{"meta":{"query_hash":"3abf362c72c4","filters":{"venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow"},"cohort_total":91,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":91,"exported":91,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/3abf362c72c4","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=International+Journal+of+Multiphase+Flow"},"results":[{"id":"W1972506873","doi":"10.1016/s0301-9322(01)00006-4","title":"The study of free rise of buoyant spheres in gas reveals the universal behaviour of free rising rigid spheres in fluid in general","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Separator (oil production); Refrigerant; Gas compressor; Materials science; Inlet; Mechanics; SPHERES; Thermodynamics; Sublimation (psychology); Volumetric flow rate; Mechanical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.011448568702226129,"score_gpt":0.2524482045790745,"score_spread":0.2409996358768484,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1972506873","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975702,0.0006890093,0.00090496865,0.00012242926,0.0003667541,0.0001878372,0.00005979966,0.0000038414537,0.0000951226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99792856,0.00043400662,0.0015148458,0.000005766243,0.000083034865,0.0000023236248,0.0000015766758,0.000018393623,0.000011469323],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99809027,0.000108692904,0.0010140281,0.00009429654,0.0005238744,0.0001688233],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99915284,0.00019599433,0.00013603616,0.00023828857,0.00023854585,0.00003827732],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042675142,0.00013896314,0.00032241424,0.00025438596,0.000017560193,0.000018424986,0.0008470263,0.000059515605,0.00006354249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011196323,0.00009832317,0.000113144284,0.00019856538,0.000067277004,0.00015162709,0.000061052975,0.00031317965,3.084564e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007620993,0.0009096889,0.3733516,0.000015221325,0.0001674186,0.00034149628,0.0017651103,0.58011836,0.038830467,0.00017868861,0.0002803918,0.0032794585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02164927,0.0007889015,0.29757258,0.0010263539,0.000086915854,0.00010179339,0.0108922105,0.65701216,0.009140222,0.0012446173,0.00014534747,0.0003395877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0035291673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.044000648,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07689383,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014552445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004963419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.97344387},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983957751","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2004.05.011","title":"Drag reduction in horizontal annular two-phase flow","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Rheology and Fluid Dynamics Studies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Drag; Mechanics; Two-phase flow; Flow visualization; Materials science; Reduction (mathematics); Flow (mathematics); Parasitic drag; Drag coefficient; Phase (matter); Entrainment (biomusicology); Optics; Physics; Geometry; Acoustics","score_opus":0.008899833090323413,"score_gpt":0.2894886307516029,"score_spread":0.2805887976612795,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983957751","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6766743,0.00040131208,0.31909186,0.0009139511,0.0025375867,0.00006452494,0.000030161518,0.000024662666,0.00026163037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95995706,0.00009655247,0.038902976,0.000046187575,0.0008521055,0.000003648154,0.0000194361,0.000016658105,0.00010538993],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987417,0.000022111055,0.00054936897,0.00014441683,0.00035481065,0.00018758586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99930185,0.000049768554,0.00016047595,0.00008968409,0.00031568971,0.00008251055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024633558,0.00014940201,0.00023334098,0.00030400013,0.00003648143,0.00002069516,0.00029813187,0.000087234825,0.00006194321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00026559609,0.00014096466,0.00015138644,0.00010549405,0.00006763935,0.00033310894,0.00004934306,0.00041688269,0.000021136342],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009937506,0.0010160935,0.0005101035,0.000007202092,0.0003612043,0.001288357,0.0011427364,0.69210786,0.28173357,0.0024939675,0.0001333861,0.018211754],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.021048103,0.00029447107,0.0003012766,0.00021778276,0.00003465238,0.001442168,0.00021234014,0.9504047,0.024143495,0.0012380297,0.0003889056,0.00027405086],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043597713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000025142148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28328273,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000343721,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005915484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5748372},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985533211","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.12.005","title":"Pressure recovery of two-phase flow across sudden expansions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Shear stress; Materials science; Physics","score_opus":0.008013244804994822,"score_gpt":0.28262883621046403,"score_spread":0.2746155914054692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985533211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8321308,0.0010705654,0.16253124,0.00008612643,0.0030647123,0.000078133206,0.00052120694,0.00003774048,0.0004794835],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97042483,0.0001007269,0.028392103,0.000024123934,0.0007784252,0.0000021610103,0.000038624305,0.00003105387,0.00020795414],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986067,0.000019876603,0.0006432319,0.00009683481,0.00044500796,0.00018838308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990568,0.00010855912,0.00017421394,0.00012831941,0.00045683447,0.00007526122],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024319359,0.00014571234,0.00023679536,0.0001765024,0.000032628355,0.000053607684,0.00036027454,0.00006628695,0.00010734838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007477226,0.0001379782,0.00021859528,0.000079709745,0.00003394304,0.00032540006,0.000041214043,0.00021471275,0.00000680847],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012190953,0.0002401068,0.00023333909,0.000016102238,0.00026665028,0.0001533851,0.00019734555,0.8770405,0.09561033,0.00007494683,0.0026297315,0.023415629],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0046458365,0.00008347875,0.00032210667,0.00017214731,0.000041024752,0.00016806163,0.00004521561,0.978595,0.010718016,0.00029886817,0.004749898,0.00016035608],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007644861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007291082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.13829403,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000639993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003885343,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5626588},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1987704370","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.01.008","title":"Fuel injection model for Euler–Euler and Euler–Lagrange large-eddy simulations of an evaporating spray inside an aeronautical combustor","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Combustor; Large eddy simulation; Eulerian path; Materials science; Euler's formula; Drag; Flow (mathematics); Lagrangian particle tracking; Two-phase flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Physics; Turbulence; Combustion; Applied mathematics; Lagrangian; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Chemistry","score_opus":0.049409155589646696,"score_gpt":0.30540471031746813,"score_spread":0.25599555472782143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1987704370","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7225126,0.00006812495,0.2760765,0.00002041508,0.0009012104,0.00012067894,0.00021257972,0.000036528494,0.000051343075],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.88074434,0.000012647235,0.11884434,0.00002819509,0.0002737362,0.000006009281,0.00004460841,0.000040290135,0.0000058488977],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842155,0.00005317552,0.0007324912,0.00016642726,0.00040613336,0.00022024555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984587,0.00026192414,0.0002101649,0.00017040312,0.00070534804,0.00019349912],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048794714,0.00018600236,0.00026170112,0.00029724682,0.00005846791,0.000043367352,0.00029219026,0.00011908234,0.000041537594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004344909,0.00018922095,0.00010213278,0.00008622471,0.0000608894,0.0010120837,0.000038397615,0.00026010312,0.000001769018],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032408335,0.0006082787,0.0013718043,0.000033278575,0.00021845257,0.000020988948,0.0030200726,0.9580782,0.030232063,0.0009957302,0.000039746155,0.0050573125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002876632,0.0002530003,0.0017979484,0.000056359706,0.000061099934,0.00007666318,0.00011957694,0.9918819,0.0017793422,0.0008596449,0.0000562842,0.00018154537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000115622215,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001909481,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1582317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013108041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004923477,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.77162063},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003427662","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2009.09.001","title":"Two-phase flow and pool boiling heat transfer in microgravity","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China; University of Ontario Institute of Technology","keywords":"Mechanics; Boiling; Materials science; Heat transfer; Slug flow; Bubble; Heat flux; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Nucleate boiling; Critical heat flux; Thermodynamics; Meteorology; Physics","score_opus":0.012292978110739192,"score_gpt":0.2917485204357524,"score_spread":0.2794555423250132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003427662","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9571866,0.0014951865,0.039779942,0.00056318904,0.00068518234,0.00007400649,0.00004441592,0.000034785597,0.0001366926],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924581,0.00060647185,0.006431836,0.00015112793,0.00032754356,0.0000012568348,0.0000057557427,0.000013240222,0.0000046401815],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891603,0.000024359875,0.00047982318,0.00010942114,0.0002783899,0.0001919644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99961185,0.00007134981,0.000006860105,0.000059457238,0.0001497239,0.000100765435],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025926472,0.00016166466,0.0002554915,0.00026470394,0.000029824003,0.000052346604,0.00016593444,0.000051930343,0.000019741197],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032999116,0.00014698863,0.00011592744,0.000082317376,0.000030391182,0.00022682626,0.00000572485,0.00030006745,0.0000024356489],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00079032057,0.0009661231,0.0017678478,0.00004192193,0.00044434596,0.0013941679,0.0032142275,0.23175947,0.36563072,0.00004806555,0.0003330128,0.3936098],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.033906687,0.00073670875,0.006343025,0.00080988393,0.000115336836,0.001306441,0.0003014268,0.80234814,0.14993322,0.0003790228,0.0030677752,0.00075234054],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016883027,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000552957,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57058865,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000080131365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021349428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59940225},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2005992095","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2014.05.002","title":"Numerical simulation of flocculation and transport of suspended particles: Application to metered-dose inhalers","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Coagulation and Flocculation Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Discretization; Orthogonal collocation; Brownian motion; Smoluchowski coagulation equation; Breakup; Collocation method; Physics; Distribution function; Differential equation; Classical mechanics; Materials science; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Ordinary differential equation","score_opus":0.016289789800879598,"score_gpt":0.2981465413609453,"score_spread":0.28185675156006573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2005992095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.64202076,0.000008615789,0.3574037,0.00022138022,0.000093765404,0.00010132948,0.000005902513,0.0000047423996,0.00013981847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868155,0.000004586587,0.0130209,0.00006960827,0.00006289916,0.0000026431037,0.0000071793997,0.00000650807,0.000010180782],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985579,0.00005076292,0.000628628,0.00012581098,0.00056082895,0.000076067176],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990561,0.00015671042,0.00041412096,0.000094622395,0.00019299677,0.000085429376],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003710762,0.00008810822,0.00019595584,0.00012496283,0.00002807611,0.000007427699,0.00013490133,0.000035878413,0.00018163264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019170145,0.000080129554,0.00008146205,0.00015150844,0.00007051344,0.00022772286,0.00003124722,0.00005306536,0.000008173388],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002762995,0.00012303612,0.07210237,0.0000047788612,0.000046253153,0.0000010266697,0.0008096824,0.82700276,0.026951954,0.000064600266,0.000023962679,0.07259327],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012745376,0.00009736358,0.25986078,0.000021905009,0.000025887386,0.000006369865,0.00005613871,0.7310124,0.006253085,0.000265322,0.0010480706,0.00007812241],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004656669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000018472123,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34479475,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000056212753,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008496068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32675883},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008868572","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2007.04.002","title":"Modeling the evolution of droplet size distribution in two-phase flows","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Mechanics; Phase (matter); Two-phase flow; Distribution (mathematics); Statistical physics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.011082096072596217,"score_gpt":0.3026121059438943,"score_spread":0.2915300098712981,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008868572","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5972306,0.00016166993,0.40147197,0.000055076795,0.0009104141,0.000053909884,0.000050594226,0.000012420684,0.000053342512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99328035,0.000032089123,0.0063038114,0.000012432602,0.00033623012,0.000001841863,0.000013364213,0.0000162414,0.0000036488073],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983134,0.000035365665,0.0008381086,0.000083328814,0.00052986067,0.0001998888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99901307,0.00026045373,0.00011985352,0.00013440794,0.0004048324,0.00006740656],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011597198,0.00011993532,0.00017439996,0.00013174569,0.000023438679,0.000022254422,0.00041390175,0.00004782719,0.000023712215],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049766124,0.00010044536,0.00012447641,0.00018671087,0.000035541878,0.00026336554,0.000032043827,0.0003098379,0.0000045490474],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024170996,0.00017971238,0.00065930316,0.0000051392,0.0000741485,0.00007622933,0.00023606337,0.92776173,0.06136304,0.00035415185,0.000035517103,0.009013274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0036151584,0.000036356374,0.0005572715,0.000078964236,0.00001577312,0.00009017371,0.00013871171,0.99186206,0.0030489038,0.00037668264,0.00008847167,0.00009145948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007441812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024561622,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39604974,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007781545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004807303,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40960428},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2010253319","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.07.011","title":"Fragmentation of falling liquid droplets in bag breakup mode","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Breakup; Volume of fluid method; Mechanics; Weber number; Surface tension; Materials science; Drop (telecommunication); Fragmentation (computing); Bubble; Physics; Reynolds number; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Computer science","score_opus":0.0092738301274815,"score_gpt":0.26705932398891297,"score_spread":0.25778549386143146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2010253319","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9089963,0.00032499485,0.089269556,0.00007058367,0.0011135461,0.00004058652,0.000028247847,0.000008739492,0.00014745884],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98710275,0.00023051054,0.012318513,0.000030023943,0.0002835815,0.0000015466943,0.000011056639,0.000016097987,0.000005930405],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99904466,0.000013960745,0.00045805733,0.00004294111,0.00031126238,0.00012909363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996364,0.00005025157,0.00004492866,0.00004828246,0.0001534866,0.00006666548],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019254492,0.00008404256,0.000142237,0.0002585541,0.000007737748,0.000011510567,0.00015745267,0.000048772315,0.00007167694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019245117,0.00008203648,0.00008361395,0.000054763117,0.000012265441,0.00033247366,0.000008438996,0.00015313092,0.000004656766],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001977399,0.00020801595,0.0031123206,0.00002143387,0.0001182543,0.000025688287,0.0012673055,0.83310187,0.15605663,0.00024453786,0.00008279163,0.0055634035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002184852,0.00007747718,0.003789617,0.00018323076,0.000016180038,0.000061842504,0.00006016263,0.9684425,0.024659896,0.000049900642,0.0003516259,0.00012272797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031965148,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003050691,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1353406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011345245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000016526234,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33453506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2011412905","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2010.09.009","title":"Flexible fiber motion in the flow field of a cylinder","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Composite Material Mechanics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Materials science; Spinning; Cylinder; Dimensionless quantity; Fiber; Drag; Composite material; Physics; Geometry; Mathematics","score_opus":0.00888028819101979,"score_gpt":0.26589204864114246,"score_spread":0.2570117604501227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2011412905","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9482818,0.00004496428,0.045206767,0.00057699624,0.0046742894,0.00009375173,0.000021008178,0.000019553927,0.0010808683],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98501825,0.000010277315,0.014395989,0.000073488474,0.00046841588,0.000001936154,0.0000035435912,0.000010749186,0.000017360127],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916387,0.000021833896,0.00035867744,0.000049265,0.0003225457,0.00008383851],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994687,0.00013161679,0.000087937246,0.00010451525,0.0001799186,0.000027336051],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029021993,0.00007831491,0.00011444979,0.00017612701,0.000009338105,0.000035058485,0.0003864925,0.00006251491,0.0003988464],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000117410804,0.00006008003,0.00007832572,0.00006757772,0.000009320156,0.00014465848,0.000022044193,0.00029648334,0.000012020967],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00034415777,0.00034254693,0.0003143616,0.000032587282,0.00016744027,0.0001671809,0.0014871188,0.25454426,0.5743253,0.00044174882,0.0015249453,0.16630828],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002644751,0.0001393095,0.0010357013,0.00013895243,0.000023610559,0.0003973089,0.00006555438,0.65213907,0.3344987,0.0013473544,0.007397737,0.00017191631],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011908334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000026716107,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3975948,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027603488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000014616076,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43670884},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015239376","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.06.008","title":"The onset of gas entrainment from a flowing stratified gas–liquid regime in dual discharging branches","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Entrainment (biomusicology); Stratified flows; Mechanics; Dual (grammatical number); Stratified flow; Environmental science; Materials science; Physics; Turbulence; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0265249119411287,"score_gpt":0.2719144962660225,"score_spread":0.24538958432489377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015239376","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.911131,0.00038327894,0.08697608,0.00011671842,0.0011084063,0.00006078776,0.00003162691,0.000019093755,0.00017301098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9635756,0.00014455445,0.036005784,0.000010314876,0.00022767564,0.0000031510845,0.000007164863,0.000018921593,0.000006816706],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858415,0.00007444865,0.00065854145,0.00008670972,0.00043511228,0.00016102643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991587,0.00040435026,0.0001016331,0.00013443745,0.00012814242,0.000072767754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062284735,0.00013139004,0.00020064249,0.0001722735,0.000025468114,0.000036834317,0.0002829411,0.000051385417,0.000074740055],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024857733,0.00010213965,0.0001308499,0.00007636902,0.00003097632,0.00021944105,0.000024452844,0.00025765377,0.000002214371],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006242542,0.00011313175,0.0008667899,0.000013475724,0.000395335,0.0002533384,0.0055827578,0.9359558,0.04368038,0.00008757178,0.00010859663,0.012318558],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027757133,0.000092434624,0.0018192908,0.00033231766,0.000021581838,0.000060864557,0.00044914146,0.89578104,0.09711306,0.00045214794,0.0009235079,0.00017891478],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037882997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000019936588,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053432677,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000087974535,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000030023271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.41651344},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2015526542","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2003.10.006","title":"Modeling a turbulent fibre suspension flowing in a planar contraction: The one-dimensional headbox","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Dimensionless quantity; Mechanics; Péclet number; Turbulence; Materials science; Reynolds number; Duct (anatomy); Optics; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.02928969697082169,"score_gpt":0.2796428048209944,"score_spread":0.25035310785017273,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2015526542","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96570045,0.0011977245,0.029238943,0.0015056412,0.0018976221,0.00015018616,0.000008110166,0.000040051233,0.00026127644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9927556,0.00007079161,0.0065639075,0.00023297744,0.00033201583,0.000003530183,0.0000044637823,0.00002225049,0.000014472767],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99830985,0.000069765985,0.0006444325,0.00011300113,0.0006824284,0.00018054969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99903584,0.00029530798,0.000052822306,0.00010698523,0.0004430912,0.00006595055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00051050785,0.00015593637,0.00022786143,0.00022831855,0.000068511596,0.0000600194,0.00019994978,0.000062035084,0.000068054775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024388022,0.00012028079,0.000133321,0.00010457801,0.00002202321,0.00038408712,0.000015820595,0.00037179864,0.000017313096],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011426232,0.00008038027,0.00021901762,0.000004876553,0.00020432874,0.00018548631,0.00049033144,0.9929353,0.0044916156,0.00010230865,0.00033737457,0.0008347218],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025611129,0.00002665036,0.00032972274,0.00021106146,0.000025377321,0.00037208863,0.00021435691,0.99174654,0.001851767,0.00022047001,0.0023016562,0.0001391697],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014423431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000041677133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027055144,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024188681,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049504986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49049082},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016841824","doi":"10.1016/s0301-9322(99)00118-4","title":"An improved void fraction model for two-phase cross-flow in horizontal tube bundles","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":94,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Porosity; Diabatic; Bundle; Two-phase flow; Local Void; Materials science; Adiabatic process; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.017235911748648393,"score_gpt":0.33516655218406666,"score_spread":0.31793064043541824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016841824","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7259757,0.00014658063,0.2727536,0.000069078065,0.00066059106,0.00010734047,0.00017881686,0.000039599574,0.000068713816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97447854,0.00013095005,0.024502201,0.00004805998,0.00072903483,0.000014225013,0.000034256558,0.00003144557,0.00003126059],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99879026,0.000017313196,0.0005657862,0.00013636365,0.00027794173,0.0002123454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994096,0.00008407536,0.0000339677,0.000087016655,0.00028335227,0.00010198859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002780357,0.00017270619,0.00023773903,0.0002016888,0.000052590596,0.0000950591,0.00025378613,0.00007268662,0.000076595396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000042651478,0.00016274262,0.00016704759,0.000054827557,0.00003228767,0.00067774934,0.0000048412066,0.00025453445,0.000005286197],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008385558,0.00044776875,0.00022368052,0.000012394053,0.00013567416,0.00003803877,0.000533284,0.78228086,0.03909519,0.0000042411234,0.00006827255,0.17632203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008331888,0.00026968203,0.00019946792,0.000057506822,0.000018965284,0.000054014636,0.000041313473,0.9812661,0.009025249,0.00014423708,0.0004259599,0.00016563607],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000043671436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020063705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24850287,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019650391,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047130223,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66364515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021942575","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2009.03.001","title":"A two-fluid model of gas-assisted atomization including flow through the nozzle, phase inversion, and spray dispersion","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Two-phase flow; Materials science; Compressibility; Flow (mathematics); Control volume; Two-fluid model; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.0224541924909759,"score_gpt":0.2832802198317357,"score_spread":0.26082602734075977,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021942575","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59728914,0.0003743264,0.40077025,0.0008200837,0.0004034875,0.00008747053,0.000056125675,0.000018692666,0.00018044445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96977687,0.00064624415,0.029164948,0.00019703685,0.00016585866,9.207278e-7,0.000020996644,0.000016504688,0.000010596947],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880135,0.000026465428,0.0005067108,0.000100461664,0.0004356963,0.00012931546],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992824,0.000072288705,0.00008208246,0.00010468575,0.00038630233,0.00007221854],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020847513,0.00014805933,0.0002075808,0.0001625844,0.000069200854,0.000047437436,0.00026600424,0.000060680148,0.000024212022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050055725,0.00011132519,0.00012674979,0.000102979575,0.000041632866,0.0004431151,0.000023890057,0.00020119053,0.0000014476659],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00032839086,0.0001946943,0.00006206757,0.000012357087,0.00012477665,0.00002136239,0.0012000309,0.7874265,0.19038476,0.00047966815,0.0005754384,0.019190004],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0050328327,0.000103602215,0.000061959625,0.00015246347,0.000046512636,0.000060993752,0.00007212023,0.9859667,0.0077783167,0.00038862939,0.00022585283,0.00011005976],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000076062624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014075202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37248775,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010949071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034689205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45397097},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025964810","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.02.001","title":"An experimental investigation of the motion of single bubbles under a slightly inclined surface","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Chicoutimi","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Froude number; Bubble; Drag; Mechanics; Terminal velocity; Volume (thermodynamics); Surface (topology); Physics; Inclination angle; Materials science; Range (aeronautics); Geometry; Thermodynamics; Flow (mathematics); Mathematics","score_opus":0.01057647778005024,"score_gpt":0.23733649544852567,"score_spread":0.22676001766847542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025964810","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9548823,0.00017368753,0.043989465,0.00006587018,0.00074748194,0.000042846463,0.000021486452,0.000009511629,0.00006733434],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870541,0.0000051192023,0.012740785,0.000014294684,0.00015047076,3.7680053e-7,0.000011458364,0.00001251877,0.000010887792],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990981,0.00002713402,0.00043521103,0.000051179817,0.00032588353,0.000062454565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99938935,0.00003630362,0.00019782895,0.00007754938,0.0002701723,0.000028789958],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001431586,0.00007619056,0.00011251011,0.00008780513,0.000016810638,0.000017435063,0.00022066764,0.00004005616,0.000013575502],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016658529,0.00006049481,0.00008567797,0.000064541324,0.000041634525,0.00022672895,0.000018045821,0.00007446195,4.2286626e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016516884,0.000078572324,0.0009826153,0.000003655188,0.000024063665,0.0000014630307,0.00012881414,0.43337926,0.5649606,0.0001609218,0.000033635184,0.00022988618],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007000857,0.000047199297,0.0029429083,0.00006865405,0.000008069872,0.000015094931,0.00006401309,0.45713824,0.5387241,0.00022575316,0.00002016958,0.00004566748],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000059602844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000028093764,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03217177,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010774614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023791248,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24669068},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2026913133","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.07.002","title":"Computational investigation of vertical slurry jets in water","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Slurry; Drag; Turbulence; Mechanics; Nozzle; Drag coefficient; Entrainment (biomusicology); Jet (fluid); Particle (ecology); Air entrainment; Materials science; Phase (matter); Physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.015845912359397828,"score_gpt":0.2657256115029288,"score_spread":0.24987969914353095,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2026913133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9790925,0.00010218052,0.019141866,0.0002093007,0.0012832591,0.000040304614,0.00000926317,0.0000133267085,0.000108028216],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9833195,0.000011171275,0.016249778,0.000047114627,0.0003386631,0.0000017323689,0.000015047539,0.000013918264,0.0000030573503],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874383,0.000035416568,0.00055523525,0.000048434824,0.00044521687,0.00017187835],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994357,0.00011592215,0.000040688035,0.000058594887,0.0002426344,0.000106419364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038560852,0.0000878201,0.00014300922,0.00032465532,0.000009474254,0.000013006667,0.00020530708,0.000053628533,0.000052058298],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014387473,0.000075403346,0.00006762907,0.00007901684,0.0000515067,0.0004252387,0.000027612496,0.00017740851,0.000019867824],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007515697,0.00011629794,0.047005173,0.000011526007,0.00010050578,0.00002751681,0.0012928945,0.8770193,0.07119418,0.0004971067,0.00011489185,0.0025454764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013822959,0.000022410626,0.025691161,0.000060772898,0.000008408229,0.00008124125,0.000022805383,0.9384967,0.033162847,0.0008236825,0.00016000109,0.000087650726],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000042598017,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000024017231,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06147745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019616797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032574666,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3074859},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027606792","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2010.08.006","title":"Experimental study of inverted annular film boiling in a vertical tube cooled by R-134a","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Atomic Energy (Canada); University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Materials science; Subcooling; Mass flux; Nucleate boiling; Vapor quality; Boiling; Heat flux; Thermodynamics; Inlet; Coolant; Heat transfer coefficient; Heat transfer; Tube (container); Mechanics; Critical heat flux; Composite material; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.010618989704521391,"score_gpt":0.2751173532723927,"score_spread":0.26449836356787126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027606792","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99688053,0.00022124033,0.0014518093,0.000045820652,0.0011779936,0.00009237958,0.000021470913,0.000019306699,0.00008943665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99910504,0.000016244085,0.0006891992,0.000024806128,0.00013597241,0.0000043982673,0.000004167866,0.000016478562,0.000003685233],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873775,0.000027529644,0.000573504,0.00009249478,0.00042904398,0.00013967807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952894,0.0000931858,0.00002293538,0.00007793385,0.00020127757,0.00007574577],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020459818,0.00012896878,0.00025598795,0.00019273952,0.000018248196,0.000020119964,0.00025576915,0.0000585435,0.00006248673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010945115,0.00011666393,0.00008196769,0.00008187144,0.000037031547,0.00016117361,0.00002142813,0.00038104597,0.0000027393235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003783538,0.0029593282,0.015476549,0.000014399203,0.00050113414,0.00027981054,0.005494327,0.022825275,0.94929636,0.000010317252,0.0006640511,0.0021000977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.012737026,0.0007349138,0.00582325,0.0001575874,0.000046611145,0.000091605936,0.0026931742,0.36848068,0.6084328,0.000013629923,0.0005034082,0.00028529816],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000049428778,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000096905314,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.34565538,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053217307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002321683,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4757417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033909794","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.09.001","title":"Numerical solution scheme for inert, disperse, and dilute gas-particle flows","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Innovation Trust","keywords":"Particle (ecology); Materials science; Inert gas; Scheme (mathematics); Inert; Mechanics; Physics; Mathematics; Geology; Mathematical analysis; Composite material","score_opus":0.007787897656205451,"score_gpt":0.2556825590372763,"score_spread":0.24789466138107089,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033909794","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.48397818,0.00012662896,0.51481783,0.00023735678,0.00072892744,0.00004428203,0.000021349919,0.000016049748,0.000029406776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9071982,0.000039133527,0.09217577,0.00005461987,0.0004755419,0.000001666816,0.000018350029,0.000017436281,0.000019320643],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909794,0.0000062496656,0.00038409163,0.00008355403,0.00027070785,0.00015744756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931073,0.0001628302,0.00006701017,0.000046676018,0.00030031844,0.000112454734],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027939896,0.000102132144,0.00012695244,0.000106710526,0.00003437009,0.00004505218,0.00013804964,0.000040722243,0.0000111215995],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009547489,0.00009711436,0.00009452003,0.00006197521,0.000019215167,0.00020152712,0.000019470968,0.00011634107,0.000002741615],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00049346604,0.00023768362,0.0026215406,0.000026367077,0.00037314813,0.00010524386,0.0002989205,0.773377,0.091145545,0.0020060332,0.0008681311,0.12844692],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001461908,0.000055082543,0.0020604485,0.00002977073,0.000011546299,0.00011247996,0.000016983187,0.9933843,0.0007134289,0.00028272546,0.0017667258,0.00010459645],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005207472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024957833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42321998,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00011811678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017908014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39602086},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035637119","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.03.008","title":"Effect of electrostatic charges on single bubble in gas–solid fluidized beds","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia","keywords":"Bubble; Fluidization; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Fluidized bed; Physics; Jet (fluid); Two-fluid model; Momentum (technical analysis); Classical mechanics; Materials science; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006837552531999519,"score_gpt":0.2655859289614244,"score_spread":0.2587483764294249,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2035637119","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99371445,0.0010448595,0.0031636364,0.00007173059,0.0016397482,0.00010807536,0.000022316864,0.000023004759,0.00021218946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977729,0.00013950608,0.0015934118,0.000035272602,0.00040304355,0.0000048285533,0.000012198298,0.00003053701,0.000008319975],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984989,0.0000903451,0.0005670365,0.000072861694,0.0004932054,0.00027761245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992106,0.00029679504,0.00012382267,0.00010104353,0.0001527063,0.000115063325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006738539,0.00017747683,0.00035758008,0.00045793012,0.000013395541,0.000020900528,0.00027275708,0.000072456896,0.000100532336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023757957,0.00014943858,0.00018145255,0.00012676882,0.000024767918,0.00027304047,0.000015396736,0.00025459958,0.000024169238],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00082860875,0.0004095719,0.0022943572,0.00004776739,0.00020894209,0.000060595226,0.0004525846,0.0037643616,0.97028345,0.00003342872,0.00056703435,0.021049274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048064957,0.0006722143,0.000187364,0.00022577975,0.00003265669,0.00009434879,0.000010969658,0.021351568,0.9715557,0.000024851883,0.0009002978,0.00013776551],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000057248094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000023245718,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02091151,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001691066,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018001056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6093928},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2037460506","doi":"10.1016/s0301-9322(03)00123-x","title":"Bubble size in coalescence dominant regime of turbulent air–water flow through horizontal pipes","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":52,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Bubble; Coalescence (physics); Mechanics; Breakup; Turbulence; Injector; Volume fraction; Air water; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006819624493921453,"score_gpt":0.22788100055987515,"score_spread":0.2210613760659537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2037460506","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9264123,0.0006785547,0.0697488,0.00022198186,0.0021713322,0.000106561456,0.000025573607,0.000015676746,0.00061923167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9553672,0.0002650853,0.044050995,0.00004730795,0.00015586623,0.0000024091203,0.0000045866245,0.000023112269,0.000083402985],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986029,0.000031198128,0.0006265499,0.00011082813,0.0004158031,0.00021269967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993695,0.00009464574,0.00010483931,0.000108316206,0.00024782438,0.000074843265],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030388613,0.00015765318,0.000266015,0.00014376026,0.000016973561,0.000023491517,0.0003005985,0.00006798353,0.00011040985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015937872,0.00012595311,0.00014813396,0.00006254576,0.00003807663,0.00030277434,0.000023548613,0.00023780439,0.000010840379],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00025141297,0.00040981488,0.0011550549,0.000049721406,0.0002470489,0.0010447947,0.001613272,0.6568824,0.33393884,0.000477604,0.0009478221,0.0029821843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006784219,0.00019818227,0.0007707121,0.00077432307,0.000035656914,0.0010505572,0.00018709732,0.5529192,0.42642698,0.0008879048,0.009544938,0.00042019275],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003578752,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000037560505,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10396319,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021672627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000047152895,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.51362187},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060558962","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.08.008","title":"Explosively driven particle fields imaged using a high speed framing camera and particle image velocimetry","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Martec (Canada)","funders":"Air Force Research Laboratory","keywords":"Particle image velocimetry; Particle velocity; Particle tracking velocimetry; Particle (ecology); Velocimetry; Materials science; Particle size; Optics; Drag; Physics; Framing (construction); Mechanics; Turbulence; Geology","score_opus":0.020160278352124587,"score_gpt":0.2819207773272053,"score_spread":0.2617604989750807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060558962","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9463857,0.0004336786,0.05129891,0.0001466457,0.0015724597,0.000068616755,0.000022009604,0.000045274675,0.00002670701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9425211,0.00005786792,0.056679294,0.00008190357,0.0006149814,0.0000016424138,0.0000023520847,0.00003278862,0.000008053979],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861217,0.00005079712,0.00048904493,0.00010388302,0.00040453678,0.0003395468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912953,0.00014450852,0.00011819262,0.00012353713,0.0002486959,0.0002355309],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032576322,0.00016184033,0.00021318733,0.000101039004,0.000054745557,0.000096107484,0.0002456792,0.000071096954,0.000082346625],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002706329,0.00016279328,0.0000903991,0.0001090654,0.00006120885,0.00097513717,0.000070476366,0.000305056,0.000020096399],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010034017,0.00020481415,0.0172259,0.000015037822,0.0003370972,0.00016891689,0.0018271971,0.09127575,0.8803663,0.00010032188,0.00015674577,0.008221542],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015195644,0.00003248179,0.0043605566,0.000054750497,0.000045314733,0.00015300915,0.00017258787,0.86495304,0.1284129,0.00005519343,0.00007471103,0.0001659146],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019836141,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002565212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7736773,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016756284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000021904329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66385174},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063487208","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.07.001","title":"Conditions for complete phase separation in an impacting tee junction at various inclinations of the outlet arms","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Inlet; Materials science; Separator (oil production); Flow (mathematics); Limiting; Flow separation; Volumetric flow rate; Entrainment (biomusicology); Separation (statistics); Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Acoustics; Physics; Geology; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Boundary layer","score_opus":0.028349281237570075,"score_gpt":0.35497884618956554,"score_spread":0.32662956495199547,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063487208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91995835,0.000058932565,0.076877706,0.00018247057,0.0024521602,0.00014716087,0.0002238387,0.00001182266,0.00008755871],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994584,0.000010452534,0.0048644375,0.000038817114,0.00038286843,0.000008306884,0.00006663713,0.000015315032,0.000029157469],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905616,0.000030027722,0.00047,0.000052354655,0.00025099548,0.0001404498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991099,0.0001768126,0.00022696379,0.000080154736,0.0003450081,0.00006112546],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00039164486,0.000087194734,0.00013000824,0.00020963296,0.000058774043,0.000025201904,0.00017254846,0.000050096853,0.00003405154],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019306992,0.000072574585,0.00011475696,0.0000811381,0.000017031794,0.0004817427,0.000022004615,0.0001483794,0.0000022467727],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017593238,0.0006771029,0.011795578,0.00002143203,0.00021496884,0.000004154588,0.002702822,0.5466688,0.43154213,0.0004853037,0.00086416595,0.0048476118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003403504,0.00008042036,0.0047836606,0.00006882589,0.000035225017,0.000063915046,0.00014199977,0.9843053,0.00530496,0.0001743695,0.0015419289,0.00009584716],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013018179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000118096454,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43763655,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004394048,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026400186,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29595056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065278639","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.10.001","title":"Gas dispersion in horizontal pulp-fibre-suspension flow","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Pulp (tooth); Materials science; Buoyancy; Bubble; Stratified flow; Mixing (physics); Superficial velocity; Volumetric flow rate; Composite material; Suspension (topology); Dispersion (optics); TRACER; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Optics","score_opus":0.008705827767698293,"score_gpt":0.2377977480927073,"score_spread":0.229091920325009,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065278639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96607345,0.00082286994,0.02731485,0.00014865257,0.0050013154,0.000058570597,0.000018238721,0.000025613615,0.00053643744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9826982,0.00024726635,0.016032748,0.000033258977,0.0009216263,0.0000011154035,0.000017077362,0.000025786236,0.000022891969],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886906,0.000020157308,0.00040886833,0.00007220457,0.000397991,0.00023174446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995208,0.000056592682,0.00007267003,0.00007762816,0.00013283864,0.00013947494],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002926195,0.00013335362,0.00016741962,0.0002977942,0.000020264008,0.000037860613,0.00023426916,0.000068750334,0.00010451415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007065255,0.00012169695,0.00012518471,0.00007614726,0.000015021618,0.00055078976,0.000040374183,0.0002648116,0.000031648247],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040495812,0.0005744119,0.013149092,0.000027774167,0.00025546827,0.0006029259,0.0018070379,0.42424563,0.3049588,0.00032467316,0.0030281623,0.25062105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0019488962,0.000058381287,0.0025601333,0.00018776572,0.000012207541,0.00035315304,0.00008822232,0.9832212,0.00659469,0.000045862973,0.0047534867,0.00017604826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016062495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000027821614,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5589755,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027654093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017715425,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49626577},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2065547645","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.06.011","title":"Theoretical analysis of the onset of gas entrainment from a stratified region through multiple branches","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Stratified flows; Entrainment (biomusicology); Mechanics; Stratified flow; Physics; Medicine; Internal medicine; Turbulence","score_opus":0.018829760719514796,"score_gpt":0.221615990745718,"score_spread":0.20278623002620322,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2065547645","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9318944,0.00010484283,0.06653278,0.00008730379,0.00070639903,0.00006793472,0.000111038345,0.000018889921,0.00047638424],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860226,0.000054931956,0.013772842,0.00002941736,0.00008857663,0.0000011424792,0.0000074002983,0.000020969928,0.0000020994055],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99874836,0.000046123158,0.0005719511,0.00008275899,0.0004405593,0.00011022531],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99913156,0.00019617719,0.00022781099,0.00021474989,0.00018119883,0.00004851564],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014963845,0.00012780991,0.00028482996,0.00015123954,0.000011004425,0.000010504368,0.00052365003,0.00006571214,0.0003049871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014803294,0.00009669543,0.00033594368,0.00016390704,0.00011955899,0.00012341578,0.00003805487,0.00018759258,0.0000017923338],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010159126,0.0009829878,0.008811576,0.000041758314,0.01356639,0.00018147583,0.016100938,0.8126286,0.124440596,0.0059639327,0.0005099683,0.015755825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001817827,0.00007808975,0.021426,0.00017591858,0.00062064105,0.000040020295,0.00020809683,0.803891,0.16910887,0.0021567107,0.00030112543,0.00017566417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037143785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000020782736,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054128196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006809364,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019632078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39431253},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066477610","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2014.01.009","title":"Identification of flow regime in vertical upward air–water pipe flow using differential pressure signals and elastic maps","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Water Systems and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Calibration; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Differential pressure; Materials science; Static pressure; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.008966690733875194,"score_gpt":0.2273795057407721,"score_spread":0.2184128150068969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066477610","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.5017364,0.00008892159,0.49673322,0.000067982284,0.0012498546,0.00007402501,0.000021511303,0.000012212719,0.000015838557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99399006,0.000017920323,0.005439063,0.000009972051,0.00045523274,0.0000021397298,0.000019157642,0.000022465612,0.00004400513],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99848866,0.00007313116,0.00077029713,0.00012075327,0.00039992688,0.00014724417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993392,0.00006532931,0.00010907425,0.00009786618,0.00030046946,0.00008806514],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030548408,0.00013886168,0.000260216,0.0002982057,0.000020144094,0.00006087555,0.00019211842,0.000091888054,0.000054389086],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011937669,0.000111881265,0.00007928362,0.00004917049,0.000031720396,0.0003319854,0.000032729193,0.00015441685,0.0000046528025],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011803395,0.00006700157,0.0006612591,0.0000534042,0.00013042308,0.00001340227,0.00037213194,0.8700501,0.12725249,0.0000074857558,0.00014661116,0.0011276989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015662189,0.000040197974,0.0012723445,0.00021574377,0.00005167659,0.00006228537,0.000011314859,0.9290744,0.06725871,0.00007370819,0.00026378283,0.000109595305],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012755381,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014427907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4922536,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006171078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015131835,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45623857},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069607284","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2008.01.007","title":"Bubble and liquid turbulence characteristics of bubbly flow in a large diameter vertical pipe","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Turbulence; Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Porosity; Dimensionless quantity; Void (composites); Local Void; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Composite material","score_opus":0.007785642227896289,"score_gpt":0.22295739432576483,"score_spread":0.21517175209786854,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069607284","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428385,0.00029699015,0.055892203,0.00006744917,0.00074373954,0.00003827097,0.000060040762,0.000009563248,0.000053249794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9864333,0.00055417296,0.012753487,0.00005049904,0.00017223238,0.0000012989503,0.0000067303504,0.000016162941,0.000012108417],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989782,0.000015367363,0.00048937125,0.00007951418,0.00028676906,0.00015077417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949497,0.00009152476,0.00005775568,0.000069165515,0.00020325661,0.00008334645],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001780476,0.000106583,0.00022007318,0.00021214799,0.0000149273865,0.000014981002,0.00018234651,0.00005683598,0.00003461889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017798468,0.00010053899,0.00007086364,0.0000592647,0.000039992516,0.00018620625,0.000038397004,0.00020919273,0.0000030140131],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004243406,0.0028043026,0.08158964,0.00036389186,0.0013885834,0.008108091,0.011127726,0.20582671,0.6140839,0.00062924623,0.0014663427,0.068368174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020769432,0.00014079377,0.013025266,0.00021443436,0.000011736126,0.00038641115,0.000016534266,0.97730756,0.006039348,0.000024377987,0.00062252436,0.00013405333],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007038897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008102813,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.77148086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006709013,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000031827145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4099861},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2069901728","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2010.03.003","title":"Instability in gravity-driven flow over uneven permeable surfaces","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films","field":"Engineering","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Nonlinear system; Instability; Porous medium; Flow (mathematics); Permeability (electromagnetism); Floquet theory; Linear stability; Free surface; Fluid dynamics; Physics; Geology; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry","score_opus":0.006563769705598314,"score_gpt":0.24138698809648293,"score_spread":0.2348232183908846,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2069901728","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99152887,0.000068274,0.0032559773,0.00015503708,0.004346163,0.000066167886,0.00008304756,0.000027018637,0.00046946862],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9770337,0.00005097998,0.022530906,0.00003583051,0.00026522868,0.0000018374448,0.000014304384,0.000021878717,0.00004537675],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877363,0.000023629804,0.00048157762,0.00011301629,0.00043277422,0.00017536532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993316,0.000090702626,0.000085093176,0.00014001709,0.00025165328,0.00010094967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038520023,0.00014238454,0.00020640776,0.00023166818,0.000022550059,0.00007184188,0.0004437479,0.00010036979,0.00024487282],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015818808,0.00013210149,0.00012700871,0.000094562325,0.000045392128,0.00037384083,0.00004353325,0.00061580486,0.000012769841],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000825577,0.00023822441,0.029706135,0.000013720129,0.00011952461,0.00019043293,0.00045052025,0.8990087,0.060496345,0.00020846052,0.00050911924,0.008976243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001538072,0.000026188516,0.020507399,0.00004290944,0.000006543915,0.00006180927,0.000019268506,0.971573,0.0013256524,0.0004623761,0.0042983457,0.00013845993],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007432908,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007459131,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07256426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000120136225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005373351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.53869426},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072468747","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2012.02.001","title":"Axis-switching and breakup of low-speed elliptic liquid jets","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Breakup; Nozzle; Instability; Mechanics; Jet (fluid); Physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.008092752839920838,"score_gpt":0.23596360860602997,"score_spread":0.22787085576610913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2072468747","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9595274,0.0010673385,0.037597172,0.00010208241,0.0013998342,0.000041299798,0.000022950455,0.00001453877,0.00022741238],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99517685,0.00037181945,0.0039002397,0.00003798505,0.0004750303,4.272638e-7,0.0000036641534,0.000021441396,0.000012569593],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905604,0.0000126622745,0.0004162891,0.00005241405,0.00030917316,0.00015342544],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994881,0.000074304444,0.000049894654,0.000063736785,0.00019503782,0.00012889954],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022748807,0.00011089795,0.00018162337,0.00018979247,0.000016069063,0.00002249071,0.00017094307,0.000055089724,0.000066001274],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000030644947,0.00009981587,0.00009497473,0.000039771818,0.000020260155,0.0003144856,0.000016392916,0.0001849799,0.0000061100573],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005212745,0.00039141424,0.003826,0.00012531782,0.00070106034,0.000088250206,0.0024733178,0.09678579,0.8747229,0.00097393896,0.00027937954,0.019111369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0034447692,0.00019569117,0.005849692,0.00045881368,0.00006170077,0.00055154914,0.00007420789,0.94624674,0.041373596,0.00007251662,0.001390265,0.00028042865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007811131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003691591,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.84946096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000053112773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015099315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40703732},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084844219","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2003.10.002","title":"Dispersed multiphase flow with air-driven runback of a liquid layer at a moving boundary","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Boundary layer; Materials science; Mechanics; Multiphase flow; Flow (mathematics); Layer (electronics); Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.011330137934608148,"score_gpt":0.24164467063778938,"score_spread":0.23031453270318122,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084844219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.87281245,0.0002287463,0.12492764,0.00016371625,0.0010134892,0.00010905907,0.000056453362,0.00015150507,0.0005369647],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.885381,0.00007489175,0.11422047,0.00006310861,0.00013373245,0.0000038517182,0.000008211341,0.000043688862,0.000071072835],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833304,0.000039349914,0.00059884443,0.00015970768,0.00060349755,0.0002655554],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987913,0.00016153614,0.0002516534,0.00022510302,0.00046147447,0.0001089575],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023603362,0.00024811612,0.00036511396,0.00041016747,0.00006557385,0.00003748237,0.00042598444,0.00012397996,0.0000906686],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035601188,0.00020280095,0.00018846887,0.00015185907,0.00012217526,0.00027531578,0.00005007998,0.0003668722,0.000016227652],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001263407,0.0002957461,0.0022497575,0.00005111899,0.00069520035,0.0006576178,0.0011585191,0.92012334,0.060709022,0.00006413529,0.0014358789,0.01129624],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009822876,0.00089123956,0.00040354114,0.00094558345,0.00010815567,0.0012028033,0.0005066744,0.51479405,0.45984876,0.000060968003,0.010872699,0.0005426327],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016932987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000038600643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4053293,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027997722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008741903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82699823},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091516449","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2005.03.005","title":"Air–water counter-current slug flow data in vertical-to-horizontal pipes containing orifice type obstructions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Water Systems and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Slugging; Slug flow; Body orifice; Mechanics; Countercurrent exchange; Geology; Pipe flow; Two-phase flow; Geotechnical engineering; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.023798541695262555,"score_gpt":0.28155317453474416,"score_spread":0.2577546328394816,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091516449","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.77035064,0.0006034168,0.21187194,0.00087261363,0.01540338,0.00023497548,0.00018293408,0.00008815705,0.00039192883],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807458,0.000050428433,0.017280156,0.000056717985,0.0016822066,0.000003042004,0.00011330518,0.000026575208,0.00004177978],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998563,0.000028049266,0.00063457317,0.00015606414,0.00041311135,0.00020519376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99920434,0.000043302043,0.000046668232,0.00019923887,0.00036230686,0.0001441544],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002696343,0.00015092695,0.00020349059,0.00030223993,0.00002931529,0.00008911477,0.00053328875,0.000056503864,0.00013607183],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112950496,0.00012375721,0.000052191168,0.00009447075,0.000014712833,0.0007075688,0.00007914244,0.0002557188,0.00009342033],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021490078,0.00011630428,0.0012953412,0.0000119228425,0.00012598957,0.00006658132,0.00087799225,0.97261333,0.0027088423,0.000013659993,0.003431287,0.01852384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018330703,0.00009439855,0.0008974714,0.0002247907,0.000022582879,0.00017794756,0.0000925144,0.91244304,0.0037333304,0.00000992853,0.080269754,0.00020118548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003338972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004517874,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21039513,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031751272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041891173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5046673},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2094316534","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2013.06.004","title":"Coalescence of sessile droplets of varying viscosities for line printing","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","keywords":"Breakup; Coalescence (physics); Dimensionless quantity; Materials science; Viscosity; Fabrication; Mechanics; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.013711305149710418,"score_gpt":0.2546071427304083,"score_spread":0.24089583758069788,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2094316534","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89725727,0.00015906876,0.10157569,0.000082662365,0.0007248622,0.000093837276,0.000029237375,0.000035833742,0.000041559408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.90322125,0.00006212232,0.09654169,0.000005955034,0.0001417395,0.0000047247363,0.0000024525855,0.000011868961,0.00000818056],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99910605,0.000008842423,0.0005484599,0.000052300773,0.00018722325,0.00009714934],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99900067,0.00013475843,0.0002607798,0.0000741325,0.0005077568,0.000021889522],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018564315,0.000083960185,0.00021084037,0.00016525107,0.00001332874,0.000026461412,0.00033721185,0.000048026945,0.00004956248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018071433,0.000073309006,0.00009618174,0.00003738794,0.00004038099,0.0002027746,0.000049304497,0.000075793956,0.0000014670957],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000043516986,0.00006316572,0.0008250739,0.000133553,0.00014259359,0.000005962755,0.00015865918,0.0779821,0.88365287,0.00007323057,0.00015177712,0.036767494],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007747673,0.00007117659,0.0005792589,0.00040968848,0.000011766553,0.000030187737,0.000053540833,0.15974627,0.8377684,0.00029433443,0.0001852526,0.00007538422],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017894583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.630287e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08176417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025901472,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018584671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29894546},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2127719753","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2010.10.009","title":"An analysis of the d2-law departure during droplet evaporation in microgravity","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","keywords":"Vaporization; Materials science; Evaporation; Mass transfer; Mechanics; Range (aeronautics); Heat transfer; Thermodynamics; Environmental science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.0033584450483177116,"score_gpt":0.24460905571768604,"score_spread":0.24125061066936834,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2127719753","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99351996,0.000016059195,0.0051343306,0.00010289058,0.0010825275,0.000040409348,0.00005092472,0.000010821896,0.00004208816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99766797,0.000010874088,0.0021308707,0.0000280971,0.00012511954,8.3819094e-7,0.000022163913,0.000008278029,0.000005761129],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991687,0.000026779491,0.00037826097,0.00006184799,0.00028958122,0.000074816766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993793,0.000031628966,0.00014387598,0.00013653438,0.00026241151,0.000046295863],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019852235,0.000078200894,0.00014847665,0.00031507434,0.000020587564,0.000034966582,0.00032888644,0.00006327554,0.00006030899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000050176106,0.00006277642,0.00016580262,0.00024431883,0.00003524166,0.00020421545,0.000017061362,0.00033176036,7.7442405e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058864298,0.00014777655,0.037251394,0.0000050072936,0.00030178227,0.000023791852,0.00031524725,0.6861415,0.27312475,0.00021870926,0.00001332923,0.002397834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00076970574,0.000011325607,0.11263083,0.000018717958,0.00008384929,0.000040272127,0.00003574418,0.8749293,0.011146091,0.0000465801,0.00021841635,0.000069163805],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000038263785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003234776,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2619787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006663382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018021214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2559948},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2177764086","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2015.09.004","title":"Liquid flow in a simplex swirl nozzle","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nozzle; Discharge coefficient; Mechanics; Inviscid flow; Body orifice; Materials science; Spray characteristics; Boundary layer; Flow (mathematics); Internal flow; External flow; Spray nozzle; Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Physics; Engineering","score_opus":0.021058587668915794,"score_gpt":0.2674839897669705,"score_spread":0.24642540209805472,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2177764086","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8961176,0.00048125145,0.09790562,0.0006327143,0.0032340982,0.0000823615,0.000066898785,0.00004332583,0.0014361221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856776,0.00010228662,0.0136343725,0.00011025946,0.00040124773,0.0000023202633,0.00001174502,0.000025199457,0.00003499426],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99887145,0.00001665186,0.00045356425,0.0000760817,0.0004214015,0.00016082787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993634,0.000044101802,0.000027758773,0.00008045419,0.00032699754,0.00015726688],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027078693,0.00011943074,0.00017901276,0.00031361953,0.000008828116,0.000039964576,0.00030836024,0.000064810774,0.0000937142],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006867116,0.00011211612,0.00010328785,0.00008550373,0.000018538938,0.00024157774,0.000017338154,0.0002464205,0.000033455475],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043697652,0.00017023417,0.00036527234,0.000009499044,0.0001293796,0.0005814308,0.0009785893,0.9721377,0.008433354,0.0001301439,0.0035212396,0.013106174],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0032397641,0.00013186307,0.0003615617,0.00007956382,0.000008043487,0.000116969764,0.00004244274,0.97437775,0.0009881264,0.00014269668,0.02037665,0.00013455571],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020415539,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009290523,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.089559965,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00021342661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006991372,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45719627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2193448317","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2015.05.005","title":"Effect of surface roughness and lithology on the water–gas and water–oil relative permeability ratios of oil-wet single fractures","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu","keywords":"Relative permeability; Petroleum engineering; Surface roughness; Materials science; Permeability (electromagnetism); Surface finish; Fossil fuel; Lithology; Environmental science; Geology; Composite material; Petrology; Porosity; Chemistry","score_opus":0.016147342445135757,"score_gpt":0.27468877818988957,"score_spread":0.2585414357447538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2193448317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99631864,0.00006641862,0.0009947376,0.002072966,0.00026686053,0.000046383,0.000014223019,0.0000031231057,0.00021666297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991461,0.000022999457,0.00039245843,0.00006906903,0.000043148684,0.0000022677038,0.000003957743,0.00000573857,0.00031426182],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99861205,0.00031154085,0.0003700549,0.00013594227,0.00046020924,0.000110195484],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99905,0.0004486834,0.00018317475,0.00009339092,0.00016731357,0.000057442798],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011338815,0.00012367041,0.00024087372,0.00004204768,0.00005263909,0.000024560884,0.0001921881,0.00004851334,0.00008469827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002936004,0.000054114185,0.00005904617,0.000026151796,0.0003529105,0.00028149446,0.00014671618,0.00013544381,0.000006142717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0046824794,0.0010842314,0.14268704,0.00007762813,0.0007083368,0.00012115727,0.04906525,0.017774092,0.48234573,0.00008863744,0.00048068218,0.30088472],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005328728,0.0023370923,0.021613622,0.00011859252,0.000100382385,0.00016707413,0.0008376033,0.004717766,0.96032935,0.0004812388,0.0037470753,0.00022148559],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000084749605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002796483,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4779836,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000083401574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000065979693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22067125},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2387478932","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2016.05.005","title":"Direct resolution of differential pressure fluctuations to characterize multi-scale dynamics in a gas fluidized bed","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Slugging; Fluidization; Mechanics; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Amplitude; Scale (ratio); Bubble; Physics; Fluidized bed; Materials science; Thermodynamics; Optics","score_opus":0.011864827787289782,"score_gpt":0.24356323859343848,"score_spread":0.2316984108061487,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2387478932","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8029646,0.0001250844,0.19438483,0.00037971593,0.00148542,0.00016148774,0.00040994992,0.00003260323,0.000056305107],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.985175,0.0001635957,0.014278219,0.000016978724,0.00025081966,0.000010373987,0.000031371197,0.000028296376,0.000045360604],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984461,0.000060271203,0.00071650825,0.00012976342,0.00045586558,0.00019146486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990864,0.000113128124,0.00013774769,0.00014417004,0.00039754814,0.000121050194],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022518104,0.00016649261,0.00032232556,0.00049863284,0.000019470408,0.00002533789,0.0003658247,0.000095343355,0.0001283823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022427407,0.00012949466,0.00018415997,0.0001324872,0.00003370422,0.00026475696,0.0000423679,0.00013557817,0.000011037932],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005013734,0.00026298375,0.0011223155,0.000015227607,0.0002106227,0.000029193307,0.0003645465,0.001699746,0.97324765,0.000024156567,0.00023116657,0.022291023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013369706,0.00016825902,0.009488652,0.0007758739,0.000107349406,0.000072321665,0.000049712206,0.5660056,0.40722835,0.00004337113,0.0023126346,0.0003781678],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000024024903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013710707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5660193,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023506442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003619701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5280639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2534706551","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2016.06.023","title":"Investigation of particle-laden turbulent pipe flow at high-Reynolds-number using particle image/tracking velocimetry (PIV/PTV)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Reynolds number; Turbulence; Particle image velocimetry; Particle tracking velocimetry; Mechanics; Pipe flow; Materials science; Velocimetry; Two-phase flow; Particle (ecology); Physics; Optics; Flow (mathematics); Geology","score_opus":0.024702005052830843,"score_gpt":0.272954768867601,"score_spread":0.24825276381477016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2534706551","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.940338,0.00013591019,0.057223834,0.00056209596,0.0014927163,0.00010222533,0.000059227434,0.000064026615,0.00002193573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9487643,0.0000635243,0.050531037,0.000062896404,0.00047515758,0.0000038824655,0.0000053214903,0.00005476326,0.000039072722],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99738103,0.000090848116,0.0010712524,0.00020001137,0.00089423364,0.00036259348],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99812037,0.00029944954,0.00034356088,0.00025347897,0.00074782834,0.00023529686],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005539504,0.00024291432,0.00033018104,0.00014162034,0.000055732216,0.000065283835,0.00048579683,0.00011391139,0.00030306316],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004013042,0.00020323177,0.00019128453,0.0001968267,0.00016413227,0.0008884022,0.00009956628,0.0002115652,0.00009087182],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001751418,0.00006839997,0.022062335,0.00001968554,0.00033415182,0.00019826807,0.00038947666,0.08720811,0.8798664,0.00007860341,0.0003087146,0.009290665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020849246,0.000030488629,0.004349147,0.0002158055,0.00004931939,0.00026695358,0.000016361653,0.57164603,0.4208967,0.00020171286,0.00007345803,0.00016910274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017815186,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010382189,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4844379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007044654,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006383109,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8287551},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2593066737","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.03.002","title":"Micro/meso simulation of a fluidized bed in a homogeneous bubbling regime","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"IFP Energies Nouvelles","keywords":"Mechanics; Fluidization; Drag; Momentum (technical analysis); CFD-DEM; Momentum transfer; Fluidized bed; Scale (ratio); Discrete element method; Physics; Statistical physics; Classical mechanics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.016916574436375224,"score_gpt":0.28523979524243426,"score_spread":0.268323220806059,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2593066737","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771876,0.00069129345,0.0202567,0.00012364547,0.0014927447,0.00008811983,0.000029884965,0.000018776007,0.00011126807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98857063,0.00013952736,0.010902824,0.000017109733,0.00032635467,0.0000016724491,0.000007296259,0.000024837658,0.0000097703605],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99865353,0.000027667122,0.0006630576,0.00009728656,0.0004063431,0.00015208857],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99888676,0.000109992754,0.00028965203,0.0002210633,0.0004203244,0.00007221836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035426603,0.00014134664,0.0002964142,0.00039604452,0.00004277961,0.0000742207,0.0006021703,0.00009084974,0.00004413166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037132134,0.00013762874,0.00019586412,0.000050932562,0.0000457098,0.00033080002,0.000041884312,0.00020225182,0.0000072866533],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047113598,0.0001546151,0.0021900674,0.000024804673,0.00023161984,0.0004283753,0.0005009223,0.25255436,0.718815,0.000012503156,0.00012927441,0.024487305],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0076503786,0.00006637861,0.00085077196,0.0003263606,0.000035615347,0.00014765291,0.000025078254,0.6746188,0.31469256,0.00015417497,0.0012387931,0.00019344599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000026182932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000017513154,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42206442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000103168284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043102824,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5612337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2745700076","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.08.005","title":"Two-phase discharge from a stratified region through two horizontal branches with centerlines falling on an inclined plane","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Manitoba","keywords":"Froude number; Mechanics; Dimensionless quantity; Falling (accident); Horizontal plane; Inclined plane; Pressure drop; Materials science; Plane (geometry); Range (aeronautics); Vapor quality; Flow (mathematics); Mass flow rate; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Heat transfer; Heat flux","score_opus":0.024881114104213547,"score_gpt":0.30277729463603476,"score_spread":0.2778961805318212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2745700076","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372046,0.00006163683,0.059971854,0.00025481437,0.0018951452,0.000101753634,0.00012539563,0.00010088506,0.00028389745],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9736638,0.000045083125,0.023968244,0.000055331107,0.0021016828,0.0000027232054,0.00007451154,0.00007643569,0.000012209751],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860144,0.000027579992,0.0004731035,0.00018690454,0.00049882586,0.00021215662],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989369,0.000083017534,0.00029874392,0.00035136356,0.00018341375,0.00014658914],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012937728,0.0002717638,0.00029639565,0.00012207644,0.000110203546,0.00028218253,0.0008015339,0.00006607498,0.000029191711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000710276,0.00022905212,0.00011012213,0.000025828302,0.0000514597,0.0010143298,0.0000381716,0.00041085616,0.000014630537],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00511653,0.0013854023,0.0011931121,0.000029991463,0.0015213282,0.0027722248,0.0026271725,0.7625231,0.14631085,0.000399512,0.000342377,0.075778395],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02583023,0.0010569111,0.0015700962,0.0008657203,0.00009365623,0.00041503948,0.0001824129,0.9187419,0.047545075,0.000329772,0.002700982,0.0006682249],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001052994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021987798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15621878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000114691065,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026380947,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.93404746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2755000278","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.09.004","title":"Oil-particle separation in a falling sphere configuration: Effect of viscosity ratio & interfacial tension","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"University of Toronto; University of Alberta","keywords":"Breakup; Surface tension; Materials science; Capillary number; Viscosity; Silicone oil; Shear rate; Capillary action; Shearing (physics); Composite material; Thermodynamics; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.032886061394069147,"score_gpt":0.34990158316280734,"score_spread":0.3170155217687382,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2755000278","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98241276,0.000049267488,0.015279034,0.0005172757,0.0014460895,0.00006400642,0.00001801912,0.000009253151,0.00020430467],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970841,0.000020821979,0.0025020828,0.000037996684,0.00019696172,0.0000032866617,0.000007820937,0.000007748046,0.0001392276],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99828106,0.00018166791,0.00069336325,0.00016185603,0.0005569987,0.00012505279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982538,0.00015520205,0.000666561,0.00023421725,0.0006177256,0.000072468894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001017469,0.000126115,0.00028244074,0.00008738202,0.00012327557,0.00020315494,0.00051329366,0.00007011615,0.00048460872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00091256166,0.00010429908,0.00011287706,0.000038365626,0.000107046275,0.00078571483,0.0000550732,0.0001508879,0.00007017699],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011190736,0.00015549519,0.007657309,0.00001018393,0.000020032627,0.00002916595,0.00067349436,0.01617011,0.96691334,0.000025218747,0.000066855755,0.0071597416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033568458,0.00015847023,0.006151423,0.00016217168,0.000016164533,0.000037456062,0.000045163746,0.09279416,0.8967431,0.000020336694,0.00040056056,0.00011413311],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015658046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00023834809,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07662404,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010951575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008288406,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5306126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765779214","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.003","title":"A stochastic formulation for the drag force based on multiscale numerical simulation of fluidized beds","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Drag; Discrete element method; Computational fluid dynamics; CFD-DEM; Mechanics; Fluidized bed; Flow (mathematics); Scale (ratio); Multiphase flow; Pressure drop; Computer simulation; Porosity; Physics; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.019003184579862203,"score_gpt":0.29755949515655616,"score_spread":0.27855631057669394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2765779214","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.059972633,0.00007969923,0.93773973,0.00028628355,0.0015245306,0.00026656105,0.000072711424,0.000019881882,0.00003796525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891822,0.000006191785,0.010231941,0.000044789376,0.0004633914,0.000012659329,0.000018187377,0.000028448552,0.000012213914],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986799,0.00002040119,0.0005303138,0.000094977935,0.00052766677,0.00014676772],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980261,0.0008012498,0.00031097815,0.0002521105,0.0005421268,0.00006748325],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035632678,0.00015072673,0.00023384497,0.00016973863,0.00014646474,0.00008477821,0.0005484467,0.00007880492,0.000031653588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007410416,0.000111069596,0.00030009256,0.00003487763,0.000035200806,0.00028630224,0.000020646678,0.00015699994,0.0000033252802],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00085889525,0.000101503036,0.00009573073,0.000013202067,0.00014471024,0.000005392571,0.000119562406,0.9532158,0.02052247,0.000072709736,0.00011538671,0.024734644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005746531,0.00015159906,0.00051910535,0.00010816961,0.000063957494,0.0000075172,0.000010711213,0.9780932,0.014541475,0.0001444235,0.0005051505,0.00010813705],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000063547905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029172008,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92920953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000085179585,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000343763,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45292866},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772925510","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.017","title":"A comprehensive assessment of different wall boundary conditions on the simulation of bubbling fluidized beds","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Bubble; Reynolds stress; Reynolds number; Materials science; Mixing (physics); Shear stress; Flow (mathematics); Particle (ecology); Boundary value problem; Slip (aerodynamics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Geology; Turbulence","score_opus":0.03236434127861861,"score_gpt":0.33373704957260814,"score_spread":0.30137270829398954,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2772925510","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9714923,0.00011363347,0.026286935,0.00037013413,0.0012623196,0.00012979463,0.00010705819,0.000012063495,0.00022578663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99815226,0.00008543844,0.0014859905,0.0000454754,0.00018397125,0.0000034304062,0.000021147811,0.000016969438,0.000005317083],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99856156,0.000050188068,0.000600354,0.000075050346,0.00060709787,0.00010577784],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981416,0.00042635214,0.00040085716,0.00024313242,0.0007325156,0.00005554392],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019582814,0.00014052907,0.0002883798,0.00019868222,0.00011307269,0.0000684411,0.00053015794,0.00005608751,0.00010736251],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001441511,0.00009996525,0.0002488211,0.000029034489,0.00010877787,0.00019123226,0.000040846517,0.00023311372,0.0000021025965],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029164267,0.00049016083,0.0025045432,0.000057145957,0.0011342241,0.000052208816,0.0004534494,0.47002664,0.5187112,0.00093877385,0.00044330777,0.004896652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00395928,0.00017118153,0.014894941,0.00036950377,0.00007797093,0.000019549518,0.000054932665,0.9035127,0.075013265,0.0005127034,0.0012810691,0.00013287691],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008654255,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000031071759,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44369796,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090681926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004499827,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40764645},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2780221336","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.12.016","title":"Flow split characterization of two immiscible phases with different wettability scenarios: A numerical investigation using a coupled Cahn–Hilliard and Navier–Stokes system","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"","keywords":"Wetting; Mechanics; Relative permeability; Pressure gradient; Volumetric flow rate; Work (physics); Multiphase flow; Saturation (graph theory); Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Porous medium; Asymmetry; Scalar (mathematics); Porosity; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Thermodynamics; Composite material","score_opus":0.02653403059029448,"score_gpt":0.2884202721783728,"score_spread":0.26188624158807833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2780221336","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9057111,0.00009939902,0.093129046,0.00011592939,0.0006432319,0.00017300874,0.00007963729,0.00003282363,0.000015787791],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894553,0.000031394928,0.010136586,0.000013679649,0.00030236004,0.00000496836,0.000021218084,0.000025931353,0.000008576706],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983253,0.000046481648,0.0006938777,0.00016489718,0.0006067295,0.00016273565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980625,0.00011678592,0.0006573605,0.00021405521,0.0008282893,0.00012103695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028703111,0.00021649069,0.00043319122,0.0002190291,0.00016976471,0.00016714282,0.0002713448,0.000054274995,0.000015884636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017351951,0.00016995812,0.00008954553,0.000064393695,0.00015463233,0.00074751576,0.000066268665,0.00016959499,9.0022655e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000845425,0.00028782582,0.14569513,0.0003629768,0.0013331473,0.00011270685,0.002859037,0.62573475,0.21470529,0.000079809346,0.000011628073,0.0079722535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003385764,0.00007270052,0.035439387,0.00066775916,0.00011535638,0.000115722454,0.00012601176,0.9509857,0.008860587,0.000017641802,0.000042758486,0.00017057253],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000042795407,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013679963,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32525098,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00024353883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005102419,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6930691},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783513091","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2018.01.002","title":"Transient two-phase blowdown: Experiments and analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission","keywords":"Boiler blowdown; Boiler (water heating); Transient (computer programming); Mechanics; Superheating; Bundle; Nuclear engineering; Materials science; Two-phase flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanical engineering; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Physics; Engineering; Inlet","score_opus":0.011451785193902412,"score_gpt":0.2952263112934868,"score_spread":0.2837745260995844,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2783513091","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86484957,0.000268896,0.13251476,0.00008934175,0.0014451934,0.000045729434,0.0000274062,0.000060901235,0.00069819065],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97902304,0.000048304977,0.020211421,0.00006136153,0.00059600757,0.0000012479704,0.000005953269,0.000028468286,0.000024196697],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99903005,0.000015498856,0.0003647858,0.000096024,0.00035111586,0.0001425189],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999416,0.000033586155,0.00006961901,0.00011193865,0.00023067999,0.00013820406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015613942,0.00013770694,0.0002034647,0.00041628417,0.000022286282,0.000057083456,0.00026187213,0.000040536597,0.00022821232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002739899,0.00013219564,0.00014001987,0.0001567134,0.00004945659,0.00020476009,0.000021677803,0.00014176106,0.00002129724],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047661655,0.00057842315,0.00040604392,0.00001599705,0.0069124196,0.00049730897,0.0038506303,0.59525204,0.25220108,0.0000758044,0.0017386774,0.13799493],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004190272,0.0001513121,0.0006980277,0.000034899014,0.00019461564,0.00012856415,0.00003673283,0.9544476,0.025820978,0.000014993692,0.014104253,0.00017772958],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000033452577,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004733423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35919556,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008361374,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009963862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5390782},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2942247570","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.04.024","title":"Phase-bounded finite element method for two-fluid incompressible flow systems","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphase flow; Computational fluid dynamics; Solver; Mechanics; Compressibility; Finite element method; Bounded function; Euler's formula; Backward Euler method; Applied mathematics; Nonlinear system; Fluid dynamics; Euler equations; Work (physics); Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Incompressible flow; Computer science; Physics; Mathematical optimization; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01402961653161573,"score_gpt":0.30988269262211376,"score_spread":0.29585307609049805,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2942247570","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.05390752,0.00061131705,0.9373434,0.00007779873,0.0070700897,0.00030655126,0.00021070857,0.000046434616,0.00042619056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6808462,0.000074458156,0.31731135,0.00009473267,0.0011969907,0.000025320014,0.00007821492,0.000065597946,0.00030714285],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839264,0.000036098056,0.00071018,0.00014288329,0.00048411672,0.00023409694],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986913,0.0003322676,0.00018524418,0.00015182518,0.0005256892,0.00011365556],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059069466,0.0001896056,0.00031585843,0.00030956377,0.000034993107,0.00015792514,0.0004490592,0.00006217432,0.000094640694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007466408,0.00017535964,0.00022333785,0.00006830654,0.000010304261,0.00029917184,0.00003965059,0.00019382103,0.00002545219],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020765704,0.0001846722,0.000034276432,0.000048483136,0.00045293153,0.000030686766,0.00013247914,0.8998029,0.07652578,0.00043171772,0.0011691487,0.020979227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.010440376,0.0002037305,0.0000040557175,0.00021168421,0.00003377072,0.000079203564,0.000040207564,0.9557711,0.0064937216,0.00012484878,0.026417876,0.00017943548],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017970786,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000063827156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6269387,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023693359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055569628,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7150959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2975421295","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.103118","title":"Numerical studies of nitrogen spontaneous condensation flow in laval nozzles using varying droplet growth models","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Condensation; Supercooling; Nucleation; Transonic; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Isothermal process; Nozzle; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Aerodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.04476612059513639,"score_gpt":0.3014450657244083,"score_spread":0.2566789451292719,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2975421295","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9950721,0.0002975128,0.0029477582,0.0002425626,0.0011606115,0.000100330006,0.000064671236,0.000008073538,0.0001063803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9777582,0.000065172775,0.021952657,0.00007749229,0.00011415843,2.2263367e-7,0.00001352846,0.000006055866,0.000012511298],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99829996,0.0001075476,0.00069325604,0.00013466476,0.0006147436,0.0001498095],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99825794,0.00045858792,0.00041755516,0.00007714412,0.0007189373,0.000069826885],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00033421715,0.00011836435,0.00027653985,0.0003293924,0.000031646927,0.000037831396,0.00024979364,0.000044663695,0.00057379284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024213186,0.00010423523,0.000116371375,0.00014873994,0.000054787924,0.0007628085,0.000014350501,0.00018048924,0.000044489843],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00050750724,0.00008646752,0.09148844,0.0000088855095,0.0001656556,0.000296101,0.0010323267,0.8886811,0.014353582,0.000016037982,0.000022703707,0.0033411789],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013837034,0.0001238542,0.0032637282,0.00013632038,0.000022994442,0.00095881807,0.0005537733,0.98314875,0.0090463655,0.0012147807,0.000034234003,0.000112658345],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005356489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00018328645,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.09446766,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000063835614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009368742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.62826294},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3011867159","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103276","title":"Modeling of cavitating flows past a micro-sized particle","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cavitation; Mechanics; Materials science; Particle (ecology); Turbulence; Laminar flow; Particle size; Reynolds number; Surface roughness; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Range (aeronautics); Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Geology; Chemical engineering; Engineering","score_opus":0.02256430084669451,"score_gpt":0.26072578335904706,"score_spread":0.23816148251235256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3011867159","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86256266,0.00023858309,0.13550107,0.0007228269,0.00073784485,0.00006428178,0.00004374839,0.0000370229,0.00009198854],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9260684,0.00002061155,0.073243566,0.000126698,0.0005032271,0.0000024329956,0.0000059860304,0.000025764732,0.0000032634312],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858946,0.000026202672,0.0007317797,0.000087289125,0.0004320735,0.00013318624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990121,0.00011202055,0.00015001443,0.00006863644,0.0005194124,0.00013782925],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00018868194,0.00011704588,0.00021955902,0.000098256096,0.000017342047,0.000036970927,0.00031149408,0.000035222853,0.000084518004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027178178,0.000117897056,0.00014569347,0.0001159434,0.00001674571,0.00028373397,0.000032185828,0.00018687094,0.000016053296],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010362432,0.000039314265,0.00018332941,0.000016799397,0.00014973825,0.00003537412,0.0019905688,0.7422966,0.25039002,0.000017706992,0.00012310833,0.004653801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022290924,0.0000448993,0.000040945,0.0000711253,0.000021903008,0.000032917815,0.00030626205,0.9758662,0.020962577,0.00007541142,0.00024385318,0.00010479518],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000049524897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002529233,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23356962,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000804904,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003360112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48077023},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3014706486","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103395","title":"Instability of stratified two-phase flows in rectangular ducts","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Western Canada Research Grid; Israel Science Foundation; Compute Canada","keywords":"Instability; Mechanics; Stratified flow; Surface tension; Infinitesimal; Stratified flows; Mathematics; Linear stability; Stability (learning theory); Flow (mathematics); Shear flow; Two-phase flow; Mathematical analysis; Geometry; Physics; Thermodynamics; Turbulence; Computer science","score_opus":0.021170964523486716,"score_gpt":0.2954604741478843,"score_spread":0.2742895096243976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3014706486","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97048295,0.0006485,0.021642499,0.00030210803,0.0057101436,0.00022121517,0.0005137129,0.000036434172,0.00044242112],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96871984,0.00019091871,0.03041821,0.00002977724,0.00049478555,0.0000051469515,0.00009443777,0.000041110077,0.000005780987],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99746126,0.00007254259,0.0013630681,0.00022769187,0.00070342806,0.00017200512],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985287,0.0001088703,0.00038423965,0.00026106907,0.00057416904,0.0001429501],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00050688477,0.0002891695,0.00060188514,0.00041645693,0.0000102960485,0.000061189436,0.0008245215,0.00019693265,0.0000953212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00039731886,0.00029361813,0.00031614437,0.00012622701,0.00004361019,0.00016540807,0.00018342346,0.0011231165,0.0000044583003],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000463433,0.0005295142,0.00026068903,0.00018501935,0.0005534881,0.0007959688,0.00095185335,0.9206239,0.060383935,0.00021864109,0.00025070723,0.014782833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004553451,0.00009332343,0.00025509836,0.00045384018,0.00003541559,0.0000458012,0.000042576627,0.98406935,0.007882145,0.001973914,0.0003534446,0.00024162806],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000075123025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013359265,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06344545,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030183297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022009955,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3030678352","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103348","title":"Experimental study of local solid volume fraction fluctuations in a liquid fluidized bed: Particles with a wide range of stokes numbers","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Fluidization; Range (aeronautics); Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Fluidized bed; Volume fraction; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Stokes number; Particle size; Physics; Statistical physics; Thermodynamics; Reynolds number; Turbulence; Chemistry; Geology","score_opus":0.014046307101421164,"score_gpt":0.2665691988910083,"score_spread":0.2525228917895871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3030678352","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9321135,0.00025585303,0.06708079,0.00013126135,0.00020019736,0.00016511878,0.000020520392,0.00001846761,0.000014259499],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963896,0.000022989108,0.0034100716,0.000035107852,0.00010466191,0.000009577665,0.000005138804,0.000022108452,7.3358984e-7],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99844027,0.000062197636,0.00069765863,0.00010255008,0.0005644141,0.00013290055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992694,0.00007966875,0.00018329959,0.00007959293,0.00028762192,0.000100414836],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017962394,0.00013896366,0.00033517805,0.00020663351,0.000018034398,0.00001571891,0.0002232057,0.000045052995,0.000092809256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007401699,0.00012516139,0.00010399682,0.00016534586,0.000055673583,0.00033280143,0.00002450951,0.00018230648,0.0000039324996],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.005343835,0.00279738,0.010168152,0.000031141888,0.00070681894,0.0002304527,0.010117374,0.12623574,0.84209603,0.0000089967325,0.0002947334,0.0019693638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.013470943,0.002414685,0.0009967968,0.00014339336,0.00007717167,0.000043187625,0.007456546,0.2542278,0.7208884,0.000006230862,0.00009449314,0.00018038985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000845114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000055558132,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12799205,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009954025,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045489116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5103933},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3112912561","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103538","title":"Spatial distribution of particles in turbulent channel flow of dilute suspensions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Settling; Mechanics; Particle (ecology); Materials science; Reynolds number; Dispersion (optics); Physics; Suspension (topology); Particle tracking velocimetry; Particle image velocimetry; Optics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.01960463771537181,"score_gpt":0.2542907803849088,"score_spread":0.23468614266953702,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3112912561","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9136276,0.00013413679,0.08471184,0.0006990764,0.00059343653,0.0000700842,0.00013362592,0.000014475648,0.000015704623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99535835,0.00008286521,0.004278475,0.000028794415,0.0002059477,0.0000018888418,0.000028149869,0.000014437202,0.0000010677837],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985279,0.0000353271,0.00076251716,0.00008554879,0.0004466724,0.00014204234],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991707,0.00010320351,0.00017625591,0.0000871011,0.00035063954,0.00011206856],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019885703,0.00011096694,0.00025252128,0.00010481226,0.000009044057,0.000010616117,0.00030021326,0.00005229093,0.000035971843],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003609731,0.0001089766,0.00012996784,0.00013247527,0.000048221467,0.00017125324,0.000042760814,0.00019191732,0.00000485731],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002576747,0.00019248972,0.0015588459,0.000019013656,0.00013551586,0.00013113007,0.00068031886,0.9049385,0.084675,0.000072463656,0.00032535242,0.0070136655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0017753701,0.00008463487,0.0053512226,0.000111250774,0.00001821282,0.00002985813,0.000043260337,0.94513184,0.04714347,0.00012970432,0.000097191834,0.00008399147],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000019855164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029807657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08173076,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000107848995,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000037928672,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4443937},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3139300532","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103638","title":"Numerical simulation of the interaction of wave phase conjugation with bubble clouds","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Physics; Vibration; Phase (matter); Acoustics; Modulation (music); Computer simulation","score_opus":0.022353336883430153,"score_gpt":0.3125499204223299,"score_spread":0.2901965835388997,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3139300532","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9280129,0.000038370352,0.07020432,0.0003115268,0.0011453821,0.000058024438,0.000047535428,0.000004277692,0.00017764252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9935323,0.000006262702,0.0061095757,0.00008220669,0.00019268447,0.0000012464518,0.000014564656,0.0000075585217,0.000053606],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985018,0.00010772414,0.00056775153,0.00009684942,0.000652206,0.000073698335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970333,0.00028896457,0.00082310307,0.00010964636,0.0017032074,0.000041758012],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026028574,0.00008063424,0.00016889637,0.00007226812,0.0000329607,0.000035138906,0.000185833,0.000031221552,0.00045068152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00036357637,0.000054224496,0.00011350243,0.00013347744,0.00006918387,0.00036365137,0.000021402033,0.000102130296,0.000003866345],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007727373,0.00060163625,0.0004168583,0.000011889211,0.00007396362,0.000013811436,0.00086774083,0.30834362,0.682892,0.00015603547,0.000045210967,0.0058044326],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0048658736,0.00032924645,0.0007003276,0.0002259266,0.00005465372,0.000175705,0.0006170369,0.11815112,0.87323356,0.00050834473,0.00104008,0.00009812055],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009342369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000029441678,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1903415,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007540962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015279998,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49346468},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3164172020","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103641","title":"High-speed imaging database of water jet disintegration Part I: Quantitative imaging using liquid laser-induced fluorescence","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"H2020 European Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Danmarks Tekniske Universitet; Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Shadowgraphy; Jet (fluid); Materials science; Body orifice; Turbulence; Rayleigh scattering; Reynolds number; Optics; Laser; Mechanics; Physics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.022613185138628984,"score_gpt":0.2807898303217902,"score_spread":0.25817664518316125,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3164172020","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8773842,0.00017626365,0.119443096,0.0004203331,0.002223969,0.000056503763,0.00024041327,0.000021997987,0.00003325824],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9615955,0.00013283832,0.037726134,0.00005486402,0.0002912083,8.0889794e-7,0.00015945121,0.000033258093,0.0000059764307],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839985,0.000051133495,0.0006896597,0.00015375079,0.0005013822,0.0002042488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99855685,0.000088233246,0.00007778018,0.00014512183,0.0010376436,0.000094340576],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002777805,0.00018531353,0.0002708963,0.00024760354,0.000041893418,0.00008000511,0.0002507182,0.000033186665,0.00014703689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009757897,0.0001518689,0.00016205327,0.00009237253,0.000040248575,0.00070057175,0.000039279344,0.00026535112,0.000006228239],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022698204,0.00011835936,0.00039671216,0.000026896252,0.000166238,0.00052877684,0.0004534247,0.06907133,0.92574406,0.00023999787,0.00010934759,0.0029178585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009801611,0.000023731227,0.00005775056,0.0003241912,0.000033293953,0.00012645459,0.00011887091,0.5969007,0.4011978,0.000030426454,0.000094476534,0.00011214452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000071059345,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039045968,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.52782935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001512054,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000077125515,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.61930335},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3171114255","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103707","title":"Experimental investigation of self-pressurized propellant injection into a simulated rocket motor combustion chamber","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Rocket and propulsion systems research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Injector; Materials science; Propellant; Mechanics; Rocket (weapon); Mass flow rate; Volumetric flow rate; Mass flow; Carbon dioxide; Flow (mathematics); Flashing; Thermodynamics; Aerospace engineering; Physics; Chemistry; Engineering","score_opus":0.019121326893565986,"score_gpt":0.2891587641403482,"score_spread":0.2700374372467822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3171114255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948092,0.00062597694,0.0027849681,0.000075813594,0.0014076949,0.00014128312,0.000015047681,0.000042624844,0.0000973847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936336,0.00005804135,0.0057784417,0.000014458877,0.00035305342,0.0000037727896,0.00003245416,0.000021766129,0.00010436856],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99828,0.00013022742,0.0006356498,0.00010811253,0.00073187804,0.00011412222],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982885,0.000077313496,0.00020077876,0.000102083446,0.001224845,0.000106493775],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029698777,0.00012476266,0.00022800406,0.00027671724,0.00003468083,0.000055162855,0.00015930118,0.00009162221,0.00016788206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012137086,0.00011202037,0.0001195695,0.00015600279,0.00002118488,0.00031734153,0.000047406676,0.00021372343,0.000013121475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00043149895,0.00017163396,0.0011884383,0.00007396158,0.00040271904,0.00017564795,0.0023716325,0.056373186,0.92076385,0.000001383393,0.0007993557,0.017246675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022352922,0.00012437534,0.00032928644,0.00018723807,0.000013772509,0.00024818513,0.00015262768,0.2469946,0.74865407,0.000026263247,0.0009365578,0.0000977392],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031533582,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000041527255,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1906214,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017807534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009034623,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4568058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3197657531","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103809","title":"Modeling the interstitial fluid effect in turbulent disperse slurry flow in a vertical pipe","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Granular flow and fluidized beds","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Slurry; Mechanics; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Fluid dynamics; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.008845185163023784,"score_gpt":0.2459850841017751,"score_spread":0.23713989893875131,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3197657531","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.92414045,0.000895647,0.07195124,0.0007707211,0.0020639144,0.00008240308,0.000009994638,0.000018114059,0.00006750297],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997155,0.00015525742,0.002022839,0.00015761575,0.00046329203,0.0000063779617,0.000012070987,0.000023910568,0.0000036109716],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998436,0.000109982866,0.0005999092,0.00013334151,0.00049112696,0.00022964439],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994091,0.0001641623,0.000022099928,0.00013298698,0.00018078463,0.00009090718],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044721825,0.00017380892,0.00026204786,0.00024663226,0.000023426144,0.000076246164,0.00036753295,0.00008492349,0.000102947975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00029941305,0.00013222474,0.00021604469,0.00015358232,0.000032157808,0.00022564978,0.000052344752,0.00053559453,0.000016678634],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00053791143,0.00019913638,0.0005940203,0.00001841851,0.00014504348,0.003441983,0.0010587163,0.90524,0.07533789,0.00003098541,0.00022512964,0.013170797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003878253,0.000053054682,0.00009637313,0.00027610915,0.000020373098,0.00034692456,0.00009553061,0.9770808,0.017610835,0.00005838279,0.00035244913,0.00013090698],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002374763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00012609789,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.073014565,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002647121,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006275143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5391968},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3215389092","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103902","title":"CFD modeling of the hydrodynamic characteristics of a bubble column in different flow regimes","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Bubble; Mechanics; Turbulence; Computational fluid dynamics; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Inlet; Population; Multiphase flow; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.006911515998311749,"score_gpt":0.21536908364412471,"score_spread":0.20845756764581297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3215389092","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9515836,0.00024440498,0.04643287,0.00011674982,0.0013751246,0.000043582946,0.00007151963,0.000004734384,0.00012740532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950229,0.00018864305,0.004550903,0.000015398897,0.00013364955,0.0000011738547,0.000009237273,0.000017125609,0.00006096324],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987886,0.00002698462,0.00064661517,0.00007194413,0.00035884764,0.00010700169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992148,0.00006823674,0.00017052515,0.00012656846,0.00038359704,0.00003623603],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014208244,0.000104786915,0.00026606134,0.00013707842,0.000012052394,0.000018642673,0.00030128527,0.000049358234,0.000029643894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013967055,0.000083732746,0.0001688502,0.000088222216,0.000021184493,0.00008966563,0.000059564965,0.00021104813,6.139294e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004410354,0.00014302053,0.0016364248,0.00003827642,0.00014707293,0.00006396078,0.00031606897,0.9420446,0.050805666,0.00006771337,0.00003104445,0.004662048],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009906284,0.000016096174,0.0017148198,0.00045356463,0.00001838842,0.00006083955,0.000045830064,0.9920017,0.0044472646,0.00012817238,0.000050359857,0.00007230576],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017069064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000052701413,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04995713,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012430725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006258707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34145224},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4221038802","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104061","title":"Experimental measurements versus linear stability analysis for primary instability of stratified two-phase flows in a square rectangular duct","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Israel Science Foundation; Compute Canada","keywords":"Instability; Stratified flow; Mechanics; Duct (anatomy); Square (algebra); Stratified flows; Two-phase flow; Materials science; Flow (mathematics); Physics; Mathematics; Turbulence; Geometry","score_opus":0.047367754943861945,"score_gpt":0.31923114888635856,"score_spread":0.2718633939424966,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4221038802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98018646,0.0003361437,0.016644835,0.000029592124,0.0018320637,0.00026297077,0.0006130726,0.000015709013,0.00007912332],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823086,0.0000048170996,0.017381553,0.000011076596,0.00010317192,0.000030678973,0.0001390327,0.000018986346,0.0000020598134],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99785656,0.00010309131,0.0008812311,0.00017439107,0.0008256275,0.00015909842],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989966,0.0001425257,0.0002046502,0.00019058467,0.0003887057,0.00007694554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010275946,0.0001567491,0.0003791915,0.00042470676,0.000043382322,0.00002032322,0.00040060276,0.00003648943,0.00023905704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017055837,0.00016602066,0.00037431973,0.0003102931,0.000029526289,0.00019746249,0.000063735955,0.0002581073,3.1835768e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003703398,0.0016124155,0.0027825925,0.000030516163,0.0013227717,0.000039830524,0.00092043995,0.79550284,0.1917599,0.00002052961,0.000020489771,0.0022842865],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.014204693,0.00050776027,0.0008037379,0.000018059687,0.00011282196,0.000007907716,0.00046245396,0.9435737,0.03997174,0.0000336145,0.0001358219,0.00016767794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005374741,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00011688496,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15178816,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008631784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010999337,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6770126},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224006097","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104101","title":"Multiphysics-multiphase modeling of supercooled droplets impinging superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Multiphysics; Materials science; Supercooling; Composite material; Mechanics; Finite element method; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.01807748768257288,"score_gpt":0.2628916720437483,"score_spread":0.2448141843611754,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224006097","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98628736,0.0005800801,0.010560145,0.0004738735,0.0016742983,0.00018254129,0.0001535262,0.00003377751,0.00005437701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98732907,0.00018650002,0.012024813,0.00015740009,0.0001837077,0.00001039537,0.000020589929,0.000034998684,0.000052541098],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967349,0.00034001897,0.0010295152,0.00032412558,0.0012634594,0.0003079633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980159,0.00027719926,0.0004332033,0.00024754065,0.0008215736,0.00020462813],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013223249,0.00024187745,0.000461465,0.000432285,0.00031727113,0.00009788021,0.0007773253,0.000059881102,0.0008147289],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000241328,0.00024215317,0.00022039042,0.00020526137,0.0001611378,0.00059036794,0.00025554473,0.00037449034,0.000010248867],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035719175,0.0003617854,0.0005249039,0.000010437522,0.000054972275,0.00007094808,0.0032610765,0.39008996,0.6041491,0.000035392484,0.000030967694,0.0010532644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003934933,0.00016216411,0.00007938559,0.000060118597,0.00004331224,0.00022912235,0.0025809,0.91106564,0.080372915,0.000080661084,0.0011162101,0.00027462337],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037649408,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000148439885,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5237762,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025641406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002389616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98747194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4283770642","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104173","title":"Numerical studies of gas pull-through and liquid entrainment in gas–liquid flows through multi-branch manifolds","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Entrainment (biomusicology); Mechanics; Turbulence; Inlet; Header; Flow (mathematics); Volume (thermodynamics); Air entrainment; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Meteorology; Geology; Thermodynamics; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.024765802760171214,"score_gpt":0.285354132840558,"score_spread":0.2605883300803868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4283770642","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9665759,0.002491586,0.027620643,0.00051643077,0.0024194976,0.00015594241,0.00005255224,0.00005188061,0.0001155711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97608346,0.0010517559,0.022390852,0.00013120644,0.00025706648,0.000014107362,0.000005517802,0.00005783672,0.000008229498],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980928,0.00006948285,0.00077192707,0.00016163856,0.00065260765,0.0002515921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932456,0.00013856466,0.00017303429,0.00013956554,0.00015397993,0.000070297814],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00034494736,0.00022569737,0.00040505038,0.00019243099,0.000038731632,0.000018835755,0.00042139564,0.000051818923,0.00014169465],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009743438,0.00023368832,0.00013897382,0.00014147116,0.000046245645,0.00031126407,0.00012436538,0.0004492908,0.0000044886788],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006878155,0.00037571762,0.000058920454,0.000057810576,0.0005820025,0.00040185702,0.0054822774,0.9206406,0.06875731,0.00006877708,0.00045795916,0.0024289622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0094347,0.0015669843,0.00025797056,0.00039072067,0.000084840976,0.0012997189,0.0012854184,0.8937608,0.062611885,0.00022852709,0.028398724,0.00067968725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000020082076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008134599,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.027940767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042249024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000027758531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95295334},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4286751271","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104205","title":"Estimation of overall droplet size distribution from a local droplet size distribution for a jet in crossflow: Experiment and multiphase large eddy simulations","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Mechanics; Jet (fluid); Large eddy simulation; Distribution (mathematics); Materials science; Break-Up; Physics; Turbulence; Mathematics","score_opus":0.007130560420805949,"score_gpt":0.2750303392769401,"score_spread":0.26789977885613414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4286751271","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.716044,0.000037400234,0.27886665,0.00031491346,0.0005362362,0.00025912793,0.0039268164,0.00000989304,0.0000049150844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913864,0.000013057726,0.0072326246,0.00011538373,0.00010939222,0.00004476308,0.0010592088,0.000013811834,0.000025364036],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979618,0.000119306605,0.000748475,0.00024799717,0.0007256352,0.00019679657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986053,0.00053991796,0.00051319366,0.000114079354,0.000115601826,0.00011190783],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00045189136,0.0001672894,0.00023401571,0.000045980167,0.00018680982,0.00005269716,0.00020831158,0.00006427716,0.0010992772],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008116256,0.00017113806,0.000142202,0.00014682882,0.00010624919,0.00046774826,0.000140293,0.00020918186,0.0000034968077],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0021045122,0.0019965896,0.009519985,0.000011083356,0.00010284662,0.00004071624,0.0014350828,0.86991537,0.07699534,0.000111026864,0.0013288645,0.03643857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009589928,0.0003669939,0.021935767,0.000043236254,0.000033953333,0.000035872716,0.00033455732,0.9417421,0.018510435,0.00056634,0.0066473265,0.00019345622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00046420118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020034077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.27534235,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009824226,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000044451106,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99981385},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289443998","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104219","title":"Droplet size distribution in swirl nozzles","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; International Fine Particle Research Institute","keywords":"Sauter mean diameter; Nozzle; Body orifice; Mechanics; Log-normal distribution; Materials science; Distribution (mathematics); Work (physics); Thermodynamics; Physics; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.004683720211640849,"score_gpt":0.2149987004340596,"score_spread":0.21031498022241876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4289443998","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9417652,0.00027525352,0.05408485,0.0006191055,0.0024776051,0.00006120808,0.00044802343,0.00002531656,0.0002434429],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99824834,0.00009555213,0.0013234947,0.000059973077,0.00018395865,0.0000050888043,0.000042250424,0.000013410468,0.000027910773],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990807,0.000021893824,0.0003419593,0.000058974412,0.0003867521,0.00010968535],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996806,0.000094256626,0.000027016566,0.00005191942,0.00010042403,0.000045833534],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020767072,0.00007787813,0.00011609131,0.00009185935,0.000029564453,0.000024769259,0.00025565157,0.000022820775,0.0004195172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053604712,0.00008066325,0.000090563866,0.000084506115,0.0000122864285,0.00011734166,0.00002523968,0.00028988114,0.0000047003527],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014854057,0.00022077335,0.0018182142,0.0000069287776,0.00009655923,0.00044333175,0.00027037782,0.9702905,0.014056791,0.0005174047,0.0024066833,0.009723889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0025133484,0.00008591855,0.0068181413,0.000041389343,0.000010240911,0.000248342,0.00008095394,0.96591884,0.0008576677,0.0002338082,0.02304224,0.00014908185],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015236275,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000032529406,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05648317,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00032669617,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000028630837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4593419},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4296625124","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104253","title":"Aggregation of microplastic and biogenic particles in upper-ocean turbulence","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Compute Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Environmental science; Oceanography; Microplastics; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Geology; Physics","score_opus":0.00668063759360239,"score_gpt":0.2195510403693838,"score_spread":0.21287040277578143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4296625124","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960263,0.0001347807,0.0027704602,0.00015341725,0.0007777211,0.000041850697,0.00006945449,0.0000019407735,0.00002411664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99582523,0.000058078393,0.003988185,0.00004221059,0.000060639355,7.916458e-7,0.0000040594296,0.0000046018718,0.00001617309],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902815,0.00005342214,0.00034899914,0.00009403841,0.00038008805,0.0000952856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949074,0.00013490874,0.00025027746,0.000044756867,0.000028905022,0.000050397302],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002872738,0.00006491682,0.00009770394,0.00012636142,0.00003868332,0.000012778228,0.00019272434,0.000016898466,0.0005567481],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017006726,0.000060948605,0.000041551913,0.00010299821,0.00007501292,0.00009726179,0.00012217804,0.00012202934,0.000005272619],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008744185,0.0007158139,0.18515247,0.000009890468,0.00007994573,0.00017284448,0.0015838912,0.425793,0.30365923,0.000105422616,0.0012182326,0.080634855],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0065311133,0.0007997061,0.11601938,0.00017563277,0.000060254355,0.001307182,0.00047068103,0.8126534,0.051389463,0.001556233,0.008661046,0.00037587242],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007852861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000034090423,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38686043,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00013933399,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022530214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6096002},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4299287611","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104282","title":"Modeling of the movement of two immiscible liquids in membrane pores","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Movement (music); Membrane; Chemical engineering; Mechanics; Chemical physics; Chemistry; Physics","score_opus":0.016201988177435726,"score_gpt":0.28215446812250755,"score_spread":0.2659524799450718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4299287611","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957763,0.00005356731,0.002131666,0.00083492114,0.00041946303,0.00009394929,0.000022753133,0.0000046077466,0.0006627936],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99545974,0.000022988042,0.004278731,0.00010745533,0.000022183958,0.0000048398747,0.0000016101096,0.0000055752034,0.000096886324],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9982004,0.00006619381,0.00060348934,0.00009402264,0.0009466322,0.000089232686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936604,0.00004681437,0.00036198398,0.00014687607,0.000057176327,0.000021114294],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005745776,0.000070798036,0.00014403295,0.0001534635,0.000035102443,0.000006639469,0.00087414996,0.000018366998,0.0013558994],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013227203,0.000053677413,0.0001076052,0.00018413718,0.00008450692,0.00015454127,0.00039559335,0.00019539373,0.000002036137],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000118609954,0.00019182102,0.0038491355,0.0000023153557,0.000023581002,0.000010722809,0.00030727044,0.82350624,0.1703218,0.00011399907,0.000083040504,0.0014714507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018785917,0.00012757334,0.00086153444,0.000035912777,0.000008225975,0.000028337336,0.00044246012,0.69885623,0.29621604,0.0012358371,0.00023858427,0.00007064042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00037586768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009881805,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12589425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019923097,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003531193,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999557},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4301401456","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104276","title":"Unsteady cavitation dynamics and frequency lock-in of a freely vibrating hydrofoil at high Reynolds number","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Cavitation Phenomena in Pumps","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Cavitation; Mechanics; Vibration; Reynolds number; Lift (data mining); Physics; Trailing edge; Turbulence; Fluid–structure interaction; Water tunnel; Simple harmonic motion; Vortex; Acoustics; Classical mechanics; Computer science; Finite element method","score_opus":0.004967256092768682,"score_gpt":0.22466595234559267,"score_spread":0.21969869625282398,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4301401456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921131,0.00015502812,0.005367443,0.00023251388,0.0013034709,0.00008419272,0.00021165672,0.00001980838,0.00051279744],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9827305,0.000024150633,0.01692483,0.00004211832,0.00011094568,0.000010169031,0.000060584578,0.000027894735,0.00006877951],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99839437,0.00006037334,0.000712336,0.00011069615,0.00059193507,0.00013031498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99912435,0.00019587588,0.00029838213,0.000090623726,0.00023014964,0.000060642335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003533151,0.0001247459,0.00020333298,0.00032073198,0.000045172816,0.000024700988,0.00025176737,0.000039208917,0.00027954704],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000119260694,0.0001419274,0.00006867303,0.0001666626,0.000033118566,0.00030600902,0.00008164312,0.00027909887,0.000003644852],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015283417,0.00019542704,0.025775796,0.00003957442,0.00020980462,0.00022141448,0.0023945128,0.9174242,0.040143527,0.0015032667,0.00032807092,0.011611593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0047107763,0.00016400416,0.01045602,0.00012471166,0.0000326814,0.00056442746,0.0009145228,0.9765792,0.0036075395,0.0023513536,0.0001999768,0.0002948207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00010948907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00019647092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.059154987,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008811294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000040986975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5787632},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308036919","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104313","title":"Simulation of interfacial deformations for 2D axisymmetric multi-material flows","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Volume of fluid method; Silicone oil; Materials science; Rotational symmetry; Mechanics; Triple point; Drop (telecommunication); Computer simulation; Deformation (meteorology); Computer science; Flow (mathematics); Composite material; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.019482546053857956,"score_gpt":0.27521532761171624,"score_spread":0.2557327815578583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308036919","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.37468052,0.000054783133,0.6209128,0.00004548958,0.0033705437,0.00013229629,0.0007547819,0.000017417484,0.0000313757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97865564,0.000014664161,0.020875115,0.000022687418,0.00029548732,0.000014739289,0.00008824258,0.000021883721,0.000011528039],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987724,0.000021333697,0.0006416815,0.0000643386,0.00038380284,0.000116481686],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992334,0.00014129163,0.000093587805,0.000065819186,0.00041557557,0.00005030604],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025045528,0.00010402055,0.00018304228,0.000525943,0.00006134334,0.000028735054,0.0003012521,0.000036457328,0.00023096189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009072787,0.00010517024,0.00018917257,0.0001241891,0.000012864246,0.00023511883,0.00003054928,0.00015053447,0.000001978506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002669637,0.0001516568,0.00006374304,0.000018378836,0.00015519685,0.0000059615986,0.0004374621,0.9744665,0.014336703,0.00006661877,0.000110440684,0.009920345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026332017,0.00015033271,0.000126098,0.000018178562,0.000026462545,0.000022511445,0.00006238057,0.9907711,0.0024876771,0.000052868196,0.003552684,0.00009646251],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000072858993,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000010848399,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6039751,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019380318,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003843132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4288718},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4308989114","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104319","title":"Numerical pore-scale simulation of propane injection for heavy oil displacement processes","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Canada First Research Excellence Fund; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Materials science; Propane; Scale (ratio); Displacement (psychology); Mechanics; Computer simulation; Environmental science; Thermodynamics; Physics","score_opus":0.01166158322700052,"score_gpt":0.286043131645697,"score_spread":0.2743815484186965,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4308989114","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.255319,0.00019217972,0.74239945,0.00010933044,0.0014271779,0.00014788363,0.0001255062,0.00007574961,0.00020374698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731554,0.00003551653,0.026388776,0.000025503301,0.00021219008,0.000049266244,0.00003329828,0.000023293987,0.00007676813],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998816,0.000022131324,0.0004781164,0.0000830765,0.0005019095,0.00009872913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989827,0.00015751438,0.0002355808,0.00006115606,0.0005243126,0.000038690392],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023181159,0.00009663791,0.00016162048,0.00020870534,0.00003775995,0.000016314105,0.00021241896,0.000027973038,0.00007091827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016948045,0.00009573309,0.00009925374,0.000121694095,0.0000138668875,0.00023658744,0.000025453484,0.00015575987,4.6365335e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005721445,0.00020502775,0.00017381748,0.00008329991,0.00008696776,0.0000070918304,0.00023172297,0.93422943,0.0076432885,0.000004207585,0.00030726727,0.056455713],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012264709,0.00068814313,0.000052467956,0.00009391022,0.000021060046,0.000085914435,0.000076289834,0.8875022,0.1030707,0.00015849424,0.0069036973,0.000120635836],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000051272696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000032117587,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7178364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003017197,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000062738305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39038822},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4310731499","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104343","title":"Two-phase flow pattern identification in CAES systems with dimensional analysis coupled with support vector machine","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Hydro One (Canada); University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Froude number; Reynolds number; Slippage; Mechanics; Flow (mathematics); Dimensionless quantity; Two-phase flow; Phase (matter); Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.0056453187868554106,"score_gpt":0.24111798999652076,"score_spread":0.23547267120966536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4310731499","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8238155,0.0001904069,0.17445554,0.00009084009,0.000940403,0.00012701252,0.00033205806,0.000026850981,0.0000213665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99697196,0.000013959055,0.002400415,0.00003329906,0.0001398018,0.000024007877,0.00033656534,0.00003364191,0.000046335655],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9980526,0.000050403458,0.0006448669,0.00016694701,0.0009111859,0.00017401563],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991249,0.00007649724,0.00024388511,0.00014241823,0.00031803522,0.000094254116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004551163,0.00017439362,0.00030752082,0.00079845404,0.000061564664,0.00007399684,0.0003215309,0.000023782539,0.0002240793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000016855582,0.00014541058,0.000113336275,0.00037458434,0.00002194039,0.00023361573,0.000039651564,0.00032204317,0.0000032714368],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00035938917,0.00028947645,0.005257535,0.000010515001,0.0011723721,0.0009648583,0.00029170723,0.98271996,0.0070880787,0.000012090216,0.00006134617,0.0017726638],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00535437,0.00020298678,0.0024612497,0.000042681662,0.00017079139,0.00041883293,0.000109043154,0.9907717,0.00016199356,0.00000229496,0.00012987327,0.00017415137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023044035,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00044313082,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17315644,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038394288,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000075224365,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59296715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4321367941","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2023.104420","title":"Stochastic ice accretion model using an unstructured advancing front technique","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Icing and De-icing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Office National d'études et de Recherches Aérospatiales; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Mechanics; Accretion (finance); Position (finance); Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics; Geology; Physics; Astrophysics","score_opus":0.021979231341142644,"score_gpt":0.2940477631665228,"score_spread":0.27206853182538016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4321367941","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30425957,0.000017379185,0.6943669,0.00004717618,0.00086073496,0.00005693883,0.00001569405,0.000350608,0.000025043935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8597031,0.000019227551,0.13996644,0.000021823058,0.00023686343,0.0000031964807,0.000011026267,0.000029587542,0.000008681894],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894404,0.000016456203,0.00037082468,0.00010490837,0.00037164244,0.00019213955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993487,0.000056903173,0.00012534467,0.0001314241,0.00027385628,0.00006376984],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029439383,0.00014153896,0.00017687712,0.0005763393,0.000047653542,0.000048600967,0.00037207454,0.00010935881,0.000011757246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00023470329,0.00013360535,0.0000812527,0.0001255747,0.000027564716,0.00038065683,0.00004260599,0.0003111667,0.0000065198187],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000036525547,0.000015072274,0.000014239394,0.0000069257367,0.000049226695,0.000056811623,0.00021263378,0.86851364,0.113428,0.000019006893,0.00017378523,0.017474158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005144621,0.000036998357,0.00003259481,0.00017232908,0.000017143848,0.00021446869,0.00012086442,0.92760056,0.06907118,0.0020614497,0.00003110433,0.00012682148],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011595678,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000073280657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5554436,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023420829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045473713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5448268},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324335359","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2023.104446","title":"A light extinction-based concentration measurement in two phase gas-solid flow","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Optics; Particle (ecology); Extinction (optical mineralogy); Jet (fluid); Phase (matter); Planar; Nephelometry; Mechanics; Environmental science; Computational physics; Physics; Computer science","score_opus":0.02651725468357012,"score_gpt":0.32125654500521345,"score_spread":0.2947392903216433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4324335359","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9165658,0.00015266429,0.077418044,0.0007430294,0.004432645,0.00017387337,0.000043357057,0.00014600932,0.00032459776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939251,0.000059538695,0.0053100516,0.00007682673,0.00054726464,0.000015970612,0.000025129319,0.00003335316,0.0000067799774],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9977346,0.000060042923,0.0007732002,0.00014125383,0.0010208994,0.0002699745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988848,0.000102414684,0.00013345377,0.00014091253,0.00060575735,0.00013266993],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008478506,0.00017489259,0.00021819229,0.00042245255,0.000030407338,0.000075146025,0.00034658855,0.000050174534,0.00012381928],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035407985,0.0001804827,0.0001371362,0.000311986,0.000020110612,0.0003170177,0.000019562922,0.0002842232,0.00008623458],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019498091,0.00023742787,0.0005285938,0.000008561161,0.00011210676,0.00036471078,0.00023865237,0.79971725,0.17148507,0.000014755922,0.0008927242,0.026205158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008561325,0.000062938685,0.0002632687,0.00014599501,0.000016547614,0.00003843385,0.000030884075,0.9561739,0.032616433,0.00009181346,0.0018411726,0.00015728119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000058533033,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007318076,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15645665,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007173831,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000110113746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.73598707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4378418197","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2023.104524","title":"Hydrodynamic force and torque fluctuations in a random array of polydisperse stationary spheres","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"SPHERES; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Drag; Immersed boundary method; Physics; Statistical physics; Octree; Hard spheres; Classical mechanics; Torque; Inertia; Grid; Computer science; Boundary (topology); Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Geometry; Algorithm","score_opus":0.010448943271626134,"score_gpt":0.2761630195820611,"score_spread":0.2657140763104349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4378418197","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97786844,0.00032449455,0.020561954,0.00020755609,0.0005861215,0.00009795443,0.000064630534,0.00003394325,0.0002548829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948715,0.0002010094,0.0046492754,0.000017277058,0.00011764394,0.0000041333174,0.00001713682,0.000016044922,0.00010595458],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998947,0.000026483125,0.0005106261,0.000072979274,0.00034147178,0.0001013973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991142,0.0003989678,0.00012285232,0.000060576163,0.00026015175,0.000043257405],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019437772,0.000097132885,0.00019313266,0.00039534326,0.000017021152,0.00001806267,0.00013250436,0.00003492948,0.000059665468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002555097,0.0000911408,0.000067873785,0.00017533703,0.00004439386,0.00030802772,0.000021325217,0.00011078697,0.000008053553],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017442997,0.00004503914,0.0054447753,0.000022117358,0.00024393287,0.000054173423,0.002387611,0.9622332,0.024553953,0.0000784951,0.00024195023,0.004520361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005998981,0.00003741845,0.028829396,0.0001511804,0.000026332144,0.00003609561,0.0014052349,0.9606279,0.0015377887,0.00086262956,0.00034853627,0.00013850903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000153455,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009924511,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02338462,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000077662124,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035954257,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3716614},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386376752","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2023.104603","title":"Physics-informed neural network for modeling force and torque fluctuations in a random array of bidisperse spheres","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Physics; Torque; Binary number; Superposition principle; Statistical physics; SPHERES; Pairwise comparison; Reynolds number; Representation (politics); Range (aeronautics); Classical mechanics; Mechanics; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.028261742987662503,"score_gpt":0.31375050991970177,"score_spread":0.2854887669320393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386376752","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.66917586,0.00004821351,0.3294268,0.0002562572,0.00077559863,0.00016487112,0.00004503671,0.0000072446796,0.00010012392],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916128,0.000031728003,0.0068284855,0.00002865543,0.00133597,0.000012241413,0.00003933988,0.000011384391,0.00009939717],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99909675,0.000022400925,0.00045000718,0.000091045345,0.00019575555,0.00014405012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999206,0.00020188795,0.00022033282,0.00005508929,0.00025705172,0.000059640457],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015322819,0.00009777823,0.00020001268,0.00009638229,0.000039092214,0.00003059248,0.00013718562,0.000025633562,0.000055166216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036752022,0.000085029205,0.00015871029,0.00012318374,0.000027713058,0.0002591162,0.000019126337,0.00012384205,0.0000010747065],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00048618237,0.000053015207,0.0018491511,0.0000057371967,0.000098251185,0.0000020095988,0.0003314767,0.97084403,0.0019086966,0.000598276,0.00050791906,0.023315253],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042246967,0.000039502527,0.00009062985,0.00008574498,0.000016617962,0.000003958723,0.0003960366,0.9902509,0.0007740825,0.0038921633,0.00014866824,0.00007702455],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000033512206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021343134,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3225983,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000022187809,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007215314,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34673902},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390531944","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104720","title":"Hydrodynamic force interaction of two fixed spheres in a wall-bounded linear shear flow","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"University of British Columbia; Mitacs; Compute Canada","keywords":"SPHERES; Physics; Reynolds number; Lift (data mining); Drag coefficient; Vorticity; Bounded function; Unit sphere; Drag; Mechanics; Classical mechanics; Geometry; Mathematical analysis; Vortex; Mathematics; Turbulence","score_opus":0.013322651153836466,"score_gpt":0.3071954836257351,"score_spread":0.29387283247189866,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390531944","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9248536,0.0004660321,0.07032663,0.0001331507,0.0037276184,0.000093368384,0.000042971227,0.000065843305,0.00029075163],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.969957,0.00010291894,0.029408865,0.000024766881,0.0003787695,0.0000046982527,0.000022178016,0.000043791453,0.00005703076],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998279,0.00004417805,0.0008340676,0.00014533463,0.00050040224,0.00019701227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992261,0.0002338304,0.00009765014,0.00013856753,0.00022306382,0.00008080074],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00028417108,0.00017691404,0.00026224845,0.00048537104,0.000012753026,0.000071165625,0.00039590715,0.000074972566,0.00020038517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016231605,0.00017434517,0.00020059898,0.00020622644,0.000041941104,0.0005538766,0.000040630348,0.00047373123,0.00003645669],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016178549,0.000110583525,0.00047766103,0.00004622117,0.00029626727,0.00035446542,0.0004983502,0.90111554,0.08021568,0.00013292198,0.00015663,0.016433878],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001642674,0.000062185296,0.00012772702,0.00052275014,0.000025286377,0.00022237739,0.00008436305,0.990151,0.005801641,0.00053536484,0.00068012247,0.00014451814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005757861,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002772372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08903543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004850302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006456933,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.710959},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391179833","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104734","title":"Inertial particle clustering due to turbulence in an air jet","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Stokes number; Turbulence; Mechanics; Reynolds number; Particle (ecology); Jet (fluid); Physics; Particle number; Computational physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","score_opus":0.014800356536165231,"score_gpt":0.2958634059780194,"score_spread":0.2810630494418542,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391179833","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9439549,0.00028718903,0.05189731,0.0004130474,0.0032187705,0.00006319233,0.000023597884,0.00007989331,0.00006210254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98788476,0.000024318451,0.011332478,0.00011592452,0.000593585,0.000006086677,0.0000029188113,0.00002959856,0.00001030903],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878025,0.000028499739,0.00048300016,0.00012984057,0.000373971,0.0002044358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99947774,0.000084245585,0.000025024221,0.00011664389,0.00013342491,0.00016292107],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032019426,0.00012681927,0.00015471094,0.00027664177,0.000012155097,0.00010316255,0.00041839422,0.000046603403,0.00004740555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000120299366,0.000121073586,0.00007124797,0.00018240351,0.000017672583,0.0005837481,0.00005344107,0.0002648694,0.000057214536],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008622569,0.00006745757,0.0007710049,0.000011861231,0.000052974123,0.0015140979,0.0010625882,0.87209266,0.08727526,0.00004772854,0.00016669113,0.036851436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00059873215,0.00006600006,0.002120698,0.00019950775,0.0000054687966,0.00020592284,0.00003982808,0.98649776,0.009175177,0.000052527026,0.0009086364,0.00012973908],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000012642586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001618841,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11440508,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00026055047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032641274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.49372375},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391849201","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104763","title":"Development of a smart multiphase system for disperse flows using machine learning","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Materials science; Multiphase flow; Artificial intelligence; Mechanics; Physics","score_opus":0.01673128236281788,"score_gpt":0.26738455945517525,"score_spread":0.25065327709235735,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391849201","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.47928137,0.00091649516,0.5168826,0.00001367074,0.0026645155,0.000091771275,0.00006468226,0.000052274976,0.00003260726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7540482,0.00002348937,0.24556951,0.0000038077906,0.0002704701,0.000003832998,0.000017855758,0.000037686335,0.000025139085],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99867666,0.000014828055,0.0007002919,0.00010951136,0.00034088446,0.00015785605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934036,0.00011763165,0.00010592545,0.000060289534,0.0002911078,0.00008467554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040112183,0.00015550233,0.00023095064,0.00037541665,0.000045016634,0.00007091642,0.0002196335,0.00005451225,0.000017997694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000795703,0.00014045063,0.0002009957,0.00008241595,0.0000128719275,0.00020703694,0.000030746753,0.00020806317,0.000003707326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00015119847,0.000063045336,0.00009489127,0.00030233798,0.00062744354,0.00017685439,0.0013481204,0.6777979,0.27741212,0.000118307966,0.000027975351,0.04187977],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013221768,0.000034966986,0.0000065316026,0.00089980994,0.000042877375,0.00019528493,0.00016317378,0.9716156,0.016471887,0.000003867521,0.009110848,0.00013296164],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000011897062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000033355747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29381767,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003602079,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000096676056,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5727411},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392203718","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104785","title":"Synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast imaging of ultrasonic drop atomization","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; McGill University; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Drop (telecommunication); Cavitation; Bubble; Mechanics; Materials science; Surface tension; Ultrasonic sensor; Weber number; Drop impact; Inviscid flow; Amplitude; Synchrotron; Optics; Splash; Physics; Thermodynamics; Acoustics","score_opus":0.0036476315509640345,"score_gpt":0.24371790440910018,"score_spread":0.24007027285813615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392203718","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.41011447,0.0021194855,0.5850359,0.0001412482,0.0022023572,0.00006631052,0.000080249134,0.00006086124,0.00017909738],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99305904,0.0005358239,0.0058227675,0.000018693563,0.0004566061,0.0000019001359,0.00003946714,0.000040949893,0.000024760804],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873424,0.000018294946,0.00057916844,0.00010467427,0.00039999702,0.00016360809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99931717,0.000115014496,0.000102103884,0.00008452487,0.00031202214,0.00006914894],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023749085,0.0001458082,0.00020189735,0.00040164802,0.000017083126,0.00009027509,0.00028717204,0.000048102047,0.000067143286],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006052998,0.00013806002,0.00018236213,0.00014792739,0.0000325486,0.00037242976,0.000013051501,0.00026111287,0.000007557898],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000093866,0.000147581,0.00024823175,0.000050683193,0.00051286357,0.00023075328,0.00023775912,0.49228194,0.4423942,0.0007216936,0.00040053765,0.0626799],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016635506,0.00005669917,0.000076278295,0.0002704185,0.000047233152,0.00020348647,0.00001483221,0.98983884,0.006701298,0.00015871415,0.0008474046,0.00012123037],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000058493897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000057150023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5829446,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027804784,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007126526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5629924},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401560940","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104956","title":"Dispersion of particles in a sessile droplet evaporating on a heated substrate","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Materials science; Dispersion (optics); Sessile drop technique; Substrate (aquarium); Wetting; Mechanics; Composite material; Optics; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.013896583094451248,"score_gpt":0.268610205736975,"score_spread":0.2547136226425238,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401560940","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99713105,0.00036768249,0.0012097587,0.00019396482,0.0009248139,0.00003418376,0.000020836938,0.000070845716,0.000046848345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958602,0.000092637645,0.0039320276,0.0000058678174,0.0000904329,0.0000014906425,0.0000029257685,0.000010928408,0.000003484191],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992689,0.000016470602,0.0003811735,0.00006009062,0.00018893326,0.000084433945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997242,0.0000765597,0.000051940664,0.000053064894,0.00007379738,0.000020405761],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022789079,0.00007461484,0.00012910934,0.00024553557,0.0000072127195,0.000051903156,0.00016793133,0.000042406868,0.000040023],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000086644766,0.000060391856,0.00005765981,0.00010179594,0.00001872336,0.00013933767,0.000018218587,0.00012660817,0.0000057942766],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000116079194,0.00008546615,0.0014235547,0.0000556979,0.00010163676,0.00040939162,0.00034464485,0.16625197,0.77741927,0.00019251551,0.00019834864,0.053401448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006124351,0.00008665373,0.0010562061,0.0008575886,0.0000070882343,0.00004703362,0.00007967042,0.40443453,0.5921112,0.00034175575,0.00028902083,0.00007686069],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013926772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009347252,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23818256,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005773239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000194154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24627084},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402828681","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.105010","title":"On the termination of an emerging droplet from a capillary tube over a flat surface by a wetting slug: A one-dimensional quasistatic model and CFD analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Quasistatic process; Wetting; Mechanics; Slug; Capillary action; Tube (container); Computational fluid dynamics; Materials science; Surface (topology); Geology; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geometry; Composite material; Mathematics","score_opus":0.009611389163309043,"score_gpt":0.25572919960330637,"score_spread":0.24611781043999734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402828681","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9057514,0.00068282086,0.092491545,0.0004272195,0.000235688,0.000056980673,0.00031381188,0.000019517645,0.00002102356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921018,0.00007466674,0.0075644716,0.00008273867,0.00007040038,0.0000016982447,0.000064904285,0.00002464748,0.0000147020055],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99868953,0.00003881274,0.00045909223,0.00014022567,0.0005613871,0.00011094808],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992798,0.00034616957,0.00004887838,0.00009529289,0.00016034397,0.00006950271],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00029661585,0.00014081286,0.00022357714,0.00028195794,0.00003693874,0.00008555048,0.00016817365,0.00005193133,0.00007024243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003765611,0.00011049086,0.00016141668,0.00015160677,0.000028540888,0.00025331334,0.0000134772845,0.00023640422,0.0000013399832],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007228097,0.00006858301,0.0001255382,0.000019535673,0.0012378534,0.000056513396,0.0010235002,0.8362714,0.15801165,0.0002282204,0.00021438695,0.0026705433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005683046,0.000046661477,0.00030813547,0.00020142285,0.00023759708,0.000014050035,0.00004875867,0.9956506,0.0023106653,0.00047574512,0.000028272036,0.00010980292],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000109495435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009366861,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15937918,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000093543385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000033789118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45056865},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403524226","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.105035","title":"Lattice Boltzmann modeling of forced imbibition dynamics in dual-wetted porous media","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; China University of Petroleum, Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Porous medium; Porosity; Dual (grammatical number); Mechanics; Materials science; Dynamics (music); Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.01920092697732927,"score_gpt":0.28298902045999835,"score_spread":0.2637880934826691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403524226","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.86718476,0.0013834181,0.12698533,0.0004270092,0.0029982086,0.00010535588,0.00011257524,0.000092989,0.0007103318],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99192095,0.00018240113,0.007366833,0.000032322092,0.00040291078,0.0000025606214,0.00003625579,0.000035183442,0.000020557056],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99826443,0.00002699567,0.00085059425,0.000115130795,0.00059101376,0.00015182424],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99889445,0.00033396503,0.00011176181,0.00008774184,0.0005161022,0.000055978664],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036217456,0.00015343528,0.00026210208,0.00067120144,0.000015498268,0.000055749744,0.00015532477,0.00007964599,0.00003765805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002233778,0.00014643242,0.00013026866,0.00021212544,0.000027157468,0.0005284531,0.000037015376,0.0002975571,0.000010771912],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008552695,0.00005589063,0.00025311296,0.0000555378,0.00030404105,0.00043322676,0.0011374187,0.9899186,0.0015474706,0.00053486845,0.00016039697,0.005513943],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001307613,0.000024058725,0.00022997319,0.0004342502,0.000042100484,0.00012682163,0.00030512325,0.99595916,0.00054264313,0.0007741608,0.0001250948,0.00012902322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000023163824,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010498714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12473619,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00043718706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004262069,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.59713405},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403679920","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.105018","title":"Exposure of fractal aggregates to accelerating flows at finite Reynolds numbers","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Compute Canada; Université de Lorraine","keywords":"Reynolds number; Mechanics; Fractal; Statistical physics; Materials science; Physics; Mathematics; Turbulence; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.014408412002892522,"score_gpt":0.27361862056142566,"score_spread":0.25921020855853316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403679920","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97758114,0.0010912397,0.016083684,0.00024785814,0.0041084685,0.000081165796,0.0001161794,0.00007963453,0.0006106478],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96810246,0.000099730256,0.030963695,0.00005194721,0.0006210921,0.0000045854367,0.000011492525,0.000044289598,0.00010069508],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983288,0.000024938292,0.0007230766,0.00013642946,0.0005892334,0.00019749864],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989635,0.00033825648,0.000092744274,0.00013816381,0.0003228614,0.00014449054],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00030782569,0.00017225045,0.00022886922,0.00034320218,0.000026601394,0.000099699086,0.00045300898,0.00008272037,0.00024592684],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035006768,0.00016546072,0.00019603863,0.00018243855,0.000024775823,0.0003929487,0.00008398157,0.00029423024,0.000075301316],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011029537,0.00005815991,0.0010707184,0.000040138806,0.00044739913,0.0005304424,0.0012960179,0.7999356,0.14619295,0.00007336107,0.0019307071,0.048314217],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00067822955,0.00008112119,0.00025187072,0.00044984726,0.000025113093,0.00020081352,0.000047572867,0.9669803,0.024683366,0.00006479914,0.006375948,0.00016106991],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007655899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002583602,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.16704465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030410898,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042717355,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6747292},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404006859","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.105043","title":"Thin liquid film stability in the presence of bottom topography and surfactant","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Materials science; Stability (learning theory); Thin film; Mechanics; Nanotechnology; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.009948739657449525,"score_gpt":0.24334007041704964,"score_spread":0.2333913307596001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404006859","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99275285,0.0018971951,0.0034582925,0.0003433494,0.0012080913,0.00005715959,0.000073495044,0.000012533411,0.00019704331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99682885,0.0003864629,0.0026679032,0.00002194852,0.00007867978,0.0000012366161,0.0000028178479,0.0000077432505,0.000004369722],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99912816,0.000035620684,0.00035062,0.0000688698,0.00033800513,0.00007870643],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994495,0.00028976638,0.000038241407,0.00008090457,0.00011092842,0.000030662864],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059236615,0.0000766279,0.00011275592,0.00016446934,0.00000910874,0.000057495927,0.0002802371,0.00003633055,0.000039238672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009740813,0.00005247043,0.000084874504,0.0001058322,0.000045440982,0.00019060662,0.000022960048,0.00027899633,8.092055e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014401764,0.001051431,0.021098463,0.0006587251,0.0017068686,0.0024771744,0.040528104,0.6855358,0.19858207,0.008474313,0.0038423175,0.034604553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00039988017,0.00009081791,0.0024961208,0.00019650895,0.000009918967,0.000090111374,0.00018072652,0.99152535,0.0032791528,0.00048083323,0.0011817361,0.00006884901],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000036500667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029942437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30598953,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002831446,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000022924543,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2139682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405632470","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.105111","title":"Correlations for aerodynamic force coefficients of non-spherical particles in compressible flows","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Aerodynamics; Aerodynamic force; Mechanics; Compressibility; Materials science; Compressible flow; Physics; Classical mechanics","score_opus":0.013307458215658666,"score_gpt":0.2957869274306945,"score_spread":0.28247946921503586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405632470","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.59722143,0.00027149374,0.40044117,0.00004404059,0.0017585263,0.00009924959,0.000073995194,0.00002366989,0.00006646406],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95845217,0.000034384128,0.04126581,0.000010969561,0.00015417364,0.000012187729,0.000014040229,0.000027491771,0.000028748105],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987001,0.000018573102,0.00066796027,0.000104776074,0.00033563207,0.0001729656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99917006,0.00035804356,0.00006926511,0.00009749337,0.00023504347,0.00007006646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027439263,0.00011597637,0.0002045108,0.00023625119,0.000015771404,0.0000464315,0.00031916957,0.000060124738,0.000029395034],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014108236,0.00011234108,0.00014873815,0.0001876103,0.000038118134,0.00024821758,0.00002822897,0.0001976301,0.000009707961],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000085403815,0.0001402097,0.0010155865,0.000035065215,0.00013154684,0.000046757392,0.00031791514,0.90585726,0.078672506,0.0001609753,0.00033509717,0.013201639],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014544239,0.000056436515,0.0016239951,0.00028285713,0.000022632888,0.000036660604,0.00003490994,0.99267346,0.0031581812,0.00021982571,0.0003375141,0.00009911198],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000054250995,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003456673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3612308,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018284225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004947032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4581136},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406159982","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105131","title":"A physics-inspired neural network to model higher order hydrodynamic interactions in heterogeneous suspensions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Compute Canada","keywords":"Artificial neural network; Order (exchange); Statistical physics; Physics; Mechanics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.02304846118374327,"score_gpt":0.3118927342377788,"score_spread":0.28884427305403554,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406159982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7895824,0.00026206844,0.20038751,0.0021004248,0.0059300447,0.00023031612,0.000028545395,0.000103886545,0.0013748528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98508257,0.000019658542,0.013465891,0.00058334135,0.0004069506,0.000009200725,0.000006962021,0.000024518698,0.0004009367],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877167,0.000027411159,0.00057338015,0.00013104391,0.00029233765,0.00020417882],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990425,0.00016785768,0.000088914065,0.00013159092,0.00049472967,0.00007440499],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010034282,0.00017001636,0.00025065732,0.0003219051,0.000046020967,0.00005616717,0.00028817728,0.000035225185,0.000041700252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008120745,0.00016542988,0.00012677506,0.00032309993,0.000020438281,0.00028115822,0.00008438613,0.00027224727,0.000019050396],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009991162,0.00009128309,0.00080947496,0.0000039840097,0.00026542772,0.000077063385,0.00018668264,0.9897835,0.0012589417,0.00009556405,0.0023700446,0.00495811],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013060424,0.000014615227,0.0010744024,0.0001369408,0.000027653521,0.00001965783,0.000013633857,0.9946178,0.00015096513,0.00065816264,0.0018485431,0.0001315861],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000010524262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017235025,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19550018,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00030953786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045941804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67460346},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407024205","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105149","title":"Flow-induced vibration of flexible tapering hydrofoils with and without sheet cavitation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Shared Hierarchical Academic Research Computing Network; Mitacs; Transport Canada","keywords":"Tapering; Cavitation; Materials science; Mechanics; Vibration; Flow (mathematics); Vortex-induced vibration; Acoustics; Computer science; Physics","score_opus":0.0073192570767953635,"score_gpt":0.2594267517639016,"score_spread":0.25210749468710625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407024205","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.56426257,0.0001256487,0.43459308,0.00016875497,0.0003541146,0.00004884117,0.000009348656,0.000018436682,0.00041921582],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96342367,0.000060643266,0.036293406,0.000051638017,0.000070824775,0.0000028668956,0.000015326847,0.000011603103,0.0000700007],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991311,0.000017673337,0.00041062312,0.000083194915,0.00027966293,0.000077746736],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993331,0.000043507127,0.00012476667,0.000072793235,0.00037919302,0.000046656052],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015102696,0.00010409774,0.00018066769,0.00041710224,0.00002606204,0.000062306826,0.00012572284,0.000045412686,0.000036930705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037443475,0.000091437665,0.00006170784,0.00015802219,0.000020232646,0.00036364014,0.000014733319,0.000108969274,0.0000010704208],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001920105,0.00006003296,0.0021267382,0.000026411892,0.00058777706,0.00000952918,0.00046154545,0.8369935,0.1217979,0.00044105604,0.000089634224,0.03721385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013164731,0.000059252507,0.0018905954,0.00014549727,0.00005440275,0.000018663943,0.000087809094,0.97215116,0.024001362,0.00005620851,0.0001357891,0.00008280833],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000015473513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002190777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39916113,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066339046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000043605156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.372872},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4409195287","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105230","title":"Unlocking the dynamics of complex instability mechanisms in developing gravity-driven slug flows","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Instability; Slug; Dynamics (music); Mechanics; Slug flow; Geology; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Two-phase flow; Paleontology","score_opus":0.013175059637078837,"score_gpt":0.26622115386788275,"score_spread":0.25304609423080393,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4409195287","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.39659813,0.00006741417,0.601114,0.0006020006,0.0012513426,0.00008141662,0.000031430594,0.000012978304,0.00024134673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.944289,0.00006065457,0.05548323,0.00008274315,0.00004662342,0.000002132852,0.00001285286,0.000011321269,0.000011395625],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878913,0.000040303268,0.000647798,0.00008682584,0.00030012403,0.0001358456],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99921995,0.00017761803,0.00012477154,0.00011612907,0.0003335143,0.000028009174],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00044363187,0.00011929372,0.00022164367,0.00032431076,0.000033423446,0.0000360366,0.0005076451,0.00005460001,0.000016613993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013447221,0.00009866243,0.00011513349,0.00019009112,0.000031225714,0.00013361807,0.00008115047,0.00027072598,9.71001e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000722052,0.00009151168,0.002473122,0.000053562388,0.00025114868,0.000050122915,0.00042417974,0.91854763,0.023338256,0.027601847,0.00006729966,0.027029125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009638117,0.00001269522,0.0035603258,0.00027583342,0.0000114316135,0.00001978277,0.000118802345,0.9894852,0.0014194087,0.003594508,0.00045158202,0.000086600936],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004593229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00081416155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5476909,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047221538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000092429604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4023337},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4411919503","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105350","title":"Slug-to-churn or churn-to-slug: revisiting the flow patterns transition debate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance; Ontario Ministry of Food and Agriculture; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Slug; Slug flow; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Geology; Two-phase flow; Physics","score_opus":0.010613166438596795,"score_gpt":0.2719452634222728,"score_spread":0.26133209698367604,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4411919503","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20579778,0.00017483441,0.78710467,0.0043552113,0.0016777804,0.00015490434,0.00006409102,0.00004376527,0.000626994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892398,0.00017439916,0.008116284,0.0012150059,0.0010437137,0.0000085857955,0.000012899622,0.000029025901,0.00016026778],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998492,0.000043930693,0.0006318607,0.00014352174,0.0004722017,0.00021647917],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998977,0.00020778943,0.000101643716,0.00014416216,0.0004209369,0.0001484594],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00042702464,0.00019650579,0.00025875427,0.00027404152,0.00007118502,0.00014633586,0.0006104223,0.00006580972,0.0003304304],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021517549,0.0001281838,0.00019748551,0.00023153989,0.0000149985435,0.00020622622,0.000045129207,0.00034103615,0.000038211238],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003406744,0.000048746697,0.000020783436,0.000069106565,0.00037731355,0.00023932284,0.0005391052,0.80905706,0.003792281,0.00012008756,0.00025672902,0.18513879],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011894444,0.0000550202,0.0003719791,0.00072484574,0.00005427703,0.0001511981,0.00009826035,0.98263425,0.0008867616,0.00020723957,0.013457139,0.00016961625],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000968734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000021500562,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.783442,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014641583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045374985,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52271837},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412427346","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105345","title":"Viscous droplets impact on rough surfaces","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Materials science; Mechanics; Rough surface; Composite material; Physics","score_opus":0.00589819795216915,"score_gpt":0.28017181373582944,"score_spread":0.2742736157836603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412427346","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9428437,0.00044247633,0.05009407,0.00058687245,0.0031643305,0.000058653204,0.00007843474,0.00003784,0.0026936189],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99738735,0.0002419255,0.0018906887,0.00013219212,0.00020404233,0.0000010010475,0.0000072206594,0.000014870034,0.000120681936],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991584,0.000012368388,0.00032534494,0.00006948416,0.00030828483,0.00012613187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999531,0.00008854683,0.000025005043,0.0000800639,0.00021519554,0.00006023427],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012375163,0.00012742775,0.00016587295,0.00026134666,0.000021248792,0.000064752974,0.00028342122,0.00005243181,0.00013326407],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000027304952,0.00010029434,0.00017942765,0.00007253261,0.000016275426,0.00014200862,0.0000101711785,0.00021921746,0.00001922392],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018670787,0.00011880982,0.0006150922,0.0000087142735,0.00044083752,0.00016436243,0.00009856011,0.9688157,0.01057259,0.00033662448,0.004182046,0.014459979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018796934,0.00011507309,0.0047816187,0.00019885729,0.000022491267,0.00005233072,0.000010930627,0.9850715,0.0032301005,0.0002438022,0.0042714262,0.00012220546],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017202234,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011057637,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054543678,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00018852644,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048572158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40898845},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413042705","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105382","title":"Self-sorting of bidisperse particles in evaporating sessile droplets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Sorting; Materials science; Sessile drop technique; Evaporation; Mechanics; Wetting; Physics; Thermodynamics; Computer science; Composite material","score_opus":0.007972845979065116,"score_gpt":0.26583057629067425,"score_spread":0.25785773031160913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413042705","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99430394,0.0002793571,0.0040430375,0.00014280959,0.0008980497,0.00004171273,0.000005986703,0.00006699766,0.00021811026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9552763,0.00007806637,0.044559132,0.000010727709,0.00006202176,0.0000017633331,9.613934e-7,0.000007052818,0.000003989773],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99908304,0.000019377128,0.0005795075,0.00005663015,0.000160665,0.00010078585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995196,0.000086829226,0.00015022962,0.00007163683,0.00015481781,0.000016884644],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031967202,0.00007613875,0.00017036624,0.0002879358,0.000011851547,0.000030073277,0.00026613293,0.00004877476,0.000018991253],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030577026,0.000069368645,0.00005952674,0.00012312298,0.000018640338,0.0001449376,0.0000469813,0.00011226051,0.0000016511534],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000095925636,0.00025503678,0.034539923,0.0001502697,0.0003265347,0.0001989497,0.00084330945,0.1777627,0.66620153,0.0006907513,0.00026795047,0.11866709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015283244,0.00003259657,0.0030013581,0.00053606293,0.0000173436,0.000025454872,0.00029124893,0.41194594,0.5810032,0.00078954536,0.0007170724,0.00011187206],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000013010032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001277448,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23418324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006505921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003307112,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28287715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413422037","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105414","title":"A parametric study of turbulence modulation in high-Reynolds-number, particle-laden flow in a vertical pipe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Turbulence; Reynolds number; Reynolds decomposition; Mechanics; Parametric statistics; Physics; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence kinetic energy; Meteorology; Reynolds equation; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.011386015980555938,"score_gpt":0.2868393316391129,"score_spread":0.27545331565855696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413422037","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98875576,0.000104102764,0.009623423,0.00012305279,0.0011194079,0.00019468418,0.000010152407,0.000021387037,0.00004804758],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99456966,0.00004078397,0.0052633127,0.000022891327,0.00006549171,0.000012964343,0.0000025690604,0.000014967553,0.0000073332267],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979147,0.00009421693,0.0010439137,0.00015531025,0.0005734717,0.00021840057],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99908495,0.00033295943,0.000082154904,0.00017739681,0.0002550506,0.000067476445],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048033617,0.00015122407,0.00032216808,0.00065757585,0.0000114486065,0.000034407793,0.00045314486,0.00008366355,0.000029805993],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00070291996,0.00015575848,0.00007477177,0.0007635489,0.00003603546,0.00031519425,0.00006136046,0.00036311673,0.000008578365],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027578953,0.0011581647,0.14489925,0.000013825663,0.0001264025,0.00020586503,0.0005288006,0.83508307,0.005829582,0.00009728711,0.000030928808,0.0117510585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0051146005,0.00007828994,0.12815087,0.00016333112,0.00001856482,0.00001716652,0.00010263789,0.86366713,0.002227554,0.00034874378,0.000009051381,0.00010204643],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001005598,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00020438338,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.028584097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00039994298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000051396833,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6351646},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414244754","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105430","title":"Elongated bubble centring and high-viscosity liquids in horizontal gas-liquid slug flow: Empirical analyses and novel theory","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Centring; Slug; Slug flow; Bubble; Flow (mathematics); Wedge (geometry); Reversing; Boundary layer","score_opus":0.0144030990091523,"score_gpt":0.30526041183677904,"score_spread":0.2908573128276267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414244754","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.81864893,0.0008702811,0.17927197,0.00019182463,0.00079530396,0.00005332136,0.000032092787,0.00002172121,0.00011452795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98897636,0.00037587894,0.010377572,0.00007245902,0.00015142398,0.0000016578233,0.00001078165,0.000015193259,0.000018687619],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99894345,0.0000345476,0.00046219863,0.00014317964,0.00023749187,0.00017910548],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994201,0.00018148925,0.00006315087,0.000073821095,0.00016676034,0.000094677],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003785447,0.00015900505,0.00025847432,0.00047708242,0.000039544313,0.00008410596,0.00018957611,0.0000800251,0.000016458525],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015435029,0.00014801786,0.0000725901,0.00014087763,0.000043800843,0.00025517898,0.00008732834,0.00030493212,7.5734187e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0025995297,0.00059202657,0.010107296,0.00010088724,0.0015568762,0.0008430539,0.0011846508,0.33996448,0.59541094,0.002703059,0.00042146287,0.044515733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003876095,0.00012034573,0.0042690034,0.0003638263,0.00005315895,0.00014846842,0.000104147904,0.97109586,0.019135375,0.00033538308,0.0003054253,0.00019291807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048093232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007452456,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6311314,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017925123,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045819485,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6035993},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414397119","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105438","title":"Predictive model for bubble size distribution in a vertical pipe","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Mitacs; General Electric","keywords":"Bubble; Sauter mean diameter; Coalescence (physics); Breakup; Turbulence; Computation; Flow (mathematics); Population; Multiphase flow","score_opus":0.006254738801486084,"score_gpt":0.25756041685717984,"score_spread":0.25130567805569376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414397119","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.19499332,0.00009972755,0.80356276,0.00020847228,0.0008310069,0.00006961175,0.00010293922,0.0000130831795,0.000119094395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98952633,0.000040771785,0.010196712,0.000046965684,0.00010343008,0.000008259177,0.000017618118,0.0000077293225,0.000052170635],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9993552,0.000006466524,0.00031144565,0.00006193951,0.00015607639,0.000108866276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99949133,0.00015898579,0.00002279286,0.000042624513,0.0002469429,0.0000373382],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015330473,0.00007191768,0.000115147915,0.00007953193,0.00001363966,0.000026852595,0.00016101619,0.000048570328,0.000005017927],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003307746,0.00007029168,0.00008529464,0.000057988902,0.000010437681,0.00014138769,0.000017660801,0.00013443913,7.623829e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002837099,0.00009396512,0.00027038922,0.000012102176,0.00010634094,0.000017755447,0.00011134875,0.9801304,0.0125228,0.0008767327,0.00098366,0.004590825],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002125763,0.000026598258,0.00056235614,0.00012841503,0.000014008716,0.00000822879,0.000014610779,0.9930168,0.002208744,0.0013856222,0.00045362356,0.00005522418],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000035010914,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000013557058,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.794533,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028891012,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000057446967,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.28664115},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414825382","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105469","title":"Effect of external forcing scheme on liquid–liquid dispersion in sustained homogeneous isotropic turbulence","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; University of Alberta","keywords":"Turbulence; Vorticity; Lattice Boltzmann methods; Isotropy; Dissipation; Reynolds number; Dispersion (optics); Direct numerical simulation; Turbulence kinetic energy","score_opus":0.003122600562546722,"score_gpt":0.24330646724732044,"score_spread":0.2401838666847737,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414825382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771437,0.0008078399,0.019830992,0.00011369169,0.0017229792,0.00012920867,0.000018376966,0.00001974757,0.00021347335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99733585,0.0002705099,0.0020849917,0.00004297036,0.00017146477,0.0000039972983,0.000005650905,0.000018756271,0.00006579052],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985959,0.00005135337,0.0005974368,0.0001313369,0.00042956733,0.00019444134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992207,0.00023310285,0.0001258372,0.00013621878,0.00022012409,0.00006396938],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00032621238,0.00018846062,0.00031177144,0.0006320104,0.000021323136,0.000028313318,0.00044536707,0.000083730214,0.000039709208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020517259,0.00016326319,0.00020063731,0.00015116572,0.000029646237,0.00015407435,0.000055481545,0.00030768273,0.0000038643348],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0043252227,0.00016975003,0.0010462689,0.00012330238,0.0001671046,0.00049376127,0.00013322293,0.850002,0.13021985,0.00029918033,0.000113200105,0.012907169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00392134,0.0012055727,0.00019566118,0.00115452,0.000023369856,0.000049673534,0.000012410369,0.9036173,0.08941885,0.000024246163,0.00023746741,0.00013957304],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000016497957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007782643,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.053615343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031060155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000045348417,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66576797},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415220751","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105488","title":"Oil droplet from blowouts: Role of gas and dispersant","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Subsea; Dispersant; Breakup; Oil droplet; Flow (mathematics); Turbulence; Scaling; Jet (fluid)","score_opus":0.0024300023205285504,"score_gpt":0.22372291543333578,"score_spread":0.22129291311280722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415220751","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938788,0.00017696775,0.0016466851,0.0006973439,0.0005819125,0.000013526062,0.000032303593,0.0000049666805,0.0029674969],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99480784,0.00016197239,0.0044236197,0.00018712576,0.00007897997,8.997509e-7,0.0000044489525,0.0000036686267,0.00033147144],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992425,0.000024972174,0.00028222994,0.00008943091,0.00030012484,0.000060751052],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996089,0.000059199097,0.00016800099,0.000056788926,0.000055352233,0.000051806255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011940789,0.00006329112,0.000101000456,0.000080640464,0.000024878429,0.000022203127,0.00016289832,0.000033447355,0.00079000526],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000109471344,0.000054173055,0.0000643446,0.000059833772,0.00008196667,0.0001743796,0.00005914765,0.000089305584,0.000015152418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002083017,0.00018945854,0.024058195,0.0000027583458,0.00011664705,0.0000201468,0.0005529561,0.0018461039,0.3023169,0.000059663358,0.0006389528,0.6699899],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.011737084,0.0003716067,0.14662783,0.0006641184,0.0001925168,0.00015319468,0.00172463,0.2289176,0.43220472,0.004659605,0.17226692,0.00048017057],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00035923146,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000104172825,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6695097,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008415358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000013567896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.86500037},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4415327071","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105489","title":"Cavitation onset in transient pressure fields","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Cavitation; Bubble; Dimensionless quantity; RADIUS; Surface tension; Transient (computer programming); Tension (geology)","score_opus":0.008140911334954083,"score_gpt":0.2904104998247954,"score_spread":0.2822695884898413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4415327071","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9729146,0.0002823453,0.021335885,0.0021643213,0.002440464,0.00007681403,0.00005971487,0.000009286872,0.00071661756],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931988,0.000021766578,0.0056212554,0.00050850393,0.000109454144,0.0000038573853,0.000008925681,0.000003740305,0.0005236553],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99898195,0.000062781844,0.00042238884,0.00009744758,0.00033873421,0.000096708],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99923897,0.00017010521,0.00014739175,0.000064194195,0.0003415199,0.00003779267],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00035674273,0.00007250869,0.000120879755,0.00025515625,0.000024057299,0.00006832557,0.00029101336,0.00004379407,0.0003244907],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019987563,0.00006340044,0.000068488465,0.000095541734,0.000028563061,0.00027140087,0.00001288061,0.000121934434,0.000013989015],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018360721,0.001694657,0.008235466,0.00006586812,0.0002712637,0.00026856136,0.011050565,0.16898625,0.7428879,0.002218814,0.012436544,0.05004801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.048937656,0.001363992,0.16157192,0.0029179065,0.00044069596,0.00064250606,0.007026744,0.0641074,0.44373372,0.03224234,0.23528774,0.0017273815],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002900041,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000048477657,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.29915422,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060220107,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000101338555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3552946},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416508771","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2025.105546","title":"Effect of boundary conditions on non-equilibrium condensation of de Laval nozzles for improving natural gas dehydration","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Multiphase Flow","topic":"nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Superheating; Subcooling; Nozzle; Condensation; Surface roughness; RADIUS; Inlet; Dew point; Surface finish; Boundary layer","score_opus":0.006173604151704512,"score_gpt":0.2931416094331285,"score_spread":0.28696800528142397,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416508771","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99076694,0.000066199944,0.0063545434,0.0005507178,0.0016705067,0.00019197137,0.00023866173,0.0000075011826,0.00015294844],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960844,0.000005240688,0.003561806,0.00008215851,0.00011931656,0.0000015507093,0.000083170264,0.0000035728676,0.00005877918],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988481,0.00009156718,0.00053444307,0.0000962792,0.0003213549,0.00010826616],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99759877,0.0011706022,0.0004777945,0.00007444566,0.00063328823,0.00004512294],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005090389,0.00009417611,0.00018636536,0.00032871703,0.000053338317,0.000045996698,0.0002014993,0.00004650972,0.00014884517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00071116944,0.000080970334,0.00016177974,0.00010399341,0.00008924828,0.00042662746,0.00000756387,0.00013146174,0.000005602439],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0039355103,0.00017972209,0.04603894,0.000096022864,0.0003274555,0.0000140593975,0.00041751986,0.18695591,0.7001339,0.000104247236,0.0009368376,0.06085985],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0026713829,0.0008113865,0.028377727,0.0001822601,0.00007935668,0.00003201803,0.00009191871,0.38049015,0.5865798,0.0003397616,0.00026585872,0.00007839675],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013187772,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014388059,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19353426,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004123404,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018083166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33018744},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}