{"meta":{"query_hash":"78c40b48586d","filters":{"venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems"},"cohort_total":10,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":10,"exported":10,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/78c40b48586d","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Cleaner+Environmental+Systems"},"results":[{"id":"W3153849914","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2021.100035","title":"The use of broccoli agro-industrial waste in dairy cattle diet for environmental mitigation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Life-cycle assessment; Silage; Livestock; Agriculture; Hay; Dairy cattle; Agricultural science; Greenhouse; Production (economics); Agronomy; Animal science; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.024251227958126616,"score_gpt":0.2098968736952536,"score_spread":0.18564564573712697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3153849914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99696046,0.00029859776,0.00010028931,0.00021828111,0.0004370456,0.0012987598,0.00027707315,0.000018297662,0.00039119384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99359834,0.0001605244,0.00010650504,0.00008127813,0.00015643403,0.00017916183,0.00026989868,0.000041590018,0.005406251],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970776,0.00028826747,0.00076099846,0.00064335245,0.00059169356,0.0006381215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998586,0.00035011614,0.00028264528,0.00058423163,0.0000018969864,0.00019509872],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038147374,0.00035077237,0.00037261503,0.000027543012,0.00034809794,0.00009212464,0.0003090709,0.00024406957,0.00031429814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000073389085,0.00026978957,0.00022034597,0.00016447723,0.0007405106,0.00055723306,0.00038615888,0.00026145368,0.00012617765],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001274588,0.002151455,0.6252382,0.00011160041,0.00016904542,0.00006673323,0.002024888,0.12551688,0.19851328,0.00010312316,0.023453904,0.021376312],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0052208435,0.0013791526,0.51205826,0.00014485834,0.00018034507,0.00014861987,0.034420628,0.0050042765,0.042348955,0.00016756672,0.39734253,0.001583952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025763133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000111842564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37388864,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013369404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013980486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395702586","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2024.100189","title":"Analysis of urban metabolism in an informal settlement using the MuSIASEM method in Lima","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Universidad de Lima","keywords":"Urban metabolism; Nexus (standard); Human settlement; Sustainability; Geography; Population; Ecosystem services; Informal sector; Work (physics); Resource (disambiguation); Latin Americans; Salary; Economic growth; Environmental resource management; Natural resource economics; Economics; Ecosystem; Ecology; Sociology; Political science; Urban planning; Urban density; Engineering; Demography","score_opus":0.015754979333944968,"score_gpt":0.2656007106048059,"score_spread":0.24984573127086093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395702586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99768686,0.000447493,0.00069130794,0.00004420173,0.00013552533,0.0004861067,0.00005681547,0.000018842391,0.0004328467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994618,0.000014078897,0.00015048175,0.00005368513,0.000041052856,0.000060006907,0.000039777686,0.000014401326,0.00016469369],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971116,0.000594934,0.0008552357,0.0005115648,0.0004955466,0.0004310774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991332,0.00015173541,0.00013461521,0.00047474308,0.0000018097363,0.00010389132],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002240589,0.00022149217,0.00055403815,0.00029143275,0.0000846344,0.00008109816,0.00036266758,0.00012755825,0.001566955],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016336822,0.00015251478,0.0002484993,0.0015779787,0.00020497238,0.00044592863,0.0002808987,0.00021527307,0.0000456755],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000139193535,0.0001546442,0.61977565,0.00003008687,0.00016372904,0.000024226256,0.0028764554,0.3733543,0.0018628914,0.000108276196,0.000014803695,0.0016210432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001404062,0.00003913409,0.5652733,0.000015402898,0.00032889962,0.000003897557,0.010205026,0.42050177,0.00005595251,0.000012218977,0.0032520068,0.00017198978],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006494571,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002054857,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054502357,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061826274,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007945622,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993457},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396806051","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2024.100193","title":"Advancing urban water autonomy: A Social Life Cycle Assessment of rainwater harvesting systems in Mexico City","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Water Governance and Infrastructure","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Rainwater harvesting; Autonomy; Environmental science; Environmental planning; Water cycle; Water resource management; Geography; Political science; Ecology","score_opus":0.009605589882406292,"score_gpt":0.257678282240163,"score_spread":0.2480726923577567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396806051","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98723817,0.00077580806,0.00018674506,0.00031196172,0.0016067864,0.00056377455,0.00006056701,0.00009320855,0.009162993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961396,0.00002306923,0.000040077546,0.000053984102,0.0007971324,0.000055699387,0.000023196157,0.000034997884,0.0028322316],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99748564,0.00030796696,0.00061449927,0.00041680454,0.00056866877,0.0006064498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951184,0.000046747708,0.00012936,0.000165465,0.0000065141635,0.00014008002],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010045443,0.00021667912,0.00040422464,0.00009345032,0.00027922515,0.00023883079,0.000259825,0.00017797228,0.00019721079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001269297,0.00016940876,0.00011462556,0.0001157805,0.0002543302,0.00062640285,0.00011988087,0.00027034202,0.00005001545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004688572,0.0003654717,0.71004725,0.0014986488,0.0003511658,0.00024408678,0.17582855,0.034619424,0.054918226,0.009238975,0.007624469,0.0052168374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001603784,0.00020772887,0.23479359,0.0017064385,0.00011756747,0.000027183483,0.06552221,0.03947188,0.0022556183,0.0003011363,0.6523566,0.0016362686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005600247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014069336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6447321,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012410498,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013265853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84659356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401945541","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2024.100222","title":"Life cycle GHG emissions and economic viability of two levulinic acid production processes from biomass: A case study of Japan and Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Catalysis for Biomass Conversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; University of Tokyo; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","keywords":"Levulinic acid; Biomass (ecology); Greenhouse gas; Life-cycle assessment; Production (economics); Environmental science; Natural resource economics; Economics; Waste management; Chemistry; Engineering; Ecology; Biology; Macroeconomics; Organic chemistry","score_opus":0.006670729678992641,"score_gpt":0.19536299984500208,"score_spread":0.18869227016600942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401945541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971411,0.0017854448,0.0000057418897,0.000012319253,0.0003609358,0.00038964182,0.00025605122,0.00003754474,0.000011187618],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99982136,0.00003494106,0.0000062904696,9.913045e-7,0.000052568033,0.000017994333,0.000029011653,0.000022149015,0.000014666989],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910545,0.00003060526,0.00034891715,0.0003052928,0.00011178655,0.00009796433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953884,0.000049552888,0.000055507342,0.00023365719,0.000002814625,0.00011963936],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000103901686,0.0001348128,0.00023791647,0.000052433174,0.000040265702,0.000017495824,0.000052136507,0.00003875951,0.000016077207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015127181,0.00012872696,0.00001958842,0.000059923987,0.000068973124,0.00012244936,0.00006496303,0.0000558355,0.0000020397285],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005055204,0.0004514956,0.4281065,0.004624551,0.0010710382,0.000182675,0.007383813,0.013697145,0.53965575,0.0000015801469,0.0010269898,0.0037479193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051848493,0.0011036365,0.09522193,0.0011729128,0.0020351654,0.0024753488,0.25953433,0.24173231,0.38572335,0.00002864601,0.0032882793,0.0024992295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.33034277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.120669715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33288455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021273555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048654227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8953758},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412463181","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100298","title":"Evolution of financial sustainability of Canadian waste management industries in government and private sectors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Municipal Solid Waste Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sustainability; Business; Government (linguistics); Private sector; Finance; Natural resource economics; Economics; Economic growth","score_opus":0.004460988111304321,"score_gpt":0.17990931843183453,"score_spread":0.1754483303205302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412463181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878461,0.00012954527,0.00007277348,0.00007010504,0.00013381896,0.0010037821,0.000046028763,0.0000048840107,0.010693013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984293,0.00004720185,0.000023938428,0.000019248144,0.000008433061,0.00004983337,0.0000043405294,0.00000966769,0.0014080417],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982719,0.00010711419,0.0005095049,0.0003580408,0.00041404605,0.00033942802],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993375,0.00002114518,0.0001523062,0.00038563937,0.0000017582169,0.000101658065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042229233,0.00017655751,0.0002698801,0.00018961767,0.00006158967,0.0000109326475,0.00024571535,0.00009572023,0.00009481348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020116098,0.0001820476,0.00003551392,0.0005369894,0.00035612925,0.000109509674,0.00055184733,0.00011291752,0.000006115253],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004770028,0.00017913744,0.89859027,0.00033828104,0.000027293056,0.000013448823,0.00035476373,0.090824716,0.00031579303,0.005324768,0.0006608284,0.003323015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007322769,0.0000930213,0.96761274,0.00013659804,0.000036705685,0.0000011572948,0.008408412,0.003887469,0.00065961445,0.00024185394,0.017965382,0.00022477597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09546439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017585246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08693725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0035224585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001827608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98129797},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412702655","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100305","title":"Energy poverty from a life cycle sustainability assessment perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Energy and Environment Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; University of Calgary","keywords":"Perspective (graphical); Sustainability; Energy poverty; Life-cycle assessment; Poverty; Energy (signal processing); Environmental economics; Natural resource economics; Political science; Economic growth; Economics; Computer science; Physics; Production (economics); Macroeconomics; Medicine","score_opus":0.0037015919823068758,"score_gpt":0.22218543551617342,"score_spread":0.21848384353386655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412702655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87210315,0.00070170267,0.0051116715,0.0013353076,0.00075966003,0.0005297278,0.000113874456,0.00016040842,0.119184464],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98982674,0.000105151084,0.00011389191,0.0016868521,0.00010263689,0.00010640197,0.00007191101,0.000037746548,0.00794865],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970461,0.00028967726,0.00047439817,0.0009511243,0.0005991019,0.0006395911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99850166,0.00012443555,0.00015470281,0.00085211615,0.000003298982,0.00036380283],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026736382,0.00041923497,0.00040418433,0.000058295656,0.0003417615,0.00008860503,0.00046856178,0.00022008434,0.003797628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036154168,0.00038765473,0.00016879596,0.00020379439,0.00044834177,0.0004035906,0.0006444946,0.00025563678,0.0003875925],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030729157,0.0030113626,0.5311383,0.00005267316,0.0006129646,0.000132398,0.0012695049,0.3678538,0.014707459,0.017261144,0.04672718,0.016925937],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015403418,0.00016697154,0.81724113,0.000044077384,0.00012391941,0.000007784987,0.009648831,0.010494291,0.0005959944,0.0077031027,0.15152632,0.00090722035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011301057,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012770072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3573595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004347771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040548082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415462030","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100364","title":"Life cycle assessment of a commercial-scale valorized grocery food waste product and its potential use as a sustainable feed input for egg production","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Egg Farmers of Canada","keywords":"Life-cycle assessment; Sustainability; Product (mathematics); Production (economics); Cleaner production; Environmental impact assessment; Food waste; Fossil fuel; Food processing","score_opus":0.010629038276410464,"score_gpt":0.2248643628167565,"score_spread":0.21423532454034605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415462030","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99527,0.00036010332,0.000016361777,0.001451945,0.00049305183,0.0021995152,0.000041442512,0.00004123469,0.0001263084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956814,0.000053341715,0.00002423798,0.000059115893,0.0002703143,0.00018517397,0.00006111542,0.0000032832788,0.0036619846],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982758,0.00018266037,0.00041988224,0.000536383,0.00024302576,0.00034221972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994416,0.00005925711,0.000169737,0.00012468745,0.000057751615,0.0001469441],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042974108,0.00019775963,0.00034896084,0.00003440397,0.00033227637,0.00008789803,0.00013241572,0.00009774617,0.000015934045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013592512,0.00010386272,0.00011505206,0.00021312035,0.00012791257,0.0003140203,0.00014935373,0.00010718721,0.0000011245158],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017664722,0.0037251983,0.045800336,0.0032539135,0.00053821545,0.000008768562,0.0009343917,0.004938863,0.87951183,0.0032190739,0.0035670057,0.05273591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003933454,0.004547716,0.63183045,0.00026439567,0.00041186513,0.000091517,0.28825563,0.0071918657,0.033128794,0.00081559294,0.028102038,0.001426691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025941836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000016319855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84638304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018911077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038546346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42353988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415713062","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100360","title":"Life cycle assessment of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-talc Ontario agri-film","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","keywords":"Life-cycle assessment; Sustainability; Greenhouse gas; Environmental impact assessment; Agriculture; Greenhouse; Ecotoxicity; Carbon footprint","score_opus":0.014036033590061416,"score_gpt":0.2293951485874626,"score_spread":0.21535911499740118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415713062","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97292495,0.007554717,0.00011791019,0.000104379666,0.0010627786,0.00034520452,0.00011916295,0.00006125701,0.017709622],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98935086,0.000055842356,0.00015426666,0.00014346172,0.00007436558,0.00006877048,0.00003121817,0.000030217287,0.010090987],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975326,0.00021267684,0.0007520355,0.00055444974,0.000487427,0.0004607961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987763,0.0000633125,0.0002737422,0.0006683508,0.0000073252268,0.00021092981],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004071117,0.00032841315,0.00056491786,0.00009604192,0.00021675174,0.000118410855,0.00046036363,0.00017051332,0.0024573049],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009460484,0.0002632917,0.00015446737,0.00007788636,0.00025361174,0.00022259707,0.00019575532,0.00016206462,0.000315509],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011769407,0.00063605054,0.1041665,0.0003019824,0.0001836904,0.000019546183,0.00088333717,0.00031325032,0.8836739,0.0003540912,0.0016608436,0.007689133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009792534,0.00028154755,0.14490573,0.00039267895,0.00014389752,0.00003349476,0.0018761606,0.0013343929,0.8180342,0.00002581339,0.031272773,0.00072007027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.022427393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003701239,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0656397,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000385536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015145115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416818564","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100376","title":"Decomposing the scope 3 carbon footprint of higher education institutions: Methodology and lessons from the University of Toronto","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Sustainability in Higher Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Amgen (Canada); The Scarborough Hospital; Amorfix (Canada)","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Higher education; Carbon footprint; Sustainability; Government (linguistics)","score_opus":0.05204763352471022,"score_gpt":0.35842198594375546,"score_spread":0.30637435241904526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416818564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.978145,0.008395338,0.00005714283,0.0025872567,0.0009871806,0.00041254063,0.000005820693,0.000007931274,0.009401795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984455,0.00035710083,0.00012852448,0.000026279675,0.00006636693,0.0000052838545,0.0000035676128,0.000002457654,0.0009649331],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987196,0.00080429466,0.00013846248,0.00013723398,0.000114291135,0.00008613394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912184,0.00050055457,0.00010772295,0.00023380292,0.000013402789,0.000022660699],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055728597,0.000053648688,0.00010795145,0.000010235104,0.00030352868,0.000012242609,0.00021547527,0.00006245943,0.000040833882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038059312,0.000041237996,0.000027158281,0.00005666234,0.0008242194,0.000044172557,0.000081249156,0.000053028492,5.9969904e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009304501,0.00063835,0.4815505,0.0001485883,0.00023425528,5.287913e-7,0.11150002,0.0008955768,0.015540015,0.33053055,0.000710085,0.058158472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001233659,0.000013440992,0.6476179,0.000069342284,0.000075342345,3.104065e-7,0.19177125,0.000009831726,0.00029178013,0.0009770565,0.15898514,0.00006526086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20409904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0048841084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32955348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00062479434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018655023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8012009},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7083189458","doi":"10.1016/j.cesys.2025.100337","title":"Comparative life cycle assessment of bamboo-containing and wood-based hygiene tissue: Implications of fiber sourcing and conversion technologies","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cleaner Environmental Systems","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"North Carolina State University","keywords":"Carbon footprint; Life-cycle assessment; Sustainability; Biomass (ecology); Environmental impact assessment; Carbon sequestration; Carbon fibers; Total organic carbon; Kraft process","score_opus":0.016342638906402685,"score_gpt":0.2920340286941914,"score_spread":0.27569138978778873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7083189458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99716425,0.0011529085,0.0006264102,0.000103310005,0.000012312215,0.00019658904,0.00002490139,0.0000087120925,0.00071061385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99935013,0.00006787505,0.00034895618,0.000024388397,0.0000031713566,0.00001976331,0.00004156735,0.0000044967583,0.00013965745],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950355,0.000042634783,0.00018287615,0.00015247868,0.000049891576,0.00006855019],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999623,0.000021755843,0.000106692765,0.0002155517,0.000008697117,0.000024296562],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007369265,0.00007682911,0.00015684743,0.000032093674,0.000067366425,0.000006866991,0.000092142946,0.00007536776,0.000007533273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000574313,0.00007210935,0.000019547793,0.000033368728,0.00025136018,0.0000037803475,0.00016495622,0.00004936103,7.0842395e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028119708,0.00009673649,0.074327365,0.000058304493,0.000030139041,1.2607211e-7,0.000044610922,0.00021725679,0.9226771,0.00016638162,0.00005688627,0.0022970052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012029993,0.0006719166,0.59663373,0.00012895429,0.000086182605,0.0000046719174,0.010328134,0.0021423486,0.38325801,0.000012697263,0.005301051,0.00022930345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002155085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000017654196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53941905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016455195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001452047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2940534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}