{"meta":{"query_hash":"2d7405da2e5c","filters":{"venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society"},"cohort_total":35,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":35,"exported":35,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/2d7405da2e5c","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society"},"results":[{"id":"W1965582074","doi":"10.2307/1468299","title":"Effects of Caddisfly Grazers on the Elemental Composition of Epilithon in a Boreal Lake","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Environmental Biology","keywords":"Algae; Detritus; Periphyton; Benthic zone; Grazing; Ecological stoichiometry; Nutrient; Biology; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Caddisfly; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry","score_opus":0.008931727013797628,"score_gpt":0.1878060857843706,"score_spread":0.17887435877057298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1965582074","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99989927,0.000026329652,0.000010728665,0.0000035465087,3.4461397e-7,0.0000012066803,0.00001658261,0.0000012928109,0.000040624665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956757,0.000036270525,0.00013796634,0.000023522474,0.0000010706124,0.0000047074477,0.00008007963,0.0000016135868,0.00014720418],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99985003,0.000017195305,0.000011693415,0.00004468105,0.000035465047,0.000040924526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959594,0.00002799464,0.000101478916,0.000013394981,0.00006572586,0.00019534754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021334761,0.00031062737,0.0002809552,0.00029418032,0.0008396847,0.0005344108,0.00029500126,0.00024938298,0.00040231837],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031464038,0.00024708558,0.00020042945,0.0001925441,0.00044887685,0.00029178982,0.00048784757,0.00021223312,0.000059227692],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017794991,0.00022177155,0.650481,0.00008498129,0.00015737397,0.00027211342,0.0009365477,0.0002985639,0.33789015,0.000037143676,0.00012343499,0.007717373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005309458,0.00015034286,0.99814224,0.0000012335793,0.000009910116,0.000016189757,0.00012382124,0.00014124335,0.0013270255,0.0000039657234,0.00007538065,0.0000032038256],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1206247,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.38622317,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1206247,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019320044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007819456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23984516},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976393623","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2004)023<0140:prtsde>2.0.co;2","title":"Population-level responses to sediment during early life inbrook trout","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Fontinalis; Trout; Salvelinus; Biological dispersal; Biology; Sediment; Population; Ecology; Incubation; Ecosystem; Population density; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Demography","score_opus":0.017801742013917952,"score_gpt":0.24057809586528855,"score_spread":0.2227763538513706,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1976393623","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9999163,0.00001155808,0.000017871773,0.000003859425,4.3811724e-7,5.159388e-7,0.0000157449,0.0000010053346,0.000032659897],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997582,0.000011392963,0.00003209804,0.000007401166,0.0000010714376,0.0000023930147,0.00006881302,8.757471e-7,0.00011780825],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999193,0.0000167226,0.0000070233327,0.000020994652,0.000016928097,0.000019023933],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995402,0.000057216646,0.00018159274,0.000023680848,0.000075556374,0.000121765355],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019372729,0.00015047927,0.00013295849,0.00021074356,0.0001836828,0.00025247084,0.00010880381,0.00016792744,0.0006563397],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00057076814,0.00012219358,0.00013889138,0.00010755224,0.00027085128,0.00016606064,0.00030111172,0.00023983775,0.000088175104],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00062008825,0.00013418241,0.8744534,0.000025508249,0.00008307099,0.00013054961,0.0005819942,0.00052275055,0.11747137,0.000047043017,0.000108907094,0.005821083],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000034196194,0.00034794267,0.9977653,9.796645e-7,0.0000084577,0.00003135451,0.00015161883,0.00018294131,0.0014383097,0.000019105837,0.000048030193,0.0000025249992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0031146042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.011752695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031146042,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003654609,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017267624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006192982},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979382095","doi":"10.1899/02-075.1","title":"Benthic assemblage variation among channel units in high-gradient streams on Vancouver Island, British Columbia","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Benthic zone; Perennial stream; STREAMS; Ecology; Ephemeral key; Riffle; Bedrock; Chironomidae; Habitat; Geology; Biology; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.007464063759021228,"score_gpt":0.17771069287333066,"score_spread":0.17024662911430943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979382095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989753,0.00013949117,0.000038579685,0.00001109076,0.0000017609086,0.000007934861,0.00029382855,0.0000033854146,0.00052860094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99873394,0.0001525201,0.000119092656,0.000019054189,0.0000011993139,0.00000823711,0.00044231812,0.0000023802397,0.0005213198],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995708,0.00004133268,0.000036013273,0.00009080438,0.00013135563,0.00012975669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991303,0.000056594185,0.00014724574,0.00002664244,0.00037020617,0.00026912606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002566367,0.00022812701,0.0002619769,0.0014356778,0.0014934529,0.0011333288,0.00040397112,0.00023904214,0.0012369697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008023156,0.000293254,0.00012744806,0.0022199028,0.00061663147,0.00019997229,0.00053736015,0.00019694715,0.00018746947],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025933221,0.000016831256,0.9927806,0.000017307373,0.000027247594,0.0000758515,0.0005968667,0.00006897649,0.0008620455,0.000019159012,0.00026573957,0.005243548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011406084,0.0000049697483,0.99937445,0.0000067828273,0.0000039379315,0.00002310512,0.00034183502,0.00006385901,0.000023766122,0.0000030983995,0.00015147169,0.0000017008814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8844916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9804961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11550838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0045436476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002847412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23237723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979900024","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[19:lbmucd]2.0.co;2","title":"Littoral benthic macroinvertebrates under contrasting drawdown in a reservoir and a natural lake","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":76,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Benthic zone; Littoral zone; Environmental science; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Drawdown (hydrology); Benthos; Invertebrate; Oceanography; Hydrology (agriculture); Geology; Biology; Groundwater","score_opus":0.007189898251921162,"score_gpt":0.19825939189149522,"score_spread":0.19106949363957407,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1979900024","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9999218,0.000004405029,0.000009281031,0.0000024103913,2.2417159e-7,7.1086714e-7,0.0000155606,0.0000012413691,0.000044304106],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997979,0.00000756817,0.000025602203,0.000004467175,5.569134e-7,0.0000029200276,0.00007802175,8.333069e-7,0.00008229477],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987257,0.00002350619,0.00001031621,0.00003052476,0.000021936188,0.000041052608],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99967587,0.00003972849,0.00009705233,0.000011753524,0.000046677465,0.00012895919],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013632268,0.00021632056,0.00026993247,0.00050478417,0.0003728532,0.0004446117,0.00022083239,0.00028868433,0.0006447463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00050072564,0.00027298206,0.0002073069,0.0003985108,0.00040282108,0.0005288079,0.00072408124,0.00019059044,0.00008880282],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007838306,0.00015720628,0.9253782,0.000048588245,0.000107749016,0.00064273615,0.001962203,0.00031458304,0.06650896,0.00007196707,0.00011666078,0.003907259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039046936,0.00012082825,0.99838364,0.0000019908825,0.000014442483,0.00004845464,0.0004341164,0.0005006005,0.00042657412,0.00000857998,0.000051308536,0.000005540391],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010321117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04129797,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010321117,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005916091,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003063555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.020522058},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2003287875","doi":"10.1899/10-013.1","title":"Building freshwater macroinvertebrate DNA-barcode libraries from reference collection material: formalin preservation vs specimen age","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Guelph; University of New Brunswick","funders":"Ontario Genomics Institute; Genome Canada","keywords":"Biomonitoring; Barcode; DNA barcoding; Biology; Invertebrate; Zoology; Ecology; Computer science","score_opus":0.03459426269858669,"score_gpt":0.21361670636915756,"score_spread":0.17902244367057085,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2003287875","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.76370174,0.0022689868,0.22267152,0.00018671891,0.000092832146,0.0019092615,0.004808615,0.0011636622,0.0031967158],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4983374,0.0029272866,0.47659382,0.00032038588,0.000042475956,0.0021295326,0.015269338,0.00069241313,0.003687271],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9974952,0.00039121165,0.0003327816,0.0005555121,0.0010185278,0.00020687921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99456245,0.0009608491,0.0008082299,0.0007859292,0.0027599751,0.00012252403],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042905356,0.00055720203,0.00057235535,0.0018404541,0.0009900889,0.0015365302,0.0013308794,0.0006376429,0.0012298726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011005223,0.00081055413,0.0006317246,0.00172761,0.0007851001,0.001379109,0.00093628495,0.00062239124,0.0009971486],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003430531,0.00017553769,0.042735815,0.00038770455,0.000112908856,0.00015416852,0.00078639435,0.0027032709,0.8927911,0.0004240718,0.00042813094,0.058957838],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021168518,0.0009942324,0.11769108,0.000084262996,0.0002600287,0.00044756694,0.00036405277,0.0077854367,0.86306185,0.00031271577,0.008895551,0.00008202346],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014057957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.054996464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014057957,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009955928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015412794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027952254},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2008975070","doi":"10.1899/05-022.1","title":"Genetic differentiation of<i>Caridina cantonensis</i>(Decapoda:Atyidae) in Hong Kong streams","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Genetic diversity and population structure","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Hong Kong Government; University of Alberta","keywords":"Biology; Biological dispersal; Population; Ecology; Gene flow; Shrimp; Genetic structure; Genetic variation; Population genetics; Zoology; Genetics","score_opus":0.00815988393692136,"score_gpt":0.22161207211735007,"score_spread":0.21345218818042871,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2008975070","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998166,0.000020799314,0.000017805516,0.0000018320503,5.7829953e-7,0.0000024486174,0.00003233906,6.7550513e-7,0.00010685573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996227,0.000024265011,0.00007162139,0.000005499177,7.03241e-7,0.000006878437,0.000119362434,7.472068e-7,0.00014812851],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998344,0.000017249271,0.000020587537,0.000068118425,0.000027535276,0.0000319948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99971896,0.00003330678,0.00008211268,0.000015008379,0.00008184468,0.00006871588],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002355287,0.0002541174,0.00020777075,0.0008781917,0.0004852118,0.00046486687,0.00022002826,0.00015326704,0.0005442467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024856735,0.0001284191,0.00019141396,0.00074002135,0.0004183827,0.00016950011,0.0003950485,0.00017118866,0.000076487646],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00038358764,0.00006588188,0.91261375,0.000081853446,0.00016853093,0.00056678924,0.0031328774,0.00053715566,0.06934783,0.00010749607,0.00011178504,0.012882403],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000053396334,0.000037981918,0.99878925,0.000005508044,0.0000128156635,0.00004689067,0.0004410669,0.0002199167,0.00028708682,0.000007895779,0.0001409877,0.0000053033623],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.061570622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.09969372,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.061570622,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008302891,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004841171,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.12242448},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2018808772","doi":"10.2307/1468131","title":"Reservoir–river linkages: Lake Powell and the Colorado River, Arizona","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bureau of Reclamation; U.S. Geological Survey; Northern Arizona University; U.S. Department of the Interior; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Cladophora; Periphyton; Biomass (ecology); Algae; Macrophyte; Ecology; Nutrient; Environmental science; Biology; Botany","score_opus":0.006324980213201472,"score_gpt":0.20245625881003332,"score_spread":0.19613127859683185,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2018808772","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962488,0.0003182382,0.0001711677,0.00024232068,0.000006893376,0.000032035925,0.0006905648,0.000021862274,0.0022680664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973786,0.00022637758,0.00027445034,0.000040655952,0.000007837652,0.000029186247,0.0006912834,0.0000027719964,0.0013488333],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998155,0.00003647703,0.0000071700993,0.0000553154,0.000031991265,0.00005366022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99952054,0.000057239213,0.000099526274,0.000013476214,0.00013563872,0.00017366798],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021940669,0.00015050812,0.00015373,0.0007189976,0.00116832,0.00072463753,0.00041093648,0.0003679435,0.0029474574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051427085,0.00016748768,0.00008870431,0.0014970304,0.00047690552,0.00034468903,0.00086452835,0.00016726584,0.0001402261],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011770891,0.00010073978,0.9803963,0.000061044855,0.000073245035,0.0005027813,0.0009590155,0.00094611454,0.0020021384,0.00050616974,0.0026060317,0.011728709],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000128775555,0.000029620736,0.9945926,0.00001527819,0.000029786937,0.00009724231,0.0016078559,0.00097644277,0.00017007935,0.00009158255,0.0023701924,0.0000064731244],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.33842337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6113023,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.33842337,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021206096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018444151,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67290705},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032155261","doi":"10.1899/10-063.1","title":"Host fish quality may explain the status of endangered<i>Epioblasma torulosa rangiana</i>and<i>Lampsilis fasciola</i>(Bivalvia∶Unionidae) in Canada","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Unionidae; Biology; Etheostoma; Micropterus; Metamorphosis; Endangered species; Mussel; Ecology; Zoology; Bivalvia; Fishery; Mollusca; Larva; Bass (fish); Habitat; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.023641051529707118,"score_gpt":0.23045611240920852,"score_spread":0.2068150608795014,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032155261","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990221,0.00012012788,0.000031500414,0.000039521183,0.0000018793446,0.0000019543659,0.0001897337,0.0000019995791,0.0005910198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996216,0.00003407017,0.00002797593,0.000008517201,5.941087e-7,7.1715976e-7,0.000115295166,0.0000011006085,0.0001900557],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998018,0.0000120838495,0.000014767142,0.00005798959,0.00003234947,0.00008111169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993273,0.00005987537,0.00023868585,0.00003804905,0.0001361647,0.00019995512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00024324491,0.00013409804,0.00012365889,0.0005238693,0.000604565,0.0006212631,0.00033531687,0.00023313097,0.0025311476],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007138059,0.00012154571,0.00022818532,0.00047952984,0.00037543735,0.00016773606,0.000271421,0.00023361892,0.00018274016],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000046434023,0.000011350122,0.9955923,0.000008647145,0.000031125102,0.00006270802,0.00019964922,0.000058696925,0.0022477112,0.000056222263,0.0001281906,0.0015569775],"study_design_scores_gemma":[4.569346e-7,0.000004113784,0.99965084,0.000002000023,0.0000044462126,0.000027833068,0.00013142078,0.000049978076,0.00004988403,0.0000074961495,0.00007040984,0.0000010024745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.58842015,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8212842,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41157985,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017444546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009378377,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82800746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2043574790","doi":"10.1899/08-188.1","title":"Intraguild interactions and large-scale population patterns","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Dalhousie University","keywords":"Intraguild predation; Predation; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Ecology; STREAMS; Predator; Invertebrate; Population; Relative species abundance","score_opus":0.007156467949567581,"score_gpt":0.2137840598029387,"score_spread":0.2066275918533711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2043574790","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993932,0.00005297415,0.00010184203,0.00000799065,5.1000455e-7,0.0000012483027,0.00002106049,0.0000023268894,0.000418766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99967384,0.000020671636,0.00006758404,0.000004518505,0.0000010110813,0.0000024030944,0.00003940101,0.0000012662719,0.00018941618],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983203,0.000037992428,0.0000111389045,0.000056174664,0.000026783475,0.00003590991],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999398,0.00015892327,0.00021696297,0.0000464581,0.000059452614,0.0001201646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020045908,0.00010790994,0.00018794593,0.00057996035,0.00024344954,0.00045841248,0.00021627024,0.00020602763,0.0018564103],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00089387817,0.000111045745,0.00011639906,0.00026582193,0.00033597142,0.00029344697,0.00039592886,0.00021694766,0.00018264346],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000056817003,0.000051317358,0.9839352,0.000013554347,0.000078695426,0.0000872623,0.0004161706,0.00034603,0.007605222,0.00022266513,0.00008185426,0.007105331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010478287,0.000019853514,0.99913436,0.0000013384538,0.000004748721,0.00004264029,0.00010582993,0.00047306562,0.00009598624,0.0000556434,0.000063360974,0.0000019968957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006417224,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022655925,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006417224,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034103534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000115053655,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012759745},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2049661363","doi":"10.1899/09-015.1","title":"Loss of riparian vegetation alters the ecosystem role of a freshwater crayfish (<i><i>Cherax destructor</i></i>) in an Australian intermittent lowland stream","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Simon Fraser University; Australian National University","keywords":"Crayfish; Riparian zone; Macrophyte; Trophic level; Ecology; Canopy; Biology; Ecosystem; Environmental science; Plant litter; Freshwater ecosystem; Biota; Food web; Periphyton; Habitat; Biomass (ecology)","score_opus":0.009163768035788642,"score_gpt":0.22793076863282632,"score_spread":0.2187670005970377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2049661363","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99992406,0.0000073646447,0.0000045515844,0.0000033413955,9.748514e-8,8.341445e-7,0.000008232004,6.1968785e-7,0.00005084984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997253,0.000020322155,0.000051894247,0.000010924949,2.5423196e-7,0.0000024487813,0.00003129019,6.9761376e-7,0.00015683772],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999238,0.000012687543,0.000006552579,0.00002100604,0.000015223294,0.00002062971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99974865,0.000027798573,0.00009437341,0.000013230697,0.00003340419,0.00008255357],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00012896505,0.000128572,0.00018571137,0.00030097194,0.00043113643,0.00038962168,0.00026785643,0.00020400832,0.00061137555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003476249,0.0002294262,0.00015779547,0.00016972669,0.0004529026,0.00021963065,0.00038430764,0.0002715085,0.00008195581],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00050591107,0.00022935825,0.80718684,0.00008450882,0.000093872855,0.00095057656,0.0019618743,0.0005643601,0.17996517,0.000060433125,0.00015568963,0.008241336],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001235216,0.0000654345,0.99913883,0.00000155115,0.0000045321194,0.0000456972,0.00019612844,0.00014396243,0.00036044038,0.000003839371,0.00003648281,0.0000017804794],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.054276973,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.13040389,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.054276973,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010235255,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004300044,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10792208},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2055199075","doi":"10.1899/10-133.1","title":"Bidirectional delivery of organic matter between freshwater and marine systems: the role of flocculation in Pacific salmon streams","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Government of British Columbia; University of Northern British Columbia","funders":"Division of Arctic Sciences; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","keywords":"Fish migration; Environmental science; Benthic zone; Watershed; Organic matter; STREAMS; Sediment; Nutrient; Settling; Flocculation; Fishery; Ecology; Oceanography; Hydrology (agriculture); Fish <Actinopterygii>; Environmental engineering; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.009323506047073798,"score_gpt":0.18557587906200265,"score_spread":0.17625237301492885,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2055199075","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979359,0.00042947152,0.0004333194,0.000098997894,0.000003982434,0.000010814544,0.000026642458,0.0000066765706,0.001054395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977355,0.00061817205,0.00069239514,0.000031864456,0.000005634326,0.000012395099,0.00004375,0.0000031941108,0.00085718033],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984455,0.00003494067,0.000018682606,0.000036478752,0.000033717355,0.000031535335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997248,0.000044043227,0.00008706599,0.000008434408,0.000072322386,0.000063241176],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00043267294,0.00016755702,0.00021981416,0.000506083,0.00081129017,0.0008636539,0.00041317687,0.00040548525,0.0007451664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006450348,0.00016997497,0.0002504001,0.00039315352,0.00068477215,0.00053882104,0.0007224408,0.00023986014,0.00010726116],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00083981996,0.00030510698,0.7314591,0.00059102493,0.00016015035,0.002056431,0.006024342,0.002591907,0.1731979,0.0046246364,0.0005058183,0.07764382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004649995,0.0009798122,0.96302295,0.000117883355,0.00014492491,0.000447838,0.0056130425,0.011850914,0.011684391,0.0020493576,0.0039804555,0.00006182613],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04146375,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.043369822,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04146375,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009241082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012442868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08244485},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2063743761","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2007)26[244:ioomoi]2.0.co;2","title":"Influence of organic matter on invertebrate colonization of sand substrata in a northern Michigan stream","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Invertebrate; Benthic zone; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Chironomidae; Abundance (ecology); Predation; Organic matter; Cobble; Detritivore; Habitat; Biology; Colonization; Community structure","score_opus":0.007186729839053696,"score_gpt":0.20051162092887198,"score_spread":0.1933248910898183,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2063743761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998702,0.000023859073,0.000009899043,0.0000041665494,4.2908295e-7,0.0000020625384,0.00002026943,8.2798897e-7,0.00006833415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995413,0.000037514477,0.0001038118,0.000018235765,0.0000015923904,0.0000066824728,0.00008129025,0.0000013392682,0.00020839756],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980956,0.0000419223,0.000017136692,0.000054127042,0.00004302571,0.000034236677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993235,0.00012965793,0.0002024202,0.000020307267,0.00005654944,0.0002675241],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020131316,0.00022842629,0.00023592763,0.00029609032,0.00052660384,0.00062361825,0.00018567187,0.0002081086,0.00073074386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044839486,0.00021712626,0.00017701196,0.00017176257,0.00037188994,0.00019070167,0.00044749328,0.00023256415,0.00008810702],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002119225,0.0003874053,0.727157,0.00008465275,0.00014783707,0.00029689097,0.00047805227,0.00023855496,0.26320976,0.000035221,0.00011867685,0.005726772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006001415,0.00038542418,0.99698955,0.0000025668799,0.000015073117,0.000025248666,0.00009907678,0.00017725589,0.0022059085,0.0000056378185,0.00008516007,0.000002938074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.017200787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07797568,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.017200787,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008806772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00036107938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.034201384},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2066840299","doi":"10.2307/1468073","title":"Genetic structure and relationships among populations of<i>Hyalella azteca</i>and<i>H</i>.<i>montezuma</i>(Crustacea:Amphipoda)","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Miami; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Hyalella azteca; Biology; Amphipoda; Crustacean; Genetic structure; Zoology; Genetic variability; Ecology; Genetic distance; Genetic variation; Genotype; Genetics; Gene","score_opus":0.02522904430985168,"score_gpt":0.2316008347020962,"score_spread":0.20637179039224451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2066840299","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997371,0.0000266922,0.000023648632,0.0000024926662,3.1241802e-7,0.000001775465,0.000022363698,8.5882164e-7,0.00018473645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995964,0.000021840611,0.00011121193,0.0000040311743,9.1317173e-7,0.0000035272767,0.00017391455,5.5677356e-7,0.00008764092],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998658,0.000011124491,0.000010185322,0.000067770394,0.000027418819,0.000017801316],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997974,0.00002528334,0.00008163539,0.000016219683,0.000032966702,0.000046442903],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015425993,0.00015931958,0.00016745576,0.00082513725,0.00048291255,0.00039586582,0.00030875133,0.00020564297,0.0006151288],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002811382,0.00014638284,0.00014442366,0.00056426076,0.00041803383,0.00018705899,0.00035074377,0.00023033975,0.0000724903],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00058643497,0.00011171752,0.8319564,0.00004834143,0.00022173315,0.00025387068,0.0023710094,0.000637209,0.14683829,0.000285782,0.00009241326,0.016596738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000055787746,0.000031050215,0.9988801,0.0000021380174,0.000010811632,0.000070132875,0.00021778877,0.00021143323,0.00041346785,0.000014513304,0.00013981081,0.0000032360745],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.029436858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.049117994,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029436858,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010432394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002155191,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.058531046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2071253385","doi":"10.2307/1468422","title":"Limnology—Inland water ecosystems","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":649,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Lake ecosystem; Limnology; Beijing; Library science; Chinese academy of sciences; Geography; Oceanography; Environmental science; Ecosystem; Ecology; China; Archaeology; Geology; Biology","score_opus":0.012488358820582834,"score_gpt":0.19643188212219653,"score_spread":0.1839435233016137,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2071253385","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.30620158,0.11372981,0.0074936883,0.012843672,0.005036319,0.0003715111,0.008969954,0.0007044101,0.544649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.60665,0.086446285,0.0072466303,0.0027490642,0.0032332668,0.00027876953,0.008940781,0.00021572034,0.2842395],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990034,0.000023558216,0.00001550865,0.000015645888,0.000024367142,0.000020625725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99972457,0.000023288787,0.000039000075,0.000024967261,0.00010346806,0.000084731335],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002755002,0.00037081022,0.0003238762,0.001548632,0.00069323205,0.0011270563,0.00029515094,0.00033241123,0.020032398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00058693317,0.00013507363,0.000098146746,0.0031094546,0.00042706623,0.0018421727,0.0006780367,0.00052774645,0.0025975124],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012727962,0.00031159833,0.20353109,0.0007493848,0.000056860623,0.0007795112,0.0009339693,0.0007748506,0.004820533,0.02553204,0.15761006,0.60477287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008479355,0.00008507417,0.5512208,0.00017586033,0.000018311825,0.0010400806,0.0010445981,0.0004473478,0.00041877347,0.008948799,0.43657827,0.000013513655],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015382398,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.038652744,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020032398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00069331034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008936789,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06701505},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2075389879","doi":"10.1899/04-128.1","title":"Invertivory by northern pike (<i>Esox lucius</i>) structures communities of littoral macroinvertebrates in small boreal lakes","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Mountain Equipment Co-operative; Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries; University of Louisiana Monroe","keywords":"Pike; Esox; Littoral zone; Invertebrate; Boreal; Ecology; Biology; Fishery; Environmental science; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.009447154014812319,"score_gpt":0.20735916902349424,"score_spread":0.1979120150086819,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2075389879","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9999007,0.000010572386,0.000014146201,0.0000021337637,1.9870882e-7,0.0000010588151,0.0000069794482,0.0000023532007,0.00006182661],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99956447,0.00002710473,0.00011543435,0.000013003342,8.6764834e-7,0.0000057688612,0.00006838698,0.0000020687248,0.00020286736],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998852,0.000019837345,0.000007934624,0.00003199789,0.000020413716,0.000034628963],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997662,0.000015162856,0.00009015773,0.0000081423495,0.000016218573,0.00010425448],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013417313,0.00016339583,0.00014299415,0.00029844575,0.00019158908,0.00028441325,0.000132606,0.000107457,0.0004305388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025286616,0.00021785764,0.00013524556,0.00009955671,0.0003349188,0.00020925865,0.00039578867,0.0001258843,0.00010548488],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007936175,0.00018864652,0.5122322,0.000050689872,0.00008655874,0.00019163426,0.00063994457,0.0002033926,0.4794011,0.000061109495,0.0001203575,0.006030652],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000048331735,0.00017532562,0.996858,0.0000010957145,0.000009742221,0.00003342595,0.0000975889,0.00017775437,0.0025543044,0.000006028655,0.00007939212,0.0000025070299],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008650272,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.033563796,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008650272,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004903862,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002474923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.017199874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2082547452","doi":"10.1899/06-119.1","title":"Coarse particulate organic matter transport in low-gradient streams of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministerium für Wirtschaft, Innovation, Digitalisierung und Energie des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen","keywords":"STREAMS; Particle (ecology); Particulates; Environmental science; Elevation (ballistics); Particle size; Hydrology (agriculture); Particle density; Volume (thermodynamics); Geology; Ecology; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics; Geotechnical engineering; Biology","score_opus":0.007459839185791783,"score_gpt":0.2002837239945471,"score_spread":0.1928238848087553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2082547452","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99941194,0.00003052039,0.00003937195,0.000017772054,8.1271355e-7,0.0000045530815,0.00012769683,0.0000042717047,0.00036319098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99911135,0.000058551665,0.00020036464,0.000013869849,0.0000025714646,0.000008967115,0.0002694656,0.0000019476854,0.0003327742],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99991,0.000010692591,0.000006476521,0.00003309077,0.000023361892,0.000016365382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99982446,0.00001809587,0.000052192834,0.0000053238005,0.0000517762,0.00004817455],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00010723436,0.00015236303,0.0001856317,0.0005426808,0.0006805874,0.00074892637,0.00023842257,0.00014558411,0.0009081687],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000306225,0.0001342508,0.00011267751,0.0006788701,0.00020824495,0.0002342555,0.00033948105,0.00015484839,0.00012356602],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008278018,0.000058035985,0.9884729,0.0000147965,0.00003442219,0.00013078524,0.00040282786,0.00027053987,0.0058138166,0.000040827574,0.00016588601,0.0045123077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000025603997,0.000016752012,0.9987458,0.0000036100332,0.000006236299,0.000023814133,0.00021087322,0.0006082536,0.00017179124,0.000013943804,0.00019367911,0.0000025758416],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.20275417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.46810603,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.20275417,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0013867974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006265601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.403148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091018382","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2006)025[0730:ftnona]2.0.co;2","title":"Functional trait niches of North American lotic insects: traits-based ecological applications in light of phylogenetic relationships","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":888,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Geological Survey; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trait; Ecology; Biology; River ecosystem; Community; Ecological niche; Multivariate statistics; Life history theory; Habitat; Life history","score_opus":0.027698283627565285,"score_gpt":0.23037255264676954,"score_spread":0.20267426901920424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091018382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925608,0.00062202866,0.0012359292,0.000055577497,0.0000015552407,0.00001649354,0.004595217,0.000021393365,0.000890947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99250436,0.00030904784,0.0034324012,0.000018044582,0.0000055227556,0.00003812141,0.0035009056,0.0000051505144,0.00018644093],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99977905,0.000057977653,0.00003450349,0.00006698346,0.0000430052,0.000018473427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977308,0.0009240423,0.0008111249,0.00014550713,0.00025168678,0.00013683818],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069949316,0.00014587592,0.00018780334,0.0043093218,0.00031710463,0.0004543129,0.00016324616,0.00014438537,0.0012866118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018720744,0.00009421666,0.00021408954,0.0025559366,0.00023564078,0.0003405209,0.000381235,0.00012979472,0.000121345605],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008929636,0.00001853795,0.9685777,0.00022601754,0.000061862745,0.00009383451,0.00090879604,0.00055306643,0.0031866515,0.0001924436,0.0006205411,0.025471346],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000017578841,0.000012141356,0.9970902,0.00001959477,0.000018685374,0.00008444779,0.00044754904,0.0010581979,0.00021308225,0.00010709463,0.00094237574,0.0000048861184],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0074333353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.033518385,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0074333353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027079007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019635462,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014780104},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098477747","doi":"10.1899/10-011.1","title":"DNA barcoding facilitates description of unknown faunas: a case study on Trichoptera in the headwaters of the Tigris River, Iraq","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute; Genome Canada","keywords":"Haplogroup; DNA barcoding; Biology; Fauna; Zoology; Monophyly; Genus; Ecology; Clade; Phylogenetics; Haplotype; Genetics","score_opus":0.049582167540042646,"score_gpt":0.22832488540552945,"score_spread":0.1787427178654868,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098477747","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99694014,0.0003067203,0.00062906323,0.00030772877,0.000008685158,0.000067198984,0.00010181881,0.000008855283,0.0016297919],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956826,0.0006303014,0.0026453654,0.0001557694,0.000016174125,0.00003151333,0.00012374108,0.0000056475774,0.0007088965],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9991874,0.00018668413,0.00003634151,0.00011367607,0.00019311851,0.00028276586],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991866,0.00023618767,0.00024130795,0.000048019,0.00021597353,0.000071944676],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094520696,0.00049490767,0.00018082849,0.0022780804,0.00188797,0.00069014775,0.0008620922,0.00077873166,0.00109846],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017007759,0.00025017053,0.0002329823,0.0017762047,0.0013960281,0.0008032424,0.00075782207,0.00057449203,0.00021478307],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005017315,0.00025226202,0.813208,0.0002937643,0.00002983971,0.025098363,0.037259895,0.00034602042,0.012265777,0.0007665555,0.0015826545,0.10884666],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000048656716,0.00015721709,0.9463298,0.00013508287,0.000035792986,0.009971779,0.033739157,0.0013111267,0.0016112345,0.0001790025,0.006500193,0.000024793622],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.091925606,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1568217,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.091925606,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001901919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014828764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1827811},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2098819672","doi":"10.1899/06-101.1","title":"Land use controls nutrient excretion by stream invertebrates along a gradient of agriculture","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Mayfly; Periphyton; Nutrient; STREAMS; Excretion; Watershed; Invertebrate; Ecology; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Animal science; Chemistry; Biology","score_opus":0.008423911665808564,"score_gpt":0.1934799051380539,"score_spread":0.18505599347224536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2098819672","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99979395,0.000032865253,0.000018758463,0.00000766378,2.7828662e-7,0.0000014142632,0.000035680445,9.538361e-7,0.00010849688],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99964,0.000043022763,0.00005179509,0.0000064672677,9.538228e-7,0.0000016740336,0.00009631685,0.0000011750955,0.0001586221],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998265,0.000027890761,0.000008099122,0.000038424372,0.000039851744,0.000059354068],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99946946,0.000081130136,0.00019569516,0.000017820414,0.000096737545,0.00013924004],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001800426,0.00015716329,0.00019588956,0.0004533467,0.00047197542,0.0006679425,0.0001800498,0.00018187135,0.00056143646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00085445755,0.0001651426,0.000121261386,0.0005448597,0.00064855494,0.00021673575,0.00028058497,0.00012990912,0.00007643704],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000073933785,0.000016543776,0.9936894,0.0000059211275,0.000025678419,0.000048003483,0.00025398325,0.000101177,0.004143139,0.000017981078,0.00004547185,0.0015787573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.661225e-7,0.000009709446,0.99972016,6.6190785e-7,0.000002278971,0.000009452479,0.000079956924,0.00008969032,0.0000472885,0.0000062557856,0.00003288713,7.0034724e-7],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4198274,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.69291306,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4198274,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019071365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011791049,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83476746},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2103740030","doi":"10.1899/08-103.1","title":"Instream C sources for primary consumers in two temperate, oligotrophic rivers: possible evidence of bryophytes as a food source","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Canada Research Chairs; Parks Canada","keywords":"Macrophyte; Trophic level; Algae; Primary producers; Ecology; δ13C; Bryophyte; Environmental science; Aquatic plant; Biology; δ15N; Phytoplankton; Stable isotope ratio; Nutrient","score_opus":0.013251949450434437,"score_gpt":0.2656381561472845,"score_spread":0.25238620669685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2103740030","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998394,0.00001196438,0.000014659763,0.0000033828767,1.8037407e-7,0.0000016493037,0.000048242346,5.9894285e-7,0.00007973427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994211,0.000025930485,0.00013145036,0.000012498177,6.5013336e-7,0.000006337937,0.00020320866,0.00000110035,0.00019778855],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998441,0.00002126522,0.000016170876,0.00004487393,0.00003428125,0.000039190385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995302,0.000067564404,0.00013070936,0.000016932714,0.00014053969,0.00011409592],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021850296,0.00020473283,0.00024046398,0.0007724263,0.00094095996,0.0006165122,0.00025832935,0.0002936314,0.0004770979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00041637817,0.00033258938,0.00016958546,0.0007950444,0.0006333722,0.00025467062,0.00052281126,0.00022804439,0.00008038932],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009478558,0.000018082572,0.99150276,0.000010477763,0.000018696632,0.00008977757,0.000903095,0.000037535556,0.0058138533,0.000017378003,0.000025645893,0.0014678647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024082237,0.000020661675,0.99903023,0.0000017735414,0.0000067737046,0.000025517778,0.0006375349,0.000082420964,0.00014665084,0.000005949853,0.000038118316,0.0000020376342],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3210156,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7098431,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3210156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016880624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014400937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.63829416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112535801","doi":"10.1899/10-052.1","title":"Effects of broad-scale geological changes on patterns in macroinvertebrate assemblages","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Natural Resources","keywords":"Shield; Abiotic component; STREAMS; Benthic zone; Ecology; Habitat; Spatial ecology; Geology; Precambrian; Environmental science; Invertebrate; Hydrology (agriculture); Biology","score_opus":0.012840011031152102,"score_gpt":0.19517638468923576,"score_spread":0.18233637365808367,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112535801","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995085,0.000070796304,0.00004433253,0.000021136548,0.0000015382277,0.0000027095189,0.00011048618,0.0000042142597,0.00023627526],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997329,0.000037770827,0.00005030914,0.000015563492,0.0000016798764,0.0000023047605,0.00010633436,0.0000013464282,0.00005181611],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997209,0.00008977708,0.000023994164,0.00007488604,0.000030558338,0.00006001182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987658,0.00028893322,0.0005032415,0.00012809907,0.00009262442,0.0002212121],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00041867833,0.00018003487,0.00020666885,0.0007190148,0.00032083096,0.00044507225,0.00022190249,0.00023186322,0.0012556949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002054336,0.00017927754,0.00026559594,0.00058889494,0.00087554613,0.00027557585,0.0007263452,0.00021546979,0.00008020119],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028109373,0.00003765478,0.9838848,0.000029491917,0.00017747881,0.00017011128,0.00036677637,0.0005627397,0.008320283,0.00007602784,0.00012149909,0.005972],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.3101044e-7,0.0000124313665,0.99979824,5.7368084e-7,0.0000042729685,0.000008020416,0.000048673413,0.000051932293,0.000035554167,0.0000057690936,0.00003325911,7.68055e-7],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.026806483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07169684,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026806483,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00051712233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00034182923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.053300858},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2112993010","doi":"10.1899/09-110.1","title":"Benthic cyanobacteria and filamentous chlorophytes affect macroinvertebrate assemblages in a large fluvial lake","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal; Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Macrophyte; Benthic zone; Ecology; Biomass (ecology); Eutrophication; Invertebrate; Lyngbya; Aquatic plant; Cyanobacteria; Tributary; Biology; Environmental science; Nutrient; Geography","score_opus":0.005036933541921989,"score_gpt":0.2182292695492298,"score_spread":0.2131923360073078,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2112993010","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998317,0.00000793075,0.000010741781,0.0000052393116,2.3259847e-7,0.0000014271013,0.000035667363,0.000002503406,0.00010466549],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997266,0.0000072505077,0.000030247378,0.000009095544,5.313873e-7,0.0000032019507,0.000076048505,7.9451047e-7,0.00014628205],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999044,0.000009474684,0.000006557741,0.00002646043,0.000017893406,0.00003526357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999814,0.000019926601,0.000037333244,0.000005622823,0.000043162592,0.00008000036],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011811985,0.00026631838,0.00021311644,0.00048039865,0.0009896664,0.0005154494,0.00022709813,0.0003546547,0.0009063899],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00027051242,0.00018316178,0.00020618505,0.00041141038,0.00058195216,0.00033425563,0.0006426426,0.000140066,0.0001264202],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00020999499,0.0000643907,0.9660311,0.000032968506,0.000047866433,0.00030282163,0.0018469474,0.0002857046,0.02783946,0.00004369492,0.00017028586,0.003124767],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000021630321,0.000031700245,0.9992042,0.0000015854267,0.0000075805815,0.000019969695,0.00035860934,0.00019510159,0.00011329097,0.0000053856843,0.00005707133,0.0000033574877],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.24379814,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5378061,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.24379814,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016130658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011012014,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.48475814},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2114530297","doi":"10.2307/1468319","title":"Foodweb analysis of the Orinoco floodplain based on production estimates and stable isotope data","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":212,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"National Science Foundation","keywords":"Trophic level; Food web; Periphyton; Trophic state index; Macrophyte; Floodplain; Isotope analysis; Biomass (ecology); Ecology; Environmental science; Zooplankton; Primary producers; Phytoplankton; Biology; Nutrient","score_opus":0.02084965999436884,"score_gpt":0.25695470411430754,"score_spread":0.2361050441199387,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2114530297","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963419,0.00012619923,0.0012905503,0.0000093984445,0.000001042582,0.00003046505,0.0010031458,0.00003627024,0.0011609455],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9907045,0.00017469093,0.005822706,0.000006907407,0.0000026881303,0.0000767298,0.0019246916,0.00002007872,0.0012669881],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99993,0.000014183021,0.000005555719,0.00002044998,0.000014979228,0.000014717576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983597,0.000037311922,0.000046739155,0.0000131550505,0.000045787343,0.00002099967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00026226556,0.00033838194,0.0001950516,0.0026076834,0.00035185865,0.0004087977,0.00012969117,0.000084780964,0.0014917295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042425466,0.00020315172,0.00027489726,0.0013421343,0.00014515122,0.00018646759,0.0003332149,0.00012526989,0.00015164675],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001911904,0.0000595034,0.9112243,0.00009614225,0.0001029027,0.00022115829,0.00043929004,0.002289402,0.041754667,0.00022599068,0.0003251948,0.043070264],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000022785832,0.0000117947775,0.9979061,0.000003697074,0.000008314459,0.000033397682,0.000052785013,0.0012735222,0.00038140445,0.000028158289,0.00029579242,0.000002827075],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06754935,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14255257,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06754935,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007492465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004315521,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13431233},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2116468251","doi":"10.1899/07-076.1","title":"Using landscape ecology to understand and manage freshwater mussel populations","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":124,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trent University","funders":"","keywords":"Mussel; Ecology; Habitat; Landscape ecology; Watershed; Biology","score_opus":0.06321706314708836,"score_gpt":0.27361387798123077,"score_spread":0.2103968148341424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2116468251","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8720565,0.002586368,0.10992427,0.0025580842,0.000032115993,0.00009324595,0.0004747172,0.000634038,0.011640704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783382,0.0005628457,0.020438105,0.00009506026,0.000013882295,0.00003065139,0.00015972964,0.000015207221,0.00034634786],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997627,0.00011022756,0.000015471243,0.00005066733,0.000027930051,0.0000329771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99934095,0.00017051527,0.00025924415,0.000043132215,0.00012416388,0.00006200942],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00062618253,0.00021511222,0.00030446262,0.001513369,0.0002909867,0.0013246937,0.0004044169,0.00038279555,0.0010645646],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0020403059,0.00015255508,0.0002875123,0.00057936815,0.00039818787,0.0012276606,0.0006107297,0.00024318763,0.00012528816],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000059387385,0.00014703455,0.5979761,0.00019948334,0.00047529556,0.00025035176,0.0004853105,0.12338727,0.004007544,0.0064822733,0.0024226424,0.26410738],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000055051078,0.00019693747,0.65994626,0.0001567392,0.00019044307,0.00019673588,0.0017437704,0.30466053,0.0013843398,0.023654584,0.0077475747,0.0000670434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.013834689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.028746191,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.013834689,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010700659,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00053820433,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.027508318},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2125139339","doi":"10.1899/08-092.1","title":"Effects of ontogenetic stage and density on the ecological role of the signal crayfish (<i><i>Pacifastacus leniusculus</i></i>) in a coastal Pacific stream","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Crustacean biology and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Pacifastacus; Crayfish; Cobble; Biology; Ecology; Invertebrate; Detritus; Biomass (ecology); Habitat","score_opus":0.00494819054089845,"score_gpt":0.19434293110251538,"score_spread":0.18939474056161693,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2125139339","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997389,0.000034241377,0.000018057828,0.0000049541386,6.015586e-7,0.0000027695826,0.000043745335,0.0000013424233,0.00015542665],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988539,0.00006415419,0.00012328658,0.000014663272,0.0000020722086,0.000019733716,0.00015059418,0.000003991614,0.0007677117],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99990404,0.000016661139,0.0000068437325,0.000034709792,0.00001615184,0.000021538344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993869,0.00011135055,0.00016450159,0.000027109196,0.00005785485,0.00025213943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013715008,0.00025952517,0.0001857034,0.0004440315,0.0003457491,0.00040061394,0.0002098757,0.00024163863,0.0010725938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00047523284,0.000320356,0.00016029022,0.00013778517,0.00035109048,0.00029466368,0.00045175632,0.00040813084,0.0001535583],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0023954746,0.00044208198,0.553056,0.00006923181,0.00006695232,0.00065673416,0.00077632023,0.00054013694,0.4284053,0.00015460713,0.00026834756,0.013168802],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000030551166,0.000113285925,0.9981188,0.0000017378834,0.0000052078335,0.000028523255,0.00008038164,0.0001572347,0.001401628,0.000008520227,0.00007865106,0.000002861522],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00764633,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.022326197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00764633,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00068693206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00033798988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015203655},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2126880668","doi":"10.1899/09-046.1","title":"An evaluation of deuterium as a food source tracer in temperate streams of eastern Canada","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Aquatic ecosystem; TRACER; Food web; STREAMS; Benthic zone; δ13C; Environmental science; Environmental chemistry; Isotope analysis; Stable isotope ratio; Ecosystem; Range (aeronautics); Isotope; δ15N; Trophic level; Biology; Ecology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.01277094993958448,"score_gpt":0.2558193970076472,"score_spread":0.24304844706806275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2126880668","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977367,0.000208601,0.00048603333,0.000033250828,0.000002618989,0.00003322696,0.00033696528,0.000013042911,0.0011497049],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939078,0.00033791777,0.004100536,0.000062309,0.0000022562208,0.00002101835,0.00047969073,0.00002011974,0.0010683582],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995633,0.000037111273,0.000020213472,0.00012427763,0.00016645814,0.00008862904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991584,0.00007394896,0.00006856617,0.000019621377,0.0005667974,0.00011262178],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072628085,0.0003622325,0.0004068038,0.00087278953,0.0026215122,0.00132749,0.00069035887,0.0003358177,0.0004961991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009462031,0.00027946953,0.00019223886,0.0017736752,0.0007126093,0.0003289259,0.000489806,0.0003154703,0.000082591534],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007933429,0.00009491688,0.9058512,0.0001319862,0.000103071405,0.0002918022,0.0024048926,0.0014495634,0.060104236,0.00028861006,0.0002787401,0.02820772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004190113,0.00014184964,0.97581613,0.000030292364,0.000099648285,0.000110411835,0.0024189067,0.005835903,0.012275355,0.000100077705,0.003091376,0.000038203663],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9731846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.99251384,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.026815414,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.013758338,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.014319212,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09982419},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2130403970","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2005)024<0148:bmcisl>2.0.co;2","title":"Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in southwestern Lake Ontario following invasion of Dreissena and Echinogammarus: 1983 to 2000","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Dreissena; Cobble; Benthic zone; Ecology; Abundance (ecology); Biology; Neogobius; Corbicula fluminea; Fishery; Bivalvia; Mollusca; Invasive species; Habitat","score_opus":0.015866713935708588,"score_gpt":0.230451642103524,"score_spread":0.2145849281678154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2130403970","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989587,0.00007667678,0.000017987435,0.000037462014,0.0000012680671,0.0000062976937,0.00032392438,0.0000030149106,0.0005745666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99742484,0.00013716133,0.00008648891,0.000043235734,0.0000019228355,0.000014677512,0.00060756033,0.0000016852349,0.0016824689],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998461,0.0000060984707,0.000008000441,0.000025963811,0.000060905113,0.000052898224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993886,0.00001985209,0.00017659452,0.000011018698,0.00023829359,0.00016566466],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011170175,0.00017808867,0.0001848221,0.00042189815,0.0014165518,0.0005997679,0.00032022988,0.00030760697,0.00089845405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044769293,0.00027175117,0.00015384628,0.00072847377,0.0003912732,0.00028899798,0.00059890136,0.00021146495,0.00016963738],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011195134,0.000027214037,0.9866708,0.000042895877,0.000031220483,0.00018795584,0.0030263367,0.00010061981,0.0043423465,0.000030268242,0.0005428689,0.0048855133],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018772089,0.000008234889,0.99892944,0.0000038005128,0.000004344985,0.000014979073,0.00039632517,0.000052379022,0.00007981783,0.0000024734888,0.0005044862,0.0000017900754],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9221124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9870983,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.077887595,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0090492545,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0039208415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1566925},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2133217086","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2006)025[0800:rpiagg]2.0.co;2","title":"Resource partitioning in a grazer guild feeding on a multilayer diatom mat","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":46,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Guild; Periphyton; Diatom; Ecology; Biology; Epiphyte; Algae; Context (archaeology); Benthos; Foraging; Ecosystem; Benthic zone; Habitat","score_opus":0.009147316492162282,"score_gpt":0.19722472644278974,"score_spread":0.18807740995062747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2133217086","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99986684,0.00001536457,0.00003173855,0.0000029165024,1.2859893e-7,0.0000010142,0.000026189688,9.0631823e-7,0.00005491623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992655,0.000023311326,0.00034702968,0.0000064984033,5.1573386e-7,0.000002173382,0.000105823034,0.0000013325016,0.00024777593],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999256,0.000009114072,0.000003377617,0.000022179247,0.000013518278,0.000026253969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997962,0.000028600387,0.000056328165,0.000010059874,0.000042323732,0.00006644414],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001893094,0.00019234777,0.0002554393,0.0006171674,0.00059267355,0.00039055807,0.00017952643,0.00017500295,0.00095542375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00035929572,0.0001813816,0.00013446386,0.00030825782,0.00027105407,0.0001870424,0.00026433638,0.00013588712,0.00011545888],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023116704,0.0000517045,0.93460625,0.000028690853,0.00007267171,0.00016754559,0.0005854997,0.00038423503,0.05680688,0.00007132254,0.00013076318,0.006863295],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000012755407,0.000021751144,0.9989672,0.0000012610085,0.0000048715647,0.000043238713,0.00008043293,0.0006196197,0.00020475785,0.000008793898,0.000044819866,0.0000021654537],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.18268232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.49164897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18268232,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012299008,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005054592,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36323804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2140343670","doi":"10.1899/07-132.1","title":"Surviving in anoxic surroundings: how burrowing aquatic insects create an oxic microhabitat","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"","keywords":"Burrow; Mayfly; Biology; Nymph; Ecology; Sediment; Anoxic waters; Paleontology","score_opus":0.02065290723398395,"score_gpt":0.2062810186379112,"score_spread":0.18562811140392727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2140343670","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99944216,0.00007397053,0.00014516852,0.0000072432413,7.41804e-7,0.000002678119,0.000014511185,0.0000027922013,0.00031074314],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988967,0.0001110614,0.000635231,0.000020241028,0.0000020423693,0.000004529755,0.000047760263,0.0000019065099,0.00028038587],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9999417,0.000006422109,0.0000029254204,0.000023018554,0.000008261697,0.000017701615],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99988675,0.000014479961,0.000047299178,0.0000058035653,0.000012340363,0.00003324246],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008584711,0.00019970436,0.00013798053,0.0002576092,0.000268,0.00045363497,0.00021133474,0.00022800025,0.0003586101],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001557952,0.00014909318,0.00009603133,0.00013129169,0.000313658,0.00040117305,0.00038433255,0.00016950107,0.00007739693],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021901142,0.0000620401,0.17878155,0.0001164425,0.0000290124,0.00036898695,0.0012688012,0.00039108726,0.80420125,0.000094627096,0.00006860012,0.014398532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000060831076,0.00033437094,0.9827157,0.0000128162865,0.00002518804,0.00021845517,0.0010373355,0.0008668915,0.014044173,0.000068766916,0.00065904367,0.000011072083],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028767227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0110441055,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0028767227,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020918706,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012899986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0057199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2154776802","doi":"10.1899/09-081.1","title":"Molecular approaches promise a deeper and broader understanding of the evolutionary ecology of aquatic hyphomycetes","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Allison University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biology; Hyphomycetes; Microbial ecology; DNA; Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis; Polymerase chain reaction; Gene; Computational biology; Genetics; Evolutionary biology; Ecology; Bacteria","score_opus":0.025217902849021652,"score_gpt":0.20250991582099773,"score_spread":0.17729201297197608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2154776802","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.36154938,0.13542455,0.44921708,0.015802354,0.0009908146,0.00029580866,0.0036921427,0.001195,0.03183287],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4518027,0.112015285,0.41929102,0.002586919,0.00082586595,0.0002909332,0.0022926822,0.00012772727,0.010766836],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997172,0.00009157249,0.000025054278,0.00008575835,0.000043961187,0.000036491325],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987999,0.000524237,0.00023658448,0.00013898789,0.00016576017,0.00013452476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011419719,0.0007558618,0.00071256177,0.001241341,0.00040149712,0.001299068,0.0005917944,0.0012443116,0.0031463979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008081791,0.00030242652,0.000582887,0.0007110179,0.0009240232,0.0027115957,0.0004983546,0.0019497038,0.0010108405],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002034823,0.0002682498,0.016826723,0.0017004495,0.00017458874,0.0005331702,0.00028873514,0.0037963584,0.70282465,0.027925652,0.0013633766,0.24409452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00015889922,0.0022515822,0.23501898,0.0013902644,0.00057160825,0.0054102372,0.0030106176,0.023543343,0.24588583,0.15658331,0.3258214,0.00035395627],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005760572,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014023214,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0031463979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004476874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00042213287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010525763},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2155670426","doi":"10.1899/04-092.1","title":"High fidelity: isotopic relationship between stream invertebrates and their gut contents","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Fractionation; δ15N; δ13C; Benthic zone; Stable isotope ratio; Predation; Invertebrate; Isotope analysis; Isotope; Biology; Isotopes of nitrogen; Environmental chemistry; Zoology; Chemistry; Ecology; Chromatography","score_opus":0.022876877664620755,"score_gpt":0.24504580220348846,"score_spread":0.2221689245388677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2155670426","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99937373,0.000049366627,0.000084310086,0.000010586997,7.110048e-7,0.0000035704668,0.00009920693,0.000002236042,0.00037628965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993062,0.000026380445,0.00015587971,0.000017077322,8.9614974e-7,0.000003231856,0.00012083038,0.0000021929523,0.00036724462],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99947864,0.0000698197,0.0000300906,0.00015316358,0.00014001259,0.00012825763],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99880993,0.00014398065,0.00038426125,0.00010103289,0.00039080152,0.00017004168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00037245994,0.00013194808,0.00024682423,0.00044346464,0.0007534106,0.00061094336,0.0004700775,0.00030052607,0.0009868466],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016537234,0.00028572843,0.00008927856,0.0005326455,0.00077372836,0.00024950475,0.00064382394,0.00030907887,0.0001365325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000038312184,0.000009322877,0.9939673,0.000007693145,0.000026022599,0.0000506297,0.00027055645,0.000044549637,0.003287937,0.000025960308,0.00004528741,0.002226404],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010193222,0.0000093143,0.99952805,0.0000016834995,0.0000041788667,0.000053940435,0.000113530725,0.000041006188,0.0001420461,0.000010453869,0.0000929387,0.0000018265068],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.38073862,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.78508896,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38073862,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0019953449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00095460156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7570449},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2175979084","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[465:csscaw]2.0.co;2","title":"Chironomid species, stream classification, and water-quality assessment: the case of 2 Iberian Mediterranean mountain regions","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Ordination; Mediterranean climate; Environmental science; STREAMS; Ecology; Water quality; Ecosystem; Hydrology (agriculture); River ecosystem; Fluvial; Geology; Biology; Structural basin; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.02884517595839303,"score_gpt":0.2482812012181303,"score_spread":0.21943602525973727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2175979084","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994617,0.00019146182,0.00006434499,0.000012774745,0.0000011289138,0.0000033726003,0.00005634558,0.0000011645607,0.00020777197],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992514,0.00011521444,0.0003235176,0.000010870904,0.0000054431107,0.0000057913217,0.00017789014,0.0000014073797,0.00010843439],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994863,0.00022649067,0.000041177722,0.000119299155,0.000043662316,0.00008305604],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999198,0.00022160816,0.00031698766,0.00008047775,0.00009126006,0.00009169679],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014173574,0.0003362085,0.00038293132,0.0014542409,0.00026754377,0.0006583064,0.00034627126,0.000381124,0.00064736954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0016822786,0.00013664059,0.00027739975,0.0010243367,0.00031577962,0.00024539663,0.0005403707,0.0001774334,0.00008085692],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011096699,0.000032638174,0.9921136,0.000018712504,0.00006421315,0.00024293581,0.00024659472,0.0004426058,0.0003864222,0.00002365498,0.000045406105,0.006272183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000032158666,0.000022150938,0.9987607,0.000007279874,0.000016008416,0.00009356582,0.0002290607,0.0006529559,0.000061569066,0.000020881182,0.00013011294,0.0000023670784],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024654465,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02951649,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.024654465,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005523046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024696926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04902196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2178723118","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[379:saadov]2.0.co;2","title":"Substratum as a driver of variation in periphyton chlorophyll and productivity in lakes","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":105,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Periphyton; Productivity; Phytoplankton; Chlorophyll a; Biomass (ecology); Algae; Chlorophyll; Environmental science; Biology; Ecology; Macrophyte; Nutrient; Botany","score_opus":0.004411743388548882,"score_gpt":0.19590478462686428,"score_spread":0.1914930412383154,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2178723118","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99968374,0.00006245654,0.00004231155,0.0000068477734,5.070006e-7,0.0000015117402,0.00008730353,0.0000026928128,0.000112586575],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99975806,0.00001599669,0.00005495499,0.0000070504107,6.7064065e-7,0.000001835929,0.00010062834,0.0000015325753,0.00005921494],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997998,0.00003461693,0.000015476244,0.00006486441,0.00004345954,0.00004170003],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994475,0.00009981776,0.00016780953,0.000032014945,0.00012640656,0.00012646023],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002500358,0.00016794537,0.00024662475,0.00065824215,0.0006527459,0.00062835956,0.0002917901,0.00028150377,0.00060635677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007103264,0.0001955227,0.00018214123,0.00072200096,0.0005303897,0.0002718004,0.00057649665,0.00015053955,0.00008671694],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076792465,0.000009051422,0.9892987,0.000009913058,0.00007429181,0.000047042635,0.00019721777,0.0001365228,0.008692093,0.00002266319,0.00003989815,0.0013959489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[6.033685e-7,0.0000066294597,0.99975806,5.699192e-7,0.000005010382,0.0000092423825,0.000047390073,0.000093725655,0.00005589797,0.0000056193785,0.00001620201,0.000001048133],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.17536831,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.32308212,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17536831,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001653436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007519593,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3486951},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2208037890","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2004)023<0237:wcieoa>2.0.co;2","title":"Winterkill cascade: indirect effects of a natural disturbance on littoral macroinvertebrates in boreal lakes","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries","keywords":"Littoral zone; Esox; Boreal; Ecology; Perch; Invertebrate; Pike; Minnow; Biology; Biomass (ecology); Disturbance (geology); Fishery; Piscivore; Periphyton; Fish <Actinopterygii>; Environmental science; Predator; Predation","score_opus":0.005123836093321449,"score_gpt":0.21347639445018896,"score_spread":0.2083525583568675,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2208037890","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.999782,0.000018900677,0.000020290212,0.0000058961677,5.930774e-7,0.0000029745188,0.000025060444,0.0000035764658,0.00014057857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99973446,0.0000184242,0.000058251953,0.00001598902,0.0000015629594,0.0000055590945,0.00006953639,0.0000015975813,0.000094604475],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972266,0.000052638483,0.000017367634,0.000059807728,0.00006597133,0.0000814575],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99939644,0.00004973132,0.00022210542,0.000034139997,0.00007405057,0.0002234897],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003289996,0.00030553705,0.0002845345,0.00045029284,0.0006982849,0.0005655405,0.00031101616,0.00023630654,0.00061082834],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007905847,0.00019938208,0.00034240884,0.00022136762,0.0006478661,0.00032689795,0.00072884245,0.00024932428,0.00005299416],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00067449315,0.00020347322,0.958199,0.000037137408,0.00015329213,0.00033463282,0.00073144777,0.0005301034,0.03342692,0.000053562133,0.00019200976,0.00546384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000026782723,0.000054706226,0.9995413,6.9027783e-7,0.0000064895803,0.000016813021,0.00008285072,0.00011735148,0.00014552948,0.000004902406,0.000025046334,0.0000017448039],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.10572111,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.31190464,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.10572111,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018317045,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00075507164,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.21021152},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4231210288","doi":"10.1899/0887-3593(2005)024\\[0478:bavacu\\]2.0.co;2","title":"Benthic assemblage variation among channel units in high-gradient streams on Vancouver Island, British Columbia","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Benthic zone; Perennial stream; STREAMS; Ecology; Ephemeral key; Riffle; Bedrock; Habitat; Geology; Biology; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.007464063759021228,"score_gpt":0.17771069287333066,"score_spread":0.17024662911430943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4231210288","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989753,0.00013949117,0.000038579685,0.00001109076,0.0000017609086,0.000007934861,0.00029382855,0.0000033854146,0.00052860094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99873394,0.0001525201,0.000119092656,0.000019054189,0.0000011993139,0.00000823711,0.00044231812,0.0000023802397,0.0005213198],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995708,0.00004133268,0.000036013273,0.00009080438,0.00013135563,0.00012975669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991303,0.000056594185,0.00014724574,0.00002664244,0.00037020617,0.00026912606],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002566367,0.00022812701,0.0002619769,0.0014356778,0.0014934529,0.0011333288,0.00040397112,0.00023904214,0.0012369697],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008023156,0.000293254,0.00012744806,0.0022199028,0.00061663147,0.00019997229,0.00053736015,0.00019694715,0.00018746947],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000025933221,0.000016831256,0.9927806,0.000017307373,0.000027247594,0.0000758515,0.0005968667,0.00006897649,0.0008620455,0.000019159012,0.00026573957,0.005243548],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000011406084,0.0000049697483,0.99937445,0.0000067828273,0.0000039379315,0.00002310512,0.00034183502,0.00006385901,0.000023766122,0.0000030983995,0.00015147169,0.0000017008814],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.8844916,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9804961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11550838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0045436476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002847412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.23237723},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}