{"meta":{"query_hash":"ec0372a6ce26","filters":{"venue":"Comparative Education"},"cohort_total":21,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":21,"exported":21,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/ec0372a6ce26","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Comparative+Education"},"results":[{"id":"W1964054677","doi":"10.1080/03050060802040953","title":"The education challenges facing small nation states in the increasingly competitive global economy of the twenty‐first century","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Island Studies and Pacific Affairs","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Flexibility (engineering); Globalization; Population; Creativity; Competitive advantage; Rote learning; Economic growth; Tribute; Scale (ratio); Political science; Sociology; Economics; Management; Teaching method; Law; Geography","score_opus":0.06260373772337453,"score_gpt":0.3135010468538685,"score_spread":0.25089730913049396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964054677","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4577496,0.0062684566,0.00002024597,0.016875979,0.001532183,0.00075020996,0.000007821919,0.000010921516,0.5167846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996862,0.0024411322,0.000025398465,0.00012147022,0.0002570776,0.0000790675,0.00001287363,0.0000022878614,0.00019870674],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874824,0.0005693122,0.00020717202,0.00014275048,0.00016787325,0.00016464498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988772,0.00047445364,0.0002131719,0.0001549512,0.00025734474,0.00002285811],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005574451,0.000093380346,0.000121265955,0.000024381816,0.0015646043,0.000044922628,0.0002935598,0.000035105164,0.0000063727603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009755061,0.00005280077,0.00004828321,0.00027206395,0.00043644212,0.000116755975,0.000027135851,0.000100444995,0.0000065027775],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020007561,0.0002883595,0.024288028,0.000011891561,0.000020450207,4.8945054e-8,0.48848376,0.000030014855,9.1202344e-7,0.47675833,0.0042775488,0.005820655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007901621,0.000018237468,0.12583764,0.000040877454,0.0000069146126,0.0000012086327,0.63578165,0.000020106587,0.000009501909,0.0067369384,0.23140064,0.0000672617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021447828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.024639493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5391124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025230067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007826857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973524},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061260895","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2012.740218","title":"Learning as sociocultural practice: Chinese immigrant professionals negotiating differences and identities in the Canadian labour market","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Higher Education Learning Practices","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Sociocultural evolution; Negotiation; Sociology; Citizen journalism; Political science; Public relations; Gender studies; Social science; Law","score_opus":0.03089028363644402,"score_gpt":0.42128691911739063,"score_spread":0.3903966354809466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2061260895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9006465,0.00061936735,8.908763e-7,0.054400463,0.0006506292,0.0004940926,5.7705137e-7,0.000018046887,0.04316944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97311205,0.00006658579,0.0001963821,0.00091751025,0.00033562852,0.00025919467,0.000008633405,0.000004777498,0.025099266],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.996547,0.0024706866,0.00019443169,0.0001873898,0.00035071373,0.00024977094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99730015,0.0017995188,0.00027522052,0.00008471656,0.0004218341,0.00011856142],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013400067,0.000113009984,0.00012948559,0.000096061645,0.0018000953,0.0010075179,0.00021824324,0.00006753713,0.00097445835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0029254183,0.000078695986,0.000017820312,0.00039070568,0.00021646639,0.0017991541,0.000016737653,0.00044459326,0.00016604742],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028890054,0.000086223125,0.3264728,0.000007241271,0.000009849147,2.2708105e-7,0.6494613,0.000008336282,0.0000070447068,0.015238631,0.008247216,0.00045821848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003517931,0.000011570633,0.531896,0.000019523752,0.000004401084,0.0000013304466,0.44543487,0.000026473375,3.232192e-7,0.0013461572,0.021156328,0.00006782316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5864952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.231913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35458225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018742122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002070048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2062190694","doi":"10.1080/03050060701556281","title":"Global governance, educational change","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Corporate governance; Political science; Comparative education; Economic growth; Public administration; Higher education; Economics; Management","score_opus":0.07817403260238506,"score_gpt":0.44950247064287,"score_spread":0.371328438040485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2062190694","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30064932,0.0016642517,0.000105399566,0.020393744,0.005221811,0.0004169722,0.000016817796,0.00004106284,0.6714906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814102,0.00006129473,0.00045408262,0.0014071264,0.003810625,0.000052769745,0.00004497211,0.0000033108545,0.012755622],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989705,0.00004257483,0.00017507155,0.0001689155,0.0003360708,0.00030687632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991725,0.00006735688,0.00012525274,0.00011703256,0.00031881136,0.0001990505],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003475745,0.00009515306,0.000100213365,0.000033909626,0.0004817868,0.000053809927,0.00020601998,0.00006175052,0.00048644788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086992106,0.00008502569,0.000048131602,0.0005763336,0.00022962228,0.00034226713,0.000018030583,0.000057962905,0.00030935387],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007372552,0.00028271717,0.024137847,0.000002830279,0.0000069447956,4.0775035e-8,0.011215928,0.0000012412926,0.0000033463484,0.83745515,0.116671786,0.010214767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000038841554,0.000008393345,0.49252906,0.0000096291105,0.000003152223,9.2999323e-7,0.00841857,9.129226e-7,0.0000072287125,0.01312984,0.48577508,0.00007836588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008629083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0066865315,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8243253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00080185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001443446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99797255},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069167124","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2013.834559","title":"The legitimation of OECD's global educational governance: examining PISA and AHELO test production","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Legitimation; Bureaucracy; Corporate governance; Test (biology); Global governance; Political science; Production (economics); Comparative education; Knowledge production; International education; Power (physics); Higher education; Sociology; Public administration; Economics; Politics; Management; Law","score_opus":0.030861625971521586,"score_gpt":0.37028999946263874,"score_spread":0.33942837349111715,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069167124","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8625887,0.001071858,0.000087217464,0.026961066,0.0031113278,0.00046614264,0.00001060512,0.000022551969,0.10568053],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99389154,0.00013215144,0.0003273091,0.00010637949,0.0011514344,0.00005499092,0.000020329095,0.000003021162,0.0043128706],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904895,0.00011720158,0.00021519914,0.00016745173,0.00028978154,0.000161423],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988531,0.00031838092,0.00026329723,0.00013371496,0.000358769,0.00007276828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048750098,0.000086145,0.000105317675,0.000018034201,0.000798018,0.0000825019,0.00014381524,0.00004121061,0.000036447273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008062535,0.00006270597,0.000021523778,0.00020827766,0.0004952383,0.0002924571,0.000019171772,0.000059936527,0.000028946351],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000097862385,0.00027795456,0.03906276,0.000018792482,0.000013074156,2.9251896e-9,0.013417985,0.00004919326,0.00021269337,0.8607477,0.054424126,0.031765964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008703111,0.00005627066,0.7881723,0.000045436864,0.000013016319,0.0000024061649,0.018549502,0.00008064316,0.00024534474,0.03730957,0.15530977,0.0001287413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011332073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072850956,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8234381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024949145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008995176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.613779},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101263650","doi":"10.1080/03050060802040938","title":"Mohammed Kazim Bacchus (1929–2007)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Sadness; Political science; Economic history; History; Psychology; Social psychology; Anger","score_opus":0.08008657074095259,"score_gpt":0.33986385130908237,"score_spread":0.25977728056812976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101263650","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.35860002,0.0010640661,0.000072942836,0.0013279486,0.0027503758,0.00019987868,0.0000035644498,0.000049634833,0.63593155],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88223344,0.00014061059,0.00015415406,0.0003063074,0.0008586952,0.000030139918,0.00001282019,0.0000037534576,0.116260104],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993302,0.000107518106,0.00010241817,0.00013318498,0.00017092146,0.00015572313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950063,0.00004270182,0.000057517034,0.00011142996,0.00013890884,0.00014878587],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011492766,0.00005133531,0.00009456375,0.00020010158,0.0013187594,0.00008606666,0.00013088528,0.00004279682,0.0021448496],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060481154,0.000070642614,0.000036444944,0.00026422378,0.0005044869,0.00023167056,0.000006528907,0.000079381076,0.0020884876],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004039405,0.00010273317,0.001284077,0.0000023194145,0.000005633001,8.795468e-7,0.066694796,0.0000026302007,0.00003009557,0.023743108,0.9065599,0.0015698158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000058551177,0.0000082592505,0.03383246,0.0000053547647,0.000004114548,0.0000014003608,0.006508429,0.000002681062,0.000016352657,0.0005205872,0.95895594,0.000085847336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13494207,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.29505202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5236334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007340418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0029618097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2101678570","doi":"10.1080/03050060120103856","title":"Curriculum Convergence: An ethno-historical investigation into schooling in Trinidad and Tobago","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Education Systems and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Curriculum; Ideology; Colonialism; Sociology; Curriculum theory; Humanism; State (computer science); Ideal (ethics); Curriculum development; Convergence (economics); Pedagogy; Epistemology; Political science; Law; Economic growth; Computer science; Politics; Economics","score_opus":0.13204958247452211,"score_gpt":0.42020762553345475,"score_spread":0.28815804305893267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2101678570","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98890924,0.001332526,0.000033565404,0.003945185,0.0013208984,0.00026983436,3.1156983e-7,0.000030197665,0.004158249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969325,0.00008068961,0.00038479702,0.00022497399,0.00079649745,0.00008150416,0.0000071270874,0.000004325632,0.001487578],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874824,0.0004352225,0.0002570819,0.00022361419,0.0001766727,0.0001591456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925303,0.00006404241,0.00012428006,0.00011967262,0.00017532476,0.00026363708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046553416,0.00008915233,0.00014894821,0.00017189434,0.0003274578,0.0000821602,0.00010954085,0.00008052188,0.00020556543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025794993,0.00009423024,0.000017227898,0.0005663206,0.000117064774,0.0005501668,0.000009683318,0.00013948743,0.00008654047],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000010550478,0.0001760285,0.6075526,0.000010194202,0.0000024864091,6.406812e-8,0.34225824,0.0000050735393,0.00008992193,0.027175235,0.020139888,0.002589255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048343494,0.0001241222,0.17411128,0.00015277232,0.000016387428,0.0000025344157,0.440044,0.0014734762,0.00022238173,0.009251648,0.37350333,0.00061465637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.041341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008123215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43344128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00057929737,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00038051826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96504277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133491015","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2011.554088","title":"Managing conduct: a comparative policy analysis of safe schools policies in Toronto, Canada and Buffalo, USA","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Education Discipline and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Policy analysis; State (computer science); Commission; Public administration; Sincerity; Public policy; Political science; Economic growth; Sociology; Social science; Economics; Law","score_opus":0.19856717546319663,"score_gpt":0.4707054711796639,"score_spread":0.27213829571646725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133491015","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86340076,0.0005006343,0.000025231891,0.0016293832,0.00018385243,0.00021872192,0.000015503005,0.0000060677976,0.13401987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983366,0.00007559675,0.00027564817,0.0002058382,0.00011353519,0.000039004288,0.000029288705,0.0000027321576,0.0009217621],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863833,0.0003475437,0.00037256838,0.00021757999,0.00021315485,0.00021085038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901533,0.00012142128,0.00024504086,0.00018205217,0.00030284683,0.0001333077],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003498625,0.000116808056,0.00038062563,0.0002612047,0.00019351777,0.0000313098,0.0001748266,0.000038180995,0.0006744469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010343593,0.00011863618,0.000040344985,0.0011906215,0.00021217839,0.0004352068,0.00003171827,0.00008852085,0.0000032215207],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014803208,0.00026410114,0.36747828,0.000011261666,0.00014765687,7.236915e-8,0.39341137,0.000019259307,0.00007257242,0.2331754,0.004992862,0.00041237625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000065348344,0.000013232422,0.66809285,0.000012352258,0.00005381017,6.229567e-8,0.32772943,0.000043429005,0.00023842308,0.0015193779,0.0021282188,0.00010348753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9916627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9968715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30061457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008668373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0038163448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73847204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2157672839","doi":"10.1080/03050060802264769","title":"Insecurity and desire: North American perspectives on education’s contested ground","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Diverse Education Studies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Capitalism; Politics; Rest (music); Economic history; Political science; Period (music); Social science; Sociology; History; Law; Art; Aesthetics","score_opus":0.09779600711697875,"score_gpt":0.38254432181010717,"score_spread":0.28474831469312845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2157672839","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9422208,0.00063640386,0.000011273381,0.0019419475,0.000924316,0.00034323265,0.000002758189,0.000043647397,0.053875633],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99390507,0.0009627698,0.0001875366,0.00041253233,0.0005488769,0.0000891321,0.000016174337,0.0000055631535,0.0038723722],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990317,0.000151566,0.00014366469,0.0002738269,0.00021987832,0.00017933485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896586,0.00012234907,0.00015656208,0.00013631082,0.00046517447,0.00015372128],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011230678,0.00012384349,0.00018443765,0.0001083982,0.001282562,0.00005732458,0.000114012015,0.000023189745,0.000047043104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012095799,0.00010533207,0.000033744196,0.00050686864,0.00088486954,0.0002621101,0.0000196375,0.0001134189,0.00007412911],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036467016,0.0018551232,0.16331472,0.0000068188483,0.000049980932,2.6163843e-7,0.64095885,0.0000014977636,0.0000040741875,0.14437391,0.032485787,0.016912535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007070789,0.00006109372,0.55933934,0.000006697362,0.00000579063,0.000001384214,0.38341752,0.0000012744331,0.0000050443327,0.0002605308,0.056718074,0.00011255979],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039683534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021720298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3960246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032365814,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017109845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98645604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160839971","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2011.637759","title":"Youth citizenship and the politics of belonging: introducing contexts, voices, imaginaries","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Children's Rights and Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Government; World Bank Group","keywords":"Politics; Citizenship; Media studies; Sociology; Performance studies; Library science; Political science; Law; Anthropology","score_opus":0.05943968410092439,"score_gpt":0.36626584072435614,"score_spread":0.30682615662343177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2160839971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97963524,0.0025413753,0.00032548228,0.0034931975,0.00059913046,0.0002549313,0.000005273077,0.000013584364,0.013131799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980758,0.000025658244,0.00014997406,0.000090505004,0.0008637215,0.0000116902675,0.00001736669,0.0000028727288,0.000762453],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916315,0.0003054255,0.00014744276,0.00008359795,0.00013028142,0.00017010806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992406,0.00029581576,0.00012728303,0.0001010467,0.00016731961,0.00006793362],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006334939,0.00006140109,0.00012895036,0.000038088237,0.00052999577,0.000056935576,0.00007105494,0.000023187302,0.00003144629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017817429,0.000041301155,0.000020952803,0.00012382404,0.0007747749,0.00019028106,0.000013846629,0.00006491373,0.000005760193],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010497982,0.000035250694,0.034057673,0.0000042187953,0.000011060122,2.9163199e-9,0.35995272,0.0000020036969,0.000011374211,0.6044309,0.0011475177,0.00033675303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014201012,0.00005670884,0.5001713,0.00012779947,0.0002790389,0.0000020887715,0.35127142,0.00013061483,0.0031454626,0.119070224,0.02389426,0.00043097726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014938641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018599573,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4853607,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000038214857,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017205178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40763527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2993018839","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2019.1701250","title":"An invitation to ‘negative’ comparative education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Educational Philosophies and Pedagogies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Perplexity; Geopolitics; Sociology; Comparative education; Surprise; Epistemology; Social science; Political science; Higher education; Law; Philosophy; Politics","score_opus":0.1660621836801803,"score_gpt":0.5046615228065812,"score_spread":0.33859933912640083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2993018839","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82521933,0.00017607496,0.00011279678,0.009082217,0.002890155,0.0012003317,0.000008927156,0.00007977514,0.16123039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9866166,0.000016479624,0.0026088036,0.0020529246,0.0013872491,0.0002871688,0.00017788976,0.000011901092,0.006840994],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980978,0.00049218157,0.0002904031,0.00043755997,0.00041300044,0.0002690653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997846,0.00035247693,0.00019518568,0.0003417304,0.00097276666,0.00029181121],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038973716,0.00019233502,0.00025884062,0.00027934866,0.00054775504,0.00020908957,0.00036378865,0.00008136103,0.0009105787],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012267756,0.00020596155,0.000052808045,0.00073166384,0.00015963407,0.0010996093,0.000022199076,0.00015353298,0.0020444784],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066828,0.0012932555,0.015577157,0.000019869382,0.00002742294,2.6428955e-8,0.3914955,0.00032622417,0.0017767622,0.5101303,0.0753825,0.0039041922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021637937,0.00033943495,0.14049083,0.00010465125,0.000024239678,7.50229e-7,0.45846608,0.000053230648,0.0013730284,0.081127934,0.31721213,0.00059129734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017589878,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015407285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4290023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041935386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0034062816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99873257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005972895","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2020.1723352","title":"A meta-review of typologies of global citizenship education","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Education and Multiculturalism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":331,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Neoliberalism (international relations); Reflexivity; Sociology; Global citizenship education; Citizenship; Conflation; Epistemology; Critical theory; Diversity (politics); The Imaginary; Gender studies; Social science; Political science; Politics; Anthropology; Citizenship education; Law; Philosophy; Psychoanalysis; Psychology","score_opus":0.3295916857632885,"score_gpt":0.4823281165490011,"score_spread":0.15273643078571258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005972895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.46036232,0.12064652,0.00007949106,0.092314616,0.0033587608,0.001823109,0.000061166735,0.000105026025,0.32124898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941364,0.001512106,0.0010957489,0.0026760492,0.00014708798,0.00006115555,0.000033074197,0.0000018546234,0.00033651676],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894977,0.00029187577,0.00029852524,0.00014370223,0.00021629641,0.00009980676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983235,0.00007215605,0.0003142188,0.00010934468,0.0010676791,0.00011308615],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019027862,0.00008916979,0.00032425948,0.000015393254,0.00007612955,0.000011683546,0.00019975903,0.00003882557,0.00055394217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008625435,0.00007361149,0.00012127838,0.0005415107,0.00023138996,0.00010271001,0.000016341906,0.00004585056,0.000039294366],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019737161,0.0005482374,0.002421945,0.0012165013,0.00041268536,2.6110156e-8,0.097594194,0.000003999112,0.00035565987,0.40052116,0.49300727,0.0038985654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036569583,0.00020031039,0.06795044,0.0016422309,0.0024399955,0.0000020053576,0.32465994,0.000009638475,0.0036369527,0.01064476,0.5878275,0.0006205124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009413105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000090971866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5337741,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000094847244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018832296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6065278},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022606509","doi":"10.5998/jces.2014.49_12","title":"Research Trends and Organizational Features of the Comparative and International Education Society of Canada (CIESC)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Comparative education; Political science; Social science; Economic growth; Higher education; Regional science; Sociology; Economics","score_opus":0.06479962574881246,"score_gpt":0.4304933391574257,"score_spread":0.36569371340861323,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022606509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8728102,0.00083899044,0.000014454938,0.023586895,0.0015330138,0.00020360369,0.000020538107,0.0000050295225,0.10098727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9830873,0.00005060085,0.00026470073,0.00021608172,0.0003001195,0.000012989554,0.000026760521,0.000002714018,0.016038744],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893254,0.00020319308,0.00017356533,0.00013637052,0.00042754764,0.00012678499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998146,0.00019033311,0.00015927649,0.00010070313,0.0013290838,0.00007458055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040314175,0.00007079689,0.00012712683,0.000072305105,0.0004844982,0.000033436292,0.00020197396,0.000042544394,0.00005739567],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013453393,0.000050206094,0.000024259325,0.00058781443,0.0007352843,0.000116835814,0.00005804166,0.00011564697,3.9679102e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010703935,0.00025639447,0.020121917,0.000023305192,0.00004262844,1.2911705e-9,0.06555814,0.000029021621,0.0003330206,0.4744405,0.43388474,0.005299649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009998572,0.000022173184,0.7374334,0.000046140558,0.000008095599,0.0000011553557,0.09807334,0.00006550315,0.00068219524,0.009598188,0.15388681,0.00008303466],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.15043083,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12096794,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71731144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021017005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003923342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8950721},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211322231","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2021.1983349","title":"The impact of school choice on school (re)segregation: settler-colonialism, critical geography and Bourdieu","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"School Choice and Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Saint-Boniface; University of Manitoba","funders":"University of Manitoba","keywords":"Colonialism; Indigenous; Sociology; Critical theory; Human geography; Social reproduction; School choice; Gender studies; Economic growth; Geography; Social science; Political science","score_opus":0.0639124433008976,"score_gpt":0.4550706716722486,"score_spread":0.39115822837135095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3211322231","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96377605,0.0021943103,0.000014800232,0.010200382,0.0007359636,0.00021770548,0.000010336758,0.000021827274,0.02282862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974521,0.0003118481,0.00010607317,0.0002863266,0.0010260952,0.000051829105,0.000016110946,0.0000051837887,0.0007444628],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986924,0.00036150118,0.00020888534,0.00021358885,0.00029356626,0.00023004865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978772,0.00097632257,0.00010493317,0.00023407496,0.0005774412,0.00023007365],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041823325,0.00011408952,0.00016145989,0.00006965968,0.0009396867,0.00022134869,0.00016717924,0.0000717164,0.00057475915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0015503647,0.000087511806,0.00008900862,0.0004930437,0.00042038137,0.00040173272,0.000023853903,0.00023340339,0.00009521936],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012932345,0.0005716071,0.7062932,0.000033984412,0.00013499754,8.166829e-7,0.017733898,0.000101676465,0.0005415745,0.04302325,0.22633503,0.005100621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019806495,0.00012200778,0.9440774,0.00007493175,0.000021986269,0.0000011705847,0.007829483,0.000053641837,0.0006658915,0.0055792956,0.041229296,0.00014688376],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010719388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011657289,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23778412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012528356,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0017492375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7227406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320713209","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2023.2173924","title":"Chinese school teachers’ imaginaries of being intellectuals","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Education and Multiculturalism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences","keywords":"Transformative learning; Pleasure; Ideology; Sociology; China; Technician; Pedagogy; Value (mathematics); Social science; Psychology; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.06110115804597299,"score_gpt":0.44677642570895837,"score_spread":0.3856752676629854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320713209","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9206149,0.00012665021,0.000014177397,0.0042656586,0.0013350092,0.00021472253,0.0000014096317,0.00008376,0.07334374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98631483,0.00004400226,0.0002611975,0.0001380433,0.00023352093,0.000036065336,0.000032920856,0.0000031386128,0.012936306],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992273,0.00018563202,0.00015292825,0.00012458551,0.00016693246,0.00014265253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99914014,0.00014495089,0.00008697756,0.00009949012,0.00042592172,0.000102534425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002886288,0.00007293507,0.00012294708,0.000105833475,0.00026654638,0.00005610532,0.00014664671,0.000032873006,0.0004569805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014617137,0.00006268091,0.00003832451,0.00082339265,0.00023054313,0.00025073183,0.000019023943,0.00007432615,0.0004874025],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003846997,0.00010203319,0.013195292,0.0000055083005,0.000012328125,4.3421828e-8,0.8304596,0.000009016913,0.0017191902,0.017199937,0.13612154,0.0011716656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012434159,0.000016761802,0.23174754,0.000039021314,0.00001218389,3.9612894e-7,0.50748223,0.000029479294,0.0008969505,0.0057550534,0.25373414,0.00016187032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015262623,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003061437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32297733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011083302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006118212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62647355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386610511","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2023.2241711","title":"Robert Cowen, Emeritus Professor of Comparative Education, Institute of Education, University College London","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Education and Multiculturalism","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Comparative education; Sociology; Higher education; Political science; Library science; Media studies; Law","score_opus":0.06390580232954106,"score_gpt":0.4027903465345649,"score_spread":0.33888454420502384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386610511","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9329563,0.00049346365,0.000025309284,0.004836342,0.0073430734,0.0013206633,0.000080360296,0.00008706543,0.052857466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9378796,0.00013367023,0.0007652054,0.00014349265,0.00024826586,0.000052941017,0.00034168834,0.000006756421,0.06042836],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981578,0.0004243363,0.0004490482,0.00033001616,0.0003798296,0.00025898396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956514,0.00012237747,0.0005535836,0.00029669868,0.0031653147,0.00021060983],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003288418,0.00019018666,0.0003992026,0.00034897143,0.00050706515,0.000020148167,0.00041805254,0.00011151629,0.00020429165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022649043,0.00020240131,0.00009654847,0.0022382129,0.0007038141,0.0006605451,0.00004677859,0.00013519461,0.00014634998],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051850675,0.0020307542,0.0028654162,0.00007815861,0.000057375477,9.095777e-8,0.20331545,0.000040084902,0.0010182955,0.36988866,0.41919038,0.0014634829],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022497927,0.00003444548,0.046009593,0.00013212119,0.00004218925,7.3860485e-7,0.3245625,0.00001741916,0.0016063381,0.00077035296,0.626401,0.00019833355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0073963827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0050141867,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3691183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041763464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.012479503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99921346},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391786606","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2024.2314907","title":"Unsettling the university: confronting the colonial foundations of US higher education","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cape Breton University","funders":"","keywords":"Colonialism; Sociology; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.053356755195355494,"score_gpt":0.3808207990129411,"score_spread":0.3274640438175856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391786606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7251851,0.0031314823,0.0007356849,0.07161559,0.013998004,0.0008600364,0.000008399086,0.0000888296,0.18437688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9504902,0.00006345213,0.00027789138,0.00034003676,0.00073405396,0.000025138881,0.000018794368,0.0000041679937,0.04804627],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991509,0.00022925739,0.0001463704,0.00014087326,0.00021658927,0.00011603197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991223,0.00032423512,0.00010886394,0.00013493975,0.0002743465,0.00003530946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036672925,0.00006734469,0.000076952245,0.000057155965,0.00086781516,0.00013777165,0.00022865979,0.00003275158,0.00049705076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033159824,0.00004833125,0.00003950469,0.0005965752,0.00027895227,0.0002575622,0.000017039632,0.00010951695,0.0001187272],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005240746,0.00011401453,0.0037749223,0.000011535633,0.000031812353,5.3943094e-8,0.11461289,0.000023626295,0.00007290302,0.7121997,0.16213225,0.007021056],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000025552656,0.000005632748,0.070109956,0.000054907305,0.00002285266,2.661451e-7,0.0204686,0.000018001168,0.00005841607,0.002601602,0.9065755,0.000058736936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021137649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080998975,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74444324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031127088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0050892862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90281755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398173867","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2024.2336371","title":"Data as the new panacea: trends in global education reforms, 1970–2018","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Panacea (medicine); Political science; Comparative education; Development economics; Economic growth; Higher education; Regional science; Economics; Sociology; Medicine","score_opus":0.10045027261534188,"score_gpt":0.47412529271343906,"score_spread":0.37367502009809717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398173867","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12769403,0.013008291,0.00003952913,0.14992748,0.011939603,0.00052239816,0.00007395911,0.000113208946,0.6966815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9182164,0.00021706594,0.00015807268,0.0011447673,0.0027076434,0.000041525185,0.0005147412,0.000006663049,0.0769931],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986867,0.00012428351,0.00024209332,0.00033553166,0.00033488547,0.00027655042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991535,0.0000579641,0.00007108574,0.0004575864,0.00010049328,0.00015936645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043538332,0.00013149186,0.00012821975,0.00012121519,0.00036945916,0.00029659236,0.0007050312,0.000076228906,0.00039723958],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009447518,0.000082931816,0.00004408609,0.0015543463,0.00022128742,0.00070143526,0.00008534232,0.00016440229,0.00052402675],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042949946,0.00013776934,0.00036149242,0.000004356971,0.000011446697,6.9079924e-8,0.015538558,0.000006213007,0.000002461485,0.2630424,0.6247567,0.09613426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037882448,0.000016468632,0.030194534,0.00005541977,0.000013254505,0.0000033049716,0.03913881,0.00005706332,0.000003715398,0.031990618,0.89837736,0.000111558766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05675452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.027640427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7905224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009621222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007898858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399770506","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2024.2366760","title":"Stretching spatial theories in comparative education: new approaches for challenging times","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Comparative education; Economic geography; Sociology; Political science; Positive economics; Regional science; Epistemology; Higher education; Economic growth; Economics","score_opus":0.12180029033619941,"score_gpt":0.42568918515642007,"score_spread":0.30388889482022063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399770506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47181863,0.02764577,0.0061678556,0.072064854,0.015324918,0.0034954487,0.00003974072,0.00029946063,0.40314332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98187876,0.0000649007,0.00075791904,0.00016949514,0.0027871255,0.00024585615,0.000108494685,0.000009894062,0.013977564],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987858,0.000121238,0.00026651213,0.00031723236,0.00021469836,0.0002945068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992581,0.00027278904,0.000079609614,0.00012554356,0.00012044505,0.00014349323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003400263,0.00017038951,0.00022797158,0.00019899425,0.0004468134,0.0002700263,0.00021273734,0.00007836314,0.00011886796],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005966987,0.00014432242,0.00008029893,0.0004498692,0.00019405392,0.0005839979,0.000021990923,0.00016030256,0.000058793896],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009554376,0.00018386428,0.00018201976,0.000029813804,0.000020563331,2.8534549e-8,0.15632707,0.00027087404,0.0000035470218,0.7951159,0.027712671,0.020144092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012807896,0.000048645685,0.0037043549,0.00025936478,0.00002227192,0.0000013262302,0.34527013,0.0024767646,0.00013143138,0.27098244,0.37666887,0.00030630853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006551255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029104722,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52413344,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043686214,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0050156936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9903582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401071144","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2024.2372208","title":"Education and choice in the United Kingdom: measuring school choice policies in England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland (1980–2020)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"School Choice and Performance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Kingdom; Northern ireland; School choice; Political science; Economic growth; Geography; Sociology; Ethnology; Economics; Law","score_opus":0.09123803605151355,"score_gpt":0.38689940964489883,"score_spread":0.2956613735933853,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401071144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9871702,0.0046411185,0.00000530281,0.003799061,0.00058733154,0.00038121798,0.000002123818,0.000026813,0.003386784],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972648,0.00040408492,0.000027484226,0.00030524895,0.0013886262,0.00010795149,0.00003213348,0.0000074993054,0.00046217808],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875855,0.00034787823,0.00020742815,0.00025255833,0.00021960349,0.00021399897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990483,0.00057626294,0.00005751004,0.0001291347,0.00010027126,0.00008853888],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007172335,0.00013072771,0.00013911421,0.00031836022,0.00031003018,0.00037349056,0.00016709416,0.000070759525,0.00001942082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003324652,0.00010451615,0.000016030423,0.0010844538,0.00013207358,0.0005688844,0.000021207454,0.00032864138,0.0000286338],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009025829,0.00008589906,0.9111692,0.00004422621,0.0000064491187,2.9305522e-7,0.08188105,0.000015677295,0.00005140445,0.0013735334,0.0010173988,0.004345874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019610279,0.000017278198,0.78858304,0.00024876432,0.000011103003,0.0000038212797,0.013385576,0.0001722026,0.000012105217,0.00039894786,0.19684292,0.00012813778],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.051035892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2896445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23860861,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017558935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008343963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95528334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407742575","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2025.2463810","title":"‘Your rent is due, higher education’: beyond apologies and towards reparations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Political science; Political economy; Higher education; Sociology; Economic growth; Public administration; Economics; Law","score_opus":0.08479973840216604,"score_gpt":0.3399919532848711,"score_spread":0.25519221488270505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407742575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48689783,0.013813603,0.00053969224,0.011435407,0.0038962234,0.0003443936,0.000044011726,0.000056972756,0.48297188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91371334,0.0004403969,0.0012317935,0.0026214004,0.00027165245,0.00016319742,0.00005835828,0.00000872975,0.08149116],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890935,0.000023607245,0.00043600568,0.00042591518,0.000029780897,0.00017533348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991977,0.00004319094,0.00024620394,0.0003382484,0.00012026154,0.000054352804],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012362521,0.00016281423,0.0003288418,0.0002963659,0.00024863772,0.000121078214,0.00014455224,0.00008911448,0.00041126306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001786639,0.00018607709,0.000056451227,0.00037282234,0.00011786312,0.00028791156,0.000046283443,0.000119334516,0.00019473869],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007836455,0.0002709507,0.0072199204,0.000024517016,0.000031508484,7.803561e-8,0.0043378053,0.000005403235,0.00002530722,0.6864331,0.29912472,0.00251886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014553992,0.000025231604,0.21452159,0.000031110132,0.000010224566,0.0000015177475,0.000609233,0.0000525707,0.0003214756,0.051555857,0.7325438,0.00018183593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033516032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028982166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6348772,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014920962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00039812567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7588004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412019446","doi":"10.1080/03050068.2025.2524915","title":"From comparison to complexity: the trans-continuous path of poetry education","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Comparative Education","topic":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Poetry; Path (computing); Political science; Sociology; Literature; Computer science; Art","score_opus":0.10349811206849976,"score_gpt":0.4617299375474124,"score_spread":0.35823182547891264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412019446","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9089039,0.0004972055,0.006097036,0.007093301,0.007363607,0.00075971195,0.000030004378,0.000038697308,0.06921654],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98990595,0.0000030048195,0.00060953776,0.001842467,0.00023881094,0.0002432391,0.00006294142,0.0000067283013,0.007087321],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998528,0.0003381807,0.00040335982,0.00038475404,0.00016884218,0.000176846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998454,0.0004148197,0.00019785033,0.0005892309,0.00026501933,0.00007912559],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019424398,0.0001577765,0.00030035217,0.00020017363,0.00019269942,0.0000534406,0.00043760482,0.00005511098,0.0006265507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008578433,0.00013390137,0.00006534309,0.00086365495,0.00026642028,0.0000900268,0.000030342926,0.00018100141,0.00014722974],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020113752,0.0066575552,0.08107935,0.000024659405,0.00007213427,6.098449e-8,0.1555979,0.000026240941,0.013440971,0.103789225,0.5858179,0.05329289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023521902,0.00010731462,0.74185365,0.00010669404,0.000045607496,0.000001357502,0.100390956,0.000057553534,0.008203359,0.004800794,0.14400555,0.00019193302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00096442964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013204337,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6607743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008554731,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00077540724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6860291},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}