{"meta":{"query_hash":"1d8842292c72","filters":{"venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research"},"cohort_total":6,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"exported":6,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/1d8842292c72","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Journal+of+Applied+Security+Research"},"results":[{"id":"W1999800677","doi":"10.1080/19361610801981746","title":"Convergence and the Google Way","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research","topic":"ICT Impact and Policies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Telecommunications; Voice over IP; Telecommunications service; Service provider; Technological convergence; Telephony; The Internet; Next-generation network; IPTV; Data as a service; Cable television; Business; Service (business); Computer science; Marketing; World Wide Web","score_opus":0.03738968041823243,"score_gpt":0.3038017521819435,"score_spread":0.26641207176371107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1999800677","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.96744525,0.0009606492,0.00003181322,0.00041825455,0.000092890696,0.00009057527,0.0000015894681,0.000012440625,0.030946517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971165,0.0024819511,0.00002479804,0.0000365334,0.00023089172,0.0000024063793,1.5888075e-7,0.000009889763,0.0000968742],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990734,0.00004257301,0.00018378858,0.000024850786,0.00042528217,0.00025012478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993584,0.00029487454,0.000026327774,0.00010646564,0.00010986292,0.000104044506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012159885,0.000062826555,0.00015698872,0.00010397348,0.00016439884,0.000030133508,0.00021191276,0.000046105728,0.000064322914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000046783913,0.000038803235,0.00003365416,0.00019458466,0.00036743295,0.0000684603,0.000044852357,0.00063332735,0.000026849575],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0023291218,0.0002038751,0.0019203438,0.0005421875,0.0005559838,0.00014571214,0.41318142,0.0019266164,0.050789505,0.18985398,0.33183414,0.006717108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.018370394,0.0010325921,0.02535296,0.0002514836,0.00010068816,0.004017546,0.03050488,0.018832894,0.20431972,0.17705585,0.51878905,0.0013719371],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017554095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003660984,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38267654,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027675002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035052708,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27515274},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091606112","doi":"10.1080/19361610.2010.484834","title":"An Examination of Alarm System Deterrence and Rational Choice Theory: The Need to Increase Risk","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Humber Polytechnic","funders":"","keywords":"Deterrence (psychology); ALARM; Rational choice theory (criminology); Computer security; Deterrence theory; Poison control; Risk analysis (engineering); Engineering; Computer science; Forensic engineering; Actuarial science; Psychology; Economics; Criminology; Business; Medical emergency; Medicine; Political science; Law","score_opus":0.01262249274969991,"score_gpt":0.2840693245666112,"score_spread":0.2714468318169113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091606112","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99717194,0.00008784551,0.0006844496,0.000060329538,0.00018105791,0.00024453012,0.000009496352,0.000016671438,0.0015436838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992296,0.000052005224,0.00029922737,0.0000096421445,0.00038322769,0.000010824494,0.0000013671249,0.000011333774,0.000002776404],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99822,0.00026226384,0.00032844202,0.00011968252,0.00084651,0.00022306335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981247,0.00091191847,0.00009656795,0.00024412751,0.00040980463,0.00021283879],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006461548,0.00009556836,0.00017664989,0.00025450095,0.00020589329,0.00008551553,0.0004661984,0.000108055174,0.000017489072],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00037566424,0.00006724413,0.000029878867,0.0003859467,0.00020141156,0.00018845315,0.00006508474,0.0012510598,0.0000046318605],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009821069,0.00047606602,0.0049367873,0.0006757096,0.00020658612,0.00003339582,0.03962583,0.010586263,0.76184475,0.14474478,0.00127217,0.034615524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0042318404,0.0021927825,0.4400146,0.0004904226,0.00018255007,0.00054398883,0.032950237,0.26678145,0.21729115,0.024746079,0.009477357,0.001097534],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000037434063,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00016636355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.54455364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003750257,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000069895636,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5435302},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4293795496","doi":"10.1080/19361610.2022.2114744","title":"Predicting Money Laundering Using Machine Learning and Artificial Neural Networks Algorithms in Banks","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research","topic":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Royal Roads University","funders":"","keywords":"Money laundering; Artificial neural network; Computer science; Random forest; Machine learning; Naive Bayes classifier; Artificial intelligence; Algorithm; Finance; Business; Support vector machine","score_opus":0.07718883552287828,"score_gpt":0.3758919006955296,"score_spread":0.2987030651726513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4293795496","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99592036,0.00094767695,0.00013660378,0.00026013327,0.00023430245,0.0001858328,0.0000040667455,0.00001364362,0.002297398],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987497,0.00026922944,0.00012040231,0.000023778679,0.00077119115,0.000006124696,9.773436e-7,0.000017112909,0.000041497806],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9967896,0.00057743187,0.0004030976,0.00020260904,0.0014261845,0.0006011229],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988356,0.0005715652,0.00025010016,0.000071502924,0.00011120616,0.000159995],"candidate_categories":["sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0065974495,0.00010031058,0.0002627948,0.000283809,0.001693141,0.00019500869,0.00028896722,0.00007700842,0.00008562641],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025901626,0.00010983353,0.00004877135,0.00069417036,0.0002534615,0.00024535146,0.00032691873,0.002861698,2.411312e-7],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002896512,0.0010277441,0.104292266,0.00014828738,0.000167178,0.0007457689,0.533314,0.23142181,0.011940621,0.01893366,0.0003199057,0.094792224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093494495,0.00036935508,0.0013743126,0.000050414143,0.000016714526,0.00006477446,0.123542465,0.8563744,0.00023001921,0.0083513055,0.008379319,0.00031198212],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0057173604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029217862,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.62495255,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00045902564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00021646905,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996065},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390670871","doi":"10.1080/19361610.2023.2296765","title":"Intelligence Collection Disciplines—A Systematic Review","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research","topic":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Data collection; Military intelligence; Human intelligence; Variety (cybernetics); Intelligence cycle; Intelligence analysis; Data science; Computer science; Geospatial analysis; Sociology; Artificial intelligence; Social science; Political science; Geography; Computer security; Cartography","score_opus":0.05037615325144323,"score_gpt":0.40032634044996246,"score_spread":0.3499501871985192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390670871","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.00029522064,0.06803092,0.92293113,0.0043966398,0.000645473,0.0009355532,0.0000013476894,0.00029938982,0.0024643461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8847965,0.056172274,0.057761304,0.00022691372,0.0005560627,0.00015421916,0.0000011946886,0.00004209077,0.00028944027],"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9979851,0.00014803561,0.00053270976,0.00017547829,0.0009402828,0.00021835689],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99782705,0.0012244266,0.00012048028,0.0003548257,0.00037078978,0.00010240952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007212266,0.000091399685,0.0003152512,0.00039082416,0.000102769656,0.0004181496,0.0010803059,0.000055313132,0.000017172528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005995106,0.000065392116,0.00008445267,0.0017628882,0.000032750893,0.00047836252,0.00024673634,0.00092087185,0.000046376153],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000045118835,0.00020036557,0.0000029485207,0.497223,0.00023752621,0.00040363835,0.005035218,0.00010180066,0.00061888224,0.4358743,0.054212905,0.0060442984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001820786,0.001473581,0.000013777141,0.2899655,0.00025395144,0.0024286364,0.00045902331,0.1033351,0.0095999595,0.56310403,0.028389199,0.0007951809],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000028632176,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.4668417e-7,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8845013,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012267049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018744131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40322265},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391756915","doi":"10.1080/19361610.2024.2314405","title":"Correlates of Severity of Mass Public Shootings in the United States, 1966–2022","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research","topic":"Gun Ownership and Violence Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Poison control; Injury prevention; Suicide prevention; Criminology; Human factors and ergonomics; Occupational safety and health; Forensic engineering; Mass-casualty incident; Political science; Aeronautics; Medical emergency; Psychology; Computer security; Engineering; Medicine; Law; Computer science","score_opus":0.0928259401204427,"score_gpt":0.4145204521147373,"score_spread":0.3216945119942946,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391756915","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97691005,0.000900302,0.000018643994,0.005857699,0.00011015298,0.00035662932,0.000014866798,0.000009517955,0.015822161],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960987,0.0035844408,0.00003899284,0.000027073933,0.00013815722,0.000008325491,0.00000564886,0.000011113888,0.00008752107],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9939118,0.0013388174,0.00065514835,0.00018367312,0.0032107101,0.00069982704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9958761,0.0025734992,0.00017008216,0.0002154571,0.00097093714,0.00019394094],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.029042093,0.00010129902,0.00031255075,0.0012470797,0.0002513044,0.00021641579,0.0013222849,0.00016704114,0.00025938515],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010527803,0.00006906042,0.00011527707,0.0045013255,0.0010663826,0.00024887873,0.00013959353,0.0023061037,0.000011206865],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009717012,0.0013701917,0.046523526,0.0013812896,0.0002753777,0.00030712437,0.37117246,0.00009548801,0.005061411,0.5390189,0.015516702,0.018305834],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012421552,0.0010739033,0.0081631,0.0010035445,0.000040152845,0.000023850596,0.44769466,0.0041969307,0.0027112698,0.3762952,0.15717483,0.00038041358],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021608868,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007670965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1627237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017543073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013267921,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999956},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413031688","doi":"10.1080/19361610.2025.2544184","title":"Cyber What???-a Systematic Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Security Research","topic":"Information and Cyber Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada); Institute on Governance","funders":"","keywords":"Computer security; Forensic engineering; Engineering; Computer science","score_opus":0.02732956499287112,"score_gpt":0.3513379403006749,"score_spread":0.3240083753078038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413031688","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.006525094,0.19332592,0.07497196,0.05667143,0.003746044,0.00773804,0.000004881737,0.00030075313,0.65671587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.93311304,0.0469785,0.004146772,0.014371333,0.00023529978,0.00013264267,0.0000029058265,0.000020912614,0.0009985841],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99668974,0.00028915284,0.0010316334,0.00016147748,0.0014489462,0.00037906418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99724114,0.00035921368,0.00033903544,0.0006906582,0.0012170967,0.00015284379],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008186198,0.00012402437,0.00057519606,0.0005260415,0.00021460769,0.0006889476,0.0020166235,0.00008675413,0.000039305436],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032142864,0.000094173825,0.00013938267,0.0015381187,0.00007881684,0.0014163977,0.00045639114,0.000992903,0.00015935529],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022053078,0.0001637609,0.0000017648621,0.09354204,0.00009723384,0.000025284986,0.0032895333,0.0000019175259,0.0000697697,0.86484325,0.03647822,0.001465197],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0033606803,0.0006099764,0.000108291584,0.3454731,0.0002812255,0.00046669648,0.0065864353,0.00722182,0.0055990824,0.548077,0.08115744,0.0010582699],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000025686265,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002925202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.92658794,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017330465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00047545278,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6643537},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}