{"meta":{"query_hash":"81a9690c7dd2","filters":{"venue":"Bothalia"},"cohort_total":7,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"exported":7,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/81a9690c7dd2","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Bothalia"},"results":[{"id":"W2017391539","doi":"10.4102/abc.v42i2.12","title":"Systematics of the hypervariable <i>Moraea tripetala</i> complex (Iridaceae: Iridoideae) of the southern African winter rainfall zone","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Tepal; Subspecies; Taxonomy (biology); Pollen; Botany; Systematics; Habitat; Ecology; Stamen","score_opus":0.02982193805242279,"score_gpt":0.19125838202189516,"score_spread":0.16143644396947238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2017391539","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881662,0.005517409,0.0008194063,0.000078696954,0.000014091284,0.000031781772,0.00027232824,0.000035853016,0.0050641797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99716705,0.0010011557,0.0010407175,0.000043020827,0.000007871394,0.000012825695,0.00022504186,0.000012711475,0.000489653],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962914,0.00007418912,0.000035107616,0.00012942958,0.000059068676,0.0000729391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944025,0.0000968201,0.00023568392,0.000059121645,0.000101047015,0.000067074274],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035978018,0.00025152328,0.00029775483,0.0037578926,0.0011171768,0.00077407726,0.0006173765,0.00023104448,0.0018357446],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008031953,0.00014692415,0.00022313792,0.0022145577,0.00095033064,0.000435346,0.0009103514,0.00024958138,0.00025172142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043811367,0.00005027155,0.6275746,0.0008395204,0.0004208539,0.001083245,0.01782875,0.00045388224,0.10773369,0.0046641915,0.0011234073,0.23778945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000067360784,0.000051860356,0.97866344,0.000064211265,0.00006732915,0.0013360032,0.0021705802,0.00044926643,0.0012310528,0.00030511606,0.015631584,0.000022813409],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0059986976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011383808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0059986976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000703389,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038137895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011927545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048194689","doi":"10.4102/abc.v43i2.94","title":"The native and naturalised species of <i>Peltocalathos</i> and <i>Ranunculus</i> (Ranunculaceae: Ranunculeae) in southern Africa","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Ranunculus; Achene; Homonym (biology); Biology; Ranunculaceae; Botany; Taxon; Delphinium; Genus","score_opus":0.018523825822089293,"score_gpt":0.20437523011634828,"score_spread":0.185851404294259,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2048194689","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8458439,0.10456682,0.0012061466,0.0002649436,0.00008863284,0.000117342424,0.0007686013,0.00006256513,0.04708106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9536591,0.040920306,0.0014582021,0.00007401161,0.00003343121,0.000020999152,0.00030720083,0.0000125717115,0.0035140866],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998981,0.000014096268,0.000013803743,0.000029555233,0.000020470945,0.000023929377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998054,0.000026450698,0.0001149115,0.000010089348,0.00002774776,0.000015366735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011968619,0.00058130134,0.00022967832,0.0016321206,0.0008477887,0.0006660895,0.00033079262,0.00013098607,0.0022314484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027271695,0.00017581765,0.00010910958,0.0018202533,0.00095702446,0.00078702637,0.00050684606,0.00016702089,0.00038967645],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033688385,0.000063076186,0.12648825,0.0052084406,0.00011121632,0.008303952,0.008825912,0.000425556,0.042637095,0.003754908,0.002311831,0.8015328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001595208,0.00032590228,0.81307185,0.0012307379,0.00021665539,0.018937519,0.012872229,0.00018391936,0.0034515366,0.0011444687,0.148505,0.000044197594],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011998777,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.051493533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011998777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005386239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045180327,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023857892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2104554860","doi":"10.4102/abc.v44i1.325","title":"<i>Schoenefeldia transiens</i> (Poaceae): Rare new record from the Limpopo Province, South Africa","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Herbarium; National park; Geography; Population; Quarter (Canadian coin); Genus; Distribution (mathematics); Socioeconomics; Environmental protection; Archaeology; Forestry; Ecology; Demography; Biology","score_opus":0.023959962143291408,"score_gpt":0.18432356926020535,"score_spread":0.16036360711691394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2104554860","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99080884,0.0019381128,0.00047679318,0.00006958695,0.000009825184,0.000043849785,0.00044162443,0.000013960008,0.0061974195],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972379,0.0011045372,0.0006802896,0.000038728827,0.000009591115,0.000017371189,0.00028018467,0.000006333653,0.0006251017],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989235,0.000010596554,0.000008937168,0.000036748705,0.000018240185,0.000033144894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971837,0.00006539838,0.00011885291,0.000018225222,0.000032533135,0.000046636156],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016910542,0.00030013724,0.0002057989,0.0019144454,0.0011489148,0.00051014096,0.00029297592,0.00018847047,0.002471024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004766494,0.00017139643,0.00010504473,0.0020342923,0.00072060555,0.00055759994,0.0005304099,0.00024282272,0.00027032217],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005945577,0.00009538059,0.6169786,0.0013679013,0.00010874423,0.01563056,0.042689428,0.0001617155,0.055500854,0.0016065112,0.0015885654,0.2636772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012959887,0.00012773226,0.94275004,0.00027526566,0.000046680274,0.009345591,0.009296158,0.00012739308,0.00089136034,0.000319371,0.036786497,0.00002093988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014273726,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.036772717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014273726,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029512422,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042922446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.028381288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2303253618","doi":"10.4102/abc.v33i2.442","title":"A new <i>Cyrtanthus species</i>(Amaryllidaceae: Cyrtantheae) endemic to the Albany Centre, Eastern Cape, South Africa","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Cape; Inflorescence; Endemism; Geography; Amaryllidaceae; Tributary; Biology; Ecology; Botany; Archaeology","score_opus":0.036990057065060436,"score_gpt":0.2001594000795964,"score_spread":0.16316934301453595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2303253618","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9602276,0.004148538,0.0019153282,0.000410844,0.00018719438,0.00025204127,0.00071288017,0.0002104085,0.03193524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98470426,0.0017159358,0.003997758,0.00029055975,0.00010410114,0.00007035121,0.0005955364,0.000022279104,0.008499153],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999211,0.000008071681,0.0000067042674,0.000029217259,0.000014623816,0.000020243784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998547,0.000019764002,0.000051854502,0.000012400049,0.000029128409,0.000032210584],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008651738,0.00036235838,0.00033175776,0.0013538504,0.0015800747,0.0004214234,0.00058216375,0.00034355195,0.0060209953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002219376,0.00022066716,0.00014297901,0.0007306353,0.0005518011,0.00050077576,0.00047202513,0.0003135776,0.0007586859],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008804517,0.0002509055,0.1095801,0.0010249594,0.00006947396,0.013806049,0.008046265,0.00035627614,0.26266575,0.0025976372,0.008665011,0.59205717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015801951,0.0011162071,0.6824693,0.0003874564,0.00012627909,0.022490019,0.0039454936,0.00083933934,0.007456121,0.0007201189,0.28021646,0.00007512776],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010377957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03737274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010377957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045418512,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002516559,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020635068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2906279300","doi":"10.4102/abc.v49i1.2356","title":"Distribution of invasive alien Tithonia (Asteraceae) species in eastern and southern Africa and the socio-ecological impacts of T. diversifolia in Zambia","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Biological Control of Invasive Species","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China; Universiteit Stellenbosch; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; National Research Foundation; Department for International Development; JRS Biodiversity Foundation","keywords":"Tithonia; Geography; Agroforestry; Livelihood; Biodiversity; Tanzania; Distribution (mathematics); Invasive species; Agriculture; Ecology; Environmental planning; Biology; Agronomy","score_opus":0.0228271881011567,"score_gpt":0.21138811230749013,"score_spread":0.18856092420633344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2906279300","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99944013,0.00023283638,0.000012058979,0.000034727356,6.515342e-7,0.0000047244403,0.000050652052,7.2574807e-7,0.0002236549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953985,0.00027129913,0.00004342972,0.000011621149,6.030758e-7,0.00000529477,0.000031348718,2.2220327e-7,0.000096243944],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999076,0.000017955086,0.0000065236295,0.000012941891,0.000009027808,0.000045919278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997633,0.000029777626,0.00014586099,0.000005932499,0.000017015196,0.000038086855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022232646,0.0002042491,0.000101052145,0.0006853803,0.00044708073,0.00036971085,0.0001525238,0.0001397305,0.00089229114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041046963,0.0001563114,0.00010615147,0.00069847534,0.00045669667,0.00032005316,0.00043427062,0.00020984428,0.00004962047],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059880156,0.000022572287,0.97175914,0.00016112874,0.000027264714,0.0008039391,0.013124754,0.00010167236,0.004108781,0.00021103014,0.0001852574,0.009434532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000014621603,0.000017391883,0.9955022,0.000034580138,0.000007837393,0.00013685007,0.0038200726,0.000039261446,0.000054055792,0.000009477713,0.00037517113,0.0000016334368],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07432393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1882632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07432393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068077457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036657855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14778262},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3138857934","doi":"10.38201/btha.abc.v51.i1.5","title":"Diatom responses to river water quality in the Kruger National Park, South Africa","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Diatoms and Algae Research","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Kruger (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Diatom; Water quality; Environmental science; National park; Hydrology (agriculture); Perennial stream; Indicator species; Current (fluid); Geography; Ecology; STREAMS; Oceanography; Biology; Geology; Habitat","score_opus":0.07691225922806269,"score_gpt":0.35130343809657666,"score_spread":0.27439117886851394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3138857934","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995623,0.000065426975,0.000034439967,0.000016328206,7.971894e-7,0.000008897731,0.000076261276,0.0000012742878,0.00023426724],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994665,0.00007292105,0.00013843422,0.0000097523925,7.6259556e-7,0.000011678677,0.00008919081,8.69509e-7,0.00021003895],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983287,0.000029937053,0.0000093496565,0.000048473215,0.00003249602,0.00004685491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996252,0.000048693215,0.0001647267,0.000013023369,0.000089473535,0.000058837766],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002473489,0.00017877482,0.00013269883,0.0005548907,0.00054092414,0.00042195906,0.0002099245,0.00018751899,0.0006513601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006557929,0.00013509179,0.000090811234,0.00077806413,0.00034804604,0.00030332166,0.00042001694,0.00018643666,0.0000657742],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002676975,0.00010100432,0.9675254,0.00008467661,0.00004422039,0.0006469864,0.0029906435,0.0003339253,0.014860593,0.00007926968,0.00020931016,0.012856289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000043192026,0.00005133768,0.9978301,0.0000071397662,0.000006594495,0.000077389355,0.0010603332,0.00012600994,0.0004047317,0.000013854704,0.00041511768,0.0000030675264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07017599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18678987,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07017599,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014976413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005625643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13953507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4234618044","doi":"10.4102/abc.v43i2.97","title":"Iridaceae","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bothalia","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Cape Town; Fauna and Flora International; McMaster University","keywords":"Iridaceae; Geography; Botany; Biology","score_opus":0.04250315474397013,"score_gpt":0.18764457140080648,"score_spread":0.14514141665683636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4234618044","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48529598,0.025697328,0.008102231,0.0011225573,0.0008390021,0.00078703306,0.0021627985,0.0014029765,0.47459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8559237,0.01063309,0.01291567,0.0017420173,0.00044361025,0.00026313963,0.0024733676,0.00018696675,0.11541835],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998543,0.000016167882,0.000012552831,0.00006363065,0.00002896568,0.00002434493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999374,0.000011168746,0.000014571307,0.000009662694,0.000015577265,0.000011595863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013381102,0.00083104975,0.00048682326,0.0010480059,0.0013256725,0.0005709602,0.00053448137,0.00029959693,0.012232116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026311536,0.00020872103,0.00018937927,0.00068735116,0.0004530818,0.0009007083,0.0005508762,0.00081992114,0.0025785374],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007479412,0.00031043444,0.020510403,0.0015110254,0.00010138292,0.0039601796,0.0062323,0.00087439927,0.16758572,0.011667527,0.010732908,0.77576584],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012301825,0.00038160573,0.20025009,0.00033061145,0.00015291365,0.006787392,0.001923109,0.00062393676,0.005429828,0.0014329976,0.78251266,0.000051784686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008234381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011981057,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012232116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074167724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006070226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}