{"meta":{"query_hash":"dea501b3e643","filters":{"venue":"Intelligence"},"cohort_total":29,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":29,"exported":29,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/dea501b3e643","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Intelligence"},"results":[{"id":"W1504690060","doi":"10.1016/s0160-2896(01)00086-1","title":"Why early intervention works","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Infant Development and Preterm Care","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Intervention (counseling); Psychology; Appeal; Developmental psychology; Variance (accounting); Clinical psychology; Psychiatry","score_opus":0.03483419718286779,"score_gpt":0.279714471702893,"score_spread":0.2448802745200252,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1504690060","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8180503,0.003027407,0.024854813,0.0022058974,0.0013049219,0.0005279026,0.0000072495604,0.00029509614,0.1497264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99570054,0.00015320518,0.0013160334,0.0010994629,0.000086956396,0.0000099765775,0.000011939445,0.000009143587,0.0016127665],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99938077,0.000013646566,0.00017511156,0.00013989203,0.00014210441,0.000148452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99965507,0.000022992044,0.000034518052,0.00016003626,0.00006780903,0.000059585604],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007290772,0.00007992197,0.000100094396,0.000065016284,0.000032235064,0.000029596196,0.000079621816,0.00006317353,0.0035202126],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000043298445,0.00007059795,0.000081166516,0.00013632844,0.00003224494,0.00010831675,0.000023924305,0.00014445659,0.00036379843],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011534864,0.00006195593,0.046469443,0.00011798041,0.00008294207,0.00020864543,0.0072318474,0.000004161057,0.00039448176,0.00077373075,0.029846963,0.9146925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014527552,0.0017930914,0.04446344,0.006092288,0.0002433985,0.0007069308,0.0013371024,0.009111309,0.12704387,0.004798263,0.801169,0.0017885839],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026441661,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000059304234,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9129039,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024470055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002903207,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973907},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1964283537","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2011.06.009","title":"On the myth and the reality of the temporal validity degradation of general mental ability test scores","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Construct validity; Psychology; Criterion validity; Predictive validity; Construct (python library); Cognitive psychology; Concurrent validity; Test (biology); Test validity; Developmental psychology; Incremental validity; Measurement invariance; Ecological validity; Social psychology; Psychometrics; Cognition; Statistics; Confirmatory factor analysis; Computer science; Structural equation modeling; Mathematics","score_opus":0.17097926773578104,"score_gpt":0.34216320733285954,"score_spread":0.1711839395970785,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1964283537","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9876623,0.0000504233,0.00041434774,0.0008395538,0.00018947193,0.00037190923,0.000050043345,0.000008147579,0.01041376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995243,0.000006918298,0.00006129004,0.00022290571,0.00002386487,0.000018852681,0.0000015453256,0.0000043172276,0.0001360191],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998888,0.00040779868,0.0002838255,0.00017137041,0.00013964369,0.00010936413],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99699986,0.0022755144,0.00018731819,0.0004197915,0.000101131445,0.000016397751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011327493,0.000083360705,0.00011942863,0.000010887983,0.00011393304,0.000006651356,0.0002496699,0.000031685184,0.00034742546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013686061,0.000037253478,0.0000711699,0.000105715524,0.0011539981,0.000028683084,0.00009533547,0.00013095666,0.0000036518934],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040445675,0.00046483238,0.70098734,0.000038287533,0.000049087255,6.8530534e-7,0.015852356,0.0000024640465,0.0006157716,0.25560364,0.00068146817,0.02529961],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00020451551,0.0002732146,0.81451577,0.000060862305,0.000034841,0.0000083889945,0.0037298973,0.00036447146,0.044278316,0.13635197,0.0000734634,0.00010429179],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008141221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00026212365,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11925167,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000013644266,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019358376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99846363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1965687021","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2007.11.003","title":"Does test anxiety induce measurement bias in cognitive ability tests?","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Personality Traits and Psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Test anxiety; Anxiety; Test (biology); Cognition; Cognitive bias; Structural equation modeling; Cognitive test; Developmental psychology; Clinical psychology; Response bias; Statistics; Social psychology; Psychiatry","score_opus":0.26361533010288496,"score_gpt":0.3985616535835013,"score_spread":0.13494632348061636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965687021","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96559405,0.0003723507,0.0011060656,0.0010277864,0.0011659958,0.00039037896,0.000060163366,0.00008125974,0.030201932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99766064,0.00009983451,0.00012646867,0.0013842202,0.00013673543,0.000087106135,0.000004832768,0.000016190475,0.00048395418],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99768066,0.0003080659,0.00047530327,0.0006911755,0.00035451172,0.000490303],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99824244,0.0008811627,0.000103396036,0.00040541578,0.00024071861,0.00012686924],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012939936,0.00022590856,0.00027322437,0.00010759236,0.00011342872,0.000013080086,0.00032546083,0.00020781042,0.0028354945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013925951,0.00015843636,0.00009186529,0.0004255588,0.00046312233,0.00008525703,0.000038748753,0.0005746749,0.0007469476],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012356418,0.001518757,0.91452914,0.000013936159,0.00004243276,0.00011604814,0.012725073,0.0000019140034,0.000993311,0.00050647656,0.0013828835,0.068046466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027047264,0.00020276089,0.9873363,0.00006812652,0.000009847304,0.000110777255,0.0017463224,0.0000074808822,0.0020136687,0.0017720251,0.006172054,0.00029016798],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010316907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010116989,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.072807156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000101433696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008427104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998076},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1971716574","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2013.10.003","title":"A spiking neural model applied to the study of human performance and cognitive decline on Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Neural dynamics and brain function","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Raven's Progressive Matrices; Neurophysiology; Cognition; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Task (project management); Human intelligence; Psychology; Spiking neural network; Artificial neural network; Machine learning; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.03828880499321415,"score_gpt":0.30919362142008194,"score_spread":0.2709048164268678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1971716574","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9966903,0.000011541416,0.0012081976,0.00015079675,0.000073285104,0.0014295179,0.00000354941,0.000026700158,0.00040612495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99897826,0.000011356432,0.00006416263,0.0006449772,0.00002488132,0.00019565057,5.8135294e-7,0.000011670142,0.000068474954],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989277,0.000036160214,0.00022607288,0.0003612512,0.00026102958,0.00018779607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934584,0.00021603638,0.00014078752,0.00017040026,0.00007597794,0.000050943516],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000095254734,0.00013554217,0.00013516835,0.00007379681,0.00021748275,0.00006303138,0.00024820503,0.000021919472,0.000011731122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000114485236,0.00008859896,0.00001940833,0.00027310333,0.00008306061,0.00013637781,0.0001604876,0.00015023816,0.000023818686],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00051865773,0.0007952964,0.0033209152,0.000071211914,0.000013817943,0.000011608886,0.0056112832,0.12146596,0.23501076,0.0018113967,0.000020264046,0.63134885],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00030659535,0.003323449,0.012015752,0.00011806951,0.000025995132,0.000010442913,0.0022862507,0.74990046,0.2302763,0.0014117747,0.000010417508,0.00031448196],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001790035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000012083828,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6310343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000009396417,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006728711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36129606},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1974947391","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2012.11.004","title":"Life History theory and social deviance: The mediating role of Executive Function","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","field":"Psychology","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Deviance (statistics); Psychology; Executive functions; Structural equation modeling; Developmental psychology; Social psychology; Life history theory; Cognition; Set (abstract data type); Cognitive psychology; Life history; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.03849761482734073,"score_gpt":0.30560666768123346,"score_spread":0.26710905285389275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1974947391","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9237712,0.013603085,0.0042382237,0.0006769912,0.0019849,0.00043771538,0.000009176964,0.00006855594,0.055210177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99637574,0.000018128983,0.000036670546,0.0008465418,0.00017010038,0.00008791791,0.0000029195196,0.000008176514,0.0024538133],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991443,0.00023932163,0.00020235796,0.0001830077,0.00008311765,0.00014788154],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993006,0.0003112927,0.00012535987,0.00015041672,0.000075144155,0.000037213318],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003612751,0.00008200753,0.00010286381,0.000039328777,0.00012839954,0.000003881835,0.0001512303,0.000109231936,0.005422524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000071599425,0.00006370011,0.00003772092,0.00004204644,0.0005587411,0.00008018077,0.00002878686,0.00020316457,0.00041685125],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002184131,0.00017295111,0.021710658,0.000012191998,0.0000899586,0.000001584542,0.06139077,0.000001695346,0.0026936075,0.7918787,0.030749222,0.09108022],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019226503,0.00026637263,0.7743312,0.000018420626,0.000101049016,0.00002023496,0.040248834,0.000029391864,0.0003450076,0.15017717,0.033989385,0.0002806619],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000062014275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000054706697,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7526206,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032794036,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029557912,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9954867},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1995833317","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2006.03.007","title":"The chronometry of mental ability: An event-related potential analysis of an auditory oddball discrimination task","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Mismatch negativity; Psychology; Oddball paradigm; Stimulus (psychology); Audiology; Event-related potential; Contingent negative variation; P3b; Electroencephalography; Latency (audio); Backward masking; Engram; Cognitive psychology; Speech recognition; Perception; Neuroscience; Computer science","score_opus":0.019458681100856058,"score_gpt":0.2984623725911935,"score_spread":0.27900369149033744,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1995833317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929724,0.000013393034,0.005912863,0.00005285031,0.0006258125,0.00016180438,0.000039593502,0.000024895753,0.00019641081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996955,0.00004329582,0.000029918576,0.00003642862,0.000054308974,0.0000064380797,0.000019208279,0.0000065347513,0.00010836164],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982392,0.0001933674,0.00047908127,0.0004262567,0.00046071343,0.00020136056],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99909586,0.00008718485,0.0002577103,0.00044229988,0.00006447077,0.000052453997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040605772,0.00011082779,0.00016495063,0.0002440718,0.00019630573,0.00003913079,0.00048971985,0.000051209805,0.00010419457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012679899,0.00008548012,0.00013631325,0.0012122858,0.00063732464,0.0005303101,0.00005854605,0.000095487056,0.000008144887],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002144429,0.00030043293,0.0002395249,0.0000047658805,0.000006656511,0.000001472766,0.00041394556,0.005105143,0.9782761,0.0006700724,0.000012870503,0.014947621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000081902486,0.00038267663,0.18849103,0.000011703044,0.00018604343,0.0000055650985,0.00075300504,0.11994897,0.6881014,0.0017506434,0.00010605025,0.0001809814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00031126852,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021317188,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2901746,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000061177154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043707023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3485778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2001021712","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2006.04.003","title":"IQ and the wealth of states","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Quarter (Canadian coin); Per capita; Variance (accounting); Psychology; Gross domestic product; State (computer science); Intelligence quotient; Replicate; Demographic economics; Economics; Demography; Economic growth; Statistics; Geography; Cognition; Population; Sociology; Psychiatry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02788253267102575,"score_gpt":0.32513235649624156,"score_spread":0.2972498238252158,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2001021712","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9033916,0.0023453736,0.009214204,0.00070967386,0.00017113342,0.00016668682,0.000010821905,0.000023415654,0.083967075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987976,0.00003224529,0.000113441914,0.00011129295,0.000039869436,0.000007689524,9.659451e-7,0.0000034914399,0.00089343503],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995714,0.00004963665,0.00014331151,0.00009186515,0.00004441537,0.00009939936],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988704,0.000922104,0.000048250226,0.00010085035,0.000047626356,0.000010776372],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022348331,0.000040334708,0.00007285265,0.000013990685,0.00003348508,0.000005899221,0.00006219816,0.000014350192,0.00040584969],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000078271754,0.000025848847,0.000018681369,0.00005920803,0.0003034573,0.000013316232,0.000023774632,0.000052193445,0.000026832675],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012778661,0.0000833291,0.054313313,0.00003544242,0.00002376927,0.0000059173167,0.006473918,0.000033108074,0.000060627975,0.66100454,0.00087576266,0.27696252],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000702074,0.0002955052,0.17123158,0.00010805926,0.000040557483,0.000060633545,0.02062116,0.0012173365,0.0063679833,0.7869294,0.012142959,0.00028271836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0042968956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011241179,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27667978,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000032757828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006035782,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6495649},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003966286","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2011.05.001","title":"Statistical inference and spatial patterns in correlates of IQ","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Independence (probability theory); Psychology; Autocorrelation; Intelligence quotient; Econometrics; Statistics; Inference; Spatial analysis; Regression; Spatial ability; Control (management); Statistical inference; Regression analysis; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology; Mathematics; Cognition; Artificial intelligence; Computer science","score_opus":0.09408060074509705,"score_gpt":0.3516821233276913,"score_spread":0.2576015225825942,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003966286","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8692579,0.000066413195,0.12212158,0.000005091122,0.00013424853,0.00006938359,0.000024182766,0.00000959863,0.008311591],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999516,0.000012675653,0.0003851892,0.000019964635,0.000011242054,0.000008556095,0.0000016895783,0.000004729393,0.000039953884],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994036,0.000043624244,0.00020925501,0.00015764228,0.000049377646,0.00013652096],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990448,0.00074018916,0.00004315735,0.00009578055,0.000044026514,0.000032094224],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010654885,0.00006233839,0.00010324309,0.000041578798,0.000010621296,0.0000036723002,0.00006974323,0.000038486396,0.0035163353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036010367,0.000058983223,0.000010272949,0.000046969708,0.0001387274,0.000025120387,0.00004679982,0.000108423534,0.000043686316],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022577946,0.00005417174,0.79480106,0.0000115126395,0.0000040430955,0.000018466988,0.004612155,3.4293157e-7,0.000009388239,0.016907016,0.0000015687366,0.18355769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005351306,0.0001755999,0.9800155,0.00006124951,0.000004574415,0.000007538031,0.0017447339,0.00034502643,0.0006511301,0.01685971,0.0000078255125,0.00007356577],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011590082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00103265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18521446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000538919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000100449815,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99739456},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010736369","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2014.02.007","title":"A comment on “Fractionating Intelligence” and the peer review process","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","funders":"Medical Research Council","keywords":"Psychology; Constructive; Construct (python library); Process (computing); Meaning (existential); Cognitive psychology; Epistemology; Social psychology; Cognitive science; Computer science; Psychotherapist","score_opus":0.1010839787647739,"score_gpt":0.4025971510332165,"score_spread":0.30151317226844265,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010736369","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0120937275,0.01244973,0.14855959,0.29716757,0.0017085137,0.0024615559,0.000015048996,0.00026559582,0.5252787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97121304,0.000370852,0.0001412228,0.026940757,0.00013254338,0.00016271044,0.0000029139742,0.000012662859,0.0010233147],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986558,0.00023560043,0.00030823806,0.00028611766,0.0003097551,0.00020449953],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959677,0.0032078673,0.00012469415,0.00026094515,0.00039175214,0.000047042307],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020869866,0.00012902901,0.00018261393,0.000029157858,0.00017398053,0.00003799711,0.0002023033,0.000034456818,0.0011716154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00456364,0.00008368535,0.00005165264,0.00015606332,0.00024589748,0.000044473385,0.00005318023,0.00028771945,0.0003037702],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052744184,0.00007291865,0.0006254651,0.00019399088,0.000026475409,0.0000019524168,0.0030944755,0.00001850299,4.7374957e-7,0.23886135,0.0036420925,0.75340956],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005376104,0.000825714,0.002216874,0.0060248654,0.00016924916,0.00020073583,0.018844804,0.0076636546,0.0009994896,0.3058867,0.6557085,0.0009218166],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015744085,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008031336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9591193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000018222974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000010088856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99974144},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012083674","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2011.11.007","title":"Toddler working memory skills predict kindergarten school readiness","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Early Childhood Education and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Developmental psychology; Toddler; Working memory; Standardized test; Association (psychology); Academic achievement; Socioeconomic status; Vocabulary; Cognitive development; Cognition; Mathematics education; Population","score_opus":0.05833624705731356,"score_gpt":0.30267708317117337,"score_spread":0.24434083611385982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012083674","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11172048,0.00037960673,0.0067693256,0.0012226221,0.0033914458,0.0004896443,0.0000013879413,0.00035577285,0.8756697],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98299193,0.00020541703,0.002772214,0.0007189066,0.0004140516,0.000022111159,0.000001756337,0.000011839596,0.012861771],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868923,0.00009221796,0.00024826694,0.0002614041,0.00035996345,0.00034889436],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992051,0.00008586605,0.00007981207,0.00022749169,0.00012882242,0.0002729105],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005681184,0.000109092565,0.000109232264,0.000092880044,0.00032659795,0.00007699904,0.0004364324,0.00009602465,0.0050702086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044630322,0.000104936764,0.00004702524,0.00037726108,0.00017068801,0.00021758807,0.000047397018,0.00016253298,0.0015847767],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000023947958,0.0004907154,0.26032922,0.000013537641,0.00008529972,0.000025429357,0.36402646,0.000021053187,0.000028990851,0.04528042,0.019397698,0.31027722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002146392,0.00010369354,0.60355157,0.00051190204,0.000045239914,0.000013321324,0.06968561,0.000021394202,0.011266227,0.053789217,0.25944236,0.001354848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015396102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00067469536,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.87127143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010889103,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061281014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991926},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2024862325","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2013.12.005","title":"Evidence that analytic cognitive style influences religious belief: Comment on Razmyar and Reeve (2013)","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Religiosity; Psychology; Cognitive style; Style (visual arts); Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Relation (database); Social psychology","score_opus":0.10173152167605364,"score_gpt":0.361310822504807,"score_spread":0.25957930082875336,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2024862325","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95582277,0.0043353857,0.0118773775,0.004767805,0.0005519057,0.00064217014,0.000021540898,0.00015813837,0.021822928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99289286,0.0006228901,0.00014311148,0.005866444,0.00010289944,0.000058302267,0.0000029763482,0.000019462475,0.00029104704],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981073,0.00025518044,0.00033133582,0.0006182848,0.00027228866,0.00041560322],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99345577,0.0056339777,0.00021025061,0.00035559537,0.00020436758,0.00014004104],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007223001,0.00023740089,0.00026879832,0.000110798625,0.00016982661,0.00007636769,0.00024649713,0.000091219925,0.00053553574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021811202,0.00021083585,0.00006494257,0.00020068033,0.00039293437,0.00012830627,0.00012783485,0.00029161357,0.0006378092],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00042963776,0.0003217114,0.15874603,0.000107065476,0.00019883658,0.000076219825,0.015951863,0.00004262585,0.00008605179,0.009308212,0.006975046,0.80775666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002816726,0.017967531,0.60266674,0.018656688,0.001035082,0.0005636047,0.09066557,0.0072680605,0.024578415,0.13528168,0.09282985,0.0056700665],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015744282,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011202256,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.80208665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039303668,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001974941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8597636},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040450144","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2011.08.001","title":"IQ, skin color, crime, HIV/AIDS, and income in 50 U.S. states","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Demography; Life expectancy; Nexus (standard); Developmental psychology; Sociology","score_opus":0.05873063188733219,"score_gpt":0.31988256098046053,"score_spread":0.26115192909312834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040450144","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92866,0.00076904916,0.0020959128,0.00003251775,0.00023582063,0.0001817713,0.000016202079,0.000050160685,0.06795859],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99694204,0.000054432086,0.0015707321,0.00017582484,0.0000340664,0.000035467587,0.0000029650462,0.000014198048,0.0011702703],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99897003,0.000080821854,0.0002730075,0.00031027963,0.000071347604,0.00029449078],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991175,0.00051127776,0.000054002834,0.00019141733,0.00006113769,0.00006466919],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026970345,0.00012356484,0.00015524724,0.00010473771,0.000040653176,0.000016896012,0.00015095941,0.00006276877,0.0028634025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018634659,0.00011860565,0.000026756645,0.00016510171,0.0001912909,0.00007784028,0.00009751103,0.00017361835,0.00039583351],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016814313,0.00031250808,0.6867554,0.00005239245,0.000039402494,0.00012868301,0.034900818,0.0000032006442,0.000096339354,0.07258193,0.00034598322,0.20461519],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031298993,0.00068110763,0.871457,0.00017789028,0.000020871443,0.00007335789,0.024167782,0.0002638276,0.005630225,0.091321535,0.0053701517,0.0005232695],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023976269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021794732,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20409192,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000021373235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001480053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980481},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065098502","doi":"10.1016/s0160-2896(01)00088-5","title":"Behavioral Genetics (4th edition)","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Behavioural genetics; Psychology; Cognitive science; Developmental psychology","score_opus":0.14237967872183663,"score_gpt":0.37048741725397094,"score_spread":0.2281077385321343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065098502","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7147962,0.0016612848,0.018312117,0.0003452835,0.0023550717,0.0002331892,0.000032890766,0.00020008799,0.2620639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99372023,0.00002652285,0.0005497778,0.00023296419,0.0003335557,0.000025058478,0.0000031799073,0.000012323412,0.0050963787],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99925995,0.000031209613,0.00016922942,0.0002110347,0.000099367826,0.00022918578],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999464,0.0001487078,0.000036867987,0.0002095942,0.0000834806,0.000057387584],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000062523366,0.000085538784,0.00007463529,0.000035935016,0.00006683755,0.000021146418,0.00013386122,0.000049084287,0.031276353],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046434896,0.00008757962,0.00004524421,0.00011696422,0.000104202045,0.00003944823,0.00003425055,0.00012460137,0.003690295],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005045074,0.00033499455,0.01687027,0.0000055653863,0.00001279367,0.00006491559,0.0033343944,0.0000082391925,0.00007238517,0.00760182,0.008477225,0.9632124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011302717,0.0044549736,0.15519369,0.00036132373,0.0003345194,0.0011202891,0.032743935,0.008891115,0.025036246,0.07997329,0.68691695,0.0038433888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010948199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017765457,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95936894,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000017509825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000034010902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99708545},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072950885","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2004.01.001","title":"Maximizing IntelligenceDavid J. Armor (2003), New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, ISBN 0-7658-0185-X (hbk), pp. xi+227","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Military History and Strategy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Database transaction; Library science; Psychology; Computer science; Database","score_opus":0.04473109936593148,"score_gpt":0.29632126363818123,"score_spread":0.25159016427224973,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072950885","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05158083,0.019706376,0.7251241,0.006880526,0.010494209,0.001983284,0.000020423928,0.001347508,0.1828627],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96861154,0.005722722,0.008088468,0.0010523703,0.001234042,0.000028013908,0.00002404033,0.00007077462,0.01516804],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9961842,0.0002582866,0.00076924515,0.0008673599,0.0008846626,0.0010362905],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99798983,0.00014640819,0.00019406163,0.0005705148,0.00041113672,0.0006880738],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012071268,0.00040883175,0.00040633325,0.00020107599,0.0010126642,0.00035646826,0.0011455719,0.00037926662,0.0036357746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006511321,0.00044121887,0.00022592035,0.0017795658,0.0007277317,0.0022566852,0.000036163234,0.0007037915,0.0011873115],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038652908,0.00065082737,0.0005761526,0.00012374915,0.00016134811,0.0002898388,0.11070696,0.0077971374,0.0010546362,0.43019032,0.020684976,0.42737752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034365358,0.00043837805,0.00038669017,0.00025078678,0.00009465068,0.000053943844,0.048228562,0.00021958687,0.010267337,0.067169875,0.87107533,0.0014711905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.09216845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0607798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9170307,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00076671364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003675551,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99980396},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080851087","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2014.05.010","title":"Yes, but flaws remain","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Psychoanalysis; Cognitive psychology; Epistemology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.053852728495188115,"score_gpt":0.28092999009534936,"score_spread":0.22707726160016123,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080851087","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.33103508,0.00032413023,0.39322025,0.024114184,0.004896932,0.00072742417,0.00002854327,0.0010479164,0.24460553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98982143,0.000038412312,0.0006319854,0.006163867,0.00019947026,0.000019215413,2.946785e-7,0.000013462876,0.0031118642],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987208,0.00013278161,0.00016542849,0.00045637172,0.00027650318,0.00024809907],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99448776,0.005023436,0.0000509476,0.0003351094,0.000042811756,0.00005990436],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033376846,0.00012273567,0.00013173677,0.00005696974,0.00018197487,0.00003794016,0.00030835433,0.000039168957,0.00015085613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.019212127,0.00011169798,0.000055608805,0.00024044175,0.00018979578,0.00012587423,0.00012247467,0.0001450747,0.0018477611],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006913642,0.00016622049,0.0013201024,0.000048572736,0.00001316554,0.000036573696,0.00062279706,0.00073305244,0.34754768,0.43146926,0.024960645,0.1930128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000039970317,0.00012232499,0.00041061413,0.000023128738,0.000003902379,0.00003584574,0.0000674704,0.0038067705,0.79439014,0.04091267,0.15996465,0.00022250405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003967718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000036327056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.65878636,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000037811024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018936182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99892944},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089635442","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2006.04.006","title":"g and the measurement of Multiple Intelligences: A response to Gardner","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Emotional Intelligence and Performance","field":"Psychology","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Construct (python library); Theory of multiple intelligences; Variety (cybernetics); Test (biology); Construct validity; Cognitive psychology; Human intelligence; Task (project management); Verbal reasoning; Intelligence quotient; Social psychology; Cognition; Psychometrics; Developmental psychology; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.06571063224592649,"score_gpt":0.3321682713439737,"score_spread":0.2664576390980472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2089635442","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.85399044,0.0030891094,0.10834732,0.0027739054,0.0011486378,0.0010311462,0.00002367236,0.000074478754,0.02952128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997074,0.00006485571,0.0005670366,0.000439144,0.00011004757,0.00008724849,0.0000011486413,0.000013430263,0.0016430601],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981574,0.00021298858,0.0005460357,0.00033086273,0.00045478772,0.0002979417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99822867,0.0008283021,0.000120336634,0.00043777903,0.00031364916,0.00007128127],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0022502553,0.00017094985,0.00022885835,0.00013005036,0.000103840495,0.000025834606,0.00041214828,0.00007603756,0.000719603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036765324,0.00011335803,0.00009115457,0.0003698044,0.00047893546,0.00006457021,0.00007502375,0.00016099769,0.0006491175],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.04421916,0.0012825548,0.046712946,0.00016975195,0.00043120654,0.000057747067,0.04639914,0.013129964,0.016737008,0.56594646,0.019222131,0.24569196],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018702336,0.0021745665,0.1486749,0.00095802307,0.00018531624,0.00022453725,0.01844076,0.009853152,0.46105,0.11810629,0.23643897,0.0020232475],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015722689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00038627858,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44784015,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003664518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042293348,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83433086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2100716030","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2006.09.002","title":"General mental ability in South Asians: Data from three Roma (Gypsy) communities in Serbia","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Romani and Gypsy Studies","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Raven's Progressive Matrices; Demography; Psychology; Population; Ethnic group; Intelligence quotient; Developmental psychology; Cognition","score_opus":0.20886474361524288,"score_gpt":0.4335098925582633,"score_spread":0.2246451489430204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2100716030","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9890844,0.0012005145,0.0006550242,0.000672488,0.00055911776,0.0005529938,0.00050291786,0.00006295113,0.0067095836],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99743533,0.000097656935,0.0011416683,0.00032038573,0.00020700888,0.000072268675,0.00038052752,0.000018311752,0.0003268175],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.997647,0.00045809057,0.0007770816,0.00037104377,0.0002192786,0.0005274918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99803877,0.0005928824,0.00012457198,0.0011541259,0.00004452419,0.000045147634],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072795345,0.0002015374,0.0003394738,0.00010035129,0.0003432651,0.000016094711,0.0009275968,0.00015207227,0.0007603897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010180221,0.00018417346,0.000033473036,0.0002448622,0.00018392247,0.0002536167,0.00083937653,0.0007056228,0.00038825037],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046121953,0.00012429844,0.9781013,0.00003690687,0.000010752199,0.000012027186,0.01697706,0.00005282136,0.0000615027,0.000655615,0.0025138182,0.0014077494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002627649,0.000032266387,0.9488338,0.00031889282,0.0000071889767,4.4322965e-7,0.029654052,0.0040784474,0.00009173828,0.012894892,0.003585752,0.000239754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10897274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5187977,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4098249,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000182367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009501467,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8969607},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117904316","doi":"10.1016/s0160-2896(02)00093-4","title":"Jensen Effects among African, Indian, and White engineering students in South Africa on Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Raven's Progressive Matrices; Percentile; Psychology; Intelligence quotient; Generality; White (mutation); Demography; Population; Test (biology); Ethnic group; Cross-cultural; Clinical psychology; Cognition; Statistics; Mathematics; Anthropology; Psychiatry; Sociology","score_opus":0.022524559381976648,"score_gpt":0.2866589648701898,"score_spread":0.26413440548821315,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117904316","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935138,0.0012667645,0.00046334,0.000040943956,0.0002055815,0.0005184986,0.000015232616,0.000073991214,0.0039018013],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991283,0.000015180452,0.00026844486,0.000030872838,0.000061653205,0.000113397204,8.360383e-7,0.000024624513,0.00035672623],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857837,0.000082454266,0.0002517256,0.00041051675,0.00025710952,0.00041983894],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998811,0.00073090073,0.000101666614,0.00019671202,0.000058173064,0.000101564976],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021586793,0.00019800496,0.00022716919,0.00022061517,0.000055417895,0.0000801367,0.00020054817,0.000081753926,0.0003251509],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000416717,0.00018730584,0.00003784658,0.00037737112,0.000096806514,0.00006840748,0.00009549211,0.00028105004,0.000097485405],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012610854,0.00026527626,0.74221927,0.00018967704,0.00009414906,0.0013650614,0.16779159,0.00024427255,0.000017372704,0.0003639428,0.000122010795,0.08720128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00139414,0.0029620796,0.9453946,0.0025928575,0.000096694705,0.00006561896,0.038298663,0.0023260356,0.0020177953,0.0011543301,0.0020333643,0.0016638159],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000027375649,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011493621,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20317535,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054365242,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005022552,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.763811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2161147133","doi":"10.1016/s0160-2896(00)00035-0","title":"Performance on Raven's Matrices by African and White University Students in South Africa","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Raven's Progressive Matrices; Psychology; White (mutation); Percentile; Normative; Significant difference; Demography; Intelligence quotient; Developmental psychology; Gerontology; Cognition; Medicine; Statistics; Sociology; Mathematics; Psychiatry","score_opus":0.026370608893525112,"score_gpt":0.27781049723420537,"score_spread":0.25143988834068026,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2161147133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91075057,0.00013993763,0.000049024282,0.000040168557,0.000042024796,0.00010353945,0.000017063385,0.000025192045,0.088832475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913037,0.00007055228,0.00004025053,0.000039628587,0.000015186683,0.000002417482,0.0000012841525,0.000006477487,0.008520539],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921703,0.000059665905,0.00011427482,0.00026727412,0.00011822096,0.00022352164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995993,0.0001633434,0.00003427428,0.00013071604,0.000021586333,0.000050823754],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014072425,0.00009483855,0.00010058435,0.00007310867,0.000067158966,0.000019632273,0.00019127404,0.00003931573,0.0018566742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001889141,0.0000965846,0.000018038749,0.0002542308,0.00008559249,0.000056146793,0.000039475202,0.00013660143,0.00027517488],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002629488,0.00022049312,0.7344916,0.000017003831,0.000018364679,0.000049093185,0.042425927,0.000059108505,0.0000061721016,0.00016302512,0.00026681632,0.22201948],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00081774796,0.0012351094,0.8730563,0.00027542,0.00003735216,0.000016188262,0.07294006,0.0009976905,0.0001739298,0.00039121797,0.049281385,0.0007776066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000101059624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013346479,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22124188,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000326137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006781621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99905574},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2171989290","doi":"10.1016/s0160-2896(03)00055-2","title":"The Battlegrounds of Bio-Science: Cross-Examining the Experts on Evolutionary Psychology, Race, Intelligence, & Genetics, Population, Environment, & Cloning By Frank Miele, Bloomington, In: 1stBooks, 2002, ISBN: 1-4033-6030-8, pp. xvi+316","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Evolution and Science Education","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Race (biology); Population; Cloning (programming); Demography; Sociology; Gender studies; Computer science","score_opus":0.06409649142669242,"score_gpt":0.33087990376533105,"score_spread":0.2667834123386386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2171989290","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8910402,0.026453787,0.01506073,0.0023121492,0.0076392023,0.0012769238,0.000060269038,0.00013045712,0.056026254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98289484,0.003100812,0.0007655438,0.0005800174,0.00023892532,0.00006905626,0.000020130154,0.000025993662,0.012304699],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99657243,0.00025297157,0.00096998294,0.0007330309,0.0007766653,0.0006949331],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976768,0.00062558975,0.0004078533,0.00092041725,0.00023916006,0.00013020838],"candidate_categories":["sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0020882562,0.00032104738,0.00025168233,0.0002418571,0.0019454022,0.00036330588,0.0011134989,0.00012970943,0.002082028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00067036715,0.00022357683,0.00009660597,0.0004350742,0.0040286365,0.00044022594,0.00009221121,0.0003991115,0.0003611525],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018363471,0.0015423183,0.1949667,0.000050052895,0.000090049805,0.0000030469282,0.09105371,0.008619875,0.0049478477,0.49538362,0.1612144,0.041944742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012003694,0.00016001235,0.019461764,0.00009018107,0.000015219048,0.00001585981,0.0100275995,0.0006747849,0.0020845255,0.006361862,0.9604808,0.0005073151],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003796486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00045383692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.79926646,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019737917,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015287007,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99935395},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2602310945","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2017.03.005","title":"Revisiting the association between music lessons and intelligence: Training effects or music aptitude?","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":159,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Aptitude; Psychology; Music education; Association (psychology); Raven's Progressive Matrices; Intelligence quotient; Musical; Music psychology; Developmental psychology; Nonverbal communication; Cognitive psychology; Cognition; Pedagogy; Visual arts","score_opus":0.21556971315214535,"score_gpt":0.3799281649517501,"score_spread":0.16435845179960473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2602310945","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.976592,0.000030651372,0.014962864,0.0028695376,0.0012125692,0.0005523393,0.000009212986,0.00012988057,0.003640941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965322,0.00032249218,0.00012482416,0.0013580145,0.00079960475,0.000036674217,7.234098e-7,0.000020696367,0.00080479414],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975816,0.00019125034,0.0003605058,0.000741447,0.0005614631,0.0005637251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99684536,0.0017965131,0.0004574729,0.00070988946,0.00006056304,0.00013019957],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011961153,0.00023602547,0.00027157055,0.00008772906,0.00205821,0.0008249982,0.0011206574,0.00011479914,0.000085283245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008329627,0.0001630559,0.00008124781,0.00026741793,0.00048052767,0.0007583208,0.0003477942,0.00045886813,0.0001575605],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014121957,0.000015614527,0.0036197873,0.000045349476,0.00000667489,0.00004018789,0.00495618,0.000020945827,0.15113877,0.0035523982,0.00007576195,0.83651423],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00037478053,0.0005594866,0.35333067,0.001456317,0.00027687813,0.0002190222,0.004052129,0.005531295,0.59773386,0.019902304,0.014763694,0.0017995862],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000669289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000053399825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8347146,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000096738855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008396141,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999241},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2768548437","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2017.11.005","title":"Differential environmental influences on the development of cognitive abilities during childhood","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Medical Research Council","keywords":"Psychology; Cognition; Developmental psychology; Twin study; Cognitive development; Child development; Longitudinal study; Heritability; Evolutionary biology; Biology","score_opus":0.044490082673782995,"score_gpt":0.31004681255742356,"score_spread":0.26555672988364054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2768548437","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9863758,0.00004147769,0.00020662473,0.00005723257,0.00023141503,0.0002171638,0.000025617855,0.000016014312,0.012828621],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99946666,0.000004293502,0.0000374363,0.000030293111,0.00006801848,0.00006016071,0.0000023386733,0.000009763134,0.0003210666],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989883,0.000055861765,0.00029467815,0.00025821035,0.00018130445,0.00022170335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99847686,0.000934738,0.0001967491,0.00033130505,0.000026379821,0.000033953598],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012887685,0.00013622486,0.00013217551,0.000030860323,0.00060887943,0.000046536068,0.00038456116,0.00004029929,0.0035395827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005563503,0.000096257354,0.000060588995,0.000017834242,0.0006029409,0.000065746935,0.00017341052,0.0001555919,0.00019022686],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002486722,0.0010753558,0.48485985,0.000046361434,0.00036177674,0.000014298199,0.14567167,0.0000041462886,0.002734713,0.008657436,0.000008086471,0.35631764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009105106,0.00007593249,0.9140289,0.0001721915,0.000010741952,0.0000035678943,0.020634467,0.000003156582,0.06357704,0.0012670695,0.00001529503,0.00012058574],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057190184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024467692,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42916903,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000024303596,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002188053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9973713},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2904407846","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2018.12.001","title":"Growing minds have a maturing mental attention: A review of Demetriou and Spanoudis (2018)","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Theory of mind; Human intelligence; Developmental psychology; Cognition; Cognitive science; Neuroscience","score_opus":0.1395338252042481,"score_gpt":0.41470290194720516,"score_spread":0.2751690767429571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2904407846","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.000029639617,0.9902554,0.00028956853,0.000030619678,0.0008072216,0.00076506374,0.00006831119,0.00002813517,0.007726014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009532421,0.9977829,0.00041028406,0.00011000613,0.000250586,0.00010461892,0.000035888304,0.00004279877,0.00116762],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99756986,0.00021295805,0.0010268425,0.0006256318,0.00021541392,0.00034927123],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99808246,0.00066391705,0.00057025725,0.00044826875,0.00014727458,0.000087810506],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071593944,0.0003713015,0.0012765198,0.0001967653,0.00008631923,0.000025969632,0.0003140266,0.00018594334,0.001904429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00056432746,0.0003219476,0.0004500525,0.00035608042,0.00026497553,0.00009022942,0.00026284036,0.00031301947,0.000230668],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024989477,0.000030950127,0.000055348984,0.06263986,0.00016056158,0.000015475805,0.00017853969,7.411167e-10,1.2753078e-7,0.0002564736,0.0005679472,0.9360922],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003092462,0.00010436354,0.000023190338,0.228194,0.0005385416,0.0003056494,0.00032063844,9.158765e-7,0.0000040589193,0.000105328094,0.7700854,0.00028701272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011530348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000080230675,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9358052,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006867276,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000056311274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999232},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011992002","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2020.101438","title":"Differences and secular trends in childhood IQ trajectories in Guatemala City","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hospital for Sick Children; SickKids Foundation","funders":"Medical Research Council; Loughborough University; University of Leicester; Universidad del Valle de Guatemala; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust; National Institute for Health and Care Research; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust/Institute of Cancer Research","keywords":"Secular variation; Psychology; Intelligence quotient; Developmental psychology; Demography; Cognition; Sociology; Psychiatry","score_opus":0.07191422279439522,"score_gpt":0.32329812565701915,"score_spread":0.2513839028626239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011992002","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99083114,0.00065686734,0.0003433165,0.00058098754,0.00009939163,0.000083584426,0.000008376284,0.000031507552,0.0073648593],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995372,0.0000229561,0.00006225415,0.00021901497,0.00005568799,0.000020667045,0.0000020082591,0.0000074465875,0.00007271908],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901754,0.00008699283,0.00024850157,0.00033906108,0.00008197179,0.00022593806],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995061,0.00027826158,0.000037582387,0.00009637926,0.000020608468,0.000061031475],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012722741,0.00011976848,0.00019158133,0.0000898008,0.000025849304,0.000023835864,0.000120798555,0.00005781553,0.0011259994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024919826,0.00011141362,0.000029769652,0.00042605962,0.00010456197,0.000057963363,0.00005296197,0.00021354033,0.000017748938],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000024398476,0.000066117376,0.8205422,0.000013397519,0.000009928942,0.00005930109,0.031556807,0.0000022461184,0.000034525314,0.0023485366,0.000014177112,0.14532834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00012743018,0.00014942772,0.98959094,0.000046130408,0.00000406399,0.000009489408,0.006624997,0.00016775797,0.0003835666,0.0026689658,0.00007937097,0.0001478486],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009252488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00064156123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16904874,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000127363,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000101718515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997871},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139861652","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2021.101541","title":"No evidence for an effect of a working memory training program on white matter microstructure","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","field":"Medicine","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto; Alberta Health Services","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Innovates; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Psychological Association","keywords":"Working memory; Fractional anisotropy; Diffusion MRI; Psychology; White matter; Working memory training; Neuroimaging; Cognition; Cognitive psychology; Neuroscience; Medicine; Magnetic resonance imaging","score_opus":0.22426969416796966,"score_gpt":0.44995420595229985,"score_spread":0.2256845117843302,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3139861652","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7685462,0.00087720226,0.2179559,0.0021677902,0.00034273078,0.00441261,0.000024364977,0.0006235311,0.0050496287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9099421,0.000037767404,0.08849852,0.0007045324,0.00009801998,0.00024414001,0.000010904497,0.00002400133,0.00044002326],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99921393,0.000026125885,0.00018617405,0.000306927,0.000102111466,0.0001647011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991062,0.0002568001,0.00007259127,0.0003891486,0.00011854555,0.000056668207],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011829816,0.00011282747,0.00019882616,0.000035634745,0.00004467656,0.000015704882,0.0001128772,0.00004519633,0.00005311413],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019234243,0.00009427357,0.00008253752,0.0001671889,0.000066616296,0.000049819446,0.000026356098,0.00016063241,0.000011910731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007088814,0.00019296774,0.014750866,0.0007634172,0.000024811292,0.00003095467,0.0007166728,0.000139437,0.23604794,0.0003019799,0.0008770851,0.745445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017184901,0.0022155812,0.002925418,0.0023224873,0.00007172896,0.00017711078,0.0000751727,0.0014245516,0.98183423,0.00094892207,0.0076418845,0.00019109054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000015996131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000010033793,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74578625,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000019072533,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003443214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3844365},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W421073891","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2015.05.001","title":"Beyond a bigger brain: Multivariable structural brain imaging and intelligence","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":118,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital","funders":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Medical Research Council; University of Glasgow; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Psychology; Neuroimaging; Multivariable calculus; Cognitive science; Neuroscience; Cognitive psychology","score_opus":0.060389861173834054,"score_gpt":0.31172920288755507,"score_spread":0.251339341713721,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W421073891","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59092575,0.0028178967,0.22092623,0.13971503,0.006990727,0.0018682022,0.000120284654,0.0012536378,0.035382267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98285437,0.0000239058,0.0020887642,0.013479753,0.000197272,0.00003123103,0.0000014233268,0.000033238022,0.0012900743],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974119,0.00019503082,0.0003655264,0.000966258,0.0005197377,0.00054151134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914466,0.0075713918,0.00012259278,0.00041766505,0.0001797833,0.0002619762],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006261789,0.00031870414,0.00027556042,0.0001802427,0.00030981164,0.00018391394,0.0004479035,0.000065369655,0.00010211695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.029759245,0.00029185347,0.0000618409,0.00060421554,0.00063600444,0.00065004494,0.00046825223,0.00033865563,0.00022248026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005631695,0.00024185657,0.025242738,0.00015870399,0.00007957014,0.00046025027,0.016106749,0.005826382,0.20559397,0.23239607,0.07653075,0.4367998],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034918604,0.0003243118,0.0013165375,0.00011296535,0.000021152679,0.00078241935,0.0033249834,0.100003764,0.58326036,0.27833664,0.030880002,0.0012876883],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002149252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000377826,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4355121,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012064368,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010965229,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999534},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413153828","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101949","title":"Measuring general cognitive ability in early elementary students: A shortened version of the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lingnan University; Canada Foundation for Innovation; U.S. Commission of Fine Arts","keywords":"Raven's Progressive Matrices; Psychology; Cognition; Developmental psychology; Cognitive psychology","score_opus":0.035291642274797856,"score_gpt":0.3548952231080262,"score_spread":0.3196035808332283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413153828","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99386275,0.00061509525,0.0011121912,0.00008519413,0.0003561689,0.00072707975,0.00005913739,0.000019921517,0.003162462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99949,0.000012482236,0.0001555213,0.000103872175,0.000026456353,0.00007971472,0.0000028684492,0.000007150288,0.00012191269],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983984,0.0002548248,0.00041482525,0.00034793167,0.0003251318,0.00025884854],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873316,0.00056487316,0.00013577228,0.00023335752,0.00030549252,0.000027366214],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00057136366,0.0001326269,0.0002039504,0.000104724306,0.00008691652,0.000025679736,0.00037764097,0.000054695603,0.00036705247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00038801992,0.00010483513,0.00009138616,0.000487726,0.00021987768,0.000074022326,0.00027354763,0.0002140558,0.0000101705855],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00041687037,0.0002074327,0.91931105,0.00004866805,0.000088826266,0.000015288953,0.0033022407,0.000016212158,0.00010580284,0.00039678722,0.000019776073,0.076071076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00042997705,0.00024198958,0.9699782,0.00083502685,0.00006646445,0.0000023624993,0.012234373,0.000049160477,0.012809754,0.0031327866,0.00006740384,0.0001525173],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011409459,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017830456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07591856,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000118213924,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006610952,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.42750525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415504615","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101966","title":"Family-level intelligence and maternal health: A cross-cohort, cross-generational longitudinal study using the NLSY","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Aging","funders":"National Institute on Aging; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Reading (process); Longitudinal study; Association (psychology); Intelligence quotient; Reading comprehension; Comprehension; Mental health; Cognition; Educational attainment; Correlation","score_opus":0.23840111128091396,"score_gpt":0.4703418467220417,"score_spread":0.23194073544112775,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415504615","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8539342,0.0013488523,0.14098868,0.00017512136,0.0010383013,0.00065136276,0.00004604303,0.000050452294,0.0017669399],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963087,0.000029427652,0.0008626777,0.00070258055,0.0001946589,0.00009249276,0.00000383778,0.000018541594,0.0017871065],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975471,0.00020502412,0.0007239844,0.0007217901,0.0002934233,0.0005086708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99817944,0.0007493197,0.00017404737,0.00044585255,0.0003622719,0.00008908074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011031417,0.00026175234,0.00027319722,0.00012060132,0.0007838795,0.00043679797,0.0004268966,0.000075698044,0.0005553374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029564672,0.00020974285,0.00007519948,0.00039678076,0.00062187825,0.00015845684,0.00029546162,0.00036495426,0.000054608092],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006675728,0.00017468406,0.9399116,0.000024468183,0.0001043071,0.000024434401,0.0022889955,0.00041564906,0.000043145457,0.010827462,0.000045723446,0.046072744],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010600438,0.00017679772,0.9870675,0.000082309954,0.000025001907,0.00007552821,0.003911711,0.0021085648,0.0005258676,0.0055460287,0.00016842871,0.0002062371],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0064015626,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042469578,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.14237443,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000113334405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017679503,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9677291},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416342851","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101967","title":"Racial hereditarian research remains unjustified and harmful: A reply to Woodley et al. (2025a, b)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Intelligence","topic":"Race, Genetics, and Society","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Division of Integrative Organismal Systems; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Harm; Racism; Racial differences; White (mutation); Racial formation theory; Racial bias","score_opus":0.03780101178051492,"score_gpt":0.3845702873814034,"score_spread":0.3467692756008885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416342851","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8783949,0.0038375051,0.048770428,0.046462484,0.0014807974,0.0010186825,0.000056160246,0.000057261776,0.019921763],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9615336,0.0019215663,0.0030882668,0.022372825,0.00025403738,0.000052949512,0.000027783779,0.000022753899,0.010726182],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983176,0.00016647414,0.0002544739,0.00066941814,0.00019870067,0.00039332482],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988199,0.00007316355,0.000031804677,0.00060461764,0.00031863834,0.00015190024],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011559738,0.00015125198,0.00015023722,0.000081307706,0.00023250909,0.000085514366,0.0003418071,0.00014675246,0.000026726926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010021571,0.00015645662,0.000068259695,0.0002973171,0.00020670173,0.0000042044326,0.00038199982,0.0002770054,0.00004009465],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003821199,0.00017627762,0.0018198376,0.00007535438,0.0001494353,0.000024212104,0.0032793263,0.00019338107,0.28447628,0.007664705,0.6682747,0.033484366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014043441,0.00038491763,0.0011695332,0.00006287527,0.000011778705,0.0000056766667,0.0018221801,0.0001459941,0.20098883,0.0021922674,0.7928326,0.00024287349],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015563327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00054108415,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12455795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000028994842,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00025407065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6380116},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}