{"meta":{"query_hash":"97dff103ef48","filters":{"venue":"Ecosphere"},"cohort_total":644,"direct_labels_cover":1,"predictions_cover":644,"exported":644,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/97dff103ef48","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Ecosphere"},"results":[{"id":"W1743529295","doi":"10.1890/es14-00399.1","title":"Thermal stress increases fluctuating asymmetry in marine mussels: environmental variation and developmental instability","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Bowdoin College","keywords":"Fluctuating asymmetry; Intertidal zone; Mussel; Biology; Ecology; Habitat; Environmental stress; Instability; Zoology; Environmental science","score_opus":0.0314752174553138,"score_gpt":0.24873610214954242,"score_spread":0.2172608846942286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1743529295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852015,0.000043185366,0.0004441728,0.00003516054,0.000042043288,0.00019815323,0.000027281923,0.00003907013,0.013969457],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9316484,0.0000046910814,0.06809327,0.000042918167,0.000046886013,0.000018317547,0.000032941025,0.000013106713,0.00009950319],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989516,0.00011656824,0.0003154318,0.00025213015,0.00017881577,0.00018544596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999375,0.00028283295,0.00009447627,0.00013309842,0.000011694246,0.00010292789],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048367213,0.000143166,0.00018661986,0.000026943226,0.000063079286,0.00003610528,0.00009108251,0.0000940191,0.0015960501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00060162344,0.00012417357,0.000023832445,0.00012296072,0.000034471497,0.0001819722,0.00020875264,0.00014601984,0.000046875703],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009340779,0.0020372295,0.92955637,0.00010961475,0.00007397189,0.00005106119,0.0027261982,0.00008670498,0.0024857977,0.008285686,0.0018549738,0.052639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011505008,0.0000648419,0.9836704,0.000024065512,0.000015171915,0.0000112548405,0.00279173,0.0014294523,0.0005965331,0.009831828,0.00016365279,0.0002505297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032833836,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001941819,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0676491,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017070258,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039900486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99931663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1750134442","doi":"10.1890/es14-00383.1","title":"Characterizing demographic parameters across environmental gradients: a case study with Ontario moose (<i>Alces alces</i>)","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; University of Alberta; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Carrying capacity; Population; Ecology; Vital rates; Population growth; Habitat; Productivity; Geography; Ungulate; Overexploitation; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.01719082869635042,"score_gpt":0.22002297711981317,"score_spread":0.20283214842346275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1750134442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977141,0.000021246946,0.000022635697,0.000118377386,0.00018885802,0.0005387775,0.000009565857,0.000058527174,0.0013279022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997406,0.0000025311574,0.00067590136,0.00068771886,0.000018611436,0.00010204836,0.0000148158815,0.0000224039,0.0010699595],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99840856,0.00010676196,0.00024932245,0.0005032605,0.0002794945,0.00045258336],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992311,0.00003751298,0.0001492388,0.00034150662,0.000004326415,0.00023633758],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034103353,0.00024293983,0.00020887498,0.0000128169095,0.000342712,0.000065802255,0.00022094176,0.00009087242,0.0012851265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010123896,0.00021102303,0.00005344672,0.00018109308,0.00023512407,0.00078070676,0.00017503339,0.00023878462,0.00077440235],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010150237,0.0005159608,0.98511887,0.0000013893949,0.000057431196,0.0013417548,0.010026569,0.00019162953,0.000030799994,7.3394165e-7,0.0012021554,0.001411189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014197652,0.00088597054,0.9773145,0.0000073160695,0.00004856274,0.000846348,0.01645946,0.00010581498,0.000030827712,0.00004756505,0.0025127328,0.0003211817],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026779044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.39100185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3642228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003650072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000259825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996278},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1751582198","doi":"10.1890/es15-00281.1","title":"A priori prediction of an extreme crash in 2015 for a population network of the alpine butterfly, <i>Parnassius smintheus</i>","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Overwintering; Butterfly; Population; Climate change; Population growth; Population model; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.04240436660549761,"score_gpt":0.2512051571743826,"score_spread":0.20880079056888495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1751582198","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892992,0.00006869535,0.00011312299,0.0002324755,0.00026118438,0.00033135968,0.00011847472,0.000013584068,0.009561903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991857,0.000009700981,0.00020489325,0.000050735875,0.000055450164,0.000023526187,0.00006825887,0.0000075544913,0.00039421362],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992487,0.000039015456,0.00023597722,0.00013785822,0.0001889024,0.00014955869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995547,0.0000117110885,0.00015404366,0.00020720494,0.000020026542,0.000052330695],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026843275,0.00007226787,0.00011796769,0.0000036525328,0.000031212545,0.0000065897743,0.00014939303,0.00005663427,0.003658125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046413974,0.000056229863,0.000040778592,0.0001855397,0.000050050625,0.0001307673,0.000067421584,0.000045393404,0.000030293138],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015539478,0.0003914269,0.54394823,0.00003405101,0.00001144614,6.5788737e-7,0.0005760724,0.004764791,0.0028512012,0.00032566054,0.4368674,0.010073694],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00070754637,0.00013019603,0.9781248,0.000023992163,0.000010160749,0.0000016599771,0.00044136506,0.0030018052,0.0006346433,0.0005640965,0.016294664,0.000065100634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009742038,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0060678395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43417656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023647606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010193541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99725264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1759410687","doi":"10.1890/es14-00485.1","title":"The next generation of <i>action ecology</i>: novel approaches towards global ecological research","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Northern Arizona University","keywords":"Ecology; Action (physics); Ecological systems theory; Work (physics); Environmental resource management; Biology; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.5942852668241639,"score_gpt":0.3740711675777299,"score_spread":0.22021409924643404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1759410687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7345504,0.000064777676,0.00006411693,0.0011574143,0.00023122554,0.0001371808,0.000019582709,0.000016754339,0.2637585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986183,0.00005101877,0.00017427979,0.00006835617,0.00007556166,0.000033624758,0.000029239809,0.0000035160115,0.00094606867],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989571,0.00010084166,0.00015124002,0.00018660729,0.00034966235,0.00025454047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960256,0.00003913372,0.000054056763,0.00017539773,0.000034907236,0.00009396631],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084773166,0.000068996604,0.000081384154,0.0000029446685,0.00022188567,0.00005131694,0.00021643363,0.00009979417,0.014853471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017631175,0.000047101705,0.000037038357,0.00024270276,0.00030444434,0.0001292778,0.0001846358,0.00011343964,0.0018498393],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058101698,0.0005049916,0.011827575,0.000005038009,0.000014707555,0.0000018794378,0.00016653123,0.0004861003,0.004784408,0.012432155,0.9490435,0.02067497],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083050795,0.00044140892,0.6719805,0.0000021991812,0.000010907409,0.000018116938,0.011187663,0.0064425673,0.0034830465,0.0012485598,0.30415496,0.0001995954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023422208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064781373,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6601529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008362181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033800596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1867148872","doi":"10.1890/es14-00162.1","title":"Effects of subsidies from spawning chum and pink salmon on juvenile coho salmon body size and migration timing","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Raincoast Conservation Foundation; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Raincoast Conservation Foundation","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Juvenile; Fishery; Biology; STREAMS; Chinook wind; Habitat; Fish migration; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Ecology","score_opus":0.008231828448532931,"score_gpt":0.2037791363350046,"score_spread":0.19554730788647168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1867148872","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804335,0.00032676954,0.000028650089,0.000353563,0.00011035101,0.00017966445,0.0000019860188,0.000025148613,0.018540345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980403,0.00015173346,0.00066386606,0.00018106417,0.000024578418,0.00001476238,0.0000032807668,0.000007638344,0.00091277173],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994002,0.00003724449,0.000112975875,0.00021648679,0.00009993318,0.00013315096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957687,0.0002162877,0.000075045326,0.00008302521,0.0000041309318,0.00004462211],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012124204,0.000104838866,0.00016394148,0.0000067230612,0.00010680529,0.000012637967,0.000051550975,0.000051712963,0.0002233415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000121995625,0.00009618187,0.000013768252,0.000045772576,0.00011015454,0.00013533304,0.00015347147,0.000060970142,0.000081056714],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016631819,0.00015859111,0.76532906,0.00011475494,0.000104670755,0.000029221022,0.0037816404,0.00023620551,0.0040717865,0.00015201163,0.22301874,0.0028369722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005149524,0.00026667336,0.99097824,0.000039167116,0.000041058025,5.2127007e-7,0.00040695386,0.00030695277,0.0034554384,0.0013398613,0.0025320475,0.00011816169],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048388753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032504376,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22564912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034558536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022217591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39221832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1910781214","doi":"10.1890/es15-00167.1","title":"Effects of in‐channel beaver impoundments on mercury bioaccumulation in Rocky Mountain stream food webs","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Acadia University; University of Regina; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","keywords":"Beaver; Periphyton; Food web; Bioaccumulation; Environmental science; Nutrient; Invertebrate; STREAMS; Ecology; Ecosystem; Mercury (programming language); Biogeochemical cycle; Castor canadensis; Biology","score_opus":0.015199214901790698,"score_gpt":0.21970309462331256,"score_spread":0.20450387972152187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1910781214","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99293256,0.00006240773,0.000003768652,0.00011166037,0.00010234251,0.00020242251,0.0000058762967,0.000008617401,0.0065703425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996122,0.000014162994,0.000056913676,0.000093047616,0.000008626053,0.0000067387477,0.0000044337417,0.0000031016298,0.00020076698],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993739,0.000046990946,0.000116890726,0.00017500769,0.00012425265,0.00016294814],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976873,0.0000600931,0.00005134707,0.00007849911,0.0000041840694,0.00003714116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012913524,0.00008818475,0.0001270115,0.000020237305,0.000035950074,0.0000033912386,0.000097935525,0.00008166206,0.00014420363],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040342544,0.00008188249,0.000022528115,0.00014449024,0.000052888667,0.00012430713,0.0001315857,0.00008056597,0.00045210705],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065077744,0.00029172833,0.9877139,0.00001332296,0.000013071107,0.000010341382,0.0007789518,0.0024319976,0.000099445184,0.000015223127,0.008168606,0.00039836427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012432608,0.0005327658,0.99403954,0.000020897978,0.000007420995,3.5395362e-7,0.00057895295,0.00033242474,0.0019450713,0.0009400014,0.0002506733,0.0001086546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035231828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0049758106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007917933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024411155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006116468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5811072},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1932633440","doi":"10.1890/es14-00209.1","title":"Inter‐laboratory variation in the chemical analysis of acidic forest soil reference samples from eastern North America","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Soil water; Soil carbon; Soil test; Cation-exchange capacity; Soil science; Range (aeronautics); Soil pH; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.028347289615343222,"score_gpt":0.21822537123753444,"score_spread":0.18987808162219122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1932633440","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.998651,0.00007681097,0.000013177642,0.00017415523,0.000030382778,0.000048038066,0.00012610928,0.000014299684,0.000865983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993837,0.000009509799,0.000054778287,0.00017005047,0.00005096362,0.00000776898,0.0003126371,5.9043913e-7,0.000010037082],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926794,0.00008972871,0.00018286367,0.00016743942,0.00017479932,0.0001172176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995519,0.00013899148,0.00010505466,0.000082155464,0.00007217293,0.00004973967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011145606,0.00008322709,0.00017610399,0.000007692227,0.00001781446,0.000023317145,0.00027093414,0.00005725585,0.00026166462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007156598,0.00003059299,0.00006463865,0.0008307979,0.0000506921,0.00005709141,0.000034027456,0.00009428316,0.000033933433],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007297243,0.0001611605,0.9783722,0.0000024259841,0.00015743784,0.000003932864,0.0021467954,0.0005669678,0.0050532403,0.000054995966,0.000545363,0.012862513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009319388,0.000060645387,0.98027253,0.000004540856,0.00008766279,1.100115e-7,0.0020434193,0.01657524,0.00011585634,0.0003433525,0.0003115101,0.00009195135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008674664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.10340026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.094725594,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023605884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013762786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99792665},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1943880061","doi":"10.1890/es14-00314.1","title":"Linking northern fur seal dive behavior to environmental variables in the eastern Bering Sea","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Dalhousie University; Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Foraging; Fur seal; Groundfish; Seascape; Context (archaeology); Fishery; Covariate; Harbor seal; Bathymetry; Habitat; Bycatch; Environmental science; Ecology; Geography; Phoca; Fishing; Biology; Statistics; Fisheries management; Cartography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.023593441691671282,"score_gpt":0.22739555161688033,"score_spread":0.20380210992520903,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1943880061","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94203734,0.00012419031,0.000020331037,0.00025203434,0.000080711,0.0003568736,0.000009535234,0.000020241887,0.05709876],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99803525,0.000014156004,0.00050687534,0.0005858147,0.00008121356,0.000086633016,0.0000063237803,0.000019283158,0.0006644435],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986956,0.00006612892,0.00018722472,0.00031573037,0.00039072149,0.0003446107],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995378,0.000030093435,0.000048582402,0.0002604088,0.0000022478646,0.000120817924],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033027126,0.00016640355,0.00014703136,0.0000059965396,0.00011075994,0.000042058575,0.0004428102,0.0000443418,0.0020999408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001554902,0.0001292909,0.000043697808,0.0001422019,0.000045292618,0.00015057341,0.00092648977,0.00015806955,0.0042566364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009458396,0.000096319316,0.9787484,0.0000039081733,0.0000051695906,0.00004032651,0.0018432185,0.00066939136,0.0000462845,0.0000057386624,0.001478423,0.01705336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026940534,0.000106533356,0.95275664,0.000016387754,0.000016926628,0.000009751129,0.0015209521,0.00033015897,0.000022120024,0.00004971198,0.044694655,0.00020675396],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005023402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06399475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058971345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032920152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006809584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99881226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1963729041","doi":"10.1890/es12-00338.1","title":"Tropical phenology: bi‐annual rhythms and interannual variation in an Afrotropical butterfly assemblage","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Butterfly; Phenology; Abundance (ecology); Species richness; Ecology; Rainforest; Seasonality; Vegetation (pathology); Altitude (triangle); Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.018182823417897637,"score_gpt":0.203935001045792,"score_spread":0.18575217762789437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1963729041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968157,0.00015138756,0.000005056997,0.001717377,0.000053294065,0.00013931683,0.000027862252,0.000045530094,0.0010444911],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991043,0.000036839778,0.00012975522,0.00021181017,0.00028962205,0.000023426026,0.000009925568,8.2978954e-7,0.00019347265],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918956,0.0000647839,0.00016216049,0.00025564682,0.00008123494,0.00024661847],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997654,0.000074791395,0.00003484178,0.00001904472,0.000031394047,0.000074532836],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037334514,0.00011824365,0.00017168967,0.0000038366807,0.00009278045,0.0000692054,0.000104322164,0.000105811174,0.0011001566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023202738,0.00004748837,0.000027107248,0.00009079427,0.000042360567,0.00029815306,0.000076149816,0.00013653596,0.00021379393],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019437482,0.000560172,0.5744537,0.000018248187,0.0000500838,0.00007159678,0.0019106831,0.000003579717,0.22344203,0.0027681834,0.01968572,0.17684159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016229757,0.00038706584,0.9953692,0.000009310974,0.0000031690538,0.00000845479,0.00053357467,0.0002057708,0.000058317688,0.00073598506,0.0024007238,0.0001261136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039988934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00864314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42091548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014639581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022875975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972491229","doi":"10.1890/es13-00259.1","title":"Intermittent breeding in the absence of a large cost of reproduction: evidence for a non‐migratory, iteroparous salmonid","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Western University","funders":"Mitacs; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Semelparity and iteroparity; Biology; Reproduction; Salvelinus; Ecology; Trout; Population; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Demography","score_opus":0.026287387999645515,"score_gpt":0.27084662564556633,"score_spread":0.2445592376459208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972491229","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909459,0.000094837844,0.00026153788,0.0014191344,0.00013939217,0.0008587662,0.000002804341,0.0000069783696,0.00627066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99825263,0.000066116656,0.00039768577,0.00029092666,0.000022802695,0.0002605896,5.500928e-7,0.000004255211,0.00070443336],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992466,0.000027783053,0.00022206885,0.00022924422,0.00010281388,0.00017147773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994771,0.00011290848,0.00012973591,0.00025326246,0.00001375016,0.000013241668],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047304964,0.00007506405,0.00013448388,0.000009580679,0.000068774374,0.000007199417,0.00026367712,0.000028038346,0.0011931751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013153668,0.000055451703,0.0000414956,0.000121428304,0.00012669792,0.00023686785,0.00016955474,0.000062030675,0.00015084786],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032752014,0.00018040893,0.56826174,0.00009544513,0.000020179827,0.0000025136844,0.0022132876,0.00011841005,0.0007560581,0.00008630026,0.42462382,0.0036090545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021591241,0.00020866781,0.99290514,0.00007020592,0.000008681034,0.0000024840247,0.0018028256,0.00054892135,0.0004524881,0.00027974858,0.003433155,0.00007178757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029836857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031400726,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42464337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003873256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032713908,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974080081","doi":"10.1890/es14-00010.1","title":"Distribution of barren‐ground caribou during winter in response to fire","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Habitat; Ecology; Geography; Range (aeronautics); Vegetation (pathology); Predation; Lichen; Environmental science; Forage; Physical geography; Biology","score_opus":0.004587937486246884,"score_gpt":0.19919086702822994,"score_spread":0.19460292954198305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974080081","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99675536,0.0000049893847,0.00013271229,0.00090233196,0.000083060164,0.00008504884,0.000006525975,0.000011273911,0.0020186983],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985881,6.8766593e-7,0.000082397964,0.00015573272,0.000015949277,0.000011449888,0.000009593513,0.000004007443,0.0011321168],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994246,0.0000917775,0.000138003,0.00014469272,0.00007020098,0.00013075098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999725,0.00005904273,0.000034801567,0.0001384998,0.0000039194188,0.000038736478],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027633205,0.00005654222,0.00007964531,0.000004828026,0.000045150122,0.0000053784975,0.00009548665,0.000055249508,0.002213164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001424041,0.000057988895,0.000020729418,0.00012733498,0.000035581073,0.000104259896,0.000068398425,0.00006180267,0.0005844398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003313027,0.00004303781,0.97953993,0.0000058332307,0.000002893007,0.0000025640948,0.00028480552,0.0014748507,0.002129939,0.000033500994,0.014050088,0.0021012677],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022157088,0.00005640623,0.9939414,0.000013642949,0.0000018900029,0.000001353039,0.00004292763,0.00038499045,0.00048730965,0.00012472454,0.004659876,0.00006390147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033023808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022910014,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01440149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013027366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005703405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99869895},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980262363","doi":"10.1890/es14-00198.1","title":"Connecting people and ideas from around the world: global innovation platforms for next‐generation ecology and beyond","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Montréal; Cégep Marie-Victorin","funders":"International Social Science Council; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK; Institute for New Economic Thinking","keywords":"Ecology; Geography; Environmental resource management; Biology; Environmental science","score_opus":0.050862717717753116,"score_gpt":0.26317638753623906,"score_spread":0.21231366981848596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1980262363","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98176205,0.000115165785,0.0020167264,0.0021549393,0.00048037272,0.0003148112,0.0000041557632,0.000062598716,0.013089205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99429184,0.0000024435813,0.0029106783,0.0017832858,0.0006941925,0.00005336952,0.00011783286,0.000009472462,0.00013685766],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936414,0.00000462917,0.00020596429,0.00019808662,0.000071033624,0.00015614872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994938,0.000054765645,0.00017093598,0.000082805615,0.00019254872,0.0000051541883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005049092,0.00010910737,0.0001323563,0.000037936643,0.00040673805,0.00019370396,0.00009056448,0.000107716594,0.00003236813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002620988,0.00008584715,0.000010985337,0.0006077539,0.000049563143,0.00058220746,0.0001439392,0.000097362295,0.000015999081],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029864406,0.000022743017,0.032549642,0.000016422953,0.00004643398,6.073281e-7,0.00032937093,0.000016185468,0.000037812253,0.9313877,0.016846402,0.01871682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013524255,0.00003069567,0.04685664,0.000010231794,0.000042643675,0.000002662249,0.00984821,0.018909229,0.00010359691,0.8837355,0.03880133,0.00030682393],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013593568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007614543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04765219,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057318495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002672571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42490938},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1981550238","doi":"10.1890/es10-00174.1","title":"Climatic variability regulates the occurrence and extent of large fires in the subalpine forests of the Canadian Rockies","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Mitsui and Company; Parks Canada","keywords":"Pacific decadal oscillation; Precipitation; Environmental science; El Niño Southern Oscillation; Climate change; Climatology; Fire regime; Climatic variability; Montane ecology; Ecology; Physical geography; Geography; Ecosystem; Geology; Biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.008899282118790658,"score_gpt":0.1997918498530231,"score_spread":0.19089256773423244,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981550238","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930744,0.00014790088,0.0000022739962,0.00025332582,0.00007860325,0.00046712646,0.000043120843,0.0000037008972,0.0059295218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998383,0.000006331594,0.000040396666,0.000054242853,0.0000051609004,0.00002311021,0.0000010367069,0.0000038137355,0.00002760863],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894446,0.0002726248,0.000229837,0.00015063057,0.00018687808,0.00021554445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990917,0.00023271219,0.00012350528,0.00050774106,0.0000073439073,0.00003699271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012100618,0.00009189082,0.00013286485,0.00000548151,0.00013033724,0.000010900638,0.00049874734,0.0000424775,0.0008408223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002164289,0.00004305617,0.000038038703,0.00018952329,0.00023138487,0.00008154271,0.00012599475,0.000102755745,0.000020910307],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000057871252,0.000065280015,0.9909004,0.00007374694,0.000005946061,0.0000010584587,0.004079655,0.000042808053,0.000046332494,0.00035868635,0.0029487167,0.0014715691],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000995736,0.000034156554,0.9938989,0.00004592855,0.000008007438,0.0000035604828,0.00024605516,0.003088763,0.00040184485,0.0018012582,0.00031919245,0.00005275219],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.16283071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.88006693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7172362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068575166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025726284,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9206415},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983753771","doi":"10.1890/es14-00319.1","title":"Responses of a desert nematode community to changes in water availability","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Nematode management and characterization studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecology; Precipitation; Ecosystem; Water content; Abundance (ecology); Soil water; Bacterivore; Environmental science; Moisture; Arid; Nematode; Biology; Chemistry; Geography","score_opus":0.07649192162965215,"score_gpt":0.26176629218239494,"score_spread":0.1852743705527428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983753771","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99095297,0.000024657666,8.974962e-7,0.0029995164,0.000038150087,0.0001493613,0.0000060294306,0.000025330997,0.0058030915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978426,0.0000067788665,0.00003440516,0.00026716126,0.000021109778,0.000019682611,0.000013938362,4.9263815e-7,0.0017938246],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939454,0.00015656643,0.0001326523,0.000089575784,0.000096286065,0.00013038666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997322,0.000070319315,0.000027017551,0.00006499579,0.00005779565,0.000047697293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000445545,0.00006687792,0.00014329684,0.0000057966868,0.000059757887,0.000015725082,0.00015784014,0.00002574464,0.0006622167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000071521725,0.000022946017,0.000019370102,0.00016076377,0.000022691582,0.00005310808,0.00019061142,0.000053670505,0.00016446928],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009473611,0.0009889799,0.44000146,0.0001538963,0.000050190934,0.000011003097,0.014821136,0.000021858003,0.4441821,0.00031537618,0.07075294,0.027753716],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025334596,0.00033889752,0.89886194,0.000044678767,0.0000057182588,7.8172644e-7,0.009263594,0.000011527406,0.041756254,0.0008882977,0.048378494,0.00019647642],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050376984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01827589,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4588605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013679469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020127331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999658755","doi":"10.1890/es14-00204.1","title":"Quantifying land use effects on forested riparian buffer vegetation structure using LiDAR data","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"University of Lethbridge; Pennsylvania State University; University of Pennsylvania","keywords":"Riparian zone; Transect; Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Riparian buffer; Watershed; Lidar; Land cover; Buffer zone; Land use; Hydrology (agriculture); Remote sensing; Riparian forest; Vegetation type; Grassland; Ecology; Geography; Habitat; Geology","score_opus":0.07956134515964956,"score_gpt":0.2951937532636624,"score_spread":0.2156324081040128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999658755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935225,0.00003062608,0.0013297978,0.000090982525,0.00019230232,0.00020830742,0.000012419114,0.000055403092,0.0045576375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98643357,0.0000012053093,0.013056653,0.00013134691,0.00009758053,5.165465e-7,0.000095032425,0.000020432428,0.00016365864],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990838,0.00006248832,0.000119610864,0.00033853,0.00021542262,0.00018013574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999069,0.000072376904,0.00006703078,0.00066519965,0.000009181244,0.00011722843],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011959681,0.00011922751,0.000106836604,0.00000967503,0.00013463265,0.000106198175,0.00021803986,0.00007677673,0.00009268952],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010696452,0.000103488754,0.00001781125,0.00015996766,0.00003416809,0.00032463289,0.00012309814,0.00012524682,0.0005039611],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020853078,0.0003310568,0.50969136,0.00015883608,0.00015319561,0.0000926735,0.0034189343,0.14402795,0.061979573,0.0004889536,0.1157309,0.16371807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013057922,0.00012327883,0.67415136,0.00014465801,0.00008520406,0.000034316396,0.000098763005,0.27120548,0.006775403,0.0010336675,0.04448381,0.000558279],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010530107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003368306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009745816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001584062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6477569},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001143107","doi":"10.1890/es13-00325.1","title":"Wildfire and the effects of shifting stream temperature on salmonids","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Southwest Fisheries Science Center; National Institutes of Health; Simon Fraser University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Predation; Rainbow trout; Oncorhynchus; Ecology; Bioenergetics; Energetics; Ecosystem; Biomass (ecology); Trout; Biology; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.0012011456115376042,"score_gpt":0.16372090731261246,"score_spread":0.16251976170107485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001143107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9598242,0.00015315677,0.00000349322,0.00021174178,0.00021522694,0.00033113125,0.0000010256689,0.000032621145,0.03922737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99896777,0.00001067423,0.00009932775,0.00020497534,0.00006849241,0.000019403467,9.704635e-7,0.000017775514,0.000610627],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990521,0.0001919009,0.00014177474,0.00023159794,0.00020022805,0.00018240258],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988224,0.00071974786,0.000087483,0.00031290817,0.0000020743857,0.00005537273],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038898786,0.00013744232,0.00020131074,0.000004746767,0.00011493838,0.000028378294,0.00018379067,0.000077514866,0.00020424614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028818302,0.0000842608,0.000046278452,0.00010680263,0.00015398042,0.00007890953,0.00008897239,0.0001573378,0.00028911815],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005562862,0.00056547223,0.25966078,0.0013586229,0.0002091484,0.000040965027,0.0057634367,0.0009212046,0.055806603,0.0048552025,0.16622113,0.50404114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005807317,0.001400491,0.928825,0.0008168059,0.00007445171,0.000025078978,0.000180555,0.017531661,0.027765365,0.0012153025,0.015681366,0.00067657663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041930072,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022168322,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66916424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034178203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027245064,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37161252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001345772","doi":"10.1890/es11-00298.1","title":"Spatial bottom‐up controls on fire likelihood vary across western North America","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Joint Fire Science Program","keywords":"Fire history; Environmental science; Geography; Driving factors; Physical geography; Spatial ecology; Fire regime; Spatial analysis; Cartography; Ecology; Remote sensing; Climate change","score_opus":0.005775050868538952,"score_gpt":0.22078555538141556,"score_spread":0.21501050451287662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001345772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827902,0.00015150898,0.00020949068,0.00017747597,0.0013060621,0.0005048043,0.00007526244,0.00015089808,0.014634318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99583733,0.000010987385,0.0001456037,0.0009284363,0.000506746,0.00007787004,0.00002553812,0.000054058128,0.0024134072],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99775004,0.00013266092,0.00029577123,0.00041345396,0.00043892092,0.0009691345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99876237,0.00014703232,0.00017232687,0.0005581227,0.000006537284,0.00035361928],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023120068,0.00030114883,0.0003362321,0.000005185084,0.00020686416,0.000065543056,0.00038793145,0.00012120195,0.0062494613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005149526,0.00026819363,0.00011444478,0.00017184544,0.000097640244,0.00043663805,0.00020689648,0.0003001614,0.044857644],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083602165,0.0003428985,0.7145221,0.000024546323,0.000039273087,0.00002066802,0.0014321909,0.0001614094,0.00038842869,0.0000010808222,0.065856524,0.21712723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010261819,0.00037953103,0.8596073,0.000036542428,0.000017559896,0.000015093417,0.000111208596,0.0032236082,0.00037750282,0.0000076919005,0.13470154,0.0004962738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028693296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061204364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21663097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023315208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010321545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001775547","doi":"10.1890/es13-00012.1","title":"Field colonies of leaf‐cutting ants select plant materials containing low abundances of endophytic fungi","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and fungal interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; McGill University","keywords":"Endophyte; Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense; Biology; Mutualism (biology); Foraging; Cecropia; Botany; Forage; Symbiosis; Abundance (ecology); Ecology","score_opus":0.011862090231872674,"score_gpt":0.19869648496790757,"score_spread":0.1868343947360349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001775547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933117,0.00021256687,5.29263e-7,0.000113164475,0.00020283296,0.00012280066,0.00013151928,0.00002104894,0.005883862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993084,0.000056425735,0.00006521505,0.00005298196,0.00010483327,0.000011491318,0.000029011144,6.565225e-7,0.00037096738],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993603,0.000032041084,0.00024390413,0.00011531426,0.000080412254,0.00016802577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992528,0.00045805846,0.00017363654,0.000029463776,0.000055212124,0.00003084048],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000073862095,0.0000835022,0.00021205,0.0000040532545,0.000075158954,0.0000313252,0.0001262043,0.00005601917,0.004754763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054652606,0.00003485135,0.000046591595,0.000086167376,0.000022375027,0.00014567109,0.000027038546,0.000059824404,0.0000823367],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000067266534,0.000054640706,0.005731719,0.000026606287,0.000024253375,0.0000020397802,0.00010540779,0.0000025229606,0.98274416,0.00006666641,0.005724807,0.0054499125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013275786,0.00069031224,0.0646336,0.0001898755,0.000010936027,0.000013304531,0.0008356299,0.000077490135,0.9319295,0.00018052886,0.001176302,0.0001297289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013779446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008297691,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.058901884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000067277088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061919604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003603818","doi":"10.1890/es11-00343.1","title":"A feather‐precipitation hydrogen isoscape model for New Zealand: implications for eco‐forensics","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Feather; Extant taxon; Precipitation; Geography; Archaeology; Ecology; Tribe; Hydrogen isotope; Biology; Isotope; Evolutionary biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.018993238116793987,"score_gpt":0.26460349358404384,"score_spread":0.24561025546724985,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003603818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6541848,0.00013174539,0.3229425,0.0038827155,0.00023829182,0.001737019,0.00009907162,0.000103446924,0.016680416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.84219307,0.00001801678,0.1246925,0.0008150808,0.00025143105,0.0005241931,0.000110624336,0.000046484503,0.031348623],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990839,0.000013995384,0.00019936574,0.00023220037,0.000066226225,0.00040433186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934584,0.00011489524,0.00010335478,0.00029110443,0.000014101763,0.00013068014],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019925344,0.00012135067,0.00015101876,0.000010130986,0.0001535667,0.000015275053,0.00020284826,0.00009664183,0.0013193775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006112018,0.00011831984,0.0001310453,0.0001035256,0.00002945482,0.00026162382,0.00006121731,0.000045086967,0.00067307055],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029457191,0.0001255384,0.036533054,0.000006546488,0.00006898179,3.6178857e-8,0.0015048438,0.058649633,0.0020287584,0.0024218056,0.8635409,0.035090443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015975947,0.00020247826,0.056374006,0.0000054812153,0.00029327112,0.0000075113758,0.00014238367,0.5554539,0.0021811721,0.14533871,0.23774858,0.0006548956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062221334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018798576,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6257923,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015977974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021775159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99959356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005616448","doi":"10.1890/es14-00230.1","title":"Modeling and mapping isotopic patterns in the Northwest Atlantic derived from loggerhead sea turtles","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of Manitoba","funders":"Northeast Fisheries Science Center; Southwest Fisheries Science Center; Southeast Fisheries Science Center; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; Goddard Space Flight Center; University of Central Florida; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; North Carolina Sea Grant, North Carolina State University; Sea Turtle Conservancy; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Johns Hopkins University; National Marine Fisheries Service; U.S. Department of the Interior","keywords":"Oceanography; Sea turtle; Fishery; Geology; Turtle (robot); Ecology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.015931560743133153,"score_gpt":0.20583497809517506,"score_spread":0.18990341735204191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005616448","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903691,0.00018157173,0.0008822204,0.0003531714,0.000030123292,0.00013330685,0.0000034982108,0.000015083429,0.008031931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986862,0.00020018699,0.0003715514,0.0006352269,0.000049742623,0.0000134176435,0.000008525645,0.000007723436,0.000027404536],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992414,0.00006148731,0.00014243177,0.00023685112,0.00012407356,0.00019376687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996934,0.000067714565,0.000028072427,0.00017770304,0.0000025163085,0.000030578798],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013445462,0.00011022786,0.00013505343,0.0000037052596,0.00009655374,0.000033600554,0.0001946887,0.000032253974,0.0015156402],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021538615,0.00007947529,0.000022757964,0.00007169363,0.0000309215,0.00007840483,0.00025131027,0.00010714836,0.00024804028],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000017059502,0.000015563814,0.98675495,0.000012469886,0.0000051434613,0.0000045106267,0.0005202729,0.0009179926,0.00003922928,0.0000102408085,0.00030133696,0.011416587],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015445078,0.00001579218,0.9375495,0.000028329921,0.0000055607848,0.0000016652475,0.00031040626,0.0586429,0.0000048290717,0.00027388788,0.0029067306,0.00010598383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08882671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.32786518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23903848,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003286137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001818004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993971},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005910603","doi":"10.1890/es12-00178.1","title":"Process‐based models are required to manage ecological systems in a changing world","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":286,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; University of Waterloo","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Process (computing); Computer science; Process modeling; Management science; Interpretation (philosophy); Risk analysis (engineering); Ecology; Environmental resource management; Work in process; Environmental science; Engineering","score_opus":0.015841878365998013,"score_gpt":0.2131101510008915,"score_spread":0.1972682726348935,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005910603","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92217886,0.000062005536,0.00008770804,0.0005772161,0.00010872892,0.00064544904,0.000003056592,0.000072021685,0.07626496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969094,0.0000021395797,0.00019463661,0.0006317675,0.000044711916,0.00036605788,0.000003186541,0.000015304993,0.0018328377],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987056,0.000039600956,0.0002270531,0.00034376135,0.00018526182,0.00049868267],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952203,0.0000252443,0.000075349024,0.00022151046,0.000006800954,0.0001490673],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019847676,0.00014282929,0.00021238832,0.000074703676,0.0000806094,0.000080363694,0.00028738036,0.00006288085,0.0069315895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000061031437,0.00010900241,0.000033494252,0.00092757714,0.0000056410727,0.0004305141,0.00012049905,0.00007436361,0.006962618],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024799181,0.0002730525,0.076296486,0.00034463077,0.000013162098,0.00008825149,0.0010257368,0.8983369,0.00013611921,0.00009196773,0.021981183,0.001387698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052921753,0.00006737773,0.065072484,0.00031724753,0.0000076000074,0.0000027552508,0.0012931585,0.92603153,0.000085794,0.0010314914,0.0051225172,0.00043882124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009589134,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012668636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07473051,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014845854,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039927813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99397624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2009102256","doi":"10.1890/es13-00269.1","title":"Linking resource availability and habitat structure to stream organisms: an experimental and observational assessment","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Biomass (ecology); Predation; Juvenile; Invertebrate; Biology; Ecology; Habitat; Environmental science; Productivity; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.011094593248189616,"score_gpt":0.24154622533368994,"score_spread":0.23045163208550032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2009102256","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9796558,0.000014856486,0.00015531376,0.00080717803,0.000047870883,0.00018330402,0.000005325795,0.000032563654,0.019097783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98798656,0.0000019578936,0.009676726,0.0017862363,0.000033842098,0.000012570366,0.000012558964,0.000008429381,0.00048113812],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991997,0.000054473487,0.000112081645,0.00035292614,0.0001211515,0.00015966706],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996713,0.000049841638,0.000034461824,0.00015584804,0.0000041305407,0.00008443085],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017226343,0.00011294438,0.00011065911,0.000005492605,0.00028920578,0.00003730173,0.000093444425,0.000049285776,0.0032859887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024429164,0.00010476901,0.0000089615305,0.000053985492,0.00011878188,0.0001893146,0.00037362188,0.00007896296,0.000046761124],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010988086,0.0000623098,0.96110946,0.000009588829,0.00001048557,9.752015e-7,0.0006115362,0.00013190456,0.001843233,0.0006029141,0.033570156,0.0020364458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020175845,0.00023465302,0.97990924,0.0000042601287,0.0000071693976,0.0000012935931,0.00063369184,0.0004455377,0.0003197532,0.0012898959,0.016825236,0.00012748623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026240641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021756615,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0187998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007104409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003034463,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976252},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010541785","doi":"10.1890/es11-00216.1","title":"Analysis of abrupt transitions in ecological systems","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":319,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of California, San Diego; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service; University of California, Santa Barbara; New Mexico State University; Harvard University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Regime shift; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Context (archaeology); Abundance (ecology); Alternative stable state; Ecology; Climate change; Relative species abundance; Oceanography; Geography; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.01028646682583892,"score_gpt":0.1968942205206991,"score_spread":0.18660775369486018,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010541785","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8367003,0.000034922043,0.0003246218,0.000011285708,0.00004824131,0.00008817209,0.000010972307,0.000008602148,0.1627729],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993103,0.000009754758,0.00027506318,0.000009896792,0.0000027595959,0.000011765609,0.0000027055232,0.0000030763617,0.0003746537],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993358,0.00003890325,0.00022177785,0.00016745088,0.00009848787,0.00013756628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972326,0.000014798439,0.000056639947,0.00015763531,0.0000035930789,0.000044076332],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015591677,0.00005964787,0.00018409088,0.00002669671,0.00002725924,0.0000045170173,0.00015531963,0.000057178342,0.009334638],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000053315666,0.000047730784,0.00007651835,0.00060427736,0.000055472483,0.000057851452,0.000029723284,0.00005180693,0.00022971987],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013258063,0.00062200025,0.874379,0.000026566187,0.000143627,0.000043084536,0.0021567466,0.118219025,0.00074094074,0.0024127923,0.0005312747,0.00071168755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007744326,0.000037418282,0.8838629,0.0000074421646,0.00005417406,0.0000013194574,0.00041390964,0.11529729,0.000016771353,0.00006622329,0.00009450789,0.0000705686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013283511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013818165,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16261004,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054893328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003948047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99157095},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011499878","doi":"10.1890/es10-00144.1","title":"Geomorphic changes of headwater systems 3–23 years after forest harvesting by clearcutting","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Clearcutting; Riparian zone; Chronosequence; Environmental science; STREAMS; Logging; Hydrology (agriculture); Riparian forest; Taiga; Canopy; Boreal; Riparian buffer; Ecology; Habitat; Geology; Forestry; Geography; Soil science; Soil water; Biology","score_opus":0.013375596818772933,"score_gpt":0.18210244884501434,"score_spread":0.1687268520262414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011499878","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98132974,0.00029531974,0.000087416745,0.000037591675,0.00009033819,0.00011027039,0.0000110361625,0.00003461709,0.0180037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971427,0.000016802145,0.00030126984,0.00010080616,0.000022559818,0.000025196394,0.000009437641,0.00001547175,0.0023657598],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920326,0.000024834213,0.00016470501,0.0002058397,0.00014277009,0.0002585868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997103,0.00001607168,0.00007041469,0.00013419917,0.0000055369414,0.00006347263],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019636119,0.00009820938,0.0001348105,0.000008354177,0.000046408873,0.000009168343,0.00015789767,0.00008373147,0.008170904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000072060757,0.00008927545,0.000025318222,0.00008651308,0.00012501872,0.00016407197,0.000045730525,0.00009674786,0.000927642],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008014543,0.00013916334,0.98056775,0.0001481361,0.000036639787,0.000078291,0.0025745952,0.00050063385,0.0029299257,0.000033381075,0.009841824,0.0030694986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008400644,0.0005659282,0.9279094,0.00024263264,0.0000712569,0.00003741342,0.00051879114,0.00139879,0.012614215,0.0003571995,0.05476187,0.0006824378],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012588149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015660358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052658364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015596434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003844132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998503},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012703804","doi":"10.1890/es12-00146.1","title":"Threat or treat: the role of fish exudates in the growth and life history of <i>Daphnia</i>","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Kairomone; Biology; Daphnia; Zooplankton; Detritus; Predation; Predator; Cladocera; Ecology; Zoology; Abundance (ecology)","score_opus":0.00930149604439908,"score_gpt":0.18590510359061263,"score_spread":0.17660360754621354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012703804","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87322336,0.0014337145,0.000004861495,0.00014491763,0.000060280192,0.0001537039,0.000014864832,0.000003958057,0.12496034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987675,0.00010606473,0.00006516334,0.0002232877,0.00002910467,0.000012436819,0.0000020995121,0.0000063384773,0.00078802794],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940044,0.0000667422,0.00018038072,0.00008543157,0.00012841944,0.00013860963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994795,0.00017729355,0.00010428738,0.00019942762,0.0000023863088,0.00003715938],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027652798,0.00007857403,0.00013495123,0.0000036776582,0.000025962954,0.0000036600184,0.00019136757,0.00003805971,0.0014918674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030726304,0.00003914133,0.000027113063,0.000070326416,0.00011751381,0.00010937134,0.000055852055,0.00006522101,0.000028987843],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004337339,0.0001972652,0.9015301,0.000073556825,0.000016181,0.0000012435994,0.010910934,0.00005110399,0.000583403,0.0022336305,0.08054048,0.0038187343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000884104,0.00025682145,0.7860665,0.000084699066,0.000076363416,0.000031016785,0.007680359,0.003438506,0.0011576321,0.0024538098,0.19748537,0.00038486277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016114078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033919723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12554412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045591107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000130811295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994209},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016294683","doi":"10.1890/es11-00224.1","title":"Estimating trophic position in marine and estuarine food webs","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Trophic level; Food web; Estuary; Ecology; Biology; Binary number; Isotope analysis; Environmental science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.005425260524871087,"score_gpt":0.2067422222327142,"score_spread":0.20131696170784313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016294683","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9563047,0.00003184352,0.00011005109,0.00016135075,0.000077879056,0.000077414756,3.0399494e-7,0.000015772559,0.043220636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9803623,0.0000055520995,0.018975368,0.00013158734,0.00005563454,0.00001315142,0.0000037260402,0.00000827741,0.00044442553],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993764,0.000034821962,0.00013533,0.00014080592,0.00007440598,0.00023824342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974555,0.00003446779,0.000042587795,0.0001227839,0.0000016837588,0.00005290543],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016994133,0.00007567037,0.00010667169,0.000011284405,0.000050590857,0.000010230387,0.000072121795,0.000043689844,0.009666744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041029754,0.00007363529,0.000017437513,0.00013017327,0.000044348933,0.00022324077,0.00021487361,0.000087633925,0.0008635436],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039268075,0.000071459464,0.98829144,0.0000047471103,0.0000065317113,0.0000034659226,0.00012118142,0.0013699568,0.0003560729,0.00012111965,0.00075108925,0.0088989865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002365536,0.00008094824,0.9890634,0.000004219338,0.000011350847,0.000021040463,0.000031368338,0.00880577,0.00019633702,0.0010229762,0.00042346714,0.00010258196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018589955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034699808,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04277621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010105112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024918002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2019950729","doi":"10.1890/es14-00308.1","title":"How dynamic are understory communities and the processes structuring them in mature conifer forests?","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Understory; Ecology; Species richness; Biological dispersal; Plant community; Deserts and xeric shrublands; Graminoid; Geography; Floristics; Habitat; Biology; Canopy; Population","score_opus":0.017927409296774697,"score_gpt":0.20967326380875256,"score_spread":0.19174585451197787,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2019950729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847608,0.00067936716,0.000041215404,0.0021217794,0.000051759624,0.00012957632,0.0000024791634,0.00001815872,0.012194862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977721,0.00010281901,0.00012577306,0.00018373948,0.000005328271,0.000020055802,0.0000021861647,0.0000065910267,0.001781406],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958503,0.000062625666,0.000066875386,0.00008749599,0.00007347377,0.0001245044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996628,0.00013507335,0.000056519206,0.000110450055,0.0000101843,0.000024963636],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014378363,0.00008412306,0.000108333195,0.0000048075494,0.00016353319,0.00003877128,0.0001353742,0.000053120937,0.000105316314],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055958168,0.00005575467,0.000011116102,0.00006558408,0.00049081305,0.00017861239,0.0001446208,0.00016470623,0.000029119594],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007005533,0.000025286296,0.9735943,0.000073936295,0.000029858114,0.000007353833,0.015068552,0.0055089872,0.0000016874025,0.002431029,0.002852501,0.00033647395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011550749,0.000017732424,0.8997838,0.000027068592,0.000009886339,0.0000143633,0.053725153,0.0043024593,0.000004340905,0.040288728,0.000536424,0.00013495266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011132625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14188875,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14177743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008078363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010827616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8737695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2028300464","doi":"10.1890/es14-00111.1","title":"Shifting with climate? Evidence for recent changes in tree species distribution at high latitudes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":218,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Occupancy; Latitude; Species distribution; Taiga; Temperate climate; Climate change; Boreal; Forest dynamics; Temperate rainforest; Geography; Biology; Physical geography; Habitat; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.04403361547115265,"score_gpt":0.2567422140014386,"score_spread":0.21270859853028595,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2028300464","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9603537,0.00009609107,0.00033404576,0.0026039104,0.00011435316,0.00034451747,0.00014207955,0.000062790365,0.03594851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977865,0.00043916528,0.00028134312,0.0001784334,0.0000617032,0.000094099596,0.00025082947,0.000013574256,0.0008943409],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887455,0.00003483001,0.000157388,0.00032077616,0.00021615339,0.00039630118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994841,0.00013556945,0.000094802344,0.0001981508,0.0000147124065,0.00007265143],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030390578,0.00014613626,0.00015834361,0.0000062186973,0.00018301023,0.000046080015,0.00016217436,0.000059660353,0.054687116],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014230223,0.00012052805,0.000028931832,0.00020576792,0.000097160286,0.0001666428,0.00014397528,0.00006237924,0.00092556205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008305208,0.00039824456,0.7060939,0.00024098078,0.000023309807,0.000010562445,0.0008182467,0.0005546495,0.007623054,0.015609836,0.22752137,0.040275324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054897455,0.00018065312,0.8160916,0.000066897344,0.0000103290795,0.0000021679582,0.00042006248,0.00023406629,0.0032348111,0.00007997495,0.17892142,0.00020904657],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013163885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06148088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10999771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010118119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039707106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985236},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032154996","doi":"10.1890/es10-00021.1","title":"Electronic tracking tag programming is critical to data collection for behavioral time-series analysis","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"National Marine Fisheries Service; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Tracking (education); Global Positioning System; Scale (ratio); Data quality; Real-time computing; Data mining; Data collection; Censoring (clinical trials); Data set; Simulation; Artificial intelligence; Statistics; Cartography; Geography; Engineering; Mathematics; Telecommunications","score_opus":0.06299931944997399,"score_gpt":0.31380860813897377,"score_spread":0.25080928868899977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032154996","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.852711,0.00066025625,0.018404072,0.0014547926,0.00020906028,0.0027693901,0.00015094882,0.00038400275,0.123256475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9470881,0.000030644704,0.04799072,0.0002716537,0.0000507282,0.00016253947,0.000039480045,0.000028508706,0.004337602],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873435,0.000020545165,0.00018376262,0.00046191356,0.0001605933,0.00043884685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994446,0.000025623163,0.00003819932,0.00038814716,0.000016006234,0.00008739041],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002117841,0.00013071677,0.00020335196,0.000013610582,0.0002465886,0.00004575474,0.0003685952,0.000044684493,0.029900216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066370674,0.00012974907,0.000087524466,0.00061293034,0.000055246895,0.00036809756,0.0004927772,0.00007791085,0.00073663093],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031879652,0.00092671654,0.20979376,0.00006989726,0.00054683804,0.000012912178,0.0022585352,0.00001989512,0.00030089024,0.00043886312,0.4073913,0.3779216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039359456,0.0019186179,0.35693464,0.000018206807,0.0017219454,0.000008790459,0.00069158734,0.0045484533,0.0012209369,0.00060460164,0.63109934,0.0008392742],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035493197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030222844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37708232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017221808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011524024,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9874731},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033653357","doi":"10.1890/es14-00029.1","title":"From earth and ocean: investigating the importance of cross‐ecosystem resource linkages to a mobile estuarine consumer","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Hakai Institute; Pacific Salmon Foundation; Leading Edge Endowment Fund; Tula Foundation","keywords":"Estuary; Habitat; Ecosystem; Ecology; Fishery; Abundance (ecology); Watershed; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.006559566872094898,"score_gpt":0.22979413375210686,"score_spread":0.22323456688001198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033653357","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98479974,0.00010653281,0.000044014116,0.00017831432,0.000039326605,0.00026997997,0.0000070403676,0.000020732514,0.014534344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99559313,0.0000054035245,0.002486961,0.0006315698,0.000057322446,0.000029600598,0.0000033208146,0.000013607006,0.0011790884],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890673,0.00011792871,0.00030127892,0.00031757433,0.00015544944,0.00020101905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989985,0.00029273203,0.0001658518,0.00044441223,0.000010551003,0.000087901855],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045641922,0.00011577672,0.00021881299,0.00000662234,0.00013308268,0.000035932975,0.00028739084,0.00005989649,0.0025890048],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022912037,0.00008560565,0.000037983034,0.00015941176,0.0002286685,0.00007879344,0.00034589943,0.00011965361,0.00043663598],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036298468,0.000017833878,0.9796289,0.000007825907,0.00002384179,0.0000017906538,0.0006954569,0.005393443,0.0009493627,0.000040029412,0.009821692,0.0034161836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041818357,0.00019264309,0.8197848,0.000035642875,0.00004385833,0.000006501266,0.00063610234,0.009457111,0.00428222,0.0008010265,0.1640791,0.00026278442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049629697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004057652,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15984409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023776221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059940135,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983228},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035643846","doi":"10.1890/es11-00241.1","title":"The influence of artificial light on stream and riparian ecosystems: questions, challenges, and perspectives","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Freshwater ecosystem; Biological dispersal; Ecosystem; Ecology; Riparian zone; Light pollution; Artificial light; Environmental science; Population; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.02439509476656335,"score_gpt":0.22617158889508182,"score_spread":0.20177649412851847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035643846","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94381446,0.0026862796,0.0000011386959,0.0009033813,0.000032550677,0.00015354209,0.0000029440407,0.000013322379,0.052392382],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949868,0.004554198,0.00012639095,0.000026008434,0.000028556913,0.000007915398,2.8146619e-7,0.000007750576,0.00026210712],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992424,0.000059131467,0.0001604328,0.0001999892,0.0001348385,0.00020320756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995619,0.000046220055,0.00008978944,0.00019270762,0.000003077755,0.00010632772],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002723471,0.00010164982,0.00010978477,0.00000723305,0.00020174844,0.000012419464,0.00009655799,0.00005118136,0.0004961316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028180504,0.00006995912,0.000016028163,0.000028913768,0.00017530135,0.00013745645,0.000057490004,0.00008825568,0.00013802675],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00083472976,0.002506342,0.2529214,0.00026685462,0.00021267784,0.000035755173,0.142856,0.00015149798,0.005689651,0.18291932,0.010522038,0.40108374],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012273478,0.0003109901,0.9858076,0.00003305391,0.000007963035,0.000003784815,0.0029555229,0.000026380338,0.0003672182,0.0019097972,0.008351387,0.000103588754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038242713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023969356,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7328862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005859807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006940184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.54322934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036803216","doi":"10.1890/es12-00106.1","title":"Cushion plants are foundation species with positive effects extending to higher trophic levels","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; York University","keywords":"Trophic level; Pollinator; Biology; Ecology; Ecosystem; Abiotic component; Ecosystem engineer; Plant community; Cushion; Pollination; Species richness; Pollen; Geography","score_opus":0.0472140173547551,"score_gpt":0.21455092024810607,"score_spread":0.16733690289335096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2036803216","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9870543,0.0002486434,0.0000033318024,0.0004723316,0.00012697012,0.00014704827,0.000034470555,0.000048015572,0.011864908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967366,0.00002017886,0.00006957716,0.0001661362,0.00061624974,0.000011354752,0.000016421523,9.979503e-7,0.0023624855],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935085,0.000027561231,0.000070462214,0.0001471002,0.00012563648,0.00027841158],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972653,0.00010399239,0.000049809554,0.000013958692,0.000020051311,0.00008562676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054933356,0.00011780941,0.00013369086,0.0000032074777,0.00023631497,0.000046420082,0.00007440067,0.000037109392,0.00079348317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010158628,0.000040237996,0.000027850052,0.00010907159,0.000015385021,0.00017842455,0.000038726703,0.00005520105,0.00059222855],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043299652,0.00031270942,0.35374534,0.000041100007,0.00013573185,0.000057799825,0.0008204305,0.000007123949,0.52476823,0.0021456853,0.03138204,0.08615084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007932387,0.00021012126,0.98292893,0.00008095221,0.000007651811,0.000004981197,0.0002329076,9.364056e-7,0.0034047407,0.000035109824,0.012869298,0.00014506589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030281084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076242717,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6291836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030247875,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001141524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8688084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037979929","doi":"10.1890/es13-00323.1","title":"Effect of habitat complexity attributes on species richness","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","keywords":"Species richness; Macrophyte; Habitat; Ecology; Structural complexity; Biodiversity; Biomass (ecology); Wetland; Habitat destruction; Biology","score_opus":0.008539914488348153,"score_gpt":0.20834111774065878,"score_spread":0.19980120325231063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037979929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84189314,0.0000065044205,0.00042563488,0.00006820442,0.00015040804,0.00013874426,0.000022775279,0.000036301288,0.15725827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99801624,0.0000018870288,0.00020044712,0.000025274872,0.000037123355,0.000006651587,0.000013413493,0.000012525418,0.0016864216],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905497,0.00011841668,0.00017357357,0.00021717945,0.00022170652,0.00021415454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992572,0.0002828508,0.00008505291,0.00030353738,0.0000047961485,0.00006655297],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038816422,0.00013908502,0.00024629323,0.0000072478474,0.000075515316,0.000015641992,0.00022349165,0.000047057467,0.0044780606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009113796,0.00010864091,0.00007456687,0.00013074027,0.000109619905,0.00007176663,0.00017867473,0.00007908101,0.002896813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017262895,0.0001638926,0.91074723,0.00025048622,0.000026246767,0.000005032462,0.00010224223,0.0057714013,0.0019121143,0.0017921361,0.05976371,0.019292865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008476049,0.0014077619,0.9549247,0.000068772686,0.000023997594,0.0000061478167,0.000026929876,0.018603293,0.007455854,0.001153964,0.015143971,0.00033698772],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008885734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002367644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1561231,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008998739,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017632381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99787956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2038926600","doi":"10.1890/es13-00116.1","title":"A multi‐isotope (δ<sup>2</sup>H, δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N) approach to establishing migratory connectivity of Barn Swallow (<i>Hirundo rustica</i>)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Burke Museum, University of Washington; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Hirundo; Feather; Annual cycle; Ecology; Barn; Population; Geography; Habitat; Seasonal breeder; Nearctic ecozone; Bird migration; Isotope analysis; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.011419558086548683,"score_gpt":0.21522232896090498,"score_spread":0.2038027708743563,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2038926600","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9685976,0.00012140291,0.004378137,0.00025281467,0.00015845893,0.0014048627,0.00011351104,0.00029098982,0.02468222],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759673,0.000016518547,0.01713076,0.0013195276,0.00024905478,0.0002776373,0.000055173372,0.0001389594,0.004845092],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9941197,0.000673612,0.0010158428,0.001781786,0.0008251413,0.001583913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99662334,0.00066847424,0.0003521011,0.0015216352,0.00007802249,0.0007564458],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015679736,0.00088526646,0.0011551284,0.00009440484,0.00067556207,0.00017443128,0.0015581299,0.0007800068,0.008897765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009520685,0.0008711772,0.000408909,0.00082085456,0.00072938664,0.0012153122,0.00096427323,0.0011321276,0.004904367],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023687619,0.0025674342,0.7086852,0.00015884644,0.0001244268,0.000053451266,0.0063073616,0.20554708,0.001391643,0.00010767835,0.062984936,0.011835064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005251627,0.0011147346,0.64955634,0.00019721017,0.000510574,0.00010226018,0.006934718,0.2845557,0.0025227782,0.00032887197,0.046037883,0.0028872818],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010069112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011755263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07900863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00049774034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000111930174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993739},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040885649","doi":"10.1890/es10-00170.1","title":"Propagule pressure, Allee effects and the probability of establishment of an invasive species (<i>Bythotrephes longimanus</i>)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Allee effect; Propagule pressure; Propagule; Mesocosm; Biology; Ecology; Introduced species; Invasive species; Population; Biological dispersal; Ecosystem; Demography","score_opus":0.016725127843765307,"score_gpt":0.19722224992632392,"score_spread":0.1804971220825586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040885649","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626073,0.0003715974,0.000006778296,0.000037803908,0.000036944384,0.0005632483,0.0000058750356,0.000011754314,0.036358647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977552,0.000052081225,0.0014997761,0.000022255284,0.0000070653045,0.00005126853,7.244536e-7,0.0000053350755,0.000606258],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991924,0.00011631082,0.00019049313,0.00022649743,0.00012845085,0.00014581066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994472,0.00013014086,0.00013810003,0.00023285512,0.0000152019875,0.000036455323],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002958671,0.00011102892,0.00023946978,0.0000038178578,0.00009360398,0.0000047433396,0.00018900112,0.00005045228,0.0019868738],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008983696,0.000067683555,0.00004398528,0.00006306694,0.0012702204,0.0001691895,0.00027391655,0.00007361063,0.00002016871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047367348,0.0008468903,0.98123044,0.00018689941,0.00009729666,0.000009232288,0.006739067,0.000028124094,0.0024198194,0.0018937337,0.0029473626,0.0031274753],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004989242,0.000412901,0.97020906,0.000013830578,0.000083103536,0.000002161971,0.0005167159,0.000012556287,0.026393715,0.0016077252,0.00016902035,0.000080266494],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007112419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003115706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03575239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018099576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008794165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2041805001","doi":"10.1890/es12-00415.1","title":"Toward rigorous use of expert knowledge in ecological research","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":210,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; Ontario Forest Research Institute; University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Expert elicitation; Computer science; Subject-matter expert; Knowledge management; Domain knowledge; Data science; Descriptive knowledge; Sociology of scientific knowledge; Contextualization; Personal knowledge management; Knowledge engineering; Expert system; Artificial intelligence; Organizational learning","score_opus":0.19431126429245396,"score_gpt":0.3452339262914474,"score_spread":0.15092266199899343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2041805001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7673465,0.00008963063,0.0000022708198,0.00028595093,0.00004985016,0.00014984449,0.0000051051106,0.000013563704,0.2320573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962437,0.00009952118,0.00012073674,0.00007768854,0.000013541452,0.00006225079,0.000006266161,0.000005384669,0.0033709218],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991002,0.00008705979,0.00015564403,0.0001863249,0.00017666334,0.00029411848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961215,0.00010264318,0.00002260748,0.00016509833,0.000019089111,0.000078433215],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019032338,0.000066233,0.00010736487,0.0000105785075,0.000042157662,0.000027724956,0.00018146686,0.00007991483,0.5675659],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008310145,0.00005419394,0.000032670472,0.00026788146,0.00018371499,0.00017846865,0.00023431779,0.00013141935,0.026877005],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008007993,0.00049820327,0.018523296,0.000006091874,0.0000022536021,0.000007511342,0.00066610315,0.000009983372,0.0025742385,0.0006943663,0.9711009,0.005908988],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022985862,0.00008583063,0.83310395,0.000006709384,4.9642534e-7,0.0000019706358,0.0027266063,0.00018347426,0.0010799356,0.00026827224,0.16221765,0.000095211035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022222195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032211384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8145807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004138855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067041415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9738807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044120034","doi":"10.1890/es12-00300.1","title":"Direct and indirect effects of landscape structure on a tri‐trophic system within agricultural lands","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University; Université de Sherbrooke; Université de Montréal; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Trophic level; Biology; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Habitat","score_opus":0.009881092907068683,"score_gpt":0.16570304600489452,"score_spread":0.15582195309782584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044120034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98798835,0.0023185292,1.5501511e-8,0.00003663363,0.00013080999,0.00012914375,0.000056968318,0.000056998313,0.009282541],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993229,0.000044718065,0.000012339117,0.00001876628,0.00033637302,0.000005823378,0.000015415388,8.186567e-7,0.00024284786],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993449,0.000049460905,0.00012297317,0.00014297958,0.0001226684,0.00021701523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996253,0.00017532865,0.00008834021,0.00001700702,0.00001754667,0.00007642542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000717591,0.00014232479,0.00026168537,0.000003699752,0.00012671843,0.000019818423,0.00007886407,0.00007926463,0.00006442814],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026141059,0.0000423849,0.000050313247,0.0001418914,0.000019911906,0.00006592853,0.000036742047,0.00007910079,0.000017691094],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027203065,0.00020357798,0.35933432,0.0004935605,0.00024112825,0.000021411526,0.0012363617,0.0000068282043,0.60969734,0.00070652773,0.016616821,0.011170094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017743751,0.00030677114,0.9764033,0.00011306561,0.00002545252,0.000015174963,0.00042963566,0.0000048838897,0.021527788,0.0000058244277,0.0008489941,0.00014165512],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039251543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000419384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.617069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010169052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013669361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17284061},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044850594","doi":"10.1890/es12-00366.1","title":"Dependence of stream predators on terrestrial prey fluxes: food web responses to subsidized predation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Simon Fraser University; Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game; California Department of Fish and Game","keywords":"Predation; Trophic cascade; Food web; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Trophic level; Foraging; Biology; Ecosystem; Competition (biology)","score_opus":0.011884475283562968,"score_gpt":0.22244541695093065,"score_spread":0.2105609416673677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2044850594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.945215,0.000005810332,0.000026768234,0.0004341472,0.00018903243,0.00075333443,0.00001730131,0.00004705906,0.05331158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99527633,0.000015404936,0.000626632,0.00021482103,0.000028175114,0.00015197198,0.0000055741752,0.000009338153,0.0036717528],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989937,0.00008312231,0.00021489359,0.00029727456,0.00019477765,0.00021624185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994437,0.00012838599,0.00009495376,0.00026378487,0.000006921678,0.000062243496],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014792885,0.00012620246,0.00015058875,0.000019421366,0.00010496421,0.000017795484,0.0002450658,0.00006683944,0.011021967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024007207,0.000112670044,0.00003763145,0.0001425641,0.000074408556,0.00025719046,0.00022317316,0.00006851646,0.0028477893],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055742485,0.00031831537,0.24714106,0.000017623099,0.00008468909,0.0000022846075,0.0004486541,0.00070668274,0.0014797228,0.00010807565,0.7463595,0.0027759476],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00090269215,0.0016204781,0.9851861,0.000028828901,0.000026203295,5.543271e-7,0.0003760574,0.00023355914,0.00490957,0.00064928486,0.00585778,0.00020890096],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000101785234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006028309,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74050176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000064207554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011138729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049785873","doi":"10.1890/es13-00039.1","title":"Plant genotype, nutrients, and G × E interactions structure floral visitor communities","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Herbivore; Phenology; Abundance (ecology); Intraspecific competition; Ecology; Host (biology); Genetic diversity","score_opus":0.021433799514108894,"score_gpt":0.18979565978181173,"score_spread":0.16836186026770283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049785873","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99468917,0.00042238398,1.3964352e-7,0.00044973416,0.000090399044,0.0000796465,0.0001740469,0.000036950114,0.004057549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985775,0.000116171694,0.000042844214,0.00012741034,0.00023894517,0.00000621344,0.000060873328,4.5426543e-7,0.000829619],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996548,0.000017219752,0.00007160436,0.00007474874,0.00005146737,0.00013015677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998296,0.000064327854,0.000025726316,0.000013700648,0.000023605433,0.000043065418],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000012911244,0.00007958893,0.000090204674,0.000001771456,0.00029069599,0.00007326906,0.00008862858,0.000030122748,0.0039044917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033866481,0.000028201122,0.00002079385,0.00004729195,0.000030259116,0.0001267538,0.00007303475,0.000090663125,0.0001526405],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007646093,0.0001490771,0.16351129,0.000027973287,0.0001276143,0.000008890032,0.0014419046,0.0000022939355,0.15406291,0.0011330266,0.57958275,0.0998758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000069701,0.00008514714,0.8420485,0.000016647764,0.000005835667,0.000012170533,0.0027840664,0.00007028001,0.00038071704,0.0005957039,0.15380143,0.00012975927],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013484998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017679049,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67853725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000063976327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010242806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99700606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2053912849","doi":"10.1890/es14-00182.1","title":"Why timing is everything: Energetic costs and reproductive consequences of resource mismatch for a chick‐rearing seabird","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Government of Canada","keywords":"Capelin; Uria aalge; Predation; Biology; Foraging; Seabird; Ecology; Reproductive success; Forage fish; Fishery; Demography; Population","score_opus":0.013920115770541332,"score_gpt":0.23352702860456992,"score_spread":0.21960691283402858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2053912849","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897766,0.00006123357,0.00026963925,0.0012155036,0.000061833605,0.00019805458,0.0000046312803,0.000023742055,0.008388749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930713,0.0000057491393,0.0041732443,0.0006564149,0.00003473094,0.000022241446,0.000001911718,0.000012392465,0.0020220168],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991242,0.000051762425,0.00016126187,0.000370983,0.00009380724,0.00019794639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949723,0.00011815297,0.000104768944,0.00021266616,0.000009379847,0.000057825913],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003236124,0.00010236108,0.00016102217,0.000007285525,0.00015166086,0.000011634015,0.00012607688,0.000084418316,0.0011517938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012244447,0.000095293806,0.000036062745,0.00006810954,0.0003363477,0.000112437774,0.00009820371,0.00008691467,0.000046821002],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010975486,0.00014303418,0.8442113,0.000072732066,0.000036766996,0.0000059160975,0.0045828125,0.00035386014,0.027187316,0.00013360773,0.09209876,0.03106414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012489927,0.00060943805,0.7446584,0.00014359958,0.00014761051,0.00008731413,0.0018869133,0.0011009661,0.15780585,0.0038084274,0.087811,0.00069150963],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017223506,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023216153,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13061853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050009286,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000736488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054033297","doi":"10.1890/es11-00371.1","title":"Historical‐ecological evaluation of the long‐term distribution of woodland caribou and moose in central British Columbia","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"Real Estate Foundation of British Columbia","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Geography; Ecology; Woodland; Term (time); Distribution (mathematics); Habitat; Biology","score_opus":0.01253136862263651,"score_gpt":0.21101583369745092,"score_spread":0.1984844650748144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054033297","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984809,0.00022330861,0.000011195305,0.00009667521,0.00020614358,0.00019761556,0.000009802874,0.000003233945,0.00077108026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999673,0.00001306195,0.000020465684,0.000024476343,0.000018638897,0.000013308304,0.000010442397,0.0000019427578,0.00022465935],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993303,0.000122006786,0.00016292166,0.000090747344,0.00015264815,0.00014138037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999748,0.000033436834,0.00009243173,0.00008166296,0.000010936498,0.00003351834],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041727815,0.00003469951,0.00009064346,0.0000013972947,0.000051614115,0.0000072182625,0.0000659536,0.00008042844,0.0021197936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000119614044,0.000038170936,0.000022753002,0.00009430657,0.00008666117,0.000119390825,0.00005745399,0.00006568618,0.0000044640437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038754956,0.000112790345,0.9827556,0.0000038626017,0.0000025054997,2.4338132e-7,0.00006326286,0.000055417157,0.000022411195,0.000004093598,0.010946274,0.0060296697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032275,0.000024622233,0.9989347,0.00000889405,0.00001997405,0.0000037190066,0.000011618038,0.0001692399,0.0000134028805,0.00021159572,0.00023833726,0.000041172007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0075135143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.10285407,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09534056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00040184913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001455232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99909556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2054336100","doi":"10.1890/es13-00026.1","title":"Proximity to agriculture alters abundance and community composition of wild sunflower mutualists and antagonists","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; Prairie Biotic Research; Rice University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biology; Crop; Pollinator; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Domestication; Sunflower; Species richness; Population; Biodiversity; Helianthus annuus; Pollination; Agronomy; Pollen","score_opus":0.01970050793025185,"score_gpt":0.20156745224622077,"score_spread":0.18186694431596892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2054336100","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99672127,0.00026488997,5.280303e-7,0.0012047411,0.00001840409,0.00019740511,0.000053975353,0.000022261951,0.0015165564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99935836,0.0000861294,0.00013589833,0.00020898067,0.000041959298,0.000009721713,0.000019086914,4.2890665e-7,0.00013944296],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999525,0.00005816245,0.00010267911,0.00011661864,0.00006925368,0.00012826544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997373,0.00008220196,0.00004435513,0.000018542567,0.000044861645,0.000072687726],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000075674,0.000093788956,0.00014394443,0.0000016005395,0.0003248007,0.00004634187,0.000084398685,0.000042704447,0.00010016114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010908879,0.000034837176,0.000020445585,0.00007958427,0.00006387546,0.00013085615,0.00009479776,0.00011176643,0.000016783935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043169937,0.00018605689,0.053760115,0.000052981857,0.00002678776,0.0000019305228,0.00091018627,0.0000011408634,0.8886999,0.00014076513,0.041576594,0.014600409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000735239,0.00022241766,0.99112874,0.00004173149,0.000004802634,0.0000073648002,0.0006751245,0.00000783309,0.0040935986,0.00015443438,0.0034778279,0.000112591755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016707035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006323575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93736863,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006920398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.114463e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35287032},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2059296736","doi":"10.1890/es13-00380.1","title":"Origins and migratory patterns of bats killed by wind turbines in southern Alberta: evidence from stable isotopes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; University of Saskatchewan; University of Calgary","keywords":"Ecology; Stable isotope ratio; Geography; Oceanography; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.010727715547852831,"score_gpt":0.19506390976552543,"score_spread":0.1843361942176726,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2059296736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963999,0.0020119285,5.224838e-7,0.0009560628,0.00008887217,0.00009282567,0.000067747744,0.000011014223,0.00037112462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99815214,0.00025210573,0.000016854476,0.00019009256,0.00007020631,0.00000780733,0.000016946686,7.752099e-7,0.0012930835],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924695,0.00009268366,0.0001703185,0.0002525415,0.0000439555,0.00019355374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991574,0.0006623523,0.00007358202,0.00004696889,0.000021427071,0.000038227496],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013573731,0.000117301875,0.0002433626,0.0000027769986,0.000086603366,0.000009474219,0.00013530048,0.00013225546,0.0012330409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009803478,0.000046262652,0.00003094731,0.00006377425,0.000078197736,0.000080196456,0.000067767476,0.00008807871,0.00005429782],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032119464,0.0000424795,0.97951984,0.000006353162,0.000021191187,6.401978e-7,0.00051324023,0.0000012711122,0.012724989,0.000014462184,0.0034996765,0.0036237354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001912665,0.00017529853,0.982382,0.000064784,0.000011101482,5.159707e-7,0.0015705642,0.000024726278,0.0017499524,0.00019322893,0.013487916,0.00014862874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.033502787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.22089769,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1873949,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013904334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034302022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99968},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060061602","doi":"10.1890/es13-00182.1","title":"Viewing forests through the lens of complex systems science","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":266,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais; Ministry of Forests; Université du Québec à Montréal; University of Northern British Columbia; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; Université TÉLUQ","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biome; Complex system; Ecology; Temperate forest; Adaptability; Environmental resource management; Complex adaptive system; Disturbance (geology); Forest ecology; Human systems engineering; Psychological resilience; Social system; Socio-ecological system; Adaptation (eye); Ecological systems theory; Ecosystem; Computer science; Environmental science; Artificial intelligence; Psychology; Resource (disambiguation); Biology","score_opus":0.023634418683731694,"score_gpt":0.25159699609452135,"score_spread":0.22796257741078965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060061602","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6720366,0.00009647873,0.0025828476,0.0003702613,0.00021297278,0.0001226838,0.0000012443163,0.00001608866,0.32456085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985519,0.000012712699,0.0005444809,0.00016091777,0.000016770686,0.0000085947795,5.046779e-7,0.0000034811985,0.00070063665],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993875,0.00003807986,0.0001321811,0.00013970779,0.00014217658,0.00016033168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960923,0.0001027091,0.00008128053,0.00018028094,0.000011824795,0.000014653828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003617093,0.000056913188,0.00009601957,0.000003120459,0.00037917102,0.000012339279,0.0002640161,0.000020157164,0.00045897946],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006838033,0.000037410522,0.000023390421,0.00016704907,0.00069360796,0.00017588607,0.00015031327,0.00005189177,0.00042773303],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013955326,0.00017092733,0.5542844,0.00011051065,0.000061201164,0.0000016829996,0.013286365,0.19200638,0.0040506753,0.16402172,0.067332804,0.004659388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013028811,0.000050059276,0.9062911,0.00001375957,0.00000877195,0.0000029126757,0.00036851972,0.057426605,0.00005329319,0.0033952564,0.032169994,0.00008942939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016011504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007983248,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3520067,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003852647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007485878,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5497786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073141228","doi":"10.1890/es10-00172.1","title":"Mountain pine beetle dispersal: spatiotemporal patterns and role in the spread and expansion of the present outbreak","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests","funders":"Johns Hopkins University","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Ecology; Outbreak; Infestation; Spatial ecology; Geography; Seed dispersal; Mountain pine beetle; Biology; Population; Agronomy","score_opus":0.008847958148498838,"score_gpt":0.1987343469440335,"score_spread":0.18988638879553466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2073141228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890859,0.00007373064,0.000022293423,0.00025646214,0.000037763828,0.00024049728,0.0000034501347,0.000004733202,0.010275164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993935,0.000040090195,0.000086466025,0.00014457127,0.000008662295,0.000013293214,0.0000011481584,0.00000432062,0.00030790045],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995392,0.000054446627,0.00009451647,0.00012557248,0.000083421255,0.00010287581],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974537,0.000018267536,0.000041794225,0.00017601268,0.0000013335558,0.000017240201],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013468262,0.00006175979,0.000061879975,0.0000041521,0.000050742397,0.0000057883553,0.0001326155,0.000031906762,0.0011860164],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000653864,0.00003531051,0.000014563519,0.000048353646,0.00011591818,0.000074795375,0.00022799076,0.00006190679,0.000020415797],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002189709,0.00008439707,0.9804588,0.000015123998,0.000007117134,0.0000044038143,0.004495284,0.0001252551,0.00016124817,0.0005068471,0.00351504,0.010604614],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015277525,0.000059959857,0.99465674,0.000008699215,0.0000061469755,0.000002330398,0.0007700823,0.001069239,0.00029662804,0.00089892594,0.0020329794,0.000045462537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009884458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.024107223,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014222765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000162427,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023003404,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999727},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076147364","doi":"10.1890/es13-00382.1","title":"Anthropogenic effects on activity patterns of wildlife at crossing structures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Parks Canada; Edmonton Community Foundation; Montana State University","keywords":"Wildlife; Disturbance (geology); National park; Recreation; Geography; Wildlife conservation; Wilderness; Population; Ecology; Wildlife refuge; Wildlife management; Mammal; Environmental science; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.006528599483676566,"score_gpt":0.23246194124404218,"score_spread":0.2259333417603656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076147364","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99186075,0.0000051698667,0.0005256684,0.00025569042,0.00024176754,0.000092958566,0.000004725404,0.000024129145,0.006989134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998161,0.0000028016675,0.0001850605,0.00056308764,0.00006622333,0.0000053158747,0.0000029080031,0.000011435024,0.0010021339],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930745,0.000060307888,0.00011291618,0.0002074648,0.00016649142,0.00014533728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949557,0.00009965845,0.00010888224,0.00024367432,0.000004929099,0.000047291654],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069157795,0.00010478299,0.000116887604,0.000007263994,0.00021959958,0.000032421394,0.00010263272,0.00005066885,0.006052275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039059993,0.000091465234,0.000059284346,0.000064042215,0.00007392926,0.00016221139,0.000077576144,0.000083798834,0.00045682763],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116633884,0.00014587773,0.71411115,0.000057007324,0.000032268403,0.0000028490872,0.0002979773,0.002453942,0.05412441,0.00014105729,0.05533738,0.17317943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020886847,0.00012749073,0.92999446,0.00002957863,0.000007698411,0.0000028840195,0.000012546671,0.0012277382,0.050853893,0.00015646238,0.017269753,0.00010859937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008730488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00061856274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21588333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012160853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005324732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077551963","doi":"10.1890/es12-00341.1","title":"Modeling climate change impacts on tidal marsh birds: Restoration and conservation planning in the face of uncertainty","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; San Francisco Foundation","keywords":"Marsh; Restoration ecology; Context (archaeology); Climate change; Environmental science; Habitat; Salt marsh; Environmental resource management; Wetland; Ecology; Geography","score_opus":0.02357571746464411,"score_gpt":0.2378352153164109,"score_spread":0.2142594978517668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077551963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961154,0.000027110467,0.00011669457,0.0005033389,0.00003360631,0.00033919205,0.000007747223,0.000011709111,0.0028452317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964964,0.00002291483,0.000084844294,0.0001678391,0.000014935023,0.000027659138,0.000010027986,0.000006769698,0.000015353018],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938047,0.000048023718,0.00015786625,0.00012761686,0.00013469774,0.00015129881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973977,0.00004367533,0.000061613624,0.00012318486,0.000005092143,0.000026639458],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026081034,0.00007526823,0.00008329369,0.0000102173635,0.00005525337,0.0000316659,0.0000810219,0.00004186707,0.00017282083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022008671,0.000055087352,0.000012555288,0.000101666155,0.00001755322,0.00027064933,0.000056664532,0.000072501185,0.00012547785],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007718773,0.00008123707,0.2756718,0.000104812956,0.0000059139206,0.0000055923724,0.008411498,0.69950867,0.0012655081,0.0001727872,0.0027642318,0.011930764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015601775,0.0000525444,0.15978828,0.000069850255,0.000001939239,0.000002140107,0.0014022765,0.838203,0.00000885451,0.00020754643,0.000042339674,0.000065206455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0059934203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010761423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13869435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072403105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002963969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9060299},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077743745","doi":"10.1890/es14-00197.1","title":"Density‐dependent functional responses in habitat selection by two hosts of the raccoon rabies virus variant","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Habitat; Biology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Ecology; Context (archaeology)","score_opus":0.005982724698908906,"score_gpt":0.19556549588492622,"score_spread":0.18958277118601732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2077743745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99393165,0.000016318894,0.0004960579,0.00087788387,0.00025010735,0.00012284871,0.0000030890453,0.000014723887,0.0042873397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99641967,0.000004204809,0.00013444535,0.0005659274,0.0000270799,0.000014774922,0.0000030771505,0.0000056524555,0.0028251945],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912304,0.00023145028,0.00017012379,0.00018144645,0.00016054494,0.00013337118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995814,0.00015789196,0.000095432915,0.0001334304,0.000009496073,0.00002232852],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042859398,0.000078398654,0.00009165539,0.000009067268,0.00012658478,0.000009458216,0.00011077138,0.000066428445,0.0023768751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016209864,0.00006280209,0.00003313614,0.00016367417,0.000084968466,0.00014743354,0.00007451306,0.00012496051,0.00034127323],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013907885,0.000078449746,0.9442842,0.0000022930612,0.0000061350706,7.0726395e-7,0.0000690449,0.0017065959,0.012149308,0.0001779107,0.04029789,0.0010884001],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038564784,0.000047931593,0.98850393,0.0000063521015,0.0000067280107,0.000009265408,0.000025289777,0.0011117732,0.0067565823,0.001046854,0.0020268187,0.00007285342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007627309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.023120953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.044219714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011037337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018027455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985351},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2078607237","doi":"10.1890/es13-00297.1","title":"Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the feeding ecology of a top marine predator, the Magellanic penguin","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"FP7 Research Potential of Convergence Regions","keywords":"Ecology; Foraging; Predation; Abundance (ecology); Apex predator; Biology; Habitat; Fishing; Predator; Fishery; Geography","score_opus":0.00440040280783402,"score_gpt":0.21166248409888547,"score_spread":0.20726208129105145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2078607237","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98117435,0.00006855969,0.000017651193,0.00035608115,0.00023036865,0.0001688886,7.245899e-7,0.000014633,0.017968737],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987594,0.000026975298,0.00017827548,0.00013582906,0.000050635565,0.0000044999424,0.0000016674885,0.000010762338,0.0008319878],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990433,0.00018555469,0.00018198664,0.00022680513,0.00011543904,0.00024695246],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999016,0.00051604875,0.00013312083,0.00029996742,0.0000064627507,0.000028423496],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005269059,0.00011610414,0.00017683124,0.000007355316,0.00026009965,0.000020171541,0.0003498863,0.00005975389,0.009821929],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024674518,0.000063929474,0.00006254968,0.00014288932,0.00033830505,0.00006652806,0.00057075004,0.00020150533,0.00014483221],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000800727,0.00002756878,0.983804,0.000008404165,0.00005513885,0.0000015991466,0.0009202602,0.0002905523,0.0031800936,0.0001190175,0.0046059624,0.0069794008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016450808,0.00008599785,0.99049765,0.000002255643,0.000044038632,0.000013438252,0.0010672413,0.0031115825,0.002278302,0.00031133252,0.0023277816,0.000095866024],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035840453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008409609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01758501,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005766234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000049525365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9910832},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2079510409","doi":"10.1890/es13-00158.1","title":"Water mass characteristics and solar illumination influence leatherback turtle dive patterns at high latitudes","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Turtle Biology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; McGill University; Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Wildlife Federation; Universities Space Research Association; National Geographic Society; Sea Turtle Conservancy; World Wildlife Fund","keywords":"Turtle (robot); Latitude; High latitude; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Oceanography; Ecology; Biology; Geography; Geology; Geodesy","score_opus":0.0036806934797850173,"score_gpt":0.17035717374424217,"score_spread":0.16667648026445714,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2079510409","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969918,0.0000064280184,0.000397454,0.00039355858,0.00008296769,0.00007315736,0.000008291856,0.000023425455,0.0020228995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99606705,0.000019201756,0.0002469573,0.00040183731,0.000036581547,0.000008398692,0.00003651821,0.000006860671,0.0031766105],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946445,0.00003993676,0.000099211975,0.00018386306,0.00007263045,0.00013987835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997719,0.000025297366,0.00004082381,0.00011919713,0.0000069992407,0.00003580209],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000999888,0.00008554511,0.00007851391,0.0000030585165,0.00012556245,0.000017933158,0.00008000578,0.00007945829,0.0038189024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001785796,0.000063417894,0.000013377715,0.000018130386,0.00008072224,0.00015664875,0.00010131907,0.000058597212,0.0016466228],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000129965265,0.000014720359,0.9628968,0.0000098310575,0.0000068902204,0.0000016658062,0.00038719378,0.000049642644,0.027089734,0.00010039388,0.00079370633,0.008636427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012780899,0.000040116684,0.9797065,0.0000070275237,0.0000069484095,0.000001880004,0.000014311344,0.00040181112,0.007670508,0.0007268724,0.011187584,0.00010861804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012345768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003148118,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019419225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048286256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000011662082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084842115","doi":"10.1890/es11-00345.1","title":"Climate change and disruptions to global fire activity","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":977,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of California, Santa Barbara; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biome; Environmental science; Climate change; Representative Concentration Pathways; Global change; Fire regime; Range (aeronautics); Climatology; Ecosystem; Atmospheric sciences; Latitude; Biomass (ecology); Subtropics; Global warming; Productivity; Climate model; Geography; Ecology; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.016066629886354024,"score_gpt":0.248880561609856,"score_spread":0.23281393172350198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084842115","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9629994,0.00011435851,0.000030809213,0.0003946948,0.0003091671,0.00032397613,0.000043224183,0.000060809776,0.035723526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99902713,0.00001594234,0.00035899342,0.0001962518,0.00014293629,0.00007114666,0.0000013241053,0.00000982588,0.00017643937],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991943,0.000039762737,0.0000678421,0.00018287796,0.00012220586,0.00039295835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995087,0.000021367416,0.000029415012,0.00019083072,0.0000015840435,0.00024811205],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016046978,0.00010606982,0.00010203334,0.0000021360702,0.00012071848,0.000024747322,0.00008830517,0.000048573173,0.002382611],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018434446,0.00009782574,0.000024757936,0.00014157244,0.000027739123,0.000453967,0.00022162775,0.000050399896,0.008153186],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013410319,0.00013278742,0.63800687,0.0000266996,0.000005607742,0.0000032215107,0.00046589502,0.0000067472088,0.00046201682,0.00011845014,0.02184235,0.33891597],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000896512,0.000042609296,0.980477,0.000015120617,0.0000058891437,0.000012445032,0.000025620018,0.00087956904,0.000054786462,0.000014401336,0.018247087,0.0001358595],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008382702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014275509,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3424701,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016394259,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010615729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2087966411","doi":"10.1890/es13-00038.1","title":"Three large fire years threaten resilience of closed crown black spruce forests in eastern Canada","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Black spruce; Seedbed; Environmental science; Fire regime; Ecological succession; Ecosystem; Ecology; Taiga; Context (archaeology); Disturbance (geology); Dominance (genetics); Climate change; Vegetation (pathology); Fire ecology; Forestry; Geography; Seedling; Biology; Agronomy","score_opus":0.004603821534891517,"score_gpt":0.1870850642865416,"score_spread":0.18248124275165006,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2087966411","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860765,0.000075754986,0.00002671389,0.00010723383,0.00014948672,0.0005379005,0.000015987893,0.000020158413,0.012990307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983119,0.0000033857398,0.00016794403,0.00007425739,0.000023239987,0.00002980325,0.0000032602672,0.000023197346,0.0013630056],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984504,0.000044454948,0.00030856565,0.00034971407,0.0003836956,0.00046314544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992161,0.000067949215,0.00012720183,0.0004588651,0.0000095383775,0.00012035114],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018480346,0.00016397872,0.00023917963,0.000008880936,0.00003489163,0.000022906364,0.00045841365,0.00008268347,0.0073671453],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045836565,0.0001554998,0.000040551313,0.0002483586,0.00008591254,0.00026947408,0.00018952445,0.00013784909,0.0024878408],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011355721,0.000053325643,0.922974,0.000033945547,0.000006403816,0.000040098243,0.00017091051,0.0007843213,0.00034620016,0.000011007658,0.06794658,0.0076218825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040713235,0.000049761893,0.9623055,0.000060860973,0.0000027623512,0.0000023055568,0.00007374611,0.035043478,0.0002536771,0.00016156131,0.0014667636,0.00017244859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8264533,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9898054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16335204,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029575464,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000061721956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2090214856","doi":"10.1890/es13-00137.1","title":"How adaptable are narwhal? A comparison of foraging patterns among the world's three narwhal populations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of Manitoba","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Capelin; Foraging; Population; Ecological niche; Isotope analysis; Biology; Ecology; Predation; Food web; Bay; Stable isotope ratio; Zoology; Oceanography; Habitat; Geology","score_opus":0.023408458778574125,"score_gpt":0.24579642091578252,"score_spread":0.2223879621372084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2090214856","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9811035,0.0000937625,0.0015846274,0.0014887896,0.00013860922,0.000350108,0.0000043156574,0.00003066265,0.015205647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.991623,0.0000022168997,0.0014760416,0.00009190554,0.000043810833,0.00008123785,0.0000067501333,0.000018580797,0.0066564735],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879736,0.00006723828,0.00027464266,0.00026580476,0.00025303036,0.00034190188],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99907315,0.000072201066,0.00028539027,0.0004883319,0.000019322608,0.00006157911],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014238308,0.00014774213,0.00026529978,0.000019819694,0.00025277684,0.0000894447,0.00046217104,0.000058259342,0.020130316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033856413,0.00010955809,0.000107459404,0.00032631343,0.0001612892,0.00046823337,0.00026860842,0.00019369002,0.00067698286],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000012767753,0.00006162043,0.9591743,0.0000042250886,0.00002219412,0.000001438283,0.00020818012,0.008590653,0.000059628477,0.00015064009,0.02909869,0.002627159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012134186,0.000023228507,0.9427058,0.000015309186,0.000031967145,0.0000013279165,0.0016774414,0.05192463,0.00021875097,0.0010565853,0.0020890443,0.00013456745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0033772385,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21326566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20988841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010927526,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053985145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9807654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093911064","doi":"10.1890/es14-00242.1","title":"Community restructuring can maintain diversity across a severity gradient in the absence of foundation species","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Ecology; Biology; Foundation species; Species richness; Phylogenetic diversity; Environmental gradient; Community structure; Interspecific competition; Abundance (ecology); Plant community; Ordination; Relative species abundance; Context (archaeology); Species diversity; Community; Environmental change; Biodiversity; Phylogenetic tree; Climate change; Ecosystem; Habitat","score_opus":0.014504684536135275,"score_gpt":0.23256668116370074,"score_spread":0.21806199662756548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2093911064","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98462445,0.0000020559025,0.00015360885,0.0002872619,0.00005537369,0.00008001643,0.0000037223049,0.000006798457,0.014786727],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994634,0.0000064467604,0.00024448507,0.000109799,0.0000062147633,0.0000030328754,0.0000032543771,0.0000016649648,0.00016172059],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993617,0.00022997189,0.00010078058,0.00008207886,0.00009593183,0.00012952785],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996309,0.000112352776,0.000065500295,0.00017218648,0.0000054420357,0.000013594986],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00066814834,0.00005458782,0.00007740223,0.0000035029814,0.0006494912,0.000008120386,0.0002517044,0.000027592108,0.0003019151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008166157,0.000043876596,0.000020506608,0.000094734954,0.00027106018,0.00008620153,0.00042862134,0.00016715586,0.000031326475],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000062177987,0.000036511592,0.97637,0.000008719848,0.0000038385656,8.052202e-7,0.01866813,0.0013925165,0.000021050899,0.0023524622,0.00016844075,0.00097130577],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000113821174,0.000031513006,0.97908676,0.000004275604,0.0000015696239,0.0000012710194,0.0043481286,0.0010208666,0.000018015717,0.01514136,0.00018883354,0.000043578384],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037655286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.25443295,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25066742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010130226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000023367056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7591717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094031836","doi":"10.1890/es13-00013.1","title":"Risk taking not foraging behavior predicts dispersal of recently emerged stream brook charr (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>)","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; University of Guelph","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Foraging; Salvelinus; Fontinalis; Ecology; Predation; Biology; Demography; Trout; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Population","score_opus":0.008185910169067424,"score_gpt":0.21236240602804765,"score_spread":0.20417649585898023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094031836","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9431899,0.000046989113,0.0001398764,0.00033804702,0.00033519242,0.00056672725,0.000022335624,0.00007600856,0.055284925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99455595,0.000096487405,0.0010756798,0.00028052198,0.000049926868,0.00016469268,0.000009560554,0.000022207018,0.0037449547],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986225,0.00005400845,0.0003223966,0.00037720462,0.00023064225,0.00039324278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991574,0.000042838317,0.00041746403,0.0002877497,0.000016850174,0.00007767346],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019931815,0.0001916306,0.0002375668,0.000014734821,0.00022413884,0.000020867588,0.00028401817,0.000078371275,0.022341318],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011374728,0.00017973932,0.000090582515,0.0001313655,0.00016182184,0.0003573001,0.00039020376,0.0001723331,0.0012539229],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001786581,0.00017622263,0.7880292,0.0000188791,0.00005884943,0.000007641179,0.00036857917,0.00013907022,0.00054220256,0.000029120829,0.20033595,0.010276419],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047322977,0.00011323688,0.99384296,0.000020047955,0.00011545001,0.000001376321,0.00050975883,0.0007613012,0.0010062817,0.00011228344,0.0028375352,0.00020654041],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020597752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00545064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20581377,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075964155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004830481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2096079616","doi":"10.1890/es14-00228.1","title":"Context‐dependent effects on spatial variation in deer‐vehicle collisions","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Public Works and Government Services Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Odocoileus; Wildlife; Context (archaeology); Generality; Scale (ratio); Ecology; Wildlife management; Wildlife conservation; Environmental resource management; Data collection; Geography; Temporal scales; Spatial ecology; Environmental science; Biology; Cartography","score_opus":0.010942663748716545,"score_gpt":0.22273508520742905,"score_spread":0.2117924214587125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2096079616","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96229506,0.000015654978,0.00078445405,0.00070453214,0.0003847485,0.0002274722,0.000002883169,0.000028030485,0.035557196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975831,0.0000025818142,0.00021364207,0.00065662846,0.00006145532,0.000041359945,0.000005058362,0.000008679441,0.0014274899],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920547,0.00006826578,0.00015022897,0.00020454875,0.00023188254,0.00013958437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959195,0.00008133039,0.000050477713,0.0001835194,0.000010922586,0.00008179585],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017564117,0.000084749016,0.000090071335,0.000013106313,0.000059295042,0.000032546497,0.00009734782,0.00005650119,0.0020510047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011261578,0.00008011807,0.000030010344,0.00014091263,0.000013863589,0.00023051826,0.00004724212,0.000110094166,0.0040401104],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039621894,0.0011593679,0.41996607,0.000015177553,0.000048052432,0.00006891896,0.002916875,0.05764804,0.006337407,0.0014949501,0.24298759,0.26696134],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012370803,0.00028750653,0.94288075,0.000036702073,0.00000939452,0.0000029073274,0.00022121832,0.027095418,0.0019748756,0.00075648504,0.025315518,0.00018216795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006007883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00887781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52291465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033552077,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018707693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99886125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097799207","doi":"10.1890/es14-00438.1","title":"Modeling the costs and benefits of seed scatterhoarding to plants","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Seed dispersal; Biological dispersal; Seed predation; Biology; Population; Seed dispersal syndrome; Ecology; Predation; Mutualism (biology)","score_opus":0.03429280121777357,"score_gpt":0.24765567016803938,"score_spread":0.21336286895026582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2097799207","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9794012,0.00017242854,0.000045178207,0.00029821726,0.000050796607,0.000083344305,0.0000034988311,0.0000082799825,0.019937081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99933267,0.000009251366,0.00027149072,0.00016667577,0.000011653951,0.000005957606,3.6294523e-7,0.0000036922656,0.00019824205],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996182,0.000012078108,0.000076061086,0.000110064015,0.00007797275,0.00010565548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983835,0.000015944746,0.000017105034,0.00007245348,0.0000045562597,0.00005161566],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012726113,0.000053417276,0.00007912411,0.0000026880102,0.000085218,0.0000052316814,0.00008756473,0.000026064097,0.00015767926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015098562,0.000036379814,0.0000113058095,0.00003882675,0.00005002451,0.000049276627,0.00019527339,0.000043296848,0.00025994194],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000072481394,0.00005725906,0.89731336,0.000004172102,0.000020021309,0.0000035020553,0.003293934,0.06076504,0.0008632016,0.00007526359,0.023498513,0.014033229],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002654092,0.00013821953,0.99037236,0.00001900201,0.000013744264,0.000007514227,0.0026301078,0.0053146444,0.0004678708,0.00008668671,0.00055725157,0.00012721847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030486303,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010599677,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09305895,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034676188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033418023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33411145},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2102176286","doi":"10.1890/es14-00335.1","title":"Experimental warming altered rates of carbon processes, allocation, and carbon storage in a tallgrass prairie","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Sport Centre Pacific","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Ecosystem; Cycling; Litter; Soil carbon; Primary production; Global warming; Terrestrial ecosystem; Carbon cycle; Ecology; Climate change; Carbon sequestration; Atmospheric sciences; Agronomy; Soil water; Soil science; Carbon dioxide; Biology; Forestry; Geography","score_opus":0.012645532428737605,"score_gpt":0.23071840664252088,"score_spread":0.21807287421378327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2102176286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9834602,0.000481608,0.000015510983,0.00007273959,0.000052837084,0.00016073632,0.0000038924245,0.000015267438,0.015737232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992237,0.000009208059,0.0003558634,0.000012327868,0.000012371064,0.000021016733,0.0000130428925,0.000010449087,0.00034199344],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929297,0.000028486165,0.00018295369,0.00019502456,0.00015633697,0.00014421801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997136,0.000014907676,0.000075696196,0.00011177205,0.00001033518,0.0000736691],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013511693,0.00010076511,0.00012182306,0.0000149000325,0.000017295197,0.000013982705,0.00008948249,0.000053031257,0.000035761783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024120201,0.00009586567,0.000009916978,0.00017890295,0.00006353585,0.0001132198,0.00007991064,0.00006871364,0.0000052278733],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013530019,0.000657368,0.8613909,0.0001341427,0.000041544637,0.000050986673,0.012838312,0.07190803,0.049695253,0.00016190534,0.0013951723,0.001591105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0044973954,0.00066637783,0.15292941,0.00025832298,0.00004910292,0.000092138376,0.004906008,0.7557839,0.07409385,0.0016822076,0.0037267583,0.001314481],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020825586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002932031,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.70846146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012552492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032894746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39092883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2113776261","doi":"10.1890/es10-00133.1","title":"Seasonal dynamics of soil respiration and N mineralization in chronically warmed and fertilized soils","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":178,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Northeastern States Research Cooperative; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Mineralization (soil science); Soil respiration; Soil water; Biogeochemical cycle; Cycling; Environmental science; Nitrogen cycle; Respiration; Growing season; Nitrogen; Animal science; Agronomy; Ecology; Chemistry; Soil science; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Botany; Forestry","score_opus":0.019021437747297483,"score_gpt":0.20597217159325676,"score_spread":0.18695073384595928,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2113776261","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966958,0.0002716993,0.0000054078087,0.00013193421,0.00002422161,0.00008511326,0.0000091842985,0.000015035883,0.0027615938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994937,0.000099595105,0.00018345276,0.00006203178,0.000018121236,0.0000050095096,0.000034504636,8.355622e-7,0.00010270204],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946666,0.00004178165,0.00015946689,0.00014632614,0.000076576005,0.000109172215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979997,0.00003617367,0.00005711124,0.00002719835,0.000033529137,0.000045997152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000120275465,0.00007186676,0.00011561697,0.000004433979,0.000028283179,0.000011811701,0.000049163697,0.00007832052,0.00020274559],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036350648,0.000033344004,0.000021269356,0.00011927887,0.00004660401,0.00007220608,0.000030750787,0.000047127007,0.0000017381437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008941877,0.00045748448,0.6085782,0.00010394131,0.00004340094,0.000014149974,0.000938743,0.00007179386,0.07368136,0.0090724835,0.0004974368,0.3056468],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000330695,0.00015888126,0.9033676,0.00001651488,0.00000629542,0.0000026165078,0.00010939056,0.09390701,0.0005426125,0.0014385976,0.000027306038,0.000092496935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012332684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08194858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30555433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020459549,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008818676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9348035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2115226876","doi":"10.1890/es13-00388.1","title":"Biological carryover effects: linking common concepts and mechanisms in ecology and evolution","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":408,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Guelph; McMaster University; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Organism; Context (archaeology); Ecology; Ecological systems theory; Term (time); Biology; Scale (ratio); Mechanism (biology); Geography","score_opus":0.009865338463762335,"score_gpt":0.2227006770277171,"score_spread":0.21283533856395476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2115226876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99858373,0.0002750983,0.000021086002,0.00020634617,0.0001256613,0.00012771004,0.0000014437193,0.00003111048,0.00062780327],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996137,0.0000363821,0.00009336358,0.00007375616,0.00010725044,0.000008401947,0.000008054257,5.1870813e-7,0.00005854958],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936676,0.00010464705,0.00009597494,0.00025117805,0.000040924737,0.00014052691],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997851,0.00010715084,0.000033196808,0.000024716792,0.000010706577,0.000039085306],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018680564,0.00007769555,0.0001332495,0.0000030559909,0.000097154734,0.000016552587,0.000042007116,0.00013752055,0.000071264956],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029025403,0.00002993057,0.000017632203,0.00006665781,0.000060173257,0.000053215954,0.000048074155,0.00009879157,0.0000132280875],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032537657,0.00005464633,0.63311595,0.000012243522,0.0000031794616,0.0000038487055,0.00005950488,0.0000024874023,0.2715022,0.0078166,0.00012610228,0.08727069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013178129,0.00047741595,0.9903269,0.0000126985115,0.0000041174026,0.000010871312,0.000105967505,0.00007798192,0.0008706755,0.007376115,0.00051853433,0.000086970686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019259423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011407235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3572109,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018498871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001201617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12205332},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116363094","doi":"10.1890/es10-00102.1","title":"A sensitive slope: estimating landscape patterns of forest resilience in a changing climate","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; McGill University; Université Laval; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Taiga; Disturbance (geology); Environmental science; Seedling; Fire ecology; Ecology; Climate change; Fire regime; Canopy; Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Boreal; Geography; Biology; Agronomy","score_opus":0.007746681359432434,"score_gpt":0.22207379043222344,"score_spread":0.214327109072791,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116363094","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895693,0.000047243386,0.00013854302,0.00005266453,0.000253958,0.00012263539,0.000097260796,0.00004033796,0.009678043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940345,0.000015654643,0.005753131,0.000027361708,0.00006494393,0.0000012836965,0.000023645009,0.0000056037775,0.00007385218],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886715,0.000047964273,0.00022873573,0.0002245368,0.00015625819,0.00047532714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999276,0.00033260748,0.000111207904,0.00018549165,0.000025947034,0.000068737194],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004526283,0.00011898845,0.00018442534,0.000098678516,0.000088356086,0.000034020864,0.00015503954,0.00006215444,0.0015544231],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017708555,0.00010452588,0.00003671646,0.00032403207,0.000035641915,0.00017634632,0.00003362231,0.00020502137,0.00021892012],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045819914,0.000010201486,0.9725503,0.00005780287,0.0000033021765,0.00006417623,0.00056282803,0.006917622,0.00018107846,0.00003532838,0.000029039233,0.019542532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020183963,0.00004576801,0.90575427,0.00013227707,0.0000037160391,0.00002949171,0.0008401111,0.092379145,0.00041042405,0.000035209538,0.000049085218,0.00011866704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094409176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07848952,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08546153,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000023518253,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031216183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116951598","doi":"10.1890/es14-00256.1","title":"Modeling distribution and abundance of multiple species: Different pooling strategies produce similar results","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Ducks Unlimited Canada","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","keywords":"Pooling; Abundance (ecology); Species distribution; Relative species abundance; Population; Metric (unit); Ecology; Biology; Computer science; Habitat; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.019707531938547285,"score_gpt":0.22055009613531704,"score_spread":0.20084256419676974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116951598","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9645378,0.00006991489,0.005213747,0.00025895511,0.00008535879,0.00012963462,0.00021355343,0.000042393312,0.029448664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992478,0.00011242186,0.00010584301,0.000025478043,0.000040933377,0.000007083879,0.00015558624,0.0000085040165,0.0002963742],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989695,0.00003235764,0.0002573963,0.00031082396,0.00020199943,0.00022793726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995488,0.000042761214,0.000086088556,0.00023148228,0.000017608547,0.00007328316],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017151807,0.00013710755,0.00016594141,0.000004230789,0.00012544714,0.000048880724,0.00012593539,0.00005416446,0.0038963868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014240846,0.000119643395,0.00003982747,0.00009444085,0.00011373974,0.00018652923,0.00011224321,0.00008515502,0.00012679091],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0020005659,0.0027388253,0.102283224,0.0011730008,0.00020547364,0.000018392724,0.0089814095,0.3572135,0.20626943,0.044078425,0.23813832,0.036899447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024607817,0.00027673953,0.45866534,0.00013307102,0.000039361486,0.0000071991594,0.010009904,0.46900117,0.018420435,0.0014794312,0.038740393,0.00076615997],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018209193,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010461842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35638213,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015764036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004415089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99701416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2118810119","doi":"10.1890/es14-00117.1","title":"Indirect interactions in terrestrial plant communities: emerging patterns and research gaps","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecology; Facilitation; Indirect effect; Competition (biology); Biology; Trophic cascade; Ecosystem; Community; Herbivore; Food web; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.23760482702721933,"score_gpt":0.32442961623079486,"score_spread":0.08682478920357553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2118810119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9878211,0.00025377344,5.3122232e-8,0.00057483156,0.000074857635,0.0000661169,0.000049834685,0.000020469204,0.01113896],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99925965,0.00020085565,0.0000066529615,0.000025954163,0.00019516564,0.000010419913,0.00003065297,4.3555693e-7,0.0002702125],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993932,0.000114701135,0.00009845388,0.00008761813,0.00011429505,0.00019170069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963135,0.00026589003,0.000019615105,0.000014184517,0.000012230688,0.00005674479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003099305,0.00006019695,0.00009941256,0.000008156538,0.00017490251,0.000056156765,0.00010758215,0.000022907403,0.00021680759],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036090198,0.000024069335,0.000015309324,0.00012742246,0.000031278632,0.00008506053,0.00012022294,0.0002055769,0.000041534775],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002174708,0.00017400483,0.85021603,0.0000095886935,0.000029166069,0.000060486906,0.0064957095,0.000003259709,0.0037661341,0.000063035724,0.09051319,0.048451945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026436074,0.00018642048,0.8238441,0.00011257337,0.000002313846,0.000014043618,0.03355381,0.00013519333,0.00014368168,0.0003224228,0.1412802,0.00014089218],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009267667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.31199744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3027298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022900238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045458255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122016742","doi":"10.1890/es12-00018.1","title":"A multi‐isotope (δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N, δ<sup>2</sup>H) feather isoscape to assign Afrotropical migrant birds to origins","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Feather; Overwintering; Ecology; Isotope analysis; Geography; Cluster (spacecraft); Isotope; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.012467266548638481,"score_gpt":0.24301140986663805,"score_spread":0.23054414331799958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122016742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9705248,0.00028800435,0.0044185533,0.0025717646,0.00031286478,0.002088135,0.000095199495,0.00038620358,0.01931447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94001406,0.00004433523,0.029890977,0.0060147285,0.0009253632,0.00066104194,0.000040353334,0.00027585326,0.022133255],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99201345,0.0006379583,0.001263542,0.0019075066,0.001250624,0.002926929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9957084,0.00032561328,0.00025623903,0.002143482,0.000081367856,0.0014848829],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010353585,0.0011585671,0.0013423705,0.00018847585,0.0006483045,0.00023245515,0.0020794382,0.00072009617,0.079503074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004844033,0.0010570737,0.00064235204,0.001654234,0.00037713716,0.0009386976,0.0014103748,0.00094112416,0.09101654],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025377775,0.0020960453,0.3295177,0.00004381519,0.00042509893,0.00014712496,0.011722059,0.22769287,0.002703371,0.00021902334,0.4127679,0.012411227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020249018,0.0007516509,0.08288458,0.00006987112,0.00029478542,0.00008845965,0.0021958344,0.08871001,0.0009563577,0.0001009322,0.81995445,0.0019681535],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002803829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031519334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4071866,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015906461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101506186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99918795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122157532","doi":"10.1890/es10-00095.1","title":"‘Structured' beta diversity increases with climatic productivity in a classic dataset","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Center For Environmental Assessment; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Beta diversity; Productivity; Ecology; Diversity (politics); Abiotic component; Alpha diversity; Gamma diversity; Abundance (ecology); Habitat; Biodiversity; BETA (programming language); Biology","score_opus":0.015575395404927526,"score_gpt":0.20174112829798632,"score_spread":0.1861657328930588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122157532","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806721,0.000018469495,0.000040917545,0.0000640042,0.000032166234,0.00014720084,0.00007530954,0.000017383734,0.01893242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976082,0.000006660265,0.0020619277,0.00008062449,0.000006567761,0.000009879951,0.000049922488,0.0000042319975,0.00017198037],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937755,0.00004982084,0.00008543441,0.00023775842,0.00008624304,0.00016319944],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968624,0.000026543172,0.000056006927,0.00019208867,0.0000031931866,0.000035953508],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001209683,0.00009016091,0.000114937124,0.000008115271,0.00019745457,0.000003995111,0.00015098866,0.00003632461,0.003748788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002156629,0.00007200123,0.0000122695,0.00012549643,0.00019158282,0.00023445023,0.000417941,0.00010273272,0.00041715428],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031532618,0.00012366248,0.99194694,0.000009175235,0.000013785986,0.000016730792,0.0007104843,0.00011724236,0.000005496334,0.00009996966,0.0065569566,0.00036805717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002355476,0.00006055406,0.99742854,0.000005372063,0.000015974696,0.0000055828527,0.00018542523,0.00025167913,0.000024631398,0.001509785,0.0001749951,0.00010189786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012557046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09097625,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.089720555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006479539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059293575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971619},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126891746","doi":"10.1890/es14-00332.1","title":"Using species co‐occurrence patterns to quantify relative habitat breadth in terrestrial vertebrates","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Generalist and specialist species; Habitat; Ecology; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Threatened species; Biology; Range (aeronautics); Taxon; Species richness; Biodiversity; Vertebrate; Ecological release","score_opus":0.061171160881463606,"score_gpt":0.2977251521278001,"score_spread":0.2365539912463365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2126891746","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93363786,0.000007816955,0.00075398607,0.0002735934,0.00030757888,0.0001690663,0.00026161427,0.000033439435,0.06455506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910414,0.000009392769,0.00016597367,0.0002252994,0.000049626007,0.000009800176,0.00010234297,0.000008565502,0.0003248419],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988728,0.000069658156,0.00020641953,0.00031502053,0.00021213776,0.00032391888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955475,0.000065684246,0.00006195607,0.00019594189,0.000003651633,0.00011800141],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016136859,0.00014884057,0.00016697768,0.000014976227,0.00009428147,0.000059811235,0.00020796065,0.00006511812,0.06358812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010028227,0.00014132449,0.00004795283,0.00023234608,0.0000817627,0.00024046563,0.00011399066,0.00012522904,0.004731168],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045592144,0.00013816918,0.88685185,0.00000821949,0.000007266831,0.000010386037,0.0008346324,0.00027995012,0.0024561954,0.00082100363,0.10689616,0.0016505712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000577252,0.00009673772,0.9606593,0.00004117967,0.00000578419,0.0000034446366,0.0015361349,0.0013951415,0.0013812362,0.00015132363,0.0338631,0.00028935008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00070149725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010349071,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07380746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041470773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000071229615,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99604374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126906210","doi":"10.1890/es15-00147.1","title":"Negative competitive effects of invasive plants change with time since invasion","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie","keywords":"Interspecific competition; Invasive species; Biology; Ecology; Intraspecific competition; Forb; Competition (biology); Abundance (ecology); Range (aeronautics); Introduced species; Plant ecology; Microcosm; Grassland","score_opus":0.012847823995140907,"score_gpt":0.2079021700450837,"score_spread":0.19505434604994282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2126906210","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9114182,0.00007684228,0.000033567077,0.00014483827,0.000060485352,0.00030074865,0.000007280603,0.000017998667,0.08794006],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978055,0.000030475605,0.0009281257,0.00019810587,0.000014753732,0.000034245244,0.0000066544176,0.000007059685,0.00097509794],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943674,0.00005578431,0.000086887514,0.00016308021,0.00012661247,0.00013088719],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947536,0.00025586147,0.00009993087,0.00009025876,0.00001851741,0.000060068935],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007124126,0.000094840296,0.000150724,0.000007027414,0.00006308647,0.0000034224402,0.00009245359,0.000044015902,0.0003983233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009044275,0.00007457,0.000015584359,0.000088486486,0.00021368041,0.00016570243,0.000109955996,0.00006635493,0.0015659429],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009174319,0.0012013433,0.8699007,0.00030735755,0.00047589713,0.00039046738,0.06263411,0.0029549946,0.0052498872,0.0048014536,0.04496939,0.006196958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022276102,0.0014530171,0.97273487,0.00023846123,0.000037727707,0.000014265613,0.0019206459,0.0011770256,0.016422113,0.002804047,0.000614583,0.0003556266],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012088982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034041076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10283417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007391915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014926479,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99921143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130822107","doi":"10.1890/es12-00379.1","title":"How functional response and productivity modulate intraguild predation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Intraguild predation; Predation; Functional response; Ecology; Predator; Mesocosm; Biology; Productivity; Ecosystem; Economics","score_opus":0.027450377023973765,"score_gpt":0.16457900726742966,"score_spread":0.1371286302434559,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130822107","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98985344,0.00017423942,0.0000019423455,0.008829559,0.000035808356,0.000118945296,0.000010532159,0.000038707443,0.0009368248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99519324,0.000021038539,0.00004236239,0.000038997983,0.00019296353,0.000015386599,0.0000079917545,2.9865413e-7,0.004487724],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995944,0.000032901007,0.000044072876,0.00015706396,0.00006606194,0.000105498126],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983823,0.000060926348,0.000024781577,0.000011158042,0.000032287317,0.00003262145],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000084057436,0.00006182917,0.00006215736,0.0000012813705,0.0001483487,0.00008927458,0.000034942615,0.000029652676,0.0005217429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005805672,0.000021918228,0.000016120084,0.00005899441,0.000025137804,0.00021860574,0.00003500017,0.00004334568,0.00008045915],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018338446,0.00005495802,0.021394992,0.0000055200217,0.00001902967,0.0000013682425,0.00004545523,0.0000032424393,0.75695187,0.00014514473,0.07199888,0.14919616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003952642,0.00008130031,0.9795738,0.0000034441844,0.000002067754,0.0000039801607,0.00008014465,0.00008422701,0.0012913903,0.00061328313,0.018158678,0.00006819277],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006893179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00058290263,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95817876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000067145443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015107562,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5712719},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2132600192","doi":"10.1890/es14-00207.1","title":"Opposing forces: Evaluating multiple ecological roles of Pacific salmon in coastal stream ecosystems","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Hakai Institute; Pacific Salmon Foundation; Leading Edge Endowment Fund; Tula Foundation","keywords":"Benthic zone; Biomass (ecology); Oncorhynchus; Invertebrate; Trophic level; Environmental science; Ecology; Ecosystem; Productivity; Primary producers; STREAMS; Nutrient; Habitat; Disturbance (geology); Fishery; Biology; Phytoplankton; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.015314207598184122,"score_gpt":0.23853922290429344,"score_spread":0.22322501530610933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2132600192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82195973,0.000010962099,0.000087990054,0.00008563751,0.000095813055,0.00022153153,0.0000038243475,0.000026046742,0.17750847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983376,0.000012639911,0.00086643704,0.000051588402,0.000021102063,0.00003430034,0.000006838295,0.000008436296,0.00066101673],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888927,0.00013433666,0.00028654153,0.0002720196,0.00014876752,0.0002690812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944705,0.00022858418,0.00013201685,0.00015148618,0.0000057441343,0.000035101202],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005948034,0.000121865436,0.00022982914,0.0000136133385,0.00012259676,0.000011143211,0.00016151929,0.00007844772,0.0024282557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018603506,0.000107110114,0.000043506705,0.00010634681,0.00010016065,0.00012997337,0.00025999578,0.00009295873,0.00026247563],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032455555,0.00019065588,0.9664844,0.000037778824,0.000017786946,0.0000037270727,0.00040041574,0.006601194,0.00046186728,0.00012631998,0.019271068,0.0063723265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00094890513,0.00053865527,0.92165333,0.00005074372,0.000018260504,0.0000016664966,0.003285802,0.06816243,0.0003001725,0.00075647695,0.00406382,0.00021976388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019250902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08486191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17684746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006494103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036097656,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99848366},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2136449392","doi":"10.1890/es14-00479.1","title":"Phylogenetics to help predict active metabolism","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phylogenetic tree; Phylogenetics; Biology; Trait; Phylogenetic comparative methods; Ecology; Variable (mathematics); Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.012414169702656823,"score_gpt":0.21589934794929472,"score_spread":0.2034851782466379,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2136449392","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5009465,0.000034720066,0.00020813601,0.0011679801,0.00030702798,0.00019406005,0.0000054173065,0.000041838837,0.4970943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97801,0.000023014707,0.002595154,0.0024928618,0.00009032075,0.00005380599,0.0000024964272,0.000011096903,0.016721243],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935335,0.000023723902,0.00007966937,0.00020302068,0.00013127165,0.00020895807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996807,0.000012755828,0.000025607265,0.00015648353,0.0000065493955,0.00011789836],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000097950986,0.000089428875,0.00010382942,0.0000059665977,0.000078501296,0.000008097306,0.00016746974,0.000038517454,0.0043679103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005152865,0.00008143742,0.000021885688,0.00011995743,0.000058640446,0.000074957235,0.00038175413,0.000054619028,0.008780076],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021449212,0.000040633375,0.015021455,0.0000012192634,0.000026727157,0.0000046939504,0.0004233083,0.0008666862,0.000028613007,0.00008888178,0.9796442,0.0038321516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002260728,0.000091329886,0.52782685,0.000001278723,0.0000195514,6.658747e-7,0.00043481722,0.000058074755,0.00037462372,0.001061501,0.46979612,0.00010911483],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000050528604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017689044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5128054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062323335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047267513,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137494977","doi":"10.1890/es14-00202.1","title":"Fine‐scale dynamics and community stability in boreal peatlands: revisiting a fen and a bog in Sweden after 50 years","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Vetenskapsrådet; Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas","keywords":"Bog; Mire; Ombrotrophic; Peat; Sphagnum; Ecology; Environmental science; Moss; Plant community; Vegetation (pathology); Boreal; Climate change; Ecosystem; Testate amoebae; Bryophyte; Physical geography; Ecological succession; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.007429958793791287,"score_gpt":0.21520947534219628,"score_spread":0.20777951654840499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137494977","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9733441,0.000053697455,0.00002221452,0.00020158167,0.00001393211,0.0001185995,0.000010974842,0.000011684835,0.026223242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993406,0.000032910455,0.00036978585,0.000076951,0.000018952138,0.000017540498,0.000024227504,0.000007851058,0.00011119933],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990286,0.0002618677,0.00018517298,0.0002118915,0.000069796486,0.0002426546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995333,0.0001512728,0.000038504826,0.00020036944,0.000002237129,0.00007431094],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007558781,0.00010456041,0.00019984144,0.0000128392085,0.00006565007,0.00002968539,0.00010167729,0.00008311314,0.000511719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000059607264,0.000097872966,0.00001682949,0.0000895687,0.00010383458,0.000107307525,0.00026610243,0.00031433167,0.000015408496],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003240625,0.000042753436,0.9837301,0.0000171234,0.0000013160424,0.000006362305,0.00089234853,0.000008672598,0.000009004216,0.000006837982,0.00019250203,0.015060573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059092965,0.00008124377,0.9922089,0.000027123402,0.0000032690202,0.000007191525,0.00031657927,0.005420432,0.00000237439,0.0005758052,0.00064732815,0.00011880344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005230536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2627797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25754917,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011078592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004490771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7907041},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140195457","doi":"10.1890/es14-00176.1","title":"Recruitment, abundance, and predation on the blue mussel (<i>Mytilus edulis</i>) on northeastern estuarine rocky shores","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Estuary; Bay; Mytilus; Mussel; Abundance (ecology); Fishery; Rocky shore; Intertidal zone; Ecology; Population; Biology; Blue mussel; Predation; Oceanography; Geology","score_opus":0.05265217301271259,"score_gpt":0.23145314038493062,"score_spread":0.178800967372218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140195457","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7356279,0.00015778386,0.0000135503215,0.001053311,0.00025687894,0.00028579042,0.00004186502,0.000031586715,0.26253134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98763293,0.0000975426,0.00005232601,0.0012711181,0.00020345932,0.000007535347,0.00019982191,0.0000040438576,0.010531234],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991657,0.000073898766,0.00013926333,0.00025634133,0.00015288989,0.0002118818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994202,0.00017711743,0.00006172824,0.00020031232,0.000024447785,0.000116185416],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001841876,0.00014369596,0.0001266977,0.000015670546,0.00011476378,0.0000623526,0.00016306009,0.00005878971,0.0016366502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004722678,0.000085704385,0.0000244321,0.000082208615,0.00004262358,0.00009400456,0.000027271155,0.00014321279,0.0009136361],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063344074,0.000084875246,0.20463192,0.00001833815,0.000050894752,0.000029927685,0.00051282026,0.0032017843,0.0000071977324,0.0008506295,0.09770584,0.6922723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00080252695,0.0021831077,0.28387806,0.000048952596,0.000024042407,0.00005756704,0.000843218,0.010678817,0.00012633322,0.0022530628,0.6987127,0.000391572],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040941904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.052184787,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69188076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000038246317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003263565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140297501","doi":"10.1890/es14-00547.1","title":"The effects of grazing on foliar trait diversity and niche differentiation in Tibetan alpine meadows","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; Peking University; Lanzhou University","keywords":"Grazing; Specific leaf area; Niche; Biology; Niche differentiation; Trait; Competition (biology); Ecology; Ecological niche; Agronomy; Botany","score_opus":0.00900094872472247,"score_gpt":0.20366383742021674,"score_spread":0.19466288869549428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140297501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99127233,0.00012387992,0.00007914462,0.00018797535,0.00009754147,0.00010880406,6.9373226e-7,0.0000059477757,0.0081236735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940926,0.000057526264,0.00006076728,0.0000425834,0.00000462985,0.0000043391133,6.9290206e-7,0.000002163099,0.00041801945],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99961704,0.000046569,0.00007383491,0.00009429275,0.00008188898,0.00008634951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997199,0.00014362468,0.000045209083,0.00006177264,0.0000045747943,0.000024918763],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014762225,0.00004939056,0.000072201445,0.0000045171723,0.00021243778,0.0000042063434,0.00006860439,0.00003127451,0.000024613973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000085710715,0.00003565334,0.000013883505,0.000052722316,0.0000742853,0.00006235704,0.00020362524,0.000060399772,0.000023464881],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016786575,0.00004222975,0.99363846,0.000010222552,0.000012594402,0.0000013052304,0.0014154642,0.0003060247,0.00007586025,0.0010611311,0.0010833355,0.0023366048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038394303,0.000088536406,0.9915426,0.000008184935,0.000008155666,2.130633e-7,0.00010091496,0.0023220829,0.00008158781,0.0053645787,0.000060045004,0.000039151502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013634602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010779533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010643187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048302834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017412364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6015232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2142109006","doi":"10.1890/es13-00086.1","title":"Charcoal carbon pool in North American boreal forests","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Charcoal; Chronosequence; Taiga; Boreal; Ecological succession; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Soil water; Fire regime; Ecology; Forestry; Chemistry; Biology; Geography; Soil science","score_opus":0.0028561146057853506,"score_gpt":0.1852455983103614,"score_spread":0.18238948370457603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2142109006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9144689,0.000008255243,0.000018000674,0.00009472431,0.00013040211,0.00021270246,0.000002967473,0.000054565677,0.08500948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99923164,0.0000023216055,0.0001311264,0.00012121327,0.00009074659,0.000035742414,0.0000070309707,0.00002518434,0.00035502022],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987941,0.00009557106,0.00018113732,0.00032157497,0.00022475164,0.00038290603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994205,0.000057019955,0.000084124105,0.0003164232,0.000002409923,0.00011948904],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019721044,0.00014666485,0.000202236,0.000012269895,0.000033834935,0.000017899363,0.0002510628,0.00003319105,0.0004919147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046334924,0.0001379998,0.000036601476,0.00033564735,0.00008735754,0.00009407583,0.00010249342,0.00013906712,0.001532799],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009295896,0.00003813961,0.9483283,0.000007235858,0.000002654048,0.000010109046,0.00012546912,0.00041277663,0.000045007135,0.0000066152656,0.0035685769,0.047445808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024125882,0.00013621405,0.9530695,0.0000069698194,0.0000023602247,0.0000037329937,0.000015762294,0.041597355,0.00011648519,0.000018026796,0.0046262406,0.00016607765],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024687486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.42809972,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40341225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019002585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060686716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99924463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2144624847","doi":"10.1890/es14-00158.1","title":"Macrophyte biomass predicts food chain length in shallow lakes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Macrophyte; Trophic level; Food chain; Biomass (ecology); Ecosystem; Environmental science; Lake ecosystem; Ecology; Productivity; Apex predator; Food web; Trophic cascade; Biology","score_opus":0.01418223572392109,"score_gpt":0.20159983207732277,"score_spread":0.1874175963534017,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2144624847","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6807921,0.00007194591,0.000024831385,0.0009878277,0.00020659654,0.0001499496,0.0000036430192,0.00004557857,0.31771755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929446,0.00002561561,0.00033845054,0.000436764,0.000035624453,0.000041122024,0.0000032847263,0.00000955927,0.0061649596],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991809,0.000035070778,0.00012736517,0.00024719792,0.00013163328,0.00027779737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997145,0.00001865128,0.00003793492,0.00015749078,0.0000032117528,0.00006821432],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020408523,0.000109391316,0.00012321689,0.000011490616,0.00006498333,0.000010778588,0.00018464199,0.000060127317,0.0023727603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043832206,0.00010159431,0.000023564275,0.00016502354,0.00010006734,0.00014975695,0.00027599596,0.00008038707,0.0023374725],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026870288,0.00013112406,0.4686848,0.000012229135,0.000030365341,0.00004052143,0.0005913269,0.00028240602,0.000023345112,0.00024064307,0.528464,0.0014723729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00092102244,0.00035952663,0.91034776,0.000009886391,0.00000909239,0.0000017147261,0.00050998956,0.00064505223,0.00007771059,0.002645763,0.08427056,0.00020192406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008748099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04053119,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44419342,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010180661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005591484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985392},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148252262","doi":"10.1890/es13-00135.1","title":"Functional diversity and management mediate aboveground carbon stocks in small forest fragments","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Biodiversity; Species richness; Ecosystem; Ecology; Environmental science; Carbon stock; Fragmentation (computing); Ecosystem services; Forest management; Agroforestry; Climate change; Biology","score_opus":0.009888999956544983,"score_gpt":0.16342670280093533,"score_spread":0.15353770284439033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148252262","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95139873,0.000064049345,0.0000085195215,0.00008187578,0.00012583037,0.00023433831,0.0000013419294,0.000015261472,0.048070073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988956,0.00007417234,0.000104636165,0.00012625473,0.000024639108,0.000027959568,0.000004701092,0.0000053189888,0.00073673757],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937266,0.000014348742,0.00009969269,0.00020816378,0.00012032651,0.00018482233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977285,0.0000112457,0.000033488905,0.00010888259,0.0000023278,0.000071209106],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007428163,0.000088427994,0.00008402076,0.000008892776,0.00014982646,0.00002451773,0.00010823489,0.000041745676,0.004787327],"category_scores_gemma":[8.1837845e-7,0.000073263895,0.000015339907,0.00006852856,0.000009400493,0.0001742708,0.0006698131,0.000051479066,0.0009066533],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000060005495,0.000035027315,0.995292,0.000027927828,0.000012372475,0.000008230894,0.00018183753,0.0007124188,0.0000047642975,0.000013267238,0.0018591504,0.0018470119],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042221163,0.00001858041,0.993388,0.000015074198,0.0000074204545,0.000001036785,0.00014279516,0.0042878813,0.0000045293687,0.00088041986,0.0007329011,0.00009912614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009517921,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.050041836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04749687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007870834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010252113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2148862206","doi":"10.1890/es13-00100.1","title":"High predation on small populations: avian predation on imperiled salmonids","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Southwest Fisheries Science Center; California Department of Parks and Recreation","keywords":"Predation; Generalist and specialist species; Biology; Threatened species; Ecology; Predator; Foraging; Fishery; Habitat","score_opus":0.014902097471370793,"score_gpt":0.20895440775091007,"score_spread":0.1940523102795393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2148862206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9695532,0.000004005358,0.00020378786,0.002094073,0.0003628118,0.0005342039,0.000005023911,0.000095484975,0.027147459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915261,0.000004515483,0.0018378665,0.0011741184,0.00009587049,0.00017512473,0.00015009275,0.00001622893,0.0050200485],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990246,0.00008012249,0.00022494124,0.00031361255,0.00015400164,0.00020270247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994692,0.000051940267,0.00011411892,0.00028564988,0.0000137037305,0.00006535579],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011455174,0.0001391972,0.000102844315,0.000016413367,0.00021090735,0.000046903137,0.00014454615,0.00014026921,0.02858981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007246398,0.00013296373,0.000036968544,0.00014765497,0.000040772324,0.00038764978,0.000039977545,0.00012977533,0.018409567],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008718646,0.00039712584,0.740404,0.00000930101,0.00002201468,0.000002267801,0.00028847114,0.01897573,0.0008365947,0.005578419,0.19003497,0.043363906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028644607,0.00021601593,0.9893805,0.0000139576905,0.0000081447515,9.717724e-7,0.00003413862,0.003374578,0.00031317354,0.0047767214,0.001446925,0.0001484413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00074436923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010075727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24897647,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001897481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000970443,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9823547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149851999","doi":"10.1890/es12-00121.1","title":"Stability and persistence of food webs with omnivory: Is there a general pattern?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Omnivore; Ecology; Predation; Intraguild predation; Food web; Biology; Apex predator; Microcosm; Persistence (discontinuity); Food chain; Predator","score_opus":0.052479242532498575,"score_gpt":0.18305797199385004,"score_spread":0.13057872946135146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149851999","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99200064,0.0020862813,4.7671085e-7,0.00027376262,0.000012190599,0.00006063422,0.000069552414,0.00001299501,0.0054834653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995709,0.000077671786,0.000036736517,0.00007338916,0.00008442916,0.000003106149,0.0000019436097,4.1229066e-7,0.00015141354],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956095,0.00001680632,0.00006605844,0.000113070586,0.000078309036,0.00016479753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984276,0.00003232653,0.000038166265,0.00001612364,0.000020201633,0.000050415914],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006012272,0.00007661002,0.00011332527,6.7771595e-7,0.000082725695,0.000010157121,0.000064046784,0.000028229008,0.0009970836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000033142856,0.00002393568,0.000029548575,0.000053095842,0.00005302296,0.00007745909,0.000040772684,0.00003852789,0.000015551583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023521174,0.000068124864,0.97680247,0.000017127439,0.000027574095,5.215057e-7,0.00041171777,3.436279e-8,0.012261378,0.000040201543,0.0014695824,0.008877764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006761164,0.000378132,0.9892931,0.000014256774,0.000009243333,0.0000035539074,0.0011895503,0.000006714146,0.0042392067,0.000030601965,0.0046768007,0.00009125973],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008492694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003419421,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012490616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000049550813,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017187806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2152306400","doi":"10.1890/es11-00282.1","title":"The influence of climate change, site type, and disturbance on stand dynamics in northwest British Columbia, Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Disturbance (geology); Environmental science; Ecology; Forest dynamics; Competition (biology); Precipitation; Ecosystem; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.0035147388593914394,"score_gpt":0.18351000128685488,"score_spread":0.17999526242746344,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2152306400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9915472,0.0005615608,2.8822444e-7,0.000066372224,0.000084311236,0.00010798511,0.000053942964,0.0000035413168,0.007574745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980553,0.001224057,0.000024032013,0.0001206278,0.000008091546,0.000012862458,0.0000043542223,0.00000427454,0.0005464356],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994974,0.000020093057,0.0001091804,0.00009566596,0.00007777642,0.00019988841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997311,0.00008499761,0.00005841902,0.0000822884,0.000009285125,0.000033867254],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010856422,0.00004514727,0.000078998164,0.0000013831894,0.00017866961,0.000016139418,0.00006330642,0.000026516935,0.00008054112],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035946156,0.000051584193,0.0000057742395,0.00011240107,0.00012501636,0.00010422636,0.00007291997,0.000071622584,0.000013289836],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000040317173,0.000016954535,0.9969677,0.000007734113,0.0000027371022,0.000002214587,0.00009696981,0.0002860064,6.6061176e-7,0.000058361715,0.0006712482,0.0018853813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009234709,0.000022608536,0.99779844,0.000018254306,0.0000025311092,0.0000018903603,0.0001148134,0.0005547529,2.4847114e-7,0.000046492896,0.0012884707,0.000059134574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7062221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9997645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29354236,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017183842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011500508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29573417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154282371","doi":"10.1890/es12-00026.1","title":"Calculating long‐term fire frequency at the stand scale from charcoal data","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Charcoal; Environmental science; Fire regime; Radiocarbon dating; Physical geography; Fire history; Forestry; Pinus <genus>; Hydrology (agriculture); Geography; Archaeology; Ecology; Geology; Ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.01805033330908216,"score_gpt":0.2391307832342647,"score_spread":0.22108044992518255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154282371","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97291255,0.0020257856,0.00008006456,0.00017628251,0.0005799669,0.00032168353,0.00024715532,0.00006017811,0.023596335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966729,0.000015644842,0.00045082642,0.0001137981,0.0003839588,0.00001636867,0.00012993453,0.00003281515,0.0021837186],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983895,0.00012176584,0.0002240623,0.0004048176,0.00035901234,0.00050086406],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99826103,0.00015297043,0.000115474984,0.0012961995,0.0000032420155,0.00017109855],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046654505,0.00018309748,0.00016623829,0.0000024458243,0.00032368506,0.00005467423,0.00080796547,0.00008592629,0.033653364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050187537,0.00012933035,0.000044131004,0.000109200104,0.000110237,0.0006881448,0.0010256284,0.00016766287,0.011082037],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005718224,0.00005125266,0.91309816,0.000014277488,0.000018659499,0.000007514236,0.0005493719,0.000020077921,0.0023194938,0.0000019366364,0.058649883,0.025263643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024830023,0.000020440268,0.9844393,0.000047944493,0.000023261642,0.000013274447,0.000058751466,0.0046988013,0.0006794209,0.000020731251,0.009506098,0.0002436527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004455268,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009080999,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07134115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002948288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008535786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9896879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2156555857","doi":"10.1890/es14-00402.1","title":"The Tao of open science for ecology","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Research Data Management Practices","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":195,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Mindset; Open science; Transparency (behavior); Openness to experience; Process (computing); Stewardship (theology); Data sharing; Open data; Best practice; Ecology; Computer science; Sociology; Knowledge management; Engineering ethics; Political science; Psychology; Engineering; World Wide Web; Social psychology; Biology; Computer security; Law","score_opus":0.18250659853995263,"score_gpt":0.43335991608851676,"score_spread":0.2508533175485641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2156555857","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.024164524,0.00035245172,0.30948737,0.03109257,0.001469137,0.0023190153,0.000011392467,0.00007474817,0.6310288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7156928,0.00023429285,0.2518769,0.00056956266,0.00009664307,0.00028368755,0.0000032178993,0.000013931615,0.03122897],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989489,0.000060201495,0.00012751423,0.0002786771,0.00030854475,0.00027618554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99810433,0.00041765173,0.00011313791,0.0010331272,0.00024042648,0.00009135023],"candidate_categories":["scholarly_communication","open_science"],"consensus_categories":["scholarly_communication"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004488918,0.000044718643,0.000073544536,0.000018765391,0.00023944817,0.0023283982,0.012011578,0.000012700082,0.000013223435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021739015,0.000029779381,0.000014823704,0.00044204056,0.00020755811,0.016129673,0.004888957,0.00005137639,0.000073642426],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001520232,0.00003482621,0.00026101494,0.000006423923,0.000009576031,0.000001716438,0.000068164976,0.000036632086,0.00006898031,0.7563051,0.22201525,0.021177148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044081875,0.00026711222,0.0040907133,0.0000040804193,0.0000025121321,0.0000019957076,0.00022842038,0.013158479,0.0013491891,0.020399567,0.9599804,0.00007670889],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008842778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029101313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73796517,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004294803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004853843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2160398156","doi":"10.1890/es11-00185.1","title":"Complex reef architecture supports more small-bodied fishes and longer food chains on Caribbean reefs","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":123,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Reef; Coral reef; Coral reef fish; Resilience of coral reefs; Ecology; Aquaculture of coral; Fishery; Coral; Coral reef protection; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.032808575546747855,"score_gpt":0.1987147450826291,"score_spread":0.16590616953588125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2160398156","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76040775,0.000058255107,0.000028690407,0.00060862664,0.00013726822,0.00027394242,0.000030330155,0.00010313047,0.23835202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926391,0.000022485869,0.0008336758,0.00037340098,0.00007952751,0.000030844276,0.0000138338755,0.0000233281,0.005983786],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987923,0.000032062373,0.0001995681,0.00044881698,0.00016413417,0.00036314983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994033,0.000032175285,0.000080079655,0.0003327765,0.0000074692903,0.00014421475],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009870231,0.00024087953,0.0002515086,0.000012899411,0.00020626718,0.000021700911,0.0001848469,0.00006941262,0.0044557936],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024012403,0.0001908093,0.0000691148,0.00009417855,0.00013877454,0.000057287416,0.00043720382,0.00016334161,0.00029771755],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020705406,0.00042675715,0.41786584,0.00015078143,0.00019836903,0.00020843612,0.012927369,0.000033296274,0.00037934404,0.0007408986,0.44316533,0.123696536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037291716,0.00052994344,0.9477604,0.000028925902,0.000023168937,0.00003204579,0.00056382065,0.00012222915,0.0001968173,0.0008778547,0.049132016,0.00035986432],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012819805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.027761333,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5298946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000537154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051103016,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99645424},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2162825023","doi":"10.1890/es13-00336.1","title":"Climate change impacts on connectivity in the ocean: Implications for conservation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Climate change; Habitat; Disturbance (geology); Ecology; Spatial ecology; Landscape connectivity; Environmental science; Marine spatial planning; Environmental resource management; Functional connectivity; Geography; Biology; Population","score_opus":0.036010586752161344,"score_gpt":0.2620552228205757,"score_spread":0.22604463606841435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2162825023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97498965,0.00009060353,0.00013989976,0.0122715365,0.00011976004,0.0006037558,0.00013132102,0.000029386627,0.011624098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966741,0.00004140247,0.000102709935,0.0029389805,0.00012570836,0.000008586081,0.000076656026,0.0000026091247,0.00002920083],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936754,0.00014647478,0.000103837505,0.0001441218,0.000059737493,0.00017828762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985307,0.0011632135,0.000061217506,0.00018707085,0.000022104943,0.000035682875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000665293,0.000072676376,0.00008051461,0.000019135035,0.00017585089,0.000049757702,0.00012877567,0.00003860789,0.00019834495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021057608,0.000044703724,0.000033307544,0.00013457457,0.000026264459,0.000113845315,0.0000022970871,0.00005851713,0.00016500661],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033393054,0.00014459979,0.66006196,0.000097605654,0.000010888038,9.430553e-7,0.0009324812,0.0006393477,0.000081868384,0.021356594,0.058754023,0.25758573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022445084,0.00017719896,0.9775575,0.000014035098,0.0000035256949,0.000002196559,0.00006372997,0.005339964,0.000054853266,0.0015160546,0.014977351,0.00006916536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015812439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018372405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3174955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000033206531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010828383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21717381},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164347165","doi":"10.1890/es14-00421.1","title":"Effects of large‐scale gold mining on migratory behavior of a large herbivore","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Russian Science Foundation; Barrick Gold Corporation","keywords":"Odocoileus; Herbivore; Disturbance (geology); Ecology; Resource (disambiguation); Movement (music); Geography; Environmental science; Biology; Geology; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.00799948577228342,"score_gpt":0.22573010661861584,"score_spread":0.2177306208463324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164347165","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852952,0.00010137717,0.00002214901,0.000045132874,0.00013434098,0.00017697307,0.0000072851017,0.000017607399,0.014199928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997085,0.0000022030192,0.0008387636,0.00034923523,0.000020195184,0.00003253944,0.0000045900033,0.000009556834,0.0016579254],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992647,0.00006038961,0.00016465846,0.00016809122,0.00015961732,0.00018251408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957824,0.00006005786,0.00011195814,0.00016755796,0.000010669564,0.00007150313],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021466213,0.000088959656,0.000152394,0.000008214965,0.000030144964,0.0000024072276,0.00013399732,0.00010514319,0.00068427186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047425416,0.00008452894,0.00004813879,0.0001167613,0.00005763203,0.00009378583,0.00006749045,0.00007902973,0.0003073616],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035670648,0.0006357338,0.89990044,0.00003685439,0.000008927049,0.000008348759,0.0015016735,0.000060669798,0.001315546,0.00004404216,0.09603026,0.00042181998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085474824,0.0002525717,0.9887487,0.000034329714,0.000029049907,0.000001444286,0.0007516056,0.0002311421,0.0061124084,0.000036474197,0.0028451346,0.00010238081],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006143073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007448509,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09318512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004881036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017166652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74922967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2164850638","doi":"10.1890/es11-00283.1","title":"Intraspecific variation in response to warming across levels of organization: a test with<i>Solidago altissima</i>","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant responses to elevated CO2","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Ecosystem; Intraspecific competition; Latitude; Biomass (ecology); Ecology; Botany; Geography","score_opus":0.023348705788384643,"score_gpt":0.2162163954387495,"score_spread":0.19286768965036485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2164850638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99828154,0.000019713607,0.000038196795,0.00035214884,0.000035917066,0.00019615717,0.00012590006,0.000049184724,0.0009012545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99850833,0.0000051313596,0.00082093856,0.00009790531,0.00003802143,0.000007547205,0.000008797386,0.0000021033193,0.0005112109],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999001,0.00009897507,0.0002418823,0.00024875597,0.0001493322,0.00026000448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991854,0.00045885664,0.000098814744,0.00007569396,0.00011361404,0.00006760899],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003330044,0.000118930984,0.00015864252,0.000009160938,0.00007881457,0.000028652043,0.00023104358,0.00008415779,0.0024637508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048672405,0.000052278898,0.000016834467,0.0010355399,0.00002503888,0.00013963527,0.0000556701,0.00008959236,0.00014863949],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081984105,0.00016025912,0.016240241,0.000005106036,0.000007974754,0.00004847576,0.0030398646,0.000024864621,0.9658111,0.000046558212,0.0005591149,0.013236603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016551172,0.000404038,0.9547292,0.000058093403,0.0000033441627,0.000031323336,0.00052031287,0.000016992646,0.042411797,0.000055675064,0.0014480689,0.00015565484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020962665,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024055645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.93848896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045530127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027395798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99844813},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2165621304","doi":"10.1890/es15-00131.1","title":"Choosing species for reforestation in diverse forest communities: social preference versus ecological suitability","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"University of Alberta; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada","keywords":"Reforestation; Agroforestry; Geography; Ecology; Rainforest; Forest management; Ecosystem services; Biodiversity; Forestry; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.1200304899524167,"score_gpt":0.29344947038359315,"score_spread":0.17341898043117643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2165621304","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94841737,0.000009512421,0.00025183609,0.00023928912,0.00021154062,0.00024731414,0.000015582686,0.000025398691,0.050582156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99806654,0.000007953133,0.0012023974,0.000048294885,0.000027016415,0.00007166721,0.00003683883,0.000004640325,0.000534621],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932975,0.00007865314,0.00015554849,0.00013521506,0.0000945406,0.00020629632],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995237,0.00026431202,0.0000619514,0.00009123632,0.000020762902,0.000038062033],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003319969,0.000086208376,0.00012343585,0.000008096478,0.00026378888,0.000016038259,0.00014720926,0.00008193327,0.00066916057],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001847756,0.000079365556,0.00003250324,0.00008499615,0.00025026972,0.00019880221,0.00015980452,0.00011145141,0.00013508326],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026384473,0.0001791747,0.97494423,0.000011839569,0.000010854395,0.0000014355481,0.0072550634,0.0066816136,0.0000047898934,0.003466639,0.006187898,0.0009926353],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011389385,0.00016952683,0.97308356,0.000002526931,0.000006422748,2.0591155e-7,0.010289531,0.0051305178,0.000002814601,0.008831205,0.0012445928,0.000100192534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003202097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14749564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14717543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043189092,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001682032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86806035},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2168299737","doi":"10.1890/es12-00344.1","title":"Short‐term resistance of ecosystem properties and processes to simulated mountain pine beetle attack in a novel region","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Understory; Salvage logging; Mountain pine beetle; Disturbance (geology); Environmental science; Ecosystem; Ecology; Forest floor; Litter; Forest ecology; Chronosequence; Biology; Canopy","score_opus":0.0194316443237765,"score_gpt":0.21416664453988965,"score_spread":0.19473500021611315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2168299737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922562,0.000109046625,0.000049089223,0.00021901823,0.000027488159,0.000652699,0.0000020681273,0.000020341979,0.0066640293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995575,0.000016965581,0.0002980548,0.000098799974,0.0000068456984,0.000065606815,0.0000014724554,0.000009759835,0.003927489],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927634,0.000016847807,0.00020127384,0.00023199232,0.0000888979,0.00018467048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997183,0.0000170982,0.000044465152,0.00015839812,0.000012805912,0.000048927956],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008276514,0.000100106896,0.00014416908,0.0000156432,0.000043016382,0.000015159009,0.00013278771,0.000051924373,0.000573561],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037404418,0.00008410797,0.000011332612,0.00021793004,0.00005196999,0.00019782931,0.00013509806,0.000050645995,0.00022429993],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00080605096,0.0018827253,0.63014823,0.0041884594,0.0001370788,0.00008922395,0.010798806,0.1616057,0.056889884,0.00058378914,0.12592392,0.00694617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006121214,0.00020639076,0.9851111,0.0002907139,0.000010061694,0.0000054145435,0.00038642972,0.0038359708,0.0020131683,0.00016975017,0.0070637167,0.000295136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031529722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.023529897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35496292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011212418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010240293,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99428815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171255895","doi":"10.1890/es13-00308.1","title":"Bees collect polyurethane and polyethylene plastics as novel nest materials","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Brood; Nest (protein structural motif); Biology; Adaptation (eye); Ecology","score_opus":0.018726943879219967,"score_gpt":0.17221013462759793,"score_spread":0.15348319074837796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2171255895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9895086,0.00045182736,2.9287878e-7,0.00093218987,0.00008535298,0.0001361518,0.00008618686,0.000043315355,0.008756082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99478984,0.00018030695,0.0000842831,0.00023920512,0.0003099533,0.000011773874,0.0000136781255,8.5500596e-7,0.0043701],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993939,0.000015985774,0.00012137984,0.00016091901,0.000081950515,0.0002259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996765,0.00016644878,0.000046778492,0.000012173321,0.000030131921,0.00006794833],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000048289025,0.00011499519,0.00016394096,0.0000019128402,0.00023249752,0.000076431985,0.000087251094,0.000074403,0.0050194273],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004645306,0.000041444884,0.000020666901,0.00008525183,0.000044232107,0.00007432416,0.00007814564,0.000050906063,0.0006050332],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017750534,0.000024801047,0.0026788472,0.0000051093366,0.000013297749,0.000002263163,0.0000392623,9.029814e-8,0.96896464,0.00014810442,0.02527657,0.0028292756],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019421556,0.00030349198,0.9494638,0.000027968767,0.0000110562805,0.00001885614,0.00052374054,0.000005031712,0.031288285,0.00045110367,0.01748811,0.00022435974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019945113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027159175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9467849,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000069238745,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036329013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99589014},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2172512356","doi":"10.1890/es15-00148.1","title":"Mitigation of pollen limitation in the lowbush blueberry agroecosystem: effect of augmenting natural pollinators","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Simon Fraser University; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Pollinator; Pollination; Pollen; Biology; Hand-pollination; Pollen source; Open pollination; Outcrossing; Pollination management; Reproductive success; Honey bee; Agronomy; Botany; Horticulture; Population","score_opus":0.023424145461188026,"score_gpt":0.20941794591157017,"score_spread":0.18599380045038216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2172512356","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.994917,0.00084326806,9.215027e-8,0.00025197578,0.000050705665,0.00014587688,0.0000111304225,0.0000084248395,0.00377157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997885,0.0000141158125,0.000010961712,0.000014559832,0.000059780137,0.000005496889,0.000016006092,3.748679e-7,0.00009015958],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935967,0.00011626188,0.0001774256,0.000086598484,0.0001549312,0.000105140025],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995506,0.0002595761,0.00012229744,0.00001409099,0.000037100745,0.0000163572],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043336392,0.00006900434,0.00014736611,0.0000041226112,0.00004196189,0.000010079312,0.00011773298,0.00003484987,0.000017712302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009007161,0.00002146857,0.000052226467,0.00019264051,0.00001990514,0.00007258723,0.00002201413,0.000053921693,0.000013534814],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038794352,0.00025229092,0.70176715,0.000311396,0.0001114919,0.000014944866,0.004486214,0.0000658444,0.20055576,0.0010266582,0.029607043,0.061413277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036150962,0.0004927219,0.98339564,0.0001178102,0.000017856943,0.0000031079433,0.0035765017,0.00022619289,0.010668252,0.00023140978,0.00080475904,0.00010422597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002704673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043641226,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28162852,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013765569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031943896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24352829},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2173148376","doi":"10.1890/es14-00516.1","title":"Ontogenetic differences in Atlantic salmon phosphorus concentration and its implications for cross ecosystem fluxes","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Spawn (biology); Salmo; Ecosystem; Trophic level; Nutrient; Biology; Ecology; Biogeochemical cycle; Ontogeny; Life history theory; Salmonidae; Environmental science; Fishery; Life history","score_opus":0.02501609583193496,"score_gpt":0.25199317491204065,"score_spread":0.2269770790801057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2173148376","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98628515,0.00031196995,0.000075854536,0.0007513359,0.000105301464,0.0004971872,0.0000094113875,0.000021529317,0.011942256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99867624,0.00013081274,0.0001448402,0.00012242823,0.000015194636,0.00016456153,0.0000075605813,0.0000051968145,0.0007331926],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937904,0.000021319425,0.00014388682,0.00021967985,0.000049932507,0.00018616859],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997589,0.00004903292,0.00005059969,0.00008311642,0.0000086232785,0.000049719638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001268611,0.00008428657,0.000118125594,0.0000035079258,0.00011746802,0.00002678919,0.00009494877,0.000045704994,0.00017958645],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004130699,0.00007668598,0.000014384552,0.00006498229,0.000041853782,0.00012023357,0.00008105698,0.00003122272,0.00013371602],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014966695,0.00003341538,0.97596115,0.000012578756,0.000008316552,5.3139695e-7,0.00019825267,0.00009709858,0.000028730465,0.00048497308,0.022770168,0.00038983522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044700404,0.000092552335,0.99330336,0.0000074463323,0.000009672743,0.0000011638028,0.00012643402,0.0014376721,0.00006523095,0.001079155,0.0033360498,0.000094289695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008807398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014649985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019434117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007912593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006382947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8175036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178345017","doi":"10.1890/es14-00473.1","title":"Ants, elevation, phylogenetic diversity and community structure","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Alpha diversity; Phylogenetic diversity; Ecology; Beta diversity; Phylogenetic tree; Biology; Taxon; Elevation (ballistics); Phylogenetics; Gamma diversity; Habitat","score_opus":0.0719537514187439,"score_gpt":0.1992558193832729,"score_spread":0.12730206796452898,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2178345017","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968072,0.00039175324,1.7999909e-7,0.00016953121,0.000020765401,0.00003595755,0.00004611325,0.000022000819,0.0025064843],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99958974,0.000029687262,0.000023573355,0.00009396031,0.00006461194,3.4480215e-7,0.000011572918,1.660986e-7,0.00018637083],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996923,0.000050588027,0.00004119075,0.00006521041,0.00006392794,0.00008673325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998413,0.00004313008,0.000020724638,0.000011323955,0.000031035703,0.000052529245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007471746,0.00005346682,0.0000659438,7.479359e-7,0.0008736407,0.00001407221,0.000093154355,0.000031165782,0.0001527257],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026052643,0.00001951026,0.000010776037,0.000058393467,0.000028746772,0.000037424343,0.00032662268,0.00008945008,0.000015967686],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024332918,0.000046840458,0.92473614,0.0000052145397,0.000017606926,0.0000026811722,0.0009974191,0.000001666799,0.025449172,0.00008816026,0.029946065,0.018684698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066284825,0.00010070923,0.9899083,0.0000026727778,0.000003863116,0.000002507018,0.00095958693,0.000008090815,0.00017491652,0.0016169307,0.0070930244,0.00006313542],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007594343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011768803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.065172136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006664169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001263232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6719426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2179649576","doi":"10.1890/es14-00451.1","title":"Control mechanisms of photosynthetic epibionts on zooplankton: an experimental approach","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; GDG Environnement","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","keywords":"Epibiont; Zooplankton; Predation; Water column; Population; Biology; Ecology; Crustacean","score_opus":0.016949479189211403,"score_gpt":0.22619964473853552,"score_spread":0.2092501655493241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2179649576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8372518,0.00002607933,0.006936344,0.000015879023,0.0002180811,0.00035988312,0.000038560927,0.00003623252,0.15511714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99619603,4.662406e-7,0.0030080767,0.00011274019,0.000031313506,0.000028105535,0.000016188755,0.000020906497,0.00058617006],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998789,0.000087043314,0.00025155168,0.00030183644,0.00034859809,0.00022192868],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992419,0.000026255682,0.00013206608,0.0003783946,0.00000771267,0.00021366723],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030754216,0.0001650022,0.00024821903,0.000008814041,0.00005152854,0.000015460659,0.00025065677,0.00008937944,0.0028856725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013847267,0.00014078083,0.00005452567,0.00007783247,0.00005909485,0.00012630946,0.000047904243,0.00008648579,0.0010496376],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0035717445,0.019903656,0.03916586,0.00035970387,0.0005306673,0.00023049678,0.019916946,0.2205065,0.2918704,0.21555027,0.1699806,0.01841315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012288073,0.008016384,0.00609347,0.00018587739,0.00011801623,0.00019770418,0.009702849,0.71339655,0.21388379,0.01956559,0.0140947085,0.0024569966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029258372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013467444,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49289003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001295469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015780932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99972814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2183231009","doi":"10.1890/es15-00207.1","title":"Beyond species richness: an empirical test of top predators as surrogates for functional diversity and endemism","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of British Columbia","funders":"Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Peregrine Fund","keywords":"Generalist and specialist species; Biodiversity; Ecology; Habitat; Species richness; Endemism; Temperate rainforest; Temperate forest; Geography; Biology; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.030022786085936393,"score_gpt":0.25415555434398246,"score_spread":0.22413276825804607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2183231009","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9694697,0.000056759087,0.00014516494,0.0002551039,0.00010759575,0.000095975825,0.000021681086,0.000015609987,0.029832402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960404,0.000010767884,0.0008662345,0.00008966126,0.000025174548,0.0000070412143,0.000011141212,0.0000033597355,0.0029461929],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995235,0.000017147107,0.00009100006,0.00016337867,0.000100088124,0.00010485838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996064,0.00017992353,0.000049268827,0.00007079366,0.000021689584,0.00007196935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015864708,0.00006697285,0.00009923223,0.0000057437605,0.00028800106,0.0000049503233,0.000072429495,0.000057068413,0.000821484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016638952,0.00006076193,0.000021322823,0.000055066048,0.00020640207,0.00016954921,0.0003144255,0.000044167547,0.00005161665],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017672388,0.00007676061,0.9848575,0.0000050278495,0.000011455976,5.017234e-7,0.001075599,0.00024664495,0.0000319292,0.0003525235,0.013206897,0.00011746348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036339223,0.00020643577,0.9845606,0.000001450644,0.000016437738,0.0000024842564,0.0011154666,0.0011648721,0.0001183143,0.010451758,0.0019218888,0.000076866665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003490451,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008996554,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02688621,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043004726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010230666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.89946735},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2190526372","doi":"10.1890/es15-00304.1","title":"Experimental assessment of gene flow between transgenic squash and a wild relative in the center of origin of cucurbits","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Backcrossing; Hybrid; Introgression; Transgene; Genetics; Cucurbita pepo; Zucchini yellow mosaic virus; Gene flow; Cucurbita; Biosafety; Botany; Gene; Plant virus; Biotechnology; Virus; Genetic variation; Potyvirus","score_opus":0.01833418755273934,"score_gpt":0.33041376009203116,"score_spread":0.3120795725392918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2190526372","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99305236,0.0017156667,0.0032901545,0.000019826508,0.000029027686,0.00011752873,0.000030933767,0.0000010646665,0.001743423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965113,0.000034928147,0.0033539252,0.000006733102,0.000028799377,0.0000058923933,0.000022853952,0.0000068656354,0.000028734648],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995212,0.000031666652,0.00017666763,0.00010635186,0.00008541739,0.00007868179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999761,0.000009316543,0.00004669355,0.00013245638,0.000024015768,0.000026535794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012842267,0.00007040497,0.00013183277,0.000008951831,0.000005532937,0.0000017067805,0.00008304127,0.000052727148,0.000012716546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006186606,0.00005625197,0.000039651768,0.00005031114,0.000033865796,0.0000025564705,0.000021038837,0.000044605298,2.410478e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006105606,0.00027677903,0.09593983,0.00009372637,0.0001515898,0.0000013322698,0.0030537331,0.0017819917,0.8958093,0.00010099155,0.0011623186,0.0015673859],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012562969,0.0005007817,0.04435934,0.00003052092,0.00001860977,0.0000025753395,0.0007809946,0.0003924713,0.9514415,0.000025312089,0.0010990384,0.00009254943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020260604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026102229,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05563224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000062686704,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003040872,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22938888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2192635830","doi":"10.1890/es15-00337.1","title":"Parasitism and food web dynamics of juvenile Pacific salmon","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Parasite Biology and Host Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Vancouver Coastal Health; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Trusts; Watershed Watch Salmon Society","keywords":"Lepeophtheirus; Predation; Biology; Oncorhynchus; Parasitism; Juvenile; Food web; Ecology; Host (biology); Sympatric speciation; Fishery; Zoology; Salmo; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.013425826766090155,"score_gpt":0.26920739454576986,"score_spread":0.2557815677796797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2192635830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79156667,0.00009962697,0.000051374365,0.00018480864,0.0001218296,0.000043476182,0.000036225767,0.000014001938,0.207882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951367,0.000018774275,0.00044530496,0.000024556086,0.000013128199,0.0000043079485,0.000011502107,0.000004593876,0.0043411595],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99959546,0.000023328312,0.000100570294,0.00012274254,0.00005572585,0.000102187325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974465,0.000022942804,0.00004820256,0.00010780909,0.000004310128,0.0000720618],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007187971,0.000059196555,0.00009000789,0.000004795721,0.000038899823,0.0000053669505,0.00006541293,0.00006049684,0.0018154703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015183282,0.00005492855,0.000020103631,0.000052064537,0.00010178862,0.00009536845,0.000045205335,0.00006814663,0.0007321554],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003521442,0.0001541268,0.8936473,0.0000067151136,0.000032790016,0.000006586943,0.00053044176,0.00019977859,0.0013759241,0.0014203251,0.0850585,0.017532272],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006627562,0.00063756725,0.8488403,0.000018081379,0.000025524745,0.00007816765,0.0012479717,0.006279229,0.00073922984,0.0045763487,0.13661452,0.00028034524],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000056607627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020345843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20357002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005402111,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000903089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2197879249","doi":"10.1890/es15-00294.1","title":"Wildland fire deficit and surplus in the western United States, 1984–2012","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Rocky Mountain Research Station","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Fire regime; Ecosystem; Climate change; Environmental science; Geography; Ecology; Environmental resource management; Physical geography; Biology","score_opus":0.011136404423232129,"score_gpt":0.2096442466740313,"score_spread":0.19850784225079918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2197879249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99018055,0.00046738528,0.0000119931765,0.00062703347,0.00013633056,0.00028502598,0.000010736352,0.000031311418,0.008249615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99752784,0.000030602034,0.00005573733,0.00052646454,0.00003368425,0.000019308332,0.000024562354,0.000016325233,0.0017654495],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989235,0.0001766239,0.00015890914,0.00022327605,0.00024895874,0.00026876203],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994426,0.00012251933,0.000053710384,0.00027095864,0.000004622517,0.00010558417],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005766069,0.00013478908,0.00013608282,0.000009810889,0.00005471515,0.00006132333,0.00023578093,0.00006205131,0.00034537702],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003512465,0.000093829454,0.0000162991,0.00027250499,0.0000634519,0.00022879693,0.00010301868,0.00014113233,0.0013205551],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031467152,0.000094081675,0.6917235,0.000025433897,0.00000857345,0.000083775834,0.002923849,0.0043632016,0.000013428917,0.0000074974796,0.29128405,0.0094411345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001371738,0.00021465814,0.489193,0.000052124935,0.000012399618,0.000091342605,0.0009879336,0.03906699,0.000009031195,0.00016631297,0.46847662,0.00035785566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011130353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.024494318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20253053,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107508204,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008281415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945706},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2198467366","doi":"10.1890/es15-00012.1","title":"Refugia and dispersal promote population persistence under variable arid conditions: a spatio‐temporal simulation model","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Australian Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Persistence (discontinuity); Ecology; Arid; Population; Precipitation; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.04097394745281574,"score_gpt":0.2759306464133759,"score_spread":0.23495669896056015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2198467366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98638767,0.000038933962,0.0035990053,0.00016343508,0.000055461416,0.00017793475,0.0000106720045,0.000041611875,0.009525275],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937805,0.0000023282448,0.004498986,0.00009172499,0.000015708934,0.000014906062,0.0000426511,0.000007746759,0.0015454711],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993536,0.000024099838,0.00012459696,0.000226938,0.00012463538,0.00014611293],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999743,0.00001651998,0.000060299197,0.00009277891,0.000013195511,0.000074208096],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011908404,0.00009555699,0.000100762656,0.0000061648907,0.00020214079,0.000019360763,0.000053855932,0.00007536566,0.0010844213],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002783173,0.00008884067,0.000018682327,0.000078354075,0.00010111556,0.0003468137,0.000081796185,0.00007578138,0.00020472732],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006986291,0.000118680226,0.411181,0.000006975297,0.000014322826,0.0000030612582,0.0006110578,0.58189684,0.0001294245,0.0013931659,0.0041449894,0.00043063494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029965249,0.00012586982,0.32000393,0.000007472293,0.000034936336,0.000003355554,0.0003325889,0.6736923,0.000007663856,0.0048575313,0.00048097625,0.00015373575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004782205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017144798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09179545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014596213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012480758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998287},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2200613020","doi":"10.1890/es15-00174.1","title":"Selection for forage and avoidance of risk by woodland caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus caribou</i>) at coarse and local scales","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; University of Alberta; University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Forest Service; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Selection (genetic algorithm); Woodland; Forage; Spatial ecology; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Scale (ratio); Predation; Temporal scales; Taiga; Boreal; Geography; Biology; Cartography; Computer science; Engineering; Machine learning","score_opus":0.006302159327823856,"score_gpt":0.19702390883853632,"score_spread":0.19072174951071247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2200613020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949661,0.00048185658,0.0033456786,0.00015671834,0.00007274822,0.0002182611,0.00012711092,0.000015474332,0.0006160912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982731,0.00004894678,0.0008964593,0.00012505545,0.000020857164,0.000027049095,0.0000359339,0.000008804917,0.0005638452],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937016,0.00004278545,0.00013432093,0.00021413695,0.000084321335,0.00015428908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996439,0.000093123694,0.00008371854,0.00007674629,0.000014437605,0.00008802702],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021180991,0.000095686555,0.00013797582,0.000005188686,0.00014430236,0.000010256188,0.00004753668,0.000113336326,0.00013999824],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053390326,0.00008978186,0.000020768231,0.0000653126,0.00021281274,0.000153548,0.000053870914,0.00007389167,0.000017744129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001808506,0.00003157638,0.88106763,0.000011761409,0.000014052857,6.0027475e-7,0.00031031377,0.0003896514,0.0002211673,0.00001923112,0.111249894,0.0065032803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034851695,0.00045520984,0.9369387,0.000017452958,0.0000868049,0.000034749402,0.0004689526,0.03195425,0.001863377,0.0021799998,0.02217188,0.00034343288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013900481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022010224,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08907801,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074117794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009823301,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99583554},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2204270660","doi":"10.1890/es15-00257.1","title":"The role of seasonality and non‐lethal carry‐over effects on density‐dependent dispersal","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Ecology; Biology; Density dependence; Population density; Intraspecific competition; Population; Habitat; Range (aeronautics); Seasonality; Demography","score_opus":0.0039001822225966463,"score_gpt":0.20828460700242457,"score_spread":0.20438442477982793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2204270660","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9591152,0.00018438233,0.0000162119,0.0002355119,0.00010969383,0.000094597664,0.000002108888,0.0000066287225,0.040235672],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991352,0.000013708794,0.000053483862,0.000077193705,0.000018944598,0.000006755643,6.720299e-7,0.000003807736,0.00069021905],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994853,0.00005245223,0.00007179139,0.0001330484,0.00013917808,0.000118196374],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999619,0.00016567518,0.000042079442,0.000109449495,0.000007378697,0.000056430712],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021508495,0.00006692636,0.000085149244,0.0000013467475,0.0001287251,0.000008091271,0.000077083285,0.000040094117,0.000093594965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060489798,0.000046212783,0.000021558973,0.000031544587,0.00014283195,0.000044231943,0.00012192138,0.000077276985,0.00016048564],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004418378,0.000037332145,0.9913267,0.0000055631267,0.000027280099,0.0000048799175,0.0006579087,0.00029864197,0.00023091119,0.0011106314,0.0025186443,0.003737357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002885439,0.000094053314,0.99152255,0.0000042719503,0.000011464553,0.0000019099664,0.00033294203,0.0031840547,0.00079607224,0.003097667,0.0006025187,0.0000639256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024467794,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0060387184,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.040020023,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054944252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000066599473,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33697468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2210627257","doi":"10.1890/es14-00063.1","title":"Paludification of boreal soils reduces wood decomposition rates and increases wood‐based carbon storage","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal; Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Chronosequence; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Taiga; Soil carbon; Soil water; Logging; Soil horizon; Black spruce; Productivity; Ecosystem; Ecology; Soil science; Biology","score_opus":0.02545282013286757,"score_gpt":0.2343413893222957,"score_spread":0.20888856918942814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2210627257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959997,0.0005556024,2.7032664e-7,0.0008605754,0.000055567878,0.00009845468,0.000040384206,0.000029193445,0.0023602424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995872,0.000042734126,0.00012371567,0.00005056351,0.00004689536,0.000005189763,0.00008662962,3.604739e-7,0.000056706467],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994815,0.00006048552,0.000106173895,0.00015533119,0.00008147315,0.00011502884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996501,0.00009518698,0.00008720575,0.00002883462,0.000076032025,0.00006263137],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013118985,0.00008202457,0.00013096868,0.0000047567114,0.00011650504,0.000013253806,0.00007894288,0.00007499169,0.00006168061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044247558,0.000035688037,0.000028021994,0.000101256584,0.00010262058,0.000063455074,0.000039685823,0.000044389424,0.000010315877],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010146956,0.0015406215,0.8317328,0.000086070606,0.00023115026,0.000029050932,0.0009681551,0.00016166204,0.05558635,0.0005090532,0.068521716,0.039618637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028370292,0.00050180097,0.9873016,0.000016965081,0.000028104583,0.0000019865133,0.0011315446,0.0003056691,0.009591877,0.000340126,0.0003748067,0.00012181982],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014247659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017250499,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15556876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017166345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010495294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21538295},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2213084535","doi":"10.1890/es15-00034.1","title":"Application of the ecosystem model and Markov Chain Monte Carlo for parameter estimation and productivity prediction","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Eddy covariance; Environmental science; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Evergreen; Atmospheric sciences; Ecosystem model; Ecosystem; Flux (metallurgy); Forest ecology; Monte Carlo method; Ecology; Statistics; Mathematics; Biology; Physics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007580047590498571,"score_gpt":0.18680828310659275,"score_spread":0.17922823551609418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2213084535","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9596589,0.000023772167,0.039096933,0.00011380374,0.00003081972,0.0004551321,0.00006360726,0.000010363114,0.0005466318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945533,0.000003028603,0.0050747106,0.000005497896,0.0000072129696,0.000060526836,0.000005305435,0.000004350951,0.00028604013],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962425,0.000016770147,0.00009040573,0.00013481962,0.00007709396,0.000056663892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997707,0.000013424405,0.00006186491,0.00011935693,0.0000072238117,0.000027404632],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018579166,0.000048040274,0.00005701346,0.0000034622815,0.000042100888,0.000009531068,0.000038384867,0.00003471133,0.0000015967086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001960012,0.00003495017,0.000011956352,0.000039089482,0.000026749882,0.00012234435,0.000039187285,0.000028728637,0.0000014169601],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023754059,0.00002839125,0.041920427,0.000033702865,0.000007533612,3.3446046e-8,0.00042418824,0.92741525,0.0005993912,0.00017171698,0.00073756964,0.028638026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014067382,0.000017473407,0.01771583,0.0000052287046,0.000011487448,0.000003422142,0.000013750845,0.9799216,0.00008645696,0.0018859293,0.00016173403,0.000036438054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000675907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038481448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05250631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042913216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045222982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.14252266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2213527255","doi":"10.1890/es15-00371.1","title":"Disentangling the influence of abiotic variables and a non‐native predator on freshwater community structure","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Neogobius; Round goby; Abiotic component; Ecology; Benthic zone; Biology; Introduced species; Trophic level; Trophic cascade; Predation; Goby; Invasive species; Predator; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.01247387795409746,"score_gpt":0.22408631666765022,"score_spread":0.21161243871355276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2213527255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970512,0.0000071588897,0.0000055231903,0.00010247819,0.000053876352,0.00016490978,0.000030360789,0.0000075844955,0.002576943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99907,9.02041e-7,0.0003872918,0.0002508997,0.000009611869,0.0000045858965,0.0000044637886,0.0000055449877,0.00026670733],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993989,0.00014014753,0.000116230396,0.000104765255,0.0001155471,0.00012439645],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995402,0.000101836325,0.00006735628,0.00022586666,0.000010340115,0.000054367552],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022244369,0.00008877631,0.00010332788,0.0000036162955,0.00017053468,0.000011216436,0.00020879219,0.0000668819,0.0030350334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000680448,0.000054006756,0.000013672252,0.00006688851,0.00030731893,0.00012117073,0.00016636615,0.00022613649,0.00018300349],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010964065,0.0003275595,0.9133465,0.00003067508,0.00005016927,0.000011686292,0.023500815,0.017279718,0.004292922,0.000249364,0.039636675,0.0011642433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008202598,0.00041940968,0.9654823,0.000047794976,0.000066197776,0.000008912074,0.0037626592,0.009461939,0.010340253,0.008859674,0.00048779426,0.00024281898],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035079874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004438064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052135754,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005025495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012507815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99787635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2289713217","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1237","title":"Functional diversity of North American broad‐leaved trees is codetermined by past and current environmental factors","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China; European Research Council; McGill University","keywords":"Diversity (politics); Ecology; Geography; Current (fluid); Biology; Geology; Oceanography; Political science","score_opus":0.007648381211515664,"score_gpt":0.18665318880878223,"score_spread":0.17900480759726656,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2289713217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989131,0.000044717443,0.00015768477,0.00012200012,0.000065530956,0.000060574526,0.00016758486,0.000009689302,0.00045909436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99865,0.00016632085,0.000039902665,0.000040575982,0.000008444342,0.0000028661784,0.00001566031,0.0000040629343,0.0010721353],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994411,0.00002035444,0.00010405179,0.00019602849,0.00011373365,0.0001247313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997108,0.000060360857,0.00009666618,0.00007748684,0.0000016866164,0.000052983763],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000024783985,0.00009602098,0.00011638346,0.000005423102,0.00018810053,0.0000024329609,0.00007145165,0.00001623331,0.0023789762],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000047074273,0.00006919643,0.00003341578,0.000032514523,0.00048735182,0.00009912357,0.00027675633,0.00003836301,0.00013075527],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013362821,0.000064294705,0.9627262,0.0000015503833,0.000018615368,2.645257e-7,0.0001943075,0.0000064694173,0.00028170954,0.0000011274141,0.015776807,0.020915333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002735484,0.00007918854,0.9973924,0.0000020743134,0.000012286382,4.0242074e-7,0.00008369625,0.00005571111,0.0002516313,0.000023358503,0.0017331811,0.00009249184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059071033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001949412,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03466627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006474918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001663448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998533},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2292246218","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1215","title":"The amplitude of dead wood resource pulses produced by plantation thinning mediates the assembly of wood‐boring beetles","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation; Commission for Environmental Cooperation","keywords":"Thinning; Coarse woody debris; Biomass (ecology); Dead wood; Silviculture; Environmental science; Bark (sound); Snag; Longhorn beetle; Understory; Debris; Biology; Agroforestry; Forestry; Ecology; Biodiversity; Habitat; Geography; Canopy","score_opus":0.013485573569533305,"score_gpt":0.20202279813334137,"score_spread":0.18853722456380806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2292246218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99406326,0.0008910989,5.9343665e-7,0.0039789528,0.00006608584,0.00011446151,0.00004789379,0.000018334344,0.0008192979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99923337,0.00025599645,0.00001608466,0.000042249478,0.00006210025,0.0000062014765,0.000006929576,4.7225433e-7,0.00037657816],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993507,0.000066173656,0.00015459783,0.0001390575,0.00012522831,0.00016418846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998783,0.00093787484,0.00015503651,0.00005313926,0.000053007047,0.000017930099],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029223875,0.00007854024,0.00011613914,0.000001879048,0.00042666387,0.000014725672,0.0002831673,0.000054138854,0.00006757893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018315125,0.00001834128,0.000048962414,0.00009924739,0.00017624747,0.00006585813,0.00009515977,0.000053646094,0.000017935376],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021604286,0.00014604224,0.15129371,0.000031623378,0.00023363862,0.0000019342758,0.0013028431,0.0000063894026,0.6718542,0.0009980849,0.10604073,0.06787474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023365114,0.00036859963,0.7838617,0.00007709413,0.0000419873,0.000001623651,0.004581526,0.000003479829,0.18489237,0.0006041701,0.025171429,0.00016235614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012250112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009884533,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.632568,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000089135465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004470875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32815966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2299542420","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1201","title":"Analyzing the landscape characteristics promoting the establishment and spread of gorse (<i>Ulex europaeus</i>) along roadsides","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza; James S. McDonnell Foundation","keywords":"Ulex europaeus; Context (archaeology); Biological dispersal; Geography; Landscape ecology; Grassland; Ecology; Habitat; Agroforestry; Forestry; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.006616255100076538,"score_gpt":0.2003192741855684,"score_spread":0.19370301908549187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2299542420","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99007225,0.000049086015,0.0001689794,0.00312998,0.00008601252,0.00013765042,0.000006802098,0.000015025743,0.0063341847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99864876,0.00008189345,0.00015666203,0.0001409916,0.000055479766,0.000011771615,0.0000016550251,0.00000903082,0.00089377485],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993081,0.00005790849,0.00021387036,0.00016199649,0.00011704326,0.00014109837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938416,0.00016260335,0.00016364649,0.00024332824,0.000013604047,0.000032652766],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003073611,0.00008895204,0.00008832231,0.000005650717,0.00017815395,0.000061475344,0.00016924703,0.00002210306,0.0018462355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011625377,0.00004087947,0.0000324343,0.000115195035,0.00010414604,0.00027008203,0.00013326127,0.000075637894,0.00012231541],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015142194,0.00004970812,0.8037031,0.000008326064,0.000025267529,0.0000026864543,0.0006543324,0.000018300572,0.013828051,0.00009235847,0.018813053,0.16278964],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014602685,0.000050987575,0.97966975,0.00006524829,0.000024226887,0.000011818939,0.0002772847,0.0011399783,0.001842628,0.00012846797,0.016548578,0.000094981166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031677424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037627964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17596665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025761216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000768294,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99906623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2299838484","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1211","title":"Detritivore diversity promotes a relative contribution rate of detritus to the diet of predators in ponds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Detritivore; Detritus; Trophic level; Food web; Ecology; Predation; Biology; Energy flow; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.006066807589969375,"score_gpt":0.20748330663607362,"score_spread":0.20141649904610423,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2299838484","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99509877,0.0000279668,0.0007804515,0.000653847,0.000034930737,0.0002834427,0.000027361546,0.000005775573,0.003087459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99931383,0.000012430195,0.00018466175,0.000043444543,0.0000061355704,0.000009983466,0.0000013414699,0.0000035808937,0.00042459066],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991861,0.00014962406,0.00020237725,0.0001761361,0.0001154377,0.00017034903],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993777,0.00023742761,0.00012526725,0.00020313126,0.000023144357,0.000033315027],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049377,0.00007082674,0.00017175132,0.000019859404,0.00006538914,0.000002186949,0.00025710397,0.00006066477,0.001743536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006114705,0.000043072276,0.000051535117,0.00044024558,0.00014759935,0.00016203162,0.00048819027,0.000057640293,0.00023401216],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010724255,0.00012542249,0.9878227,0.0000039869524,0.00003366604,0.000003657342,0.00066545024,0.00015400311,0.0061634146,0.000554934,0.0021788587,0.0021866234],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059145037,0.0003502113,0.9712993,0.00002989883,0.000023383513,5.517854e-7,0.000117316245,0.00010323718,0.023614217,0.0030533767,0.00073253387,0.00008450593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040796312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007186856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017450802,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017372941,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008310192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999169},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2303096366","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1265","title":"Could the lateral transfer of nutrients by outbreaking insects lead to consequential landscape‐scale effects?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Nutrient; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Ecology; Terrestrial ecosystem; Deposition (geology); Phosphorus; Population; Productivity; Atmospheric sciences; Biology; Chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.003997381410726632,"score_gpt":0.2045342911084053,"score_spread":0.20053690969767865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2303096366","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827224,0.00002765823,0.0011764549,0.0007922915,0.00018663546,0.000260909,0.000015854566,0.000019770152,0.014798024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962366,0.000009371755,0.00011584598,0.0006118192,0.000030153291,0.000030227038,0.0000022884617,0.000014582844,0.0029491023],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989296,0.00010210783,0.00020844706,0.00025883387,0.00020625499,0.00029475024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946874,0.00014004506,0.000039791885,0.00027981924,0.000008302215,0.00006332225],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017728501,0.00012512696,0.00019713833,0.0000097998045,0.00008456562,0.000013194151,0.00033370816,0.00008225545,0.008195733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003131917,0.000071955896,0.00008435334,0.00015215672,0.0001599184,0.00010167032,0.00010683912,0.00007788745,0.0019398143],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001671124,0.0003052755,0.3891552,0.000026371405,0.00013077795,0.000022461321,0.0015298409,0.00014015757,0.29202023,0.00007287667,0.2921407,0.024289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004103475,0.0007876324,0.3195817,0.00012058084,0.0001912264,0.000024787872,0.00014422313,0.0002740079,0.5749716,0.0007721323,0.09826542,0.0007632457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022533693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012042279,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28295138,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006976579,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073523033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988373},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2304046001","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1267","title":"Effects of climate change on phenologies and distributions of bumble bees and the plants they visit","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":182,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Phenology; Climate change; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Plant community; Ecological succession","score_opus":0.021420932102165405,"score_gpt":0.194380208672265,"score_spread":0.17295927657009957,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2304046001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958376,0.0014406003,1.4277643e-7,0.0009408186,0.000013042877,0.000102254424,0.00021624766,0.0000107274645,0.0014385517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926043,0.007302657,0.000003751001,0.00001655195,0.000032909065,0.0000088225415,0.000001663375,2.120559e-7,0.000029132652],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969697,0.000022248363,0.00006329324,0.00007831319,0.000041970943,0.00009723373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993975,0.0005222935,0.000047440328,0.000010766223,0.000008988899,0.000012977384],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056834084,0.00005396295,0.0001229767,9.770646e-7,0.000099460674,0.000005930527,0.00005563334,0.000024265155,0.00002219765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035023637,0.000011875569,0.000020226591,0.000020635429,0.00011001053,0.000030792453,0.00006990079,0.000018354427,0.000005115893],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00079215725,0.00018619515,0.089938335,0.00014600021,0.00011191297,0.000005812632,0.00066549185,7.062731e-8,0.292553,0.026788449,0.0023548868,0.58645767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002986367,0.00023225689,0.9887215,0.00011373051,0.000009864987,0.0000012078133,0.00017824734,0.000001509612,0.007855021,0.0017858237,0.0007525198,0.000049672748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000990458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008170991,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.89878315,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000017785303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":3.7189147e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07649811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2312140810","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1266","title":"A network approach reveals surprises about the history of the niche","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Niche; Ecology; Niche construction; Niche segregation; Ecological niche; Unification; Environmental niche modelling; Historical ecology; Conceptual framework; Biology; Sociology; Computer science; Habitat; Social science","score_opus":0.029506267493928144,"score_gpt":0.2051668035384608,"score_spread":0.17566053604453266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2312140810","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23537949,0.0011048907,0.000066326946,0.00114913,0.0005200638,0.00017188002,0.000019371968,0.000021846921,0.761567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.91576415,0.00010820191,0.000035256315,0.00071180734,0.00006099269,0.00002341508,0.0000016126124,0.000008406748,0.083286144],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992894,0.000069841284,0.00013241681,0.00013897238,0.00017996054,0.00018938717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940634,0.00006143887,0.0001015673,0.00039206658,0.0000060615716,0.000032502656],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022533907,0.000075060656,0.00008547812,9.566476e-7,0.0000788632,0.0000051249103,0.0003853849,0.000040842082,0.1163092],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004464356,0.00003127091,0.00007502063,0.00009679164,0.00031199688,0.00004729778,0.00017857926,0.00005489672,0.0012191904],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005921101,0.000024053248,0.015771914,0.0000028126522,0.0000037106495,1.3284149e-7,0.000117850475,0.000013321119,0.00048058384,0.0007261178,0.98176533,0.0010882294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011644596,0.00001011854,0.36474892,0.000010344013,0.0000071798604,0.0000017106976,0.00021565233,0.0000066751363,0.000061029023,0.00029457442,0.63446504,0.000062302584],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000076515484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019219551,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6803847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005787413,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000123534,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99955845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330228000","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1204","title":"Might macronutrient requirements influence grizzly bear–human conflict? Insights from nutritional geometry","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Massey University","keywords":"Carnivore; Ursus; Grizzly Bears; Foraging; Omnivore; Ecology; Wildlife; Geography; Biology; Population; Environmental health; Predation","score_opus":0.012100693442716732,"score_gpt":0.22535143084020906,"score_spread":0.21325073739749234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2330228000","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98516023,0.00010749989,0.00011846742,0.0011374573,0.00018990015,0.00019693351,0.0000416736,0.000061029277,0.012986782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940164,0.00003264853,0.00045015552,0.0014661846,0.00010925257,0.000049351587,0.00004098498,0.000013407221,0.003821627],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864715,0.000061671366,0.00028806843,0.00042729196,0.00030081384,0.00027502168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993329,0.00010064892,0.0001243961,0.00029655773,0.000018954888,0.00012651653],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008277137,0.0001622056,0.00014486568,0.000017575267,0.00027997606,0.00002532298,0.0002996948,0.00014697862,0.02830859],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004249002,0.00012540391,0.000053462583,0.00016874455,0.00022550982,0.00055532623,0.00016432878,0.000103313214,0.008740608],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040129853,0.00022527347,0.8737075,0.000004182909,0.000035423323,0.000021689457,0.00012075765,0.0000194074,0.023879021,0.0012688924,0.0992235,0.0014542721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087163015,0.00006713341,0.89441526,0.000040336483,0.000009992716,0.0000019079534,0.000016808614,0.000008976892,0.0027339635,0.007034357,0.09460932,0.00019029285],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029804735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00051298423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021145057,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022065749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015467593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9920312},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2335972602","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1216","title":"Homogenizing effects of cities on North American winter bird diversity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Department of Biology, University of New Mexico; National Institutes of Health; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Geography; Urban ecology; Species richness; Ecology; Urbanization; Beta diversity; Habitat; Alpha diversity; Biodiversity; Dominance (genetics); Species diversity; Abundance (ecology); Relative species abundance; Urban ecosystem; Species evenness; Biology","score_opus":0.0047708439555665194,"score_gpt":0.18472864541824294,"score_spread":0.17995780146267643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2335972602","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885783,0.000011550464,0.00016964368,0.00016138169,0.00009342367,0.000054846154,0.0000025035724,0.000028412325,0.010899902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979688,0.000031918804,0.0001631952,0.00014843835,0.000009534145,0.0000033751492,1.9019919e-7,0.000005200937,0.0016693342],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996062,0.000023218412,0.00006423383,0.00012078181,0.000072474424,0.000113110975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967706,0.00014531847,0.00005915353,0.000089876004,0.0000042127504,0.000024362203],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000030041403,0.00006107715,0.00009602418,0.0000061092783,0.00013625894,0.0000016496967,0.00009787184,0.000013552944,0.0006020615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030798066,0.000041980264,0.00003488745,0.00006930451,0.0002719106,0.000058973543,0.00023584158,0.000031060463,0.0009662186],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010284639,0.000025331203,0.98983335,0.0000058223627,0.000019758721,0.0000031940313,0.0003617258,0.000044252927,0.00015429777,0.000051548934,0.003052348,0.0064380835],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015830997,0.00014493923,0.9986536,0.0000103968605,0.000007618194,3.0227844e-7,0.000059450216,0.000015498032,0.0005373672,0.00016868359,0.00018174633,0.00006212591],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013809421,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0120787285,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011940634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052027466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016065361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2336900925","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1294","title":"Estimation of avian species richness: biases in morning surveys and efficient sampling from acoustic recordings","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"University of Guelph; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Species richness; Jackknife resampling; Morning; Estimator; Sampling (signal processing); Statistics; Biology; Ecology; Diel vertical migration; Global biodiversity; Sample (material); Mathematics; Biodiversity; Computer science; Telecommunications; Physics; Botany","score_opus":0.022454442624506278,"score_gpt":0.22920590154524567,"score_spread":0.2067514589207394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2336900925","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846994,0.000022941671,0.013856396,0.00015692278,0.0000826706,0.000076321136,0.00000969978,0.000015849702,0.0010797414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980296,0.000012619549,0.0016779264,0.000028854882,0.000012764494,0.0000060323914,0.0000047592544,0.000005257332,0.0002222093],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936414,0.00009105056,0.00016932421,0.00017422508,0.00007566983,0.00012557079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992979,0.0004943103,0.0000884604,0.00008809748,0.000004201213,0.000027003613],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045333727,0.00006740839,0.00010486369,0.0000128607035,0.00005321939,0.000008089186,0.000062956504,0.000050070394,0.0024068377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037587323,0.000053405405,0.000013024693,0.0001146994,0.000084561194,0.00012046331,0.00005618567,0.00004057503,0.0001323419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005550928,0.000025480917,0.933085,0.000003329015,0.0000028199825,0.0000011198834,0.00015345555,0.036958873,0.0031574175,0.000005658546,0.0002378793,0.026363416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002060821,0.000019698877,0.97744834,0.00008014829,0.000005181386,5.988954e-7,0.00009346874,0.021243952,0.00050505844,0.00030160017,0.000024067704,0.000071805036],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038208187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013169934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04436334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007189756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006502166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985051},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2370698838","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1260","title":"Nonsystemic fungal endophytes increase survival but reduce tolerance to simulated herbivory in subarctic<i>Festuca rubra</i>","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and fungal interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Amorfix (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Biology; Epichloë; Endophyte; Festuca rubra; Herbivore; Host (biology); Botany; Subarctic climate; Ecology; Symbiosis; Abiotic component; Festuca; Neotyphodium; Poaceae; Lolium perenne","score_opus":0.016746800398546164,"score_gpt":0.22059776430501843,"score_spread":0.20385096390647225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2370698838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890558,0.00022200351,0.0000018855128,0.0016067658,0.0005668254,0.00025067313,0.00013121185,0.000100643905,0.008064194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947875,0.00003530323,0.000034124165,0.00022720291,0.00044206853,0.000022769498,0.000008576682,0.0000024329065,0.0044399854],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986142,0.00013119931,0.00029663934,0.00038147497,0.00016469337,0.00041178838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887896,0.0006976438,0.00007154003,0.00009234031,0.00006309406,0.00019643476],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017918508,0.00019074896,0.0002469725,0.000010631132,0.00012530458,0.000050760744,0.00027574293,0.00010103547,0.0013082392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013300672,0.000071676295,0.00008615038,0.00033680408,0.000025739675,0.00024665633,0.0000652794,0.00014959172,0.0015801233],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003102906,0.00028254505,0.05694525,0.000016955179,0.0000179289,0.00009344529,0.00007593523,0.00005936683,0.9225904,0.000083147395,0.009665317,0.009859435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015924557,0.0005461296,0.9148538,0.0011058782,0.000025113797,0.00014027185,0.0008884503,0.00030599342,0.041322637,0.00030452025,0.037801065,0.0011136589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001919784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009339927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8812677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007421331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016779532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2396144324","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1350","title":"Convergent diversity and trait composition in temporary streams and ponds","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; Rural Development Administration","keywords":"Species richness; Ecology; STREAMS; Invertebrate; Habitat; Ecosystem; Biodiversity; Biology; Perennial stream","score_opus":0.008715355732899525,"score_gpt":0.16910104593268138,"score_spread":0.16038569019978186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2396144324","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99301744,0.000026065032,0.000015245412,0.0005555689,0.000048000027,0.000065279804,0.000016878099,0.000013251528,0.0062422897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99884284,0.000039727925,0.00004725615,0.00022123793,0.0000050537546,8.6217835e-7,0.000003335988,0.000002417442,0.0008372537],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954635,0.000025178837,0.00006127042,0.0001804232,0.000055903398,0.00013087943],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998314,0.000016140328,0.000026321422,0.000056289293,0.0000013442454,0.00006855373],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006178759,0.0000635399,0.000077453136,0.000007746662,0.00017785594,0.000006475026,0.00006438156,0.000048522015,0.00793608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002222496,0.000050178613,0.000011185959,0.00003642112,0.00014812704,0.00023398756,0.00057537464,0.000034415527,0.0002666329],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003028592,0.000036924874,0.97905624,0.0000045510633,0.0000045641386,0.000029162073,0.00040289212,0.0000049455616,0.0019769648,0.0000498202,0.015057614,0.0033460206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087470526,0.00009017855,0.99566853,0.000009311028,0.0000050644767,0.000008427247,0.0001489992,0.00040368995,0.000711529,0.0009346859,0.001029982,0.00011492629],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007608833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029327846,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016612247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057992016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018135532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9929708},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2396795028","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1271","title":"Tick‐, mosquito‐, and rodent‐borne parasite sampling designs for the National Ecological Observatory Network","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Zoonotic diseases and public health","field":"Medicine","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Health Agency of Canada","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Wildlife; Ecology; Sampling (signal processing); Scarcity; Animal ecology; Biology; Environmental resource management; Wildlife disease; Geography; Environmental science","score_opus":0.12561233359153912,"score_gpt":0.3529479999122503,"score_spread":0.22733566632071117,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2396795028","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86710924,0.005415402,0.047078215,0.05402833,0.0011686705,0.0025941876,0.00013948252,0.00021931737,0.022247154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98487,0.00022969989,0.005511235,0.005520651,0.0014358404,0.00010903269,0.000012268935,0.00001951049,0.0022917343],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990111,0.000034906745,0.00020318873,0.00022901561,0.00018858675,0.00033321552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99827826,0.0011809455,0.00006180318,0.00013626175,0.00011952321,0.00022317964],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058259745,0.00010648067,0.00017608039,0.000005767846,0.00019584362,0.000030020075,0.00008578837,0.00008057989,0.0015995392],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047827797,0.00005431529,0.00007205784,0.0000775014,0.000056784324,0.00006797948,0.000034693956,0.00007459192,0.00006116598],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00053440133,0.0004154184,0.06992405,0.00023517672,0.0003106198,0.000012581197,0.00012467403,0.0005649418,0.0001127311,0.04286592,0.7166526,0.16824692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013724411,0.00024140053,0.7504662,0.00008170922,0.00007766044,0.000014408914,0.00006993996,0.002359817,0.0000037898767,0.005387034,0.23980813,0.00011744543],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011269436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003364757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6805422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008045838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025136105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993131},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2399812192","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1314","title":"Release date influences first‐year site fidelity and survival in captive‐bred Vancouver Island marmots","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations","keywords":"Hibernation (computing); Marmot; Biology; Endangered species; Ecology; Habitat; Fidelity; Occupancy; Zoology; Geography; Demography","score_opus":0.006956798004671659,"score_gpt":0.19796605421011232,"score_spread":0.19100925620544065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2399812192","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888897,0.000028608178,0.000055976394,0.00066998793,0.0001496943,0.000103469436,0.000015300227,0.000018388371,0.01006889],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99659437,0.000060324634,0.00023728031,0.00026180476,0.000023127901,0.000010301818,0.0000018595308,0.0000057774873,0.0028051618],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992189,0.00006650424,0.0001556599,0.00026937792,0.00010002471,0.00018956717],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961185,0.00011716807,0.00005586131,0.00014967438,0.000005666331,0.000059797374],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021522089,0.000094788265,0.00010800691,0.0000072788644,0.00008437242,0.000010717686,0.00009455203,0.00007983095,0.0058704154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000084932115,0.000070428745,0.000016541782,0.0000909054,0.00013164702,0.00035801574,0.00010677528,0.00006994481,0.0010363793],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004672235,0.00002075898,0.94753873,0.0000026841344,0.0000037562115,0.00000919087,0.00010851114,0.000079240504,0.00006948677,0.00002232251,0.05078267,0.0013158997],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006185282,0.000030734795,0.98928136,0.000013850787,0.0000039461684,8.4002795e-7,0.000053629967,0.00017851355,0.00002834844,0.0012423003,0.00843301,0.00011492289],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011502223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1447639,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14361368,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051478506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010702668,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2401589189","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1280","title":"Biocontrol insect impacts population growth of its target plant species but not an incidentally used nontarget","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Biological Control of Invasive Species","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Entomological Society of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Boraginaceae; Biological pest control; Weed; Population; Vital rates; Invasive species; Ecology; Crucifer; Weed control; Introduced species; Population growth; Botany","score_opus":0.029507837592419348,"score_gpt":0.20495618072627936,"score_spread":0.17544834313386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2401589189","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995538,0.00020572428,0.0000069432376,0.0015662453,0.00015142212,0.00035160081,0.0008204216,0.00008935176,0.0012703227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984703,0.00006850479,0.00014628518,0.00032610234,0.0004088494,0.000013949671,0.0001586496,0.0000023607843,0.00040499883],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99834114,0.00014667345,0.0004284059,0.00037614512,0.00030060782,0.00040701745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99894404,0.00033446643,0.0002936713,0.00009193019,0.00015306758,0.00018283825],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025232683,0.0002462726,0.00041558524,0.000009020142,0.00012846796,0.000051798444,0.00041674098,0.00019363071,0.005120329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038255894,0.0000754554,0.00017117804,0.00015218934,0.00007007195,0.00045116886,0.000082216386,0.000098886776,0.00015599043],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002158149,0.00009361618,0.06855965,0.0000072618827,0.000024839495,0.000008475849,0.000024242876,9.635123e-7,0.92717606,0.0012065506,0.00088307064,0.0017994434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005029957,0.0008085785,0.8463896,0.000035940877,0.0000085680185,0.000005079064,0.00008003052,0.000012892325,0.15022434,0.0006187985,0.0010831299,0.00023003074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009817581,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011961384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77782995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000079200385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012492318,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957891},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2404169526","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1252","title":"A spatially‐explicit assessment of the fish population response to flow management in a heterogeneous landscape","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; McGill University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune; Université de Montréal; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Electrofishing; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Species richness; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecosystem; Ecology; Population; Range (aeronautics); Abundance (ecology); Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.005623323541464984,"score_gpt":0.22521057737349426,"score_spread":0.21958725383202926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2404169526","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9668659,0.0000018288504,0.00030855087,0.0040520867,0.000109774024,0.00042915906,0.0000054949164,0.000013830698,0.02821337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99456507,0.000011848911,0.0012507397,0.0008051457,0.0000072083462,0.00008073856,7.917636e-7,0.0000064175515,0.0032720563],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922705,0.00008944785,0.00016539748,0.00020174547,0.00014891617,0.00016741642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996247,0.000046944166,0.000055332755,0.00024640394,0.00000270964,0.000023898172],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025764198,0.000081935395,0.000103113256,0.000015131323,0.00006533246,0.0000049984387,0.00019405341,0.00002944436,0.0035615657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024309327,0.00005050667,0.000034575045,0.0001502833,0.00002083521,0.00005656767,0.0004171936,0.000030319,0.00015483178],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021474286,0.00013567966,0.88667506,0.000013017335,0.000044739114,0.000015849435,0.00016950295,0.011110703,0.00020914836,0.00009169711,0.090199605,0.011120284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038497744,0.000074744516,0.9929155,0.000022423266,0.000008483837,5.0163203e-7,0.00002886476,0.0004506321,0.00006146305,0.0002268031,0.0057517206,0.00007385049],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007776071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016752293,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1062405,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012971419,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002304924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2405211609","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1351","title":"Population trends for North American winter birds based on hierarchical models","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Breeding bird survey; Range (aeronautics); Population; Geography; Habitat; Population size; Ecology; Latitude; Bird conservation; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.022325828244326603,"score_gpt":0.24800949567382496,"score_spread":0.22568366742949836,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2405211609","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89616174,0.00000147525,0.004290925,0.002676999,0.00008376719,0.0000918458,0.00026986888,0.00006966908,0.09635375],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963415,0.000002695422,0.0002848456,0.0006032437,0.00003476908,0.000034705357,0.00009791273,0.000012759553,0.0025875638],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993097,0.000016562633,0.000104566774,0.00021613615,0.00014963232,0.0002033805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966216,0.00003877019,0.000044812215,0.00016579308,0.0000042847837,0.00008418899],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004355312,0.00009078528,0.00009347874,0.00001010031,0.00006637095,0.000013684337,0.00010259288,0.00002261061,0.0682441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012618004,0.00006084718,0.00007112187,0.00014764407,0.00007436894,0.00009360784,0.000026290973,0.000032466065,0.0011578102],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030123867,0.00029348827,0.1329488,0.000005985475,0.000010365753,0.0000023160064,0.00006471168,0.0017998662,0.00038788564,0.0016238594,0.42814368,0.4344178],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059933064,0.00024189833,0.939018,0.0000063814996,0.000005422744,4.0966015e-7,0.000030934378,0.0109418165,0.00011446987,0.0002805113,0.048593137,0.00016766894],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010257593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031993752,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8060692,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003212336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022002203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2407836736","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1325","title":"Mapping for coral reef conservation: comparing the value of participatory and remote sensing approaches","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Seascape; Habitat; Geography; Landscape connectivity; Environmental resource management; Coral reef; Marine spatial planning; Ecology; Remote sensing; Cartography; Environmental science; Environmental planning; Population; Biology; Biological dispersal","score_opus":0.09760442319330925,"score_gpt":0.23757738657139274,"score_spread":0.1399729633780835,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2407836736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983261,0.00009213322,0.0070612845,0.0016044232,0.000083922896,0.00021691411,0.0000024401602,0.000016677535,0.007661199],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954114,0.000009943867,0.0035063569,0.0000571905,0.000037366055,0.0000026167227,4.1523202e-7,0.000005695288,0.00096902344],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945694,0.00002975592,0.00015987777,0.00014308913,0.00007202373,0.0001383102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996196,0.00013783293,0.000084944055,0.0001244734,0.0000071413283,0.000026001546],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002455449,0.000070587805,0.00013199264,0.0000030230492,0.0001453884,0.000008576193,0.00006084596,0.000019059484,0.00005597765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004539186,0.00003967325,0.000028609553,0.00004977815,0.00012952252,0.00006847544,0.00017918412,0.00002495687,0.000020144562],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083208215,0.000031419044,0.4160723,0.00019134453,0.000096376214,0.0000024382057,0.0027143536,0.00006671721,0.004016609,0.0019532116,0.055195954,0.5195761],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008308426,0.00008131769,0.84466654,0.0001892067,0.000029750483,0.000011766168,0.0016127304,0.088330545,0.0012168734,0.0057923566,0.056988966,0.00024913816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038841154,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010779162,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5193269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002964072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000041731714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16178282},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2408685747","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1217","title":"The role of local and regional processes on population synchrony along the gradients of habitat specialization","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; McMaster University; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Metacommunity; Generalist and specialist species; Biological dispersal; Ecology; Habitat; Population; Occupancy; Biology; Environmental change; Habitat fragmentation; Environmental gradient; Geography; Climate change","score_opus":0.006716521670427565,"score_gpt":0.21068587489190355,"score_spread":0.20396935322147597,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2408685747","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99652994,0.0002323185,0.00007487655,0.00029044584,0.00002718266,0.00008021385,0.0000020613124,0.0000035227176,0.002759451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996417,0.00011675386,0.000017299126,0.000015173355,0.000010916665,0.0000057041266,7.079793e-7,0.000002630786,0.00018909192],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996365,0.000020813595,0.0000967654,0.00008284457,0.00009493011,0.00006818939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974424,0.00009926959,0.00007670317,0.000060605034,0.000009082097,0.000010127679],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000072020426,0.00004308561,0.000053030508,0.0000019976449,0.00015799148,0.0000024156723,0.00006705138,0.000023933373,0.00023796922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029938206,0.000019069888,0.000012223077,0.000050195624,0.00033190785,0.000056974568,0.00004096266,0.000019403938,0.00002530844],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000355787,0.000035272347,0.96574825,0.000004433391,0.0000055310256,1.7145852e-7,0.00012329893,0.000030298319,0.00023528242,0.0013101073,0.001816908,0.030654863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000082910796,0.00009542245,0.99573374,0.000017399596,0.000007738926,8.571868e-7,0.00028090924,0.000017148635,0.0007773367,0.0016603608,0.0012977645,0.000028438588],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011803224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007790039,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030626424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027266658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000038028395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43470246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2430594653","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1299","title":"Uncertainty in the net hydrologic flux of calcium in a paired‐watershed harvesting study","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Watershed; Environmental science; Precipitation; Flux (metallurgy); Hydrology (agriculture); Biogeochemical cycle; Ecosystem; Uncertainty analysis; Atmospheric sciences; Ecology; Meteorology; Statistics; Mathematics; Geography; Geology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.022064899027533252,"score_gpt":0.23688941099081107,"score_spread":0.21482451196327781,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2430594653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9752476,0.000015268875,0.000020303789,0.0016788656,0.000040227897,0.00037531997,0.0000012066698,0.000015973024,0.022605203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979963,0.000003966997,0.00003527626,0.0002868056,0.000010089413,0.000056608762,9.442766e-7,0.0000047424705,0.0016053104],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883276,0.00023864926,0.00024337972,0.00025803014,0.00013601447,0.00029115836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995624,0.00012825869,0.00006205717,0.00022752176,0.0000019673994,0.000017841301],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008548734,0.00011498639,0.00017297866,0.00001645045,0.000062168816,0.000006052148,0.00031611026,0.00004273129,0.0015585371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006394468,0.00005824584,0.000028388562,0.00019522893,0.00016873241,0.00011930737,0.00022841859,0.00008735772,0.00028587403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039716673,0.00028157723,0.9805697,0.0000046233977,0.00001387701,0.0000557457,0.0031684677,0.0063767415,0.00038650775,0.00001979961,0.006724844,0.0023584082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012600033,0.00033021253,0.9915398,0.000018352783,0.000012433976,0.0000013499615,0.0019905707,0.00081154745,0.00010550765,0.001689326,0.0020973186,0.00014360182],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021425053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008976639,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022748625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006157574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002491289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2461348914","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1363","title":"A complex systems approach for multiobjective water quality regulation on managed wetland landscapes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental resource management; Wetland; Ecosystem services; Adaptive management; Landscape ecology; Ecological systems theory; Conceptual framework; Ecosystem; Ecosystem management; Sustainable management; Environmental planning; Ecology; Environmental science; Computer science; Business; Habitat; Sustainability","score_opus":0.023079428947178238,"score_gpt":0.23736759739974853,"score_spread":0.2142881684525703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2461348914","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9469509,0.0000125414945,0.0044753435,0.00015017069,0.00011392401,0.0005916063,0.00003907579,0.00006403579,0.047602378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977708,0.0000031410007,0.00041574982,0.000043082127,0.000103373306,0.00011040241,0.0000490939,0.000013605877,0.0014907554],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990499,0.000075597774,0.00018881015,0.00030131568,0.00015197232,0.00023240094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959415,0.00006248775,0.00006613445,0.00021564499,0.0000086172595,0.000052972166],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003004599,0.000118799755,0.00016668673,0.000007592192,0.00014901585,0.000039120125,0.00012705586,0.000063794716,0.0016797181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000059101485,0.000057036697,0.000053105665,0.00003598014,0.000007830737,0.00017293451,0.00004481936,0.000025451445,0.0011797933],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0038309328,0.002160629,0.35281047,0.0027891872,0.0008404201,0.000013294068,0.0075397547,0.18178679,0.12499727,0.0032063017,0.27281898,0.04720596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0075884224,0.00048528358,0.7415723,0.00019693635,0.00007304836,0.000010339944,0.0009943547,0.14311253,0.010620722,0.0015887026,0.09252609,0.0012312282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038544062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010697098,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38876185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000874755,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014376598,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995979},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2462177430","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1374","title":"Behavioral buffering of extreme weather events in a high‐Arctic herbivore","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Norges Forskningsråd","keywords":"Extreme weather; Arctic; Climate change; Snow; Ecology; Global warming; Environmental science; Herbivore; Population; Ecosystem; Trophic level; Biology; Geography; Meteorology; Demography","score_opus":0.016693910303595932,"score_gpt":0.22018581986609861,"score_spread":0.20349190956250268,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2462177430","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99724835,0.00001732834,0.00005549465,0.0004163755,0.00009168188,0.00009184741,0.0000014812832,0.000012017392,0.0020654341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965312,0.0000051541692,0.00034062198,0.000069734524,0.000012708239,0.000017072547,7.5215286e-7,0.000007826211,0.0030149224],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994367,0.000032917582,0.00014375185,0.00015072538,0.00008658552,0.00014935086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997517,0.000025578967,0.00005174543,0.00013958165,0.0000031968405,0.000028191427],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009712552,0.00006767689,0.000092942064,0.00000698356,0.000022711845,0.0000012020747,0.00011464469,0.00006282104,0.018946463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012961063,0.000051079627,0.00002547296,0.000084106,0.00004785021,0.00015703653,0.000060920316,0.00004454961,0.0008761267],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013857397,0.00008603728,0.99202603,0.0000033942529,0.0000023014106,0.000003166648,0.00007449065,0.000018399376,0.0017146202,0.000046314188,0.0007123175,0.005299084],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041187636,0.00004885255,0.9974164,0.000042646992,0.0000040980253,0.0000015036405,0.000030601495,0.000017941707,0.00026601905,0.0012848068,0.00040388125,0.000071373404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012756679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0055081933,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018070338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012532932,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063393136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99990183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2465919681","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1360","title":"Effects of a mining‐altered environment on individual fitness of amphibians and reptiles","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Vale (Canada); Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Vale Canada Limited","keywords":"Thamnophis sirtalis; Biology; Amphibian; Ecology; Abiotic component; Ectotherm; Zoology; Reproduction; Fluctuating asymmetry; Reproductive success","score_opus":0.024865559629328644,"score_gpt":0.24666575032946889,"score_spread":0.22180019070014023,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2465919681","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99610305,0.00006032579,0.0015134439,0.00008058075,0.000032766606,0.000136224,0.00003132644,0.000010700967,0.002031587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988201,0.000026707101,0.011132152,0.000017569266,0.000023933982,0.000009707222,9.27457e-7,0.000008271456,0.0005797282],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994161,0.00004076051,0.00019744338,0.00013700862,0.000116773896,0.000091920854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889,0.0007495247,0.00015067575,0.00016877818,0.000007967696,0.00003309378],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011517037,0.000078909965,0.00018845778,0.000013355138,0.00001903346,0.0000034464038,0.00007302295,0.000059200647,0.0007733543],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020312666,0.000047897858,0.000038316295,0.00003199379,0.000051968596,0.000023429016,0.00005043837,0.000028156956,0.000015790667],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046927662,0.007271035,0.04474297,0.0039894,0.0011501719,0.000099533114,0.0056928704,0.000026450878,0.19127813,0.19991226,0.29243785,0.25293005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0070274174,0.002932537,0.62961334,0.0019369847,0.0003368891,0.000016959679,0.0006897787,0.00007045649,0.29909447,0.05310233,0.004396883,0.0007819482],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002205666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023827465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5848704,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009406801,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005920999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84676874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2472879425","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1355","title":"Land use changes in an afrotropical biodiversity hotspot affect stream alpha and beta diversity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Beta diversity; Biodiversity; Alpha diversity; Gamma diversity; Species richness; Deforestation (computer science); Biodiversity hotspot; Ecology; Agricultural land; Land use; Geography; Species diversity; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.019624725713438092,"score_gpt":0.19542343050954653,"score_spread":0.17579870479610843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2472879425","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983201,0.000011193308,0.000007449603,0.0007815104,0.000079751124,0.00012243734,0.000091651804,0.000033007465,0.00055289763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990859,0.000051850922,0.00011795564,0.0002924125,0.000013669517,0.0000011336953,0.000007799014,0.0000030937363,0.00042616331],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912024,0.00007593117,0.000057023342,0.0003448372,0.00010974121,0.00029224638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961215,0.000045215533,0.000028859928,0.00016205409,0.000003846719,0.0001478556],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008170006,0.0001188017,0.00014327478,0.000017765818,0.0002245668,0.000028165807,0.00020962949,0.00010351298,0.010058933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009968301,0.000091921946,0.00002386303,0.00007432556,0.00022439913,0.0005646685,0.0009485234,0.000071008624,0.0013592142],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000062272185,0.00007191989,0.9805735,0.0000034800867,0.0000070019705,0.00006473471,0.00028419268,0.0000059685312,0.00054065115,0.0000066756616,0.016435482,0.0019441444],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081285945,0.00020941232,0.9959725,0.000005929687,0.000011574748,0.000003255867,0.0000850335,0.000055951816,0.00074236793,0.00008197597,0.0018655866,0.0001535531],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003795902,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20881513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20501924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011165976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030606407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2474805699","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1371","title":"Spatial extent of neighboring plants influences the strength of associational effects on mammal herbivory","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université Laval","keywords":"Herbivore; Foraging; Ecology; Ecosystem; Biology; Mammal; Spatial heterogeneity; Spatial ecology; Population; Plant community; Species richness","score_opus":0.005845545739883913,"score_gpt":0.2001355956557524,"score_spread":0.19429004991586848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2474805699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99440074,0.000020367157,0.00003922082,0.0004310477,0.00014779657,0.000085617634,0.0000056587764,0.0000067108945,0.0048628487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999338,0.000006854346,0.000056744684,0.00013340435,0.00004831609,0.000009372182,8.002596e-7,0.0000031097177,0.00040340677],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994118,0.00006233753,0.00013943508,0.000104556275,0.00018005699,0.000101797144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992675,0.000461921,0.00014651635,0.00010022736,0.000005445617,0.000018368337],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001566919,0.000057627083,0.000080324455,0.000004128103,0.000054847238,0.0000023126931,0.00013015211,0.000048860857,0.0018235077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008512032,0.000033056804,0.00003052562,0.000037502043,0.00007545223,0.00008246828,0.00004294982,0.00004452864,0.00018713888],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004306347,0.0000451489,0.96787715,0.0000066154853,0.000015992291,9.4335917e-7,0.00007346084,0.0001133874,0.0016192293,0.00022963737,0.0018516873,0.02812366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025111195,0.00012124319,0.9904244,0.000047609232,0.0000051379907,3.57547e-7,0.000017918377,0.000062365914,0.0082378285,0.00059257494,0.00019639226,0.000043042986],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019908104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004907842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028080616,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048591148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012952944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99908894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2475381757","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1415","title":"13,000 years of fire history derived from soil charcoal in a British Columbia coastal temperate rain forest","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation; Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hakai Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Oregon; University of Victoria","keywords":"Charcoal; Temperate climate; Fire regime; Holocene; Radiocarbon dating; Fire history; Temperate rainforest; Physical geography; Fire ecology; Environmental science; Archaeology; Geography; Forestry; Climate change; Geology; Ecology; Oceanography; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.004418613964475997,"score_gpt":0.16176327006188446,"score_spread":0.15734465609740847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2475381757","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960824,0.00019972587,0.000010724755,0.000033269163,0.00034022893,0.00029105268,0.00019130413,0.00004415839,0.0028071383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933917,0.000031508596,0.000105752384,0.000060220485,0.000052894273,0.000043151333,0.000012377693,0.000035800862,0.0062666307],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985804,0.00012025924,0.00031403432,0.0003963155,0.00025657463,0.00033244598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993412,0.000117229465,0.00012989067,0.00029409124,0.0000067907304,0.00011082741],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021786279,0.000111996334,0.00028000446,0.0000062644567,0.000034908677,0.000033933324,0.00028634572,0.000116866824,0.025703575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000081872044,0.00015292973,0.00006947417,0.00008914818,0.00018626463,0.00024924005,0.00015741606,0.00010047359,0.0011738739],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021857917,0.00013881763,0.76775295,0.000021858665,0.000017593933,0.00014102469,0.0003863775,0.000060623268,0.03307761,4.5727873e-7,0.1318607,0.06652017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012326988,0.00008441642,0.9866455,0.00020938832,0.000004840172,0.000006802007,0.00005838118,0.0014012114,0.0002777527,0.00004586277,0.009804469,0.00022866983],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.43855628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9341942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4956379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051351247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038071048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996038},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2486907448","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1402","title":"Water motion modulates predator nonconsumptive limitation of prey recruitment","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Barnacle; Predation; Predator; Biology; Nucella; Ecology; Intertidal zone; Habitat; Apex predator; Crustacean","score_opus":0.033279064766505294,"score_gpt":0.22003733579132567,"score_spread":0.18675827102482037,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2486907448","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96364784,0.00006236487,0.00021431965,0.0002211709,0.00011381663,0.00019097747,0.0001045637,0.000018825172,0.03542611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931651,0.000063324725,0.00026361312,0.00003763555,0.000033176097,0.000002855281,0.00016983684,0.0000014816886,0.006262995],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994844,0.000040074225,0.00013465581,0.0001383692,0.00006426343,0.00013819232],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997323,0.00006578241,0.000043912747,0.000090922455,0.000029201316,0.000037857266],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000087094035,0.000066837354,0.000091122965,0.000011507321,0.000026785492,0.000006068946,0.00006889938,0.000048025595,0.009807011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013890816,0.000033289743,0.000027143207,0.000023603532,0.00002856623,0.00013825347,0.0000112070975,0.000024197861,0.0013436576],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010293554,0.000025577503,0.19725351,0.000020575924,0.000034636854,0.0000032762002,0.00016967038,0.00012946615,0.003721711,0.000056842327,0.004736422,0.7937454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009946894,0.00078273594,0.86997896,0.000057444537,0.000030120664,0.000015349642,0.00016803601,0.002067451,0.079630606,0.0050480044,0.04089656,0.00033003459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00052441243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037979675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79341537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002619706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008635169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99943393},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2512741739","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1432","title":"Winter severity modulates the benefits of using a habitat temporally uncoupled from browsing","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Université Laval; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs; Université Laval","keywords":"Abies balsamea; Odocoileus; Herbivore; Habitat; Snow; Ecology; Population; Temperate climate; Biology; Boreal; Taiga; Balsam; Geography; Demography; Botany","score_opus":0.014182704762573162,"score_gpt":0.2063826163767193,"score_spread":0.19219991161414615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2512741739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962696,0.00004585366,0.0003923555,0.001718893,0.00012695535,0.000093621486,0.000009116886,0.000017201339,0.0013263912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99763006,0.0000040152327,0.0015138201,0.00048795601,0.000036326237,0.0000028681384,0.0000016831132,0.000007709364,0.00031556727],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939686,0.000042939457,0.0001588379,0.00016854203,0.00010108023,0.00013173562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995459,0.00012185185,0.000099571014,0.00019753068,0.000009027286,0.000026130743],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012935187,0.000080457685,0.00009827203,0.00000317309,0.000100682446,0.000008900881,0.0001647758,0.000061377155,0.0041108555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042029795,0.00004693037,0.000040860057,0.00007028412,0.00012976587,0.00023198481,0.00010492178,0.00004749545,0.00026347896],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019499368,0.000021945183,0.98300016,0.0000012239663,0.000013823915,7.119692e-7,0.00012275291,0.0010048028,0.0048382054,0.000009086543,0.0067571523,0.004210664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021217557,0.000016686046,0.9939445,0.000033931858,0.0000111301615,0.000001436862,0.000040649848,0.0021490608,0.0011572164,0.001939318,0.0004141826,0.00007967847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006311324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004052088,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010944402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006460056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008751549,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2515879752","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1429","title":"Seasonal trophic linkages in Arctic marine invertebrates assessed via fatty acids and compound‐specific stable isotopes","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trophic level; Food web; Arctic; Invertebrate; Ecology; Isotope analysis; Biology; Ecosystem; Stable isotope ratio; Oceanography; Environmental science; Geology","score_opus":0.007955165383257683,"score_gpt":0.20579528699743413,"score_spread":0.19784012161417644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2515879752","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861323,0.00013392982,0.00055076525,0.00093322055,0.00009587854,0.0001834864,0.000004134643,0.000036131478,0.011930152],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99397457,0.00030124836,0.0025656247,0.00027370008,0.000047746766,0.000036076024,0.0000061417495,0.000022050759,0.002772818],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984638,0.0001476546,0.0002771758,0.00047975144,0.0002027809,0.00042883964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992894,0.00018060356,0.00008828104,0.00032156348,0.000012835917,0.00010734921],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029577335,0.00019936854,0.00030009967,0.0000266104,0.000109048786,0.000052264782,0.0002830777,0.000112102585,0.041243713],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040921987,0.00014827459,0.00004895825,0.00027301937,0.0002739433,0.00038467787,0.00040169552,0.00015978345,0.0021183256],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014180894,0.0001197903,0.970791,0.000009507683,0.000022072962,0.00003988768,0.000044459575,0.0001002051,0.009498835,0.0000990388,0.0036488182,0.015612248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00077810633,0.000080274694,0.9809124,0.00001856165,0.000012823185,0.00001666077,0.00003905921,0.002138125,0.0016237047,0.004341209,0.009789765,0.00024931578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041017952,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004483443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.039125387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031644446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016859098,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99865866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2516596279","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1437","title":"Fractionation of stable carbon isotopes of tissue fatty acids in Atlantic pollock (<i>Pollachius virens</i>)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Institute for Marine Biosciences; Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Fractionation; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Postprandial; Biology; Chemistry; Composition (language); Biochemistry; Food science; Chromatography; Fatty acid; Endocrinology","score_opus":0.00495545656970154,"score_gpt":0.21501677987098794,"score_spread":0.2100613233012864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2516596279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556916,0.000036468016,0.0002539356,0.00026134186,0.0000863701,0.0001428897,0.0000050640438,0.000010269811,0.04351207],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996737,0.000042223863,0.0008226024,0.00003126076,0.000015754269,0.000010746703,0.0000021490982,0.000010365335,0.0023278913],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989617,0.00007628834,0.00033751846,0.00022004271,0.00020532898,0.00019912141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994179,0.00009476929,0.00018981726,0.00025341604,0.000012740492,0.000031342035],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020959016,0.000098438504,0.00023760299,0.00003177618,0.000023042878,0.0000030988958,0.0001857495,0.000087310946,0.009119265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007684103,0.000076575525,0.000041169948,0.0002516854,0.00011080125,0.00015167272,0.00009973726,0.000058735648,0.00026172557],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020255333,0.00010515251,0.90306413,0.000007823882,0.00001642745,0.0000030713982,0.000088178276,0.00082997564,0.09074909,0.000084068866,0.0012060116,0.003825828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00054468896,0.00009105017,0.87743956,0.0000236646,0.000019801166,0.0000029361793,0.0000742764,0.0005019621,0.115951486,0.00077774154,0.00443161,0.00014120905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039028933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010972216,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041184176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017596323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015634303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99178654},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2521765038","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1460","title":"Ploidy level in the genus <i><scp>L</scp>eucanthemum</i> correlates with resistance to a specialist herbivore","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; Université de Lausanne; Université de Fribourg; Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations; Montana State University; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Biology; Ploidy; Herbivore; Larva; Resistance (ecology); Botany; Taxon; Instar; Genus; Ecology; Gene; Genetics","score_opus":0.03524984492506938,"score_gpt":0.19495925931331376,"score_spread":0.15970941438824438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2521765038","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9440496,0.0006439045,0.0000018568799,0.0035229223,0.000043719258,0.00017549926,0.00010818155,0.000032885502,0.05142141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856821,0.00011933924,0.00005882395,0.0005791781,0.00030232113,0.000028483533,0.000002969765,0.0000013742537,0.013225453],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990658,0.000040831248,0.00013346381,0.0002542004,0.00018310052,0.00032256177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993117,0.00051418005,0.000050334376,0.00003877021,0.000028849225,0.000056161785],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013914544,0.00014621188,0.00015866796,0.0000028782963,0.00020007526,0.000054583677,0.00033219444,0.000048614096,0.00020674389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008707423,0.00003429628,0.00004065193,0.00029232344,0.00005934767,0.000072531904,0.00004945377,0.00008030631,0.00036125633],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014333492,0.00018064365,0.075768866,0.000013715998,0.000036273428,0.00014764657,0.001386665,0.0000016254849,0.036795754,0.0017766063,0.8551429,0.02860599],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015378541,0.00015632063,0.5039212,0.00012570572,0.0000053875583,0.000007938518,0.0017122821,3.7116683e-7,0.0006027288,0.0003369471,0.49288663,0.00009071715],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022743006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13800094,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42815232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002470715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006135197,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8777283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2526262431","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1427","title":"The dual synchronizing influences of precipitation and land use on stream properties in a rapidly urbanizing watershed","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Environmental science; Impervious surface; Watershed; Aquatic ecosystem; Precipitation; Urban stream; Ecosystem; Urbanization; STREAMS; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecology; Land cover; Land use; Water quality; Geography; Geology","score_opus":0.01529052932467808,"score_gpt":0.2006746154698207,"score_spread":0.18538408614514262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2526262431","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99738115,0.000103545775,0.00000500966,0.0007576319,0.000032545282,0.00013259223,8.576458e-7,0.000010737691,0.0015759033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892527,0.00016215595,0.00005345487,0.000042584983,0.0000074167033,0.000015375372,2.6301433e-7,0.000003924189,0.00078954984],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994588,0.000050903465,0.00012152414,0.00014163544,0.0000817915,0.00014536935],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974626,0.000106864514,0.000043794997,0.00008568174,0.0000030904632,0.000014280806],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016898339,0.0000705154,0.00007691564,0.000008107274,0.000121117635,0.00001748342,0.000060998133,0.000025151146,0.00007524211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005802263,0.000032891752,0.000010821558,0.000042357256,0.0002076053,0.00024962536,0.00009439395,0.000033350425,0.00004916159],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012428082,0.000045368408,0.969486,0.000017194634,0.000037024976,0.0000046117852,0.0029331453,0.00091585494,0.0039836233,0.00009009146,0.0016604069,0.020702427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005517843,0.00016260441,0.9925989,0.00009583172,0.000010026505,7.1464837e-7,0.00044359578,0.00021401515,0.003663713,0.0005279294,0.0016236496,0.00010726709],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026314132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015105548,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023112899,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029427489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017919226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13412867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2530607760","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1462","title":"Importance of regional variation in conservation planning: a rangewide example of the Greater Sage‐Grouse","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Habitat; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Population; Grouse; Abiotic component; Geography; Vital rates; Biology; Population growth; Demography","score_opus":0.02126350631674866,"score_gpt":0.2084273981356523,"score_spread":0.18716389181890364,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2530607760","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932025,0.00002153717,0.00043354995,0.001172404,0.000030496514,0.00011975938,0.0000032577645,0.000004994206,0.005011499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99802864,0.000009192843,0.00020963942,0.0002570001,0.00001079832,0.000007809219,7.496713e-7,0.0000040385753,0.0014721348],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948275,0.000030240415,0.00016205182,0.00011317016,0.00013238231,0.000079380625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999668,0.000035504374,0.0001162862,0.00016506555,0.0000030039412,0.0000121618095],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015757186,0.00004781246,0.00007127986,0.0000055714204,0.000017894534,0.0000024902604,0.0001081798,0.000020612051,0.0010232835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015712205,0.000026495614,0.000025559895,0.0000948543,0.00004654641,0.00009032817,0.000046853238,0.000020600473,0.00002452935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019659765,0.00002379674,0.9783728,0.000007866779,0.0000047639824,0.000001057522,0.0003577039,0.00021496056,0.002481845,0.000079989855,0.01694825,0.0014873132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040155498,0.000014085303,0.9914449,0.000054326032,0.0000037976865,4.781812e-7,0.000018538096,0.00009884227,0.00041514193,0.0006846009,0.0068234666,0.00004027467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009304459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00065347535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0130721005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003705316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040798127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998899},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2530775485","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1483","title":"Quantifying mortality of modular organisms: a comparison of partial and whole‐colony mortality in a colonial bryozoan","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Ecology; Population; Zooid; Mortality rate; Demography","score_opus":0.039495228202253575,"score_gpt":0.2982048248310206,"score_spread":0.258709596628767,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2530775485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944345,0.000047438854,0.000065828244,0.00018301042,0.00009481635,0.00018537007,0.000019564346,0.000011080193,0.004958423],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99945146,0.000014254447,0.0002493171,0.000028109174,0.000018133747,0.00000965865,0.0000017365797,0.0000071130685,0.00022024284],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988183,0.00010257096,0.00042002567,0.00027133312,0.00017077933,0.00021700659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994087,0.00007961653,0.00020164419,0.00023906896,0.000011374472,0.00005959468],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003381453,0.000116810785,0.0003465307,0.000011825387,0.00004929307,0.0000052023315,0.00016123042,0.00014558694,0.007994927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013158297,0.00009159612,0.0000434184,0.00013197529,0.0004886135,0.00016329833,0.00022852836,0.00011900947,0.00006777993],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028303699,0.00018324832,0.9659814,0.000023681027,0.000021345584,0.0000051382767,0.00040092907,0.00006863982,0.031087503,0.00068374694,0.0009496179,0.00056643767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005292967,0.00015702138,0.97526664,0.000021735257,0.000017942892,0.000001157137,0.00011577889,0.0003607007,0.021859579,0.0006744555,0.0008876788,0.00010804892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00208137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032847956,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030766584,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000059815648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020459489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9929119},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2531307522","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1488","title":"Management of forest regeneration in boreal and temperate deer–forest systems: challenges, guidelines, and research gaps","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre de Géomatique du Québec; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Center for Northern Studies; Université Laval","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Regeneration (biology); Environmental resource management; Forest management; Ungulate; Adaptive management; Temperate rainforest; Ecology; Forest ecology; Forest restoration; Geography; Agroforestry; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.0494619305822142,"score_gpt":0.2848531928712185,"score_spread":0.2353912622890043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2531307522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9857433,0.0017973019,0.000040887666,0.0029196995,0.000050148577,0.00024799138,0.0000028275185,0.000008440472,0.009189405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992883,0.004778995,0.00047993168,0.000028341989,0.000029393508,0.000052978747,0.0000037943275,0.0000068127765,0.0017367409],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991157,0.00009826201,0.00023069038,0.00023483588,0.00015210031,0.0001684154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968207,0.00005245869,0.000047714828,0.00015250822,0.000023354994,0.000041881056],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008405732,0.000070375114,0.00009746243,0.000018486771,0.00007050937,0.000012169943,0.00007747465,0.00007454117,0.00010759803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032050713,0.000051808765,0.000007387476,0.000093001545,0.00012247953,0.00016961774,0.000118575575,0.000052156047,0.000053533808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028974937,0.000031450087,0.9554877,0.00006383231,0.000010251928,0.000012270973,0.000085151245,0.00027755328,0.0001442568,0.0070355684,0.016430898,0.020392066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041628972,0.00006439099,0.9921129,0.00012018073,0.0000035263984,0.0000045171882,0.0002204565,0.00087211916,0.000047292462,0.0014091021,0.0046614353,0.00006782507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00063627743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011470264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036625136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066287685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007749984,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.64006764},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2535703020","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1476","title":"“Conservation value”: a review of the concept and its quantification","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Species richness; Habitat; Context (archaeology); Ecology; Wildlife; Agroecosystem; Value (mathematics); Geography; Meaning (existential); Metric (unit); Wildlife conservation; Environmental resource management; Biology; Mathematics; Agriculture; Statistics; Economics; Epistemology","score_opus":0.11108651410260917,"score_gpt":0.27940898695282484,"score_spread":0.16832247285021568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2535703020","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000105189756,0.9963321,5.265345e-8,0.0006993396,0.000047451515,0.00037817535,0.00016149324,0.000010674394,0.0022655015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005755633,0.99862677,0.0000021595408,0.00012749837,0.00009278366,0.000020730751,0.000023192511,6.1763325e-7,0.0010487088],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992956,0.00010262685,0.00026203756,0.00016217811,0.000092366456,0.00008522247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940073,0.00019816439,0.0003160313,0.000025043775,0.00004232036,0.00001769742],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001410635,0.00012445488,0.00047632089,0.0000010080361,0.00009847609,0.000008806706,0.00017467949,0.000074454845,0.00032114825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009595333,0.00002741064,0.00015674895,0.00013953717,0.000031193184,0.00003429492,0.000065241176,0.000060241997,0.00006960714],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[4.2295505e-7,0.0000063483703,0.000004672051,0.0063100066,0.000018327259,9.389437e-8,0.0000032884827,5.549809e-10,0.000043337644,0.0012526943,0.035924356,0.95643646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010809468,0.000015263848,0.00085667777,0.06102327,0.000069473186,0.0000031477457,0.0000030578644,2.1825754e-7,0.000005583387,0.000031088082,0.93790245,0.00007895705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014587274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009366831,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9563575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008942939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000101772075,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35163483},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2536372090","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1499","title":"To exclose nests or not: structured decision making for the conservation of a threatened species","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Northeast Cancer Centre","funders":"National Park Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","keywords":"Plover; Endangered species; Threatened species; Nest (protein structural motif); Vital rates; Population; Ecology; Population model; Predation; Biology; Fishery; Population growth; Demography; Habitat","score_opus":0.028053591094653656,"score_gpt":0.27683723318945275,"score_spread":0.24878364209479908,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2536372090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9917716,0.0000070322812,0.006016035,0.0011859556,0.00015415657,0.00038795112,0.000019411305,0.000012599082,0.00044525164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98828834,0.0000041216063,0.0071997414,0.0004586581,0.000027605949,0.000036531168,5.743356e-7,0.0000075225034,0.003976907],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994626,0.000012216334,0.00014012583,0.00015303126,0.00009537768,0.0001366501],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936765,0.00034088935,0.000066962435,0.00018801099,0.000010335121,0.000026174524],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001045948,0.00007245341,0.000092806215,0.0000045717084,0.00010975859,0.000007225805,0.00017926302,0.00005631116,0.0126723265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012691284,0.000033589396,0.000036083828,0.00007953793,0.00008583783,0.00009184834,0.00007835497,0.00002326038,0.0002611334],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001200451,0.000044652363,0.63921124,0.000005463,0.0000114709455,0.0000047953913,0.00031154064,0.00010292984,0.024381626,0.00012976184,0.041072495,0.29352358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034361932,0.00010139596,0.9865719,0.000023842927,0.0000143428615,0.0000030895078,0.00005829557,0.000022809369,0.0068441276,0.0008327134,0.0051185475,0.00006531789],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008874628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028204438,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34736064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054304826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009169746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9882302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2539501671","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1544","title":"Sex‐dependent spatial structure of telomere length in a wild long‐lived scavenger","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Junta de Andalucía; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; Fundación BBVA","keywords":"Telomere; Biology; Intraspecific competition; Foraging; Dominance (genetics); Sexual dimorphism; Cellular Aging; Zoology; Territoriality; Corticosterone; Phenotypic plasticity; Evolutionary biology; Ecology; Genetics; Hormone; Endocrinology; Gene","score_opus":0.013073379696051718,"score_gpt":0.21159418205881825,"score_spread":0.19852080236276654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2539501671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99844164,0.00009445196,0.0000025674483,0.00036037617,0.00014291883,0.00013458081,0.00003630326,0.000023453347,0.0007637339],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99795085,0.00003201345,0.000023228005,0.000010295516,0.00023467846,0.0000026625055,0.0000060582406,0.0000010437263,0.0017391668],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991951,0.000039487524,0.00017575323,0.00027379213,0.00014579602,0.00017006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999764,0.00002761546,0.000072396666,0.00006059084,0.00003241088,0.000042953976],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000063905805,0.00010172508,0.00015149933,0.000004403355,0.00004239908,0.000008612884,0.00012372622,0.00010457211,0.004586317],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014016055,0.000030203933,0.000054307977,0.00009904498,0.000042023894,0.000084867206,0.000041213847,0.000080315425,0.00005137996],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003795701,0.00006043901,0.10011786,0.0000040953028,0.0000042344113,0.000004677131,0.000060719707,0.0000015685972,0.6570064,0.000016412065,0.00028085447,0.2424048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019258627,0.00017205447,0.9022903,0.000032615248,0.0000064079823,0.000010016902,0.0002050221,0.0000014104589,0.09649923,0.00017509656,0.00029557536,0.00011969678],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000613095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040647346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8021724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026710757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005463886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99632365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2542927998","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1523","title":"Degradation of lignin and cellulose during foliar litter decomposition in an alpine forest river","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lignin; Litter; Cellulose; Larch; Plant litter; Willow; Ecosystem; Cypress; Decomposition; Riparian zone; Chemistry; Environmental science; Ecology; Botany; Biology; Organic chemistry; Habitat","score_opus":0.0053229527164871905,"score_gpt":0.2138384858805799,"score_spread":0.20851553316409271,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2542927998","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966411,0.000017060933,0.00013120375,0.00014878009,0.000022592669,0.00007058141,0.0000031130592,0.000007707122,0.0029578595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99847347,0.000028878701,0.0005748391,0.000024466868,0.000016111333,0.0000056752015,0.0000058331216,0.0000052352702,0.0008654763],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999529,0.000025572619,0.00011872316,0.00015285045,0.0000519382,0.00012193081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998071,0.000017460572,0.00004201423,0.00008846229,0.0000027074595,0.000042218333],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006227057,0.000059646976,0.00008251333,0.000010926241,0.000022884362,0.000004865776,0.000054626307,0.00004529671,0.00071729935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038862763,0.000042613883,0.0000129866485,0.000042996395,0.00005282532,0.00022223125,0.00004905674,0.000025367612,0.000074969306],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023218727,0.000051280815,0.95392495,0.000005245851,0.0000019995432,0.0000065836243,0.00010521625,0.000019927395,0.040762134,0.00004609677,0.0012126219,0.0038407233],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066647027,0.00009233811,0.98492485,0.000017053368,0.000003098918,0.000004173317,0.000008739707,0.00021339061,0.012735432,0.001142701,0.00012267404,0.000069059395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020465069,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004466454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03099992,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044718203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019303438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7853925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2552198296","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1549","title":"Rapid latitudinal range expansion at cold limits unlikely for temperate understory forest plants","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","keywords":"Range (aeronautics); Occupancy; Ecotone; Understory; Ecology; Microclimate; Abundance (ecology); Species distribution; Temperate climate; Environmental science; Temperate rainforest; Edaphic; Habitat; Niche; Boreal; Climate change; Taiga; Global warming; Physical geography; Geography; Ecosystem; Biology; Canopy","score_opus":0.04497196714116131,"score_gpt":0.23576350685374023,"score_spread":0.19079153971257892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2552198296","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.940428,0.0004427049,0.00014167289,0.0009949487,0.0004333449,0.00033127193,0.00030437135,0.000094351315,0.05682932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98078483,0.00033111795,0.000049920673,0.00028502132,0.00007162417,0.00006894175,0.00003355027,0.000022352346,0.018352648],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999042,0.000017479793,0.00014413736,0.0003040136,0.00017748262,0.0003148866],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999583,0.00006437056,0.000049404112,0.00017888368,0.000007697854,0.000116657524],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011083285,0.00014336476,0.00012375768,0.0000074994673,0.00018819884,0.000024213452,0.00013641358,0.000085442785,0.09927571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017265227,0.00009936482,0.00007765692,0.000063732645,0.00010450888,0.00015989938,0.00008634399,0.000040078143,0.01661706],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000102078666,0.000056494926,0.011563663,0.000018710956,0.000013813893,0.000006717789,0.00008311472,0.0000054100597,0.019189063,0.0014222153,0.9650506,0.002488116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015686132,0.00018455247,0.13988635,0.00006180697,0.000018097999,0.000008598895,0.00039945068,0.000067570996,0.008613397,0.00021758265,0.84864867,0.0003253408],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028716002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031311002,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12832269,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00086028187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008981565,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9841486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2553936947","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1574","title":"Assessing the impacts of the decline of <i>Tsuga canadensis</i> stands on two amphibian species in a New England forest","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Islamic Development Bank; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Tsuga; Biology; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Understory; Deciduous; Occupancy; Canopy","score_opus":0.01124638064906686,"score_gpt":0.24013603920710197,"score_spread":0.22888965855803511,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2553936947","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9645406,0.000024716976,0.000033690543,0.0022043558,0.00013056185,0.00016519926,0.0000051557604,0.0000045345746,0.032891184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971061,0.000022188346,0.00006731378,0.0004393714,0.000032550604,0.000002463482,4.2666514e-7,0.000006565206,0.0023230666],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992511,0.00006120213,0.00019157477,0.00012856735,0.00017498557,0.00019256494],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937016,0.00016549246,0.00012647906,0.00029219847,0.000004421068,0.00004124414],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029882166,0.00008535557,0.00011898409,0.000008647272,0.00006339325,0.0000110695255,0.00028131597,0.000034265726,0.002070503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010206165,0.000038974078,0.00004277482,0.00016939752,0.00018825644,0.00010387513,0.0001867881,0.000070266025,0.000032010044],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042524553,0.00007400143,0.92728406,0.000009333256,0.000016768841,0.000007041047,0.00041732282,0.0014518929,0.0038545139,0.0015757298,0.058199387,0.007067411],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008923603,0.00006943748,0.97949076,0.000060558268,0.000008058935,0.0000018207073,0.00011188959,0.00003252674,0.0027548447,0.0019519371,0.014568003,0.00005783593],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00658897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.67206174,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6654728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012690864,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004592081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99884176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561768607","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1617","title":"Do novel ecosystems follow predictable trajectories? Testing the trophic surge hypothesis in reservoirs using fish","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; McGill University","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecosystem; Ecology; Environmental science; Abundance (ecology); Fish <Actinopterygii>; Boreal; Biology; Fishery","score_opus":0.043970140836255035,"score_gpt":0.21338361201698164,"score_spread":0.1694134711807266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2561768607","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9366086,0.000026226058,0.00008102102,0.0011905447,0.0002988092,0.00031252287,0.000016133868,0.0000496664,0.061416473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959689,0.000023829301,0.000704239,0.0002064062,0.000069977126,0.00005853638,4.5675154e-7,0.000019726403,0.0029479777],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986779,0.00007790796,0.00025997372,0.00034918697,0.00018876581,0.00044624024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891055,0.00060985755,0.00011293196,0.00031674388,0.000008257714,0.000041677413],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059960835,0.00015737751,0.00020134203,0.000015081988,0.0003419903,0.000030607756,0.0003302134,0.0000755618,0.003125411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005472306,0.000095610754,0.0000488124,0.00036594534,0.00012745058,0.0002940152,0.0002810306,0.00009772751,0.00024095437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002936428,0.000070758106,0.8912551,0.000020802818,0.000043567834,0.00001660031,0.00022518159,0.00082338124,0.0014496738,0.000049731854,0.10501074,0.0010050845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009960941,0.00008574334,0.9777549,0.0001257508,0.000033331515,0.0000073124243,0.00049118645,0.0018919472,0.00017151509,0.0009913861,0.017154403,0.0002964316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082976185,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028561063,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08785634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024522416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012557915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99778587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2561841597","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1632","title":"Topographic and fire weather controls of fire refugia in forested ecosystems of northwestern North America","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Parks Canada; Oregon State University","keywords":"Predictability; Terrain; Environmental science; Fire regime; Climate change; Ecosystem; Physical geography; Ecology; Geography; Environmental resource management; Cartography","score_opus":0.0036701140445778175,"score_gpt":0.18294165043096572,"score_spread":0.1792715363863879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2561841597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965539,0.0003420721,0.00002322334,0.00007301038,0.000099849945,0.00054455735,0.000073395546,0.000026067877,0.0022639001],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926627,0.00007396916,0.000083582185,0.000022434708,0.00001961855,0.000044348286,0.0000043159316,0.000027133083,0.00045832084],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99844575,0.00012349561,0.000518048,0.00035814138,0.00025227567,0.00030230082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989167,0.00019999982,0.00033660012,0.000434728,0.00001373098,0.00009826662],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018595843,0.00020081722,0.0004806556,0.00002282367,0.00002911171,0.000008710793,0.00024868167,0.00009692396,0.0011949488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003454792,0.00014109933,0.00008486801,0.0003296328,0.00017697275,0.00021638419,0.00010640922,0.000073944604,0.00016928671],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045389206,0.00008637084,0.9482069,0.000088371715,0.000024868708,0.000010079437,0.0002491451,0.00004446226,0.0020987748,0.000004660072,0.000723555,0.04841743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016643914,0.000418303,0.986408,0.00036350623,0.000017132474,0.000009109715,0.00008777915,0.0035718116,0.00042585266,0.000035108555,0.006729768,0.0002692148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005939632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.059684385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053744752,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007122664,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000107196065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99971807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2562776533","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1612","title":"Using rarefaction to isolate the effects of patch size and sampling effort on beta diversity","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Rarefaction (ecology); Beta diversity; Estimator; Sampling (signal processing); Sample size determination; Abundance (ecology); Alpha diversity; Statistics; Diversity (politics); Ecology; Sample (material); BETA (programming language); Diversity index; Metric (unit); Econometrics; Mathematics; Biology; Species diversity; Species richness; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.013703672481097042,"score_gpt":0.23812443433249872,"score_spread":0.22442076185140167,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2562776533","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965039,0.000012751743,0.0011621031,0.0002407831,0.00011732292,0.000119694305,0.0000014888485,0.0000075731823,0.0018344034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99893767,0.000024711779,0.0005307065,0.00012743265,0.0000075082203,0.0000019824276,7.149721e-8,0.0000026527787,0.00036724893],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967384,0.00001694335,0.000055971945,0.00011069551,0.00005639052,0.0000861508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995664,0.00029628183,0.000037035436,0.00007464641,0.0000035979563,0.000022051152],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007303748,0.000049680657,0.000064612854,0.000002675432,0.0002835777,0.0000028684362,0.000054675762,0.0000271603,0.00022974184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048476668,0.000028837172,0.000016610113,0.00003987079,0.00005437366,0.00005997866,0.00021951752,0.000031281223,0.000079253856],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034739645,0.000026103153,0.98077655,0.000017517006,0.000029748842,0.0000011212819,0.0008828786,0.00076954905,0.009726383,0.00010609636,0.0003843624,0.0072449273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017299589,0.00008280258,0.9978003,0.000022845576,0.00001301929,5.5717743e-7,0.000046217894,0.00019943845,0.0009099422,0.00059142953,0.00010994629,0.000050536808],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001294621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008505858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017023694,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004755094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013860532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2515512},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2563600560","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1600","title":"Evaluating the influence of anthropogenic landscape change on wolf distribution: implications for woodland caribou","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Environment; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Ecology; Odocoileus; Predation; Woodland; Taiga; Geography; Habitat; Range (aeronautics); Canis; Threatened species; Boreal; Biology","score_opus":0.04229086844567701,"score_gpt":0.31091886297830634,"score_spread":0.2686279945326293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2563600560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909284,0.000030194878,0.00022674282,0.007828746,0.00005057104,0.0003361048,0.00013342443,0.000013715235,0.0004520787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99902076,0.000015871557,0.000096278694,0.00033347463,0.00005007091,0.00022306124,0.000021482709,0.0000044117046,0.00023461098],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948263,0.000041822528,0.00012530602,0.00014958801,0.00006941414,0.00013122022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935997,0.00028929103,0.00009217384,0.00021731741,0.000017634798,0.000023606612],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026064974,0.00006010933,0.0000655944,0.000002373476,0.00024742068,0.0000050444555,0.00014536372,0.000046595862,0.0011771166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015186613,0.000034567795,0.00003391044,0.00009350584,0.00011857287,0.00010841364,0.000040832925,0.0000385274,0.0001670777],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000407119,0.000044447745,0.95084834,0.000004344278,0.000012300639,7.872311e-8,0.00011456302,0.00043805604,0.0011553336,0.0008922109,0.016517157,0.029932443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002638841,0.00015108928,0.99521375,0.0000128973315,0.000012151644,0.0000011919985,0.000019961759,0.0001325113,0.0001261803,0.0013136258,0.0026983116,0.000054428412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005862249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003646044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.044365413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046528832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012197341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2563811116","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1602","title":"Can functional traits predict plant community response to global change?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":81,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of California, Irvine; McGill University; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Plant community; Shrub; Context (archaeology); Ecology; Transpiration; Specific leaf area; Plant functional type; Grassland; Biology; Trait; Plant ecology; Community structure; Community; Environmental science; Ecological succession; Ecosystem; Botany; Photosynthesis","score_opus":0.022305871124464735,"score_gpt":0.22643219723436236,"score_spread":0.20412632610989762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2563811116","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97398794,0.000012947805,0.00026289382,0.0064428733,0.00017672541,0.00014056519,0.00022057367,0.00004543443,0.018710049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99556535,0.000005321292,0.00021335833,0.00105517,0.000034920944,0.000052908545,0.0000052063065,0.0000042971387,0.003063484],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930745,0.00017491392,0.00009483191,0.0001300294,0.00010783436,0.00018494153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995895,0.0001646602,0.000028727454,0.000121899066,0.0000062772388,0.00008894735],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002970519,0.00008236587,0.00007951477,0.0000044333055,0.0003032945,0.000005335201,0.00013289957,0.000050436618,0.0044979067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010316592,0.000059162056,0.000025188081,0.00009217018,0.00009612101,0.0000786082,0.0001533672,0.00007195157,0.0020166163],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010930061,0.00025008156,0.69313425,0.0000067812557,0.00006484363,0.000016869199,0.0025026868,0.00022332948,0.0011476569,0.0009780783,0.27999464,0.020587768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029239708,0.0001368134,0.9900049,0.000009301464,0.0000045449774,0.000007483965,0.00014387636,0.000046248966,0.000014920832,0.0011917438,0.008062195,0.00008558306],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025109045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.031423617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29687062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002389049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000106452635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2563823566","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1604","title":"Indirect effects and prey behavior mediate interactions between an endangered prey and recovering predator","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University; Tula Foundation; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hakai Institute; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"Otter; Abalone; Predation; Ecology; Biology; Trophic cascade; Fishery; Kelp forest; Endangered species; Abiotic component; Estuary; Habitat; Predator","score_opus":0.01511387186453123,"score_gpt":0.2572723466113952,"score_spread":0.24215847474686397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2563823566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626407,0.000015810709,0.00003489527,0.000071838025,0.00007121403,0.00029370893,0.000026326514,0.000041390995,0.03680411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944915,0.000104061546,0.00052284583,0.000015725222,0.000073042625,0.000090773516,0.0000073864476,0.000018129895,0.004676498],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912447,0.00006601561,0.00011702688,0.0003135625,0.00014202956,0.00023688744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940556,0.00014552395,0.000038897233,0.00020026903,0.000004669347,0.00020510351],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013227634,0.000111891204,0.00013188507,0.000012155355,0.00010657498,0.000058209727,0.000117586045,0.00005493421,0.007882214],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007721624,0.0000826254,0.000017814778,0.000067346984,0.000098112505,0.0006330249,0.00031609912,0.000105671,0.00013057259],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011415284,0.000022155622,0.6836749,0.000013255887,0.000008943687,0.0000055276923,0.00017655891,8.2180044e-8,0.002543578,7.590661e-7,0.0010732892,0.3124696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033886844,0.00018526302,0.9779589,0.000016774797,0.000018286773,0.000006482121,0.000026138512,0.000022677454,0.003987914,0.00006507428,0.017227745,0.00014584305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020395986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021227365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31232375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068408895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067884316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9930247},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2575150071","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1633","title":"Temporal complexity of southern<scp>B</scp>eaufort<scp>S</scp>ea polar bear diets during a period of increasing land use","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; U.S. Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Institute of Standards and Technology; Dalhousie University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Geological Survey; York University","keywords":"Beluga Whale; Ursus maritimus; Beluga; Sea ice; Arctic; Predation; Biology; Arctic oscillation; Whale; Seasonality; Arctic ice pack; Fishery; Geography; Ecology; Oceanography; The arctic; Geology","score_opus":0.03203707514544634,"score_gpt":0.23861518602422066,"score_spread":0.2065781108787743,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2575150071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9538317,0.00035215195,0.000005032071,0.000041660747,0.00006653887,0.00029178287,0.00017895314,0.00003953413,0.045192692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960198,0.00008532872,0.0017493612,0.00003457687,0.00006265803,0.0000080665795,0.0000107174255,0.00004241548,0.0019871227],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979495,0.000098772776,0.0004864241,0.00046594415,0.00047422748,0.0005251569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99814653,0.00015983361,0.00066015974,0.0008276093,0.000030508752,0.00017535707],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039012844,0.00030739134,0.0005803283,0.000014685306,0.00062404637,0.00010507208,0.0007151129,0.00011405537,0.0010200472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010342046,0.00028721616,0.00019830636,0.00010681282,0.0006479963,0.00045261372,0.0015296978,0.00022282955,0.00045891455],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015455067,0.00012903857,0.99462825,0.00015788194,0.00006903278,0.000025952384,0.0012459088,0.000025829047,0.0010206441,0.00002290079,0.0022713314,0.0003877582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005988901,0.00010025698,0.9822304,0.0001033833,0.000040902712,0.000016122814,0.0010651166,0.000162433,0.0008497587,0.0001668988,0.014583612,0.000082196275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.051830813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02644077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04320557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113284244,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019539093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999958},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2581180511","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1654","title":"Climate and herbivore influence on <i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> over the last 40 years in northwest Lapland, Finland","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; W. Garfield Weston Foundation; ArcticNet","keywords":"Vaccinium myrtillus; Abundance (ecology); Herbivore; Bilberry; Ecology; Reproductive success; Climate change; Biology; Population; Habitat; Pollinator; Pollination; Geography; Pollen; Demography","score_opus":0.015529970454026265,"score_gpt":0.20515952982322452,"score_spread":0.18962955936919826,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2581180511","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911332,0.00020622245,3.5411907e-9,0.000635144,0.000039178023,0.000080241734,0.00008234627,0.000011427533,0.007812213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988261,0.0005270154,0.0000023259142,0.00032896348,0.00010836298,0.000006015576,0.0000050995322,7.030833e-7,0.00019544389],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994096,0.000016127618,0.000096597905,0.00017906631,0.00008398062,0.00021460085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997413,0.0000977236,0.00007040041,0.000045066874,0.000009340333,0.000036157984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009605042,0.000098927936,0.00011944635,0.0000016372431,0.0004184759,0.00013902421,0.00022124551,0.000047326248,0.00014849042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002676397,0.000032026634,0.00002707339,0.000037493202,0.000053084874,0.00009891385,0.00013202748,0.00011074625,0.00014492065],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006527814,0.000023728813,0.98458534,0.00000494342,0.0000050078193,0.00002746304,0.00007295568,0.000004363835,0.0009663834,0.00005074882,0.0041860533,0.010007727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001496546,0.00008371365,0.9686329,0.00004527048,0.0000026647297,0.0000033234073,0.00008468516,0.000008533771,0.00003592473,0.00005511912,0.030805329,0.00009288866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010445694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2065089,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20546433,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005673606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016855276,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8079702},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2584699608","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1678","title":"Leaf‐litter microbial communities in boreal streams linked to forest and wetland sources of dissolved organic carbon","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Plant litter; Riparian zone; Environmental science; Litter; Wetland; Watershed; Ecology; Ecosystem; STREAMS; Microbial population biology; Dissolved organic carbon; Taiga; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.010447512043101648,"score_gpt":0.21975448614035567,"score_spread":0.20930697409725402,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2584699608","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876035,0.0000211517,0.0000012357476,0.0003035404,0.00006114854,0.00013844618,0.000013021285,0.000008138974,0.011849828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932754,0.000027010028,0.00009516815,0.00014424331,0.000022911116,0.0000043460195,0.000023737432,0.000009971581,0.00034505152],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993488,0.00011877986,0.00016352547,0.00012041394,0.00003597595,0.00021250223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925274,0.00008341372,0.00009557512,0.0005107788,0.0000049759306,0.00005251715],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014890348,0.000113325266,0.00021529691,0.0000111064655,0.00025992934,0.000024819923,0.00047771327,0.000112989204,0.0024698838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026931946,0.0001066178,0.000023610448,0.00003193191,0.00039612243,0.00007688494,0.0006431468,0.00022254894,0.00004919513],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010037331,0.00009541309,0.9563919,0.00001655968,0.0000135132605,0.0000037129103,0.003834308,0.000112718895,0.03503822,0.000015018189,0.0031715564,0.0012067158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047470263,0.00014835199,0.9952777,0.00002564202,0.000007305307,0.000003818838,0.0005580733,0.00010683133,0.0011154513,0.00042600126,0.0017243949,0.0001317437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02542548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4950995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46967402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031323194,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007929693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998442},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2587346516","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1683","title":"Traceable measurements and calibration: a primer on uncertainty analysis","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Community College","funders":"Battelle; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Measurement uncertainty; Calibration; Uncertainty analysis; Transparency (behavior); Repeatability; Computer science; Confidence interval; Quality (philosophy); Propagation of uncertainty; Data mining; Environmental science; Statistics; Reliability engineering; Mathematics; Engineering; Simulation; Algorithm","score_opus":0.053913805885956845,"score_gpt":0.2738454224765639,"score_spread":0.21993161659060706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2587346516","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6420513,0.000020038613,0.00003177036,0.0005531448,0.0000407949,0.00005914637,0.000016551654,0.000014570442,0.35721272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954212,0.000014578894,0.000039281134,0.00019493433,0.000013469885,0.0000080192585,0.0000185978,0.0000036774118,0.0042862617],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994092,0.000014103182,0.00007565173,0.00018861938,0.00018442931,0.00012799924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995516,0.0000062900012,0.00006483299,0.0003008359,0.000004656811,0.000071787144],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010164058,0.00007132267,0.000090511145,0.000004705604,0.00036844375,0.0001189894,0.00013426076,0.00003411677,0.18011269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025149144,0.000061283696,0.0000427828,0.0000674485,0.00007689452,0.00015342179,0.0000643696,0.000039199098,0.001192584],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000641198,0.0002621906,0.5856259,0.000008769081,0.00027506478,0.000008085966,0.00027887148,0.0020589756,0.001476517,0.0007551115,0.39949918,0.009687245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002958161,0.000033418793,0.9594021,0.0000027910985,0.00007125463,5.084918e-7,0.00017413331,0.0017385038,0.0007671493,0.00006456466,0.037328817,0.00012095795],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006186055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003695342,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37377623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013664243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002804493,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995851},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2588974110","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1635","title":"Full and effective participation of indigenous peoples in forest monitoring for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (<scp>REDD</scp>+): trial in Panama's Darién","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Margaret A. Cargill Foundation; McGill University; World Bank Group; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation; Environmental science; Deforestation (computer science); Context (archaeology); Indigenous; Biomass (ecology); Climate change; Climate change mitigation; Forest inventory; Baseline (sea); Vegetation (pathology); Forest degradation; Geography; Agroforestry; Environmental protection; Forestry; Environmental resource management; Carbon stock; Land degradation; Forest management; Ecology; Agriculture; Computer science","score_opus":0.011955769764826558,"score_gpt":0.2640348261031595,"score_spread":0.25207905633833294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2588974110","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99706405,0.00005280501,0.0009862643,0.000028877894,0.0001655854,0.0012750636,0.000010136147,0.000008742129,0.0004084456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980943,0.000052389998,0.0013982977,0.0000029855157,0.000035582456,0.00031602464,0.000027985003,0.00000974576,0.00006265966],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991496,0.00004803514,0.00023925981,0.0002672436,0.00008815415,0.00020771532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916667,0.00038010106,0.00022085081,0.00017349668,0.0000070391384,0.00005184882],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031313207,0.000104811676,0.00016583952,0.000029771538,0.00026152714,0.000044473956,0.0001014706,0.00009363847,0.000014694495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00068080693,0.00010298084,0.000020229007,0.00005266075,0.00009673794,0.0003826009,0.00011226657,0.00007756881,0.000003871437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052004657,0.00010794583,0.97816694,0.000034232307,0.000011562036,0.0000026359642,0.003797327,0.005821338,0.00033783348,0.00019844178,0.00008353708,0.0109181395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005008722,0.00034926774,0.98231155,0.0000679101,0.000023221886,2.969329e-7,0.0007825141,0.004643903,0.00053232926,0.0062000225,0.000025762874,0.000054511635],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0053889984,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14257881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1371898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011266362,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015507474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8730669},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2589427888","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1685","title":"The ecological significance of secondary seed dispersal by carnivores","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Seed dispersal; Ecology; Seed dispersal syndrome; Biology; Trophic level; Predation; Population; Range (aeronautics); Frugivore; Abiotic component; Ecosystem; Habitat","score_opus":0.00542398366258996,"score_gpt":0.22138468882373483,"score_spread":0.21596070516114488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2589427888","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79563504,0.00015330386,0.000031031614,0.0010386623,0.00015164916,0.00009641039,0.000011220493,0.000010596235,0.20287208],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906993,0.00007882624,0.00010550444,0.00007241095,0.00001283245,0.000018129638,0.0000016921003,0.000004023751,0.009007266],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946946,0.000033881148,0.000116961346,0.00014681835,0.00007721619,0.0001556414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942815,0.00014885199,0.00013829787,0.00024954588,0.0000059698077,0.000029178545],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015588393,0.00006852614,0.000097548196,0.0000011202086,0.00092594366,0.000024615438,0.00036721912,0.00005253724,0.0022221422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011330976,0.000044800465,0.000038301794,0.000015588177,0.00074249966,0.00009460854,0.00018310694,0.00010808759,0.00032395808],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030301399,0.00010403032,0.8565687,0.000007692462,0.000051486302,0.0000052235177,0.00035275563,0.00032383332,0.0015237844,0.0021680554,0.13245751,0.0064066187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015399788,0.00005266381,0.98397416,0.0000014674514,0.0000060173393,5.7540257e-7,0.00019061363,0.0010797939,0.00020272916,0.0012356328,0.013034324,0.000067998146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018291493,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008996487,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19506428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032885822,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008138077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99868995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2593391942","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1694","title":"Climate change may reduce the spread of non‐native species","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"University of Johannesburg; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Invasive species; Climate change; Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Ecology; Introduced species; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Species distribution; Niche; Distribution (mathematics); Ecological release; Provisioning; Ecosystem services; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.053720184212556324,"score_gpt":0.288867287313438,"score_spread":0.23514710310088172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2593391942","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.45117334,0.00003656674,0.0000026189628,0.0016873447,0.00017309283,0.0001368511,0.00009402006,0.0000113100195,0.54668486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937992,0.00032878682,0.000031744807,0.00016469815,0.00008308869,0.000032304077,0.000010160683,0.000009143215,0.0055408617],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992131,0.000019346746,0.00013181588,0.00018337223,0.00020247496,0.0002498655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991465,0.000023551533,0.00019885528,0.00056829327,0.000011634137,0.000051141375],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001625187,0.00010834145,0.00012536818,0.0000031891461,0.00044427265,0.0000648139,0.00056526717,0.000044898316,0.16706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044199158,0.000074648335,0.000069868445,0.00005248694,0.00043554613,0.0002317166,0.00038495942,0.00008205305,0.0046257093],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000092251816,0.00032550373,0.088836625,0.000052621857,0.000043058448,0.00002201319,0.004535824,0.0000068078034,0.010314307,0.014435653,0.83782935,0.04350595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019593233,0.000033769094,0.9029107,0.000017780367,0.000008942597,0.0000020695468,0.002245258,0.00003620834,0.007909925,0.000091048256,0.08644323,0.00010509469],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003764825,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012613549,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8140741,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012276335,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002646661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9961493},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2595324319","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1723","title":"Predicting aquatic invasion in Adirondack lakes: a spatial analysis of lake and landscape characteristics","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Binghamton University; Ryerson University; State University of New York","keywords":"Myriophyllum; Ecology; Aquatic plant; Invasive species; Macrophyte; Zebra mussel; Species richness; Introduced species; Potamogeton crispus; Landscape ecology; Dreissena; Biology; Geography; Habitat; Bivalvia; Mussel","score_opus":0.00840570064984471,"score_gpt":0.2132169626979766,"score_spread":0.20481126204813188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2595324319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96339536,0.000007123242,0.000036007576,0.00016707927,0.000055476943,0.00008797596,0.000009703021,0.0000071907366,0.036234103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990489,0.000071822375,0.000098213415,0.00005737121,0.000011134455,0.00000746794,0.000009996288,0.0000034761822,0.00069162116],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946296,0.000019232259,0.00015487468,0.0001674244,0.000075810865,0.000119711265],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995709,0.00004139817,0.00015840858,0.00020454447,0.0000019217982,0.000022792272],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016943234,0.00006821445,0.00019709706,0.000020773145,0.00016447177,0.00001747354,0.00013210546,0.000040329403,0.0034755834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014019237,0.00006273655,0.000025969766,0.00007455293,0.00011154861,0.00011852047,0.00025948382,0.000057106903,0.000054062195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011046455,0.000032595417,0.99511045,0.000011642288,0.000067215915,0.0000053799295,0.0003103944,0.00005260855,0.000010518416,0.000004659141,0.002238032,0.002145435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021482522,0.000039424976,0.98233724,0.000011949617,0.00014408024,1.5502032e-7,0.00011945869,0.016487518,0.0000046341706,0.000042760166,0.0005375931,0.000060338003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035298642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.37551796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.375165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011424147,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021001279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974354},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2596174585","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1746","title":"Intensive agriculture and insect prey availability influence oxidative status and return rates of an aerial insectivore","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Insect and Pesticide Research","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Biology; Oxidative stress; Predation; Insectivore; Oxidative phosphorylation; Ecology; Endocrinology; Biochemistry","score_opus":0.03164078313439622,"score_gpt":0.2808091474774588,"score_spread":0.24916836434306255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2596174585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971187,0.00028459844,9.614378e-8,0.00016556511,0.000055114866,0.00027553816,0.00008335261,0.000017075781,0.0019999752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99945056,0.00016408172,0.00005488128,0.000042338612,0.00013107079,0.00001007631,0.00002398028,0.0000010488238,0.00012196776],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894446,0.0001269015,0.00016921063,0.00033037434,0.00015399727,0.00027504892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99891317,0.00020106937,0.00016038674,0.00012228436,0.00044153328,0.00016153467],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023033441,0.00014819983,0.00022864433,0.0000041534754,0.00044426316,0.00018767755,0.00022205341,0.00013821905,0.0005191563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089359534,0.00005578993,0.00003087903,0.000074685544,0.00037564823,0.00046409934,0.00018679269,0.00021101705,0.000006565989],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047782203,0.00009794108,0.46085986,0.00006800834,0.000039465765,0.0000122819365,0.0018624258,0.0000022243435,0.5118524,0.0001612327,0.00083381304,0.023732519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020980994,0.0006578303,0.9685978,0.000035260062,0.0000073919314,0.0000074456943,0.00089631695,0.00003443566,0.027436228,0.0016505969,0.00032397927,0.000142883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054817363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018528111,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.507738,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017290284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021402762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2599353092","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1735","title":"Mammal responses to human footprint vary with spatial extent but not with spatial grain","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures","keywords":"Odocoileus; Spatial ecology; Geography; Taiga; Canis; Ecology; Boreal; Spatial variability; Biodiversity; Scale (ratio); Physical geography; Spatial analysis; Mammal; Environmental science; Cartography; Forestry; Biology; Statistics; Remote sensing; Mathematics","score_opus":0.01427033270891975,"score_gpt":0.23387369932484117,"score_spread":0.21960336661592142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2599353092","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9796544,0.0000016140372,0.0018782075,0.002945815,0.0001321236,0.00034019785,0.00000789619,0.00004565513,0.0149941305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98655045,8.199584e-7,0.002104799,0.00070186233,0.00012771305,0.00006932966,0.000005044498,0.000020480355,0.010419488],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988,0.00006736019,0.00015758922,0.0004140229,0.00025072807,0.00031029445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990715,0.000033553573,0.00014149661,0.00060127507,0.000012563336,0.00013964214],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021963214,0.00017587336,0.00015717419,0.000010584609,0.0007836321,0.000084138075,0.00040682504,0.000083135674,0.0038679042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051186194,0.00012567284,0.000031548047,0.000036717498,0.00023442159,0.00015504661,0.00024916834,0.00015466363,0.0010114362],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013806227,0.00012182016,0.9728724,0.0000051444376,0.000027753538,0.00013885394,0.00021701644,0.00033175113,0.0016039265,0.00012576606,0.0044947686,0.018680207],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006802324,0.0007754992,0.9920595,0.000020643221,0.000017033437,0.000019005121,0.000050715174,0.000108878245,0.001824874,0.0001312065,0.004075768,0.00023660682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0081587285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0720949,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063936174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010254343,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035857607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2599894891","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1728","title":"The spatial organization of ecosystem services in river‐floodplains","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Capital Commission; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Floodplain; Environmental science; Ecosystem services; Ecology; Ecosystem; Spatial ecology; Geography; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.003809714250695661,"score_gpt":0.18688925871849932,"score_spread":0.18307954446780367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2599894891","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9758699,0.000032405995,0.000010015876,0.00015452276,0.00020579492,0.00012158972,0.000008174575,0.000012318381,0.023585266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997257,0.000052689596,0.00003169819,0.00001719273,0.00004583339,0.000003731472,0.0000041530616,0.000009225365,0.00010974776],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934447,0.000029090144,0.00018863883,0.00014551864,0.00013962899,0.00015266551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99929446,0.000024610064,0.00021258778,0.00042592734,0.0000096926515,0.00003269498],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001798219,0.00007692913,0.0001106592,0.000003883598,0.00040222835,0.00008075703,0.0005753912,0.000049883467,0.0014686328],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001172081,0.00004979727,0.000020412204,0.000059619597,0.000016210022,0.00027918015,0.00021118118,0.000043514214,0.0010843455],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006414512,0.000029932005,0.9934865,0.00005911651,0.000008958936,0.0000038835365,0.00056208327,0.0008283169,0.0001405569,0.00003938021,0.00046241714,0.004372408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031770527,0.000019646917,0.9853955,0.00006133544,0.0000066024854,0.000001974364,0.00023939209,0.0064952984,0.0014563631,0.00015586289,0.0057556587,0.00009468125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0071126786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2845878,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27747512,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004239255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059831873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99969345},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600385721","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1684","title":"Can existing data on West Nile virus infection in birds and mosquitos explain strain replacement?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","field":"Medicine","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Transmission (telecommunications); Virology; Arbovirus; Pathogen; Dominance (genetics); Zoology; Competition (biology); Genotype; Clade; Virus; Demography; Ecology; Immunology; Phylogenetic tree; Genetics; Gene","score_opus":0.04939359402837234,"score_gpt":0.3317867244107511,"score_spread":0.28239313038237873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600385721","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9731601,0.00027013113,0.000018113176,0.0010233003,0.00021656556,0.0004197989,0.0002377317,0.00005134141,0.024602905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975255,0.00014613541,0.00007166918,0.00034885592,0.00035168594,0.00003840834,0.0001586335,0.000027065344,0.0013320512],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99883616,0.00003640946,0.0002279128,0.00046684177,0.00017160637,0.00026105004],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983758,0.000041994124,0.0001451016,0.0012591752,0.000024239285,0.00015372549],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030503082,0.00015622101,0.00023881272,0.00002515627,0.00024087285,0.00014607351,0.00018616534,0.0000749788,0.0009272498],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004266629,0.00014610006,0.00003159159,0.000041552583,0.0000415466,0.00017889537,0.00016609493,0.00018366166,0.000054883054],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001631109,0.0008885282,0.63362783,0.0004347806,0.00017099007,0.00045803923,0.0004915092,0.000066672386,0.004979584,0.0014454887,0.06214905,0.29365638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0057976386,0.0007134356,0.95739216,0.0005033051,0.00011708858,0.000023179984,0.0003899562,0.011217068,0.00031487065,0.00022546628,0.02297756,0.0003282651],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007109453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032613043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32376432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006769629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000081694045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2600943556","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1759","title":"Temporal variation in plant neighborhood effects on the defoliation of primary and secondary hosts by an insect pest","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Spruce budworm; Choristoneura fumiferana; Balsam; Herbivore; Biology; Ecology; Host (biology); Black spruce; Tortricidae; Taiga; Lepidoptera genitalia; Botany","score_opus":0.007179680119267037,"score_gpt":0.20208477028971294,"score_spread":0.1949050901704459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2600943556","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97464365,0.000044480996,0.000038277856,0.0003849787,0.000078289195,0.00016480261,0.000012516581,0.0000059208314,0.024627099],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995517,0.000027098322,0.000074407246,0.00018950796,0.000011089959,0.000014897754,0.000016144237,0.000004245565,0.0001108699],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999543,0.00006420431,0.00010088581,0.00013772638,0.00006925193,0.000084929],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99956167,0.00012330519,0.00013534192,0.00015787149,0.000003066405,0.000018760364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020886006,0.000066072855,0.000092326845,0.0000056229214,0.00022987973,0.000018204413,0.00010820964,0.00005156974,0.0001767004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058357404,0.000049506343,0.000010948897,0.000022085835,0.000070512346,0.00021523646,0.00006256068,0.00009232813,0.000028896078],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003207094,0.00009345796,0.99003977,0.000021320948,0.000011401057,0.0000026160362,0.00090607256,0.000088702276,0.0011837184,0.0009099029,0.0019171052,0.0047938703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032971703,0.00014337077,0.9952144,0.000011724034,0.0000043872024,7.704675e-7,0.000023735336,0.0022666364,0.00020878222,0.0016871024,0.00005232946,0.000057020836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030920934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005510734,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024908105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052417843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008570267,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3075119},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2602527715","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1730","title":"Time vs. distance: Alternate metrics of animal resource selection provide opposing inference","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; Carbon Engineering (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Parks Canada; World Wildlife Fund","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Habitat; Selection (genetic algorithm); Ursus; Foraging; Geography; Forage; Ecology; Endangered species; Metric (unit); Global Positioning System; Resource (disambiguation); Computer science; Biology; Population","score_opus":0.013097244553143301,"score_gpt":0.2446958173221088,"score_spread":0.2315985727689655,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2602527715","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9467992,0.000015705515,0.0003797797,0.0004424335,0.00005315185,0.00010690201,0.0000029736646,0.000025048485,0.052174814],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99500513,0.0000066139105,0.0009447359,0.00012402481,0.00003453695,0.000006513344,0.0000026263385,0.0000076752585,0.0038681165],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931,0.000035059733,0.00015705636,0.00019928362,0.0001403926,0.00015820628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999408,0.000052184485,0.0002478623,0.00023825577,0.000011617008,0.000042072228],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020084671,0.00008119477,0.000110204724,0.000009030685,0.00033429894,0.00004335744,0.000291623,0.00007058633,0.0022048147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023960919,0.00008103059,0.000029115505,0.00009387587,0.00015860604,0.0003967384,0.00013289924,0.00010489246,0.0005809122],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001172641,0.00005328102,0.9690224,0.000010675389,0.0000116855135,0.000003411475,0.00010632886,0.00044046872,0.0037445906,0.00018294658,0.0184208,0.007886163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021796105,0.00016014771,0.97094697,0.000018721585,0.000012825277,0.0000031479185,0.00001359599,0.013743626,0.0026095146,0.00040886077,0.011745737,0.00011891311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024477503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003493187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048306696,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008992951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001637295,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987073},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604222462","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1753","title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids in fishes increase with total lipids irrespective of feeding sources and trophic position","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Amt der NÖ Landesregierung","keywords":"Trophic level; Pike; Esox; Biology; Rutilus; Pelagic zone; Minnow; Phoxinus; Food web; Trophic state index; Food chain; Ecology; Brown trout; Salvelinus; Perch; Predatory fish; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Isotope analysis; Fishery; Trout; Predation; Fatty acid; Nutrient; Phytoplankton","score_opus":0.004924133294389839,"score_gpt":0.20784060755667577,"score_spread":0.20291647426228593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604222462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98268396,0.00003240113,0.000014137444,0.00021579904,0.00003136815,0.00010007281,0.0000032591229,0.000010275968,0.016908739],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988032,0.000011930226,0.0007917875,0.000030714476,0.000029016404,0.0000073472106,0.0000022969937,0.0000085265,0.0003151814],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928933,0.000046640762,0.00013833941,0.00023726303,0.000116808864,0.00017162062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999526,0.000035263492,0.00015335037,0.00022985872,0.000008778926,0.0000467406],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012969965,0.00010365774,0.00018371282,0.000017873766,0.00018596981,0.000050171224,0.0001638135,0.00006694448,0.0013694903],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006859121,0.000086176005,0.000024231718,0.000089864974,0.0003095254,0.00034773975,0.00015478779,0.00011334052,0.000040865998],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013110247,0.000062158666,0.9878982,0.0000049248174,0.000025630454,0.000020419267,0.00047085213,0.00048307056,0.00881354,0.000027123777,0.00019479114,0.001868218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046079681,0.00015728768,0.9939505,0.000020153684,0.000021273823,0.00001586525,0.00029831094,0.0012206769,0.0035422621,0.00017136634,0.00003306391,0.00010848434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022181896,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00565603,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016593557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009924278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008449685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99954337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604467132","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1766","title":"Capital vs. income‐dependent optimal birth date in two North American ungulates","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; University of Alberta","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Leverhulme Trust; Eppley Foundation for Research; Charles Engelhard Foundation; National Geographic Society; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ovis canadensis; Phenotypic plasticity; Biology; Maternal effect; Reproductive success; Ecology; Stabilizing selection; Zoology; Demography; Pregnancy; Genetic variation; Population","score_opus":0.005962653691054139,"score_gpt":0.2333254369567283,"score_spread":0.22736278326567416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604467132","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881002,0.000007934322,0.000016676579,0.0009701942,0.00015261772,0.00014440702,0.000008130199,0.000027446917,0.010572405],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965149,0.000016321428,0.0011414295,0.00041555785,0.000043560223,0.000025146373,0.000007564111,0.0000111346635,0.001824383],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910116,0.000035312965,0.00017372529,0.00028909708,0.00012904983,0.00027167174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930894,0.000023038905,0.00016711606,0.000423194,0.000005303393,0.000072406074],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014411256,0.00012033958,0.00015002009,0.000009578499,0.00027167148,0.000052920233,0.00043560853,0.000026573687,0.003449652],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050538918,0.000116816605,0.000029435243,0.000073744624,0.00026502874,0.0003973953,0.00028950415,0.00015038245,0.0025574295],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023397377,0.000043644486,0.9891292,0.0000015485998,0.000006694396,0.00003222864,0.0001245406,0.0030546908,0.000015176346,0.000029359226,0.0016114858,0.005928059],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039717,0.00005820299,0.9963506,0.000004297505,0.000003908662,0.0000039285464,0.00006806309,0.001207624,0.000051306328,0.00007890467,0.0016255049,0.00015049962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0055577867,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14789803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14234026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000076836746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014808591,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982192},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604534264","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1731","title":"Climatic suitability ranking of biological control candidates: a biogeographic approach for ragweed management in Europe","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"UC Berkeley College of Chemistry; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services; Russian Academy of Sciences; Université de Fribourg; University of California Berkeley; University of Alberta; Florida Museum of Natural History; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ragweed; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Invasive species; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Niche; Environmental niche modelling; Biodiversity; Biology; Ecological niche; Introduced species; Habitat; Biological pest control; Geography","score_opus":0.034996916108536655,"score_gpt":0.26097586090050573,"score_spread":0.22597894479196906,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604534264","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8700035,0.000050648854,0.0004890473,0.00011144388,0.00004653809,0.00067238713,0.0001090806,0.000017566483,0.12849975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991085,0.00005256157,0.000523989,0.000057346693,0.000006815587,0.000104781415,0.0000484394,0.000006049627,0.00009150753],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990804,0.00004258968,0.00023471651,0.00026659443,0.00011319963,0.00026245663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937356,0.00003771981,0.00014856643,0.00038227788,0.000011233309,0.000046657624],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046400673,0.00010601282,0.00020402847,0.000010509217,0.00016020515,0.00003910385,0.00036731042,0.000050607512,0.010904761],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000099901496,0.00008486308,0.00007363482,0.00012556317,0.00023377183,0.000084135514,0.00015436279,0.000050478844,0.00012453026],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020709982,0.00054837036,0.9870122,0.0001334475,0.000042684955,0.0000048934917,0.00012026213,0.00010227394,0.0008384938,0.0017383985,0.0047567724,0.0044950796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018833888,0.00006712368,0.9930414,0.00001074752,0.00001555764,6.981697e-7,0.00043498166,0.0016754533,0.00009029767,0.00025698103,0.0023959596,0.0001274424],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023280828,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004130571,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12910497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009492695,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002390194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9899994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2604558145","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1744","title":"Design for ground beetle abundance and diversity sampling within the National Ecological Observatory Network","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ground beetle; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Habitat; Abiotic component; Context (archaeology); Sampling design; Climate change; Sampling (signal processing); Geography; Observatory; Population; Environmental science; Biology; Engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.1470129533500782,"score_gpt":0.2878256787948384,"score_spread":0.1408127254447602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2604558145","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.972935,0.000063796506,0.0017761341,0.0007904348,0.00022888035,0.00024213467,0.000028339957,0.000021105621,0.023914175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967501,0.000018255234,0.0017301806,0.00062119897,0.000081531194,0.000019821493,0.0000061061896,0.000003739745,0.000769057],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948347,0.000018460103,0.00006670117,0.00015724666,0.00012968437,0.00014444548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964315,0.00011263428,0.000085142616,0.00010769817,0.000010399369,0.000040987765],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038144866,0.00006209461,0.00006133094,6.929851e-7,0.002033188,0.00009935678,0.00026410466,0.00004402411,0.010077117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009290003,0.000045801873,0.000025099334,0.000018897299,0.0002050689,0.00014999401,0.00040535847,0.000056555466,0.0002259871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012627928,0.00014176907,0.19869405,0.000016222948,0.00003956781,0.0000031418208,0.0005939905,0.006541011,0.0003162988,0.018116184,0.7738603,0.0015512198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020035119,0.000028896864,0.972895,0.0000026494372,0.0000052808923,0.0000013611243,0.00018243481,0.0011319489,0.000014983209,0.005480722,0.019980201,0.00007616608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057054604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00066955725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.774201,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017920976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054825055,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2605631111","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1771","title":"Estimating utilization distributions from fitted step‐selection functions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Computer science; Range (aeronautics); Sampling (signal processing); Selection (genetic algorithm); Covariate; Independence (probability theory); Parameterized complexity; Model selection; Scale (ratio); Conditional independence; Spatial analysis; Data mining; Statistics; Algorithm; Mathematics; Machine learning; Artificial intelligence; Cartography","score_opus":0.022530853001723434,"score_gpt":0.25001454612178753,"score_spread":0.22748369312006408,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2605631111","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87135744,0.0000070600854,0.097534195,0.00080994726,0.00050802005,0.00011308243,0.00003051153,0.000083707506,0.029556038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888596,0.0000015677631,0.0069511286,0.00010930339,0.00012320312,0.00002959655,0.00015661695,0.000007305212,0.0037616568],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993968,0.000030325542,0.00012978692,0.00021361839,0.00008667223,0.0001428143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950224,0.00003738089,0.00014150325,0.00026209082,0.0000119815895,0.000044778688],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008158056,0.00007904191,0.00006899708,0.000004265827,0.0014489859,0.00008118143,0.00015555577,0.00008644267,0.016749177],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020740459,0.000083838684,0.000030187914,0.00006653044,0.000085801395,0.00047190665,0.000078034995,0.00010102578,0.004069376],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000076219144,0.000047032707,0.82132065,0.0000010382236,0.00001143426,8.188341e-7,0.000027809729,0.0014961623,0.00017798123,0.00013015351,0.15896903,0.017810266],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001636976,0.000017623888,0.90479964,0.00000617101,0.00001730383,0.0000011866317,0.000018108725,0.08382118,0.000074626805,0.0011814652,0.00981345,0.00008554077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010982314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004991432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14915557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011171583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012528557,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999851},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606186731","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1782","title":"A conditional probability index to quantify the amplitude and the direction of spatiotemporal changes in communities","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux des Laurentides; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts","funders":"Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs","keywords":"Species richness; Metric (unit); Similarity (geometry); Climate change; Index (typography); Range (aeronautics); Computer science; Ecology; Sensitivity (control systems); Artificial intelligence; Biology","score_opus":0.043506851025186186,"score_gpt":0.27654875837779536,"score_spread":0.23304190735260916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606186731","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9640523,0.000025017369,0.00002275829,0.006459843,0.000045223445,0.00024954567,0.000045460474,0.000006310766,0.029093515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956214,0.000027848217,0.000011818891,0.00016635371,0.000009524615,0.000052003492,0.000012202288,0.0000022802908,0.00015580718],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99957633,0.000068324254,0.000086495755,0.000071949704,0.00011280661,0.000084071005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995519,0.00006946455,0.000077755685,0.00027382493,0.000007757082,0.000019291196],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036482664,0.00005117235,0.00008020714,0.000003089575,0.00031529093,0.00005341805,0.00020455956,0.000025222262,0.011778807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057664776,0.000030194211,0.000017330753,0.000035875913,0.0005865734,0.00007087919,0.00019037141,0.00007050948,0.000065696535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016086084,0.000120804325,0.9645072,0.00002179736,0.000011354861,4.8970486e-7,0.0050098035,0.00009224466,0.00014193695,0.016836982,0.010401879,0.0026946384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031230968,0.000017078324,0.98589444,0.0000069393814,0.0000020171678,9.14048e-7,0.0023702788,0.00014018231,0.00012525293,0.0020873018,0.009004087,0.00003918737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0064493865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.17499007,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16854069,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007713747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032330204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98912454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606220761","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1778","title":"Consequences of distributional asymmetry in a warming environment: invasion of novel forests by the mountain pine beetle","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Mountain pine beetle; Pinus contorta; Dendroctonus; Biology; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Herbivore; Bark beetle; Bark (sound)","score_opus":0.012635385450545027,"score_gpt":0.230279775397892,"score_spread":0.21764438994734697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606220761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98997724,0.000069638794,0.00032477404,0.0002476057,0.000049516104,0.00016790889,0.000050543676,0.000003021302,0.00910978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99917424,0.000023898267,0.00025909094,0.0000391407,0.0000063106336,0.000016275577,0.000015346357,0.0000038856333,0.00046178588],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932396,0.000021804291,0.00019644898,0.00015466697,0.00015652462,0.00014656149],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942946,0.00005431761,0.00020721929,0.0002833076,0.000002403019,0.000023310082],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029829575,0.00007563193,0.0001100946,0.0000061290198,0.000154916,0.000009022514,0.0003896974,0.00005222835,0.0019536274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000739207,0.000057160552,0.00003294821,0.000038362985,0.00079553033,0.00014157513,0.00030185995,0.00007856467,0.00006994287],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048067966,0.00042067218,0.9388301,0.00002642232,0.00002320088,0.0000056284216,0.00009997716,0.0040277354,0.04044596,0.004323036,0.0096297115,0.00211951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005710257,0.00007458036,0.9766164,0.00001992699,0.0000069603325,0.0000033399606,0.000066535256,0.0007026794,0.017955156,0.0021022009,0.0018012073,0.00008002841],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014765022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001571861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037786283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009531832,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008496741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2606279706","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1779","title":"Does leaf litter from invasive plants contribute the same support of a stream ecosystem function as native vegetation?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Riparian zone; Litter; Plant litter; Ecosystem; Detritivore; Biology; Ecology; Species richness; Native plant; Introduced species; Vegetation (pathology); Environmental science; Habitat","score_opus":0.008323662717808315,"score_gpt":0.19931437026861626,"score_spread":0.19099070755080794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2606279706","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97616386,0.000012798297,0.000017162141,0.0011190036,0.00059763,0.0002197178,0.00027441912,0.000015267437,0.02158016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995919,0.000016546008,0.000023946825,0.0007276683,0.000054924636,0.000010478324,0.000059242484,0.0000063807934,0.0031818484],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914896,0.00006849729,0.00016457967,0.00025166036,0.00016676942,0.00019950549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991943,0.00011149904,0.00025812964,0.00036423054,0.000017087077,0.000054704284],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013780817,0.000114866125,0.00017488332,0.0000060463094,0.00043589933,0.00006429186,0.00042603863,0.00008639742,0.019642748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006214841,0.00006731135,0.000059794642,0.00002124771,0.000181871,0.00040974308,0.00025250236,0.000102848484,0.0055820947],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000500012,0.0002457298,0.6197328,0.000056685923,0.0004965352,0.00012504337,0.008468114,0.00089324376,0.003917028,0.00028992374,0.36171827,0.0035566352],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014741545,0.00040725077,0.93159246,0.000043200518,0.0000824375,0.000005549904,0.002496359,0.00059149927,0.028112676,0.009596095,0.025321752,0.00027656596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004498527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.111216664,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33639652,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008452615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021023925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99519217},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2607595967","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1783","title":"Landscape‐level wolf space use is correlated with prey abundance, ease of mobility, and the distribution of prey habitat","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Ministry of Energy, Northern Development and Mines; Ontario Forest Research Institute; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Trent University; University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Predation; Foraging; Ecology; Predator; Abundance (ecology); Habitat; Taiga; Population; Population density; Forage; Density dependence; Biology; Geography; Demography","score_opus":0.01156303678637328,"score_gpt":0.20862438558525032,"score_spread":0.19706134879887705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2607595967","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99565494,0.000036171845,0.00022444893,0.00077495154,0.000044093584,0.0002734353,0.00006335051,0.000008059527,0.0029205454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978297,0.000021744072,0.00017674528,0.00006371691,0.0000056863214,0.000013980224,0.000012623861,0.000004624582,0.0018712283],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942404,0.000047243648,0.00014307724,0.00016802203,0.000110086636,0.00010750715],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991999,0.00011305711,0.00024327394,0.00038788433,0.000020963378,0.000034891953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021472685,0.00008144497,0.00013997228,0.0000023077796,0.00020789118,0.000024408291,0.00016970733,0.00006976604,0.00063983153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001517978,0.00005357643,0.000026446956,0.000046924593,0.00064510567,0.00032454633,0.00011407451,0.000084840736,0.00003501356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029569797,0.00006651644,0.9854052,0.000012148149,0.000018927627,8.0290005e-7,0.0002250898,0.00020453538,0.000016925575,0.00019575779,0.013338325,0.00022005082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011338542,0.000079794096,0.99484795,0.0000261906,0.0000306248,0.0000028764307,0.000057680765,0.0026923907,0.00024774895,0.0004798205,0.00033581513,0.00006527012],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00057230797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035966502,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013002509,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019281228,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015516856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7005707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2608149703","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1760","title":"Effects of grazing on CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes in three temperate steppe ecosystems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of British Columbia; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Grazing; Steppe; Temperate climate; Animal science; Ecosystem; Terrestrial ecosystem; Greenhouse gas; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Ecology; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.005417150277850638,"score_gpt":0.19669671238409872,"score_spread":0.19127956210624808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2608149703","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941208,0.00035057447,0.0002387455,0.000082284,0.00044068423,0.0010097044,0.000020563746,0.00007972804,0.003656936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998068,0.0010538658,0.0003401505,0.00013972538,0.000107136,0.00009598366,0.000014405739,0.00011929635,0.0000614443],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.996475,0.00014892835,0.0007132231,0.0010704203,0.00066500035,0.00092745904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997858,0.00017638161,0.000578554,0.0010262759,0.000009440493,0.00035135588],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048617646,0.0006925676,0.00079558836,0.000018727847,0.0006345591,0.0001774932,0.00073674123,0.00037545158,0.00008722118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008430007,0.0006714608,0.00018451946,0.0001812178,0.0006217133,0.0006878357,0.0006004104,0.00051987224,0.0009230458],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013369728,0.00035496982,0.14977829,0.00023598026,0.00007301336,0.000111409245,0.0002732488,0.008009686,0.79825425,0.00004597017,0.0011870121,0.04154249],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016625256,0.00040995903,0.49856526,0.00034676984,0.000051439158,0.000021975513,0.00014736496,0.0078121857,0.48968214,0.00036373688,0.00020648124,0.0007301839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038537977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005791282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34878698,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005364992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025645093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99985486},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2608616228","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1787","title":"A framework for modeling habitat quality in disturbance‐prone areas demonstrated with woodland caribou and wildfire","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Northern British Columbia; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Habitat; Disturbance (geology); Woodland caribou; Ecology; Woodland; Geography; Spatial ecology; Vegetation (pathology); Spatial heterogeneity; Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Biology","score_opus":0.023452983764948025,"score_gpt":0.26943707732614464,"score_spread":0.2459840935611966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2608616228","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894133,0.00006536509,0.0064061894,0.0012701461,0.00004764912,0.00028627217,0.000008719685,0.00001740449,0.002484909],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919405,0.000008517906,0.00763143,0.00016946161,0.000022426852,0.00006828058,0.000008962535,0.000008651151,0.0001417575],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999289,0.000026520518,0.00014206608,0.00027272088,0.000073722724,0.00019599858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951744,0.00007015303,0.00009905451,0.0002554209,0.000005070254,0.000052888005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020738716,0.000103147766,0.00014480719,0.0000036660542,0.0003736883,0.00005789873,0.00013690062,0.00011696574,0.0000914821],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012683719,0.00008792872,0.000016717666,0.000036634206,0.00015916862,0.0002792251,0.00005121052,0.00013353233,0.000016425622],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000101479905,0.000034475765,0.9959624,0.000008502763,0.0000079378615,0.00000291358,0.00014980663,0.0009799583,0.0000052961204,0.0003734447,0.00040878193,0.0019650373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005449357,0.000056669178,0.9643008,0.00004602449,0.0000084902085,0.0000022957618,0.00013245168,0.02170526,0.000005829432,0.012989595,0.00007295061,0.00013468521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013213068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03203302,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03166155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052463838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001688846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98562986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2608661361","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1798","title":"Coevolution leaves a weak signal on ecological networks","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Coevolution; Nestedness; Modularity (biology); Ecological network; Ecology; Phylogenetic tree; Biology; Evolutionary biology; Community structure; Bipartite graph; Topology (electrical circuits); Computer science; Theoretical computer science; Mathematics; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.04322954220287729,"score_gpt":0.21377017972380657,"score_spread":0.1705406375209293,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2608661361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8790505,0.0001663222,0.000001797282,0.0010966744,0.00007943193,0.00006573555,0.000012207522,0.000049221366,0.119478144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963518,0.00010876982,0.000014319167,0.00013148176,0.00058232405,0.0000069972243,0.000005990219,3.8143483e-7,0.0027979517],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940366,0.000020378437,0.00008323733,0.00018408509,0.00008529636,0.00022336833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974656,0.00008618287,0.00007354062,0.000025532408,0.000016344366,0.000051814124],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007977141,0.0000971151,0.00012177852,8.729559e-7,0.0009488114,0.000105814346,0.00023927825,0.00008256412,0.0023269425],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031663243,0.00003179101,0.000065907036,0.000022798982,0.00006472349,0.00007165688,0.00008700509,0.00010544052,0.00048153926],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030425302,0.00051435793,0.13821462,0.0000056910158,0.00006849552,0.000059110997,0.000029726667,0.0001686126,0.020059517,0.006110807,0.58442754,0.2500373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000071421506,0.000344181,0.95188075,0.0000123029595,0.0000037568861,0.0000021111493,0.000049818675,0.00042635354,0.00008118572,0.00035471824,0.046664562,0.00010884145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008315705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004462729,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8136661,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014020998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015859963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99858505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2610471383","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1788","title":"Predator‐mediated negative effects of overabundant snow geese on arctic‐nesting shorebirds","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada; ArcticNet; Parks Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski","keywords":"Predation; Tundra; Goose; Ecology; Nest (protein structural motif); Biology; Predator; Abundance (ecology); Anatidae; Arctic","score_opus":0.007985055949882622,"score_gpt":0.22500734764710062,"score_spread":0.21702229169721798,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2610471383","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97235113,0.000010727318,0.000035885005,0.00040173816,0.00028411852,0.00021381116,0.0000026576479,0.000030038256,0.026669893],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981944,0.0000066176044,0.00046526216,0.00029781318,0.000046984052,0.000018369505,0.0000033120882,0.0000121537005,0.0009551035],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919766,0.000061199135,0.00015428526,0.00023856846,0.00015025516,0.00019802562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884605,0.0004546956,0.00023310169,0.00039055527,0.0000119758,0.00006359061],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016890619,0.00011648569,0.00014724536,0.0000063416687,0.0003470069,0.000028073486,0.00028333848,0.00009161557,0.0017969415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018552813,0.000106311374,0.0000408118,0.00004755825,0.00020604908,0.00027075518,0.00014382131,0.0001501258,0.0009714531],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005955537,0.00013418312,0.98331696,0.000040984512,0.000027598939,0.000023136963,0.00044686437,0.00032695645,0.001003462,0.00017651683,0.010277101,0.004166697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045375514,0.00018167187,0.9929693,0.00011197724,0.000013163875,0.0000017220627,0.000028658007,0.0013854738,0.0034424579,0.0010236788,0.0002728069,0.00011538245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00049023377,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00079087255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025843253,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009132606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017418906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2610790029","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1802","title":"Modeling forest carbon cycle using long‐term carbon stock field measurement in the Delaware River Basin","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; McMaster University","keywords":"Environmental science; Biogeochemical cycle; Forest dynamics; Climate change; Atmospheric sciences; Carbon cycle; Biomass (ecology); Greenhouse gas; Carbon stock; Ecology; Hydrology (agriculture); Physical geography; Ecosystem; Geography; Geology","score_opus":0.02970848444236155,"score_gpt":0.24347282975895848,"score_spread":0.21376434531659694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2610790029","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9470398,0.000054303684,0.0007346015,0.00038090767,0.0002081513,0.0003428666,5.673977e-7,0.000015122854,0.051223665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99926114,0.000010192405,0.00021891503,0.00028316744,0.00004314648,0.000026880753,9.213561e-7,0.0000119935075,0.00014364444],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99888706,0.000055463737,0.0001659943,0.00027857415,0.00029578892,0.00031714217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926084,0.000014833642,0.00007510564,0.0006003276,0.000007178653,0.0000417234],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046115345,0.00013799254,0.00012476688,0.000009553501,0.0003358392,0.0000566073,0.00056283455,0.0000881995,0.00043159944],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047712034,0.0001102886,0.000046413505,0.000040506413,0.000086205975,0.00014822249,0.00030026137,0.00017746018,0.00004715417],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033502114,0.000121744175,0.71866935,0.000018560153,0.000022837205,0.00009278772,0.0007377764,0.2763528,0.000035190747,0.00017295442,0.0006787005,0.003063803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035646997,0.000052988686,0.58655864,0.00003507461,0.000024384723,0.0000031518748,0.00008350316,0.41088942,0.000036770416,0.0017066741,0.00009382617,0.00015911701],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015934901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12380764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13453662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025036043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012119605,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99061805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2616146547","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1816","title":"Climate and extreme weather independently affect population growth, but neither is a consistently good predictor","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Climate change; Overwintering; Population; Extreme weather; Environmental science; Climatology; Abundance (ecology); Precipitation; Population model; Population growth; Climate model; Ecology; Geography; Biology; Meteorology; Demography","score_opus":0.026215020809597967,"score_gpt":0.2411033570006025,"score_spread":0.21488833619100453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2616146547","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7558103,0.00007039945,0.000006648693,0.00040725613,0.0001321659,0.00017714786,0.00014633867,0.00004534618,0.24320439],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944505,0.000120788594,0.000043104083,0.00029881258,0.000045184974,0.000019285984,0.00002819859,0.000020717145,0.0049733925],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892133,0.000028411028,0.00015515438,0.00034020026,0.0002486508,0.00030627294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992932,0.000015315893,0.00016012721,0.0003942215,0.000009494753,0.00012765416],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001379851,0.00016535373,0.00015394377,0.000006353864,0.00045287935,0.00020569365,0.0002230562,0.00010775767,0.13460784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035473444,0.00014834692,0.00006608791,0.000033635468,0.00013558862,0.00035335973,0.00026369985,0.00009237257,0.0029431502],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003152254,0.00007741936,0.9601946,0.000019636496,0.000020103256,0.000010975995,0.00016071078,3.7561128e-7,0.0010698878,0.00082167966,0.034578677,0.0030144244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006430421,0.000047881276,0.9917875,0.000017739698,0.000023083841,0.0000124837825,0.0003338933,0.00009966746,0.00040987754,0.00025485497,0.0061850245,0.00018496586],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007571433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001665928,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2386402,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017218284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002969165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978332},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2623858990","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1818","title":"Effects of spawning Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) on total lipid content and fatty acid composition of river food webs","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Salmo; Biology; Fishery; Trophic level; Food web; Salmonidae; Invertebrate; Fatty acid; Nutrient; Docosahexaenoic acid; Ecology; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.010058261490388362,"score_gpt":0.19977701429051192,"score_spread":0.18971875280012357,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2623858990","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983804,0.000040089806,0.00008683448,0.00020900095,0.00015860301,0.00025804428,0.0000030202668,0.000013046324,0.015427349],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99920094,0.000055628967,0.00047363236,0.00007921299,0.000018901737,0.000010761534,0.000002138602,0.000006860054,0.00015191565],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993825,0.000029286637,0.00013527018,0.000193849,0.0001117379,0.0001473352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952877,0.000057916746,0.00018709374,0.00018955229,0.0000059204035,0.000030749834],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000086604385,0.00010679252,0.00020388866,0.000007832955,0.00022659735,0.000010575178,0.00012891693,0.000050589482,0.00022110542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027985887,0.00009576459,0.0000406935,0.000019575127,0.0002976033,0.00013891964,0.00029167236,0.00006817379,0.00008442011],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015130549,0.00026655014,0.9730113,0.0002158943,0.00013511069,0.000014306468,0.0003629574,0.00007214834,0.013463619,0.00042705095,0.010587998,0.0012917534],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068939634,0.00062998076,0.9751539,0.00007456953,0.000045214194,0.0000016970279,0.00003448853,0.00006158968,0.02300128,0.000127495,0.00008731093,0.00009303088],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000088484456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000365954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.015396937,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025935129,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013961607,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39051667},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2624953994","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1846","title":"High salmon density and low discharge create periodic hypoxia in coastal rivers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Australian Government; Nature Conservancy; Alaska Department of Fish and Game; National Park Service; Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game","keywords":"Hypoxia (environmental); Environmental science; Discharge; Oncorhynchus; Streamflow; Snow; Precipitation; STREAMS; Hydrology (agriculture); Fishery; Ecology; Oceanography; Oxygen; Biology; Geography; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Drainage basin; Geology","score_opus":0.005735057379533657,"score_gpt":0.1944908903697752,"score_spread":0.18875583299024154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2624953994","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9391677,0.000009106315,0.000006446861,0.00073850015,0.00012041678,0.00011322713,0.0000042011307,0.000015521931,0.059824925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950439,0.00009214537,0.00019120323,0.00016730074,0.000013136695,0.0000080809305,0.0000021620178,0.0000050709905,0.0044770245],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941564,0.000016739143,0.0000751104,0.00023096768,0.00006606297,0.00019549047],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996859,0.000012676801,0.000055996876,0.00020380142,0.0000015759982,0.00004008076],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009492141,0.00009268113,0.00012337997,0.0000049890796,0.0005195306,0.000039867653,0.00015206332,0.0000423145,0.0030482346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031352938,0.00008602116,0.000017514298,0.000018606033,0.00031479346,0.00025052752,0.0005407926,0.00007810004,0.00079898164],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020475556,0.00003863618,0.9600067,0.000007298404,0.00001046439,0.000039551367,0.00016927056,0.000017197015,0.000058240672,0.00010804871,0.038448136,0.0010759952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003998256,0.000036238165,0.9970328,0.0000069327975,0.000007988586,0.0000011911386,0.00010985939,0.00009169993,0.000062140534,0.00059794035,0.0015511223,0.000102211845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012079397,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.052932005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05587622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003400229,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019833392,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999979},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2681315337","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1841","title":"Hunting exacerbates the response to human disturbance in large herbivores while migrating through a road network","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Mount Royal University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Safari Club International Foundation; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Predation; Herbivore; Ecology; Habitat; Threatened species; Geography; Vigilance (psychology); National park; Foraging; Carnivore; Biology","score_opus":0.01468293671809608,"score_gpt":0.2545560516411307,"score_spread":0.23987311492303462,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2681315337","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96913445,0.00010739569,0.000037100766,0.0046029207,0.00014083835,0.00023453556,0.000001647168,0.000027919634,0.025713205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934498,0.0000029627251,0.0009158972,0.0014528893,0.00010403589,0.00006553257,0.0000017527822,0.0000119130345,0.0039951983],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988832,0.00015095042,0.00019458534,0.00028198826,0.00011290717,0.00037637728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991788,0.00012788511,0.00014977895,0.0005050515,0.000004969543,0.00003346705],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085961854,0.00011710717,0.00012289248,0.0000029037794,0.0014885664,0.000114405215,0.00049977173,0.00007041115,0.0016612143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028250454,0.0000926119,0.000035520534,0.00010352709,0.00009952085,0.000373309,0.00032240522,0.00017707048,0.00068550545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053274278,0.000027686141,0.9567698,0.0000022881495,0.000003991085,0.000006692178,0.0013110928,0.001643012,0.00019069658,0.00016576317,0.039174408,0.000651255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020874916,0.00003588807,0.9796088,0.000045649427,0.0000030679162,0.0000010084166,0.0003016728,0.0006440526,0.000050656898,0.0008686263,0.018108547,0.00012331168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024185714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07544081,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07302224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007598433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009351582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981135},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2689247313","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1843","title":"Intrapopulation diversity in isotopic niche over landscapes: Spatial patterns inform conservation of bear–salmon systems","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; Tula Foundation; University of Alberta; Vancouver Coastal Health; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Tula Foundation; Wilburforce Foundation","keywords":"Grizzly Bears; Ursus; Oncorhynchus; Niche; Ecology; Geography; Habitat; Range (aeronautics); Population; Biology; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Demography","score_opus":0.014663630075600002,"score_gpt":0.23643768370548857,"score_spread":0.22177405362988856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2689247313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98696464,0.0000074060335,0.00026413487,0.000064275366,0.00018914502,0.00018386016,0.000005654351,0.000008618942,0.0123122595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999375,0.000010755326,0.000056153993,0.00004700468,0.000031317715,0.0000069073253,0.00001428991,0.000004456304,0.00045412444],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925995,0.000033587967,0.00023421235,0.00015604774,0.00017468142,0.00014154009],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993332,0.0000219619,0.0002732747,0.0003363001,0.0000091951415,0.000026050671],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019790369,0.000078148965,0.00016360635,0.000015598382,0.00017229652,0.00002811225,0.00029096063,0.00009431013,0.0028353948],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005700036,0.00007680506,0.00004593853,0.000041439616,0.000045923505,0.00035178757,0.00038527919,0.00008454756,0.00015778175],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010106615,0.000029468905,0.99598265,0.000012763324,0.000010980731,0.0000027953602,0.00028435333,0.0015039239,0.000051092735,0.0000443694,0.00071829977,0.001349192],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036255078,0.000033002572,0.9796,0.000014020727,0.000013691888,6.253149e-7,0.00007683499,0.019005181,0.00011041415,0.000082091334,0.0006221417,0.00007945205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05142648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.10933561,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057909124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016584892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006649319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99807614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735393125","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1886","title":"Impacts of late‐Holocene climate variability and watershed‐lake interactions on diatom communities in Lac Brûlé, Québec","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Diatom; Holocene; Subfossil; Paleolimnology; Ecology; Watershed; Varve; Ecological succession; Climate change; Environmental science; Sediment; Physical geography; Geology; Oceanography; Geography; Biology; Paleontology","score_opus":0.022095008118674188,"score_gpt":0.2679384977436569,"score_spread":0.24584348962498273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2735393125","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96489394,0.00011485551,4.135699e-7,0.0012625414,0.0001123787,0.00009407141,0.000079767415,0.000012572159,0.03342948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993878,0.00024413067,0.000057064728,0.000074043535,0.000013070051,0.0000014917312,0.00006139789,0.0000022063014,0.00015879962],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903405,0.00025377658,0.00019025426,0.00014018368,0.000069934445,0.000311782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987811,0.00058668165,0.00009473487,0.00043111978,0.00002713543,0.00007924392],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067731313,0.0001015108,0.00021837036,0.000032363314,0.000385841,0.000041925025,0.00027344612,0.00009631792,0.0052853613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014935007,0.000081186925,0.000030559248,0.00003262031,0.00041463753,0.00021531076,0.00005086707,0.00033630448,0.00025506844],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012159629,0.000037540747,0.99748665,0.00004566956,0.000014117533,0.000013079708,0.0006181497,0.00015168435,0.0000010636702,0.000043144715,0.0002160083,0.001251302],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003383964,0.00010495988,0.9970401,0.000034640347,0.000005407547,0.000013590973,0.00030865966,0.0011169018,0.00003796068,0.00039055987,0.00052896334,0.0000798598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.048904426,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.84323823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7943338,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000019131735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051484927,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99562395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2735993340","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1862","title":"Size and variation in individual growth rates among food web modules","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; McGill University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Food web; Trophic level; Zooplankton; Biology; Food chain; Ecology; Predator; Intraguild predation; Competition (biology); Omnivore; Apex predator; Predation","score_opus":0.008758940575409489,"score_gpt":0.21968992681895283,"score_spread":0.21093098624354334,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2735993340","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9651424,0.00001862307,0.000015463664,0.0002691442,0.00005886846,0.00009028109,0.000004561608,0.000010712615,0.03438989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980565,0.000024654772,0.0011543256,0.000069302565,0.000025205101,0.0000147159135,0.0000011299287,0.0000073277333,0.00064686284],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993357,0.000042773278,0.00012540356,0.0002246428,0.00010311051,0.0001683912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955004,0.00006593545,0.0001068629,0.00023759581,0.0000035927537,0.00003594126],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023940552,0.000079684585,0.00011643177,0.000007798117,0.00018513457,0.00008772909,0.00027228278,0.00007232831,0.0036728915],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002513917,0.000076438606,0.00001974309,0.000045893725,0.00014532128,0.00039325532,0.00027467584,0.00008531596,0.0002900304],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002794504,0.00003171897,0.99598557,0.000002265378,0.000015415877,0.0000043142613,0.00026209984,0.00013910948,0.00040242757,0.00021516262,0.0019075389,0.0010315971],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029044153,0.00003446633,0.9929122,0.0000032677012,0.0000115777075,9.570361e-7,0.000039595252,0.0018982722,0.00021219239,0.0042737457,0.00023119681,0.00009213181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041307852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03482287,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03440979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047908467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046340892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99723786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2736092993","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1881","title":"Seasonal increases in fish trophic niche plasticity within a flood‐pulse river ecosystem (Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia)","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of Guelph","funders":"Belmont Forum; University of Washington; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Trophic level; Ecological niche; Food web; Ecosystem; Niche; Habitat; Lake ecosystem; Range (aeronautics); Floodplain; Threatened species; Wetland; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.009463185137227907,"score_gpt":0.22130319225037914,"score_spread":0.21184000711315124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2736092993","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96037453,0.000014768694,0.000017767576,0.00021508735,0.00016592546,0.00023819404,0.00008676499,0.000039753744,0.03884718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962174,0.000012023031,0.000810457,0.00033808523,0.00011779102,0.0000536889,0.00001448109,0.000026951364,0.002409109],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980011,0.00018614608,0.0003823977,0.0005857941,0.00033603623,0.00050852017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99867135,0.00013977174,0.00029905076,0.0006971506,0.000014104235,0.00017858218],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000377411,0.00025027702,0.00041152406,0.000022081795,0.00041702465,0.00010622667,0.0008771053,0.00018458109,0.023471167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004947851,0.00024166169,0.0001217454,0.00013650717,0.00027522506,0.00043770758,0.0004555658,0.0003191415,0.0042110253],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057112426,0.00028890386,0.96788085,0.000018639359,0.000050588027,0.00022511235,0.0001932814,0.0052714096,0.00022335887,0.00005508656,0.024944749,0.00079093256],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008647204,0.00008005791,0.97837186,0.000032995456,0.000050467253,0.000024138955,0.000075345844,0.016200291,0.000316389,0.00025190323,0.0034162446,0.00031557056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0024096605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.41307163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41066197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030018907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047345275,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965643},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2738559501","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1896","title":"Detect and exploit hidden structure in fatty acid signature data","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; Dalhousie University","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","keywords":"Signature (topology); Exploit; Cluster analysis; Multivariate statistics; Predation; Biology; Ordination; Computer science; Ecology; Pattern recognition (psychology); Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Machine learning","score_opus":0.015357909948284147,"score_gpt":0.24804351186480494,"score_spread":0.2326856019165208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2738559501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9707427,0.00022390671,0.00005651549,0.000351969,0.00009697848,0.0001248509,0.000027587404,0.000015594298,0.028359905],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936165,0.00005167261,0.0055250432,0.0001766213,0.000040326206,0.0000043361206,0.000015090076,0.0000120235945,0.00055833865],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901444,0.00003866711,0.00013067323,0.00045174867,0.0001257905,0.00023870783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984577,0.000022773353,0.0001000434,0.0013608006,0.0000025735487,0.00005612915],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015245235,0.00012000819,0.00016839358,0.000008277094,0.00021145437,0.00008030159,0.0011805308,0.00014176386,0.013175055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014138468,0.00010587614,0.000017792492,0.00005106076,0.000159249,0.0005372647,0.0014315753,0.0002430542,0.00043986586],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029531566,0.000036100282,0.6393023,0.000014579455,0.00004980238,0.00016860559,0.00035625912,0.00018199273,0.019766381,0.000054676184,0.06739999,0.27263978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039295494,0.00003093238,0.97486186,0.00000784775,0.00002035425,0.00001195452,0.00008755803,0.0014273009,0.0034871476,0.0034042376,0.01604045,0.00022741171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031061846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03344125,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33555955,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006221016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006655022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98772705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2738841895","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1842","title":"Can subsets of species indicate overall patterns in biodiversity?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Marine Fisheries Service; National Research Council Canada; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Species richness; Biodiversity; Ecology; Global biodiversity; Diversity index; Statistics; Sampling (signal processing); Biology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Species diversity; Geography; Mathematics; Computer science","score_opus":0.027762968432325855,"score_gpt":0.2272382488390201,"score_spread":0.19947528040669427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2738841895","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83208215,0.0000079180945,8.5335523e-7,0.0009927973,0.000067810375,0.00004947131,0.00023057705,0.000007382773,0.16656105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99841505,0.00007546788,0.0000067641267,0.00012347705,0.0000069141925,0.0000016351634,0.000028278255,0.0000023080825,0.0013400856],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946636,0.000009686488,0.00009343409,0.00013755453,0.00013262047,0.00016033486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995662,0.0000056010967,0.00010821391,0.00026771336,0.0000030250167,0.000049223516],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056881963,0.000066717395,0.00009554538,0.0000065276226,0.00011214323,0.000031246003,0.00032698672,0.00003962914,0.22104973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016098047,0.00006516323,0.000035129193,0.000029008657,0.00012886016,0.000118762,0.00023380174,0.00005521666,0.0024586858],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000056745894,0.000045586818,0.9224209,0.0000054047,0.0000028964319,0.000011479564,0.0002063419,0.0000026553034,0.000448175,0.00014089042,0.07637197,0.0003380286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002823067,0.000013009343,0.9819224,0.000006324434,0.0000023317048,6.0372577e-7,0.00046759995,0.0000040689206,0.0016292363,0.00005907688,0.015537733,0.00007532486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004604783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032100346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21859103,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019395878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034283432,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2739655593","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1887","title":"Open access increases citations of papers in ecology","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"China Scholarship Council; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Citation; Confounding; Latin Americans; Citation impact; Library science; Ecology; Geography; Political science; Medicine; Biology; Computer science; Law; Pathology","score_opus":0.7533937263709878,"score_gpt":0.6796219715834086,"score_spread":0.07377175478757914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2739655593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6391806,0.000065948356,0.000011622759,0.00080755726,0.00019960853,0.00015277552,0.000019554569,0.000002509882,0.3595598],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937948,0.00009220423,0.0006353667,0.00007903121,0.00002208867,0.000016819373,0.0000014865707,0.000004469385,0.0053537264],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9970307,0.0001310382,0.00044252054,0.00039395454,0.0017177708,0.0002840585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.994874,0.0028050446,0.00037642583,0.0010527187,0.0007308574,0.00016092807],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics","scholarly_communication","open_science","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0075763552,0.000068186826,0.00025792274,0.0061470666,0.0003042006,0.0058196723,0.0117626,0.00006868123,0.011784892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06174083,0.000050024835,0.000057653568,0.026509415,0.00017424466,0.0016449131,0.0048095128,0.00011227791,0.00037240668],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013004445,0.00014270225,0.8591108,0.0000020689795,0.0000054588245,0.000010884654,0.000023742878,0.00004213331,0.000059834554,0.0016272281,0.06524387,0.073718324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003988479,0.00004917165,0.9680068,0.0000053588215,0.0000012007677,8.341188e-7,0.00016958326,0.0005038951,0.0001276255,0.0142846,0.016389135,0.000062956366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00324326,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009333338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3546142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004462881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00027163516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9952124},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2741890902","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1884","title":"Quantifying marine mammal hotspots in British Columbia, Canada","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; International Fund for Animal Welfare","keywords":"Geography; Marine mammal; Hotspot (geology); Marine protected area; Marine conservation; Biodiversity hotspot; Ecology; Biodiversity; Spatial ecology; Wildlife; Environmental resource management; Habitat; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.018026049061733305,"score_gpt":0.22326470304851584,"score_spread":0.20523865398678254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2741890902","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7415612,0.000059344093,3.1227717e-7,0.00013481185,0.00012730478,0.00010355514,0.000005505741,0.000010545119,0.25799745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865949,0.00011854069,0.00030951897,0.00025221138,0.000036741974,0.000013471024,0.0000019037707,0.0000139094955,0.012658804],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894714,0.000017042186,0.00017299422,0.00029768463,0.00022492658,0.00034021682],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994369,0.000016997732,0.00009596183,0.0003646368,0.0000044519043,0.000081044884],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012771288,0.000080924,0.00017633097,0.0000013913058,0.0004195027,0.0002688275,0.00046622969,0.00003521649,0.05553742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008747115,0.00013596898,0.000030009383,0.000053828488,0.000070409034,0.00018750396,0.0012031121,0.00012817861,0.00039457539],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018415744,0.000015626794,0.81604034,0.0000101408905,0.0000037765262,0.00020738211,0.000005534985,0.0000063459324,0.0000031958753,0.000001769384,0.09916656,0.08453752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022167781,0.000016069798,0.906129,0.000019407747,0.0000027928531,0.000010666709,0.000034999866,0.000081860046,0.000001960719,0.000044139164,0.093285054,0.00015237402],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.99946946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24533865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032963185,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035420144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.945326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2743715224","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1913","title":"Human disturbance alters the predation rate of moose in the Athabasca oil sands","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Environment and Parks","keywords":"Predation; Disturbance (geology); Ecology; Habitat; Taiga; Wetland; Boreal; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.012631752446713256,"score_gpt":0.2400156124092138,"score_spread":0.22738385996250055,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2743715224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94055873,0.000017663302,0.00000876123,0.0029871885,0.00006998029,0.000066328495,0.0000019991305,0.000004336054,0.05628504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99657595,0.000009170344,0.00002495076,0.0004813238,0.00002496787,0.00002496891,0.0000034587363,0.0000029970647,0.0028522357],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99953467,0.00008146533,0.00011034579,0.0001114094,0.00006777479,0.00009431622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994086,0.000043522505,0.00013726925,0.00039815193,0.000002931226,0.000009503442],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041306342,0.00005234201,0.000055717635,0.0000019392598,0.00037460093,0.000028071065,0.00045013078,0.000033146138,0.001011334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050608047,0.000031369982,0.00002344194,0.000035881356,0.00018133274,0.00021037016,0.00007020196,0.0000829493,0.00014001477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010177975,0.00004351735,0.9553626,0.0000042018933,0.0000043149034,0.0000015584221,0.0008522935,0.00024404349,0.00018604481,0.0005129284,0.03766468,0.0051136236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016562635,0.000019732799,0.995464,0.0000073951983,0.000004259454,5.527401e-7,0.00010415857,0.0003705947,0.0001205284,0.0010341549,0.0026691863,0.000039806793],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082635676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0064603547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056017224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024657293,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004610465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999019},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2744205463","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1911","title":"The freshwater landscape: lake, wetland, and stream abundance and connectivity at macroscales","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Cégep Marie-Victorin","funders":"Division of Emerging Frontiers; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Directorate for Biological Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Wetland; Ecology; STREAMS; Environmental science; Spatial ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.0064595702660968455,"score_gpt":0.21104392138728711,"score_spread":0.20458435112119028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2744205463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9457328,0.00021929266,0.000004674552,0.0024387809,0.000083603605,0.0000894901,0.000012859776,0.000015183794,0.051403366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872162,0.0005289249,0.000054489235,0.00010805653,0.000022295777,0.00001155897,0.0000016429809,0.000004944387,0.012051896],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946076,0.000021635436,0.000059220158,0.00020829514,0.000059928945,0.00019016843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996169,0.000052309664,0.000047330017,0.00024358793,0.0000015579408,0.000038269303],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014561004,0.000089696274,0.00008755565,0.0000016369654,0.0017967526,0.00009388027,0.00014317967,0.00003548308,0.0008761221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020998683,0.00005458694,0.000013572799,0.000007986418,0.00055422407,0.00013858375,0.0006541488,0.000057999427,0.0002597641],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026279322,0.000009600051,0.9258306,0.0000049994683,0.000020301948,0.0000074033405,0.00014576121,0.00000940995,0.00006989961,0.00006863423,0.070337445,0.0034696513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028670634,0.000025038442,0.782654,0.0000034555446,0.000009241956,0.0000036290671,0.00003887249,0.0001837186,0.00018624887,0.0011155489,0.21541117,0.00008237752],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013846632,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.15315282,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15301435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000092325345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":5.5096353e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995028},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2746759641","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1921","title":"A fine‐scale U.S. population estimate of a montane spruce–fir bird species of conservation concern","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Park Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Vermont Agency of Agriculture Food and Markets; Plum Creek; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","keywords":"Thrush; Geography; Population; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Population decline; Physical geography; Habitat; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.034991762480514256,"score_gpt":0.2704554608356243,"score_spread":0.23546369835511002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2746759641","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92481244,0.00002862507,0.000032686374,0.00042951404,0.000101182435,0.00011523499,0.00007850513,0.000028002023,0.07437379],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99822825,0.000017468086,0.00024231746,0.000025945828,0.000014847827,0.000005648048,0.000033575787,0.0000097459515,0.0014222284],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992878,0.00001228607,0.00022982148,0.00014572233,0.0001944952,0.00012991817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992588,0.00001624719,0.00033031777,0.000332248,0.000020238072,0.000042127715],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008883228,0.00008693428,0.00016730992,0.0000054438015,0.00012684905,0.00002495854,0.00020442641,0.000052031774,0.06926264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006455907,0.000082374565,0.000055702178,0.00005485265,0.00020198947,0.0002098591,0.00010789416,0.00003949154,0.0006442886],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004093294,0.000085460815,0.94595414,0.00003408927,0.000008994328,0.0000025699758,0.00016589911,0.000092606206,0.019121518,0.00073417573,0.032024194,0.0017354401],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031883988,0.00004403475,0.98534054,0.000021319584,0.0000103021275,0.0000016505869,0.00022479518,0.0005830791,0.010066086,0.00022181359,0.003082138,0.00008541356],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005571671,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022093352,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.073415756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012657049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000049406794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957509},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752059719","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1891","title":"Jointly modeling niche width and phylogenetic distance to explain species co‐occurrence","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université de Montréal","funders":"W. Garfield Weston Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Niche; Phylogenetic tree; Biology; Coexistence theory; Ecology; Competition (biology); Ecological niche; Niche differentiation; Competitive exclusion; Co-occurrence; Clade; Phylogenetic comparative methods; Phylogenetics; Cyperaceae; Interspecific competition; Evolutionary biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.021112808610651696,"score_gpt":0.2570394174325514,"score_spread":0.23592660882189967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752059719","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9314128,0.0001253172,0.008798982,0.00060036563,0.00012719302,0.00012937341,0.00003115478,0.000017800347,0.058756977],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953015,0.0001295033,0.0021260248,0.00018043636,0.000020281004,0.000019663654,0.0000033275549,0.000005008033,0.0022142609],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993122,0.000017110377,0.0001169585,0.00026912458,0.000088837834,0.00019576329],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999558,0.000029107376,0.00006300842,0.0002723627,0.0000064929627,0.00007102696],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001170974,0.00010286764,0.000117369,0.0000043721216,0.0006845812,0.000058255075,0.00022657077,0.000036618512,0.0008277012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008850259,0.00009698872,0.000019669224,0.000025647598,0.00018984849,0.00012751175,0.00021397274,0.00007696875,0.0005301961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036355777,0.00008218859,0.8864129,0.000030431458,0.00003350286,0.000017949144,0.002254036,0.06891024,0.0008904712,0.0018837802,0.028617695,0.01083045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035398285,0.00009615671,0.87767035,0.00002994853,0.000013884079,0.0000042973043,0.00033841384,0.10684289,0.00015063371,0.00638801,0.0077377786,0.00037366847],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002546517,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027501578,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.063888654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039836734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004344352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.90627474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2752663713","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1928","title":"Resiliency in masting systems: Do evolved seed escape strategies benefit an endangered pine?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"The King's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Mast (botany); Biology; Seed predation; Ecology; Ecoregion; Predator; Ecosystem; Abundance (ecology); Predation; Population; Seed dispersal; Biological dispersal","score_opus":0.018540021876198954,"score_gpt":0.2692247771713871,"score_spread":0.25068475529518813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2752663713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90188885,0.0002289295,0.000009763809,0.000062983665,0.00018906916,0.0001789387,0.000006030818,0.000044334112,0.097391084],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973752,0.00002342345,0.00038806166,0.000012815577,0.000043475455,0.000030065417,0.0000026788553,0.000013616515,0.002110686],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988342,0.000036871716,0.00023016681,0.00038972351,0.00014486146,0.0003641954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993051,0.000026200745,0.00016230081,0.00042599448,0.00000941071,0.00007099397],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002261616,0.0001689061,0.00022282968,0.000010184238,0.000649579,0.00016472323,0.00046316578,0.000116742,0.0030302135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004619022,0.00015384184,0.00003690456,0.000055274766,0.00021386666,0.00074696436,0.00027487768,0.00016754687,0.00073987385],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034138375,0.00012185313,0.9917088,0.000016578753,0.000007996389,0.000072089875,0.0007196906,0.0011049357,0.0020016923,0.00061642483,0.00087880477,0.002716986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030338776,0.00013555647,0.9940181,0.000032831307,0.000010772481,0.0000052804226,0.00392799,0.0008272081,0.000048595637,0.00026250168,0.00023595637,0.00019185011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022352554,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025632497,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09548631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012244385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018082328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754010351","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1953","title":"Utilizing gradient simulations for quantifying community‐level resistance and resilience","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Ordination; Resistance (ecology); Disturbance (geology); Resilience (materials science); Ecosystem; Ecology; Gradient analysis; Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.0682682890152857,"score_gpt":0.30780587460013636,"score_spread":0.23953758558485067,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2754010351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95257586,0.000118620985,0.0024877617,0.00026326402,0.00014589349,0.00030585992,0.00004957999,0.000024210565,0.044028934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902098,0.000028238836,0.0065041836,0.000038169634,0.000016040347,0.00001564573,0.000003504508,0.0000130027,0.0031713923],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911743,0.000045865985,0.00018528565,0.00025283426,0.00013405069,0.00026453313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99884653,0.00018402534,0.00016694775,0.0006992445,0.0000129199625,0.00009033955],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037586121,0.000115576666,0.00013307527,0.000007544902,0.0028643028,0.00017234684,0.0005195275,0.000052462186,0.00015403717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022971493,0.00010712636,0.000037775328,0.000043649816,0.0002369318,0.00031689403,0.00030204517,0.00013948543,0.00004904408],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020872705,0.0005773975,0.8193455,0.0008692506,0.00007798598,0.00002948788,0.0073773554,0.037676413,0.024269287,0.04332474,0.025889808,0.04035405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066506676,0.00007131004,0.8469671,0.00021916436,0.000018147042,0.000005829155,0.0011724829,0.12922859,0.00044042998,0.0063934284,0.014385008,0.00043343802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064736453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.045282364,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.091552176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006920636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008148286,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984338},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754646196","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1939","title":"Understanding and predicting habitat for wildlife conservation: the case of Canada lynx at the range periphery","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":80,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Snowshoe hare; Habitat; Carnivore; Ecology; Wildlife; Range (aeronautics); Threatened species; Geography; Selection (genetic algorithm); Biology; Predation","score_opus":0.038811690642201156,"score_gpt":0.22763415039567206,"score_spread":0.1888224597534709,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2754646196","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96522146,0.00006604684,0.0001423978,0.025394386,0.00018811556,0.00027999087,0.000016098928,0.0000059161694,0.008685565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99571735,0.000007555722,0.00008231799,0.002433234,0.00004093004,0.000021225329,0.0000013936636,0.0000062270387,0.0016897583],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949044,0.000035947556,0.0001269976,0.0001326646,0.0000732111,0.00014071052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916625,0.00035399178,0.00016946913,0.00027079685,0.000008303267,0.00003120085],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035997396,0.00006903273,0.00007729324,0.0000013431401,0.0020628506,0.00003400212,0.00015741304,0.00003972866,0.00060053635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002185045,0.00004425571,0.0000216469,0.000023001647,0.00033958352,0.0001496033,0.00012598933,0.000060304097,0.0000036813358],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024620922,0.000003826183,0.7231607,0.000008189926,0.000013641561,0.000012863123,0.00024628098,0.00013736625,0.000007770867,0.00029072445,0.27578542,0.00030861303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004550871,0.00002857904,0.97556716,0.000014137414,0.000027569835,0.00011149738,0.0024034309,0.0068025673,0.000020473011,0.001115142,0.013366019,0.00008833578],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09314387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.931886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83874214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019473357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000054593445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99923635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2754842311","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1936","title":"Evaluating functional recovery of habitat for threatened woodland caribou","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Vegetation (pathology); Threatened species; Woodland; Predation; Ecology; Habitat; Population; Predator; Restoration ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.05046302040683667,"score_gpt":0.29261973231866134,"score_spread":0.24215671191182467,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2754842311","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9797329,0.000021253085,0.00043149112,0.0006317976,0.0003065336,0.0001625915,0.00001270251,0.000009301425,0.018691486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99291563,0.000003840962,0.0037151747,0.00019182671,0.000059757935,0.000042649343,0.000013842201,0.0000062541617,0.0030510025],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995094,0.000016405209,0.00011955063,0.00015075778,0.00009124023,0.00011263723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999502,0.000089138994,0.00015027393,0.00022064609,0.00001418733,0.000023770473],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026745934,0.000057531004,0.00008733062,0.0000029811415,0.00035611054,0.000018229324,0.0001280566,0.000059663886,0.0031178205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020976881,0.00005375829,0.000047550857,0.000015441467,0.00008290756,0.00022341733,0.000060614202,0.000038416314,0.00018468653],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016153687,0.000034980803,0.9058259,0.0000088927045,0.000023769222,4.701834e-7,0.000036755166,0.0018695836,0.00080932264,0.000084263236,0.05999676,0.031147752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004835084,0.00011381387,0.99068576,0.0000081824,0.000015611677,0.0000010654825,0.000017702774,0.001657653,0.00025119146,0.005952973,0.00074826425,0.00006427529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016940276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020121706,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08485985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040223702,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018073808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99779344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2761693335","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1970","title":"Fast, slow, and adaptive management of habitat modification–invasion interactions: woodland caribou (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>)","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Predation; Habitat; Ecology; Woodland; Disturbance (geology); Restoration ecology; Ecosystem; Adaptive management; Trophic level; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.020319714664698528,"score_gpt":0.24177502769439266,"score_spread":0.22145531302969412,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2761693335","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9348591,0.0000630945,0.0008223816,0.0007794673,0.00015238211,0.00020351859,0.000009626949,0.000013801922,0.06309662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941385,0.00007100246,0.0020875416,0.00010011284,0.000019302655,0.000035686786,0.000008011571,0.000006503105,0.003533384],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940413,0.00002538197,0.00014517432,0.00021403277,0.00009706838,0.0001141829],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994557,0.00003091608,0.00014549863,0.0003156898,0.000010463264,0.000041750965],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011378681,0.00008696062,0.00010253144,0.0000075671896,0.00032915612,0.000028875325,0.00016464524,0.00004964271,0.0009867012],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001316736,0.0000813758,0.000029820174,0.00003291439,0.00015701924,0.00038046148,0.00013648637,0.00007845361,0.00024259309],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001590158,0.0001679423,0.89923817,0.00003202844,0.00010735507,0.000011758318,0.00048481923,0.0007766968,0.00027732123,0.0010406829,0.047192268,0.050511945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004370975,0.000042732554,0.9947916,0.000034391225,0.000029006942,0.0000030741614,0.00026437655,0.0015904636,0.00013612185,0.0010353285,0.0015448483,0.00009090239],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030870648,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014872025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09555349,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042585812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000042583674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2762550485","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1957","title":"Disturbance and diversity in a continental archipelago: a mechanistic framework linking area, height, and exposure","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre; Quest University Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Species richness; Archipelago; Disturbance (geology); Ecology; Intertidal zone; Insular biogeography; Geography; Oceanography; Environmental science; Geology; Biology; Paleontology","score_opus":0.015730874541309288,"score_gpt":0.19848455041296323,"score_spread":0.18275367587165395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2762550485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9703154,0.0006706478,0.000094231415,0.00012710488,0.00012235469,0.000076232,0.000060398306,0.000010562369,0.028523047],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986026,0.00015505317,0.00045295735,0.00008479205,0.00004957596,4.0160862e-7,0.000029496192,0.000001236867,0.00062383706],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945456,0.000021371976,0.000081541686,0.00021104052,0.000058340007,0.00017312726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963784,0.00009298167,0.000059598162,0.00013584681,0.00000541453,0.00006829376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009126729,0.000090958056,0.00013971269,0.000009066514,0.00040075014,0.00008614451,0.00015474814,0.00007190435,0.0005343436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045840316,0.00007498904,0.0000148506215,0.000017293645,0.000081243,0.00010980199,0.00016272941,0.00016274842,0.000018190705],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000048241305,0.0000055465594,0.9313394,0.000015265041,0.0000057157717,0.00006926122,0.00020510357,0.0000019560623,0.0000026639386,0.00042986497,0.00009095753,0.06778606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002390185,0.000092062444,0.9791178,0.00005402659,0.0000054253082,0.000025048657,0.00013832877,0.0011191196,0.0000033520037,0.017995633,0.0010959061,0.00011427589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008823335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09401237,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08518904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000011105473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006727774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997777},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2763093108","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1933","title":"Comparative responses of early‐successional plants to charcoal soil amendments","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biochar; Charcoal; Biomass (ecology); Carbon sequestration; Photosynthesis; Herbaceous plant; Soil water; Agronomy; Slash-and-char; Temperate climate; Environmental science; Biology; Photosynthetic capacity; Amendment; Plant community; Ecological succession; Ecology; Botany; Carbon dioxide; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04883815611821593,"score_gpt":0.2967691378433646,"score_spread":0.24793098172514869,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2763093108","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888316,0.000037247402,3.9997857e-7,0.00033433863,0.00014243588,0.000094868534,0.00014676206,0.000017480656,0.010394863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980941,0.000008286153,0.000050655348,0.00009801339,0.000093786555,0.000008550792,0.000014799911,6.1613355e-7,0.001631193],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993081,0.00003707619,0.00013183386,0.0001753015,0.00017647712,0.0001712275],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995711,0.00007339502,0.00012057434,0.00008791849,0.000038606755,0.000108443324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009275765,0.00009411653,0.00017493653,0.0000032971343,0.00025401366,0.000055052013,0.00037143848,0.000050084273,0.0008915211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026903783,0.00003753149,0.00005665337,0.000034267734,0.000052493942,0.00008946032,0.00012818348,0.00006270958,0.0002072853],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00252677,0.0005872219,0.44037586,0.000016128783,0.00014205786,0.00004845817,0.0012194332,0.000046029483,0.48332733,0.0007173567,0.027888741,0.043104604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015389518,0.00024210142,0.9787552,0.000030031435,0.0000034705713,0.0000019894094,0.00016437235,0.00023044163,0.018881932,0.00024392887,0.001174489,0.00011816876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00073139596,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002959871,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5383793,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000128027295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009602116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97615314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765597957","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1978","title":"Animal agency: wildlife management from a kincentric perspective","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Victoria","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Hakai Institute; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Agency (philosophy); Indigenous; Wildlife management; Wildlife; Environmental resource management; Parallels; Traditional knowledge; Empirical research; Adaptive management; Sociology; Political science; Environmental planning; Ecology; Environmental ethics; Geography; Social science; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.010178484316136587,"score_gpt":0.23047570337658968,"score_spread":0.2202972190604531,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765597957","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6553495,0.000029474048,0.00004933916,0.0031535504,0.00016640249,0.000122927,0.0000045422903,0.00002913251,0.34109512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887318,0.000035990182,0.0012595443,0.0015739391,0.00009435351,0.000022523469,0.000003909713,0.000009322088,0.008268642],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991914,0.000027074937,0.00010558253,0.0003270289,0.00013908642,0.00020983574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993499,0.000017898717,0.00011372715,0.00044845996,0.000005915236,0.00006413096],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000825339,0.00010434463,0.00009428982,0.0000053071344,0.0005424954,0.00006276876,0.00041744692,0.00006464488,0.0229403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034253448,0.00010379315,0.000045062596,0.00004528165,0.00012414399,0.00032746387,0.0002876352,0.00009309174,0.008331025],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005884119,0.00011954449,0.63100404,0.0000023396224,0.000060723727,0.00009411912,0.0005033225,0.000050319537,0.00003011468,0.004387,0.35596573,0.0077238884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031827626,0.000031491003,0.9632273,0.000005556358,0.000020565803,9.557019e-7,0.00019127829,0.00037996555,0.000017565542,0.010474001,0.025207376,0.00012571199],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012645349,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00080544245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33338225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020782845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000075249845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9924411},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765785903","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1985","title":"A railway increases the abundance and accelerates the phenology of bear‐attracting plants in a forested, mountain park","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Species richness; Vegetation (pathology); Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Ursus; Wildlife; Geography; National park; Understory; Elevation (ballistics); Environmental science; Agroforestry; Biology; Canopy","score_opus":0.01790564705332695,"score_gpt":0.2532593594747914,"score_spread":0.23535371242146444,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765785903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98879665,0.000103848535,0.0000095178475,0.0018098243,0.000041385636,0.00013216434,0.0000061564697,0.0000056137114,0.009094859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991792,0.00004840212,0.000073989686,0.00018746196,0.00002298344,0.000022796834,0.0000016051861,0.000005048409,0.00045851458],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994879,0.00004052706,0.00013997094,0.00013120983,0.00007440333,0.00012602113],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993309,0.00018893737,0.000174618,0.0002837538,0.000004957565,0.000016827937],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018814862,0.00006838999,0.00008277552,0.000004433923,0.00038197907,0.00010677707,0.00027558507,0.00003417541,0.000679706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015896541,0.00004077443,0.000016822496,0.00003468181,0.00017454225,0.00038137796,0.0001313657,0.00012340606,0.00006444493],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004060583,0.000048539612,0.9725791,0.0000038154235,0.000010513571,0.0000029518421,0.0005036206,0.00017446998,0.0006204597,0.00011043867,0.005932264,0.019973187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019310894,0.000024109573,0.9896333,0.000027750111,0.000003853975,0.000016517875,0.0014567443,0.0020952476,0.00024180545,0.0006393387,0.0056117955,0.000056426634],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007769348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0125563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01991676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000026924492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008501648,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2770716322","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2004","title":"From patches to richness: assessing the potential impact of landscape transformation on biodiversity","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto Scarborough; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK","keywords":"Species richness; Body size and species richness; Biodiversity; Biological dispersal; Ecology; Biome; Habitat fragmentation; Habitat; Fragmentation (computing); Habitat destruction; Landscape connectivity; Climate change; Geography; Ecosystem; Biology; Population","score_opus":0.021679470029293612,"score_gpt":0.2781930336505157,"score_spread":0.2565135636212221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2770716322","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9322338,0.000005272391,0.00009243442,0.0007628978,0.000087847526,0.0000724826,0.00020911865,0.000010477292,0.06652568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998129,0.000008021398,0.000014730355,0.000056826913,0.000020632506,0.0000015620353,0.000035179328,0.0000017440749,0.00004838589],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958134,0.000014455672,0.00006997229,0.000093734845,0.00013934608,0.000101173384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996432,0.000011325315,0.000073660376,0.0002244701,0.000005475662,0.00004187299],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007111891,0.000060560324,0.00006673485,0.0000029589146,0.00033591865,0.00009997398,0.00024263214,0.000032022763,0.068716094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014503395,0.000039337585,0.00006847836,0.000033650984,0.000049582388,0.00023549172,0.00006150305,0.00004329938,0.002290063],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012794987,0.00029281052,0.4605122,0.000010021391,0.000068093985,0.000007791817,0.0043140072,0.0016252042,0.012816495,0.000049584956,0.4920892,0.028086616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017733387,0.000037028767,0.9947596,0.0000050551116,0.000008492535,2.7523112e-7,0.0023942005,0.00015857522,0.0011890158,0.000043478853,0.0011714364,0.000055468437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021434969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035711733,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.53424746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011526798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039389156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99848676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772905060","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2005","title":"Ecological surprise: concept, synthesis, and social dimensions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Regina; University of Waterloo; Dalhousie University","funders":"National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Surprise; Ecology; Conceptualization; Ecosystem; Ecological systems theory; Heuristics; Environmental resource management; Psychology; Computer science; Environmental science; Social psychology; Biology","score_opus":0.00789113855668058,"score_gpt":0.2249477249511398,"score_spread":0.2170565863944592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2772905060","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8969732,0.000047678728,0.000018273922,0.0006338199,0.00012083072,0.000089669265,0.000009703221,0.000019976758,0.102086864],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977509,0.000030816595,0.00029088394,0.000068413996,0.000035366815,0.000010447231,7.2730796e-7,0.0000064870856,0.0018059532],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931854,0.000029569499,0.00010303448,0.0002409832,0.00010923804,0.00019866196],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995525,0.000060086884,0.0000881499,0.0002281348,0.0000033203612,0.0000678183],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012526795,0.000087400775,0.00012842129,0.0000021222406,0.0010181358,0.00008727852,0.00026957717,0.000080010184,0.0048638494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006171181,0.000067644985,0.0000351923,0.000014178818,0.00032124965,0.0001218623,0.0003401573,0.000080208265,0.0007104781],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004675912,0.00067950675,0.6450082,0.000062460436,0.00008586619,0.0003150936,0.0019440448,0.0007140086,0.006716733,0.01265169,0.2456456,0.08613005],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015595232,0.000028341883,0.98348,0.000009564823,0.000010597419,0.000010777634,0.00014654169,0.0026729344,0.0001881971,0.0006341894,0.0124769,0.00018605268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017648442,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011083182,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33847177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041510764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054096345,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9960458},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2774098203","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1981","title":"Climate change mitigation through adaptation: the effectiveness of forest diversification by novel tree planting regimes","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; Government of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Forest restoration; Forest ecology; Agroforestry; Ecosystem services; Temperate rainforest; Forest management; Carbon sequestration; Psychological resilience; Ecology; Tree planting; Environmental resource management; Biology","score_opus":0.021218933245152994,"score_gpt":0.2307146827764379,"score_spread":0.20949574953128489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2774098203","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9497761,0.00007929563,0.001581844,0.00023222073,0.0002654066,0.0006582775,0.00004182697,0.00002949037,0.047335528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992317,0.000026755644,0.00045571552,0.000019715486,0.000054064443,0.00007526198,0.000028213883,0.000013010932,0.000095537864],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999132,0.00011004951,0.00014694875,0.00022565966,0.00021167858,0.00017370816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988858,0.0002592113,0.00035884578,0.00046106975,0.000011519981,0.000023522838],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006422613,0.00010741831,0.00012967107,0.0000033599595,0.00049322715,0.000058685968,0.0003767751,0.00005830054,0.000121063764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010900169,0.000083254345,0.000045327524,0.00005228557,0.00013121437,0.000722365,0.00012891341,0.00006461266,0.0002659292],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035026475,0.0003577556,0.8156448,0.00070128345,0.00008982818,0.000006018875,0.005066602,0.0012347349,0.042143345,0.0054001627,0.015635548,0.11336968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053024123,0.00006210816,0.97669566,0.00019306559,0.000020234655,0.0000031005804,0.00023482543,0.012403454,0.0076436005,0.000176362,0.0019037524,0.00013360158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025445796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012405737,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16105087,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006789102,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030152205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38466603},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2775452065","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2020","title":"Co‐producing simulation models to inform resource management: a case study from southwest South Dakota","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre For Cold Ocean Resources Engineering","funders":"U.S. Department of the Interior","keywords":"Environmental resource management; Vegetation (pathology); Simulation modeling; Land management; Climate change; Resource management (computing); Rangeland management; Resource (disambiguation); Rangeland; Productivity; Computer science; Process (computing); Environmental science; Land use; Ecology; Agroforestry","score_opus":0.06641310822679171,"score_gpt":0.29346090216318566,"score_spread":0.22704779393639396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2775452065","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7330836,0.0000043263894,0.00020687224,0.0000747296,0.000056471432,0.00041207083,0.00010864971,0.000049645532,0.2660036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962753,8.5820324e-7,0.00012030998,0.00016273338,0.000046243895,0.000029778072,0.000045235607,0.000015843036,0.003303692],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988246,0.000017761353,0.00019406425,0.00041531544,0.00028673673,0.00026153872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987802,0.000016148466,0.00012704622,0.00092550024,0.000008183996,0.00014294006],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017183679,0.00015113143,0.00013019764,0.000009990974,0.00089518685,0.00026893988,0.00036325504,0.000043044613,0.049254544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020281966,0.00014709067,0.00004149109,0.00008689047,0.000045950994,0.00037952632,0.00035839342,0.0000803566,0.009773396],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031135694,0.0013555847,0.29263273,0.000047563528,0.00025148562,0.0034237232,0.13893291,0.355625,0.00011605762,0.0003739546,0.14844951,0.058480147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021826162,0.00017928124,0.6613234,0.00003122753,0.00009279818,0.0000257296,0.2494231,0.018064821,0.00007222137,0.0001965882,0.067641355,0.00076683366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042875945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0075805527,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3686907,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026813982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022147194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909976},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2776040438","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2047","title":"Landscape indicators of groundwater nitrate concentrations: an approach for trans‐border aquifer monitoring","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Aquifer; Groundwater; Nitrate; Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Land cover; Land use; Water resource management; Ecology; Geology","score_opus":0.01747192721043451,"score_gpt":0.2520895159197311,"score_spread":0.2346175887092966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2776040438","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95852363,0.00024825596,0.0014511293,0.000036470614,0.00021086521,0.00020472673,0.00006546307,0.00002299903,0.039236445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954052,0.000025093663,0.003232897,0.000014505457,0.00022094147,0.000008204289,0.00022327715,0.0000056210592,0.0008642838],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918437,0.000017305,0.0001875196,0.00023073553,0.0001225591,0.00025751197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994024,0.000018980392,0.000102503545,0.00033778275,0.00003537882,0.00010294075],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014855886,0.00012351757,0.00016136243,0.000012592571,0.00035231654,0.00018114907,0.00036371112,0.00008770673,0.0022772856],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010231464,0.000099521196,0.00006328349,0.00003557213,0.000077842175,0.00048181543,0.0000062046674,0.00008361617,0.000019318539],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053476357,0.000060061993,0.9822334,0.00008847061,0.000038518487,0.0000014670433,0.00047198046,0.0003258692,0.00044592787,0.0000150457945,0.00046825228,0.015797509],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012080267,0.00021177753,0.96452063,0.000026793572,0.000047546062,0.0000060517364,0.0013485667,0.0055653304,0.022381384,0.00040996145,0.003902206,0.0003716968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004798849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018391552,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03837216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000205401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034200828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99863476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2777122256","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2045","title":"Community reorganization in forest understories buried by volcanic tephra","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Science and Engineering Research Council; Oregon State University; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Tephra; Understory; Plant community; Disturbance (geology); Canopy; Environmental science; Ecology; Edaphic; Geography; Volcano; Geology; Species richness; Biology; Soil water; Geomorphology; Geochemistry","score_opus":0.007539211355618588,"score_gpt":0.21163458509476432,"score_spread":0.20409537373914574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2777122256","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92227143,0.000030833806,0.00013742552,0.00045259693,0.00026020515,0.0002203905,0.000007370984,0.000051007,0.076568715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950498,0.0000059192184,0.00009063858,0.000069069094,0.00003557618,0.000011951417,0.000015058871,0.000024596227,0.004697445],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991409,0.00013888702,0.00016063146,0.00017045914,0.00016351008,0.00022557574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989382,0.000055759752,0.00014232824,0.000793667,0.000005582542,0.000064476975],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038373584,0.00012269184,0.00014195139,0.0000058318374,0.0006077116,0.00011661019,0.0006063727,0.00008944315,0.0023054942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026534614,0.00012457468,0.000021288522,0.00008885038,0.00013132402,0.00048177608,0.00027315706,0.00023303411,0.0016144961],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015250287,0.0001547522,0.6421554,0.00003698032,0.000009378572,0.000007345324,0.0010902238,0.00018683795,0.0029550367,0.00015534181,0.3507282,0.0025051907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006680461,0.00009991273,0.93431175,0.00004249757,0.0000057019083,0.0000038203643,0.00045250994,0.0026976333,0.0012232143,0.0012295401,0.05896728,0.00029811866],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02132054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14396451,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29215628,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003965773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010063538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99916285},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2777713852","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2034","title":"Ecosystem dynamics and management after forest die‐off: a global synthesis with conceptual state‐and‐transition models","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Division of Emerging Frontiers; National Taiwan University; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Grantová Agentura České Republiky; Division of Environmental Biology; Murdoch University; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Science Foundation; Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca; Biological and Environmental Research; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad","keywords":"Environmental resource management; Forest ecology; Conceptual model; Ecosystem; Ecosystem management; Ecosystem services; Forest dynamics; Forest management; Scale (ratio); Ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Computer science; Agroforestry; Biology","score_opus":0.004102309191757946,"score_gpt":0.179169475508481,"score_spread":0.17506716631672306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2777713852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9686238,0.00017305739,0.002839484,0.00020133752,0.00008641964,0.0005937845,0.00016674738,0.000039296556,0.027276037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982196,0.00015739392,0.00093036465,0.000044966186,0.000017952241,0.00016381628,0.0000036226884,0.000022471693,0.00043979683],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987816,0.000051934512,0.0001708686,0.0004430365,0.00024270528,0.0003098365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925333,0.00002763522,0.000119663855,0.00045113257,0.0000065238223,0.00014168279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017561708,0.00021704275,0.00022303237,0.0000057267976,0.00026672194,0.00019236843,0.00020601762,0.000064662265,0.0002555734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000060305697,0.00018134824,0.000030106801,0.000028718097,0.00017240894,0.0006067373,0.00018964405,0.00006347277,0.00026978983],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016661099,0.00049222045,0.37705687,0.0019058461,0.00078638666,0.001961011,0.003803828,0.032088157,0.000025828349,0.0046299146,0.0068061417,0.5687777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010835744,0.00022589978,0.3472063,0.00042387235,0.000109509485,0.00007344545,0.0007074373,0.6475657,0.000024070758,0.0008470117,0.001142602,0.0005905653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082877965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.070802495,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.61547756,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002602386,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000044225185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9461529},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2781275729","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2040","title":"Mate limitation in sea lice infesting wild salmon hosts: the influence of parasite sex ratio and aggregation","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Parasite Biology and Host Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"University of Prince Edward Island; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada","keywords":"Lepeophtheirus; Biology; Louse; Allee effect; Oncorhynchus; Parasite hosting; Sex ratio; Juvenile; Zoology; Ecology; Reproduction; Population; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Demography; Aquaculture","score_opus":0.012760564712245069,"score_gpt":0.3014523424284141,"score_spread":0.28869177771616905,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2781275729","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863926,0.000032250147,0.000030316793,0.0003684686,0.000032214073,0.00011774298,0.0000034709863,0.000008917154,0.013013976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989769,0.00005450595,0.0001820239,0.00009178545,0.000013561901,0.000011906438,0.0000041126473,0.0000034534178,0.0006617678],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995329,0.000046286626,0.00013607017,0.00012977204,0.000059512713,0.000095508825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947536,0.00011383726,0.00018538878,0.00019740309,0.0000073360284,0.000020653339],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017767675,0.00006241795,0.000068495254,0.000006537228,0.00027520582,0.00003729348,0.00013463495,0.000050549057,0.00012770151],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018905872,0.000049492344,0.000012302676,0.000041235046,0.00014952962,0.00047933366,0.000065106695,0.00010248732,0.00018907311],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008530242,0.000014256254,0.98330784,0.0000034844584,0.00000347415,0.0000012121893,0.0005947348,0.003382732,0.0044648573,0.00004617933,0.00021099832,0.007961732],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010853982,0.00002367727,0.9949338,0.000036172205,0.000004556579,0.0000052261325,0.00009693699,0.002493638,0.0012935223,0.00022658924,0.0007212217,0.000056143734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017630853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00460432,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012584239,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034045668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000054196867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2665269},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2782617090","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2066","title":"Livestock and the functional habitat of vicuñas in Ecuador: a new puzzle","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo; Ministry of Environment; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Livestock; Forage; Foraging; Wildlife; Context (archaeology); Abundance (ecology); Habitat; Ecology; Dry season; Wildlife management; Wet season; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.007932907378873562,"score_gpt":0.19233153654535237,"score_spread":0.1843986291664788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2782617090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9615209,0.000050097056,0.000052486706,0.0016507475,0.00008050114,0.00009452082,5.398485e-7,0.0000057168522,0.036544498],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952947,0.000005966122,0.00039790227,0.00061528286,0.000049350332,0.0000068983163,9.379786e-7,0.0000027356564,0.0036262148],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99962974,0.00003371218,0.000094257004,0.00010293741,0.000059727776,0.000079601734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977535,0.00007349389,0.000037693884,0.00008637037,0.0000034941309,0.00002359705],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013602035,0.00004278835,0.0000626034,0.0000038153175,0.00006540602,0.0000045299057,0.000062720785,0.0000377951,0.005843228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033371292,0.000030660165,0.000014776178,0.00008562178,0.0002891505,0.00009246233,0.000056854253,0.000051992884,0.0006564052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008515316,0.00002071187,0.9114844,0.0000015469517,0.0000041830936,6.226623e-7,0.00025821506,0.000049365106,0.000031786796,0.00042788032,0.08461134,0.0030247846],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061006506,0.000045608656,0.99087626,0.0000047404023,0.0000034413242,0.0000029622913,0.000060613038,0.00031871803,0.00006667389,0.004820047,0.003154803,0.000036094003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004229335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012760747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.081456535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001963757,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011548171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99506557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783265852","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2046","title":"Modeling leaf area index in North America using a process‐based terrestrial ecosystem model","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Michigan; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Leaf area index; Environmental science; Tundra; Deserts and xeric shrublands; Evergreen; Deciduous; Terrestrial ecosystem; Temperate forest; Temperate rainforest; Taiga; Boreal; Shrubland; Forestry; Atmospheric sciences; Ecosystem; Geography; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.02018662915071878,"score_gpt":0.23224206808795747,"score_spread":0.2120554389372387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783265852","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96323824,0.000008240618,0.026349878,0.00005202564,0.00014786735,0.0002877429,0.00000640522,0.00007362836,0.009835956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909295,0.00000121598,0.008637097,0.00014250078,0.00016310571,0.0000026715297,0.000008577378,0.00002694114,0.00008838371],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99838185,0.000046637124,0.00031785684,0.00048707752,0.0003508129,0.00041574702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945146,0.000013676386,0.00010890824,0.0003031777,0.000015011965,0.0001077867],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009347515,0.00022483787,0.00023181917,0.000019843665,0.00013739301,0.000055326014,0.00027974014,0.00012393907,0.0004248338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003521827,0.00018578,0.000060346596,0.0005290581,0.000075091164,0.0002378982,0.0000839371,0.00022149597,0.000380315],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038453658,0.00004513569,0.00609056,0.000007386588,0.0000034669254,0.00000871436,0.0004104887,0.9910744,0.00036583343,1.3175583e-7,0.0007608964,0.0011945257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045259183,0.000035408975,0.0012194674,0.00005878,0.0000074640852,0.00000593972,0.00017348347,0.9974381,0.00013506619,0.000059258393,0.00015574534,0.0002587259],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009956941,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03004538,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029049685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037251998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055553028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9876538},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2784034011","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2055","title":"Use of environmental sites by mule deer: a proxy for relative risk of chronic wasting disease exposure and transmission","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of Saskatchewan; Canadian Bulletin of Medical History; Ministry of Environment; Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan; Ministry of Environment; Canadian Wildlife Federation; Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Chronic wasting disease; Odocoileus; Biology; Wildlife; Transmission (telecommunications); Ecology; Veterinary medicine; Disease; Environmental health; Medicine; Prion protein; Pathology","score_opus":0.006958102401720538,"score_gpt":0.2158602633551793,"score_spread":0.20890216095345876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2784034011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9602605,0.03490347,0.004046596,0.000015883537,0.000009915358,0.00029418207,0.00044608352,0.0000032078922,0.000020161646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99421585,0.0026887152,0.0027527695,0.000009577679,0.000057006087,0.000017994285,0.00010092815,0.000013368149,0.00014381426],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99948466,0.000030426725,0.00013796304,0.00018783973,0.000052554533,0.000106531435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996445,0.000020721185,0.00011153574,0.00012506699,0.000016764083,0.00008139959],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005719547,0.000086114494,0.0000914037,0.00000470486,0.00006471921,0.000005680661,0.000049410683,0.000057809782,0.00012876051],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006103524,0.00007764146,0.00006866822,0.00001728441,0.000081181875,0.00000864709,0.00003773481,0.000029117506,8.7984637e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003046564,0.00010575523,0.03520783,0.00020021336,0.000078162964,3.217625e-7,0.000072996365,0.000027758719,0.9068305,0.0000065519453,0.0017303937,0.055434875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001375834,0.0015903974,0.020422073,0.00019509777,0.00016526929,0.0000010299718,0.00006675836,0.005583452,0.9396978,0.0001643807,0.030478965,0.00025894717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000027261717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003302587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055175927,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007751195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002566533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3166127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788349980","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2022","title":"Can sugar maple establish into the boreal forest? Insights from seedlings under various canopies in southern Quebec","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université TÉLUQ; Université du Québec en Outaouais; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Microsite; Maple; Biology; Sowing; Agronomy; Seedling; Environmental science; Botany","score_opus":0.008198623110438041,"score_gpt":0.19834862305634537,"score_spread":0.19014999994590734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2788349980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98285186,0.00089674105,0.000010417713,0.0009015448,0.00034858633,0.00014864729,0.00011980673,0.000080813275,0.014641607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99669087,0.000028924287,0.00033776177,0.0003777946,0.00028698842,0.000002474359,0.00013500251,0.000012626366,0.0021275792],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986684,0.00012374234,0.0002357663,0.0003395732,0.0002439502,0.00038857452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990041,0.00039134573,0.00008341195,0.00036335626,0.00004498543,0.000112785514],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013302093,0.00019892765,0.00019914097,0.000038706232,0.00025255285,0.00021427152,0.00043682894,0.000115054725,0.0023428071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006975749,0.00013448275,0.000046137695,0.00027595248,0.00023496816,0.00017732725,0.00003893032,0.00020392906,0.0011401862],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017266878,0.000026964288,0.9424453,0.000012945058,0.00004700111,0.000056837966,0.032088123,0.0014563652,0.00002554806,0.00023191111,0.005318234,0.018118145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000286065,0.00007425761,0.9724687,0.000034979967,0.000012274298,0.000002804668,0.0074805776,0.0018547477,0.00004692895,0.008322705,0.009200463,0.00021550877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.920634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99897766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0783437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003335344,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024342856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99963754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788365981","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2077","title":"Predators attract prey through ecosystem engineering in the Arctic","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission; Churchill Northern Studies Centre; Parks Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Vulpes; Predation; Lagopus; Arctic fox; Ecology; Arctic; Snow; Habitat; Ecosystem engineer; Herbivore; Ecosystem; Vegetation (pathology); Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.014162379920806253,"score_gpt":0.2354028931053416,"score_spread":0.22124051318453536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2788365981","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96103346,0.000039352304,0.000022337132,0.00012679076,0.0001235898,0.00015482158,0.0000016069492,0.000026411553,0.038471606],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991836,0.000007742891,0.00026930342,0.00011889005,0.00006288373,0.000032050015,6.390537e-7,0.0000072467606,0.00031765932],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993561,0.000031071195,0.00012147486,0.00017724617,0.00009579291,0.00021830236],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997401,0.000051737632,0.000031443218,0.00015637775,0.0000031475113,0.000017170089],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016578313,0.00009300926,0.00009257636,0.0000029857072,0.00011994336,0.000012714151,0.00021826065,0.000054595872,0.00534107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002751821,0.000063855936,0.000029454948,0.00012381592,0.00006982694,0.00015896505,0.00008853913,0.00012476915,0.0031545067],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016138021,0.00014259956,0.9680427,0.000018660256,0.000014724826,0.000027167753,0.0034309046,0.00033349262,0.00018139505,0.00029017703,0.026779922,0.00072212523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013060392,0.00015190357,0.98270977,0.000013873099,0.000009793074,0.0000116465335,0.00037106342,0.00022422406,0.00015052677,0.00007519777,0.016051076,0.000100343896],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013328553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0066796932,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038153946,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000084375366,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003420764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99762166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2788559162","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2108","title":"Tree vulnerability to climate change: improving exposure‐based assessments using traits as indicators of sensitivity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Boreal; Climate change; Adaptive capacity; Geography; Habitat; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Taiga; Vulnerability assessment; Global change; Ecology; Environmental resource management; Physical geography; Forestry; Psychological resilience; Biology","score_opus":0.018071163776048543,"score_gpt":0.28727495874229225,"score_spread":0.2692037949662437,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2788559162","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848586,0.0000074572613,0.0010097072,0.000058130827,0.00032017688,0.00074757356,0.000035920573,0.00007055993,0.0128919305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937074,3.1906032e-7,0.0057957675,0.00028316348,0.00012016717,0.00003286105,0.0000023446319,0.000034639783,0.000023310491],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9978029,0.00034285427,0.0003509934,0.0005514395,0.00044949504,0.0005022825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998957,0.00012368298,0.00024396731,0.0004349645,0.000019878205,0.00022055225],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013127713,0.00022893822,0.00032290138,0.000036695634,0.00018167791,0.000031931806,0.00020695831,0.00012326475,0.0021841591],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014414682,0.00022448902,0.00008383562,0.0005081182,0.000141445,0.00033157365,0.00022480717,0.00013704004,0.0008268237],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000131966,0.00041928017,0.21936752,0.00017263617,0.000025787307,0.000028751769,0.0007536487,0.00018207077,0.19592234,0.0000132735795,0.0008610877,0.5821216],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006101096,0.000852565,0.8923869,0.0001017516,0.000027508253,0.000007770226,0.00010473149,0.03601298,0.06912554,0.000017248984,0.00035851813,0.00039435003],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026096585,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004402782,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6730194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003064717,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030764095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999511},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789486564","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2132","title":"Climate, but not trait, effects on plant–soil feedback depend on mycorrhizal type in temperate forests","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Biota; Mycorrhiza; Temperate climate; Ecology; Ecosystem; Population; Plant community; Temperate forest; Symbiosis; Species richness","score_opus":0.011203534893633628,"score_gpt":0.21219497015151226,"score_spread":0.20099143525787863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789486564","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94567704,0.000037966955,1.5195641e-7,0.00025632887,0.0009625453,0.00022327334,0.0012411386,0.0000701565,0.051531393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963112,0.00015047353,0.000018620212,0.0008139392,0.0007779819,0.000015710115,0.0007582757,0.0000029518212,0.0011508466],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998773,0.00008096748,0.00020233617,0.00035593045,0.00016268317,0.0004250798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983793,0.0013246507,0.00006032884,0.00007967335,0.000038789378,0.00011729664],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000121907695,0.00020827146,0.00020388584,0.000012364669,0.00020273779,0.000075437296,0.00020853378,0.0001490099,0.011386097],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013762621,0.00008749855,0.00006807929,0.00025085875,0.000006253082,0.000103128565,0.000034870893,0.00024524354,0.013837897],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0062536844,0.0009718404,0.12797488,0.000103797116,0.00006681218,0.00035681901,0.00034135088,0.00015971287,0.26858473,0.0043326644,0.4999879,0.09086582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00061413174,0.0075094625,0.7142688,0.0010982811,0.000029668603,0.00013941861,0.00024933243,0.0017479307,0.17401361,0.00076891546,0.09841329,0.0011471343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079388043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018003026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58629394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003307064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008651766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991584},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789583786","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2101","title":"Environmental filtering and dispersal as drivers of metacommunity composition: complex spider webs as habitat patches","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; James S. McDonnell Foundation","keywords":"Metacommunity; Biological dispersal; Ecology; Biology; Species richness; Generalist and specialist species; Ordination; Community; Abundance (ecology); Colonization; Spider; Habitat","score_opus":0.033802509929056986,"score_gpt":0.21128436220119215,"score_spread":0.17748185227213517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789583786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902868,0.00016500025,5.079041e-7,0.00032915204,0.000018598908,0.000053483236,0.000067225155,0.000017048671,0.0090621505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999429,0.000094860174,0.00013347929,0.00011331722,0.00008739906,0.0000015599153,0.00001943072,5.4821396e-7,0.00012041902],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99956137,0.00003065092,0.00009289053,0.00011391565,0.00008116339,0.00011998071],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981886,0.00007041927,0.000042282587,0.00001618052,0.000007166152,0.00004510923],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000044531243,0.00008855216,0.00013669983,0.0000014615083,0.00027393448,0.000019937628,0.000098238794,0.00002948098,0.0024736682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000420391,0.000037455167,0.000042580836,0.000033288117,0.00020386334,0.00007557501,0.0001399543,0.00005060281,0.00017242401],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056532434,0.00011993057,0.08826779,0.000007256752,0.000057586247,0.0000047899293,0.0004112114,3.584778e-7,0.89728826,0.0001437147,0.0043452205,0.009297333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011880804,0.0006244697,0.97557575,0.000018332641,0.000016290593,0.000012705713,0.0023243574,0.00006377159,0.011323853,0.00022673003,0.009560393,0.00013456497],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004044617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030368513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.88730794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009212115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":8.4784955e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984382},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789938956","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2086","title":"Shifts in algal dominance in freshwater experimental ponds across differing levels of macrophytes and nutrients","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; HEC Montréal; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie; McGill University; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Macrophyte; Phytoplankton; Periphyton; Dominance (genetics); Alternative stable state; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Nutrient; Ecology; Plankton; Zooplankton; Lake ecosystem; Aquatic plant; Food web; Ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.00874511290045006,"score_gpt":0.2465936708020357,"score_spread":0.23784855790158566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789938956","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99556756,0.00011248003,0.000037407342,0.0000105017425,0.00011802499,0.00015356272,0.00004868562,0.0000058825362,0.003945898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99890465,0.0000041548533,0.0007421211,0.000020832618,0.000026985183,0.000014074788,0.0000015532808,0.000011489713,0.00027415415],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990794,0.000024474055,0.0002618943,0.00024180938,0.00012354407,0.0002688841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997068,0.000022810646,0.00007046104,0.00015266363,0.0000028396355,0.000044428543],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013618932,0.00011862766,0.00019368721,0.0000087161125,0.000042655494,0.000016151427,0.0001328911,0.00006181562,0.0017694801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007942493,0.0001079729,0.00001987669,0.000118345844,0.0001434744,0.0001444737,0.0001852628,0.00007276178,0.00010529022],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000083577244,0.00020098903,0.94177544,0.000041124124,0.0000055026967,0.000025708894,0.0072941496,0.000096439384,0.047413968,0.00012021059,0.00040479875,0.0025380654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010904237,0.00012928124,0.95983136,0.00011156823,0.0000010052637,0.000003712964,0.0004861053,0.00805866,0.029295735,0.00027212204,0.00052735285,0.00019268486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006573543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020184921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019527566,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009014719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003564377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99914306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2790517002","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2124","title":"Evaluation of invasive and non‐invasive methods to monitor rodent abundance in the Arctic","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":49,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université Laval; Canadian Museum of Nature","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada; Polar Knowledge Canada","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Mark and recapture; Burrow; Transect; Quadrat; Ecology; Arctic; Environmental science; Biology; Population","score_opus":0.03729499770762762,"score_gpt":0.3512927199818977,"score_spread":0.3139977222742701,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2790517002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924998,0.00011420096,0.00006974298,0.00027493492,0.00008381364,0.00032286844,0.0000011572574,0.0000028507202,0.006630585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99487144,0.000022620072,0.0047510625,0.00015699807,0.000027580072,0.00006815601,2.4370797e-7,0.0000034950303,0.00009843104],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916416,0.00021249961,0.0001184697,0.00017545535,0.00020724465,0.00012215655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959856,0.00016741469,0.000052445062,0.00012284833,0.00003539692,0.000023350975],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011927802,0.00006890099,0.0001000501,0.0000064903566,0.00009958133,0.0000063173343,0.00013149512,0.000036610832,0.0015527338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003124406,0.00004910695,0.000016675951,0.0001353045,0.00021231112,0.00006952232,0.00011823227,0.00006121787,0.0002779272],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004211122,0.00017243688,0.9093532,0.000015298217,0.000024349105,0.0000032106368,0.013057653,0.00020537316,0.017238457,0.00003128435,0.0045895446,0.055267062],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016435001,0.00025332868,0.9893565,0.000015663372,0.000044289376,0.0000019224258,0.0018083344,0.00011996852,0.007431121,0.0006583138,0.00008652874,0.000059662478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046318592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020108175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0800033,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010009058,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013825792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99935997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2791200217","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2142","title":"Importance of the study context in community assembly processes: a quantitative synthesis of forest bird communities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Ecology; Context (archaeology); Selection (genetic algorithm); Variation (astronomy); Geography; Biology; Population; Computer science","score_opus":0.024544217714380135,"score_gpt":0.27404236658238273,"score_spread":0.2494981488680026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2791200217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98400337,0.00005885775,0.000013063858,0.000056985587,0.000035563826,0.0002852869,0.0000071226173,0.000009741425,0.015530018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996453,0.000013305481,0.00015194663,0.000053593154,0.0000020692078,0.000047484864,3.155237e-7,0.0000075766216,0.00007840862],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909663,0.00036495517,0.00026356886,0.00006682972,0.00010194954,0.00010605486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99854445,0.0008701643,0.00022686496,0.00029961043,0.00004776359,0.00001116422],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00049772573,0.000080711776,0.00019913852,0.00000946999,0.00024117067,0.00000361597,0.00040071332,0.000030089932,0.00020175701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003953672,0.000058865186,0.000026608895,0.00028039032,0.0007890381,0.0001050987,0.00026776074,0.00015643131,0.000039202972],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023606108,0.0004521478,0.97622085,0.000036531572,0.000027475793,2.574264e-7,0.02249734,0.00014125738,0.000015990945,0.00025263982,0.00015505299,0.00017686209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017253749,0.00027444324,0.9063977,0.000049436272,0.000011898943,3.1748823e-7,0.09120723,0.00044262913,0.00017222426,0.0012080363,0.000008575716,0.00005498783],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008633516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8592567,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8506232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003926239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020195013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9979681},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792400295","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2128","title":"Variability and drivers of burn severity in the northwestern Canadian boreal forest","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":150,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Taiga; Boreal; Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Canopy; Physical geography; Fire regime; Prescribed burn; Severe burn; Ecology; Ecosystem; Forestry; Geography; Medicine; Biology","score_opus":0.0037474599523150878,"score_gpt":0.18489306578216066,"score_spread":0.18114560582984557,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792400295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90150017,0.0000034807485,0.000010383784,0.00011857153,0.000074988246,0.00021541989,0.000012490984,0.0000058004284,0.09805867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996966,0.0000015119659,0.00009347778,0.00010948895,0.000027930959,0.000006858213,0.0000028442669,0.000005224809,0.000056072753],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992428,0.00011295222,0.0001262888,0.00018725764,0.00012625946,0.00020447852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951905,0.00007810104,0.000041747764,0.000267734,0.000005541314,0.00008780997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005397635,0.000078191384,0.000101345,0.0000068803647,0.00006287174,0.000014445562,0.00021129935,0.000053988326,0.0006604593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003348979,0.000059069862,0.000018145238,0.00013937776,0.00020204468,0.00011405585,0.00005265751,0.00007989528,0.000176672],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000033451338,0.000016923344,0.9925855,0.000008393634,0.0000022100733,0.0000056012095,0.0011963936,0.000010151535,0.000009634348,0.000022396993,0.0022969171,0.0038425673],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012834209,0.00006297751,0.9919018,0.000007558893,0.000002998685,0.000005984719,0.00013379332,0.0028649345,0.000013545564,0.00019061974,0.004620753,0.00006669514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.72138464,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99179244,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2704078,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014508115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022866105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72315663},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2792790256","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2092","title":"Animal movement affects interpretation of occupancy models from camera‐trap surveys of unmarked animals","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Alberta; Natural Resources Canada; University of British Columbia; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Occupancy; Sampling (signal processing); Statistics; Population; Camera trap; Distance sampling; Population density; Abundance (ecology); Habitat; Ecology; Environmental science; Mathematics; Biology; Computer science; Computer vision; Demography","score_opus":0.01124469807008595,"score_gpt":0.2282246226383722,"score_spread":0.21697992456828624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2792790256","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9751718,0.00004386836,0.0039945347,0.000070054346,0.00011234829,0.00017527149,0.00002803529,0.000015743826,0.020388318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99802166,0.000007660668,0.0015868022,0.00017617726,0.000027961312,0.000010186068,0.000013181569,0.000008637909,0.00014771882],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990331,0.00020554583,0.0002448666,0.00022025818,0.00015198073,0.00014424358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943006,0.000114085124,0.00020335737,0.00019217402,0.000022612734,0.000037722646],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040274457,0.000101542595,0.0001784518,0.000010020637,0.000045082765,0.000004985839,0.00015888597,0.000082869636,0.008012411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039553095,0.00010100692,0.00004803321,0.00013634835,0.00017219067,0.00022383577,0.00007741199,0.000055714216,0.0002029305],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031051377,0.00019232575,0.9429027,0.000018670653,0.00007496937,0.0000016869371,0.0012271969,0.0009073141,0.028213004,0.0003431036,0.014562197,0.011246323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029693378,0.0003739022,0.9530364,0.00002437752,0.000015856627,1.6451891e-7,0.000086564694,0.03192813,0.011060435,0.0030502726,0.000031002266,0.00009590469],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014342087,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029933346,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031020816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005018616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017234395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9928944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793459908","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2151","title":"Simulated climate change increases larval mortality, alters phenology, and affects flight morphology of a dragonfly","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences; New Mexico State University; California Department of Fish and Game; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Dragonfly; Phenology; Larva; Biology; Ecology; Climate change; Global warming; Mesocosm; Odonata; Life history theory; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Life history","score_opus":0.025107797889595287,"score_gpt":0.25769712974541303,"score_spread":0.23258933185581776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793459908","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99345124,0.000061158156,0.0000044493595,0.00013899824,0.000043663225,0.00013927551,0.00003337047,0.000035044286,0.0060927887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999104,0.00004346226,0.00028268583,0.00043593918,0.00006517475,0.000007954596,0.000014589693,0.0000055360474,0.000040635758],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927264,0.000048598213,0.0001190864,0.00024790686,0.0000772653,0.00023452625],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996463,0.000060589995,0.00006504134,0.00013485688,0.000007480865,0.00008570555],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006370219,0.00010447391,0.00016344487,0.000005501276,0.00007332633,0.0000053937924,0.00012204123,0.00008819175,0.0032047415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036775462,0.00007718665,0.00003441549,0.00011644846,0.00059538684,0.000083876854,0.00027278232,0.000061575156,0.00037444892],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013003947,0.0005718668,0.09799577,0.000039000024,0.00005712238,0.000027272701,0.00030675126,0.000055822915,0.889516,0.0005583422,0.0052692005,0.005472815],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005232108,0.0006315762,0.9524918,0.000021578777,0.000038569222,0.000010211143,0.000055376197,0.0020288154,0.03963707,0.0034346418,0.0008914295,0.00023571854],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00060777273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036394675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.854496,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014330097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002173857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793830351","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2123","title":"Monitoring pigment‐driven vegetation changes in a low‐Arctic tundra ecosystem using digital cameras","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie; European Commission; European Space Agency","keywords":"Vegetation (pathology); Remote sensing; Environmental science; RGB color model; Tundra; Photochemical Reflectance Index; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Enhanced vegetation index; Arctic; Ecosystem; Physical geography; Ecology; Leaf area index; Vegetation Index; Geography; Computer science; Biology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.01017057991542653,"score_gpt":0.21969325116143612,"score_spread":0.2095226712460096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793830351","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9861209,0.000046453748,0.000085069114,0.00008286305,0.0005411821,0.00021330983,0.0000019220106,0.000050979557,0.012857319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99717045,0.000007902634,0.0020350746,0.0000255615,0.00037075818,0.000001916083,0.0000027034218,0.000020503372,0.00036510956],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887836,0.000036234014,0.00017980022,0.0003270728,0.0002582139,0.0003203466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995884,0.000025435469,0.00009985529,0.00019615125,0.000016188094,0.00007402295],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000074917996,0.00016161027,0.00014726752,0.000016068221,0.00011617122,0.00012271704,0.0001521725,0.00008575818,0.00034975726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028684395,0.00014199235,0.00003370579,0.00029849855,0.000064658234,0.00039877495,0.00011421782,0.00012298304,0.001531113],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005886715,0.00038206988,0.71682405,0.00034373507,0.00008962333,0.00019736605,0.011172862,0.05414069,0.13015138,0.000017492972,0.0028777828,0.08374406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011460783,0.0003315913,0.86523986,0.0022091265,0.00003828683,0.00015254061,0.0025207389,0.093006365,0.0292749,0.00026811534,0.0046492014,0.0011631931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034745215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0044488884,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14841579,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006784521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009049126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992463},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793911088","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2075","title":"Spatiotemporal variation in drivers of parasitoid metacommunity structure in continuous forest landscapes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies","keywords":"Metacommunity; Ecology; Biological dispersal; Community structure; Spruce budworm; Nestedness; Spatial heterogeneity; Biodiversity; Spatial ecology; Spatial variability; Biology; Geography; Population","score_opus":0.00463455986065011,"score_gpt":0.21818237390487877,"score_spread":0.21354781404422865,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793911088","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98767275,0.000019147676,0.00009105473,0.00008742771,0.000076183314,0.000097066884,0.0000050890176,0.000006767565,0.011944523],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99862903,0.000009911525,0.0012034222,0.00003327992,0.000010393442,0.000003499374,0.0000066834314,0.000003273977,0.000100476915],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995005,0.000071131675,0.00015659795,0.000100136276,0.00006696889,0.0001046287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997437,0.000050016268,0.00008410901,0.00010040133,0.000008255543,0.000013538425],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014481276,0.00006119906,0.00012609393,0.00001552633,0.000052541505,0.000003894979,0.000113067974,0.00006502834,0.0014569495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039163915,0.000057552512,0.000015636704,0.00014762561,0.00009145396,0.0001159998,0.00006577194,0.000097577955,0.00005769513],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000126165405,0.000036941878,0.99393326,0.0000033399754,0.000006635074,0.0000012519864,0.0017571036,0.0031703536,0.00022379533,0.00019087942,0.00032854735,0.00033527068],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035095713,0.00005748492,0.9892788,0.0000057039583,0.0000036922052,4.2720112e-7,0.00021567487,0.0065383487,0.00010762972,0.003262935,0.000120832745,0.00005749344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014298654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.38476253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38333267,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005197482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059476765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99945587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793919535","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2127","title":"Integrating multiple disciplines to understand effects of anthropogenic noise on animal communication","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Research Manitoba; University of Manitoba; Cenovus Energy","keywords":"Psychoacoustics; Multidisciplinary approach; Noise (video); Perception; Computer science; Animal communication; Soundscape; Ecology; Data science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Biology; Acoustics","score_opus":0.01694198728079795,"score_gpt":0.30548305453525054,"score_spread":0.2885410672544526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793919535","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947422,0.0002553073,0.0012444898,0.00022934766,0.00004307223,0.00019191542,0.000006634209,0.000012422153,0.0032746203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958231,0.000046064655,0.0035891326,0.00015358446,0.000064773994,0.000009053063,0.000032403605,0.000015122334,0.00026679484],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944097,0.00006312304,0.00015360997,0.00016101214,0.00007032802,0.00011093764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992259,0.000038861734,0.00006836419,0.0005160063,0.000095396616,0.000055463315],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007428045,0.00009831548,0.00010088909,0.000011448222,0.00013121746,0.000012181331,0.0002738257,0.0000725525,0.000081808634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014244232,0.000085007,0.00005294369,0.00008440091,0.00013193817,0.0000035327766,0.00019505895,0.00006739422,0.00006642682],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023785955,0.0001678618,0.0022535808,0.000017800916,0.000016277907,2.6874253e-7,0.0002736467,0.0000032154767,0.9887802,0.00036802658,0.0046636444,0.0032176415],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005405421,0.0024006933,0.046596568,0.00009211997,0.000018246583,0.0000013982432,0.001170443,0.0001545582,0.94517154,0.000047448604,0.0036197302,0.00018671433],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000032099495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074978976,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.044342987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000151001705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021371572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34664848},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793945421","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2094","title":"Missing forest cover gains in boreal forests explained","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Forest Service; Canadian Forest Service; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Ministry of Natural Resources; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Biome; Taiga; Disturbance (geology); Boreal; Environmental science; Climate change; Agroforestry; Physical geography; Forest ecology; Primary production; Ecosystem; Ecology; Geography; Forestry; Biology","score_opus":0.009489380020790784,"score_gpt":0.23351023721160385,"score_spread":0.22402085719081308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2793945421","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7965976,0.000019788406,0.00026961698,0.00013493052,0.00024297246,0.00022801213,0.0000035078538,0.000053212494,0.20245034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969678,0.0000015924144,0.0007597551,0.00019193183,0.0001707736,0.00002203456,0.000007144417,0.00002960071,0.0018493598],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987339,0.0000622193,0.00021988244,0.00033493625,0.00022489256,0.00042421088],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994056,0.00007365544,0.00007063744,0.00032350246,0.0000055373052,0.000121074554],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000270705,0.00015788196,0.00016588675,0.000014321569,0.00010105417,0.00004263197,0.00024276118,0.00009146333,0.0065563996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008401106,0.00014771079,0.00004365338,0.00023717736,0.000117898395,0.00029551858,0.00012300018,0.00010798397,0.010178332],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051741743,0.000116802796,0.79510146,0.000023016708,0.00000806945,0.00010208438,0.0006078632,0.0004758536,0.00071760645,0.00006676982,0.18282393,0.01990478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005952871,0.00015443038,0.93070066,0.00005631876,0.000003231896,0.000014502174,0.000035396337,0.044521503,0.0007066741,0.00045421656,0.022528779,0.00022902178],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025045078,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.047737427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20060098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028419925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013807013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99435174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794215233","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2112","title":"Species occurrence data reflect the magnitude of animal movements better than the proximity of animal space use","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Fluidigm (Canada); University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Innotech Alberta; TD Friends of the Environment Foundation; Alberta Environment and Parks; University of Victoria; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Occupancy; Magnitude (astronomy); Population; Sampling (signal processing); Count data; Ecology; Statistics; Geography; Biology; Computer science; Mathematics; Poisson distribution","score_opus":0.05439963594920997,"score_gpt":0.2737660819169717,"score_spread":0.21936644596776175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794215233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9902776,0.000014969564,0.000027274438,0.001973847,0.00008730839,0.00023449212,0.00008881339,0.000009814957,0.0072859107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978529,0.000009021046,0.00068145903,0.0006405294,0.000064576365,0.000006873027,0.000013922254,0.000004735374,0.0007259784],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990641,0.00010350349,0.00019157806,0.00024553298,0.00021478477,0.0001805184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998946,0.00011447541,0.0001766996,0.0007191276,0.000021390224,0.000022280234],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037069106,0.00009940251,0.0001066235,0.0000039632027,0.0001695881,0.000019768158,0.0008220716,0.000048914153,0.0044227242],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012555317,0.00005954874,0.000028178052,0.00016287912,0.00067097583,0.00046224534,0.00061618787,0.00012271514,0.0002498413],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012194483,0.0000798374,0.89039016,0.000005421033,0.000020787938,7.8431054e-7,0.00029246518,0.000002478227,0.0060838913,0.00010957068,0.10246956,0.00042308625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000121800564,0.00028840004,0.9860867,0.000008502888,0.00001638988,0.0000012504122,0.00013116638,0.0003434208,0.003786143,0.0001563091,0.00899051,0.00006940018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000436219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002980781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09569654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024243502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018349434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794263711","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2105","title":"Homogenization of plant diversity, composition, and structure in North American urban yards","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Urban Green Space and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Division of Emerging Frontiers; Directorate for Biological Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Homogenization (climate); Yard; Biodiversity; Urban ecology; Ecosystem; Geography; Ecology; Homogeneous; Urban ecosystem; Biology; Urban planning; Urbanization","score_opus":0.005663117969917624,"score_gpt":0.19592651085085233,"score_spread":0.19026339288093472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794263711","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99812037,0.000019271218,0.000039390616,0.000086906555,0.000023709918,0.00007686757,0.00006073038,0.0000074998857,0.0015652602],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999196,0.000017571112,0.0005357404,0.00012646455,0.000029974311,3.7992723e-7,0.000020143107,0.0000037357074,0.00007000367],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995738,0.000016475096,0.000077405115,0.00012302419,0.00010396004,0.00010529741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997991,0.00000595037,0.000057897003,0.00008382527,0.000005743976,0.000047492933],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000027555387,0.00005220261,0.00008793737,0.000009088512,0.00009640197,0.0000046720716,0.00007305967,0.000017577617,0.0010457736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000015462537,0.000049681254,0.000008263119,0.00021788832,0.00018178324,0.00007336787,0.00015832041,0.00004388122,0.000042592135],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011985242,0.00001523058,0.98127794,0.000004185647,0.0000022031352,0.0000012587795,0.0009381893,0.00002402749,0.00011541221,0.000012662028,0.016594304,0.0010026012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001365107,0.000103703314,0.99837154,0.0000034997486,0.000003924437,0.0000015103855,0.00008386136,0.0002081129,0.00009663613,0.000029006262,0.00090490934,0.000056765533],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0045063477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21230781,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20780146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004843127,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052055843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998674},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794467566","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2126","title":"Disturbance–climate relationships between wildfire and western spruce budworm in interior British Columbia","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions","keywords":"Grassland; Disturbance (geology); Geography; Ecology; Climate change; Dendrochronology; Spruce budworm; Precipitation; Fire ecology; Environmental science; Physical geography; Forestry; Ecosystem; Biology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.007966773081941348,"score_gpt":0.20281799590455854,"score_spread":0.1948512228226172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794467566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98348415,0.00010854762,0.000015579451,0.00008907024,0.00020855131,0.00033498686,0.000027320322,0.000066277804,0.015665514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99671507,0.000017859833,0.00031844317,0.00005032028,0.00013894339,0.00002929897,0.000008832772,0.000028822236,0.002692417],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986647,0.000106789834,0.000290337,0.0004141406,0.00016475627,0.00035932355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942756,0.00009334687,0.000095778596,0.0002577219,0.000003986029,0.000121628254],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040479997,0.00011697945,0.0002229363,0.0000064425794,0.00022897933,0.00026955124,0.00020330578,0.00011272006,0.0020801462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007093736,0.00017268697,0.000028577297,0.00020422434,0.00020162074,0.0004035008,0.00022791323,0.00022174776,0.002105077],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000034878178,0.000015029395,0.9678572,0.000017647237,0.0000042264146,0.0000154243,0.0002489919,5.622382e-7,0.000039301056,4.530204e-7,0.011214799,0.02058287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033744538,0.00009743829,0.9879357,0.00019720136,0.0000069928233,0.000022121736,0.000059559814,0.00032079784,0.000018019744,0.00009462759,0.010704706,0.00020534066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03276157,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6667241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6339625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001806572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005424791,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988321},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794677247","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2168","title":"Assessing the causal relationships of ecological integrity: a re‐evaluation of Karr's iconic Index of Biotic Integrity","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Index of biological integrity; Biological integrity; Ecology; Trophic level; Species richness; Ecosystem; Structural equation modeling; Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Computer science; Biology; Water quality","score_opus":0.16608294721082142,"score_gpt":0.3781843088119406,"score_spread":0.21210136160111917,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794677247","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97893214,0.000025132154,0.0010831003,0.00079494127,0.00014433042,0.00022766282,0.000008475763,0.000010304808,0.01877393],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986729,0.000003700002,0.0011204185,0.000047105175,0.000031122632,0.000006270143,0.000004345407,0.000004570125,0.00010956358],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977563,0.0009609747,0.00046863762,0.00017437982,0.00050138746,0.00013829033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99896425,0.0002617365,0.0003644954,0.00029120533,0.000079897436,0.000038407317],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0037905278,0.00009172179,0.00018425092,0.000014752866,0.00012257067,0.000016942844,0.0002268659,0.00014323214,0.009711096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005104389,0.0000618852,0.00006586876,0.00027220504,0.0006220062,0.00022636738,0.00012768102,0.00038184697,0.00010870833],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070836766,0.0012434209,0.9350834,0.00010183112,0.00013259078,0.0000010734052,0.0072292993,0.002862324,0.012113502,0.0075584645,0.011403174,0.022200081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031088293,0.00014207128,0.9698346,0.000046173816,0.00005477285,0.000001563384,0.001735138,0.011669564,0.006980865,0.0088202525,0.00032443172,0.00007968018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008165483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024882616,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034751203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001918625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010043857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9911942},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794864193","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2156","title":"Wildfire‐mediated vegetation change in boreal forests of Alberta, Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Yukon Department of Environment; University of Alberta","funders":"Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alberta; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Environmental science; Boreal; Vegetation (pathology); Fire regime; Climate change; Taiga; Deciduous; Disturbance (geology); Grassland; Edaphic; Fire ecology; Climatology; Ecology; Physical geography; Atmospheric sciences; Ecosystem; Geography; Forestry; Soil science; Geology","score_opus":0.005333027628036538,"score_gpt":0.1981483924844712,"score_spread":0.19281536485643466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794864193","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95427,0.000037398942,0.0000025208683,0.00012221288,0.0002773145,0.00026891628,0.000003426922,0.000009625184,0.045008566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994312,0.0000021844364,0.00006316697,0.00014323789,0.00007520538,0.000033538607,0.000013942535,0.000014034033,0.00022351107],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912214,0.00004468309,0.00019465288,0.0001897265,0.00021859375,0.00023017408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955463,0.00009132838,0.000094546886,0.00018575953,0.0000049156633,0.00006879987],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000120842255,0.00009773411,0.00013717863,0.000009168672,0.00002743245,0.0000050036956,0.00015182381,0.000054859116,0.0012171469],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006728055,0.00009429908,0.000017303099,0.00023459682,0.000058697296,0.0001639369,0.000044960292,0.000057055273,0.000601783],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015830123,0.00004221057,0.96338177,0.000028146378,0.000006057539,0.000010667113,0.00091252936,0.000022878954,0.00016457468,0.0000105652125,0.022854285,0.012550458],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026922845,0.000084454085,0.9785862,0.000039884002,0.0000024215374,0.0000017377163,0.000015464353,0.01547385,0.00070824305,0.000020738145,0.004695945,0.00010183361],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98335224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9995476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04516116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028467068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039095496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2794969033","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2170","title":"Transitional climate mortality: slower warming may result in increased climate‐induced mortality in some systems","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; California Department of Fish and Wildlife","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Temperate climate; Latitude; Global warming; Climatology; Mortality rate; Climate model; Ecology; Atmospheric sciences; Physical geography; Geography; Biology; Demography; Geology","score_opus":0.017186950259984547,"score_gpt":0.24902982835663853,"score_spread":0.231842878096654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2794969033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.964415,0.000021653452,0.000012458195,0.000049339895,0.00024146911,0.00027612047,0.00018654525,0.00004559646,0.03475178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940205,0.000042814183,0.00011038058,0.00009509052,0.00006912007,0.000035714223,0.00012079779,0.000018513405,0.00010555231],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981233,0.00012402733,0.0004975725,0.00041819835,0.000328867,0.0005080611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994642,0.00003192737,0.00009395179,0.00030063165,0.000008265533,0.00010101807],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007652061,0.00018359415,0.00024056806,0.000034239478,0.00010591613,0.00005612342,0.00018849845,0.00015152589,0.001042227],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012519416,0.00017841288,0.000054867487,0.00028889487,0.00009160328,0.00044495738,0.000089233436,0.00020887336,0.0007055884],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007194574,0.0002745912,0.9821121,0.00005112668,0.00002405267,0.00018155335,0.00051777804,0.009815601,0.004594718,0.0015974154,0.00045129695,0.00030783235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008181966,0.00003955619,0.891055,0.000099128396,0.00001732659,0.00001503422,0.00011175777,0.1064376,0.00014934615,0.00043779603,0.0005002836,0.00031895968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006693954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016133947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.096622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002766992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018219178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99992055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2796921313","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2166","title":"Breeding phenology and performance for four swallows over 57 years: relationships with temperature and precipitation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Canadian Wildlife Federation","keywords":"Hirundo; Phenology; Ecology; Biology; Population; Barn; Climate change; Precipitation; Geography; Demography","score_opus":0.0255454036694557,"score_gpt":0.22529933654196835,"score_spread":0.19975393287251264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2796921313","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98014,0.00004323751,0.000047657544,0.00017840746,0.000051885014,0.0001485854,0.000013752951,0.000020262274,0.019356232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980002,0.00003059468,0.00066214096,0.00009201737,0.000050534272,0.000019923196,0.000014846199,0.0000070201754,0.0011227225],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999593,0.000009788516,0.00006031978,0.00015568825,0.00006135903,0.00011984922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998286,0.000027033255,0.00003191176,0.00006333106,0.00000981295,0.000039362258],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008232251,0.00006076741,0.00005501906,0.0000047931157,0.00016938034,0.000032428637,0.000035868437,0.00005923579,0.006811489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020277419,0.000052211763,0.0000074335358,0.00006554887,0.000121488345,0.0001906261,0.000032120075,0.000061646904,0.00016926554],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003668011,0.00007832472,0.7404656,0.00007514333,0.000043401345,0.0000028309782,0.0053123008,0.000025479978,0.010681288,0.0038235602,0.22100952,0.018115789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004128389,0.00026421397,0.97488695,0.000010554148,0.000008101958,0.00000878398,0.00079262874,0.0005251009,0.00017400373,0.000100204896,0.022728628,0.000088002766],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012331334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006207736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23442137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000062018466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002840963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9940964},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2797298567","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2177","title":"Multidimensional nutritional ecology and urban birds","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Australian Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Sydney","keywords":"Foraging; Ecology; Urban ecology; Urbanization; Niche; Habitat; Adaptation (eye); Evolutionary ecology; Biology; Community; Behavioral ecology; Applied ecology; Trait; Functional ecology; Ecosystem; Plant ecology","score_opus":0.02319125015610513,"score_gpt":0.1994280859155748,"score_spread":0.17623683575946966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2797298567","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98802865,0.00030919182,1.2964693e-7,0.0009622014,0.000053093972,0.00003877407,0.000034438366,0.00003233717,0.010541166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99777097,0.000049666996,0.00020110533,0.00029300738,0.00060854596,0.000003822401,0.000010673167,2.856667e-7,0.0010619443],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996083,0.000012197167,0.000060486396,0.00013339208,0.0000550481,0.00013062592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982417,0.0000788596,0.000017585873,0.000006124669,0.000031733416,0.00004150416],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000040078594,0.000058744008,0.0000731373,0.0000012803904,0.0002275989,0.000010261536,0.000040387782,0.000041276766,0.0026958892],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012102635,0.000021027032,0.000020572457,0.000049880593,0.000085963715,0.00003394862,0.000049528244,0.00003524804,0.00043753686],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008382576,0.00015697061,0.30248815,0.000004910294,0.000032170745,0.000014322863,0.0000618403,6.856266e-8,0.19333763,0.004207429,0.486435,0.01317767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000821774,0.00019969534,0.83058053,0.0000044942,0.0000021883045,0.0000085960055,0.000044697295,0.000023796458,0.00052691606,0.0004069999,0.16805412,0.000065802364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000030997606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026794458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5280924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004862628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019404195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982158},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2799272367","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2197","title":"Multiple pathways of C and N incorporation by consumers across an experimental gradient of salmon carcasses","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; University of Washington","keywords":"Trophic level; Benthic zone; Predation; Primary producers; Invertebrate; Oncorhynchus; Biology; Fishery; Abundance (ecology); Trout; Ecology; δ15N; Animal science; δ13C; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Stable isotope ratio; Phytoplankton; Nutrient","score_opus":0.013776069033575708,"score_gpt":0.2562507592160072,"score_spread":0.2424746901824315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2799272367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969532,0.00008983041,0.00005937994,0.0000075894436,0.00004953837,0.00010569959,0.000024488178,0.000008432383,0.002701879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99846035,0.0000100808875,0.0014157182,0.000024814251,0.000008769506,0.0000078318,0.000013695223,0.00000746392,0.000051247956],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931216,0.000046314628,0.00019619882,0.00019554062,0.0001116397,0.00013812863],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995886,0.000027525411,0.0001495052,0.00017366058,0.000011863349,0.000048822072],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013151954,0.000077360324,0.0001448968,0.0000052610435,0.000071643975,0.0000061997994,0.00010796298,0.000049624923,0.001501599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020849764,0.000074068084,0.000023894752,0.00008477117,0.0005179574,0.00016612354,0.00011263297,0.000032249653,0.000051277413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028435836,0.0002233733,0.50252664,0.000004945592,0.000015164606,0.0000013845054,0.0023202372,0.000049066926,0.4884209,0.000034941997,0.002768381,0.0036065483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053570943,0.0007343484,0.15781558,0.0000057268676,0.000013396463,0.000004074427,0.0032164694,0.0039479407,0.8324036,0.00012116631,0.001053588,0.00014841477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00093253417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004735491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34471107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005522554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005343161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99941117},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2799441091","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2214","title":"A modified trait‐based framework for assessing the resilience of ecosystem services provided by coral reef communities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Ecosystem services; Disturbance (geology); Coral reef; Environmental resource management; Ecosystem; Resistance (ecology); Ecology; Resilience of coral reefs; Psychological resilience; Coral; Trait; Climate change; Resilience (materials science); Provisioning; Ecosystem management; Environmental science; Computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.0175285629270945,"score_gpt":0.26500659252769593,"score_spread":0.24747802960060142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2799441091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9775059,0.000099442506,0.005310036,0.0005484396,0.00023690594,0.00067049084,0.00009857607,0.000058917885,0.015471272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99551356,0.0000033704564,0.003346593,0.0002243496,0.000077308316,0.00012630012,0.000010852675,0.00001668646,0.00068096805],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988497,0.0001083636,0.00032162486,0.00020741242,0.0002213923,0.0002914873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885607,0.00038080904,0.0002486031,0.00042618325,0.00004137887,0.000046943976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003527711,0.0001701625,0.00025709654,0.0000071509194,0.00054784195,0.00007540484,0.00056215195,0.00007293221,0.00055601326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035885034,0.00011524313,0.00008001062,0.00017500168,0.00019372627,0.00023489556,0.00025932168,0.000120238954,0.000055321558],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011914825,0.0017847412,0.28131145,0.0053039636,0.0004786658,0.00000900183,0.03496918,0.0027933537,0.015507572,0.013819649,0.5505018,0.092329115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003957863,0.0027081582,0.27324793,0.0028142347,0.0002960663,0.000019878365,0.06628651,0.39609143,0.016086424,0.02920794,0.20693392,0.0023496419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002509801,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01450025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3932981,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006787169,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019250736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80914795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800102301","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2176","title":"Factors influencing the establishment and growth of tree seedlings at Subarctic alpine treelines","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Royal Canadian Geographical Society; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Arctic Institute of North America","keywords":"Seedling; Shrub; Ecotone; Microsite; Tundra; Subarctic climate; Deserts and xeric shrublands; Biology; Ecology; Environmental science; Agronomy; Ecosystem; Habitat","score_opus":0.030661404062203156,"score_gpt":0.2262525698291946,"score_spread":0.19559116576699143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800102301","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906323,0.00076954666,0.0000010459562,0.00036054204,0.00018012807,0.00008628083,0.00019237802,0.0000147663195,0.0077630286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988375,0.00015735453,0.000025736166,0.00022005742,0.00020490735,4.712369e-7,0.00013406965,0.0000036586423,0.0004162918],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993153,0.000023688712,0.00016641924,0.00015910079,0.00013774983,0.00019774826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995145,0.00014305233,0.000077709665,0.0001374872,0.000055815268,0.000071444054],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013159704,0.00011577817,0.00013890283,0.000015212063,0.00018048678,0.000037873342,0.0001367948,0.000041920717,0.010359524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036423862,0.000066803725,0.000035630484,0.00013840575,0.00014081641,0.0001501919,0.000027770311,0.000057451663,0.000103648475],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017926739,0.0000047191556,0.9906635,0.000026284797,0.000009224254,0.000001055988,0.0022932997,0.0000037347543,0.00036273914,0.0000064582973,0.004650937,0.001960096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016508753,0.00014876183,0.9934183,0.000022398626,0.000018069939,0.0000046098544,0.001102389,0.00065275945,0.0021175062,0.00016530511,0.0020825367,0.00010231321],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008086916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13657035,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12848343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004855068,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013019939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99851835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800822595","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2157","title":"Phylogenetic diversity patterns in Himalayan forests reveal evidence for environmental filtering of distinct lineages","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University; North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology","keywords":"Phylogenetic diversity; Ecology; Biodiversity; Phylogenetic tree; Abiotic component; Species richness; Gamma diversity; Biology; Beta diversity; Alpha diversity; Refugium (fishkeeping); Range (aeronautics); Clade; Species diversity; Habitat","score_opus":0.025510992911854106,"score_gpt":0.2605509837676749,"score_spread":0.23503999085582078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800822595","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9974577,0.000055370947,0.0009428615,0.00005380716,0.00008063499,0.0001869172,0.000028407394,0.0000069438006,0.0011873501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99807256,0.000022082802,0.0011607244,0.000030466914,0.000031250685,0.000016887107,0.0000042178626,0.0000055775563,0.0006562475],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999379,0.000023564467,0.00014963596,0.00020439815,0.000077784134,0.00016562155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996581,0.00012118525,0.00007613398,0.00011412622,0.000002880538,0.000027563407],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013042151,0.00008218288,0.00011314387,0.0000075676744,0.00016206135,0.0000032237479,0.00016073982,0.00004123331,0.0013322517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048559952,0.00008176567,0.000037258054,0.000040083058,0.00019715626,0.00009014531,0.00045330898,0.00004395718,0.00009778131],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002637669,0.000042541742,0.99602026,0.000018051102,0.0000068954414,0.0000016469687,0.00037296404,0.00026559463,0.0009609699,0.0000035151154,0.00039482274,0.0018863919],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023399734,0.00018496077,0.99620295,0.00003049696,0.000009077969,8.690083e-7,0.00007314773,0.0021662058,0.00077866734,0.00018064554,0.000053038795,0.00008597301],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001018162,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01347053,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013368714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008121166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002339205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995807},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801424435","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3068","title":"Interhemispheric comparison of scale‐dependent spatial variation in the structure of intertidal rocky‐shore communities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Bureau for International Education","keywords":"Intertidal zone; Quadrat; Intertidal ecology; Spatial variability; Variation (astronomy); Ecology; Rocky shore; Species richness; Habitat; Environmental science; Community structure; Sampling (signal processing); Spatial ecology; Oceanography; Biology; Geology; Transect","score_opus":0.021933818170478243,"score_gpt":0.2506529239170289,"score_spread":0.2287191057465507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801424435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995654,0.00012960997,0.000074171556,0.00045517168,0.00008553178,0.00011518581,0.00003199379,0.000005480609,0.0034488824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996612,0.000008742792,0.000084628715,0.00010696409,0.00004170615,4.4153379e-7,0.00007751337,0.0000014221583,0.000017354934],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915546,0.00024161725,0.00025967814,0.0000899583,0.000116855495,0.00013642228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995261,0.00019100153,0.000099702884,0.0001250026,0.000028473347,0.00002974463],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015335614,0.00007505149,0.00020186794,0.000010620044,0.000045075416,0.000008699011,0.00041199406,0.000094625124,0.013184825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003937534,0.00005072081,0.00003225231,0.00011340794,0.0000992227,0.00005271931,0.00004170706,0.0003041997,0.000026149979],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016961929,0.000024233057,0.9820239,0.000042920325,0.000016029417,0.0000010388083,0.008479831,0.0015087835,0.00020738896,0.0000055469077,0.0006856181,0.0068350956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019992412,0.0003371603,0.96647936,0.0000092529735,0.000005972935,0.00000238021,0.0074525443,0.024534693,0.0007279093,0.00012460585,0.00007492895,0.0000512785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0057177977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14010367,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13438587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000025677493,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027944785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9877173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2801858307","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2278","title":"Linking stream ecosystem integrity to catchment and reach conditions in an intensively managed forest landscape","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; McMaster University; University of Guelph; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Environmental science; Abiotic component; Forest management; Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Ecology; STREAMS; Hydrology (agriculture); Agroforestry","score_opus":0.013396822154426197,"score_gpt":0.22619114863288006,"score_spread":0.21279432647845387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2801858307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.986457,0.000004455221,0.000040747655,0.00043671788,0.00014773525,0.00020622699,0.00003225935,0.000032747066,0.012642128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819124,0.0000026966227,0.0005646061,0.00074066967,0.000039009712,0.00001097073,0.000038524275,0.0000071455966,0.00040515568],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914956,0.000055102137,0.0001351423,0.0003179518,0.000081261416,0.00026100723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962366,0.000019107109,0.00003363876,0.00017259402,0.000015014849,0.00013599408],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016102659,0.00010759041,0.00013775186,0.000024508001,0.00016824293,0.000042534582,0.0001799414,0.000079529884,0.0032209258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014409682,0.00010428439,0.000017724882,0.00012923684,0.00008468162,0.00023633099,0.00026577077,0.00014797808,0.002186317],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033736134,0.000084042214,0.9519626,0.000012348688,0.000008208044,0.000041807027,0.0017257965,0.00026708472,0.0002553162,0.0001883539,0.044635896,0.00078479416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055246236,0.0005408852,0.97797716,0.000045992445,0.000012142232,0.000016446695,0.0031087408,0.00873044,0.00042799985,0.0011592152,0.007174151,0.00025435208],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001793277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3326489,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33085564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012913402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000061962755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2802659700","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2221","title":"Spruce shows greater sensitivity to recent warming than Douglas‐fir in central British Columbia","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; Government of British Columbia; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Climate change; Basal area; Environmental science; Boreal; Taiga; Ecosystem; Douglas fir; Range (aeronautics); Global warming; Ecology; Biology; Botany","score_opus":0.015022661579094742,"score_gpt":0.2155845740791673,"score_spread":0.20056191250007258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2802659700","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9837685,0.00010113728,0.000011447668,0.00023133478,0.0008860233,0.00023129511,0.00016621168,0.000089646026,0.014514397],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957248,0.0000454232,0.0011784192,0.00028522877,0.00035042927,0.0000014143122,0.00002415552,0.000009700901,0.0023804149],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983003,0.00016461153,0.00021720292,0.00041313993,0.00021078147,0.0006939582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993188,0.000120173514,0.000044310884,0.00023422939,0.000042534142,0.00023994861],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003294419,0.00012858187,0.00021388406,0.000019097326,0.00017242151,0.00036219257,0.00015246721,0.00008469645,0.019998483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011192631,0.00017360807,0.00004563925,0.0002744844,0.00007150607,0.0002051728,0.000036142414,0.00014304566,0.0020980132],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007110861,0.000014349357,0.8725632,0.0000109323055,0.0000074952004,0.00031183276,0.00023746227,0.00013799501,0.00005563823,2.4277261e-7,0.01992247,0.106667265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002459081,0.000120719174,0.96710575,0.00008827718,0.000004848403,0.00009269102,0.000118791104,0.00070980337,0.00020145734,0.00003019616,0.031051258,0.00023030346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.14260507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.96651053,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82390547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028275284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005705379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998679},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803695173","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2271","title":"Predator effects link ecological communities: kelp created by sea otters provides an unexpected subsidy to bald eagles","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University; Tula Foundation; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hakai Institute; Tula Foundation","keywords":"Kelp; Kelp forest; Ecology; Intertidal zone; Predation; Fishery; Otter; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.010011888404779493,"score_gpt":0.20788961592021382,"score_spread":0.19787772751543434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803695173","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9327427,0.00009534379,0.000019659476,0.00038877613,0.00024139677,0.00039073906,0.00031379543,0.00017852634,0.06562902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9922715,0.000019645462,0.00045974326,0.0018908955,0.00026541177,0.000009262079,0.0016427815,0.000006917947,0.0034338527],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985671,0.00030540364,0.00022256911,0.00030566446,0.00012832496,0.00047093237],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989056,0.00035433445,0.00006373095,0.00032042354,0.00006560909,0.000290312],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016078152,0.00022560204,0.00027445605,0.00002712822,0.00027363218,0.00011472802,0.00045833515,0.00018189046,0.015129275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007122833,0.0001705631,0.000045272813,0.00020322097,0.00017084154,0.00022104145,0.000060357233,0.00019889734,0.0016831721],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006811478,0.00027496397,0.54360026,0.0000869651,0.00012384536,0.000078549056,0.0011742639,0.00008522023,0.0011551348,0.000042082174,0.3243119,0.12838568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011937496,0.012407907,0.6601298,0.00007977895,0.000053607877,0.000052819687,0.002221092,0.009221879,0.0032683958,0.000363495,0.30993825,0.0010692355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023611551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18577927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16216771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000066875764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044266606,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990941},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803838661","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2225","title":"Fish movement drives spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient provisioning on coral reef patches","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Reef; Coral reef; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Diel vertical migration; Environmental science; Nutrient; Foraging; Coral reef fish; Biology; Ecosystem; Fishery; Oceanography; Geology","score_opus":0.007607982125352385,"score_gpt":0.20329444137910752,"score_spread":0.19568645925375514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803838661","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99102545,0.000015750624,0.00019563295,0.00026408266,0.00019590187,0.0002298781,0.000021558733,0.000021713447,0.008030033],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99768615,0.000018533221,0.000269854,0.00015496243,0.00010889207,0.000016432263,0.00000475173,0.000008650435,0.0017317907],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914366,0.000021625936,0.00020215227,0.0002603827,0.00019215012,0.00018001319],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964416,0.00002171622,0.000108882086,0.00015497065,0.000011205796,0.00005905028],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008674903,0.0001249716,0.00016630295,0.0000072196913,0.00012468046,0.000016379345,0.000094875664,0.000030636857,0.0020373003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016142465,0.000097737735,0.0000340784,0.000048830265,0.00008868299,0.00007982763,0.00038077717,0.00005571976,0.00012361904],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004903813,0.00011907424,0.9503809,0.000029517274,0.000014761195,0.000004019367,0.00081434904,0.0000021510627,0.000387933,0.000071627466,0.014996651,0.033129938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005471255,0.0012386221,0.97046196,0.00010904575,0.000010115016,0.0000011625989,0.0005760184,0.0004713842,0.006187297,0.0008321421,0.01936041,0.00020468663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035111725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010038319,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032925252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004731775,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000041545372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99887496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804152518","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2229","title":"Benthic–pelagic coupling and bottom‐up forcing in rocky intertidal communities along the Atlantic Canadian coast","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Pelagic zone; Benthic zone; Oceanography; Intertidal zone; Fishery; Environmental science; Ecology; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.013279853967492582,"score_gpt":0.19650296398021685,"score_spread":0.18322311001272426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2804152518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9723664,0.00031997988,0.000007854127,0.00036653195,0.00026052777,0.000092757546,0.000027415577,0.000013866332,0.026544653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998343,0.0000826097,0.000025041563,0.00052477495,0.00011033857,8.267117e-7,0.000110320456,0.0000029490986,0.00080013415],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99928546,0.00004288257,0.00015713242,0.00011744361,0.00006200279,0.0003350642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954724,0.00015984122,0.000035785608,0.00013753804,0.000019960593,0.000099611476],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023833099,0.00010723997,0.0001267163,0.00003196038,0.0003203921,0.00007863538,0.00021589185,0.00007013069,0.0035383822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015377347,0.00007482861,0.000018753191,0.000094990646,0.00012832331,0.00010480834,0.00004069611,0.0002628782,0.00017847352],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027433905,0.0000020978082,0.97918373,0.000011336081,0.000009307485,0.000014629869,0.001134153,0.00011798737,0.0000021939825,0.00005018901,0.002891603,0.01655531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043613574,0.00025282177,0.8761419,0.00011846076,0.00001409046,0.00014198979,0.013315886,0.08530723,0.000026139842,0.0004698056,0.023471802,0.00030372856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9496384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99954474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10304186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000057261013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006912142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973725},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807839886","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2287","title":"Recent fire activity in the boreal eastern interior of North America is below that of the past 2000 yr","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec à Montréal; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Winnipeg","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; University of Winnipeg","keywords":"Boreal; Charcoal; Taiga; Fire regime; Dendrochronology; Period (music); Climate change; Physical geography; Ecotone; Fire history; Tree line; Glacial period; Geography; Archaeology; Environmental science; Geology; Climatology; Ecology; Ecosystem; Forestry; Oceanography; Paleontology","score_opus":0.0081082961402534,"score_gpt":0.20680164386919642,"score_spread":0.198693347728943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2807839886","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98158514,0.00004442833,0.000008353419,0.0007389027,0.00020429009,0.0003623565,0.00003650493,0.000008040433,0.017011981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991733,0.00003353337,0.00003884647,0.00023899652,0.000048414826,0.000017075476,0.0000013144773,0.000012291229,0.0004362399],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885243,0.00019112034,0.00018835794,0.00022281353,0.0003256462,0.00021961726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990911,0.00006890553,0.00022701982,0.0005699629,0.000009186519,0.000033851775],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019347352,0.0001321952,0.00019545226,0.0000051221527,0.000060419894,0.00001216519,0.0006199353,0.00004175736,0.002717937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022329557,0.000076946984,0.00007148647,0.00032713503,0.00029659556,0.00012662653,0.00022932878,0.00013473556,0.00043827007],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003936697,0.000110572575,0.61424464,0.00002176874,0.000010763337,0.0000015592188,0.002805902,0.000010524229,0.0002601986,1.5845497e-7,0.024242962,0.3582516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016470261,0.00017197832,0.9633066,0.00005216078,0.0000070589804,0.000002662029,0.00016902809,0.002521321,0.0020777725,0.0000041424087,0.031433694,0.00008888421],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0055034044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025390208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3581627,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012235108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016713437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99819374},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2808354541","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2289","title":"Soil homogenization and microedges: perspectives on soil‐based drivers of plant diversity and ecosystem processes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Homogenization (climate); Ecosystem; Environmental science; Ecology; Ecosystem engineer; Patch dynamics; Beta diversity; Biogeochemical cycle; Soil water; Biodiversity; Soil science; Biology","score_opus":0.006439943606215786,"score_gpt":0.1867839593911714,"score_spread":0.18034401578495562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2808354541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99336064,0.00011120511,0.00018016859,0.00012269198,0.00003202853,0.00008963339,0.00002722958,0.000014670228,0.0060617398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999476,0.00009302456,0.00016320821,0.000044753928,0.000011398337,0.0000024009348,0.0000029535008,0.0000035124294,0.00020271723],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999584,0.000020995125,0.00006202356,0.00018590676,0.00006243957,0.000084621344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997679,0.00006078635,0.000064073705,0.000055950324,0.000023731553,0.000027567794],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060259776,0.0000703135,0.00009009625,0.000010204578,0.00047883287,0.000005539283,0.000052872474,0.000040710085,0.0002360207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030743005,0.00006429007,0.000010389092,0.000074815165,0.00025014914,0.00008051218,0.00016450364,0.00003282625,0.0000401649],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008261754,0.00014758356,0.96315205,0.00016516342,0.000062564344,0.0000039472307,0.027982183,0.001257917,0.0005079285,0.00028691272,0.005954554,0.00039657956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014017441,0.0008307289,0.9595004,0.00008689574,0.000078026664,0.000005853476,0.019280469,0.012086897,0.004955602,0.00040028396,0.0009906017,0.00038253324],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038327373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0075532245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01082898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044407767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007930837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42148766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810832591","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2320","title":"Harvesting invasive plants to reduce nutrient loads and produce bioenergy: an assessment of Great Lakes coastal wetlands","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nature Conservancy; Michigan Department of Natural Resources; Central Michigan University; Loyola University Chicago; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Michigan; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Wetland; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Dominance (genetics); Nutrient; Invasive species; Ecosystem; Phragmites; Bioenergy; Aquatic plant; Habitat; Ecology; Agronomy; Biofuel; Biology; Macrophyte","score_opus":0.014621777836264581,"score_gpt":0.2717880211443775,"score_spread":0.25716624330811294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810832591","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96884036,0.000010476066,0.00010971859,0.00021298545,0.00014659329,0.00019389435,0.00004046077,0.000028137962,0.03041735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995482,0.000024822486,0.0024940232,0.00014200405,0.0001596419,0.00002066612,0.000036250756,0.000014227672,0.0016263225],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874085,0.00005684735,0.0002323253,0.0004627667,0.00018484273,0.00032237123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993366,0.000044985078,0.00010844683,0.00027311023,0.000019011843,0.00021782193],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022000477,0.00016304263,0.00023100198,0.000020481377,0.00015024105,0.00003502572,0.00019541984,0.000069552174,0.001500974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047396858,0.00013682924,0.000023422253,0.00014328945,0.00019383222,0.00019740201,0.00025993635,0.00007773707,0.000074791875],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009828569,0.00021986934,0.9077211,0.000022638944,0.000026508205,0.000028068227,0.00074315217,0.00015809294,0.054260213,0.000112546506,0.024391335,0.012218201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00074600446,0.0016164061,0.95903015,0.000053642485,0.000015006224,0.000050561455,0.00025818715,0.000712933,0.028387062,0.00021823435,0.008631469,0.00028036325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00079188537,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.035761986,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05130904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000051068004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034385863,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99941176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2810916354","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2309","title":"Quantifying snow controls on vegetation greenness","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Energistyrelsen; Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Miljøstyrelsen; Aarhus Universitet","keywords":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Snow; Snowmelt; Vegetation (pathology); Environmental science; Precipitation; Physical geography; Arctic; Greening; Climatology; Atmospheric sciences; Elevation (ballistics); Climate change; Geography; Ecology; Geology; Meteorology; Oceanography; Biology","score_opus":0.04356136199163092,"score_gpt":0.2528290095962733,"score_spread":0.2092676476046424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2810916354","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91315323,0.00054297375,0.0004379056,0.0004485395,0.0008724888,0.0001345434,0.000012770847,0.00006426723,0.08433331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975226,0.000030511714,0.00068777334,0.00063502515,0.00043571595,0.0000016229964,0.000024799447,0.000003283906,0.00065865583],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993349,0.000022085555,0.00013236717,0.00017805396,0.00013222238,0.00020039728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995307,0.00016690894,0.00005467042,0.00013709391,0.00005834992,0.000052291252],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010250121,0.0000915187,0.00011168605,0.0000061801384,0.00032440302,0.000045178294,0.000102324346,0.00003598041,0.0073305364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006846926,0.00007401643,0.00004010572,0.00016624368,0.00005316122,0.00011398901,0.00000523111,0.000061772815,0.003972783],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009951322,0.00004131926,0.6354493,0.000023088951,0.00007068203,0.00001122295,0.0006897338,0.0026579462,0.000029509649,0.0017522498,0.050684847,0.30849063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025156606,0.00018435754,0.9537848,0.000025044532,0.000007819246,0.0000011478047,0.00023293012,0.012117034,0.00004057636,0.00028830077,0.032955326,0.000111075125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007797492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.045859456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31833556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003675584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001373907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99680275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2865514631","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2340","title":"Litter identity affects assimilation of carbon and nitrogen by a shredding caddisfly","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of New Brunswick","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Litter; Plant litter; Caddisfly; Trophic level; Biology; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Detritivore; Nutrient; Larva","score_opus":0.005644662817994502,"score_gpt":0.19382861272035265,"score_spread":0.18818394990235815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2865514631","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9714348,0.000034582565,0.00003674172,0.00010493908,0.00008824756,0.00007033992,0.000010869505,0.000013744543,0.02820579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990743,0.0000053976546,0.0002153285,0.00018496829,0.000023238526,0.0000014103401,0.0000059914155,0.0000046499144,0.00048472418],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999504,0.00002841549,0.00006923436,0.00016223916,0.00009001678,0.0001460867],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99980474,0.000012815405,0.00004323899,0.00008746132,0.000004559444,0.000047182726],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009346637,0.00006427115,0.00008560922,0.0000062210365,0.00008122753,0.000015310565,0.00009151983,0.00005959476,0.0064069843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009699008,0.0000644858,0.000018702713,0.00007316419,0.00017497547,0.00025418354,0.00015649953,0.000043511733,0.00031614845],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022438348,0.000037756265,0.78870064,0.000016115118,0.000020422965,0.0000034269742,0.0008787474,0.000017204935,0.02029305,0.000035783545,0.18910423,0.00087015843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017013304,0.0008917609,0.7692034,0.000041452644,0.00010112095,0.000018552126,0.000674413,0.021417113,0.1773319,0.008474085,0.019450609,0.00069425843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009091701,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005296665,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16965362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046968744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026881498,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9945013},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2871962980","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2336","title":"Extreme events and subtle ecological effects: lessons from a long‐term sugar maple–American beech comparison","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Beech; Ecosystem; Ecology; Climate change; Forest dynamics; Psychological resilience; Maple; Forest ecology; Global change; Biology; Environmental science; Psychology","score_opus":0.014236590802675966,"score_gpt":0.24484999135417918,"score_spread":0.2306134005515032,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2871962980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898894,0.000059777172,0.00058284734,0.00017457218,0.000118771735,0.00014608247,0.00003882029,0.00004579177,0.008943947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99743444,0.000028730861,0.0014348025,0.00011293316,0.000051296545,0.00001164301,0.00004566931,0.0000114264,0.000869085],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990832,0.000057220055,0.00014915572,0.00031707287,0.0001451899,0.00024815486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995425,0.00007049795,0.000075448275,0.00019310987,0.0000040224963,0.000114472205],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000074160795,0.00013375054,0.0001885632,0.0000072576754,0.00013260025,0.000030497573,0.00017025767,0.00007073478,0.0033130525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012602776,0.000113255075,0.000035290097,0.0001079624,0.00020806146,0.000086175474,0.00018459212,0.00011991191,0.0012781506],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017858507,0.00014540853,0.97806937,0.0000033721053,0.000019869369,0.000016177011,0.00016541767,0.00007295537,0.00093557517,0.00002771645,0.0030104297,0.017515847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026571914,0.00016293608,0.98679054,0.000012753146,0.000021318318,0.000005697425,0.000020485537,0.01018705,0.00018188755,0.00045575772,0.0017304716,0.00016536203],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00071703363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005701918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017350486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008665626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045917714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99949944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2877857251","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2332","title":"The effects of hypolimnetic anoxia on the diel vertical migration of freshwater crustacean zooplankton","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science; Western Virginia Water Authority; Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network; Virginia Water Resources Research Center; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Epilimnion; Hypolimnion; Diel vertical migration; Zooplankton; Ecology; Eutrophication; Anoxic waters; Daphnia; Environmental science; Plankton; Phytoplankton; Oceanography; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Nutrient; Geology","score_opus":0.0039661857380067075,"score_gpt":0.190377398229185,"score_spread":0.1864112124911783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2877857251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9790353,0.000046453195,0.000091176335,0.0002887504,0.00021602759,0.00025241607,0.000008157325,0.0000076272786,0.02005408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885166,0.000017262706,0.000077505785,0.00009736556,0.000054924338,0.000009937801,0.0000020870355,0.000008959387,0.00088029145],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991751,0.00008641905,0.00021646595,0.00013064017,0.00021743421,0.00017394102],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904644,0.00047611984,0.000076475786,0.00035309143,0.000010656427,0.000037218488],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001957658,0.00009584409,0.00011695065,0.0000036091442,0.00014398315,0.000013905948,0.0002288629,0.000052728028,0.0011987197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009845939,0.000048490103,0.000048139413,0.00008202052,0.00026594815,0.000035345107,0.000064173015,0.00007821711,0.00047038757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000581817,0.0007530379,0.2489054,0.0004578802,0.00025130142,0.00001450724,0.00787867,0.0007528304,0.09204575,0.04622863,0.58539724,0.016732907],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012152668,0.0036129772,0.58905226,0.00042514087,0.00011585532,0.0000104396095,0.00068974844,0.10697902,0.17893052,0.009089953,0.10927971,0.000599081],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003773417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016581811,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47611755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002728398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073999945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997143},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883087294","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2355","title":"Distribution patterns of desert plant diversity and relationship to soil properties in the Heihe River Basin, China","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province; University of British Columbia; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Species evenness; Ordination; Ecology; Species richness; Soil texture; Dominance (genetics); Plant community; Shrub; Species diversity; Alpha diversity; Geography; Diversity index; Biology; Soil water","score_opus":0.01617972107291374,"score_gpt":0.20114559101960144,"score_spread":0.1849658699466877,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883087294","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963272,0.000013052007,0.00026733775,0.0005524839,0.000030250429,0.0000992973,0.00002020552,0.0000046217137,0.0026855236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995371,0.000008592001,0.000047156955,0.00010653185,0.0000075292005,0.00000485844,0.0000056786334,0.0000012911518,0.00028126175],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996594,0.000045309887,0.00006607302,0.00008966719,0.000063342464,0.000076188895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998565,0.000032914537,0.00002522058,0.00006667668,0.000004781522,0.0000139254535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014827147,0.000041234776,0.000050101553,0.0000033081772,0.0003760643,0.0000034226293,0.00008003175,0.00002599825,0.00019120802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044549906,0.000027771894,0.000009496723,0.000057227968,0.00013052106,0.00007446719,0.0002452438,0.000048416892,0.00007030171],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011138024,0.000025441434,0.99103594,0.0000039614565,0.000002893898,6.966262e-7,0.0068074446,0.00011846693,0.0000058890946,0.00023482658,0.0016162402,0.0001370698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008569781,0.000051858293,0.99803525,0.000008691951,0.000004318609,0.0000011799862,0.00040046195,0.0004961275,0.000036634035,0.0006729228,0.00016920968,0.000037648693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00094847573,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017283965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01633549,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003292282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018253281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96448576},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883327350","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2323","title":"Lines on a map: conservation units, meta‐population dynamics, and recovery of woodland caribou in Canada","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada; Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers; Alberta Conservation Association; Alberta Innovates; Shell; Alberta Environment and Parks; ConocoPhillips; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Endangered species; Woodland; Population; Adaptive management; Conservation biology; Geography; Environmental resource management; Unit (ring theory); Ecology; Boreal; Biology; Habitat; Environmental science; Psychology; Sociology","score_opus":0.011680748067897971,"score_gpt":0.19329180317298586,"score_spread":0.18161105510508788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883327350","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99652636,0.000035503275,0.000023106462,0.0010315414,0.00018739978,0.000104332925,0.00002327869,0.0000054669026,0.002063009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99850327,0.000010919219,0.00019444435,0.00065474206,0.00002335176,0.0000076987435,0.000056773442,0.000004715516,0.000544091],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994591,0.000046627138,0.00017035943,0.0001427368,0.00008411359,0.000097071395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996979,0.00007438133,0.00008882318,0.00009981265,0.000014552802,0.000024482446],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011935736,0.000070402544,0.0001251273,0.0000103422235,0.000048227696,0.0000048762768,0.000050657338,0.000051107,0.0011315569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058040954,0.00006635572,0.000010381574,0.00015575028,0.00004858714,0.000118891745,0.00002683584,0.000055778986,0.000021448204],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030489742,0.000010553345,0.9839774,0.0000058748315,0.000021161311,0.0000011935157,0.000033107528,0.00039165924,0.0000060665684,0.00014557444,0.013719699,0.0016572191],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017056857,0.00006513411,0.98843914,0.00000937379,0.000025825517,8.4983355e-7,0.00007122311,0.0097078355,0.00003850927,0.0006299659,0.00077233266,0.00006926745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.89026433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9981245,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10786013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025177808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000682281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99978155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2885282732","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2387","title":"Drought and surface‐level solar radiation predict the severity of outbreaks of a widespread defoliating insect","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Winnipeg; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Outbreak; Taiga; Temperate climate; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.023236137895091817,"score_gpt":0.226711709541009,"score_spread":0.20347557164591717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2885282732","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99386877,0.00076296716,0.00006714494,0.0000668471,0.00014459588,0.00012711991,0.00024617137,0.000022171846,0.004694231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985002,0.00007974658,0.0012146754,0.000023434213,0.000047799305,3.229403e-7,0.000013541699,0.0000038825115,0.00011639147],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915034,0.00012179488,0.00023227627,0.00015087976,0.00017331507,0.0001713879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905133,0.0004865351,0.0001784463,0.00018806713,0.000050161067,0.000045469154],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004351824,0.00009560713,0.00016373336,0.000012107988,0.000118479,0.000021941612,0.00014886018,0.00006010612,0.0007868399],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024742234,0.000066998626,0.00003581861,0.00014559289,0.00016744682,0.00016177191,0.00002042711,0.00007888431,0.000045113266],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000109190194,0.000012683834,0.94503164,0.00005631667,0.0000309467,0.0000011938438,0.0008974466,0.0004205593,0.00027279323,0.000009592098,0.0008870011,0.052270636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021784038,0.00016656147,0.9840022,0.000044553595,0.000017579336,0.000010514773,0.00016431285,0.009594017,0.0049641584,0.0001596956,0.0005831735,0.00007543179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0059476676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012239303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.052195203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004061122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065108325,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8991134},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886408554","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2345","title":"Spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and fecundity of Arctic mosquitoes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Dartmouth College; Arctic Institute of North America; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Tundra; Fecundity; Habitat; Arctic; Abiotic component; Range (aeronautics); Population; Mosquito control","score_opus":0.010223207552909761,"score_gpt":0.2719447294144798,"score_spread":0.26172152186157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2886408554","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99490833,0.0009567036,0.000073563875,0.0005588961,0.00008594392,0.00023419094,0.000012838508,0.000008995025,0.003160521],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990525,0.00003327257,0.00005233922,0.00043951848,0.00030118047,0.0000128459415,0.000004121144,0.0000071278128,0.000097087825],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993744,0.000033950077,0.00015028102,0.00016194259,0.00013539745,0.00014401373],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995273,0.00004450619,0.000053665746,0.00027147093,0.000049646114,0.000053432323],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001229841,0.00008109112,0.00017291728,0.000008002985,0.000042000625,0.00001789006,0.00008708641,0.000038157803,0.00047775387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007214956,0.000053693704,0.000052864667,0.00007120755,0.0001209853,0.0000428813,0.000027739072,0.000077823905,0.000035498593],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00096207735,0.0007108466,0.88073176,0.00045853824,0.00011830615,0.000059684036,0.0010860476,0.0000041509043,0.0018083628,0.00075443386,0.008079905,0.10522591],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011348027,0.00037748742,0.9930018,0.00006935257,0.000052274983,0.000014672546,0.00017980684,0.0008184161,0.0004925958,0.00042385104,0.0033694014,0.00006551181],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000529771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021115397,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.112270094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014912023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003463686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.523107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2886799279","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2367","title":"Better late than never: a synthesis of strategic land retirement and restoration in California","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Endangered species; Habitat; Restoration ecology; San Joaquin; Critical habitat; Habitat conservation; Context (archaeology); Vegetation (pathology); Environmental resource management; Agriculture; Ecology; Geography; Environmental planning; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.014653177940276069,"score_gpt":0.20994150288518035,"score_spread":0.19528832494490428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2886799279","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95331275,0.000016464639,0.000010356394,0.00052494707,0.00002579766,0.00008612303,0.000005396449,0.000006658121,0.046011515],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99914277,0.000022813098,0.00024322205,0.00014079452,0.000028795308,0.0000071548225,0.0000015505531,0.0000044708763,0.00040841775],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995426,0.000025588199,0.00011340866,0.00011540559,0.000101045756,0.00010193735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998182,0.000010598658,0.00004065914,0.00010131762,0.0000021520711,0.00002704946],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012845178,0.00005855681,0.00007539063,0.000007539366,0.00003125231,0.000012560256,0.000055179506,0.00002580668,0.0015677833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000044166563,0.00004726116,0.000011705733,0.00006725737,0.00005811682,0.00007833854,0.000049247472,0.000028827977,0.00029467174],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000035455392,0.0000607592,0.97281384,0.000026376043,0.000010104092,0.0000062966124,0.0002754685,0.00013296629,0.00065552775,0.00005404666,0.014321155,0.011607978],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000307212,0.000104359344,0.9821918,0.000052760643,0.0000118065545,4.8779873e-7,0.00011802341,0.0020861898,0.00083991286,0.0013385594,0.012818256,0.00013060895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000736407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034362145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045830037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029709418,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000021932108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99934494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887069798","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2364","title":"Assessing spatial discreteness of Hudson Bay polar bear populations using telemetry and genetics","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Government of Nunavut; Alberta Environment and Protected Areas; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Churchill Northern Studies Centre; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; ArcticNet; Quark Expeditions; World Wildlife Fund","keywords":"Ursus maritimus; Population; Biology; Genetic diversity; Population genetics; Ursus; Wildlife management; Wildlife; Bay; Ecology; Conservation genetics; Genetic structure; Genetic monitoring; Evolutionary biology; Geography; Microsatellite; Genetics; Demography; Arctic","score_opus":0.04418685524261872,"score_gpt":0.3029095735719993,"score_spread":0.2587227183293806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887069798","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9774512,0.00025356247,0.0016083842,0.000033778513,0.00009058407,0.00009038911,0.0000063148227,0.000011081508,0.020454694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97729635,0.000027385304,0.0224593,0.000042566586,0.00009986355,9.468214e-7,0.0000021885332,0.0000127567155,0.000058621907],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927,0.000032018455,0.00017666329,0.00019237703,0.00016107071,0.00016782491],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968123,0.000013992397,0.00009292184,0.00014997457,0.0000117395775,0.00005012928],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010567625,0.000095649295,0.00013650132,0.0000061991695,0.00019786354,0.00003194193,0.00009745443,0.000040434483,0.0040345886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002906695,0.000089312496,0.000027650784,0.00016397134,0.00015816643,0.00017751408,0.00036415938,0.000052135598,0.00005137091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003240457,0.00002055614,0.9559606,0.000018466095,0.000008782875,0.0000011285968,0.00008420319,0.00006248611,0.0020347536,0.000036809975,0.0003835924,0.041385416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001021343,0.00005644092,0.9912149,0.000020071517,0.000019860336,0.0000029636415,0.00015346953,0.004409088,0.00094945193,0.00021411345,0.0027411678,0.00011636023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006945317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017569937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041269056,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005097633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069942676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996675},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887138465","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2277","title":"Summer assessment of zooplankton biodiversity and environmental control in urban waterbodies on the Island of Montréal","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; McGill University; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","keywords":"Species richness; Macrophyte; Biodiversity; Zooplankton; Ecology; Geography; Ecosystem; Beta diversity; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.00578462366702943,"score_gpt":0.18256588835966872,"score_spread":0.1767812646926393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887138465","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.991555,0.00009653186,0.0000033446152,0.00013361168,0.000036791254,0.00012776496,0.000080312915,0.000003730508,0.007962927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975383,0.000045823654,0.000018482171,0.000101103455,0.000013563134,0.0000026583516,0.0000045032957,0.0000023072396,0.000057708072],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946344,0.000038917475,0.00012912836,0.00012924294,0.00012534256,0.00011393355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997336,0.000040513558,0.000069957954,0.00013021388,0.0000014399176,0.000024219407],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013471178,0.00007572937,0.0001329312,0.000006450547,0.000058880763,0.0000061766823,0.00010332757,0.000033785505,0.0033868004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000013501556,0.000044472472,0.000022208598,0.00002920979,0.000070479204,0.00006775447,0.00007738147,0.00004218424,0.00012400617],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000379353,0.00006680859,0.98648804,0.000010774539,0.000015800008,0.0000017058968,0.0005327159,0.00006604004,0.0007691593,0.000007178486,0.0118859485,0.000117883974],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007820624,0.00026375064,0.9875046,0.00002532882,0.00001598726,0.000001001947,0.00061757833,0.005447709,0.0019861134,0.00003888498,0.003227061,0.0000898977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002526065,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011648628,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009122563,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030568088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000018776497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99752426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2888416241","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2371","title":"Sex‐specific seasonal variation in puma and snow leopard home range utilization","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bonneville Power Administration; Disney Conservation Fund; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; U.S. Forest Service; Whitley Fund for Nature; Columbus Zoo and Aquarium; Washington State University; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Transportation; U.S. Department of Energy; Bombardier","keywords":"Snow leopard; Home range; Predation; Territoriality; Ecology; Biology; Range (aeronautics); Panthera; Leopard; Seasonal breeder; Reproduction; Zoology; Habitat","score_opus":0.01755169077429033,"score_gpt":0.21782140542071507,"score_spread":0.20026971464642473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2888416241","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9796892,0.000047951733,0.00073817035,0.00049789547,0.00016996358,0.00011951353,0.0000021023254,0.000025243691,0.018709999],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997632,0.000037214468,0.00049945695,0.00032671352,0.00009373249,0.000013412998,0.000008342956,0.0000063544753,0.0013827555],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938416,0.00005545996,0.00011414136,0.00021466914,0.00009398022,0.000137572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977744,0.000038774295,0.000042106858,0.000099810575,0.000006605701,0.000035274436],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000200562,0.00007064828,0.00007470133,0.000009135893,0.000102698075,0.000020203019,0.00006495963,0.00008206828,0.009177068],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022046848,0.00007388995,0.000010997502,0.00015886518,0.00009196329,0.00026635258,0.000045098728,0.000061699764,0.0013487544],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002508345,0.000035874975,0.96289563,0.0000020940372,0.0000026357295,0.0000019571783,0.00048295947,0.00003741328,0.00012079133,0.00032629035,0.019953929,0.016115358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034296166,0.000045770852,0.9844003,0.0000057119737,0.0000023717055,0.000002922001,0.000039373826,0.0037329905,0.00004642625,0.0016085516,0.009686059,0.00008659419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000070613205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017300886,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021504654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000078981706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000075339067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994288},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890897169","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2396","title":"Post‐catastrophe patterns of abundance and survival reveal no evidence of population recovery in a long‐lived animal","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Turtle Biology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Laurentian University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Guelph; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Ministry of Natural Resources; World Wildlife Fund","keywords":"Survivorship curve; Vital rates; Population; Mark and recapture; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Biology; Predation; Population decline; Habitat; Geography; Demography; Population growth","score_opus":0.012771785446945159,"score_gpt":0.23884265795428755,"score_spread":0.2260708725073424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890897169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99912316,0.000079451114,0.00005256747,0.00007630301,0.00008466212,0.000087049964,0.000012422483,0.0000047619274,0.00047964317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990567,0.000027015425,0.0005671399,0.00003975396,0.000028059489,0.0000026429443,0.000009233788,0.0000035406538,0.0002659447],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942106,0.000062431754,0.00018200214,0.00016226289,0.00007757648,0.00009467307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967486,0.000052414227,0.00011929156,0.00011769411,0.0000164351,0.000019337762],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016925462,0.00005944998,0.000106439424,0.0000063965444,0.000023512916,0.0000032142832,0.000085653795,0.000055672263,0.0012387643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007185521,0.000056297584,0.000016746104,0.00006396879,0.000091234,0.00020733857,0.00006244946,0.000047118912,0.000071811344],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002997199,0.000021819687,0.9744295,0.000020485548,0.0000026985333,9.287092e-7,0.000089118104,0.000011040201,0.021604914,0.000010594891,0.0001617241,0.003347463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013372542,0.00043697705,0.9975385,0.00009379823,0.0000033311815,0.0000014616585,0.00003091343,0.000122293,0.0014826971,0.00007886372,0.00002276568,0.000054641892],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003588753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0069480115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023109037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000031919684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053877843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2890956870","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2420","title":"Intrapopulation variability in wolf diet revealed using a combined stable isotope and fatty acid approach","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of Northwest Territories; Western University; Dalhousie University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Beaver; Isotope analysis; Canis; Phoca; Taiga; Biology; Ecology; Stable isotope ratio; Zoology","score_opus":0.012983999087625169,"score_gpt":0.2347522940666445,"score_spread":0.22176829497901931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2890956870","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.961037,0.000010456631,0.0060029607,0.0000518828,0.00006661116,0.00030908597,0.0000020299053,0.000021962154,0.03249802],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9675526,0.0000037857471,0.032023583,0.00011290041,0.000034570916,0.00001807972,0.0000075102216,0.000011060603,0.00023588951],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998664,0.00023229692,0.00028020615,0.0004113502,0.00012483905,0.00028730143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948233,0.000036802834,0.000092183116,0.00032041673,0.000010816384,0.000057460966],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090559555,0.00012340742,0.0002240141,0.000015502479,0.00012855891,0.000027060107,0.00015418284,0.000107772816,0.00557572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010644711,0.00011992832,0.00002717088,0.00035258778,0.00020820287,0.0002611066,0.00021921676,0.00012689769,0.0001687012],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009451119,0.00020835915,0.99103165,0.000014145894,0.000015111201,0.0000023251691,0.0005590749,0.00093392807,0.0036260623,0.00018400777,0.000935522,0.002395316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055315095,0.00015621011,0.80753666,0.0000066915613,0.000022237426,0.000003586332,0.000099995836,0.18626587,0.00082398014,0.0039243083,0.0004013837,0.00020594768],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00091040594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034439196,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18533194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003344888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015487818,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891299326","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2362","title":"Does climate change and plant phenology research neglect the Arctic tundra?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; W. Garfield Weston Foundation; University of Calgary","keywords":"Tundra; Biome; Phenology; Climate change; Ecology; Arctic; Global warming; Arctic ecology; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Physical geography; Climatology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.10686644263491031,"score_gpt":0.2975927368196044,"score_spread":0.1907262941846941,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891299326","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9478384,0.002003474,3.4351402e-7,0.0040785093,0.00078302034,0.0002700743,0.00087629573,0.00003330335,0.044116564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99444985,0.0025783025,0.000023422721,0.00084430084,0.0013658474,0.0000065792124,0.00020129181,0.000005497343,0.00052488124],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874,0.00015241264,0.00011474034,0.00025874426,0.00017069186,0.00056336407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925137,0.00033516565,0.000031265234,0.00023464627,0.000052398267,0.00009515389],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004543443,0.00010627385,0.0001203606,0.000024138291,0.00061578245,0.000109959416,0.00022101725,0.000074642194,0.037479732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003584096,0.00005006495,0.000023271756,0.00016619818,0.00038821835,0.000108978245,0.000050788203,0.0002207512,0.003281073],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019780365,0.000027237176,0.8599152,0.000116453266,0.000031055784,0.00006755493,0.0070299953,7.593446e-7,0.00009547055,0.00044670995,0.054136574,0.07793518],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000242459,0.0004581814,0.8443205,0.000056860146,0.000011443475,0.0000657483,0.0020025207,0.0014460216,0.000052801213,0.002713519,0.14844689,0.00018306561],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0091750845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.26063514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25146008,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000042566508,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000128757765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997495},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2892164437","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2423","title":"Relations of interannual differences in stream litter breakdown with discharge: bioassessment implications","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Guelph; Canadian Forest Service; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; Simpson Fund; U.S. Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Killam Trusts","keywords":"Environmental science; Ecosystem; STREAMS; Ecology; Temperate climate; Atmospheric sciences; Decomposer; Plant litter; Litter; Hydrology (agriculture); Fragmentation (computing); Range (aeronautics); Physical geography; Biology; Geography; Geology","score_opus":0.008516588996171819,"score_gpt":0.20542119141629508,"score_spread":0.19690460242012325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2892164437","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95093393,0.000004248877,0.0002335785,0.0010328095,0.000044721717,0.000107276144,0.00003577283,0.000012409087,0.047595236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968317,0.0000021497917,0.0010982587,0.0001265388,0.000013414775,0.000010686555,0.000012793519,0.0000040830223,0.0019003889],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994303,0.000025578887,0.00012940064,0.00018415893,0.000070282455,0.00016030483],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997224,0.00002063574,0.000051259412,0.00015436883,0.000009467304,0.000041865183],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000045938617,0.00007529275,0.00010278177,0.000014580099,0.00008050544,0.000011901915,0.0001704405,0.000041364252,0.026247555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000036736499,0.000058478123,0.000019385941,0.00016225419,0.0002953577,0.00020171651,0.000117125324,0.00006774553,0.0013602346],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019145147,0.00013819928,0.97904074,0.0000028140712,0.000011181644,0.0000010016441,0.0011823763,0.000017060249,0.00035922884,0.00039245305,0.018177366,0.0006584562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028772393,0.00023944715,0.99572176,0.0000110168885,0.000007528962,0.000002482836,0.0003984292,0.00030101152,0.0005710169,0.00089939154,0.0014710712,0.00008909801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001197415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.034591947,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.045897737,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008057352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014957032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2893054373","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2397","title":"The roles of extrinsic and intrinsic factors in the freshwater life‐history dynamics of a migratory salmonid","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; Government of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Ministry of Environment; InStream Fisheries Research (Canada); Simon Fraser University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Habitat Conservation Trust Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Liber Ero Foundation; Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Abundance (ecology); Juvenile; Biology; Life history theory; Density dependence; Rainbow trout; Ecology; Metamorphosis; Life history; Nutrient; Population; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Larva","score_opus":0.007424491533364285,"score_gpt":0.18432649741549462,"score_spread":0.17690200588213034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2893054373","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9789505,0.00037619704,0.0000037707873,0.00059282006,0.00009990933,0.00012675772,0.0000038776234,0.0000051535576,0.019841002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99881864,0.00015438936,0.00003799062,0.00021470172,0.000011890467,0.000008501825,8.8928135e-7,0.000004242102,0.00074874825],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994665,0.000059201597,0.00013536206,0.000117712465,0.00009188408,0.00012938125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961245,0.00011098088,0.00007927202,0.00017685749,0.0000052563114,0.0000151711065],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022350953,0.00007484779,0.000105343424,0.00000853592,0.000098618606,0.0000033789524,0.00020968156,0.00003670422,0.00058901083],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042532178,0.000042138516,0.000023163606,0.00006695221,0.0007824573,0.00005971827,0.00018213647,0.00007241146,0.000034289053],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025660167,0.000053782616,0.7677562,0.000012222405,0.00002640715,0.0000014904448,0.0032998684,0.000006308529,0.000027164813,0.0006722044,0.226557,0.0015616871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013806147,0.000110734036,0.9415828,0.0000056392473,0.000012364115,3.1194426e-7,0.0032525433,0.0001480331,0.00007120553,0.00048367423,0.05413628,0.000058367816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026146055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.31855264,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3182912,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006521812,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063305974,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.693882},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2894357638","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2421","title":"Interlacing roles of bottom‐up, top‐down, endogenous, and anthropogenic factors in population oscillations","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Université de Moncton; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Forest Service; Department of Natural Resources, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador","keywords":"Biology; Ecology; Population; Voltinism; Fecundity; Parasitism; Larva; Host (biology); Demography","score_opus":0.011719842480089365,"score_gpt":0.2285230944183409,"score_spread":0.21680325193825153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2894357638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876764,0.0000411059,0.00005241034,0.000028637567,0.00015193639,0.0001349124,0.0000028379952,0.000015488311,0.0118963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993243,0.000019762118,0.00023567179,0.000027828612,0.000015377429,0.000003665509,0.000006077487,0.0000056969093,0.00036160744],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994474,0.000026973112,0.00015820847,0.00016027002,0.000067894514,0.0001392253],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997709,0.000022112878,0.00005889667,0.000116623334,0.0000036793356,0.000027796397],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009469337,0.00007190191,0.00009481002,0.000019525962,0.00009457848,0.000007002168,0.00007060863,0.00004971627,0.005093407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020720578,0.000066559565,0.000020084983,0.00012803324,0.00014701547,0.00013293223,0.00010196085,0.000053097978,0.00011829244],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011834977,0.000040368435,0.9895921,0.000008008329,0.000009742725,0.000001435852,0.0017298105,0.00033938163,0.0031726204,0.00047637758,0.0009423867,0.0036759765],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016528445,0.00009692734,0.9953921,0.000009115946,0.0000065505938,0.0000024245696,0.0003887956,0.00065265235,0.0015979466,0.00090518245,0.00070500333,0.00007803596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001850067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.039779358,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03792929,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007221634,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031499972,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99581605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895305407","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2437","title":"Modeling the interactive effects of spruce beetle infestation and climate on subalpine vegetation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Virginia; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Virginia Space Grant Consortium; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Bark beetle; Infestation; Climate change; Ecology; Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Biomass (ecology); Mountain pine beetle; Picea abies; Subalpine forest; Disturbance (geology); Ecosystem; Biology; Agronomy; Bark (sound)","score_opus":0.004465843472326978,"score_gpt":0.21981555739472766,"score_spread":0.21534971392240068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895305407","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97874266,0.000016534268,0.0007221902,0.000055498847,0.00013209805,0.00016419859,3.5864056e-7,0.000009493412,0.020156998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993993,0.00002598002,0.00028498753,0.00018411921,0.000017512948,0.000012015051,0.0000014450553,0.000003995391,0.00007063079],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99965507,0.000029022742,0.00007430965,0.000101130514,0.00005727471,0.000083182014],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979895,0.000060265946,0.00004067585,0.00008132176,0.000005675825,0.000013088512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009474328,0.000047584203,0.000046564972,0.000005343722,0.000086218046,0.0000061740607,0.000049985592,0.000021338887,0.00029790853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003188673,0.000034654924,0.000010594169,0.000052503954,0.000078356476,0.00010607386,0.000060165705,0.000043255004,0.00036570127],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015123019,0.0014330891,0.06476551,0.0010603444,0.00034562527,0.000048919464,0.036983322,0.46237576,0.048756327,0.04591028,0.021806054,0.31500244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000527993,0.0008089301,0.69586015,0.00007104264,0.000030087383,0.0000023569667,0.0001955811,0.2910112,0.0068702484,0.0041367696,0.00036143317,0.0001241788],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010270113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014240054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63109463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028379225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000014553208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47004718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895889653","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2438","title":"Can we detect ecosystem critical transitions and signals of changing resilience from paleo‐ecological records?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University; University of Ottawa","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Varve; Regime shift; Smoothing; Geology; Ecosystem; Ecology; Climate change; Environmental science; Sediment; Paleontology; Statistics; Oceanography; Biology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007193645600025816,"score_gpt":0.22135485686041453,"score_spread":0.21416121126038873,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2895889653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98320454,0.00020401941,0.0017102652,0.00076027313,0.00020502583,0.00020354308,0.0001239756,0.000035981604,0.01355235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99713576,0.00007310036,0.0023944804,0.00006780267,0.000082009894,0.00001926634,0.00000227741,0.000011724834,0.00021358221],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985091,0.000110779285,0.00032472686,0.00045168662,0.00021540873,0.0003883081],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923134,0.00024453495,0.00008201135,0.00025237666,0.00002021482,0.0001695361],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028108188,0.00015397789,0.000253672,0.000020980659,0.0002686514,0.000032051084,0.00024769834,0.000120997036,0.0070801745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008644735,0.00012914739,0.000060488397,0.00025607707,0.0003416502,0.00011885958,0.0001239898,0.00011462027,0.0002589475],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005753474,0.0021775046,0.2128293,0.0014140152,0.00034549276,0.00089526264,0.024951225,0.007339315,0.49894375,0.008773726,0.017084673,0.22467038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002310143,0.004744928,0.44779772,0.0024328034,0.0002954184,0.00035059114,0.0150190145,0.41536802,0.05255947,0.047830876,0.007965329,0.0033256782],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028833153,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01781967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44638428,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006727836,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014660803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9943794},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896431080","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2478","title":"Experimental test of water, nutrients, and microclimate on leaf litter mass loss in headwater riparian forests","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia Graduate School; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","keywords":"Riparian zone; Transect; Environmental science; Litter; Riparian forest; Plant litter; Nutrient; Microclimate; STREAMS; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecology; Agronomy; Habitat; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.0066175955932001726,"score_gpt":0.2181486930016416,"score_spread":0.21153109740844145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896431080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99059004,0.000059861748,0.000014643542,0.00023673294,0.00006929331,0.00012799287,0.0000064419255,0.000014132788,0.008880852],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988826,0.000012580938,0.00017094104,0.00030734835,0.000028195313,0.000013033584,0.000010629067,0.0000113986625,0.00056327303],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991173,0.000015864474,0.0001942739,0.0002780064,0.00010267466,0.0002918954],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975485,0.000016761855,0.00002903972,0.00013865286,0.0000035277349,0.00005719059],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000098655706,0.0001274059,0.00014362865,0.000012907986,0.00006709553,0.00000898699,0.00012611481,0.00008403089,0.008089975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002785443,0.00009387518,0.000021349397,0.000053983855,0.00030874484,0.0001540377,0.000047889596,0.00007935923,0.0009956543],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015602006,0.0004087931,0.8856341,0.000025293026,0.0000071202544,0.000028913466,0.0015663932,0.00002980415,0.11044738,0.000013483247,0.0014658018,0.00021690338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009608181,0.0004682936,0.15734506,0.00003134229,0.0000047883523,0.000004936019,0.000056731064,0.00006903765,0.83421844,0.00033892444,0.006354282,0.00014734751],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009804695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00048928254,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.728289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000029904524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002555731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896848645","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2465","title":"Natal habitat conditions have carryover effects on dispersal capacity and behavior","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Metapopulation; Habitat; Ecology; Context (archaeology); Biology; Mesocosm; Ecosystem; Population; Demography","score_opus":0.006417283269607216,"score_gpt":0.2167584965962312,"score_spread":0.21034121332662398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896848645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85624605,0.000005455816,0.000010315372,0.0002828734,0.00022747938,0.0001877171,0.000014529998,0.00002874145,0.14299685],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995796,0.0000047621597,0.0001385298,0.00090032985,0.000063214655,0.000055670775,0.000004519543,0.000006901077,0.0030300464],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994316,0.00002279858,0.00006052627,0.00022284222,0.00008350394,0.00017870995],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975187,0.000054050695,0.000023250417,0.00011883612,0.0000033573465,0.00004866126],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004830343,0.00009637027,0.00008695432,0.000005602369,0.00032154899,0.00001269248,0.00006881235,0.00004681122,0.0051802667],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027456452,0.00008648114,0.000022517235,0.000034222958,0.00040759204,0.00012065806,0.0001425804,0.000077185425,0.0023973752],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001186824,0.00009806116,0.45816997,0.000010317583,0.000023907322,0.00002042038,0.00033836704,0.0000022793954,0.00013520531,0.0004654951,0.5401169,0.0006072172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027815942,0.00027834822,0.99229825,0.000006150647,0.000038361977,0.0000025512081,0.00010525114,0.000044040626,0.0005413916,0.00025034643,0.006045164,0.000111979454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013563043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017594637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5341283,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055626588,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000012223251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99837935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897125680","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2458","title":"Pervasive moose browsing in boreal forests alters successional trajectories by severely suppressing keystone species","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Keystone species; Herbivore; Ecology; Ungulate; Understory; Taiga; Ecosystem; Deciduous; Biology; Ecosystem engineer; Foundation species; Habitat; Canopy","score_opus":0.014734663257691488,"score_gpt":0.21176741367215893,"score_spread":0.19703275041446744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897125680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98877394,0.00029444747,0.0000010260724,0.0013444994,0.00029285887,0.00011048217,0.00011716555,0.000046934096,0.009018665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974572,0.000039565664,0.00009321013,0.00020838194,0.00030248318,0.0000045665092,0.00009219575,9.836872e-7,0.0018013947],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989207,0.000057435736,0.00016891902,0.0003117388,0.00015809713,0.00038314596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999598,0.00015192459,0.00007457238,0.000041901596,0.0000637597,0.0000698316],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010360274,0.00016630423,0.00020516082,0.000007454287,0.0005931348,0.000058339287,0.00023210251,0.00013201506,0.0021059255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004936666,0.00007270674,0.000068466004,0.00021327176,0.0003950962,0.0002626039,0.00013903707,0.00014061024,0.00013881015],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017471846,0.00012542032,0.8076785,0.000009262497,0.000029621031,0.000027313576,0.0007425052,0.0000026864893,0.0030180018,0.00007702501,0.18383712,0.004277802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022858179,0.0002331181,0.98241246,0.000034840155,0.00000786155,0.00000568469,0.0012954,0.000025123618,0.0028522038,0.00030453916,0.01240651,0.0001937055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008680182,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030091422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1747339,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057121437,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011903137,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897544181","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2472","title":"Potential impacts of climate change on the habitat of boreal woodland caribou","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Northern British Columbia; Natural Resources Canada; University of Alberta; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Ecology; Habitat; Odocoileus; Boreal; Taiga; Geography; Climate change; Woodland; Threatened species; Vegetation (pathology); Grassland; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.010152171466702678,"score_gpt":0.21645383493390694,"score_spread":0.20630166346720424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897544181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95936847,0.0000122042275,0.0000040773953,0.0009796825,0.00013003295,0.00011896895,0.00002026387,0.0000068655613,0.039359458],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999241,0.000022560782,0.00008182112,0.00051385403,0.00006438903,0.0000075878584,0.000004953216,0.0000047208155,0.000059145794],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950045,0.00003963159,0.000115910625,0.00009909784,0.00010172476,0.00014317741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996698,0.00003797616,0.00009629457,0.00016076455,0.000008952423,0.000026192522],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017316388,0.00005866716,0.00008117998,0.0000041605135,0.000079197074,0.0000036050071,0.00011998031,0.000052809508,0.0033681898],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024963343,0.000039768354,0.000032436856,0.000078254634,0.00020672055,0.00007800954,0.000062205094,0.000050951247,0.00037462852],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008190788,0.000071107206,0.96423924,0.000007475768,0.000012337732,0.0000016792256,0.0004979871,0.000011864921,0.00030049283,0.00043434874,0.03068633,0.0036552327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014952524,0.00022077654,0.9976324,0.0000116484825,0.000009068119,0.0000013229773,0.000061345934,0.00022025061,0.0008735791,0.0003853185,0.0003921209,0.00004264311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006707568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003731635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03987252,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019326617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005429721,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99754286},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897571312","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2467","title":"Impact of multiple disturbances and stress on the temporal trajectories and resilience of benthic intertidal communities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Species richness; Canopy; Species evenness; Intertidal zone; Ecology; Environmental science; Benthic zone; Biomass (ecology); Ecosystem; Plant community; Biology","score_opus":0.014457321404040128,"score_gpt":0.2216395769262623,"score_spread":0.20718225552222216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897571312","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888998,0.0004068333,0.0000017972471,0.00003505896,0.000043426364,0.000050474286,0.00029205787,0.0000040335453,0.010266512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996761,0.0000713658,0.000020868049,0.0000133160465,0.000025089073,2.8753223e-7,0.000027659831,8.2777154e-7,0.00016450469],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99963224,0.000057812544,0.00010329343,0.000065248605,0.000053203305,0.00008819526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994834,0.0003141815,0.000061367915,0.00009692996,0.00002062456,0.000023485389],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008373654,0.00006511095,0.00011079835,0.000007927528,0.00007908574,0.000012715662,0.00011168154,0.000026051042,0.0008709036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026368985,0.000034415374,0.000019150975,0.00004057441,0.00048198886,0.000058726855,0.000022799693,0.000064027816,0.0000026918262],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012409964,0.000008936385,0.986623,0.000014894504,0.000012737843,3.6940637e-7,0.0006824692,0.000011208076,0.000015940515,0.0000496848,0.0003518342,0.012104833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000840365,0.0009141627,0.99528587,0.00003282111,0.000003028637,0.0000029272587,0.0019999337,0.0008325939,0.00046077906,0.0001656112,0.00017296533,0.00004530153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03980099,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.19312939,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1533284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":6.133462e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013156789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.966593},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897595764","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2460","title":"Spatial distribution of life‐history traits and their response to environmental gradients across multiple marine taxa","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Villum Fonden","keywords":"Ecology; Taxon; Spatial distribution; Geography; Biology; Life history theory; Distribution (mathematics); Environmental change; Life history; Climate change","score_opus":0.012121053636979925,"score_gpt":0.20675169388374887,"score_spread":0.19463064024676893,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897595764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99800694,0.00012459035,0.000022888238,0.000100333345,0.0001773889,0.0001400072,0.0003432928,0.0000101711385,0.0010744144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99866766,0.000014540741,0.00004123795,0.00008537956,0.00008789256,0.0000019221668,0.00018157538,0.0000020967507,0.00091769634],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992038,0.00012601171,0.0001341406,0.00020777406,0.00006135724,0.00026691507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954647,0.00015534199,0.000043928987,0.00008586359,0.000010899247,0.0001575085],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037663072,0.00008982697,0.0001324991,0.000009639217,0.00013688723,0.000004983356,0.00012355465,0.00008982899,0.012972342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016348132,0.000071692666,0.00002525328,0.00003678648,0.00031466188,0.000054442575,0.00006426064,0.000090772235,0.00043980678],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017613947,0.000029238185,0.95448655,0.0000048141333,0.000019617319,0.0000022734512,0.00040903565,0.0000056074396,0.000242822,7.807175e-7,0.005231396,0.03780647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039349854,0.0006338324,0.96902925,0.0000018638094,0.0000017146016,0.0000049414066,0.00013597168,0.0009816885,0.00012738553,0.000020866528,0.028592154,0.00007682606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014084965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028667064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037729643,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001499586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030366087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98905724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2897935257","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2454","title":"Site conditions are more important than abundance for explaining plant invasion impacts on soil nitrogen cycling","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University; Garden Club of America; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nitrogen cycle; Understory; Invasive species; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Cycling; Nitrification; Biomass (ecology); Ecology; Mineralization (soil science); Basal area; Biology; Nitrogen; Soil water; Forestry; Canopy; Geography; Chemistry","score_opus":0.02281989046758981,"score_gpt":0.2465790780850698,"score_spread":0.22375918761747998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2897935257","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968882,0.00012316734,0.0000039014126,0.0006865755,0.00019209652,0.00023779948,0.00063261774,0.00011793358,0.0011177133],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99785054,0.00003346174,0.00013446203,0.00073417905,0.000628504,0.000039569954,0.00045155038,0.0000038713038,0.00012384751],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885017,0.00002581918,0.0002295951,0.00033218885,0.00017122638,0.0003910048],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992721,0.00019811705,0.0002001125,0.00008634686,0.00008031374,0.0001630055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017195445,0.00018792039,0.00019940626,0.000007469175,0.00046168535,0.00007315474,0.00017213316,0.00011971902,0.00034567682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000771621,0.000082878,0.00014654906,0.0001624672,0.00006326557,0.00010444974,0.000042276828,0.00011430414,0.00012215802],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010549872,0.00060251943,0.43550372,0.00008671862,0.0002324453,0.00012914995,0.0021059164,0.00018381258,0.43987426,0.001747174,0.10851748,0.009961822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021704799,0.003933966,0.7715423,0.00081124034,0.00013968098,0.00011215663,0.009810053,0.054359745,0.134028,0.0070755356,0.013877884,0.0021389592],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019800912,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0146961305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3360386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004616409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014238572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82007855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2899619030","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2475","title":"Detecting species at low densities: a new theoretical framework and an empirical test on an invasive zooplankton","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Zooplankton; Abundance (ecology); Statistics; Ecology; Biology; Sample (material); Mathematics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.011901205615293115,"score_gpt":0.25249816976995326,"score_spread":0.24059696415466014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2899619030","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92739725,0.00000741401,0.00015196773,0.0007534057,0.00012386397,0.00012788863,0.0000024428816,0.000059807495,0.07137595],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99191993,0.000021528549,0.001911113,0.0033392473,0.0002808047,0.0000063113557,0.0000022292952,0.000013211226,0.0025056284],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990339,0.000054162505,0.00011365155,0.00038323144,0.00012658843,0.00028846593],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991617,0.0004216216,0.000040979914,0.00023011681,0.000005648678,0.00013991128],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012953262,0.00014776319,0.00014253192,0.000008597952,0.00049409433,0.000039523296,0.00014145186,0.00011646381,0.019724483],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037861074,0.00012632349,0.000020096459,0.00008419639,0.00082954945,0.00016512831,0.00034362118,0.00015471107,0.0016416992],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016418567,0.00021616975,0.692812,0.000015622212,0.000034521843,0.000058957972,0.007381332,0.000030321366,0.00023356428,0.0038390034,0.2930964,0.0021178739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030612852,0.0023606513,0.9649992,0.00004292253,0.00002763671,0.0000133051,0.0028373024,0.0005256314,0.0013546388,0.022124328,0.005077716,0.000330528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028300225,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0093467515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28801867,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000094885734,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069250173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901343033","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2490","title":"Epifaunal diversity patterns within and among seagrass meadows suggest landscape‐scale biodiversity processes","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; McGill University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","keywords":"Seascape; Seagrass; Biodiversity; Ecology; Zostera marina; Abundance (ecology); Spatial ecology; Habitat; Geography; Beta diversity; Ecosystem; Abiotic component; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.008825634199006784,"score_gpt":0.1699942753007794,"score_spread":0.16116864110177262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901343033","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95041543,0.00007950938,0.00002108283,0.00009917841,0.0001744998,0.00008317884,0.00037902713,0.00004435913,0.048703734],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977852,0.000053296506,0.000082592866,0.00018365888,0.00012236618,2.3109492e-7,0.00019237289,0.0000011841216,0.0015791093],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99922395,0.000038318747,0.00010032789,0.0002790671,0.00012140033,0.00023695218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957585,0.0000533815,0.00006533346,0.000103985374,0.000062360195,0.00013910828],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012963286,0.00012346485,0.00014672721,0.000018207938,0.00042323724,0.000059934497,0.00019287827,0.0000878205,0.008167413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020540765,0.000099002136,0.000024188039,0.00011620203,0.00015344073,0.0002691944,0.00014906202,0.00011136023,0.00057261623],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046665016,0.000010561942,0.9823023,0.00003295179,0.000014553817,0.000018713221,0.00031064326,0.000005817055,0.0000013496002,0.0000014248029,0.0108328,0.0064221905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021755889,0.0002146536,0.99514866,0.000011207794,0.000018158264,0.000017548511,0.00060610747,0.00036544842,0.000092572285,0.00010161522,0.0030409812,0.00016547488],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025709465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.41073927,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3850298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000017042266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002554355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99273926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2901842557","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2505","title":"An 11,000‐yr record of diatom assemblage responses to climate and terrestrial vegetation changes, southwestern Québec","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Diatom; Holocene; Tsuga; Ecology; Tundra; Fragilaria; Macrofossil; Geology; Environmental science; Oceanography; Ecosystem; Phytoplankton; Nutrient; Biology","score_opus":0.02279816961184385,"score_gpt":0.2719897294436348,"score_spread":0.24919155983179095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2901842557","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99565136,0.00028254185,0.000013622252,0.0005096494,0.00032113004,0.0001757727,0.000046372046,0.000030971176,0.0029685562],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885684,0.000050131104,0.0004930004,0.00015806925,0.00019867628,0.000002821177,0.00004041532,0.000004130627,0.00019591658],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878854,0.0002885539,0.00018106679,0.00027857698,0.0001210924,0.00034218276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992078,0.00029057483,0.00007789145,0.00022060095,0.000038993538,0.00016415764],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004830189,0.000114286115,0.00019936169,0.000057109297,0.00017605322,0.000031458334,0.00018614111,0.00013326101,0.0019106],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010062396,0.00009883526,0.000022056554,0.00013182426,0.0001813828,0.00013598197,0.000020343787,0.00010146084,0.00074988924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004796046,0.000013186947,0.9905394,0.00002065239,0.000009376792,0.0000132956175,0.0006768781,0.000007042416,0.00005542954,0.000006347603,0.0002942543,0.007884556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033948116,0.0009343643,0.99481404,0.00002187953,0.000011222115,0.000016695112,0.0002148092,0.00061809656,0.00021902999,0.000076402604,0.0026185964,0.00011540262],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012616052,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.81978005,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.807164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000012234732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000733054,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902116063","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2518","title":"Species interactions cause non‐additive effects of multiple environmental stressors on communities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stressor; Facilitation; Interspecific competition; Ecology; Species richness; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Cumulative effects; Competition (biology)","score_opus":0.008434682395945938,"score_gpt":0.2226405382405729,"score_spread":0.21420585584462695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902116063","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92273337,0.000011184257,0.00005760946,0.00004818201,0.00025226365,0.00013499497,0.000042403404,0.000014921038,0.07670508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99377614,0.00005870319,0.00022442812,0.00011273317,0.000036256388,0.000024623807,0.000018014793,0.00000861215,0.0057404586],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994815,0.000053111464,0.00012270096,0.00011138712,0.00009165378,0.00013964454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992862,0.0004281952,0.000082620376,0.00016885705,0.0000041666785,0.000029976427],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003675805,0.00010444533,0.00011909438,0.000011965145,0.0002810368,0.0000059306753,0.00012321764,0.00003647308,0.008231275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000300575,0.000097309625,0.000040662337,0.000047427697,0.0006286722,0.00011742543,0.00014502865,0.00011874414,0.0019175503],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017368946,0.001551135,0.8722058,0.00004662743,0.0004084075,0.000021641506,0.032503188,0.0020946758,0.00848483,0.00059422455,0.07754748,0.004368283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038938381,0.00036064774,0.9764279,0.00003286598,0.000020734122,0.0000015305461,0.0044724983,0.0021218515,0.012502561,0.0001431084,0.0033967479,0.00013017491],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016985375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012999316,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10422208,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000097288575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002271628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988596},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902746217","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2520","title":"The ecological stoichiometry and interrelationship between litter and soil under seasonal snowfall in Tianshan Mountain","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of British Columbia; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Litter; Environmental science; Snow; Plant litter; Soil water; Ecosystem; Nutrient; Nutrient cycle; Biogeochemical cycle; Terrestrial ecosystem; Ecological stoichiometry; Cycling; Ecology; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil science; Biology; Forestry; Geography; Geology","score_opus":0.017702962728834818,"score_gpt":0.23170578661372424,"score_spread":0.21400282388488942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902746217","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993752,0.00031101733,0.000002934151,0.0027153357,0.00005290911,0.000081469494,0.000010271051,0.000029362353,0.0030447196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99895287,0.000032336327,0.000031765005,0.00038596708,0.00023637868,0.0000064289106,0.000012278764,9.747697e-7,0.00034099468],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999283,0.00009056721,0.00012810333,0.00020137646,0.00008994273,0.00020700021],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938375,0.0004441401,0.000033037668,0.00003835753,0.000023117269,0.000077610195],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028138183,0.000095102376,0.000099646146,0.0000053072517,0.00022606447,0.000096405805,0.000113063965,0.00011191039,0.00021061287],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050632996,0.00003344824,0.000025604066,0.00019869136,0.00018354773,0.000058644797,0.00009699318,0.00016177833,0.00004023582],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022477314,0.00002796605,0.96130013,0.0000021494293,0.000014930483,0.0000021280962,0.000088314024,0.0000010504883,0.00022477318,0.0010991038,0.0013572652,0.035859723],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011616177,0.0001435725,0.9915445,0.00000661022,0.0000053058006,0.0000042791894,0.0004466796,0.0017726785,0.000020492389,0.004385012,0.0014603203,0.000094400326],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014951894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025134899,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.035765324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002689105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056509257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99265385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2902965712","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2510","title":"Trophic cues promote secondary migrations of bivalve recruits in a highly dynamic temperate intertidal system","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Région Normandie; Agence de l'Eau Seine-Normandie; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle","keywords":"Trophic level; Intertidal zone; Benthic zone; Ecology; Biological dispersal; Environmental science; Pelagic zone; Oceanography; Biology; Geology; Population","score_opus":0.007835202344254118,"score_gpt":0.23416600245247196,"score_spread":0.22633080010821785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2902965712","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92773294,0.00013550553,0.000021067612,0.00030578102,0.00013616245,0.0002644641,0.0000148733125,0.000044111956,0.07134508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950076,0.000021685672,0.0007015946,0.000042498406,0.000051901923,0.000033131153,0.0000060212924,0.000013107793,0.0041225017],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998966,0.0000605287,0.00031879495,0.00028587467,0.00014984039,0.00021897918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960417,0.000014529495,0.000097827266,0.00021574069,0.000020744103,0.000046991423],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001406847,0.00015326058,0.00022326669,0.000019137184,0.00010455802,0.000018582357,0.00019144441,0.000061948645,0.0017835182],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025774403,0.000119640135,0.000077921315,0.00026557042,0.00018747257,0.00015634093,0.00019107896,0.00013386195,0.00077179045],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00044177743,0.0011887169,0.3298837,0.0013218317,0.0005842544,0.000116866635,0.030993806,0.00033201388,0.35401186,0.0019471712,0.18031865,0.098859325],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013671274,0.0009520347,0.9369852,0.000592149,0.00006044341,0.000031139505,0.0029543638,0.0042752004,0.017728794,0.00061438343,0.033708632,0.00073053077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007632827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018085862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6071015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013051997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016791346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904985653","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2473","title":"Environmental filtering along a broad‐scale acidity gradient shapes the structure of odonate communities","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Espace pour la vie; Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Concordia University","keywords":"Biome; Ecology; Community structure; Geography; Biology; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.010613629607613178,"score_gpt":0.2054407282576411,"score_spread":0.19482709865002792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904985653","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949794,0.000024027358,0.00007199857,0.00009841412,0.00016764228,0.00015123062,0.000041975316,0.000017447946,0.0044478807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983596,0.00000868078,0.0006467344,0.00022863351,0.000048423717,0.0000045145807,0.000009405511,0.000011136517,0.00068282883],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99918884,0.000091119546,0.00018955149,0.00014083674,0.00015602351,0.00023365712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954337,0.00004620063,0.000097516255,0.00026719,0.0000027017409,0.000043002063],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011113445,0.00013294323,0.0001363691,0.00000514453,0.00038165893,0.000012980114,0.00039282674,0.00008093334,0.10853264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000041736453,0.00009349085,0.00005318598,0.000056703466,0.00092732196,0.0001433793,0.0003404109,0.00017029778,0.0015019306],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011148356,0.00056245946,0.60376364,0.000033859535,0.000113671675,0.000018304529,0.030736078,0.0009718317,0.24515104,0.00013453378,0.08166226,0.036740813],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003288797,0.00025010156,0.92798465,0.000015384812,0.000044773657,0.000029449186,0.0038921614,0.0018855515,0.05962466,0.0010802833,0.00461358,0.000250515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006346808,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011003078,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.324221,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007308321,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005157895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2907077623","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2533","title":"An indicator‐based decision framework for the northern California red abalone fishery","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami; Nature Conservancy of Canada; Nature Conservancy; University of Miami","keywords":"Abalone; Fishing; Fishery; Decision tree; Stock assessment; Fisheries management; Stock (firearms); Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Geography; Computer science; Biology","score_opus":0.009432658326093928,"score_gpt":0.251421734794572,"score_spread":0.2419890764684781,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2907077623","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87023073,0.000025480884,0.01877538,0.0012193075,0.00023734017,0.0009584414,0.000044965916,0.00006349503,0.10844486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98447895,0.0000133853,0.012488239,0.00075522147,0.00010630922,0.00009009756,0.000030465839,0.000037392812,0.0019999444],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880314,0.0000339743,0.0001605812,0.00032525495,0.0003560996,0.00032093382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987636,0.00038089376,0.000056403303,0.00066919584,0.000009409628,0.000120476536],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003052155,0.00011867152,0.00012235953,0.0000071130403,0.00018603136,0.00007563995,0.00055806007,0.00012105022,0.09882938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009310268,0.00008035283,0.00007377306,0.00017322443,0.00007821782,0.00013228561,0.00013603669,0.00021849253,0.004261736],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001859793,0.000112517686,0.708454,0.0000109640705,0.000012991565,0.0000031954457,0.000076798104,0.0007913079,0.000105258776,0.000037547463,0.049497146,0.24071226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00058696885,0.00028305064,0.22679934,0.000010182116,0.000009708598,0.0000013556365,0.00015051196,0.02260163,0.00014108366,0.0032004793,0.7459674,0.00024827212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034710276,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022886572,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69647026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089472174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023793074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99651355},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2910500353","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2567","title":"Evaluating the popularity of R in ecology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":193,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Center For Environmental Assessment; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Popularity; Scripting language; Ecology; Field (mathematics); Workflow; Computer science; Data science; Psychology; Biology; Mathematics; Database","score_opus":0.04558260564761931,"score_gpt":0.3157480880982247,"score_spread":0.2701654824506054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2910500353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.78648394,0.000014269832,4.6712358e-7,0.00023976488,0.000071408555,0.00008656958,0.0000035093547,0.0000039573265,0.21309613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99832386,0.000004434369,0.000036608522,0.00014081382,0.0000037104132,0.00000491205,0.000004073696,0.0000021599035,0.001479449],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958456,0.000036782516,0.00009311709,0.0000876059,0.00009511262,0.00010283476],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997875,0.000027016478,0.00003822564,0.0001325182,0.000002512713,0.000012221624],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023782828,0.000033869797,0.000060988037,0.0000018045599,0.000019912255,0.0000035500416,0.00011674826,0.000028193555,0.35894978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029801764,0.00002421273,0.000021013058,0.00009369961,0.000036059482,0.000033294808,0.000082956634,0.000055497138,0.0057770666],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010444505,0.000058701648,0.97852695,0.000005671842,0.0000020106145,6.5842113e-7,0.00016527623,0.00033285958,0.0033691698,0.0015287423,0.013183002,0.0028165276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016658453,0.000052377178,0.9949188,0.0000018095293,0.0000012519704,7.8931464e-7,0.00061573205,0.0005694132,0.0002448078,0.00027127226,0.0031250806,0.000032030315],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034964387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003399556,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35317272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013066031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032313785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.994997},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2911576575","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2584","title":"Could restoration of a landscape to a pre‐European historical vegetation condition reduce burn probability?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta; Alberta Innovates; Alberta Agriculture and Forestry","keywords":"Vegetation (pathology); Grassland; Environmental science; Baseline (sea); Climate change; Physical geography; Fire regime; Forest restoration; Geography; Ecology; Forest ecology; Ecosystem; Geology","score_opus":0.007240562122088256,"score_gpt":0.21438686125690223,"score_spread":0.20714629913481397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2911576575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9327329,0.00003588469,0.00029164122,0.00019073287,0.0003559757,0.00075941696,0.0000027333253,0.00004986036,0.06558088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99640656,9.092274e-7,0.0007973147,0.00004901532,0.00005110979,0.00002834856,0.000013890162,0.00001772575,0.0026351458],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99882895,0.00017877336,0.00026624952,0.0002999688,0.00027903926,0.00014701487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993963,0.000046946065,0.00014474032,0.0003148428,0.00001833155,0.000078828656],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044662892,0.00010286957,0.00015240988,0.000014147093,0.000034889963,0.00001612922,0.00014442438,0.000053019023,0.0017647527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009394503,0.00009971315,0.00004051104,0.00020038392,0.000015301637,0.0002469123,0.00005279265,0.000086217085,0.0051029967],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004388058,0.0008988322,0.18464565,0.00081276847,0.000046759193,0.000017430279,0.0067370394,0.038101662,0.33209598,0.00041518308,0.40264863,0.033141248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010426895,0.001354913,0.9175905,0.00019790375,0.000025992706,0.000012742537,0.00007504455,0.015839575,0.0051640067,0.00043434338,0.05780151,0.0004607878],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034046642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00041962598,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73294485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005819689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001113166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991478},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2912055879","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2581","title":"Influence of phylogeny and abiotic factors varies across early and late reproductive phenology of Himalayan<i>Rhododendrons</i>","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Montreal Biodome","funders":"National Centre for Biological Sciences; Department of Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal","keywords":"Phenology; Abiotic component; Biology; Phylogenetic tree; Altitude (triangle); Ecology; Context (archaeology); Biotic component","score_opus":0.015282291958773146,"score_gpt":0.19877990393487702,"score_spread":0.18349761197610387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2912055879","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99828833,0.00090392504,2.966561e-8,0.0000761247,0.000019112125,0.00010063198,0.000090607355,0.000012307819,0.0005089545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995099,0.0001820516,0.000021252252,0.000012956169,0.000019241967,9.686603e-7,0.00000224844,6.3442525e-7,0.00025077723],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993647,0.000023136212,0.00014251543,0.00024123937,0.00006258724,0.00016586039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996624,0.00013111159,0.00010747147,0.000029362964,0.00004208722,0.00002758311],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000079161466,0.000099157776,0.0002451438,0.0000019356212,0.000071751216,0.0000111193485,0.00008575549,0.000058789145,0.000059404076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039706367,0.000039897077,0.000025516914,0.00008547963,0.00020466161,0.00008054504,0.00012384837,0.000060209237,0.000008726462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031506206,0.000017393979,0.62567073,0.00001962133,0.000024266064,6.883118e-7,0.0008909121,0.000006312457,0.37219545,0.00011960921,0.000022190441,0.0010012977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008242273,0.00031822475,0.98683435,0.00001780112,0.00000742629,0.000002542139,0.00062116934,0.0000024584708,0.011325524,0.0003935149,0.00030866484,0.00008590444],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00051373476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00064434117,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.36116362,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000032569853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022549584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.16269556},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913409255","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2598","title":"Thermal disruption of soil bacterial assemblages decreases diversity and assemblage similarity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Oregon State University; U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Mesocosm; Species richness; Ecology; Taxon; Assemblage (archaeology); Biology; Similarity (geometry); Extinction (optical mineralogy); Null model; Ecosystem; Paleontology","score_opus":0.009149982899335496,"score_gpt":0.207306161945427,"score_spread":0.1981561790460915,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913409255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.981988,0.000013761984,0.0000054103975,0.00003647524,0.00011988517,0.00009916835,0.000007777521,0.000014124421,0.017715408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99948615,0.000020477242,0.00006065202,0.00007663272,0.00001776236,8.47871e-7,0.000018484216,0.000004265716,0.0003147473],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941975,0.00015470201,0.000093453455,0.00014512126,0.000053559826,0.0001334251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959224,0.000101253245,0.00006779739,0.00019095295,0.00000475545,0.0000429807],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001460224,0.00008330101,0.00014786051,0.0000046418986,0.00025244022,0.0000055284495,0.00017112635,0.00010398041,0.030064896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019507539,0.000078551006,0.000036542024,0.000040640647,0.00011802973,0.00016173375,0.0010981027,0.0001139169,0.00034337706],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016885938,0.00019564897,0.53524333,0.000027057422,0.000024578581,0.0000025481795,0.0006707764,0.0004089543,0.45640904,0.00008790377,0.005522539,0.001238768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003081928,0.00013226313,0.99156266,0.000005409798,0.000012837833,0.0000015676911,0.000077931814,0.00013392436,0.0066197063,0.0003191637,0.00072553736,0.00010079337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012172653,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037463475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45631936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023797056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004953279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97082174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913698626","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2597","title":"Wildlife mortality on roads and railways following highway mitigation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Odocoileus; Wildlife; Fencing; Habitat; Geography; Ungulate; Ecology; Canis; Population; National park; Ursus; Environmental science; Fishery; Demography; Biology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.007432226280477164,"score_gpt":0.2231722132785439,"score_spread":0.21573998699806674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913698626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8909436,0.00001465496,0.00004432175,0.00060246274,0.0003358164,0.00015242524,0.00000231291,0.00004479787,0.10785962],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926224,0.000005421243,0.0003551904,0.001139203,0.000039768544,0.000012601221,0.00001115271,0.000010496939,0.0058037625],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923867,0.000030059102,0.0001456034,0.00026022745,0.00018589808,0.00013954296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996245,0.000035371395,0.000059162674,0.00021817794,0.0000039590554,0.0000588154],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012727253,0.00010003577,0.00009632481,0.00000752038,0.000100110396,0.000046933445,0.000075006916,0.000052682033,0.0067163925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019151292,0.000093914736,0.000052872805,0.00009742418,0.0000232711,0.00038863695,0.000044662225,0.000092745955,0.0038649095],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001569602,0.00007926549,0.88931996,0.000008076578,0.000033644883,0.000004087513,0.00020915741,0.00096735236,0.004136456,0.00086094916,0.095167264,0.009198095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029085556,0.00007396149,0.94894725,0.000026225134,0.000011229325,0.0000019167499,0.000095237825,0.0030320373,0.00047989373,0.0003941595,0.04649289,0.00015432388],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037672324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00022328894,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.102055855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085298736,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063132093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9969107},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913953825","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2600","title":"Incorporating biophysical gradients and uncertainty into burn severity maps in a temperate fire‐prone forested region","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Canopy; Temperate climate; Physical geography; Ecology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.005174161203748244,"score_gpt":0.19618902531089757,"score_spread":0.19101486410714932,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913953825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956924,0.000027651558,0.000010716851,0.00014394867,0.0001739422,0.0006240276,0.0000033187157,0.00005126845,0.0032727418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988372,0.0000049523937,0.000319155,0.00007214574,0.00003294383,0.00003502241,0.000013428553,0.000022015547,0.0006631855],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986181,0.00012744569,0.00025445412,0.00048749807,0.00020833223,0.00030412438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993979,0.00005634442,0.00012238462,0.00030438407,0.000006685446,0.00011231954],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002569548,0.00019489435,0.00026139524,0.00001260547,0.0000848573,0.00004759586,0.00017417039,0.00010533151,0.00029328806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038698738,0.00017680314,0.00003571603,0.00031718521,0.00008630085,0.0003504679,0.00021368243,0.00019923755,0.0014155924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009333007,0.00019400263,0.96296227,0.00015843082,0.000014262537,0.000062253166,0.0009563706,0.0016244457,0.009567161,0.0000847637,0.005322359,0.018960336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001641395,0.0003803387,0.7267606,0.00024018988,0.000008072048,0.00003269265,0.000240142,0.26615986,0.0005586958,0.002168742,0.0012521587,0.00055710785],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0070520267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061210855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2645354,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003166195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011110967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2913984436","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2563","title":"Life in a northern town: rural villages in the boreal forest are islands of habitat for an endangered bat","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Yukon Department of Environment; University of Calgary","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Foraging; Habitat; Endangered species; Ecology; Taiga; Geography; Wildlife; Boreal; Myotis lucifugus; Biology","score_opus":0.015329319783485819,"score_gpt":0.2166719091312889,"score_spread":0.20134258934780308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2913984436","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9924371,0.0003760319,1.1667566e-7,0.0026684448,0.000097684904,0.000334046,0.00004280937,0.000009906709,0.004033839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991064,0.000044114764,0.00001205327,0.0005465497,0.00008508889,0.000053394466,0.00004753042,7.260888e-7,0.00010411428],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993165,0.00006860264,0.00017627238,0.00015925402,0.000045499088,0.00023386731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950254,0.00030811614,0.00007820672,0.000056022185,0.000027074222,0.000028068669],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023482525,0.00009945743,0.00022595374,0.000004524858,0.00006514422,0.000008344543,0.00022726832,0.0001283685,0.00012330236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008231114,0.000032259723,0.000059417107,0.000119046184,0.00006174781,0.000065404325,0.00003651354,0.00008926474,0.00002004896],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000112809765,0.00008017501,0.990902,0.000007083124,0.000009813514,0.0000011121841,0.00047086462,0.0000062784425,0.00040265493,0.000035171186,0.0044443724,0.00352763],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032856627,0.0005594707,0.98924506,0.0000143049465,0.0000036096026,0.0000013098106,0.007833052,0.000030848063,0.000026844473,0.00049376284,0.0013786765,0.000084484534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006128124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.69375134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6931385,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010978688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007098673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31183693},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2917562055","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2603","title":"The plant diversity sampling design for The National Ecological Observatory Network","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Climate change; Diversity (politics); Environmental resource management; Plant community; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Environmental science; Biology; Species richness","score_opus":0.1344794479123969,"score_gpt":0.25568159188419765,"score_spread":0.12120214397180074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2917562055","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87913096,0.0003364609,0.0036664312,0.0032618484,0.0012857198,0.0012560701,0.00017168494,0.00008297813,0.11080786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946305,0.00009449709,0.00041765516,0.0016882143,0.00012940349,0.000046500187,0.000025471154,0.0000057468123,0.0029620123],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941397,0.000025402162,0.000068256224,0.00012120434,0.00017577346,0.00019539574],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991778,0.00066384586,0.000038262056,0.00008275037,0.0000086799355,0.000028674447],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044373237,0.00005600483,0.00004709543,5.335756e-7,0.00089956296,0.00003466202,0.00026987088,0.000037679878,0.052561764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045023644,0.000030574807,0.000047559184,0.000053773074,0.00006410805,0.0000471345,0.00027060194,0.00006135343,0.002595483],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000037149297,0.000022422175,0.02544855,0.0000013205705,0.000011828921,2.0327332e-7,0.00004101468,0.008844119,0.000026590025,0.0041649127,0.96096975,0.00043214904],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013885486,0.0000272106,0.55763555,0.0000011593015,0.0000042140723,7.639784e-7,0.0003374052,0.002826147,0.000008958814,0.0010367583,0.4379266,0.000056393703],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001550608,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024513307,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.532187,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025946295,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006269225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920902152","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2625","title":"Chronic fertilization and irrigation gradually and increasingly restructure grassland communities","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; University of Minnesota; Deutsches Zentrum für integrative Biodiversitätsforschung Halle-Jena-Leipzig; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Species richness; Irrigation; Grassland; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Plant community; Growing season; Biodiversity; Resource (disambiguation); Biology","score_opus":0.0043990494730755236,"score_gpt":0.19547359261083078,"score_spread":0.19107454313775526,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920902152","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9650717,0.00027661334,0.000041938572,0.00024013451,0.00005596279,0.00011741056,0.0000020328555,0.000020852616,0.03417338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985018,0.00012792312,0.0003274957,0.00006972306,0.000011878466,0.000004464448,0.000015994658,0.0000058665846,0.00093485037],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996207,0.000045494813,0.000081349266,0.00010406453,0.000056585715,0.00009185553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999788,0.000051070165,0.000043207103,0.00008734449,0.000005961537,0.000024409825],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007680822,0.00007153423,0.000078256366,0.0000065990616,0.0001877177,0.000023156586,0.00004370623,0.000053800053,0.00085255253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000073240153,0.00006470037,0.000007543281,0.000048294572,0.00012859108,0.00016088666,0.00008778894,0.00007707718,0.00008923006],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012440664,0.000006238112,0.9932731,0.000024824656,0.000014038258,5.5117994e-7,0.000836932,0.00061278767,0.00033505986,0.002169512,0.00054211525,0.002172427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002708228,0.00008255845,0.9808155,0.000012013487,0.000009471972,0.000007684926,0.0003146984,0.006333658,0.000020336442,0.011504126,0.00054650655,0.000082638886],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018515627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011707386,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03343013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044798722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005044652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9334852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2920962736","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2626","title":"Trails‐as‐transects: phenology monitoring across heterogeneous microclimates in Acadia National Park, Maine","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Krell Institute; McGill University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Phenology; Transect; Microclimate; Climate change; National park; Trophic level; Ecosystem; Ecology; Geography; Physical geography; Environmental science; Archaeology; Biology","score_opus":0.0172358358682641,"score_gpt":0.26671223543248535,"score_spread":0.24947639956422124,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2920962736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9135013,0.0001909078,0.0000023030282,0.00019778732,0.00025632774,0.00015115611,0.00008233585,0.00004209912,0.08557576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99816394,0.000119877965,0.00005332112,0.00022336327,0.00004283343,0.0000259126,0.00004040082,0.000015762365,0.0013145893],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987791,0.000025222651,0.00019955389,0.00031676,0.00021306815,0.00046629217],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969417,0.000037700935,0.000049300856,0.00013168849,0.000009242861,0.000077909055],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013488467,0.0001447852,0.00015073403,0.000008490464,0.00007351295,0.000037197555,0.00022073813,0.0001212604,0.16101807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017194357,0.00014741908,0.000056689983,0.00017346127,0.000074935066,0.00014507829,0.00008423912,0.00014537107,0.023815162],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020756343,0.0005484902,0.7930687,0.0000949078,0.00005637535,0.00010380963,0.004028276,0.003074451,0.17626818,0.0007446661,0.015464871,0.0063396893],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002394429,0.00019188564,0.88067377,0.00005221895,0.000007371599,0.00012116514,0.0075173103,0.00026605692,0.03964651,0.00081033603,0.06761624,0.00070273364],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018724795,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010042331,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13720292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005551115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000884096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9769449},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921112232","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2629","title":"Linking the ball‐and‐cup analogy and ordination trajectories to describe ecosystem stability, resistance, and resilience","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ordination; Analogy; Ecosystem; Ecology; Ball (mathematics); Ecological stability; Resistance (ecology); Environmental science; Computer science; Mathematics; Geometry; Biology","score_opus":0.004255243572460164,"score_gpt":0.188920684957873,"score_spread":0.18466544138541285,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921112232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9760028,0.000591171,0.00021991706,0.0004857855,0.000147275,0.00045356204,0.0000107575015,0.000022268441,0.022066465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99797034,0.00016393371,0.0005342097,0.00007911231,0.000020113133,0.00001671614,0.0000012376075,0.000010591627,0.001203727],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875337,0.000092751456,0.00021743614,0.00047431223,0.0002095493,0.00025258414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935627,0.0001594511,0.000074924,0.00028577345,0.0000150111955,0.00010857183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057372294,0.00014039547,0.00017776106,0.000012648572,0.00025716546,0.00011514604,0.00019816535,0.000068557594,0.0003084895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000452297,0.00009904849,0.000018886678,0.0002157783,0.000110829315,0.00022089093,0.00026650066,0.000105173945,0.00008434465],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059263726,0.000036268644,0.97378975,0.00030459664,0.000016223536,0.0000073345727,0.003505128,0.0006304785,0.004975979,0.0071533513,0.0016042215,0.007917417],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004121127,0.00019413389,0.9620873,0.00020559768,0.00001860951,0.000031416548,0.0024468517,0.011343571,0.00026916753,0.0022261266,0.020339496,0.00042566477],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001518695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.033056255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032904387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009385166,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000115383045,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98458797},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921233813","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2607","title":"Offspring mass variation in tree swallows: A case of bet‐hedging?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Offspring; Variation (astronomy); Tree (set theory); Statistics; Biology; Ecology; Mathematics; Pregnancy","score_opus":0.003526006262182733,"score_gpt":0.19027033866757692,"score_spread":0.18674433240539418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921233813","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85672444,0.000009928444,0.00036790944,0.000059017515,0.00010865411,0.00015950209,5.43088e-7,0.000010978313,0.142559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950073,0.0000030622107,0.0017107783,0.000057481506,0.000006648897,0.000009138573,7.793816e-7,0.000005312971,0.0031994965],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994966,0.00002060283,0.0001325953,0.0001568129,0.000058607227,0.00013482505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997396,0.000019954512,0.00005416994,0.00016340075,0.0000016313306,0.000021276555],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001785513,0.000057084926,0.00008883755,0.000011117499,0.000019497857,0.0000041843264,0.00009190994,0.000044317483,0.011387454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010799821,0.00005748595,0.000023227129,0.00010397951,0.000022384636,0.00011960959,0.000084056766,0.00005868176,0.0020576317],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006936211,0.0003869256,0.8731211,0.000122028774,0.00005608679,0.0007851834,0.002490192,0.0708394,0.008452831,0.018678863,0.010586538,0.014411527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00069507066,0.00008776964,0.97463936,0.00001726321,0.000010278177,0.0000133378935,0.00022965667,0.016112506,0.00033050403,0.0048103253,0.002916237,0.00013771835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008480365,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007479188,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13935952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008993645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003573697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921234954","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2622","title":"Modeling multispecies predator–prey dynamics: predicting the outcomes of conservation actions for woodland caribou","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Predation; Threatened species; Population; Ecology; Endangered species; Vital rates; Woodland; Exclosure; Geography; Predator; Population model; Habitat; Biology; Population growth; Herbivore; Demography","score_opus":0.015887527966882562,"score_gpt":0.23374301389257157,"score_spread":0.217855485925689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921234954","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919185,0.000018364777,0.0034073566,0.00090766506,0.0002704749,0.00049086375,0.000047867463,0.000030031448,0.0029088524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969864,0.000008242441,0.0010826995,0.00024007524,0.000019954694,0.000056708966,0.00003987485,0.000009041505,0.0015570412],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936604,0.000028572598,0.00020423546,0.00016333774,0.00009980922,0.00013800547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994364,0.000222029,0.00009913027,0.00020207927,0.000020303914,0.000020049838],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019184554,0.00008173523,0.000116351155,0.000006104911,0.00017775835,0.000014756677,0.00014654957,0.00007547497,0.0010413225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010307941,0.00006266155,0.000054944343,0.00007327924,0.00005156472,0.00023776716,0.000058271733,0.00008324219,0.000103065315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014450867,0.000022273995,0.9535529,0.000008037157,0.000029213199,4.5793193e-8,0.0003063597,0.043371256,0.00004962661,0.00024693468,0.0018153642,0.0005835377],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021292089,0.000019843532,0.50062543,0.0000058607525,0.000013365948,5.2379494e-7,0.0008462012,0.4976925,0.000019457479,0.00027900492,0.00023634805,0.000048533682],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010302616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019912861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45432124,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008931607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016810041,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99987185},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2921734794","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2630","title":"Stability of native and exotic lady beetle populations in a diverse landscape","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Habitat; Biology; Generalist and specialist species; Population; Introduced species; Coccinellidae; Predation; Predator","score_opus":0.02336094699471253,"score_gpt":0.2409982389946358,"score_spread":0.21763729199992327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2921734794","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95283633,0.000032909604,0.000008838992,0.00005510942,0.000041339987,0.00010349097,0.000005036236,0.0000042784627,0.04691267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99921256,0.000007630408,0.00033334887,0.000017318116,0.0000015381879,0.0000036737026,0.0000020922448,0.0000017249537,0.00042011924],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99969023,0.000023149483,0.00008030402,0.000100709316,0.000041700852,0.0000638919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984336,0.00004730194,0.00003258026,0.000059806604,0.0000039901574,0.000012955334],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008052376,0.00003601001,0.00007475115,0.0000052014216,0.000029782977,0.0000016498377,0.000032495267,0.000024653955,0.0054834653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025359699,0.000033237022,0.000010429607,0.000072258044,0.000055151588,0.00007359637,0.00006892555,0.000041139523,0.00019188046],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000425596,0.00003406343,0.9976645,0.0000060442067,0.0000028546078,5.4421275e-7,0.0007893572,0.00073042326,0.000044008284,0.00043199648,0.00017286184,0.00011910028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020581471,0.000027322905,0.9928352,0.0000031425502,0.000002668499,3.4429596e-7,0.0008587934,0.0042497916,0.000012094819,0.0017416013,0.000026985435,0.00003619602],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012382233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014022632,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04649255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025116398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026729033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99542564},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922060970","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2586","title":"An integrated model decomposing the components of detection probability and abundance in unmarked populations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Nature Conservancy of Canada; Nature Conservancy; North Carolina State University; University of California, Santa Cruz; University of California","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Distance sampling; Sampling (signal processing); Statistics; Population; Statistical power; Ecology; Mathematics; Computer science; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.017213096826579444,"score_gpt":0.23246134333945487,"score_spread":0.2152482465128754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2922060970","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99698,0.000006515403,0.0013308517,0.00010072697,0.000047582333,0.00023218837,0.0000014305988,0.000010382395,0.0012902941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973663,0.0000010977404,0.002481935,0.00006100601,0.000002083102,0.000008092509,0.0000050638564,0.0000031702139,0.000071260365],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952763,0.000076564844,0.00013291746,0.00013547647,0.00005228026,0.00007512279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997573,0.000027090418,0.000055797984,0.00013816635,0.000005490369,0.000016174687],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020141085,0.000048760645,0.000066348985,0.0000068496647,0.00006417755,0.000007101196,0.00007483717,0.000043006698,0.00029862527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013133303,0.000038436185,0.000010534217,0.0001402548,0.00006438321,0.00020759262,0.000025559928,0.00007900095,0.00003082433],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028043738,0.00005441762,0.92215264,0.00000364883,0.0000014049448,6.074792e-8,0.00013730106,0.070503086,0.004017993,0.00015968109,0.00002485855,0.0029168625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000098865705,0.000016368294,0.631597,0.000004811737,0.0000015149127,4.76925e-7,0.000027343453,0.36464125,0.00009449117,0.0034740937,0.000016253673,0.000027566155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053092296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0065770303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29413813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006375223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005386033,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36701372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2922479083","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2632","title":"Can retention harvests help conserve wildlife? Evidence for vertebrates in the boreal forest","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Forest Resource Improvement Association of Alberta; Government of Alberta; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Basal area; Understory; Wildlife; Woodland caribou; Ecology; Logging; Taiga; Boreal; Environmental science; Forestry; Habitat; Biodiversity; Seral community; Geography; Canopy; Biology","score_opus":0.024999949847324746,"score_gpt":0.2462274831405895,"score_spread":0.22122753329326478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2922479083","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98420244,0.000048415757,0.00003547147,0.008214591,0.00019326402,0.00067247933,0.000005494707,0.000019043568,0.006608818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938541,0.000015189124,0.00020175872,0.003664065,0.00003788969,0.00012443737,0.00002556161,0.000008553703,0.0020684102],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999108,0.00009591543,0.00017750706,0.00025736028,0.0001293698,0.00023181795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999311,0.00032559843,0.000078134835,0.00024475995,0.000008966594,0.000031540556],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047633407,0.00010072765,0.00010487431,0.0000073631913,0.000101706,0.000037092526,0.00026953453,0.00008965552,0.0011991541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014347486,0.00007843367,0.00004981367,0.00015172799,0.00007506481,0.00036229906,0.00004530009,0.00010848693,0.00093631924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003759566,0.000026680314,0.8999558,0.000010474998,0.0000037083294,0.0000019620215,0.000162104,0.00020302093,0.000050855284,0.0004520325,0.098519124,0.0005766143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036907915,0.00013436258,0.98830295,0.000039212133,0.000008584749,0.000004637066,0.0002061619,0.004154539,0.000028865546,0.0031997014,0.0034458141,0.00010608337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017572329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.070821844,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.095073305,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008921978,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028674734,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2923601155","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2633","title":"Impact of land composition and configuration on the functional trait assembly of forest communities in southern Ontario","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; University of Guelph","keywords":"Trait; Ecology; Metacommunity; Niche; Biodiversity; Niche differentiation; Biology; Disturbance (geology); Habitat; Specific leaf area; Landscape connectivity; Ecosystem; Competition (biology); Biological dispersal","score_opus":0.011830117910232564,"score_gpt":0.21223598177242003,"score_spread":0.20040586386218748,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2923601155","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9756174,0.000007216516,0.000020423742,0.00005621672,0.000017996257,0.00009949784,0.000009367089,0.0000018985352,0.024169989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993723,0.000002271982,0.000017960154,0.000021484499,0.0000018453296,0.0000037483294,0.000016026273,0.000001919528,0.00056241744],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997278,0.000037618065,0.00009279855,0.000042258114,0.00005211258,0.000047407397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973303,0.00013507796,0.0000608065,0.000058446327,0.000006005884,0.000006634199],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099920544,0.000041222596,0.00007283387,0.000005784207,0.00004083907,0.0000031741854,0.000034356057,0.000026552196,0.0033469421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000026747698,0.000027958658,0.000020656495,0.000026215012,0.0000762956,0.0000458151,0.000016356176,0.00006497968,0.000051719533],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039012146,0.000043235024,0.97751045,0.0000031485738,0.00001363451,6.910594e-8,0.0032225333,0.018101197,0.0003329062,0.00053802837,0.0001218257,0.00007397135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024186866,0.00013913432,0.99566454,0.000011114017,0.0000032203284,5.8443635e-7,0.001006423,0.0024311352,0.00001979421,0.0004468811,0.000006731098,0.000028559243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021606656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5157508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49414414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005420173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008222063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99756414},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2925418820","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2663","title":"An evaluation of isotopic (δ<sup>2</sup>H) methods to provide estimates of avian breeding and natal dispersal","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Parks Canada; Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station; Michigan Technological University","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Metapopulation; Feather; Habitat; Ecology; Population; Biology; Isotope analysis; Identification (biology); Stable isotope ratio; Demography","score_opus":0.018532411360350644,"score_gpt":0.31761419571535654,"score_spread":0.2990817843550059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2925418820","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995619,0.000029149496,0.0004457908,0.000050159037,0.000052053467,0.00039790393,0.0000061576907,0.00001105915,0.0033887092],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9668759,7.7885556e-7,0.032829523,0.000026657046,0.000010642457,0.000014122552,0.0000040473346,0.0000079660695,0.00023037307],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921215,0.000083149695,0.00016681613,0.00022219527,0.00017716247,0.00013851437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996215,0.000051341092,0.00006932424,0.00017613811,0.000015007507,0.00006669658],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059952104,0.000084226696,0.00015159062,0.000011254633,0.00003652942,0.0000069740595,0.00013314639,0.00007103128,0.008368285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006333658,0.00007624431,0.000024332981,0.000087465865,0.00008584604,0.00023913823,0.0000865581,0.00006268241,0.00016726858],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001429213,0.00006517489,0.8815926,0.00001555358,0.00000618169,4.4844026e-7,0.00091659534,0.0021390633,0.029258378,0.000020792035,0.0001292008,0.08584175],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003680145,0.00039079838,0.93743217,0.00001952604,0.000060306902,0.000004646394,0.000686569,0.037542347,0.023008645,0.00026207222,0.00010813687,0.000116773655],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011814812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016793008,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08572498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055698994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013301776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9925382},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2931453383","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2685","title":"Tree diversity is not always a strong driver of soil microbial diversity: a 7‐yr‐old diversity experiment with trees","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; McGill University; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biodiversity; Alpha diversity; Beta diversity; Ecology; Gamma diversity; Biology; Temperate deciduous forest; Species diversity; Temperate forest; Deciduous; Temperate climate","score_opus":0.014499142609038437,"score_gpt":0.18046199173766905,"score_spread":0.16596284912863063,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2931453383","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934007,0.0000421384,0.0000013785339,0.00020138599,0.00012697827,0.00021702844,0.00013789818,0.000055358767,0.005817157],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977102,0.00001913346,0.00007924342,0.00026112006,0.000057089415,0.0000012272683,0.000023358743,0.0000016058682,0.0018470059],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987045,0.000043463384,0.00013387256,0.00040290842,0.00039329237,0.00032195606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948454,0.000051824867,0.00013290191,0.00012297314,0.00007898637,0.00012874858],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000086912165,0.00021240953,0.00030022074,0.000008995412,0.0006098922,0.00002567945,0.0004973563,0.00012407557,0.003376551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035535445,0.0001007279,0.00020272224,0.00018604392,0.00010095727,0.00017344074,0.002630972,0.00013011448,0.00014248952],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005963407,0.0003353413,0.95189714,0.000016138558,0.00018968942,0.000022515425,0.0029437586,0.000039550447,0.032149043,0.00016397389,0.0069403765,0.0047061164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017275899,0.0010229159,0.96355504,0.00004232636,0.00012442435,0.0000054683555,0.0051691514,0.0009515727,0.02619151,0.00006572554,0.00058154605,0.00056270935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007823457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017433371,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011657904,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007718174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001027938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2935276756","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2639","title":"Species‐specific differences in detection and occupancy probabilities help drive ability to detect trends in occupancy","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada","funders":"Alberta Parks; Parks Canada; Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Montana; Panthera","keywords":"Occupancy; Statistical power; Replicate; Abundance (ecology); Statistics; Environmental science; Sampling (signal processing); Ecology; Biology; Computer science; Mathematics; Detector","score_opus":0.012067768031102056,"score_gpt":0.20693869867498615,"score_spread":0.1948709306438841,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2935276756","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98496324,0.00005304987,0.00003327537,0.0002451034,0.00019922935,0.00036825714,0.000004232188,0.000030306497,0.014103298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99743855,0.000016972646,0.00033520508,0.000106262145,0.000023382141,0.00007187722,0.0000019229342,0.0000073373667,0.0019984704],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986806,0.000108343374,0.00027013058,0.0004916234,0.0001306018,0.00031871212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995341,0.00010026535,0.00005415704,0.00024435352,0.000005855421,0.0000613237],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026966108,0.0001543304,0.00021692354,0.000050127244,0.00006499978,0.000026236812,0.00013911903,0.000120505596,0.008056172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040803963,0.00014692429,0.000031608615,0.0004742166,0.00010100427,0.0002758312,0.0001168592,0.00017837626,0.0007020532],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000068119174,0.00004468306,0.9710326,0.000009216197,0.0000015367373,0.000001751153,0.00063804135,0.000050284605,0.00074591965,0.00003219,0.000457626,0.026917992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034760663,0.00017348645,0.99616575,0.000016648852,0.0000016153051,0.0000017266025,0.00043875826,0.0001748196,0.00023389462,0.001425951,0.0008464858,0.00017327999],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005033387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.034805186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034301847,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002772208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008986087,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9928506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937552948","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2698","title":"Decline of an ecotone forest: 50 years of demography in the southern boreal forest","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Canadian Forest Service; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Alberta; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Ecotone; Basal area; Taiga; Ecology; Geography; Biomass (ecology); Vegetation (pathology); Boreal; Forest dynamics; Biology; Forestry; Habitat","score_opus":0.004290302885578909,"score_gpt":0.2013165530555534,"score_spread":0.1970262501699745,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2937552948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96357965,0.000029040148,0.000017259961,0.00004419021,0.0000569058,0.0003165102,0.000008601918,0.000007806656,0.035940003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988856,0.000011549325,0.0006132049,0.00016648242,0.000010009475,0.000014421278,0.0000114934055,0.000008842138,0.0002784325],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924904,0.000051571,0.00020448238,0.0001614033,0.0001577264,0.00017575438],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994845,0.00005134913,0.00010127377,0.00033311138,0.000003301451,0.000026485306],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003456908,0.00007722957,0.00013607695,0.000018605344,0.000018219642,0.0000043143846,0.00038663976,0.00006304948,0.0024021107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009806563,0.000060886803,0.00005978645,0.00020531728,0.0001330728,0.00008904873,0.00012682755,0.00008683062,0.00044516675],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050732076,0.00025305388,0.98445994,0.000017061173,0.000013931128,0.0000059608697,0.00078345434,0.0055463794,0.00009075716,0.00097030425,0.0021530201,0.0056553883],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003897005,0.00024937597,0.99079585,0.000007093255,0.000008575426,0.000001615739,0.0004906428,0.00094310043,0.000028290691,0.0044396045,0.0025780257,0.00006813124],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025149295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.10541904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10290411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015454123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000053368867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2937582789","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2661","title":"Wetland buffers are no substitute for landscape‐scale conservation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Wetland; Environmental science; Buffer zone; Agriculture; Pesticide; Agricultural land; Context (archaeology); Land cover; Land use; Environmental engineering; Ecology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.0045772697276287196,"score_gpt":0.18083602930762832,"score_spread":0.1762587595799996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2937582789","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9556963,0.0000140741595,0.0002244086,0.00031071983,0.0004018144,0.0002593677,0.000020052496,0.000040295512,0.04303299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875418,0.000012640103,0.0010726183,0.00040491036,0.000060724313,0.0000253262,0.000060596543,0.000014078395,0.01080734],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940777,0.000007870063,0.00009947214,0.0002018001,0.000104526924,0.00017857297],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997009,0.000027242862,0.000051875293,0.00016041445,0.000009184052,0.000050390063],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000643379,0.00008732513,0.00009913692,0.000004225269,0.000057512418,0.00002417455,0.0001143265,0.000055973935,0.0018021616],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007586145,0.00007500633,0.000044467397,0.00006327184,0.000026230719,0.00014976587,0.000039656887,0.000044835317,0.0058665113],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032957883,0.000018491917,0.90826267,0.000014051629,0.000004283223,6.556467e-7,0.000051564726,0.0004350949,0.00012764058,0.000018517669,0.090803005,0.00023105546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017022261,0.000120256824,0.72413355,0.000029495919,0.000017028853,0.000003484891,0.00015542771,0.03463873,0.00047813912,0.0023153916,0.23607521,0.00033103686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093045535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024325514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1841291,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041190164,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004008081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99911034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2939201034","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2701","title":"Long‐term population dynamics of dreissenid mussels (<i>Dreissena polymorpha</i> and <i>D. rostriformis</i>): a cross‐system analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Museum of Nature","funders":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; U.S. Geological Survey; Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; U.S. Army; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Dreissena; Zebra mussel; Population; Ecology; Biology; Invasive species; Range (aeronautics); Population decline; Bivalvia; Fishery; Mussel; Mollusca; Habitat; Demography","score_opus":0.0033434790856583427,"score_gpt":0.21120503296523727,"score_spread":0.20786155387957891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2939201034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98909837,0.000038378683,0.0002654922,0.00003414213,0.00014983765,0.000305471,0.000034154993,0.000042948133,0.0100311935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99499846,0.0000053438416,0.00036224574,0.000052431227,0.000016529024,0.000008619767,0.00010855539,0.000016607737,0.0044312268],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866307,0.000051327675,0.00040505634,0.0003806035,0.00021350395,0.0002864142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992244,0.000040968265,0.0002554427,0.00036500322,0.000012841947,0.000101347934],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022705835,0.00018523545,0.00037097593,0.000031068586,0.000115976174,0.00003344446,0.00018814216,0.00018034296,0.015644595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009149181,0.00016840806,0.00012800042,0.00045660892,0.0001180868,0.00031584932,0.00012327326,0.000120145916,0.0014596247],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024614568,0.000058893,0.99603724,0.0000349584,0.0000703876,0.000008964005,0.00008128166,0.0006288365,0.0007734065,0.00015559925,0.0002852751,0.0018405276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043315827,0.000073238116,0.9803908,0.000013228933,0.000248858,0.000018302924,0.0001056611,0.017510775,0.0009604741,0.0000386262,0.000011429672,0.00019548534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010232684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040079807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.016881939,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018488243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011037964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993178},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2939324186","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2683","title":"Symbiotic endolithic microbes alter host morphology and reduce host vulnerability to high environmental temperatures","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Tula Foundation; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mussel; Mytilus; Biology; Ecology; Predation; Bivalvia; Blue mussel; Mollusca","score_opus":0.00485362539335889,"score_gpt":0.21409575213207474,"score_spread":0.20924212673871584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2939324186","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98422015,0.00023876644,0.0000021179949,0.0011685019,0.00023098772,0.00041780793,0.000034976165,0.000032190794,0.013654486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9877725,0.00006239985,0.000572901,0.0010821417,0.00008314716,0.000017809944,0.000012425582,0.000018855339,0.010377799],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856305,0.000075879274,0.00019885977,0.00062849344,0.0001655705,0.00036812256],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994083,0.000050386498,0.00004727783,0.0003526026,0.0000031771776,0.00013825264],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001464137,0.0002467395,0.00026509166,0.000009649071,0.0001675687,0.00004302011,0.00020083241,0.00009003097,0.015459478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002781761,0.00019568723,0.000060904084,0.00008124989,0.0002055205,0.00012257161,0.0005488105,0.00023004325,0.004483206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036973775,0.00012978258,0.29203734,0.000024586458,0.000034416007,0.000010951719,0.0005208428,0.000023872417,0.6689594,0.00008915596,0.037399676,0.0007330024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004166832,0.00021447016,0.94592184,0.0000142288245,0.00001832808,0.000039740753,0.00035571083,0.000005655022,0.036848694,0.000110720925,0.015723342,0.0003306034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00050289865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018885163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6538845,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000100469595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045932584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99629194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2941407123","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2720","title":"Measuring function and structure of urban headwater streams with citizen scientists","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"EcoSpark; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Trillium Foundation","keywords":"Riparian zone; STREAMS; Environmental science; Drainage basin; Land cover; Vegetation (pathology); Hydrology (agriculture); Ecosystem; Land use; Functional ecology; Ecology; Physical geography; Geography; Habitat; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.004357466754750139,"score_gpt":0.159607426745549,"score_spread":0.15524995999079888,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2941407123","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9871041,0.00006224861,0.000058856018,0.00002604881,0.000059997044,0.000092773465,0.0000042065644,0.00001487891,0.012576872],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987375,0.0000024319713,0.00019583628,0.000044607077,0.000008955004,9.641009e-7,0.0000060839507,0.0000059917334,0.0009976315],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994633,0.000008257032,0.000077044,0.00019341179,0.00013402739,0.0001239592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981636,0.0000060844013,0.000033113538,0.000102518716,0.0000044876365,0.000037446254],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000042428444,0.00007267229,0.00008940599,0.000005996808,0.000046468398,0.000007907873,0.00006256422,0.00004445207,0.012410579],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000010083932,0.000052712694,0.000010628137,0.00007552096,0.000096043805,0.00015869454,0.000019010224,0.00005915611,0.00012711661],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000066880384,0.000019524976,0.9755747,0.000036923047,0.000015397934,0.0000018452338,0.0002021445,0.0010179635,0.020831121,0.000043515265,0.0005964602,0.0015935653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00078296126,0.00030988283,0.9686124,0.000034596273,0.000029612844,0.000009590697,0.00006473464,0.00019775795,0.026452534,0.0007677803,0.002569373,0.00016880946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049519997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036543104,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012283463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011557132,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004930169,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9884922},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942528532","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2723","title":"Influence of lipids on stable isotope ratios in mammal hair: highlighting the importance of validation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Environment Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski","keywords":"Normalization (sociology); Trophic level; Isotope; Stable isotope ratio; Mammal; Chemistry; Isotopes of carbon; Isotope analysis; Environmental chemistry; Biology; Chromatography; Ecology","score_opus":0.005011531102793126,"score_gpt":0.21057133869622097,"score_spread":0.20555980759342785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2942528532","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9607917,0.000012360974,0.000012713946,0.00019305815,0.00004560169,0.00024471505,0.0000016956509,0.000006847225,0.03869132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976976,0.000008869376,0.0003601476,0.00015256916,0.000011813588,0.00001352355,0.0000022095135,0.0000074484697,0.001745804],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898607,0.00007636004,0.00036069017,0.00020494526,0.0002018523,0.00017006791],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992313,0.00011577274,0.00024908414,0.00037493065,0.00001263133,0.000016298975],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043397586,0.000083280174,0.000178741,0.000013691817,0.000031361924,0.000006382681,0.00029749784,0.000053133273,0.00670187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007916712,0.00006303213,0.000040678813,0.0002935846,0.000071901675,0.00020890753,0.000110459754,0.00010196928,0.0006961547],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012354021,0.000041755247,0.7877458,0.000008225853,0.00000620502,7.3307507e-7,0.00017631392,0.20109546,0.009318389,0.00047502888,0.00091018423,0.00020958389],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028981245,0.0001279945,0.9443584,0.000024557525,0.000008987427,7.829673e-7,0.00014380635,0.0029946107,0.04952453,0.0003825234,0.0020368043,0.00010719239],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000275404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016830723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19810085,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009319783,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014562942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99420613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942601404","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2706","title":"Savanna canopy trees under fire: long‐term persistence and transient dynamics from a stage‐based matrix population model","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Charles Darwin University; Australian National University","keywords":"Understory; Population; Disturbance (geology); Canopy; Fire regime; Ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Vegetation (pathology); Population growth; Population model; Fire ecology; Ecosystem; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.00858441663831716,"score_gpt":0.21230839218304115,"score_spread":0.203723975544724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2942601404","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933654,0.00016466728,0.0029519154,0.00019678987,0.00018082422,0.00048690604,0.00013287473,0.00006908994,0.0024515518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99464834,0.000009002698,0.0012559826,0.00011837479,0.000015774574,0.000020753243,0.00009162937,0.00003320561,0.0038069356],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862945,0.000057572724,0.00021720138,0.0004923741,0.0003117614,0.0002916421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993264,0.00005971977,0.00009894512,0.00037996692,0.000005434849,0.00012953236],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011595649,0.00021070626,0.00022209524,0.000009949225,0.000089485366,0.000062631254,0.0001886543,0.0001140794,0.0034299914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006540381,0.00020309737,0.000070823306,0.00011164572,0.000045356723,0.00029906546,0.000051707862,0.000119003875,0.0006178932],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008724203,0.00012669752,0.6274538,0.000092810864,0.000031644144,0.0000125456645,0.0004976884,0.35943595,0.0024001193,0.000032019216,0.0016114747,0.008217975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036553835,0.000050236133,0.40637487,0.00003005417,0.000012846358,0.0000010124467,0.0000523277,0.5928442,0.000040315645,0.000025536488,0.00003980543,0.00016330813],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005059317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029165626,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2334082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005029331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016886866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944027505","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2739","title":"Exposure to historical burn rates shapes the response of boreal caribou to timber harvesting","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Université Laval; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université du Québec à Montréal; Canadian Forest Service; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Economic Development for Quebec Regions; Canadian Wildlife Federation; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs; Université du Québec à Rimouski","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Boreal; Ungulate; Disturbance (geology); Ecology; Taiga; Context (archaeology); Fire regime; Threatened species; Salvage logging; Geography; Habitat; Wildlife; Range (aeronautics); Ecosystem; Environmental science; Biology; Snag","score_opus":0.009150277153435747,"score_gpt":0.21630116478995076,"score_spread":0.207150887636515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944027505","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98066026,0.000021353497,0.00005806267,0.005185065,0.0001524373,0.00022053358,0.0000033271137,0.000017859264,0.013681083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97436625,5.442068e-7,0.001236443,0.0015737816,0.000027116277,0.000020069943,0.0000016035377,0.000007891342,0.022766327],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992436,0.00010749259,0.00016091614,0.00019205308,0.0001297512,0.00016617062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994427,0.0002390343,0.00005190865,0.0001862405,0.000011048718,0.0000690467],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004163005,0.000079559046,0.00010844127,0.000006770978,0.00008306683,0.000011580534,0.00020786379,0.00006040418,0.0048164343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021934263,0.000059524198,0.00003219392,0.00018484694,0.000025708096,0.00009391794,0.00012238849,0.00008626458,0.0026922224],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002417209,0.000031243697,0.7585797,0.0000030565113,0.0000068599957,0.0000027881608,0.00091179414,0.005422994,0.0020369417,0.000046565747,0.23134553,0.0013708572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010331714,0.00021676486,0.9480654,0.000007658603,0.000004878051,0.0000022387171,0.00010074528,0.0002519896,0.0002517634,0.000052324176,0.050863564,0.00007934721],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012573688,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001408897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18948576,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020150957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001869897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980843},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944333315","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2730","title":"Developing an expert elicited simulation model to evaluate invasive species and fire management alternatives","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre For Cold Ocean Resources Engineering","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Environmental resource management; Simulation modeling; Process (computing); Adaptive management; Resource (disambiguation); Computer science; Ecology; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.02742410920405388,"score_gpt":0.2799383325321084,"score_spread":0.25251422332805457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944333315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9774052,0.000036267807,0.0032659194,0.00018392723,0.0001177869,0.0007384647,0.0000030067115,0.00005267478,0.018196765],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871283,0.000027164431,0.008229525,0.00045628857,0.000027152024,0.00003622127,0.000005764709,0.00002123679,0.004068303],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889386,0.00005711909,0.00015969522,0.00039661152,0.0002779033,0.00021480005],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953336,0.000059042577,0.000057883568,0.00024928668,0.000010049455,0.00009039795],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017850012,0.00015079006,0.00014077284,0.000014693435,0.000075392294,0.000060285147,0.00017902946,0.00003664498,0.0014357985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020726777,0.00014105195,0.000019515192,0.00012881492,0.00001916546,0.0004239835,0.00022021799,0.000045475557,0.0019125653],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003256132,0.000037712776,0.009385286,0.000053644013,0.000031700143,0.0000076095694,0.00370595,0.9460639,0.003983742,0.00019998633,0.0026379877,0.03385992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032098452,0.00008102213,0.07130181,0.000076783785,0.0000043225805,9.282345e-7,0.00034399447,0.9242235,0.0011678843,0.00026441796,0.0019714518,0.00024292435],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016462724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00029188013,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.061916523,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024954122,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005927261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944516963","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2734","title":"Occupied and abandoned structures from ecosystem engineering differentially facilitate stream community colonization","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Collège de Maisonneuve; Concordia University","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Caddisfly; Ecosystem engineer; Hydropsychidae; Ecology; Habitat; Biomass (ecology); Community structure; Ecosystem; Biology; Colonization; River ecosystem; Invertebrate; Larva","score_opus":0.00646376296256901,"score_gpt":0.17188609571454516,"score_spread":0.16542233275197615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2944516963","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885978,0.000021941061,0.00021560234,0.000061512175,0.00019697424,0.0002518746,0.000036540616,0.00006312719,0.010554603],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99873495,0.00001973038,0.0002878684,0.00008166477,0.0000087591825,0.000010365645,0.000035877485,0.000007856703,0.00081293547],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942267,0.000059502327,0.00011942041,0.0001641233,0.00008346893,0.00015082596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964005,0.00009285082,0.000046663696,0.00018307783,0.000003784504,0.00003358853],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008462186,0.000117481075,0.00015439013,0.000007055963,0.00017021346,0.000027132826,0.00013815844,0.000055780143,0.004873457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020268364,0.00010816305,0.000019373461,0.000050400395,0.000027175682,0.00012459948,0.00028849486,0.00012494638,0.00045242594],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006834042,0.000072630115,0.96313304,0.000080839374,0.00016887528,0.000003519374,0.0018236334,0.0041056895,0.0011317827,0.00021393203,0.028143018,0.0010546913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000497643,0.00006415303,0.9940381,0.000008546322,0.000018072553,3.6141253e-7,0.00027542646,0.0022666787,0.00012938163,0.00037373512,0.0022010372,0.00012686846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00055505574,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013916494,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030905047,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004709011,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016415324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99603623},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2945905657","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2753","title":"Enhancing collaboration between ecologists and computer scientists: lessons learned and recommendations forward","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Computer science; Software; Ecology; Bridging (networking); Data science; Big data; Supercomputer; Biology; Data mining","score_opus":0.02783461812951182,"score_gpt":0.29375864074811014,"score_spread":0.2659240226185983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2945905657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96364194,0.000038154674,0.00045809505,0.0044899294,0.00018262106,0.00018095566,0.00007700689,0.0000355829,0.030895732],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965096,0.00010215061,0.0008167742,0.00020963991,0.000026914258,0.000008340435,0.00009832798,0.0000063979187,0.0022218544],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993363,0.000029934265,0.000119190765,0.00025772274,0.00009453074,0.00016232155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996928,0.000051956587,0.00005740073,0.000110614266,0.00001069601,0.00007653539],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017177699,0.00007834392,0.00010250925,0.000008391039,0.00018138328,0.00011496609,0.00006467071,0.000051999166,0.046050712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016769221,0.00007696995,0.000013673129,0.00016406362,0.0000838218,0.00022902548,0.00015517823,0.00006053344,0.001988623],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001915244,0.00012994946,0.42656887,0.000065775275,0.000041733816,0.0000037515024,0.0015266199,0.00005655444,0.006202074,0.0074336217,0.4652442,0.09270769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051048916,0.00009829958,0.7750919,0.0000144973055,0.000011927802,0.000002976197,0.0018277573,0.00049413246,0.00086768955,0.0003783498,0.22050904,0.0001929685],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042342457,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022956515,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34852302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001924119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070336746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2946096023","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2744","title":"Dead forests burning: the influence of beetle outbreaks on fire severity and legacy structure in sub‐boreal forests","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Simon Fraser University; Oregon State University","keywords":"Mountain pine beetle; Snag; Outbreak; Taiga; Ecology; Fire ecology; Fire regime; Geography; Boreal; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Forestry; Habitat; Biology","score_opus":0.003094732654047288,"score_gpt":0.1966990209912159,"score_spread":0.1936042883371686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2946096023","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99418247,0.00007504629,8.698616e-7,0.000103421015,0.0001121844,0.0005410299,0.000021569827,0.000020163721,0.004943234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99962485,0.000007113163,0.000042473686,0.00009049289,0.000022835302,0.000011574445,0.0000057404272,0.000019117371,0.00017580399],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987764,0.000083804036,0.00023248578,0.0003362974,0.0002820943,0.00028893072],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920475,0.0001622041,0.00013788343,0.000418318,0.000007728977,0.00006910198],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021595985,0.00018170249,0.00022737215,0.000009842345,0.000060758084,0.000037168513,0.0003178746,0.00011980701,0.00044737253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006917683,0.00012988095,0.000039061655,0.00018734888,0.00010678216,0.0003430762,0.00017328732,0.00025381573,0.00031904585],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042355412,0.000033355147,0.9757763,0.00005726267,0.0000074780037,0.000009163583,0.00037930647,0.010107033,0.0014243929,0.000035967358,0.0025487372,0.009578657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003893563,0.00013639938,0.9907899,0.00008420515,0.000004169165,0.000011721198,0.000038676168,0.0061588655,0.00086316786,0.00032529258,0.0010485811,0.00014966802],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003756405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03712401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033367608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010808201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000139370495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.980446},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2948559287","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2752","title":"Trait‐mediated foraging drives patterns of selective predation by native and invasive coral‐reef fishes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predation; Foraging; Ecology; Biology; Predator; Coral reef; Reef; Abundance (ecology); Coral","score_opus":0.0040804675482326224,"score_gpt":0.18365199003586746,"score_spread":0.17957152248763483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2948559287","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9313312,0.000025091085,0.00004324715,0.00016621925,0.00006721424,0.00028600398,0.00005862491,0.000017257711,0.06800513],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99534494,0.000045408124,0.00012754998,0.00014397144,0.000011118943,0.000015897043,0.000052491505,0.0000089341165,0.00424968],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992558,0.00005338928,0.00015376584,0.00025678586,0.00011170046,0.00016859519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950314,0.00020052178,0.00013433861,0.00009858756,0.00001808523,0.00004530421],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007759404,0.00011535344,0.00016566193,0.000011290965,0.00006372356,0.000011965569,0.00011375073,0.000098186145,0.017046297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010256752,0.00010760576,0.000027590777,0.000102854385,0.000118191005,0.00036296825,0.00012507777,0.00015151572,0.00016631518],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020592177,0.000052994244,0.9590667,0.000022582824,0.000033491284,0.0000011251018,0.0015655275,0.00005816964,0.005905688,0.000097644916,0.032251317,0.0009241609],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043721704,0.0002427651,0.97321653,0.000018482557,0.000009839261,0.0000020798402,0.001140739,0.00029496354,0.022184594,0.0006606841,0.0016504081,0.00014169153],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027484787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017184458,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.064013734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000633777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001282453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98385227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2951978243","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2770","title":"To improve ecological understanding, collect infection data","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Parasite Biology and Host Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation; University of British Columbia","funders":"Hakai Institute","keywords":"Ecology; Abiotic component; Environmental change; Stressor; Host (biology); Ecosystem; Biology; Ecological systems theory; Parasitism; Climate change","score_opus":0.04144561571481214,"score_gpt":0.3305765765858843,"score_spread":0.28913096087107215,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2951978243","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6868204,0.0000029644275,0.00051213434,0.000211129,0.00046863916,0.0001650353,0.000015344824,0.000031265758,0.31177312],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97524816,0.0000056382605,0.00030987832,0.00041045327,0.000035123096,0.000008156279,0.000020861678,0.000004412974,0.023957342],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99940217,0.000027115164,0.000079723046,0.00028363324,0.000054754393,0.0001526064],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954134,0.000049654715,0.000027602042,0.00031987447,0.0000017863,0.000059721602],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010492839,0.00006513321,0.00007284001,0.000006546572,0.00010519493,0.000017519431,0.00018488038,0.00007352412,0.063708715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000370983,0.000055541143,0.000019644503,0.000117021846,0.00002695944,0.00017310487,0.00025604546,0.00010515772,0.03960064],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041108375,0.00012223916,0.58622015,0.0000020381542,0.000019751855,0.0000027898452,0.00005262887,0.00042564629,0.005646093,0.0004087625,0.40526673,0.0017920636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001697126,0.00025984595,0.7199535,0.0000030951403,0.0000068358504,0.000006165118,0.000042685213,0.0009490624,0.00022942656,0.0005600184,0.27769506,0.00012461844],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024056058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002675644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28842777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002677917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007649977,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9611471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2952997032","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2774","title":"Forest closure and encroachment at the grassland interface: a century‐scale analysis using oblique repeat photography","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; University of Alberta","funders":"Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alberta; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; University of Alberta; University of Victoria","keywords":"Shrubland; Woodland; Vegetation (pathology); Grassland; Deciduous; Canopy; Environmental science; Ecology; Agroforestry; Geography; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.0030253160135444226,"score_gpt":0.1992352888635635,"score_spread":0.1962099728500191,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2952997032","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880674,0.00069081405,0.000093064205,0.000083742445,0.00020001609,0.000620527,0.000019629602,0.00003686374,0.0101879835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99808574,0.00005298117,0.00026041354,0.00007203096,0.0000229689,0.000021998007,0.000010504088,0.000020838883,0.0014525421],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985018,0.00013735978,0.00023453085,0.00050583645,0.00028723362,0.00033324564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908423,0.00007962896,0.00013757318,0.0005845965,0.0000067238484,0.00010726145],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037636366,0.00021170781,0.00027901077,0.000028133683,0.00018038834,0.00008353649,0.00024201677,0.000095721756,0.0047934293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008385295,0.00014486225,0.00018229382,0.0006044106,0.00010560168,0.00015789224,0.00033923218,0.00015197645,0.0006358343],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036021924,0.000036763176,0.9825273,0.000024018547,0.00018958138,0.000003835517,0.0004598749,0.0033384524,0.009026898,0.0000017778106,0.0036822176,0.0006732513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008459422,0.00021773024,0.87854826,0.000061126324,0.0005287484,0.000051315714,0.0007108764,0.08122611,0.0075873705,0.00005905205,0.029526176,0.00063731236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025078985,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014212332,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.103979066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021265041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051927636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99611634},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2953628213","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2785","title":"Broad‐scale changes in tundra‐nesting bird abundance in response to hyperabundant geese","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Trent University","funders":"Arctic Goose Joint Venture; W. Garfield Weston Foundation","keywords":"Tundra; Goose; Ecology; Habitat; Arctic; Trophic level; Predation; Waterfowl; Abundance (ecology); Nest (protein structural motif); Trophic cascade; Range (aeronautics); Biology; Geography; Breeding bird survey; Anatidae; Predator","score_opus":0.0073599904585867565,"score_gpt":0.22836000336375964,"score_spread":0.22100001290517288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2953628213","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99352723,0.000035051733,0.000004038347,0.0012974553,0.00020662064,0.00037738067,0.0000027812787,0.000053397605,0.004496056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98557675,0.0000039398433,0.0013635319,0.0006152015,0.000020807527,0.00004635234,6.6325754e-7,0.00002564101,0.012347092],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869263,0.00012080802,0.00019337377,0.0004129816,0.00013665936,0.00044351854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994675,0.00010749257,0.000045166064,0.00027798442,0.0000033712,0.00009846626],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048145655,0.0001431665,0.00019648332,0.00003369807,0.000054718457,0.000015945307,0.00026262272,0.00011543737,0.0131822545],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000639385,0.00014294688,0.000025446121,0.00040065416,0.0000635741,0.000119395816,0.00018687344,0.00022327468,0.024241837],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017742881,0.00010873383,0.9685632,0.0000045677175,7.161548e-7,0.00006305565,0.00069062016,0.00093757885,0.022600146,8.177519e-7,0.0011263407,0.0057267984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004565239,0.00016563272,0.9919058,0.000041686428,0.0000018296814,0.000012658242,0.00028604374,0.00012508228,0.00087944954,0.000031979664,0.0058949823,0.0001983383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042523802,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.051703077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05127784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028634525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017381797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98771983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2955103737","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2797","title":"Species‐pair associations, null models, and tests of mechanisms structuring ecological communities","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Co-occurrence; Biology; Ecology; Competition (biology); Habitat; Niche; Community structure; Predation; Community; Null model; Generality","score_opus":0.014721508162426712,"score_gpt":0.19958483531629675,"score_spread":0.18486332715387005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2955103737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8319647,0.00001560368,0.00006961338,0.00021999775,0.000074337135,0.0001362654,0.000007824176,0.000025453732,0.16748625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923861,0.00005216291,0.0021050205,0.00024268571,0.000005210246,0.0000070259057,0.0000051369057,0.000004868574,0.0051917746],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994974,0.000038056278,0.000119399716,0.000108384746,0.000091381204,0.00014536247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996787,0.00009356819,0.00007266287,0.00013065657,0.000004675896,0.000019789171],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013204268,0.0000787634,0.0001455593,0.000006658893,0.0001362518,0.000008829056,0.00013290237,0.000057982314,0.0099323895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011950567,0.00007106884,0.000022223616,0.00004598621,0.00008772245,0.0001498478,0.00041446628,0.00008576899,0.00021762293],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001407168,0.0002165976,0.8564871,0.000042693286,0.00009734021,0.0000030989302,0.0016401103,0.007680151,0.00020379438,0.034532573,0.09872391,0.00035855544],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018888427,0.00012393776,0.96844065,0.000004357945,0.000010723772,5.95992e-7,0.002021584,0.0018000127,0.000058065598,0.026397524,0.0008614295,0.00009222596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000114603325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0048093074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16229448,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005770031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000020908249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99097264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2957970910","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2799","title":"Beyond the black box: promoting mathematical collaborations for elucidating interactions in soil ecology","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Waterloo","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology; Division of Biological Infrastructure; University of Tennessee, Knoxville; Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division; National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Systems ecology; Ecological systems theory; Theoretical ecology; Applied ecology; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Plant ecology; Biology; Sociology","score_opus":0.009751219129846828,"score_gpt":0.2560070655237945,"score_spread":0.24625584639394765,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2957970910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8748727,0.0000061778837,0.0007204507,0.0028369555,0.00016410029,0.00055539794,0.000005289303,0.000017609269,0.120821334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905484,0.0000026576336,0.0030700106,0.0003104988,0.000021821732,0.00015370887,0.0000066803827,0.000008401113,0.005877837],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99933887,0.000045399596,0.00020611903,0.00017106377,0.00005206555,0.00018647006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99925166,0.00050485536,0.00008360606,0.00012710586,0.0000136316985,0.000019145002],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002793694,0.000073469346,0.00011032093,0.0000082526285,0.00021804392,0.000019355075,0.00011560245,0.000037538506,0.004632753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018262526,0.000057156216,0.000029539076,0.00015697251,0.00009701297,0.00014104093,0.00009040159,0.00012513086,0.0022698794],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047181697,0.00080541905,0.7307267,0.00015800771,0.00013814183,0.000005000291,0.023946233,0.101546615,0.0032743623,0.07041032,0.06576207,0.0031799537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011811829,0.00020247392,0.34384766,0.00003634251,0.000039749535,0.000010900657,0.009484824,0.5390913,0.00044000612,0.100416586,0.004884795,0.00036416936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010669698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015272463,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4375447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098174314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015100803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99850696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2958089170","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2809","title":"Contributions of fire refugia to resilient ponderosa pine and dry mixed‐conifer forest landscapes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Oregon State University","keywords":"Ecology; Regeneration (biology); Disturbance (geology); Geography; Fire regime; Abundance (ecology); Obligate; Ecosystem; Psychological resilience; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.0024898055964326826,"score_gpt":0.19762000990303383,"score_spread":0.19513020430660113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2958089170","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98646426,0.0001928213,0.000046633344,0.0003839585,0.00022940461,0.00051231676,0.00006350686,0.00003384698,0.012073262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959944,0.0000087918925,0.00029248928,0.00008817109,0.000028279568,0.0000199492,0.000012431522,0.000015149173,0.0035403583],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989639,0.000049345657,0.00022144629,0.0003024163,0.0001992297,0.0002636735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993439,0.000092048445,0.00007651475,0.00033448057,0.000013263253,0.00013979225],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002204187,0.00013369754,0.00022752707,0.000010060101,0.00006110105,0.000020736956,0.00015500726,0.00007962739,0.003718665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006510612,0.00011689156,0.000043927557,0.0001554507,0.000035153393,0.00012985771,0.00017200162,0.00008557876,0.0032138694],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012285156,0.00022441229,0.78541034,0.00017407915,0.000060203536,0.000015722708,0.00041683536,0.0030454283,0.03443338,0.00068284053,0.16524157,0.010172308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009369039,0.0004207584,0.9259132,0.00010783024,0.000016276583,0.000009033016,0.00010873672,0.007537336,0.0058026654,0.000115168325,0.05875155,0.00028052437],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061555265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003165951,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14050284,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009522679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010084884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975622},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2959828323","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2806","title":"Effect of behavioral marginality on survival of an alpine ungulate","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Université du Québec à Rimouski","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Ungulate; Ecology; Habitat; Predation; Geography; Woodland; Range (aeronautics); Population; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.006763514277624201,"score_gpt":0.2508026238942013,"score_spread":0.24403910961657713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2959828323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.987709,0.0000032378289,0.0000028341078,0.000031952073,0.00015192069,0.00015094585,0.00000522015,0.000009752821,0.0119351465],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99885476,6.099207e-7,0.00009263331,0.00003117781,0.000009011835,0.0000030990866,0.000009281776,0.0000049930877,0.000994424],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939245,0.00012885357,0.00012682509,0.00014035052,0.00011575267,0.00009578572],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961895,0.00005247717,0.00008262824,0.00021392631,0.000004054261,0.000027983207],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034015687,0.0000673837,0.00014501617,0.0000040238183,0.000017787923,0.0000017013288,0.00011112478,0.000059672744,0.012430141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006826154,0.000058137462,0.00003627629,0.000069270514,0.000057750673,0.000095681426,0.000035880817,0.000058533264,0.0006914118],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016126412,0.000115593146,0.9923936,0.00001526147,0.0000047084322,0.0000012682219,0.00003623842,0.00052817777,0.0022813762,0.000057071622,0.0005698551,0.003835565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040196776,0.0014038162,0.9916184,0.000007237534,0.000011421755,5.2738784e-7,0.000010866217,0.00032503478,0.0059002806,0.000057338017,0.00020590289,0.000057236935],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004075857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00035952343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011738729,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002664481,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000045029706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98847264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2964252954","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2782","title":"Fences reduce habitat for a partially migratory ungulate in the Northern Sagebrush Steppe","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Conservation Association","funders":"U.S. Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan; University of Montana; Mitacs; Ministry of Environment; Foundation for North American Wild Sheep; University of Calgary; Alberta Conservation Association; Safari Club International Foundation; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies; World Wildlife Fund","keywords":"Ungulate; Habitat; Geography; Ecology; Steppe; Population; Fencing; Disturbance (geology); Resource (disambiguation); Vegetation (pathology); Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.00752644637056332,"score_gpt":0.21120050520596118,"score_spread":0.20367405883539785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2964252954","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96143275,0.00013748683,0.000021417585,0.0016043927,0.00015805064,0.00055817707,0.000003954688,0.0000169572,0.036066778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950753,0.000014882365,0.00019883433,0.001037346,0.00004973431,0.00006238458,0.0000028630566,0.000009826324,0.0035488533],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991574,0.0000454271,0.00014165905,0.00023703801,0.00017866144,0.00023977856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962443,0.000052919753,0.000047243127,0.0002408113,0.0000029882872,0.000031617834],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003119949,0.00010106796,0.00009956976,0.0000054324896,0.00006819141,0.000042818723,0.00031653163,0.00003212682,0.0011896957],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009947106,0.0000658368,0.00005636649,0.0001169153,0.000039975283,0.0001127254,0.000056389417,0.0000644473,0.0020624732],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000065670305,0.00014442239,0.76958257,0.00003084981,0.000018957657,0.0000114018885,0.0018167758,0.0057893456,0.00036563995,0.00012687115,0.1839249,0.038122594],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060149474,0.00013144921,0.8057269,0.00003010017,0.000010965211,0.0000010031604,0.0010497966,0.00081951235,0.0000858342,0.0008736404,0.19047733,0.0001920102],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025092717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01917642,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.037930585,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045936064,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008208272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997234},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965329910","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2829","title":"Bluebills and bayou bivalves: Hurricane‐driven trophic cascades affect wintering abundance of Lesser Scaup in Louisiana","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada; Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries","keywords":"Waterfowl; Aythya; Benthic zone; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Trophic level; Estuary; Fishery; Predation; Habitat; Trophic cascade; Environmental science; Oceanography; Biology; Predator","score_opus":0.005564253948565064,"score_gpt":0.22409496381260463,"score_spread":0.21853070986403958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2965329910","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8392717,0.000057907975,0.0000113700535,0.000107319756,0.000036334044,0.00018955904,0.0000028546535,0.000010402433,0.16031256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99315083,0.00011192899,0.0004317673,0.000035467925,0.000016230118,0.000008404268,0.0000016638273,0.000016227501,0.006227501],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989753,0.000048333175,0.0001814383,0.00030426012,0.00020939713,0.0002813068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995343,0.00005431298,0.00005267766,0.0002780076,0.0000051031734,0.000075606404],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015148222,0.000119959055,0.0002174704,0.000020255296,0.000029863333,0.000026799635,0.00023138923,0.00006191385,0.025360527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027552662,0.00010682174,0.000043951117,0.00023729053,0.00015642398,0.00020167482,0.0003188441,0.00017158977,0.0004529973],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004008765,0.000057061905,0.97060907,0.00012895578,0.000013695591,0.000015619844,0.00058849726,0.00046044658,0.011090824,0.000045241766,0.0018082928,0.015142209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008273042,0.00029676504,0.9673512,0.000109755565,0.000006892184,0.00001685378,0.00054883386,0.0027358464,0.0016898583,0.00027831344,0.025772912,0.00036549434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020274073,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025621685,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15408505,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007507872,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009522022,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97553045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2965395323","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2754","title":"Land use change and the migration geography of Greater White‐fronted geese in European Russia","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Period (music); Physical geography; Ecology; Waterfowl; Ecological succession; Flyway; Habitat; Biology","score_opus":0.0113091692754957,"score_gpt":0.17694291134280596,"score_spread":0.16563374206731027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2965395323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9897135,0.00003580714,0.0000038175804,0.00093599065,0.000044713353,0.00021461774,0.0000021261826,0.0000071445747,0.009042285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99871576,0.000022670698,0.00007638886,0.00047076953,0.0000110920855,0.000009057206,0.0000050418325,0.000004578656,0.00068464404],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995455,0.00010993606,0.00009889417,0.00011353133,0.000051084025,0.000081050865],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978876,0.000026732596,0.000048656988,0.00011866096,0.0000025759095,0.00001459771],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019968426,0.00005269027,0.00007289142,0.000008727221,0.000026755974,0.00001096845,0.00006263307,0.00002944515,0.0016750569],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008847942,0.000035004163,0.000018565617,0.000085138505,0.00008146194,0.00021433478,0.000045882643,0.000053233238,0.00029886418],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004476137,0.000011709273,0.99728984,0.0000025710938,0.0000036698093,0.0000011251242,0.0005788291,0.000026326745,0.00001524173,0.000017384029,0.0014363991,0.0005721189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006497965,0.000024997105,0.9972253,0.000008182376,0.0000044741196,0.0000011097492,0.000036156034,0.0007856369,0.0000069679054,0.00005597257,0.001157113,0.00004428351],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009731433,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0054934644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00900226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008451646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001166813,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99923754},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2966946597","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2787","title":"Temperature triggers a non‐linear response in resource–consumer interaction strength","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Chlorella vulgaris; Daphnia; Ecology; Biology; Resource (disambiguation); Food web; Mesocosm; Per capita; Growth rate; Atmospheric sciences; Algae; Environmental science; Zooplankton; Ecosystem; Mathematics; Computer science; Population; Physics","score_opus":0.0040994607360623145,"score_gpt":0.21313580357933687,"score_spread":0.20903634284327455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2966946597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95296353,0.000028976008,0.0000067903757,0.0001373966,0.0002307475,0.00029271183,0.000011923325,0.000023434759,0.046304505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98864025,0.000006750263,0.00035973327,0.00015597166,0.000030659085,0.000012789057,0.0000139190415,0.000018912608,0.010761043],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989191,0.00012579921,0.00025207736,0.00030055575,0.0001715972,0.00023084308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937266,0.00014396994,0.000088639514,0.00031945758,0.00000375118,0.00007151063],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033458657,0.00014291472,0.0001845701,0.000019991003,0.000042935055,0.000025373529,0.00015843434,0.0001244976,0.012320258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040041286,0.00012671457,0.000055079665,0.00021905435,0.000022710587,0.00017417945,0.000062568724,0.00028437556,0.0072795656],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0065122247,0.00081707805,0.5113917,0.00021011567,0.000115664734,0.00021624714,0.0062975567,0.08161853,0.047174577,0.00015168572,0.3246858,0.020808792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002780517,0.00047216358,0.31351563,0.00031115994,0.000017246732,0.00004303543,0.0026290629,0.12746419,0.001056538,0.00008010398,0.5508227,0.00080766395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026971882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013667115,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22613688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021964793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018060478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9934934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968443814","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2840","title":"Evidence of limiting similarity revealed using a conservative assessment of coexistence","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algoma University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Similarity (geometry); Limiting; Ecology; Niche; Null hypothesis; Null model; Empirical evidence; Biology; Predictive power; Evolutionary biology; Computer science; Econometrics; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Engineering","score_opus":0.17901047679026552,"score_gpt":0.30344553059457197,"score_spread":0.12443505380430644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2968443814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932773,0.00049694284,0.0000019539655,0.000121439974,0.000022485436,0.00012138733,0.00002341612,0.0000093989265,0.00592565],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99896187,0.00007413701,0.000775197,0.000044508008,0.00002308137,0.0000011763715,0.0000018370467,3.156145e-7,0.00011786987],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938285,0.0000447094,0.00018901154,0.00013583664,0.00013040447,0.000117169795],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99928486,0.000381033,0.00019183508,0.000020199517,0.000100674006,0.000021377438],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019318119,0.00007015582,0.00021954378,0.0000015113009,0.000055558692,0.000007040882,0.00012486168,0.00003356723,0.000429285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006702905,0.00002807988,0.00005626714,0.00014160007,0.000045369896,0.00008976681,0.00007642677,0.000060332095,0.000006251276],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023157334,0.000046495687,0.5071807,0.000059347796,0.000016557677,0.0000014688533,0.000060091574,0.000011114113,0.49125853,0.00018404188,0.00017431179,0.0009841744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066344626,0.00034659656,0.99245393,0.0008745682,0.000010471355,0.0000017211316,0.0007177203,0.0014605069,0.0037767473,0.00008784237,0.0001122148,0.000091356495],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027922654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00071550417,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48748177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014078879,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011654846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47003695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969702143","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2850","title":"Geese mediate vegetation state changes with parallel effects on N cycling that leave nutritional legacies for offspring","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Polar Programs; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Grazing; Lawn; Vegetation (pathology); Ecology; Cycling; Biology; Biomass (ecology); Agronomy; Soil water; Environmental science; Animal science; Geography; Forestry","score_opus":0.00790402045875117,"score_gpt":0.1996696265839013,"score_spread":0.19176560612515015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2969702143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98332214,0.00008665011,0.00078455865,0.0009765902,0.00015345878,0.0006221189,0.000004694947,0.000038876995,0.014010919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937022,0.000062751584,0.0018264449,0.00045641858,0.000085523316,0.00011116365,0.000017221644,0.000017027392,0.0037212642],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992351,0.000017459917,0.00006329609,0.00024156783,0.0002252333,0.00021732734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969745,0.000075932294,0.00005777644,0.00011830562,0.000003701993,0.000046863828],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011280054,0.00011838822,0.000114635535,0.000011442375,0.00008302118,0.000040881798,0.00009364624,0.000025306555,0.00026025256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000052398227,0.00009047117,0.000032911696,0.000050505543,0.000022343434,0.00015449624,0.000037384885,0.00005715757,0.0007823546],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012005765,0.0006872783,0.38274366,0.0022315583,0.00039770905,0.000086357955,0.0035259938,0.30086058,0.008182074,0.001434341,0.09627632,0.20237355],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0059925555,0.001369786,0.8939037,0.0006487279,0.000057782476,0.0000034311115,0.00035313983,0.012308582,0.012474758,0.0031502107,0.06888934,0.00084803125],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001598925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00031062038,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51116,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052653555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026672353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999565},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2973832120","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2823","title":"Moss and lichen asexual propagule dispersal may help to maintain the extant community in boreal forests","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; University of Manitoba; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Directorate for Biological Sciences; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Propagule; Lichen; Species richness; Biological dispersal; Biology; Moss; Ecology; Bryophyte; Taiga; Boreal; Botany","score_opus":0.014174713853586911,"score_gpt":0.22726729802719164,"score_spread":0.21309258417360474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2973832120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98559445,0.000063527696,9.844882e-7,0.0039755,0.00008100294,0.000407574,0.00002519799,0.000023384273,0.0098283915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981643,0.0000053400754,0.000029679666,0.0007419825,0.000088319684,0.00002701131,0.000020782289,0.0000011855371,0.0009214278],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991156,0.00020722068,0.00013271788,0.00017031758,0.00008500893,0.00028916722],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951535,0.00025112584,0.0000309301,0.000092911185,0.000017377402,0.00009231078],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041657191,0.000107872205,0.00014563103,0.0000029451714,0.00016259411,0.000050881798,0.00028555145,0.00008415378,0.0008579431],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000049508257,0.000035092322,0.000026728452,0.00015952054,0.000051658037,0.000068640395,0.00021967133,0.00026993666,0.00025036695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012493345,0.0002172023,0.9122741,0.000012584705,0.0000140884395,0.000011209289,0.0011156666,0.000013874847,0.0045999577,0.00395177,0.00637234,0.07129227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001562764,0.000430032,0.99016315,0.00000913677,0.000002508282,0.000006342895,0.0036612253,0.00026638928,0.00013291014,0.00047737322,0.004576836,0.000117799646],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0068092286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1423122,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13550296,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000044865916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000087741855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998045},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2974255196","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2868","title":"Diatom responses to long‐term climate and sea‐level rise at a low‐elevation lake in coastal British Columbia, Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; University of Ottawa","funders":"Canada Foundation for Innovation; Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions","keywords":"Diatom; Climate change; Lake ecosystem; Oceanography; Biota; Younger Dryas; Ecology; Bloom; Brackish water; Phytoplankton; Ecosystem; Physical geography; Geology; Environmental science; Salinity; Geography; Biology; Nutrient","score_opus":0.009649573047742558,"score_gpt":0.20988454278945706,"score_spread":0.2002349697417145,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2974255196","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99473536,0.00036216804,5.22998e-7,0.00021668639,0.00019582432,0.00029993558,0.0010275696,0.000013858311,0.0031480496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99206793,0.00010218588,0.000048817263,0.00027037374,0.000017940567,0.0000038772673,0.00025526562,0.000003768391,0.0072298246],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987078,0.0001558362,0.00017885251,0.0003095639,0.00016626854,0.0004816976],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931854,0.00029118572,0.000039212617,0.00014787797,0.000033464326,0.00016974707],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031266236,0.000085310276,0.00019292523,0.00001958334,0.00018260149,0.000085444684,0.00013524076,0.00010890217,0.017933061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007397956,0.00011796074,0.000017603252,0.00016040972,0.00006332904,0.000111552414,0.000048873757,0.00017561215,0.00083708524],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013094708,0.000009377658,0.9909459,0.00005040109,0.0000072036714,0.0002826199,0.000056600053,0.000055042787,0.0000016494703,4.622049e-7,0.007053769,0.0014060541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004930683,0.000080563266,0.99782676,0.00003980462,0.0000028477289,0.00012616393,0.000051719246,0.00026267613,0.000003467562,0.000015264623,0.00095463457,0.0001430163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7358234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26415038,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000052088626,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022895202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999409},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2974370660","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2851","title":"Controlling factors of plant community composition with respect to the slope aspect gradient in the Qilian Mountains","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","keywords":"Carex; Topsoil; Soil carbon; Plant community; Environmental science; Potentilla; Peat; Poa pratensis; Soil science; Geology; Agronomy; Ecology; Ecological succession; Soil water; Botany; Biology","score_opus":0.010496001758796579,"score_gpt":0.21633952373569848,"score_spread":0.2058435219769019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2974370660","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.976305,0.000019549156,0.00007622539,0.00084322505,0.000046675945,0.0004084555,0.000016005015,0.000006940896,0.022277936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994645,0.0000058026308,0.00008759264,0.00029985877,0.000004827423,0.00001464254,0.000009476953,0.000003954611,0.00010933929],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993063,0.00023259982,0.00012229843,0.00009175562,0.00011759859,0.00012942452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993953,0.00030011576,0.000060906426,0.00022212743,0.00000553474,0.000016005815],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042794168,0.0000756818,0.00011744426,0.0000075974203,0.00024012261,0.000010430681,0.00025282326,0.000023920824,0.00033567374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001262537,0.000038489165,0.000023550261,0.00014040867,0.000080671,0.0000501407,0.00006243348,0.0002084681,0.00015684836],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013369237,0.00017370963,0.9078522,0.0000084486155,0.000035375997,0.0000031516238,0.019251958,0.06871329,0.00034247054,0.002022518,0.0013758282,0.00008736127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003159902,0.00026446127,0.98971725,0.000015308691,0.000007902278,0.0000024158664,0.006801143,0.0019404611,0.000076472264,0.00028792268,0.0005068545,0.000063830514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010847299,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.074773535,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08186504,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008928052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046178384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9421094},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975326991","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2869","title":"Decline in the strength of genetic controls on aspen environmental responses from seasonal to century‐long phenomena","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Phenology; Biology; Climate change; Ecology; Genetic variability; clone (Java method); Growing degree-day; Genotype","score_opus":0.008849425031267377,"score_gpt":0.21001535342978273,"score_spread":0.20116592839851535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975326991","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925229,0.0013420378,0.00000147668,0.00034115624,0.00012324596,0.0003497064,0.0007309646,0.000011705602,0.0045768023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998796,0.00013793682,0.00026715422,0.0003988411,0.00007417652,0.000002202804,0.00007867571,0.000005799665,0.00023924049],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99864143,0.00024422214,0.00023445803,0.00026752934,0.0003437609,0.00026858537],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983284,0.0012019519,0.00007666847,0.00030819201,0.0000037801615,0.00008102877],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023504175,0.00014275359,0.0002031164,0.00002776738,0.000037831873,0.000038431892,0.0003781622,0.000045587763,0.016360544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058968264,0.00010026227,0.000052177616,0.000097850265,0.000033943772,0.000063438485,0.000026993323,0.000120711375,0.0027437948],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001171739,0.00007030174,0.96397597,0.000005101435,0.00001860186,0.000025692814,0.0002671242,0.002016381,0.00026016714,0.000008490443,0.000335312,0.031845093],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00064797164,0.00036921623,0.9915946,0.00003140909,0.00000805853,0.0000025397844,0.00043729827,0.0007191999,0.00013371295,0.000056071443,0.0058800313,0.000119898126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009246396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008030455,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031725194,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000012229988,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003136617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980327},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975646018","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2873","title":"Using the Ecology and Evolution‐Measuring Achievement and Progression in Science assessment to measure student thinking across the Four‐Dimensional Ecology Education framework","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Division of Undergraduate Education","keywords":"Ecology; Measure (data warehouse); Student achievement; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science; Academic achievement; Biology; Data mining","score_opus":0.06435107637053368,"score_gpt":0.4471317456969177,"score_spread":0.38278066932638405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975646018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9790094,0.00022344301,0.000121047735,0.015902983,0.0018995744,0.0008491255,5.1598414e-7,0.000013998752,0.0019799215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99504316,0.000017192144,0.003432625,0.0010991236,0.0001614375,0.000055060125,2.521942e-7,0.0000050620024,0.00018610242],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979055,0.0004193206,0.00018907596,0.00037832346,0.0006723616,0.00043541376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900705,0.00037823,0.00011138159,0.00021508182,0.00016817599,0.000120101584],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0057899915,0.00009761264,0.00011393587,0.000042348885,0.0024930947,0.0002901021,0.000458984,0.00008402599,0.00016224239],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003683906,0.00006353552,0.000016988955,0.0005838601,0.0005280819,0.00027046463,0.00027919238,0.00030576193,0.00001834583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006620455,0.00010609736,0.9219583,0.000003870688,0.0000042065612,3.004446e-7,0.046158887,0.0006648937,0.00024231756,0.024391122,0.00013056712,0.0063327933],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010060881,0.000043769658,0.9279607,0.00006120237,0.0000034259344,0.0000036537572,0.06596838,0.0003354953,0.000009017839,0.004235642,0.0011908673,0.00008724129],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006129617,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010522563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02015548,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005962668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0019408965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988055},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979068890","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2876","title":"Winter recreation and Canada lynx: reducing conflict through niche partitioning","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; University of Montana; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Recreation; Geography; Wildlife; Disturbance (geology); Carnivore; National park; Resource (disambiguation); Ecology; Predation; Biology","score_opus":0.007991259007430175,"score_gpt":0.19744571818051604,"score_spread":0.18945445917308587,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2979068890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91216636,0.000029836327,0.000037250564,0.0010258984,0.0001679061,0.000095473355,0.0000011591737,0.0000142644785,0.08646187],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900558,0.000014139742,0.00050867733,0.0014091587,0.000026189722,0.0000067422675,0.000008559136,0.0000053634276,0.007965388],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99952084,0.000025051171,0.00009635004,0.00016843098,0.0000715588,0.000117759184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997822,0.00003683098,0.000044988137,0.000104891085,0.0000041196486,0.00002696031],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007601285,0.000057848887,0.00006384198,0.000001605208,0.00009129791,0.000014277637,0.000046630612,0.000042237563,0.013277805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020804691,0.000057475998,0.00000978267,0.0000387186,0.000028279836,0.00022220421,0.000036321115,0.00006774062,0.0005444891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007799435,0.000006381158,0.8672419,0.0000037719406,0.0000066776834,0.0000016395131,0.0002926846,0.0006079377,0.000277902,0.00008457808,0.1305341,0.00093462644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001607983,0.000023694907,0.943864,0.000014709463,0.0000055561027,0.0000052020105,0.00022054747,0.00068416854,0.00034082463,0.00018602937,0.054407142,0.00008733097],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20139468,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4093555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2079608,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000110650646,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002785477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98762417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2981502585","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2904","title":"Slowing down wolves to protect boreal caribou populations: a spatial simulation model of linear feature restoration","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Canis; Boreal; Population; Geography; Predation; Ecology; Ursus maritimus; Biology; Demography; Arctic","score_opus":0.01791679848703092,"score_gpt":0.2492322698299556,"score_spread":0.23131547134292468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2981502585","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98253125,0.0000070379724,0.012307015,0.0006508134,0.00013204425,0.00064076844,0.000012141858,0.000035473055,0.0036834634],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892442,5.2746736e-7,0.009153653,0.00022810612,0.00004889138,0.00003106929,0.000058720045,0.000010301621,0.0012245041],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992445,0.000041961015,0.00018160931,0.00022288447,0.00017440293,0.00013465999],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959797,0.00003471128,0.000097053875,0.00020717055,0.000019998208,0.00004307708],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001516068,0.000094956675,0.00011733078,0.000016271348,0.000106079904,0.000011151016,0.00009749481,0.00013342853,0.00076055597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009433695,0.00009424134,0.000040134502,0.0001714261,0.000019556583,0.00031023152,0.000053062864,0.0001095194,0.0003781933],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000050836443,0.000022272738,0.24347517,0.0000060126777,0.0000037101393,2.1086508e-7,0.00030265888,0.750899,0.00097001053,0.00006099785,0.002523014,0.0016861125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000174236,0.00006491882,0.4944834,0.000012396319,0.000006616135,2.0721173e-7,0.00002554357,0.50419736,0.0001981703,0.00040410768,0.0003512446,0.00008180461],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011579479,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035175176,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25100824,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001062239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024558844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83275545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2983952985","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2922","title":"Ecological implications of changing hatchery practices for Chinook salmon in the Salish Sea","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"National Fish and Wildlife Foundation","keywords":"Hatchery; Chinook wind; Fishery; Predation; Marine ecosystem; Habitat; Juvenile; Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Oncorhynchus; Biology; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.017912637129021462,"score_gpt":0.26387364164038996,"score_spread":0.2459610045113685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2983952985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76772463,0.000017181143,0.000029128561,0.0051316577,0.000061373925,0.0005006121,0.0000037331802,0.000010744849,0.22652094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958279,0.000027642907,0.00044638943,0.0012916297,0.000016888593,0.00014112476,0.0000051717416,0.0000038659136,0.0022393852],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994701,0.000038800634,0.00010941574,0.00015507523,0.000055232955,0.00017134762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994139,0.00027334475,0.00014470272,0.00015523855,0.0000033960691,0.000009437502],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004090134,0.000057229816,0.000093185954,0.000007945188,0.00008993426,0.0000084839485,0.00020986584,0.000042733627,0.002614766],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009183836,0.000040217234,0.000031511874,0.00013196413,0.00004893457,0.00014931304,0.00013123517,0.00006487525,0.00028427166],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015071635,0.00017535579,0.8262565,0.000022097729,0.000016616976,6.412774e-7,0.0007761643,0.0002484056,0.00006156894,0.0017143543,0.1698289,0.0008843225],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015919784,0.00008265309,0.9705735,0.0000030723638,0.000010250283,5.937692e-7,0.0017582574,0.00015998827,0.000019839095,0.0016531302,0.025525857,0.000053678566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006629062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0045597404,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22810328,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032256285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000030635226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985190161","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2916","title":"Interspecific competition in bats and diet shifts in response to white‐nose syndrome","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute; Genome Canada","keywords":"Myotis lucifugus; Eptesicus fuscus; Biology; Ecology; Competition (biology); Interspecific competition; Guano; Human echolocation; Zoology; Predation","score_opus":0.010521455478467308,"score_gpt":0.20530611280256886,"score_spread":0.19478465732410155,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2985190161","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99079204,0.00018045695,7.138606e-8,0.0055518094,0.00015750116,0.00019072025,0.000009074355,0.00001676582,0.0031015414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987354,0.00003694449,0.00002595593,0.00036246705,0.000015725444,0.000016441809,0.000007352588,5.245481e-7,0.00079916324],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925953,0.000120651035,0.00013248698,0.00024943348,0.000032351127,0.00020555015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968576,0.00020734352,0.000022622631,0.000036541573,0.000009653528,0.000038098093],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002866508,0.00008692086,0.00017066326,0.0000107270625,0.0000445666,0.000011772827,0.000093269926,0.0001068011,0.0019986045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041240448,0.00003854878,0.000018761237,0.00018583116,0.000038907925,0.00006207493,0.000096655174,0.00011691827,0.0006829977],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018405141,0.0001520943,0.97746116,0.000008689026,0.000011147374,0.00007746491,0.0008842287,0.00001142438,0.011565645,0.00026922175,0.0044196425,0.0032987986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018690198,0.0007319298,0.99313307,0.00003297102,8.233543e-7,0.0000049003725,0.0012668937,0.000006002158,0.000011263978,0.00024699874,0.004279944,0.00009831865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006515923,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019480545,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.019415386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032132277,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002427261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2990770736","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3017","title":"Native tree and shrub canopy facilitates oak seedling regeneration in semiarid woodland","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Seedling growth and survival studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Lethbridge","funders":"Directorate for Biological Sciences; University of Reading","keywords":"Juniper; Canopy; Woodland; Biology; Shrub; Seedling; Ecology; Agroforestry; Agronomy","score_opus":0.014530084670906945,"score_gpt":0.20686560937864784,"score_spread":0.1923355247077409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2990770736","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96427506,0.00054174423,0.000078457255,0.0017197081,0.000049464088,0.00010900475,0.0000115155035,0.000028837061,0.033186216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984165,0.000102729406,0.00051818806,0.00048613438,0.00004461344,0.000009741457,0.000007234575,0.000006992805,0.0004078791],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926215,0.000034701465,0.00013474733,0.00026358783,0.00012711462,0.0001777225],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976295,0.00006223263,0.000028341221,0.000055907272,0.0000044154663,0.000086131084],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010654633,0.00010753988,0.00013379387,0.00000540929,0.00010338245,0.000025480495,0.00006899268,0.000041520067,0.00046387024],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000102195285,0.00009631494,0.000019003053,0.00015881976,0.000060542447,0.00012819495,0.00008747151,0.00010302616,0.00017048462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006873192,0.000035272486,0.9325199,0.000029051695,0.000025750858,0.000021254526,0.011603504,0.005809167,0.010091357,0.00006510573,0.020157203,0.019573674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014519219,0.00026561448,0.9258087,0.00003593564,0.000016540029,0.0000033635697,0.004509853,0.028251242,0.009208793,0.0012942778,0.028528186,0.0006255698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008580763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0046649757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034141432,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006109317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059780464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50790536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2991179133","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2946","title":"Landbird trends in protected areas using time‐to‐event occupancy models","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carbon Engineering (Canada); Parks Canada","funders":"Parks Canada","keywords":"Occupancy; Wildlife; Environmental science; Statistics; Breeding bird survey; Physical geography; Geography; Habitat; Ecology; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.011472180518378231,"score_gpt":0.22314631743407132,"score_spread":0.2116741369156931,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2991179133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95959425,0.0000080012005,0.00022578941,0.0002799814,0.00005656333,0.00023609174,0.0000024261644,0.000035014556,0.03956186],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98448914,4.7113215e-7,0.0014628954,0.00039875126,0.00001675359,0.000023951168,0.000006927194,0.000011050885,0.013590079],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992753,0.000041529194,0.00014155921,0.00023497047,0.00010018896,0.0002064013],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971366,0.000012923492,0.00004395679,0.0001746159,0.000003562332,0.000051272476],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011336319,0.00009064438,0.000112768364,0.000020224701,0.00003982276,0.000009730521,0.00011967626,0.00008019456,0.040437374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000076038086,0.00008836682,0.000028119208,0.00031500237,0.00001393134,0.00020303387,0.00007572868,0.000095212796,0.012380212],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008089947,0.00013486962,0.8380056,0.0000055017013,0.000009728886,0.000009820788,0.0002560854,0.11965778,0.0013710986,0.000032773474,0.027265955,0.013169879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035852718,0.00005181534,0.85572,0.000018800269,0.0000036205174,0.0000032079674,0.000013882437,0.14164148,0.00007267182,0.00047774037,0.0014895061,0.00014877105],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00039387913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00063795596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028057162,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014683075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001092189,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9883888},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2994705226","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2976","title":"Development of a model ensemble to predict Peary caribou populations in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université de Sherbrooke; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Endangered species; Arctic; Threatened species; Archipelago; Population; Ecology; Wildlife; Geography; Vital rates; Population growth; Biology; Habitat; Demography","score_opus":0.04855766896788638,"score_gpt":0.25634398739967396,"score_spread":0.20778631843178758,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2994705226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8390261,0.000007504928,0.00004005326,0.0004059255,0.00003668691,0.00020619121,0.00003351313,0.000005096084,0.16023895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99779403,8.78258e-7,0.0012237945,0.000345044,0.00000362757,0.000021442185,0.000048927686,0.0000046536093,0.00055759226],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993462,0.000016159785,0.00013364227,0.00012528773,0.00017793813,0.00020079754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969894,0.00000831681,0.000022762279,0.0001745539,0.0000048254847,0.00009058442],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013836102,0.000060174054,0.00006605792,0.000012573088,0.00008219361,0.000014275528,0.00018155316,0.000029601697,0.022267178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013301648,0.000048999987,0.000021207836,0.0001796966,0.00001879661,0.000044753993,0.00005014309,0.00006803646,0.002045327],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051462768,0.0004608775,0.64845616,0.00009420585,0.000027498458,0.000016103453,0.07056623,0.06917616,0.0038672423,0.019848678,0.16993919,0.017496217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013051809,0.000014969848,0.98106533,0.000012414628,0.000002543015,0.0000017527187,0.0034021994,0.0033082517,0.00007067117,0.000369253,0.011529152,0.00009291686],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08039106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.95321083,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8728198,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000641885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000069389964,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2994980304","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2967","title":"The effectiveness of hazing African lions as a conflict mitigation tool: implications for carnivore management","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Nature Conservancy; Robertson Foundation; Panthera","keywords":"Carnivore; Livestock; National park; Geography; Panthera; Predation; Livelihood; Socioeconomics; Ecology; Biology; Agriculture","score_opus":0.006411348941596833,"score_gpt":0.22719404896975307,"score_spread":0.22078270002815623,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2994980304","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9076249,0.00002254896,0.00057392434,0.00076545676,0.00008972743,0.0008524197,0.000006329466,0.000017699318,0.09004698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967033,0.000011824517,0.0004170485,0.00010025476,0.000009028675,0.00030384713,0.000013159987,0.0000068650543,0.0024346244],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946976,0.000070800874,0.00012134201,0.00015501643,0.000056658835,0.00012642906],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923396,0.0004379973,0.00007628316,0.0002191396,0.000013367654,0.000019275449],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037704824,0.00005972206,0.00007319176,0.000005450468,0.00020384797,0.000012945663,0.00014412946,0.000038908125,0.00032742103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038271563,0.000048765847,0.000046281475,0.0001271077,0.000064391774,0.00008994052,0.000051690087,0.00004030074,0.0003611774],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012733051,0.00007398848,0.87322587,0.00007104122,0.0000773868,2.7282812e-7,0.00020788374,0.001687141,0.0022718527,0.10100025,0.009476297,0.01178066],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025910992,0.000061324165,0.9673456,0.00001557026,0.000018057355,8.8220025e-7,0.00016656617,0.00027023355,0.0003184895,0.0077270563,0.023754697,0.00006242767],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000076236174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020192476,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09411969,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000067431545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000988221,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46423253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995556928","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2971","title":"Tactical departures and strategic arrivals: Divergent effects of climate and weather on caribou spring migrations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yukon Department of Environment; Government of Northwest Territories","funders":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Park Service; Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Arctic; Climate change; Geography; Range (aeronautics); North Atlantic oscillation; Climatology; Environmental science; Phenology; Snowmelt; Physical geography; Ecology; Snow; Geology; Biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.01752701740941506,"score_gpt":0.3222528233035609,"score_spread":0.3047258058941459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995556928","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95885086,0.00092980283,0.0000024409799,0.00026816962,0.00044741295,0.0005987671,0.000013062802,0.000018112147,0.038871378],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981607,0.0009997156,0.000102316844,0.00023852335,0.000066083405,0.000039239305,0.0000022730464,0.000012148139,0.0003789819],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99906796,0.00010291493,0.00018007173,0.00017015659,0.000060551774,0.0004183223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992913,0.0004013093,0.00008058639,0.00012780365,0.00003678253,0.000062192186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014910675,0.00009833957,0.00022108258,0.000011763324,0.0007660829,0.0000047855424,0.00003676713,0.000115403556,0.00063832186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036602003,0.000077109464,0.000025473795,0.000031291176,0.000027575314,0.000027621878,0.0001080386,0.00020233046,0.0002090595],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018167785,0.00023979838,0.89713377,0.0025050149,0.00026898747,0.00002528757,0.023602786,0.000047680234,0.0007517176,0.068951674,0.0055825277,0.00070909015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023968318,0.001514356,0.94520175,0.00043515104,0.00014976984,0.0000038409694,0.03138335,0.00044561503,0.00026922175,0.0025718936,0.015207499,0.00042071138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012138259,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020655915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.066379786,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040564282,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004353138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99721456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996588397","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2964","title":"Contingent faculty in ecology and <scp>STEM</scp>: an uneven landscape of challenges for higher education","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Doctoral Education Challenges and Solutions","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Directorate for Education and Human Resources; Ecological Society of America","keywords":"Workforce; Contingency; Sample (material); Medical education; Psychology; Political science; Medicine","score_opus":0.17972773139763568,"score_gpt":0.4823048439910904,"score_spread":0.30257711259345477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2996588397","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9546945,0.00431417,0.0000015164128,0.0035609822,0.0014583151,0.00088120054,0.000034541645,0.000024562605,0.035030205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9691866,0.00060271367,0.00034869925,0.00022908696,0.00020795672,0.00029069957,0.00006235501,0.000017978415,0.02905388],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99895024,0.00013787053,0.00033307436,0.00024131247,0.00006495945,0.00027253726],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990147,0.00034760102,0.00019508824,0.00019605143,0.00015268923,0.00009389789],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029551773,0.00010221838,0.00025222488,0.000037479014,0.00011019086,0.0000044435274,0.000096362994,0.00019426536,0.00066090265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045264933,0.00009376397,0.000032679774,0.0000660637,0.000017531213,0.000117962314,0.000036287136,0.00016946011,0.00012331954],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046883088,0.001642445,0.57704616,0.0023274366,0.00009337664,4.0199524e-7,0.034407564,0.000075046024,0.00015989572,0.14300328,0.21550745,0.025690038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007251906,0.00014758743,0.6797315,0.000105807674,0.000009823599,2.7353246e-7,0.029630264,0.0000885131,0.0000053714466,0.0012926814,0.28821304,0.000049936836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013519905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028305126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14171061,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057282617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002942326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7236421},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996695917","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2974","title":"Timing to temperature: Egg‐laying dates respond to temperature and are under stronger selection at northern latitudes","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Songbird; Climate change; Phenology; Latitude; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Biology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Fledge; Nest (protein structural motif); Geography","score_opus":0.007877670046033548,"score_gpt":0.2265624056737722,"score_spread":0.21868473562773866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2996695917","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969336,0.000041973533,0.0000044510484,0.00068452634,0.00014551565,0.000360539,0.000010408808,0.000044852015,0.0017741779],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9694379,0.000002188388,0.0008812778,0.000818476,0.000047302132,0.000019871088,0.000008243881,0.000022636223,0.028762078],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989686,0.000040171006,0.00012405943,0.00043600705,0.00013928756,0.00029185155],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995881,0.000032657066,0.00004286234,0.00018635034,0.0000109884095,0.00013907475],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000107490836,0.00016699925,0.00015105912,0.000016342832,0.00027419018,0.00005797324,0.0001285624,0.00016648548,0.00979378],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015779715,0.00014656552,0.000026542057,0.00020514267,0.000030422709,0.00021477973,0.00020845704,0.00020110185,0.0045623365],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047316502,0.000026502976,0.90617925,0.0000051348666,0.000008499233,0.000004606311,0.00031542534,0.0026628613,0.0803517,0.0000026476282,0.010027699,0.00036833438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017917689,0.000111495785,0.9912487,0.000023879547,0.000013135708,0.000011717553,0.0005099884,0.000013790802,0.003958892,0.0000119528395,0.0037028133,0.00021443008],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000029093846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008566723,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.085069455,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022726522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009675262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9962127},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996953573","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2988","title":"Aerial spraying of bacterial insecticides to control spruce budworm defoliation leads to reduced carbon losses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spruce budworm; Balsam; Taiga; Choristoneura fumiferana; Environmental science; Outbreak; Forestry; Boreal; Disturbance (geology); Aerial application; Ecology; Biology; Pesticide; Geography; Horticulture; Tortricidae; Lepidoptera genitalia","score_opus":0.010042090071710091,"score_gpt":0.21535860522713954,"score_spread":0.20531651515542945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2996953573","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9804239,0.0000064968362,0.00022339224,0.0009895585,0.00058393436,0.0005075877,0.000006377601,0.00004321948,0.017215528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972115,0.0000018467324,0.0009330843,0.0014101113,0.00024534678,0.000038117294,0.0000037289608,0.000014685302,0.00014153568],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902713,0.00004606074,0.00024420142,0.00028467088,0.00015304213,0.00024488647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995589,0.00003661399,0.00008530847,0.0001552162,0.000009656329,0.00015428725],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012575102,0.00012691921,0.00019939421,0.000012951212,0.000064902284,0.000020013422,0.00020089807,0.00006731698,0.0054464173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020483744,0.00012886546,0.000042286738,0.00024112852,0.000039256334,0.00010533131,0.00015159536,0.000070106464,0.0008393228],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018255347,0.0001651661,0.024616063,0.00005639128,0.00006798369,0.00002280409,0.0030965693,0.026963755,0.8954734,0.0005914183,0.04275788,0.004363036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034198333,0.0027845432,0.7917095,0.000051539482,0.00013095909,0.0000058940363,0.0003681903,0.0013510889,0.17701869,0.0006253775,0.021688852,0.00084557617],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00066313945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024505276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7670934,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011710842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015550122,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99993867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999557871","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3003","title":"How does tree regeneration respond to mixed‐severity fire in the western Oregon Cascades,<scp>USA</scp>?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Oregon State University","keywords":"Regeneration (biology); Species richness; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Basal area; Fire ecology; Fire regime; Disturbance (geology); Geography; Forestry; Biology; Environmental science; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.010529411133412806,"score_gpt":0.20583548964025433,"score_spread":0.19530607850684154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999557871","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98224616,0.000087573884,0.00012050619,0.00945719,0.00028622727,0.000735788,0.000020392978,0.000055130302,0.0069910064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892867,0.000010144406,0.0003894422,0.00194879,0.0002553934,0.00009301037,0.000011256076,0.000029605035,0.007975657],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998004,0.00038109673,0.00023404487,0.00054650626,0.0004462089,0.00038811186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990298,0.00023339794,0.000097894736,0.00045620193,0.0000071610934,0.00017550978],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004730201,0.00023503105,0.00023065181,0.000010353804,0.00013455644,0.00021967308,0.0005878199,0.00013462515,0.00030305336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003681419,0.00015595891,0.00006779905,0.0004944892,0.00004637608,0.00042545394,0.00018130918,0.00024867468,0.0024398838],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006293291,0.0001587689,0.121578105,0.00010460464,0.000021991356,0.00022537429,0.010602164,0.0014953833,0.021850832,0.000046080986,0.7782686,0.06558519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057635846,0.0003731114,0.46560064,0.000050394567,0.000014295737,0.000021579659,0.0009922694,0.010370245,0.014474361,0.000050897215,0.5072334,0.00024245508],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011873861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.048900492,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3440225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018553491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012929155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99833685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2999754605","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.2985","title":"What controls fire spatial patterns? Predictability of fire characteristics in the Canadian boreal plains ecozone","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; fRI Research","keywords":"Boreal; Taiga; Fire regime; Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Predictability; Disturbance (geology); Fire ecology; Common spatial pattern; Landscape ecology; Physical geography; Spatial ecology; Geography; Fire protection; Ecology; Environmental resource management; Ecosystem; Forestry; Habitat; Geology","score_opus":0.0074676361404893195,"score_gpt":0.19331041502901158,"score_spread":0.18584277888852227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2999754605","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916952,0.000051983403,0.000015795227,0.0031260962,0.00031655078,0.0007515342,0.0002790683,0.000021704076,0.0037420422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986736,0.000020483863,0.000017255868,0.0009737305,0.00016130792,0.000045158904,0.0000630789,0.000018201421,0.000027172622],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983289,0.00021035087,0.00040314774,0.00033806788,0.0003409943,0.00037852945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990752,0.00016013146,0.0001521968,0.0003713563,0.000009217974,0.0002319242],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004041125,0.00018092222,0.0003183262,0.0000051649595,0.00010039189,0.000091112975,0.0004906868,0.00012600173,0.003090263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000176836,0.00014441299,0.00006890009,0.00014520713,0.00009562844,0.00031945403,0.00006190979,0.00026050658,0.00037403306],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004323894,0.00008566083,0.9440842,0.00008937706,0.000013786551,0.00006805871,0.0030280193,0.00006675876,0.00006479381,0.000004619372,0.007902927,0.044548538],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004316612,0.00017754288,0.95098835,0.000052837528,0.000009566921,0.000003638542,0.00036350827,0.043866538,0.00004967169,0.0000074821924,0.0039052234,0.00014397026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5074141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.91846955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41105542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00029406653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000612712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99782103},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3000151891","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3005","title":"Can singing rate be used to predict male breeding status of forest songbirds? A comparison of three calibration models","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Society of Canadian Ornithologists; Suncor Energy Incorporated; Bird Studies Canada; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Seasonal breeder; Ecology; Regression analysis; Regression; Multilevel model; Biology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.08275600818511274,"score_gpt":0.30203391803441676,"score_spread":0.219277909849304,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3000151891","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9793611,0.00017514825,0.018333891,0.000615776,0.000018684643,0.00017638727,0.00005734775,0.000012460185,0.0012491788],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99768937,0.000012696597,0.0019211568,0.00016141466,0.00003448828,0.000008318995,0.000091945934,0.000016457894,0.00006415826],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993039,0.000030174195,0.0002498026,0.000160309,0.00009625659,0.000159607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994802,0.00001051317,0.00011874889,0.00019563582,0.0000704017,0.0001245389],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000059893096,0.00009039481,0.00016605032,0.0000084707945,0.000040382423,0.000011854557,0.00017205252,0.00007210432,0.00007213199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045912773,0.00009177125,0.000055820397,0.00009375017,0.000031894466,0.0000075888147,0.0001297821,0.00006715276,0.0000017513674],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020038805,0.0001101703,0.13698393,0.00006194732,0.00003406466,6.3860386e-7,0.0009453848,0.015855407,0.83822685,0.00044550933,0.005624802,0.0015109289],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015957087,0.0029496045,0.052590776,0.00011495212,0.00010739446,0.0000022664187,0.0028221721,0.31581345,0.6165566,0.0001643156,0.0067383936,0.00054434664],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017381865,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002151557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29995805,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010542302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006449336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3742323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002456353","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3022","title":"Disturbance macroecology: a comparative study of community structure metrics in a high‐severity disturbance regime","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cascades (Canada)","funders":"Division of Graduate Education; Directorate for Biological Sciences; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Macroecology; Ecology; Disturbance (geology); Relative abundance distribution; Ecosystem; Abundance (ecology); Understory; Biology; Environmental science; Species richness; Relative species abundance","score_opus":0.015084224149572698,"score_gpt":0.24314582205492516,"score_spread":0.22806159790535246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002456353","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99458,0.00010613393,0.00006490594,0.00020877717,0.000093914954,0.00059569365,0.00006854004,0.000023669665,0.004258372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99932575,0.0000060782772,0.0003527046,0.00013270164,0.000013058799,0.000017865814,0.0000076179676,0.0000103758575,0.00013383244],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984211,0.00036290506,0.00038050534,0.000306657,0.00026727264,0.00026159277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990744,0.00013884448,0.00024212206,0.00041805534,0.000015267282,0.000111333946],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018827891,0.00019458345,0.0004700859,0.000013069596,0.00016271505,0.000017691003,0.0006974889,0.00008475446,0.00077005447],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000072453215,0.00016828986,0.000041734744,0.0009200196,0.0001754359,0.0001472842,0.00044282526,0.0005353734,0.000074251424],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001263586,0.0012930437,0.9546668,0.00010062132,0.000041022493,0.000035997415,0.022015762,0.013029525,0.0006602219,0.00014584557,0.007162517,0.00072227494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00082309084,0.0004608459,0.9860975,0.000013907304,0.0000110635265,0.0000022237177,0.0051853843,0.0063391873,0.000109957575,0.0003773065,0.0003772389,0.00020225516],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003725905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03699895,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033273045,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018603023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013024401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9805733},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3002800787","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3015","title":"Larval dispersal in a changing ocean with an emphasis on upwelling regions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":74,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"California Sea Grant, University of California, San Diego; Division of Ocean Sciences; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate; University of California; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Ecology; Climate change; Biology; Plankton; Population; Habitat; Ocean acidification; Adaptation (eye); Larva; Upwelling","score_opus":0.01984471139801908,"score_gpt":0.23256643018834444,"score_spread":0.21272171879032536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3002800787","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.71819866,0.0000025799236,0.000166545,0.0014463108,0.000010481488,0.00010188156,0.0000016515713,0.00003102635,0.28004086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99702466,0.000012530286,0.00057904184,0.00060917786,0.00006079141,0.000004643643,0.0000057133634,0.000016774498,0.0016866626],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991532,0.000028339837,0.000075808835,0.00025955678,0.00019727384,0.00028583818],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996755,0.000014920265,0.000016169182,0.0001442489,0.0000020761129,0.00014708772],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007590977,0.000084587264,0.00008618874,0.000013107295,0.00008220526,0.000035550896,0.00016869421,0.000030277746,0.011639103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014175715,0.00007045196,0.00002013468,0.0004524307,0.000049262337,0.00017514596,0.000104700455,0.00015803505,0.00038540727],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00078215334,0.00043949968,0.83003294,0.00004162686,0.00002940873,0.000659354,0.012938842,0.007703821,0.00017750445,0.0011365875,0.025971955,0.12008629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033690373,0.004404898,0.06786901,0.000080037185,0.000023845805,0.000029473405,0.014609456,0.31162477,0.0008123712,0.00034141538,0.5953556,0.0014801314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033515663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012556391,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76216394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052441683,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007208019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98926437},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005184946","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3018","title":"Effects of species traits, motif profiles, and environment on spatial variation in multi‐trophic antagonistic networks","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecology; Ecological network; Food web; Community; Spatial variability; Community structure; Interaction network; Spatial ecology; Biology; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.021377241421212657,"score_gpt":0.166335702340598,"score_spread":0.14495846091938533,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005184946","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99854213,0.00042692723,0.00003344303,0.00055597007,0.000017083194,0.00017041616,0.000021281898,0.000011415128,0.00022134409],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992841,0.00040428218,0.00006349965,0.00006427596,0.00012903175,0.0000061744595,0.00000774623,5.2994926e-7,0.000040362163],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99954206,0.000027765049,0.000102158665,0.00015191788,0.0000683142,0.0001077899],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998148,0.000098007644,0.00004350915,0.0000059232375,0.0000031895647,0.000034566485],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000028549646,0.00007991081,0.00013249413,0.0000013422612,0.00005014801,0.000010885307,0.000048889542,0.000039732393,0.0001413132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021342856,0.00003301865,0.000020768772,0.00004945233,0.0000241014,0.000021007612,0.00003188851,0.00006377705,0.00001366509],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004262731,0.00058303523,0.049047433,0.00015619287,0.00005724687,0.000066252964,0.0006654603,0.0017302623,0.8356556,0.0007136548,0.0017851508,0.109113395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001855684,0.00035848503,0.9932933,0.000021653705,0.000005949914,2.9893803e-7,0.000023661665,0.004484785,0.0010171569,0.000020349526,0.000516966,0.00007181145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011669006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037220443,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9442459,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008500937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.954946e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15472804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005443290","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3014","title":"A multiscale approach to water quality variables in a river ecosystem","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Lawrence River Institute of Environmental Sciences","funders":"New York Sea Grant, State University of New York; National Research Council Canada; Beacon Institute for Rivers and Estuaries; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Spurious relationship; Scale (ratio); Computer science; Ecosystem; Temporal scales; Environmental science; Term (time); Water quality; Environmental resource management; Quality (philosophy); Function (biology); Data mining; Remote sensing; Ecology; Machine learning; Cartography; Geography","score_opus":0.017757535150494847,"score_gpt":0.21582845639687662,"score_spread":0.19807092124638176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3005443290","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6941087,0.000004126383,0.0010150587,0.0020926087,0.000048916187,0.0003113105,0.0000040682817,0.000041539035,0.30237365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916505,0.000002665152,0.0038487886,0.0027432053,0.000022516744,0.00007724392,0.0000032156483,0.0000073931687,0.0016444308],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990837,0.00006848179,0.00016875996,0.00032866516,0.00009455999,0.00025583606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997608,0.000018401764,0.00002011715,0.00012355963,0.0000020027808,0.000075106975],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002091284,0.000098024626,0.0001631293,0.0000050960225,0.00007581817,0.000010189063,0.00017848186,0.000046461962,0.004115377],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002698374,0.00007526032,0.000027381317,0.00011509657,0.000025466381,0.00010568539,0.0004402208,0.00007543421,0.006630107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007940614,0.00030710638,0.33758447,0.000110713045,0.000045355086,0.000016644874,0.010807248,0.010407186,0.0003795632,0.00044478558,0.63920647,0.00061104906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007139645,0.000081409504,0.88401645,0.00000757778,0.000010698703,6.8182544e-7,0.000939024,0.0039301636,0.00026938858,0.0003508408,0.10938245,0.0002973662],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002508691,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042255656,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54643196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006508483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013194341,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3006138665","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3036","title":"Equitable transform applied to phenology and temperature in a changing climate: Scaling to maintain individuality","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; ArcticNet; Polar Knowledge Canada","keywords":"Missing data; Scaling; Set (abstract data type); Sequence (biology); Data set; Principal component analysis; Transformation (genetics); Function (biology); Computer science; Multidimensional scaling; Data mining; Algorithm; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.016866065648802945,"score_gpt":0.23255835387009782,"score_spread":0.21569228822129488,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3006138665","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98335814,0.00025284322,0.00007392332,0.0040141013,0.00006124191,0.0004024448,0.00015999611,0.00008475831,0.01159256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947852,0.000027075253,0.0026477322,0.00237589,0.00007319041,0.000007052525,0.000033810713,0.000008129465,0.00004195025],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983744,0.00005152755,0.00021738639,0.00039019008,0.00014052997,0.00082595216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943906,0.00011654211,0.000025249741,0.00011353132,0.00000905102,0.00029654682],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005233286,0.00016197859,0.00025843453,0.00008498682,0.00016010582,0.00009917085,0.00018348133,0.00010111905,0.001247541],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061647916,0.00015024454,0.0000232209,0.0007477106,0.000020928741,0.00010662976,0.000059570968,0.0001899124,0.00055489107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0035105133,0.00010816364,0.40597686,0.0010870218,0.00010673519,0.0003550152,0.050813325,0.051652297,0.007257419,0.00752056,0.0036524893,0.46795958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019006225,0.00067662855,0.9530062,0.00020984268,0.000032132302,0.000035311943,0.017219327,0.0033668478,0.0029763414,0.0009655855,0.01846356,0.0011475744],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020862286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004957788,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5470294,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011060012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029861907,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99966544},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3008697538","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3045","title":"Richness, phylogenetic diversity, and abundance all have positive effects on invader performance in an arid ecosystem","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Species richness; Biology; Ecology; Phylogenetic diversity; Ecosystem; Invasive species; Introduced species; Biodiversity; Arid; Resistance (ecology); Phylogenetic tree","score_opus":0.010725984334883393,"score_gpt":0.20272909828962735,"score_spread":0.19200311395474395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3008697538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913486,0.000083050174,0.000021302862,0.00045082593,0.00005263813,0.00020789356,0.0000041384656,0.00001699827,0.007814552],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99839073,0.00005885762,0.00012146752,0.0012976828,0.000020813277,0.000012062415,0.000003291798,0.0000067026544,0.000088370725],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992975,0.000060508704,0.00009273435,0.00028841186,0.00008972845,0.00017109186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997346,0.00006357763,0.000045921333,0.000078651065,0.000004520434,0.000072764924],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000067275774,0.00011139136,0.00013391416,0.0000067979827,0.0002883551,0.000010357261,0.00012740787,0.000056763543,0.0001521475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012738238,0.00010860423,0.000014496211,0.000073412266,0.00005948595,0.00015164471,0.00043823227,0.000121625504,0.00033859658],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027592334,0.000036184327,0.9919795,0.000036308295,0.0000108716185,0.000017866092,0.0029204215,0.0037124052,0.00008675194,0.000040952575,0.00022053854,0.00091060693],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038382213,0.0003307234,0.9777282,0.000019191702,0.000008461516,0.0000016048915,0.00013484125,0.020800421,0.00028355067,0.0001071113,0.000073131356,0.00012895913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034872064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004416822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017088015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007048316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027500678,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4428752},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3012339679","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3073","title":"Host plant resistance promotes a secondary pest population","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Bombardier (Canada)","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Howard Hughes Medical Institute","keywords":"Leafhopper; Biology; PEST analysis; Agronomy; Intercropping; Integrated pest management; Hemiptera; Ecology; Botany","score_opus":0.011056219277255487,"score_gpt":0.1863064806787805,"score_spread":0.17525026140152503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3012339679","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9670762,0.0001809955,0.0000022673664,0.005135977,0.000104576124,0.00013406605,0.0002285262,0.00007979438,0.027057607],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99729127,0.000009688716,0.000057032816,0.00076285435,0.0003663157,0.00001118034,0.00018652972,7.164845e-7,0.0013144355],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99946535,0.000024305642,0.0001223705,0.00017458184,0.000078909696,0.00013447853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997833,0.000051836978,0.000055044162,0.000025672847,0.00002123104,0.00006294148],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000031833697,0.00008008975,0.00009756124,0.0000012725536,0.00014828324,0.000058847585,0.00009941412,0.00004421618,0.00554042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021232801,0.000031663058,0.00004881606,0.000095637086,0.0000063821426,0.00011167598,0.000015851512,0.00010901033,0.0003736876],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007508613,0.00026944265,0.011836788,0.000087412256,0.000090163216,0.00012748038,0.0007258591,0.000010461783,0.36763892,0.004033816,0.4699456,0.14448322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027894523,0.00033200873,0.4818784,0.000054017302,0.000014799865,0.000018430837,0.0004211529,0.0005904941,0.0023269784,0.00039581236,0.5133323,0.00035663974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025768398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0052529653,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47004163,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011863593,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004103297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99536866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3015198680","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3101","title":"Of detectability and camouflage: evaluating Pollard Walk rules using a common, cryptic butterfly","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Abundance (ecology); Butterfly; Ecology; Population; Negative binomial distribution; Statistics; Occupancy; Physical geography; Biology; Poisson distribution; Geography; Mathematics; Physics; Demography","score_opus":0.05611768760568529,"score_gpt":0.2888463671002419,"score_spread":0.2327286794945566,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3015198680","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890142,0.00012629926,0.000056531222,0.00052643626,0.000027686354,0.00012735937,0.000043401396,0.000026454212,0.010051611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99889964,0.000007408531,0.0007742025,0.0002664971,0.000014409236,0.0000029244925,0.00000554924,0.000007759183,0.000021619695],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919546,0.000054461594,0.00018970764,0.00020617104,0.00018776144,0.00016643832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963754,0.00003295539,0.00008185184,0.0001323099,0.000009592182,0.00010573727],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015229722,0.00009440692,0.00015295942,0.0000024873245,0.00009195025,0.00002185163,0.000106912725,0.000043089072,0.06614432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088694054,0.00009034642,0.000038359594,0.000115944335,0.00012980055,0.00008838515,0.00018352031,0.00007265483,0.00036753848],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016724052,0.00024537693,0.4375299,0.00040530178,0.00005632857,0.000021553433,0.0051417067,0.0008443752,0.50269806,0.00039625092,0.017558642,0.034935262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012306714,0.0003810355,0.9300751,0.000031608164,0.000081265476,0.000015933243,0.005436411,0.03430467,0.023714906,0.0005561262,0.003681333,0.0004909111],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002833213,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024911817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.49254525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014369038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000070394385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93470937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3017416710","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3011","title":"Reducing uncertainty in species management: forecasting secondary spread with expert opinion and mechanistic models","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Weighting; Robustness (evolution); Expert opinion; Taxon; Pooling; Expert elicitation; Ecology; Population; Adaptive management; Environmental resource management; Computer science; Statistics; Biology; Artificial intelligence; Environmental science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.03538858933359951,"score_gpt":0.2158905288708092,"score_spread":0.1805019395372097,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3017416710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8391117,0.00011316117,0.004250563,0.0006833122,0.00011127819,0.00040196162,0.0000050660933,0.00005027124,0.15527272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99380445,0.000044238495,0.004949618,0.00050796964,0.000031127707,0.000024396386,0.0000072006915,0.000012564014,0.0006184446],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919945,0.00002767318,0.00014394714,0.00031313844,0.00010070117,0.0002151062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.00002310909,0.0000471984,0.00009385009,0.0000022986433,0.00007167684],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008945468,0.00011988618,0.00013133031,0.0000071185705,0.000106247106,0.000020132497,0.000104523075,0.00005073489,0.010990094],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000071158397,0.00010276484,0.0000138408905,0.000118365635,0.000078965124,0.00023309968,0.00014471989,0.00012810642,0.00023819348],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008645694,0.00064581615,0.031193873,0.0005189049,0.00017143282,0.0014438296,0.038751677,0.37228233,0.0053072516,0.01341723,0.16708067,0.3683224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019401443,0.00051611965,0.018518979,0.00019133443,0.00002713133,0.000044082713,0.006812542,0.9599611,0.00081222446,0.0066512874,0.0038195332,0.0007054944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017064695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004998233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5876788,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007383694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000736231,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.989914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3017538128","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3035","title":"Taxonomic error rates affect interpretations of a national‐scale ground beetle monitoring program at National Ecological Observatory Network","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Species richness; Biomonitoring; Ecology; Biodiversity; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.07088077050515702,"score_gpt":0.29985639524967306,"score_spread":0.22897562474451605,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3017538128","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9173583,0.000069308895,0.000020045603,0.00048600067,0.00015533593,0.0002698982,0.000067273555,0.00006825192,0.08150558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980793,0.0000125537945,0.00091914437,0.00026855356,0.00012647666,0.00013487226,0.000076923745,0.00000882953,0.0003733194],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990697,0.000039716106,0.00019735134,0.00022807598,0.00027667327,0.00018851136],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996138,0.000093232535,0.000104418075,0.000059483653,0.000030214163,0.000098827724],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001252178,0.00010537659,0.00012939231,0.0000037492705,0.0001386838,0.00002534161,0.00016735544,0.00006432216,0.05974414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007866074,0.000102425634,0.0000835349,0.00020033956,0.00011112957,0.00014634282,0.00017514107,0.00008462477,0.0021650456],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008362032,0.00049192115,0.35594693,0.000041861134,0.00005931094,0.000003556347,0.0005375252,0.008767535,0.0035844117,0.0008833311,0.628358,0.0012419764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027054857,0.00013440188,0.9556246,0.000010096394,0.0000073159995,0.0000015843925,0.00050475803,0.0026508942,0.00050074584,0.00015691403,0.03999488,0.0001432596],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016280552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00025464225,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5996777,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074238284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019788029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99861187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3017946359","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3082","title":"Estimating arthropod survival probability from field counts: a case study with monarch butterflies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Nature Conservancy of Canada","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","keywords":"Monarch butterfly; Pupa; Statistics; Danaus; Population; Bayesian probability; Ecology; Mark and recapture; Biology; Geography; Larva; Demography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.018397463583838154,"score_gpt":0.24578439595361382,"score_spread":0.22738693236977567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3017946359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97555417,0.000017928616,0.000964697,0.0006971635,0.00006836262,0.00018216169,0.000005127623,0.00003433384,0.022476073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99339324,0.000001002414,0.0061629917,0.00022954149,0.000030757168,0.000017904147,0.0000016193345,0.000004855089,0.00015808373],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950475,0.000036157537,0.000089759225,0.00019317697,0.00008384546,0.00009234179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997394,0.0001003864,0.000030829357,0.00009034295,0.0000058837363,0.000033132383],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006061518,0.00006823493,0.00009169709,0.000001254191,0.00014214445,0.000011106934,0.000059976974,0.000023269635,0.0037966224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043173786,0.000055045766,0.000012006687,0.000058990692,0.000066266366,0.00007278365,0.00008092896,0.00009480547,0.00071576197],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025460027,0.000110091314,0.98914826,0.000006204155,0.000032843105,0.00029448787,0.0031847206,0.0028535186,0.0000022306554,0.000020101023,0.001975157,0.0023469166],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021355557,0.0034945977,0.77611107,0.000028662058,0.00013022017,0.00011354138,0.02649905,0.18335626,0.000037717746,0.004462127,0.0027710462,0.0008601696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061075704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009065469,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21303721,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002148688,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005734121,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99711406},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3018070265","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3061","title":"Density‐dependent marine survival of hatchery‐origin Chinook salmon may be associated with pink salmon","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; U.S. Geological Survey; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","keywords":"Chinook wind; Oncorhynchus; Hatchery; Fishery; Juvenile; Biology; Otolith; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.021598569822464653,"score_gpt":0.23372194878198382,"score_spread":0.21212337895951916,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3018070265","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.611067,0.0000041417643,0.000053671156,0.0010677538,0.00004250398,0.00018115771,0.000010042271,0.000045635334,0.3875281],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831126,0.000032103308,0.00035231098,0.00031362457,0.00005955812,0.000009717071,0.000047503116,0.000035098168,0.01603752],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811196,0.000109276065,0.0002530313,0.00041495071,0.00071034033,0.0004004578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926716,0.00006637101,0.000121107485,0.00028931373,0.000022590792,0.0002334301],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026039305,0.00020232752,0.00031917123,0.000008403814,0.000083661784,0.00004021798,0.00037494174,0.000107132146,0.05346087],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009966706,0.0001721465,0.00006812802,0.00035042936,0.000150523,0.00018724636,0.00060802494,0.00032446312,0.00037036964],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001989119,0.00015875277,0.9699241,0.0000265722,0.000069592796,0.000099164994,0.0002978239,0.00017576868,0.0009173513,0.00004530901,0.01794845,0.010138186],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014240326,0.00083773484,0.9324254,0.000015517622,0.0000393612,0.0000065870177,0.0003779484,0.0024071054,0.0031261765,0.00014630887,0.05865609,0.0005377712],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029413241,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0067109605,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37204558,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001483903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035091954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9474044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3019831232","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3078","title":"Disentangling local, metapopulation, and cross‐community sources of stabilization and asynchrony in metacommunities","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; European Commission","keywords":"Asynchrony (computer programming); Metacommunity; Metapopulation; Ecology; Biology; Population; Ecosystem; Biological dispersal; Asynchronous communication; Computer science; Demography","score_opus":0.02723067358482024,"score_gpt":0.2586004952583093,"score_spread":0.23136982167348907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3019831232","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973867,0.0007413348,0.00012350644,0.00012980765,0.000009195597,0.000072987415,0.0000037723285,0.000011471661,0.0015212045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994751,0.00008944497,0.00032380503,0.000064960805,0.0000033974113,0.000004210791,0.0000029381342,0.0000044676244,0.00003163889],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99951446,0.00011807922,0.00014879115,0.00008429904,0.000055165412,0.0000791869],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977297,0.00007242744,0.00005229801,0.00006695002,0.000005036809,0.000030348187],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014211074,0.00006774573,0.0001350886,0.0000049129494,0.00020594608,0.000011394859,0.000067147244,0.00003584811,0.0009275085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038925853,0.0000616094,0.000013022633,0.00008695092,0.00042309272,0.00021243912,0.00023766165,0.0001222456,0.0000071047816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001409119,0.000033627384,0.99299526,0.000021491562,0.0000062202143,6.9466824e-7,0.0039290665,0.0008879672,0.000105229614,0.000053913875,0.000067135836,0.0018853171],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001852788,0.00008299895,0.9893795,0.000005965571,0.000018967305,7.3359405e-7,0.007659365,0.0018485218,0.0003042361,0.00028991405,0.00015683459,0.00006763875],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048961805,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006834413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0063447948,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000192438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022261752,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99998575},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3019936491","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3102","title":"Characterizing the floral resources of a North American metropolis using a honey bee foraging assay","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","keywords":"Foraging; Pollen; Species richness; Biology; Ecology; Phenology; Biodiversity; Resource (disambiguation); Geography","score_opus":0.04918329199831762,"score_gpt":0.21466915963392855,"score_spread":0.16548586763561093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3019936491","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99605393,0.00017529281,0.0000024080348,0.0028279882,0.00001535852,0.000065946726,0.00006161209,0.00003304126,0.0007644426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988594,0.000035280016,0.0001127741,0.0006152217,0.00034719138,0.0000021509013,0.0000052253417,9.096545e-7,0.000021835845],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993416,0.000047381443,0.00013730029,0.00015128766,0.00012379116,0.00019861381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968255,0.000093467854,0.00013169405,0.00001336196,0.000023429924,0.000055499113],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007618888,0.000098063654,0.00019575842,0.0000017705705,0.00023791047,0.00003795309,0.00020128774,0.000011959105,0.00009873445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004386844,0.00003132689,0.00007896177,0.0003750076,0.000082049664,0.0000659995,0.00011110242,0.00008601117,0.00001641048],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010719329,0.00004424887,0.41665503,0.000021617177,0.0001047796,0.0000139272015,0.0019757375,0.00001332929,0.47547245,0.000034420125,0.004695015,0.100862235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000046711626,0.00016389436,0.9736649,0.000014005418,0.000019634506,0.000002184778,0.0021145735,0.00067338464,0.0022694839,0.0000061839078,0.020892156,0.00013290705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011732668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007088801,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5570099,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009178698,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026069904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39557174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3020983620","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3129","title":"Factors shaping alternate successional trajectories in burned black spruce forests of Alaska","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; U.S. Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Joint Fire Science Program; Division of Environmental Biology; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Deciduous; Ecological succession; Dominance (genetics); Seedling; Ecology; Fire regime; Taiga; Black spruce; Vegetation (pathology); Fire ecology; Plant community; Environmental science; Stand development; Biology; Ecosystem; Agronomy","score_opus":0.023813304352342857,"score_gpt":0.23900762364041772,"score_spread":0.21519431928807486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3020983620","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906546,0.00005345505,0.000060429826,0.00021281268,0.0001799142,0.00022898368,0.000012838052,0.00004083732,0.008556121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99951106,0.0000041499884,0.0001340754,0.00007639719,0.000055187746,0.000006594643,0.000005752511,0.00002289475,0.00018385577],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867857,0.00006435043,0.0003226308,0.00033217078,0.00032562914,0.00027664338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945164,0.00010774818,0.00014128632,0.0001566699,0.000005325654,0.00013731162],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001273341,0.00017724678,0.00027136618,0.000010666093,0.000034123623,0.000020024296,0.0003437259,0.00007269845,0.0057503968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000950645,0.00014991591,0.00007148813,0.00027744716,0.00008846941,0.00029840803,0.00015233894,0.00014662152,0.0005493409],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003035859,0.000043706477,0.9857443,0.00007513117,0.000011011684,0.000017902228,0.0017317169,0.0036276148,0.0041733277,0.000022850436,0.0035233046,0.0009987699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004586999,0.00010928635,0.968305,0.000083587656,0.000004537705,0.0000010193411,0.0001959019,0.017682647,0.011988,0.000117910706,0.00084394193,0.00020950513],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010701009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003223016,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017439343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010910004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013570589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9951585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022890307","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3109","title":"Capturing ecological processes in dynamic forest models: why there is no silver bullet to cope with complexity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest ecology and management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western Forest Products; University of British Columbia","funders":"Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation","keywords":"Overfitting; Computer science; Forest dynamics; Set (abstract data type); Ecology; Process (computing); Range (aeronautics); Temporal scales; Machine learning; Artificial neural network; Engineering","score_opus":0.01989146935982897,"score_gpt":0.2079644798829904,"score_spread":0.18807301052316144,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022890307","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.88921106,0.000042888532,0.0012817767,0.006424342,0.0000389666,0.00058219605,0.000011066923,0.00007009218,0.10233764],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876774,0.00001587392,0.0026222488,0.008557456,0.00001365603,0.0000718861,0.0000066187536,0.000015096974,0.0010197739],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989354,0.000025411733,0.00015048032,0.00041906498,0.00014650464,0.00032313986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963707,0.000025832891,0.00004251676,0.00015401254,0.0000088779,0.00013170885],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007131818,0.00015998735,0.00017844184,0.0000066199455,0.00009186595,0.000025058664,0.00031108837,0.000070502836,0.017814908],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026606853,0.00012418233,0.000023097205,0.00022102329,0.00012326038,0.00016894686,0.0003202405,0.00015263078,0.0044603487],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048170544,0.00061211886,0.10335852,0.00023798407,0.000059220616,0.0003033499,0.0031812573,0.5224684,0.000033656437,0.0024896231,0.36626655,0.00050759787],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021277734,0.0017440525,0.6876082,0.000077264056,0.00003863106,0.000009222591,0.0010915651,0.15476787,0.00008030686,0.021663493,0.12972213,0.0010694967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004326183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.045076694,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5842497,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013083438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000143176385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99631476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3023003940","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3133","title":"On the tip of the tongue: natural history observations that transformed shorebird ecology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Ecology; Trophic level; Behavioral ecology; Resource (disambiguation); Trophic cascade; Biology; Geography; Food web; Computer science","score_opus":0.03607533288678227,"score_gpt":0.2010093200625098,"score_spread":0.16493398717572752,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3023003940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96907294,0.000037617767,0.000005288579,0.01204643,0.0003670679,0.00022999066,0.000005186336,0.000018662851,0.01821684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99121517,0.0000039282963,0.00005093765,0.0052746334,0.000018391946,0.000020239237,0.0000019789343,0.000007389923,0.0034073442],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99942535,0.00006106603,0.00010902491,0.00014580513,0.00011197891,0.00014675409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999616,0.00011377011,0.00005478149,0.00017672029,0.0000034201735,0.000035262427],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006728373,0.000081027705,0.00009067894,0.0000016923066,0.00011973372,0.0000022307715,0.0003709327,0.00007387549,0.02659034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043648102,0.000045040793,0.00007811461,0.00007996569,0.00028315227,0.00006616433,0.000058918824,0.00023223132,0.0006193055],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004109237,0.00010637024,0.5205475,0.0000053753006,0.00001565635,0.000005033284,0.0018758236,0.00019149168,0.0018672842,0.0009657778,0.4726412,0.0017373463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012029139,0.00006094365,0.97750276,0.0000022636796,0.00001648486,0.000001503091,0.00014931872,0.0000954981,0.0009847549,0.00019027371,0.020814553,0.00006137395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015743219,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015997662,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4569552,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001534691,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022592096,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9742995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025175271","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3108","title":"Biotic filtering of northern temperate tree seedling emergence in beyond‐range field experiments","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Research and Development Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador","keywords":"Ecology; Ecotone; Temperate forest; Temperate climate; Temperate rainforest; Biome; Range (aeronautics); Abiotic component; Taiga; Boreal; Context (archaeology); Biology; Geography; Ecosystem; Habitat","score_opus":0.014840041874838892,"score_gpt":0.23426104972343828,"score_spread":0.2194210078485994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025175271","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9766227,0.00012431524,0.000181639,0.00050720805,0.0000799355,0.0000824036,0.000001638264,0.000014169433,0.02238597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986287,0.000032651074,0.0007735565,0.00030893215,0.000012760936,0.000008551319,0.0000011058626,0.0000060863913,0.00022768455],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994331,0.000019310664,0.0001760253,0.00016864321,0.00007041286,0.00013248692],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998083,0.000028287164,0.000050286755,0.000073857846,0.000003989667,0.000035263616],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004889006,0.00007636365,0.00011712037,0.0000053315166,0.00005255897,0.0000035459566,0.0001193848,0.000040055194,0.0035208564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003343021,0.00007564088,0.000027967142,0.00013361989,0.00003594245,0.000088037355,0.00010794331,0.000073879535,0.00033184586],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014862728,0.000038995513,0.9753648,0.000017902596,0.000012296164,0.000006746313,0.0038169494,0.007159669,0.011539925,0.000016436303,0.000825513,0.0011859247],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067289895,0.0002654509,0.944955,0.000033822493,0.000011587085,0.0000011058585,0.0021545652,0.033924118,0.017136173,0.00027636994,0.00025579944,0.00031314086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015104757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006301426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030409813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021865097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036885915,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99739003},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025217853","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3119","title":"Effects of genetic origin on phenotypic divergence in Brook Trout populations stocked with domestic fish","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Salvelinus; Phenotypic trait; Trout; Population; Stocking; Phenotypic plasticity; Zoology; Ecology; Genetic variation; Domestication; Phenotype; Genetics; Fishery; Gene; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Demography","score_opus":0.00966389003903624,"score_gpt":0.22586321869113096,"score_spread":0.21619932865209474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025217853","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935868,0.000027180691,0.00095450063,0.00019954558,0.00004970117,0.000297058,0.0000023252135,0.000018278226,0.004864641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99592286,0.000007992908,0.0030848216,0.0004904966,0.000018492407,0.00002996889,0.0000024995438,0.00001197417,0.0004308825],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909365,0.000068266796,0.00019414425,0.00027648825,0.00017154847,0.00019587905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996012,0.00006732979,0.000084624524,0.0001716705,0.0000045184747,0.0000706738],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000037770482,0.000112317495,0.00019627067,0.000012401302,0.000042647247,0.000005668801,0.00021946036,0.000044431064,0.0039118784],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000077501274,0.00009819376,0.00003484164,0.0003641186,0.000080371035,0.00006226939,0.000078163175,0.00010743993,0.0007785106],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058785932,0.00014798112,0.8607892,0.000037271668,0.000015227639,0.000056737957,0.0004397345,0.12990142,0.0011154996,0.00012133633,0.0049983137,0.002318536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051768194,0.00032100454,0.991754,0.00001696042,0.00003447882,0.0000011948401,0.00001994219,0.00599242,0.00047719642,0.00027175382,0.0004654804,0.00012786614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026237092,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003616341,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13096486,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010677993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011827922,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999995},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025993548","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3138","title":"Enzootic maintenance of sylvatic plague in Canada's threatened black‐tailed prairie dog ecosystem","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Public Health Agency of Canada; Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health; Toronto Zoo; Parks Canada","funders":"Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative; Parks Canada","keywords":"Cynomys ludovicianus; Flea; Prairie dog; Biology; Enzootic; Ecology; Plague (disease); Yersinia pestis; Threatened species; Occupancy; Burrow; Zoology; Geography; Habitat","score_opus":0.009930190235133283,"score_gpt":0.22138898841105006,"score_spread":0.21145879817591678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3025993548","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942711,0.00030294,0.00007838716,0.0010261149,0.00007777297,0.00039648733,0.00010313236,0.000009822386,0.0037342506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99888676,0.000038544742,0.00021329154,0.00024789473,0.00008774868,0.000022139897,0.00009237904,0.000035373105,0.00037588022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983003,0.00011184109,0.00042207324,0.00045989198,0.00023775584,0.00046813753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99911386,0.00004315875,0.00014389415,0.00038789198,0.000115690345,0.00019549433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011933506,0.00021251477,0.00036244112,0.000018091809,0.000028720047,0.000017329765,0.00039643177,0.0001274761,0.00024802942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026250057,0.00020593726,0.00007151119,0.00024019205,0.000049060614,0.0000066069447,0.0001386601,0.00017918914,0.00007866636],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00097311405,0.0001625911,0.38095337,0.0012405104,0.00029061976,0.00034531555,0.00035069746,0.0040824,0.5175946,0.000088053646,0.0926952,0.001223547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0053619663,0.0012545207,0.5662954,0.00044823362,0.000056032284,0.000052079096,0.001513147,0.012515123,0.38465172,0.0000614097,0.026484033,0.001306345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.057190694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.85292566,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79573494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017292105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011601165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94908756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3028573400","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3146","title":"Habitat network topology influences the importance of ecological traps in metapopulations","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Metapopulation; Biological dispersal; Ecology; Habitat; Disturbance (geology); Extinction (optical mineralogy); Extinction probability; Population; Ecological network; Biology; Population size; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.05909808083124987,"score_gpt":0.23092707497609535,"score_spread":0.17182899414484548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3028573400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852685,0.00094811874,2.1558245e-7,0.009343076,0.000023563929,0.00008311524,0.000011811024,0.000015742664,0.004305868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987845,0.000080734026,0.000057551035,0.0008986242,0.0001376278,0.000005482116,0.0000044266517,2.2710648e-7,0.000030846666],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944067,0.000046571076,0.00017677828,0.0001235643,0.00005835137,0.00015407242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966896,0.00021600573,0.00006333663,0.000011242088,0.000012422597,0.000028036211],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008936068,0.00006373249,0.00015438706,7.0092335e-7,0.00010574609,0.000008025292,0.00016468027,0.000042820735,0.0008272576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006155104,0.000018444676,0.000051785522,0.00023981644,0.0000723141,0.000038012386,0.000047229754,0.000080599166,0.000024421654],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001690332,0.00002423502,0.98359543,0.000002039834,0.000010604485,0.0000043088376,0.00009001815,0.00012795728,0.0020366544,0.0019335379,0.009999403,0.0021588798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037358128,0.00013281374,0.9875983,0.0000028984468,0.0000044541116,8.028812e-7,0.00041519996,0.000071962066,0.000021657992,0.002024476,0.009639689,0.000050363502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006216112,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03878937,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038727205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000038083306,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025800698,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9787502},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3034440206","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3099","title":"Permafrost thaw stimulates primary producers but has a moderate effect on primary consumers in subarctic ponds","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Permafrost; Subarctic climate; Tundra; Primary producers; Food web; Environmental science; Plankton; Zooplankton; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Primary production; Phytoplankton; Nutrient; Arctic; Ecosystem; Biology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.036261964670353426,"score_gpt":0.22121065474084814,"score_spread":0.18494869007049472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3034440206","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.958235,0.001417291,0.0000013671811,0.002651428,0.00027171665,0.0005393098,0.0026304196,0.00008915958,0.034164257],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99100363,0.00014221242,0.000036799196,0.0044607264,0.00017750837,0.0000070262595,0.0038272871,0.000019520265,0.00032525783],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805963,0.00015512793,0.00029762968,0.0006157649,0.00030622704,0.0005656131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989979,0.00036171425,0.00007895301,0.0002546093,0.00002594702,0.0002808495],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025270955,0.00033460514,0.0004486011,0.000041634376,0.00019173091,0.0001792672,0.0002601919,0.00012673091,0.015967634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000061480016,0.00028247424,0.000104049934,0.0003169582,0.00012446973,0.00029950307,0.000030412091,0.0003949614,0.0026848684],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015181878,0.000058516027,0.9573953,0.0005021988,0.000047052436,0.00031778484,0.0019502263,0.0056557697,0.0030076974,0.0000035486908,0.019932799,0.00961089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001915312,0.0012125835,0.9712216,0.00012630568,0.000042587464,0.000024201845,0.0003232338,0.02002902,0.0010325803,0.00005106614,0.0033682606,0.00065323804],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019061066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0061391303,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033839,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002661152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012873963,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035299304","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3170","title":"“New” cyanobacterial blooms are not new: two centuries of lake production are related to ice cover and land use","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Queen's University; University of Regina; Queen's University Belfast; Dartmouth College; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Eutrophication; Trophic level; Ecology; Land use; Lake ecosystem; Environmental science; Watershed; Ecosystem; Productivity; Geography; Biology; Nutrient","score_opus":0.009770043197181869,"score_gpt":0.19849175843600772,"score_spread":0.18872171523882586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3035299304","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99677026,0.000018081491,0.00012474951,0.0012581941,0.00036691054,0.00028152604,0.00008844004,0.00003217154,0.0010596444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99345154,0.00001596197,0.0009477399,0.00022094678,0.00016870424,0.000002498762,0.000018035673,0.000016468573,0.005158098],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911654,0.0000301736,0.00023075663,0.00030346864,0.00016735426,0.00015169273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941427,0.000023929504,0.00017884435,0.00017317069,0.000008271327,0.00020154647],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006145323,0.00012969336,0.00020677572,0.0000048250577,0.000055212935,0.000042116662,0.000096706084,0.00006277532,0.003534865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000089931724,0.00011796143,0.000029386181,0.00013958124,0.000026818918,0.00022849925,0.00010658012,0.00008689898,0.00061905506],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025123413,0.000044972418,0.86836153,0.00007087411,0.000044892317,0.0000116401825,0.002014024,0.007504641,0.0038466866,0.000056962566,0.11613968,0.0016528625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013468739,0.00019194152,0.78726363,0.00012967082,0.000051110408,0.00001545626,0.00023855214,0.0020180338,0.0033485615,0.00013831849,0.20483315,0.00042471994],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006576095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0115844775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08869348,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027615888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013907365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.997376},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036970254","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3150","title":"Impact of fire and harvest on forest ecosystem services in a species‐rich area in the southern Appalachians","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Ecosystem services; Forest management; Carbon sequestration; Biomass (ecology); Deserts and xeric shrublands; Species richness; Ecological succession; Ecosystem; Forest ecology; Forest restoration; Environmental science; Ecology; Agroforestry; Forest inventory; Geography; Fire protection; Environmental resource management; Habitat; Biology","score_opus":0.008302077591745657,"score_gpt":0.1965630060702907,"score_spread":0.18826092847854503,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3036970254","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98408467,0.000070400136,0.0000025440531,0.00030346552,0.00003103109,0.00050936535,0.000069805545,0.00001790101,0.014910846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996521,0.0000081820945,0.000017575041,0.00013889583,0.000034931505,0.000024478302,0.000005916415,0.000019035617,0.00009887692],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987657,0.00015366754,0.00027599637,0.00031215535,0.0002345955,0.00025787228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994016,0.00013524308,0.000119690245,0.00026263576,0.0000028917452,0.00007792243],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028133913,0.00018301315,0.00026289205,0.000011526884,0.000037674607,0.00004608057,0.00036911285,0.00007199273,0.0009376715],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000025001898,0.000121856625,0.000059501835,0.00035701532,0.000032735545,0.00014102539,0.0000881478,0.00018061491,0.0006705448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003926542,0.00009434902,0.98710686,0.0001441686,0.0000090303465,0.000027417018,0.0063403226,0.0037715288,0.00021270226,0.000008021735,0.0014555794,0.0007907516],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047415588,0.00033195902,0.95189756,0.00013642902,0.000004223222,0.0000061841297,0.001985875,0.044479817,0.000015949605,0.000016606238,0.0005145213,0.00013674039],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005979483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12648089,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12050141,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012787242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009538725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3037035060","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3141","title":"Western bumble bee: declines in the continental United States and range‐wide information gaps","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Royal Saskatchewan Museum; Ministry of Environment; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","keywords":"Occupancy; Endangered species; Wildlife; Geography; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Habitat; Climate change; Habitat destruction; Vital rates; Population; Biology; Population growth; Demography","score_opus":0.025672030783114908,"score_gpt":0.1980034210493666,"score_spread":0.1723313902662517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037035060","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899074,0.00047594804,3.4416774e-7,0.008704332,0.000009384701,0.00007820984,0.000038111593,0.000019187939,0.00076711166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967349,0.00041261915,0.000006643835,0.0026543222,0.0000779588,0.00000420901,0.00007753553,1.9510816e-7,0.00003160001],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996697,0.000020381418,0.00009552006,0.000050128245,0.00005912614,0.000105177416],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99981296,0.00011326222,0.000029963358,0.000004685382,0.000011757925,0.000027366083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060882427,0.000056590947,0.00007007772,0.0000014608767,0.00007784757,0.000051966155,0.00007144223,0.000020747962,0.00009117011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002606047,0.000017512963,0.000014578795,0.00013824367,0.00001620748,0.00016087954,0.000032598942,0.00004859498,0.000066454886],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006508352,0.000026965752,0.94907665,0.000016534486,0.00000899616,0.000005248587,0.0023171718,0.000005569932,0.0018884771,0.00003615232,0.03581931,0.010733851],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001118057,0.000055203658,0.839225,0.0000069325215,0.0000028887923,0.0000015772866,0.0028795,0.000091738766,0.0000526532,0.00002226671,0.15749666,0.000053766627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004355102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006994644,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12167735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000021062542,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":6.1780304e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3903176},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3037753883","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3142","title":"Agricultural landscape composition affects the development and life expectancy of colonies of <i>Bombus impatiens</i>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre Sève","keywords":"Ecology; Habitat; Biology; Pollinator; Pollination; Pollen; Agriculture; Geography","score_opus":0.023827981145133504,"score_gpt":0.1769207957028222,"score_spread":0.1530928145576887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037753883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948283,0.0013966777,1.8533427e-7,0.0010099967,0.00001380684,0.00009511838,0.000020486345,0.000013933764,0.002621494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99972475,0.000046957197,0.000057418816,0.00008879308,0.000053537326,0.000004414549,0.000011107486,2.8728996e-7,0.000012755454],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996048,0.000019914467,0.000115175215,0.00008853228,0.000084229694,0.00008731218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997542,0.00009034198,0.00008229194,0.0000072127673,0.000026551106,0.00003942984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000029553059,0.00006997671,0.00014141254,7.356054e-7,0.000118059856,0.000009592424,0.00007334389,0.000023905463,0.00006826743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012616735,0.000019945996,0.000029068065,0.0000977891,0.00003279331,0.000033140066,0.00005252711,0.000034845023,0.0000048538536],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032773078,0.00015447852,0.109735765,0.00013330522,0.00014628375,0.000003946301,0.009494912,0.000012606732,0.8139942,0.00035117188,0.049838357,0.015807189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010959845,0.00029316894,0.95800996,0.00002454024,0.000008593327,0.0000012810673,0.0036035292,0.000011036424,0.036436718,0.000009849275,0.0014137559,0.0000779704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010447252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00039297596,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8482742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002359957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003276192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09080329},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3037801811","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3160","title":"Making predictive modelling ART: accurate, reliable, and transparent","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"CLARITY; Computer science; Robustness (evolution); Predictive modelling; Process (computing); Field (mathematics); Risk analysis (engineering); Framing (construction); Data science; Management science; Machine learning; Engineering","score_opus":0.08517083265199428,"score_gpt":0.26299293561052917,"score_spread":0.1778221029585349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037801811","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.31471813,0.0002513638,0.018494645,0.0019109674,0.00008736933,0.0002031914,0.00008037584,0.00012422519,0.66412973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998246,0.000165496,0.00026797934,0.00071952114,0.000026740738,0.000010427029,0.000019677964,0.000009397814,0.00053474656],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993594,0.0000071985387,0.000109162844,0.00022834781,0.00012590035,0.00016996612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978054,0.000008172937,0.000032745887,0.000071958384,0.0000037960158,0.00010276717],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000034503926,0.00008984654,0.00008917473,0.0000017865735,0.00008757652,0.000032958575,0.000084303596,0.000039074006,0.09805133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000049469804,0.000085298496,0.000025387995,0.00010765817,0.00004800273,0.00014613543,0.000057649788,0.0000829203,0.0031808503],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013622802,0.00008855485,0.009759416,0.000055614928,0.000028360517,0.000027524575,0.0027623423,0.1345494,0.00060620805,0.0008646871,0.84860504,0.0025166527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083615637,0.00021641572,0.042932026,0.000042371914,0.000037914273,0.000007998353,0.0040250565,0.42622262,0.0006730504,0.0003184497,0.52420664,0.00048128786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014433956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005585373,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6835279,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009258657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000027560845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3040969260","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3176","title":"Thermal biology and growth of bison (<i>Bison bison</i>) along the Great Plains: examining four theories of endotherm body size","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Explorers Club","keywords":"Bison bison; Atmospheric sciences; Environmental science; Thermoregulation; Ecology; Animal science; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.018208439812957104,"score_gpt":0.21460998069078863,"score_spread":0.19640154087783152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3040969260","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98992866,0.00019091798,0.00007306004,0.0007873027,0.000023143408,0.00013017972,0.000034252364,0.000022516773,0.008809938],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989063,0.00006274401,0.0005040904,0.00038351308,0.000046216705,0.000010689911,0.0000036587564,0.00000828178,0.00007446187],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916047,0.00008436426,0.00021898423,0.00024888228,0.000101948666,0.00018532694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992721,0.00040472153,0.00012566401,0.0001215678,0.00000878491,0.00006715005],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000094057556,0.00013265459,0.00021487508,0.0000027622577,0.00008112519,0.000007522556,0.00024953298,0.000075378426,0.0021912977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020046685,0.00007461672,0.00005255264,0.0001561093,0.00047478633,0.00007300454,0.00020497372,0.00011141313,0.000033765737],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006332166,0.00004787511,0.066615164,0.000019828607,0.000024914558,0.000001623531,0.00062315585,0.00004466204,0.92543155,0.0015332416,0.0004575112,0.005137144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00066176493,0.00086320663,0.72194284,0.00003307068,0.00004012169,0.0000031330187,0.00074827875,0.00087375386,0.25847027,0.01542034,0.00064909476,0.00029412514],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026324336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004285252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6669613,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010262475,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000056958866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987208},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042159750","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3181","title":"Population‐level monitoring of stress in grizzly bears between 2004 and 2014","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; Foothills Medical Centre; University of British Columbia; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Forest Resource Improvement Association of Alberta; Seven Generations Energy; fRI Research; Shell Canada; Shell","keywords":"Ecology; Ursus; Population; Disturbance (geology); Grizzly Bears; Habitat; Geography; Environmental science; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.023188663280893026,"score_gpt":0.2306147063566437,"score_spread":0.20742604307575066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3042159750","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99801314,0.000045172594,0.00003851023,0.000724738,0.000036770616,0.000063603315,0.000009412931,0.00000863162,0.0010600293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988133,0.000007910877,0.00095533294,0.00006329442,0.00004552253,0.0000027630842,0.000005658185,0.0000039732813,0.00010224711],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995836,0.000021441556,0.00012492028,0.000121370154,0.0000649284,0.00008376073],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999828,0.000031059255,0.000045882043,0.000053175776,0.0000020439552,0.000039856855],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000058046197,0.000046992605,0.00008720203,0.000003869238,0.000028856102,0.000004160622,0.00006389891,0.0000495159,0.0007160208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002483753,0.000049934442,0.000010265663,0.00007899643,0.000026558448,0.00012858404,0.00004884602,0.00006552399,0.00011972435],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000038810563,0.000007216522,0.9941683,0.0000059057,0.0000026107862,9.130243e-7,0.00013829114,0.00073422375,0.000059793852,0.000008794383,0.002187353,0.0026827313],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015289677,0.000023167475,0.9989913,0.000008907635,0.000003570645,1.4353377e-7,0.00006766834,0.0001445239,0.00023896924,0.00019653821,0.0001228945,0.000049433085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00065268006,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036586387,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004823001,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002320035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033071997,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7839926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042749989","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3183","title":"An accumulation of climatic stress events has led to years of reduced growth for sugar maple in southern Quebec, Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Climate change; Maple; Dendrochronology; Environmental science; Sugar; Physical geography; Ecology; Global change; Ecosystem; Climatology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.0411291554440734,"score_gpt":0.26284548805468644,"score_spread":0.22171633261061305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3042749989","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99862826,0.00004371159,0.000024052608,0.00035077744,0.000056683617,0.0002560773,0.0005450847,0.000010427884,0.00008493183],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989924,0.000001714621,0.0007808818,0.00004477985,0.000020623442,0.0000015886077,0.00010448382,0.000005513092,0.00004802696],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992258,0.000059429938,0.0002444143,0.00015162141,0.00015805775,0.00016067897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994959,0.00016172277,0.00009863235,0.00011444699,0.000031254887,0.0000980237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009404923,0.000074033705,0.00018166876,0.000018735158,0.000019432988,0.000011389573,0.00017354064,0.000033080418,0.00076012395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001501435,0.00007527543,0.000027506072,0.000157942,0.00001170839,0.000080274236,0.0000071902855,0.00003748323,0.000025493904],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051402516,0.000038241462,0.95071596,0.0003149706,0.000022855818,0.000006255973,0.00331857,0.03503372,0.0011387569,0.0000064649043,0.0013871046,0.0075030695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038245172,0.00011574022,0.9867681,0.000055590182,0.0000075938265,1.6839573e-7,0.0013723676,0.009860082,0.0012220377,0.00003725959,0.00008421496,0.00009435726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7384125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.98974705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25133458,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000011654024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021809447,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8322824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3045602789","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3187","title":"Frontal vehicle illumination via rear‐facing lighting reduces potential for collisions with white‐tailed deer","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Wildlife Research Center; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Odocoileus; Collision; Collision avoidance; Environmental science; Aeronautics; Computer science; Biology; Ecology; Computer security; Engineering","score_opus":0.007468314516466574,"score_gpt":0.19948080509649174,"score_spread":0.19201249058002517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3045602789","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97349733,0.000010322483,0.014083998,0.0036621508,0.0001111477,0.00029269134,0.00001006757,0.000058710335,0.008273577],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891721,0.0000018795796,0.0088723125,0.0004144856,0.00012047843,0.00004758569,0.00002873867,0.000017747629,0.0013246544],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919176,0.000020692494,0.00017312812,0.00027265822,0.00016902256,0.00017271744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996674,0.00002562169,0.000098906494,0.000097807024,0.000024888566,0.00008538103],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006760452,0.00010509665,0.00009972802,0.0000070742803,0.00029545426,0.00006464946,0.000104448525,0.000049635677,0.0034294592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039518283,0.000091942435,0.000048039063,0.00016488196,0.00003455544,0.00047715896,0.000048435868,0.000087600914,0.0004229531],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00089480035,0.0004227747,0.1812332,0.00005438598,0.00015229927,0.000033355755,0.0075500505,0.06322008,0.33508185,0.00011552767,0.32651544,0.08472625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002239118,0.0009272462,0.25351983,0.00011114371,0.00012055191,0.0000308676,0.0053553265,0.64971286,0.03420673,0.00014883734,0.05280093,0.00082656526],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000111406676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00030641156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5864928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009603188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013679313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3045952615","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3118","title":"Leading‐edge disequilibrium in alder and spruce populations across the forest–tundra ecotone","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; ArcticNet","keywords":"Ecotone; Tundra; Alder; Ecology; Disequilibrium; Vegetation (pathology); Physical geography; Environmental science; Abundance (ecology); Species distribution; Range (aeronautics); Climate change; Geography; Arctic; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.06091638256277358,"score_gpt":0.27724958167239366,"score_spread":0.21633319910962007,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3045952615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.983263,0.001400183,0.0000043073696,0.0054588793,0.00016278664,0.00015926943,0.00061877846,0.000024865736,0.008907912],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976235,0.00011360319,0.000031572526,0.0012079676,0.00019743289,0.000001893502,0.00036600803,0.000004983851,0.00045301448],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992731,0.000027673386,0.00014425,0.00019676155,0.00008819355,0.00026999044],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999654,0.00007480854,0.00003457588,0.00011660775,0.000009085777,0.00011094394],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008437734,0.000102852806,0.0001250506,0.00000552024,0.0001603892,0.00010988075,0.00014038535,0.00004713594,0.007511109],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026785674,0.00007321979,0.00003093822,0.00017289008,0.000068626636,0.00022625868,0.00002932381,0.00012730707,0.00072080066],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016096392,0.0000046814175,0.9800028,0.000019310362,0.0000032918676,0.000011922786,0.0026751459,0.00043481603,0.00002255761,0.000040418483,0.014832558,0.0019363979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001944588,0.00003953854,0.96575266,0.00001083279,0.00000458715,0.00000554359,0.0006742205,0.012507175,0.000007398659,0.00037916124,0.020308169,0.000116244475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021686791,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.23688926,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23472059,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002714459,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010871283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99339616},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046204842","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3206","title":"Change in sediment features and the macroinvertebrate community within an estuarine ecosystem two years post‐restoration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; British Columbia Institute of Technology","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"Sediment; Silt; Environmental science; Debris; Estuary; Sorting; Ecosystem; Restoration ecology; Ecology; Hydrology (agriculture); Biology; Oceanography; Geology","score_opus":0.014207781882364044,"score_gpt":0.2207937313327263,"score_spread":0.20658594945036227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3046204842","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958144,0.000052080755,0.000015708929,0.0014651929,0.000102325765,0.0005060465,0.000017622642,0.0000414559,0.001985164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986041,0.000009719297,0.00016656642,0.0010150797,0.00005465294,0.000035789206,0.000030083067,0.000016035983,0.0000679779],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989065,0.00035674905,0.0002010826,0.000196192,0.00016644583,0.00017305485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948466,0.00004122892,0.000090543464,0.0002618213,0.0000051635434,0.000116612675],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051280146,0.00013198426,0.00017522961,0.0000070443284,0.00014382435,0.00007467386,0.00024725506,0.000044947246,0.0004623338],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022973425,0.00010000278,0.000024903411,0.00015779476,0.000054145636,0.00031401095,0.00035049912,0.00028923096,0.00028539487],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019817383,0.0007563702,0.63206655,0.0004238038,0.00012508458,0.00024557515,0.24963154,0.038372714,0.0032872448,0.0030938177,0.016302323,0.053713217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002744534,0.00028079265,0.63156456,0.000041473177,0.000016503256,0.000037516922,0.0029794462,0.3611677,0.0000569639,0.00034742954,0.00047455434,0.00028854967],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0253051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.48274738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45744228,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010639278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000068543886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9811855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3047765486","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3218","title":"Individual‐based simulations suggest mixed impacts of warmer temperatures and a nonnative predator on Chinook salmon","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; McGill University","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Chinook wind; Micropterus; Predation; Predator; Biology; Fishery; Bass (fish); Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.01140594875195111,"score_gpt":0.2261618155314221,"score_spread":0.21475586677947098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3047765486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9783244,0.000029032486,0.000014956931,0.0021299908,0.000039857943,0.00025428407,0.00006582529,0.000026494914,0.019115126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973942,0.000010259246,0.00033256185,0.002028904,0.000016675209,0.000008775465,0.00001579915,0.000007745739,0.00018506651],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99937826,0.000039085044,0.00011455669,0.00021117329,0.00012192478,0.00013501607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967635,0.00009764862,0.00006591038,0.00009026977,0.0000050261638,0.000064819666],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000054573855,0.00010767143,0.0001319354,0.000008621496,0.00012776193,0.0000118305725,0.00009712957,0.000042306907,0.0032055122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009930569,0.00009136558,0.000023820265,0.000104911145,0.00011704298,0.00010694698,0.00013173754,0.00009422426,0.00013376106],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015415461,0.00027273557,0.38035616,0.0000729942,0.00015883679,0.000011804611,0.0027483338,0.007427157,0.00096824847,0.00019568075,0.6072402,0.00039371572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056850427,0.00036437094,0.99225974,0.0000127117955,0.000039730905,1.5903025e-7,0.00016441043,0.0014779436,0.001889528,0.000108123764,0.002994413,0.00012035962],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027443628,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006179048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6119036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001931307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058928385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048234272","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3216","title":"Individual responses to novel predation risk and the emergence of a landscape of fear","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Parks Canada; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Predation; Habitat; Ecology; Geography; Population; Predator; Range (aeronautics); Apex predator; National park; Home range; Selection (genetic algorithm); Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.014088728983049767,"score_gpt":0.2151035891220623,"score_spread":0.2010148601390125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048234272","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950846,0.000031809694,0.00042237996,0.0021454117,0.000020982012,0.00013508566,0.00002073295,0.0000051869633,0.0021338095],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99838775,0.000017680957,0.0010308966,0.0004220559,0.000010402103,0.000006906095,0.0000017879183,0.0000022273475,0.00012027398],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996006,0.000054412576,0.0001148396,0.000094418465,0.00008466625,0.000051062183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997122,0.00010260166,0.00008200382,0.00007128215,0.00000527736,0.000026597374],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002236943,0.000036189536,0.000071772,0.0000029437892,0.000042469877,0.0000029078117,0.00009850195,0.000026491416,0.0029980089],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026409692,0.000026468382,0.000014338524,0.00012715456,0.00008180842,0.000061627616,0.00008825127,0.000042043383,0.00009334061],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003553907,0.0000257459,0.9666773,0.0000055110945,0.000012223699,1.3091112e-7,0.0025422964,0.0006154672,0.0005706713,0.00016687838,0.027037252,0.0019911297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004540594,0.00008164757,0.9964998,0.0000028966713,0.000014573916,3.4372164e-7,0.0003530009,0.0013061519,0.0003865936,0.00011551903,0.0007544407,0.00003100383],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009909053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015599145,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029822467,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000019862653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006841636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99791336},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048283981","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3207","title":"Run‐of‐river dams as a barrier to the movement of a stream‐dwelling amphibian","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Northern Arizona University; SFU Community Trust Endowment Fund; Simon Fraser University; Wilburforce Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","keywords":"Larva; Habitat; Amphibian; Upstream and downstream (DNA); Abundance (ecology); Biology; Ecology; Upstream (networking); Downstream (manufacturing); Environmental science","score_opus":0.00856717461527864,"score_gpt":0.20757562371707888,"score_spread":0.19900844910180024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3048283981","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85335106,0.000028299488,0.00022933142,0.0056315153,0.0000700322,0.00030971738,0.000007753443,0.000014743986,0.14035754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99156785,0.000025995505,0.0006999996,0.005656407,0.000023090402,0.000017322443,0.0000010411443,0.0000063166863,0.0020020036],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936384,0.000020527905,0.0001514496,0.00017946864,0.00013848107,0.00014625957],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996912,0.000026544061,0.00006348478,0.00015728663,0.000004615281,0.00005689346],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000936761,0.00008072846,0.000122058154,0.0000036345684,0.000086746484,0.0000040446216,0.00023064602,0.000024966512,0.012407799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003857742,0.00005960849,0.000043772616,0.0001405102,0.000103754726,0.00005144498,0.0003621794,0.00005200609,0.0013391395],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007376583,0.00010956438,0.16129924,0.000040394523,0.00014024034,0.000008255479,0.008006059,0.014138211,0.0007108636,0.00076362485,0.8101587,0.004551042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083052047,0.0010463307,0.71269625,0.00004199437,0.00010733485,3.86812e-7,0.0061643096,0.0020739203,0.008168048,0.0022856821,0.2661826,0.0004026421],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020563681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020767194,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.55139697,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022082846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000038578783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3080134420","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3096","title":"Forest landscape structure influences the cyclic‐eruptive spatial dynamics of forest tent caterpillar outbreaks","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Forest Service; University of Toronto; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Outbreak; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Geography; Forest dynamics; Spatial ecology; Forest management; Dendrochronology; Host (biology); Physical geography; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.005028828195897874,"score_gpt":0.19092696237916756,"score_spread":0.1858981341832697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3080134420","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98016804,0.00004394547,0.0003239866,0.0015347697,0.00016786816,0.0003364711,0.00004803655,0.000030838644,0.017346028],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985636,0.000021290829,0.00019069554,0.0008834086,0.000061455314,0.000015582951,0.0000282342,0.000013180057,0.00022257875],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901766,0.000041116375,0.00022573995,0.00026384057,0.00020206826,0.0002496083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999496,0.00004198345,0.00014417652,0.0002284567,0.0000090463855,0.00008034879],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007271761,0.00015956459,0.00017120618,0.00000625123,0.00014539827,0.000019936047,0.00044387966,0.00009593365,0.004628132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038791663,0.00010481318,0.00006767987,0.00016117441,0.00024823335,0.00011182851,0.00033606173,0.00016568557,0.00035434074],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007518081,0.00004719725,0.89934087,0.000029665112,0.000069568356,0.000017015183,0.0012259713,0.07620262,0.00016574023,0.0014337668,0.018006938,0.003385442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025869271,0.00022680756,0.97063553,0.0000064266997,0.00003530176,0.0000039393503,0.0005384492,0.020215707,0.00012053902,0.002335049,0.0054686894,0.00015486959],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012064297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.080872156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07966573,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056220873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011278765,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99628174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3081681679","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3232","title":"Examining boreal forest resilience to temperature variability using bryophytes: forest type matters","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Bryophyte; Climate change; Boreal; Taiga; Environmental science; Ecology; Species richness; Ecosystem; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.029386276088813276,"score_gpt":0.22496399579838175,"score_spread":0.19557771970956847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3081681679","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893135,0.000029819246,0.000011511951,0.004869406,0.00024615705,0.00021555646,0.000020484147,0.000079406826,0.0052141612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990355,0.0000031529778,0.00085878535,0.008076351,0.0005338845,0.000006507094,0.000023700835,0.0000019893064,0.00014059928],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884284,0.00007676245,0.00019206193,0.00043034268,0.00012130515,0.0003366881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993801,0.00018172276,0.000052570344,0.000075841526,0.000062697385,0.0002470436],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015841077,0.00015201379,0.00019691937,0.0000026018656,0.00017712305,0.00007257024,0.00030053075,0.00013470302,0.0010749764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023092874,0.00006642172,0.000044898166,0.00046556702,0.00004108033,0.0001281794,0.00013397001,0.00018076912,0.00027447782],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020665683,0.00010388047,0.68108994,0.000042290845,0.000026994829,0.000038765706,0.00062551943,0.001514522,0.211754,0.00040318829,0.095723085,0.008471156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000974234,0.0005611333,0.9818514,0.000016883114,0.000009565799,0.000005531428,0.00043744192,0.001076337,0.0003985163,0.00019065822,0.015114381,0.00024074354],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031990113,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0026266507,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30076143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003735285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020683603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998382},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3084644777","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3231","title":"Reframing tropical savannization: linking changes in canopy structure to energy balance alterations that impact climate","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; European Commission; National Science Foundation; University of Washington; Michigan State University; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (COLCIENCIAS); U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Environmental science; Canopy; Tropical rainforest; Microclimate; Deforestation (computer science); Ecology; Ecosystem; Tree canopy; Atmospheric sciences; Agroforestry; Rainforest; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.007257347705773528,"score_gpt":0.21157040078885325,"score_spread":0.20431305308307973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3084644777","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99083585,0.000039844042,0.0032825375,0.001760015,0.000080558,0.00009416429,0.00008819131,0.000040862175,0.003778009],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99678594,0.000043032644,0.0018286556,0.0010416303,0.00007656419,0.0000068171285,0.00009016377,0.000012632562,0.00011454798],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925035,0.000026977392,0.000116631956,0.00023726902,0.0001352559,0.00023352301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971044,0.000013455904,0.000038201135,0.00011387091,0.0000036135389,0.00012039528],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000022195687,0.00011104016,0.00011410891,0.000011307197,0.00008640241,0.000057715242,0.00013245795,0.00006633982,0.0018824812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009014233,0.00009830816,0.000022793327,0.00027224745,0.000014215802,0.00013359034,0.00009870867,0.00010776012,0.00008203076],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021361422,0.00001693992,0.62637705,0.000009021882,0.000008790427,0.0000278134,0.0013480253,0.35944432,0.0057197306,0.00042983296,0.001910596,0.004686529],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045021175,0.00015898961,0.38093808,0.00006250857,0.000012550571,0.000017000006,0.00009082139,0.59062934,0.0015865621,0.00043624546,0.025142398,0.00047530673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014067054,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006661727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24543896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013914035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008392738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99902993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3087565753","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3211","title":"Resource pulses increase the diversity of successful competitors in a multi‐species stream fish assemblage","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Freshwater Fisheries Society of British Columbia","keywords":"Biology; Abundance (ecology); Competitor analysis; Resource (disambiguation); Ecology; Relative species abundance; Fishery","score_opus":0.016349481627315123,"score_gpt":0.20415051662014558,"score_spread":0.18780103499283046,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3087565753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87957686,0.00001290133,0.000013303038,0.003691913,0.000031626747,0.0001544799,0.00001199172,0.000021626502,0.11648528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99681425,0.000033289944,0.00008444554,0.0016095149,0.000017213475,0.0000059463387,0.0000035475405,0.0000043020427,0.0014274829],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993077,0.000075313095,0.00012907323,0.00019377084,0.0001337301,0.00016044559],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99964434,0.00010800945,0.00006838263,0.00013450836,0.0000034841762,0.00004128585],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001228547,0.00009234351,0.00014299851,0.000005595834,0.0002295099,0.000009189799,0.00036481165,0.000036236925,0.005417854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010416115,0.0000717119,0.00003850542,0.00018661481,0.00022406474,0.00011488221,0.0014227415,0.000108489396,0.00016984437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024826166,0.000073138704,0.75051755,0.0000112551315,0.000014408239,0.000012457214,0.00086013274,0.00034953753,0.000017368282,0.000038323757,0.24797708,0.00010391757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030670225,0.000052448675,0.9596756,0.0000059117233,0.000013287468,1.6260418e-7,0.0029585583,0.0002808384,0.000102816295,0.000023060838,0.036501646,0.00007894459],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012608683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04820913,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21147543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040026483,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000026645953,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9954913},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3091735433","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3238","title":"An introduction to event history analyses for ecologists","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Event (particle physics); Data science; Population; Ecology; Computer science; Range (aeronautics); Biology; Sociology; Demography; Engineering","score_opus":0.041303218474734796,"score_gpt":0.28806872581817955,"score_spread":0.24676550734344477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3091735433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96126413,0.000022369413,0.006491318,0.028846862,0.0003734535,0.00026540784,0.0000025551626,0.00006288861,0.0026710243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859909,0.0000012852661,0.004121792,0.0077845333,0.00044917723,0.000064737294,0.000016205622,0.000007247527,0.0015641201],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943525,0.00003102853,0.000103925755,0.00025699637,0.000054916865,0.00011787577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997185,0.000018550929,0.000039017716,0.000119896955,0.000006266786,0.00009778433],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009506109,0.000060480426,0.000075208925,0.0000039147717,0.000060630337,0.000004846153,0.00011611028,0.000045897985,0.01488615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009586457,0.000060702976,0.00003099375,0.00007088067,0.000028849228,0.00014882784,0.00002805942,0.000042409523,0.001341198],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042893116,0.0000418651,0.028717676,0.0000028999457,0.0000061461565,7.187994e-7,0.00021481629,0.011828192,0.0024147723,0.000076868324,0.9535799,0.003073263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014039177,0.0003681333,0.44329047,4.3673836e-7,0.0000131498355,5.972687e-7,0.000069260175,0.004695077,0.000406159,0.00015706373,0.55075663,0.00010259923],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000039926905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005739643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4145728,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026220415,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013372324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994364},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3092535743","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3265","title":"Niche determinants in a salamander complex: Does hybridism or reproductive parasitism explain patterns of distribution?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Salamander; Obligate; Ecology; Ecological niche; Parasitism; Niche; Salamandridae; Environmental niche modelling; Competition (biology); Species richness; Habitat; Caudata; Host (biology)","score_opus":0.016657772778339918,"score_gpt":0.2688014862866879,"score_spread":0.25214371350834797,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3092535743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918921,0.00018749881,0.006647992,0.0005149525,0.000061836385,0.00017863844,0.00023115469,0.0000099147,0.00027589456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99810684,0.00016033028,0.00039457288,0.00024993933,0.00010818438,0.000016094986,0.00026353778,0.000014372361,0.000686125],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999027,0.000061940336,0.00025884528,0.00038397778,0.00008656509,0.00018168725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999524,0.000009246953,0.00009397017,0.0002551951,0.00004536232,0.000072204435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008204657,0.00012536644,0.00017553582,0.000005480407,0.000030295592,0.000007881006,0.00014340674,0.000082444814,0.00021800598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009112833,0.00009946756,0.0000591422,0.00007291434,0.00004401917,0.0000028397876,0.000092824135,0.00007385075,0.000013626074],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013963316,0.00080017326,0.68236727,0.00039681914,0.00020547025,0.00015111128,0.0015433531,0.0022129116,0.22007377,0.0003910235,0.05997604,0.030485729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002151599,0.00065186474,0.88757354,0.00006240449,0.000027510925,0.000037923874,0.0010675828,0.0062068556,0.08397832,0.00027595417,0.01744372,0.0005227044],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000041363106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006346178,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20520629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013572861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048979837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40561694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094076080","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3274","title":"Linking surface and subterranean climate: implications for the study of hibernating bats and other cave dwellers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Wildlife Conservation Society Canada","funders":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; Nature Conservancy; National Park Service; Colorado Parks and Wildlife; Nevada Department of Wildlife; Vanderbilt University; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Cave; Microclimate; Ecology; Temperate climate; Climate change; Hibernation (computing); Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.06457995136677104,"score_gpt":0.25880273014670324,"score_spread":0.19422277877993221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094076080","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99244064,0.00060693064,0.0000013967908,0.0059600426,0.000030546147,0.00030317737,0.000028789163,0.000014709028,0.0006137437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99927133,0.000114324,0.000060580118,0.00045999142,0.000054243697,0.000013991484,0.0000022815873,6.5874957e-7,0.000022603735],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995795,0.000026800584,0.00010566363,0.00015334882,0.000017886901,0.00011682508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942654,0.0004476602,0.000059874124,0.000023549783,0.00001823745,0.000024118546],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000119716664,0.00006170101,0.000108305765,5.849344e-7,0.00038660702,0.000010403484,0.00008089423,0.00004399211,0.000061377374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026564898,0.000021184132,0.000017704382,0.000048270744,0.00006715493,0.000019849442,0.00007750154,0.000052752363,0.0000020510201],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036774254,0.00005030361,0.9687184,0.000013073534,0.0000762141,2.0881293e-7,0.00265673,0.00001756237,0.005401852,0.00017212126,0.001273845,0.021582887],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021131529,0.00039722832,0.98675567,0.000004088976,0.000027034726,0.0000012944022,0.0088668,0.0001991951,0.0000618765,0.00012872029,0.003278153,0.00006864603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000828701,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028351843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02151424,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000021683404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000010240483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29735076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3095261471","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3282","title":"Spawning salmon density influences fruit production of salmonberry (<i>Rubus spectabilis</i>)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pacific Salmon Foundation; Simon Fraser University","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Shrub; Biology; Riparian zone; Habitat; Foraging; Fishery; Rubus; Ecology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.011223840544227195,"score_gpt":0.20182807810734824,"score_spread":0.19060423756312103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3095261471","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92702115,0.000041540865,0.00004356825,0.0026980548,0.00022424114,0.0001933561,7.818687e-7,0.0000635417,0.06971374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99725115,0.000040588,0.0011173884,0.00069548417,0.00007804162,0.000009248768,0.0000013572601,0.0000078516405,0.0007988788],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912006,0.000033348653,0.00018321375,0.0003275828,0.00015320203,0.00018261415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966514,0.000025614489,0.000107264685,0.00014408155,0.000008405136,0.00004946417],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012841373,0.00011050294,0.00017049938,0.0000057179395,0.00013979104,0.0000073102,0.00016112784,0.000045741177,0.0044670696],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016037715,0.00010446627,0.000041295454,0.00021244382,0.00018685141,0.00022766314,0.00027819537,0.00010513482,0.00095154095],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042076415,0.000057441568,0.7663897,0.000040635314,0.000034107343,0.000008883189,0.0010460723,0.0015431335,0.0014239798,0.00009856601,0.22838162,0.0009337501],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000119294986,0.00011825585,0.9870283,0.0000084877265,0.00002622081,0.0000015696272,0.0005325978,0.00007486372,0.0033214607,0.00090092246,0.007733677,0.00013432236],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014079992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001863402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22064795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000041242874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043861496,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3105476587","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3291","title":"Size‐spectra analysis in the estuary: assessing fish nursery function across a habitat mosaic","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and fisheries research","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Tula Foundation; Simon Fraser University; University of British Columbia; Bell (Canada)","funders":"Hakai Institute; Liber Ero Foundation; Pacific Salmon Foundation; Mitacs; Tula Foundation; McLean Foundation","keywords":"Estuary; Habitat; Predation; Ecology; Ecotone; Abundance (ecology); Foraging; Productivity; Environmental science; Fishery; Biology","score_opus":0.015954659744775584,"score_gpt":0.26656684236312306,"score_spread":0.2506121826183475,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3105476587","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7505237,0.000009504983,0.00028711848,0.0040052193,0.00003686676,0.00013704406,0.0000059798335,0.000029645244,0.24496491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99603426,0.00001075409,0.00027692958,0.0023204621,0.00007165044,0.0000227624,0.000017278999,0.000010515774,0.0012354099],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987218,0.00010577528,0.0001653385,0.00031358327,0.00035508978,0.0003384302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950284,0.00012443139,0.000040714505,0.0002458052,0.0000048736924,0.00008132234],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002883875,0.000109675406,0.00015550562,0.0000059843765,0.00016756397,0.00021862256,0.00032831685,0.000054640725,0.025334707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011075476,0.000083175655,0.00009985841,0.0014453657,0.00009264023,0.00039368455,0.00015958011,0.00028466765,0.00042767602],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038656624,0.00008116033,0.8605017,0.00000941697,0.000055605517,0.00004584406,0.0017297341,0.0009056307,0.00017246003,0.0000080457185,0.104899764,0.031551965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021780927,0.000087975204,0.92524564,0.0000016333587,0.000037680544,0.0000015797067,0.003228807,0.008353978,0.000022844873,0.00011947543,0.062547125,0.00013544719],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007838606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007749789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24551052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008076973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011001618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97555625},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3112212317","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3320","title":"Resource selection at homesites by wolves and eastern coyotes in a <i>Canis</i> hybrid zone","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Trent University","funders":"W. Garfield Weston Foundation","keywords":"Predation; Habitat; Canis; Ecology; Geography; Threatened species; Wetland; Population; Selection (genetic algorithm); Foraging; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.004946965437365924,"score_gpt":0.16870379349264303,"score_spread":0.1637568280552771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3112212317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99045855,0.00017156536,0.00011667574,0.0036169062,0.000015568476,0.00009944829,0.0000044040053,0.000036766516,0.0054801414],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935914,0.000019817313,0.00016959044,0.00318404,0.00002358851,0.0000104106,0.000010970227,0.000008244189,0.002981939],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939567,0.000041629803,0.00010894363,0.00023369383,0.000074158255,0.00014590922],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997929,0.00004386189,0.00004225363,0.00005157303,0.0000017789259,0.00006768139],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006524555,0.00008194421,0.000092233015,0.0000037467019,0.00008942607,0.000015868009,0.0000662222,0.00004368666,0.0030508484],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023897406,0.00008494315,0.000013188689,0.00012229323,0.000059342132,0.0001356154,0.00009420543,0.0000875543,0.00069357315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028585266,0.000017357703,0.7999776,0.000003987282,0.0000030528065,0.0000033089702,0.00018687497,0.00012282417,0.001946182,0.000002646585,0.19606213,0.001645431],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004976271,0.00013118447,0.8970162,0.000008418891,0.0000069491934,0.000011116922,0.00013567215,0.006900727,0.0025208825,0.00007666732,0.09252107,0.00017344509],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018125313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001391508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.103541054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058359667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040492982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3120696509","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3319","title":"Geometric analysis of regime shifts in coral reef communities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Nature Conservancy; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Coral reef; Alternative stable state; Ecology; Dominance (genetics); Reef; Intraspecific competition; Coral; Habitat; Competition (biology); Ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.014935322008505381,"score_gpt":0.21996683902666744,"score_spread":0.20503151701816205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3120696509","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89227605,0.00035127733,0.00001708548,0.00012918004,0.00006126545,0.0000419216,0.000010935564,0.000011554569,0.1071007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937368,0.000116060684,0.00021271093,0.00004603717,0.000008057989,0.000006896761,0.00001751116,0.0000047112476,0.0058512017],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992803,0.000060133094,0.00022029146,0.00012857438,0.00015125875,0.00015944248],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995178,0.000082748746,0.00007313267,0.00028259977,0.000012716214,0.00003101499],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001378256,0.00008259238,0.00029565624,0.000059940503,0.000051561117,0.000010454433,0.00015087237,0.000031390417,0.010799105],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003713107,0.000076983975,0.00009550384,0.0025292663,0.000054171298,0.00008694425,0.00045278968,0.00008351363,0.00021330582],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000074038985,0.00010869931,0.9757058,0.00001558865,0.00015004275,0.000022245184,0.00053007074,0.000537018,0.000057904323,0.000091622234,0.016220672,0.0065529323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014046657,0.000025441128,0.9893559,0.000011193155,0.000078618905,7.9163965e-7,0.0013953259,0.0008829467,0.00007948707,0.00015341729,0.00778079,0.00009558217],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006621638,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.10520318,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10146073,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000076735756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000073013666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3124878133","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3293","title":"Projecting long‐term impacts of a mortality event on vertebrates: incorporating stochasticity in population assessment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Health Canada; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Hellman Family Foundation; Moore Family Foundation; Marisla Foundation; Bently Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation","keywords":"Population; Population model; Wildlife; Biology; Population viability analysis; Population growth; Demography; Vital rates; Ecology; Geography; Habitat; Endangered species","score_opus":0.024672224560865295,"score_gpt":0.32960433015523566,"score_spread":0.30493210559437034,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3124878133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951539,0.000015059261,0.00026991055,0.000032518146,0.000066268854,0.00016688436,0.0000036930737,0.000012490556,0.004279285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940974,0.000002204873,0.00046424926,0.00003675058,0.000010877854,0.00001622046,0.000009947774,0.0000057348097,0.000044252945],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991251,0.00007063196,0.00025632945,0.00022734125,0.00015885284,0.00016172588],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965197,0.000039300572,0.00015381502,0.00011332983,0.0000098739165,0.000031706935],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023052642,0.00009737198,0.00017183665,0.000007607892,0.00009465351,0.00000813315,0.000058358903,0.00005636248,0.0012366608],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007395415,0.00009032624,0.000037752412,0.00017423532,0.00004194991,0.00011619734,0.00012721836,0.00014455718,0.000035627087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009216965,0.00025987145,0.9947697,0.0000165129,0.000008520771,0.000028330176,0.00015040193,0.0017804895,0.0016742375,0.000041843457,0.00004703152,0.0012138363],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020420515,0.0001439631,0.997015,0.000053291675,0.000012819912,0.0000021395508,0.00020452295,0.001353777,0.00081070024,0.00011073514,4.5034267e-7,0.00008838019],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009681945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026528686,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025560493,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027182954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002757508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967635},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3126755434","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3368","title":"Evolution of realized Eltonian niches across<i>Rajidae</i>species","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Trophic level; Niche; Biology; Ecology; Ecological niche; Phylogenetic tree; Species richness; Ecomorphology; Phylogenetic comparative methods; Habitat","score_opus":0.007546621183556004,"score_gpt":0.23228187302023753,"score_spread":0.22473525183668153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3126755434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.80594575,0.0002093054,0.00021893237,0.00023813272,0.00011889027,0.00005512676,0.000009048323,0.000024682195,0.1931801],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97364414,0.0000627977,0.0024643035,0.000118737036,0.000037493617,0.000009197998,0.000008355946,0.000011478133,0.023643496],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988924,0.00008540376,0.00026025737,0.0002865372,0.00019598237,0.00027941357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993525,0.000052979667,0.00011515862,0.00040859645,0.000021447097,0.00004932648],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019669184,0.00010204487,0.0002211256,0.0000052862993,0.00010821044,0.000015951311,0.00021636901,0.000086874694,0.039159708],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012477027,0.00010157448,0.00010904666,0.0003482817,0.00019734295,0.00013367165,0.00027083946,0.000091338596,0.0017744884],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040030096,0.00037303692,0.7521076,0.000028113172,0.00011381335,0.00007341222,0.001309561,0.005252205,0.09485737,0.0023854848,0.1373098,0.006149522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049414695,0.0000527529,0.84501016,0.000010301338,0.00003647353,0.00001834791,0.0012123575,0.00070643285,0.036454756,0.0022108678,0.113573514,0.00021990204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046015668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014174829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1695366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024939523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027143433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99900275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3128230001","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3313","title":"Increased rainfall variability and nitrogen deposition accelerate succession along a common sere","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"Purdue Climate Change Research Center, Purdue University; Texas Tech University; Purdue University","keywords":"Ecological succession; Forb; Plant community; Dominance (genetics); Environmental science; Ecosystem; Ecology; Climate change; Grassland; Biology","score_opus":0.006512971918819075,"score_gpt":0.223586539506616,"score_spread":0.21707356758779692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3128230001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9655178,0.00008345874,0.00021747031,0.00047632848,0.000051947038,0.00009793834,0.0000060320244,0.000032614673,0.033516373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974675,0.000044762375,0.001733216,0.00044319232,0.000013762919,0.000017162354,0.000033586974,0.000006468179,0.00024035947],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919647,0.00017221116,0.00015007013,0.00025429207,0.00007907209,0.00014790153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996087,0.00012152283,0.000054744814,0.00013906925,0.00001388616,0.000062052844],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022744853,0.00009628514,0.00013060443,0.0000036579836,0.00029669775,0.00002955682,0.0000628843,0.00007896082,0.00279159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000567842,0.00009072803,0.000027860006,0.00010741427,0.00008115107,0.00018748743,0.00019416,0.000105606414,0.00017129062],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014940003,0.00007397282,0.9944787,0.000015256577,0.000019021363,0.000024543151,0.00016771423,0.00021985988,0.0015603283,0.00017763216,0.0013754407,0.0018725665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038432574,0.000025606385,0.98237735,0.000011653046,0.000021957414,0.000020721018,0.00010909742,0.007333834,0.0014404053,0.007836585,0.0003027949,0.00013566528],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034446752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009325061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033276014,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006862462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001265533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99812},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3129025524","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3339","title":"Eutrophication management in a Great Lakes wetland: examination of the existence of alternative ecological states","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of Toronto","funders":"Government of Canada","keywords":"Macrophyte; Environmental science; Alternative stable state; Wetland; Eutrophication; Ecology; Biomanipulation; Biogeochemical cycle; Phytoplankton; Salt marsh; Regime shift; Oceanography; Nutrient; Ecosystem; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.009771864452474119,"score_gpt":0.21605076957158217,"score_spread":0.20627890511910807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3129025524","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95403016,0.000027203077,0.00016404173,0.000082997714,0.000053319276,0.00015008,0.000010109063,0.0000029622026,0.045479137],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980235,0.000065267945,0.00074482494,0.00001757969,0.000005105434,0.000013883372,0.0000074575773,0.0000029408477,0.001119414],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934804,0.00009136488,0.00019949788,0.00013307894,0.00015115387,0.00007688959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996226,0.000050520346,0.00013594898,0.00016684413,0.0000107807955,0.000013336151],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016161308,0.00005391206,0.00010197642,0.0000050378617,0.000021009078,0.00000430361,0.00013589115,0.00002778469,0.0012365134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016911767,0.000037996753,0.00002769501,0.00016576557,0.00005196598,0.000049656705,0.00010253593,0.000044597222,0.000025640213],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006291194,0.0013792053,0.763548,0.00057553564,0.00014251718,0.0000944597,0.0076938313,0.09879997,0.006363625,0.04084185,0.0023985677,0.07809954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023206175,0.000034629782,0.9693195,0.000051815365,0.00000784157,0.0000026301905,0.0005460393,0.023496058,0.0017200478,0.0040248097,0.0005044138,0.000060117873],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000111806046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004042966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20577155,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007104091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046540654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967647},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133330125","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3391","title":"Boreal conifer seedling responses to experimental competition removal during summer drought","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Regina","keywords":"Seedling; Competition (biology); Canopy; Understory; Environmental science; Agronomy; Black spruce; Tsuga; Growing season; Biology; Taiga; Horticulture; Botany; Ecology","score_opus":0.009533596741389126,"score_gpt":0.22562290206274596,"score_spread":0.21608930532135684,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133330125","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91980904,0.00007183336,0.0000863665,0.00017592595,0.00012565895,0.00007328818,0.00002300312,0.000041478066,0.07959341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850794,0.000009304617,0.002611789,0.00017829135,0.000044284676,0.000008786426,0.00004067137,0.000013794897,0.0120137],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99917215,0.000043724256,0.00014358314,0.00025758994,0.00017523197,0.00020772703],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999684,0.000018070266,0.00002632272,0.00017066044,0.0000061662117,0.00009479521],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000064352585,0.00010221783,0.00009619938,0.000008474413,0.0001414534,0.000049481376,0.000084505264,0.00004990633,0.0051511065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009802916,0.00010578461,0.00004422494,0.00013969855,0.00002929876,0.00014087527,0.00014327868,0.0000852753,0.0012765755],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004918976,0.0006724101,0.19608402,0.00003238576,0.00009581643,0.002865177,0.0033894263,0.0516013,0.7281071,0.002346458,0.012559084,0.001754924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018313576,0.00014252104,0.64560986,0.00013409904,0.00003905017,0.0013185118,0.0016330869,0.018265098,0.24832629,0.0003280297,0.081176765,0.001195343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000301724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4797808,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016777882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011432207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99950105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133885109","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3417","title":"Invasive annual grass interacts with drought to influence plant communities and soil moisture in dryland restoration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Campbell Scientific (Canada)","funders":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","keywords":"Bromus tectorum; Native plant; Agronomy; Forb; Environmental science; Water content; Growing season; Vegetation (pathology); Plant ecology; Plant community; Drought tolerance; Soil water; Weed; Ecology; Introduced species; Biology; Grassland; Soil science; Species richness","score_opus":0.004885252996579047,"score_gpt":0.1895693296624845,"score_spread":0.18468407666590544,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133885109","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865125,0.00004905217,0.000027141914,0.00089104904,0.000030941846,0.00010579106,0.000013557666,0.000011511448,0.012358456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99757963,0.00006188086,0.0003078158,0.0010208808,0.00001605876,0.000015866848,0.00002703063,0.00000636162,0.00096447737],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994483,0.000049407405,0.00009833865,0.0001443531,0.00012588524,0.00013373348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971235,0.000040745115,0.000029572187,0.0001517823,0.00000795457,0.00005757762],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007163354,0.00009091525,0.00009555103,0.000009904574,0.00007569191,0.000058984464,0.00009335197,0.000028313283,0.00023295356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015795706,0.000073357645,0.000008057043,0.00013880323,0.000041032155,0.00026344787,0.00016997395,0.00010413449,0.00011694145],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011462861,0.00013870641,0.8768291,0.000055062574,0.000022885328,0.00036727873,0.016736055,0.024118604,0.0007306081,0.000105056,0.077382624,0.0033993833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00052406907,0.00013197048,0.9725246,0.00018293616,0.0000070266374,0.000019928551,0.008700346,0.000103214355,0.0011340986,0.00017765738,0.016282333,0.00021185637],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025453318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2484052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24585986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055484266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010755303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.76530945},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3133904559","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3415","title":"Inconsistent browning of northeastern U.S. lakes despite increased precipitation and recovery from acidification","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Division of Emerging Frontiers; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Browning; Dissolved organic carbon; Precipitation; Boreal; Environmental science; Deposition (geology); Physical geography; Acid deposition; Climate change; Southern Hemisphere; Ecology; Ecosystem; Soil water; Geography; Chemistry; Geology; Soil science; Structural basin; Biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.009947048814994938,"score_gpt":0.18000116026705135,"score_spread":0.1700541114520564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3133904559","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.970883,0.0011690527,0.00015402825,0.000059820537,0.00013095386,0.00007164297,0.00011372716,0.000015071862,0.02740272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819225,0.00006892084,0.0008043885,0.000044477612,0.000052340616,0.0000012552857,0.0004084421,0.0000026245066,0.00042527288],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993246,0.00007672389,0.0002089874,0.00018416438,0.00011085127,0.0000946349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995093,0.00012328598,0.00011005243,0.00013778497,0.000061188126,0.000058400474],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000101963335,0.00007386208,0.00013362952,0.000012978262,0.00005094737,0.000044325338,0.00005110262,0.00004179831,0.0024344933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051670042,0.000069473295,0.000032962023,0.00009582573,0.0000153549,0.00018213746,0.000010719038,0.00004723846,0.00008454058],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055717635,0.000021118845,0.71893907,0.00006511518,0.000045673136,0.000008987033,0.00029305773,0.00042235898,0.00094769173,0.000019169891,0.00028544536,0.27889657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002525243,0.000067983885,0.9872932,0.00006564607,0.00002239664,0.000007530744,0.00074546825,0.007410498,0.0012352699,0.0005592466,0.002224628,0.00011564763],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008289507,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09862171,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27878094,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000026049909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053779204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3135715828","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3394","title":"Diameter limits impede restoration of historical conditions in dry mixed‐conifer forests of eastern Oregon, USA","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada","funders":"U.S. Forest Service","keywords":"Thinning; Basal area; Range (aeronautics); Geography; Forestry; Disturbance (geology); Native forest; Forest structure; Shade tolerance; Environmental science; Agroforestry; Forest management; Ecology; Biology; Archaeology; Canopy","score_opus":0.011402254568197046,"score_gpt":0.22506583555251422,"score_spread":0.21366358098431718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3135715828","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99101734,0.00014580548,0.00023379872,0.00011133392,0.00037312193,0.00017419342,0.000016009104,0.000010464546,0.00791793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99705267,0.000006230106,0.00068778824,0.000025741958,0.000031203752,0.000023485436,0.000014336965,0.000015533535,0.0021429842],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987802,0.00013679259,0.00039416543,0.00025597488,0.0002469166,0.00018593186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992818,0.0001376895,0.0001691067,0.00032129523,0.000021861426,0.00006821303],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017830636,0.00011387881,0.0002481025,0.000019949912,0.00002677007,0.00000877625,0.00013965432,0.0000991302,0.0032193928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015158101,0.00011449865,0.000073795985,0.00027414822,0.000057784742,0.00023107264,0.000073259755,0.00010232012,0.0005124489],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000019373487,0.00025602,0.9472193,0.000082541235,0.000015415244,0.000040704006,0.00033488424,0.000659665,0.021314658,0.00011176079,0.02592928,0.004016368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043801812,0.00012728309,0.977124,0.000082006794,0.000012764518,0.000006509737,0.000056464007,0.0030488395,0.015287272,0.00020597974,0.0034579586,0.00015292858],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001648772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.052701917,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.051053148,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004423979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003273826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976918},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3136209027","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3413","title":"Caribbean mangrove forests act as coral refugia by reducing light stress and increasing coral richness","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; McGill University","keywords":"Mangrove; Species richness; Ecology; Reef; Coral reef; Coral; Habitat; Coral bleaching; Intertidal zone; Foundation species; Environmental issues with coral reefs; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.00419117230413225,"score_gpt":0.2036636266329253,"score_spread":0.19947245432879307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3136209027","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93359286,0.0006636989,0.0000081852095,0.00045671946,0.0003012795,0.00013737542,0.000032375272,0.00005456636,0.06475297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99032193,0.00005619955,0.0002540466,0.00008189161,0.0000901075,0.000014509554,0.000035417786,0.000022805507,0.009123084],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986397,0.00007603448,0.0002200665,0.00047900382,0.00021677144,0.00036843226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942905,0.000053711992,0.000096866046,0.0002533204,0.000017539176,0.00014950366],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012643599,0.00021168673,0.00026434296,0.0000071922077,0.00029011877,0.00009725551,0.0001394223,0.0000740404,0.0019097435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067747314,0.0001928425,0.00005271739,0.00018025392,0.000065387976,0.0002653051,0.0007043327,0.00015208812,0.00035933405],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064870255,0.00014108865,0.8581789,0.000101918966,0.000062667634,0.00023877868,0.0006529311,0.000024864334,0.0063696024,0.0001499853,0.11162327,0.022391083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011042856,0.0002255624,0.84667087,0.00027669562,0.0000897493,0.0002627231,0.001930987,0.00063158956,0.016251357,0.00060729915,0.13100207,0.00094685087],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005588354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012824543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05672911,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014943487,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018522838,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99900264},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3138865628","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3427","title":"Climate‐induced yellow‐cedar decline on the island archipelago of Haida Gwaii","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Dendrochronology; Climate change; Geography; Ecology; Population decline; Range (aeronautics); Snowpack; Population; Dendroclimatology; Forest dynamics; Temperate rainforest; Physical geography; Ecosystem; Snow; Demography; Habitat; Biology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.022321252602253695,"score_gpt":0.2356929513257705,"score_spread":0.2133716987235168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3138865628","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9128356,0.0005442157,0.000007798779,0.0007871728,0.00026532687,0.00009543835,0.00019699059,0.000038009424,0.08522942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980564,0.00019023594,0.00031675913,0.0003448134,0.00009281115,9.375178e-7,0.00005901395,0.000007964898,0.00093106827],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865866,0.00018401009,0.00026241716,0.00026502053,0.0002845732,0.00034534518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99840635,0.0009350422,0.0000998318,0.00042965618,0.000043660228,0.00008545959],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003186754,0.00015276161,0.0002148361,0.000018370476,0.00014746939,0.000054408567,0.00028744075,0.00006903454,0.015101271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002384024,0.00010123826,0.00010012042,0.00023019654,0.00006561178,0.00007052658,0.000043694934,0.00019596948,0.0018922129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0015505446,0.00045215082,0.58258057,0.00038046672,0.0002996217,0.0008062804,0.0022061479,0.005865535,0.0068507693,0.0026810057,0.05169577,0.34463114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00062430114,0.00036531413,0.9637158,0.0001638503,0.00003417386,0.00004954471,0.0012195905,0.0027934897,0.013970277,0.00108715,0.0156468,0.0003297429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037443946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.024464874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3811352,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000033107747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008237184,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988849},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3146075689","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3411","title":"The species–area relationship for a highly fragmented temperate river system","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Species richness; Ecology; Littoral zone; Habitat; Vegetation (pathology); Geography; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Population; Nestedness; Habitat destruction; Ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.013735953847821301,"score_gpt":0.19925821420006853,"score_spread":0.18552226035224723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3146075689","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4494694,0.00014858112,0.0011654034,0.0058111795,0.0006823483,0.00051594875,0.000016607133,0.00010896447,0.5420816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.87887186,0.00003552048,0.0009593784,0.00040060517,0.000030031191,0.00012443628,0.00001085378,0.000008410797,0.11955893],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993279,0.000042915002,0.00013152885,0.00020457758,0.00009100608,0.00020205947],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951315,0.00019787486,0.00004816114,0.00020099625,0.000012913736,0.00002692752],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016735304,0.000083029554,0.00008736816,0.0000027572519,0.00087308086,0.00003375732,0.00012770703,0.000041978026,0.0018031232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000088768364,0.00006103692,0.000047334805,0.00012076867,0.0001146825,0.0000873259,0.00016877684,0.00006441993,0.0013682455],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014729108,0.000023785686,0.08798093,0.000015346408,0.00004619226,0.000008317725,0.00013644008,0.00022996421,0.000025406256,0.01076375,0.9006489,0.0001062113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033849655,0.000031063664,0.6321946,0.000011188304,0.000028136566,0.0000021649182,0.001246742,0.0006918321,0.000098424105,0.0008729023,0.36438137,0.00010309643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013258312,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022274882,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54421365,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013229305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006717474,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3151685419","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3457","title":"Foraging habitat drives the distribution of an endangered bat in an urbanizing boreal landscape","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yukon University; University of Alberta; University of Northern British Columbia; University of Calgary; Yukon Department of Environment","funders":"Environment Canada","keywords":"Ecology; Geography; Habitat; Threatened species; Foraging; Endangered species; Taiga; Range (aeronautics); Species distribution; Boreal; Landscape connectivity; Biological dispersal; Biology; Population","score_opus":0.01425917183468185,"score_gpt":0.2175174310230662,"score_spread":0.20325825918838436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3151685419","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99599886,0.00068800565,0.0000010904573,0.0014801498,0.00009231505,0.00005500496,0.00004305009,0.00001886097,0.0016226895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993271,0.00004791205,0.00003712332,0.00010012588,0.00008826578,0.000008344972,0.00032661247,4.613234e-7,0.00006404419],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934864,0.00012220885,0.00012899385,0.00017855848,0.000039326093,0.00018226147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996985,0.00013482734,0.00004692779,0.000050707025,0.00004138669,0.000027652613],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015824623,0.00007331133,0.00013287536,0.0000014074476,0.00019031044,0.000014750999,0.00012467366,0.00008258386,0.00026742643],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047294838,0.00002582245,0.0000359393,0.0001506861,0.00007422967,0.00011814828,0.000058380745,0.00009743624,0.0000075573007],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003600043,0.00017062206,0.9440161,0.0000056229946,0.000023520173,0.000019443802,0.0006022183,0.00001277084,0.01142313,0.00052481744,0.003767589,0.039398193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009374858,0.00013817982,0.99209785,0.000007072766,0.0000060714037,0.0000052171504,0.0037756604,0.00014134603,0.0017044403,0.00059517997,0.0013678283,0.00006740548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011000532,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.058035426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057925418,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010513592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000062269587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.959153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3157035310","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3484","title":"Vegetation dynamics models: a comprehensive set for natural resource assessment and planning in the United States","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre For Cold Ocean Resources Engineering","funders":"","keywords":"Baseline (sea); Environmental resource management; Vegetation (pathology); Context (archaeology); Ecosystem services; Ecosystem; Ecosystem management; Disturbance (geology); Variety (cybernetics); Resource (disambiguation); Land use; Land management; Adaptive management; Environmental science; Ecology; Geography; Computer science; Political science","score_opus":0.02291120849753836,"score_gpt":0.2722511065857421,"score_spread":0.24933989808820373,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3157035310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892139,0.00021720714,0.0027954292,0.0011754134,0.00003682365,0.00019058467,0.000008157379,0.000010272824,0.00635224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962566,0.00003134883,0.001803741,0.0013644604,0.00001366541,0.000023285642,0.0002592754,0.0000057132133,0.000241913],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994981,0.000051603478,0.00008478533,0.00014401274,0.00010488191,0.00011660792],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997619,0.00010042649,0.000028095581,0.00008705285,0.000006054109,0.00001646189],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095507196,0.00006396078,0.00006320217,0.0000072977414,0.00008279627,0.00004842044,0.00006918838,0.000017999533,0.000025545065],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004350141,0.00004702244,0.000015829064,0.00012748688,0.000022499431,0.00007672234,0.000059797323,0.00007583925,0.000004080307],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021796213,0.00005610845,0.014717263,0.000058755606,0.000022638262,0.00004229967,0.0051064687,0.92569906,0.00001718998,0.0012934092,0.044536747,0.008428297],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035299826,0.000019896985,0.0796025,0.00002443862,0.000007359405,0.0000021905557,0.009290315,0.8913907,0.0000021450512,0.002314048,0.016921144,0.00007225068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000093103605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004992806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.064885244,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000658804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032230744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19175196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3159172204","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3481","title":"Predicting patterns of terrestrial lichen biomass recovery following boreal wildfires","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; University of Alberta; University of Saskatchewan; Université Laval; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Toronto; Western Economic Diversification Canada; Polar Knowledge Canada; University of Manitoba; W. Garfield Weston Foundation; Cameco; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Lichen; Taiga; Cladonia; Boreal; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Environmental science; Physical geography; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.013809997702482302,"score_gpt":0.21263992065457937,"score_spread":0.19882992295209706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3159172204","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880751,0.00022317455,0.0000015035811,0.00051598984,0.0006812461,0.00007478593,0.000054888344,0.000046735982,0.0103265885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986324,0.000024081923,0.00008220644,0.00011816657,0.00056192494,0.0000065132513,0.00009881953,0.0000012464634,0.00047468537],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99907607,0.00007733305,0.00024398864,0.00024219374,0.0001228874,0.00023753505],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952656,0.00022740907,0.00009622265,0.000060561302,0.000020368563,0.00006889812],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012612937,0.00010357785,0.00020619441,0.0000028997326,0.000092849165,0.00003393893,0.00015723189,0.00012911293,0.0012341535],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013309697,0.00004554937,0.00018397935,0.00015593886,0.000013805871,0.00010909332,0.000101872276,0.00009454358,0.000030079313],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000384689,0.00011305996,0.87064666,0.000011386754,0.000088173525,0.000060494454,0.00009300329,0.0000017817179,0.07783823,0.000029061985,0.0028739532,0.04820575],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028342343,0.0002371499,0.97813934,0.000038100075,0.000025297011,0.0000076122474,0.00049235765,0.000050653216,0.014914064,0.00024469983,0.0054209,0.00014641945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002391106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0073173274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.107492685,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001891402,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022352675,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99967885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3159750792","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3465","title":"Mercury and water level management in lakes of northern Minnesota","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Mercury impact and mitigation studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Methylmercury; Perch; Mercury (programming language); Environmental science; Ecosystem; Lake ecosystem; Ecology; Temperate climate; Hydrology (agriculture); Fishery; Bioaccumulation; Biology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.018701752851664883,"score_gpt":0.23301594850673443,"score_spread":0.21431419565506954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3159750792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90608454,0.00020527563,0.000012837176,0.0003789766,0.00003409355,0.000049051716,0.000004324152,0.0000042044308,0.0932267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99228054,0.00016932096,0.0005421933,0.00008743317,0.000005860169,0.000005211922,0.0000038135868,0.0000043951663,0.006901258],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995477,0.000015927582,0.00011146974,0.000119582284,0.0000895433,0.00011575185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998485,0.000009107121,0.000016489565,0.00009516515,0.000004267662,0.000026502115],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006587911,0.000057084624,0.00008826823,0.0000047404874,0.000027297729,0.000005978807,0.000039972634,0.000017145852,0.0049467995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004757877,0.000042914475,0.00001590199,0.00006393821,0.000048324368,0.000075877855,0.0001230782,0.000027514827,0.00029289303],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022371358,0.00025214528,0.77368355,0.00013454165,0.000117534226,0.00014574834,0.008865165,0.0002980067,0.033681963,0.00039704517,0.03784839,0.14455356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004976061,0.00001937726,0.92511845,0.000025927522,0.000016791268,0.000006927172,0.002707278,0.00004096276,0.027122889,0.00086136075,0.043419514,0.00016289006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008958089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005114851,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15143494,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017808557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001739936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959628},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3159968248","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3506","title":"Does the type of silvicultural practice influence spruce budworm defoliation of seedlings?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"","keywords":"Spruce budworm; Black spruce; Balsam; Choristoneura fumiferana; Abies balsamea; Seedling; Taiga; Silviculture; Biology; Forestry; Ecology; Agronomy; Botany; Tortricidae; PEST analysis; Geography","score_opus":0.004940977137716617,"score_gpt":0.22834700741303127,"score_spread":0.22340603027531464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3159968248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805163,0.00014363743,0.000012151855,0.0005801098,0.0002777558,0.00015178896,0.000004081117,0.000015150523,0.018299017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99757814,0.000029171157,0.0011189677,0.00014708137,0.000032051124,0.0000047471017,0.0000028768222,0.000008016646,0.0010789478],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990405,0.000107254,0.0002638693,0.00017384377,0.0002805666,0.00013399271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99902153,0.00027604177,0.00029647737,0.00029552792,0.000078671466,0.00003175653],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030425473,0.000087870925,0.00013474534,0.000003000152,0.000055452118,0.000017340313,0.00019780334,0.000052919728,0.0014096119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00085566076,0.00004645569,0.000043550277,0.00032670694,0.00007113637,0.00037562652,0.00011143963,0.000099549114,0.0004571738],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021623784,0.00066584756,0.28029662,0.0004870646,0.00023316551,0.00005915346,0.00894489,0.02891021,0.62174237,0.00088690623,0.032443214,0.025114303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049426546,0.00019406895,0.74186003,0.00016984259,0.00009106756,0.000054177493,0.0024179788,0.004148018,0.19702116,0.00031084253,0.052911207,0.00032733515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013314022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012082441,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4615634,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000069551126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021964575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99950325},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3160126218","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3502","title":"A multigroup extension to piecewise path analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Aard- en Levenswetenschappen, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Path (computing); Consistency (knowledge bases); Mathematics; Extension (predicate logic); Path analysis (statistics); Statistical hypothesis testing; Piecewise; Computer science; Statistics; Algorithm; Discrete mathematics","score_opus":0.007769208956172554,"score_gpt":0.21884712867854245,"score_spread":0.2110779197223699,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3160126218","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9414364,0.00033983748,0.0017195408,0.000463943,0.00006584563,0.00009542391,0.000008692342,0.000041843996,0.055828482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835647,0.00006597902,0.008906659,0.0014283118,0.000032263393,0.00001999409,0.000013136432,0.000012855156,0.005956112],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987907,0.0000330088,0.00017217468,0.00046091372,0.00025684523,0.0002863529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994061,0.000032651977,0.000035355966,0.0003485717,0.0000047257445,0.00017259199],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008353896,0.00014488204,0.00022175351,0.000011046024,0.0001622981,0.00002514298,0.00012237765,0.000043599786,0.06900893],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004792471,0.00013442955,0.00013158903,0.0006335135,0.000047741993,0.000095795556,0.00040935125,0.000078883015,0.010012997],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041925832,0.00062428624,0.5897685,0.000010854954,0.00048934604,0.0006796116,0.0013738384,0.031452235,0.082517035,0.00005909216,0.23693562,0.05604766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016179058,0.000037575242,0.9643329,0.0000069583366,0.00015881525,0.0000046738523,0.0003159633,0.00085278857,0.0019659863,0.0001486519,0.031801198,0.00021269816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00053697784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032601478,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3745644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014400939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036610165,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9907578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3161396635","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3507","title":"An indicator species highlights continuous deadwood supply is a key ecological attribute of boreal old‐growth forests","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","keywords":"Woodpecker; Ecology; Old-growth forest; Taiga; Biodiversity; Black spruce; Geography; Abies balsamea; Threatened species; Snag; Foraging; Habitat; Boreal; Forest ecology; Ecosystem; Balsam; Biology","score_opus":0.012447952276339037,"score_gpt":0.19758811814903704,"score_spread":0.185140165872698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3161396635","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890625,0.00025797114,5.312086e-7,0.005745019,0.00013987545,0.00014362634,0.0005570109,0.0000641162,0.004029333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969467,0.00021403415,0.00020889193,0.0007021655,0.00013476695,0.000007727843,0.00021603383,9.2718307e-7,0.0015687485],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99866045,0.00009426142,0.0002488713,0.00041774174,0.00018872382,0.00038996153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992427,0.00016876013,0.00013990862,0.000089276284,0.00022210757,0.00013725096],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011918005,0.00018822215,0.00039050233,0.00000665686,0.00035480497,0.000039185565,0.00035030543,0.00025266988,0.006721244],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000077803204,0.00007865028,0.00016047228,0.00024893676,0.0002410862,0.00013412679,0.00019240791,0.00014176102,0.0002782298],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047597943,0.00054109807,0.8913826,0.000011371932,0.00008882545,0.00012175885,0.00022775443,3.6673333e-7,0.0016011319,0.0023234703,0.10313031,0.00052374246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027693447,0.00076054136,0.9690741,0.000009055016,0.000035208683,0.000011544684,0.00081376365,0.000002850538,0.010948055,0.00070713647,0.017167702,0.00019314961],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024193693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0103459135,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08596261,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000299983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021772841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99418676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3162058524","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3513","title":"Old‐growth forest structure in a low‐productivity hypermaritime rainforest in coastal British Columbia, Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Smiths Detection (Canada); Tula Foundation; Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Hakai Institute; University of Victoria","keywords":"Bog; Woodland; Vegetation (pathology); Ecology; Productivity; Rainforest; Vegetation type; Old-growth forest; Forestry; Environmental science; Geography; Agroforestry; Biology; Peat; Shrub","score_opus":0.004105696560159843,"score_gpt":0.16598978032847933,"score_spread":0.16188408376831948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3162058524","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906211,0.0004925938,4.5256314e-7,0.0002313233,0.00032087663,0.00015488558,0.0012677879,0.000026877486,0.006884097],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99666095,0.000039166658,0.00018561244,0.00021907996,0.000095447205,0.0000016707841,0.0003619905,0.000008903406,0.0024271715],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837345,0.000116207615,0.0002753742,0.00042652377,0.0002841291,0.0005243266],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993114,0.00019607368,0.00005559378,0.00023178106,0.0000662667,0.00013888249],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014232444,0.00013482952,0.00027758913,0.000018184555,0.000099593846,0.000282287,0.00020055288,0.000095831805,0.0096941115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004242884,0.00020313996,0.00003660532,0.00048639122,0.00006476094,0.00027987178,0.000038390142,0.00030449088,0.00003924198],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021131837,0.00002229783,0.9794035,0.00006608392,0.000006601166,0.0019089632,0.000036033995,0.0022854055,0.00000953807,0.0000025728862,0.008661649,0.0075762263],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005249358,0.00002290613,0.99542177,0.00010289542,0.000003057125,0.00021042014,0.00017450453,0.00088811986,0.000030621544,0.00026042885,0.0021200553,0.00024028945],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9929674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99999654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01601827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004285789,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009951027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9912112},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3162578329","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3529","title":"Size‐, species‐, and site‐specific tree growth responses to climate variability in old‐growth subalpine forests","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; U.S. Forest Service; University of Victoria","keywords":"Basal area; Climate change; Dendrochronology; Ecology; Environmental science; Tree (set theory); Competition (biology); Geography; Biology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013398527047453252,"score_gpt":0.21859653833699141,"score_spread":0.20519801128953816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3162578329","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638336,0.0007916754,0.000013347642,0.001522721,0.00024711358,0.0002452124,0.00040251578,0.000101831014,0.032842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935107,0.00074854726,0.0028976384,0.00033217797,0.00012091659,0.0000045444267,0.000063568674,0.000015088117,0.0023068115],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971691,0.00055755407,0.00045009571,0.00077393814,0.00032456903,0.0007247629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99641407,0.0025842122,0.000077238685,0.0004720911,0.00013769859,0.00031467347],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011273983,0.00029500024,0.00042138662,0.00006686973,0.00017139273,0.00020663676,0.00025389646,0.00013075043,0.011279441],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024601298,0.0002768584,0.00007973444,0.0007271724,0.000106878615,0.00024140533,0.00009653968,0.00023145735,0.0011365403],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007355902,0.000059654736,0.98849607,0.00008706217,0.000009086422,0.00037009027,0.0002440424,0.000051222054,0.0005018249,0.0004331904,0.0042793835,0.004732793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00057211384,0.00013857575,0.99078536,0.00006412547,0.000009234064,0.00005686698,0.00016835204,0.00017308159,0.00104475,0.001018959,0.005639027,0.00032957838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000813655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08470353,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08388987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033975288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010260623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996835},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163166489","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3443","title":"Integrating counts, telemetry, and non‐invasive DNA data to improve demographic monitoring of an endangered species","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Trent University; Parks Canada","funders":"University of Montana","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Vital rates; Endangered species; Population; Mark and recapture; Biology; Abundance (ecology); Population size; Juvenile; Ecology; Geography; Demography; Habitat; Population growth","score_opus":0.020475885012318628,"score_gpt":0.2394110417927807,"score_spread":0.21893515678046208,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163166489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900988,0.000059483587,0.00005876863,0.00013073748,0.0001799333,0.000060487768,0.00002442136,0.000009303881,0.009378101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99161065,0.00003226379,0.0074602994,0.00009858747,0.000066446264,0.0000038969324,0.00001951649,0.000005470883,0.00070287153],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950796,0.000020505893,0.000100115365,0.00020521275,0.00007241886,0.00009376925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996039,0.00004901573,0.00004049358,0.00025460482,0.000010315222,0.00004162237],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010744213,0.000056060853,0.00007708093,0.0000066612615,0.000058953094,0.0000149441,0.00014328011,0.000039953582,0.0013797025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011441874,0.000055481825,0.00001026384,0.00014760335,0.00004187463,0.00017553178,0.00018977158,0.000061263825,0.000087123015],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000428283,0.000025705065,0.9439544,0.000009478531,0.0000124048565,0.0000075175194,0.00019319312,0.0000050592776,0.031266473,0.000022361986,0.010088403,0.014410683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000804598,0.000037901376,0.98292834,0.000015421065,0.000008594951,0.0000027410165,0.00080987375,0.00017736634,0.0133755505,0.000088299916,0.002405742,0.00006972168],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008417095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016264659,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03897389,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019256826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016572258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995332},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3163985462","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3530","title":"Simulation modeling accounts for uncertainty while quantifying ecological effects of development alternatives","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society","funders":"Wilburforce Foundation","keywords":"Wildlife; Environmental resource management; Habitat; Ecology; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.18447085622313733,"score_gpt":0.27590962457935736,"score_spread":0.09143876835622003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3163985462","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9208021,0.0006995163,0.07523378,0.00002679323,0.00024032021,0.00020032954,0.000019213854,0.000011327888,0.0027665994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99160004,0.000054197488,0.0077998256,0.00006025423,0.000041829648,0.000042249932,0.000055331177,0.0000126025925,0.00033368575],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991314,0.000009831582,0.00042379613,0.00026997353,0.000022148448,0.00014287159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946344,0.00017719268,0.000197368,0.00011246473,0.000021376316,0.000028173186],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022051613,0.00009085201,0.00023521659,0.000018720923,0.00007930699,0.000020941594,0.000073229116,0.000068132744,0.0006648127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013935298,0.000107324886,0.00007105927,0.0000418619,0.000012143012,0.00015959196,0.000041665164,0.000044071898,0.00018458231],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008884628,0.000111718684,0.02254907,0.00009210757,0.000051403345,6.6899656e-7,0.00036350527,0.96952003,0.00006213464,0.0051517063,0.00006531856,0.0020234443],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068923197,0.000035651727,0.054932315,0.00002827867,0.000005546205,2.3176365e-7,0.00013523971,0.93501884,0.0013960906,0.0060313717,0.0015612334,0.0001659412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011112747,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037503836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.070797905,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015583898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021688611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7279232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3166184433","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3534","title":"Marine mammal biodiversity and rare narwhal (<i>Monodon monoceros</i>) observations near northern Ellesmere Island, Canada","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Manitoba; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère de la Défense Nationale; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; W. Garfield Weston Foundation","keywords":"Fjord; Marine mammal; Arctic; Geography; Biodiversity; Oceanography; Context (archaeology); Climate change; Ecology; Fishery; Biology; Geology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.011500829786388896,"score_gpt":0.1715571197778239,"score_spread":0.160056289991435,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3166184433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95853955,0.00022019887,0.000004373047,0.0017255361,0.0000838473,0.00010563931,0.00010567115,0.000025685342,0.039189525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97913545,0.00061736046,0.0027203786,0.0036199382,0.00007611534,0.000012844772,0.00016184775,0.000026432139,0.013629647],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989694,0.000033083703,0.00014970705,0.00036154132,0.00021704761,0.0002692643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995418,0.000030585834,0.000057500944,0.00022626371,0.000021878903,0.00012196458],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004848613,0.0001635382,0.00018002745,0.0000020333,0.00042579073,0.00004865491,0.00015973559,0.00004840754,0.02320042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027946813,0.0001655841,0.00004241205,0.00015940305,0.00007423053,0.0001340446,0.0010844435,0.00013248541,0.0003488414],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000098553755,0.000025016467,0.80419,0.000011960312,0.000023808152,0.00009201061,0.00006645857,0.000082620354,0.000014050551,0.000006902128,0.18695158,0.00852576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025760496,0.000019657853,0.7417319,0.000004253397,0.000017313208,0.000011094129,0.00025716014,0.00023524366,0.000039125676,0.000026162132,0.25723377,0.0001667189],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7097854,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9970775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2872921,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022989449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008419431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9776925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3166369361","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3543","title":"Migration efficiency sustains connectivity across agroecological networks supporting sandhill crane migration","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Colorado Parks and Wildlife; Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game","keywords":"Flyway; Sandhill; Wetland; Ecology; Habitat; Geography; Landscape connectivity; Nestedness; Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Biology; Population; Biological dispersal","score_opus":0.008115941691418594,"score_gpt":0.25643768093979746,"score_spread":0.24832173924837886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3166369361","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9764934,0.000044357155,0.011585567,0.001979765,0.0002884025,0.00017022448,0.0000060830093,0.00007549247,0.009356698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959753,0.00003168058,0.00042537902,0.0006622903,0.00010686845,0.000029007655,0.00007155903,0.000010820734,0.0026870836],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986166,0.00011169682,0.00031227822,0.00039741385,0.00019076928,0.00037128662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935764,0.0001281964,0.00016062017,0.00022309706,0.00004972431,0.000080693615],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031562053,0.00014233863,0.00014859156,0.0000056682406,0.0004118588,0.00012637053,0.00010464113,0.00012505977,0.012282394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026238424,0.00013465715,0.00009053911,0.00033279075,0.00006552075,0.000455278,0.00010330521,0.00019447139,0.0004411855],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000061527266,0.00074156735,0.75071836,0.000016468864,0.00002941877,0.00009983685,0.0014056271,0.0886512,0.007159255,0.00025988315,0.11520871,0.035648152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036559175,0.00011725612,0.8050152,0.000013824602,0.000015382824,0.000041838593,0.0017626391,0.16229708,0.0017755413,0.0002024729,0.02811329,0.00027985868],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009825055,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028752256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08709542,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022692211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027704158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98897046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3167473269","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3550","title":"Management‐mediated predation rate in the caribou–moose–wolf system: spatial configuration of logging activities matters","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; Compute Canada; Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune; Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Université Laval","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Geography; Ecology; Taiga; Boreal; Disturbance (geology); Logging; Threatened species; Population; Predation; Canis; Forestry; Biology; Habitat; Demography","score_opus":0.006095165807309643,"score_gpt":0.19190587459559208,"score_spread":0.18581070878828243,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3167473269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96744883,0.000014349904,0.0022130185,0.0016038651,0.00017281511,0.00022352247,0.000007455036,0.000020232026,0.028295895],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860156,0.0000075539883,0.00008118251,0.00065415795,0.000017564878,0.00003725762,0.00009485192,0.000004814507,0.00050104375],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992187,0.00021187954,0.0001834627,0.0001529159,0.00011646394,0.00011655786],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996357,0.000093792114,0.00010582948,0.00014698139,0.000005893717,0.00001182756],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027517893,0.00006901782,0.00008901273,0.000010113152,0.000076979544,0.000021709442,0.00010218393,0.00005126816,0.0014037265],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015388974,0.000061032704,0.00002154985,0.00014759666,0.000062467254,0.00022342452,0.000038112277,0.00007168086,0.00016810032],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018371824,0.00044370367,0.84220505,0.0006147004,0.00017356963,0.00029482043,0.007618955,0.018267399,0.010579682,0.0060965465,0.085539214,0.027982615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035333808,0.000018555096,0.98795956,0.000034042303,0.000020750538,0.0000039916863,0.004215044,0.003539441,0.0021947445,0.0001256724,0.00144964,0.00008523328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040913298,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018288104,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14575447,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008954219,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010293877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995091},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3167541303","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3567","title":"Mechanisms of density dependence in juvenile salmonids: prey depletion, interference competition, or energy expenditure?","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Intraspecific competition; Predation; Foraging; Biology; Competition (biology); Juvenile; Density dependence; Ecology; Optimal foraging theory; Population density; Trout; Environmental science; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Population","score_opus":0.008759856220830328,"score_gpt":0.20769424941925954,"score_spread":0.1989343931984292,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3167541303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83229715,0.000120762386,0.052245334,0.0009857699,0.00053981773,0.0002293662,0.000011714658,0.000076882054,0.1134932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930662,0.00012232593,0.0023362252,0.00052178616,0.000008382081,0.000033009528,0.000011238852,0.0000072134076,0.0038936187],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990148,0.00007858382,0.00024035345,0.00032381268,0.00014035098,0.0002021315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957484,0.000059990944,0.00009022426,0.00022168351,0.000017106644,0.000036139307],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012716612,0.00011571718,0.00020017485,0.000012009591,0.00009321674,0.000009734527,0.00019759311,0.00007289492,0.025158733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007037257,0.0001081993,0.00003404195,0.0001808776,0.0000935789,0.00016240467,0.0004152194,0.000089067384,0.000259946],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043820345,0.0018592029,0.45890516,0.00019630183,0.00018781559,0.0010346768,0.0019371469,0.002481716,0.009619033,0.08428529,0.43546727,0.003588163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009380567,0.00028012352,0.8922447,0.00012331418,0.000035693705,0.00004533653,0.0022846034,0.00052142504,0.043733362,0.04859219,0.010719104,0.00048208484],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030526708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.16508427,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43333954,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000086846136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018124674,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9757324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171163252","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3555","title":"Analyzing long‐term water quality of lakes in Rhode Island and the northeastern United States with an anomaly approach","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Watershed Watch Salmon Society","keywords":"Water quality; Environmental science; Phosphorus; Watershed; Hydrology (agriculture); Ecosystem; Geospatial analysis; Eutrophication; Chlorophyll a; Water resources; Nutrient; Ecology; Geography; Remote sensing; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.01018794927019408,"score_gpt":0.22106800910294785,"score_spread":0.21088005983275376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171163252","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932816,0.000071719835,0.0015484171,0.000053984288,0.000011619315,0.0001296929,0.000021219881,0.00000626562,0.0048754597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99887246,0.000018627503,0.00047261585,0.000034912853,0.000008615449,0.000006855687,0.000105739426,0.000008917814,0.0004712273],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990544,0.0002075811,0.00024118289,0.00021031161,0.0001244882,0.00016204036],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995619,0.000059498707,0.00007660792,0.00024833737,0.000009962092,0.000043706183],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043547925,0.00010228779,0.00021728968,0.000008258549,0.0000545899,0.00003493965,0.00010544995,0.000034770103,0.00049405475],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005821757,0.000054470507,0.000021391219,0.00014512302,0.000129013,0.00011546859,0.00007195325,0.000084123756,0.00001063753],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000889825,0.00006777837,0.984865,0.000059122394,0.00002017937,0.000007977896,0.0025345748,0.011752609,0.000058838505,0.00010098259,0.000008310805,0.00043565096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014953847,0.000061903214,0.86183524,0.00003929676,0.000018492696,0.000020110328,0.0015371636,0.13429093,0.00013646221,0.00030591124,0.000075175405,0.00018389708],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003184296,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.18342343,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18023913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019275656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067152446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.831477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171172362","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3560","title":"Estimating the proportion of a beluga population using specific areas from connectivity patterns and abundance indices","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Habitat; Geography; Population; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Wildlife; Estuary; Aerial survey; Critical habitat; Environmental science; Fishery; Physical geography; Cartography; Biology; Endangered species","score_opus":0.02129325822646556,"score_gpt":0.24175183437783707,"score_spread":0.22045857615137152,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171172362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969629,0.00040259238,0.0008071801,0.00007609553,0.0000560262,0.000110001274,0.000009167572,0.000009649512,0.0015663824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996089,0.000037899397,0.0037627642,0.000032775777,0.000040959585,0.0000034346408,0.0000070821807,0.0000059096255,0.00002022197],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993491,0.000043821106,0.00014989632,0.00019926336,0.00016561491,0.000092285685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996387,0.000043890108,0.0001590845,0.00013041381,0.00000855601,0.000019384383],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011326113,0.000071249924,0.00011490623,0.0000017768548,0.00014467239,0.000023346282,0.000058543923,0.00002226619,0.0026397156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041240055,0.0000557537,0.000022068256,0.00009375176,0.00004307774,0.00014208064,0.00021433581,0.000059854676,0.000014850419],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000031814307,0.00002225974,0.9570141,0.000018582006,0.000008509556,0.000003400889,0.00020083551,0.0006574276,0.0004368475,0.000016747446,0.000079027304,0.041539077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007789988,0.000011775641,0.9915824,0.00004783741,0.000011120477,0.0000036974195,0.00012644031,0.0067420863,0.0005155114,0.0005888511,0.00022758388,0.000064790474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016546626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021871097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041474286,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006107176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000036647398,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998272},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171686936","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3565","title":"Quantifying behavior and life‐history events of an Arctic ungulate from year‐long continuous accelerometer data","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Ungulate; Accelerometer; Arctic; Ecology; Environmental science; Climate change; Life history; Geography; Physical geography; Biology; Habitat; Computer science","score_opus":0.0570843079750862,"score_gpt":0.26181575736947105,"score_spread":0.20473144939438484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171686936","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986013,0.00027133437,0.000021043554,0.00006371679,0.00022245981,0.000080678336,0.00002425975,0.00001455355,0.00070063566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99676657,0.000018770215,0.0020876895,0.00024585673,0.000025637693,0.0000056102103,0.00012672435,0.000010288632,0.00071287487],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992118,0.00007262256,0.00016575106,0.00032277947,0.00010516149,0.00012192507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993395,0.000044996614,0.00008698153,0.0004489154,0.000008724348,0.0000708687],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012635918,0.00007753612,0.0001349498,0.0000052002138,0.000047029753,0.000008750188,0.00021073701,0.00007488005,0.014323391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000066405846,0.00008373678,0.000017823666,0.000053854383,0.00006817388,0.00039237877,0.00028125677,0.00009183914,0.0002104717],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010244613,0.000094467236,0.9932753,0.000005411334,0.000015817917,0.00002308322,0.000113007045,0.000006724192,0.0010978514,0.000003999016,0.0025443067,0.0028097923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028845188,0.000024472982,0.99815226,0.000012992761,0.000048577404,0.000003843358,0.00010254199,0.00021824398,0.00014222298,0.000050286646,0.0008627655,0.000093368704],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00078854477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035359785,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01411292,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054175584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002635195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98657763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3178180339","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3654","title":"Environmental variability affects optimal trade‐offs in ecological immunology","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Investment (military); Reproduction; Context (archaeology); Ecology; Abiotic component; Life history theory; Variable (mathematics); Immune system; Trade-off; Life history; Immunology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0032142958872056707,"score_gpt":0.20117716337544317,"score_spread":0.1979628674882375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3178180339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98864806,0.0009151052,0.0011207507,0.00026339456,0.00013629747,0.00009544475,0.000016075712,0.0000096029235,0.008795266],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953744,0.00029178127,0.0028328716,0.00025813785,0.00006408642,0.000014720996,0.00015909206,0.000010758496,0.0009941582],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904,0.00016517978,0.00014064916,0.00036009742,0.00005606254,0.0002380035],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963087,0.000018870578,0.000030210083,0.00026218343,0.000004431409,0.0000534401],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013681749,0.00011517145,0.00012989838,0.0000059767735,0.000036841448,0.000008834585,0.00010900038,0.00025745897,0.0013592353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051632138,0.00012097838,0.00007404743,0.000050428327,0.0000805854,0.0000018955085,0.00013062169,0.00013790357,0.00006742876],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016652048,0.0019631842,0.046791203,0.000028270184,0.0001437693,0.00016975218,0.00010625524,0.00816423,0.9046608,0.0011521686,0.016790878,0.019862944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013781157,0.00041148727,0.8830253,0.0000050076374,0.000013014211,0.000105836916,0.00020230324,0.0033545678,0.028612798,0.00027809324,0.082244225,0.00036924382],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000021464364,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009777854,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.876048,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000042782944,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006729641,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3178707283","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3629","title":"Soil‐associated drivers of plant traits and functional composition in Atlantic Forest coastal tree communities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","keywords":"Species richness; Edaphic; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Ecology; Basal area; Plant community; Biology; Soil water","score_opus":0.008740933109241596,"score_gpt":0.18517408340578143,"score_spread":0.17643315029653983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3178707283","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9907187,0.000029066705,0.0000543221,0.00011964493,0.00003252704,0.000040405044,0.000031118117,0.000007560722,0.008966624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939936,0.000049170416,0.0000891369,0.000049922757,0.0000031086777,0.0000039408105,0.00013626768,0.0000028721618,0.00026619274],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999618,0.0000523906,0.00010685858,0.000069832226,0.00006571753,0.00008720724],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997995,0.00010205929,0.000044634904,0.000029816609,0.000007923645,0.000016073407],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000060150534,0.000052420986,0.000100038356,0.0000070782853,0.00009754108,0.0000048214806,0.00002860733,0.00004128166,0.0007108979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008405131,0.00005478805,0.000017754917,0.000066825596,0.00014080729,0.000068636335,0.00006654104,0.000074941236,0.000020676187],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014044123,0.000100572186,0.9905424,0.000008051997,0.000022761755,0.00000966496,0.0010026956,0.0058430363,0.00045077593,0.00043042074,0.0014631432,0.00011244734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047086383,0.000028330978,0.9882013,0.000018250468,0.000008432351,0.000006991598,0.0016069888,0.008973917,0.00003491192,0.00056585873,0.000029417888,0.000054725693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035456615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.34451485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34416026,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003470943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007904356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7783834},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3180774645","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3646","title":"Quantifying lost and inaccessible habitat for Pacific salmon in Canada’s Lower Fraser River","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Liber Ero Foundation; Mitacs; Raincoast Conservation Foundation; Watershed Watch Salmon Society","keywords":"Floodplain; Habitat; Fish migration; STREAMS; Context (archaeology); Stream restoration; Ecology; Environmental science; Current (fluid); Geography; Fishery; Geology; Biology; Oceanography; Archaeology","score_opus":0.01357263377937512,"score_gpt":0.22037773871837807,"score_spread":0.20680510493900295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3180774645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9000688,0.00016061576,0.000029580957,0.0013857845,0.00021252118,0.00013763733,0.0000064266214,0.00000620829,0.09799243],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952053,0.00012271394,0.00059577584,0.000798403,0.000010074366,0.00001991623,0.0000036049512,0.000007231478,0.0032369923],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993632,0.000016642967,0.00010319205,0.0002392382,0.00006806189,0.00020967984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977463,0.00005981955,0.000028295724,0.000101034275,0.0000046469395,0.000031567535],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000069853326,0.00008052473,0.000111594985,0.0000051419242,0.00011407772,0.000013612702,0.000065352324,0.000030878764,0.0042046895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030409632,0.00007981024,0.000014767948,0.000090898815,0.000053401425,0.00014568,0.00017625718,0.000060009403,0.00013897316],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014225435,0.00002166292,0.62974936,0.000017388407,0.000008221262,0.00004282356,0.00005954642,0.00006895494,0.000011637888,0.000039863167,0.36908773,0.0008785712],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003389907,0.000020200421,0.93624365,0.000013090164,0.0000074315694,5.585775e-7,0.0013185838,0.00024652394,0.00009152552,0.0003432693,0.06126326,0.00011292085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09738342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99531317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8979297,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001846856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003950124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3183366538","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3667","title":"Ecology of outbreak populations of the western spruce budworm","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Sport Centre Pacific; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Spruce budworm; Biology; Outbreak; Pupa; Larva; Ecology; Biological dispersal; Population density; Tortricidae; Lepidoptera genitalia; Population; Demography","score_opus":0.009569797751858553,"score_gpt":0.2215271546209191,"score_spread":0.21195735686906053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3183366538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95788586,0.00004701033,0.000025910098,0.00036428514,0.00043709573,0.00013249456,0.000012690154,0.000010357337,0.04108431],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945633,0.0000016879794,0.00042689889,0.00008380646,0.000019404819,0.0000060996526,0.0000022637348,0.000009584726,0.004886973],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992459,0.000087761415,0.00022878697,0.00015209355,0.00015396354,0.00013152056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99935526,0.000058441394,0.00014627851,0.00039802302,0.000011556651,0.000030438225],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011236573,0.00007134938,0.00015680872,0.0000034972463,0.000043444226,0.0000044755875,0.00021635956,0.000057957317,0.004149613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006762475,0.00005501159,0.00007430438,0.00019600074,0.00007341675,0.000067744804,0.00021547393,0.000067927795,0.0004957896],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003243855,0.000103762955,0.9757095,0.000033216824,0.000013391702,0.000004066545,0.0001916626,0.0011075253,0.006671992,0.0001677216,0.012969076,0.0030248356],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001501205,0.00002586282,0.9833402,0.000021794674,0.000011745184,0.000010010773,0.00003853064,0.0005195313,0.010830077,0.00019244087,0.0047968095,0.000062868006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007808543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020330349,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03667743,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006183765,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017425979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975461},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184744399","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3673","title":"Human augmentation of historical red pine fire regimes in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Wilderness area; Fire regime; Wilderness; Geography; Fire ecology; Boreal; Fire protection; Ecology; Taiga; Dendrochronology; Subsistence agriculture; Ecosystem; Historical ecology; Forestry; Physical geography; Archaeology; Biology","score_opus":0.009395805455106689,"score_gpt":0.2132438701904168,"score_spread":0.2038480647353101,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3184744399","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97899276,0.00021296492,0.000015804513,0.0012786358,0.00026176326,0.00019883836,0.0000032047749,0.000018903596,0.0190171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99369955,0.000008224767,0.00012434993,0.00012399988,0.000031684176,0.000029374902,0.000021381833,0.0000131302,0.0059483047],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988463,0.00017298623,0.00025350714,0.00025175797,0.00029023676,0.00018524425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999481,0.000045385408,0.00010143776,0.00032891156,0.0000071965787,0.000036073758],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025921888,0.00011055377,0.00017259846,0.000006694895,0.0001000944,0.000025523133,0.0002249491,0.000057354373,0.0021221805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030284118,0.0000864921,0.000050672505,0.0002349896,0.000054456013,0.0001523544,0.00006941875,0.00011144635,0.00010175261],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042141633,0.00055789965,0.11298626,0.00017708889,0.000038053928,0.0003270886,0.005468272,0.0011155835,0.024457397,0.000058995556,0.8330751,0.021696137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00210376,0.00032241293,0.83244497,0.00024107809,0.00004500309,0.00008438324,0.0018868294,0.0031793544,0.010696217,0.00061744876,0.1477839,0.0005946575],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005355699,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004374961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7194587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007441575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021703241,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99879},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3184789542","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3659","title":"Translocation, survival, and recovery of Kansas‐banded Canada geese","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Flock; Juvenile; Wildlife; Nuisance; Biology; Population; Temperate climate; Waterfowl; Branta; Wildlife management; Ecology; Demography; Animal science; Zoology; Geography; Habitat; Goose","score_opus":0.0064801991021840805,"score_gpt":0.19214243962867583,"score_spread":0.18566224052649175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3184789542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98411,0.00018309981,0.00005721065,0.00037696288,0.00014566003,0.000043870616,0.000010884697,0.0000054206785,0.015066868],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99440664,0.000063745334,0.00033324255,0.00010497233,0.000008434451,0.0000034895852,0.0000066142707,0.0000046836767,0.005068173],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995242,0.000031087297,0.000111746485,0.0001433073,0.00008444878,0.00010520548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997661,0.000030075133,0.00003074817,0.00011874148,0.0000075397516,0.000046791618],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005959001,0.000054447268,0.00009532028,0.0000016541543,0.000051072573,0.000003736957,0.00005681038,0.00004436708,0.017003953],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015551665,0.000054334196,0.00001596294,0.00008047597,0.000059698752,0.00006681459,0.00002421808,0.000052479565,0.00005008423],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001132583,0.00008955596,0.9265283,0.00001278415,0.000015357633,0.000047404712,0.00011656553,0.00018402605,0.003089581,0.000022401207,0.046241466,0.023641238],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021222222,0.000019783829,0.9863322,0.0000051113907,0.000011622004,0.000008213399,0.00028330187,0.0000111440595,0.007297901,0.00012532131,0.0056121135,0.00008110931],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.046706755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.91852874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.871822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005214575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009185211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98389465},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3186471287","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3644","title":"Spatial turnover of multiple ecosystem functions is more associated with plant than soil microbial β‐diversity","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota; Carlsbergfondet; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecosystem; Ecology; Environmental science; Beta diversity; Diversity (politics); Biodiversity; Biology","score_opus":0.0073700853047109,"score_gpt":0.1640855269790131,"score_spread":0.1567154416743022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3186471287","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9931214,0.000030187597,0.00003373135,0.00010677796,0.00022195968,0.000103681625,0.0008394498,0.000034031902,0.0055087847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99883604,0.000004724738,0.00003669363,0.00008681473,0.000048623486,0.000003153867,0.00014070216,0.000011686118,0.00083156145],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990301,0.000043015087,0.00017605735,0.0002836787,0.00024101074,0.00022614098],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999485,0.00004013133,0.00014203684,0.00022931719,0.000023659404,0.00007985566],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000083571525,0.00013529231,0.00021626626,0.000006544506,0.00023450902,0.000023040893,0.00016351836,0.00009490278,0.009827735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010230296,0.00010629486,0.000080316786,0.00016657701,0.000013817159,0.00016279735,0.00030392694,0.00008749134,0.0006516691],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007134164,0.00022457694,0.95759606,0.00005347974,0.00015761348,0.00005619016,0.0010919658,0.0019197963,0.0012084607,0.0000010258193,0.037437785,0.00018171922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025553547,0.00015775605,0.95314735,0.00025577404,0.00016303256,0.000043667682,0.0013685613,0.010475142,0.019886699,0.000016285083,0.011415154,0.0005152221],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004642353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.33555534,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33091298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011582711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025204896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9910774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189640687","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3691","title":"Vertebrate scavenging dynamics differ between carnivore and herbivore carcasses in the northern boreal forest","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto; McGill University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Carnivore; Carrion; Herbivore; Ecology; Biology; Taiga; Food web; Scavenging; Ecosystem; Predation","score_opus":0.006823360075795884,"score_gpt":0.19732754466855876,"score_spread":0.19050418459276286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189640687","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9839312,0.00009409537,0.00004687583,0.0018198763,0.00004730545,0.00009075245,0.000006437311,0.000014529447,0.013948927],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99892455,0.00001530916,0.00009009556,0.0004353295,0.000040761563,0.000013412804,0.000047528698,0.000009749569,0.00042326818],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992771,0.00008802481,0.000121766265,0.00021017538,0.00010561485,0.00019731699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996504,0.00010216204,0.00003432179,0.00017215716,0.0000061755572,0.000034774635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013651277,0.000097724966,0.000109300796,0.0000051409443,0.00013891264,0.000033483593,0.00013092626,0.00008016742,0.00026382442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030285088,0.00007746722,0.000026091477,0.00016781337,0.000079340774,0.0001281306,0.000088888395,0.00017014904,0.00009332177],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000022201034,0.000017272865,0.9934194,0.0000061795654,0.0000068731256,0.000042420917,0.00042193403,0.00020937652,0.0000028089905,0.000116131436,0.001007506,0.004747877],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017837752,0.000016963791,0.9925844,0.000011072273,0.000012404496,0.0000117617965,0.0007896305,0.0046410374,0.0000070664732,0.0011685214,0.0004842026,0.00009458138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092146173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.28646904,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28554755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000095638956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018892766,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72655106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189679040","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3698","title":"Narwhal (<i>Monodon monoceros</i>) detection by infrared flukeprints from aerial survey imagery","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Remote sensing; Visibility; Aerial photography; Wildlife; Environmental science; Aerial survey; Infrared; Geology; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Meteorology; Optics; Physics","score_opus":0.01255027919576456,"score_gpt":0.20985253156023204,"score_spread":0.19730225236446747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189679040","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92150944,0.0004467641,0.00024921747,0.000047807247,0.00043204025,0.00011587496,0.00009499795,0.00006850811,0.07703534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99335694,0.00029638884,0.0010082165,0.00043995574,0.00014243709,0.000023714134,0.00010245314,0.00003404983,0.0045958133],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984261,0.00018323207,0.0002644116,0.00054703077,0.0002623956,0.00031682447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993103,0.000099975005,0.00009337163,0.00036400658,0.000019261359,0.00011306601],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021200131,0.0001996821,0.00024432084,0.0000033214494,0.00017332914,0.00007724471,0.00021712018,0.0001017384,0.05852339],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019198234,0.00021285347,0.00008396762,0.0002050405,0.000062847845,0.00024399655,0.0007556434,0.00017843198,0.0057406947],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017739946,0.00025445578,0.23921186,0.000015261918,0.00009763395,0.000059664344,0.0001638674,0.000059827675,0.04847209,0.00000218722,0.547343,0.16414276],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045438315,0.000031383188,0.8892662,0.0000069575312,0.000013147408,0.000003173338,0.000041876898,0.00022078701,0.029574508,0.00028205116,0.07982637,0.0002791989],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.025160855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.032600682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65005434,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022544412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012938109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99503344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3189930456","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3709","title":"Weighing the predictors: host traits and coinfecting species both explain variation in parasitism of Rock Ptarmigan","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Parasite Biology and Host Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Parasitism; Host (biology); Parasite hosting; Genetic variation; Zoology; Ecology; Evolutionary biology; Genetics","score_opus":0.009375413321732634,"score_gpt":0.2528777640050132,"score_spread":0.24350235068328058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3189930456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9740654,0.00010983137,0.0003405282,0.00021839644,0.000106526815,0.00006760516,0.000009142281,0.00001054322,0.025072003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998567,0.00004997344,0.00025073488,0.000071566654,0.000039169452,0.000006342631,0.0000033954946,0.0000041381763,0.001007716],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994499,0.00008039237,0.00014235332,0.00014980846,0.00006253708,0.000114986244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996984,0.00014224314,0.000064671905,0.00006695227,0.0000039507413,0.000023801575],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013588776,0.00006461626,0.00008803276,0.0000058696774,0.00011770764,0.000015610884,0.00005875612,0.000050939998,0.0035042763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007040565,0.000052506446,0.000022665126,0.00010539589,0.000038111713,0.00016692207,0.000050139286,0.00012465563,0.00006656689],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001746703,0.00013841566,0.87215877,0.000010925978,0.00003645921,0.000027695885,0.0064991615,0.0017819855,0.114248306,0.00081277965,0.0021672659,0.0021007876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013140119,0.000022450306,0.99271756,0.000022637238,0.000006792755,0.000020681602,0.000669415,0.0008067934,0.0025397886,0.000120988916,0.002884517,0.00005694255],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026207115,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0027253816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12055884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004222148,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009253741,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99740666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3192298802","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3684","title":"Impacts of run‐of‐river hydropower on coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>): the role of density‐dependent survival","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Wilburforce Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Hydropower; Density dependence; Environmental science; Population; Population density; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Fishery; Ecology; Biology; Demography; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.004683008970318073,"score_gpt":0.20333159603441409,"score_spread":0.19864858706409602,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3192298802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81736124,0.00010746337,0.000010153793,0.00021693099,0.00014428253,0.00012023001,0.000007930297,0.0000079191,0.18202384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980519,0.00013460747,0.000107771295,0.00018540779,0.000014637175,0.0000039011275,0.0000030173799,0.0000084939575,0.0014902704],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99899083,0.000084136256,0.00023793051,0.00021380524,0.00027623182,0.00019703274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993037,0.0001241923,0.00018009052,0.00033745304,0.000019670355,0.00003491328],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002302499,0.00012020169,0.0002561458,0.0000074843647,0.000082186954,0.000003636618,0.0002124402,0.00006193212,0.005379033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006246147,0.00009055998,0.00008567175,0.00014658718,0.0002905988,0.00006752786,0.00038376107,0.000105043524,0.00026541998],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001513954,0.00059871044,0.93418443,0.00004795503,0.0002587498,0.000044622753,0.0011126437,0.0014013549,0.009390094,0.0011034705,0.04976441,0.0019421346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036798848,0.00019877354,0.928414,0.000021487425,0.000055606364,0.0000023214934,0.0010324138,0.0000798824,0.0648143,0.0014213682,0.0034762104,0.000115685754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059891393,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008982777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18069065,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000049540315,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013185109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3193067369","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3699","title":"Links between fluctuations in sockeye salmon abundance and riparian forest productivity identified by remote sensing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pacific Salmon Foundation","keywords":"Riparian zone; Oncorhynchus; Abundance (ecology); Spawn (biology); Ecology; STREAMS; Environmental science; Fishery; Productivity; Geography; Biology; Habitat; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.008882068170810331,"score_gpt":0.2221192228728822,"score_spread":0.21323715470207186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3193067369","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96772295,0.00008040283,0.0016320023,0.003479091,0.00012230787,0.00017404654,0.00000484753,0.000028913268,0.02675544],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902623,0.000052620333,0.0023729396,0.00021041601,0.000041160496,0.0000016497005,0.000017603907,0.00000856965,0.0070327064],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913067,0.00005851134,0.00014428138,0.00036877822,0.000090189016,0.00020760222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967587,0.000054481552,0.00005122762,0.00017841501,0.000006340262,0.000033678883],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020114209,0.00009589759,0.00014273393,0.000007252667,0.00023658726,0.000030432604,0.000063406136,0.000089075504,0.00045988668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011585266,0.00010582613,0.000017963537,0.0001779004,0.00012178552,0.00019700362,0.00024473775,0.00019405878,0.00019219767],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009279787,0.00006416327,0.7178595,0.000036749905,0.000052303116,0.00004286295,0.00070010655,0.00033540628,0.0010412617,0.000041374933,0.2454796,0.034337383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020855737,0.000013149515,0.98529804,0.0000129056125,0.00001661835,0.0000015594154,0.00014504518,0.0007962441,0.000442,0.0034319903,0.009510082,0.00012380606],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003960066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.061073955,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26743853,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007158855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065176914,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.956059},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3194560782","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3723","title":"Influences of land use and ecological variables on trematode prevalence and intensity at the salt marsh‐upland ecotone","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Parasite Biology and Host Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation; University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecotone; Marsh; Salt marsh; Ecology; Abiotic component; Intertidal zone; Habitat; Biotic component; Rocky shore; Shore; Biology; Wetland; Fishery","score_opus":0.016714756683709506,"score_gpt":0.27384126678830284,"score_spread":0.2571265101045933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3194560782","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9946568,0.000234082,0.0000020335428,0.00026469157,0.000055759145,0.00007025887,0.00003578635,0.0000073341,0.004673224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99591124,0.0004986117,0.00012945308,0.00028116492,0.000008556123,0.000004862747,0.0000039732386,0.0000022208555,0.0031599232],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994753,0.000066906476,0.00010214328,0.0001972926,0.00005557092,0.000102764614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994215,0.0003523936,0.00005097265,0.00012676218,0.000008573013,0.00003984185],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000102078964,0.00007227745,0.00011305831,0.0000029706152,0.0001454505,0.00001870177,0.000058907306,0.00006620818,0.004285835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000120456236,0.000044973145,0.000016691487,0.000042674274,0.0002628554,0.00010629505,0.00016117694,0.00009304653,0.00008758086],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005176947,0.000048735023,0.99462706,0.000008718736,0.000013999007,0.000010028434,0.000072070245,0.000076562676,0.0023244377,0.000044821463,0.0023734227,0.00034836202],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000114055176,0.00006106497,0.9936616,0.00001935198,0.000015957248,0.00007968591,0.000024729503,0.00008735343,0.0023866452,0.00027176997,0.0032203742,0.000057402554],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013812252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028865559,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004198254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021587919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000051778056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966244},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197306741","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3708","title":"Soil moisture, N, P, and forest cover effects on N fixation in alders in the southern boreal forest","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Taiga; Environmental science; Fertilizer; Agronomy; Nitrogenase; Canopy; Ecosystem; Nitrogen fixation; Water content; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.00745432048388215,"score_gpt":0.19367786852020885,"score_spread":0.1862235480363267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197306741","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98681366,0.00019569429,3.9847808e-7,0.0009473819,0.00004687864,0.00011573569,0.000007866234,0.000010186467,0.011862203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99875057,0.000034819874,0.000006739813,0.0008391607,0.000078627556,0.000015791346,0.00006343903,9.535235e-7,0.00020992791],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99939245,0.00008465018,0.00009189215,0.00016749848,0.00011335087,0.0001501837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965227,0.00023386122,0.000029169169,0.000044235247,0.000013653948,0.000026806396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001222901,0.000085866195,0.00009082495,0.0000031829643,0.000044835102,0.000047292295,0.0000825519,0.00007588582,0.00004877082],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056779496,0.000030981577,0.00003499436,0.00019482858,0.00001818473,0.000034786302,0.000021861406,0.00012052887,0.00003596709],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047750495,0.00010819189,0.9617888,0.0000144105115,0.0000068203854,0.00008084298,0.00047769884,0.0002960387,0.0004623872,0.00086065487,0.0026164232,0.033240028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002523558,0.000083124374,0.99388605,0.000021309379,0.0000032349355,0.0000043372697,0.0008225624,0.0020044514,0.00010879414,0.0021893214,0.0005426075,0.00008182145],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026346229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.43466017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43202555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019977679,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006882383,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5756558},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198415367","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4005","title":"Applying and testing a novel method to estimate animal density from motion‐triggered cameras","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Alberta","funders":"Alberta Environment and Parks","keywords":"Computer science; Camera trap; Density estimation; Wildlife; Scale (ratio); Statistics; Artificial intelligence; Ecology; Cartography; Geography; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.020584163820302554,"score_gpt":0.2617950673534005,"score_spread":0.24121090353309796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3198415367","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97382283,0.00001341556,0.022774955,0.00053201744,0.00006775482,0.0002692157,0.000015048921,0.000054158565,0.0024505882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8024314,1.5038373e-7,0.1960269,0.0011072868,0.000023874778,0.00014312203,0.000007831265,0.000008976686,0.0002504511],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919385,0.000070271206,0.00012675689,0.00030983888,0.00012734541,0.00017194],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999561,0.00018244731,0.000060245336,0.000118209755,0.0000055260484,0.00007254448],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030390456,0.00008847639,0.00010909814,0.000007470914,0.00052137166,0.000020800679,0.00010929333,0.000031527525,0.0036735933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010403631,0.00010040577,0.000016614616,0.00021192916,0.000024071713,0.00010931853,0.00037913147,0.00014310803,0.00022103763],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000039900027,0.00006986829,0.9183756,0.0000025930801,0.000013181497,0.000012424501,0.00032695738,0.014039228,0.0253736,0.00006187142,0.00669916,0.034985602],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023069953,0.000059880196,0.9606803,0.0000026442829,0.000013570069,0.000022422277,0.00013173527,0.035431437,0.0002878867,0.0005492058,0.0024608604,0.00012933226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001848986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00055435265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17325196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011880142,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001074643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9972372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3198987730","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3743","title":"Environmental associations of cownose ray (<i>Rhinoptera bonasus</i>) seasonal presence along the U.S. Atlantic Coast","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ichthyology and Marine Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Bay; Habitat; Chesapeake bay; Cape; Geography; Ecology; Seasonality; Environmental science; Fishery; Oceanography; Biology; Estuary; Geology","score_opus":0.006738301782304003,"score_gpt":0.20528435400456094,"score_spread":0.19854605222225694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3198987730","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9829606,0.00018996329,0.00003884608,0.0006341774,0.00020564576,0.00010350426,0.000044922974,0.000014175196,0.015808191],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99618524,0.000064314445,0.00034048874,0.00044809096,0.00004622786,0.000011046633,0.00006787919,0.000007544716,0.0028291838],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990181,0.00015013495,0.00018797086,0.0002345357,0.00016900733,0.00024025713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999417,0.00018588571,0.00009048417,0.00025095898,0.0000050611598,0.000050595845],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017546996,0.00010859181,0.00014556457,0.0000029384557,0.00017856409,0.000011058311,0.00022759647,0.000091842616,0.020675218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007263832,0.00008364555,0.00007476638,0.000083425904,0.0002765799,0.00009890113,0.00038303435,0.00016515794,0.0012010452],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010518553,0.000131912,0.9482204,0.0000027887756,0.000034572393,0.000025876152,0.00022017477,0.00036729456,0.005267294,0.00020472986,0.043878857,0.0016355915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023585968,0.000033691274,0.9770672,0.000003694603,0.000022613307,0.000028914195,0.0001407963,0.00017278864,0.0014244076,0.00020100793,0.020570064,0.00009898429],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010889019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010664671,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028846787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006597414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025184772,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995766},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3200317764","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3747","title":"Breeding dispersal in a resident boreal passerine can lead to short‐ and long‐term fitness benefits","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Passerine; Ecology; Population; Nest (protein structural motif); Reproductive success; Biology; Brood; Seasonal breeder; Fledge; Demography; Predation","score_opus":0.014053325532564758,"score_gpt":0.2434825893258107,"score_spread":0.22942926379324596,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3200317764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99628353,0.00009803108,0.000011461348,0.00093097804,0.00010013124,0.00011231872,0.000010898995,0.000016708047,0.0024359536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99785584,0.000025192594,0.00017359578,0.00026146934,0.0000337299,0.000020838557,0.0000106119205,0.000011449645,0.0016072922],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999132,0.000020791698,0.00013828595,0.00032690127,0.00010530225,0.00027673418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99968916,0.00001805849,0.000016323913,0.00014881599,0.0000045900338,0.00012306959],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007298263,0.00010886512,0.00013502307,0.000008266228,0.00007513465,0.000025499361,0.000108390384,0.00007481744,0.004005078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017782522,0.00010952184,0.000022006378,0.00015545977,0.00005629513,0.00010820813,0.00025635393,0.000121237084,0.0001407065],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011937165,0.000049037357,0.9792427,0.0000047278095,0.0000026522614,0.00026918377,0.00026413167,0.000096464464,0.00075650006,0.000010876337,0.0014221118,0.017869718],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018023931,0.000062301144,0.9979466,0.000024500274,0.000008664498,0.000036496956,0.00016998456,0.00002742002,0.0012672881,0.000011108944,0.00012364544,0.00014172195],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035412208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2714065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2710524,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013143699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001306323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9969054},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3201071596","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3760","title":"The shrub <i>Ephedra californica</i> facilitates arthropod communities along a regional desert climatic gradient","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"U.S. Bureau of Land Management; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ecology; Arthropod; Vegetation (pathology); Arid; Species richness; Abundance (ecology); Shrub; Biomass (ecology); Ecosystem; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.014538551234927012,"score_gpt":0.22742898771782605,"score_spread":0.21289043648289904,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3201071596","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95810455,0.001624712,0.00019985587,0.0048046135,0.0001828851,0.0001302977,0.00001553546,0.000045785077,0.034891747],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925707,0.00094605534,0.0011895308,0.0008604596,0.000014955311,0.000054934448,0.000029904499,0.000009783282,0.0043236553],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989506,0.00020154422,0.00023521963,0.0001585674,0.00016126945,0.00029280526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989855,0.00055575906,0.0000672835,0.00031557196,0.000022068582,0.00005379079],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030728432,0.00012528,0.00013870333,0.0000034038494,0.0011647852,0.000043089523,0.00022348815,0.000048821898,0.0024131588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006530573,0.0000923413,0.00007995428,0.000120433215,0.0005981337,0.000111093104,0.00026604635,0.0001771759,0.0019153965],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043417193,0.0005241667,0.75028104,0.00007293302,0.00035624503,0.00008554807,0.01438263,0.010102043,0.00017831218,0.014499075,0.19927153,0.01020308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008941449,0.00016528313,0.723238,0.00006633961,0.00006532911,0.00011118243,0.0382721,0.017672347,0.000109376175,0.036397863,0.18239525,0.0006127824],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023504552,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05984693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059611887,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009096263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020229798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99886173},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3203760485","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3765","title":"Identifying nesting grounds for juvenile migratory birds with dual isotope: an initial test using North American raptors","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Feather; Juvenile; Population; Isotope; Stable isotope ratio; Strontium; Isotopes of strontium; Isotope analysis; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Habitat; Biology; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.02209399609048192,"score_gpt":0.2755016097422224,"score_spread":0.25340761365174047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3203760485","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944663,0.000027200498,0.0025243983,0.00004790221,0.00015884309,0.00018609401,0.0000139994345,0.00006977179,0.0025054847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96640396,0.000003903733,0.032426592,0.00036902237,0.00019973361,0.000039875296,0.00003433588,0.000053758737,0.00046881486],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99826664,0.0000951398,0.0003215467,0.00057392387,0.00024979282,0.00049296673],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990415,0.00016722428,0.00022881762,0.00038241368,0.00004019211,0.00013983385],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021773517,0.00021293566,0.00032331806,0.000023418208,0.00042313605,0.000110093526,0.00022793151,0.0000523039,0.0019737205],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014402284,0.00021062935,0.00008916107,0.00076957967,0.0002782379,0.0005146522,0.0001833348,0.00016853248,0.00014561212],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021509162,0.00021346161,0.9779856,0.000015544128,0.000049806884,0.00016644326,0.0005461878,0.005868995,0.003954939,0.000011090315,0.0019269295,0.009239449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015315511,0.0010024746,0.9374258,0.000041062845,0.000342584,0.00028116576,0.005575383,0.031851724,0.008467533,0.00013429369,0.012076857,0.0012695674],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011498427,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.079152845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.078003,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026096826,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000094646886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989386},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3205967150","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3778","title":"Disentangling the direct, indirect, and combined effects of experimental warming on a plant–insect herbivore interaction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Danaus; Biology; Herbivore; Global warming; Abiotic component; Ecology; Climate change; Larva","score_opus":0.015948438668362302,"score_gpt":0.230920595168124,"score_spread":0.2149721564997617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3205967150","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9251199,0.00046376794,8.381204e-7,0.000103436825,0.0002495571,0.00011197471,0.000019634921,0.000024139465,0.07390678],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993784,0.00006152746,0.0000097070915,0.00014869492,0.000019243955,0.000017619097,0.000026226591,0.0000085124275,0.00033005673],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993822,0.000052076753,0.00010732244,0.00018387414,0.00014199682,0.000132538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996315,0.0001299406,0.000058382808,0.00013184334,0.0000038715352,0.00004443667],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051133025,0.00009617614,0.00011527228,0.000004500973,0.00012324199,0.000026931895,0.00006711367,0.000030854928,0.00828179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003505985,0.0000727573,0.00004380337,0.00011223537,0.000062647734,0.00007103397,0.00009936416,0.00008208013,0.00039565997],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009387374,0.003178912,0.1489981,0.00040927634,0.00030427164,0.00057766156,0.018596193,0.00015631213,0.48100963,0.0014044594,0.32189244,0.022534007],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009230313,0.0002193473,0.07663544,0.00013753172,0.000023579882,0.00003119047,0.0089158835,0.000495278,0.9033436,0.000028993763,0.009041438,0.00020465859],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049187358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003066106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.422334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017254426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034372538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99262476},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3207563448","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3774","title":"Density estimates for Canada lynx vary among estimation methods","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of British Columbia; Parks Canada; Trent University; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Directorate for Biological Sciences; University of Alberta","keywords":"Distance sampling; Sampling (signal processing); Mark and recapture; Transect; Statistics; Wildlife; Estimation; Geography; Population density; Abundance estimation; Global Positioning System; Population; Environmental science; Ecology; Physical geography; Computer science; Mathematics; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.009221750426795192,"score_gpt":0.2521308729545412,"score_spread":0.242909122527746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3207563448","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9406318,0.000043606455,0.04992619,0.00090809574,0.00028854262,0.00012779364,0.0000044683543,0.000028781607,0.008040718],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7029617,0.0000020459997,0.29280743,0.0012310818,0.00002969408,0.000043072494,0.000051932206,0.000010352156,0.00286274],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941677,0.0000481307,0.00011728482,0.00019425082,0.00007246118,0.00015110565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995344,0.00021134791,0.00005096489,0.00013975786,0.000014182271,0.000049339713],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017861169,0.00007338478,0.00009478668,0.0000020446753,0.00017476223,0.000014104031,0.000072255236,0.00005912674,0.0042095976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026737127,0.00007772111,0.000026211119,0.00009030085,0.000038103917,0.00014962685,0.000055794804,0.00005585035,0.00008615613],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009758474,0.00003345176,0.71940815,0.000014807933,0.000023163759,0.000017292721,0.000054843036,0.00946158,0.00031951096,0.00018332868,0.23722968,0.033244435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011909742,0.00000983938,0.91237056,0.000004227061,0.000018947268,0.000005774188,0.00003527967,0.07594239,0.0040432983,0.0038087212,0.0035453013,0.00009655937],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06898453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.67114806,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.60216355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016136571,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000102204714,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3209902348","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3790","title":"Integrated modeling of waterfowl distribution in western Canada using aerial survey and citizen science (eBird) data","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Waterfowl; Citizen science; Geography; Habitat; Ecology; Environmental niche modelling; Species distribution; Distribution (mathematics); Aerial survey; Remote sensing; Ecological niche; Biology","score_opus":0.06956817426001116,"score_gpt":0.26646462701821544,"score_spread":0.19689645275820428,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3209902348","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996711,0.00004579857,0.00035234846,0.00004193419,0.00014805968,0.0000526997,0.0012917267,0.0000064843503,0.0013499524],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987963,0.000026057813,0.000067920635,0.000025269974,0.000008032857,8.30272e-7,0.0010220301,0.0000047638146,0.000048815906],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897665,0.000053269465,0.00019313973,0.0003162269,0.0002348063,0.00022590732],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995487,0.000017303139,0.000044314293,0.00028449198,0.000033656655,0.00007156166],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040614273,0.000081703874,0.00012630658,0.0000048021625,0.00008605806,0.00004533679,0.00026001735,0.00003167133,0.0066813584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013644689,0.00007861383,0.000007136041,0.00042486438,0.00014037866,0.00024465556,0.0005179103,0.000068130554,0.000014683477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012027763,0.00017343495,0.9131033,0.00005606732,0.000017707505,0.00007755169,0.00031922545,0.014663298,0.051658943,0.000107887725,0.016729107,0.0029732145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006903436,0.000016470065,0.62604135,0.000047537782,0.00000865851,0.000019328349,0.001914747,0.3627398,0.0062288735,0.000030198693,0.0019656532,0.00029704327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.620144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.94901097,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3480765,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008748257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00026164335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9942267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3210837003","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3797","title":"Salmonid thermal habitat contraction in a hydrogeologically complex setting","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Fondation Pour La Conservation Du Saumon Atlantique; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation","keywords":"Habitat; Environmental science; Trout; Salmo; Salvelinus; Climate change; Drainage basin; Spatial ecology; Ecology; Hydrology (agriculture); Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Geography; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.009537725265573413,"score_gpt":0.21452178897583793,"score_spread":0.2049840637102645,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3210837003","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6806487,0.000020790743,0.000028902385,0.0022196227,0.000057399917,0.00007230604,8.286991e-7,0.000025827801,0.31692564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9941588,0.000018876663,0.0011923147,0.0018963056,0.000016636386,0.000019905136,0.000006415395,0.000004750898,0.002685985],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992953,0.0000632709,0.00012979453,0.00021961321,0.000074823845,0.00021718985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997668,0.000066129054,0.000040619085,0.00009927376,0.0000037596374,0.000023405391],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014140848,0.00007776211,0.00011030454,0.0000040611544,0.00011897744,0.000011300085,0.000078191915,0.000049558552,0.022256855],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000060627288,0.00007301828,0.000028940744,0.00010441992,0.00007383514,0.000116214316,0.00019677817,0.00010863417,0.0017443572],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016831455,0.00013699182,0.85743374,0.0000055111504,0.000018455527,0.00019114213,0.0001187086,0.0015903242,0.0017077618,0.00015018963,0.13542305,0.0032072777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027494202,0.000029900917,0.9825114,0.0000038659578,0.000005208995,0.00000528525,0.00022617122,0.0008558042,0.00012981957,0.0006110351,0.015257787,0.00008880311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005430187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.016675994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.31423968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066614644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000037393152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990329},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3211100011","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3768","title":"Effects of sea ice decline and summer land use on polar bear home range size in the Beaufort Sea","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Alberta; San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Wyoming; University of California, Santa Cruz; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Sea ice; Ursus maritimus; Arctic; Beaufort sea; Arctic sea ice decline; Arctic ice pack; Beaufort scale; Oceanography; Range (aeronautics); Environmental science; Physical geography; Geography; Climatology; Drift ice; Geology","score_opus":0.012028034298478974,"score_gpt":0.22442145870428404,"score_spread":0.21239342440580505,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3211100011","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868582,0.0012999626,9.1353576e-7,0.0005004607,0.00003440751,0.00020609713,0.000014390751,0.0000071639447,0.011078396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99655885,0.00085504993,0.00025912543,0.0016357609,0.000025094116,0.000011051087,0.0000033728345,0.000010882711,0.0006408102],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99913824,0.00009492705,0.00013496306,0.00022049012,0.00022555453,0.00018583176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921435,0.00050324044,0.000042239855,0.00019200577,0.000006023542,0.00004215756],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020400649,0.00011261919,0.0001850313,0.0000030523731,0.000057748384,0.000022348391,0.0001381206,0.000041086463,0.0015548769],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001762174,0.000080752645,0.00004144783,0.00019360156,0.00005773477,0.00010284069,0.0003290292,0.00012189669,0.00016448891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025516942,0.00011086183,0.98569185,0.000074398355,0.00001380583,0.0000945175,0.00013961545,0.00001055231,0.00008258559,0.000013874333,0.010100671,0.0036417842],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005049498,0.000084122286,0.95726955,0.00002930899,0.000017635886,0.00000516566,0.00003977135,0.00003153837,0.00026329435,0.000053212763,0.041608453,0.00009300711],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009303229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.051358365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.042055137,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037532605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000052423134,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993578},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212118755","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3780","title":"Feeding on epibenthic zooplankton by Long‐tailed Ducks: patch structure, profitability, and food web implications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; University of Northern British Columbia; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predation; Trophic level; Food web; Foraging; Zooplankton; Biology; Biomass (ecology); Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Diel vertical migration; Functional response; Planktivore; Optimal foraging theory; Forage fish; Fishery; Predator; Phytoplankton; Nutrient","score_opus":0.008987252281658439,"score_gpt":0.22530056425905323,"score_spread":0.21631331197739478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212118755","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9912225,0.00013607644,0.000020081568,0.0012492713,0.00012477985,0.00022840792,0.00014746832,0.00004310866,0.00682832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99786896,0.000020460851,0.00027361512,0.0002658303,0.000026571603,0.000031294778,0.00005249092,0.000013799501,0.0014470011],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989728,0.00005201855,0.00016330657,0.00044059608,0.00011256188,0.00025875925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994876,0.00005667013,0.000057174,0.0002808346,0.000010084575,0.00010766657],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000084328385,0.00013817637,0.00013784198,0.0000051022703,0.0002403796,0.000032791046,0.00013123413,0.0001485836,0.015959973],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039954943,0.00012923541,0.000033790657,0.00014547685,0.0001284666,0.00012805166,0.00016129794,0.00022296194,0.00043992145],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000042571965,0.000100734265,0.9754529,0.000007832889,0.000007884108,0.0000038644266,0.0000702401,0.000004280405,0.0037733475,0.00003729692,0.017069751,0.003467608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026772538,0.00012114187,0.9924654,0.000007837167,0.000021095791,0.000021795877,0.00009940006,0.00001210144,0.004429149,0.00084183953,0.0015570209,0.00015552968],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000076104925,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032944472,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01701246,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010977797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022347209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9849396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3212478983","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3794","title":"Functional trait complementarity and dominance both determine benthic secondary production in temperate seagrass beds","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ecology; Trait; Benthic zone; Biology; Biodiversity; Seagrass; Ecosystem; Complementarity (molecular biology); Species richness; Dominance (genetics)","score_opus":0.01605456631077318,"score_gpt":0.2009354381216275,"score_spread":0.18488087181085433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3212478983","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9800703,0.0005021647,0.0000069280964,0.00061172957,0.00032748363,0.00008621995,0.00014387406,0.000012728549,0.018238561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927484,0.00010748452,0.0002940637,0.0002948102,0.00012275732,0.0000017430226,0.0007417755,0.0000017966107,0.0056872177],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923015,0.000063483785,0.00016450335,0.00028410545,0.00007554014,0.00018222647],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997789,0.000030680607,0.000036440822,0.000085220105,0.0000197884,0.000048913964],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015665541,0.00009388908,0.00013694429,0.000013957379,0.00009476402,0.000030966177,0.000045082645,0.000047286307,0.016594086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014951037,0.0000851047,0.000021690512,0.000111779504,0.000040470593,0.00015161445,0.000019782861,0.00016410193,0.00005250726],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086188455,0.000036878617,0.6658907,0.0000477008,0.000016270453,0.00006164252,0.000061917126,0.0001373762,0.0005504453,0.000037031645,0.012305228,0.3207686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035052383,0.00006812954,0.9749601,0.00001124684,0.0000049006544,0.00012070134,0.0001467613,0.00051139103,0.00048533565,0.00041386837,0.02281358,0.000113452865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004110483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3039112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32065514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003974048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007267748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9843049},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3214619197","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3821","title":"A test of the Janzen‐Connell hypothesis in a species‐rich Mediterranean woodland","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Australian Research Council","keywords":"Biology; Ecology; Intraspecific competition; Woodland; Seedling; Mediterranean climate; Banksia; Botany","score_opus":0.01364016183388829,"score_gpt":0.19872579540599578,"score_spread":0.1850856335721075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3214619197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8477269,0.00009163058,0.000008500529,0.0021029138,0.00011470559,0.00006435581,0.000005703852,0.000005058982,0.14988026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98432285,0.00004287704,0.00035444228,0.00019975357,0.000018192693,0.0000074312557,8.3481837e-7,0.000004911869,0.015048693],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99945784,0.00004592784,0.000119161545,0.00015066865,0.00009670107,0.00012968504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994631,0.00028400737,0.000057735288,0.00016874725,0.000007367898,0.000019049106],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000099976605,0.000067112844,0.00011479667,0.0000044860167,0.00006863372,0.00000689154,0.00014147672,0.000044827142,0.0062879655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002874483,0.000049124432,0.000038071397,0.0002341379,0.00012834191,0.000049652608,0.00014268229,0.0000881749,0.00020806091],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036256579,0.00013831064,0.9799675,0.000011834971,0.000014147371,0.000016270678,0.0012710165,0.00043949782,0.0017280716,0.00011970808,0.015395683,0.00089433434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024254489,0.00001696708,0.99348956,0.000012240673,0.000007670109,0.000005277075,0.0007138769,0.00066206174,0.0010939059,0.0014476632,0.002239499,0.00006873329],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017195604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015130163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.136596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004448118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010839186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99462044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3216855779","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3835","title":"Snow hardness impacts intranivean locomotion of arctic small mammals","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nunavut Arctic College; Canadian Museum of Nature; Université Laval","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; W. Garfield Weston Foundation","keywords":"Digging; Snow; Fossorial; Arctic; Ecology; Biology; Environmental science; Geography; Meteorology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.013267673635250292,"score_gpt":0.2224822220267922,"score_spread":0.20921454839154188,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3216855779","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97651255,0.0001108383,0.00014173817,0.0002910416,0.00015078014,0.00007585176,0.0000045448137,0.000017857064,0.022694789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99602747,0.00005469949,0.000970546,0.000079319354,0.000018875944,0.0000050559875,0.0000046333125,0.0000075177118,0.0028318816],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934345,0.000047956146,0.00014594493,0.0001910492,0.000083315164,0.00018825983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970055,0.00002969968,0.00006425002,0.0001356246,0.000016280368,0.00005358788],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010351706,0.0000904215,0.00015348024,0.000003843514,0.00008678821,0.0000068616964,0.00009761304,0.0000656355,0.0270537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000057487105,0.00008405613,0.00005705687,0.00011984964,0.00012570692,0.000080934784,0.00012867941,0.00009198643,0.0009886965],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004734725,0.0005810057,0.93143857,0.00007198688,0.000058228605,0.00016804262,0.00078858854,0.000203498,0.025473658,0.00030001573,0.018509956,0.022359129],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021021445,0.00009789829,0.9848202,0.000025892612,0.00003140477,0.000016957903,0.00035484953,0.00002019883,0.012540394,0.00036310428,0.0014134776,0.00010539075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000142756,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037725603,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05338167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007363091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000129892815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200052786","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3863","title":"Sex‐associated differences in the network roles of pollinators","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research","keywords":"Pollinator; Generalist and specialist species; Biology; Nestedness; Ecology; Pollination; Community; Plant reproduction; Ecological network; Pollen; Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Habitat","score_opus":0.028989369823334707,"score_gpt":0.18743451463576072,"score_spread":0.158445144812426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200052786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9862189,0.0016027904,4.8599684e-8,0.0007373406,0.000023340705,0.000029845403,0.000017231925,0.000009494701,0.01136096],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990952,0.00021028804,0.000005128269,0.000106538435,0.00008364396,0.0000026221246,0.000007756345,1.8687462e-7,0.00048866286],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950105,0.000072417635,0.00010129104,0.00009148977,0.00009177618,0.0001419674],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997119,0.00020575128,0.000041703723,0.0000111150775,0.000017682134,0.0000118989],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011802759,0.000056211742,0.00013197731,4.8541136e-7,0.000088733854,0.00001679103,0.00012776373,0.000036468307,0.00037585455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000033211727,0.000015963544,0.00004345812,0.00024293602,0.000021197817,0.00001971141,0.00003451315,0.000058531306,0.000010754691],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007656903,0.00012489507,0.96533036,0.0000032327837,0.00002603008,0.00002023437,0.00033834993,0.000004640036,0.0038879209,0.00088680384,0.0169681,0.012401783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000037550664,0.0000412421,0.9935189,0.00001975681,0.000003414724,8.798724e-7,0.0018329048,0.0000125062315,0.00026030073,0.0013178384,0.0029035031,0.00005124136],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009753642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.036387198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.036289662,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000041801763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003215069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9811962},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200098728","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3858","title":"The predator activity landscape predicts the anti‐predator behavior and distribution of prey in a tundra community","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Predation; Predator; Ecology; Tundra; Habitat; Nest (protein structural motif); Biology; Geography; Arctic","score_opus":0.010124213854301092,"score_gpt":0.21954317994344813,"score_spread":0.20941896608914704,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200098728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754256,0.00008520649,0.000018758747,0.00068322814,0.00006809378,0.00019728525,0.000048198104,0.000010874664,0.0013457711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99955153,0.00006641583,0.000015954502,0.000054058662,0.000010001015,0.000042689222,0.000028323779,0.0000036439092,0.0002273566],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920064,0.0003347218,0.00012364365,0.00011142844,0.00009866873,0.00013092507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993316,0.0002563239,0.00007321818,0.00030061867,0.00001078705,0.00002743953],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040533132,0.000067102934,0.000087600034,0.0000016955901,0.00035520128,0.000023986424,0.00016580537,0.00006990033,0.00041498066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001579558,0.000044707795,0.000021221402,0.00013515333,0.00019863211,0.0001719417,0.00022604519,0.00023995907,0.000022148797],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020972964,0.00014044743,0.99108434,0.00000617042,0.0000061282162,0.0000020421965,0.0002410543,0.000032112865,0.0002831183,0.000038095754,0.006319873,0.0018256253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022231959,0.00003463157,0.99690956,0.000008403106,0.0000151044,0.0000057694483,0.0003960951,0.0005509427,0.00081134995,0.0001294697,0.00086919713,0.00004716608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031254758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014098898,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01378635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003822995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027597911,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.78675157},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200107527","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3869","title":"Bridging the divide between ecological forecasts and environmental decision making","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Esri (Canada); Western Forest Products; Wilfrid Laurier University; Memorial University of Newfoundland; McGill University; University of Ottawa; Natural Resources Canada; University of Alberta; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of British Columbia; The Scarborough Hospital; Carleton University; Canadian Forest Service; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Bridging (networking); Cyberinfrastructure; Computer science; Management science; Data science; Engineering","score_opus":0.0076971098767935515,"score_gpt":0.20812769444789134,"score_spread":0.20043058457109778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200107527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97284454,0.0002231062,0.019581702,0.00025879705,0.00007792862,0.000117614385,0.000005806219,0.000026528052,0.0068639666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9859636,0.00012067431,0.012344356,0.00046900086,0.00008583588,0.00000909617,0.000008157778,0.000020659674,0.0009786661],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873763,0.000054871172,0.00020212246,0.0004056392,0.00027023203,0.0003295164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941146,0.0001596679,0.00006579683,0.0002660373,6.5392726e-7,0.000096383956],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015958659,0.00017547711,0.00015873885,0.0000012166331,0.00034259426,0.00005539452,0.00019296182,0.00008871869,0.008002556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027368558,0.00012944579,0.00006718511,0.000084182124,0.000267761,0.00015598883,0.0008207347,0.00019283284,0.00046200538],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000070490414,0.000053062566,0.4785054,0.000002072256,0.000015580365,0.00005538916,0.00013447813,0.009001757,0.00018436521,0.000016115264,0.0031893088,0.50883543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021543466,0.00003858337,0.9725085,0.000014722703,0.000026130514,0.00006538478,0.0002971876,0.014898019,0.000065286236,0.0016100673,0.0100528635,0.00020783852],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017108187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000771629,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5086276,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020567741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003982633,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99290425},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200407095","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3880","title":"Collaboration with Nlaka'pamux communities to examine metal deposition on soapberry in interior British Columbia","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Victoria General Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental chemistry; Deposition (geology); Soil water; Environmental science; Metal; Resource (disambiguation); Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Chemistry; Geology; Soil science; Mass spectrometry; Sediment","score_opus":0.007046718311317937,"score_gpt":0.20602977042940615,"score_spread":0.1989830521180882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4200407095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9768659,0.000051720275,0.00018224798,0.00032190967,0.000113955495,0.00031453941,0.000018719342,0.000031088948,0.02209993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9876465,0.0000336864,0.00546044,0.0009555694,0.000024520918,0.0001038147,0.000043650212,0.000027705186,0.005704078],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987013,0.00019893046,0.00024203364,0.00028346077,0.00032220347,0.00025211292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943453,0.00004889351,0.000051876825,0.00035236432,0.000009388182,0.00010293524],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020079134,0.000118628894,0.00019647962,0.000008740944,0.00013525094,0.00023256887,0.00016131155,0.00006650056,0.015852187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030377394,0.00016915027,0.000026613905,0.0003477251,0.000097398304,0.00028277247,0.00018905534,0.00016841038,0.0009987148],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00033148608,0.0031708304,0.33433497,0.00012987103,0.00019270042,0.0023518195,0.011314713,0.048190672,0.089264505,0.00004082436,0.20725583,0.3034218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093709934,0.0006646881,0.95895875,0.00021619607,0.000024541743,0.00010725456,0.0060711014,0.0004385623,0.011377959,0.00005807231,0.020662645,0.0004831527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.016473798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7933252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7768514,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048185687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020799884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997791},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205473435","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3672","title":"Pull the trigger: interplay between benthic and pelagic cues driving the early recruitment of a natural bivalve assemblage","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Région Normandie; Université du Québec à Rimouski","keywords":"Pelagic zone; Benthic zone; Ecology; Biology; Trophic level; Mytilidae; Population; Fishery; Bivalvia; Mollusca","score_opus":0.018122941380644693,"score_gpt":0.2738381796078596,"score_spread":0.2557152382272149,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205473435","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96974933,0.0009012812,0.000005799957,0.0022936945,0.00012982346,0.00042956637,0.000010794351,0.000018675142,0.02646106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949359,0.000097350814,0.000041631673,0.00014632333,0.00006311616,0.00007670636,0.000003948966,0.000010214814,0.0046247654],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988132,0.00018277498,0.00020928352,0.00023750444,0.00034479433,0.00021243583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993883,0.00020077857,0.00012684758,0.0002451287,0.0000056741337,0.000033300264],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004990494,0.00014234774,0.00017482952,0.0000067637925,0.0005936236,0.000039086597,0.0004109005,0.000023593171,0.0016658169],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003879472,0.00007415894,0.000111807145,0.00018372998,0.00018584903,0.00008662309,0.0012377442,0.00036987147,0.000038488786],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000040185576,0.00012441995,0.83988273,0.000028329332,0.00034064456,0.000010362091,0.0142211225,0.00010967529,0.0019923397,0.0008465842,0.09428581,0.048117816],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020910754,0.00016389161,0.89596415,0.000013577795,0.000065466294,0.0000062528147,0.0031680858,0.0000700501,0.00041079355,0.0007068887,0.099069364,0.0001524011],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004687409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076503406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.056081414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000696116,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000583935,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4205974242","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3881","title":"Content, composition, and transfer of polyunsaturated fatty acids in an Arctic lake food web","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo; Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Polar Knowledge Canada","keywords":"Salvelinus; Pelagic zone; Trophic level; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Food web; Littoral zone; Zooplankton; Arctic char; Trout; Arctic; Biology; Benthic zone; Forage fish; Trophic state index; Ecology; Fishery; Phytoplankton; Nutrient; Fatty acid; Predation; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.013575868799514163,"score_gpt":0.20942993274559377,"score_spread":0.1958540639460796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4205974242","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965235,0.000047195546,0.000035802914,0.00019366533,0.000046124238,0.00013645877,0.00003942901,0.000011853815,0.0029659648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993162,0.000007232238,0.00020771657,0.00025620198,0.0000051059624,0.000023166911,0.000026056483,0.000008257671,0.00015004151],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991789,0.00014015689,0.0001929231,0.00020614869,0.00012484718,0.00015702825],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974704,0.000023941468,0.000030243702,0.00015166796,0.0000062787076,0.000040833584],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001421959,0.00007802449,0.00015745145,0.000016773032,0.00009033741,0.000007805659,0.00014901558,0.000032152082,0.019576488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004717587,0.00008016952,0.00003003921,0.00024397398,0.00010715827,0.00012594232,0.00008441999,0.0001399575,0.000032971937],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000070183945,0.00033795513,0.94031453,0.000008273788,0.000030489995,0.000014318293,0.00065756135,0.0026194414,0.054404,0.00016175666,0.00047315692,0.00090834725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010479665,0.00053523073,0.989768,0.0000041305207,0.000027407075,0.000020548787,0.0007270157,0.0026142104,0.003314321,0.0001699933,0.0016011576,0.00017000259],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010468659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029379308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05108968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008314937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008067587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.988332},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4206609016","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3890","title":"Woody perennial polycultures in the U.S. Midwest enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Health Canada; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Perennial plant; Biodiversity; Ecosystem services; Ecology; Agroforestry; Ecosystem; Herbivore; Polyculture; Agriculture; Biology; Fishery","score_opus":0.00589752918294758,"score_gpt":0.19406355013937857,"score_spread":0.18816602095643098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4206609016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89388937,0.00007247838,0.0000010583151,0.0012018133,0.00011727639,0.00013794417,0.000033911743,0.000015478892,0.10453069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989797,0.000011207488,0.000017228991,0.00045696585,0.00003221364,0.00002333753,0.000010816879,0.000002216363,0.009649044],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941015,0.00006926141,0.00006809973,0.00016569071,0.00014334953,0.0001434738],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978566,0.00001977498,0.000027997035,0.0001413744,8.154754e-7,0.000024391045],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015305536,0.00006671935,0.00005346675,0.000008720344,0.00042403018,0.000032760665,0.0002223647,0.000015163003,0.024881724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005163924,0.00005124615,0.000023541037,0.00019408442,0.000040827956,0.000097318145,0.00028548273,0.00011838293,0.0020843747],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000154238,0.00006972746,0.06579453,0.0000057348343,0.0000060479947,0.000011187559,0.002052593,0.00073883386,0.000048484348,0.00018195933,0.9295776,0.0014978639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002064831,0.00007261718,0.22636135,0.0000016452437,0.000009605751,0.0000071615173,0.0015773397,0.00021084315,0.000008976846,0.000069931404,0.771354,0.000120013035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016013505,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00823721,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16056682,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000070587856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003046939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99869263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210482380","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3917","title":"Beyond blight: Phytophthora root rot under climate change limits populations of reintroduced American chestnut","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and Fungal Interactions Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Root rot; Phytophthora cinnamomi; Biology; Resistance (ecology); Chestnut blight; Phytophthora; Population; Range (aeronautics); Cryphonectria; Blight; Agronomy; Germplasm; Botany; Horticulture; Fungus","score_opus":0.04241947273349437,"score_gpt":0.3188188108367225,"score_spread":0.2763993381032281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210482380","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806203,0.00048061652,0.000040674597,0.0007978436,0.00026631475,0.00020989272,0.00018686132,0.00001374604,0.01738373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964049,0.000075716656,0.0003175042,0.00011812301,0.00031469195,0.00012426762,0.00044658958,0.00002140584,0.002176813],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990255,0.00008612415,0.00018077392,0.00027552655,0.0001707338,0.00026129844],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943715,0.000012521994,0.00010907877,0.00031070612,0.00006642259,0.000064108375],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001305015,0.00010998171,0.00014794563,0.00003962589,0.00020495294,0.000015788479,0.00019909916,0.00003800095,0.0008741677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002792312,0.00011436269,0.00008951229,0.00024848775,0.00004504832,0.0000074001623,0.00017923406,0.00017486815,0.000050008854],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034370253,0.00032760057,0.008787376,0.00003070404,0.00009872022,0.000011585168,0.00008271115,0.0009213317,0.9334172,0.0014787228,0.047954947,0.006545407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001536339,0.0032013746,0.25411728,0.000039304057,0.00010588735,0.00020636908,0.0019890368,0.002117478,0.5356729,0.00075515686,0.1990623,0.0011965521],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008402118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00049487076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39774427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030007799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033996686,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95715237},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210519202","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3930","title":"Plant functional traits as measures of ecosystem service provision","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund","keywords":"Ecosystem services; Trait; Ecosystem; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Service (business); Biology; Business; Computer science; Environmental science; Marketing","score_opus":0.016044701622424155,"score_gpt":0.18619017556882744,"score_spread":0.17014547394640328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210519202","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9661888,0.00011432308,0.000010758484,0.00027254128,0.00024027147,0.0002017116,0.0001097446,0.00004026397,0.032821596],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924713,0.0000047383355,0.00004783039,0.00023213025,0.00004657097,0.000049085775,0.000034700362,0.000013075342,0.0003247513],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987538,0.00007603221,0.00023423342,0.00024776702,0.0005038979,0.00018425757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960965,0.000027708811,0.000124298,0.00015954641,0.000009585006,0.0000692232],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026939737,0.00010822357,0.00015554388,0.0000103625725,0.00023668852,0.000013971409,0.00025504266,0.000033487493,0.03980687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038194275,0.000089365065,0.000054095828,0.0002177288,0.0000027079511,0.00014901516,0.00023282574,0.00009580565,0.001861866],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0013214757,0.0017686234,0.078396544,0.0012816881,0.0003663168,0.000149838,0.0066763978,0.48067906,0.024883162,0.00093520386,0.36414948,0.039392214],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002036942,0.0007471459,0.14029473,0.00010747671,0.00007653137,0.00028634284,0.0034485776,0.03373901,0.005133009,0.0010533644,0.81226605,0.00081079034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087186944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010196673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4481166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010421261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023421057,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989153},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210542349","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3910","title":"Emergent trophic interactions following the Chinook salmon invasion of Patagonia","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Oncorhynchus; Biology; Chinook wind; Trophic level; Ecology; Fishery; Invertebrate; Generalist and specialist species; American mink; Isotope analysis; Habitat; Mink","score_opus":0.00972810979632192,"score_gpt":0.215676393583387,"score_spread":0.2059482837870651,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210542349","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92233723,0.00004505987,0.00001963739,0.0018333073,0.0006197632,0.00016259869,0.0000034172829,0.00001850883,0.074960485],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935543,0.000028216191,0.00006973208,0.0004367633,0.000013623514,0.000071018854,0.0000042409697,0.0000057387615,0.0058163963],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941534,0.00006424916,0.0001257644,0.00013892961,0.00013519892,0.00012049661],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997113,0.000034425728,0.0000657242,0.00017268985,0.0000012465088,0.000014623445],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015844834,0.00006221138,0.00007886647,0.0000063351113,0.00059277023,0.0000036115853,0.00020387555,0.000009161602,0.031543393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016296239,0.000047576228,0.00007057959,0.00013072921,0.000039587747,0.00008055264,0.00068531925,0.0001289379,0.00032366376],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023943137,0.0001806913,0.11015641,0.0000060737743,0.000090606445,0.000011546735,0.0009852684,0.0052882438,0.00082192686,0.00016893596,0.8801354,0.002130931],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024527987,0.00019433725,0.7205131,0.000004693154,0.0000582882,0.000002972795,0.0023317495,0.0007421654,0.00025527368,0.0011289559,0.2743763,0.000146876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016868023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020471076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6103567,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007607273,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000028369109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.96934193},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210586560","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3919","title":"A trait‐based framework for assessing the vulnerability of marine species to human impacts","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; National Philanthropic Trust; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Climate change; Stressor; Biodiversity; Vulnerability (computing); Vulnerable species; Biology; Ecosystem; Habitat; Ocean acidification; Geography; Endangered species","score_opus":0.027701336062759423,"score_gpt":0.29305082133515564,"score_spread":0.2653494852723962,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210586560","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9463759,0.000010679974,0.0011832403,0.0014065531,0.00016793283,0.00050456333,0.000042813765,0.000025969928,0.05028237],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99431634,3.0222057e-7,0.0031792314,0.0002720484,0.000056828754,0.00017730054,0.0000058367095,0.000010249347,0.0019818782],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910456,0.0000637363,0.0002019178,0.00021108577,0.00020656503,0.00021216397],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937755,0.00021108465,0.00009014482,0.00026279132,0.000008764948,0.000049673537],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041361284,0.00010260493,0.00017221978,0.000006150507,0.0006205805,0.000026067879,0.0002572608,0.000017251052,0.015630135],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012936049,0.00007321087,0.000091608796,0.00020786515,0.000055730907,0.000059628906,0.000682326,0.00013175275,0.00001942577],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017596796,0.0010928742,0.5830184,0.0003062991,0.00011275456,0.000008508397,0.0034550247,0.011750025,0.01818785,0.012894924,0.31181872,0.057178624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020919694,0.00023780533,0.9210831,0.000010899194,0.0000143831685,0.0000012237165,0.0008373321,0.00037387857,0.0005969995,0.011186554,0.06530176,0.0001468913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008419044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018624483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33806464,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016509522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011232046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9852697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210636378","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3898","title":"Silvicultural strategies for lichen conservation: Smaller gaps and shorter distances to edges promote recolonization","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Forests; Smiths Detection (Canada); Campbell Scientific (Canada)","funders":"Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations","keywords":"Threatened species; Lichen; Epiphyte; Colonization; Ecology; Biological dispersal; Temperate rainforest; Logging; Rainforest; Geography; Silviculture; Old-growth forest; Biology; Habitat; Population; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.019847040413391043,"score_gpt":0.21770062006407867,"score_spread":0.19785357965068762,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210636378","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851717,0.00030589363,0.000013249888,0.010448834,0.0002002768,0.00048632955,0.00007110085,0.00005073831,0.0032518806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947099,0.000014918942,0.00035911956,0.001286368,0.00018489755,0.00028403982,0.00014175271,0.0000012138004,0.0030178027],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932766,0.00004208783,0.00013632492,0.00023748878,0.00007624555,0.00018018176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997076,0.00009191003,0.000049306414,0.000030067431,0.000061725295,0.000059412643],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011869648,0.00009365521,0.00011792005,0.000002791593,0.00043184205,0.000096222655,0.00012213708,0.000042773412,0.0023637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000023772745,0.000040805164,0.000032154698,0.00015453287,0.00002309742,0.00014614288,0.00007912062,0.00006651527,0.0000147586625],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006335085,0.00050300686,0.055093296,0.00012330877,0.00016315641,0.000013418552,0.0073853186,0.00037721306,0.09914434,0.013068115,0.6138708,0.20962454],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022864717,0.0011170768,0.22010958,0.0000064784012,0.000014980428,0.000007105801,0.0067163734,0.0003356597,0.0005157246,0.0028768287,0.7677825,0.00028903788],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006874267,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005355107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2093355,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030552317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000133035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99854827},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210765964","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3908","title":"Landscape composition, climate variability, and their interaction drive waterfowl nest survival in the Canadian Prairies","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ducks Unlimited Canada","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada","keywords":"Waterfowl; Nest (protein structural motif); Habitat; Ecology; Geography; Grassland; Vegetation (pathology); Abundance (ecology); Climate change; Biology","score_opus":0.007692545214872295,"score_gpt":0.21213669482157138,"score_spread":0.2044441496066991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210765964","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97932816,0.000004747765,0.0000027729575,0.0026226551,0.00018545154,0.00015523272,0.000028427048,0.000009839128,0.017662708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994358,0.0000022378365,0.000024054903,0.00032374664,0.000014983643,0.000047537007,0.000034372108,0.000004561073,0.000112706584],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925655,0.00023582693,0.000095310716,0.0001607883,0.000065287415,0.00018621485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99973994,0.00007303756,0.000028691738,0.000115144954,0.000002547844,0.00004062108],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004459186,0.000070212256,0.00007410876,0.000008424335,0.0005762369,0.000030438203,0.0001382203,0.000032113356,0.007933995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005352176,0.00005007909,0.0000152064595,0.00009058102,0.00009318336,0.00012236061,0.00013199836,0.00020788664,0.00014638662],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010708908,0.000053005155,0.99398124,0.0000015897086,0.0000017755434,0.000012830567,0.0019894673,0.00036618754,0.000024428326,0.00005735359,0.002741006,0.0007604334],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012231577,0.000053612494,0.99082005,0.0000013066409,0.0000043363098,0.000046890826,0.0021888963,0.00020365819,0.000015954687,0.00025171268,0.006221215,0.000070047085],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012290419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7042622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6919718,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016146444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014641828,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99428684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210872295","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3946","title":"Reduced predation on roadside nests can compensate for road mortality in road‐adjacent turtle populations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Turtle Biology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Predation; Nest (protein structural motif); Turtle (robot); Ecology; Population; Biology; Painted turtle; Abundance (ecology); Wildlife; Demography","score_opus":0.0431302347373748,"score_gpt":0.2782602498668565,"score_spread":0.2351300151294817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210872295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99184895,0.000012882776,0.000028149672,0.0012358383,0.00029835658,0.00048507567,0.000047440728,0.000033337226,0.006009985],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99699533,0.000001210373,0.00019767306,0.00039096642,0.000027391427,0.0002033711,0.00032711614,0.000009142497,0.0018477951],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991291,0.00008732008,0.0001989971,0.00027478233,0.00013234159,0.00017743789],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996379,0.000019094388,0.000093137154,0.0002060332,0.000005530256,0.000038291957],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019010645,0.00009370442,0.000099787416,0.000011633805,0.00024672106,0.000015643687,0.00013809254,0.000045329663,0.0033393598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003661292,0.00009843025,0.000039647504,0.00015206353,0.00002802384,0.00010882411,0.00008023262,0.000119594246,0.00011796146],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017538498,0.0003601741,0.80570626,0.000005774862,0.000016827335,0.00000525928,0.0007204542,0.12930688,0.0030192472,0.0013357918,0.023316875,0.036031038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000339299,0.00007905326,0.9819357,0.0000033229355,0.000005923469,0.0000016094136,0.00011232649,0.00941708,0.00023889214,0.001871411,0.0058781016,0.00011727501],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022960105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011338973,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17622942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003249235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000193545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975717},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4210931427","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3918","title":"The socioeconomic status of cities covaries with avian life‐history strategies","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Socioeconomic status; Passerine; Geography; Urban sprawl; Urbanization; Ecology; Ecosystem; Urban ecosystem; Biology; Urban planning; Demography; Population","score_opus":0.008420623537799186,"score_gpt":0.18104169651576815,"score_spread":0.17262107297796897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4210931427","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93064713,0.00040412034,0.000016873855,0.0005806587,0.0001662756,0.00008120887,0.000007391495,0.000018170918,0.06807818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930462,0.000033484906,0.00010545032,0.00050308346,0.000013103455,0.00004894412,0.0000051239604,0.0000066669095,0.006237948],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999446,0.00006181617,0.000115305,0.00010994465,0.00008743627,0.000179522],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996369,0.00008803714,0.00010167488,0.00013676893,0.0000034955794,0.000033108223],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012861707,0.00006108378,0.000075041506,0.00000328434,0.00041650422,0.000011818799,0.00015284834,0.000019672054,0.028384916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008221906,0.00004793281,0.00002146878,0.000027930328,0.00042406732,0.00015318849,0.000092576985,0.00011187675,0.0001901567],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012271538,0.00003830782,0.6463179,0.0000058868077,0.000044009324,0.000002670587,0.0028875764,0.00812942,0.00002462627,0.010439451,0.33093798,0.0010494646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001731238,0.00013337738,0.782734,7.5817803e-7,0.000008119982,0.0000019031332,0.012258335,0.00013335366,0.000006962768,0.002227991,0.20224252,0.00007958697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00088628003,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003918326,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13641609,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003190996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018240015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97250324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4213448449","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3940","title":"A case for beta regression in the natural sciences","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Regression analysis; Linear regression; Statistics; Bounded function; Regression; Transformation (genetics); Mathematics; Compositional data; BETA (programming language); Regression diagnostic; Econometrics; Computer science; Polynomial regression; Biology; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.019173227790151404,"score_gpt":0.26202726190018427,"score_spread":0.24285403411003287,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4213448449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9680258,0.00014069013,0.000095580275,0.00090357166,0.0002165724,0.00021710311,0.000014548409,0.000008050894,0.030378103],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973413,0.0000015484147,0.0015662125,0.00039858496,0.000013963611,0.00006346595,0.0000027565966,0.0000025139564,0.00060967775],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995,0.000035946796,0.000063173604,0.00013070926,0.00013997547,0.00013018984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997809,0.00010106826,0.000026465896,0.0000787982,0.0000010376486,0.000011729269],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003866902,0.000039384264,0.00003711502,0.00000439449,0.00049935747,0.000022257644,0.00018229091,0.000006491399,0.001797894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022738903,0.000025368572,0.000017396493,0.0001681059,0.00005320973,0.00004374022,0.00013811344,0.00007752307,0.000027812188],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000034501867,0.00016544494,0.014238306,0.000016959932,0.000005619974,0.0013503818,0.0061816676,0.016868608,0.00035062004,0.008755484,0.8117354,0.14029704],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015530766,0.000616055,0.054721534,0.00002450193,0.000018350736,0.0027329538,0.028835963,0.17046456,0.00015455637,0.024747398,0.7155029,0.0006281288],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046364928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00087129767,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15359595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040592964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000067096585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991146},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220770606","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4003","title":"An evaluation of the efficacy of shell hash for the mitigation of intertidal sediment acidification","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Intertidal zone; Sediment; Environmental science; Silt; Oceanography; Hydrology (agriculture); Organic matter; Geology; Ecology; Biology; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.023169614821194767,"score_gpt":0.26291369772488654,"score_spread":0.23974408290369179,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220770606","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99733365,0.00043264517,0.00020724074,0.00037037543,0.0002687355,0.00070312485,0.000115940886,0.0000048009374,0.0005634996],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996499,0.0000061195046,0.00013165502,0.000026555334,0.000026706357,0.000009581374,0.00006498584,0.0000021881594,0.00008235551],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988994,0.00032693098,0.00023253834,0.00010276117,0.0003744227,0.00006395245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989387,0.00038572276,0.0002764122,0.00026157452,0.000121818346,0.000015818881],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012805944,0.000049162103,0.00007860927,0.0000142033,0.00015321415,0.00000676601,0.00025625445,0.000017490243,0.0022727067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011592317,0.000028144983,0.00006805625,0.00015384337,0.000069443355,0.000058112608,0.000009238278,0.00004668067,0.0000033543004],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008549782,0.00043328732,0.047053233,0.00014156441,0.00012212379,5.7762904e-8,0.004054454,0.54908824,0.05063665,0.00058473874,0.006539555,0.3404911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051342463,0.00028428194,0.75442547,0.000011179728,0.00007313194,6.8906235e-7,0.0010526562,0.18913749,0.053129345,0.0002567322,0.001069515,0.00004611965],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000102042075,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000106082276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7073722,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007623352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008670705,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99863935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4220791594","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3956","title":"Causal drivers of climate‐mediated coral reef regime shifts","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Coral reef; Reef; Regime shift; Coral; Coral bleaching; Alternative stable state; Ecology; Causal inference; Ecosystem; Climate change; Environmental science; Resilience of coral reefs; Causal analysis; Oceanography; Biology; Econometrics; Geology; Economics","score_opus":0.0066673890607783564,"score_gpt":0.19070866143065932,"score_spread":0.18404127236988096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4220791594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8417654,0.000052614618,0.0000025850663,0.00026601885,0.00033957537,0.00014542752,0.00006092004,0.000048195394,0.15731929],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99461704,0.000048325757,0.00011478189,0.0000811144,0.000024576748,0.000030322297,0.000020991947,0.000011389646,0.0050514555],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990095,0.000048488633,0.00019375278,0.00022629341,0.00026573942,0.00025622925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995958,0.00003540295,0.00011448984,0.00019047326,0.000005308328,0.00005849879],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014444134,0.000105829815,0.0001786431,0.000008293664,0.00023316873,0.0000057203874,0.00020504689,0.000021580156,0.025753658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001920203,0.000100774516,0.000058639904,0.00021718311,0.000067938156,0.000084570136,0.0010311588,0.00012029332,0.0010397842],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009903393,0.00021376835,0.40767047,0.0000390708,0.000047400074,0.000074934986,0.0009516277,0.00041477528,0.0011469353,0.00042925353,0.5815761,0.0073366147],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007938456,0.00046239074,0.6120502,0.000010906286,0.00002706319,0.000013408488,0.0017057174,0.0008620384,0.000110292654,0.00040854962,0.38320905,0.00034656745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008109707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013241166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2043797,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001480831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008815083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99973804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221059434","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3971","title":"Functional dispersion of wetland birds, invertebrates, and plants more strongly influenced by hydroperiod than each other","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Abiotic component; Invertebrate; Ecology; Taxon; Wetland; Functional response; Dispersion (optics); Competition (biology); Biology; Environmental science; Predation","score_opus":0.005419516200043399,"score_gpt":0.19284948342498182,"score_spread":0.1874299672249384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4221059434","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930334,0.000306209,0.000023226725,0.00021467036,0.00007534376,0.000085362735,0.00007105135,0.000014253807,0.006176445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965529,0.000027983766,0.000065845416,0.00016812711,0.000006274065,0.000019267905,0.000028035169,0.0000077946725,0.0031238163],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994116,0.000037793317,0.00011111937,0.00017873004,0.0001409026,0.000119893244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998005,0.000022178736,0.000061244646,0.000078882906,0.0000029527255,0.000034240587],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008067295,0.000080019745,0.00010441467,0.00000734113,0.00031444422,0.000005602125,0.00008116507,0.000029082228,0.008632248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000060521306,0.00007134228,0.000019009763,0.00006596007,0.00014744994,0.00009180788,0.00018706574,0.00010036383,0.00008364567],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000057475812,0.00008184688,0.9394961,0.00000612275,0.000031420885,0.000002187419,0.0006619256,0.0055629807,0.004905978,0.000043030985,0.04875824,0.0003926882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008456932,0.00025802513,0.9712391,0.000005894147,0.0000139438125,0.0000128415695,0.0017684506,0.014977655,0.00048555693,0.00023757888,0.009951803,0.00020343803],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031871736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010380519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.038806435,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046669506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000068850577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.992274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221120710","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3965","title":"Benthic–limnetic morphological variation in fishes: Dissolved organic carbon concentration produces unexpected patterns","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Limnetic zone; Benthic zone; Dissolved organic carbon; Biology; Ecology; Electrofishing; Habitat; Littoral zone","score_opus":0.006980744003606226,"score_gpt":0.19056176317782625,"score_spread":0.18358101917422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4221120710","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98027813,0.00001832408,0.000023554468,0.00152668,0.00022803724,0.00037586654,0.000004340427,0.000054398333,0.017490646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99854684,0.000025980615,0.000049060945,0.0004154784,0.000021363,0.00016295376,0.000029031717,0.000007881374,0.000741394],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989244,0.00013995016,0.00018419906,0.0003506302,0.00017438522,0.0002264535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997102,0.000036382353,0.00007932176,0.00014692612,0.0000034065008,0.000023782974],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015630262,0.00010264829,0.000118871714,0.000008546762,0.0002126472,0.000012948372,0.00016316584,0.000040190702,0.029917609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053190062,0.00010250502,0.00001928469,0.00024051096,0.00004446878,0.00008602095,0.0003184783,0.00017297202,0.00009756544],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006194867,0.00040750063,0.9665915,0.000011138566,0.000027135471,0.000061873645,0.0021334626,0.0033206693,0.004836075,0.00006467296,0.022296388,0.0001876365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038343013,0.00015697788,0.99609417,0.0000024865146,0.0000126701725,0.0000020747477,0.00067199935,0.0015358609,0.00013604,0.00025183617,0.00062610116,0.00012635281],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030012455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0068866843,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029820044,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002600976,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069627545,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9709692},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4223993456","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4033","title":"Effects of long‐term nitrogen addition on water use by <i>Cunninghamia lanceolate</i> in a subtropical plantation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Cunninghamia; Subtropics; Water-use efficiency; Environmental science; Biomass (ecology); Water use; Nitrogen; Primary production; Deposition (geology); Field experiment; Agronomy; Biology; Ecology; Ecosystem; Chemistry; Botany; Irrigation","score_opus":0.0028974159635555413,"score_gpt":0.16859327982258546,"score_spread":0.1656958638590299,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4223993456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99835736,0.000016696982,0.00007063508,0.000027662663,0.00006263747,0.00016657806,0.00009447684,0.000017104505,0.001186851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987762,0.00001203135,0.000059171456,0.00009923699,0.0000071054073,0.00004711028,0.00044846596,0.000009442543,0.0005412144],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927235,0.00006721913,0.00014071786,0.0001679388,0.00018986856,0.00016190506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99979216,0.00004182327,0.000042201442,0.00009166737,0.0000016326563,0.00003048946],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005623557,0.00008124515,0.00009642843,0.000013352005,0.00006563736,0.000013037569,0.00009397674,0.000038474638,0.0018995701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000035993276,0.000069183996,0.000029761057,0.00008227656,0.000023008306,0.00012878446,0.00007643067,0.00015887206,0.00014738801],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029467687,0.00051844376,0.85875285,0.000041196537,0.000024181692,0.0001833062,0.0007892648,0.039915968,0.07968144,0.00007754225,0.016828826,0.0028923012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002116702,0.00050452864,0.9328971,0.00005155577,0.000031098483,0.000043743134,0.000025413143,0.016054058,0.044250436,0.00080761075,0.0027823453,0.00043539074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020285437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00015453798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07414427,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014963103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002743422,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990128},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224913921","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4016","title":"Integrating historical observations alters projections of eastern North American spruce–fir habitat under climate change","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Climate change; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Species distribution; Range (aeronautics); Habitat; Precipitation; Geography; Disturbance (geology); Environmental science; Physical geography; Ecosystem; Climatology; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.061409926012215926,"score_gpt":0.2523646415643268,"score_spread":0.19095471555211088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224913921","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96659994,0.000033954515,0.00010022809,0.0012482209,0.00030858337,0.00024026996,0.0001426517,0.00006494863,0.03126118],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975877,0.000029639974,0.0003566223,0.00054006756,0.000037532438,0.00023762249,0.00010284193,0.000016919626,0.0010910499],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988832,0.000059880957,0.00023870706,0.00024964605,0.00028721467,0.0002813764],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994883,0.000029600655,0.00018322375,0.00020681687,0.000013031737,0.00007906192],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009297235,0.00012143149,0.0001592853,0.000016868255,0.0003903738,0.000015739006,0.00020767793,0.000014703464,0.0353853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017651451,0.00012311686,0.0000880387,0.00070807524,0.00010230731,0.00015475323,0.00029475073,0.00016738201,0.0005099062],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026297153,0.00039853534,0.90761083,0.000016866828,0.000018138682,0.0000048595907,0.0014975714,0.00043618496,0.00044470193,0.0010311996,0.082835294,0.0056795315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00018092073,0.00019830755,0.9348801,0.000004065285,0.000015502243,0.000004170239,0.012179283,0.0009202459,0.000020083877,0.000021977494,0.051393438,0.00018192909],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003445246,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.025542246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034875393,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020605952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010187351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99223906},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224914420","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4011","title":"Clustering community science data to infer songbird migratory connectivity in the Western Hemisphere","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nature Conservancy of Canada; University of Northern British Columbia; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Warbler; Songbird; Ecology; Population; Bird migration; Geography; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Data science; Habitat; Computer science","score_opus":0.05256384418392438,"score_gpt":0.29215504490976296,"score_spread":0.2395912007258386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224914420","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919527,0.000013836784,0.000045661,0.0005974814,0.00014035696,0.0002651781,0.000029131194,0.000028660876,0.006926986],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970625,7.097056e-7,0.00019147196,0.0021063322,0.000013287514,0.00006576786,0.0000074125214,0.000008964516,0.00054353283],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985172,0.00036877903,0.00014324854,0.00032695933,0.00030579907,0.00033800892],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99860203,0.00012984428,0.000046162317,0.001144843,0.000003791571,0.00007330919],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020044101,0.00010853698,0.00011537898,0.000010537501,0.0011999948,0.00004250715,0.002436501,0.00003171878,0.0077825123],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078072175,0.00009286031,0.000018181057,0.0005186835,0.00029934078,0.00039892283,0.0042104144,0.0006655255,0.00088164065],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013434051,0.0002916044,0.9723153,0.0000027685019,0.0000013007298,0.000019217858,0.002261627,0.0014280567,0.000762518,0.0000012218542,0.019217547,0.003685408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019695573,0.00007782409,0.9845498,0.000003185372,0.000004711162,0.00002209327,0.003151347,0.00028874556,0.000091319635,0.000019855894,0.011458883,0.00013526357],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011475885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.065492235,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06434465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002916607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043304906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998963},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226287569","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4020","title":"Estimating carbon stocks and stock changes in Interior Wetbelt forests of British Columbia, Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia; Positive Living North","funders":"","keywords":"Temperate climate; Biomass (ecology); Temperate rainforest; Environmental science; Forest inventory; Forestry; Carbon stock; Vegetation (pathology); Soil carbon; Stock (firearms); Rainforest; Carbon sequestration; Agroforestry; Ecology; Climate change; Geography; Forest management; Physical geography; Ecosystem; Soil water; Soil science; Biology; Carbon dioxide","score_opus":0.004355781962201096,"score_gpt":0.18352642253052176,"score_spread":0.17917064056832066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226287569","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99441713,0.000077898105,0.000002224728,0.00009200898,0.00013377596,0.0001393172,0.000045106623,0.0000064912524,0.0050860383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99784523,0.0000032605965,0.00020931612,0.000086730506,0.000013630481,0.00005437728,0.0000070575807,0.000007859761,0.0017725582],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993373,0.000034559667,0.00012955694,0.00018294856,0.0001256978,0.00018992793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997714,0.000027133889,0.00006603448,0.00008744731,0.0000021205522,0.000045868877],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010811705,0.000049561273,0.00014495551,0.0000044426292,0.00007384888,0.000013857789,0.00011634077,0.00002181756,0.004076096],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001375178,0.00007974998,0.000009618996,0.00008922033,0.000037342885,0.000024730458,0.0003027813,0.00010777465,6.5470795e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000412851,0.000015205055,0.96278006,0.000009465242,0.000003210624,0.000051047922,0.0001030401,0.0006432266,0.000070252114,1.5553296e-7,0.018830294,0.017489912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034047235,0.00015235382,0.9859521,0.000013470161,0.0000032382331,0.000042218562,0.00019388739,0.0108674085,0.0000059240674,0.00006498626,0.0022644163,0.00009956717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9756388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9999197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024280898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020541075,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003444746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99683434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4226517330","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4009","title":"Utilizing causal diagrams across quasi‐experimental approaches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Causal inference; Causal model; Computer science; Observational study; Instrumental variable; Causality (physics); Causal structure; Process (computing); Econometrics; Machine learning; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.2689129566122469,"score_gpt":0.4140008606688787,"score_spread":0.1450879040566318,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4226517330","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92614067,0.00068736414,0.012901366,0.00013297102,0.0003009956,0.00062170974,0.00006606687,0.0012434853,0.057905383],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9673984,0.000004416522,0.03014991,0.000088329056,0.00007905589,0.0004573478,0.000019087569,0.000066546076,0.0017368789],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984161,0.00010872091,0.00030035723,0.00036474914,0.00033404728,0.00047601826],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991016,0.00018897257,0.00014164047,0.00046130706,0.000019159332,0.00008733867],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037931945,0.00022566417,0.00027774464,0.000012853096,0.00047208046,0.00005115378,0.00037021315,0.00006330717,0.0031014823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009801944,0.00023391774,0.00010207979,0.000191187,0.00007901738,0.00019396946,0.00054758077,0.0004123961,0.0000738257],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014934834,0.004802428,0.0017488592,0.00018436911,0.00018526186,0.00021129788,0.01710207,0.00023132889,0.007496812,0.78917825,0.14361082,0.03509918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017705126,0.002500984,0.00046610812,0.0000730996,0.000055979122,0.00024637338,0.10254374,0.0045472328,0.16874063,0.65551406,0.061264805,0.002276467],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037168084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007333863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16124381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027779667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003390268,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978098},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4229449824","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4059","title":"Integrating microclimatic variation in phenological responses to climate change: A 28‐year study in a hibernating mammal","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Université de Strasbourg; Alberta Environment and Parks; American Society of Mammalogists; Auburn University; Fondation Fyssen; Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Microclimate; Climate change; Phenology; Ecology; Hibernation (computing); Geography; Habitat; Environmental science; Physical geography; Climatology; Biology","score_opus":0.037030973042197095,"score_gpt":0.25992925548473517,"score_spread":0.22289828244253806,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4229449824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995424,0.00009531328,2.5748145e-7,0.0024364444,0.00014171653,0.00060010003,0.000021355689,0.000042344207,0.0012384941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984329,0.000012650392,0.00029480323,0.00052773353,0.00007613756,0.000565007,0.000008185906,0.0000010967386,0.00008154049],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983857,0.00048966036,0.00030073282,0.0003459895,0.00008904093,0.0003888443],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944806,0.00037812904,0.000083919935,0.0000442318,0.000015455918,0.000030215555],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009542847,0.00012604313,0.00023551313,0.00002080536,0.00037692484,0.00001900134,0.00022662975,0.00006780237,0.00135472],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002456399,0.000059244354,0.00003359508,0.00049374555,0.000021203337,0.00006705666,0.0004643798,0.0003237901,0.00008454664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000306992,0.0005087126,0.9794895,0.0000040960526,0.000011576097,0.000060793875,0.0047092824,0.00001922291,0.004653344,0.00021682636,0.00019202763,0.0098276455],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029794796,0.0009635286,0.97648454,0.000011102612,0.000004001797,0.000005461747,0.021529878,0.00009864878,0.0000070680994,0.00025108064,0.0002158311,0.0001309158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00056606723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028704803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028138736,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010725896,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004981106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99955815},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280512518","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4034","title":"Quantifying the temporal stability in seasonal habitat for sage‐grouse using regression and ensemble tree approaches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Habitat; Generalized linear model; Ecology; Generalized additive model; Wildlife; Vegetation (pathology); Grouse; Generalized linear mixed model; Nest (protein structural motif); Geography; Environmental science; Statistics; Biology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.09114229704016752,"score_gpt":0.2599004769987824,"score_spread":0.16875817995861486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280512518","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957232,0.0002806889,0.000492816,0.0007297187,0.00006050261,0.0003848741,0.000009373021,0.000013768884,0.0023050944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975782,0.0000070266806,0.0019540235,0.00012897102,0.000019908159,0.000059328388,0.0000047950743,0.000009840329,0.00023791564],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991631,0.000098543824,0.00012046867,0.000256346,0.00017429772,0.00018727602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969393,0.000067570916,0.000049044847,0.0001556777,9.561634e-7,0.000032806394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058041513,0.00008908405,0.00009630034,0.000005538811,0.0003911435,0.000033276207,0.00013223338,0.00001721202,0.00053207023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000013551786,0.00006092317,0.000036968933,0.00010865899,0.000056776626,0.00010476441,0.0003061776,0.000102410435,0.0000058381656],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012351664,0.00015529325,0.91051364,0.000038767383,0.0000086385235,0.000006998488,0.001116408,0.005130606,0.0004080194,0.00006096668,0.010840889,0.071596265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001358561,0.00014728865,0.7952483,0.000037580314,0.00002307861,0.0000082746365,0.0078101144,0.16492821,0.0002165155,0.0012256718,0.028656818,0.0003395638],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031066893,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029454671,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1597976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011511555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000060720413,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58257955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280518586","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4062","title":"Increases in temperature and freshwater inputs will shift grazing patterns of a coastal mesograzer on foundation species","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University","funders":"Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung","keywords":"Grazing; Salinity; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Abiotic component; Ecosystem; Primary producers; Environmental science; Invertebrate; Phytoplankton; Nutrient","score_opus":0.0071351900511224964,"score_gpt":0.1817069897927767,"score_spread":0.17457179974165418,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280518586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888777,0.00007323969,0.000001361769,0.00017626879,0.000077321,0.00008533045,0.0005705416,0.000010618842,0.01012763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977989,0.00003468794,0.00003100837,0.00026443705,0.000039775976,0.0000020577484,0.0008073878,0.000002228374,0.0010195065],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934566,0.00008135227,0.0001394011,0.00016979205,0.000117276984,0.00014649573],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99976295,0.00007069766,0.00004751353,0.00007706295,0.0000069693606,0.000034777902],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011387554,0.000089444795,0.00013208926,0.000039204435,0.00008813385,0.000024993715,0.0000858139,0.000031856267,0.012591804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010407328,0.000072188646,0.000022745024,0.000099768804,0.000024901701,0.00010965361,0.00005091635,0.00015004417,0.000016155382],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011112066,0.00002921141,0.9860531,0.0000149113575,0.000008133833,0.000032735174,0.00012977532,0.00023912516,0.00010657632,0.00009829133,0.0011178481,0.012059168],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030170957,0.00034238637,0.96193373,0.000015353633,0.000003742264,0.000017787617,0.00036645567,0.0002504981,0.00012561408,0.00033971024,0.036186207,0.00011682681],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.021449847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4606052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43915537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000002517747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016199814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9883108},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4280527838","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4089","title":"Seedlot Selection Tool and Climate‐Smart Restoration Tool: Web‐based tools for sourcing seed adapted to future climates","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; U.S. Forest Service","keywords":"Climate change; Selection (genetic algorithm); Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Biology; Computer science","score_opus":0.010271667286275618,"score_gpt":0.2113983905062724,"score_spread":0.20112672321999678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4280527838","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904346,0.000033599976,0.0014173086,0.0020252941,0.00028178786,0.0008688948,0.00005142271,0.0001298293,0.0047572707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933076,0.000010413917,0.0038597344,0.0016426094,0.00016757615,0.00034556992,0.00008076193,0.000027369511,0.0005583904],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988329,0.000056292294,0.00020286886,0.00035728732,0.00024117346,0.0003095151],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996578,0.00005188155,0.00007424705,0.00014719498,0.000008316481,0.00006055268],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039836246,0.00014723888,0.00013800732,0.0000220421,0.0006666916,0.00019708292,0.00011725114,0.00004006165,0.0019863122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022329914,0.00014604752,0.000048925645,0.0002538698,0.000013855334,0.00034964745,0.00017303399,0.0001034242,0.00012026254],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010155851,0.00037800515,0.176005,0.00019189193,0.00005850404,0.000010698027,0.0011156746,0.31597388,0.018126173,0.0014197642,0.43239814,0.053306654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00116124,0.00047083784,0.1834957,0.000014003132,0.00003455609,0.0000040678665,0.001225221,0.07336002,0.00024257126,0.00007649728,0.7395418,0.00037345066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038596914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034073964,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3071437,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019903823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013330088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283364114","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4106","title":"Retrogressive thaw slumps in the Alaskan Low Arctic may influence tundra shrub growth more strongly than climate","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; US-UK Fulbright Commission; University of Alaska Fairbanks; Arctic Institute of North America; Polsko-Amerykanska Komisja Fulbrighta; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Thermokarst; Tundra; Shrub; Permafrost; Deciduous; Environmental science; Riparian zone; Ecology; Arctic; Physical geography; Geography; Habitat; Biology","score_opus":0.0132116700118576,"score_gpt":0.2259539390440939,"score_spread":0.21274226903223628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283364114","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97917455,0.0011335721,3.50923e-7,0.0017151069,0.00031663085,0.000294303,0.002564587,0.00003673106,0.014764173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970022,0.0002575418,0.000034248173,0.0011086676,0.00014477705,0.000021555383,0.0012116669,0.000009974768,0.00020939804],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979896,0.00022503368,0.00026764348,0.00038051678,0.00048729338,0.0006499439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991453,0.00022256532,0.00012718792,0.0003715248,0.000033315293,0.000100086094],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046965337,0.00021921546,0.00021507358,0.000040409515,0.0005196863,0.00014814829,0.0007097434,0.000056455017,0.038112458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034106393,0.00016494315,0.000091074224,0.00047311623,0.00012320411,0.00033074268,0.000088988876,0.0005236163,0.0004859813],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059970585,0.000035840654,0.9883009,0.00005335313,0.000010787768,0.00021026052,0.0029196574,0.002120209,0.000010139096,0.00006731716,0.005575676,0.0006358892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003167874,0.00021311374,0.9829093,0.00003874072,0.00001341694,0.00007821495,0.010941495,0.001980172,0.000008638855,0.00021610857,0.003044387,0.00023960018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008810873,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.054476745,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04566587,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021402411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004724781,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99778956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283446045","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4152","title":"Productivity of riparian <i>Populus</i> forests: Satellite assessment along a prairie river with an environmental flow regime","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates","keywords":"Streamflow; Environmental science; Riparian zone; Primary production; Hydrology (agriculture); Productivity; Basal area; Ecosystem; Precipitation; Eddy covariance; Satellite imagery; Growing season; Riparian forest; Physical geography; Ecology; Geography; Drainage basin; Forestry; Geology; Remote sensing","score_opus":0.004677645181039597,"score_gpt":0.18832188156562807,"score_spread":0.18364423638458846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283446045","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98805356,0.00003887075,0.00043362516,0.00017065406,0.00007228085,0.0003457583,0.00015336911,0.000032521042,0.010699335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98998576,0.00000744784,0.0077821994,0.00003992172,0.000019362004,0.000060967443,0.00018622259,0.000022254702,0.0018958728],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857026,0.00011737397,0.00019794481,0.00041253213,0.0004542563,0.00024764478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993245,0.000012826406,0.00014459694,0.00042325395,0.000002031169,0.00009281814],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025639663,0.0001563171,0.0001624877,0.000012297425,0.00023452874,0.000017803852,0.00023859426,0.000034044024,0.0021851605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000019982663,0.00013973821,0.00004449748,0.00015257203,0.00017335586,0.00035998828,0.0002565638,0.00021431092,0.00005161207],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012030473,0.000842863,0.8232023,0.000010194916,0.000050599127,0.00006310003,0.00089637894,0.15915978,0.0012159498,0.00018947614,0.0014949284,0.012754143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00088762847,0.0008122801,0.87727076,0.000009451023,0.000057665075,0.000115113755,0.0003328348,0.07417154,0.00027881266,0.0010515266,0.04456039,0.0004520063],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044015353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0033073474,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08498824,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033012635,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021523736,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99872696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283767501","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4151","title":"Vertebrate and invertebrate competition for carrion in human‐impacted environments depends on abiotic factors","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Carrion; Biology; Ecology; Invertebrate; Vertebrate; Calliphoridae; Habitat; Larva","score_opus":0.017366229764040043,"score_gpt":0.2149053196771945,"score_spread":0.19753908991315447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283767501","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982258,0.0000778298,4.338681e-7,0.00028785036,0.00010660634,0.0001670799,0.0000625503,0.000016543157,0.0010552924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991151,0.000012420958,0.0000053052995,0.00027996738,0.00002058886,0.00002745236,0.00018459883,8.7636454e-7,0.0003536706],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994054,0.00005622127,0.000105579835,0.0001913165,0.000076416196,0.00016509634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998275,0.00006521044,0.000041282085,0.00002716356,0.0000035190233,0.000035332985],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000761586,0.0000954785,0.00012078366,0.0000062074705,0.000375378,0.000012818329,0.00006432962,0.000038452923,0.00117597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009894476,0.000043867745,0.00003168174,0.00007472575,0.00003902196,0.000050232586,0.00006245635,0.00009640965,0.00001044809],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000502771,0.0010226109,0.79468083,0.00004731087,0.00014707884,0.000047450245,0.0029104769,0.0004600357,0.12800787,0.0110128615,0.015830953,0.045329742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007211959,0.0013530273,0.9824883,0.00001274028,0.000011694903,0.0000032540966,0.0013089925,0.00034942795,0.003157672,0.004477211,0.0058853775,0.000231133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018847595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0024778442,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18780744,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046626796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000016343289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997371},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283796994","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4164","title":"Integrative analysis of stressor gradients reveals multiple discrete trait‐defined axes underlie community assembly","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment; New Zealand’s Biological Heritage; University of Canterbury","keywords":"Stressor; Trait; Ecology; Biology; Computer science","score_opus":0.017370675563518834,"score_gpt":0.2215862705976339,"score_spread":0.20421559503411504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283796994","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.982616,0.00001688758,0.000086572094,0.00017595572,0.00010124485,0.00015210634,0.0006923197,0.00002721655,0.01613171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99632424,0.0000046455266,0.00035645787,0.00023900504,0.0000034412606,0.000018187719,0.00026359942,0.000008574895,0.0027818196],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984856,0.00051733846,0.00024273974,0.00023649748,0.00023904335,0.00027874886],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992128,0.00018544446,0.00016713694,0.00034380707,0.000009597019,0.00008121158],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003319163,0.00014968179,0.00036040475,0.00004665773,0.00066333014,0.000015993017,0.0005818712,0.000046961162,0.032348167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005560941,0.00013976883,0.00017735579,0.0007254149,0.00020663405,0.0001684626,0.0007547113,0.00034145912,0.00015182582],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027077706,0.0011676635,0.73514926,0.00002975453,0.0016909553,0.00003178214,0.0145459045,0.07664219,0.006760578,0.00046446876,0.16179073,0.0014559506],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001104921,0.00067868596,0.942889,0.0000073929245,0.0005922495,0.0000024379676,0.017434468,0.029948778,0.0017980128,0.0019175786,0.0032152927,0.0004111898],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01006894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09482564,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20773974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024897314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008895777,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965231},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4284887520","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4163","title":"Size spectrum model reveals importance of considering species interactions in a freshwater fisheries management context","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Energy, Northern Development and Mines; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Fishing; Fisheries management; Fishery; Predation; Community structure; Biomass (ecology); Competition (biology); Ecology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.015524057469309781,"score_gpt":0.2125114117982788,"score_spread":0.196987354328969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4284887520","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7132128,0.000027017975,0.000060155915,0.002740394,0.00013249983,0.00025203216,0.000019530733,0.000024026283,0.28353158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9568453,0.00003884773,0.0013763864,0.0009867442,0.0000062849144,0.00014077485,0.000002587807,0.000008989003,0.0405941],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99911624,0.000034695324,0.00025845534,0.00023944511,0.00013168895,0.00021944456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962914,0.000057094527,0.0000988623,0.00019338969,0.0000019919737,0.00001950588],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000154909,0.00010538578,0.0001776455,0.000015878391,0.0001891705,0.000008531581,0.00017280932,0.000011344796,0.059417997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017500788,0.00011108528,0.000042401665,0.00013626402,0.00012158354,0.00016146699,0.0007798005,0.00013148291,0.000094581505],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005000531,0.00013322032,0.4347515,0.00002923452,0.000058364963,0.00005904173,0.001111567,0.01883594,0.00009579887,0.001991469,0.5427835,0.00010035939],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009688989,0.00014011857,0.84101266,0.000026245223,0.000038836155,0.000008250158,0.010914405,0.0055091553,0.0002959064,0.037932765,0.10274215,0.00041060464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012122549,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07916311,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44004133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018304033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002755077,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.94144183},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285404662","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4159","title":"The North American tree‐ring fire‐scar network","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Thompson Rivers University; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Guelph; University of British Columbia; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Ecoregion; Boreal; Subtropics; Fire regime; Geography; Dendrochronology; Taiga; Range (aeronautics); Temperate climate; Fire ecology; Temperate rainforest; Ecology; Vegetation (pathology); Physical geography; Disturbance (geology); Climate change; Environmental science; Forestry; Ecosystem; Geology; Archaeology; Biology","score_opus":0.003388665011315035,"score_gpt":0.17537595305606576,"score_spread":0.17198728804475072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285404662","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94901425,0.00018818745,0.000011526986,0.00032747633,0.0005387543,0.00023960863,0.0000053160343,0.0000880132,0.0495869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951385,0.000017178885,0.00016174116,0.0002544133,0.00016056324,0.00012533805,0.0000041286335,0.000028180288,0.004109924],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99854875,0.00018373405,0.00017272722,0.00028509038,0.00035320842,0.00045646974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918145,0.00017383958,0.00012522812,0.0004317191,0.0000019793752,0.00008576868],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003553219,0.00012958245,0.00013795198,0.0000022091253,0.0010511731,0.00004646909,0.0005316338,0.00001035157,0.0037340203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020362573,0.00010329091,0.00006999132,0.00050802174,0.00010384906,0.00007734357,0.00051535695,0.00022986268,0.0019466437],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001882928,0.000034378325,0.26069883,0.0000031338664,0.000020775331,0.000024139548,0.00019269307,0.101343974,0.000020270116,0.000015374166,0.38956875,0.24805886],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013002739,0.00015482225,0.43280098,0.0000023584641,0.0000068657155,0.000011641539,0.00019496732,0.05492945,0.000005992162,0.00002499746,0.5115463,0.00019155344],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018285388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022637848,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2478673,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030691203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008398711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99883044},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286250575","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4171","title":"Biogeographic features mediate marine subsidies to island food webs","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Raincoast Conservation Foundation; Tula Foundation; University of Victoria; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Hakai Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Tula Foundation","keywords":"Food web; Ecology; Trophic level; Marine ecosystem; Detritivore; Ecosystem; Context (archaeology); Biology; Fauna; Geography; Environmental science","score_opus":0.003795708517314433,"score_gpt":0.18656655596133304,"score_spread":0.1827708474440186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4286250575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8889339,0.00011456765,0.00000977943,0.0010711729,0.00025311924,0.00016342425,0.000026755213,0.000045394376,0.10938189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9895454,0.00003603289,0.000601425,0.0012382724,0.000049580667,0.00011678946,0.00002297423,0.000017776934,0.008371765],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987952,0.00008616703,0.00015588055,0.00034374688,0.00028508191,0.00033388357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948734,0.000043928838,0.00005506054,0.00032118155,0.0000044738485,0.000088035245],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022683697,0.00013056159,0.0001781966,0.00003592078,0.00031898505,0.000020656964,0.00042764773,0.000035846213,0.13806549],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032904838,0.00012504047,0.00008874672,0.0006010081,0.00006989994,0.00006690739,0.0012485685,0.00018171532,0.0022200416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023771461,0.00008709957,0.5770078,0.0000027381525,0.00006780979,0.00002788108,0.00032885987,0.0042418498,0.0002523095,0.000118909,0.41504014,0.0028008823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002739001,0.00042113272,0.72588784,8.9605186e-7,0.000032722754,0.000019092178,0.00031889125,0.00008832673,0.00040962044,0.0018613852,0.2704275,0.00025865957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028241286,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.049930405,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14888012,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010853929,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000069052876,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99855685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286252215","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4185","title":"Too many to count: Using orthophotography to census an unharvested beaver (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) population in Ontario","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry","funders":"","keywords":"Beaver; Census; Castor canadensis; Abundance (ecology); Geography; Wildlife; Population; Aerial survey; Ecology; Biology; Cartography; Demography","score_opus":0.018416270754604173,"score_gpt":0.21326128650287438,"score_spread":0.1948450157482702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4286252215","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99710923,0.000007653838,0.000005244651,0.00021660331,0.00026303274,0.00028628678,0.00005093178,0.000018889581,0.002042132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99493885,4.9745194e-7,0.0014556826,0.0018778924,0.000009400947,0.00001275587,0.000026694855,0.000006137197,0.001672059],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903756,0.000058889807,0.00012969467,0.00031734706,0.0001889023,0.00026759141],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967587,0.0000137992265,0.000036884427,0.000149013,0.000005558854,0.000118847885],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013691925,0.00010679938,0.00012949826,0.000035670644,0.00047135353,0.000013786241,0.00015382246,0.000038332993,0.004998085],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000075716653,0.00012173835,0.00003351066,0.000381817,0.000023221137,0.00012244198,0.0003304512,0.00015382058,0.00013974504],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000047655634,0.000057411442,0.96702164,0.0000011443834,0.000007821138,0.000045442524,0.0012349952,0.011834781,0.00016296204,0.000004974696,0.01941933,0.00016185414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001719055,0.00012220425,0.964992,0.0000022446743,0.000009997806,0.000004737949,0.00079470937,0.00008689828,0.000010777798,0.00001772073,0.033627044,0.00015974465],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.63239384,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9862858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.353892,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013722439,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021099986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4290739521","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4174","title":"Multi‐image flock size estimation with <scp>CountEm</scp>: A case study with half a million Common Eiders and Greater Snow Geese","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Universidad de Cantabria","keywords":"Flock; Snow; Range (aeronautics); Abundance (ecology); Sample (material); Population; Statistics; Ecology; Estimation; Eider; Physical geography; Geography; Environmental science; Biology; Mathematics; Meteorology; Engineering; Demography","score_opus":0.01444815364399792,"score_gpt":0.23202428521257829,"score_spread":0.21757613156858036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4290739521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99173933,0.00003573767,0.00010745226,0.00012829968,0.000040116596,0.00065683154,0.000074393836,0.00007281298,0.0071450365],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99681246,0.000004852267,0.0010591211,0.00017060853,0.0000075664325,0.00018410973,0.000036781876,0.000026361085,0.0016981224],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986901,0.000093753166,0.00015997075,0.00040284122,0.00036504972,0.00028822946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999412,0.00007935965,0.00009776086,0.00027491487,0.00001305495,0.00012291991],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017202065,0.00020629689,0.00017840878,0.000012198893,0.0005286725,0.00009733563,0.00012378128,0.000030039806,0.021336531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027466158,0.00016297957,0.000025569429,0.00028602825,0.00013668125,0.0002565624,0.00021318972,0.0001739467,0.0003030504],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038325737,0.0030538423,0.8467403,0.000091020986,0.00021057377,0.012637291,0.027943546,0.0071180672,0.001259057,0.000014107504,0.09547419,0.005074735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006479742,0.0028290167,0.68403536,0.000030238154,0.00015731239,0.004436002,0.26479948,0.024746912,0.00036868567,0.000011457474,0.011672501,0.00043330347],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049279933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028578019,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23685592,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042709472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009097587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9891479},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293168931","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4213","title":"Rapid colonization of the post‐burn environment improves egg survival in pyrophilic ground beetles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"SaskWater; Water Security Agency; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Entomological Society of Canada","keywords":"Predation; Soil water; Ecology; Biology; Habitat; Prescribed burn; Environmental science","score_opus":0.004882556465915824,"score_gpt":0.17578580073083633,"score_spread":0.1709032442649205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293168931","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927429,0.00021960537,0.000006768306,0.00029086144,0.00045934328,0.00053521246,0.000023193861,0.000016513644,0.0057055834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987994,0.000018435174,0.000049229773,0.00008653406,0.000025433845,0.00007437166,0.0000091471575,0.000022739128,0.0009147369],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984861,0.00029329737,0.00027276683,0.0002834664,0.00043802583,0.00022636958],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99933577,0.0000809058,0.00016559893,0.00037750535,0.0000027108567,0.000037541336],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045524526,0.00012767568,0.00016732693,0.000012049334,0.00017703445,0.0000133186695,0.00042538613,0.000040409665,0.009476141],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034936496,0.00010801193,0.000065601125,0.00026339878,0.00009929919,0.00011955887,0.00055090216,0.00017200508,0.00024337949],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025063456,0.0018834888,0.40840745,0.00018897731,0.000096518466,0.000048595084,0.00572304,0.062844224,0.4229878,0.00047090903,0.013726691,0.0833717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047140813,0.0002772947,0.9765131,0.000009064026,0.00000890733,0.000006263108,0.00044401723,0.004996226,0.0015136291,0.00014622843,0.015433836,0.00018006722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021336973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013673675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56810564,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00048897846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014657285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9914293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293237332","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4216","title":"Evidence of reduced abundance, density, and survival of coyotes under federal management for red wolf recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Georgia","keywords":"Canis; Biology; Ecology; Population; Wildlife; Relative species abundance; Hybrid; Abundance (ecology); Introgression; Endangered species; Geography; Habitat; Demography; Agronomy","score_opus":0.022320834769232474,"score_gpt":0.23829549063436206,"score_spread":0.2159746558651296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293237332","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99335593,0.000096109325,0.00029820536,0.0008462431,0.00019223301,0.00025928114,0.000004672146,0.000009371191,0.0049379477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953178,0.000051070394,0.001686103,0.00021210092,0.000009504202,0.00004188923,0.000003935753,0.000006107928,0.0026714518],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993247,0.00006117143,0.00017452205,0.00018871701,0.00013637615,0.00011451577],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995624,0.00014731658,0.00012511504,0.00013513288,0.000008205974,0.000021821494],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032712272,0.000063183164,0.00012825776,0.000008212899,0.00016867105,0.0000059262948,0.0001198419,0.000027272046,0.002017993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027045155,0.000069575006,0.000035813668,0.00010393203,0.00008144352,0.0001236176,0.00024192261,0.00005301351,0.0000075114117],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010401529,0.00027189424,0.8601667,0.00019729142,0.00013845999,0.0000059285735,0.00030256156,0.009626696,0.008159602,0.0022664133,0.10746208,0.010362183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000371754,0.00024945103,0.9904436,0.000024753088,0.000019766932,0.0000024989542,0.00036994362,0.000391156,0.00097357103,0.0064824345,0.00057803956,0.000093019815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007666313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037844334,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13027687,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068098685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010725487,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988943},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295063249","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4218","title":"Scale‐dependent responses of understory vegetation to the physical structure of undisturbed tundra shrub patches","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Global Water Futures; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; ArcticNet; Polar Knowledge Canada","keywords":"Abiotic component; Tundra; Ecotone; Ecology; Shrub; Vegetation (pathology); Understory; Environmental science; Community structure; Plant community; Snow; Ecosystem; Canopy; Species richness; Physical geography; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.022282087186137393,"score_gpt":0.23300348409727165,"score_spread":0.21072139691113426,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295063249","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99475765,0.00042566494,0.000005252756,0.00051765586,0.00027647568,0.00014771595,0.0018947046,0.000008573403,0.001966299],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990272,0.000010708714,0.000028413839,0.00018328545,0.00008864392,0.0000014324246,0.00026918817,0.0000034743068,0.00038764946],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991756,0.00012959325,0.00013771214,0.0001404248,0.0002865267,0.00013016378],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994801,0.00018685205,0.000085415995,0.00018265516,0.00002224134,0.000042686097],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012230409,0.00008056041,0.00014081408,0.000019089464,0.00016066214,0.000011633028,0.00021603826,0.000020827174,0.008068457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001484006,0.000052637195,0.00005591272,0.00016961394,0.000052623956,0.00005607629,0.000032301967,0.00011199852,0.000044634744],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00207108,0.0002891383,0.6877373,0.0004461716,0.00019078788,0.000030236515,0.08375492,0.08092228,0.04158237,0.00019748152,0.047218338,0.055559885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027812555,0.00046000959,0.9735276,0.000017087394,0.000032812917,0.000008856915,0.012815461,0.0013122265,0.0038151932,0.0011065473,0.006456576,0.000169472],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019895965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04990817,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28579032,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010461726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044528315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9928383},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295066362","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4222","title":"Effects of urbanization on specialist insect communities of milkweed are mediated by spatial and temporal variation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"College of Family Physicians of Canada; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; E.W.R. Steacie Memorial Fund","keywords":"Herbivore; Urbanization; Ecology; Biodiversity; Habitat; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Biological dispersal; Niche; Species richness; Geography; Population","score_opus":0.017941714990657893,"score_gpt":0.17056568178475134,"score_spread":0.15262396679409346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295066362","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99840254,0.00027671512,6.5376184e-7,0.00012251262,0.000037821195,0.000095739364,0.00023695787,0.000010425151,0.00081661483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999618,0.000051892923,0.0000044683015,0.000039533898,0.000053770294,0.0000057824955,0.00014229033,5.149181e-7,0.000083772284],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999577,0.0000851231,0.00010567924,0.000059153917,0.000113602815,0.00005947514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961203,0.00021451588,0.00012714892,0.000009899347,0.000022978284,0.00001344033],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006222576,0.00005644591,0.00012715838,0.0000031021243,0.00018470133,0.00000648711,0.00006718233,0.000021203048,0.0004565488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000026243615,0.000026118358,0.00001860564,0.000110925765,0.000026436088,0.000020087115,0.00005688168,0.00005143947,0.0000015162959],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037513042,0.00050806376,0.4149343,0.000102523234,0.00006767364,0.000004088143,0.0015025896,0.000012126052,0.53325707,0.00036314494,0.044154543,0.004718703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017721228,0.0005064106,0.9920974,0.000015614643,0.000007490674,3.8405204e-7,0.000620021,0.000058147063,0.003173436,0.00007850749,0.0032020856,0.00006333032],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0030354096,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006822711,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57716304,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010121744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000019614083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4998889},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4295413859","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4236","title":"Red foxes enhance long‐term tree growth near the Arctic treeline","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Winnipeg; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Churchill Northern Studies Centre; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Ecology; Vulpes; Ecosystem; Subarctic climate; Arctic; Biology; Predation","score_opus":0.011910394023389606,"score_gpt":0.22155051358106176,"score_spread":0.20964011955767214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4295413859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9781017,0.0019640573,0.00001865532,0.0030994501,0.00045242027,0.00019545681,0.00010283429,0.00011348664,0.01595198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942521,0.00008602775,0.0003560539,0.0003285986,0.00013040379,0.000008331703,0.000073707735,0.000009705056,0.0047550597],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852926,0.00022821403,0.00021434143,0.00030678502,0.00034167749,0.00037974754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99904937,0.00036763813,0.00009755053,0.00037186834,0.000023960369,0.00008959785],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003271446,0.00015890138,0.00016386257,0.000016908742,0.0008723468,0.00014973868,0.00054923084,0.000030367006,0.03562803],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010799622,0.00011433714,0.00009204189,0.00030730994,0.00014804496,0.00013455313,0.00005981836,0.0002700618,0.0010438912],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047149768,0.00007671206,0.8412874,0.000060246133,0.0000669186,0.0001886018,0.00068161555,0.0042267973,0.00008314831,0.00004670653,0.031207569,0.1216028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023181952,0.00021488748,0.98286843,0.000011642994,0.00001900884,0.000054932778,0.000115623516,0.0021633431,0.000105466155,0.00033571495,0.013700672,0.00017845079],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021317527,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.031251438,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14158106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000152953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008550644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997339},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297828458","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4227","title":"Negative effects of agricultural intensification on the food provisioning rate of a declining aerial insectivore","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université de Sherbrooke","keywords":"Insectivore; Fledge; Provisioning; Ecology; Biology; Forage; Agriculture; Abundance (ecology); Geography; Habitat; Predation","score_opus":0.010749065288747825,"score_gpt":0.2102347560613097,"score_spread":0.19948569077256187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297828458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977891,0.000007853128,0.000009095564,0.00015605839,0.00018471245,0.0003239575,0.00000389459,0.000009143131,0.0015161871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953926,6.9545257e-7,0.00011581198,0.00008608152,0.000014158566,0.00007297487,0.000002742007,0.000004485269,0.00016379188],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993126,0.00022071907,0.00014062601,0.00013860557,0.00009357116,0.00009388181],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931663,0.00037243334,0.00017431579,0.00011125118,0.000009600452,0.00001579614],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023243175,0.00006422594,0.000099175006,0.0000047372014,0.00019347033,0.0000031786833,0.00014486948,0.000027701959,0.0018735798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023347184,0.000040713137,0.000042009884,0.00015350875,0.00009747614,0.00005388568,0.0001363765,0.00015772582,0.000039604052],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011937016,0.0016361877,0.546147,0.00008271769,0.00015841932,0.0000154738,0.023853801,0.012914367,0.35945514,0.0013712229,0.026297137,0.026874823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025064542,0.0006836092,0.9461361,0.000012957197,0.000013199201,0.0000018649059,0.0016100724,0.000028716322,0.05100688,0.000168188,0.000035777386,0.000051960225],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000028915476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010429558,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39998913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006565505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000086530945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990388},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306399776","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4255","title":"Wildfire evacuation patterns and syndromes across Canada's forested regions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Thompson Rivers University; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Geography; Climate change; Land cover; Disturbance (geology); Land use; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Environmental science; Biology; Computer science; Computer security","score_opus":0.006483561180054541,"score_gpt":0.20430110622379996,"score_spread":0.1978175450437454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306399776","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99623275,0.0000722615,0.000028879664,0.00066305976,0.00027266762,0.00027712045,0.000078912926,0.00004308067,0.0023312566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978047,0.000004487287,0.00003285944,0.00023349395,0.000018818819,0.00009512242,0.000027252423,0.000019064693,0.0017642156],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99889094,0.00008723549,0.00013766374,0.00027631485,0.0003358296,0.00027204596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995358,0.00005796288,0.00007328312,0.0002383937,0.000002010912,0.00009257194],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018077553,0.00010988325,0.00011596993,0.0000027454264,0.00047809168,0.000029899998,0.00018043797,0.000025004623,0.0035616062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022466687,0.00011384207,0.000022160251,0.00014149207,0.000027261576,0.000122007,0.0002877253,0.00012809428,0.00008339729],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014523045,0.000058483718,0.7211954,0.00003283708,0.000027787042,0.00014442348,0.00087644474,0.0018062278,0.00013586323,0.000022500128,0.24256812,0.033117414],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029141296,0.00008389524,0.92662,0.0000113402,0.000006663563,0.0001171626,0.0006357975,0.010011323,0.00003733133,0.00005512854,0.06193124,0.00019868276],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6938265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9470479,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25322142,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00053042086,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026594747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99734926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307283108","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4268","title":"Using successional drivers to understand spatiotemporal dynamics in intertidal mudflat communities","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University; University of Victoria; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fonds en Fiducie pour la Faune du Nouveau-Brunswick; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Nature Conservancy of Canada; Mount Allison University; Mitacs; University of New Brunswick; Employment and Social Development Canada; University of Victoria","keywords":"Ecological succession; Intertidal zone; Ecology; Biological dispersal; Disturbance (geology); Habitat; Ecosystem; Predation; Competition (biology); Community; Biology; Population","score_opus":0.031910470642932974,"score_gpt":0.23119189315923866,"score_spread":0.19928142251630568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307283108","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.930364,0.00002846163,0.00014588387,0.00026006435,0.00019931192,0.00007495415,0.00015177717,0.00001345309,0.068762064],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99759537,0.0000036750234,0.0003466819,0.00039769942,0.000020362077,4.587023e-7,0.00044225703,0.0000022070394,0.0011912804],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993625,0.00010044629,0.00013065294,0.000104840095,0.000117115684,0.00018440411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975604,0.000057982994,0.00003412087,0.00008968637,0.000007275794,0.000054914344],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011699152,0.00007883298,0.00010581072,0.000042817734,0.00020603041,0.000023988461,0.000205163,0.000026337562,0.019969577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000034085356,0.00007511366,0.000023876475,0.00015322266,0.000030081288,0.00009562199,0.00010842263,0.00019590672,0.00004592557],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015070179,0.000021623862,0.9211257,0.0000086592,0.000009857152,0.00005354155,0.0007512544,0.047998227,0.0000038872117,0.00044053808,0.0033277979,0.02610821],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006250878,0.0005227414,0.18263848,0.000027654805,0.0000069860093,0.00007718568,0.09680426,0.7007976,0.000010205854,0.0017478634,0.016292453,0.00044948576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07452673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5912872,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73848724,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000047027617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005219998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9809263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308908070","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4272","title":"Winter and summer storms modify chlorophyll relationships with nutrients in seasonally ice‐covered lakes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Nutrient; Algae; Snow; Chlorophyll a; Winter storm; Storm; Oceanography; Atmospheric sciences; Ecology; Biology; Geography; Geology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.014113987700758465,"score_gpt":0.1816790362215016,"score_spread":0.16756504852074314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308908070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9386956,0.00042976934,0.000009964305,0.00014533637,0.00012002309,0.00017375669,0.00011967946,0.000020193924,0.060285684],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99466264,0.000012912584,0.00006943052,0.00011823469,0.000041576513,0.000008005488,0.00012162057,0.0000051640204,0.0049603838],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990649,0.00008965472,0.00015323618,0.00024221999,0.00023821679,0.00021175767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996417,0.000062124294,0.00006035172,0.00013303524,0.000015582784,0.00008721031],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002015773,0.00011225007,0.000137908,0.000027729782,0.00021589464,0.00005131036,0.00013050516,0.00003038563,0.007704801],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000108578015,0.00009025381,0.000023428776,0.00021527211,0.00002143299,0.00021728988,0.0000384555,0.00027441632,0.00014208321],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014476205,0.000026320156,0.98933244,0.000018383063,0.000012765113,0.000034078013,0.00021150865,0.0029734434,0.000001098329,0.000055562345,0.0037823583,0.0034072858],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006244879,0.00021803356,0.94740754,0.000015441818,0.000006255347,0.00002481735,0.0010339782,0.008032871,0.0000022220092,0.00027526225,0.04218777,0.00017130365],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015986243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09453837,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09293974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010779953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046362115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99320227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310278146","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4275","title":"Reduction in biomass of freshwater arctic vegetation by foraging and nesting hyperabundant herbivores shows recovery","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Arctic Goose Joint Venture; Natural Resources Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Ecology; Herbivore; Foraging; Biomass (ecology); Biology; Graminoid; Vegetation (pathology); Nest (protein structural motif); Forb; Grassland","score_opus":0.017440731098716234,"score_gpt":0.2088536589312389,"score_spread":0.19141292783252264,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310278146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99466324,0.0036327315,0.0000026426728,0.00018796333,0.00025945282,0.00008825463,0.00020444291,0.000010122072,0.0009511469],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910945,0.00006521412,0.00013057604,0.00004641952,0.0000391249,0.0000029208616,0.00044542828,0.00000362283,0.00015724712],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993863,0.00005487586,0.00015640422,0.00015297937,0.0001055587,0.00014387973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978465,0.000050291124,0.00006173214,0.00006425433,0.000010270497,0.000028786151],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001931966,0.00006727228,0.0000992134,0.0000315836,0.00012434361,0.000026384852,0.00005407505,0.000020012088,0.0046883593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009872147,0.00006429671,0.000018921437,0.00013671734,0.000022434451,0.0001800153,0.000014661427,0.00008676932,0.000011402223],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008848848,0.00003321304,0.9418332,0.0003005285,0.000012369267,0.000018732871,0.0025827398,0.004708519,0.019869497,0.0000035032494,0.003620654,0.026928537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014825894,0.0007673813,0.8932874,0.0003015886,0.00003989681,0.0003058581,0.011454963,0.07086784,0.006017058,0.0029453824,0.011821181,0.000708843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013185641,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.056976967,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06615932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010031778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000111043755,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9962215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4311427708","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4309","title":"Grassland bird population declines at three Breeding Bird Survey spatial scales in contrast to a large native prairie","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Alberta Environment and Protected Areas","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Breeding bird survey; Grassland; Threatened species; Bird conservation; Geography; Wildlife; Ecoregion; Population; Ecology; Habitat; Agriculture; Biome; Ecosystem; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.016895693539425105,"score_gpt":0.2545975746920429,"score_spread":0.2377018811526178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4311427708","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99831545,0.00001942462,0.00023269522,0.00032061234,0.00027646206,0.00037643232,0.000089406705,0.00007420485,0.00029529087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991637,0.0000011013385,0.00014028561,0.00014761611,0.00003620369,0.00008400981,0.000034059784,0.000027875865,0.00036514705],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875796,0.00015195092,0.00022365371,0.0003303361,0.0002161966,0.00031992796],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995917,0.00011678538,0.00008603165,0.00011993237,0.0000070609576,0.00007848327],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005542222,0.00012755216,0.00017247577,0.00002276727,0.00037556616,0.000013554547,0.00018088717,0.00006493297,0.0070990124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000101304264,0.0001270511,0.000035676698,0.0002998996,0.00004682717,0.00013126984,0.00040711183,0.00017231207,0.0007942758],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000094546835,0.0001303883,0.9913918,0.0000014050662,0.000003969337,0.000017653287,0.00012119624,0.00070796727,0.00013539741,0.0000057156017,0.0052832584,0.0021066947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005935708,0.00014135486,0.99786884,0.000003710788,0.0000055462183,0.000005176892,0.00008409757,0.00039938648,0.000029345936,0.00015929234,0.0005443519,0.00016531313],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007574332,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.92893606,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92136174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041179796,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008556023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313217527","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4316","title":"Rapid shifts in migration routes and breeding latitude in North American bluebirds","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Brandon University; Thompson Rivers University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Population; Ecology; Habitat; Geography; Biology; Hummingbird; Bird migration; Demography","score_opus":0.008315861142401258,"score_gpt":0.20900717979283115,"score_spread":0.20069131865042988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313217527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99798214,0.000033366283,0.0000026985545,0.00032216738,0.000040297084,0.00010084547,0.0000036500285,0.0000129331975,0.0015019078],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99920005,0.000016967222,0.0003610949,0.00016739736,0.000007962666,0.000036096357,0.000005265191,0.000005625246,0.00019955344],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994422,0.00004436438,0.00010857937,0.00017375425,0.00008200532,0.00014905038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999844,0.000021345846,0.000040602128,0.00006524612,6.636342e-7,0.00002813744],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011014134,0.00006011733,0.00008581951,0.0000136003055,0.00008706906,0.000007555369,0.00008453699,0.000014587396,0.0041725854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000076892875,0.00006433964,0.00001095009,0.00029761327,0.00007210655,0.000121476296,0.000134575,0.00014968192,0.00007876087],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000075537814,0.00005746569,0.98098904,7.814181e-7,7.696778e-7,0.000016659644,0.00069734716,0.0011019155,0.00007302531,0.0000024093729,0.0006274865,0.016425569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001739974,0.00010251464,0.9975931,9.866532e-7,0.0000021231726,0.00000188845,0.0004807754,0.00040024033,0.000012891687,0.000018842267,0.001134879,0.000077781115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011779024,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.32941136,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32823345,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014099569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005092233,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9967377},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4313325258","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4332","title":"No stress memory pattern was detected in sugar maple and white spruce seedlings subjected to experimental droughts","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"","keywords":"Maple; Sugar; Herbaceous plant; Stress (linguistics); Ecological succession; Tree (set theory); Drought stress; Biology; Botany; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00740232303875943,"score_gpt":0.1945067565993157,"score_spread":0.18710443356055628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4313325258","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99754983,0.0003400072,4.5658302e-7,0.0002591491,0.00013704484,0.00021875605,0.00034283238,0.000051563427,0.0011003296],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973088,0.000014805542,0.000032853244,0.0002489702,0.00008604488,0.000056577403,0.000059463648,0.0000018620616,0.0021906595],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989509,0.000090933594,0.00015975663,0.0003345045,0.0001787594,0.00028517377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997115,0.00007078736,0.00004645068,0.000053349613,0.000018436278,0.00009944166],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006038153,0.00013861214,0.00016007325,0.000008227295,0.00022408264,0.000047987793,0.00019942921,0.000040766045,0.003808372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012800979,0.000069981725,0.000031450214,0.00026930537,0.000016052485,0.000068956324,0.00020022139,0.00014796434,0.000059932878],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012526865,0.000612647,0.12961248,0.00003322979,0.000032988668,0.0004771204,0.0019970767,0.00051830336,0.80802685,0.000006774165,0.01672875,0.040701095],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007276523,0.0006759571,0.926665,0.00005531182,0.0000046801697,0.000041858606,0.0028020402,0.0010587798,0.039712995,0.000011619351,0.027709477,0.0005346028],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013908477,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007196306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79705256,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004069296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000063530692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99710226},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4315647233","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4342","title":"Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; York University; University of British Columbia; University of Manitoba; McGill University; University of Victoria; McMaster University","funders":"National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; Natural Environment Research Council; Sight Research UK; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Equity (law); Sociology; Engineering ethics; Environmental resource management; Political science; Engineering; Biology; Environmental science","score_opus":0.020693859038577476,"score_gpt":0.28592930112216597,"score_spread":0.2652354420835885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4315647233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9850598,0.00003989565,0.000003748919,0.00025206638,0.000088947956,0.00029998083,0.000014738497,0.000019343697,0.014221479],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977293,0.00013775051,0.00032901726,0.000014570452,0.00001467591,0.00011915742,9.988537e-7,0.000008649038,0.0016458749],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99875647,0.000040074607,0.00012583022,0.0003652204,0.00024419776,0.00046818226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993839,0.0003582912,0.00002062578,0.00015897164,0.0000025792444,0.00007562542],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013933815,0.00006744746,0.00009756683,0.000057728354,0.00032409662,0.000039833143,0.00026605485,0.000048018712,0.00034154445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009069642,0.00006175143,0.000016272172,0.00046901766,0.00072285277,0.00015715335,0.00035327565,0.00008797351,0.00061055616],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044295564,0.00013416262,0.89347833,0.00013569967,0.000007675181,0.00006664643,0.0014993933,0.0031312306,0.038544454,0.0026129065,0.00977131,0.050573897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019276065,0.000089090885,0.937445,0.000027925618,0.0000017622318,0.000008365264,0.0019267892,0.05197134,0.0011673609,0.0032910446,0.003718954,0.0001596329],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001442692,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012974299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050414264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022737747,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026933589,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7847668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317492698","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4376","title":"Revealing large‐scale parasite ranges: An integrated spatiotemporal database and multisource analysis of the winter tick","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Vector-borne infectious diseases","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of Northwest Territories; Yukon Department of Environment; The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Parasite hosting; Scale (ratio); Ecology; Geography; Biology; Cartography; Computer science; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.012345615090380306,"score_gpt":0.26019907337946524,"score_spread":0.24785345828908492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317492698","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99769557,0.00069139956,0.00021052411,0.00008798056,0.00019147042,0.00015844796,0.00061079423,0.00011318227,0.00024061151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975241,0.000039728697,0.00006184686,0.000099964294,0.0000152076955,0.000010723304,0.0008055986,0.000016325586,0.0014265073],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989635,0.00026754572,0.00023419473,0.00027411076,0.000032962045,0.00022768891],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992384,0.00010866138,0.0001251665,0.00043799766,0.000061950865,0.00002787677],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021935729,0.0001350362,0.00028363298,0.00007310909,0.00016122081,0.000014502485,0.0001683107,0.00011221748,0.0016899137],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009651749,0.00009845981,0.00012626531,0.0007473662,0.00012878819,0.000097830845,0.000110467,0.00017025706,0.00021587242],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001777172,0.0003353595,0.91203445,0.000061021285,0.0025975255,0.000010397989,0.0031473967,0.00074108853,0.044440933,0.00003771185,0.03329848,0.0031179413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011639566,0.00009143678,0.973214,0.0000737272,0.0011085368,0.000007927082,0.0022250097,0.0025602137,0.008862593,0.000016562453,0.010447323,0.00022872693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006356627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0068731112,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06117956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020071406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026842776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992227},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317884678","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4392","title":"Landscape and site factors drive invasive <scp><i>Phragmites</i></scp> management and native plant recovery across Chesapeake Bay wetlands","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research; Society of Wetland Scientists; Garden Club of America; Delta Waterfowl; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; Utah State University; Smithsonian Institution","keywords":"Phragmites; Vegetation (pathology); Wetland; Native plant; Invasive species; Ecology; Plant community; Introduced species; Species richness; Chesapeake bay; Environmental science; Geography; Biology; Estuary","score_opus":0.006132109317213746,"score_gpt":0.19326203426277874,"score_spread":0.187129924945565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317884678","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96151024,0.00008189107,0.000038111353,0.00004694889,0.0002074969,0.00039385978,0.0005010101,0.00013339023,0.037087046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98721826,0.0008701109,0.00014686064,0.000093048606,0.000042765474,0.000038248152,0.00028557976,0.000041806652,0.011263339],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811417,0.00005113985,0.00026797713,0.0006432287,0.00031207662,0.0006114162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989385,0.000419065,0.00013401305,0.00027155652,0.000008567407,0.00022831857],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027423157,0.0003182171,0.00030646272,0.00003459269,0.0002999808,0.00015615155,0.00019382646,0.00012806596,0.00042023286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006964851,0.0002771486,0.0000643172,0.00040299678,0.00009773212,0.0003326695,0.0009841683,0.00018345195,0.0009768795],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022740533,0.000041478244,0.9453869,0.0001566957,0.00011477933,0.00017182004,0.005100996,0.0010073417,0.00017357654,0.000034306955,0.045587953,0.0022013967],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000901746,0.0001712437,0.9676395,0.000102363825,0.000036495276,0.000031551004,0.007373002,0.004554673,0.0002650788,0.0005180099,0.0181474,0.0002589589],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001197409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020361513,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027440554,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010578648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007100595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99996805},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4317914309","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4399","title":"Continental synchrony and local responses: Climatic effects on spatiotemporal patterns of calving in a social ungulate","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Island Health; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Government of Nunavut; Government of Northwest Territories","funders":"Israel Institute for Biological Research; National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center; Alaska Department of Fish and Game; National Park Service; Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ice calving; Ungulate; Geography; Population; Arctic; Snow; Ecology; Environmental science; Physical geography; Fishery; Habitat; Biology; Demography; Meteorology; Lactation","score_opus":0.007812755632201945,"score_gpt":0.23229384143148826,"score_spread":0.22448108579928633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4317914309","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984392,0.00000593619,0.000060922903,0.00046749672,0.000067142944,0.0001597058,0.0000051278453,0.000024666902,0.0007697904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999357,0.0000035453586,0.000041356245,0.00019328094,0.0000221212,0.000014778674,0.000007998596,0.0000074400737,0.00035247923],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931455,0.00010918775,0.00016173984,0.0001587571,0.00009828457,0.00015745702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996478,0.00019515483,0.00006319445,0.00006676892,0.0000019927038,0.000025121319],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023224892,0.00007552223,0.00012798604,0.000018736057,0.00007022316,0.000006017691,0.00005744302,0.00007200006,0.0005347359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004926567,0.000075695825,0.000023008828,0.00014257619,0.00006824489,0.00007820486,0.00007272017,0.00008607792,0.00028055988],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006966066,0.000028862341,0.9900558,0.00004306339,0.000005061472,0.000029228166,0.00045739044,0.00013217646,0.0002401595,0.000047863665,0.0024924825,0.0063982727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050933,0.00009632861,0.9934685,0.000052293584,0.0000046003997,0.0000013508825,0.00018567996,0.0051208767,0.00020584709,0.00022636585,0.000054960692,0.000073815914],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032846277,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014419991,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006324457,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000072685325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008215387,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58549833},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4318163937","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4356","title":"Factors affecting the occupancy of Chinese pangolins (<i>Manis pentadactyla</i>) suggest a highly specialized ecological niche","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"Idea Wild","keywords":"Burrow; Habitat; Ecology; Pangolin; Transect; Occupancy; Canopy; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.019934502999108594,"score_gpt":0.2514437730805018,"score_spread":0.23150927008139321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4318163937","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97710043,0.000014898307,0.0000061354426,0.00080623,0.00033066547,0.0002879154,0.000011727804,0.00011791381,0.021324094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973314,0.000021035643,0.000053216056,0.00031629758,0.00008986377,0.000019304747,0.000020958807,0.000013734709,0.0021342125],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988079,0.00014953039,0.00025906408,0.00027633694,0.00019671833,0.00031041584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892086,0.00058122154,0.00016216979,0.00026973872,0.000007633357,0.000058356967],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035616354,0.00016862746,0.00022256386,0.000012212838,0.0002933665,0.000019798776,0.00034197065,0.00012782602,0.010038838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027432034,0.000103379985,0.000121477075,0.00055442523,0.00015957892,0.00014356207,0.00023846744,0.00019693574,0.0018785194],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017312583,0.0000770984,0.9687232,0.000004972647,0.000016609258,0.0000065891168,0.0005739189,0.00013857003,0.00040027165,0.000072710325,0.029698987,0.00026980316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028469512,0.00007848634,0.9954994,0.0000039468046,0.000013310379,0.0000018600228,0.00041362076,0.00016761082,0.00021979005,0.000680381,0.002515524,0.000121396515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003220004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0051606526,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027183462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000076585035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018304001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988986},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4319785929","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4341","title":"Spatiotemporal risk factors predict landscape‐scale survivorship for a northern ungulate","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Conservation Association","funders":"National Fish and Wildlife Foundation","keywords":"Ungulate; Habitat; Environmental science; Snow; Wildlife; Geography; Ecology; Physical geography; Range (aeronautics); Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Climate change; Biology","score_opus":0.009840687307127166,"score_gpt":0.205980650137869,"score_spread":0.19613996283074184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4319785929","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9803967,0.000012796735,0.00030249386,0.0001834113,0.00023888245,0.000334098,0.000089622314,0.00018684163,0.018255169],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902721,0.000020393412,0.00018084401,0.000037637637,0.00009465847,0.000036813322,0.000102115264,0.000024842422,0.009230562],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999037,0.000035055145,0.00015051261,0.0002793975,0.00019313059,0.00030486175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995598,0.00006108301,0.00007089148,0.00021304267,0.000003996936,0.0000911843],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025260134,0.00013373824,0.00012677269,0.000012538982,0.00016602503,0.000034448683,0.00018253004,0.000055083146,0.0023283171],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021518848,0.0001061441,0.00009321514,0.00022274838,0.00003112486,0.000097381264,0.000099511315,0.00006820326,0.0023133957],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001506957,0.000022667982,0.9107119,0.000009852657,0.000015728494,0.0000021004205,0.00031941888,0.0054100803,0.000006137367,0.0000027945644,0.080246545,0.0032377043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003749495,0.000085985375,0.93807214,0.000006953845,0.000018961347,1.695772e-7,0.00027630624,0.010243415,0.000030503359,0.00048321302,0.050242323,0.00016509027],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0020789583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015863126,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.030004226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034645316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000040458544,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320004814","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4378","title":"Sex‐dependent habitat selection modulates risk management by meadow voles","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"Canada Foundation for Innovation; Lakehead University; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Foraging; Territoriality; Predation; Habitat; Ecology; Biology; Population; Selection (genetic algorithm); Geography; Demography","score_opus":0.006166993401253509,"score_gpt":0.21474313311856125,"score_spread":0.20857613971730773,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320004814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9527513,0.00008830718,0.00009551738,0.00014833831,0.00013240044,0.00016886774,0.0000145742915,0.00019456394,0.046406128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95366937,0.00029082005,0.00037068347,0.000054141103,0.000017270691,0.000052484567,0.000008931449,0.000012834595,0.045523442],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908805,0.000037039117,0.0001249839,0.0003058769,0.00016188069,0.00028217776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977714,0.000021640615,0.000050682742,0.00010225694,0.0000033190922,0.00004495749],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001610057,0.00012312768,0.00011236108,0.000009373849,0.0003474174,0.000016146307,0.00012715145,0.00006356627,0.004914364],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000070138026,0.00011182023,0.00004431697,0.0001932342,0.00007910962,0.000102749,0.0002176157,0.0001125545,0.012104326],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009132948,0.000070589114,0.6031729,0.000005814868,0.000039454862,0.00001266289,0.00012027715,0.0013345759,0.00072410353,0.000031436717,0.37702024,0.017458793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002532015,0.000116747375,0.97962815,0.000004374475,0.000054975266,0.0000024698365,0.0007106846,0.0014648294,0.0015136886,0.001008143,0.015023985,0.0002187416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017746088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002220265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37645525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011105124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000013757643,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959953},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4320481122","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4416","title":"Holocene fire regimes, fire‐related plant functional types, and climate in south‐coastal British Columbia forests","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund; Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions","keywords":"Fire regime; Charcoal; Fire ecology; Environmental science; Fire history; Canopy; Ecology; Context (archaeology); Holocene; Climate change; Vegetation (pathology); Physical geography; Geography; Forestry; Ecosystem; Biology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.00535441026780358,"score_gpt":0.1758355052813853,"score_spread":0.17048109501358172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4320481122","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99312717,0.00022584906,7.778058e-7,0.00008189415,0.0003740251,0.00031564277,0.00022333911,0.00019567183,0.0054556527],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916524,0.00008034611,0.00004174169,0.000043167347,0.000039179307,0.000037241283,0.00018210673,0.000036356345,0.007887404],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847615,0.000062326326,0.0002671959,0.00046071666,0.00024975362,0.00048384612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99951524,0.00007252949,0.000083107305,0.00020033764,0.0000045151196,0.00012427654],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032640732,0.00013246595,0.00021017481,0.000008743467,0.00016951333,0.00015115166,0.00013287792,0.00015214787,0.00562566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051006453,0.0001901479,0.00004192685,0.0004133545,0.00008665258,0.00020373212,0.00024810267,0.00019362553,0.0043147528],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018186309,0.000040159088,0.69104975,0.000042250238,0.000014331114,0.00035760982,0.0001496957,0.00071879267,0.000018177163,0.000003017821,0.29469037,0.012897672],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065976556,0.00006919691,0.95641696,0.00010461788,0.000006818429,0.00011940157,0.000063155756,0.03838441,0.0000044142425,0.000103111415,0.0038443676,0.00022374571],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.020288415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20724966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.290846,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009419654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013416588,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964605},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321439338","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4436","title":"The salmonid and the subsurface: Hillslope storage capacity determines the quality and distribution of fish habitat","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental science; Riparian zone; Water storage; Subsurface flow; Hydrology (agriculture); Bedrock; Watershed; Hyporheic zone; Habitat; Ecology; Groundwater; Geology; Surface water; Geomorphology; Inlet","score_opus":0.016025844647668246,"score_gpt":0.23674095290628547,"score_spread":0.22071510825861723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321439338","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98223305,0.000080644364,0.000010202409,0.012847029,0.00010114492,0.0002433029,0.000030549967,0.000020235177,0.004433846],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975549,0.00062696973,0.0000068006207,0.00035017828,0.000009835186,0.000027124595,0.0000042252714,0.000003318823,0.0014166277],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930394,0.0001605702,0.00013731724,0.00013941231,0.00010715521,0.00015162872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991466,0.0005655459,0.00007966354,0.0001858686,0.000006087189,0.000016281965],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010169577,0.00007585051,0.00010625138,0.0000013755168,0.00074128015,0.000025381329,0.00015240315,0.000029036428,0.00009260837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020115342,0.000035161003,0.000025164034,0.000115410505,0.0011600958,0.00007412638,0.00035295245,0.00007844287,0.000039963037],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000655623,0.000018262002,0.37480804,0.000024359286,0.000051308914,0.0000016650991,0.00088218023,0.000113390335,0.000022096237,0.0012774834,0.62013805,0.002597606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023780906,0.000018743054,0.97785,0.0000026362054,0.00001520451,7.735779e-7,0.00060381676,0.0003146361,0.000020842253,0.0020443085,0.018841805,0.000049379454],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026296492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.020765398,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.603042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019375197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001638021,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9971031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321503396","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4336","title":"Colonization of a temperate river by mobile fish following habitat reconnection","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center; School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; Washington Sea Grant, University of Washington; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Western Washington University; University of Washington; Earthwatch Institute","keywords":"Chinook wind; Fish migration; Oncorhynchus; Juvenile; Fishery; Population; Restoration ecology; Habitat; Ecology; Dam removal; Biology; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.0054165698090752066,"score_gpt":0.20544695146757927,"score_spread":0.20003038165850406,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321503396","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9670917,0.000008246322,0.00004612044,0.00034598,0.0002600661,0.00018988922,0.000005528417,0.0000755736,0.031976942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868601,0.000063453794,0.00009544782,0.00026724962,0.000008902147,0.00006684504,0.000022835284,0.0000075415446,0.012607653],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999513,0.000024150371,0.00010578521,0.00015560832,0.00007173008,0.00012973697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998221,0.000033065633,0.00004503981,0.00007980718,0.0000037431987,0.000016244068],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012938617,0.000059258662,0.000088230845,0.000008444782,0.00014566803,0.000005677085,0.00006599374,0.00004054713,0.002762136],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003131598,0.000060433616,0.00003360588,0.0002683051,0.000050199444,0.00015347355,0.00010174435,0.0000351642,0.0014870382],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004831988,0.000022953716,0.15285045,0.0000062176546,0.000022794722,0.000002298509,0.00022831629,0.0010187384,0.00035317717,0.0000055920473,0.8448384,0.0006462383],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00060870807,0.0002977514,0.91468513,0.00001630467,0.00003962516,6.481496e-7,0.00086080004,0.0019946154,0.002209874,0.000642609,0.078418456,0.00022546743],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006109147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022411603,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.76641995,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000046189438,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000017288596,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323314633","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4430","title":"Size‐based changes in trophic ecology and nutritional quality of moon jellyfish (<i>Aurelia labiata</i>)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation; University of British Columbia; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Hakai Institute; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Jellyfish; Zooplankton; Trophic level; Plankton; Gelatinous zooplankton; Biology; Ecology; Phytoplankton; Food web; Nutrient","score_opus":0.014513156391816521,"score_gpt":0.2556624519048444,"score_spread":0.24114929551302786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323314633","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99304426,0.000034370078,0.0000045835154,0.0021706799,0.000073760035,0.00014884208,0.000024600278,0.000029878176,0.0044690035],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976888,0.00009207817,0.0008116443,0.00045890582,0.000025651138,0.00004292411,0.000020242347,0.000010324404,0.0008494843],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998842,0.00016587533,0.0002667196,0.00029983168,0.00016531437,0.00026025152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920607,0.0004272326,0.00010816927,0.0002035845,0.00000922926,0.000045727404],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044129454,0.00010055864,0.00026006915,0.00003066488,0.000047469945,0.0000064096707,0.00016946843,0.00011674574,0.013026108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022419203,0.000105331914,0.000041217878,0.0004749878,0.00018284179,0.000063173014,0.00014337707,0.000111642184,0.00081834034],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053342723,0.00021908167,0.9589926,0.000049538223,0.000017452146,0.000030162782,0.00012018421,0.002610623,0.009506296,0.00018490464,0.027114023,0.0011017934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006818737,0.00008825191,0.9920825,0.000005914318,0.0000082358765,0.0000013241926,0.00007112532,0.0017785719,0.0010288785,0.002103648,0.0020350593,0.00011465786],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003936645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.035799433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03540577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000089328336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014045478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99995965},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323664855","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4456","title":"A win–win between farmers and an apex predator: investigating the relationship between bald eagles and dairy farms","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trinity Western University; Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Wildlife; Bald eagle; Predation; Eagle; Livestock; Human–wildlife conflict; Apex predator; Fishery; Abundance (ecology); Geography; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.04642711649602653,"score_gpt":0.2691314964299195,"score_spread":0.22270437993389297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323664855","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9939185,0.00003671235,0.000023640161,0.0027000755,0.000041507057,0.00020004329,0.000015685679,0.00009603603,0.0029678198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99840885,0.000007364691,0.00039274563,0.00043728953,0.0001144894,0.000021687469,0.000049036247,0.0000136171575,0.0005549124],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990257,0.00014724932,0.00018871496,0.0002941099,0.00012630258,0.00021793034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99892974,0.0006815896,0.000080882215,0.00019099719,0.0000034999512,0.00011327424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051468174,0.00011636084,0.000117139985,0.000011682689,0.00052258087,0.000050246446,0.0001525624,0.00011978598,0.00028286537],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023199302,0.00009508144,0.000017966258,0.0002641702,0.00031581597,0.0003697436,0.00017308346,0.00021133445,0.00033892502],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000013513637,0.0000033337676,0.98574686,0.0000061603196,0.000010077071,7.661313e-7,0.00082040695,0.000038829658,0.000021533806,0.00011660114,0.008595462,0.004638604],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016427954,0.00004221169,0.9908944,0.000012162886,0.000026106172,0.0000011843422,0.00091286795,0.00043759297,0.00001265714,0.0059270565,0.0014488401,0.000120651144],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018387874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00046654738,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0071466216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030643238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013549621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43563086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4323664922","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4446","title":"Little brown bat activity patterns and conservation implications in agricultural landscapes in boreal Yukon, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Wildlife Conservation Society Canada; Yukon University","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; W. Garfield Weston Foundation","keywords":"Myotis lucifugus; Habitat; Ecology; Geography; Wetland; Taiga; Boreal; Population; Occupancy; Forestry; Biology","score_opus":0.014239548264576084,"score_gpt":0.20369706726612874,"score_spread":0.18945751900155267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4323664922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97958046,0.000056265544,4.431029e-8,0.01854108,0.00006259235,0.000099398334,0.00006541069,0.00002621459,0.0015685516],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991568,0.0001228189,0.0000023614257,0.00021475526,0.00003969341,0.000038022987,0.00011083194,3.582879e-7,0.00031439282],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944836,0.000043763142,0.00010082721,0.00017585825,0.00003064753,0.00020053728],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996962,0.00020425757,0.00003124221,0.00002385188,0.000015858139,0.000028584811],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000084616346,0.00007462762,0.000116349285,0.0000043330824,0.000114982744,0.000009902684,0.000065559165,0.00008090112,0.00011284965],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003207598,0.000030667576,0.0000129540485,0.00025715175,0.000021483345,0.00006403953,0.000051965264,0.000093957846,0.000014884676],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061556084,0.000017125965,0.9689007,0.0000032444011,0.0000048358893,0.0000030207632,0.000044117092,0.0000032108173,0.00096766534,0.00007100298,0.024900224,0.005078708],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009677627,0.00002405461,0.9964532,0.0000060002,0.0000016308454,0.0000021928672,0.0004726763,0.000033489057,0.000070233575,0.00014820763,0.0026141177,0.00007740348],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3585746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99622023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6376456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000035094767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013191712,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6456967},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4327609566","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4472","title":"Blooms and flows: Effects of variable hydrology and management on reservoir water quality","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; Global Institute for Water Security; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Mitacs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Global Water Futures; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Environmental science; Water quality; Eutrophication; Hydrology (agriculture); Surface runoff; Inflow; Algal bloom; Bloom; Ecology; Phytoplankton; Oceanography; Nutrient; Geology","score_opus":0.006034018989347521,"score_gpt":0.21686538936118557,"score_spread":0.21083137037183805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4327609566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9654898,0.000028498866,0.000057445664,0.00010177021,0.00009787669,0.0002242244,0.000004921794,0.00002514476,0.033970304],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954881,0.00008640128,0.00057620875,0.00007736336,0.000013132439,0.000021468795,0.00000753518,0.000008996753,0.0037208127],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926287,0.00006515998,0.00015549707,0.00021678739,0.00011370221,0.00018597321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996145,0.00010165318,0.000034946945,0.00019677731,0.0000017046588,0.000050451035],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035986784,0.00008522919,0.00015414151,0.000008958832,0.0000584761,0.000008714953,0.00007744206,0.000053751643,0.00072247186],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010960772,0.00006224354,0.000014326662,0.00007814654,0.000044453103,0.000043087548,0.00020132752,0.000052284267,0.0005022934],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006066819,0.0010197646,0.55238336,0.012509414,0.00088689185,0.00049953413,0.007993228,0.07602606,0.035574775,0.072843716,0.20111752,0.038539052],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003798912,0.0012042221,0.6907695,0.0003799059,0.000116783944,0.000020429115,0.00039075874,0.18125995,0.0050169905,0.04109898,0.074982546,0.0009610056],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003231243,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004196521,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13838615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018141456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":9.973606e-7,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.791056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4327981219","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4463","title":"Video games as a tool for ecological learning: the case of Animal Crossing","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal and Plant Science Education","field":"Psychology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Université de Sherbrooke; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","keywords":"Identification (biology); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Wildlife; Ecology; Video game; Geography; Computer science; Biology; Multimedia","score_opus":0.047355129426916595,"score_gpt":0.35884515444765547,"score_spread":0.31149002502073886,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4327981219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.984306,0.0000674875,0.00004043569,0.0012501348,0.0003701117,0.00017943172,0.000010030911,0.00005689744,0.013719466],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98845047,0.0000025051768,0.00012997241,0.00010441331,0.00015850704,0.00005061748,0.0000071108525,0.00000591823,0.01109046],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935454,0.000063341315,0.0001393017,0.0001805555,0.00004837544,0.00021388198],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99918854,0.0005748232,0.000073798605,0.000101920785,0.00003243284,0.000028465874],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043980376,0.00006358625,0.000091598624,0.000011232553,0.0003070513,0.00005145244,0.000117571806,0.00006831935,0.0049484605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026742145,0.00004120377,0.00005844942,0.00020106332,0.00011535327,0.000053607622,0.000024777273,0.00010808247,0.0012794338],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007982451,0.00033881998,0.03315233,0.00005786283,0.00007564284,0.00067569286,0.035241835,0.00021787871,0.0046736463,0.03803534,0.7987164,0.08801626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007050623,0.0023357375,0.7252638,0.000025862118,0.00004292022,0.0015120716,0.051010374,0.0032307052,0.00045736865,0.0062010735,0.20888169,0.00033337603],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014221645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009040689,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.69211143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010171451,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005314531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4327985098","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4460","title":"Wildfire disturbance reveals evidence of ecosystem resilience and precariousness in a forest–grassland mosaic","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Grassland; Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Plant community; Understory; Disturbance (geology); Tussock; Ecosystem; Agroforestry; Ecology; Grazing; Geography; Ecological succession; Canopy; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.007805742075106992,"score_gpt":0.22580491413931952,"score_spread":0.21799917206421254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4327985098","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99579316,0.0009846138,0.000022612894,0.00012798548,0.00017943648,0.0006603537,0.000016209502,0.00008270312,0.0021329373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983625,0.00014320109,0.00012342879,0.000014085442,0.000022593897,0.00010333939,0.0000033015465,0.000024385277,0.0012031924],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980464,0.00017343304,0.00043901562,0.00055381045,0.00037133959,0.00041600817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987829,0.00042499142,0.00019464764,0.00048347376,0.000006448015,0.00010754697],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085902517,0.0001989819,0.0003717976,0.00003125334,0.00007978561,0.000032789292,0.00038921364,0.000103987666,0.00014977218],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029760343,0.00018164415,0.000045266082,0.0008929001,0.00010372282,0.0004417963,0.00025505756,0.0001416349,0.00057432934],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005029996,0.000028956976,0.975741,0.00036387256,0.0000061636356,0.000044343265,0.0005729759,0.001924241,0.0020259842,0.000014219103,0.014527834,0.004700081],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000305939,0.000120010365,0.97434413,0.0011115958,0.0000065603294,0.000014178885,0.0001022351,0.022361282,0.00024231654,0.00031243693,0.0008586639,0.00022066316],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022724452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028736357,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026463913,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016692317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017191645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9889867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4328054242","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4449","title":"Spatial Bayesian models project shifts in suitable habitat for Pacific Northwest tree species under climate change","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Forest Service; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Habitat; Climate change; Range (aeronautics); Ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Physical geography; Representative Concentration Pathways; Understory; Global change; Temperate rainforest; Ecosystem; Climate model; Biology","score_opus":0.05745564393132108,"score_gpt":0.26192914828115355,"score_spread":0.20447350434983247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4328054242","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7170542,0.00007692712,0.0003249959,0.002100791,0.00041685658,0.0013981669,0.0011228056,0.00027480043,0.2772305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962453,0.00030735193,0.00008416461,0.00018462424,0.000095992815,0.0004851593,0.00046963603,0.000037486043,0.002090249],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982762,0.000032394826,0.00024754848,0.00043293464,0.0002559778,0.00075494597],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995082,0.00005940682,0.00006881079,0.0002626539,0.000009998445,0.000090910486],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002491086,0.00020888654,0.00021800557,0.000036470403,0.00018699099,0.00008151118,0.00022768912,0.00011157214,0.019247133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016123,0.00020081343,0.00010064449,0.0005951526,0.00009105666,0.00041133206,0.00018110074,0.00010496595,0.0028937606],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00052329653,0.0011888996,0.18908198,0.00032063134,0.000051993196,0.000105360756,0.008318547,0.0023986073,0.001169774,0.019843586,0.7525618,0.024435522],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013316203,0.00019901985,0.9277979,0.00004340626,0.00001458268,0.0000020292846,0.014619221,0.017842233,0.000118613374,0.0029864972,0.034492712,0.0005521479],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017839009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.19645298,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.73871595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004937708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011748533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9978826},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4360975663","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4485","title":"Global change risks a threatened species due to alteration of predator–prey dynamics","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Université du Québec à Montréal; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Compute Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université Laval","keywords":"Threatened species; Ecology; Climate change; Trophic cascade; Trophic level; Predation; Global change; Food web; Ecosystem; Boreal; Taiga; Land use, land-use change and forestry; Environmental science; Environmental change; Global warming; Land use; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.038750202686866624,"score_gpt":0.2626737805423369,"score_spread":0.2239235778554703,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4360975663","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9814817,0.000007660217,0.0004221406,0.0011036771,0.00019474525,0.00024481124,0.00006457812,0.00006462088,0.01641612],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99733067,0.000011664407,0.00038590044,0.00037302385,0.00005281264,0.000049553848,0.00004540939,0.0000056669714,0.0017453191],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993839,0.000029923367,0.00013380106,0.00017903352,0.00011472725,0.00015859473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997087,0.000021137837,0.000052350086,0.00016203354,0.000008267785,0.00004751552],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011698169,0.00007589385,0.00010054976,0.00000762019,0.00007456715,0.0000114788945,0.00012779207,0.0000676342,0.0033038217],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032817286,0.00007586804,0.00002828621,0.0003779743,0.000038297807,0.00018027675,0.00011635422,0.00003254228,0.0023663563],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002148207,0.00002493261,0.96133506,0.0000052405567,0.000008199545,0.00000643786,0.0002236827,0.0010315791,0.00002943849,0.0004620388,0.030113222,0.0067386962],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001153263,0.000064172586,0.98816407,0.000006801058,0.0000062740055,0.0000020609766,0.000091633854,0.009683561,0.000057149147,0.001258897,0.0004739803,0.00007608115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004736428,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.021210426,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029639242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014879118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007452978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4367043625","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4486","title":"Tree community composition stabilizes ecosystem functions in response to drought","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Deutsches Zentrum für integrative Biodiversitätsforschung Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Universität Leipzig; Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Ecosystem; Resistance (ecology); Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Temperate rainforest; Species richness; Forest ecology; Monoculture; Context (archaeology); Temperate forest; Plant litter; Litter; Temperate climate; Terrestrial ecosystem; Biology; Environmental science","score_opus":0.014098786951604818,"score_gpt":0.24495473030099982,"score_spread":0.230855943349395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4367043625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95991325,0.000007025856,0.00011724735,0.0013650771,0.00015714964,0.00019573193,0.000020351314,0.00010144503,0.038122743],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956705,0.0000039767333,0.00022042733,0.00014316307,0.000008062634,0.00007866285,0.000018654226,0.000007802461,0.0038487245],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989928,0.00043307582,0.00016368102,0.00013969003,0.000084554034,0.00018620933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999323,0.0003944781,0.0000308397,0.00019856352,0.0000063916527,0.000046731646],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00070990156,0.0000796558,0.00011133468,0.000029273016,0.00038479106,0.0000115401845,0.00012825915,0.00005078059,0.0017724884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007574231,0.000081218976,0.000028646327,0.0005327102,0.000040975603,0.00010651126,0.00017632947,0.00016548234,0.010258252],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009082646,0.00062699313,0.6499077,0.000053652762,0.000052491123,0.000043494558,0.013776155,0.11175846,0.011172054,0.00042165176,0.2069969,0.004282141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028080845,0.000109293884,0.98793817,0.000012935261,0.0000039025963,0.0000018091483,0.0027874552,0.0047128494,0.00004354162,0.0005391076,0.0034648792,0.000105225496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001649701,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.093534276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33803046,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018387314,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006519521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4375844197","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4487","title":"Leaf phenology as an indicator of ecological integrity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. Francis Xavier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Northeastern States Research Cooperative; Compute Canada; Parks Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Climate change; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Disturbance (geology); Context (archaeology); Phenology; Ecology; Frost (temperature); Plateau (mathematics); Duration (music); Atmospheric sciences; Geography; Biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.059023730529076515,"score_gpt":0.2499785917533902,"score_spread":0.1909548612243137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4375844197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819799,0.000076414886,5.4025186e-8,0.0008524728,0.000049600032,0.00005744488,0.000036716407,0.00012007271,0.016827289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99887466,0.000108246786,0.000023479997,0.00011447676,0.00012257612,0.0000068597456,0.000028703147,3.9477646e-7,0.0007205805],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993612,0.000041635485,0.00012358403,0.00018595443,0.00008315904,0.00020442384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997327,0.00012374837,0.000051257313,0.0000178223,0.000018279181,0.00005622385],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001327748,0.00007787165,0.0001633024,0.000003388016,0.000112889626,0.000009646118,0.00020167614,0.00010705651,0.0043578343],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006325875,0.000026409525,0.0000505985,0.00020765905,0.00007166817,0.00004780197,0.00009853882,0.00012078919,0.0015671533],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021560893,0.0008893823,0.34343818,0.00002722586,0.000109322806,0.00011854424,0.00050929893,0.0000030472272,0.23961549,0.013175599,0.20221013,0.19968817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005830922,0.00056285143,0.96884435,0.0000037168938,0.0000039431757,0.0000034566933,0.00080927665,0.000017117209,0.0010301055,0.0030477573,0.025532201,0.00008689395],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016522704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037579045,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6254062,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006971213,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000048172337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99921024},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4376564690","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4510","title":"Peatlands promote fire refugia in boreal forests of northern Alberta, Canada","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Forest Service; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute","keywords":"Boreal; Peat; Taiga; Environmental science; Bog; Vegetation (pathology); Ecology; Boreal ecosystem; Ecosystem; Fire regime; Climate change; Range (aeronautics); Physical geography; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.0035466539065702836,"score_gpt":0.18684571305106526,"score_spread":0.18329905914449499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4376564690","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9611972,0.000017461742,5.1685333e-7,0.00018758443,0.00015506172,0.00025536807,0.000014621483,0.000027113541,0.0381451],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951156,0.0000030322374,0.000023485964,0.000021034075,0.000025056635,0.000026431384,0.000044344015,0.000023439457,0.0047175926],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884015,0.000042614643,0.00023952196,0.00025689913,0.0002867696,0.00033404745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99945575,0.00008003397,0.00008274374,0.0002924151,0.0000049183986,0.000084164494],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017386979,0.00012938208,0.00019191277,0.000009249508,0.000037476108,0.000007774143,0.00024486947,0.000061634164,0.0010777437],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005228959,0.00011731802,0.000034269786,0.0004312694,0.00002889954,0.00008784748,0.00010767913,0.00010025796,0.00060491083],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011360404,0.000026718297,0.92021424,0.00004527044,0.00000790194,0.000075218,0.00028193486,0.0011439377,0.00006166241,0.0000032075723,0.06556491,0.012563668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027497543,0.000057617617,0.9627037,0.00004626709,0.0000030484573,0.000004371952,0.000037363297,0.019631261,0.00024017038,0.000028773371,0.016827924,0.00014454171],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.95831066,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9993675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.048736982,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032443414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007007704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99983543},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4377987385","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4499","title":"Application of habitat association models across regions: Useful explanatory power retained in wetland bird case study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Birds Canada","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Nature Conservancy of Canada; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Government of Ontario; TD Friends of the Environment Foundation; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Habitat; Wetland; Ecology; Obligate; Explanatory power; Geography; Breeding bird survey; Vegetation (pathology); Population; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.029333393110359558,"score_gpt":0.27615760491908836,"score_spread":0.2468242118087288,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4377987385","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99239594,0.000020658104,0.00006632428,0.00021195773,0.000055286695,0.0003635767,0.000049376813,0.00010087805,0.006735978],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99924743,0.00002122517,0.0000076038746,0.000041092706,0.000006501886,0.000074456744,0.000026290183,0.000013507175,0.0005618964],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990241,0.00005294359,0.00023090203,0.00022915624,0.00023965734,0.0002232409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99953306,0.000048207523,0.00013161502,0.00022572135,0.0000148858835,0.000046534224],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042782197,0.00008679734,0.00013235741,0.000013421008,0.00008313903,0.000017167966,0.000107321444,0.00007317855,0.0028401178],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044029246,0.00008730847,0.000036253696,0.0005162433,0.000028793693,0.00018892872,0.00009394244,0.00007738697,0.0016107388],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002274396,0.00033180806,0.9192434,0.000009714057,0.000015513302,0.00017314876,0.0060980297,0.0011691478,0.00034165988,0.00015831538,0.071966626,0.00046986653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011468655,0.00009814164,0.87694615,0.000007715827,0.000009686264,0.000020132646,0.11319798,0.0049974583,0.00008951461,0.0005909587,0.0026866943,0.00020869232],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014023975,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.048992198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10709996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006539196,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000050307926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378070233","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4543","title":"Effects of sea cucumber fishing on tropical seagrass productivity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Echinoderm biology and ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; State of Maine Department of Marine Resources","keywords":"Seagrass; Productivity; Fishing; Coral reef; Biomass (ecology); Ecosystem; Ecology; Biology; Sea cucumber; Environmental science; Trophic level; Nutrient; Fishery","score_opus":0.009743022012531025,"score_gpt":0.2063777878849487,"score_spread":0.19663476587241768,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378070233","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927794,0.000031381915,4.2527435e-7,0.0022990194,0.00027205882,0.00014127075,0.000008495596,0.000102310456,0.0043656826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99831814,0.000016931515,0.000015881189,0.0001559857,0.00021527204,0.000014673684,0.000020498432,7.2541224e-7,0.0012418755],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992284,0.000111277695,0.000107034306,0.0002431769,0.00006983662,0.0002402624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993525,0.00049204525,0.000047545884,0.000045965913,0.00001764437,0.000044256383],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011461207,0.000086337895,0.0001586049,0.0000034937539,0.00011088564,0.000007477282,0.00014068541,0.00014060365,0.0006447099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017833913,0.00003310067,0.00005906242,0.00023271093,0.000050382125,0.00005105737,0.000060768718,0.00015081011,0.00058316364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008681168,0.00024914162,0.7692822,0.000058265963,0.000039346698,0.000043279873,0.000060216815,0.00002257729,0.08158324,0.00048566694,0.09686281,0.051226426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000101662314,0.00033238123,0.9706496,0.000011329814,0.000005794907,0.0000027154636,0.000018929166,0.00012582431,0.022115666,0.0010218667,0.0055272095,0.000087047774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025468587,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007256879,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20136735,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009570915,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000039367833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7495583},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4379928614","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4489","title":"Copepods' true colors: astaxanthin pigmentation as an indicator of fitness","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"College of Natural Resources and Sciences, Humboldt State University; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Norges Forskningsråd; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Sorbonne Université; Université Laval; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universitetet i Tromsø","keywords":"Astaxanthin; Copepod; Zooplankton; Biology; Carotenoid; Ecology; Marine ecosystem; Phenotypic plasticity; Ecosystem; Predation; Freshwater ecosystem; Zoology; Crustacean; Botany","score_opus":0.011570101753849628,"score_gpt":0.23276994842473178,"score_spread":0.22119984667088216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4379928614","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9108455,0.00004637684,0.000009541795,0.00006429059,0.0002804925,0.0001568605,0.00010827125,0.00007255483,0.088416085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971175,0.00002085453,0.00010095877,0.00006592874,0.000076992976,0.0000031905417,0.00040864808,0.0000043548557,0.0022015306],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999114,0.00006742041,0.00022813164,0.00019352128,0.00020502499,0.00019195404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999522,0.000059367787,0.0001236589,0.0001636164,0.000021385731,0.00010999232],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025682655,0.00009058561,0.00015158598,0.000036652695,0.0000823359,0.000036446716,0.00018000884,0.0000572333,0.020769596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002381845,0.00008002283,0.000035606627,0.00032888222,0.000027990145,0.0002473257,0.000016009562,0.00006818469,0.0038054236],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021389157,0.00011011834,0.65949255,0.00030716023,0.00008320199,0.00011174118,0.0020321545,0.0026025735,0.0001812243,0.0008672203,0.06817303,0.26582515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00072161003,0.00085468026,0.9385459,0.000047378202,0.000019378745,0.000017063312,0.005143154,0.020752195,0.0013647157,0.0023485182,0.029855745,0.00032969404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0061753783,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019186195,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27905333,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000030918845,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006983002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987111},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380081151","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4542","title":"Compositional variation in grassland plant communities","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"University of Minnesota; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nestedness; Species richness; Abundance (ecology); Grassland; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Forb; Regional variation; Relative species abundance; Biodiversity; Variation (astronomy); Beta diversity; Spatial variability; Biology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.010334031912278024,"score_gpt":0.2151046241434961,"score_spread":0.20477059223121807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380081151","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94309515,0.000008370069,0.000080972335,0.00041353694,0.00007976497,0.000047991143,0.0000133412,0.000036105994,0.05622477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99865794,0.00002956549,0.0001916478,0.00007905088,0.000008294166,0.000016885615,0.00007343297,0.0000029113166,0.00094029907],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99967474,0.00003591963,0.000078022014,0.000056296652,0.000058670157,0.00009637975],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998182,0.00009519124,0.000020506897,0.000052406467,0.0000019706902,0.000011742432],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011624465,0.0000401243,0.000051795494,0.000010977608,0.00012547313,0.0000064399705,0.000060301285,0.00002837394,0.0024757653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000038507023,0.00003957437,0.000010910288,0.00012582666,0.000045868866,0.000067418805,0.000065470296,0.00006439267,0.0025163384],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000011553726,0.0000556052,0.9318589,0.000005700564,0.00001222386,0.000011950656,0.0023806894,0.017151153,0.00019504876,0.002885292,0.04519143,0.0002404603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015594486,0.000013100959,0.96899027,0.0000040553737,0.0000014331396,0.0000016169823,0.00029304737,0.024521574,0.000004256096,0.0052485634,0.00071849226,0.000047649126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028328545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018973924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055562764,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000043532105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000025581614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892724},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380085695","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4582","title":"Turning observations into biodiversity data: Broadscale spatial biases in community science","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Citizen science; Biodiversity; Geography; Crowdsourcing; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Population; Habitat; Ecosystem; Popularity; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Biology; Computer science","score_opus":0.14280686266965387,"score_gpt":0.3018461367155924,"score_spread":0.15903927404593854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380085695","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9815633,0.0000091827815,0.000013887622,0.00055689935,0.00013484867,0.000075991105,0.00017575822,0.00009095243,0.017379154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988841,0.00002998094,0.00008062718,0.00017276738,0.000009877411,0.000003609923,0.00052697776,0.0000026451032,0.00028940875],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991304,0.000051492498,0.00010787001,0.00021322687,0.00023035362,0.00026662427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930537,0.000085967644,0.00003694933,0.00048075314,0.000009023025,0.000081949715],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058360817,0.00007041755,0.00007413691,0.00002095002,0.00068272033,0.000061031704,0.00079692446,0.000031141448,0.025173843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036504003,0.00007290948,0.000016226028,0.0012374171,0.00037155338,0.0005548934,0.0015498402,0.0001647496,0.0072921747],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006505235,0.00013534598,0.5235742,0.0000076169254,0.0000022002228,0.000008405399,0.0012844373,0.0006428265,0.0059074042,0.00003640153,0.46544614,0.0029485142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015284758,0.000013886925,0.9767904,0.000007756008,0.0000021910953,5.5201787e-7,0.004743045,0.0027187944,0.00044874626,0.000051661547,0.0149781555,0.00009192325],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01762278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.059530802,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45321625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004275465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023537435,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99348074},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380208034","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4536","title":"Geographic isolation reduces genetic diversity of a wide‐ranging terrestrial vertebrate, <i>Canis lupus</i>","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of Northwest Territories; University of Alberta; Ministry of Forests","funders":"Eurostars; Alaska Department of Fish and Game; British Broadcasting Corporation; Government of Nunavut; National Geographic Society; Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Isolation by distance; Species richness; Genetic diversity; Biology; Generalist and specialist species; Habitat; Genetic structure; Population","score_opus":0.00990041239503803,"score_gpt":0.21125784396461006,"score_spread":0.20135743156957203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380208034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99681693,0.00019501928,0.00029497233,0.00005986149,0.0006058192,0.00012710538,0.00003744375,0.000028393513,0.0018344229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99800795,0.00017137639,0.00048259794,0.00006233101,0.00013468614,0.0000020005052,0.00017296776,0.000010018792,0.0009560839],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923027,0.000042718944,0.0001551615,0.00024280597,0.00014799842,0.00018105734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959785,0.000010333476,0.00009643447,0.00019714626,0.000041392184,0.000056858396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007872016,0.00011413839,0.00012214416,0.000040655475,0.00019705828,0.000016397684,0.0001858332,0.00014062764,0.00025040822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003153278,0.0001231235,0.00010980655,0.0002498841,0.000051127823,0.000006178165,0.00025940107,0.000055898523,0.00005218828],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024340495,0.000045627323,0.7008327,0.00005471094,0.00021432199,0.0000125165725,0.00051022385,0.00911762,0.1215969,0.00002628086,0.16148546,0.005860223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031613063,0.00051663874,0.8656944,0.000058526366,0.00018264333,0.00002256576,0.0010115572,0.0021154424,0.07842744,0.0011838884,0.046837762,0.0007878335],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000106529165,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011070631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1648617,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000054185334,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031211213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50208306},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4380368549","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4523","title":"Density and genetic diversity of grizzly bears at the northern edge of their distribution","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Raincoast Conservation Foundation; University of Victoria; University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Ursus; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Genetic diversity; Grizzly Bears; Tundra; Population; Biology; Geography; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.008913948579721285,"score_gpt":0.17982546015239942,"score_spread":0.17091151157267814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4380368549","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989519,0.000021663127,0.000023547722,0.00033989773,0.000041862866,0.00007277159,0.000022378325,0.000009636537,0.0005163254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994613,0.000023110788,0.0000111768595,0.000036692272,0.0000057580546,0.000001335902,0.000014067957,0.0000017744472,0.00044479032],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996698,0.00003170098,0.000070790156,0.000089966066,0.00006435459,0.000073409516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997647,0.000050614923,0.00005565518,0.000106281856,0.000006305908,0.00001646646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095634154,0.00003898411,0.000058347745,0.0000017384436,0.00018046402,0.0000014234305,0.00008089151,0.00003593274,0.0005365333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016281492,0.000028652386,0.000021635351,0.000104353734,0.00017123713,0.00003360301,0.00038137613,0.000032956887,0.00018727801],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009511975,0.00000982929,0.9886578,0.0000033243755,0.0000062046815,9.331548e-7,0.00022560314,0.00014780836,0.00039542382,0.000006735529,0.008243538,0.002293344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007976061,0.000021770276,0.9978448,0.0000019804247,0.000007944759,0.0000014322876,0.00009571804,0.0002452047,0.00092585996,0.00039636667,0.00034960505,0.000029550885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000333831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0066610803,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009187063,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033183693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003844794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58746636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4383954939","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4616","title":"<scp>BioLake</scp>: A first assessment of lake temperature‐derived bioclimatic predictors for aquatic invasive species","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"Environmental science; Species distribution; Context (archaeology); Representative Concentration Pathways; Range (aeronautics); Matching (statistics); Climate change; Invasive species; Aquatic ecosystem; Ecology; Null model; Climate model; Ecosystem; Geography; Habitat; Biology; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.022960552249598455,"score_gpt":0.24809834438539818,"score_spread":0.22513779213579974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4383954939","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.953335,0.000035343226,0.00008022549,0.0002895811,0.0002786505,0.0006183908,0.00069040275,0.00012439222,0.044548023],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99293417,0.00027008096,0.00033006325,0.00012549279,0.00005309807,0.00020187725,0.0006558376,0.000027575183,0.005401808],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985853,0.00003119697,0.00032974826,0.0003209388,0.0003303408,0.00040249195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989863,0.00041363342,0.00017045766,0.00029282703,0.000018334487,0.0001184569],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021631451,0.0002053573,0.0002778622,0.000024247007,0.0001984252,0.00005305876,0.00027405767,0.000105116764,0.036234625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003551035,0.00017611831,0.00015182146,0.00054400385,0.00017308834,0.00013439108,0.0001689249,0.000093709976,0.00193432],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005738139,0.00020303394,0.10555876,0.00026785766,0.00007651101,0.0000075194753,0.0009460687,0.00029305095,0.038009398,0.0005006482,0.85404205,0.00008935668],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081847864,0.00020776717,0.9080305,0.000079720994,0.000046716956,0.000002258339,0.0069565293,0.0012395586,0.010273328,0.0002968887,0.07189728,0.00015096349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002593381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0067530475,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80247176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024452666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028427143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9988428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384465830","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4613","title":"Mammalian resistance to megafire in western U.S. woodland savannas","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","keywords":"Biodiversity; Wildlife; Threatened species; Woodland; Geography; Resistance (ecology); Ecology; Habitat; Occupancy; Ecosystem; Camera trap; Biology","score_opus":0.00763582061506316,"score_gpt":0.2213233464920809,"score_spread":0.21368752587701775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384465830","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372657,0.000048673424,0.000014724791,0.0013776951,0.00029902844,0.00037044534,0.000010966522,0.0001545212,0.060458258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.94154406,0.0000047857243,0.0002021726,0.00025730883,0.000053393942,0.000064995,0.0000061967926,0.000031912397,0.057835203],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985506,0.00006862459,0.00022140771,0.0004233303,0.0002763148,0.00045975242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993755,0.00005622296,0.000043753105,0.00036384715,0.0000030660935,0.00015759133],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036078301,0.0001555622,0.0001863222,0.000026504451,0.00006419602,0.00004400819,0.00032664818,0.000073877556,0.0025640868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000056075016,0.0001542694,0.000036913858,0.00078810117,0.00002655246,0.00017499994,0.00018708383,0.000116312876,0.051492807],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000042274365,0.000044401186,0.40745252,0.000057026304,0.000006178518,0.00026590045,0.0009519733,0.000786504,0.0022696457,0.000017138642,0.58111376,0.0069926525],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029050396,0.00004161822,0.7157629,0.000073286545,0.0000019157646,0.0000025816096,0.000070117756,0.00043098567,0.00043473492,0.000085789165,0.28256714,0.00023842801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008553322,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07645401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30831036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002191719,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000075001026,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983477},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384832188","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4624","title":"Scientific communities of practice: <scp>K–12</scp> outreach model around organism responses to repeated hurricane disturbances","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Learning Partnership","funders":"International Institute of Tropical Forestry; Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings; National Science Foundation; Division of Earth Sciences; Division of Environmental Biology; Division of Elementary, Secondary, and Informal Education; Universidad de Puerto Rico; U.S. Forest Service","keywords":"Outreach; Ecology; Curriculum; Population; Citizen science; Sociology; Biology; Pedagogy; Political science","score_opus":0.03961000249633242,"score_gpt":0.2837475009867385,"score_spread":0.24413749849040609,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384832188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8671909,0.000063985506,0.00007105713,0.00054698135,0.00018923506,0.00018226472,0.00026948628,0.00015920498,0.13132687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9542711,0.00007997567,0.0004136956,0.00020851716,0.000015762871,0.0000307688,0.00016712576,0.000021035266,0.04479207],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984712,0.00011413827,0.00027170632,0.00029029636,0.0004760466,0.0003765965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986658,0.00041718042,0.00014911898,0.00057719625,0.000050444734,0.00014027322],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00055569946,0.00016079543,0.00019645182,0.00003427854,0.00041758124,0.00015751249,0.00046175736,0.00006574808,0.01018334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00075942243,0.00015111027,0.000059225025,0.00092351757,0.0003796385,0.0003374233,0.00040507,0.00013238976,0.0059164837],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000044545657,0.00030001576,0.01646116,0.000028804065,0.000032386597,0.000019849058,0.01271126,0.0017110065,0.011380643,0.0015586492,0.9551115,0.0006401965],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006569687,0.00030274983,0.29053187,0.00008324204,0.0000735403,0.000024096273,0.2763639,0.0049407985,0.010764028,0.0016126885,0.4142806,0.00036553774],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069848786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022142667,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5408309,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030822816,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002829706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99485755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4384832305","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4605","title":"The influence of postfire recovery and environmental conditions on boreal vegetation","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Université Laval; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Aurora Research Institute","keywords":"Environmental science; Vegetation (pathology); Plant community; Biome; Understory; Boreal; Fire regime; Ecology; Taiga; Ecosystem; Geography; Canopy; Forestry; Ecological succession","score_opus":0.002945514640204718,"score_gpt":0.19161968451235542,"score_spread":0.18867416987215072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4384832305","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9888564,0.00003686842,5.4820873e-7,0.00017822707,0.000085534324,0.0002014064,0.000032659278,0.00003512259,0.010573248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991228,0.0000810296,0.000012702526,0.000045641413,0.00001682482,0.000026089238,0.000025832314,0.000010595343,0.0006584593],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930686,0.000051487074,0.00014012166,0.00016670904,0.00018326833,0.00015153602],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994458,0.0002479119,0.00007517124,0.00018611723,0.0000014164382,0.000043565244],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017875434,0.000080365855,0.00007546013,0.0000078735,0.00017920077,0.00001767421,0.00010814377,0.00003912739,0.00017900026],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043027267,0.000062328276,0.00002621011,0.00012241943,0.00014195725,0.00015078629,0.000067634195,0.0000673797,0.0018835898],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022483221,0.00027766314,0.32964918,0.00018331634,0.0001608717,0.00007744943,0.0023494384,0.13521501,0.15376462,0.0011218087,0.16941513,0.20756069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013607038,0.00014380534,0.9931018,0.000025993328,0.0000047318376,0.0000040697605,0.00010240914,0.0025478837,0.0009640605,0.00038381154,0.0025091835,0.000076175944],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022203474,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003750995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6634526,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006892403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003746377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99889356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385277479","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4533","title":"Trait‐based and multi‐scale approach provides insight on responses of freshwater mussels to environmental heterogeneity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Ecology; Trait; Spatial ecology; Spatial variability; Metacommunity; Biology; Species distribution; Habitat; Population; Statistics","score_opus":0.025475132375871627,"score_gpt":0.24362111317256072,"score_spread":0.2181459807966891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385277479","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977802,0.0000067229253,0.00015000667,0.0001343795,0.000049252012,0.0003980535,0.00008634971,0.00004258369,0.0013524675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914103,0.0000019404895,0.0059031956,0.00039718722,0.000010431075,0.00007015346,0.000024968518,0.000016811218,0.0021649958],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989337,0.00010240039,0.00018777153,0.00035929622,0.00016721353,0.00024964652],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995644,0.00006320863,0.000047672176,0.00021578437,0.0000014113753,0.00010750366],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019773011,0.00014782246,0.00016969709,0.000023554465,0.00011882358,0.000010580253,0.00014727325,0.00010309434,0.0062305606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017722976,0.0001212125,0.000046141973,0.00012232325,0.00020021094,0.00008799117,0.00012432471,0.00009048782,0.0025839666],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005566334,0.0018649908,0.5464398,0.00006352801,0.000039664064,0.0000595692,0.004317538,0.004417128,0.37661818,0.000009980334,0.04779418,0.01781878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006337849,0.00037471417,0.8791129,0.000009626588,0.000019259294,0.0000032098756,0.00027801542,0.012513204,0.10421462,0.00002086466,0.0025921364,0.0002276614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007372456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011570565,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33267307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000057739016,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008018702,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385283383","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4627","title":"Incorporating mechanism into conservation actions in an age of multiple and emerging threats: The case of boreal caribou","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Cenovus Energy (Canada); University of Alberta; Canadian Natural Resources; Alberta Pacific Forest Industries; University of Northern British Columbia; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Threatened species; Ecology; Population; Geography; Climate change; Habitat; Habitat destruction; Disturbance (geology); Boreal; Biology","score_opus":0.02414041063262676,"score_gpt":0.264424162750782,"score_spread":0.24028375211815525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385283383","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986377,0.000007651501,0.0001126101,0.0004559238,0.000043784898,0.00013638167,0.000006101623,0.000017533524,0.00058230886],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988293,0.000007738443,0.0009830162,0.000080541606,0.0000065902855,0.00001977494,0.000028472661,0.0000049220466,0.000039633112],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995063,0.00006471619,0.00017819062,0.00012033205,0.00004891661,0.00008152228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996238,0.00012087226,0.00010508753,0.00012249335,0.0000079729025,0.000019774787],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002956015,0.000053172727,0.000082174905,0.000014538411,0.00013164396,0.000005673838,0.00006091145,0.000051092476,0.00010899687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000058139725,0.000045644872,0.000013070406,0.00028890962,0.0000964517,0.00020608147,0.00006719249,0.000071537484,0.000008581347],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000135014,0.00003714129,0.9791048,0.000014242039,0.00000696873,0.000071410745,0.0038276725,0.0012898288,0.004092152,0.0017579072,0.00044814678,0.00933622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022724459,0.000045626937,0.9334386,0.000010582854,0.0000077532195,0.000013327847,0.0074767144,0.043787077,0.0006739186,0.014238635,0.000022333224,0.000058158897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015006111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.256243,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24123688,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028715236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000011601297,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99155307},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385351224","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4629","title":"Canada lynx foraging strategies: Facultative specialists become obligate generalists toward the distribution edge","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University; University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Facultative; Predation; Obligate; Generalist and specialist species; Foraging; Snowshoe hare; Biology; Ecology; Predator; Range (aeronautics); Optimal foraging theory; Habitat","score_opus":0.015343348333909615,"score_gpt":0.24578625932500314,"score_spread":0.23044291099109354,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385351224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96070874,0.000025993879,0.000418746,0.0045539793,0.00039499416,0.00024973237,0.0001717519,0.00007880974,0.033397276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945219,0.000023800927,0.00009825419,0.00059349084,0.000145789,0.000046411595,0.00025297867,0.000016102662,0.0043012304],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99849164,0.00010010805,0.00025507403,0.0003450513,0.00032451793,0.00048360517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994283,0.00008911472,0.00011403635,0.0002664944,0.000018208651,0.00008386133],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002805786,0.00017294612,0.00018606869,0.000007885259,0.0003147573,0.0000945373,0.0004684373,0.000056906614,0.0064149234],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053573003,0.00013174517,0.000071890194,0.0006691214,0.00015205028,0.00024797997,0.00026672907,0.00015975563,0.0020228147],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000067507017,0.000018982584,0.010836016,0.000008457877,0.000060907023,0.00008941742,0.0013164586,0.031730648,0.0001970691,0.0015525802,0.9509094,0.0032733204],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033870063,0.000036356865,0.55899525,0.000008718958,0.00004645661,0.000009253332,0.005228026,0.010883496,0.0007712697,0.003881628,0.41934615,0.000454673],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.36617416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8527345,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54815924,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008463317,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016333805,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987542},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385662375","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4636","title":"Whose line is it anyway? Moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) response to linear features","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Forest Resource Improvement Association of Alberta; fRI Research","keywords":"Woodland caribou; Wildlife; Taiga; Threatened species; Habitat; Woodland; Ecology; Vegetation (pathology); Boreal; Population; Geography; Environmental science; Physical geography; Biology","score_opus":0.016061276948617125,"score_gpt":0.2653621483838167,"score_spread":0.2493008714351996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385662375","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9490327,0.000044133856,0.000033925848,0.039613973,0.00031344141,0.00022751911,0.000025094052,0.0001665314,0.010542636],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8088301,0.00006826956,0.001957519,0.025018813,0.0002154284,0.00007580977,0.000026483807,0.000035264027,0.16377231],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986446,0.00012118265,0.00020894059,0.00041603253,0.0002313864,0.0003778643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919623,0.00020239358,0.00006112738,0.00036798284,0.00001280281,0.00015943451],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056379405,0.00016876112,0.00015719728,0.00002818513,0.00024290953,0.000032686276,0.00032369452,0.00016090715,0.016006028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002524415,0.00016051561,0.000067564215,0.000694159,0.000076527765,0.00022559467,0.00025648857,0.00017841063,0.043236822],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00030421594,0.00004471395,0.045211434,0.0000033792267,0.000012794513,0.000035963956,0.000933802,0.0016637373,0.0017698811,0.000009286453,0.9469915,0.0030192733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002628869,0.00015334289,0.7165028,0.000013114986,0.000009205812,0.000004620756,0.00021728434,0.0010308784,0.0014225546,0.00026609743,0.27992287,0.00019436899],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015316135,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0011842983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.67129135,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000776828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002493989,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9848935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385765586","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4576","title":"High‐resolution diving data collected from foraging area reveal that leatherback turtles dive faster to forage longer","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Turtle Biology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"National Marine Fisheries Service; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Sight Research UK; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Natural Environment Research Council","keywords":"Foraging; Forage; Descent (aeronautics); Nova scotia; Biology; Fishery; Oceanography; Ecology; Environmental science; Geography; Geology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.04123350293836384,"score_gpt":0.23458603954121457,"score_spread":0.19335253660285073,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385765586","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9916987,0.000048027807,0.001168779,0.0010119674,0.00032086248,0.0002472443,0.00019547835,0.00014573944,0.0051632347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9834319,0.000008651364,0.0013138086,0.0005472633,0.00008421556,0.000024828021,0.00063537474,0.000017866992,0.013936093],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988584,0.000063042055,0.00014661708,0.00047412698,0.00015728697,0.0003005547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992413,0.000110704874,0.00006551863,0.0005043464,0.000006403255,0.000071734205],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017215713,0.00013938425,0.00013668963,0.000012849954,0.00022695598,0.000047207515,0.00043288097,0.00008892404,0.0054800967],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006139401,0.00012522808,0.000028393204,0.0003191591,0.000047931906,0.0003626044,0.00076178595,0.00010961136,0.0043332893],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007512733,0.000034419078,0.20013806,0.000005786164,0.000043888285,0.000030542342,0.0011599233,0.0015087259,0.0033132103,0.00001791924,0.7806339,0.013038447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028250428,0.000035754503,0.9708368,0.000040823616,0.000020310637,0.0000017117369,0.0004467402,0.009872152,0.000542643,0.0008505257,0.016828923,0.00024107423],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009779363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0058090193,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7706988,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009902505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000092456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99644196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385766985","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4643","title":"Peri‐urban systems alter trophic niche size and overlap in sympatric coastal bird species","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Stony Brook University; Waterbird Society; Sigma Xia","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecological niche; Generalist and specialist species; Ecology; Sympatric speciation; Niche; Interspecific competition; Niche segregation; Biology; Foraging; Habitat; Niche differentiation; Urban ecology; Competition (biology)","score_opus":0.006878783774645428,"score_gpt":0.20072643503060558,"score_spread":0.19384765125596015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385766985","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9767512,0.0001467899,0.0000041009093,0.00020545568,0.00023071523,0.00017646492,0.0000062108866,0.00009199646,0.022387031],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9801857,0.00015090269,0.000059244252,0.000093704715,0.00008617708,0.000031067335,0.000002660934,0.000027300937,0.01936328],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870676,0.00009477669,0.0002524761,0.00036351156,0.00020239917,0.00038008514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994421,0.00015244845,0.00006730846,0.00026261437,0.00000432236,0.000071205264],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025415322,0.00014530831,0.0002484078,0.000032183125,0.000084697574,0.000050364422,0.00020087096,0.00009092528,0.005396614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008411674,0.0001332793,0.000052230913,0.00066286285,0.0001336903,0.00014831277,0.00030083,0.00014782873,0.005430232],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009229256,0.000036624548,0.9533885,0.000017703096,0.000017219973,0.00009939604,0.00037457063,0.0035503297,0.0019945663,0.000089283225,0.040118586,0.00030398116],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00035585315,0.000069304915,0.9779141,0.000008700482,0.000015201636,0.00001267831,0.0007935741,0.006313221,0.000051419807,0.0000925507,0.014182623,0.00019080816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007617662,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005466508,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025935963,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013740596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009686118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9955126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385799556","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4607","title":"Removal of<scp>N</scp>‐fixing vs.<scp>non‐N</scp>‐fixing herbs in postfire chaparral: Competition and contributions to soil N and C cycling","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Philomathia Foundation; Joint Fire Science Program; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Herb; Shrubland; Nutrient cycle; Cycling; Mineralization (soil science); Nitrogen cycle; Ecosystem; Botany; Agronomy; Environmental science; Chemistry; Soil water; Biology; Ecology; Nitrogen; Geography; Forestry","score_opus":0.005662465175374385,"score_gpt":0.22634672228949398,"score_spread":0.2206842571141196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385799556","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98044366,0.00031960575,0.00018074886,0.00027109514,0.00033255477,0.00068190234,0.00007132515,0.00017054388,0.01752856],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976259,0.00008292901,0.0005057881,0.00014084515,0.00010186198,0.00005260087,0.00003076789,0.000053063366,0.0014062532],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99757284,0.0001693581,0.00052462827,0.0006492507,0.00037075338,0.0007131721],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99829596,0.00087692647,0.00019406083,0.0003271054,0.000027007643,0.00027896115],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010808118,0.00029908805,0.00048824726,0.00008807358,0.00030271566,0.000099025776,0.00022903075,0.00018942829,0.00007099835],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009704181,0.00032367706,0.00007155217,0.00087464834,0.00013575616,0.00041268056,0.00038384768,0.00030814766,0.0006593221],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000051629926,0.00043951784,0.5024883,0.0011164893,0.00017814798,0.0012440482,0.020635054,0.019677311,0.3658412,0.0012085448,0.070098266,0.017021485],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002489712,0.000456965,0.87255895,0.0012534707,0.00005277502,0.00037060265,0.004741691,0.07651543,0.0131046865,0.00092484005,0.027186958,0.0003439259],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022253117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004045339,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37007064,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002502837,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023514085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999215},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386810876","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4660","title":"Is my model fit for purpose? Validating a population model for predicting freshwater fish responses to flow management","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Population model; Population; Perch; Environmental science; Population growth; Ecology; Freshwater fish; Vital rates; Fishery; Geography; Econometrics; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Biology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04105921536199105,"score_gpt":0.2768688009912732,"score_spread":0.23580958562928214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386810876","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.83752286,0.0000032972966,0.14013816,0.0063200737,0.0002343061,0.0030491608,0.00047089905,0.00034384412,0.011917385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.65478754,0.00002011916,0.19942206,0.005801763,0.000090844296,0.004228836,0.00016711898,0.000066031134,0.13541572],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877816,0.000014976875,0.00022570703,0.0004261114,0.00014593657,0.0004090776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995906,0.00008364257,0.00005986835,0.000206307,0.000009598503,0.0000499828],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039219047,0.00014547477,0.00014531474,0.000030081375,0.00048708945,0.000037253634,0.00018996891,0.00005914683,0.0005596255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007526179,0.00014612559,0.00007520527,0.00015555398,0.000018722962,0.00020627624,0.00041440947,0.000043556294,0.0002540187],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000752297,0.00001687533,0.007927056,0.000050756484,0.000030786206,8.1761374e-7,0.00061375636,0.4142706,0.000009682924,0.000054670472,0.5752982,0.0016516098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000393615,0.00006300524,0.01961073,0.00001880283,0.000042422795,1.3328277e-7,0.00023551733,0.96526295,0.00004704419,0.0052754832,0.008880782,0.00016951954],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023791144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030875166,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5664174,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010168713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000024700105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61275065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387566498","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4669","title":"Accounting for heterogeneous density and detectability in spatially explicit capture–recapture studies of carnivores","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Trent University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada","keywords":"Mark and recapture; Akaike information criterion; Ursus; Statistics; Robustness (evolution); Population; Econometrics; Variation (astronomy); Wildlife; Ecology; Population size; Covariate; Computer science; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.016921094741037587,"score_gpt":0.24694968347477642,"score_spread":0.23002858873373883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387566498","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989337,0.00012853112,0.000031609354,0.00029964026,0.00008465951,0.00024818382,0.000003998667,0.000027586231,0.0002421159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993297,0.00002280865,0.00035641255,0.00012715068,0.000016900622,0.00004274861,0.000002884554,0.0000063052494,0.0000950779],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993592,0.00003468248,0.00016354432,0.0002147951,0.000068936526,0.0001588264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996083,0.0001786058,0.000069102374,0.00011086258,0.000013349848,0.000019812875],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028580776,0.00008063265,0.00015740874,0.00001010101,0.00007888419,0.0000051064503,0.00007174315,0.000079331316,0.00010653583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022081508,0.00007562247,0.000028977362,0.00013695256,0.00007995724,0.000084954,0.0001075803,0.000062670624,0.000026678195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025010178,0.000014356897,0.9925268,0.00003787369,0.000012481986,0.0000033548595,0.0011968362,0.0014568375,0.0010104569,0.000010681284,0.0011439713,0.0025613122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022262818,0.00003870417,0.9933085,0.000010913316,0.000009015498,0.0000020627763,0.0008334228,0.0018062462,0.001746368,0.0017795544,0.00015523235,0.00008738077],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00042326297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03150336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031080099,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048777456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007603483,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98616916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387574638","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4676","title":"Proactive use of intensive aversive conditioning increases probability of retreat by coyotes","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Conditioning; Canis; Wildlife; Psychology; Geography; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.020330684193304686,"score_gpt":0.2152895363633787,"score_spread":0.194958852170074,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387574638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972956,0.000006121231,0.000021818752,0.00020877663,0.000032047818,0.00023405883,0.000082758255,0.000026433318,0.0020923857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985198,0.0000075669273,0.0002880362,0.00017943743,0.0000049525534,0.000018773566,0.00008368582,0.0000048783413,0.00089288957],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994025,0.00006663304,0.00015466697,0.00016813859,0.00009901927,0.00010900538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993279,0.00030340083,0.00013929716,0.00012861594,0.000071544775,0.000029237553],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009476093,0.000068144705,0.00013099004,0.000008355835,0.00006015312,0.0000038679245,0.000069223766,0.00006255527,0.0025459637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006728264,0.00006562331,0.00003643428,0.00022799194,0.00027307108,0.0002661019,0.000083279905,0.000061628925,0.00025336182],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052923304,0.00006761336,0.8003955,0.000013999865,0.000034842065,0.0000023411721,0.00034434194,0.0003962992,0.0014737879,0.00006879644,0.19688095,0.00026858252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019761425,0.00011537973,0.98427767,0.000022007856,0.000020506202,0.0000013749644,0.00077734044,0.00045410555,0.011960521,0.0017313451,0.0003670903,0.000075025244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011286204,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00036495636,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19651386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066824876,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015720028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983658},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387897926","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4491","title":"Dining with a glutton: an intraguild interaction between scavenging wolverine (<i>Gulo gulo</i>) and lynx (<i>Lynx canadensis</i>)","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Yukon Department of Environment; University of Alberta","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Intraspecific competition; Carnivore; Ecology; Intraguild predation; Competition (biology); Biology; Guild; Geography; Predation; Habitat","score_opus":0.011620876161140915,"score_gpt":0.22262581300679268,"score_spread":0.21100493684565177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387897926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932656,0.000016611344,0.00014760844,0.0013989097,0.000157254,0.00015182473,0.0000052309388,0.00017182823,0.0046851113],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99746484,0.00001629437,0.00078219164,0.00048576965,0.00013990991,0.000024443447,0.000037912767,0.000025193125,0.0010234618],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988486,0.000049731512,0.00019303287,0.00039175546,0.00016536533,0.00035149915],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994525,0.00007634935,0.000089739,0.00022203347,0.000008903209,0.00015052117],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024555487,0.00016806401,0.00017465054,0.000028181135,0.00035003579,0.00006905411,0.00014138718,0.000095407995,0.001533709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030116369,0.00016044782,0.000022766759,0.00037253593,0.00012007044,0.00058439915,0.00013044418,0.00021828519,0.0004410039],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003553734,0.00001801249,0.96442187,0.000009625053,0.00003216993,0.00003714035,0.0005989756,0.0017185456,0.0002227602,0.000030591917,0.01463168,0.01824309],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003727744,0.00015013701,0.9844207,0.000035815076,0.000029008695,0.000025504647,0.0006782389,0.0035900958,0.00021428394,0.00019518203,0.010056209,0.00023204867],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026130283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019136159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01999883,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013592749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024345707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99937904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388534658","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4672","title":"Drivers of legacy soil organic matter decomposition after fire in boreal forests","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph; Yukon University; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Pacific Northwest Research Station; Wilfrid Laurier University; National Science Foundation; Northern Arizona University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; U.S. Forest Service","keywords":"Environmental science; Taiga; Soil organic matter; Ecosystem; Soil water; Soil carbon; Mineralization (soil science); Cycling; Organic matter; Nutrient cycle; Boreal; Nutrient; Biogeochemical cycle; Ecology; Soil science; Forestry; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.0030539188665930123,"score_gpt":0.20375457857196574,"score_spread":0.20070065970537274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388534658","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9869783,0.000014828834,0.000013227471,0.00021783153,0.00016435418,0.00020103672,0.000007671385,0.000050316743,0.012352428],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989061,0.0000048811658,0.00008279675,0.00008406856,0.000024308049,0.00003299558,0.000016951644,0.000023929428,0.0008240161],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903995,0.000049865306,0.00020261732,0.00023870426,0.00020596824,0.00026292424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996076,0.000043509255,0.00006202428,0.00022789196,0.0000035618434,0.000055375025],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015182866,0.00011462517,0.000149465,0.000018509149,0.00003137116,0.000022037711,0.0001776952,0.00007335724,0.0124991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008905792,0.00011332323,0.000048029182,0.00038875788,0.00004436731,0.00033699657,0.00013524697,0.00008822604,0.016460309],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027270924,0.00005588774,0.90519226,0.000054125954,0.000008090947,0.00007576461,0.0005135546,0.00089285924,0.0014519749,0.0000028166498,0.08823374,0.0034916424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030628347,0.000043973614,0.9903245,0.000052001295,0.000004285219,0.0000047617064,0.00006542409,0.0072338004,0.0012561831,0.0001240135,0.00045925783,0.00012550117],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016558336,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013384187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.087774485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017219067,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000736364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9884036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388550958","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4691","title":"Acclimation capacity of critical thermal maximum varies among populations: Consequences for estimates of vulnerability","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Acclimatization; Critical thermal maximum; Biology; Climate change; Vulnerability (computing); Phenotypic plasticity; Ectotherm; Adaptive capacity; Ecology; Local adaptation; Trait; Population; Evolvability; Freezing tolerance; Environmental science; Evolutionary biology","score_opus":0.06724975123629783,"score_gpt":0.2996511218888331,"score_spread":0.23240137065253524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388550958","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9972052,0.0000074486607,0.0008748266,0.00026214923,0.000036594804,0.00014378742,0.00008297533,0.000033304423,0.0013536987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899996,0.0000011787533,0.009893067,0.000013576353,0.000008822238,0.000033053333,0.000030802035,0.0000025731947,0.000017309138],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941427,0.00002474837,0.00020478229,0.00013521036,0.00010050347,0.00012050595],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944586,0.00035243185,0.00005965248,0.000090485206,0.00001891634,0.000032631408],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000110438225,0.000059796123,0.00012010378,0.000004343886,0.00008050618,0.0000055267537,0.00009490941,0.000048542483,0.0017781196],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006057506,0.000044078868,0.000053462252,0.00012802324,0.0008135386,0.00012798446,0.000050218947,0.000038648213,0.00004296438],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028997962,0.00021546827,0.06605109,0.000106096784,0.000008373093,2.7458597e-7,0.00019345756,0.004405765,0.9204512,0.0048161624,0.0017314614,0.0019916552],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006470598,0.000057017485,0.58575875,0.000009523987,0.000008001701,1.5409216e-7,0.00013235897,0.0075675915,0.08667549,0.31965443,0.000010538518,0.00006140777],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028982773,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011935784,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8337757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015306126,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000047147587,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99913436},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388736103","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4684","title":"Landscape‐scale patterns of eastern spruce budworm outbreak risk: Defoliation onset vs. tree mortality","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université TÉLUQ; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spruce budworm; Abies balsamea; Choristoneura fumiferana; Balsam; Outbreak; Biology; Ecology; Host (biology); Biological dispersal; Disturbance (geology); Forestry; Geography; Lepidoptera genitalia; Demography; Population; Tortricidae; Botany","score_opus":0.008303544075715472,"score_gpt":0.22242747285652478,"score_spread":0.21412392878080933,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388736103","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98140264,0.000017123932,0.00014200858,0.000080521655,0.00037016193,0.00031833645,0.00019859118,0.00015887525,0.01731172],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99704593,0.000021639149,0.000076195436,0.000035642206,0.00006977677,0.00003334798,0.00006145967,0.00003122774,0.0026247604],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833596,0.00013484401,0.0003600354,0.00038507837,0.0004282782,0.00035583365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898624,0.000099177196,0.00025738808,0.000529937,0.000009450724,0.00011777908],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005205491,0.00018833434,0.00027326657,0.000020832786,0.00008398602,0.00002798103,0.00030907098,0.00010852994,0.004124165],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053617445,0.00017518422,0.000114604605,0.00032566255,0.000035795514,0.00021330449,0.00019460838,0.0001389683,0.0093236],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001550371,0.000058240064,0.97338146,0.000046721198,0.000021924927,0.0000090120675,0.00034047352,0.00053080835,0.00014364632,0.0000016206375,0.017002482,0.008448124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040235874,0.000083812185,0.9740401,0.00003977905,0.000027560107,0.0000035370704,0.00014345319,0.022594247,0.0009158911,0.000069584894,0.0014914527,0.00018822536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008411942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.042686563,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.034274623,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000099774996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009688931,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9981911},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388947926","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4698","title":"The role of short‐term temperature variability and light in shaping the phenology and characteristics of seagrass beds","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Seagrass; Environmental science; Phenology; Zostera marina; Atmospheric sciences; Range (aeronautics); Seasonality; Upwelling; Climate change; Ecology; Sea surface temperature; Oceanography; Climatology; Ecosystem; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.00717852172005173,"score_gpt":0.18976695814307795,"score_spread":0.18258843642302622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388947926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98861134,0.00047332986,2.437503e-7,0.00035896295,0.00006576772,0.00008269695,0.000068765745,0.0000065692484,0.0103323255],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99920744,0.00049892324,0.0000077672385,0.00002612731,0.000028284574,8.143699e-7,0.00003762962,0.0000011266451,0.00019191096],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994545,0.000084872256,0.00016158538,0.00011720202,0.000045490124,0.0001363566],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947125,0.0003370236,0.000041617466,0.000113263086,0.0000146384255,0.000022210043],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038155576,0.00006173543,0.00013606407,0.000009266091,0.00007187309,0.000014347336,0.000110690875,0.000068540096,0.00016787897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000051723146,0.00003250678,0.000013662431,0.000115645365,0.000107329855,0.000030827316,0.000043489865,0.00011716218,0.0000040722416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029620123,0.0000040770465,0.8353153,0.000019588542,0.000010227744,0.0000024390029,0.00017869992,0.000003754946,0.0006568405,0.00022260907,0.00015985595,0.16339697],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000050295646,0.0000586001,0.9919096,0.00000778014,0.00000466814,0.000006940271,0.00036519935,0.0012386652,0.000112832735,0.0014253748,0.004777919,0.00004213094],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00069103664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009358668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16335484,"about_ca_system_score_codex":6.4635447e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016070211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52223563},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388949144","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4710","title":"Climate, fire disturbance regime, and vegetation response of the past 2500 years for central Nova Scotia","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Department of Agriculture; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Climate change; Vegetation (pathology); Fire regime; Geography; Physical geography; Forest dynamics; Ecology; Period (music); Environmental science; Fire ecology; Climatology; Ecosystem; Geology","score_opus":0.015152544640801555,"score_gpt":0.24039186488801234,"score_spread":0.22523932024721077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388949144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962931,0.00062103255,0.0000020161892,0.000821128,0.0002943939,0.00019378032,0.000051179086,0.000018173369,0.001705167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988958,0.00006254722,0.00010959133,0.00004760261,0.000028419037,0.0000012206817,0.000038296817,0.000002266064,0.00081425154],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992461,0.00011990212,0.00011248891,0.00015086809,0.000080406855,0.0002902349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993047,0.00044207796,0.00005076825,0.00013952151,0.000022132777,0.000040763352],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037907183,0.000059305385,0.00010199237,0.000012370243,0.00010793578,0.0000107970345,0.00013707067,0.000072366245,0.00035896862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011371153,0.00004367617,0.000036494475,0.00020788299,0.00017171413,0.00005884852,0.000016516786,0.0000909012,0.00028108308],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000266812,0.0000039584825,0.99092597,0.000055579345,0.000007821718,0.000004640646,0.0001568399,0.0002985191,0.0000068145873,0.000039597056,0.0072382735,0.0009951947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023988112,0.00006436226,0.99622476,0.000024278352,0.0000061583532,0.000008984309,0.000082310835,0.0022592219,0.000037097736,0.0002467204,0.00075652485,0.000049727507],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000071138114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0040771207,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064817485,"about_ca_system_score_codex":6.5029184e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029265873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39304549},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389656416","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4137","title":"Cover Image","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ecology; Ectotherm; Forester; Cover (algebra); Global warming; Geography; Population; Climate change; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.020542393577655034,"score_gpt":0.2563712168853635,"score_spread":0.2358288233077085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389656416","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.002736391,0.00015862467,0.00001944463,0.00029005535,0.0021550222,0.00014775275,0.0009270684,0.00009117403,0.9934745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00067046215,0.00072282506,0.000025100628,0.00038442126,0.00017149793,0.000035961588,0.0012236875,0.00005347064,0.99671257],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880457,0.00002143224,0.00016856016,0.00037481054,0.0002783074,0.00035234782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99944043,0.000024249044,0.000091226255,0.0003308463,0.000006507895,0.00010675827],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006881284,0.00021937913,0.00020978661,0.0000068331497,0.00010076676,0.00007509185,0.00031302654,0.0002246928,0.99187636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000018230996,0.00021023506,0.00012306363,0.00023060723,0.00011105015,0.000088933935,0.00031659362,0.00022461603,0.9935752],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000029768019,0.000020038895,0.0000019592183,0.000016093374,0.000008882473,0.000011252112,0.000018324105,0.000014699995,0.00010883833,0.000016942948,0.9994224,0.00035760424],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012903153,0.00001592077,0.002542951,0.000013601878,0.000008842412,0.0000021950382,0.00014776616,0.0000137087245,0.00015046081,0.000018529276,0.9967036,0.00025336517],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002605334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00034817052,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0032381066,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00063179363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000119147035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8573137},"labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["insufficient_payload"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["insufficient_payload"],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"other","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high"}],"label_agreement":"agree"},{"id":"W4389703146","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4689","title":"State‐dependent estuary stopover boosts juvenile salmon growth: Implications for marine survival","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"Hakai Institute; Liber Ero Foundation; Vancouver Foundation; Simon Fraser University; Tides Canada; Pacific Salmon Foundation; Tula Foundation; McLean Foundation","keywords":"Estuary; Juvenile; Oncorhynchus; Habitat; Fishery; Fish measurement; Biology; Ecology; Foraging; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.013690011165084935,"score_gpt":0.23957997233866374,"score_spread":0.2258899611735788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389703146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.74479085,0.000012752144,0.0003557307,0.007259633,0.00056362303,0.0007281469,0.00007129128,0.0002758493,0.24594213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9008246,0.00018988599,0.00065613916,0.0011423655,0.00006704141,0.00047716015,0.00011916455,0.000033659468,0.096489996],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990938,0.000019836405,0.00015696995,0.00030729407,0.000098392826,0.00032375497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995771,0.00010243987,0.000053852433,0.00020762163,0.000008747894,0.00005024556],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002144226,0.00011685516,0.000135203,0.000012792886,0.00028574464,0.0000144966425,0.00020275908,0.000042861266,0.005009133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046030407,0.000115478644,0.000050267947,0.00019217093,0.00006039519,0.00018266997,0.00056134077,0.00006592595,0.0041549644],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018237415,0.00005661616,0.16695923,0.000013002557,0.000032348715,0.000003574892,0.00009241445,0.000304867,0.000037541427,0.00068448693,0.82842416,0.0033735198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003275863,0.00007245543,0.93579173,0.0000015904641,0.00001629652,6.110174e-7,0.00013747174,0.00011529335,0.00005285155,0.012666266,0.050679866,0.00013799254],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019673086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008994963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7777443,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091356145,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005490824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966204},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389704817","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4730","title":"Plant biotype interacting grazing activity shapes grassland ecosystem functions","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; Kelowna General Hospital","funders":"Wenzhou University","keywords":"Grazing; Grassland; Overgrazing; Biomass (ecology); Steppe; Ecosystem; Agronomy; Environmental science; Conservation grazing; Plant community; Soil carbon; Ecology; Agroforestry; Biology; Soil water; Species richness","score_opus":0.02164973230511492,"score_gpt":0.21946392477925467,"score_spread":0.19781419247413976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389704817","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99145275,0.000041660263,0.0000023555174,0.000379491,0.00048653825,0.00009207049,0.00012039904,0.00034700523,0.007077746],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99877244,0.00002387527,0.000011544648,0.000028873399,0.00025524653,0.000011880284,0.0000893207,0.000001718379,0.000805112],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919873,0.000048023707,0.00012403881,0.00023767693,0.00012291745,0.00026862926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952286,0.00026253852,0.00006919293,0.000040237097,0.000026356878,0.00007881299],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016336598,0.00011941515,0.00013626559,0.000008558423,0.0002531823,0.00008384373,0.00012936084,0.000078463985,0.0005969332],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000511506,0.000049745675,0.000097252356,0.00044203515,0.00000936991,0.00011457913,0.00007213609,0.00014181573,0.0012432266],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027081842,0.00030555367,0.17617737,0.00010085079,0.0002805858,0.0001797989,0.00032421428,0.0004948051,0.26842076,0.00046995305,0.13167392,0.4213014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022681759,0.0002190034,0.865695,0.00009112212,0.000030236264,0.00004609031,0.0016541337,0.08171594,0.001917318,0.00020533003,0.047704197,0.00049482397],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00034443667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029054262,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6895176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003337186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000059112704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389789898","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4711","title":"Identifying invasive species threats, pathways, and impacts to improve biosecurity","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Florida; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","keywords":"Invasive species; Biosecurity; Introduced species; Biology; Ecology; Taxon; Endangered species; Wildlife; Geography; Environmental planning; Fishery; Environmental resource management; Habitat; Environmental science","score_opus":0.025398217507577602,"score_gpt":0.23941943040694444,"score_spread":0.21402121289936685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389789898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8732455,0.00006387328,0.000009458513,0.0008379851,0.00030426105,0.00023195705,0.000023193386,0.00010709105,0.12517668],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.980261,0.0003812306,0.00028477696,0.0005951833,0.00010203498,0.00002573618,0.0000096306985,0.000015540458,0.018324845],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99885726,0.000031987496,0.00016118583,0.00039376217,0.00015245989,0.00040336305],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999394,0.000106583044,0.000052450254,0.000245045,0.000008505471,0.00019340833],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020549382,0.00015880312,0.00016702963,0.000024056466,0.00024480955,0.00007174967,0.00019926144,0.00011982256,0.019487334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021764792,0.00014490007,0.00004576426,0.00035056402,0.00015366079,0.00028553142,0.0007358362,0.00018920403,0.009082255],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030271913,0.00006535952,0.33255634,0.000058389414,0.00004457949,0.00013983661,0.0031721548,0.00005095859,0.056598607,0.0048741326,0.59490275,0.0075066257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019710265,0.00011949386,0.961603,0.000015073222,0.000007702107,0.0000064660603,0.0009168755,0.00003044258,0.013870893,0.009432749,0.013581869,0.00021836263],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019971252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00573395,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6290466,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009273613,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016090597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99168926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389966310","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4731","title":"Female little brown bats require both building and natural roosts in a mountainous environment with short summers","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; The Wildlife Society; Parks Canada; Government of Alberta; University of Calgary","keywords":"Myotis lucifugus; Torpor; Habitat; Ecology; Home range; Endangered species; Juvenile; Overwintering; Range (aeronautics); Hibernation (computing); Foraging; Geography; Eptesicus fuscus; Biology; Thermoregulation","score_opus":0.01528557783792412,"score_gpt":0.21513987050731648,"score_spread":0.19985429266939236,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389966310","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964942,0.0008728943,2.7228978e-7,0.0010106557,0.00008603902,0.00014984688,0.0000099307435,0.00005570707,0.0013204942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980732,0.00048646142,0.00007580003,0.00016475585,0.000064883694,0.000030302821,0.000023741186,0.0000012417114,0.0010796],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990841,0.0000396487,0.00011963967,0.00032495632,0.00006657248,0.00036506026],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997534,0.00012573741,0.000025881274,0.00004138833,0.0000056717213,0.000047926525],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016488273,0.00013262611,0.00017582256,0.0000071849063,0.00022405406,0.000016088925,0.000101373545,0.00011242917,0.00029094765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000014658643,0.00005187168,0.00002626985,0.0001897105,0.0001339705,0.00010585617,0.000118889206,0.00015112509,0.00008269425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011066582,0.00007343172,0.93163127,0.000014978924,0.00006811578,0.00012582295,0.00045688797,0.00005624129,0.013173493,0.00013523975,0.0032640528,0.0508898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013308777,0.00023377888,0.9889837,0.000016352808,0.000006265185,0.000012218091,0.0015602912,0.000058430745,0.00025693534,0.00008857802,0.008486845,0.00016355158],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019789682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008783228,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.057352394,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003638772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003605895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49012473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390063260","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4725","title":"Nest observations reveal hygienic nest architecture and behavior in an Arctic bumble bee species","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Nest (protein structural motif); Ecology; Biology; Habitat; Arctic; Bird nest; Predation","score_opus":0.07912046586706259,"score_gpt":0.22988632584946725,"score_spread":0.15076585998240466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390063260","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973058,0.00017724553,5.0535757e-8,0.0014277308,0.000035913374,0.00012324087,0.00005260831,0.00008159786,0.0007958021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996681,0.000106022104,0.00005076657,0.00007716865,0.00018243642,0.000028544651,0.000055055363,9.796269e-7,0.0028180801],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99932736,0.000023538218,0.00011754858,0.0002112318,0.00008520501,0.00023510211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99978155,0.00009375988,0.000028370898,0.000019013016,0.000019613832,0.000057688394],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007055694,0.0001020088,0.00012941907,0.000006094968,0.00021333348,0.000060898783,0.00012164229,0.00004979848,0.00022465245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027354285,0.000043023752,0.00003145174,0.0003894138,0.000042918426,0.00010602186,0.00007322775,0.00010503607,0.00008599206],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000137156985,0.00008738749,0.87684214,0.000012849521,0.0000040654854,0.000040571205,0.00020097237,0.0000112186035,0.106257975,0.00016453843,0.0045090406,0.011855512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000656295,0.00013104315,0.9925318,0.000017100796,0.0000073959322,0.0000062451936,0.0005843807,0.000015317859,0.000058199457,0.000351371,0.006114263,0.00011726529],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00048502177,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07973691,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.115689635,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000116989495,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033545111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93705547},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390244726","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4721","title":"Oil sands restoration with warm‐adapted trees improves outcomes under moderate but not severe warming scenarios","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Environment and Protected Areas; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Office of Energy Research and Development","keywords":"Climate change; Forest restoration; Environmental science; Taiga; Global warming; Boreal; Ecosystem; Restoration ecology; Fire regime; Disturbance (geology); Biomass (ecology); Ecology; Agroforestry; Forest ecology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.011534423275129085,"score_gpt":0.21582815685249296,"score_spread":0.20429373357736388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390244726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98256844,0.000022610617,0.00014881775,0.0009455419,0.0002896512,0.00017509398,0.000015563315,0.0004181501,0.01541611],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96740764,0.000013577684,0.000553245,0.00026380375,0.000059328,0.00006700983,0.000023087949,0.000060938764,0.03155139],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99811536,0.00009201926,0.00028450642,0.00052932824,0.000490888,0.00048788858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912846,0.0001364665,0.00014202387,0.00043954668,0.000015388378,0.00013811004],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029671084,0.00029629676,0.00030960562,0.000027580452,0.00029832896,0.00011856085,0.0002576983,0.00012871694,0.00094299734],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047110174,0.00023014547,0.00006892884,0.00042143994,0.00007092146,0.0006000618,0.00014208109,0.00019155545,0.0035579074],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00094142545,0.00043594628,0.07852875,0.00036136436,0.0004497866,0.00038813282,0.004480062,0.392804,0.18762816,0.00022603724,0.09835183,0.2354045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027052776,0.00045174535,0.31974617,0.00020608427,0.000071123926,0.000054487693,0.0012753126,0.6582912,0.009954866,0.00014582193,0.005789849,0.0013080598],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019986685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012015881,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2654872,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028895412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032150725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99997026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390766026","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4737","title":"The predictability of near‐term forest biomass change in boreal North America","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Tree-ring climate responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia","funders":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; Ministry of Natural Resources; U.S. Forest Service; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Ministry of Environment; Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; Ministry of Environment - Saskatchewan; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Alberta Agriculture and Forestry; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Defense","keywords":"Taiga; Black spruce; Environmental science; Boreal; Biomass (ecology); Climate change; Temperate climate; Productivity; Forest inventory; Temperate forest; Precipitation; Physical geography; Temperate rainforest; Primary production; Climatology; Forest management; Ecosystem; Geography; Ecology; Forestry; Agroforestry; Meteorology; Geology","score_opus":0.016816914956488956,"score_gpt":0.23688030882269642,"score_spread":0.22006339386620746,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390766026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891553,0.0034139869,0.0000025654458,0.00032794283,0.0002762157,0.00017688319,0.0003052308,0.00006132416,0.0062805293],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99945164,0.00022543823,0.000093548435,0.0000172816,0.000064769345,0.0000046413793,0.000063842555,0.0000042175116,0.000074629024],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912256,0.00007006211,0.00019407921,0.00019587383,0.0001576889,0.00025974205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992232,0.00044098299,0.00003718401,0.00022607949,0.000012341201,0.00006026161],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017673906,0.0000955819,0.00012207468,0.000016614955,0.00008031172,0.00008412575,0.00021598581,0.000036769092,0.0009233281],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000054637134,0.000060714123,0.000051887982,0.00035241892,0.00018151413,0.00014371097,0.000019155481,0.00010419941,0.0002825198],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045545672,0.000008808359,0.8587001,0.00005889049,0.000008395877,0.000020929767,0.0003644738,0.00007682253,9.2818493e-7,0.000004532696,0.00060043286,0.14011012],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000062741616,0.00010105841,0.9735312,0.000033709755,0.000004993669,0.0000032244916,0.000059427744,0.012685322,0.0000066069783,0.0000599087,0.013385968,0.000065871696],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014163402,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3024124,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.288249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008011725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006511296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99999},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390766102","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4739","title":"Integrating ecosystem and contaminant models to predict the effects of ecosystem fluxes on contaminant dynamics","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; University of Canterbury; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecosystem; Trophic level; Environmental science; Abiotic component; Spatial heterogeneity; Ecology; Ecosystem model; Alternative stable state; Food web; Aquatic ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.0038722419345412753,"score_gpt":0.19732964720040594,"score_spread":0.19345740526586466,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390766102","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97484547,0.00030297643,0.004060189,0.00022677277,0.00056340743,0.000767408,0.00003777468,0.00005490782,0.019141106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99755985,0.00004207528,0.00032523167,0.000105875995,0.000040856452,0.00010770402,0.000004286415,0.000027769785,0.0017863528],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99843746,0.00017516028,0.0003963764,0.0004426508,0.00023955213,0.00030877776],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987339,0.00068795064,0.00009766656,0.00038320236,0.000012439679,0.00008483585],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051088526,0.00021433798,0.00036752774,0.000028458693,0.00012970141,0.000057517842,0.00033191804,0.00009687505,0.00029815678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009162375,0.00013404153,0.000093609146,0.00024190712,0.000070409726,0.00014893997,0.00025306246,0.00019071127,0.00042441656],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00037369368,0.0010913666,0.057668116,0.0067354776,0.002215038,0.0014636645,0.036591295,0.13475922,0.020263923,0.1455232,0.16960663,0.42370838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030213498,0.00095040083,0.005437134,0.0008967281,0.00014085272,0.000045931298,0.0021262453,0.9811554,0.00284921,0.000611535,0.0051880274,0.00029643226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025554898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030156149,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84639615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038981676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017870254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98754096},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391076765","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4722","title":"Influence of mountain pine beetle outbreaks on large fires in British Columbia","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Sport Centre Pacific; Natural Resources Canada; University of Guelph; University of Victoria","funders":"fRI Research; University of Victoria","keywords":"Mountain pine beetle; Outbreak; Environmental science; Lightning (connector); Geography; Climate change; Ecology; Physical geography; Forestry; Biology","score_opus":0.0026781143938166365,"score_gpt":0.19750638819120675,"score_spread":0.19482827379739012,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391076765","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98166746,0.0003108756,0.0000035339783,0.00005841641,0.00014964565,0.00027438247,0.000068533824,0.00007031468,0.017396815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954608,0.0000185428,0.00005954734,0.00012356149,0.000031733427,0.000033786797,0.000005749966,0.000024494566,0.004241797],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880487,0.000056960744,0.0002591,0.00034140423,0.00024955743,0.00028813106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995628,0.00009550659,0.000042583437,0.0002349999,0.0000043234613,0.000059784263],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031930848,0.000090621405,0.0001854776,0.0000096221565,0.00004139133,0.00011735895,0.00022157634,0.00008191856,0.006801104],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007336619,0.00013438266,0.000046217563,0.00032057165,0.00005038493,0.00021956419,0.00011501799,0.00016369858,0.0025181891],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015715115,0.00046653286,0.5180126,0.0004468815,0.000031488078,0.0006041059,0.00050567696,0.012576069,0.004697014,0.000059673886,0.4189897,0.04359456],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031314197,0.00015577424,0.9462321,0.00052158115,0.000004531915,0.000017306942,0.000042301108,0.010510441,0.00028918826,0.00021360506,0.041500945,0.0001991256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09584899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4759825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42821947,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021775888,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014430159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9982585},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391649006","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4760","title":"Temporal variations of the multifaceted biodiversity and assembly mechanisms in lake fish assemblages","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Phylogenetic diversity; Ecology; Biodiversity; Phylogenetic tree; Habitat; Functional diversity; Community structure; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.007269722319923601,"score_gpt":0.19870391614680402,"score_spread":0.19143419382688043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391649006","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9726762,0.000018209666,0.00023839962,0.003447638,0.00020830332,0.00018305668,0.000029956747,0.000031959655,0.023166286],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99775165,0.000024057485,0.00042272327,0.00026284505,0.0000030492447,0.0000060823645,0.000002705184,0.00000212722,0.0015247483],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995763,0.00003256831,0.00007930751,0.0001475573,0.00006945799,0.00009485108],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998316,0.00004289164,0.000024000743,0.00008670474,0.0000020698656,0.000012688788],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013729872,0.000056861772,0.00007098057,0.000008774007,0.00010215362,0.000013076763,0.000100079116,0.000040804138,0.0017077795],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000236977,0.000043192464,0.00002202418,0.00016854497,0.00006358362,0.000115149865,0.00029608523,0.00006861665,0.00013809484],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000061000164,0.00008103278,0.5588631,0.00004027707,0.000053299926,0.000012928346,0.00082158064,0.00016307516,0.00043261427,0.0012471591,0.4374156,0.0008632245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011341863,0.000020734591,0.9894759,0.000010661637,0.00001572758,4.3567152e-7,0.0002426236,0.0010769535,0.00019358803,0.0012231136,0.007570918,0.00005590857],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020149034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0837555,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4306128,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024953364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000035437258,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992048},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391817486","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4774","title":"Probabilistic genetic identification of wild boar hybridization to support control of invasive wild pigs (<i>Sus scrofa</i>)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Ministerul Cercetării, Inovării şi Digitalizării; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Wild boar; Domestic pig; Biology; Genotype; Hybrid; Veterinary medicine; Zoology; Genetics; Geography; Ecology; Gene; Botany","score_opus":0.006686561782392824,"score_gpt":0.22566583941851856,"score_spread":0.21897927763612574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391817486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93665093,0.001743757,0.05845397,0.00010197567,0.00037200397,0.0006456059,0.00021574993,0.000020015623,0.0017959914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99398535,0.00004606548,0.004578277,0.00008809269,0.00015246522,0.000047848367,0.00011604434,0.00003049273,0.0009553411],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998774,0.000049137503,0.00046972503,0.0003756118,0.00015569782,0.0001758283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992223,0.000030301182,0.00012785805,0.00037779438,0.00016255157,0.000079240264],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013900186,0.00015102782,0.00018822798,0.00002822902,0.00003558894,0.000020877194,0.00021227034,0.000108312364,0.00015785631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015633571,0.00015296828,0.00008861905,0.00015654178,0.00008258348,0.0000052481837,0.000049730297,0.000060123293,0.000060948812],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002021117,0.00023593318,0.0042779287,0.0008688705,0.00026968276,0.0000035359553,0.0004732094,0.025305545,0.9169348,0.004631905,0.032542225,0.014254286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002046917,0.004317859,0.27556798,0.0003934346,0.0005073483,0.00006282111,0.00034130944,0.00085594616,0.6752632,0.00907884,0.030527333,0.0010370138],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020769176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006397215,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27129006,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015389855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001838005,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62378657},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391886691","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4766","title":"Aggregating taxa and the influence of scale: Potential concerns for analysis of stability using functional measures","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ecology; Taxon; Abundance (ecology); Asynchrony (computer programming); Biology; Ecosystem; Functional response; Biomass (ecology); Metapopulation; Habitat; Population; Functional group; Predation; Biological dispersal; Predator","score_opus":0.03339120957690391,"score_gpt":0.27683895958467003,"score_spread":0.2434477500077661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391886691","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982538,0.0003659937,0.00084945036,0.00005237187,0.000037794896,0.00011531705,0.000032106942,0.0000065103195,0.00028665314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99940336,0.000012420693,0.0005111954,0.0000131727475,0.000009638274,0.000008739495,0.0000010926844,0.000002505736,0.000037890222],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994836,0.000032319535,0.0001571233,0.00014323248,0.00010506001,0.000078666766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996934,0.00014002302,0.0000718881,0.00006574854,0.000017320837,0.000011642429],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003071205,0.00005318448,0.00015782028,0.000007071981,0.00011799444,0.0000067715573,0.000051980143,0.00003145841,0.0009966248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000052326355,0.000035281144,0.0000880079,0.00020073018,0.0006419369,0.000073200485,0.00007622089,0.000047178626,0.0000021041797],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023378759,0.00005548739,0.89486337,0.00005783223,0.00060683425,0.0000011887765,0.0012157673,0.07155533,0.02501828,0.00030134412,0.00039591387,0.00569484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017326523,0.00003184214,0.97449195,0.0000113360375,0.00071261585,8.363118e-7,0.00041712102,0.023115173,0.000761615,0.00018317203,0.000054137417,0.00004694028],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00041188335,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015046771,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07962855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002767453,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010288224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392316382","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4791","title":"Herbivory through the lens of ecological processes across Pacific coral reefs","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Coral Reef Conservation Program; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","keywords":"Coral reef; Ecology; Herbivore; Reef; Coral; Coral bleaching; Coral reef organizations; Symbiodinium; Resilience of coral reefs; Geography; Coral reef protection; Biology; Symbiosis","score_opus":0.018828341635323258,"score_gpt":0.25195712946077925,"score_spread":0.23312878782545599,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392316382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7876208,0.002609953,0.000031003307,0.0015280135,0.00047402963,0.00022394804,0.00001775557,0.00010397589,0.20739055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850804,0.00023334053,0.000094813906,0.00007187569,0.00008130376,0.000036601094,0.000001500277,0.000009796833,0.014390361],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991076,0.000027944907,0.00019121228,0.0002589975,0.00016106505,0.0002531556],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996265,0.00011949524,0.000042837182,0.00017863075,0.000010673174,0.000021857317],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013557964,0.00012222018,0.00015784071,0.0000016545952,0.00018199909,0.00004090732,0.00021337262,0.00004859636,0.0035238562],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004575649,0.00006797332,0.00006647297,0.0002612749,0.00022093763,0.00020970585,0.0004023583,0.00012721453,0.0017078954],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005747514,0.00037738742,0.058374166,0.0014078793,0.00014202815,0.00009480289,0.010464451,0.0002573842,0.0006909673,0.002379914,0.89879847,0.02695508],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015489088,0.00026005154,0.12266237,0.00013358249,0.000024797799,0.00002593895,0.0046507753,0.00022890633,0.00036717084,0.0052201482,0.86599994,0.000271456],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037182475,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0043157255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19745964,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005446951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014958749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990694},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392316426","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4778","title":"Seasonal phenology of the little brown bat (<i>Myotis lucifugus</i>) at 60° N","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Conservation Association; Bat Conservation International","keywords":"Myotis lucifugus; Torpor; Hibernation (computing); Phenology; Biology; Reproduction; Ecology; Predation; Seasonal breeder; Zoology; Thermoregulation","score_opus":0.011741163294682335,"score_gpt":0.19750636298155225,"score_spread":0.18576519968686991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392316426","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95988756,0.0058370144,2.4852568e-7,0.011820978,0.0009638294,0.00009374028,0.00005417448,0.000063187035,0.02127926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873093,0.00018515259,0.00002236542,0.0005293281,0.00019248114,0.000013714074,0.000012765709,9.431473e-7,0.011733964],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991916,0.000077312114,0.00014940918,0.0002574933,0.000066793626,0.0002573864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955904,0.00027733512,0.00004035185,0.000065014574,0.000025380245,0.0000328475],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012222765,0.000114638235,0.00017001726,0.0000020397642,0.00026503968,0.00001057266,0.00026200883,0.0001783095,0.009129576],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000040816794,0.000034533525,0.00013776198,0.00019595523,0.00026482274,0.000042095682,0.00026712628,0.0001569373,0.00072899304],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056285797,0.00010393653,0.09005527,0.000040517538,0.00024630286,0.000021811546,0.00027344687,0.000005515137,0.030313896,0.0037993623,0.79926634,0.075817294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006986049,0.0001512031,0.58353335,0.000023442517,0.000027103571,0.000026966027,0.0001622439,0.00004493963,0.00242435,0.0020773048,0.4113341,0.00012513936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007995642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0059489915,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4934781,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028334069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010066677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9917762},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392316476","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4762","title":"Using phenology to unravel differential soil water use and productivity in a semiarid savanna","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Science; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Understory; Environmental science; Phenology; Eddy covariance; Ecosystem; Growing season; Productivity; Primary production; Vegetation (pathology); Soil water; Ecology; Agronomy; Canopy; Biology; Soil science","score_opus":0.016239987439271672,"score_gpt":0.21963010825089835,"score_spread":0.20339012081162666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392316476","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99698013,0.000024303627,0.0011575045,0.00027787214,0.00019051587,0.0001188222,0.000012466536,0.000030363119,0.0012080471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977012,0.000006297904,0.00058604905,0.000030777017,0.000028871395,0.000005567898,0.000007677493,0.000010937568,0.0016226],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992981,0.000026633457,0.00009785202,0.00029398868,0.000073090945,0.00021033538],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998157,0.000011371183,0.000007006257,0.00011519124,0.0000016963586,0.000049038605],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006826372,0.00009151471,0.000089229376,0.000018641826,0.00004032418,0.000077840574,0.000055783257,0.000058026504,0.0007470753],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006637968,0.00006854113,0.000016369677,0.00009103846,0.000039169536,0.00021936916,0.0001704466,0.00012297496,0.0002659862],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010558067,0.0002944474,0.14494608,0.000103183804,0.000077300756,0.0003323142,0.0071220477,0.16864942,0.63729924,0.0007546041,0.004065742,0.03625002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004644063,0.000092125934,0.16088083,0.00009996455,0.000045840825,0.0001599968,0.000057210673,0.8057535,0.012799994,0.0033127675,0.015643397,0.000689915],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00082232314,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028596641,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.63710415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096466225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005015194,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8179951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392657209","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4793","title":"Delineating wildfire burns and regrowth using satellite imagery to assess moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) spatial responses to burns","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"Habitat Conservation Trust Foundation; Fulbright Canada","keywords":"Vegetation (pathology); Wildlife; Prescribed burn; Population; Ecology; Geography; Physical geography; Environmental science; Forestry; Biology; Demography; Medicine","score_opus":0.02048326003081116,"score_gpt":0.2730947260990658,"score_spread":0.2526114660682547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392657209","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9871201,0.0009346491,0.0056355707,0.0008432845,0.00067474274,0.0006403173,0.00003776619,0.00024197529,0.0038716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9822522,0.000042589723,0.01488336,0.0005942596,0.00036840717,0.0000409044,0.0000057691636,0.00008227125,0.001730286],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974571,0.00021927945,0.00040670656,0.00085907715,0.00046025924,0.0005976143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998664,0.00043698467,0.00007824363,0.00041640058,0.0000132275945,0.00039110132],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00083219336,0.00035449117,0.00034339022,0.00006356954,0.00023970478,0.00048525754,0.0003100401,0.0001210329,0.00080821605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003101082,0.00032706728,0.000076706296,0.00064590346,0.00010002271,0.00048210754,0.0004296933,0.0002332332,0.0015103486],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003636729,0.00014894911,0.11934581,0.00049603195,0.0001389584,0.0011889543,0.004479832,0.0044303415,0.30529284,0.000061482504,0.032979283,0.53107387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012432841,0.0015794717,0.2616284,0.0040359357,0.00029025238,0.0007880071,0.0016004262,0.40416265,0.063789494,0.0005829421,0.25619048,0.0041086823],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003734875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032235864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5269652,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031253503,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039827333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991816},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392657490","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4795","title":"Fire severity drives understory community dynamics and the recovery of culturally significant plants","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Assembly of First Nations; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Understory; Species richness; Ecology; Fire regime; Ecosystem; Geography; Biodiversity; Fire ecology; Indigenous; Invasive species; Introduced species; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Biology; Canopy","score_opus":0.006306168213195685,"score_gpt":0.19506972292273764,"score_spread":0.18876355470954195,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392657490","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97058505,0.0005283956,0.000069711125,0.00032144567,0.00031052568,0.00026647732,0.00005116022,0.000058094876,0.02780914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978336,0.00015093887,0.00010548948,0.00006116094,0.000017623237,0.000009731019,0.00001035461,0.00001290696,0.0017981634],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989949,0.00034925799,0.00017394644,0.0001634229,0.0001663244,0.00015213467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990853,0.0005145273,0.00005887951,0.00029018536,0.0000034217321,0.000047692247],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005790135,0.00012388156,0.00018034558,0.000004484539,0.00018070234,0.00004956381,0.0002595042,0.00006728263,0.00070215395],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000044757988,0.00008006835,0.0000611074,0.00009091541,0.00037864732,0.000206326,0.00018959497,0.00030819039,0.00023651446],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00078069104,0.000622181,0.03185646,0.0024023794,0.00078835484,0.00015317729,0.03521519,0.0032192823,0.0064807376,0.0038134812,0.4651189,0.44954914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017776093,0.00047122163,0.38179567,0.0007801799,0.000111838344,0.00012105292,0.011989546,0.583439,0.0007067253,0.0069456743,0.010924484,0.00093702174],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004148257,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008398011,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5802197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021043408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000012845472,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7688093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392866980","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4785","title":"Geographic gradients in a functional trait: Drivers of body size and size diversity of ground invertebrate communities","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Invertebrate; Ecology; Trait; Diversity (politics); Functional diversity; Bergmann's rule; Biology; Geography; Computer science","score_opus":0.009357368439823922,"score_gpt":0.1951935515739801,"score_spread":0.18583618313415617,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392866980","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99435925,0.00015815822,0.000017277847,0.00007514797,0.00010254773,0.00006465214,0.000018830258,0.000010613881,0.005193501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991673,0.00014714272,0.000099128396,0.000041819178,0.0000025970294,0.0000031121385,0.0000029035791,0.0000030759763,0.00053289253],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995552,0.00004300642,0.000120645294,0.0000982922,0.00008892225,0.000093937735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99960357,0.00026824302,0.00003671686,0.00006286429,0.0000074023023,0.000021192822],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012532464,0.00006624412,0.000116680814,0.00001260272,0.00012737527,0.0000050314893,0.00007892313,0.000042730848,0.0018809126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020873185,0.000065105996,0.00003191497,0.00018253957,0.00042977394,0.00015140523,0.00025273432,0.00009783955,0.000016931823],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014139419,0.000056135963,0.9930884,0.00004584386,0.000050231694,0.0000036363865,0.004797863,0.00037839066,0.00008901289,0.00080339523,0.0004817672,0.0001911852],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025764783,0.000045190787,0.98621535,0.00002235513,0.000016983306,0.0000014322736,0.0017032453,0.0072503746,0.0000057783413,0.0043892693,0.000034044526,0.000058322214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019901001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029613137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027623037,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003172786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000058187993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392970723","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4808","title":"Comparison of sediment and water column nutrient processing rates in agricultural streams of contrasting buffer land use","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey","keywords":"STREAMS; Watershed; Environmental science; Water column; Riparian buffer; Hydrology (agriculture); Wetland; Buffer zone; Land cover; Nutrient; Agricultural land; Buffer strip; Sediment; Land use; Water quality; Habitat; Ecology; Geology; Biology; Riparian zone","score_opus":0.011109738765060778,"score_gpt":0.24134719538272967,"score_spread":0.2302374566176689,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392970723","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99865735,0.0003907343,0.00002492151,0.000054206186,0.00006145719,0.00013625168,0.000007820096,0.000014597924,0.00065268704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995591,0.0000137286015,0.0002273848,0.0000060497796,0.000010777077,0.00000599277,0.000013254049,0.000005999697,0.00015772058],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929017,0.000017499124,0.00023748269,0.0001687242,0.00012849204,0.00015762617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998337,0.000035779067,0.000037761652,0.00005019368,0.0000072182015,0.000035320478],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000080345184,0.00008886394,0.0001694264,0.0000088896695,0.000026962362,0.000042777927,0.000052151063,0.000038687518,0.00009062894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000050495914,0.000054798285,0.000021102649,0.000096596326,0.00006912126,0.00019025999,0.00007433787,0.00007028392,0.00001266107],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016911834,0.00010160553,0.988488,0.000107233376,0.000007902807,0.0000033501108,0.0018261482,0.0010105104,0.0032950544,0.000010006269,0.00044508078,0.004688197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007833914,0.00016032417,0.8677192,0.000432652,0.000029986122,0.0000052567284,0.0012664571,0.076850094,0.05129117,0.00065522164,0.00059335167,0.00021293179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046185774,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014782096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12076884,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048357877,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034377886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22346093},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393165625","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4814","title":"Dispersing across habitat boundaries: Uncovering the demographic fates of populations in unsuitable habitat","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Habitat; Avena fatua; Ecology; Seed dispersal; Dormancy; Biology; Patch dynamics; Population; Grassland; Germination; Agronomy","score_opus":0.014127953987694113,"score_gpt":0.2705424109095581,"score_spread":0.256414456921864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393165625","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98606414,0.0013146842,0.0005162113,0.0008865579,0.00036107627,0.00011772295,0.0000119943725,0.000031147076,0.010696454],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984045,0.000042478874,0.0005918556,0.000053234842,0.000010149807,0.000015280457,0.0000042619304,0.000009176768,0.00086906145],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99927336,0.000032535885,0.00018948712,0.00018100374,0.00009693322,0.0002266902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996719,0.00016077289,0.000033989276,0.00010802562,0.0000056335175,0.00001972],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025490942,0.00008739139,0.00010840106,0.000012327664,0.00047054567,0.0000879836,0.0001146671,0.000045078315,0.0004722668],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005812891,0.00006626156,0.000055596356,0.00043571903,0.00046917304,0.0002589627,0.0001219078,0.00013391043,0.00018314755],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004137145,0.000024158484,0.96705055,0.00003119143,0.000021306758,0.000004121118,0.0033651565,0.02301945,0.000103714425,0.0024028176,0.00281228,0.0011610892],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010536685,0.000024869965,0.95736843,0.000060742736,0.00001291673,0.0000029705022,0.0024280436,0.019474028,0.00002750517,0.017055383,0.0033280146,0.00011174839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004890656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13482046,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1343314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009354629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000132842215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8809668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394761296","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4820","title":"Management implications of habitat selection by whooping cranes (<i>Grus americana</i>) on the Texas coast","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Parks Canada","keywords":"Wildlife refuge; Habitat; Grus (genus); Geography; Wildlife; Population; Ecology; Vegetation (pathology); Spartina alterniflora; Range (aeronautics); Wildlife management; Environmental science; Endangered species; Wetland; Fishery; Marsh; Biology","score_opus":0.012587788668697506,"score_gpt":0.23445487956286382,"score_spread":0.2218670908941663,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394761296","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47915488,0.00024346929,0.00045732572,0.00666754,0.0001350892,0.0002460286,0.00011311741,0.00009126038,0.5128913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99496084,0.00018778231,0.000035637826,0.00047504195,0.000014441887,0.000038288377,0.000026922431,0.000009436533,0.0042515756],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994269,0.000018736551,0.00011236962,0.00017410207,0.00013021397,0.00013766038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997494,0.000040494007,0.000032920423,0.00014043752,0.0000046841,0.000032036],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006910575,0.000075907396,0.00006107482,0.0000060291,0.000107998065,0.000039282735,0.00013136298,0.000019489853,0.05374353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000055227238,0.000055666314,0.00004449197,0.00033143972,0.00008094596,0.00005610945,0.000053702694,0.00006298308,0.003302944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030129563,0.00004393709,0.0032369604,0.000016011865,0.000017164653,7.852968e-7,0.0000508607,0.000049161827,0.001424183,0.0058261105,0.9800444,0.009287376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000117773925,0.0000923329,0.29602295,0.000048253765,0.00003104082,0.0000053163126,0.0021208373,0.00038630958,0.002888347,0.00070268323,0.69739497,0.00018917418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020572556,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010253503,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51580596,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023260221,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002839019,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974731},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394762036","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4800","title":"Notes from the past show how local variability can stymie urchins and the rise of the reds in the Gulf of Maine","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; University of British Columbia; University of Guelph; Université du Québec à Montréal; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of Regina; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Overfishing; Climate change; Context (archaeology); Global change; Seascape; Geography; Ecology; Historical ecology; Crustose; Environmental change; Marine protected area; Oceanography; Habitat; Biology; Algae; Fishing; Geology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.007150791486510785,"score_gpt":0.17793289092886008,"score_spread":0.1707820994423493,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394762036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9553731,0.0015147603,0.00010327472,0.02141255,0.00020758715,0.00026492128,0.00076644385,0.0000075938538,0.020349754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99914384,0.000094224415,0.000025937581,0.0002441123,0.000102034544,0.0000013998912,0.000031451124,0.0000016549627,0.00035537517],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989367,0.0004776724,0.00015337086,0.00016198268,0.00013153424,0.00013873524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99738884,0.0022107328,0.00004958466,0.00032011568,0.000011775626,0.00001893839],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00092804374,0.00009279289,0.0001520082,0.0000049582745,0.00008265217,0.000041094278,0.00042079377,0.00005108398,0.0011395245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011887445,0.00003107076,0.000059522634,0.00017263426,0.0004979912,0.000036199184,0.00006148227,0.00024038756,0.0000054210354],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026332,0.000036511818,0.6417197,0.00006654664,0.0000894838,0.0000124407925,0.0038980003,0.0008163098,0.000026972128,0.0029860418,0.016434671,0.33365],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040796908,0.00010813005,0.91557837,0.00004462445,0.00005453833,0.00001838799,0.0026790195,0.017628264,0.000045187215,0.021481106,0.041842192,0.00011220404],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.051054016,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2580735,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3335378,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000019281326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004777068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977356},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394796688","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4822","title":"Comparing spatiotemporal species distribution models: A case study of a Scotian Shelf sea cucumber (<i>Cucumaria frondosa</i>)","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Ocean Frontier Institute; Dalhousie University","keywords":"Generalized linear model; Bathymetry; Generalized additive model; Covariate; Species distribution; Generalized linear mixed model; Oceanography; Fishery; Geography; Ecology; Computer science; Habitat; Cartography; Machine learning; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.04648171759728559,"score_gpt":0.256149287859387,"score_spread":0.20966757026210142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394796688","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9217004,0.00018779439,0.00071440474,0.00008767845,0.00034927388,0.0003540701,0.00026319522,0.00012549256,0.07621767],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983641,0.00001797364,0.00004289907,0.000020674495,0.00004743917,0.000027719598,0.00019873463,0.000020086432,0.0012603675],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851763,0.00006283632,0.00035185766,0.00040993982,0.00035856364,0.0002991912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994397,0.00003288935,0.00007653039,0.00031259313,0.000016452877,0.00012183431],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018525438,0.00020197254,0.00025124577,0.0000130747785,0.00015567862,0.00012489858,0.00017684548,0.00007074588,0.071171604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012429538,0.0001905863,0.0000824423,0.00037953816,0.00011619433,0.00041932953,0.0002418671,0.00017463461,0.001556188],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007230567,0.0016543672,0.46048948,0.00016219243,0.00015925005,0.0020272871,0.0065059676,0.0041015646,0.00038859664,0.0034263604,0.51889265,0.0021199868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003952819,0.00096737116,0.09834198,0.00022949105,0.00035002973,0.0011477846,0.110303774,0.7072055,0.0011624985,0.0015660145,0.0731617,0.0016110739],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.038474143,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13947725,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7031039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00059252884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001632036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992212},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394934796","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4836","title":"Contrasting resistance and resilience trajectories of zooplankton communities in restored fishless alpine lakes","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Zooplankton; Resistance (ecology); Resilience (materials science); Ecology; Environmental science; Biology; Physics","score_opus":0.006983338070577945,"score_gpt":0.2125174676532946,"score_spread":0.20553412958271666,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394934796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9607854,0.0021846644,0.00018039232,0.00009428457,0.00013754811,0.00013092629,0.000047582616,0.000032922613,0.036406305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973037,0.0001366408,0.0006929288,0.0000142825575,0.000020658701,0.000011048562,0.000009264684,0.000011384157,0.001800062],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915177,0.00007018653,0.0002819032,0.00016800642,0.00014868863,0.00017943083],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938923,0.00031400693,0.00005977252,0.00019216172,0.000005440157,0.000039408293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003358784,0.000111587455,0.0002011173,0.000015110088,0.000068421774,0.00003780518,0.00015149212,0.00005556347,0.000597763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041488118,0.00010195334,0.000021036334,0.00019435059,0.00019342096,0.00017900958,0.00006603518,0.00014265084,0.000021242027],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002663541,0.00018315048,0.84202456,0.0028977566,0.00007962958,0.00022663617,0.03316321,0.006696136,0.0046221316,0.031290036,0.057826363,0.020724038],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013388818,0.00029485166,0.7431794,0.0048969123,0.0000504281,0.000056643094,0.016550712,0.1364155,0.0012021019,0.010212145,0.08462074,0.0011817252],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013433273,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.10463176,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12971936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006429443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016364509,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9117064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4395670626","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4826","title":"Space‐use strategies drive diet composition of Baffin Bay polar bears","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Nunavut Wildlife Management Board; Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet; U.S. Department of Defense; Environment and Climate Change Canada; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Ministry of Environment; Pinngortitaleriffik; Government of Nunavut; University of Washington; Parks Canada; World Wildlife Fund; Universitetet i Oslo","keywords":"Ursus maritimus; Bay; Sea ice; Oceanography; Predation; Beluga; Geography; Beluga Whale; Fishery; Ecology; Arctic; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.011245904196019866,"score_gpt":0.22849088399335463,"score_spread":0.21724497979733476,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4395670626","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87664056,0.000984589,0.00010138822,0.00030292993,0.00011547381,0.00014636581,0.000027963846,0.00007036708,0.12161034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99723965,0.00032615988,0.001337308,0.000065553904,0.00003142998,0.0000066225743,0.000008926168,0.00001517105,0.0009691999],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920845,0.000031007192,0.00015414719,0.00023672619,0.00019029596,0.00017938497],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970263,0.00005097248,0.00003738451,0.00015668919,0.0000059719637,0.00004635347],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070776056,0.00012049507,0.0001480696,0.0000066002794,0.000061716855,0.000075065574,0.00013235543,0.000041531257,0.013050785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000008200407,0.00010788853,0.00007278049,0.00018879953,0.00009440262,0.00041230136,0.00025953795,0.00010540375,0.0018259536],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021753326,0.00050619245,0.16216494,0.0007858921,0.0004091284,0.00026658713,0.0027432113,0.004895378,0.020241287,0.028169353,0.72586507,0.05373541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021417784,0.0004973872,0.7690894,0.00017202213,0.000061190694,0.0000075059693,0.0011125832,0.0018775546,0.0013248548,0.0016886679,0.22357343,0.0003812202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004103939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010054518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6069245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000094880044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000101078185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99895126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396978528","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4854","title":"Spatiotemporal variation in the gut microbiomes of co‐occurring wild rodent species","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Gut microbiota and health","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University; University of Wyoming; Brown University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Microbiome; Rodent; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.010984340760811437,"score_gpt":0.2657579616709354,"score_spread":0.25477362091012395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396978528","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911684,0.0022933637,0.00024861158,0.0004652997,0.00019774606,0.0001452405,0.000038570815,0.000007636131,0.00543514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983658,0.00014478873,0.00029943496,0.00020241822,0.0001468877,0.000004706305,0.00007586413,0.000009064864,0.00075099576],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99943954,0.00004001423,0.00017165738,0.00016715337,0.00005578502,0.00012583956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99975264,0.000009880804,0.000037990223,0.00016794121,0.000016916347,0.000014642268],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020492074,0.00007690198,0.000082352366,0.000017965416,0.000029847746,0.000033365028,0.00013670974,0.000073768024,0.00015011027],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009698616,0.000058939277,0.000049202532,0.000092735376,0.000025718266,0.000003862197,0.000029171297,0.00007477057,0.00003647442],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012655544,0.000043530115,0.0030606552,0.00012582188,0.00002037496,0.0000038018338,0.00062314776,0.00003425751,0.93833375,0.00044102475,0.056630533,0.0006704174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004458321,0.0002216008,0.3141826,0.00016674318,0.000019808087,0.000026082409,0.00051385333,0.00015042686,0.10815707,0.00016333551,0.57570416,0.0002484833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00014555684,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005191361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8301767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017317552,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000710649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2403474},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398193382","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4847","title":"I still call Australia home: Satellite telemetry informs the protection of flatback turtles in Western Australian waters","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Turtle Biology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Chevron Australia; Woodside; Rio Tinto","keywords":"Telemetry; Geography; Satellite; Satellite tracking; Fishery; Oceanography; Telecommunications; Engineering; Biology; Geology","score_opus":0.01899945197228935,"score_gpt":0.2416640226631475,"score_spread":0.22266457069085813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398193382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973351,0.000052954565,0.000025195113,0.0009399324,0.00027142206,0.00024527535,0.0000055174173,0.000030861407,0.0010937399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98222136,0.000024612653,0.00007867736,0.000053938,0.000028915643,0.000020861622,0.000008951241,0.0000066498365,0.017556041],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99929833,0.000033876353,0.00021420048,0.00017281635,0.00010204042,0.00017873052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997617,0.000019978723,0.000041963787,0.00014481314,0.0000036983974,0.000027831937],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001868688,0.000101022895,0.00008922981,0.000013655158,0.000024619809,0.000026543717,0.00014916979,0.000116725554,0.0013612371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000761003,0.00006272273,0.000040755236,0.00022823544,0.00012533658,0.00022096699,0.000048072125,0.00019140789,0.0012693498],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010480618,0.00006576157,0.86380565,0.0001734573,0.00005638082,0.00003250208,0.004040561,0.0018311094,0.013836926,0.00022849142,0.0112952655,0.104529105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009873245,0.000055334076,0.8790099,0.000042517968,0.000007066419,0.000008138195,0.00011425814,0.00014932253,0.0038362932,0.0004648952,0.11610801,0.000105555155],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00096238323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0025354514,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10481274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007775032,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000769073,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99955165},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399470016","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4866","title":"Seasonality in functional connectivity: A case study with the American marten in Forillon National Park","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Marten; Habitat; Snow; Geography; Ecology; National park; Biodiversity; Resource (disambiguation); Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.015289842744640967,"score_gpt":0.25877869782530516,"score_spread":0.2434888550806642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399470016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880225,0.000014315393,0.00009154442,0.0023121785,0.0000746013,0.00023982655,0.00000638672,0.000021763915,0.009216904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986986,9.230073e-7,0.000049318784,0.00035283843,0.000041658288,0.0001248792,0.0000036100155,0.0000071610543,0.00072104874],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99920136,0.00009243016,0.00010883134,0.00023985251,0.00023975028,0.000117799405],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996683,0.00017173782,0.0000332384,0.00009371197,0.000009122297,0.000023881317],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034943147,0.000079911435,0.0000791935,0.00000991999,0.00007801839,0.00005616049,0.000052063107,0.000012975387,0.001646029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002015715,0.00005481804,0.000022503831,0.0005209374,0.0000651614,0.0002660345,0.00003690117,0.00015909727,0.00019020343],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000762096,0.00025762932,0.95238596,0.0000030067417,0.000020474608,0.00046036032,0.0005217098,0.0028861682,0.000012832941,0.00012914787,0.031796835,0.01144966],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020102398,0.00012767779,0.9689476,0.000010311946,0.000005528003,0.00020032181,0.0038070616,0.01187657,0.0000013615015,0.00019550636,0.014542656,0.000084393185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010067933,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13172668,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12165875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031099562,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039135604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4399983747","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4848","title":"Dead mammal walking: A month‐long march by a bison (<i>Bison bison</i>) after an ungulate–vehicle collision","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia; Yukon Department of Environment; University of Alberta","funders":"Gouvernement du Yukon; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Ungulate; Bison bison; Mammal; Ecology; Geography; Zoology; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.005822186558478918,"score_gpt":0.23170276487362368,"score_spread":0.22588057831514477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4399983747","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98760504,0.00073906477,0.0005069291,0.0013132299,0.0004309195,0.00032801408,0.000039939274,0.00019357953,0.008843282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98529726,0.000057471218,0.0008559174,0.0004282054,0.00012760265,0.00011504052,0.00005010536,0.000052982858,0.01301543],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981419,0.000094137016,0.000319324,0.0006309896,0.000383085,0.00043060302],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992847,0.000065721295,0.000059438582,0.00039716263,0.00001574239,0.00017723326],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022722206,0.00024647533,0.00017193038,0.000032644755,0.00020350442,0.0003035449,0.00025209627,0.00015608984,0.014668862],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019506446,0.00022910665,0.000106238476,0.0004979721,0.000071418326,0.001100429,0.00015818395,0.0002869483,0.0034117424],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043005214,0.00068221684,0.1992429,0.00010699704,0.00008154599,0.00026629402,0.0017380358,0.0014785738,0.0242583,0.00011616966,0.5677933,0.20380563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005740125,0.0004940427,0.47158206,0.00029359726,0.000058663394,0.0000455278,0.0004817548,0.10355893,0.003853614,0.00034445073,0.41794384,0.0007695101],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022781454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0034456197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27233914,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00033415263,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002605009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400301472","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4929","title":"How to find a wolverine: Factors affecting detection at wolverine (<i>Gulo gulo</i>) bait stations in western Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; Parks Canada; Mount Revelstoke National Park; Ministry of Forests; University of British Columbia; Government of British Columbia; Kelowna General Hospital; Canmore Museum and Geoscience Centre; Selkirk College; Pacific Insight Electronics (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Disney Conservation Fund; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Liz Claiborne Art Ortenberg Foundation; Volgenau Foundation; Alberta Conservation Association; Wilburforce Foundation; National Geographic Society; University of Calgary; McLean Foundation; Alpine Club of Canada; Parks Canada; Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative; Columbia Basin Trust","keywords":"Mark and recapture; Environmental science; Ecology; Sentinel species; Habitat; Physical geography; Geography; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.006397078116485809,"score_gpt":0.19637257464520583,"score_spread":0.18997549652872,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400301472","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958962,0.000031471318,0.000392188,0.0014364007,0.0005535266,0.00023978672,0.000016859614,0.00006287673,0.001370696],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853124,0.000004273952,0.00015535193,0.0003178921,0.000041502353,0.000032358243,0.0000136119925,0.000016893167,0.014105725],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990509,0.000040191102,0.00014708273,0.0003302197,0.00015817625,0.00027342016],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959344,0.00012862173,0.00003453274,0.0001454662,0.000004748469,0.00009320364],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112535585,0.00013990636,0.00011290569,0.00002183618,0.00015355017,0.0000669917,0.000108094166,0.00006916865,0.003261976],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006245166,0.0001411386,0.000029891693,0.0003757191,0.000021285345,0.00030525323,0.000119931414,0.00016051542,0.0003002315],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001749621,0.000023011635,0.94900113,0.000023458888,0.00001692282,0.000042092484,0.00078435,0.0050129406,0.0036630488,0.0000036759468,0.03404729,0.007364596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011833838,0.000046269204,0.96213937,0.00002222669,0.000006530916,0.0000046582977,0.00033726823,0.0009151589,0.001349746,0.000026261358,0.03486851,0.0001656898],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.13283466,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.98327595,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85044134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010184521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056669363,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976492},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400404713","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4888","title":"Nonlinear responses of ericaceous and ectomycorrhizal Arctic shrubs across a long‐term experimental nutrient gradient","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Polar Programs; Division of Environmental Biology; Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation","keywords":"Shrub; Tundra; Soil fertility; Biology; Nutrient; Ecology; Ecosystem; Agronomy; Soil water","score_opus":0.023933746458194908,"score_gpt":0.2767927558540654,"score_spread":0.25285900939587047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400404713","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.973849,0.022228852,0.0000055883916,0.00009311034,0.0005210161,0.00015730294,0.0020853938,0.000045764147,0.0010139567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980139,0.0007413508,0.00010828988,0.000069701564,0.00016411388,0.0000028248207,0.0003809913,0.000008125926,0.0005106981],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900717,0.00003768004,0.00019806874,0.00029186448,0.00016103586,0.00030417074],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947476,0.00018155642,0.000036778176,0.00015473634,0.000018545956,0.00013360602],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001255239,0.00015107967,0.00018357254,0.000023388533,0.00010179534,0.00010937956,0.00010906569,0.000055586283,0.012005403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000015796642,0.00012270766,0.000069772,0.00017107418,0.000092666836,0.00013589082,0.00003116257,0.000109942834,0.00039349828],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006999953,0.00019121998,0.96441996,0.00053219235,0.00007810866,0.00078242726,0.011045908,0.000037763835,0.0023015768,0.000036301288,0.0044832905,0.015391232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00083073194,0.0015316211,0.9569507,0.0004695895,0.000046494173,0.0006682025,0.0036123248,0.009398034,0.009238836,0.00011012896,0.016536428,0.00060687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011086599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042181253,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024164887,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000010347285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029158738,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98889774},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400463043","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4885","title":"Growing degree‐days do not explain moth species' distributions at broad scales","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Degree (music); Ecology; Biology; Degree day; Environmental science; Geography; Physics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.03190491932954861,"score_gpt":0.2437751462974114,"score_spread":0.21187022696786278,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400463043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.57513624,0.00060763815,0.00043621272,0.0014901746,0.00049043895,0.00013512984,0.00095602067,0.000255074,0.42049307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97819763,0.00022231526,0.000118987686,0.00025551164,0.00012965703,0.00003596129,0.0003748096,0.000025850124,0.020639269],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998471,0.000032876982,0.00022560322,0.00046609034,0.0003443052,0.000460124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99940324,0.000063289684,0.000034012777,0.00030734035,0.0000073471556,0.00018478658],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000153689,0.00020722025,0.0001558653,0.000011689313,0.00037545466,0.00019725232,0.00025889534,0.000099228724,0.44830403],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036796868,0.0001900831,0.00015838908,0.00037578196,0.0001982868,0.00039499323,0.00035478748,0.00016710287,0.04783703],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013699919,0.00007196309,0.0019445581,0.000027924547,0.000022363954,0.00009878515,0.0002039306,0.000034227247,0.011742554,0.016064692,0.960205,0.00957028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021188013,0.000032300362,0.088050686,0.0000433362,0.000020421252,0.000048930036,0.0014535857,0.0003834483,0.006622969,0.00024986567,0.90252787,0.00035472555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000983721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001142666,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4030614,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015391106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008912201,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95290434},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401377035","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4967","title":"Landscape, demographic, and dispersal parameters influence the spread and establishment of an aquatic biological invasion","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Biological dispersal; Brown trout; Ecology; Salmo; Abiotic component; Metapopulation; Occupancy; Biotic component; Population; Range (aeronautics); Biology; Fishery","score_opus":0.009042414286153148,"score_gpt":0.21128753708629858,"score_spread":0.20224512280014542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401377035","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99428415,0.0003930538,0.000022648714,0.00071875006,0.00004406137,0.00014871512,0.000001955157,0.000022770299,0.004363885],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986718,0.00062051404,0.0003415649,0.00026989268,0.0000044227613,0.00001536038,0.0000016333735,0.0000031100838,0.000071697126],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994805,0.0000407462,0.00009211763,0.00020615837,0.00006608969,0.00011437358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970704,0.00013927871,0.000021107522,0.00009977128,0.0000011908423,0.000031579588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018960287,0.0000745038,0.0000851062,0.000008505394,0.00009997123,0.000030244193,0.00008828365,0.00003698293,0.00031090376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034904595,0.00004344009,0.000014779996,0.00011227633,0.0003504111,0.00017067928,0.00021015915,0.0000682362,0.000028594048],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002161462,0.00004970904,0.97023016,0.00003404654,0.000047425383,0.0000127835065,0.0007012677,0.00014773593,0.00016257179,0.000526887,0.017470257,0.010595519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000108974695,0.0002433895,0.9909101,0.000020357971,0.000027647633,0.0000040905074,0.00062965887,0.0042161383,0.00004752003,0.0020504885,0.0016573537,0.00008428998],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019804125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003212401,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020679908,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000068433637,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000015800163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34041783},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402161815","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4956","title":"Extending Canadian forest disturbance history maps prior to 1985","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Canadian Forest Service","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Forest inventory; Mountain pine beetle; Environmental science; Mean squared error; Forest management; Geography; Physical geography; Forestry; Agroforestry; Statistics; Mathematics; Biology","score_opus":0.005566547706981484,"score_gpt":0.18861952933381693,"score_spread":0.18305298162683545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402161815","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5743269,0.0031925438,0.00016024374,0.00105341,0.0039846334,0.0006425179,0.000042753996,0.0002655309,0.4163315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95789874,0.000005841171,0.00052890094,0.000409152,0.00015866809,0.00006351164,0.000007274063,0.000043474036,0.040884435],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99869347,0.000030586776,0.00015733611,0.00044976437,0.00020324823,0.0004655805],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991858,0.000049071892,0.000021061225,0.0003258304,0.0000028227798,0.00041540782],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021168645,0.00016124989,0.00013364013,0.00002651413,0.00009802317,0.00006047483,0.0002963239,0.00006549199,0.013112849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004323584,0.00015723448,0.00005853758,0.00020479562,0.000038230202,0.00022535768,0.00008122183,0.00014798883,0.034254845],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000025763632,0.000008445429,0.007328209,0.000046799392,0.000007716831,0.0001681333,0.0003996272,0.00023953339,0.00027177346,0.00032233412,0.96065265,0.030552223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000045795372,0.000034559238,0.06936714,0.0000877728,0.0000054275233,0.000014641383,0.00001900474,0.0031310257,0.000033380125,0.00007762473,0.9269734,0.00021021128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.17583679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7148547,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5390179,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0038653037,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000729629,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402346527","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4980","title":"Wild bird mass mortalities in eastern Canada associated with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A( <scp>H5N1</scp> ) virus, 2022","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Viral Infections and Vectors","field":"Medicine","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Cégep de Rivière-du-Loup; Université du Québec à Montréal; Memorial University of Newfoundland; University of Prince Edward Island; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Influenza A virus subtype H5N1; Outbreak; Geography; Population; Uria aalge; Waterfowl; Wildlife; Biology; Demography; Mortality rate; Fishery; Ecology; Seabird; Virus; Predation; Virology; Habitat","score_opus":0.01244862396733222,"score_gpt":0.23450449598473902,"score_spread":0.22205587201740679,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402346527","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874264,0.002381269,0.000011495103,0.0005798587,0.0004448559,0.00030418465,0.00008936145,0.000193714,0.008568887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9821232,0.00004034481,0.000011228982,0.001181443,0.00016239658,0.00005643041,0.00002599184,0.00007200822,0.016326934],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986599,0.000076358105,0.00026284152,0.00028859577,0.00032201738,0.000390303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993378,0.00014074151,0.00006330714,0.0002876558,0.000052651223,0.00011786751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020161478,0.00022418513,0.00027255184,0.00004552606,0.00011924798,0.00008674748,0.000111585636,0.00010509163,0.0004169269],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008334699,0.0001461341,0.00008253296,0.00064833416,0.000054049964,0.00012470347,0.000032066993,0.00048505497,0.0001345499],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028889635,0.00014969478,0.7210232,0.0001799791,0.00082835736,0.001295021,0.0012728063,0.0005277774,0.0017583526,0.00048458707,0.27084658,0.0016047565],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013152563,0.00050834037,0.69326717,0.0007518975,0.0003041397,0.00006401756,0.0030905514,0.0027162663,0.00060621416,0.00013521854,0.29697895,0.00026196812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.38000178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.93373156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5537298,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042136913,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00063924503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62412685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402349131","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4964","title":"From land to deep sea: A continuum of cumulative human impacts on marine habitats in Atlantic Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coastal and Marine Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Bedford Institute of Oceanography","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Habitat; Bioregion; Ecosystem; Marine habitats; Cumulative effects; Geography; Climate change; Marine spatial planning; Fishing; Marine protected area; Ecology; Marine ecosystem; Environmental science; Environmental resource management; Fishery; Biology","score_opus":0.005526486460448876,"score_gpt":0.2170756201623487,"score_spread":0.21154913370189982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402349131","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.82985175,0.000012376108,0.000011515684,0.00037730046,0.0000945937,0.00015658622,0.000013160041,0.000012172394,0.16947052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957316,0.0000018996274,0.00009284157,0.00013993826,0.000029936085,0.000007204851,0.000020608773,0.00000882421,0.0039671613],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992854,0.000015579295,0.00014041453,0.00021587961,0.00016986523,0.00017285549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997298,0.000041097577,0.000020484827,0.00013004681,0.0000024026597,0.000076155186],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000056095058,0.00009663507,0.00012515325,0.000011873127,0.000019924571,0.000018747674,0.00010395085,0.000015780059,0.0067409575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012860212,0.00008211806,0.000022703325,0.00016189614,0.000015494008,0.000048128717,0.0007552991,0.000069097245,0.00024616357],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007942888,0.00014897306,0.5335986,0.000084205814,0.00006648115,0.0004722205,0.001028805,0.0039004337,0.0008788323,0.00024396258,0.37690604,0.082592025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024647004,0.00010790231,0.97725105,0.0000726614,0.000008835107,4.4735575e-7,0.0000898541,0.0011069943,0.00020646474,0.0026967404,0.01807815,0.00013445564],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.92693484,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9970485,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44365245,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021656108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014198206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99416703},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402451614","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.4947","title":"Hookworm prevalence in ocelots in Costa Rica is inconsistent with spillover from domestic dogs despite high overlap","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Zoonotic diseases and public health","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Rufford Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation","keywords":"Spillover effect; Geography; Ecology; Biology; Economics","score_opus":0.00857046458930289,"score_gpt":0.26676853531245653,"score_spread":0.25819807072315365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402451614","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96725035,0.008079867,0.00002817149,0.0034358297,0.0002730488,0.00060087774,0.00011605618,0.000080992846,0.020134823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936116,0.0010872238,0.00064649875,0.0022012324,0.00013178031,0.000039471877,0.000036339123,0.00004031516,0.0022055414],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998235,0.0000482992,0.00038975512,0.0005293994,0.00035941802,0.0004381383],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989437,0.00020613076,0.000053580752,0.00041855586,0.00004428386,0.00033373566],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021164306,0.00022252262,0.00038624567,0.00007877245,0.000025620298,0.00007573016,0.000119031596,0.00010740594,0.0069818846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009586071,0.00017138875,0.00006324283,0.0005513097,0.000054646247,0.00018011288,0.000055309323,0.00035696628,0.0005518273],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0012884786,0.0014697232,0.78737074,0.0043223402,0.00028187968,0.0075143357,0.002912001,0.00017773616,0.000033685006,0.002910825,0.09416485,0.09755339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022894403,0.00043807158,0.96493614,0.003124867,0.00010452889,0.000043151984,0.00026909888,0.00199664,0.000007402947,0.0012833262,0.025232304,0.00027503897],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0047651934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012261833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17756537,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039023158,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008314558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99392587},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404126753","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70051","title":"Strengths and limitations of using participatory science data to characterize a wildlife mass mortality event","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Wildlife; Geography; Event (particle physics); Citizen science; Event data; Citizen journalism; Environmental resource management; Environmental science; Ecology; Data science; Biology; Computer science","score_opus":0.14005739939419473,"score_gpt":0.3364313012429606,"score_spread":0.19637390184876588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404126753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99710673,0.000045402256,0.0005112842,0.00063961593,0.00018370427,0.00012583719,0.00004156558,0.000023795475,0.0013220548],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99727935,0.000022552562,0.0021318852,0.00042427206,0.00002332752,0.000009020196,0.000009355699,0.000005399353,0.00009483651],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99914145,0.000030126612,0.00017357642,0.0003259687,0.0001657163,0.00016318398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993447,0.00017715294,0.000037617927,0.00033878195,0.000007782032,0.000093935196],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048723133,0.000066964,0.000081365215,0.000013612414,0.00011807213,0.00003448441,0.00024024185,0.000030007348,0.00060639885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040972797,0.00006544765,0.000012282019,0.00031378237,0.00023692641,0.00056508934,0.0002725475,0.00006117348,0.00014962626],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018284314,0.00015128986,0.8880203,0.00006257348,0.000056325298,0.000019557601,0.0017534327,0.0024274655,0.045860283,0.0009476281,0.01790107,0.042781793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000044414668,0.00002316383,0.9434907,0.0000261272,0.000025677753,0.0000017395189,0.00012491705,0.04802821,0.00019490233,0.00020873194,0.0077468557,0.00008455242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001351064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005491433,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.055470407,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006156779,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000074431126,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6639642},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404251004","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70053","title":"Climate, predation, and the controls of island lizard abundance and community structure","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Predation; Lizard; Abundance (ecology); Ecology; Community structure; Geography; Climate change; Biology","score_opus":0.008698231411255515,"score_gpt":0.22414340937340405,"score_spread":0.21544517796214854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404251004","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94752866,0.0012167239,0.0000240801,0.0005946791,0.00005977154,0.00013522492,0.00029665825,0.000020078704,0.050124127],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990865,0.00045999442,0.000016972746,0.000113826485,0.000010133392,0.0000052026653,0.000023661703,0.000004384843,0.00027933603],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995647,0.00008066139,0.00009838363,0.00008708298,0.00007719977,0.00009194945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996881,0.00012318362,0.000029076129,0.00012828966,0.000005081714,0.000026270764],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019787069,0.00006236684,0.00009362939,0.0000023611267,0.00019436267,0.0000609855,0.000080978956,0.000033102333,0.025552906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028524719,0.00003959323,0.000016962871,0.00007147054,0.00032458626,0.000095064745,0.00011335224,0.00013283522,0.00006838231],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063016027,0.00022833892,0.086817764,0.0009932279,0.00019450417,0.000010834979,0.019723523,0.00013919054,0.015045129,0.07555216,0.75548214,0.045183036],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027007062,0.00014590286,0.81129146,0.00010810482,0.00007416206,0.000046386718,0.008011438,0.0033322058,0.0012632052,0.008450474,0.16428277,0.0002932078],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00021067203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032146291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72447366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030609834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000022036909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97533786},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404556441","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70072","title":"Agricultural mosaics offer nesting habitat to dabbling ducks in the arid Intermountain West of the United States","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research, Ducks Unlimited Canada; Colorado Water Conservation Board; Colorado Parks and Wildlife","keywords":"Nesting (process); Habitat; Arid; Geography; Agriculture; Ecology; Waterfowl; Agroforestry; Environmental science; Biology; Archaeology","score_opus":0.00857915084597235,"score_gpt":0.21657493040522652,"score_spread":0.20799577955925416,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404556441","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9819227,0.00005260231,0.00006933645,0.005081678,0.00017401253,0.00021240408,0.0000057096067,0.000020152089,0.012461413],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99776876,0.000010010757,0.000109561326,0.00095554796,0.000040587453,0.000012634072,0.000010586953,0.000006850975,0.0010854866],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992813,0.000056773955,0.0001551188,0.00016020569,0.00017955595,0.00016705219],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99969816,0.00008699173,0.000025916368,0.00016068257,0.0000035840885,0.000024666158],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025325525,0.00009300878,0.00007285627,0.000011952291,0.00007355968,0.000083967985,0.00033760787,0.00002089117,0.0003978155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028212782,0.000043149004,0.000041262618,0.00060178566,0.000042697255,0.00008515566,0.00020317624,0.00013620335,0.000211821],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017390763,0.00014172134,0.3400935,0.00012740525,0.00003426067,0.000050216513,0.016943552,0.18075436,0.0014715258,0.0006425847,0.44473997,0.014983536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016314919,0.00005859163,0.8960615,0.00027193394,0.000020475796,0.000007754204,0.008336829,0.012638812,0.00024080569,0.0005618987,0.08144262,0.00019563649],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007016612,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023076776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.555968,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006573993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031513866,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43558007},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405216556","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70077","title":"Resistance and resilience of soil microbiomes under climate change","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Genomics; Genome Canada","keywords":"Climate change; Biology; Ecology; Amplicon sequencing; Microbiome; Microbial population biology; Resistance (ecology); Ecosystem; Abundance (ecology); Taxon; 16S ribosomal RNA","score_opus":0.011927738768380124,"score_gpt":0.21214502203170799,"score_spread":0.20021728326332786,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405216556","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95597595,0.0121926805,0.0000017329279,0.0014185179,0.00024379008,0.000076111224,0.0008606669,0.000049933682,0.029180592],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99267095,0.0044196295,0.00006504513,0.00010805646,0.000118334625,0.000006555247,0.000070811715,6.0801267e-7,0.0025400259],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995775,0.000015382187,0.00009226678,0.00014808374,0.000045959878,0.00012079913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995556,0.0003525697,0.00002047773,0.000026216758,0.000013885585,0.00003126975],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006018965,0.000059324735,0.00007280911,0.0000036532351,0.00006347082,0.000039929368,0.000064959844,0.00003683071,0.0041421354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009944597,0.000022799493,0.000031088803,0.00015111295,0.00000886285,0.00010931683,0.000027870401,0.000053411444,0.00034176564],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000958313,0.000072306844,0.0062463363,0.00033063174,0.000035580317,0.000034799872,0.00046873195,0.0000060806,0.5526937,0.039113786,0.32484278,0.07605938],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006222467,0.00023414259,0.06724855,0.0015524924,0.00004286953,0.00008123157,0.0014179801,0.00051145436,0.017861344,0.008161095,0.90229666,0.00052992196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023748404,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021819638,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5774539,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005454008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002283223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99676824},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405216733","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70101","title":"The temporal scale of energy maximization explains allometric variations in movement decisions of large herbivores","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Nelson Mandela University; Inyuvesi Yakwazulu-Natali","keywords":"Foraging; Herbivore; Ecology; Biology; Optimal foraging theory; Range (aeronautics); Habitat; Grazing","score_opus":0.007356268640854493,"score_gpt":0.22066918026291105,"score_spread":0.21331291162205657,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405216733","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97587305,0.00042862748,0.012521564,0.0007770014,0.00020348205,0.000111949754,0.000013148447,0.000016731572,0.010054459],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974133,0.00013083829,0.0009711487,0.00011634698,0.000010763594,0.000026057107,0.000011411276,0.0000056604476,0.0013144948],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993157,0.000052383217,0.00025521722,0.00012672946,0.0001339633,0.00011604154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99950963,0.0002568076,0.000062253355,0.00014239989,0.0000085992615,0.00002032187],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029726827,0.000054459502,0.000076122065,0.000034589484,0.00008248035,0.000010885135,0.00013034078,0.000051391547,0.0017795888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000827851,0.000041949665,0.000034905726,0.0007909703,0.000046458335,0.00013121696,0.000072878276,0.000049358005,0.000054013733],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014037307,0.00020311895,0.9448637,0.000007832647,0.000019725472,0.0000022990787,0.000351338,0.006254349,0.000170734,0.015057048,0.023938686,0.009117184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017096307,0.00004044764,0.95074075,0.000028366772,0.000007911251,3.9705623e-7,0.00018139007,0.0321505,0.0003070752,0.008974194,0.007337639,0.000060392536],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00043203897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013247175,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.025896149,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006507928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022570895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99913293},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405435894","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70119","title":"Fire return intervals and recruitment affect population growth rate of canopy trees in tall open forest in humid savanna","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Canopy; Environmental science; Population; Ecology; Tree canopy; Affect (linguistics); Forestry; Woody plant; Agroforestry; Geography; Biology; Demography","score_opus":0.022837111304194812,"score_gpt":0.27829187159018964,"score_spread":0.25545476028599484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405435894","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99179065,0.00066323613,0.000004016084,0.00019520642,0.00023560795,0.0012371099,0.000011844077,0.000022662176,0.0058396617],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897665,0.00004935359,0.00011954761,0.00003598513,0.00002041071,0.00013556167,0.000016347245,0.000023112127,0.00062300847],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987841,0.00021470597,0.0003184847,0.0003305484,0.00011305313,0.00023905773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99955875,0.00012717968,0.00007320568,0.00017818472,0.0000025031188,0.00006020502],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073705934,0.0001509836,0.00026359732,0.000027505912,0.000021882857,0.00007356725,0.00022497136,0.00007635464,0.000626888],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007634496,0.0001336827,0.00003449106,0.00029204655,0.000032248903,0.00055671565,0.0002756751,0.00012292643,0.000103379425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056953024,0.00010030915,0.9681236,0.00024084967,0.000016273478,0.00004951693,0.0013976766,0.0005376979,0.0034506915,0.00008895786,0.010281359,0.015656086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038830627,0.00018988745,0.97334373,0.00065988256,0.0000059388753,0.0000053879126,0.000078794874,0.022410195,0.0012387222,0.00054975675,0.00096134254,0.00016806925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026191002,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1719562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1457652,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00037911336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009064608,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9802937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405435991","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70116","title":"Historical dynamics of marginal populations at the leading edge of a temperate species in the boreal‐temperate ecotone","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec à Rimouski; Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts (Québec); Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Temperate climate; Ecotone; Boreal; Ecology; Taiga; Temperate rainforest; Geography; Biology; Ecosystem; Habitat","score_opus":0.034669993554126644,"score_gpt":0.2641748576293805,"score_spread":0.22950486407525383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405435991","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9430663,0.003960219,0.000006799608,0.0036657255,0.00028890176,0.00013089785,0.00004538728,0.000008976886,0.048826803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905286,0.00017994111,0.00006082379,0.000030123212,0.000037277954,0.000002717184,0.000074632975,0.000002269472,0.009083638],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902964,0.00021318407,0.00023899517,0.00015013844,0.00014257053,0.00022546989],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937797,0.0003523717,0.000040721086,0.00017758316,0.000026090109,0.000025253523],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006059408,0.000083235704,0.00017508549,0.000039211256,0.0001567923,0.00001845319,0.00025000513,0.00008050113,0.0031474505],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041273113,0.000046489797,0.000059357546,0.00033973792,0.00020244511,0.00007028636,0.000018065613,0.0002749731,0.00028805799],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025705986,0.000011610272,0.9864296,0.00004319864,0.000013246769,0.00002060317,0.000490683,0.00066730555,0.0000073551673,0.0023116742,0.009610367,0.00036865848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000087272216,0.000071037604,0.9830389,0.000025421648,0.000012693967,0.000060283586,0.00036599615,0.009461172,0.000025598365,0.0010711132,0.0057186894,0.00006183343],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010314679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.12611082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12507936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013050523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006080163,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977638},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405536455","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70086","title":"Quantifying uncertainty in anthropogenic causes of injury and mortality for an endangered baleen whale","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Endangered species; Right whale; Baleen; Whale; Fishery; Geography; Marine mammal; Ecology; Environmental science; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.055413274557245956,"score_gpt":0.3337535758169205,"score_spread":0.27834030125967457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405536455","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99417275,0.0019595637,0.000021298954,0.000045942168,0.00007987266,0.00025952517,0.000056233646,0.000027420105,0.003377418],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998927,0.0005483735,0.00031111707,0.000035271267,0.000023373046,0.000025092104,0.0000045708716,0.000012645093,0.00011254089],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991803,0.00003041549,0.00020035317,0.00029734982,0.00010895598,0.00018258681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999705,0.000058678117,0.000034791276,0.00015169919,0.0000046130986,0.000045195065],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023783572,0.0001055238,0.00018402745,0.000007996148,0.00005195388,0.000021698637,0.00010201435,0.000038964725,0.0024872785],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000029187073,0.00009500646,0.000044033735,0.00015783806,0.00012033911,0.00020356145,0.00018855686,0.000061221814,0.00003215192],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006528328,0.0001686207,0.87404984,0.0007747039,0.000091943286,0.000017043501,0.0011876562,0.00030148396,0.0038583635,0.00072613725,0.011132075,0.107626826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020181372,0.0002697245,0.970961,0.00008471284,0.00003590099,0.0000023798516,0.00052549085,0.0067118537,0.0010088965,0.00071595673,0.019260745,0.00022152597],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013206415,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13229369,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.119087264,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000822914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009697335,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405560709","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70075","title":"Differential coping capacities underlie the overall resistance of temperate seagrasses to herbivory","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine and coastal plant biology","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Australian Research Council; Total; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación","keywords":"Herbivore; Seagrass; Biology; Ecology; Ecosystem; Posidonia oceanica; Ecosystem engineer; Canopy; Zostera marina; Foundation species; Biodiversity","score_opus":0.013023723421871483,"score_gpt":0.20438237415646254,"score_spread":0.19135865073459107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405560709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8768997,0.002385665,0.00012716123,0.00097615237,0.00056699663,0.00010880656,0.00009324421,0.000046527617,0.11879574],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9695332,0.00012036469,0.00007467955,0.00029909614,0.00013668614,0.0000012415051,0.00003156188,0.0000027711476,0.029800376],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935466,0.000047925856,0.000144457,0.00016773764,0.000103019884,0.00018221018],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996304,0.00016462599,0.000021867787,0.0001226595,0.000015800038,0.000044631335],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000070291826,0.00009563313,0.00012457547,0.0000137658335,0.00008861902,0.00007151704,0.00016042918,0.00004018907,0.007623163],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010827639,0.000058025333,0.000046267764,0.00009561417,0.00006996649,0.00007735042,0.000018876955,0.00010533926,0.0003043538],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005230656,0.000050105373,0.04673221,0.0021166452,0.00044482312,0.00015767735,0.0031630674,0.0026217056,0.0038157075,0.022591213,0.82160777,0.09617598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00036779934,0.00048279963,0.15657973,0.0007116654,0.000066782304,0.000041777846,0.002673743,0.0030505038,0.0034472486,0.013485423,0.81831986,0.0007726746],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040799757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07743766,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10984753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000027128283,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004785409,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.993284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405809800","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70120","title":"Aligning urban forest management actions with urban sustainability goals: A multi‐city expert elicitation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Urban Green Space and Health","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sustainability; Environmental resource management; Environmental planning; Expert elicitation; Urban forest; Urban forestry; Urban sustainability; Urban planning; Forest management; Geography; Business; Environmental science; Ecology; Forestry","score_opus":0.019956443508108358,"score_gpt":0.28672280627347196,"score_spread":0.2667663627653636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405809800","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9198459,0.0008226489,0.020261005,0.0030449517,0.00026083773,0.0012928486,0.00001139931,0.00046815764,0.053992245],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97625494,0.00004516142,0.00653667,0.00027128134,0.0000912477,0.00014275938,0.000011417383,0.000029150022,0.016617388],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986307,0.00004568489,0.00018434366,0.0004813268,0.00026486913,0.00039307843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942887,0.00004475474,0.0000439965,0.00032147884,0.000014827259,0.00014604788],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002228442,0.00017507793,0.00013272489,0.000022673225,0.00027518265,0.00010047171,0.00015178717,0.00006198498,0.0024462028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000011969977,0.00014645334,0.000059276936,0.00036878107,0.00010046493,0.00042737823,0.000097003525,0.00016316122,0.0007403129],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032538224,0.0001748933,0.60667855,0.00013622336,0.000051339175,0.000062392,0.004066614,0.0011572451,0.00003968482,0.0010667532,0.37499526,0.0115385465],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006081037,0.0002667128,0.5943982,0.00013901466,0.000059172646,0.000009104359,0.007969196,0.017868742,0.000057646972,0.0008462173,0.37725365,0.0005242265],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003056263,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.018889084,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05640902,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00085448363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033741213,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405810054","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70109","title":"Biogeochemical evidence raises questions on the longevity of warming‐induced growth enhancements in wet boreal forests","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada; U.S. Forest Service; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Polar Knowledge Canada","keywords":"Boreal; Longevity; Biogeochemical cycle; Taiga; Ecology; Environmental science; Global warming; Climate change; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.02216163362373478,"score_gpt":0.27143221609019513,"score_spread":0.24927058246646036,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405810054","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9786542,0.00014255279,0.000026865991,0.0013479783,0.00012417628,0.00015534845,0.000017305849,0.000023242565,0.019508319],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99944216,0.00011303392,0.00006056844,0.00010189273,0.00003811094,0.00003918248,0.0000100007255,0.0000073169813,0.00018770684],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912524,0.00005593654,0.00018274537,0.00025895282,0.00016140529,0.00021574202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942315,0.00030500584,0.00003596934,0.00018344242,0.000005012435,0.000047442376],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025823904,0.0001063297,0.00012575852,0.000014222451,0.000049739145,0.000018645063,0.00022501775,0.0000688615,0.00281489],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016469443,0.00007048703,0.000048697842,0.00022908904,0.00009851901,0.00012054754,0.00011712959,0.00015860818,0.00037147565],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000089464826,0.0003476406,0.8332311,0.000076348864,0.000035433797,0.000079332574,0.0006069517,0.000076505494,0.019965626,0.0019836475,0.13183135,0.011676574],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002108771,0.00028030475,0.9562523,0.00038496547,0.0000170806,0.000007350427,0.00003846262,0.001739273,0.0337787,0.0053960574,0.0016982905,0.0001963359],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001394949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0059104613,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13013306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000102393045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000020517933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99809664},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406346655","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70162","title":"A long‐term study on food choices and nutritional goals of a leaf‐eating primate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Vancouver Island University","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Universität Konstanz; Baden-Württemberg Stiftung; Wildlife Conservation Society; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst; National Geographic Society; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Primate; Term (time); Psychology; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.030659592748760355,"score_gpt":0.3564645018983255,"score_spread":0.32580490914956517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406346655","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91931564,0.00039425225,0.000013513011,0.00007407233,0.00028237747,0.0003811029,0.000029372706,0.000039235503,0.07947045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978963,0.000007789811,0.00008189028,0.00012489226,0.00003433497,0.00010847707,0.000008334116,0.000010888525,0.0017270535],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990861,0.00007651928,0.0002629123,0.00028199033,0.00007573958,0.0002167312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994752,0.00013314428,0.000092873015,0.00023285262,0.000030707495,0.00003525973],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014031597,0.00012108682,0.00025471186,0.000043849937,0.00008021665,0.000017785616,0.00013327748,0.00009261773,0.0024127488],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000020250432,0.00011809714,0.00004359106,0.00010883814,0.000044597124,0.00004659786,0.00007413162,0.00012505881,0.00011365874],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014251136,0.0016445074,0.9859323,0.00007820109,0.00014314061,0.00001990415,0.00076955894,0.0000010681297,0.00036121337,0.002635265,0.0036793558,0.004592987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018179528,0.0009099861,0.9955741,0.000058929327,0.000047626792,0.000006111259,0.0006881884,0.0000017678201,0.00027922125,0.00035074414,0.00017148518,0.0000938614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003094471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001861707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.078580715,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028980938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022120616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99849916},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406403538","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70161","title":"Migration strategy and constraint in migration behavior vary among shorebird species with different life histories","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico; U.S. Geological Survey; Universidad Austral de Chile; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Animal Behavior Society; Waterbird Society; Robert J. Kleberg, Jr. and Helen C. Kleberg Foundation; Texas Parks and Wildlife Department; University of South Carolina; Webster Groves Nature Study Society; University of Missouri; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Ecology; Constraint (computer-aided design); Biology; Foraging; Geography; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007983678171760098,"score_gpt":0.204263864155665,"score_spread":0.1962801859839049,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406403538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99052024,0.00006183372,0.000069688984,0.00034628445,0.00008438378,0.0002702032,0.000005439913,0.000027870867,0.008614068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929238,0.00002092665,0.0001372177,0.00006142868,0.000010859959,0.00007031041,0.000014305133,0.000005708875,0.0067554587],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993163,0.00003216829,0.00016864711,0.00023968643,0.000086438646,0.00015680594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997622,0.000020378488,0.000048693306,0.000110184315,0.0000051781967,0.000053386306],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000050980158,0.00012866511,0.00013778881,0.000016926724,0.00013932954,0.000023635816,0.00006863046,0.000097803175,0.0028635573],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000087193175,0.00010425067,0.000017996083,0.000104064755,0.0003513042,0.00019649256,0.00005457084,0.00013226186,0.000016456703],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020871315,0.00014899814,0.99338484,0.000004665617,0.0000038495923,0.000012869742,0.0004014124,0.0000635128,0.00042999838,0.00013851275,0.0031495974,0.0022409027],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00026260584,0.00014143082,0.9972861,0.000014442755,0.00003057194,0.0000023374093,0.00083981367,0.000077239514,0.00043277818,0.000065227854,0.00072855456,0.00011889587],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00033284503,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1205715,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.120238654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016974112,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021850208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99804795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406605489","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70149","title":"<i>Pseudogymnoascus destructans</i> environmental reservoir decreases 11 years after an outbreak of white‐nose syndrome","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Bat Biology and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Trent University; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Liber Ero Foundation; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Outbreak; White (mutation); Ecology; Biology; Zoology; Geography; Virology","score_opus":0.006077816814738974,"score_gpt":0.19333733041727846,"score_spread":0.18725951360253948,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406605489","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99576676,0.000807281,2.9388391e-7,0.000497391,0.00017308792,0.0001331471,0.00010991257,0.00003931409,0.00247283],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977064,0.000119551216,0.0001223254,0.00036312305,0.000036384754,0.00003365826,0.000047797264,0.0000010675988,0.0015696726],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990296,0.00009363628,0.00021695347,0.0003146658,0.000068884256,0.00027630967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965125,0.00010408458,0.00006224531,0.00010259606,0.000011935797,0.0000679071],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000114454146,0.00014681327,0.00025371587,0.000007052272,0.00020495233,0.000008925484,0.00025836148,0.00019161699,0.003448322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024405172,0.00006647342,0.00009411682,0.00013886545,0.00024851042,0.0001087948,0.0002349385,0.00010311182,0.00008239909],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011486376,0.00024459214,0.98170763,0.000008974349,0.00007161124,0.00006140445,0.000108054155,0.00000393094,0.004812584,0.00007689323,0.0072620837,0.005527361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015951289,0.0002576023,0.9874578,0.000016712162,0.000029094408,0.000023245462,0.00070313655,0.00000389957,0.00040372423,0.00064740155,0.010166234,0.00013159607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016800434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006645823,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0064778184,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024958967,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000090279555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406645998","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70155","title":"Living in fear: How experience shapes caribou responses to predation risk","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; World Wildlife Fund Canada; Ministère des Transports; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Université du Québec à Rimouski; World Wildlife Fund","keywords":"Predation; Ecology; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.007563409699432704,"score_gpt":0.23599389821808353,"score_spread":0.22843048851865083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406645998","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9855966,0.000027489983,0.00050950184,0.0020082677,0.000110370325,0.00017564428,0.0000030928961,0.00003241628,0.0115365945],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98877895,0.000012036993,0.0008374525,0.000732017,0.000011996502,0.00007227421,0.0000013446498,0.0000037510092,0.009550154],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930483,0.00011580467,0.00010391457,0.00023788142,0.0000783772,0.00015918893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996172,0.00017919386,0.000037730922,0.00012928042,0.000004812957,0.000031758776],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023941058,0.000070992566,0.00007338987,0.000019248702,0.00012888396,0.00003383899,0.00015394726,0.0000651664,0.0025830262],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004527593,0.00007435448,0.000017343978,0.00031642444,0.00004070381,0.00025760074,0.00013428251,0.00009100217,0.00040747266],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023260203,0.000023943296,0.97385,0.0000018216476,0.0000021628,0.0000016685769,0.0013016142,0.0006879789,0.00016481992,0.00006429972,0.01805961,0.005818819],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007064881,0.000024297668,0.9910339,0.000024807707,0.000002834735,4.0325403e-7,0.00066196587,0.0014036373,0.00012579351,0.00019909524,0.0063769845,0.00007564419],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00074988627,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010852901,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017183885,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013397084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018352663,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99832875},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407615346","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70183","title":"An accurate and efficient semiautomated approach to counting birds: Estimating Northern Gannet colony size in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Acadia University","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Statistics; Biology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.004122751104777087,"score_gpt":0.20246657420534195,"score_spread":0.19834382310056486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407615346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880406,0.00001478932,0.00029220764,0.000266313,0.0001081655,0.00023241466,0.000003703446,0.00003848787,0.011003302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949187,4.3147318e-7,0.0037114455,0.0011235287,0.000008858069,0.000031353746,0.0000043323516,0.000006867068,0.00019446343],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999176,0.000059245394,0.00018035824,0.00026920263,0.0000940531,0.00022111702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996464,0.000105929284,0.00005239205,0.00013039714,0.000007724041,0.000057132173],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025525916,0.000096180556,0.000114470975,0.0000084657895,0.00013626559,0.000027243477,0.00013233753,0.00004923488,0.0002312722],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000113407375,0.00009850199,0.0000068384284,0.0003232448,0.000026199075,0.00008022816,0.0000757755,0.000095732,0.000041872994],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000071505924,0.000034819084,0.7196392,0.00001057493,0.0000036780361,0.000004011034,0.00024667114,0.2738299,0.0001278321,0.000009342211,0.004192943,0.0018938949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012916514,0.000008915695,0.62953013,0.000013453013,0.0000027320948,0.0000010885467,0.0003060407,0.36975756,0.000026082504,0.000015477646,0.00013810169,0.00007122801],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.48455372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9447072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46015346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045079592,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015476531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5188787},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407720140","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70103","title":"The presence of American beech litter can alter the growth response of sugar maple seedlings to drought","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Lichen and fungal ecology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Beech; Maple; Sugar; Plant litter; Botany; Litter; Biology; Forestry; Agronomy; Ecology; Geography; Ecosystem; Food science","score_opus":0.005984213016521813,"score_gpt":0.21706269351020527,"score_spread":0.21107848049368347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407720140","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96007776,0.00008907638,0.0000024636545,0.03538024,0.00010531555,0.00017817561,0.00002362544,0.000010617804,0.0041327337],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913608,0.000023404436,0.000067354944,0.001693908,0.000052894724,0.000018878563,0.0000018416878,6.313954e-7,0.0067802942],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991663,0.00018212751,0.00019221097,0.00015793848,0.00010049583,0.00020091057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99851745,0.0011650558,0.00008844602,0.000103884784,0.00008819965,0.00003696452],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004142671,0.00007768131,0.00014534668,0.0000033190508,0.00015516867,0.000020121262,0.00047966625,0.000037400776,0.0002601416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027224811,0.00002166943,0.00006598614,0.00043535177,0.00018428206,0.000023278964,0.0001523767,0.00009332079,0.000022552698],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021110731,0.00025725155,0.11372802,0.000040149167,0.00016891399,0.000006295182,0.0031238697,0.000021406258,0.42566347,0.007884328,0.38127494,0.06572029],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009074164,0.00048469094,0.8697772,0.000021878453,0.000013466768,0.0000012191881,0.0019489205,0.00003440505,0.03819572,0.0012670736,0.088057905,0.0001067555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0059239836,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7560492,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014216093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019968382,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3305722},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407830335","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70202","title":"Beat the heat: Movements of a cold‐adapted ungulate during a record‐breaking heat wave","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yukon University; Government of Alberta; Yukon Department of Environment; University of Alberta","funders":"Teck Resources; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Polar Knowledge Canada; University of Alberta; Alberta Conservation Association","keywords":"Ungulate; Heat wave; Beat (acoustics); Ecology; Environmental science; Biology; Climate change; Physics; Habitat; Acoustics","score_opus":0.006797612385807851,"score_gpt":0.20007878908540266,"score_spread":0.19328117669959483,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407830335","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9515361,0.00004984836,0.0000721482,0.0008876271,0.00019558507,0.0002491309,0.0000029693485,0.000027643828,0.046978954],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98822445,0.000012455015,0.00021731372,0.0009079198,0.000016602311,0.000029948098,0.0000023671346,0.000007023667,0.010581937],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919564,0.00005590261,0.00022317823,0.00020938432,0.00011454593,0.00020134967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996003,0.00006329924,0.0000437747,0.0002576204,0.000008389287,0.000026597518],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014949992,0.00010358061,0.00013136539,0.000010256983,0.00023248621,0.000012414662,0.00016745993,0.000072353214,0.0030604904],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024795001,0.000083661944,0.000051197414,0.000261307,0.000084954285,0.00011404215,0.00016684216,0.00010964603,0.00015642811],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010879438,0.00013427787,0.9615136,0.000035017198,0.00010708042,0.0000130444,0.00046936845,0.003435837,0.012841352,0.0006617022,0.018217366,0.0024625994],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044727972,0.000030480685,0.9863812,0.000051907442,0.000018511604,0.0000017745311,0.00013543664,0.002749117,0.0041550137,0.00046660865,0.0054705935,0.000092090835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010412732,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021405604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03668834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012637208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015937903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99785084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407830827","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70169","title":"Ornithogenic alteration of a tundra ecosystem from decades of intense herbivory and dense nesting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Arctic Goose Joint Venture; Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Tundra; Nesting (process); Herbivore; Ecology; Ecosystem; Ecosystem engineer; Geography; Biology","score_opus":0.016363516609526167,"score_gpt":0.22639015885951835,"score_spread":0.21002664224999218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407830827","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99160284,0.00506912,0.00002871156,0.00007050171,0.00017441118,0.00008905487,0.0005222801,0.000011052037,0.0024320148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991399,0.0001465513,0.00025453168,0.00007145612,0.000042485208,6.5373223e-7,0.00016701249,0.0000021167386,0.00017530847],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993938,0.000050628743,0.00023811116,0.00014185849,0.00006955549,0.00010603091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999443,0.00026266137,0.00009604576,0.00011283418,0.000050116232,0.00003534358],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001279797,0.000080043836,0.0001803049,0.000025987269,0.00005149257,0.0000221597,0.00007166526,0.00005348358,0.0024612118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039779465,0.000069644244,0.000033633136,0.00012595723,0.00003033194,0.00009855899,0.000013412637,0.0000553705,0.000034888973],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000079935104,0.000009214688,0.98168594,0.0003376245,0.00003890158,0.000008681016,0.0011747497,0.00015605327,0.0054243,0.000019060208,0.001341929,0.009723644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005652302,0.00012010438,0.9685409,0.00084678974,0.000068294656,0.000016469523,0.003148826,0.019450836,0.0051634056,0.00089439546,0.0009969942,0.00018775498],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040649497,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07415858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.070093624,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000026203406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029602425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984507},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408289685","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70187","title":"Historical fire regimes in whitebark pine ecosystems of west‐central British Columbia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ecosystem; Fire history; Ecology; Geography; Fire ecology; Mountain pine beetle; Fire regime; Forestry; Environmental science; Climate change; Biology","score_opus":0.0029528131115707087,"score_gpt":0.17762539174255385,"score_spread":0.17467257863098315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408289685","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92476183,0.0013739918,0.00002750873,0.00021349275,0.00104669,0.00049553707,0.000012355355,0.0000627637,0.072005816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95016384,0.000040162093,0.00032021315,0.000053701966,0.000049521885,0.000046190486,0.000004907563,0.000020520074,0.049300924],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981474,0.00013390456,0.0005506525,0.0004457917,0.00027105442,0.00045114756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99924237,0.0000896487,0.0001538457,0.00039758586,0.000010395264,0.00010613604],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028659037,0.00013920547,0.0004462124,0.00001319323,0.000073277864,0.00008173008,0.00038150008,0.00015490393,0.008577536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001197267,0.00021151442,0.000103487255,0.0005626562,0.000054511733,0.00018920604,0.00015530836,0.0001880425,0.00035359265],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007535417,0.00012123521,0.3625903,0.00012616678,0.000011163434,0.000041158917,0.0000637025,0.000104256345,0.00018365667,0.0000050723697,0.62436557,0.012380161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009463237,0.000112085785,0.78937113,0.000556851,0.0000145669,0.00002509816,0.00006517038,0.0064203152,0.00006821996,0.00013885145,0.20197853,0.00030286156],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.25454843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5127294,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42678082,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015321455,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004030683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99232876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408309955","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70201","title":"A dominant plant species and insects interactively shape plant community structure and an ecosystem function","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ecosystem; Ecology; Function (biology); Plant community; Biology; Community structure; Species richness; Evolutionary biology","score_opus":0.03028174599596634,"score_gpt":0.20459343787105005,"score_spread":0.17431169187508372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408309955","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957854,0.0004377577,4.472219e-7,0.00017669621,0.00008684137,0.00011119748,0.0006374566,0.000030303447,0.0027338914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993627,0.00013050147,0.000009993245,0.00011249671,0.00008898084,0.0000038796657,0.00007132943,5.057411e-7,0.00021963281],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944204,0.000089375135,0.000110653906,0.00016078506,0.00005592563,0.00014124824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996884,0.00017592261,0.000049095408,0.000020982769,0.000019169782,0.000046441477],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000087815555,0.00012593616,0.0001785886,0.0000051666493,0.00049455813,0.00008993658,0.00008952296,0.00006233117,0.00018937518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017172697,0.000047488153,0.000019283387,0.000076704455,0.00003204986,0.0001324334,0.00012069866,0.00017794692,0.0000038107485],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016754566,0.0002954384,0.11890758,0.00025224354,0.00026040274,0.00003800492,0.002257812,0.0000016548831,0.7302399,0.0039535435,0.029046446,0.11307148],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001500085,0.00035124065,0.97239727,0.00009481278,0.000016146441,0.000017050366,0.0029126876,0.00016365292,0.0015929255,0.00047976762,0.021698149,0.0001262725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004321262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05695862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8534897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001491914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000033541983,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9602494},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408385818","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70219","title":"High sensitivity of herbaceous legumes to freezing: Insights from a multiyear snow removal study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Turfgrass Adaptation and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Herbaceous plant; Snow; Environmental science; Climate change; Physical geography; Agronomy; Ecology; Biology; Geography; Meteorology","score_opus":0.006818584700340575,"score_gpt":0.2198202928643251,"score_spread":0.21300170816398453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408385818","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9626152,0.00002874184,0.002175322,0.00037628732,0.0002512545,0.00043525104,0.0000067099963,0.000049625654,0.03406159],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9835835,0.0000025799097,0.0058725593,0.00032600437,0.00001693916,0.0000108795775,0.0000034159714,0.000008091469,0.010176038],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990692,0.0001004899,0.00018084301,0.00030881778,0.00021121571,0.00012940493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948525,0.00007954219,0.000053553616,0.00031259458,0.000008887535,0.000060192953],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011250776,0.000113690985,0.00017195681,0.000020671394,0.000066753055,0.000022054888,0.0001282912,0.000033209635,0.0016811079],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000583064,0.00010531558,0.0000406943,0.00029568738,0.000031379113,0.00008235841,0.00027003427,0.00006530516,0.0007412844],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003679544,0.0043667485,0.04499817,0.00004705704,0.00056931196,0.00086940103,0.01472777,0.07266405,0.07831845,0.006324452,0.45029497,0.3264517],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013932356,0.00018208729,0.8678659,0.000052290696,0.000060715163,9.1030216e-7,0.005064919,0.003310456,0.007940608,0.0011370025,0.11266581,0.0003260468],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009352683,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02704704,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.82286775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091557136,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007526912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992315},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408775169","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70221","title":"Soil characteristics at artificial salt licks and their potential impacts on occurrence of chronic wasting disease","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Miljødirektoratet; Norges Miljø- og Biovitenskapelige Universitet","keywords":"Chronic wasting disease; Wasting; Environmental science; Salt (chemistry); Ecology; Agroforestry; Biology; Disease; Medicine; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006046798695552482,"score_gpt":0.2347540374755933,"score_spread":0.22870723878004084,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408775169","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98766214,0.010897282,0.0004004223,0.000102766724,0.0002331556,0.00012721677,0.00028982788,0.0000092542,0.00027792394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976883,0.0016824935,0.00001533272,0.00011124493,0.0001902257,0.000008179046,0.00013854522,0.000007703537,0.00015800423],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99930155,0.000031892,0.00017536845,0.00024789653,0.0000562703,0.00018701506],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995187,0.000013287275,0.00009244754,0.00022529464,0.00003707482,0.00011319858],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000073422234,0.0001308349,0.00012575675,0.000012623541,0.000105680934,0.000023141187,0.00010523376,0.00006799022,0.000119297394],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010963613,0.00011649534,0.000075093325,0.000048038477,0.00005193969,0.00000300113,0.0001664875,0.00006285356,0.000008206237],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067120313,0.00018393259,0.0059338547,0.00069202087,0.00009961452,0.000010972426,0.00003961643,0.00027535582,0.7730689,0.00013547092,0.00890899,0.20998004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017117563,0.00090666744,0.104186684,0.0016229291,0.00016256502,0.000008286441,0.000112243506,0.009260015,0.8470692,0.0007448833,0.033247273,0.00096749974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033576666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017309627,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20901254,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023256234,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014911384,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.47505423},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409402586","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70168","title":"Shedding the cloak of neutrality: A guide for reflexive practices to make the sciences more inclusive and just","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia; Mitacs; Government of Canada","keywords":"Reflexivity; Cloak; Neutrality; Sociology; Epistemology; Social science; Philosophy; Physics; Metamaterial; Optics","score_opus":0.2451136973145417,"score_gpt":0.6220278095024339,"score_spread":0.37691411218789217,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409402586","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13924325,0.0017466493,0.0040170173,0.59722257,0.0002706411,0.0014041942,0.000035532972,0.000023912306,0.25603625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9089003,0.0014242365,0.05887704,0.009051391,0.00054670486,0.00030796035,0.0000015782804,0.000017090208,0.020873658],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99749696,0.0013985595,0.00020584888,0.00022353257,0.00038295228,0.00029215447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9902102,0.009049375,0.00020099618,0.00016324109,0.0003161396,0.000060046445],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01538755,0.00007390831,0.00014175646,0.000021969614,0.0020987196,0.0001853514,0.0005282811,0.0000643537,0.00004864595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014264536,0.000040554558,0.000053197677,0.00062845426,0.0018686497,0.00015146332,0.0002414176,0.00019733771,0.0000027333301],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003861484,0.000014814954,0.0002444691,0.00006980019,0.000039308456,4.8349807e-7,0.091353185,0.000029583633,0.00015712489,0.8414385,0.029680585,0.03693357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010076216,0.00008714706,0.0014107676,0.00007964245,0.00002356816,1.8295486e-7,0.32498837,0.00011763681,0.00023675375,0.124551386,0.5483362,0.0000675948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0045572324,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.014508308,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7696571,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000055862216,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006334451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409418339","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70246","title":"One‐stage spatial mark–resight analysis reveals an increasing grizzly bear population with declining density near roads","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Parks Canada","funders":"University of Alberta; Parks Canada; University of Montana; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Geography; Grizzly Bears; Stage (stratigraphy); Population density; Population; Ecology; Fishery; Demography; Biology","score_opus":0.009018366156468026,"score_gpt":0.23113174417526144,"score_spread":0.2221133780187934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409418339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.987363,0.000010644687,0.003941399,0.00032286797,0.00006532046,0.00016905599,0.0000033950828,0.000060980954,0.008063377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.988073,0.000002444641,0.009458562,0.0006939303,0.0000345372,0.000008888031,0.000074957374,0.000009430845,0.0016442558],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867845,0.00026751155,0.00025802973,0.000390556,0.00018217128,0.00022330832],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934566,0.000099835095,0.00014672634,0.00031584466,0.00001604395,0.00007588584],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00053729233,0.00012989993,0.00023144475,0.0000298256,0.00044785594,0.00007119795,0.00015389964,0.000114622715,0.0035769348],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009358226,0.00013165944,0.0000587235,0.00065030303,0.00007816713,0.00040183394,0.00008130328,0.00014432767,0.0001840149],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013157935,0.00005923631,0.99011,0.0000048186034,0.00010338993,0.000007109665,0.00008210572,0.0052826763,0.00009693044,0.000056559013,0.0005242984,0.003541299],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024976267,0.000058298898,0.9877568,0.00001656745,0.00022830046,0.0000011038348,0.000050546107,0.010882059,0.000047755697,0.00032493207,0.00023412488,0.00014978608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011388853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05471541,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043326557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001534676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026501391,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99733394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409418465","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70248","title":"Occurrence patterns and trends of frogs in coastal wetlands of the Great Lakes call for further habitat restoration","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Calgary; Birds Canada","funders":"Wildlife Habitat Canada; Environment and Climate Change Canada; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Wetland; Habitat; Ecology; Geography; Fishery; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.006361644787054344,"score_gpt":0.2175282226556298,"score_spread":0.21116657786857546,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409418465","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99334514,0.00001810621,0.0003573743,0.00020023694,0.000111637804,0.00014957378,0.00047075975,0.000005119329,0.0053420356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987451,0.0000076768,0.000075871096,0.000014038181,0.0000043229443,0.000014889211,0.000025229674,0.000003072424,0.001109819],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941623,0.000027955415,0.00020340804,0.00014921489,0.00009285472,0.000110305635],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99966776,0.00005597845,0.00008512322,0.00016569374,0.000007165588,0.000018281286],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011705131,0.000078227196,0.00013642524,0.000016109745,0.000028317054,0.000007913442,0.00012670404,0.00004479173,0.00022816121],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021513133,0.00005735985,0.000040124756,0.00017530013,0.000056558805,0.00007608378,0.00012650566,0.00004746718,0.000003001605],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000030899802,0.00003042069,0.981765,0.00006164694,0.000004975025,2.8811021e-7,0.0002688507,0.00042330683,0.00025550407,0.00002815162,0.003825712,0.013305292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00055051903,0.00006208577,0.9897331,0.000092448456,0.000011146503,9.139289e-7,0.00017468497,0.007908665,0.00025742003,0.00022452173,0.00090917735,0.000075316464],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00092236046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.3883592,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38743684,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000034852284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008037148,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62280166},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410245161","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70286","title":"Cover Image","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"paratext","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cover (algebra); Environmental science; Remote sensing; Geology; Engineering","score_opus":0.005472420009394571,"score_gpt":0.23324142028824743,"score_spread":0.22776900027885286,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410245161","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0033176972,0.00014513645,0.00049752527,0.000592996,0.001924621,0.00016020014,0.00007150444,0.0000240715,0.9932662],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0017392162,0.00015453545,0.0007626402,0.0013909175,0.00016591517,0.000037965303,0.00016513735,0.000016977108,0.99556667],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999113,0.000029114699,0.0001933263,0.00032776844,0.00015305997,0.00018368366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994679,0.00003449937,0.00010379092,0.00033930206,0.000010222529,0.000044298387],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047379828,0.0001822028,0.00016879989,0.000011440691,0.00010736791,0.00007793594,0.00023896719,0.0001750601,0.7632362],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000017322714,0.00017736682,0.00009839394,0.00016286544,0.000049475573,0.00021703033,0.00016429751,0.00026781127,0.7320152],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005091907,0.000027854267,0.00002191725,0.000013747964,0.000014867945,0.0000020596995,0.000012183443,0.00022049941,0.00008591494,0.0000076920005,0.99603534,0.00355284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009205017,0.000015006576,0.0016463259,0.000055368513,0.000015029964,0.0000019091085,0.000014636059,0.00030290036,0.0001414338,0.000038332146,0.9974933,0.00018365658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008300804,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012526583,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.031221058,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023317421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040281884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.72328085},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410326821","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70235","title":"Beyond the edge: Environmental characteristics of northwestern Eurasian primary forests contrast with surrounding areas","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Ecology; Primary (astronomy); Landscape connectivity; Biological dispersal; Biology","score_opus":0.003554681627759808,"score_gpt":0.19023358081216732,"score_spread":0.1866788991844075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410326821","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8055107,0.000036568963,0.00007023369,0.00023324614,0.000109832334,0.00024111193,0.000022016466,0.000016162585,0.19376011],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833248,0.000019530837,0.000079385376,0.00040993444,0.000043775475,0.000015086118,0.000044171,0.0000140672355,0.016049204],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991165,0.00003071155,0.00020217634,0.00020432552,0.00019941482,0.00024689495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999472,0.00005115723,0.000118076954,0.00030930064,0.000002063371,0.00004740375],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011401786,0.00015331159,0.00016374448,0.000013318605,0.00014085548,0.000039903967,0.00031190587,0.000038308714,0.0030266396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000046172568,0.00010524348,0.000046792553,0.0001467163,0.00027768844,0.00016256585,0.00019532304,0.00010553012,0.00056551385],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043141354,0.00007642904,0.9660493,0.000026497732,0.000038875285,0.00000899171,0.00025313182,0.00005139591,0.00013203613,0.00045895125,0.017589396,0.015271836],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003428679,0.000053659223,0.97872806,0.000024455645,0.00003840606,0.0000029978,0.00007119172,0.00013678469,0.00006458856,0.00016242884,0.020254862,0.00011972476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00025117717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022576798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17781413,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011060834,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000116910205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99788475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410379883","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70256","title":"Special delivery: A hardwood‐killing bark beetle vectors its unusual symbiote among host trees","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bark beetle; Hardwood; Bark (sound); Host (biology); Biology; Ecology; Forestry; Geography","score_opus":0.004741398614139106,"score_gpt":0.19820225859057072,"score_spread":0.19346085997643162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410379883","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.73149943,0.00006204086,0.00004250349,0.00011275258,0.0011768852,0.00020385471,0.0000059525237,0.000057968216,0.2668386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9725841,0.000054450302,0.00021514666,0.00031836398,0.0003593494,0.000022398444,0.000006984997,0.000013309421,0.026425878],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988738,0.00004377573,0.00019418201,0.00037467026,0.00015109425,0.00036251312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959517,0.000047250924,0.000057764904,0.00021751029,0.0000063849934,0.00007590803],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014539585,0.00017195538,0.00017027679,0.000024917663,0.00027130463,0.000040515213,0.00030625862,0.00012574632,0.021414006],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000031871397,0.00017224341,0.0000851375,0.0003094706,0.00014261044,0.00020151737,0.00030877936,0.00017137655,0.004206733],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064650245,0.0002078803,0.074616194,0.000026362077,0.0001202794,0.000076745775,0.00039835746,0.0025781393,0.0015447944,0.0022795848,0.91220045,0.0058865445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00040078198,0.00008656653,0.88322717,0.00003164314,0.00004029277,0.0000010745714,0.00018588034,0.0010380192,0.0018733781,0.00033668656,0.112546995,0.00023153693],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00036950439,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010560361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.808611,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020670884,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001641085,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411527915","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70313","title":"Using a plant hydraulic model to design more resilient rehabilitated landscapes in arid ecosystems","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Philomathia Foundation; Division of Graduate Education; Philanthropic Educational Organization; University of California Berkeley","keywords":"Environmental science; Arid; Evapotranspiration; Carbon sequestration; Ecosystem; Restoration ecology; Soil carbon; Ecology; Hydrology (agriculture); Soil water; Soil science; Geology; Carbon dioxide","score_opus":0.015119698417526016,"score_gpt":0.2339596141722783,"score_spread":0.21883991575475228,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411527915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96857935,0.00004121316,0.013987924,0.00025324945,0.00007197398,0.00039547228,0.000031953132,0.000038200018,0.016600676],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9889588,0.0000059646427,0.009641024,0.00014785703,0.000005259501,0.000030479863,0.000014144545,0.000009741177,0.0011867789],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990096,0.000055283388,0.00024632338,0.0003014603,0.0001373989,0.00024994827],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996206,0.00004486179,0.00003414634,0.0002285221,0.0000040124414,0.00006785172],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002198136,0.00012526318,0.00015669197,0.00004170766,0.00006581587,0.000029152512,0.00017234388,0.0000738989,0.00017392964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019532543,0.000113322545,0.000033669032,0.00036545334,0.000015838175,0.00009198023,0.000110151566,0.00010402794,0.00021074407],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000029735915,0.000043021606,0.012592056,0.000008770803,0.000005328288,0.000009887063,0.00034785393,0.9805018,0.0012443085,0.00006316107,0.005009309,0.00014481951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00021423846,0.000021069254,0.004670378,0.00007675315,0.0000067853784,0.000004395398,0.00006653937,0.99284303,0.00018126226,0.0005572841,0.0012241566,0.00013413379],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008292839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0041741966,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020379411,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031913645,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025788631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4621159},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412136566","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70329","title":"Effects of severe weather on shorebirds: Evidence of disrupted refueling and delayed departure on southbound migration","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Acadia University; Mount Allison University","funders":"Employment and Social Development Canada; Fonds en Fiducie pour la Faune du Nouveau-Brunswick; Mount Allison University; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universities Space Research Association","keywords":"Environmental science; Ecology; Biology","score_opus":0.0058426719898093515,"score_gpt":0.24439005005170486,"score_spread":0.23854737806189552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412136566","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.996902,0.00027035896,0.00005416594,0.00014264384,0.00007676966,0.0002280691,0.000003717038,0.000014163294,0.002308135],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99819964,0.000038153357,0.0002711181,0.00015062722,0.0000073659753,0.000011858287,0.0000016221869,0.0000062852823,0.0013133576],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936277,0.000052606894,0.0001563229,0.00020923917,0.000105219784,0.000113848604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994915,0.00024218218,0.00007875622,0.0001515928,0.000007108559,0.000028848499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000923556,0.00010083919,0.00014472641,0.000011572441,0.00006221503,0.000005601664,0.000094668954,0.000116470525,0.00063739443],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000093426526,0.0000831806,0.000036057896,0.00011891376,0.00010380837,0.000083241735,0.000046692185,0.0001098129,0.00008156245],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006545543,0.0003823878,0.94678223,0.00019692934,0.000046896763,0.000016241987,0.001095913,0.0010730268,0.027344273,0.00012241384,0.0068235984,0.0154615585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003232553,0.00040659835,0.979027,0.00032993022,0.000062208936,0.0000014002453,0.00012282419,0.00013042116,0.019097675,0.00020642721,0.00019309981,0.00009919523],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000034905934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012968762,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03224476,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004704264,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009077281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6979022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412149538","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70334","title":"Floodplain land use gradients have a stronger effect on soil microbial enzyme activity than spatiotemporal variability","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Quebec Network for Research on Aging; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Floodplain; Soil enzyme; Environmental science; Land use; Ecology; Enzyme assay; Soil science; Hydrology (agriculture); Biology; Enzyme; Geology","score_opus":0.009190406933189576,"score_gpt":0.21217438543693545,"score_spread":0.2029839785037459,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412149538","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9953818,0.000012001235,0.000004537921,0.00038752626,0.0002980974,0.00029056225,0.00011283415,0.000083541076,0.003429143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981482,0.0000021656078,0.00002640537,0.00015399863,0.000121051424,0.00001747167,0.000070365495,0.0000015687463,0.0014587449],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987124,0.00029732275,0.00013244593,0.00040670016,0.00014452955,0.00030659878],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99927807,0.00042407317,0.000064408494,0.00011723613,0.00003493041,0.00008130976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003411702,0.00020817941,0.00024080944,0.000006984826,0.00016725212,0.00010384588,0.00018221707,0.0001694484,0.0002598152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103568294,0.00008921235,0.00016145602,0.00017570704,0.000046271456,0.00010934579,0.00007522054,0.00021955608,0.00005933298],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011193651,0.0008202433,0.83106405,0.000047280748,0.00015550028,0.000021729333,0.00007015956,0.000113135786,0.0789326,0.00020591314,0.018223017,0.069227025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005661523,0.0005304898,0.969833,0.00003237537,0.000032145603,0.0000014066305,0.000015470017,0.002271691,0.02472491,0.00016542948,0.0015664307,0.00026050812],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0032074682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.040011942,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13876896,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000091760485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001536108,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9775053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412187119","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70302","title":"Snow refugia: Managing temperate forest canopies to maintain winter conditions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Olds College","funders":"Northern Research Station; University of Maine; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Dartmouth College; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Snow; Temperate climate; Temperate rainforest; Temperate forest; Ecology; Environmental science; Climate change; Geography; Ecosystem; Biology; Meteorology","score_opus":0.003322567782802647,"score_gpt":0.22132081284756777,"score_spread":0.21799824506476512,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412187119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8056791,0.000035740715,0.0008339837,0.0028105432,0.0005523085,0.00046403514,0.000022350307,0.00011905272,0.18948288],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9655012,0.0000034046593,0.0005983635,0.001256807,0.000044929344,0.00011036295,0.00001258202,0.000020611316,0.03245178],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988126,0.000067167544,0.00021494649,0.000378782,0.00015062522,0.0003758457],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993692,0.00008091635,0.000040629126,0.0003874544,0.000008338871,0.000113457914],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020272452,0.00017306319,0.0001791636,0.000029707491,0.00021306578,0.000086533015,0.00030042863,0.00006264506,0.0073368847],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000055815723,0.0001665518,0.00005839261,0.00034409767,0.00006200114,0.00019481973,0.00025101347,0.00013305027,0.008697647],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000021978996,0.000083936175,0.116435416,0.00008200173,0.00007569926,0.00006868856,0.00029415925,0.005741349,0.0028859845,0.0050338753,0.8631135,0.0061634155],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009507966,0.00022147098,0.56075674,0.0007252497,0.00005398106,0.000024368623,0.0009824383,0.007616785,0.0055920626,0.0057170563,0.4164801,0.00087891245],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0013826947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.024307841,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4466334,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004368921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016349371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99357057},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412189269","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70297","title":"Differential responses of coolwater fishes to a whole‐lake reduction of a warmwater thermal guild","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Concordia University","funders":"U.S. Geological Survey; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Guild; Ecology; Environmental science; Fishery; Geography; Biology; Habitat","score_opus":0.00614477308109661,"score_gpt":0.2155049157184875,"score_spread":0.2093601426373909,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412189269","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94575053,0.0000065394784,0.00009639021,0.0020815523,0.00022163888,0.0001872248,0.000009454996,0.000016501834,0.051630154],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9662836,0.0000059001704,0.00030726255,0.0002136027,0.000014228873,0.000026727885,0.0000032440514,0.000004578282,0.03314085],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99934787,0.000044721688,0.00018968634,0.00018083237,0.00008719176,0.00014971042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997173,0.000023235869,0.000050760747,0.00018161276,0.000008465664,0.000018614643],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008190666,0.00008758965,0.00015750751,0.000020508938,0.00006841173,0.000005126403,0.00015523349,0.0000461172,0.0105509125],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028384606,0.00007067406,0.00004563828,0.00012039236,0.00013413219,0.00007323578,0.00033230722,0.000046824767,0.00023531425],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006577927,0.00022460136,0.089056954,0.0000596677,0.0001344896,0.0000029455591,0.0010436496,0.0003947344,0.034621295,0.000082887804,0.870967,0.0027540026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032590213,0.00015302256,0.9248218,0.00002894626,0.000041458734,4.5106356e-7,0.00024663899,0.000023998507,0.03584959,0.00030964386,0.038102813,0.000095767806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006727625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013791192,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8357648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021464568,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000384152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9903536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412360496","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70319","title":"<scp>DNA</scp> metabarcoding and video camera collars yield different inferences about the summer diet of an arctic ungulate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yukon Department of Environment; Aurora College","funders":"Gouvernement du Yukon; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Parks Canada","keywords":"Ungulate; Arctic; Biology; DNA; Ecology; Animal science; Zoology; Genetics; Habitat","score_opus":0.015739117781954387,"score_gpt":0.2241067019681302,"score_spread":0.20836758418617582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412360496","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98249716,0.0006973175,0.000018763501,0.00021630149,0.00013452394,0.000260734,0.000020239935,0.00002064666,0.016134314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99596506,0.00060094736,0.00064338424,0.00032407723,0.000010503632,0.000014879936,0.0000042040565,0.000007766974,0.0024291542],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987897,0.000075870536,0.00022206547,0.00036378094,0.00026556203,0.00028296662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991752,0.0003258322,0.00011163525,0.00030827703,0.000004727573,0.0000743555],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016129624,0.00021192458,0.00026023635,0.0000132280165,0.0003619088,0.000045043227,0.00034136095,0.00006888588,0.0010085342],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011000453,0.00015175648,0.00006752945,0.00018511186,0.0006236854,0.00019502836,0.0007993065,0.00015283388,0.00010004767],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009437916,0.00008751342,0.98512214,0.000028406956,0.00009774331,0.0000031422576,0.0009424146,0.00021931218,0.0019146632,0.000060668004,0.010155715,0.0013588108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020859613,0.00011702742,0.98806465,0.000047474503,0.000099456316,8.932358e-7,0.002045621,0.0001569447,0.0031971824,0.000450545,0.005528339,0.0000833023],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010535014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017438816,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0137051605,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010876871,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000031417414,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999047},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412361263","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70314","title":"Using masking metrics as a means to quantify effect and guide mitigation measures of underwater anthropogenic noise","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Underwater; Environmental science; Masking (illustration); Noise (video); Remote sensing; Computer science; Oceanography; Geography; Geology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.027840229491030734,"score_gpt":0.3035215822731467,"score_spread":0.275681352782116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412361263","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9502559,0.000721276,0.00436271,0.00016830102,0.00007289409,0.00029380355,0.000002149139,0.000018827392,0.044104178],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938662,0.00011733108,0.005213004,0.00021880794,0.000010183808,0.0000063157977,7.1908204e-7,0.000010111392,0.0005573006],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990504,0.00006819805,0.00021803932,0.00025982969,0.00022108294,0.000182442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996264,0.00008915044,0.000059962946,0.00016070978,0.000013550023,0.000050256003],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032979882,0.00012561696,0.000210024,0.000025232534,0.00012722553,0.000023159517,0.00012036045,0.000043900895,0.0011362539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017993465,0.00010962473,0.00005309092,0.00051622785,0.000075980184,0.00008923955,0.00039018894,0.000057113353,0.000115622635],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000086380685,0.00008896784,0.76320875,0.0003680782,0.00019871745,0.000014268241,0.00049110455,0.004570008,0.035006355,0.00048212678,0.012944164,0.18254109],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011060989,0.0005274002,0.80464196,0.00039703937,0.00032937893,0.000011886784,0.0005936381,0.009044017,0.0984315,0.0013518938,0.082932144,0.0006330663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0064495485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0056762756,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18190803,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016683621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010001034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99977684},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412381709","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70333","title":"Home range size, habitat selection, and mycophagy of sympatric North American flying squirrels","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto; Trent University","funders":"Trent University","keywords":"Sympatric speciation; Range (aeronautics); Habitat; Home range; Ecology; Selection (genetic algorithm); Biology; Geography; Sympatry","score_opus":0.00425465620529189,"score_gpt":0.22235245185952407,"score_spread":0.21809779565423218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412381709","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921077,0.00028815278,0.000048692153,0.00009619449,0.000078765755,0.00011051271,0.0000037718544,0.000027664144,0.0072385613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975549,0.00012297786,0.00054168346,0.000105123334,0.000009783242,0.000016763026,5.1932386e-7,0.000005312046,0.001642942],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993689,0.00002750666,0.0001499487,0.0002091482,0.0000707506,0.00017375979],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971414,0.000096129384,0.00007207953,0.000075387696,0.000009246252,0.00003299159],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006288631,0.00009671184,0.00019091865,0.000011811442,0.00021353415,0.000006111899,0.000083740466,0.000030393103,0.0009773384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003372668,0.00008843712,0.000034750385,0.00049309514,0.00024326783,0.00007914795,0.00012984342,0.00008456287,0.00013209059],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018889314,0.000044553373,0.9822873,0.000011173396,0.000014906083,0.000002130801,0.00010707259,0.00003316206,0.00018258888,0.000015870803,0.0061545093,0.011127868],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019820583,0.00013776483,0.9984529,0.000004531231,0.00003518241,0.0000019812571,0.00016943339,0.000053376036,0.000072263974,0.000058063084,0.0007304221,0.0000859016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00032758014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010560747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0161656,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060063798,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000960924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999359},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412987984","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70357","title":"Seasonal patterns of habitat use by a mesopredator in boreal forest landscapes fragmented by fire","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mesopredator release hypothesis; Taiga; Ecology; Boreal; Habitat; Geography; Fire ecology; Fire regime; Boreal ecosystem; Environmental science; Apex predator; Forestry; Ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.004084918417095813,"score_gpt":0.19895210536640728,"score_spread":0.19486718694931146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412987984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99509823,0.00009259741,0.000095057025,0.0007808252,0.00005560127,0.00012724544,0.00010969655,0.000015715603,0.0036250136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965091,0.000022255044,0.000095183364,0.0006131683,0.0000050477106,0.00002742401,0.00013417147,0.000005169507,0.0025885098],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993599,0.000040659885,0.00016255029,0.00018535106,0.00009495889,0.00015658655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99970573,0.00008159024,0.00005195675,0.0001229395,0.0000045638903,0.00003323896],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007453935,0.00008641861,0.00011491245,0.0000060062434,0.000039848997,0.000011083642,0.00013213902,0.000088395725,0.0019268411],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034281777,0.00008419524,0.000028823508,0.00012432507,0.00003312551,0.00019141719,0.000074778116,0.00008808435,0.00007470491],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000018325387,0.000076163196,0.6702676,0.000006652967,0.00000795567,0.0000015746174,0.000026307185,0.000046423585,0.00004860378,0.000016306623,0.32860968,0.00087441923],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00044569816,0.00003224683,0.9875862,0.000025319514,0.0000066383745,3.8785694e-7,0.000052264524,0.0029078815,0.00016570477,0.000116712705,0.008588326,0.00007262645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015276362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.019355074,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32002133,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006165278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013778616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9989855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413053388","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70365","title":"Impacts of sequential and simultaneous coinfection by major amphibian pathogens on disease outcomes","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institutes of Health; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","keywords":"Amphibian; Coinfection; Biology; Ranavirus; Wildlife disease; Pathogen; Disease; Chytridiomycota; Chytridiomycosis; Wildlife; Host (biology); Biodiversity; Ecology; Immunology; Zoology; Medicine; Genetics; Virus; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.003793163858087343,"score_gpt":0.22341728320621249,"score_spread":0.21962411934812515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413053388","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.981676,0.000097832766,0.000039624665,0.0003187832,0.00015978332,0.00015144923,0.00005461097,0.000025900055,0.017476039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939303,0.0000351459,0.000043930104,0.0003359696,0.000011496201,0.0000033645051,0.000011882811,0.000006225308,0.005621716],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99941313,0.000028744102,0.000115292096,0.0002159172,0.00007519291,0.00015170187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99962634,0.00006614601,0.00005066775,0.00014875898,0.0000036102238,0.00010445239],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000051217827,0.00010279926,0.00012826872,0.000009143083,0.0000680014,0.000008905749,0.00006059694,0.00006393629,0.0020030474],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000069889305,0.00008055163,0.000049525806,0.00007129312,0.00014263869,0.0000353551,0.00006756926,0.00005363101,0.0001842195],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024102931,0.00032097474,0.831294,0.000056066,0.00006330588,0.000051077393,0.000101684396,0.00062916917,0.03421074,0.00020473164,0.09762374,0.03520346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012707,0.00033558733,0.95775396,0.000050905313,0.00007450649,0.000006035225,0.00008609836,0.0011888191,0.0057076,0.00049166864,0.032689735,0.0003444154],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019222371,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006434272,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12645991,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000703144,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000111648715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99890924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413099525","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70290","title":"State of India's Birds 2023: A framework to leverage semi‐structured citizen science for bird conservation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"","keywords":"Citizen science; Leverage (statistics); Threatened species; Habitat; Occupancy; Geography; Conservation status; Limiting; Ecology; Range (aeronautics); Environmental resource management; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Biology; Computer science; Environmental science","score_opus":0.012358150828262726,"score_gpt":0.26509532842285477,"score_spread":0.252737177594592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413099525","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96220624,0.000037093992,0.0060049496,0.0011997812,0.0003423784,0.00046288673,0.00019111318,0.00006468813,0.029490842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932775,0.000015326184,0.0022078333,0.0017327401,0.000012776432,0.00005341579,0.00001109921,0.000010896908,0.002678397],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989756,0.000013020597,0.0002030141,0.00028958177,0.00023849003,0.0002802997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948394,0.000064940024,0.00007781467,0.00024276666,0.00004040019,0.00009014644],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022727936,0.00010551474,0.00013916528,0.000030283234,0.00017074973,0.00004756614,0.0003166091,0.00005537796,0.020243526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025042935,0.00010260104,0.000046980826,0.0010862484,0.00021239494,0.00012699248,0.00017540038,0.00007395975,0.00049625046],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002140666,0.00014212022,0.07065222,0.00015885456,0.000039124563,0.0000029048495,0.0013147582,0.0006888566,0.11237033,0.0147353355,0.7751004,0.024581004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050604215,0.000095648444,0.8789047,0.00007779356,0.000012420314,9.438703e-7,0.0007093355,0.0003789441,0.045560956,0.012259255,0.06125811,0.000235836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022580048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008083099,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8082525,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003953582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005061272,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9806521},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413181990","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70364","title":"Extremely large fires shape fire severity patterns across the diverse forests of British Columbia, Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"","keywords":"Fire ecology; Geography; Fire regime; Ecology; Physical geography; Fire history; Wildfire suppression; Environmental science; Forestry; Climate change; Firefighting; Cartography; Biology; Ecosystem","score_opus":0.00417187641897041,"score_gpt":0.1979986690800378,"score_spread":0.1938267926610674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413181990","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936826,0.00017369118,0.000008214506,0.00012688534,0.0004884613,0.0003861323,0.0009266934,0.000030545587,0.004176768],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98968285,0.000013816487,0.000017596349,0.00034015146,0.00002101451,0.000031316704,0.000011818008,0.000013408819,0.009868042],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985639,0.00008583296,0.00025049792,0.0003245877,0.00033822944,0.00043693653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999259,0.00012696827,0.00011190269,0.00041581492,0.000013846092,0.00007248108],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026247354,0.00011292956,0.0002115762,0.0000013815952,0.00030419783,0.00009811717,0.00054304214,0.00007475049,0.009928534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006590637,0.00013923677,0.00007309405,0.00020186054,0.00008399184,0.00015134386,0.00047673122,0.00014967915,0.000094993266],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000028670647,0.000036695445,0.62269217,0.000045315785,0.000015503601,0.0000325975,0.00007056177,0.000021915024,0.000008367577,4.0427807e-7,0.34362742,0.03344619],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003095528,0.000018696986,0.9574388,0.00010072809,0.000009515239,0.000005996095,0.00038018756,0.0072837477,0.000018317896,0.000027293847,0.03426831,0.00013880832],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9898374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99990505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3347467,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030101667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007340523,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9909765},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413182764","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70370","title":"Offspring number, size, and survival: State‐dependent optimization of litter size in a long‐lived capital breeder","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Norsk Polarinstitutt; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Litter; Breeder (animal); Offspring; Biology; Ecology; Geography; Genetics; Pregnancy","score_opus":0.004508195797336772,"score_gpt":0.21227242595148693,"score_spread":0.20776423015415016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413182764","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9084431,0.0000388851,0.0007141505,0.0004764316,0.00012484293,0.00019186936,0.0000017335747,0.000016975488,0.08999202],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9878312,0.00015967777,0.0011203054,0.00027321986,0.000004187559,0.000016326441,9.890917e-7,0.0000059149456,0.010588193],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931866,0.000039362174,0.00017710714,0.00021578178,0.00008610211,0.00016297442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996818,0.00013259918,0.000051650604,0.00010916419,0.0000056595973,0.00001913287],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015856537,0.00009187706,0.00014916885,0.0000072081857,0.000058353613,0.0000117939635,0.000090719805,0.00004321402,0.0055509494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000068121764,0.00009236829,0.000018692868,0.00011735054,0.00009292356,0.00012950979,0.00031677962,0.0000700453,0.000078244695],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003814186,0.000106527994,0.97456264,0.000047822978,0.000045577828,0.000010670927,0.0005930766,0.014573405,0.00004226487,0.00004887402,0.0094661275,0.00046484286],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005938315,0.000020952844,0.99737895,0.000018745599,0.000011755045,3.5877414e-7,0.00044865487,0.0007736388,0.000092947805,0.00040626718,0.00016437749,0.000089554334],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00061632827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01440871,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07940382,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005833529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004541916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9953581},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413616743","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70373","title":"Assessing the vulnerability and conservation potential of old‐growth forests in British Columbia, Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service; University of Alberta","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Vulnerability (computing); Geography; Environmental resource management; Climate change; Ecology; Environmental science; Biology","score_opus":0.0033262419203520703,"score_gpt":0.20283703837795344,"score_spread":0.19951079645760136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413616743","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952737,0.000060925013,0.000048626076,0.00048733546,0.00017445789,0.00026147548,0.000006452896,0.000007362027,0.0036796276],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990365,0.0000025253485,0.000081657025,0.00024509602,0.000007189071,0.000014073895,0.0000021781193,0.000004248597,0.0006065124],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992271,0.00012328128,0.0001953859,0.00017886488,0.00014365766,0.0001316852],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996232,0.0001372792,0.00006422261,0.00013915106,0.00001262338,0.000023540997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000379339,0.000046403176,0.000115722374,0.0000024890553,0.000103299,0.00012804953,0.00011599789,0.00003870296,0.0005154533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018067533,0.000059123166,0.000014296876,0.0001819379,0.00008807828,0.00018256,0.00008123226,0.00009065012,0.000002929074],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[9.598781e-7,0.000017557084,0.9629338,0.00004171761,0.0000035078908,0.0000067891674,0.000013665146,0.00009112971,0.0001866347,0.000004243925,0.029760148,0.00693986],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020163482,0.000007408992,0.98932374,0.000057159756,0.000004272891,0.000004120772,0.00010504803,0.00943217,0.000071813454,0.00036189024,0.00037637775,0.000054389217],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.99349654,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99976856,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029383771,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021507354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007925904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5643852},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413958143","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70392","title":"Clarifying the trophic state concept to advance macroscale freshwater science and management","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Geological Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecology; State (computer science); Anthropocene; Environmental resource management; Environmental ethics; Environmental science; Geography; Biology; Computer science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.003473316485590787,"score_gpt":0.21983912690684435,"score_spread":0.21636581042125355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413958143","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5416378,0.00018478601,0.0015711925,0.0153425485,0.0004966166,0.0009245188,0.000007430931,0.00007038448,0.43976477],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93693566,0.00021322882,0.0031239598,0.011406228,0.0000101829655,0.000116114636,5.4208147e-7,0.0000066571547,0.0481874],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.999071,0.000018920397,0.000104416264,0.00033668464,0.00016294979,0.00030600015],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996722,0.000023698934,0.000023087125,0.00023313212,0.000007851545,0.000040029256],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028311278,0.000094725234,0.00008344909,0.000014830872,0.0007090583,0.00005376489,0.00033267576,0.000017606031,0.0010873763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022583628,0.000067339366,0.00001261836,0.00034680727,0.00061987725,0.00016517944,0.0010867718,0.000086478336,0.000440928],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000033546447,0.000047217123,0.03790099,0.000036205252,0.000043650998,0.00001978816,0.0008716912,0.0019751452,0.0002817334,0.004938285,0.926344,0.027507775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024363135,0.000039440263,0.4829098,0.000016289898,0.000015239079,5.494226e-7,0.0003911229,0.00030431285,0.0004082507,0.0035760503,0.51197284,0.00012246544],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000040891275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0031500072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4450088,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010089019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000042359775,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414026742","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70385","title":"Climate, topography, or fuels? Top‐down versus bottom‐up controls on fire refugia across British Columbia, Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Ministry of Forests; Government of British Columbia; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Wilburforce Foundation","keywords":"Top-down and bottom-up design; Climate change; Geography; Environmental science; Ecology; Physical geography; Geology; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.00425767504848956,"score_gpt":0.21865145918711845,"score_spread":0.2143937841386289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414026742","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9228778,0.00021990502,0.000001799745,0.00020476761,0.0032458042,0.00071473856,0.0003023855,0.00012826214,0.072304554],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9675516,0.000051185052,0.00008096871,0.0008909926,0.00008123793,0.00013014086,0.000023444194,0.000033740664,0.031156685],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99738693,0.000118489086,0.00041343787,0.00070434186,0.0004686215,0.00090818125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986451,0.00035737257,0.00013345042,0.00063829834,0.000017715935,0.00020805297],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003176074,0.00024081803,0.00042497192,0.0000058350092,0.0005371619,0.00048112049,0.0005566798,0.00018841469,0.013756869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001534153,0.00031383577,0.00012797532,0.0005322632,0.00011922325,0.00022342955,0.00024458274,0.00033372396,0.0006735755],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028893907,0.000105524894,0.06401447,0.00009806797,0.00007484939,0.00025736215,0.00004524762,0.000046723362,0.00013469596,0.000011471001,0.8545849,0.08033776],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047359182,0.0005278079,0.5165776,0.0003759399,0.000040749863,0.000023204884,0.00039946398,0.00090577785,0.00022596506,0.0000352673,0.4754172,0.0007351207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9213995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9987995,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4525631,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008233001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00013575709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999314},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414088874","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70393","title":"Variable zone of influence responses by large mammals: Implications for conservation planning","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Teck (Canada); Petrel Robertson Consulting (Canada); Wave Control Systems (Canada); Workers Compensation Board of Alberta","funders":"Teck Resources","keywords":"Habitat; Habitat destruction; Species distribution; Categorical variable; Wildlife conservation; Continuous variable; Land reclamation","score_opus":0.009693223866061763,"score_gpt":0.26552452857646835,"score_spread":0.2558313047104066,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414088874","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94465065,0.00009734693,0.040886298,0.0031131136,0.000054118256,0.00029632612,0.00008334955,0.000031967535,0.010786847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97305346,0.0000062849062,0.009695087,0.003001402,0.000008532452,0.00019347519,0.000052264437,0.000006922295,0.01398256],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938464,0.000038709102,0.00020721802,0.00017325408,0.000042625892,0.00015357611],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993289,0.0003466938,0.00010112915,0.00017694761,0.000024832008,0.000021467935],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000299276,0.00006654288,0.00009882652,0.000011183917,0.00017801794,0.000009416932,0.00014050447,0.00008235178,0.00072207506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025807772,0.00007203335,0.000022018847,0.00024169752,0.000059044818,0.00018557032,0.000054155204,0.00005076101,0.000049435715],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005626105,0.000051631254,0.69181335,0.000013772518,0.000011144123,7.247827e-8,0.000040433355,0.00055138714,0.005781786,0.0088240355,0.29250714,0.00034896666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032637597,0.000031020074,0.8901264,0.000022291244,0.000014279157,4.873656e-7,0.000050276445,0.00071629917,0.00083142717,0.006675747,0.101137124,0.00006825949],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00012936121,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011587906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19831306,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000050589584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040832816,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7906216},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414838898","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70405","title":"A generalized modeling framework for spatially extensive species abundance prediction and population estimation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Yukon University; Government of Northwest Territories; Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; Université Laval; Alberta Environment and Protected Areas; Natural Resources Canada; University of Alberta; Environment and Climate Change Canada; Yukon Department of Environment; Canadian Forest Service","funders":"Canadian Forest Service; Environment and Climate Change Canada","keywords":"Abundance (ecology); Boreal; Breeding bird survey; Tundra; Taiga; Subarctic climate; Vegetation (pathology); Habitat; Generalist and specialist species; Wetland","score_opus":0.02172928360586221,"score_gpt":0.2641371707128303,"score_spread":0.24240788710696812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414838898","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.67194206,0.00009971959,0.31868038,0.00050529663,0.00020883365,0.00026981556,0.000053030148,0.000054040724,0.008186833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9800649,0.00008985391,0.018159352,0.00029279676,0.00003820569,0.000060051614,0.00017116613,0.000007279109,0.0011163754],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994063,0.000012718616,0.00015046213,0.00020548241,0.000096465265,0.00012857746],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997641,0.000030148758,0.000049466304,0.00010718536,0.000018423767,0.000030685987],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000718362,0.000084191124,0.00009493441,0.000008698864,0.00018571762,0.000052608215,0.00005012818,0.00007249651,0.006966427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010859611,0.00008530678,0.000031287673,0.00011041059,0.000029812812,0.00015557649,0.000041269293,0.000048185568,0.00007070125],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000462002,0.00024891715,0.04763942,0.00024118915,0.00008608567,0.0000026306259,0.0013926793,0.37427616,0.00497509,0.349526,0.14512452,0.07602533],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045007988,0.000033501903,0.19056617,0.00004943793,0.000023857436,0.000001065323,0.00033940043,0.7690704,0.00023238601,0.034908634,0.0041981307,0.00012698809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019754317,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00047031394,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3947942,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024526648,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000046363966,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99394137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415388746","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70417","title":"Frequency‐dependent herbicide effects on rangeland plants and soils exceed those of the invader","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan","keywords":"Rangeland; Forb; Biomass (ecology); Soil water; Plant community; Invasive species; Leafy; Native plant","score_opus":0.005273172932936505,"score_gpt":0.21848802859312672,"score_spread":0.21321485566019022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415388746","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9034054,0.0003290665,0.000019120233,0.00048569153,0.00018090686,0.00017360951,0.0000030121394,0.000008547741,0.095394604],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99543434,0.0000675075,0.000078318124,0.0005348551,0.00000696862,0.000016060107,5.954641e-7,0.000003261854,0.0038580983],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999504,0.000057776648,0.000101882695,0.00014613359,0.0000800689,0.00011013279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996143,0.00018702602,0.00004820696,0.0001296695,0.0000030311571,0.000017775146],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011022659,0.00007698625,0.000109966146,0.0000059621752,0.00013522993,0.000005668319,0.00011071094,0.00005565752,0.00033936568],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047457495,0.000051418352,0.000024431482,0.00006164109,0.00010801998,0.00003875279,0.00011397523,0.000094615054,0.00008999469],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003348686,0.000088382476,0.97231627,0.000080086116,0.00008400385,0.0000075224953,0.0009705606,0.0006710608,0.004312266,0.0012698091,0.014098584,0.0060680015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004432613,0.00003282254,0.9882312,0.000064882144,0.0000113302,0.0000011218515,0.00010663686,0.00018337558,0.0037940077,0.0069568576,0.00011451569,0.00006000653],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001170673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004018043,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09202889,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000033424203,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065369804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.37158164},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416978115","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70484","title":"Addled by antlers: Synchronous disruption to female caribou antler phenology","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; University of Guelph","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Antler; Phenology; Reproductive success; Population; Ice calving","score_opus":0.00519038521528564,"score_gpt":0.2259757707249042,"score_spread":0.22078538550961857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416978115","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90893835,0.00009964724,0.0015709728,0.0024442724,0.000339954,0.00021872959,0.000012747466,0.000058593443,0.086316735],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98122853,0.000012107352,0.00048773285,0.0030593842,0.000028011653,0.000053030308,0.00003185516,0.000007845613,0.015091497],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99915445,0.000049429338,0.00015613757,0.0003108179,0.000073226234,0.0002559259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996298,0.000042505995,0.000039417693,0.00022232482,0.0000066873945,0.00005925206],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010272549,0.00011015126,0.0001286403,0.000012252195,0.00016155743,0.000017256705,0.00017679005,0.0001306016,0.017710885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043471788,0.00011194565,0.00003276956,0.00023782259,0.000078547935,0.00013650836,0.00012178081,0.00010290286,0.005027351],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032840402,0.00011848777,0.27260426,0.0000062886024,0.000022082162,0.000004762927,0.00020502567,0.00038528655,0.0013249893,0.00021373133,0.70924705,0.015835198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004327578,0.0001309552,0.8601148,0.00001591729,0.000022593127,0.0000030154768,0.00026471633,0.00055306853,0.00068175147,0.00057380326,0.13699648,0.00021013858],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040125588,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0015543241,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5875105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017783804,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019297819,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9957473},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4417179521","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70489","title":"Removing invasive stream macrofauna shifts nontarget invertebrate mesofauna through facilitation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program","keywords":"Invertebrate; Benthic zone; Caddisfly; Abundance (ecology); Predation; Introduced species; Gammarus pulex; Invasive species; Fauna; Habitat","score_opus":0.00840868494714021,"score_gpt":0.21081590219962576,"score_spread":0.20240721725248556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4417179521","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76187456,0.00010438702,0.00074935565,0.0011133389,0.00049957196,0.00026358318,0.00003665351,0.00010529139,0.23525326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97496295,0.000052967654,0.0022161931,0.0042360746,0.000021857175,0.000016809172,0.00007401828,0.000013343128,0.018405808],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984756,0.000099089244,0.0002567956,0.00052113575,0.00018391098,0.0004634511],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994096,0.00008160263,0.00008141043,0.00032715334,0.00001552718,0.00008469535],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015826961,0.00022345406,0.0002342733,0.000017083334,0.00036348504,0.000062523926,0.00040535143,0.0001620073,0.02869176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008268948,0.000229247,0.00009232515,0.00034242417,0.00019937033,0.00071311096,0.00043545818,0.00020021306,0.010085601],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071940565,0.00014075873,0.102655455,0.00006235762,0.000084183004,0.00007169716,0.0027055407,0.0032816145,0.0029426669,0.0012192334,0.8833454,0.0034191085],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005567879,0.0007544211,0.36800086,0.00024086142,0.00024282819,0.000021742562,0.010445422,0.025949735,0.07405535,0.13633889,0.3759042,0.0024778126],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0049994146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.047518693,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5074412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003517828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045489396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99068516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7077076425","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70351","title":"Different processes and constraints drive the assembly of deep‐sea hydrothermal vent and sunken wood communities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Total Foundation; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer; University of Victoria","keywords":"Chemosynthesis; Hydrothermal vent; Dominance (genetics); Niche; Niche differentiation; Habitat; Trophic level; Competition (biology)","score_opus":0.017800048303805695,"score_gpt":0.22194011399452965,"score_spread":0.20414006569072396,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7077076425","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9664383,0.0011582929,0.00004368038,0.0006188551,0.000022782599,0.00014309808,0.000008358569,0.0000104106975,0.03155625],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999066,0.00022445436,0.00003193382,0.0001273731,0.0000065713925,0.000013528166,0.0000013912769,0.0000036317215,0.00052514573],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99949896,0.00007266606,0.00012032895,0.00009265698,0.000092674854,0.00012272698],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996661,0.0001444899,0.000044103963,0.00011625977,0.000006018066,0.000023025968],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008889052,0.00009182871,0.00013425814,0.000004780104,0.00022318496,0.000025080557,0.00013239849,0.000030750925,0.00036743612],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000012876284,0.00005487085,0.000017230723,0.000052690728,0.0009332344,0.000043834112,0.00029974437,0.000081467835,0.000006088856],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001234774,0.00066128175,0.81454706,0.0013911156,0.0005870217,0.000009072473,0.09651699,0.0004070644,0.0015778022,0.0023375633,0.010386518,0.071455024],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009923426,0.00019805707,0.9317201,0.00027661497,0.00009914554,0.000010243401,0.042952403,0.00070634874,0.013067083,0.0027992523,0.00685617,0.00032228912],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00040541848,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003352979,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.117172986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000015234983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000043070727,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4023168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7083687959","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70371","title":"Ecophysical dynamics of beaver ponds in Arctic Alaska: Implications for permafrost, aquatic habitat, and water quality","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Cultural Industries and Urban Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Beaver; Permafrost; Tundra; Thermokarst; Hydrology (agriculture); Temperate climate; Subarctic climate; Arctic; Surface water","score_opus":0.027876726692246022,"score_gpt":0.3258472268290082,"score_spread":0.2979705001367622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7083687959","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9665374,0.00005897433,0.00013663535,0.023839887,0.000090054695,0.00034033685,0.0000530188,0.000012192521,0.008931492],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9765751,0.00001618578,0.00026794896,0.00010960441,0.000024107736,0.00004675717,0.000045622182,0.0000034190043,0.022911256],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99935496,0.000040248848,0.00021300299,0.00014496817,0.00006287364,0.00018394127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99963754,0.00014245043,0.000035217876,0.00009043587,0.000056079247,0.000038289305],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021795723,0.000064786946,0.0001457577,0.000012899886,0.00016000851,0.000029913734,0.00009314925,0.00007033289,0.00013159035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008878609,0.00005048112,0.000040045248,0.00013809906,0.00011724224,0.000083112216,0.000040375136,0.00006902668,0.0000063632433],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006134731,0.00034591218,0.6431215,0.00026127943,0.000100409896,7.770225e-7,0.013392431,0.00003641257,0.0005598364,0.16516379,0.14970323,0.027253082],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00068193366,0.000042353204,0.90401864,0.00007118936,0.000027197613,2.636095e-7,0.00788513,0.0005529233,0.0002314813,0.058271833,0.027989035,0.00022799287],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011428205,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02547557,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2608972,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001725771,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009656113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99230695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7109048487","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70473","title":"Keeping logs on the past: Log driving tells the story of fire regimes in pine forests of eastern Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosphere","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Disturbance (geology); Logging; Fire regime; Ecosystem; Pine forest; Fire ecology; Settlement (finance); Period (music); Fire history","score_opus":0.004133889906018558,"score_gpt":0.18539849780436027,"score_spread":0.1812646078983417,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7109048487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9686928,0.00021712662,0.0000190794,0.0016606039,0.00023578404,0.00032881257,0.0000034421553,0.000006976651,0.028835412],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968624,0.0000061174796,0.000015407015,0.000258512,0.000018753004,0.000015102293,6.2164133e-7,0.000009519588,0.0028135306],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989332,0.00020839054,0.00023317835,0.00018699521,0.00023507101,0.00020316594],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986981,0.0006816223,0.00015266147,0.00043788433,0.0000059849963,0.000023742123],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005200322,0.00011370621,0.00018424098,0.000008608726,0.000083757004,0.000007376762,0.00044352477,0.00004281729,0.00048431114],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014454058,0.00007138046,0.00004039381,0.00023549082,0.000102068494,0.000052082807,0.00015522141,0.00020555143,0.000043307882],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022373883,0.000081687176,0.7848703,0.00015825598,0.000040825835,0.00001469525,0.0006751788,0.009182971,0.00065008574,0.00019896658,0.17525545,0.02884918],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023886854,0.00006231617,0.9718584,0.00054374785,0.000008727144,0.0000013714509,0.0004964271,0.015324296,0.0015073231,0.000109548535,0.009727454,0.00012154017],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20841521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.816305,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6078898,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024885996,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000060163144,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.796856},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}