993595,0.000011794228,0.00021220472,0.0002159267,0.0001566467,0.000043919743],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011251494,0.000091738926,0.00017723386,0.00004540388,0.00004133698,0.000021093008,0.000064074615,0.00012834604,0.0000036402168],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041634597,0.000082018654,0.000098745455,0.00010294356,0.0000234727,0.0000039890965,0.000029131164,0.000032992484,4.1781357e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009190628,0.00026297147,0.023801386,0.00096679654,0.0037323753,1.4837597e-7,0.00049216964,0.030004913,0.7586854,0.0028217242,0.0022391106,0.17607392],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012858302,0.00030460756,0.005816433,0.000052518888,0.0006436518,0.0000030544331,0.00012675562,0.9381409,0.041582204,0.00012572511,0.011679062,0.00023920453],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039605293,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000121533274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.90813607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015734333,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020999818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33446237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048254865","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2006.07.001","title":"Getting into shape: Optimal ligand gradients for axonal guidance","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Neuroscience; Artificial intelligence; Biophysics; Biological system; Computer vision; Biology","score_opus":0.03132356778729568,"score_gpt":0.2712448167885082,"score_spread":0.23992124900121253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048254865","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954834,0.00038177113,0.0015107065,0.00019640657,0.0007643077,0.00049626245,0.00003104012,0.0001393589,0.0009967238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99699056,0.0000051916822,0.00085526635,0.00043098885,0.0009569238,0.00008601948,0.000004708993,0.000034388857,0.00063594215],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981302,0.00005545327,0.00044419893,0.0005660321,0.00034465856,0.00045943935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992474,0.00022111114,0.0001985282,0.0002007527,0.000052124145,0.000080091806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028212284,0.00019850412,0.00022082608,0.00007129158,0.0003663309,0.000099834564,0.00032764318,0.000077355355,0.0000102110935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018731004,0.00018296736,0.00012316799,0.00020998347,0.00006310281,0.00019021775,0.00006001622,0.000093009316,0.000076283504],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004393024,0.000047055084,0.0014224325,0.00008838458,0.00000250966,0.000017527407,0.00005280634,0.00012523643,0.9930198,0.0021618328,0.002201474,0.00081697304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006696521,0.0001353771,0.00087440276,0.0001339636,0.000009506651,0.00005522131,0.00002425411,0.009935792,0.9371867,0.00030769195,0.05033512,0.0003322912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051347946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005711336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055833112,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000545414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035360037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7461192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2052073149","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.09.005","title":"An investigation of the plausibility of stochastic resonance in tubulin dimers","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"stochastic dynamics and bifurcation","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Tubulin; Dimer; Delocalized electron; Formalism (music); Microtubule; Resonance (particle physics); Dipole; Physics; Statistical physics; Stochastic resonance; Biophysics; Biological system; Function (biology); Noise (video); Nuclear magnetic resonance; Chemistry; Quantum mechanics; Computer science; Biology; Cell biology","score_opus":0.019211134628344936,"score_gpt":0.22768731482903895,"score_spread":0.20847618020069403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2052073149","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957085,0.000019813335,0.0035104095,0.000006482776,0.00016578478,0.0002320423,0.000034277702,0.000003431178,0.00031925953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997993,5.2236818e-8,0.00012422295,0.0000024794065,0.000040869123,0.0000106056095,0.0000067503697,0.000004433841,0.0000112600555],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993924,0.00004797644,0.00026707278,0.000117418196,0.000101362486,0.000073750096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946535,0.000021285674,0.00018800284,0.0002530447,0.000050038034,0.000022269693],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021984961,0.000058496178,0.000113976304,0.00002913388,0.000016945187,0.0000025627933,0.0001358807,0.000025625575,0.000010664845],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006739151,0.00004245465,0.0000335341,0.00016280833,0.00006132374,0.0000457453,0.000016418046,0.00004414012,0.0000011149937],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004582649,0.00018495394,0.9216283,0.00006810857,0.000017605578,5.223946e-8,0.0051132026,0.00025612558,0.031204056,0.039307952,0.000016131951,0.0021576646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004176968,0.00009288959,0.9579682,0.00022935763,0.000015832871,2.324621e-7,0.0010796791,0.022234688,0.011752353,0.006084426,0.00000488858,0.00011978601],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025395942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008863924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03633985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013663105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004816356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38391238},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2058420793","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(02)00103-x","title":"A search for conceptual congruence between individuals and species","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Categorical variable; Salient; Congruence (geometry); Argument (complex analysis); Epistemology; Ecology; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Biology; Computer science; Social psychology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.06993276526000143,"score_gpt":0.27733721485630886,"score_spread":0.20740444959630744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2058420793","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97231865,0.00012046491,0.000090779904,0.00013392861,0.000112197806,0.00035482916,0.00038220064,0.000028111259,0.026458858],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986291,0.000017801693,0.000049392318,0.00006421542,0.000037455324,0.000028223525,0.00003124314,0.0000063298444,0.0011362245],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991731,0.00004655274,0.00013943459,0.00020802455,0.00019177917,0.0002411109],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965346,0.00008024306,0.000037170368,0.00011362204,0.000010267203,0.00010525205],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032166147,0.00008712516,0.0001306504,0.0000136165045,0.00012803073,0.000052527124,0.000088860055,0.00005592228,0.006765734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046176137,0.00007635125,0.000028603932,0.00010509745,0.00028076206,0.00007609355,0.00004677434,0.00003772205,0.00033801587],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000021661629,0.000014872586,0.96820205,0.000017452823,0.000009975296,6.651102e-7,0.0005427399,3.310142e-7,0.005990501,0.015911281,0.00915689,0.00015104146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005159037,0.00008422277,0.30361047,0.000010788771,0.00000992279,0.0000068389254,0.00838791,0.0000027876956,0.021375041,0.000030163239,0.6657891,0.00017681622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006331667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027746426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6645916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012809903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067669375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99414223},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060734970","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2010.07.001","title":"Theoretical justification of computing the 3-base periodicity using nucleotide distribution variance","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Variance (accounting); Mathematics; Coding (social sciences); Sequence (biology); Spectral density; Base (topology); Algorithm; Computer science; Statistics; Mathematical analysis; Biology","score_opus":0.009682344990756996,"score_gpt":0.2487040936803499,"score_spread":0.23902174868959292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060734970","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886371,0.000062570885,0.0107105225,0.00013347928,0.00018735023,0.00008970812,0.000039685077,0.000006637796,0.00013296658],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993268,0.0000043937425,0.0002480765,0.000032082255,0.0002412772,0.0000015808213,0.00013110631,0.000005425997,0.000009228113],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993701,0.000056010496,0.0001925163,0.00017029663,0.00009922567,0.00011184862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994281,0.000014597352,0.00012637986,0.0002968992,0.000100349374,0.000033686665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033686124,0.000073225165,0.00009512948,0.000009884951,0.0001267364,0.000023008248,0.00014536324,0.00008627208,0.000015789981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014261376,0.000050101906,0.00007243374,0.00009897771,0.00025180055,0.0000030115223,0.000038788814,0.00007925949,0.0000035427108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011056376,0.000022085609,0.0019536554,0.000017558536,0.000015200083,4.1782633e-7,0.000027752529,0.000067383015,0.9868217,0.010684839,0.000037398164,0.0003409177],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000194705,0.0000695065,0.007898182,0.00003682696,0.00008234404,0.00002806079,0.00031884058,0.041603107,0.94698083,0.00020715184,0.002390231,0.00019022018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000114106835,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018579349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041535724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000072382154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036074274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20430964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061163987","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2010.11.004","title":"The single-process biochemical reaction of Rubisco: A unified theory and model with the effects of irradiance, CO2 and rate-limiting step on the kinetics of C3 and C4 photosynthesis from gas exchange","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"RuBisCO; Photosynthesis; Carboxylation; Chemistry; Kinetics; Biochemistry; Biophysics; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.007296963344910317,"score_gpt":0.20488508573585634,"score_spread":0.19758812239094603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061163987","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99784184,0.0011197686,0.00025913477,0.000104442945,0.00006167177,0.00038187057,0.00004829968,0.0000041854455,0.00017878148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992436,0.00054540945,0.000047462872,0.000039594466,0.000046636138,0.000034192,0.000005381204,0.000018099834,0.000019618828],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991882,0.000107733395,0.00019142221,0.00023426043,0.00012295666,0.00015544602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873954,0.00052063,0.0002748833,0.00032416807,0.00009094269,0.000049820497],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004204232,0.00015325136,0.0002058155,0.000019932106,0.00008353843,0.000020166468,0.00015056001,0.0001318005,5.6546685e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029973654,0.00007584419,0.000028819992,0.00006483842,0.00034175566,0.000004279292,0.00005808291,0.000097536154,5.2269456e-8],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032815215,0.000041000174,0.000027113467,0.00028086573,0.00005567973,2.9188422e-7,0.00023046347,7.141042e-7,0.9972983,0.0006051713,0.000009438336,0.0011227892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034933665,0.00036102213,0.000082616156,0.00021923937,0.00007140671,0.000008709727,0.00090332393,0.00045007467,0.996962,0.0003056014,0.00019103514,0.00009559433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005973539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000076196695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0014017605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000031655402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026793608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3092836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062590033","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.07.007","title":"Evaluation of intermolecular forces in a circulating system","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"DLVO theory; van der Waals force; Intermolecular force; Chemistry; Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Molecule; Materials science; Colloid; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.0449543584615479,"score_gpt":0.29111763888363795,"score_spread":0.24616328042209007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062590033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94630694,0.000056530716,0.007558227,0.0000014506729,0.000043018,0.00044444733,0.000012944499,0.000019304442,0.045557108],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992051,8.547368e-8,0.0006098876,9.016871e-7,0.00002640202,0.00013034501,0.000012358487,0.0000074370823,0.000007462396],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993539,0.000051257124,0.0002500069,0.000114079776,0.00014222752,0.00008856151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995739,0.0000044500553,0.00013209695,0.00017292035,0.000100333054,0.00001628434],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005461345,0.000061708255,0.00011400266,0.000053210293,0.000021089278,0.000006871315,0.00009212892,0.00002282632,0.00006277227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019507004,0.00005785031,0.00004624908,0.00011856515,0.000013087497,0.00003441804,0.000019061394,0.000031591906,0.0000051626043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012377443,0.0003154234,0.1462091,0.00046892185,0.00016121546,0.0000015776437,0.005274065,0.00008355887,0.49632365,0.32706377,0.00017236223,0.023913978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014178791,0.00013044415,0.01183144,0.0019434652,0.0002307875,0.0000072254556,0.011366874,0.094213106,0.8733896,0.00437497,0.0005289828,0.00056519796],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013438975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000075046773,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.377066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041015224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027126129,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2359067},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2064580229","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2007.01.004","title":"Mathematical modeling of laser based potato cutting and peeling","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Laser Material Processing Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Biological system; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.013539590429343662,"score_gpt":0.22749818749213693,"score_spread":0.21395859706279327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2064580229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83879155,0.00011994322,0.15784188,0.000010452285,0.0000903745,0.0001113663,0.0000039102997,0.0005369469,0.0024935843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98279315,0.0000011413913,0.017066672,0.0000059629765,0.00008720475,0.000003202516,0.0000015168922,0.000030380927,0.000010751999],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928516,0.0000087452245,0.000321855,0.000099273755,0.00011738951,0.00016757048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971277,0.000040356455,0.000033697837,0.00012692578,0.000038208556,0.000048047197],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005672463,0.000102754,0.00017694416,0.000076106524,0.000026439715,0.00003014977,0.00007084989,0.0000732767,0.000011343027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036691403,0.000090775415,0.000022279286,0.00007559048,0.000014005904,0.00006519511,0.000019107922,0.000051004485,0.000007828908],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012830319,0.00013435552,0.0014870972,0.02324097,0.00013970528,0.00006510653,0.0019712846,0.0721162,0.8913695,0.0019724409,0.0005766869,0.0067983405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000108287386,0.000013251449,0.0000048570896,0.00043363112,0.00000833724,0.000007005098,0.00006767907,0.75241095,0.24643992,0.0002863182,0.00010788549,0.00011189951],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011703296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.914463e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68029475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021841573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069295324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3701714},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066509088","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2011.11.011","title":"Optimal control of drug therapy: Melding pharmacokinetics with viral dynamics","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Pharmacokinetics; Drug; Regimen; Dose; Drug administration; Therapeutic window; Pharmacology; Medicine; Biology; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.027853978344271627,"score_gpt":0.26730785518642286,"score_spread":0.23945387684215125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066509088","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93374825,0.00025714253,0.051762525,0.0002859366,0.00011942076,0.0003704827,0.000011082569,0.000042135198,0.013403007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99793553,0.000030433952,0.0014869794,0.0002701357,0.000059178048,0.000016469206,0.0000035704356,0.000011732273,0.00018594033],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999165,0.000082733226,0.00031677168,0.00014702536,0.00008282158,0.00020563004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994192,0.00015546134,0.00010552901,0.00015594701,0.00006118679,0.00010264505],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004621509,0.00011698702,0.00047355724,0.00003615583,0.00003200904,0.0000014605251,0.0000741887,0.000103126804,0.0003060155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047004924,0.00006807936,0.0000749372,0.00004946181,0.0002295195,0.00002173905,0.000012495434,0.0001276948,0.0000172903],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0038995347,0.0008372392,0.038282257,0.00059372437,0.0007975471,0.0000703453,0.0011741638,0.000045845984,0.0033096073,0.9497999,0.00022615667,0.0009636541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.027770909,0.0073163626,0.010523106,0.0012271907,0.0014261127,0.0007778441,0.0014710316,0.8590365,0.06484015,0.023182372,0.0012736202,0.0011548082],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020253681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017943393,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92661756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000125024535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002058675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3350655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068043729","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.06.007","title":"Role of nutrient bound of prey on the dynamics of predator-mediated competitive-coexistence","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Predator; Predation; Competition (biology); Dynamics (music); Ecology; Stability (learning theory); Biology; Nutrient; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.019907255092501467,"score_gpt":0.2623699690015633,"score_spread":0.24246271390906182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068043729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9735767,0.00017547367,0.0004065373,0.0011491944,0.00004774536,0.0004036983,0.00006813128,0.0000111524605,0.024161354],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995549,0.000019780835,0.00011096692,0.00010664851,0.000033607725,0.000012881842,0.000013303574,0.0000051629077,0.00014279752],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895734,0.00012781612,0.0005273531,0.00012085659,0.00012973572,0.00013689876],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99836403,0.000977178,0.00023743926,0.0002568969,0.000106480125,0.00005798299],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006615953,0.00008704505,0.00048953656,0.000032732376,0.00002383215,8.1330415e-7,0.00010971871,0.00013344677,0.00017005405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006278114,0.000048358153,0.0000935986,0.00008119926,0.00047843542,0.000013205691,0.000028683855,0.00010783141,0.000021839536],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020761462,0.00042746714,0.002717001,0.00034048286,0.00007604253,5.120561e-7,0.00023541901,0.0000047297945,0.0038189548,0.992071,0.000045105204,0.000055681125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007358544,0.008724718,0.053985212,0.007333671,0.00079860794,0.00017216822,0.007347414,0.5095583,0.23140351,0.16888925,0.0036246963,0.0008038826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011413264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014008596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82318175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002023414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030652212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19719882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068211838","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.10.005","title":"Self-organization and entropy reduction in a living cell","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Entropy (arrow of time); Living cell; Genetic code; DNA; Information theory; Living systems; Computer science; Context (archaeology); Theoretical computer science; Biological system; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Thermodynamics; Statistics; Genetics; Physics","score_opus":0.0037632748140133798,"score_gpt":0.187550408012666,"score_spread":0.18378713319865264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068211838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962959,0.0031404882,0.00013261994,0.000010714961,0.0001772899,0.00008811096,6.3488864e-7,0.000012545861,0.00014168008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875855,0.00020515495,0.00026356385,0.0000065329887,0.0005585361,0.0000039182396,0.000017294022,0.000013318767,0.00017310827],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994748,0.000062365114,0.00011891036,0.00014165365,0.000054445874,0.00014781451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972844,0.0000027036874,0.000053555763,0.00013615243,0.00002810406,0.00005104132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017401812,0.00007069342,0.00007659941,0.00004277095,0.000031856096,0.000013113419,0.000037787686,0.00008834763,0.000005239959],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014512914,0.00007108755,0.000018612238,0.00014956438,0.0000079676165,0.0000042794472,0.00003714713,0.000022772172,0.0000078382045],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018995082,0.000049086655,0.21981628,0.00004128837,0.000018024008,1.6504123e-7,0.00021899046,0.00002108617,0.7794215,0.00001852857,0.00029852006,0.000094642266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000503019,0.00010511124,0.09489485,0.00005465559,0.00009508502,0.00011901036,0.0007965534,0.0006027814,0.8706399,0.0000033643564,0.031691063,0.00049461215],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008809386,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000040812047,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12492143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019642443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012581233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2898866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072111227","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.11.006","title":"The effect of species models on estimates of within-lineage variation in integration","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Phyletic gradualism; Variation (astronomy); Lineage (genetic); Robustness (evolution); Evolutionary biology; Code (set theory); Biology; Representation (politics); Computer science; Phylogenetics; Programming language; Genetics","score_opus":0.017309208284623224,"score_gpt":0.2728207968196082,"score_spread":0.25551158853498496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072111227","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98945796,0.00012159832,0.0029667192,0.00015808718,0.00029866933,0.00033338054,0.000004058572,0.000017178092,0.0066423463],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996929,0.000019594896,0.00006282259,0.000003018133,0.0000688984,0.000012463979,0.0000034682262,0.0000026908729,0.0001341122],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915504,0.000273011,0.00023382786,0.00007358037,0.00019412208,0.00007039093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994377,0.00026441805,0.00013614281,0.00009011125,0.0000592377,0.00001239999],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001529454,0.000050800707,0.00010314135,0.00004287745,0.00014146691,0.000016882914,0.00009286339,0.00005124824,0.0000029749945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002721313,0.000032521777,0.00002613291,0.0001916741,0.00009430906,0.000150878,0.000005410041,0.000042533353,0.0000037003742],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011834135,0.000027339816,0.00056067423,0.000018303019,0.000006495476,2.1538928e-7,0.010013468,0.027300494,0.018054295,0.9437166,0.000009723706,0.00017406208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003736986,0.003818851,0.028705744,0.0019111914,0.000079384205,0.0000029416276,0.016479513,0.07557807,0.74241763,0.1261093,0.0005604362,0.0005999359],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011782125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019691468,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8176073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085225205,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005444273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17811127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076130704","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.09.009","title":"An analysis of the class of gene regulatory functions implied by a biochemical model","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Boolean network; Gene regulatory network; Gene; Computational biology; Biology; Function (biology); Repressor; Boolean function; Class (philosophy); Gene product; Network topology; Regulation of gene expression; Genetics; Computer science; Gene expression; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm","score_opus":0.006701873828978041,"score_gpt":0.22142895591072126,"score_spread":0.2147270820817432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076130704","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99538755,0.0012531239,0.0028348234,0.00004886096,0.000046256006,0.000118453376,0.00017196895,0.00000864367,0.00013031966],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988535,0.000014563907,0.00030815983,0.000040054503,0.00013385667,0.000011481364,0.0002263593,0.000017977693,0.00039402102],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99871755,0.00008359991,0.00044004802,0.0003464395,0.00023001964,0.00018232406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99839383,0.0000051219945,0.0002741708,0.0011093123,0.00013269877,0.00008485763],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021750745,0.00015056324,0.00033428386,0.00010377556,0.000054539785,0.0000067905526,0.00033976574,0.00020971335,0.000009949782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010238436,0.00011751853,0.00043099702,0.0005637335,0.00011280485,0.0000032146543,0.000058875987,0.000046390825,0.0000012742918],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018839602,0.00008676442,0.0038823218,0.000008809955,0.0008166866,2.4882821e-8,0.000020673564,0.0388609,0.9523516,0.000022658864,0.003784213,0.00014650407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001815883,0.000038159233,0.0033969209,0.0000055371415,0.00091293914,0.0000015597673,0.00006252784,0.106612355,0.88723564,0.0000017569644,0.0014158366,0.00013520356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000025729572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007109527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06775145,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029565777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000066287685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47922668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076871417","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2013.03.022","title":"Sequence classification with side effect machines evolved via ring optimization","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Classifier (UML); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Support vector machine; Evolutionary algorithm","score_opus":0.008665865590123832,"score_gpt":0.23719178889368753,"score_spread":0.2285259233035637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076871417","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88724893,0.00013769501,0.10571942,0.0001336394,0.00020906777,0.0008403235,0.0000058332384,0.0000924511,0.005612634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98970217,0.000009438591,0.009404849,0.000055768927,0.00015914539,0.000081120415,0.0002115,0.00002485322,0.00035115366],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991529,0.00008768358,0.0002239836,0.00021261579,0.00014547736,0.00017733937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992882,0.000016211254,0.00017557533,0.00035399353,0.00010344999,0.00006254707],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018905576,0.00016164994,0.0001303281,0.000041769796,0.00008704606,0.00007124302,0.00015866083,0.000120389144,0.000020900039],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000074925454,0.000119452925,0.000035886846,0.00009754028,0.000036312565,0.000013952874,0.000040037965,0.00007870525,0.00007215179],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052182753,0.000025454496,0.05880297,0.0003210312,0.00007445554,0.0000011413154,0.000079874575,0.026365967,0.907485,0.000049824255,0.0005874929,0.0061546247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006731745,0.000575512,0.010366388,0.00010134798,0.000026008147,0.00007507256,0.000043861914,0.940899,0.044399474,0.0000037636055,0.002450818,0.00038555218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014683147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015508569,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9145331,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023893017,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022487875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48711488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079058642","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.09.028","title":"Unsupervised Spike Sorting of extracellular electrophysiological recording in subthalamic nucleus of Parkinsonian patients","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neurological disorders and treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Subthalamic nucleus; Spike sorting; Bursting; Neuroscience; Pattern recognition (psychology); Electrophysiology; Spike (software development); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Deep brain stimulation; SIGNAL (programming language); Medicine; Biology; Cluster analysis; Parkinson's disease; Pathology","score_opus":0.01621701446098453,"score_gpt":0.2352267720391506,"score_spread":0.21900975757816607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079058642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99873143,0.00037366836,0.000008383032,0.00006116604,0.00007568544,0.00045479264,0.000008129903,0.000021809841,0.0002649578],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99967724,0.00006113897,0.00015541128,0.000034916746,0.000018898247,0.00001035406,0.000015444355,0.000013654336,0.000012919932],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876016,0.000050060917,0.0005183551,0.00025006154,0.00017471724,0.00024665825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994844,0.000025310905,0.00019961873,0.00018121397,0.000051528274,0.00005792796],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000088689885,0.00013617997,0.0004653814,0.000086421045,0.00002142853,0.000003108352,0.00007480085,0.0001089709,0.000017380919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007673258,0.000099114164,0.000117869604,0.00022854356,0.00004154605,0.00002755608,0.000023518738,0.00010560243,0.0000072290163],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003223886,0.0013129279,0.6771216,0.0001969245,0.00003410039,0.00006823386,0.00007182913,0.000016520682,0.31869665,0.0002054389,0.0000033447525,0.0019500721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0078762,0.0047587864,0.93951976,0.00056358636,0.000058914076,0.0000059983477,0.00009460168,0.00011099326,0.04569485,0.0010473061,0.000075849806,0.00019318031],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030981938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011919003,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2730018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052061965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026846501,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40417582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080365565","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.04.006","title":"The role of pectin in plant morphogenesis","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":199,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Pectin; Morphogenesis; Biology; Botany; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.04281661810455127,"score_gpt":0.23173211073328592,"score_spread":0.18891549262873464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080365565","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0014974985,0.9966644,4.254318e-9,0.0000064476826,0.0003144222,0.00035805145,0.00054821715,0.000012427787,0.0005985548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0075769145,0.9916931,7.7927075e-7,0.0000019655226,0.0003834517,0.00003284275,0.00010194231,0.0000012021108,0.00020780809],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987443,0.00016355023,0.00047750873,0.00017314915,0.0001503715,0.0002910882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990341,0.0004838634,0.0003327965,0.00007903407,0.0000116177025,0.00005856616],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000503401,0.00019038678,0.00067897013,0.000013800291,0.00007402834,0.000029661733,0.000411572,0.00020362924,0.00005386312],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010998844,0.000045853216,0.00024241985,0.0002457466,0.000017591821,0.000021256403,0.00005537263,0.00010819541,0.0000774746],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022154047,0.000018789759,0.00017341191,0.0005306274,0.00002076954,0.0000016156768,0.000008374982,8.640819e-9,0.00095401023,0.000086245986,0.00008843956,0.9981155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010172233,0.000017926488,0.00010236952,0.0013580277,0.00005208036,0.000030066316,0.00005117118,0.0000010067839,0.00007029898,0.000005213629,0.99817353,0.00012813981],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019427665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016650546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9980851,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025168792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013774521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29368946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080413320","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2009.10.008","title":"The evolution of senescence in multi-component systems","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Component (thermodynamics); Senescence; Biology; Evolutionary biology; Computer science; Computational biology; Genetics; Physics","score_opus":0.012364319674949503,"score_gpt":0.2357154545055234,"score_spread":0.2233511348305739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080413320","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98182833,0.007369942,0.0094931945,0.00009878635,0.00065948855,0.0003651252,0.000008084372,0.0000117940735,0.00016523068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924743,0.0001707674,0.00013088848,0.000016622565,0.00013053771,0.000007994516,0.000008960345,0.0000089977775,0.00027779874],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989779,0.00010178398,0.0003294181,0.00022550882,0.00014907593,0.00021633178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993427,0.00000858718,0.00013002535,0.0003988028,0.000076536686,0.000043355736],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037356076,0.00011827131,0.00014831741,0.000036912086,0.00006906107,0.000024357772,0.00024404813,0.00011493519,3.825262e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033703483,0.00009075748,0.000054706674,0.00008486352,0.000048362348,0.000002173636,0.00003262298,0.00005446891,0.000005928347],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021390264,0.00008254696,0.010091218,0.000038469832,0.000011423418,0.0000013178163,0.00014906796,0.00067823014,0.98811,0.00037014988,0.00020188981,0.00024427098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003428148,0.0013091378,0.3354495,0.00047973878,0.000052387786,0.00012799403,0.0040685786,0.028084198,0.5922562,0.00011589958,0.033447754,0.0011804984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004671786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001823377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39585385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005220682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054020118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37009826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080562508","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.03.004","title":"Dynamic regulation of growing domains for elongating and branching morphogenesis in plants","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant Reproductive Biology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; British Columbia Institute of Technology; Compute Canada","keywords":"Branching (polymer chemistry); Tip growth; Biological system; Morphogenesis; Growth rate; Chemical physics; Biophysics; Chemistry; Biology; Geometry; Mathematics; Ecology","score_opus":0.009616417488248572,"score_gpt":0.2444815988054275,"score_spread":0.23486518131717893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080562508","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99698305,0.0018291101,0.00064218376,0.000015949068,0.0001951408,0.00024498036,0.00004818028,0.000004764375,0.000036611076],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985054,0.00002680291,0.0011571965,0.000010286585,0.00013790259,0.000018284747,0.00011198654,0.000009845136,0.000022255317],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934936,0.000052465337,0.00018970884,0.00019498561,0.000040196184,0.00017326004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969536,0.00002359136,0.00010355107,0.00013100271,0.000019047813,0.000027439011],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042622938,0.00007956028,0.00013633902,0.000047405705,0.000030605057,0.0000033899676,0.00004809633,0.000100747166,3.5748454e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008612382,0.00007467573,0.0000268894,0.000034333298,0.000022078944,0.000008190967,0.000031226304,0.000021005908,3.4943253e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042935957,0.000012504587,0.106634624,0.00006357684,0.000015548232,1.0997774e-7,0.00006074111,0.000010007944,0.89238256,0.00006375702,0.0000076815295,0.0007059795],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055213145,0.000101983096,0.29092172,0.000076118056,0.0000090832555,0.000071008144,0.00019970171,0.000441469,0.7061857,0.000021914488,0.0012559708,0.00016322441],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000035379802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004731037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18619685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013778338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010529342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3045188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081146225","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2007.11.003","title":"Cardiac cell: a biological laser?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine","funders":"","keywords":"Lasing threshold; Population inversion; Population; Calcium; Laser; Coupling (piping); Physics; Biophysics; Computer science; Chemistry; Materials science; Quantum mechanics; Biology","score_opus":0.013982939056794418,"score_gpt":0.254437828116653,"score_spread":0.24045488905985857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2081146225","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97829443,0.0011710965,0.000042459415,0.00013050476,0.00070958433,0.00027413203,0.000007989131,0.00012318112,0.019246645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970231,0.000052744555,0.00009028945,0.00024144011,0.0012669127,0.0000081323715,0.000023366776,0.0000116367455,0.0012823793],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911416,0.000044104385,0.00019204862,0.00022152977,0.00010576839,0.00032238767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947834,0.0000692167,0.00004372966,0.00023309002,0.000041290496,0.00013431882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003523742,0.00011497637,0.00033326182,0.000057375884,0.000058051006,0.0000050493522,0.0000382691,0.00018068141,0.000032552616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028696302,0.00008216017,0.00021801497,0.0001502089,0.000050136056,0.000015879175,0.000021280703,0.00015169171,0.0003932214],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006314353,0.00014698811,0.036253534,0.00013444261,0.0001612652,0.001128503,0.00013319771,0.0000011578278,0.94377196,0.00063271844,0.013497115,0.0035076903],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021869203,0.001649353,0.19302377,0.00012657412,0.00015337451,0.00086462917,0.00048994896,0.00001619595,0.4911399,0.000070060334,0.30970764,0.0005716358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017868819,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010656607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45263207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041891446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033705273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5054197},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084145170","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2008.01.002","title":"Objective patterns in the evolving network of non-equivalent observers","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Predictability; Quantum; Spacetime; Computer science; Planck; Function (biology); Perception; Wave function; Mathematics; Statistical physics; Physics; Theoretical physics; Statistics; Quantum mechanics; Biology; Evolutionary biology","score_opus":0.023505530537675158,"score_gpt":0.24692757853058622,"score_spread":0.22342204799291107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084145170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924291,0.000053735577,0.0050783483,0.00005792358,0.00014728721,0.00031406345,0.00003237867,0.000006016185,0.0018811441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99958205,0.000003923144,0.000030464735,0.0000137947745,0.00026620372,0.0000603468,0.000010764605,0.000006859272,0.00002561158],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993897,0.000035439858,0.00019102573,0.00012060825,0.00011315997,0.00015008636],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957436,0.00004319051,0.00010148247,0.0002249662,0.00003583342,0.000020183981],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017170087,0.000073831245,0.00012529013,0.000014243168,0.00008490334,0.000009117014,0.00018084176,0.000019103269,0.00003226476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000013690587,0.00005393176,0.00006795761,0.000173897,0.0000115009525,0.000033959477,0.000025359615,0.00006801549,0.000012552794],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007166767,0.00028987526,0.83479923,0.00005953475,0.00008040903,0.0000041645517,0.0035326907,0.00022402834,0.0022570651,0.15412113,0.0038973205,0.0007273572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017579071,0.000245855,0.92216057,0.0006780738,0.00006299294,0.00001078082,0.01386882,0.03102988,0.0043254155,0.016506681,0.008587109,0.0007659496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000973409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002160859,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13761446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001598581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029208697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21992733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094769211","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(03)00111-4","title":"Reentrant waves in a ring of embryonic chick ventricular cells imaged with a Ca2+ sensitive dye","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","field":"Medicine","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Reentry; Reentrancy; Optical mapping; Refractory period; Biophysics; Rhythm; Cardiac pacemaker; Chemistry; Neuroscience; Internal medicine; Biology; Physics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0055024551040467155,"score_gpt":0.20888822694713183,"score_spread":0.20338577184308512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094769211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972799,0.00085362274,0.000039472816,0.00005795366,0.00011763546,0.0004711675,0.00000717631,0.000019932268,0.0011531528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995213,0.00003821691,0.00011102785,0.000030342408,0.00007779548,0.000010219395,0.0000057543793,0.000015209757,0.00019009024],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897987,0.00016868071,0.00021414828,0.00022604413,0.00014209858,0.00026915132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995207,0.000047803005,0.00009460741,0.00021680404,0.00005740061,0.00006269456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022694054,0.00013238032,0.00045442948,0.00010520654,0.000030762236,0.0000037804937,0.0000239885,0.00008395559,0.000006547209],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032367454,0.00009758452,0.00010500295,0.00027313823,0.00005455479,0.000026516112,0.000007494532,0.00017902532,0.000013230003],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000489856,0.0001277984,0.004292497,0.0003922325,0.00023073175,0.0043670307,0.00044880807,0.00009222233,0.9890304,0.00038960928,0.000067219924,0.00007159517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0037492898,0.0006807087,0.025575342,0.0010420041,0.00015505301,0.002379063,0.0007207451,0.00019957352,0.96478844,0.000009628983,0.0004566568,0.0002435246],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000084471234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022906604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02424199,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000064266234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000107915075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39793813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2095057098","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.06.005","title":"On the synthesis of DNA error correcting codes","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Algorithm; Error detection and correction; Metric (unit); Concatenated error correction code; Code (set theory); Decoding methods; Theoretical computer science; Block code; Programming language; Engineering","score_opus":0.018679012667903228,"score_gpt":0.2720543318589978,"score_spread":0.2533753191910946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2095057098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99718815,0.00023576761,0.00023916345,0.000100049554,0.00016507188,0.00010988443,0.000018026418,0.000024933961,0.001918952],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992092,0.00001655408,0.00025787696,0.00008219202,0.00022162101,0.00001036787,0.000007029616,0.000011948238,0.00018317859],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993075,0.000094122086,0.00017755003,0.00013769735,0.000107816464,0.000175324],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936634,0.0000816576,0.00014349501,0.00032133865,0.00005067798,0.000036461428],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042052695,0.00010572765,0.00014483613,0.000028524226,0.00007285654,0.0000075239577,0.000120885954,0.00009245134,0.0000023201478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003342501,0.00006313932,0.00010191907,0.00008777254,0.000059303577,0.000001812928,0.000037001566,0.000043378175,0.0000049785435],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025615507,0.00005204681,0.002200703,0.000017831397,0.00006028648,1.9096689e-7,0.000023742521,7.835697e-7,0.9932161,0.00024629588,0.0021593582,0.0019970445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027902544,0.000058571146,0.00027565466,0.00005465679,0.00002266071,0.000010115703,0.000243528,0.000014450582,0.99494565,0.00000858602,0.004246944,0.00009127055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016847844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008740943,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0020875859,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000090365165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000096194935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.25747466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098884050","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.09.006","title":"A game-theoretic model for punctuated equilibrium: Species invasion and stasis through coevolution","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coevolution; Punctuated equilibrium; Habitat; Ecology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Biology; Evolutionary biology; Evolutionary game theory; Evolutionarily stable strategy; Game theory; Mathematical economics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Economics","score_opus":0.017151714480328012,"score_gpt":0.23829024734669182,"score_spread":0.2211385328663638,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098884050","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.849164,0.0017411255,0.14643571,0.00014637082,0.00016480683,0.0005090456,0.00016385209,0.00003702734,0.0016380339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938195,0.00014883067,0.0017620854,0.00007139336,0.00020451195,0.000036902922,0.0004957786,0.000024276706,0.0034367384],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990551,0.000036058602,0.00024173711,0.0003273124,0.000110315326,0.00022949172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995151,0.000010296871,0.00008740991,0.00024063961,0.00010232661,0.000044212324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014899932,0.00015741495,0.00015130061,0.000029670358,0.00006188959,0.000034376564,0.00009038248,0.00016695568,0.0000034980608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031067306,0.0001411687,0.00007223924,0.000065879496,0.00010723978,0.0000051153993,0.00006205823,0.000031765194,0.0000042461224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015202854,0.00009146009,0.0015222583,0.00022348166,0.00003832059,6.181212e-7,0.000100548605,0.004321216,0.9654183,0.014832487,0.013153916,0.00014538906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027678472,0.00062110665,0.0031697825,0.00010326233,0.000100182675,0.000053835774,0.00027614596,0.8584242,0.06967982,0.00956665,0.05442747,0.00080969423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049054135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013441642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8957385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025960519,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049022354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5756692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2110436410","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2006.01.004","title":"Network topology and the evolution of dynamics in an artificial genetic regulatory network model created by whole genome duplication and divergence","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Evolvability; Network topology; Topology (electrical circuits); Computer science; Natural selection; Gene regulatory network; Divergence (linguistics); Biological network; Gene duplication; Genome; Network dynamics; Selection (genetic algorithm); Computational biology; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Mathematics; Evolutionary biology; Gene; Genetics; Computer network","score_opus":0.005007222817534633,"score_gpt":0.1976831929573428,"score_spread":0.19267597013980817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2110436410","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98084974,0.011442532,0.0072253346,0.00006957624,0.000059167538,0.0002801982,0.000023112196,0.000008020773,0.000042323423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99894094,0.000100620935,0.0002571025,0.00001743745,0.00032610056,0.000025734178,0.0002033859,0.000015433305,0.0001132239],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998705,0.00019834342,0.00038835756,0.00036569356,0.00009852137,0.00024407094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993009,0.00001111925,0.00019513938,0.00038237273,0.00006546927,0.000044977496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039961174,0.0001421391,0.00023855262,0.000032821637,0.00011117368,0.000016545291,0.0001331639,0.00019803253,9.5194855e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000061988235,0.0001225289,0.000041230403,0.00020051553,0.00025142846,0.000005131227,0.000081890685,0.000049975515,4.929515e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023946729,0.00006150667,0.2227741,0.00003879926,0.00006435078,6.8356974e-7,0.000044518252,0.4689654,0.30067953,0.0059937118,0.0007994832,0.00033842682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073150476,0.00012742325,0.11447998,0.00002048814,0.00010606627,0.00001285951,0.00016094508,0.87915975,0.0009809162,0.0036022114,0.0003163851,0.00030146967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052675616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024159518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41019434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006673279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000363624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49965838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118319491","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2007.11.002","title":"Effect of synaptic plasticity on sensory coding and steady-state filtering properties in the electric sense","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Sensory system; Sense (electronics); Plasticity; Coding (social sciences); Neuroscience; Biological system; Computer science; Synaptic plasticity; Biology; Mathematics; Physics; Chemistry; Statistics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.028938696212325508,"score_gpt":0.24245464526146315,"score_spread":0.21351594904913765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118319491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9991197,0.00001833355,0.000052728232,0.000027481059,0.00019014115,0.00035362123,0.0000036180134,0.00002187636,0.00021251627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998279,0.000009977862,8.2659983e-7,0.00007292027,0.000029201357,0.000004577762,1.4604663e-7,0.000007551386,0.000046897345],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899566,0.00026367593,0.00018859978,0.00018970702,0.00017272134,0.00018963176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885756,0.0009429505,0.00007725192,0.000091368645,0.000008720486,0.0000221323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071460503,0.0000986521,0.00013955917,0.00011086771,0.00006916219,0.0000304478,0.000058499772,0.00002962545,3.9820054e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033434475,0.00005662986,0.00002249324,0.00019661116,0.00003265202,0.000043801767,0.000017872162,0.00011105622,0.0000035143196],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018250446,0.000015232869,0.0003184333,0.00019697481,0.0000019239185,0.00004720815,0.0001864513,0.00006509362,0.9977948,0.00009911583,0.0000031209865,0.0010891211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031362532,0.000994585,0.0024268676,0.0001840058,0.000006361913,0.00013995127,0.000056604968,0.033607807,0.96212953,0.0000047068906,0.000035769768,0.00010018428],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003480639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000015875607,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03566529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026604472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004430234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23092985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2120139403","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(00)00070-8","title":"Studies into abstract properties of individuals. IV. Emergence in different aged needle primordia of Douglas fir","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Primordium; Ontogeny; Biology; Meristem; Douglas fir; Variation (astronomy); Evolutionary biology; Botany; Genetics; Gene","score_opus":0.10103994392231579,"score_gpt":0.3158772285751452,"score_spread":0.21483728465282942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2120139403","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972171,0.0014619845,0.000009245772,0.000057864945,0.00021867795,0.00036313286,0.000015612213,0.000023011275,0.0006333495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99887633,0.00012345417,0.00059473165,0.0000064557175,0.00007505813,0.000037520473,0.000002285496,0.000009856355,0.00027430305],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986481,0.000080992286,0.00072014966,0.00016452509,0.00023363992,0.00015257177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992837,0.00012205072,0.00024000651,0.00026591177,0.00005715012,0.00003123729],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003706169,0.00014599353,0.0005021211,0.00009372639,0.00003723459,0.00000783273,0.00018180901,0.00008494504,0.00025188283],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019702649,0.0000906856,0.000082047096,0.0002302257,0.00006021932,0.000054537253,0.00005086847,0.00009032265,0.000011429786],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002918284,0.007410146,0.4547604,0.018897511,0.0016885333,0.00003553204,0.05625281,0.00011814456,0.39889395,0.014717747,0.03539943,0.011533951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026789526,0.0006828454,0.7953376,0.0045375205,0.0001860223,0.000010005485,0.017536111,0.00021124374,0.16748416,0.006975587,0.003311437,0.0010484824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002496138,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000082087834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34057721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025153084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015060532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36980516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2124551777","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.09.004","title":"Generative topographic mapping applied to clustering and visualization of motor unit action potentials","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural Networks and Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Governo Brasil","keywords":"Visualization; Cluster analysis; Self-organizing map; Computer science; Pattern recognition (psychology); Artificial intelligence; Grid; Principal component analysis; Motor unit; Neuroscience; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.042962105439870946,"score_gpt":0.2840534867386454,"score_spread":0.24109138129877444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2124551777","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.27124926,0.000051857234,0.7277336,0.00033018185,0.000102589394,0.00032377485,0.0000017839346,0.000056398425,0.00015053932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990652,0.0000150100705,0.0089381365,0.000103613405,0.00018692891,0.000037995906,0.0000022972586,0.0000048479474,0.00005917354],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939466,0.00002412658,0.00019173473,0.00019179066,0.000099028395,0.00009867928],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962926,0.000014364186,0.00009121775,0.00017065833,0.000043008844,0.00005147927],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001128591,0.000068255446,0.0001036164,0.00010974252,0.00008941254,0.00006806642,0.0001413954,0.00003257036,0.0000014702882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002147064,0.0000637976,0.000019251074,0.00039923322,0.000009350033,0.00012505318,0.000076692646,0.000022571394,0.0000047712733],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000047235467,0.000031859458,0.00044367314,0.000059085927,0.000017893679,2.4356987e-7,0.00063033856,0.0021087572,0.9197092,0.038293168,0.00019891425,0.038502146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007604759,0.00018421073,0.020612845,0.00023410474,0.00002090648,0.000027540513,0.00040077933,0.7521403,0.1830963,0.00044371735,0.041397803,0.00068100495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019916499,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002712068,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75003153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010341345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062149934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26015905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131707961","doi":"10.1016/s0303-2647(02)00073-4","title":"Noise-induced divisive gain control in neuron models","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Noise (video); Context (archaeology); Multiplicative noise; Inhibitory postsynaptic potential; Gaussian noise; Electric fish; Shot noise; Biological system; Mathematics; Physics; Control theory (sociology); Computer science; Neuroscience; Algorithm; Transmission (telecommunications); Biology; Artificial intelligence; Telecommunications; Optics","score_opus":0.057011977219573975,"score_gpt":0.23481967968643797,"score_spread":0.177807702466864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131707961","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917215,0.0000365627,0.00036066942,0.0007228334,0.0011125769,0.0005333691,0.00002255177,0.00009719108,0.0053927107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981504,0.000013803149,0.0000022798793,0.001058204,0.00011341567,0.000029439614,7.975617e-7,0.000019731076,0.0006119048],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861276,0.00018187393,0.00026040268,0.00041151437,0.00023947138,0.00029397698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942845,0.00014217374,0.00009265046,0.00024469124,0.000018582537,0.00007344546],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012407952,0.00014319982,0.00019122029,0.000118462085,0.00007348872,0.00006340906,0.00018028304,0.0000709517,0.00002494847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000119376564,0.00012416605,0.000059873568,0.00027857797,0.000017944809,0.00020698328,0.000027337794,0.00013969792,0.00017313831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001594024,0.00007336026,0.00028463532,0.000018342398,0.0000013659302,0.000055101733,0.00009605218,0.0008557244,0.9950965,0.001998843,0.00040202428,0.0011021079],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001058761,0.00016592146,0.00063071935,0.000038570346,0.0000039379083,0.000028647595,0.000021837277,0.979085,0.017668784,0.00029868388,0.0007821986,0.00021689289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000079029654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002401752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97822934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005153632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005521552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5063345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137063199","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.12.003","title":"UML as a cell and biochemistry modeling language","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; TRIUMF","funders":"","keywords":"Unified Modeling Language; Computer science; Computational biology; Cell; Programming language; Natural language processing; Chemistry; Biology; Biochemistry; Software","score_opus":0.004650990759434293,"score_gpt":0.21631181214013032,"score_spread":0.21166082138069603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137063199","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.987267,0.010169476,0.0003859945,0.00007065038,0.000042326585,0.00007525907,0.0000058493865,0.000018984021,0.001964419],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960703,0.000106030006,0.000365237,0.00009274631,0.00071617734,0.0000082092565,0.0000451421,0.000021034111,0.002575082],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991907,0.000024901581,0.0001673401,0.00032380325,0.00010066743,0.00019262],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994678,0.000002139703,0.00005207997,0.00034322194,0.00003278425,0.000101992046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012279788,0.0001359885,0.0001300722,0.000027551081,0.000054338518,0.000027116628,0.00011172217,0.00014701624,0.000013243196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010511059,0.00013114631,0.00007418642,0.00006584073,0.00002132967,0.000002058913,0.00007441229,0.00004308468,0.000034478468],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009717892,0.000020235935,0.00063791015,0.000039416518,0.00003884769,0.000002249111,0.000060107537,0.0011495508,0.9959203,0.000003820252,0.0006856971,0.001432124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003761027,0.000046409918,0.000021506763,0.000020284162,0.000043892906,0.00004848739,0.00037535108,0.033683203,0.9508663,0.0000027757198,0.014233707,0.00028198925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037994945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002384951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045054033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014512288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003443423,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53479916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2153917440","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2005.09.010","title":"Dynamical properties of model gene networks and implications for the inverse problem","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Boolean network; Inverse; Logarithm; Matching (statistics); Boolean model; Mathematics; Boolean function; Function (biology); Upper and lower bounds; Gene regulatory network; Inverse problem; Computer science; Mathematical optimization; Applied mathematics; Discrete mathematics; Gene; Biology; Statistics; Gene expression; Genetics","score_opus":0.01882024732517422,"score_gpt":0.2295458387987989,"score_spread":0.21072559147362468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2153917440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9434961,0.007740931,0.047315538,0.00078587834,0.000030040255,0.00056024047,0.000020583391,0.000009579752,0.0000410989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974449,0.00021672904,0.00164036,0.0000530046,0.00022728363,0.00010153027,0.000022487797,0.000012950861,0.00028075278],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999448,0.000020007441,0.0001846216,0.00017856671,0.0000405736,0.0001282525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995091,0.000005664226,0.000078068304,0.0002917203,0.00007801314,0.000037464422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014827751,0.00008339555,0.00010961253,0.000015574396,0.000079772086,0.000011100508,0.00012107257,0.00008876788,3.4213778e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000074474965,0.000055606903,0.000073682044,0.000053911317,0.00006882056,0.0000019797765,0.000054369728,0.000023319963,3.5444552e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028799814,0.000028680142,0.0018598752,0.000043447715,0.00016633568,1.2981342e-8,0.000032551223,0.20811987,0.7852309,0.00021974566,0.0023213138,0.0019484981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024578426,0.00004421559,0.00053827686,0.000013972169,0.00009392792,0.000007329811,0.000033516735,0.9533369,0.038885333,0.000022221726,0.0066586644,0.000119836135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008225134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018488265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7463455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000092598275,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003025344,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22675838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2288856974","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.01.003","title":"Computational power and generative capacity of genetic systems","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Generativity; Semiotics; Generative grammar; Arbitrariness; Computer science; Genetic code; Semiosis; Sign (mathematics); Structuralism (philosophy of science); Expression (computer science); Cognitive science; Artificial intelligence; Linguistics; Epistemology; Biology; Mathematics; Philosophy; Programming language; Psychology; Genetics; DNA","score_opus":0.032294593398877164,"score_gpt":0.28311160882680203,"score_spread":0.2508170154279249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2288856974","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00023506072,0.9928561,0.0024840795,0.0000061082665,0.0007871428,0.00049121666,0.0017640032,0.000012850194,0.0013634296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05160846,0.9437099,0.00059649337,0.000004296659,0.0022942608,0.00014435421,0.00014716624,0.000076355034,0.0014187342],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987386,0.00013698015,0.0005313129,0.0002628074,0.00017379457,0.00015652284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990494,0.00007297397,0.00051157287,0.00018329779,0.000097111995,0.000085611406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011979034,0.0002535163,0.001002863,0.00008629857,0.000059411486,0.0000373704,0.00010873576,0.000098953686,0.00007020001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001938466,0.0001675645,0.0002061079,0.00007907212,0.00006605325,0.000038422295,0.000035636433,0.00007657655,0.000057010184],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009975401,0.00041089527,0.005918441,0.061625913,0.0046962327,0.0000073087444,0.00047903374,0.00012266648,0.000015704667,0.4132817,0.040156126,0.473276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012212715,0.000025943282,0.000021030062,0.0053530694,0.00008006963,0.0000069849734,0.00002191862,0.000050962248,4.8954837e-7,0.000060334587,0.99405414,0.00020294197],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000969839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.8989473e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.953898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038523627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013890358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68330824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2316289089","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.03.007","title":"The Double Homunculus model of self-reflective systems","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Object (grammar); Reflection (computer programming); Feature (linguistics); Computer science; Consciousness; Image (mathematics); Cognitive science; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Psychology; Philosophy; Linguistics","score_opus":0.11454974548947228,"score_gpt":0.35356317900849704,"score_spread":0.23901343351902476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2316289089","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9609559,0.00020348799,0.00081701885,0.001401046,0.0016019213,0.000918844,0.000039013998,0.00010501226,0.033957742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99314606,0.00008428087,0.000008457887,0.000025768473,0.000093238916,0.00008836221,1.0886508e-7,0.0000078850235,0.006545858],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984762,0.00014425284,0.00023318901,0.00029164716,0.00052699936,0.0003277043],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876106,0.00046302128,0.00011745554,0.00033349343,0.00023484319,0.00009010932],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007072869,0.00008598253,0.00011766931,0.000075269316,0.00031290404,0.00009203713,0.0004497049,0.00003843717,0.0000086400105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030182625,0.000040043637,0.000050678766,0.00039987647,0.00018944703,0.00017370748,0.0000708796,0.000051963387,0.00022344275],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042645257,0.00005813317,0.0004145087,0.000027233576,0.0000061874944,7.150057e-7,0.00052414305,0.000018009188,0.97730154,0.0187856,0.0015997019,0.0012215745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093188824,0.00014697762,0.00035053963,0.0001564309,0.000008588674,0.000018774275,0.0015163467,0.011519715,0.9701162,0.00050760346,0.014499701,0.00022723842],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000087336804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012072942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032190125,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000872684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025299622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28719792},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330827212","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.04.006","title":"Ecological systems as computer networks: Long distance sea dispersal as a communication medium between island plant populations","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Chemical synthesis and alkaloids","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institut national de la recherche scientifique","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Seed dispersal; Ecology; Genetic diversity; Analogy; Mainland; Channel (broadcasting); Biology; Population; Computer science; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.021478508732243603,"score_gpt":0.24445167739007026,"score_spread":0.22297316865782665,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2330827212","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878311,0.0010849219,0.0053811017,0.00079720415,0.00047512172,0.00026047535,0.00049324206,0.00024391369,0.003432895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99714535,0.00006352177,0.00004076588,0.000023818391,0.0015081089,0.000054083972,0.00031432367,0.000028197366,0.00082184304],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830216,0.000092566865,0.0005445815,0.00038290623,0.00030403634,0.0003737665],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983515,0.0005331536,0.00023322609,0.0006226856,0.00005399125,0.00020543873],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023473613,0.0002393755,0.00042215904,0.000024063324,0.00019207668,0.000116531264,0.00046240303,0.00029344708,0.0003014502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007062652,0.00015110924,0.00012303262,0.000091096386,0.000097071395,0.00010454259,0.00014858723,0.00015565772,0.00015866598],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008977339,0.00030476204,0.9589231,0.0003953223,0.0002660707,0.00004116633,0.00015961092,0.00006861925,0.014449686,0.0070373486,0.015298419,0.0029660997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010453402,0.0005773409,0.36154762,0.018339366,0.00093850686,0.0007509707,0.0011237017,0.06860744,0.04609845,0.001174496,0.48343614,0.0069525843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006145442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039097687,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5973755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001965315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026649213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6162056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2398111584","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2012.07.002","title":"Editorial","year":2012,"lang":"es","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"","field":"","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.011511007611639418,"score_gpt":0.26397358488128436,"score_spread":0.25246257726964494,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2398111584","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00013801802,0.004900846,0.0000017060725,0.000014772162,0.9728814,0.0018435688,0.011728395,0.0009358213,0.007555515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0067964033,0.00016027984,0.00002293136,0.0000031208983,0.98377484,0.00023522512,0.0030065204,0.001297943,0.004702726],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9853159,0.0012663703,0.0021506818,0.0017426765,0.0068581174,0.0026662622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9907315,0.0012690638,0.0024032604,0.0026297965,0.0017352045,0.0012312146],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0043484466,0.0020695582,0.002614511,0.0007271099,0.00046600855,0.0010406144,0.0021331757,0.008911563,0.0005669444],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027570105,0.002010943,0.000989142,0.00090219296,0.00028376194,0.0006678757,0.00058417366,0.002848701,0.24788317],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003884627,0.00035330025,0.0002399269,0.0018050188,0.0006643476,0.000009718741,0.00026297377,3.1631097e-7,0.004312586,0.00013839724,0.99174017,0.00008480073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021758573,0.00024142058,0.000017489367,0.0017134007,0.0007914143,0.000009284057,0.0000911767,0.0000035927333,0.0002623584,0.00000494728,0.9925492,0.0021398715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017168365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005526812,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24731623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0023010217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018279124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2414763642","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.05.010","title":"Energy saving mechanisms, collective behavior and the variation range hypothesis in biological systems: A review","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Range (aeronautics); Variation (astronomy); Mechanism (biology); Bernoulli's principle; Collective behavior; Ecology; Energy (signal processing); Computer science; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.03487132215314923,"score_gpt":0.28042072530008666,"score_spread":0.24554940314693743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2414763642","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[8.163057e-7,0.9308666,0.06583388,0.000012360878,0.00031826957,0.0019049052,0.00063609495,0.000017503347,0.00040956424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0019306362,0.9950344,0.00017641444,0.00001608178,0.00018458039,0.002369688,0.000034056404,0.000043176376,0.00021099878],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974231,0.00087451923,0.0007973006,0.00046462976,0.00015797235,0.00028243804],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788624,0.0010944579,0.0005799118,0.00031439707,0.000056538625,0.00006843376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006938871,0.0003987436,0.0018934649,0.00007947943,0.00011163122,0.000056340457,0.00023585446,0.00017976803,0.00003877727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059755293,0.00019950535,0.000246835,0.00024935586,0.000046666213,0.00003763163,0.00009031295,0.00016965297,0.000013592921],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061837673,0.000026688615,8.4353553e-7,0.003241845,0.000080467114,0.0000034083148,0.000012085291,2.7931469e-8,0.0000014110443,0.5223758,0.000012587399,0.47423863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022517475,0.00014281042,0.000011043458,0.189109,0.0018391156,0.00005096494,0.00010060669,0.0007948494,4.3504886e-7,0.07097146,0.73320276,0.0015251944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019080045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000062810354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7331902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017900996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010960841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8135592},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2508245841","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.08.001","title":"Restarting and recentering genetic algorithm variations for DNA fragment assembly: The necessity of a multi-strategy approach","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Brock University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fragment (logic); DNA; Algorithm; Computer science; Genetic algorithm; Computational biology; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Genetics; Machine learning","score_opus":0.029718749768323633,"score_gpt":0.25742860224304986,"score_spread":0.22770985247472622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2508245841","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87419945,0.0020738123,0.12286247,0.00011073216,0.00013911186,0.00043884918,0.000101495876,0.0000029648568,0.000071103816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869284,0.00025619267,0.012476546,0.000016365662,0.00014814499,0.000075043026,0.000005851994,0.000011361965,0.00008207262],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930525,0.000048600992,0.0002164769,0.00022282779,0.000055160966,0.00015170386],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995384,0.000027336788,0.00012619923,0.00020655511,0.00006891338,0.0000325666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023705182,0.000097456264,0.000121737095,0.000014519463,0.00011601714,0.000015589098,0.000104467195,0.000060312195,4.1842537e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003753263,0.000057917736,0.00004617818,0.0000301597,0.000042879616,7.175692e-7,0.0000874074,0.000015980557,2.7530143e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011998321,0.00003544899,0.0038789466,0.000044455515,0.000084728104,1.0907329e-7,0.00009296106,0.0000154018,0.97763115,0.00004413606,0.00007271861,0.01808792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004572149,0.0011427156,0.18256447,0.00022275308,0.00019094245,0.000047662666,0.0016269089,0.013940266,0.7632028,0.00021066624,0.031412605,0.000866072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032508397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018901917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21442838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000767985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023934643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23618168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2513497485","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.08.004","title":"C-DEVA: Detection, evaluation, visualization and annotation of clusters from biological networks","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cluster analysis; Workflow; Visualization; Computer science; Data mining; Usability; Annotation; Biological data; Biological network; Hierarchical clustering; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Bioinformatics; Database; Biology","score_opus":0.01392423954136538,"score_gpt":0.2461583045431623,"score_spread":0.2322340650017969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2513497485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83075315,0.0009978907,0.16752163,0.000030372215,0.00031377334,0.00024823347,0.000022296663,0.000008796567,0.00010386187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991936,0.00021978874,0.000097839984,0.00004673162,0.00028034236,0.00001612818,0.00011144721,0.000007768754,0.000026345206],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992539,0.00008324463,0.00028657244,0.00017601869,0.00009497533,0.000105239735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994543,0.000020794982,0.00017505269,0.00015595659,0.00015336345,0.00004051943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003598145,0.00008987093,0.00010946179,0.00002680286,0.000044753662,0.000012697221,0.0000598223,0.00017995077,0.000009514328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056033907,0.000060387574,0.000032490167,0.000059428054,0.000052739848,0.000005544894,0.000038567556,0.000018554252,0.0000025095012],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002042672,0.000045736426,0.016702587,0.00003633091,0.00016678942,2.3366869e-7,0.00022524386,0.00032978106,0.85516375,0.00039523357,0.0017165026,0.12501356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011159609,0.0026060634,0.11745658,0.000641196,0.0003059724,0.000053392683,0.0014939334,0.35768938,0.4517162,0.0025074393,0.052420102,0.001950091],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000233625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041930187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4034475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013925346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001925089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24625337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531761659","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.10.001","title":"A modified estimation distribution algorithm based on extreme elitism","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Estimation of distribution algorithm; Elitism; Selection (genetic algorithm); Mathematical optimization; Benchmark (surveying); Computer science; Population; Convergence (economics); Algorithm; Gaussian; Mathematics; Machine learning; Geography","score_opus":0.015181832737290915,"score_gpt":0.21552797389923792,"score_spread":0.200346141161947,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2531761659","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0029940887,0.000043117318,0.99490875,0.00013943082,0.00025117057,0.00021822918,0.0003859904,0.0004236545,0.00063556357],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99141455,0.000009029439,0.008042689,0.000010928551,0.00015645805,0.00012758504,0.00010671194,0.000020469446,0.000111610534],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939555,0.000009461434,0.00016575663,0.00014478895,0.00012441233,0.0001600187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996225,0.00004058771,0.000028421931,0.00022144234,0.000027500862,0.000059527414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058440022,0.00010891837,0.00009666179,0.00003147165,0.00005446989,0.000017299066,0.00006722075,0.000058688944,0.000013224486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000120256545,0.000079974634,0.00003587572,0.00010797791,0.000012901447,0.00008205121,0.000004782278,0.00003566159,0.00013798388],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003502222,0.000042296775,0.0000119718425,0.000047379042,0.000012416474,0.0000028520842,0.00001298703,0.03353556,0.012579539,0.0057602986,0.0019685572,0.9460226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034352328,0.000018324396,0.0004142223,0.000112392256,0.0000041424173,0.0000017028226,0.00000417411,0.9757921,0.0045125918,0.00037085952,0.018281009,0.00014492245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000075229627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010414352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9884204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012596014,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007307485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3261271},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2558482369","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2016.11.006","title":"An efficient finite-difference strategy for sensitivity analysis of stochastic models of biochemical systems","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Sensitivity (control systems); Parametric statistics; Computer science; Range (aeronautics); Parametric model; Stochastic modelling; Applied mathematics; Stochastic process; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Biological system; Statistics","score_opus":0.021981694982131747,"score_gpt":0.25580892588395765,"score_spread":0.2338272309018259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2558482369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.68417627,0.0004670802,0.31474382,0.000004364423,0.00006107107,0.00021854235,0.00031433767,0.000007253852,0.000007274779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995522,0.000007099843,0.0001105571,0.0000023309915,0.000108632405,0.000027450527,0.00012095166,0.000018686023,0.000052071548],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99836415,0.00016623027,0.0005216155,0.00047260144,0.00022428112,0.0002511069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983397,0.0000998953,0.00036048336,0.0007284677,0.00035651482,0.000114926945],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049942743,0.00019231708,0.0005886072,0.00019215891,0.000031346954,0.0000102366785,0.00018183455,0.00020688814,0.0000019297447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061907886,0.00013925202,0.00034285418,0.00037909416,0.00010493687,0.0000027180497,0.000042892578,0.000022532093,5.6024675e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054344393,0.000073319614,0.0003797298,0.000058839618,0.00065051287,2.2203953e-7,0.00001152839,0.37011155,0.62837875,0.00014971633,0.000017453187,0.00011401349],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041583963,0.00029368722,0.0009168227,0.00007599513,0.0009194017,0.0000024289343,0.00009307118,0.77917325,0.21785803,0.000011220898,0.000009349829,0.00023090171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007756047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003714669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4105207,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002249951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000073556774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5678533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2603750489","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2017.03.004","title":"A biophysical approach to cancer dynamics: Quantum chaos and energy turbulence","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Biofield Effects and Biophysics","field":"Medicine","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Interactome; Cancer; Biology; Computational biology; Epigenetics; Reprogramming; Computer science; Systems biology; Bioinformatics; Genetics; Cell","score_opus":0.018712845474546266,"score_gpt":0.2707268151452123,"score_spread":0.252013969670666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2603750489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98491716,0.00042580842,0.0013729173,0.0031509676,0.00092782534,0.00036724418,0.00005154528,0.00007683936,0.008709696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973421,0.000068206704,0.00010103909,0.0003487069,0.00079507515,0.00004747459,0.0000069964085,0.0000143439165,0.0012760757],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992187,0.000015290707,0.00011884743,0.0002971813,0.0001457919,0.00020418821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99922335,0.0000111211475,0.000073031086,0.0004707536,0.00004270439,0.00017901805],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000068529094,0.00013914469,0.00027829397,0.000030160061,0.0001548777,0.000080025166,0.00013586118,0.00011031866,0.0000031345717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017693492,0.00009789058,0.000052644584,0.000045326073,0.00007099666,0.000051363942,0.00008412555,0.000081392514,0.00001037875],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009351329,0.0016824208,0.048158,0.0052587828,0.0007381224,0.00017518621,0.0016663661,0.000006419614,0.5606293,0.17334414,0.021469137,0.18593697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0072176214,0.003849351,0.24468291,0.0042517902,0.00069200096,0.00043343246,0.0010003312,0.5440005,0.069816515,0.00066715095,0.120345995,0.0030423887],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003038876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009747145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5439941,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038458715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028812461,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45938918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2611111245","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2017.04.006","title":"Boredom begets creativity: A solution to the exploitation–exploration trade-off in predictive coding","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mind wandering and attention","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; SickKids Foundation; University of Toronto","funders":"Università degli Studi di Torino","keywords":"Boredom; Pleasure; Predictive coding; Computer science; Creativity; Coding (social sciences); Mean squared prediction error; Artificial intelligence; Minification; Key (lock); Machine learning; Data science; Psychology; Social psychology; Mathematics; Computer security; Statistics","score_opus":0.09190679998057785,"score_gpt":0.3081519230670331,"score_spread":0.21624512308645524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2611111245","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97467566,0.000048555758,0.013954567,0.0069333264,0.0011742259,0.00087659416,0.000035957633,0.00008341089,0.002217687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933916,0.00002425149,0.000021834352,0.000070092065,0.00021840361,0.00009110333,0.000003552424,0.000009709244,0.00022191532],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893844,0.00015541413,0.00019518987,0.00029135623,0.00023874785,0.00018083878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936527,0.000078110796,0.00016019175,0.0003311231,0.00001759764,0.000047724134],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041949752,0.00009611203,0.00011287814,0.00008021855,0.00064608786,0.0002451556,0.0002187716,0.00004999133,0.0000031454513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00063888234,0.000072827475,0.000036398793,0.0001027616,0.00004203727,0.00057775195,0.000045587196,0.000086036795,0.000043677555],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002011771,0.00025977186,0.008153503,0.00011870066,0.000015391603,0.00002970199,0.02828739,0.00083225174,0.92056274,0.005485679,0.005473312,0.030580385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003544372,0.000995035,0.25034922,0.0020045366,0.0000633797,0.00006116984,0.011539669,0.14025079,0.55091006,0.0015831043,0.03755121,0.001147434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012599019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00028772245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36965266,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000709733,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020545922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4969251},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767138598","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2017.10.013","title":"Network induction for epidemic profiles with a novel representation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Representation (politics); Extant taxon; Computer science; Focus (optics); Theoretical computer science; Space (punctuation); Graph; Computation; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm","score_opus":0.058565242196263384,"score_gpt":0.32378548882682984,"score_spread":0.2652202466305664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2767138598","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39286512,0.00006465204,0.5976887,0.000538207,0.00048380689,0.0019556792,0.00006507023,0.0001941832,0.0061445967],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917869,4.2455588e-7,0.0052132113,0.000007954651,0.0022237154,0.00029892277,0.00006468697,0.00001657136,0.0003875991],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927807,0.000020556074,0.00019651743,0.00023654655,0.00008973935,0.00017855616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989266,0.00003794493,0.00039276268,0.00052073004,0.00008891555,0.000033069267],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024058665,0.00010376375,0.0001986091,0.000027309776,0.00039807335,0.0001280314,0.00018539518,0.000030594118,0.000013374908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008922647,0.00008340982,0.0000734389,0.0000614505,0.00003152909,0.00015847642,0.000036056605,0.000053310294,0.0000034715079],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010835479,0.00010844967,0.88650596,0.00005699884,0.00036005938,3.7215182e-7,0.00012751274,0.0004905667,0.00685655,0.05244107,0.034642298,0.018301794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0097284,0.0013960698,0.42970198,0.002970334,0.0015707534,0.000031714273,0.0025038954,0.15793593,0.052897867,0.08890831,0.24811263,0.004242104],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008977145,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003788117,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5989218,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018093591,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019831046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34013534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2769702185","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2017.11.004","title":"Corrigendum to “A biophysical approach to cancer dynamics: Quantum chaos and energy turbulence” [BioSystems 156–157 (June–July) (2017) 1–22]","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"erratum","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"CHAOS (operating system); Turbulence; Statistical physics; Dynamics (music); Quantum; Energy (signal processing); Physics; Computer science; Quantum mechanics; Mechanics","score_opus":0.054860565569796425,"score_gpt":0.30117920201140536,"score_spread":0.24631863644160892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2769702185","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.008097683,0.011443098,0.025957773,0.0043029,0.42300743,0.016000023,0.016777908,0.0034155748,0.4909976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.13034381,0.00046817484,0.0019627577,0.0005509244,0.013887203,0.003359204,0.0008839212,0.0007924131,0.8477516],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9919399,0.00046602095,0.0019155697,0.00258756,0.0012589338,0.0018319952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99290776,0.00027420523,0.0015586962,0.0034942837,0.00042481802,0.0013402447],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011342588,0.0018408909,0.0037033348,0.0006966281,0.0006211194,0.0005144734,0.0026249036,0.002175581,0.00006487359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009573229,0.0014924415,0.00052420533,0.00046717428,0.00036491797,0.00016803216,0.0010894905,0.001285479,0.00052712474],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005558909,0.00033702984,0.000020783247,0.0053907833,0.00037800425,0.00006026067,0.00048362257,2.7549143e-7,0.0004202544,0.09845891,0.89419967,0.00019484441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077469816,0.0005148788,0.000037746002,0.006424975,0.00052419497,0.000356774,0.00049425213,0.013157891,0.00026946457,0.0077679195,0.9663611,0.0033161163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018847053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013316693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40912023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00076761143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004885828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888301048","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.08.007","title":"Integration of intracellular signaling: Biological analogues of wires, processors and memories organized by a centrosome 3D reference system","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Centrosome; Microtubule; Soliton; Cytoskeleton; Computer science; Biology; Cell; Cell biology; Physics; Nanotechnology; Nonlinear system; Materials science; Cell cycle; Quantum mechanics; Genetics","score_opus":0.023928096327135637,"score_gpt":0.2014261238149923,"score_spread":0.17749802748785667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888301048","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99770355,0.0016272027,0.0000079932,0.0000683584,0.00006409948,0.00021097189,0.00018533527,0.000055770335,0.000076716045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99941653,0.00020212961,0.000044588614,0.0000134254615,0.00014556994,0.000008259595,0.00014921225,7.2018463e-7,0.00001955131],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988275,0.00014456981,0.00039200255,0.00029340776,0.00012146089,0.00022107005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992545,0.00013649398,0.0002950904,0.000043942593,0.00022161771,0.000048358786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021986461,0.00016549903,0.00046895858,0.00001364253,0.00012891511,0.000013440489,0.00018280874,0.00019769488,0.000014964649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011027073,0.000053218253,0.000039457387,0.00028545756,0.00042245747,0.000044860873,0.00006384455,0.000074153504,0.0000041075446],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013449595,0.000042505828,0.0020444083,0.00004642254,0.000030903022,7.887778e-7,0.0000997924,1.48789825e-8,0.99575806,0.00025210253,0.000058139,0.0015323807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018494038,0.0021568553,0.009601706,0.00015118183,0.000023855317,0.0000098315,0.0016533064,0.00005557521,0.9842521,0.00006617223,0.0016478127,0.00019669335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015375415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011820312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011505976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014119629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054709217,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21701774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892550853","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.09.014","title":"Hyper-restorative non-equilibrium state as a driving force of biological morphogenesis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Biofield Effects and Biophysics","field":"Medicine","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Complexification; Living systems; Physics; Classical mechanics; Process (computing); Biological system; Statistical physics; Computer science; Biology; Quantum mechanics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.06210580519066211,"score_gpt":0.338223135555519,"score_spread":0.2761173303648569,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892550853","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.018633366,0.9772051,0.000024584166,0.000022394986,0.00089666294,0.0018038319,0.00010583336,0.0000629175,0.0012453275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.018797452,0.9776012,0.00013236197,0.000042681077,0.0012343843,0.000075913485,0.00012128192,0.00006162844,0.0019331514],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801105,0.00015598058,0.0007293395,0.00050529646,0.00026410635,0.0003342199],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983511,0.0001684051,0.00058071467,0.0005678865,0.00016353917,0.00016838466],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029069063,0.0004688672,0.0023600496,0.0001250172,0.00003786358,0.000021757,0.00023266436,0.0005775632,0.00003939297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086941815,0.00027717068,0.0006757809,0.00035998411,0.00015834399,0.00003756336,0.00013355947,0.00022026262,0.0002321477],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002286882,0.0007207586,0.0009325543,0.1928994,0.0028413069,0.00035621217,0.0004678961,1.7340648e-7,0.035798296,0.000118086115,0.012918906,0.75271773],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034544113,0.001777565,0.000048270158,0.027156169,0.00073853915,0.00019920222,0.00003424928,0.000019015411,0.002081266,0.000007147332,0.9671287,0.00046446663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012835998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000042020574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95420974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008368728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028834518,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2894747430","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.10.003","title":"A mathematical model of the biochemical network underlying left–right asymmetry establishment in mammals","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Congenital heart defects research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Lethbridge","keywords":"NODAL; Bistability; Asymmetry; Physics; Steady state (chemistry); Control theory (sociology); Biology; Anatomy; Computer science; Chemistry; Control (management)","score_opus":0.031657517642523524,"score_gpt":0.3001959088823263,"score_spread":0.2685383912398028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2894747430","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99377567,0.0004794381,0.00076780055,0.00010157547,0.00012466477,0.0004185968,0.000012947659,0.00000780917,0.0043115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985311,0.0000090106305,0.0004190205,0.000043483393,0.00022889469,0.000015325213,0.0000060281914,0.00001980801,0.00072732073],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986338,0.00010575071,0.00032757033,0.0002898899,0.00028010661,0.00036285404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992024,0.00003131891,0.00006253229,0.00053370785,0.00009367233,0.00007637553],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048261677,0.000130032,0.0001940113,0.000045193257,0.000059368387,0.000025172027,0.00032396291,0.00018448631,0.000025216434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012211947,0.000091568785,0.00010378144,0.00021457254,0.00018149786,0.000003564438,0.0003143856,0.000109469656,0.000021829865],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005919703,0.00009497927,0.0049041207,0.000180549,0.00003897053,0.0000017540776,0.00006764496,0.00005335479,0.9903546,0.00077502447,0.00312608,0.00034369846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073549134,0.0002980006,0.001528578,0.00035796614,0.000019330544,0.000056650766,0.00012225857,0.026008682,0.965952,0.0013085826,0.0032738897,0.00033857924],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000018467124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008626027,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025955327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003644561,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011478506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37340668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895312986","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.09.018","title":"Computational, theoretical, and experimental approaches to morphogenesis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Morphogenesis; Computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.0338628785731052,"score_gpt":0.23863267665858356,"score_spread":0.20476979808547835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895312986","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.010136126,0.0035100384,0.013961613,0.000025522751,0.9696073,0.0005987348,0.0002681791,0.00030077028,0.0015917075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.48170096,0.000041176896,0.0016889854,0.00001066167,0.5160711,0.00009082744,0.0001478675,0.0001005246,0.00014791904],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987698,0.00002863124,0.00026826814,0.00034422777,0.0003754117,0.00021366065],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943715,0.00010299249,0.00002952661,0.00024293912,0.000045176243,0.00014219068],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016301073,0.00027295752,0.00031723632,0.00008707641,0.000062346466,0.00012230336,0.00020463721,0.0003668179,0.000080513484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031742842,0.00024614565,0.000049968978,0.00007943692,0.00009379802,0.00003005704,0.00006623321,0.00012443954,0.0001748481],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006505852,0.00001411799,0.0000022625077,0.0001994477,0.00006129853,0.0000035024334,0.00020653984,0.003722094,0.00024414944,0.0010674547,0.99432737,0.0001452356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012379183,0.00012723933,0.0000023574555,0.00020997171,0.000025431846,0.0000071246914,0.00013930709,0.030008197,0.008025311,0.00011360758,0.9606117,0.000605981],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013886705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024974604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47156483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069824484,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023432749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999991},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897618855","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.10.013","title":"The publications of embryologist Lev V. Beloussov","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Earth Systems and Cosmic Evolution","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Manitoba","keywords":"Computer science; Information retrieval","score_opus":0.018840872600836847,"score_gpt":0.22229759765544715,"score_spread":0.20345672505461032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897618855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.907715,0.0032224625,0.00029055294,0.0012734218,0.0024888732,0.00041232666,0.00010956878,0.00011096778,0.08437679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968601,0.000023156925,0.0000559185,0.00002391768,0.00037626614,0.0000018065748,0.000017767214,0.0000015662954,0.0026395055],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991662,0.00007957071,0.00026983084,0.00012893684,0.00017457284,0.00018090189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923426,0.0000935225,0.00015632188,0.00029538237,0.00017052934,0.00005001426],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005356692,0.000063077394,0.000097367396,0.00003493531,0.00029028684,0.000048123522,0.00024007894,0.00004843654,0.00017448892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008380342,0.00003682775,0.000035499994,0.0003006228,0.00020199206,0.00007727413,0.000007139508,0.00004179043,0.00051681284],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014627198,0.000011602319,0.94997776,0.000029996516,0.00003007869,2.6187521e-7,0.00022349764,0.000008054043,0.00036153555,0.007197608,0.026040724,0.016104277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008420159,0.00011893442,0.75957066,0.00002058371,0.0000045120482,0.000013140408,0.0002999751,0.0014039206,0.0001318011,0.00020606063,0.23807666,0.00006956583],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004635833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013117806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21203594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000026485034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055522112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73200434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2898576544","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.10.006","title":"Acquisition and reconstruction of 4D surfaces of axolotl embryos with the flipping stage robotic microscope","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Red River College","funders":"University of Kentucky","keywords":"Axolotl; Embryo; Stage (stratigraphy); Embryogenesis; Microscope; Biology; Cell biology; Anatomy; Optics; Regeneration (biology); Physics","score_opus":0.007268835830041433,"score_gpt":0.24809545456552523,"score_spread":0.2408266187354838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2898576544","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803168,0.00073731825,0.018471925,0.00002341716,0.00008530808,0.00026116605,0.000018667557,0.000013193638,0.000072206014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98907834,0.00006375257,0.010662349,0.000015048126,0.0000665051,0.000006705093,0.000008350825,0.0000124548615,0.0000864647],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940866,0.00004737518,0.00017805719,0.00018909655,0.00006623799,0.000110542715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938786,0.000007593061,0.00020905914,0.00023943864,0.00013662566,0.00001942606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015576372,0.00009551043,0.00013769472,0.000026591706,0.00007231279,0.000013285267,0.0000997262,0.000082903935,0.0000035641199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000941781,0.000065408756,0.00002139749,0.00007191832,0.00047049156,0.000006866364,0.000045530276,0.00003363306,4.7819634e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006803485,0.0000084036365,0.0047047758,0.000083395425,0.000019983427,2.1648725e-7,0.00006256493,0.000010121465,0.9945623,0.000028264867,0.00004601946,0.00040590114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015171805,0.00047753644,0.001153374,0.00014938328,0.0000108708755,0.00003073148,0.00035610358,0.000067854235,0.99711543,0.000004373155,0.0004028222,0.00007977694],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000055367404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052349977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008761571,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008154374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032553166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26672918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910634931","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.12.002","title":"Biological computation and the foundations of biological organization: The legacy of the journal BioSystems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computation; Computer science; Data science; Management science; Computational biology; Biology; Engineering; Algorithm","score_opus":0.10641829360039468,"score_gpt":0.3592088934099603,"score_spread":0.25279059980956564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2910634931","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.036433257,0.00097440917,0.0070259077,0.0015163462,0.9518267,0.0013444369,0.0002869506,0.000030033716,0.0005619536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90636295,0.000101723024,0.000054007494,0.000023699142,0.092747286,0.0000040715317,0.00008310786,0.000011761149,0.00061139354],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99259275,0.0027017351,0.0016995603,0.00054266036,0.002250282,0.00021298265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98143965,0.012608177,0.0026270465,0.0014261403,0.0018470059,0.000051960276],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01864439,0.00023621101,0.00068245135,0.00018332383,0.0007255659,0.0010082849,0.00286849,0.00033978777,0.00004516978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.018662175,0.00007838358,0.00020501652,0.0016886852,0.0009556258,0.00015092785,0.001089436,0.0004233808,0.000053857068],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034482495,0.000032643344,0.0020677433,0.000034857392,0.000072003466,3.1682856e-7,0.00048597014,0.00015170743,0.00007020274,0.001454762,0.99457246,0.0010228752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001196319,0.0001366303,0.003969859,0.00029340686,0.00009750839,0.000037038855,0.0041933153,0.0025059285,0.000044127224,0.0011677026,0.98613,0.00022814226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017313578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022714787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8699297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000494494,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028565948,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98960406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2949598351","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2019.103982","title":"Molecular orbitals of delocalized electron clouds in neuronal domains","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Delocalized electron; Physics; Electron; Quantum mechanics; Electromagnetic field; Dipole; Quantum; Atomic orbital; Dephasing; Quantum electrodynamics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.019194480509484805,"score_gpt":0.29419233333100175,"score_spread":0.27499785282151695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2949598351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99305737,0.00011971766,0.000022786724,0.000026347447,0.0002786952,0.0004937826,0.000018540532,0.000020501033,0.005962232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99961174,0.000026813177,0.000015160795,0.00006385402,0.00002390184,0.000016489197,0.0000019983995,0.000019907717,0.0002201163],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822664,0.000245827,0.00029741784,0.00034440678,0.0005063842,0.0003793129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939173,0.000106063286,0.000070226124,0.0003186051,0.000032446205,0.00008092691],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027479656,0.00011648985,0.00023628383,0.00014600554,0.000018731296,0.000022735887,0.0003599168,0.000076149474,0.0000738602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121658246,0.00010520028,0.000074065734,0.0004471683,0.00005291364,0.000042824493,0.0000789143,0.00013444033,0.00014443998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000645929,0.00005566497,0.004545243,0.000052998934,0.0000022986578,0.0000112198495,0.00004529306,0.000059145947,0.9932135,0.0018697616,0.000033797653,0.0000464941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006593862,0.00020196264,0.0010158654,0.000028849263,0.0000014713733,0.000008599851,0.000012888318,0.0012652159,0.9944311,0.00009928258,0.0021661692,0.00010922715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006260657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009125023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006554362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056224286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008292024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42899427},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2950002708","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2019.103981","title":"How signals of calcium ions initiate the beats of cilia and flagella","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts; Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja","keywords":"Flagellum; Axoneme; Cilium; Microtubule; Dynein; Motile cilium; Intraflagellar transport; Cell biology; Biophysics; Biology; Organelle; Tubulin; Chemistry; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.01288946741534031,"score_gpt":0.2290226433035286,"score_spread":0.21613317588818828,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2950002708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968382,0.0017797803,0.00020054363,0.00007667807,0.00014224506,0.00024527495,0.000076867254,0.00000254041,0.00063786696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99859524,0.0001512888,0.000026807735,0.000037534963,0.00006377729,0.00000495235,0.00002511406,0.000009068528,0.0010862233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994805,0.000047694622,0.0001532076,0.00014494313,0.00006995903,0.00010369129],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999489,0.000013517505,0.0001142193,0.00028657934,0.00006951897,0.00002716668],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013657284,0.000082183724,0.00014959974,0.000019920784,0.00001974242,0.000011148262,0.00011930514,0.00009977062,0.000004033689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016458907,0.000056868907,0.000060705388,0.000044871187,0.000054278407,0.000001795634,0.000067616056,0.00003210695,0.0000024777573],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001179997,0.000014475232,0.0035011806,0.00010693195,0.00004246934,2.3432817e-7,0.0000533441,0.0000027257558,0.99560165,0.00010602551,0.0004462735,0.0001128819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025850802,0.00016062961,0.00095034624,0.00004975449,0.000019804864,0.000008633415,0.00024933502,0.000048849834,0.98495513,0.00001339074,0.013200198,0.000085413754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048655693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002304075,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012753924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000025047643,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026919064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23190467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2952990015","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.08.006","title":"Nonlinear calcium ion waves along actin filaments control active hair–bundle motility","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Liquid Crystal Research Advancements","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts; Provincial Secretariat for Higher Education and Scientific Research, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja","keywords":"Stereocilia (inner ear); Bundle; Inner ear; Mechanotransduction; Myosin; Context (archaeology); Biophysics; Actin; Hair cell; Calcium; Chemistry; Anatomy; Materials science; Neuroscience; Biology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.034766048917010156,"score_gpt":0.32263670724928173,"score_spread":0.28787065833227155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2952990015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99390423,0.000043590524,0.0013148104,0.00012709251,0.0015650061,0.0009361499,0.00045011655,0.00013959323,0.0015194062],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970431,0.0000027196188,0.000735632,0.00007796694,0.00084366987,0.000066952096,0.000022647877,0.000029729417,0.0011776094],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970129,0.00031046788,0.00045210295,0.0006109048,0.0008538136,0.0007597791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984094,0.00012961333,0.0002237165,0.00061757956,0.00033714596,0.0002825334],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085493893,0.00024405737,0.00034842436,0.00008419827,0.00028490432,0.00016509187,0.00048366436,0.000110668625,0.0006076065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047291344,0.00020393742,0.00007933401,0.00019040321,0.00024904712,0.0005796974,0.0002687365,0.00013146571,0.0015521138],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033684092,0.00022368864,0.001078519,0.00006967378,0.000025589114,0.000008046126,0.00022706333,0.0000012357132,0.9968862,0.000019758541,0.00063083455,0.000492527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013039922,0.00088424823,0.0024976097,0.00010471495,0.000011096886,0.000006954716,0.0003408922,0.0015136923,0.98438555,0.00005203632,0.008687878,0.00021131629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00076617405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013628279,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012500655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034950566,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013714442,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014165712","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104133","title":"A centrality based multi-objective approach to disease gene association","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Betweenness centrality; Centrality; Crossover; Computer science; Disease; Flexibility (engineering); Association (psychology); Benchmark (surveying); Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Data mining; Medicine; Mathematics; Psychology; Statistics","score_opus":0.01754718879547524,"score_gpt":0.22347355742280445,"score_spread":0.20592636862732921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014165712","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.61414325,0.0010944465,0.37341717,0.0032827596,0.000950752,0.0026062652,0.0009454185,0.00012285361,0.0034370697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940433,0.0000050995322,0.0030567541,0.0019456756,0.00046266612,0.00003458273,0.00026904215,0.000014382387,0.00016850035],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911195,0.000056556004,0.00020729385,0.0002634414,0.00013035911,0.00023039733],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993008,0.0000049080404,0.00010396767,0.00020112791,0.00006809207,0.0003211413],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018145729,0.00012442139,0.00013214684,0.000013801622,0.000055965742,0.000038279137,0.00013871414,0.00011632487,0.0000028956856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000087051936,0.000117212854,0.00009118724,0.00009821638,0.000007800517,0.0000023987482,0.000057444617,0.00005642405,0.000035711113],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015736009,0.0012120715,0.09433911,0.0011635844,0.00089355285,0.0000102226195,0.0028391653,0.01486002,0.75348634,0.0003920256,0.12528011,0.003950201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006724259,0.00079960737,0.06881859,0.00008740447,0.0002189117,0.0000045409156,0.00085322984,0.35476446,0.14395581,0.000024400351,0.42150033,0.0022484628],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015589243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004260107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6095305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052887866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007372155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47798014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022962594","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104148","title":"A search for the physical basis of the genetic code","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Basis (linear algebra); Code (set theory); Computer science; Genetic code; Computational biology; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Mathematics; Genetics; Programming language; DNA; Set (abstract data type)","score_opus":0.02924242929845135,"score_gpt":0.2589613013834254,"score_spread":0.22971887208497402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022962594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888115,0.00097104843,0.0063034883,0.0026309025,0.0001808817,0.00083407667,0.00009470854,0.0000067492974,0.00016663443],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988831,0.000021299942,0.00016017583,0.00022527835,0.00051257,0.0000641272,0.0000023020086,0.000013393316,0.00011772279],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994185,0.0000745341,0.00011073646,0.00016035434,0.000117823365,0.00011806908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954426,0.00003588165,0.000049444552,0.0002900004,0.000044992787,0.000035404915],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012034531,0.000072826544,0.00009898063,0.000003972977,0.00007384801,0.000010933335,0.00032893848,0.000052923137,0.000003898551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052793424,0.00003817673,0.00014370587,0.00005987978,0.000041003757,5.896176e-7,0.00007726767,0.000028731723,0.0000050719455],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036538047,0.000011660264,0.00032903528,0.000054534255,0.00003880961,9.331251e-8,0.00010800665,0.000022184347,0.9964463,0.00016005994,0.0008569697,0.00193581],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014400654,0.00014485551,0.00033344963,0.000010727522,0.000019228253,0.0000017816163,0.00010944048,0.00066854374,0.96469903,0.000012199088,0.033802923,0.00005381743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012787919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003509669,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032945953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000026256987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037125174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15568018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031009407","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104169","title":"French flag gradients and Turing reaction-diffusion versus differentiation waves as models of morphogenesis","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Turing; Reaction–diffusion system; Computer science; Morphogenesis; Pattern formation; Statistical physics; Physics; Biology; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.017160975348954104,"score_gpt":0.21997922937404996,"score_spread":0.20281825402509585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3031009407","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985189,0.000554223,0.00020480886,0.000061872954,0.00026734758,0.00012623768,0.000011684234,0.00000936282,0.00024557006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992955,0.0001652471,0.00011449596,0.00002064457,0.00010107492,0.000006352986,0.0002017576,0.000007365202,0.000087561784],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994135,0.000033182198,0.00016486918,0.00022437748,0.00007513168,0.00008896328],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972427,0.0000054994653,0.00009186925,0.00009107322,0.000032186825,0.000055103737],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004821354,0.0000923051,0.000106337204,0.00002454612,0.00005295475,0.00000633155,0.00005262492,0.00012272056,0.0000031338413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017989089,0.00008440649,0.000035122524,0.00005039939,0.000024534345,0.0000057502452,0.000056006003,0.000022395974,0.0000040344707],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011322183,0.00001460941,0.009158686,0.000040308525,0.000046076697,3.0450332e-7,0.00011926481,0.000013137219,0.9891819,0.000034147797,0.000069618975,0.0012087511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010245899,0.0003006553,0.07874645,0.000028345885,0.000027851886,0.000007446935,0.00012385247,0.0011626155,0.9167912,0.000051769424,0.0015551888,0.00018004511],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005967924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019321296,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07239068,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008170749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014718458,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3441997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047208477","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104219","title":"The evolutionary dynamics of social systems via reflexive transformation of external reality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Reflexivity; Epistemology; Sociology; Opposition (politics); Biosocial theory; Cognitive science; Social psychology; Psychology; Social science; Political science; Philosophy; Politics","score_opus":0.08810705017699472,"score_gpt":0.3286791963120025,"score_spread":0.24057214613500777,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3047208477","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.033630867,0.00087215827,0.9457237,0.0131973075,0.001772423,0.0007647173,0.00016411812,0.00009157584,0.003783115],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995714,0.0000093820945,0.00013798347,0.000017079847,0.00022097533,0.000008965063,0.0000083260375,0.00000302049,0.000022896169],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981753,0.00026823563,0.0004970572,0.00018487552,0.0006931815,0.0001813151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906015,0.00010864902,0.00022295016,0.0002627221,0.00024564794,0.00009989552],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008877148,0.00007340096,0.00017807528,0.000034660825,0.00017934569,0.00006802613,0.00086127466,0.00006569129,0.0000018798304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004494519,0.000049982384,0.00009471331,0.00043165905,0.0001915851,0.00024373167,0.0000850834,0.00010195309,0.000010409974],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000106515916,0.000055304114,0.00018906422,0.0005570536,0.000038030088,0.0000030410438,0.0032333033,0.00011549951,0.01263577,0.9759294,0.002045558,0.0050914604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003394318,0.00026280974,0.002601957,0.000080570964,0.0000065119502,0.000011031623,0.00044059893,0.98004806,0.0025627597,0.010929307,0.0025745125,0.00014241866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011824208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005545044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9799326,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056817567,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007801807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20382226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081682657","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104235","title":"Gene-regulatory context of honey bee worker sterility","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Context (archaeology); Sterility; Gene; Honey bee; Genetics; Gene regulatory network; Kin selection; Inclusive fitness; Evolutionary biology; Ecology; Gene expression","score_opus":0.018544754339960005,"score_gpt":0.2351235876630527,"score_spread":0.2165788333230927,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081682657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99850094,0.0006868102,0.00005596909,0.00012658285,0.00025172054,0.00016134998,0.000048775735,0.000013488021,0.00015434095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988178,0.0000111699,0.00005709008,0.00050247036,0.00033473576,0.000011483269,0.00005057963,0.000010513021,0.00020416026],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929106,0.000051427272,0.00022129797,0.00022219829,0.00006773266,0.00014630085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996144,0.0000037875166,0.00008952319,0.00016644261,0.000049103353,0.000076708944],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010503509,0.00010528379,0.0001747775,0.000011753582,0.00004585495,0.0000056282092,0.00013006075,0.00018136123,0.000041830463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016987266,0.00009406021,0.000098348646,0.00004718753,0.00007139717,0.0000023091804,0.00005920131,0.00005069401,0.000028294304],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016664964,0.000038973463,0.017887937,0.00002716956,0.000025765099,0.0000025550494,0.000083398765,4.697325e-7,0.97880745,0.00001900871,0.0016712742,0.0012693225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003389221,0.00022195379,0.018288484,0.000008617071,0.00001639038,0.0000059180384,0.00012210134,0.000008417626,0.9753718,0.0000013304189,0.005501163,0.00011491701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010646012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001678122,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0038298888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004562645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034690638,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3835664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3087274219","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104251","title":"Testing amino acid-codon affinity hypothesis using molecular docking","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Genetic code; Amino acid; Transfer RNA; Docking (animal); Computational biology; Reading frame; Codon usage bias; Genetics; Translation (biology); Biology; Gene; Peptide sequence; Genome; RNA; Open reading frame; Messenger RNA","score_opus":0.0684576623117963,"score_gpt":0.2481506679923875,"score_spread":0.1796930056805912,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3087274219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9926102,0.0009389294,0.004727812,0.00012354288,0.00018002595,0.00028514772,0.000016291113,0.00005565205,0.0010623842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914716,0.0000070677343,0.0074801054,0.00043161574,0.00052325195,0.000015326093,0.000007690354,0.000048087713,0.000015265801],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860257,0.00014682651,0.000284774,0.00046316462,0.00019288978,0.00030978816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924976,0.000026729329,0.00016345603,0.0003266049,0.00007433939,0.0001591325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024022862,0.00022120273,0.00023306892,0.000030283796,0.00012662758,0.000065047185,0.00027200076,0.00019372905,0.000014057907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058722513,0.00021567299,0.00011818493,0.00017336788,0.000025339954,0.000005112327,0.00012556404,0.00006812629,0.000036697395],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022967795,0.000012813162,0.00093231985,0.00007034958,0.000038459337,0.000017023347,0.000037183876,0.00008776447,0.9952806,0.000031316213,0.000052123836,0.0034170514],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018970425,0.00015531413,0.00016928618,0.000060700106,0.000026938087,0.000027754422,0.000087801025,0.00066547777,0.99455523,0.000023245786,0.0037607083,0.00027783788],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000044076227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022313359,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0037085845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001715429,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000058249334,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8794889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3087718820","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104255","title":"Stability switching and hydra effect in a predator–prey metapopulation model","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","field":"Medicine","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Board; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Predator; Metapopulation; Biological dispersal; Lernaean Hydra; Predation; Ecology; Spatial heterogeneity; Biology; Stability (learning theory); Spatial ecology; Biological system; Population; Computer science","score_opus":0.05517112569769793,"score_gpt":0.2938769360337072,"score_spread":0.23870581033600924,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3087718820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97946155,0.00014639339,0.01684741,0.0018553389,0.000030275534,0.00045322737,0.0000025084107,0.000044152093,0.001159142],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99905086,0.0000050823637,0.00031230005,0.0005487837,0.00004043287,0.000024687872,0.0000045363827,0.0000062343593,0.000007057245],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990321,0.00018421965,0.0003208782,0.00023950991,0.00006432595,0.0001589656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993816,0.00029988092,0.000044068474,0.0001061102,0.000012076384,0.00015626656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009288118,0.00009986647,0.00046442065,0.000020826581,0.000031418338,0.0000044211197,0.000033128876,0.00015001718,0.00003254612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00096887007,0.00006708767,0.000048651422,0.0000631867,0.000043249653,0.00004693738,0.00003389751,0.00016500043,0.000015725243],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002314166,0.00039572373,0.6088957,0.007110268,0.00023722704,0.000047846148,0.0041546687,0.0006475202,0.03381099,0.33999524,0.00014826718,0.0022423894],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073665334,0.00024001556,0.0045034755,0.000080116326,0.000052797695,0.000007249932,0.000025116096,0.9773218,0.00095009926,0.016000267,0.00000580485,0.000076630065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013375965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010794018,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.97667426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016099693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013061536,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27357557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092303903","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104263","title":"The evolutionary dynamics of social systems – Looking for a new dialog","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Dialog box; Dynamics (music); Evolutionary dynamics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Evolutionary biology; Cognitive science; Biology; Sociology; World Wide Web; Psychology; Population","score_opus":0.02575802626691303,"score_gpt":0.27606386206460665,"score_spread":0.2503058357976936,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092303903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30399224,0.02844395,0.17122607,0.2174268,0.026063493,0.017953768,0.0015114786,0.001863324,0.23151888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995804,0.000022721953,0.00003610767,0.000047481277,0.0021159775,0.00003329049,0.00002167607,0.000008119081,0.0019106114],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989091,0.0002627634,0.0002620014,0.00013176296,0.00024561153,0.00018873671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999331,0.00022558414,0.0001505239,0.000071839226,0.00014510135,0.000075954864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00063221477,0.00006915233,0.0001359703,0.00001556531,0.0010628165,0.00005603677,0.00022986704,0.00009135387,0.000008519817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024533336,0.000055809785,0.0000821221,0.00020194455,0.00014069316,0.00011466346,0.000021228794,0.00004966197,0.000013349219],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006726172,0.000009675225,0.00035009737,0.00004631063,0.000023186578,2.1010445e-7,0.0054641664,0.000068883644,0.0002484076,0.98365486,0.009278851,0.00078807404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011223495,0.0003307484,0.0011913083,0.00011718926,0.00008678533,0.000003364331,0.04369589,0.047382075,0.00006573371,0.013785335,0.8917368,0.0004823963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005935321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058310933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.96986955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012935727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003389754,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.81744325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3093930221","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104279","title":"D'Arcy W. Thompson's On Growth and Form: A landmark for the mathematical foundations of epigenetics","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Landmark; Relevance (law); Epigenetics; Cognitive science; Epigenesis; Computer science; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; DNA methylation; Genetics","score_opus":0.11149893130956243,"score_gpt":0.24935117183173144,"score_spread":0.13785224052216902,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3093930221","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36067063,0.0026333726,0.005787202,0.08740856,0.002967647,0.00415254,0.0011909357,0.00025679983,0.5349323],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989815,0.000011372406,0.000093591894,0.00025818739,0.0004119976,0.000018540346,0.0000021723388,0.0000047568265,0.0002179024],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999593,0.000010326823,0.00012721802,0.00009206019,0.000100860634,0.00007651965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963033,0.00016147771,0.00005754474,0.00007684377,0.000034267327,0.0000395486],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010080149,0.000054924167,0.000100879675,0.000017243774,0.00029868993,0.00005102109,0.000118139134,0.000014693068,0.000048633417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055284927,0.00003343392,0.000039627503,0.000018147208,0.00022013306,0.000049523616,0.000015083151,0.000023209775,0.0000111890595],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000150493715,0.000022613951,0.000015160629,0.00023147317,0.000011375215,1.5665853e-7,0.015225898,2.4818567e-7,0.00018877989,0.98279065,0.001150262,0.00034835676],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080694095,0.0011499696,0.00027988735,0.00018408886,0.00009015562,0.0000035661058,0.006432723,0.003535207,0.0008416405,0.073294066,0.9130886,0.00029311012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011137577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022798768,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.91193837,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004349896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000131848765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22973117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3109945601","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104302","title":"Symbiogenesis as a driving force of evolution: The legacy of Boris Kozo-Polyansky","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Complexification; Relation (database); Punctuated equilibrium; Modern evolutionary synthesis; Evolutionary developmental biology; Biology; Evolutionary biology; Computer science; Mathematics; Pure mathematics","score_opus":0.007416436284314653,"score_gpt":0.22346628655789155,"score_spread":0.2160498502735769,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3109945601","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986675,0.0029297648,0.0074218125,0.0006816212,0.00022137105,0.00025740138,0.00003742132,0.000013987007,0.0017616039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99898237,0.00006557461,0.00013654926,0.000102612255,0.00023498836,0.000008737571,0.00002323816,0.000015020915,0.00043089385],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906975,0.00006948892,0.00032461926,0.00021649463,0.00017051246,0.00014912411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992739,0.0000119338465,0.00018427706,0.0003349354,0.000121322504,0.0000736483],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001467859,0.0001147508,0.0001747289,0.000021470587,0.00005323931,0.000010392716,0.00026653634,0.000116178955,0.000013424387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000961239,0.00009013446,0.0001413825,0.0001776653,0.00008931513,0.0000032044215,0.000094784154,0.00003997788,0.000010183842],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034445326,0.000025697882,0.010746413,0.00009667931,0.000076120356,4.8847005e-7,0.00013596778,0.00012113357,0.98576,0.0013434546,0.0014767256,0.00018287404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013200664,0.001336785,0.020769201,0.0001385399,0.00015032054,0.00005529815,0.003275858,0.006000672,0.9012935,0.00010451068,0.064995274,0.0005599791],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012045425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053266445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0844665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011260305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101843216,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36755767},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3121015818","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104342","title":"The emergence of a fractal structure of formal logic via the spatiotemporal reflexive self-identification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Diagrammatic reasoning; Computer science; Spacetime; Mathematics; Temporal logic; Theoretical computer science; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Programming language","score_opus":0.008529981488747215,"score_gpt":0.25380172826043007,"score_spread":0.24527174677168284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3121015818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964833,0.0019896182,0.000757777,0.00022710238,0.00020290892,0.00010665958,0.000041735893,0.0000042288316,0.0001866232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993473,0.00016740024,0.00008053459,0.000026382695,0.00011542907,0.000003962549,0.00009724174,0.0000048731686,0.00015684625],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991752,0.00008179602,0.00031517842,0.00015528734,0.0001577887,0.00011478531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990453,0.000013387957,0.00029801912,0.00038762143,0.00023514382,0.000020506786],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017142536,0.000077317905,0.000109077526,0.000012138247,0.00011006673,0.000014198408,0.00020232396,0.00008686503,0.000017383978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055803426,0.000043173142,0.000110377136,0.00015824338,0.000072345625,0.0000072854054,0.00006302281,0.000047696678,0.0000022991424],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018045568,0.000018230767,0.0017752761,0.00003200471,0.00008543132,7.9857705e-7,0.000081345206,0.000019647034,0.99663496,0.00026211762,0.00023709415,0.0008350258],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007288362,0.00006854503,0.0034229923,0.000009514757,0.000036730937,0.000012469652,0.00064479484,0.00032616226,0.9918325,0.00020846224,0.0032973902,0.0000675593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013193415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000273028,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0048024883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004826403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006210691,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17605497},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127337869","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104368","title":"Potential role of the X circular code in the regulation of gene expression","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université de Strasbourg; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Institut Français de Bioinformatique","keywords":"Genetic code; Gene; Genetics; Biology; Transfer RNA; Codon usage bias; Open reading frame; Ribosomal RNA; Coding region; Reading frame; Plasmid; Computational biology; RNA; Start codon; Genome; Messenger RNA; Peptide sequence","score_opus":0.007953245160648404,"score_gpt":0.21006104020175487,"score_spread":0.20210779504110646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3127337869","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965913,0.0020657957,0.0006679902,0.000066825014,0.00013105504,0.00016917929,0.000016013952,0.0000013821418,0.0002904554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99958056,0.000023850653,0.00019159277,0.000018198829,0.000084654166,0.000010589843,0.000015355243,0.000005810237,0.000069402566],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992473,0.00022842913,0.00018211188,0.00012374681,0.00014895613,0.00006944495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994257,0.0000059345557,0.000114875096,0.00039221186,0.000051973453,0.000009308465],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025603455,0.000053660944,0.00008727912,0.000010862189,0.000027695161,0.000005510427,0.00017241067,0.000091633534,0.000007889912],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037214402,0.000032322,0.00007748869,0.00007268635,0.000019198806,0.0000013995004,0.000038628605,0.000023579836,6.542181e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011789856,0.000024531044,0.00070283865,0.00002512087,0.0000074238787,4.8572457e-7,0.000073070005,0.00004166345,0.9986972,0.00009232038,0.000037620004,0.00028590622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012483113,0.000020435775,0.004126898,0.000047895828,0.000006775162,0.000013167766,0.00030110998,0.000033572705,0.9929574,0.00013583695,0.002193214,0.000038823106],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019217281,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010266805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0057397904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000036530262,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003816264,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1318053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3132313371","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104395","title":"Mathematics in biological reality: The emergence of natural computation in living systems","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Living systems; Computer science; Adaptation (eye); Relation (database); Dynamical systems theory; Coding (social sciences); Theoretical computer science; Code (set theory); Artificial intelligence; Cognitive science; Mathematics; Programming language; Psychology","score_opus":0.0377012420718753,"score_gpt":0.28811178782912555,"score_spread":0.25041054575725025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3132313371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99555093,0.00049713894,0.0012355255,0.00012619051,0.00058921764,0.00015372598,0.000022538712,0.000008437229,0.001816316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996775,0.000005143457,0.000088809735,0.0000035891667,0.00013397062,0.000009941106,0.0000106252255,0.000003478709,0.00006698419],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991817,0.00011999552,0.00037099342,0.00011185076,0.00010054844,0.00011490727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958646,0.000112075286,0.0001224769,0.000113897986,0.000049012735,0.000016049953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036250218,0.00006478186,0.00017782023,0.000031296066,0.000025701316,0.000018204038,0.00007674601,0.000027666061,0.00002505988],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017938637,0.000043447177,0.000041184292,0.00024089655,0.00001904955,0.00003641898,0.000033115706,0.000078813595,0.000005487986],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000050109275,0.00042223977,0.87927926,0.00034158237,0.000047893136,0.000006014004,0.0021806422,0.003019425,0.0056605036,0.1066552,0.0014818343,0.000900372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014175003,0.00012850793,0.47383362,0.0041909595,0.000032295953,0.000025020176,0.092112616,0.41218278,0.0023191965,0.0027348043,0.010050535,0.0009721847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000875434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000059921473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40916336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015392472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003244641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17717244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3140077538","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104414","title":"A short tutorial on the Janus-faced logic of differentiation waves and differentiation trees and their evolution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Manitoba; Wayne State University","keywords":"Janus; Differentiation; Causality (physics); Reductionism; Process (computing); Perspective (graphical); Product differentiation; Cellular differentiation; Biology; Cognitive science; Computer science; Epistemology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Physics; Psychology; Philosophy; Mathematical economics","score_opus":0.016123847852652765,"score_gpt":0.22004657398561692,"score_spread":0.20392272613296414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3140077538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99652666,0.00017686143,0.001730543,0.00024102739,0.00054462004,0.00015906415,0.00008578641,0.000012902624,0.00052254833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999206,0.00000864755,0.000008600259,0.0000061989645,0.00056467,0.000011938417,0.000050975497,0.0000062954687,0.00013667958],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993116,0.000092397895,0.00019783525,0.00017286009,0.00012081251,0.00010446969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996018,0.00006689134,0.000091523085,0.00014510195,0.000060551283,0.000034137924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010628487,0.00011412132,0.00016795169,0.000032146803,0.000119738346,0.000058758567,0.0000435314,0.00004129434,0.000033676355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008886642,0.000069985384,0.000053476382,0.000072492985,0.00003133838,0.00006299783,0.000031466217,0.000055455715,0.0000018092506],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007163137,0.0003269882,0.49841636,0.0000982533,0.00028090322,3.5362916e-7,0.0010036353,0.000017604696,0.12627661,0.36752817,0.00088909385,0.0050904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082626904,0.00014115773,0.95387596,0.00015754616,0.000062443105,0.000001868737,0.0024279065,0.005198969,0.03000624,0.0048384205,0.0022016228,0.00026159416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006996577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016653497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45545962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020127189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018595283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2853921},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3144893670","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104413","title":"The role of symbiosis in the first colonization of the seafloor by macrobiota: Insights from the oldest Ediacaran biota (Newfoundland, Canada)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biota; Chemosynthesis; Biogeochemical cycle; Ecology; Paleobiology; Geology; Paleontology; Earth science; Colonization; Fossil Record; Biology; Hydrothermal vent","score_opus":0.004424652676127933,"score_gpt":0.1710033557529345,"score_spread":0.16657870307680656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3144893670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98857987,0.00475178,1.3852383e-7,0.0040608635,0.00063298753,0.00031160095,0.00025855305,0.0000028231261,0.0014014025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992557,0.0001718387,8.2477044e-7,0.00020750255,0.00010298398,0.0000046383548,0.00011576924,0.0000020084806,0.0001387455],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985945,0.00052240444,0.00026348495,0.00016970445,0.00024058772,0.00020928477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982967,0.0010902009,0.00012845533,0.00038707818,0.00007165707,0.00002595793],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045592937,0.00009212691,0.00015817765,0.000012328443,0.0004718833,0.000035690384,0.0006751,0.00011550858,0.00010765566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011862165,0.00003673362,0.000044730914,0.00039098837,0.00022203768,0.000028779185,0.000046405534,0.00017289974,0.0000074821555],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022535154,0.000013805674,0.99507946,0.00001086124,0.000033791755,0.0000018963852,0.0002444441,0.000007805729,0.0002684369,0.00008950759,0.003958191,0.00026925516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001558838,0.000031077365,0.9430219,0.000021741622,0.00001157033,0.000007475563,0.0011733763,0.0003685481,0.0010224122,0.000048208083,0.054085314,0.000052484145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5788968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.98785245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40895563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013788452,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003362082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42390734},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3155348911","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104429","title":"Editorial: Symbiogenesis and progressive evolution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Evolutionary biology; Biology; Computer science","score_opus":0.014998489736204173,"score_gpt":0.20497852142433254,"score_spread":0.18998003168812835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3155348911","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.011918568,0.015536573,3.414257e-8,0.0000749582,0.9710869,0.00019890624,0.0009131596,0.000084127205,0.00018673386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.014943631,0.00063523307,0.0000028152526,0.000003271519,0.9834666,0.00003989744,0.00046218678,0.0000016435055,0.00044469145],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983693,0.00007958998,0.0002260264,0.0004587947,0.0006018096,0.0002644962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99910456,0.00033570253,0.00018432109,0.000026495556,0.000267428,0.00008149045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021261217,0.0002486959,0.00040852546,0.000009543615,0.0002579406,0.00018506701,0.0001822526,0.0007283487,0.00002269604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022937497,0.00008979029,0.000098917386,0.000163368,0.000044548437,0.000049140446,0.00015713979,0.00018313999,0.00002357616],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014398436,0.000018098806,0.00038232264,0.00006354251,0.000042165262,0.000008647733,0.000009061127,3.0129494e-9,0.015838325,0.000009471088,0.98299414,0.0006198363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006793354,0.00012470948,0.0011694978,0.00025767647,0.000038762864,0.0000026201228,0.00013786876,5.3651365e-7,0.00010979949,0.000010540348,0.99782324,0.00025681243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054412376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011306881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015728526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056362525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028567309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5617692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171803253","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104454","title":"The drawbridge of nature: Evolutionary complexification as a generation and novel interpretation of coding systems","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Complexification; Living systems; Computer science; Coding (social sciences); Realization (probability); Interpretation (philosophy); Theoretical computer science; Cognitive science; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Mathematics; Psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.013338668112156565,"score_gpt":0.23964638761023277,"score_spread":0.2263077194980762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171803253","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99343747,0.0008602405,0.004297589,0.00019203835,0.0002465733,0.00026317063,0.000015143851,0.000009773316,0.0006779794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99965674,0.000020358893,0.00005806369,0.000011179002,0.000039901934,0.00002002986,0.000024319515,0.0000032245237,0.000166201],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894375,0.00014484838,0.0003928555,0.00019514316,0.00022651294,0.00009687885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993227,0.00012742022,0.00024439054,0.00019589032,0.000078572884,0.000030991716],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005537309,0.00006552771,0.0001649522,0.000019923245,0.00016506285,0.00003258365,0.000088105815,0.00009448087,0.000030133378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023618087,0.00004696919,0.00005260714,0.00026163057,0.00012662087,0.000094831485,0.000067334026,0.000058545018,0.000005374026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000069064314,0.0003141984,0.1570733,0.00054565683,0.00018558912,0.000004482214,0.0015230753,0.008592111,0.73221856,0.09511048,0.0015234697,0.0028400028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047542973,0.00016321911,0.3267403,0.00013229523,0.000087624576,0.00009755805,0.008112979,0.6465561,0.0105952835,0.0004345258,0.006334991,0.0002697364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008420937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016680894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7216233,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013855846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014935625,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1915348},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3187530061","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104498","title":"A ball microscope for viewing the entire surface of amphibian embryos","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Microscope; Ball (mathematics); Optical microscope; Inverted microscope; Digital microscope; Microscopy; Optics; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013427567700696206,"score_gpt":0.28522839994097265,"score_spread":0.27180083224027646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3187530061","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96090275,0.009123172,0.027975468,0.00022465124,0.00042836522,0.0008543426,0.000170079,0.000036850688,0.00028429186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97980946,0.00018858572,0.018500365,0.0001336315,0.00013092064,0.000034641344,0.0000862352,0.00002997394,0.001086213],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908715,0.00005756396,0.00026662718,0.00029792142,0.00008062609,0.00021013232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915445,0.000016864291,0.000130339,0.00048544913,0.0001786938,0.000034228397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021358341,0.00012887309,0.00017801175,0.000010790378,0.00008285864,0.000025057816,0.00023687414,0.00011797554,0.000004818812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008780241,0.0001013319,0.00012740678,0.00009566651,0.00006991124,0.000003217008,0.000110259934,0.000046514582,0.0000025060885],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019397019,0.000025170471,0.0013306146,0.00012119475,0.000026103764,0.0000010926515,0.000052677264,0.000004254748,0.9948598,0.00004631126,0.003216509,0.00029683922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017497111,0.00007517729,0.00009473066,0.00010257721,0.000011306624,0.0000135063165,0.00014876119,0.000018129158,0.8990071,0.000010373555,0.100235544,0.00010784832],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013074977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000031919823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09701903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014770343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008905817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41321948},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201933451","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104560","title":"Editorial: Waves in fertilization, cell division and embryogenesis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Reproductive Biology and Fertility","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Human fertilization; Division (mathematics); Embryogenesis; Cell division; Biology; Cell biology; Embryo; Cell; Mathematics; Anatomy; Genetics","score_opus":0.010703204878018274,"score_gpt":0.26644903337366527,"score_spread":0.255745828495647,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201933451","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.037848897,0.010067357,0.000008147838,0.00005835991,0.95099604,0.00053208845,0.00007283588,0.000049286053,0.00036698816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05357737,0.00073110126,0.00002175063,0.000008381353,0.94199735,0.000035752917,0.00072320725,0.000039092338,0.0028659988],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974368,0.00027193953,0.0005616257,0.00096081384,0.00050927536,0.00025953833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982241,0.00026475012,0.00018748097,0.00064862636,0.00055591285,0.00011915867],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00082763896,0.00031446796,0.00082907703,0.00015391939,0.000069837035,0.000034119574,0.00010379338,0.0016688353,0.000021227092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0019254652,0.00025815872,0.000100571604,0.00024015913,0.00008707536,0.00005406737,0.000108038505,0.00048557282,0.000016730746],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000559685,0.00014381258,0.008415925,0.0011464503,0.00003856061,0.000016982896,0.00008795392,1.4934912e-7,0.008280633,9.71084e-7,0.98114157,0.00016731673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009824714,0.00016212359,0.020668762,0.0005382927,0.00007688568,0.0000022942957,0.000087643355,0.0000056571257,0.002926562,0.000008493855,0.97430104,0.00023976786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001833359,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000043902764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015728476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013562953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040822636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3208094770","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104568","title":"A word of appreciation to our publisher Anthony Newman","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Medical Research and Practices","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Word (group theory); Linguistics; Computer science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.10187198307480216,"score_gpt":0.5235000863657812,"score_spread":0.421628103290979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3208094770","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002852363,0.0011768936,0.000059609516,0.0029300856,0.9738868,0.0012755939,0.0002973638,0.00005491228,0.020033505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0023374888,0.00033933556,0.00016746808,0.00011987585,0.9459272,0.00028825458,0.0007183057,0.000051322,0.050050747],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99334234,0.002233171,0.0009969764,0.0004954838,0.0022474083,0.0006846293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927944,0.0037558703,0.00081939466,0.00067683856,0.001319476,0.0006340156],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045920336,0.00022619092,0.00075112144,0.00026082539,0.00023375853,0.00007652512,0.0005411803,0.0016156017,0.0007425457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0496064,0.0001826132,0.00012057463,0.0005873712,0.000012812761,0.00022569508,0.0002923264,0.0020758414,0.00072253565],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001106332,0.000046253776,0.00019331287,0.0026447657,0.00007203727,0.000011025712,0.0006476194,6.866128e-8,0.00009627543,0.000019574029,0.9918262,0.004332262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041387588,0.00007902925,0.00007057674,0.0025139402,0.000024972715,1.361877e-7,0.0030059682,0.0000036754575,0.000009553403,0.000015215089,0.99370337,0.0001597018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029965693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015292342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045014367,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024378969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003712407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210097896","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104567","title":"Human-driven spreading and evolution of plants during the Holocene epoch: The pioneering works of Valery Taliev","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Botany and Plant Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Holocene; Flora (microbiology); Epoch (astronomy); Steppe; Ecology; Plant evolution; Natural (archaeology); Geography; Series (stratigraphy); Physical geography; Paleontology; Biology; Astronomy; Physics; Stars","score_opus":0.018902342353789927,"score_gpt":0.2006608521341846,"score_spread":0.18175850978039468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210097896","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965597,0.002779642,8.047795e-7,0.00018839288,0.00015536505,0.00008836082,0.000035208806,0.000010705786,0.0001818372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964327,0.00014260419,0.0000029795988,0.000007728222,0.0001078716,0.000004188183,0.0000034300356,4.1891636e-7,0.00008753601],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994501,0.000076226424,0.00017052161,0.000110540735,0.000080298465,0.00011234096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996243,0.00017899286,0.00010889943,0.00004579341,0.000027796901,0.000014216136],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017482718,0.000063303305,0.00014269899,0.0000043856103,0.00027244072,0.000012848154,0.00009801853,0.000060350605,0.000010110289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020572277,0.000019171115,0.000037521408,0.00009709526,0.00007344102,0.000033771536,0.00007616887,0.000061584,9.833896e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009063075,0.000019108737,0.34027046,0.00004883358,0.00005962259,0.000005735658,0.00019465356,0.000022291712,0.6586813,0.00030680327,0.000054629323,0.0003275371],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059311045,0.000026053483,0.9862014,0.00016062688,0.000011590676,0.000043150874,0.0020452999,0.000036928846,0.011237399,0.000032865868,0.00009449671,0.000050890758],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012994591,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036097312,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.64744383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010011083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025449647,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20954213},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214097397","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104571","title":"Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire as a predecessor of the epigenetic concept of evolution","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Evolution and Science Education","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca","keywords":"Evolutionary developmental biology; Biology; Evolutionary biology; SAINT; Phenomenon; Context (archaeology); Homology (biology); Modern evolutionary synthesis; Epistemology; Philosophy; History; Genetics; Gene; Paleontology; Art history","score_opus":0.020022920198896187,"score_gpt":0.22350499136693322,"score_spread":0.20348207116803704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3214097397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9809995,0.0016076793,0.000036170248,0.000853065,0.0024159444,0.0001910519,0.000040137304,0.000017115284,0.01383929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894766,0.0000039436786,0.000010528786,0.00004137971,0.00023076321,0.000007897538,0.000005234413,0.000004599632,0.010219014],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999132,0.00009915074,0.0002771966,0.00013117706,0.00024093955,0.000119533164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918604,0.000029460627,0.00020041506,0.00025369134,0.0002992597,0.000031150776],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017957426,0.00006308278,0.00012746263,0.000034432007,0.00015587441,0.000030695424,0.00014473696,0.000032976284,0.0005617823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001036593,0.000043765314,0.0000823219,0.0001000794,0.00025190692,0.000073500545,0.000033953398,0.000038441583,0.000025691374],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010569441,0.00024494328,0.0075192517,0.00022907951,0.000039442006,8.112603e-7,0.051426824,0.000051075025,0.024942633,0.9046445,0.010131834,0.00075905485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013305398,0.00046596696,0.111381866,0.0014137333,0.0001422566,0.000051285162,0.17154337,0.0013412745,0.18518694,0.0077464664,0.51871496,0.0006813124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001352151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001504537,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89689803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007069339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020550894,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6151122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200044365","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104585","title":"AI in predicting COPD in the Canadian population","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation","field":"Nursing","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Queen's University","funders":"Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health Research; Queen's University; International Business Machines Corporation","keywords":"COPD; Medicine; Population; Medical record; Health care; Primary care; Disease; Psychological intervention; Intensive care medicine; Physical therapy; Family medicine; Internal medicine; Nursing","score_opus":0.01582851956437412,"score_gpt":0.2932613628588016,"score_spread":0.27743284329442747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200044365","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9873962,0.00025649136,7.889885e-7,0.009231884,0.0015627189,0.00021479158,0.0000041205044,0.000013811189,0.0013191837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984299,9.967864e-7,0.000016742648,0.001301474,0.00014728415,0.000017365783,0.00006157878,0.0000070486726,0.000017592756],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991913,0.00017582363,0.00019621164,0.00012954662,0.00014050523,0.00016663726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997388,0.00004823205,0.00003840384,0.00011941464,0.000023182898,0.000031943684],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034337494,0.000053149506,0.00007996515,0.000105425665,0.000092118964,0.00012946143,0.0000554989,0.00005730455,0.000009739097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006735323,0.00004599912,0.000017992248,0.00032193222,0.0000055123305,0.000110916924,0.000003094416,0.00008984583,0.000011749096],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000566554,0.000031170333,0.98991066,0.000027675373,0.0000014539469,0.000019749363,0.002546667,0.000044752294,0.00040050482,0.00030397635,0.0037445885,0.0029631064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031560223,0.000020001004,0.98973805,0.00029017846,0.000004802763,0.000011740703,0.0015957002,0.00094724144,0.0006039389,0.00014996107,0.0062519386,0.00007083915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5326467,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9088496,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37620285,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040741632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003617282,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47046542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200076258","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104583","title":"Effective decoders for DNA codes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"DNA and Biological Computing","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Decoding methods; Edit distance; Metric (unit); Computer science; Algorithm; Code (set theory); Measure (data warehouse); Set (abstract data type); Extension (predicate logic); List decoding; Error detection and correction; Theoretical computer science; Concatenated error correction code; Data mining; Block code","score_opus":0.011626360981535836,"score_gpt":0.26120613069475807,"score_spread":0.24957976971322224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200076258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99030834,0.0010991222,0.0066539925,0.00006628152,0.00039633454,0.00028245352,0.000029848046,0.000020000558,0.0011435994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979681,0.0000135317705,0.00078402855,0.00019923224,0.0004523944,0.000038902777,0.00012744813,0.000008597371,0.00040781635],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933594,0.000060047012,0.00011719163,0.00027297577,0.000042901705,0.00017092814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996388,0.000035703364,0.00004074501,0.00014787121,0.000092335074,0.00004457354],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015225404,0.000089277266,0.00012136021,0.00000876895,0.000069360205,0.000023578767,0.000079648875,0.00011738391,0.000004638717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001578826,0.00007037078,0.00010423155,0.00004636561,0.000021631316,8.038358e-7,0.00005939543,0.00002523052,0.000009511648],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030025807,0.000025756486,0.0023875535,0.00004292597,0.00004631728,0.0000028445356,0.000008388036,0.0000046306563,0.9911796,0.00012738278,0.002028852,0.004115715],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042094078,0.0002757627,0.0019762293,0.000024211837,0.000011259418,0.000020747902,0.00009878445,0.00017556042,0.84822065,0.000046295165,0.1485673,0.00016225444],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000264082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016216782,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14653845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000077569475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026696998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2869637},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205799035","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104607","title":"Energy infrastructure of evolution for system with infinite number of links with environment","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"","keywords":"Energy exchange; Entropy (arrow of time); Dimension (graph theory); Statistical physics; Energy (signal processing); Conservation of energy; Computer science; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Physics; Statistics; Pure mathematics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.0032063910536342783,"score_gpt":0.19052230553698662,"score_spread":0.18731591448335236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205799035","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07619846,0.000020969412,0.9217073,0.000003865754,0.000069263784,0.00022193618,0.00097235944,0.000007566626,0.0007983329],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953401,2.9930746e-7,0.004348222,0.000001940399,0.000043073553,0.000109815795,0.000067110064,0.000018125414,0.00007132324],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993274,0.000028552471,0.00021221003,0.0001402274,0.00017410722,0.00011747197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947417,0.00003540307,0.00025651077,0.00016406398,0.000037263053,0.000032619806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000055929875,0.000100166006,0.00021419622,0.00002217536,0.00006739208,0.000003306077,0.000082481194,0.000027030632,0.000058653426],"category_scores_gemma":[4.672598e-7,0.00007568854,0.000036133686,0.00007247795,0.00002228434,0.000020205824,0.000034350232,0.00007463858,3.5801148e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015064163,0.000047289817,0.0041192877,0.00013289602,0.00009658916,6.1194675e-7,0.00006180227,0.008340679,0.0023371023,0.9835133,0.000009729752,0.001190101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010359672,0.0057718633,0.0033792246,0.00090053893,0.0005399692,0.00009035011,0.019789476,0.8670978,0.010216248,0.054073233,0.025878403,0.0019032445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009694627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000022046336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92944,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067523535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034454253,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3086489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4214763609","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104653","title":"Natural computation and its limits: Efim Liberman at the dawn of a new science","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computation; Computer science; Algorithm","score_opus":0.06568474049463265,"score_gpt":0.33084547758795374,"score_spread":0.2651607370933211,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214763609","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99722004,0.00074757985,0.0000030629758,0.0001994811,0.00055880175,0.0003165779,0.000027999702,0.000016918646,0.0009095396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840736,0.000023475011,0.000008503756,0.00008865873,0.000043698714,0.000012198295,0.0000015657891,0.0000068732434,0.0014076701],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99853724,0.0001272025,0.00014309518,0.0002655811,0.0007225141,0.00020434844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999523,0.00013316904,0.00007329171,0.00014798573,0.000040411127,0.00008218566],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040331777,0.00006573056,0.00008610661,0.00009455751,0.0005732618,0.000058932204,0.0004137313,0.000012652273,0.00003530033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014645352,0.00004713539,0.000023416305,0.00065020507,0.00017463592,0.00007608678,0.0004236663,0.000112907284,0.000013671426],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018785135,0.000012492672,0.00024472282,0.000016773545,0.0000010615695,0.0000014489667,0.00068159273,0.000059897393,0.99720085,0.00023542777,0.00078712765,0.00073982216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023503501,0.000112327,0.0016232658,0.000008907647,0.0000023827927,0.000050036317,0.0001392217,0.013569421,0.97503513,0.000024109606,0.0091237845,0.00007639827],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051781844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011464826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022165738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008292196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013903611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.44091246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224284848","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104685","title":"Rational decision making in biological systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Semiosis; Adaptation (eye); Function (biology); Process (computing); Key (lock); Natural (archaeology); Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Neuroscience; Biology; Semiotics","score_opus":0.02431404949477192,"score_gpt":0.2728414388638017,"score_spread":0.24852738936902977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224284848","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885488,0.00023083232,0.002954788,0.000056464654,0.0016481217,0.00023562525,0.0001565198,0.000029909354,0.006138913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911493,3.829483e-7,0.00008321236,0.000016976288,0.00048113105,0.000085771266,0.000032691783,0.0000058038054,0.00017912239],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999142,0.000088459914,0.00025359978,0.00017101341,0.00019229938,0.00015262414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971235,0.000055172102,0.00007627501,0.000111426074,0.00001622814,0.000028564687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031393376,0.000073655705,0.00013028283,0.00007661238,0.00016973115,0.000036283327,0.000119349745,0.000017755989,0.00069459097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000032366415,0.000064049294,0.000049052367,0.00017355129,0.000009361917,0.0000449104,0.00007617341,0.00009970804,0.000044837205],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042412095,0.00017748863,0.81002295,0.000010646105,0.000020228985,0.0000064024184,0.000121584795,0.0051108366,0.0005019068,0.17053698,0.011389766,0.0020587805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001339485,0.0001748411,0.060769036,0.000121894416,0.000005653798,0.000018482326,0.003821374,0.02386732,0.000032080046,0.0020384626,0.907319,0.00049234834],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015476394,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019645977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8959293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007915308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037530033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7605284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280557546","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104698","title":"Editorial: 2020 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (IEEE CIBCB 2020)","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Computational intelligence; Computer science; Computational Science and Engineering; Computational model; Bioinformatics; Computational biology; Data science; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Machine learning","score_opus":0.018590167811782025,"score_gpt":0.305286550832042,"score_spread":0.28669638302025996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280557546","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.001484134,0.0004144101,0.0039357347,0.00016893148,0.99020624,0.0008069179,0.0022986114,0.000030071666,0.0006549703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.031848695,0.002171145,0.0019398353,0.00013701657,0.9538691,0.00011717839,0.009481479,0.00006391106,0.00037163295],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99581695,0.00025031672,0.0012134814,0.0007040728,0.0014076729,0.00060749403],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99778134,0.00045877323,0.00047428216,0.00042259248,0.0005696973,0.00029332557],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011956892,0.0005098611,0.0006281697,0.00025387155,0.000183603,0.00015694261,0.0007813438,0.001331655,0.000067447145],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00079720817,0.0004819537,0.00013777862,0.00028083674,0.00041438144,0.000011228582,0.00037353084,0.0009852808,0.00007691718],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001468461,0.00009803841,0.000050868835,0.00044207548,0.00008688121,0.0000056315466,0.0001477555,0.0016329756,0.00031778298,0.00006309607,0.99523896,0.0017690909],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008857733,0.0014248923,0.000022948721,0.00016556276,0.000020038206,0.000012010896,0.00033362256,0.024506034,0.0001815322,0.00052637054,0.97125405,0.0006671478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000102419246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006992188,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03633711,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014078656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012132812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280580807","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104694","title":"Cellular sentience as the primary source of biological order and evolution","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sentience; Artificial life; Biology; Order (exchange); Cognitive science; Slime mold; Computer science; Evolutionary biology; Ecology; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Cell biology; Business","score_opus":0.014744251364452258,"score_gpt":0.17740612923489082,"score_spread":0.16266187787043856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280580807","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966365,0.0019904624,0.0000025933964,0.00072436273,0.00010512156,0.00017632314,0.000026169026,0.00003115301,0.00030732492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932,0.000080850084,0.0000047436442,0.0002301654,0.00009157281,0.000025109592,0.00003231862,2.9725157e-7,0.00021499621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909306,0.00021568178,0.00015559696,0.0002111508,0.0001406896,0.00018381985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962693,0.0001815257,0.00009923952,0.00003736133,0.000030040677,0.000024873494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028143974,0.00008920543,0.0001708239,0.0000057281136,0.0005004869,0.000008702827,0.00022985856,0.00004995555,0.000057202036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035967336,0.000023767838,0.000047292677,0.0002696921,0.00018438994,0.000016999358,0.00028904402,0.00010510741,0.0000056099266],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042612963,0.000038014772,0.016359713,0.0000038238504,0.000012294852,0.0000015549425,0.00002885958,0.0000017123397,0.9809057,0.0004537181,0.00027940335,0.0018725517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030205946,0.0038880317,0.82178986,0.00001700746,0.000031491083,0.00014194885,0.0036699295,0.00015186246,0.01237235,0.001428695,0.15571892,0.00048786984],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027994852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000140827415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9685334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018304405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005546539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3849391},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281989749","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104719","title":"Editorial: Fundamental principles of biological computation: From molecular computing to evolutionary complexity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Evolutionary computation; Computation; Theoretical computer science; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm","score_opus":0.028871590751732602,"score_gpt":0.2876514512727938,"score_spread":0.25877986052106117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281989749","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08806692,0.0014175491,0.0007495856,0.00003868058,0.9060832,0.000382575,0.0029549408,0.000035503486,0.00027104435],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.24409105,0.000034403703,0.0009152618,0.000030178417,0.7413108,0.000025070776,0.013487972,0.000031884072,0.00007339351],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969744,0.0002854149,0.00071097154,0.0008340226,0.00089407025,0.00030112802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984698,0.00012030284,0.00049517624,0.00044676813,0.0003215158,0.00014638178],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034894914,0.0003603675,0.0006397077,0.00010507131,0.00017015061,0.000040300543,0.00056672294,0.0006990255,0.000074325595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033465313,0.000346226,0.0003459856,0.00023282116,0.0001481249,0.0000041154876,0.0007764373,0.0003163136,0.000021464035],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013406796,0.000111728936,0.000491693,0.00006052766,0.000284786,0.000007863638,0.00003230982,0.0006451519,0.1107712,0.000025586316,0.8873615,0.00007357426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003317531,0.0004555702,0.00016756561,0.00007015834,0.000057557427,0.0000016454,0.00017692558,0.00014771527,0.003255327,0.00003302884,0.99489367,0.00040909284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013621523,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041163858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1647724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001449694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00028449422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99989897},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283158739","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104729","title":"Phase offset determines alpha modulation of gamma phase coherence and hence signal transmission","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Offset (computer science); Phase coherence; Phase (matter); Sine; Physics; Transmission (telecommunications); Sine wave; Modulation (music); Coherence time; Phase modulation; Optics; Algorithm; Statistical physics; Computer science; Mathematics; Acoustics; Quantum mechanics; Telecommunications; Geometry; Condensed matter physics","score_opus":0.03869253608972956,"score_gpt":0.2870552066449572,"score_spread":0.24836267055522765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283158739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996172,0.0000718502,0.002862975,0.00007043781,0.00025670626,0.00035737385,0.00011017139,0.000033225326,0.000065245185],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99966055,0.000012022183,0.00004164058,0.00006313184,0.000037144422,0.000027187372,0.000014768449,0.000008868701,0.00013466428],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989315,0.000114816954,0.0002487745,0.00029389444,0.00028523515,0.00012573476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957556,0.0000673045,0.00014110854,0.00012530516,0.000023825407,0.000066888504],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014346698,0.00009748838,0.00014822253,0.00007837568,0.00018447604,0.000022232249,0.000092944596,0.000025908745,0.000056787245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002029235,0.000086759224,0.000042288022,0.0002195867,0.000044699536,0.000119714976,0.000036573838,0.00007251601,0.0000014740448],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001823293,0.00028521314,0.00016729897,0.00006671917,0.0000015017803,0.000013923755,0.000063035855,0.00005862641,0.94793075,0.00009486928,0.000052753927,0.051082995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031016653,0.0021512122,0.0002799289,0.000053991036,0.0000147321825,0.00018821421,0.000036757454,0.5607579,0.4297057,0.0001383743,0.0033999388,0.00017161555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019991758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.3174823e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5606992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002226251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025465644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35379383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4294878008","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104774","title":"The reversibility of cellular determination: An evolutive pattern of epigenetic plasticity","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Pluripotent Stem Cells Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Transdifferentiation; Epigenetics; Reprogramming; Biology; Epigenesis; Plasticity; Neuroscience; Feature (linguistics); Evolutionary biology; Computer science; Cell; Genetics; DNA methylation; Gene expression; Physics","score_opus":0.014657851607681583,"score_gpt":0.2548279566507088,"score_spread":0.24017010504302722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4294878008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964154,0.00061433244,0.002098776,0.000021839845,0.00017510851,0.0003269019,0.00014402068,0.000003511451,0.00020011066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99950916,0.000020852232,0.000026691749,0.0000049957894,0.000055134908,0.0000278,0.00003639443,0.000009602146,0.00030937995],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849874,0.0004199874,0.00029121962,0.00025141067,0.00034713076,0.00019151646],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915284,0.00004672505,0.00018109973,0.0004246355,0.00014507251,0.000049620172],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006731428,0.000083417064,0.00013272303,0.000030879375,0.00018547203,0.00000599519,0.00040312493,0.00004889467,0.000022477087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006564352,0.000068809924,0.00007682504,0.00010581591,0.00011291307,0.0000022130996,0.0003203657,0.000072554474,0.000001728848],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070586655,0.0000934539,0.006850923,0.00008917631,0.00002656762,0.0000022010045,0.00009095909,0.000057756697,0.99145454,0.000006258145,0.0001495094,0.0011080516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032015765,0.0008507665,0.007982644,0.000011235458,0.000013452749,0.000008338037,0.00070684345,0.0016414924,0.98312783,0.000012583512,0.005213028,0.00011162586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014146157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008007852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008326724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000036972797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000086475266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28059873},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295166759","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104779","title":"Fundamentals of evolutionary transformations in biological systems","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computational biology; Evolutionary biology; Biology","score_opus":0.009994564497973648,"score_gpt":0.2547675097835722,"score_spread":0.24477294528559856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295166759","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.03235531,0.019469531,0.00033787198,0.000035273435,0.936874,0.0013547988,0.0063982015,0.000037953556,0.0031370698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7015034,0.0034377363,0.00011208813,0.00001754297,0.27240843,0.00042401179,0.019234573,0.00007012753,0.0027920615],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99791884,0.00025906818,0.00073372596,0.00040104717,0.00043199467,0.00025531245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991024,0.000047703492,0.0002811755,0.0003930737,0.00011274873,0.00006290582],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003980175,0.00023970754,0.0004100911,0.00016029149,0.000071536786,0.000015160546,0.00036243358,0.0007750281,0.00006074757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011617226,0.00023413613,0.00017283024,0.00018531078,0.00008159175,0.0000026825714,0.0001254829,0.00026989824,0.000009789093],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006664081,0.0001398129,0.0008454999,0.0003009319,0.00007140527,0.0000024247586,0.000044643846,0.0008920473,0.0076317354,0.000119132324,0.98985374,0.00003196221],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005242981,0.00033992593,0.00025548722,0.0000708127,0.000013701741,0.000008323585,0.0003710154,0.00040650737,0.00007626408,0.000006648049,0.99766827,0.00025872164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002089316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007892512,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6691481,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013703815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003357469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95477945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295241395","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104771","title":"Genome-scale prediction of bacterial promoters","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Promoter; Biology; Genome; Genetics; Computational biology; Gene; RNA polymerase; DNA; Consensus sequence; Transcription (linguistics); DNA sequencing; RNA; Gene expression; Base sequence","score_opus":0.00943816777362904,"score_gpt":0.1927187262435288,"score_spread":0.18328055846989974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295241395","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99740773,0.00063363026,0.000032562166,0.000021708043,0.0007285753,0.00020584247,0.000404078,0.0000029683072,0.00056289515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992009,0.000030608127,0.00006686695,0.000011713729,0.00029465105,0.000048224465,0.00013295354,0.000010955739,0.00020316968],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941206,0.0000457384,0.0001691293,0.00017601803,0.000090292386,0.00010674244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996738,0.0000017723387,0.000080556936,0.00019051893,0.000027760509,0.00002562666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013701564,0.00007017955,0.00010148988,0.00002283479,0.00009052521,0.0000047554936,0.00011457558,0.000031395954,0.00003199451],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000042518946,0.000070849106,0.00005709305,0.000045423938,0.000023547052,2.2236408e-7,0.00015385359,0.000026762098,0.0000013617515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003894451,0.000031103635,0.003686726,0.000018305891,0.000042739266,2.730171e-7,0.00014002084,0.000039007362,0.995535,0.0000051193256,0.00033842685,0.0001243338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010210612,0.0015587468,0.060552225,0.0000063264565,0.000036709407,0.000040440438,0.0009622257,0.000043005413,0.31215817,0.000020956912,0.6233554,0.00024475303],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017531907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000060574894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68337685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012826436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002880108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28891426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4304128068","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104790","title":"Adversarial deep evolutionary learning for drug design","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Brock University","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Autoencoder; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Deep learning; Machine learning; Representation (politics); Chemical space; Space (punctuation); Process (computing); Adversarial system; Evolutionary algorithm; Set (abstract data type); Latent variable; Drug discovery","score_opus":0.027971013179992475,"score_gpt":0.26992398661946915,"score_spread":0.24195297343947667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4304128068","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0031711876,0.00035969858,0.9924573,0.00040689134,0.0025649434,0.0005253722,0.0000067440446,0.00019446929,0.0003134296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.82491523,8.2257816e-7,0.17382266,0.00008242798,0.0003094186,0.00026203608,0.000016123897,0.000013594979,0.0005776679],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979428,0.0007989713,0.00023073575,0.00037246785,0.00042255298,0.00023244991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99869305,0.00081678526,0.00012333124,0.0002392659,0.000070042355,0.000057500998],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014008643,0.00010666786,0.00014076268,0.00012384976,0.0005876543,0.00007771672,0.0007055008,0.000020042758,0.000020003828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001290236,0.00011724382,0.00010253922,0.0003663871,0.000013907598,0.00026085923,0.00042134835,0.00013205748,0.000019305297],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047339494,0.0000519647,0.0001461025,0.000024991858,0.000027853886,0.0000067924334,0.00091386156,0.9463426,0.0003847943,0.038801055,0.0070378194,0.0062148105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040713817,0.000096726864,0.00026189772,0.0000050598583,0.000004585103,0.000032236305,0.00017522651,0.9273585,0.00012244,0.0037476216,0.06763329,0.00015526127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030440646,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.866496e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8217441,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002328864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020594263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47810644},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308891830","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2022.104803","title":"Getting the news in milliseconds: The role of early novelty detection in active electrosensory exploration","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Fish biology, ecology, and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Agricultural Adaptation Council; American College of Physicians; Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación","keywords":"Electric fish; Novelty; Electroreception; Amplitude; Spatiotemporal pattern; Neuroscience; Stimulus (psychology); Adaptation (eye); Rhythm; Computer science; Physics; Sensory system; Biology; Psychology; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Acoustics; Optics","score_opus":0.016055851281716216,"score_gpt":0.22251139710106976,"score_spread":0.20645554581935355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308891830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99855065,0.000058238056,0.000003049557,0.00021872378,0.00019251174,0.00042668454,0.000010116889,0.000008187044,0.00053183275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99963933,0.000004836929,0.0000047184644,0.00007720571,0.0000337007,0.0001873321,0.0000028506038,0.0000055815176,0.00004442459],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989828,0.0003289588,0.00022356791,0.00017815828,0.000113024595,0.00017349422],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996295,0.00006829865,0.00013582224,0.00015114284,0.0000037608822,0.000011479605],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051320455,0.000068867936,0.000100317775,0.000037726502,0.0001518815,0.000007843404,0.00018742305,0.000050681378,0.00009169579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002435504,0.000045311404,0.0000308998,0.0002854656,0.000074288284,0.000104932114,0.000091406866,0.00021014741,0.000015536169],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003559638,0.00005347395,0.20343935,0.0000016084446,0.000002367475,9.348161e-7,0.0017842585,0.00013239174,0.7881318,0.0000066367065,0.00002449577,0.00638711],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020727534,0.00019135376,0.9343769,0.0000026783146,0.000003925657,0.0000063716025,0.009664223,0.00048561938,0.052605767,0.00008658077,0.0022953295,0.000074001684],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035410472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.024996031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.735526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025700993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009140785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9927952},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4316126949","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104837","title":"Toward understanding the emergence of life: A dual function of the system of nucleotides in the metabolically closed autopoietic organization","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Umeå Universitet","keywords":"Nucleotide; Biology; Function (biology); Ribozyme; Biochemistry; Chemistry; RNA; Cell biology; Gene","score_opus":0.0342617134610347,"score_gpt":0.22929041670512904,"score_spread":0.19502870324409433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4316126949","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948612,0.000049551974,0.0025182087,0.0005316811,0.0006943033,0.00035363605,0.000056336237,0.000020392072,0.0009146947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999788,0.000002163198,0.000004861348,0.00000818267,0.00014638969,0.000006717186,0.000005564444,0.000008403314,0.000029703635],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894446,0.00017230392,0.0004159012,0.00009560746,0.0002643551,0.00010737314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992852,0.00007058813,0.00030261304,0.00024208108,0.0000836162,0.000015897518],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054420735,0.00007535329,0.00018143913,0.000048797283,0.000088431414,0.000012195263,0.00020717173,0.000027558106,0.00003627825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024839443,0.000037896476,0.00007950354,0.0010202117,0.00005705762,0.00004250229,0.000040310802,0.000059133312,0.000005498655],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028057473,0.000101642065,0.20931274,0.0005622098,0.00017968511,2.088467e-7,0.005349332,0.0011736258,0.017088233,0.76227134,0.0038285947,0.000104326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019613819,0.00022875001,0.6665042,0.0010141946,0.00040210612,0.0000030210824,0.2965005,0.0154499775,0.010573525,0.003258874,0.0036569918,0.00044649182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035460092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000103826915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.75901246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017342103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007225631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15453735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366831064","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104905","title":"Metabolic Control Analysis of triacylglycerol accumulation in oilseed rape","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Saskatchewan Research Council (Canada)","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Flux (metallurgy); Productivity; Control (management); Environmental science; Assimilation (phonology); Biochemical engineering; Agronomy; Biology; Biotechnology; Agricultural engineering; Biological system; Chemistry; Computer science; Economics; Engineering","score_opus":0.024544367704676964,"score_gpt":0.2886524928558197,"score_spread":0.26410812515114274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366831064","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981806,0.0008925564,0.00013119432,0.000038949107,0.00025554598,0.00024019937,0.000076885284,0.000024769628,0.00015926808],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991197,0.00011779762,0.000031378357,0.000037008256,0.00024799933,0.00002978571,0.0002010176,0.000013964341,0.00020132295],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986922,0.00015873805,0.00045971485,0.00029305698,0.00017463227,0.00022163408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992933,0.000037998278,0.00017376724,0.00037529523,0.00006634851,0.000053272528],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00065322913,0.00013570153,0.00048037575,0.0005356393,0.00002836878,0.000014212702,0.00017375175,0.00016051102,0.000013613416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014821744,0.000114993294,0.00023384338,0.0014428764,0.000024158286,0.000004917367,0.00003645142,0.000034499153,0.00002200384],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017248184,0.000049457474,0.053007063,0.000029679619,0.0007642317,0.0000011243031,0.00007427565,0.0004043351,0.9426571,0.00005089936,0.00012755234,0.002661789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022488234,0.000049263082,0.39660162,0.000016318003,0.00075069844,7.294511e-7,0.00014477505,0.0044287634,0.55454075,0.000002813167,0.04096006,0.00025535538],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010738637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015055937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38811633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000051024335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042380052,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46892905},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378979656","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104935","title":"All lockdowns are not equal: Reducing epidemic impact through evolutionary computation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Brock University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Selection (genetic algorithm); Population; Computation; Mathematics; Mathematical optimization; Epidemic model; Statistics; Computer science; Biology; Algorithm; Artificial intelligence; Medicine","score_opus":0.45708924302309634,"score_gpt":0.48796246946856636,"score_spread":0.030873226445470026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378979656","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9560541,0.00121326,0.025522722,0.010142374,0.0015968308,0.0015223846,0.0002693219,0.0026681798,0.0010108069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99626553,0.000083334,0.0022710487,0.00052127556,0.0004949429,0.00006601097,0.00004893069,0.00003871313,0.00021018778],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99724406,0.00046802097,0.00083911885,0.00051435555,0.00035912349,0.00057530595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937745,0.005135444,0.00050290214,0.00036338353,0.0001227026,0.00010111621],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017163829,0.00028721298,0.0007218646,0.00010069313,0.00023304104,0.000024802152,0.00022529966,0.00019513923,0.000029078528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006547074,0.00021351049,0.00027134726,0.00055230054,0.00006920517,0.00013055826,0.00021799671,0.00020153081,0.00062561495],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009229345,0.00019764484,0.04621997,0.0015056812,0.0005956917,0.00007714718,0.0025035224,0.0120908115,0.0036999355,0.011322733,0.92091346,0.000781088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024848029,0.0006786075,0.36999753,0.002873057,0.00037774534,0.00012293913,0.004156832,0.19818968,0.0006384474,0.36112064,0.05676534,0.0025943734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014394434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003773494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86414814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005494642,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048189933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.87067056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382680786","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104964","title":"Toward an ethics of autopoietic technology: Stress, care, and intelligence","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Templeton World Charity Foundation","keywords":"Autopoiesis; Agency (philosophy); Epistemology; Ontology; Transformational leadership; Autonomy; Cognitive science; Sociology; Transhumanism; Acknowledgement; Psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Social psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.10048094929334268,"score_gpt":0.33206424986138794,"score_spread":0.23158330056804527,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382680786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9699406,0.0008258958,0.00024946843,0.0013114183,0.0011656319,0.0005629624,0.00018929398,0.0011794124,0.02457532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994594,0.00033573838,0.000059137215,0.00004421917,0.000037101043,0.000012543373,0.000005357843,0.000010055435,0.000036433543],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991156,0.000075725125,0.00017555905,0.00027652743,0.00018810076,0.00016848878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951696,0.00010055441,0.00006710961,0.00020601964,0.00006363538,0.000045689587],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016763825,0.00008278181,0.00012272285,0.0001805453,0.0000886302,0.000022928045,0.00017671146,0.00016884906,0.000003568558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003869918,0.00007464043,0.00001977525,0.0005465023,0.00016961042,0.00007844806,0.0000734564,0.00018874927,0.000053501324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027357624,0.00008947878,0.0029644757,0.0022550256,0.000009546809,0.0000876152,0.014443526,0.000035880355,0.27171203,0.64942396,0.000108804015,0.058842298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011454093,0.00031218395,0.00014917536,0.0003264717,0.000012298705,0.00003278722,0.011707286,0.0011486383,0.9366271,0.04841583,0.00095819164,0.00019548011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034182107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017419832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6649151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011697618,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000036908048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30437484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385260680","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104983","title":"Reflexive structure of the conscious subject and the origin of language codes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Action Observation and Synchronization","field":"Psychology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Reflexivity; Semiotics; Subject (documents); Perception; Action (physics); Computer science; Cognitive science; Linguistics; Communication; Epistemology; Psychology; Sociology; Philosophy; Social science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.028478342328885048,"score_gpt":0.32659914961000014,"score_spread":0.2981208072811151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385260680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964735,0.00020274181,0.000030681073,0.00039151666,0.0007019749,0.00023298454,0.000066041444,0.000028241519,0.0018723335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979985,0.000006933386,0.000004433327,0.00006345927,0.000059533093,0.0000034794543,0.000009250336,0.000005517597,0.0018489303],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994042,0.00019467529,0.00016856493,0.000077771,0.0000962241,0.000058585767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994492,0.00012189048,0.00016443791,0.00020443375,0.000050384344,0.000009661859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019367778,0.00004576443,0.00011580607,0.000031053743,0.00004772449,0.000005938155,0.00008928436,0.000054782584,0.00011420777],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055819455,0.000023085018,0.00002841182,0.00028315966,0.00012847793,0.000015482436,0.000017713599,0.000044585697,0.0000105784275],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046395735,0.000056257704,0.40242875,0.0004706267,0.0004732104,0.000005395093,0.09236766,0.00006864068,0.15475143,0.3016718,0.043677624,0.0035646672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007618216,0.00015706885,0.83224857,0.0002283907,0.000136123,0.00007652173,0.0661203,0.001742387,0.043015037,0.0012755701,0.047016356,0.00036546236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038284747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016893548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42981985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008651095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016416858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12504949},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385605881","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104989","title":"Examining multi-objective deep reinforcement learning frameworks for molecular design","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Reinforcement learning; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Reinforcement; Engineering","score_opus":0.07380128584647452,"score_gpt":0.3250434305026681,"score_spread":0.25124214465619354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385605881","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00747289,0.0001058436,0.99014884,0.00008654222,0.00082337525,0.0007389795,6.6191757e-7,0.0004588944,0.00016398534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.74031836,0.0000026928901,0.25912252,0.00007898017,0.000077391815,0.00018553209,0.000008533742,0.000019745092,0.000186249],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981226,0.0003634923,0.00031206282,0.00048176319,0.00034490586,0.00037517463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99811137,0.0011708935,0.00015301978,0.00033413782,0.00014583138,0.00008476876],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015692954,0.00016952096,0.00020755688,0.00022227982,0.00019362094,0.00020708932,0.0005330005,0.00014400974,0.000002010488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006057301,0.00017103604,0.000086025684,0.0007608441,0.000017811244,0.0002572761,0.00025009213,0.00022185601,0.00007633391],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000789338,0.000010512372,0.00008202832,0.00003959447,0.000041041785,0.0000139891945,0.001304371,0.9780695,0.0026191836,0.008094515,0.00010001662,0.009617398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003589538,0.00014095976,0.00057368045,0.00007757652,0.000005988137,0.000005638454,0.00028580346,0.99243677,0.004416814,0.0009228255,0.000564011,0.00021095977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014155262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.437447e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7328455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000110147266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008670398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69746476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386052424","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105008","title":"Autopoiesis: Foundations of life, cognition, and emergence of self/other","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Autopoiesis; Cognition; Cognitive science; Enactivism; Ecology; Psychology; Epistemology; Biology; Philosophy; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.01371340616406532,"score_gpt":0.2668136180521869,"score_spread":0.2531002118881216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386052424","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0030954028,0.00031725157,0.00027371268,0.000045032888,0.98482895,0.00031943218,0.0057066195,0.00008389896,0.0053296746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3059333,0.00008248258,0.00011854154,0.0000023032037,0.69125515,0.000059701164,0.0005565127,0.000059098944,0.0019329254],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880344,0.00004045009,0.0005068239,0.0002051541,0.00030701593,0.00013710411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987548,0.00018187088,0.0004668825,0.0002054142,0.00032248392,0.000068531335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019274067,0.000156024,0.0003825991,0.00010109531,0.00006335219,0.0000185029,0.00012316326,0.00015751037,0.00029342293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005331229,0.0001489634,0.00010313608,0.00018587656,0.00005033931,0.00005747335,0.00004035219,0.00010917583,0.000044705903],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000041426974,0.000050862665,0.0013705916,0.00031409008,0.00023990737,5.6801618e-8,0.00010707724,0.0000011375205,0.0000700141,0.0019982005,0.99580604,0.000037883925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002776099,0.00003669255,0.00014264004,0.00027499083,0.00008292179,2.4583505e-8,0.00038123046,0.000042652202,0.000094372546,0.00018344492,0.9983255,0.0001578858],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010269944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000022153952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3028379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000075905336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027620094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.60745513},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386171634","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105006","title":"Freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease: Classification using computational intelligence","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation; Gait; Parkinson's disease; Postural instability; Cognition; Disease; Task (project management); Decision tree; Psychology; Machine learning; Computer science; Medicine; Neuroscience; Pathology","score_opus":0.08035790433923651,"score_gpt":0.32486049838172243,"score_spread":0.24450259404248592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386171634","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99650776,0.0004399954,0.0021247624,0.00009885518,0.00018864704,0.0003641302,0.000062639694,0.000064974396,0.00014822453],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99912643,0.00003044769,0.0005638805,0.000018093735,0.00005422429,0.000024415247,0.00011204617,0.000014053983,0.00005638028],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903154,0.00003850968,0.0002899212,0.00022078332,0.00026705198,0.00015216647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951094,0.00003768299,0.00010663972,0.00016452972,0.0000600004,0.000120221834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016161882,0.00009429763,0.00018966547,0.00023329354,0.00003379848,0.000009389504,0.00005295468,0.000040621602,0.000017634518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003966881,0.000087030654,0.0000613217,0.00046474644,0.000021280815,0.000046512054,0.000020623189,0.00004003481,0.000058512636],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027111007,0.0005401185,0.96419615,0.0009077428,0.00013445634,0.0002922021,0.00036069824,0.0041843974,0.017773317,0.0036164655,0.00021687942,0.007506461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005301098,0.000040741863,0.75195426,0.00061181356,0.00005751189,0.000007710806,0.0003140346,0.24222478,0.0012111715,0.0005591695,0.002384315,0.000104369625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000099911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000814589,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23804039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011964058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000116571246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3549007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386278166","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105013","title":"How biological codes break causal chains to enable autonomy for organisms","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Computer science; Cybernetics; Theoretical computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.0368452767394175,"score_gpt":0.2684117657561608,"score_spread":0.23156648901674332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386278166","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95237565,0.000045885405,0.028549856,0.007917741,0.002410633,0.0015563362,0.0018573104,0.00060929736,0.0046772812],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859682,6.441509e-7,0.00035085058,0.00005953576,0.001676459,0.00015517225,0.00014848981,0.00001934075,0.011621328],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990628,0.000023070921,0.00016462315,0.00027384836,0.00009323321,0.00038245053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949116,0.000048129907,0.000057829966,0.00018938915,0.00006125816,0.0001522132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019392943,0.00014352724,0.00022680897,0.00007299506,0.0001753586,0.0001254396,0.0001494225,0.00005673184,0.000078139696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009454199,0.00011379552,0.00009546394,0.0002572214,0.00001966106,0.00006488695,0.00005496842,0.000045825225,0.00030229683],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051890554,0.00023759894,0.07626286,0.00013816702,0.0003014943,0.0000057759166,0.0012483266,0.000101365054,0.07718544,0.4248574,0.41606438,0.0035453034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039233174,0.00014894745,0.0015170892,0.000022636748,0.000008418248,8.922918e-7,0.0016358823,0.00068368384,0.008083647,0.00043273158,0.9868286,0.00024510274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002187087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000070826063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57076424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048872138,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008664535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46404466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387219717","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105044","title":"Macroevolution, differentiation trees, and the growth of coding systems","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Multicellular organism; Macroevolution; Biology; Morphogenesis; Cellular differentiation; Evolutionary biology; Gene; Phylogenetics; Genetics","score_opus":0.016350012839550693,"score_gpt":0.18428708352841644,"score_spread":0.16793707068886574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387219717","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99801385,0.0007851752,0.0000011576677,0.00060903694,0.0001700342,0.00019068713,0.000045202105,0.000065912085,0.00011892648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910724,0.00050494383,4.740703e-7,0.000015281132,0.0001531118,0.000017923447,0.000065446446,2.8324396e-7,0.00013528203],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933815,0.00012523904,0.00017004715,0.00013249094,0.0000830034,0.0001510833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955094,0.00026644225,0.00009641954,0.0000232813,0.00004403923,0.0000188648],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024564206,0.0000745459,0.0001979149,0.000009818081,0.00018824344,0.000016198186,0.00009884911,0.00005916603,0.000003312096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047658832,0.000018023391,0.000045499153,0.0002783343,0.00012554994,0.000021371343,0.00005241414,0.00003902602,0.000009359319],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000104084254,0.000015173695,0.036809355,0.00003233927,0.000057900947,0.000001063436,0.00005847877,6.242488e-7,0.942481,0.016434027,0.0028674693,0.0011385293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003614537,0.00016777898,0.9944779,0.00004061152,0.000021383059,0.00000796776,0.00041034655,0.0011174757,0.0016414894,0.00062305137,0.0010104784,0.00012004837],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004327564,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000115773815,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95766854,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000058164487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.985856e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14478354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388915162","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105089","title":"Biological thermodynamics: Ervin Bauer and the unification of life sciences and physics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Living systems; Statistical physics; Thermodynamic equilibrium; Equilibrium thermodynamics; Attractor; Physics; Mathematics; Computer science; Thermodynamics; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.01986174592511619,"score_gpt":0.23889334161075548,"score_spread":0.2190315956856393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388915162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968862,0.0023815194,0.00018678521,0.0002112645,0.000037815847,0.00010790699,0.000005666476,0.000008208588,0.00017462358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99886966,0.00086980994,0.00003872289,0.0000277229,0.00010913116,0.000008047435,0.000016429078,0.000004257796,0.00005621683],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994183,0.000110783345,0.00012722664,0.00018337308,0.000070235066,0.000090086265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967265,0.00002727145,0.00007877579,0.00016500709,0.00002910442,0.000027161768],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005068471,0.00006385301,0.000117732576,0.000015477994,0.0000805016,0.000011286296,0.000104386374,0.00006246428,9.082852e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040164974,0.00003733914,0.000036925365,0.00019827728,0.00036690923,0.0000014213265,0.00008162961,0.000018667832,0.0000018161937],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085651576,0.000027634585,0.089228176,0.00008846994,0.0002349292,3.7400932e-7,0.0002189113,0.00067207176,0.8926574,0.010605412,0.0008876578,0.0052933437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051554474,0.00091705966,0.5317384,0.00014762142,0.0003051644,0.00003082923,0.005670713,0.35041776,0.080533996,0.005122316,0.01865285,0.0013078166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020620435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000095354435,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.81212336,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000018179007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019643276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1522646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391233758","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105129","title":"2022 IEEE conference on computational intelligence in bioinformatics and computational biology (IEEE CIBCB, 2022)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University; Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computational intelligence; Computational biology; Biology; Bioinformatics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.012247990912356472,"score_gpt":0.2944983689390053,"score_spread":0.2822503780266488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391233758","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00926323,0.0021518504,0.038861413,0.0002563899,0.9391395,0.0015134079,0.0036176268,0.00014541636,0.005051191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.37686834,0.0022919294,0.017821413,0.0006725601,0.56536347,0.0003093973,0.032219086,0.000358207,0.0040955986],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9972932,0.00015687384,0.0010185541,0.0005852588,0.0005547346,0.00039141567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985061,0.00030697128,0.000437916,0.00037285034,0.00025385787,0.00012230336],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070185657,0.00051009934,0.0005300723,0.00035823297,0.00009422129,0.00016609975,0.00047197175,0.0011651841,0.000026329764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033570555,0.00048198827,0.000112905065,0.00023587099,0.00020254124,0.000010137733,0.00019660908,0.00097121985,0.00017328748],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009535462,0.000072459516,0.00017660196,0.0015531835,0.0001821069,0.000011030496,0.0003899212,0.01769396,0.00041479422,0.0016611941,0.9755663,0.0021830807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007344433,0.0010722668,0.000046205216,0.0009375737,0.00005131492,0.000049748436,0.000255547,0.43652555,0.00027881825,0.0014295502,0.5574537,0.0011652817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000051237752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006543691,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41883162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091479254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047945417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392857346","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105190","title":"Unraveling power-law scaling through exponential cell division dynamics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund","keywords":"Allometry; Scaling; Exponent; Power law; Exponential function; Exponential growth; Mathematics; Statistical physics; Logarithm; Physics; Mathematical analysis; Biology; Statistics; Ecology; Geometry","score_opus":0.013102464293398794,"score_gpt":0.22590175516015415,"score_spread":0.21279929086675536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392857346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9609705,0.0002612837,0.0053598084,0.00013489564,0.00069019565,0.00014083333,0.000043387983,0.00017079311,0.032228284],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998815,0.000006645617,0.0005371758,0.000091023525,0.000095486495,0.0000069402818,0.000037407597,0.0000100703455,0.00040022974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989899,0.000027253458,0.00020221747,0.000333405,0.00022759924,0.00021967216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997129,0.000055849156,0.000027737351,0.00013195112,0.0000042063916,0.00006738202],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009567377,0.000117869866,0.000108782646,0.000008421065,0.00013038355,0.000080215905,0.00016268548,0.00008685003,0.000373559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000083877385,0.000082071165,0.0000881643,0.00018357298,0.00008604688,0.00014434027,0.00016644069,0.0001035883,0.0012786379],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034804295,0.000056332145,0.000080321704,0.000034543034,0.0000052766013,0.000008165878,0.0001431436,0.00018678447,0.9937361,0.0044746203,0.00054066844,0.00073054706],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062534836,0.00040094904,0.0032347045,0.0007405232,0.00007159951,0.000026102134,0.0012859029,0.17890811,0.6507205,0.02233553,0.13995029,0.0017004638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038443637,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019979921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34301564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011800059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003850417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393307053","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105197","title":"The sensual cell: Feeling and affect in unicellular species","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Feeling; Sentience; Affect (linguistics); Consciousness; Valence (chemistry); Psychology; Experiential learning; Cognitive science; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Prokaryote; Proposition; Element (criminal law); Social psychology; Aesthetics; Epistemology; Communication; Neuroscience; Biology; Philosophy; Paleontology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.015935125632031085,"score_gpt":0.19501709160668237,"score_spread":0.17908196597465129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393307053","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829634,0.0150606325,8.1889965e-8,0.00086877064,0.00021108496,0.00011183341,0.000012756647,0.00005803301,0.0007134022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972924,0.0016345002,0.0000015775522,0.000025085285,0.00026476852,0.0000064426995,0.000009483824,3.8209112e-7,0.0007653409],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932253,0.00008537104,0.00011786709,0.00019582594,0.000060795766,0.00021761176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940675,0.00052169897,0.000017485432,0.000021728098,0.000008493441,0.000023853658],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002515494,0.00009221447,0.00012097932,0.000006390872,0.00019539274,0.00008381282,0.00009313842,0.0000684376,0.0000062052627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018768525,0.000022023743,0.000037640973,0.00017887956,0.00007515638,0.000021851813,0.00005475124,0.00010166726,0.000025129566],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014427748,0.000007459999,0.0028736196,0.000014227114,0.000008904359,0.000022920634,0.000026138287,1.9954994e-7,0.99112743,0.00052625913,0.0005460667,0.004832337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017226256,0.0007620913,0.4648311,0.00020634584,0.000022475562,0.000056221987,0.0021879189,0.0009368587,0.02696533,0.0006511005,0.50266707,0.00054123555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008269905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00050759676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9641621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010893471,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024178553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15028228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394910302","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105201","title":"The emergence of theoretical biology: Two fundamental works of Ervin Bauer (1890–1938) in English translation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Magyar Tudományos Akadémia","keywords":"Translation (biology); Biology; Philosophy; Epistemology; Genetics","score_opus":0.013587694142384433,"score_gpt":0.2806557753655768,"score_spread":0.26706808122319237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394910302","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98263144,0.002474501,0.0017686094,0.00024524017,0.0018388842,0.0002456018,0.0001580095,0.000025680984,0.010612045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99950933,0.000015094799,0.000049002578,0.000002138997,0.00035432976,0.0000111289955,0.000012530879,0.0000068733348,0.00003955078],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999256,0.00006901485,0.00032812092,0.00012682907,0.000086650674,0.00013339841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996659,0.00009563389,0.000052930354,0.00012771564,0.000031914606,0.000025885716],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032553487,0.0000759523,0.00013521955,0.000042948246,0.00003205252,0.000020513968,0.000109652676,0.00003539638,0.00030422275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003607211,0.000050993593,0.00008572049,0.00018669262,0.000121539466,0.000058494144,0.000015702195,0.00008717872,0.0000072015923],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002456443,0.00006539337,0.08352193,0.000063561914,0.000063281084,2.2455397e-7,0.0010351624,0.000026274196,0.0042031202,0.89673924,0.00071234675,0.013544916],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0075037014,0.0013127517,0.035504013,0.0064736013,0.00035580967,0.0000058406463,0.053279992,0.110964134,0.05625515,0.11284518,0.6130215,0.0024783413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001790629,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018636742,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.78389406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009221883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003264548,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33310258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399258835","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105245","title":"Aggregate Boid behavior to aid in artificial autopoietic organization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Autopoiesis; Aggregate (composite); Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Biology; Nanotechnology","score_opus":0.013678517298240274,"score_gpt":0.23208907580544524,"score_spread":0.21841055850720498,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399258835","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97855586,0.00073117623,0.016954979,0.00008300423,0.002494111,0.000326962,0.000009774087,0.00052670273,0.00031741633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99938273,0.000016299464,0.00012057855,0.00001202959,0.00018759213,0.000026309772,0.000008209909,0.000038340047,0.00020788118],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993296,0.0000118462685,0.00022234525,0.00016252429,0.00010715726,0.00016648661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997646,0.00000759397,0.0000068276345,0.00014420733,0.000020630529,0.00005610531],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000996683,0.000098473894,0.00010531959,0.00013632436,0.000019487194,0.00010633798,0.00009243797,0.00006518109,0.00009288606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014321901,0.00009436174,0.00002018116,0.00052280567,0.000005004933,0.000060024227,0.000015114618,0.000075835735,0.00086398696],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009902467,0.00014837467,0.012887772,0.0019417255,0.00007655152,0.00081451,0.0072709736,0.083648585,0.76651615,0.012746114,0.009074993,0.10486435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016902667,0.00014108837,0.009108776,0.0016344449,0.000059965994,0.00013446681,0.0004380904,0.2074415,0.7000904,0.00018512136,0.07928056,0.0013165451],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041563726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010287523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1237929,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008543247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013155252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991393},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399489854","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105247","title":"Thermodynamic model for memory","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Biology, University of Dayton; Memorial University of Newfoundland; McGill University","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.021681781368673474,"score_gpt":0.2454014862057184,"score_spread":0.22371970483704492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399489854","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.482217,0.004456466,0.505538,0.000025594709,0.0022771857,0.00036201856,0.000029112744,0.0017309359,0.0033636875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99845576,0.0000102706235,0.000414756,0.000010420162,0.00024083341,0.000023506063,0.0000035040139,0.000033788445,0.00080717244],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99960685,0.0000035279945,0.000102206206,0.00011041624,0.000040810562,0.00013618119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998306,0.00003749225,0.0000050975036,0.00009365388,0.000007007307,0.00002613496],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000636885,0.00008012657,0.00008138096,0.000033442127,0.000030663763,0.000024202844,0.00006136454,0.000035235367,0.0000020197683],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033377223,0.00006977999,0.000051337494,0.0000574097,0.0000044268904,0.00006592928,0.000007722567,0.000054016426,0.0000252144],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000052866126,0.0000036486958,0.0000011683741,0.0014610831,0.000039674418,0.000009608351,0.00040420267,0.49371323,0.4787629,0.002546601,0.0017267563,0.02132586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000047586662,0.0000065796585,0.0000011004043,0.00008841835,0.000004966256,0.000007880768,0.00001652604,0.9862708,0.011042653,0.00036481352,0.0020566087,0.00009206487],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":3.667174e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000012315455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51623875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031519143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060740877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28455457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399710527","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105258","title":"Biological thermodynamics: Bridging the gap between physics and life","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Mitochondrial Function and Pathology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Bridging (networking); Statistical physics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Computer science","score_opus":0.023350032383289,"score_gpt":0.26425836809914705,"score_spread":0.24090833571585804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399710527","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.014949186,0.0070323716,0.00150992,0.00022954376,0.97319865,0.0005168989,0.0011210868,0.000072697934,0.0013696523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.059550352,0.00061289454,0.000021905775,0.00008481786,0.9364392,0.000044113724,0.0016026447,0.000057642483,0.0015864137],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998356,0.0002276789,0.00030646258,0.0006453,0.00019983576,0.00026472067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908584,0.00012900024,0.00014197385,0.000466248,0.00007570433,0.00010121638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038426,0.00031857874,0.00037002863,0.00002891743,0.000118197786,0.00010852108,0.0002863836,0.0011983162,0.000008470941],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003515129,0.00020014966,0.00016348642,0.00007532466,0.00013558946,0.0000015443695,0.00024779548,0.00048347615,0.00008199077],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029963609,0.000007306883,0.00012114342,0.000115390816,0.00015745519,0.0000046608925,0.000039477374,9.2678016e-7,0.021051832,0.0000986101,0.9776574,0.00071584503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018412442,0.00018420245,0.000018414996,0.000066490786,0.00007069472,0.0000064398314,0.00004014044,0.00003574844,0.00045252198,0.00007679898,0.9985936,0.0002708185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003844338,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016561444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04460117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016312379,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015571783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.92425126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399999494","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105259","title":"Quantum Brain Dynamics and Virtual Reality","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Japan Science and Technology Agency; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","keywords":"Qualia; Computer science; Holography; Cognitive science; Neocortex; Quantum; Consciousness; Artificial intelligence; Theoretical computer science; Neuroscience; Psychology; Physics","score_opus":0.018149409493072536,"score_gpt":0.25701909749020024,"score_spread":0.2388696879971277,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399999494","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3147398,0.003539714,0.6586282,0.014432587,0.0060120514,0.00029052174,0.000011752071,0.0010375445,0.0013078351],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987547,0.000016944647,0.00023425149,0.00011108268,0.00032727854,0.0000021760297,0.0000020913203,0.000007627725,0.0005438922],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990323,0.00007676996,0.000179368,0.00034892483,0.0001556384,0.00020700389],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994357,0.00015719484,0.000027784026,0.00027953665,0.000018083138,0.00008166045],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041569993,0.00009906728,0.00012069143,0.000051854888,0.00009832612,0.0004691602,0.00033298825,0.00005575292,9.3790277e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014295061,0.000074386306,0.000041624997,0.00028409914,0.000024160678,0.00018474055,0.0002767453,0.00011596931,0.000018434122],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022048134,0.000014375419,0.00028138334,0.00019894436,0.000026826461,0.00014629612,0.00030007752,0.0003092167,0.0008103723,0.9123407,0.016760016,0.0688096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004391668,0.000051764102,0.00029084284,0.00013386348,0.0000014019895,0.0000761803,0.000023882993,0.98773724,0.000033505916,0.00070836203,0.010791875,0.00010715586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009215732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004460938,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.987428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003363166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026689508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45241228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400850038","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105272","title":"The Molecular Basis of Differentiation Wave Activity in Embryogenesis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; PROTO Manufacturing (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Basis (linear algebra); Embryogenesis; Biology; Computational biology; Cell biology; Mathematics; Embryo","score_opus":0.010112442031767623,"score_gpt":0.2255142438808943,"score_spread":0.2154018018491267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400850038","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908508,0.004378568,0.0036712813,0.00014672251,0.000524621,0.00018749169,0.000016276012,0.000012872278,0.0002113398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991619,0.00027084377,0.000053537588,0.000015126575,0.00008869045,0.00001815124,0.000016781705,0.000021349839,0.0003535974],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912095,0.00010209212,0.00020056394,0.00025789635,0.0001460331,0.00017249085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995157,0.00001853908,0.000054099186,0.00033690513,0.00004131073,0.000033405453],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026013955,0.00011932986,0.0001259116,0.00004947456,0.000045106277,0.00004659906,0.00013561104,0.00011917589,0.000003879766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000315679,0.00009100634,0.00009797547,0.00011285376,0.00004127589,0.0000026270875,0.000064229236,0.00005506756,0.0000057102166],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011521523,0.000026505626,0.0017139686,0.00010782048,0.00005282025,0.000003259595,0.0001019861,0.00004016476,0.9944048,0.00024497113,0.00012732594,0.0031648846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012612286,0.00006813809,0.011282039,0.000039690258,0.000021963402,0.000004528873,0.000065290405,0.0018847616,0.98333436,0.00004437089,0.0030058674,0.00012289234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010623685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019183215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011070437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019665522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048200942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3711131},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401285541","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105281","title":"Robustness and evolvability: Revisited, redefined and applied","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure; Concordia University","funders":"Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Evolvability; Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Theoretical computer science; Fitness landscape; Systems biology; Synthetic biology; Artificial intelligence; Computational biology; Biology; Genetics","score_opus":0.0071371355057214605,"score_gpt":0.2154015793917759,"score_spread":0.20826444388605445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401285541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97059196,0.02745492,0.00077547,0.000109928056,0.00010876624,0.00017923066,0.0000066266703,0.000037119764,0.0007360035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985482,0.0002878936,0.00029273255,0.00002438743,0.00032482162,0.000017064272,0.000043522625,0.000020043832,0.00044134381],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910855,0.000038381626,0.00017173156,0.0004507912,0.00008379018,0.00014674649],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955827,0.000009531163,0.000027683096,0.00030155483,0.000025625386,0.000077336874],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026974495,0.00013251166,0.0001732262,0.000047425678,0.000052288866,0.000079456455,0.000060352617,0.00012947572,0.0000067324427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013211072,0.00011516756,0.00004708404,0.000140466,0.000056528348,0.0000017883721,0.00008591902,0.000042111966,0.0000036744948],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089965135,0.000029706382,0.008418211,0.0013410295,0.00054664945,0.000011628743,0.00009333621,0.0005003524,0.9632636,0.0011647785,0.01145871,0.013082075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002707948,0.0009615769,0.019837026,0.001073993,0.0013825266,0.0008168816,0.0011574487,0.07616263,0.19708197,0.00038903017,0.6950026,0.0034263462],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000052557607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009934962,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7661816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009802233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022624568,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4696397},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402943316","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105348","title":"William Bateson, black slavery, eugenics and speciation: The relative roles of politics and science","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Race, Genetics, and Society","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Royal Society","keywords":"Eugenics; Genetic algorithm; Politics; Sociology; Epistemology; Evolutionary biology; Philosophy; Biology; Genetics; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.007697810254141648,"score_gpt":0.23918511514433208,"score_spread":0.23148730489019043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402943316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.982788,0.014755196,0.00022974724,0.000242372,0.000287763,0.00014920117,0.000030628024,0.0000078081475,0.0015092592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99631625,0.0022101924,0.00012264661,0.000044079887,0.0003221845,0.0000023256803,0.00000613474,0.000009400901,0.0009667736],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992621,0.000032700897,0.00015921696,0.00025747536,0.00014199398,0.00014650657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956715,0.000026142983,0.00004974846,0.00020934528,0.00009422256,0.000053373748],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037029936,0.000089893045,0.000095636344,0.000022803823,0.00013292469,0.00007068572,0.00011051535,0.00008877774,0.0000012299743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006232969,0.000064242464,0.00004159125,0.00011320458,0.0006312777,0.0000063584457,0.00009472509,0.000052575768,0.000002498912],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020834916,0.00005333241,0.037896987,0.00052216195,0.00033761683,0.0000045486436,0.0132875815,0.000031257943,0.8831608,0.05284328,0.009272108,0.0025694699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006500408,0.0006643029,0.03774828,0.0002936557,0.00015667328,0.00007911302,0.0065862266,0.004287654,0.43388712,0.0031219032,0.51187927,0.0006457737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010023005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024402192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50260717,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013636902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010118126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26197317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402945110","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105346","title":"Reflexive neural circuits and the origin of language and music codes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Reflexivity; Computer science; Cognitive science; Linguistics; Communication; Psychology; Sociology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.06223104284787919,"score_gpt":0.3171843547200936,"score_spread":0.2549533118722144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402945110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972853,0.00042393702,0.000011205119,0.0002259508,0.0006814312,0.00019837206,0.000019792948,0.000052316675,0.0011017009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990989,0.00007042648,0.000001464204,0.00031100892,0.000112155554,0.000008146062,3.293861e-7,0.0000061869378,0.00039138005],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992608,0.00010114536,0.00012098189,0.0002567665,0.00014648975,0.00011384426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996452,0.00015257299,0.000031920776,0.00013032567,0.0000071784193,0.000032853015],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023500161,0.00007079434,0.00011101162,0.000052890675,0.00007649002,0.00009868867,0.00009348904,0.000024565772,0.00000826497],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085593696,0.000041318835,0.000023491815,0.00020269053,0.0003286017,0.00013318784,0.00004188575,0.00006564328,0.000008560356],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000063811945,0.000003885177,0.000039044447,0.00008157018,8.0011534e-7,0.000016010836,0.00288641,2.8313784e-7,0.98648655,0.0060724374,0.00018994095,0.004216696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004861736,0.00095173705,0.019282226,0.0014978804,0.00019717794,0.002922065,0.0117958905,0.04162286,0.85713285,0.0020726826,0.056311045,0.0013518456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000086039356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001584044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12935369,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000067897013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014674095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16849333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403936361","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105359","title":"Human-driven evolution of cultivated plants and the origin of early civilizations: The concept of Neolithic revolution in the works of Nikolai Vavilov","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Soil and Environmental Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Ancient history; Biology; Geography; History; Philosophy","score_opus":0.023458581967071426,"score_gpt":0.2315821388668583,"score_spread":0.20812355689978687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403936361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909998,0.00826098,0.0000023317089,0.00022283665,0.00006000337,0.0002639101,0.000038994393,0.0000052979008,0.00014580008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996829,0.00022840542,0.0000012160393,0.000004813264,0.000036484606,0.0000123622885,0.000006737994,4.8371726e-7,0.000026614212],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992513,0.0001543576,0.00027356678,0.00009114334,0.0001587376,0.00007091244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99958074,0.00021297699,0.00013058145,0.000050135026,0.000018711196,0.0000068568],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003407006,0.00006081171,0.00015504117,0.0000090131025,0.00007277884,0.000008173049,0.000142601,0.000047869013,0.000005964275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020503056,0.000015206781,0.00004625069,0.00026982586,0.00036463825,0.000047947713,0.000038225186,0.00005664223,6.2538993e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017883186,0.0002355596,0.710892,0.00033478223,0.00019318929,0.0000011406102,0.021417018,0.0001646143,0.23629759,0.02304596,0.0007749421,0.006464315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021081475,0.00013594214,0.98597354,0.0005688654,0.000019133595,0.0000022514434,0.010905908,0.0002504528,0.0011567416,0.00047136316,0.00025748237,0.00004749946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0048481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00062070845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2750815,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017353774,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030951037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7328909},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404447898","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105374","title":"Sensing, feeling and sentience in unicellular organisms and living cells","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Sentience; Feeling; Biology; Communication; Zoology; Ecology; Psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Social psychology","score_opus":0.027345164577299477,"score_gpt":0.2730569580484093,"score_spread":0.24571179347110983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404447898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969183,0.001740385,0.0000795882,0.00003298352,0.00055513653,0.00016939107,0.0000057763596,0.000051744682,0.00044669217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989302,0.0004624686,0.000078137324,0.000023052415,0.000063249114,0.000001349504,2.0487315e-7,0.000017452698,0.00042388515],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988453,0.00011258293,0.00015646056,0.0004105257,0.00022010588,0.00025505782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949235,0.00025096614,0.000016748238,0.00013204766,0.000012595851,0.00009527424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037453038,0.000098551995,0.000110627654,0.00015284357,0.000080655846,0.00030627273,0.00009563175,0.00005647336,0.000013540637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000109565735,0.00008879312,0.000014475977,0.00035253394,0.000080161706,0.0000859035,0.00014204839,0.00013437997,0.000033633605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000124873,0.0000055133523,0.0008635841,0.00013419097,0.0000010265987,0.000064664186,0.00084677036,0.0000027467509,0.99711215,0.000082742554,0.000026986003,0.0008583455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005864892,0.000024048508,0.00031308932,0.00033964738,0.0000024927635,0.00006374618,0.0002614144,0.031479288,0.9638079,0.000026763231,0.003493184,0.00012978546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010499489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024372834,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03330429,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031041192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003616994,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36208785},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405862004","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2024.105387","title":"Biological mechanisms contradict AI consciousness: The spaces between the notes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Consciousness; Cognitive science; Epistemology; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Philosophy; Psychology","score_opus":0.06304332552756377,"score_gpt":0.28949655331851787,"score_spread":0.22645322779095411,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405862004","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72396666,0.0089831315,0.011536637,0.12761487,0.016874438,0.0050861794,0.0013472217,0.00390672,0.10068412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99778056,0.00007071008,0.0000065267955,0.0013588744,0.00061498844,0.00005041414,0.000004022409,0.000013215221,0.00010070494],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986181,0.000314263,0.00020379398,0.00035227402,0.00023780143,0.00027377007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99807996,0.0015587828,0.000046706387,0.00024258677,0.00002195452,0.0000499936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051971566,0.0001473765,0.00015940936,0.000039357114,0.00038457668,0.00040483323,0.00036632325,0.00009753802,0.000029431389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032846528,0.00006190357,0.00009667483,0.0002420084,0.0002404673,0.000087854656,0.000055238943,0.00023154114,0.0004486233],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011105541,0.000016791788,0.000294349,0.000049017573,0.000026668547,0.00004792412,0.00043476457,0.0000012315138,0.12331663,0.8694981,0.0016924064,0.004611049],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004661661,0.0003892614,0.00056403584,0.00041858337,0.00013105746,0.0003081248,0.0016679607,0.0021791526,0.46825916,0.43213698,0.09285774,0.00062177505],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056732988,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009662565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4373611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001897042,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003504335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57662946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407272483","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105413","title":"Thermodynamic for biological development: A hypothesis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Biology, University of Dayton; Memorial University of Newfoundland; McGill University","keywords":"Biology; Computer science; Computational biology","score_opus":0.0211472298885206,"score_gpt":0.2634618432402525,"score_spread":0.2423146133517319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407272483","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11597051,0.000048261336,0.8736089,0.00004128428,0.00027653613,0.00040130725,0.00012354658,0.00004078175,0.009488878],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98848206,6.956459e-7,0.010486158,0.00003277519,0.000058248334,0.00015438747,0.000025626345,0.000009907501,0.00075012323],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933445,0.000017759628,0.0001995118,0.00020226465,0.000044612814,0.00020142345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995801,0.00016519325,0.00004931999,0.00013195458,0.00003820797,0.000035256635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009133229,0.000115053546,0.00017464488,0.000036030604,0.000118964104,0.00002247743,0.0001315454,0.000042055864,0.00004048392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015000667,0.00008922208,0.000062829364,0.00008832439,0.0000153973,0.000017518352,0.0000292664,0.000041542007,0.000018346187],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018553683,0.000049480404,0.00041580552,0.000024055931,0.00006900996,2.1201487e-7,0.000025090054,0.0000025554075,0.005129224,0.891259,0.000043734493,0.10296326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017663785,0.00011380578,0.0033121496,0.00022336483,0.000049861632,6.983083e-7,0.0005672811,0.08268725,0.007028112,0.8101777,0.09328584,0.0007876026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000067358123,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000018426431,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87251157,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028685232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004291556,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36383706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407397580","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105424","title":"Ervin Bauer and the foundations of theoretical biology","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Biology","score_opus":0.004720518934077,"score_gpt":0.2699258840757806,"score_spread":0.2652053651417036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407397580","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00037195042,0.0005446339,0.0013394769,0.00069957547,0.9393417,0.00040520204,0.0021406827,0.000019570038,0.05513716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.39391834,0.000026693278,0.000033260745,0.000008145195,0.60329896,0.000042060114,0.00035736864,0.000010699921,0.0023044895],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911034,0.00014300548,0.00031024546,0.00018490767,0.00012358346,0.00012791507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986863,0.00072295347,0.00016793479,0.00026751458,0.00012495903,0.00003033098],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036541073,0.00013679522,0.0003644952,0.000050195256,0.00009432887,0.00003566216,0.00018712606,0.00019225916,0.00024059418],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061688785,0.00008244297,0.00011980498,0.00007982118,0.00042601253,0.0000177081,0.000086906046,0.00020750915,0.00001123152],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010135177,0.000009557978,0.00018672312,0.000033548196,0.00006378843,1.7274994e-8,0.00001727224,7.965291e-8,0.0000026374598,0.5146085,0.4849334,0.00013435696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006350613,0.000017096945,0.000009050605,0.00008693981,0.00006389513,4.860927e-8,0.00007030129,0.0000614807,0.00000992684,0.011729716,0.98723376,0.00008274795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053349097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004979627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5028788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012450306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019769026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33619267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407778147","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105415","title":"An algorithm for the transformation of the Petri net models of biological signaling networks into influence graphs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Petri net; Transformation (genetics); Computer science; Stochastic Petri net; Algorithm; Theoretical computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.011015649460473516,"score_gpt":0.24457986872057794,"score_spread":0.23356421926010443,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407778147","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.72857314,0.0026610172,0.26817897,0.00004067664,0.00012321224,0.0003818467,0.000014781108,0.000005009585,0.00002134617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910367,0.00013595194,0.000565933,0.000042738608,0.000065089844,0.000036443344,0.000032025146,0.0000057326506,0.000012427565],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.999133,0.00011483472,0.00035563615,0.00017175866,0.00009378752,0.00013098255],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992205,0.00003658648,0.00016638912,0.00039532664,0.00015922358,0.00002199543],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004514875,0.00010371362,0.00017546646,0.000037547565,0.000105213214,0.000010945911,0.0003695486,0.00015653331,5.464239e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013739658,0.0000588032,0.00020372488,0.00030381684,0.00010099098,0.000005264941,0.000033310902,0.000043012045,5.4517333e-8],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000054113225,0.000053001277,0.002499022,0.00009397231,0.0003306128,4.8424244e-8,0.00016685143,0.4616738,0.5153155,0.0015391639,0.00012407864,0.01814988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033918032,0.00016159793,0.0013148864,0.00006576016,0.00011442003,0.0000012727876,0.00031433124,0.75425774,0.24172078,0.00057396747,0.0010190732,0.0001169981],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006710908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000030160172,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29258394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007721966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004166883,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2397925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408252251","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105451","title":"Physical limits of natural computation as the biological constraints of morphogenesis, evolution, and consciousness: On the 100th anniversary of Efim Liberman (1925–2011)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Consciousness; Natural (archaeology); Computation; Morphogenesis; Cognitive science; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Philosophy; Biology; Psychology; Algorithm; Paleontology","score_opus":0.02977327471253425,"score_gpt":0.29973901930243885,"score_spread":0.2699657445899046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408252251","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.053528544,0.9395126,0.0001205312,0.00014763819,0.0008330098,0.0017019868,0.0018809556,0.000024623643,0.002250104],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93887734,0.06064702,0.000009771218,0.000008874399,0.00022686963,0.00001997107,0.00010354893,0.00001042747,0.00009620042],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984647,0.00034378713,0.0005762783,0.00025684974,0.00020755804,0.0001507943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980611,0.00069023034,0.0007836963,0.00026182318,0.0001659557,0.00003716724],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025075595,0.0002671302,0.0010420465,0.00009373678,0.00010024098,0.000012059123,0.00026868822,0.00011130289,0.000022554921],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017086713,0.00013705243,0.00037283704,0.00020969311,0.0005713915,0.000031418993,0.000070163755,0.00018214331,0.000009437478],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000137231,0.0015396813,0.0068715294,0.027483808,0.0037985584,0.000004335934,0.00094243314,0.000042607797,0.0006197764,0.5484863,0.022473024,0.38760075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034149264,0.0018719891,0.0062177274,0.06710725,0.0043362286,0.00006105813,0.0059109163,0.001116506,0.0012918558,0.0039874627,0.9021263,0.0025577913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017272809,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000013207583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8853488,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002851978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00029187737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5588836},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409654642","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105466","title":"Book Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science","score_opus":0.003697432195235633,"score_gpt":0.24901799810039493,"score_spread":0.2453205659051593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409654642","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0101861805,0.97004783,0.00027536767,0.0017681605,0.0006245721,0.00033892537,0.0000057998623,0.000020513584,0.016732644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5778233,0.084619686,0.0002424589,0.08878935,0.0003973875,0.00013924851,0.0007131987,0.000020103496,0.24725527],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958324,0.000031185406,0.0001224971,0.0001509098,0.000029853243,0.00008228235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977106,0.000002047994,0.000028459104,0.00015743262,0.000024172685,0.00001682463],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001069357,0.00006117939,0.00008012292,0.000017021886,0.000038036673,0.000003678233,0.00007384782,0.00007873931,0.000045644763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001727336,0.000052362288,0.0000383313,0.00006115928,0.000018688599,9.340558e-7,0.00003761186,0.00001805633,0.000049038244],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007158862,0.000007991486,0.0010862394,0.00022818707,0.00002977303,3.351648e-7,0.000001097075,1.6236785e-7,0.09648001,0.0000624982,0.89988494,0.00221162],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008456177,0.00001695571,0.0017003095,0.00024230895,0.0000065412855,0.0000044279122,0.000001976065,9.074007e-7,0.08276212,0.0000044732624,0.9151195,0.000055901695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000014795671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000019927036,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88542813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000068475106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037862952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2135272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410378925","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105483","title":"Is there a relationship between embryonic bioelectric currents and differentiation waves?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Embryonic stem cell; Biology; Traveling wave; Neuroscience; Biological system; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Genetics","score_opus":0.019469735697761843,"score_gpt":0.275383397002743,"score_spread":0.25591366130498117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410378925","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946085,0.0023768758,0.0013960399,0.00084480544,0.00015878168,0.00018605674,0.00003246901,0.00001678539,0.000379683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979954,0.00006586742,0.000009665248,0.00014447574,0.000122025485,0.000010017174,0.0004585737,0.0000060724246,0.0011879229],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931407,0.00008217433,0.00014808773,0.00025110733,0.000047635367,0.00015694987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996767,0.000033147764,0.00006801486,0.00015977709,0.000030419691,0.000031908978],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011812445,0.00010643447,0.00011080099,0.00008497186,0.00012966139,0.000022839438,0.00007435796,0.00023629885,0.0000033763279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006855321,0.000095962954,0.000036668036,0.00015769356,0.00002370484,0.0000039617166,0.000029461098,0.000077306635,0.0000106770385],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023608034,0.000011911682,0.96615094,0.000041566425,0.000056993857,1.5523611e-7,0.000013272851,6.88439e-7,0.028063456,0.00048320604,0.0043332083,0.00082098553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045244672,0.000133337,0.97041744,0.000038939215,0.000042052878,0.000002720536,0.0000068338886,0.00022647246,0.017982611,0.00040263226,0.010166173,0.00012832724],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010045902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011878062,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010080842,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015775078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038067246,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3913256},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410760368","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105504","title":"Mechanism and biological significance of erythrocyte homoaggregation (rouleaux formation): temperature-dependent entropic liberation of water from cells and macromolecules","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology","field":"Medicine","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Liberation; Macromolecule; Mechanism (biology); Chemistry; Biophysics; Biology; Biochemistry; Philosophy; Epistemology","score_opus":0.022020063886608765,"score_gpt":0.26094764470041554,"score_spread":0.23892758081380677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410760368","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.023439553,0.9730657,0.00047991367,0.000032510656,0.0007052969,0.0017603196,0.00039522225,0.000039583258,0.00008193334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05125177,0.9472017,0.0002742025,0.00003246017,0.00016966811,0.00007664799,0.0007222726,0.000016374677,0.00025488393],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982172,0.00027380954,0.0008139502,0.000382169,0.00016244118,0.00015042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898624,0.00013566748,0.00042656585,0.00025785356,0.00012958316,0.00006410037],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014956672,0.00029364772,0.0014659298,0.00018476903,0.00005269119,0.000019218049,0.000056835648,0.0005270634,0.000030784162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002923266,0.00018118662,0.00015792578,0.00010632118,0.00007932099,0.000058936173,0.00006350397,0.00018689335,0.000009139217],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033572296,0.00029798056,0.00003427595,0.13144536,0.0007910399,0.00004863508,0.0007616186,8.769719e-7,0.72573817,0.0029030265,0.0005455032,0.1370978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005059689,0.0029442154,0.00012406344,0.07034034,0.003597995,0.00051080063,0.0006692142,0.00012412232,0.53033483,0.0011571639,0.38373056,0.0014069773],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042346568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000066225202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38318506,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048279948,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000086921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73885757},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412791281","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105546","title":"The development of code systems during eukaryogenesis and the rise of multicellularity","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Multicellular organism; Code (set theory); Computer science; Biology; Programming language; Genetics","score_opus":0.007831476781650642,"score_gpt":0.2304810409581546,"score_spread":0.22264956417650397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412791281","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99459684,0.002226927,0.00074971875,0.00008115556,0.00036652567,0.0002918889,0.000031813746,0.0000068535137,0.0016482597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988879,0.000007688216,0.000062883875,7.64307e-7,0.00006136229,0.00002545477,0.000001140237,0.0000036683464,0.00094914815],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992175,0.000083647436,0.0003921431,0.00009428292,0.00010901378,0.00010341155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994289,0.000107704844,0.0001782638,0.00019675838,0.00006729044,0.00002103214],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005078302,0.000074022835,0.00018664081,0.000025038074,0.00024541465,0.000025073474,0.00013137293,0.000020705324,0.0000024835351],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000061855726,0.000040008737,0.00005016321,0.00009422463,0.00010136868,0.00002082752,0.00005940459,0.00003724622,0.0000014774109],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029668136,0.00019910127,0.7366709,0.0015364385,0.0010807321,3.4843686e-7,0.0025555016,0.00015130354,0.019119084,0.23456877,0.0006551741,0.0031659598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014708186,0.00005487475,0.33405358,0.002321275,0.0004753252,0.0000030174647,0.03142396,0.027387815,0.2556777,0.00054272317,0.33242133,0.0009302086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00047210828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020133804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40261734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014100653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006598179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18875559},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413116398","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105553","title":"A biogenic principle within the constructal law: The flow of information in biological systems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Constructal law; Living systems; Corollary; Multicellular organism; Information flow; Flow (mathematics); Computer science; Second law of thermodynamics; Mathematical economics; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Biology; Mechanics; Physics; Pure mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.013389677007720372,"score_gpt":0.20492309122536143,"score_spread":0.19153341421764106,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413116398","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99637973,0.0008770891,0.0000014849385,0.00071537774,0.00035332047,0.00048405133,0.00008957693,0.00003063078,0.0010687376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995184,0.000056759665,0.000005810837,0.0002365579,0.000064937194,0.0000490106,0.000040639363,1.7891932e-7,0.00002773056],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989183,0.00023007175,0.0004195379,0.00013554216,0.00009513494,0.00020141323],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993189,0.00037725567,0.00016774746,0.00006697929,0.00005302973,0.000016084254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048131685,0.00011973819,0.00024570854,0.000012552915,0.00021759835,0.00003428962,0.00036490732,0.00014036329,0.0000049276964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008975196,0.00002525459,0.00007813374,0.00041313656,0.00032363535,0.00005400411,0.00011484584,0.00012887629,0.000010920613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037552346,0.000125824,0.06936527,0.000082350365,0.0002016345,0.0000038039173,0.0002975758,0.00010901383,0.6874111,0.23566204,0.0010566707,0.0053091403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015357416,0.0022205065,0.76142293,0.00058194366,0.000086753826,0.00013356883,0.01193157,0.008203476,0.024623044,0.005177807,0.18302248,0.0010601762],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008042959,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00068883284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69205767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019115225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011506172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16736126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415312960","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105620","title":"Spectral bounds for Sombor and Sombor energy indices: A graph-theoretic study of neurotransmitter molecular networks","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Horizon College and Seminary","funders":"","keywords":"Graph; Graph theory; Branching (polymer chemistry); Neurochemical; Spectral graph theory; Characterization (materials science); Molecular graph; Sensitivity (control systems); Complexity index","score_opus":0.008991772352750935,"score_gpt":0.2675927548533145,"score_spread":0.25860098250056357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415312960","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3959281,0.00043110314,0.60246336,0.00013077474,0.00046036532,0.00042951183,0.000004026669,0.000040895,0.00011182286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99269474,0.00000784121,0.0068469634,0.00024729286,0.00005436527,0.000104223436,0.0000024896183,0.000012573369,0.000029503266],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982558,0.0003223935,0.00041162848,0.000509474,0.00023921535,0.0002614701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891007,0.0003639854,0.00013628288,0.00044061296,0.000086925036,0.00006214235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005052151,0.00018398445,0.00033048197,0.00027431428,0.00009302495,0.00016720999,0.0005730851,0.000065047985,8.935749e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025567479,0.00016930678,0.0001051006,0.0006403572,0.000068580164,0.00016219736,0.00013874745,0.000074995725,2.1772918e-7],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094487594,0.0006787745,0.0037811154,0.00043482013,0.00035964788,0.00002869722,0.0018215734,0.014347391,0.0021252027,0.96702886,0.00027662818,0.009022818],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0043858164,0.0016018101,0.019730212,0.00032226468,0.00017729956,0.000026793858,0.00050102145,0.86423993,0.0049947053,0.101712964,0.0015962234,0.0007109478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008613148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028891802,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.86531585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021024458,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000830016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.690413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415706476","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105634","title":"Homeostatic set-points are physical and foundational to organism autonomy","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Queen's University; Queen's University Belfast","keywords":"Allosteric regulation; Effector; Living systems; Organism; Topology (electrical circuits); Cybernetics; Allosteric enzyme","score_opus":0.009497482514034188,"score_gpt":0.26994025087762236,"score_spread":0.26044276836358815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415706476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9867664,0.000019598265,0.0037857834,0.001823603,0.00050173094,0.0002480102,0.00014070461,0.000041491912,0.0066726785],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967591,1.6549626e-7,0.0002573374,0.00014232117,0.00042903738,0.000023343262,0.000025387595,0.000007296331,0.002355989],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994083,0.000021308273,0.00014227814,0.00019152346,0.00009255608,0.00014401763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965715,0.00003257354,0.000050929637,0.00012968192,0.000046990815,0.00008266534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006450854,0.00010165971,0.00016076631,0.00006188232,0.00011847236,0.0000797986,0.000071448914,0.00001766959,0.00009844591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000448911,0.00009300295,0.00003547396,0.0001498861,0.000020094292,0.00006979303,0.00004811668,0.000049285492,0.00019702635],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022755288,0.00030224593,0.352003,0.0002062837,0.0002930397,0.000002194968,0.0016734182,0.000023119384,0.002410946,0.58122826,0.05410025,0.0077344566],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00122806,0.00007836458,0.15530863,0.00027359714,0.000054218857,0.0000015401874,0.0022778423,0.002053374,0.0020146025,0.009005522,0.8272068,0.00049748516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008505545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000038188546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7731065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047195786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011273156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37925503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417137793","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105668","title":"Anthropogenesis and the origin of human consciousness","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"editorial","venue":"Biosystems","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Consciousness; Human language; Human development (humanity); Human evolution; Human culture; Social consciousness","score_opus":0.008762012119162896,"score_gpt":0.2806127795185061,"score_spread":0.2718507673993432,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417137793","genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"editorial","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"editorial","genre_consensus":"editorial","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00483818,0.0012847568,0.00007782682,0.00010883977,0.9826528,0.00044118863,0.0018407615,0.000027047186,0.008728638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.32569304,0.000037953378,0.0000074114437,0.0000031734785,0.663994,0.00003814955,0.00017908406,0.000019134886,0.010028026],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987898,0.00010746312,0.00040611328,0.00024834365,0.00028805182,0.00016022522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99881583,0.00030779597,0.00032218132,0.0003452332,0.00016862738,0.000040341325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035680333,0.00020845824,0.0005851334,0.000069237176,0.0002063364,0.000054341057,0.00023435282,0.00018318353,0.00008858525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015234448,0.00013604066,0.00015057203,0.000103995226,0.00026097245,0.000027324731,0.00007861599,0.00018037933,0.000005877152],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017246648,0.000023847657,0.002178329,0.00022256727,0.00016460587,2.274006e-7,0.00004799883,2.7712304e-7,0.000029879597,0.03521519,0.96197134,0.00012850753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00113539,0.000019121884,0.000019388566,0.00023664681,0.000106221,7.4299415e-8,0.00023154216,0.000007948134,0.00012949485,0.0002098057,0.99775815,0.00014619101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0048134844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000035452056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32085487,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002123702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023602061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7276581},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}