{"meta":{"query_hash":"459501190a02","filters":{"venue":"Knowledge"},"cohort_total":6,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"exported":6,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/459501190a02","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Knowledge"},"results":[{"id":"W4214561022","doi":"10.3390/knowledge2010006","title":"How Elementary Pre-Service Teachers Use Scientific Knowledge to Justify Their Reasoning about the Electrification Phenomena by Friction","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics education; Qualitative research; Service (business); Qualitative analysis; Pencil (optics); Psychology; Computer science; Management science; Sociology; Engineering; Social science; Business; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.07208664467772045,"score_gpt":0.3582484322711386,"score_spread":0.28616178759341815,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4214561022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93620443,0.0022719412,0.0006119859,0.032870214,0.005604156,0.0012969035,0.00005764409,0.00024647263,0.02083628],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9373687,0.000026285838,0.00008792634,0.000550202,0.00065653655,0.0003827545,0.00008190934,0.000018833338,0.06082688],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99711555,0.0010740425,0.0002181368,0.000569214,0.00045102075,0.0005720091],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99852854,0.00034544582,0.00013834862,0.00047029523,0.00028601024,0.00023136717],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035751578,0.00016079139,0.00012658488,0.00021348243,0.0065058237,0.00094431924,0.000994771,0.000052971394,0.0006318073],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004553143,0.00013794299,0.000065083455,0.0030195452,0.00020154304,0.00057436345,0.00011721841,0.00039119757,0.00017676294],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017022354,0.00037013317,0.002225052,0.00000766213,0.000018128965,9.9779534e-8,0.6263851,0.000032049295,0.010074306,0.010900261,0.27741244,0.072557725],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00010836421,0.00003439313,0.003503671,0.0000064459186,0.000015214484,5.715416e-7,0.11615823,0.0004083883,0.0005708855,0.000087387605,0.87893826,0.00016819943],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015164663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012055792,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6015258,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00082922267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009053012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9947876},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4224283948","doi":"10.3390/knowledge2020013","title":"The Rise of Platinum Open Access Journals with Both Impact Factors and Zero Article Processing Charges","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Publishing; Citation; Scholarly communication; Open science; Political science; Library science; Public relations; Business; Computer science; Law","score_opus":0.6456818896578179,"score_gpt":0.6366664748306502,"score_spread":0.009015414827167723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4224283948","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98709154,0.0067902263,0.000285077,0.0002732119,0.00010708279,0.00027916225,0.000035150802,0.0000070801534,0.0051314635],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99818736,0.00009759929,0.00005163261,0.000008378342,0.000019588113,0.000016218495,4.41233e-7,0.000009667585,0.0016090896],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.995257,0.00032440625,0.00045787464,0.0003726688,0.0031627868,0.00042524765],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949244,0.0028780724,0.00037916924,0.00041355845,0.0011281334,0.00027663825],"candidate_categories":["bibliometrics","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.015111575,0.00011592742,0.0002678013,0.008316253,0.0015045464,0.008132431,0.00430297,0.000024432227,0.00083496975],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005805498,0.00005154484,0.000060689592,0.07329668,0.00022695959,0.001426215,0.00380595,0.00026900694,0.000010028358],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006848491,0.00013959255,0.86634034,0.0000042114484,0.000017637307,0.0000027309802,0.0010752503,0.000036514357,0.00088555866,0.00008563558,0.008610796,0.12273323],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006636161,0.00035541973,0.9634333,0.000014349392,0.0000077277045,0.000012733536,0.001870091,0.0066367784,0.0029409851,0.0051156115,0.018797014,0.00015233581],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000102593025,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004713954,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12258089,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000081111895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004314941,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997954},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4396747971","doi":"10.3390/knowledge4020013","title":"Patterns of Service Utilization across the Full Continuum of Care: Using Patient Journeys to Assess Disparities in Access to Health Services","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge","topic":"Healthcare Policy and Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Toronto; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Continuum of care; Health services; Service (business); Health care; Business; Nursing; Medicine; Gerontology; Environmental health; Economic growth; Marketing; Economics; Population","score_opus":0.1647682294378127,"score_gpt":0.3969564472924568,"score_spread":0.23218821785464414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4396747971","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820519,0.004786577,0.0033691928,0.0068684495,0.00084230106,0.00067418884,0.00054281217,0.000018752533,0.0008458447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980099,0.0001370992,0.000069134534,0.001604606,0.0000695113,0.000037920803,0.000013395582,0.000017919565,0.0000404909],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986383,0.00005098369,0.0007157555,0.00025128992,0.000043066168,0.0003006467],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932075,0.000058586513,0.00017933469,0.00025160745,0.00010238892,0.00008731506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00054057554,0.00011110897,0.00033664168,0.00023572886,0.00006815999,0.000114241906,0.00032014822,0.000045652723,0.00002077939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000019925128,0.00010490021,0.00004723884,0.00067824096,0.000008480893,0.00019780982,0.00030445418,0.00008979442,0.000028094437],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00011555385,0.00049345254,0.27372235,0.04178976,0.00015989614,0.0000057003645,0.44157192,0.0031352192,0.00008791438,0.17381257,0.0017340552,0.063371606],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008769908,0.0007271383,0.68459314,0.0059259385,0.000020503056,0.0000032637413,0.025071908,0.017522711,0.0022450122,0.0044220914,0.25778076,0.0008105297],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.030990094,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.128953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4165,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019055582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006476143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9754626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401694589","doi":"10.3390/knowledge4030024","title":"Use of Patterns of Service Utilization and Hierarchical Survival Analysis in Planning and Providing Care for Overdose Patients and Predicting the Time-to-Second Overdose","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge","topic":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Dalhousie University; University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Cohort; Opioid overdose; Medicine; Drug overdose; Cohort study; Medical emergency; Intensive care medicine; Opioid; Poison control; Emergency medicine; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.034332428515293965,"score_gpt":0.31115840974061293,"score_spread":0.276825981225319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401694589","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99613017,0.002594312,0.00009131927,0.00007717977,0.000033550594,0.0007290205,0.00022862625,0.0000147396495,0.00010105528],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999549,0.000026866743,0.000112299604,0.000026267813,0.000016792774,0.000027543263,0.0001416315,0.000017735725,0.00008187261],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99923426,0.000048906695,0.00024043933,0.00025162456,0.00010145271,0.00012330861],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993003,0.00036896064,0.000046223682,0.000116759555,0.000107502,0.000060236624],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00011635599,0.00011545916,0.00028546792,0.00023607437,0.00004092683,0.000026740923,0.000028765948,0.00005218882,0.000011872743],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00010760572,0.00008625518,0.00003524221,0.00037832506,0.000021778278,0.00008685037,0.00009116204,0.0000728686,4.419624e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000114781236,0.00010577262,0.9587304,0.0023596273,0.00024273232,0.0000017003065,0.03168967,0.000020042797,0.0002724436,0.00004059852,0.000012235442,0.006410018],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011819056,0.00024791897,0.96166915,0.00072650047,0.00063286634,8.365556e-7,0.001610989,0.032708265,0.0006505433,0.0000102585755,0.000479557,0.00008121295],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000099941266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00037816065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03268822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030272247,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004602149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.35173842},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406706224","doi":"10.3390/knowledge5010001","title":"A Deterministic Model for Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Patterns Under Turing’s Instability Perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge","topic":"Slime Mold and Myxomycetes Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Bloom; Perspective (graphical); Instability; Algal bloom; Computer science; Turing; Biology; Ecology; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Programming language; Phytoplankton","score_opus":0.028308401541900226,"score_gpt":0.32180107367016897,"score_spread":0.29349267212826874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406706224","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9306339,0.0010140672,0.03700654,0.00021205103,0.0006895077,0.0009135294,0.00015020555,0.00049211475,0.02888807],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99651504,0.000017734952,0.00033099265,0.00003852121,0.00010592045,0.00022150118,0.0000072135313,0.000034380017,0.0027287256],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989674,0.000023259552,0.00018681552,0.00031190133,0.0000915091,0.0004190996],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992186,0.0001695049,0.000010421136,0.00032288887,0.00018509656,0.00009351235],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00013950666,0.00018717363,0.00021392279,0.00014684665,0.00009732527,0.00005278159,0.00023995452,0.00010109892,0.000057044617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009163193,0.00018699162,0.00012680479,0.00015642137,0.000048704198,0.0000695253,0.00010478199,0.00021446633,0.000046255198],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0014612606,0.005956682,0.10972466,0.020410432,0.00512987,0.00011857982,0.100932255,0.12851492,0.14511761,0.23233326,0.069232225,0.18106827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001071596,0.00004653406,0.012263096,0.000086927386,0.000051319123,0.0000019133931,0.00058848644,0.96834,0.008664783,0.0063286694,0.002260917,0.00029579856],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000022551636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021989361,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.83982503,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036316476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001294709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7625297},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117293590","doi":"10.3390/knowledge6010002","title":"Enriching Human–AI Collaboration: The Ontological Service Framework Leveraging Large Language Models for Value Creation in Conversational AI","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Knowledge","topic":"AI in Service Interactions","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Public Works and Government Services Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ontology; Agile software development; Workflow; Metadata; Service (business); Health care; Semantic Web; Quality (philosophy); Semantics (computer science)","score_opus":0.02374239731939936,"score_gpt":0.3597198773853716,"score_spread":0.3359774800659722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117293590","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.020276157,0.0002581275,0.9487419,0.021170631,0.00067828357,0.0004577754,0.000010151479,0.0001326868,0.008274249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97700363,0.000001833809,0.014246768,0.007850983,0.00015504949,0.00018047664,0.000028638779,0.000007293641,0.000525331],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.998821,0.00016600244,0.0002862455,0.00034562525,0.00014264576,0.00023846391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99819636,0.0008704218,0.000074774274,0.0004096341,0.00041799629,0.00003081969],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048642966,0.00013191019,0.00014832972,0.00014371374,0.00043874,0.00027648752,0.0006945788,0.00012657972,0.000028888033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014392975,0.000111975896,0.00005025593,0.0010150437,0.000018814322,0.0008515176,0.00022491059,0.0003526003,0.000033734806],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000740208,0.000119020886,0.0010352907,0.000034780285,0.000017856932,0.000001337169,0.016180115,0.005034085,0.0002048202,0.97545755,0.0014874815,0.00042028684],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004214211,0.000015587273,0.002273439,0.000103119804,0.00001184489,0.000001795565,0.0015803745,0.8396238,0.00037401405,0.14938514,0.006077422,0.00013204761],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000110613844,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016473985,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.95672745,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00023727359,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020497036,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45662445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}