{"meta":{"query_hash":"a4b073271576","filters":{"venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution"},"cohort_total":14,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":14,"exported":14,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/a4b073271576","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Ethology+Ecology+%26+Evolution"},"results":[{"id":"W1997465726","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2013.800162","title":"Detecting danger from prey-guild members: behavioural and metabolic responses of Ozark zigzag salamanders to alarm secretions from earthworms","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"University of Missouri","keywords":"Biology; Predation; ALARM; Salamander; Ecology; Predator; Amphibian; Zoology","score_opus":0.014746641210221255,"score_gpt":0.24047671292289904,"score_spread":0.22573007171267778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1997465726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99672294,0.00025241004,0.0005984579,0.0010462914,0.000408539,0.00043603167,0.000031740943,0.00006297689,0.00044062987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.993984,0.000030177553,0.0049881255,0.00037869383,0.00007418775,0.000088691144,0.00003718054,0.000016821972,0.00040211025],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979764,0.0005624999,0.00036705998,0.00056704076,0.00010640882,0.00042058644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888104,0.0004401249,0.00017632515,0.00032640476,0.00002481797,0.00015131106],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003487449,0.00019669256,0.00036507667,0.00011324558,0.00021094756,0.000009571511,0.00019620289,0.00048363316,0.0047780597],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028358353,0.00017515464,0.00007534933,0.00014722995,0.0009296803,0.00018453832,0.0003208743,0.00028479646,0.0005157102],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006355865,0.000045376626,0.89691186,9.349923e-7,0.000036596295,0.0000036560875,0.0012830417,0.000061338294,0.0997187,0.00002899311,0.00081132626,0.0010346437],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004086564,0.00020624227,0.99333763,0.0000053547797,0.000073448435,0.000024461975,0.00075192424,0.00019008225,0.003152519,0.0013391604,0.00033355886,0.00017695838],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006461892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011106065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09656618,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001083687,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022606886,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9961317},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026211758","doi":"10.1080/08927014.2003.9522661","title":"Factors influencing susceptibility of host nests to brood parasitism","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Avian ecology and behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Parasitism; Brood parasite; Nest (protein structural motif); Sparrow; Biology; Ecology; Host (biology); Habitat; Emberizidae; Anatidae; Zoology","score_opus":0.01772299682952049,"score_gpt":0.27278420984671475,"score_spread":0.25506121301719425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026211758","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9971122,0.000012604036,0.0007058152,0.00017470322,0.00055426994,0.00033170753,0.0000062926188,0.000048894624,0.0010534744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982662,0.0000010791578,0.0011298613,0.0002455872,0.000011577882,0.0000309762,0.000005157293,0.00001091013,0.00029862564],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99801964,0.0005507752,0.00035686934,0.00048254782,0.00010182246,0.0004883788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917346,0.00019995829,0.0001481614,0.00033416942,0.000021577249,0.00012264785],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000618688,0.0001793235,0.0003148308,0.000081984086,0.00019907592,0.0000022975232,0.00020180798,0.00048439341,0.0035812624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047331033,0.00017553712,0.00007530732,0.00026841377,0.0007440591,0.00015401696,0.00011411545,0.00028355388,0.00066756405],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013175661,0.00014816978,0.9727177,0.0000025497864,0.000006445045,0.0000069048174,0.0006519251,0.0002079279,0.025696402,0.00021396148,0.00025059056,0.00008426193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00025262192,0.0003869622,0.9939547,0.0000022244742,0.0000308616,0.000033008837,0.0003120435,0.0000020165621,0.003734502,0.0009818276,0.00015475764,0.00015443045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008567721,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00534631,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.021961901,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042669268,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046157416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973296},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2047942768","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2010.502318","title":"Mother–offspring reunion in the South American sea lion<i>Otaria flavescens</i>at Isla de Lobos (Uruguay): use of spatial, acoustic and olfactory cues","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Sea lion; Olfactory cues; Biology; Offspring; Foraging; Sensory cue; Seasonal breeder; Zoology; Ecology; Olfaction","score_opus":0.01762059853928778,"score_gpt":0.23754504913903468,"score_spread":0.2199244505997469,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2047942768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977022,0.00004682179,0.0007057426,0.0006659973,0.00015555776,0.00030683653,0.0000069788107,0.000027009572,0.00038288702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997551,0.00011521964,0.0016221385,0.00056282344,0.00004439524,0.000029985184,0.0000036996112,0.000014183574,0.00005653642],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982497,0.0005662509,0.00027736204,0.0003739298,0.00013148844,0.0004012411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99899113,0.00040038448,0.00022671111,0.00031974333,0.000014165116,0.000047861293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008355954,0.000164379,0.00029414528,0.00006644823,0.00019532624,0.0000074943796,0.00022854099,0.00019170283,0.0003299192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048032092,0.00014216901,0.000043172513,0.00018628489,0.0013860626,0.000117811025,0.00050122227,0.00048662434,0.000050605864],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004473492,0.00007500425,0.96483743,0.000010318142,0.000011612712,0.0000065517415,0.0013793816,0.00020609246,0.032021582,0.000074574185,0.00024719987,0.0010855196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022789215,0.00021545099,0.9969235,0.0000055209143,0.000038685903,0.0000368901,0.0002088198,0.0010525447,0.00018211402,0.0003117686,0.0006723125,0.00012450895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014247409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.20154299,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18729557,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000248252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021000715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9923168},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070783932","doi":"10.1080/08927014.2001.9522772","title":"Waste management in leaf-cutting ants","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":149,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Atta; Biology; Fungus; Ecology; Hymenoptera; Botany","score_opus":0.011220660746808614,"score_gpt":0.2714364943555936,"score_spread":0.260215833608785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2070783932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942025,0.00018441647,0.0006304912,0.00039132943,0.000707485,0.00023586562,0.0000019644915,0.00002599637,0.0036199407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99561197,0.0001565858,0.0006647291,0.0004733585,0.00019854294,0.00008593802,0.00006921712,0.0000146824705,0.0027249698],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99852186,0.00021702395,0.00027004388,0.0004364657,0.000048254187,0.00050634507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99957615,0.000017794739,0.000086319276,0.00024351494,0.000033751207,0.000042463478],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046752006,0.00016003277,0.00018734767,0.00016205898,0.00017251988,0.0000043023474,0.0001710047,0.00051895005,0.00011878719],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004150189,0.00017127175,0.000066933186,0.00014680235,0.00019152295,0.000007787945,0.00014272278,0.0002345112,0.000111556576],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019269492,0.0002330812,0.88460606,0.0000075923485,0.000034785146,0.00018739216,0.00005944979,0.00017256303,0.11059627,0.0006386207,0.0010791434,0.0021923205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012707666,0.00042047526,0.98665106,0.000006092442,0.000037330046,0.00032928397,0.00029605182,0.00009979327,0.0079483185,0.00071257434,0.0019869443,0.00024128966],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011812454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005720493,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10264795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058355443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003178012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.69842595},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072807593","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2014.915430","title":"Implications of female body-size variation for the reproductive ecology of an anuran amphibian","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Fecundity; Avian clutch size; Ecology; Assortative mating; Population; Abundance (ecology); Mating; Population size; Energetics; Zoology; Reproduction; Demography","score_opus":0.011217543672582018,"score_gpt":0.2599896620642583,"score_spread":0.24877211839167626,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072807593","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9806112,0.000020041998,0.0133199105,0.0035871183,0.00059069466,0.00071752194,0.00002147264,0.00003210958,0.0010999083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99442077,0.000009695236,0.0047404673,0.00023534348,0.00014433672,0.00016007248,0.000025350659,0.000012143716,0.00025183597],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980305,0.0006193848,0.0004357623,0.00053789734,0.00006136755,0.00031512306],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99764967,0.0011248109,0.0004635061,0.00064603356,0.000068845155,0.000047115256],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014629128,0.0001318009,0.00031441334,0.00005608405,0.00024993333,0.0000017822214,0.00032938083,0.00039944449,0.00045911502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010669036,0.00010421866,0.00009421275,0.00018318018,0.0015731475,0.000104355655,0.00011545101,0.00014475304,0.00004016282],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001982149,0.00036032835,0.7989912,0.00001234355,0.00005900076,2.5900442e-7,0.0013371867,0.0015746503,0.1779068,0.0160648,0.0010670515,0.0024281864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004653873,0.00092224305,0.9771034,0.0000012057324,0.000065679786,0.000037253103,0.00019473929,0.0009447748,0.00168978,0.017957551,0.00052248756,0.00009546058],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015697557,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016230276,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17811225,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015153381,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037667538,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.57963276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2122136321","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2010.505580","title":"Behavioral flexibility and species invasions: the adaptive flexibility hypothesis","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":294,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Flexibility (engineering); Biology; Adaptive value; Context (archaeology); Ecology; Adaptation (eye); Population; Adaptive behavior; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Social psychology; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.1029126647463788,"score_gpt":0.28235834257815745,"score_spread":0.17944567783177864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2122136321","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99466217,0.00007646018,0.0000069279367,0.0037729042,0.00072809146,0.00035497066,0.000020927722,0.00009775169,0.0002798051],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99869734,0.000014904755,0.0003305639,0.00010868277,0.00032525274,0.000053689062,0.000012325021,0.0000011689624,0.00045608907],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983753,0.0003991731,0.00023630717,0.0005868996,0.00009882856,0.0003034757],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991125,0.00044152414,0.00010686604,0.00016892079,0.00010316131,0.00006703663],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010287834,0.00015386454,0.0002026191,0.000016327107,0.00072065624,0.000016664544,0.0001938612,0.00040159564,0.0006505886],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032221666,0.00005619771,0.00008586239,0.00016171309,0.0014030051,0.00013415923,0.00014318254,0.0005733885,0.00005313632],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008178266,0.00017854554,0.5609331,0.0000010139901,0.0000049987466,0.0000019685185,0.000112401285,9.630412e-7,0.42847207,0.0012408494,0.00022999504,0.008742331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007959585,0.0004771534,0.98861486,0.0000010423139,0.000040626594,0.00009074827,0.00064432266,0.000010698897,0.0019671966,0.007080233,0.0008760558,0.00011746457],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00028035295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008297185,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42768177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005246507,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019209803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7123489},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131575208","doi":"10.1080/08927014.2007.9522565","title":"Information transfer determined by association of neighbours in European bee-eater (<i>Merops apiaster</i>) colonies","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Plant and animal studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Foraging; Biology; Nest (protein structural motif); Ecology; Population; Information transfer; Zoology; Demography; Statistics","score_opus":0.010719327056036594,"score_gpt":0.19690388211962156,"score_spread":0.18618455506358497,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131575208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99709296,0.00006802879,0.00007104048,0.0010256532,0.00012413118,0.00015171706,0.00004557972,0.000036721078,0.0013841903],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99939567,0.000034933968,0.000026850004,0.0002541805,0.000059049573,0.0000066043217,0.00006683708,7.979917e-7,0.00015505865],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877685,0.00025866108,0.0003905097,0.00012795742,0.000097861106,0.0003481363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942005,0.00032596927,0.00013478307,0.000015336005,0.00007263348,0.000031242245],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011285628,0.000113869755,0.00022286212,0.000042828706,0.00011749083,0.000007663189,0.00011536885,0.00021524903,0.0000623215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011581602,0.000058729885,0.00005319584,0.00018809816,0.000097996635,0.00022309518,0.00003656903,0.00015673826,0.00005285901],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000115907234,0.0000524036,0.81549007,0.000004006516,0.000012474658,0.000002878214,0.00048662449,0.0000022847566,0.18003763,0.00008537353,0.0008613518,0.0028490028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003319684,0.0003912959,0.9943169,0.000005702101,0.000013451992,0.00000804236,0.00040081557,0.000010037969,0.0025877065,0.00011242162,0.0017197585,0.000101924474],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000113976545,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.010818291,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17882681,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012213657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005058771,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6036861},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2556166128","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2016.1240109","title":"Orb-web inclination in Uloboridae spiders: the role of microhabitat structure and prey capture","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Orb (optics); Spider; Biology; Foraging; Intraspecific competition; Predation; Ecology; Habitat; Computer science","score_opus":0.005698967143301993,"score_gpt":0.23661211010692876,"score_spread":0.23091314296362678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2556166128","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954543,0.0023607754,0.00014266315,0.0014529646,0.00021314481,0.00023074399,0.000024585517,0.000007441043,0.00011335937],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991904,0.0001594908,0.00031780082,0.0001153079,0.00007971948,0.000039127073,0.000015886895,0.000007849929,0.000074424504],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989801,0.00022679112,0.00022806611,0.00030493934,0.000043058848,0.00021703372],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99948287,0.00007674743,0.00013474163,0.00020362633,0.00008064672,0.000021396032],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002675115,0.00013044737,0.00018315738,0.00007182501,0.00008711139,0.0000025057968,0.00012053748,0.00040305848,0.000018715404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025089618,0.00008344526,0.000040334613,0.0000738589,0.00049735897,0.000008302954,0.00013744594,0.00012858721,0.0000024387336],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004345147,0.000022661272,0.5853293,0.0000033853134,0.000015539988,8.9454284e-7,0.000088837514,0.0000027647425,0.41290167,0.00019665806,0.00017372135,0.0012211616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00065647514,0.00022508358,0.93945855,0.000008250443,0.000031276864,0.00004644471,0.0004230816,0.0000052084465,0.055443086,0.0018073065,0.0017913557,0.00010391026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003267934,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003249918,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35745856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000040775914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000065626904,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34027988},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2983416948","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2019.1680445","title":"Picky predators and odd prey: colour and size matter in predator choice and zebrafish’s vulnerability – a refinement of the oddity effect","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Predation; Predator; Biology; Homogeneous; Confusion; Ecology; Stimulus (psychology); Zoology; Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics","score_opus":0.0037338502907116326,"score_gpt":0.21579440153713322,"score_spread":0.2120605512464216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2983416948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942444,0.000050328075,0.00000800592,0.003016947,0.00028985864,0.0010153697,0.000007578038,0.00001543204,0.0013520585],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984505,0.000024121968,0.000106647014,0.00068556896,0.000009355437,0.00011638498,0.0000016814618,0.0000063256557,0.00059936807],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99813104,0.00073352485,0.00025677256,0.0005126813,0.00007864235,0.00028733467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987034,0.0008316699,0.00015314299,0.00026895464,0.000007984003,0.000034816574],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011334752,0.0001587303,0.00032560952,0.00003110615,0.00016552408,0.0000045848715,0.00012868491,0.00024595865,0.00075410533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00048864644,0.00012348256,0.00002403175,0.00011136098,0.0011029469,0.00016989332,0.00087540084,0.00026133604,0.00003556003],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059750048,0.0000738457,0.9951623,0.000060978407,0.000025985859,7.157054e-7,0.00024089198,0.000030852443,0.00046602517,0.000067454464,0.0037498658,0.00006134113],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010721901,0.00038075875,0.99677163,0.000008743228,0.00004776162,0.000009894526,0.000055120956,0.000098989614,0.00006809927,0.001005127,0.00037938746,0.00010229018],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00017971887,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013060922,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012881203,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014169043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009407179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8256925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3003009401","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2020.1711816","title":"Adaptations to prey base in the hypercarnivorous leopard cat <i>Prionailurus bengalensis</i>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Leopard; Biology; Predation; Trophic level; Omnivore; Ecology; Piscivore; Range (aeronautics); Mainland; Zoology; Predator","score_opus":0.03027860232138608,"score_gpt":0.25560701304174144,"score_spread":0.22532841072035537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3003009401","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96593535,0.000058643487,0.00044054375,0.0309189,0.00022387764,0.00045467744,0.000008296226,0.000057523666,0.0019022098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98872256,0.000018647419,0.0017380838,0.009135097,0.00005493233,0.00020520524,0.000008996324,0.00000970977,0.000106738946],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980721,0.0006440841,0.00026322145,0.00047697246,0.000121001336,0.00042260942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932665,0.0003146385,0.00006726063,0.00018938193,0.00001612486,0.00008596922],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000550348,0.00016348495,0.00023585072,0.000046602538,0.00041203125,0.000005161791,0.00031828354,0.00024397318,0.0006827982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041233914,0.00013727343,0.000059403978,0.00037145655,0.00047897606,0.00011370815,0.000249364,0.00036638745,0.0021013822],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006814574,0.00013377795,0.97678655,0.0000018863493,0.000007667414,0.00006259777,0.0058332244,0.0019923886,0.0054675457,0.0004471773,0.008847849,0.00035117028],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00029168883,0.0005100189,0.9945244,0.0000012673843,0.000043432952,0.00006285023,0.00195794,0.00018456228,0.00003778214,0.00031399258,0.0019339579,0.00013811476],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020562852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02012673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022787262,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000231969,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003316465,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986756},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046107870","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2020.1789748","title":"Male validation factor for three-spined stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>) mate choice likely evolutionarily conserved since 50 thousand years","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gasterosteus; Three-spined stickleback; Stickleback; Biology; Mate choice; Zoology; Ecology; Population; Territoriality; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Mating; Demography; Fishery","score_opus":0.04343196893220006,"score_gpt":0.260455819821031,"score_spread":0.21702385088883094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3046107870","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9885442,0.0002118359,0.001104241,0.007999309,0.00078116416,0.0008657608,0.0002423885,0.00020758502,0.00004347358],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972554,0.000016551914,0.0007799592,0.00047188168,0.0006991453,0.00010820641,0.00029524218,0.000005250454,0.0003683811],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979266,0.00025143832,0.0003961775,0.00077638257,0.00014911397,0.0005002887],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990011,0.0002960449,0.00025004518,0.00010601163,0.00020457446,0.00014225348],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027877133,0.00024238513,0.00035064935,0.000025766543,0.00043608615,0.000031120853,0.00024552434,0.00048581042,0.0004559191],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003856184,0.00013844685,0.00015164849,0.00025298994,0.00038778913,0.000247311,0.000105611565,0.0002732749,0.00020357297],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036422812,0.00010846868,0.4872484,0.00001788215,0.000025846553,0.0000050109775,0.00012210578,0.00007630719,0.508223,0.0002071581,0.0015059036,0.0020956674],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005338417,0.0012428379,0.9911199,0.0000068484287,0.00007465596,0.000077880584,0.00009721351,0.00035335985,0.0009675062,0.00026369165,0.0050142678,0.00024796065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010201982,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00078885205,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5072555,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013140027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040101328,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56456983},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391538046","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2023.2298482","title":"An attempt to evidence post-fire adaptation of red fox diet in a Mediterranean area","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Regione Toscana","keywords":"Vulpes; Biology; Sciurus; Foraging; Generalist and specialist species; Ecology; Carnivore; Apodemus; Mediterranean climate; Predation; Habitat; Zoology","score_opus":0.02494459871288675,"score_gpt":0.2852670022773221,"score_spread":0.26032240356443537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391538046","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919953,0.00029741172,0.002094172,0.0033916936,0.0013032152,0.00063280103,0.000010528807,0.00010912798,0.00016574496],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99860775,0.000010611794,0.00085264025,0.00020023015,0.000052724114,0.00015289831,0.000022444749,0.000019852025,0.000080870894],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99756074,0.00081899867,0.0004325539,0.0006161883,0.00019516669,0.00037636523],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99885595,0.00057164056,0.0000997104,0.00036590846,0.000024634877,0.0000821734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015965744,0.00016768921,0.00029574265,0.00020403978,0.00006577819,0.000009486317,0.00029006906,0.00032519453,0.0005740258],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006698046,0.00016996363,0.00005360891,0.00053159485,0.00023420864,0.0005126942,0.000115133094,0.00027099255,0.0005362618],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00064642384,0.0002811684,0.7188135,0.00015346387,0.000030968047,0.00021738608,0.009468852,0.016095713,0.23222047,0.00013772401,0.003633314,0.018301008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017218933,0.0018332398,0.8815306,0.000120429475,0.00001816771,0.00006242623,0.00025438005,0.115121596,0.00021503972,0.00030337067,0.00022328473,0.00014529737],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019874144,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.017435338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23200543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00067261694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004772202,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97293276},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406542925","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2024.2437352","title":"Influence of nearest neighbor distance and habitat structure on vigilance behavior","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"","keywords":"Vigilance (psychology); Ecology; Predation; Habitat; k-nearest neighbors algorithm; Biology; Foraging; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","score_opus":0.003806435090454374,"score_gpt":0.23155577478718165,"score_spread":0.22774933969672728,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406542925","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99670196,0.000060235678,0.00040723477,0.0016978368,0.0002474776,0.00024966546,0.000011727921,0.000030440257,0.000593417],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979077,0.00001058142,0.00046844943,0.0012163614,0.000012045705,0.000053850985,0.0000074888835,0.000004837355,0.00031869998],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893063,0.0001836211,0.00023202853,0.00035699306,0.00006644006,0.0002302737],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993489,0.00024120124,0.00013324297,0.00022377676,0.000021274178,0.00003159852],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018451689,0.00012377716,0.0001990844,0.00006401713,0.00018814168,0.0000032498042,0.00015499174,0.0003256856,0.00012253583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023391616,0.00012433992,0.00002353336,0.00022066751,0.0010037358,0.00014208388,0.00011139757,0.00025835674,0.00003968981],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007532553,0.000056138677,0.9856286,0.0000083698715,0.0000070505744,0.000005006718,0.00005233568,0.0035922162,0.0033707754,0.0062357765,0.00075010303,0.00021826914],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00033202622,0.00017600422,0.9923886,0.000011085848,0.000029027515,0.000012656158,0.000016641532,0.00022461182,0.00025805173,0.006213359,0.00024954078,0.0000883819],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047734768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023549858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0067599807,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001563033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032707303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5070435},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410723576","doi":"10.1080/03949370.2025.2482536","title":"Key cetacean feeding habitats identified in Iceland: a multi-model ensemble approach using opportunistic behavioural and ecogeographical data","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ethology Ecology & Evolution","topic":"Marine animal studies overview","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Key (lock); Habitat; Biology; Ecology","score_opus":0.10890846762996598,"score_gpt":0.32692759706466695,"score_spread":0.21801912943470098,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410723576","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.979652,0.00018755953,0.017684177,0.0003965535,0.00019830916,0.00035180032,0.000016336806,0.000040513543,0.0014727385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97861296,0.00006838842,0.020792088,0.0002239396,0.000008833542,0.000028972945,0.000062449006,0.000010832981,0.0001915469],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979059,0.00031391694,0.0003849673,0.00080037705,0.00010797992,0.0004868653],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999261,0.00014283122,0.000118982745,0.00039104288,0.000013391122,0.00007273208],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013351153,0.00019635208,0.00036460964,0.00016619108,0.0003072372,0.000017644494,0.000379777,0.00029349388,0.00006624066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029629777,0.00020763943,0.000038901035,0.00033266997,0.0006168781,0.00025525168,0.001998795,0.00039927574,0.000015832258],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026769152,0.00016801416,0.99680716,0.000021231339,0.000019402787,0.000027439728,0.00013848662,0.00051934307,0.0010121698,0.00050505897,0.00035943568,0.00039548785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053074583,0.000029594097,0.7333877,0.000007965575,0.000078175726,0.000041002946,0.000113595015,0.2648383,0.0000017458234,0.0008233865,0.000023966051,0.00012381119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022332738,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.030790852,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26431897,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002847756,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003737361,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98689467},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}