{"meta":{"query_hash":"e89dbb419366","filters":{"venue":"Limnology"},"cohort_total":11,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":11,"exported":11,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/e89dbb419366","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Limnology"},"results":[{"id":"W1977148394","doi":"10.1007/s102010170007","title":"Release of phosphorus from sediments in Lake Biwa","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":57,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"McMaster University","keywords":"Dissolution; Phosphate; Phosphorus; Eutrophication; Sulfur; Environmental chemistry; Sediment; Sulfide; Sulfate; Chemistry; Precipitation; Adsorption; Algal bloom; Pyrite; Geology; Mineralogy; Nutrient; Phytoplankton; Geomorphology","score_opus":0.009217016901027194,"score_gpt":0.19301254351993766,"score_spread":0.18379552661891047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977148394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996263,0.000036795554,0.000026540452,0.00001837732,0.0000016055152,0.000002039873,0.000055863213,0.000002155978,0.00023039567],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990675,0.00006375307,0.00011259972,0.000011390554,0.0000020382233,0.000004921489,0.000103131206,0.0000020205148,0.0006327724],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99989927,0.000011381038,0.000012765282,0.000023141209,0.00002367043,0.000029767392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984884,0.000013138244,0.000035098255,0.0000060273687,0.00006500824,0.00003196083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015866375,0.00027256567,0.00029909034,0.0008817973,0.0017466813,0.0012595083,0.0003213247,0.000502775,0.00057063863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00043268304,0.00040349655,0.00016003472,0.0008544335,0.00048919383,0.0007191727,0.00083847786,0.00042758152,0.00016156475],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002963864,0.00013110359,0.55019444,0.0002912149,0.00018991836,0.0016396831,0.006319341,0.00070762326,0.4201376,0.00031137443,0.00030262576,0.01681121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027493961,0.00020387115,0.9776653,0.000016274182,0.00007649012,0.00021162242,0.0028511055,0.0011940576,0.016388886,0.00009153298,0.0012488622,0.000024395913],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08996888,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.15261525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08996888,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011265052,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009203834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1788904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978698146","doi":"10.1007/s10201-001-8033-5","title":"Effects of seston on ultraviolet attenuation in Lake Biwa","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"","keywords":"Attenuation; Water column; Attenuation coefficient; Photosynthetically active radiation; Irradiance; Colored dissolved organic matter; Environmental science; Dissolved organic carbon; Ultraviolet; Phytoplankton; Radiometer; Radiation; Atmospheric sciences; Oceanography; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Nutrient; Geology; Remote sensing; Materials science; Optics; Photosynthesis","score_opus":0.006439495231440211,"score_gpt":0.1904398619182201,"score_spread":0.18400036668677988,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978698146","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997633,0.000017380105,0.000009995052,0.000011319291,0.0000010206207,0.0000014317762,0.000014809051,9.815158e-7,0.00017969326],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99952734,0.000023203283,0.000036923124,0.000022062864,0.00000125965,0.000003359006,0.000034413577,0.0000015373209,0.00034988264],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998847,0.000026832135,0.000009670859,0.000019411986,0.000018744751,0.00004063147],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99959356,0.00009520265,0.00006072272,0.000013806477,0.00009028696,0.00014638761],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021589281,0.00030436943,0.00030428125,0.00036148267,0.0010830866,0.00067121035,0.00023741426,0.00045469697,0.0015483467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00066592125,0.00025855558,0.0002738707,0.00033285582,0.0005920815,0.0004171505,0.000908333,0.000510059,0.00017389281],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.017208956,0.00064937695,0.64866555,0.00023264695,0.00028054233,0.00076879817,0.0043793023,0.0008518,0.3146288,0.0002648043,0.00030113128,0.011768211],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000041863706,0.00096678495,0.9875146,0.000007656926,0.00008713304,0.000050376777,0.0017204196,0.0007451972,0.008456701,0.000060720864,0.00033601,0.000012488442],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07617829,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.14628635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07617829,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011656326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00083277357,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.15146977},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992648522","doi":"10.1007/s10201-009-0277-5","title":"Nutrient ratios and phytoplankton community structure in the large, shallow, eutrophic, subtropical Lakes Okeechobee (Florida, USA) and Taihu (China)","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","keywords":"Eutrophication; Phytoplankton; Cyanobacteria; Dominance (genetics); Diatom; Nutrient; Environmental science; Community structure; Subtropics; Ecology; Phosphorus; Biology; Chemistry","score_opus":0.007809872959742915,"score_gpt":0.22225081433136587,"score_spread":0.21444094137162295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1992648522","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9999254,0.000011783654,0.00000599238,0.000003410473,1.8670417e-7,4.217286e-7,0.000017529823,2.826148e-7,0.00003500941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997949,0.000012836681,0.00003337676,0.000008253695,4.0982056e-7,0.0000019495756,0.00005665711,3.546769e-7,0.000091360314],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994266,0.000007146004,0.000005977786,0.000016114524,0.000013651589,0.000014356055],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997807,0.00003081384,0.00006785465,0.000005841395,0.000044100245,0.00007073237],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00014043285,0.00014613447,0.00014414547,0.0006191113,0.00054727186,0.0003091042,0.00019570044,0.0001971649,0.0003512075],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003719848,0.00021138876,0.00010952832,0.00048741067,0.00038366613,0.00032847247,0.00034855757,0.00017458745,0.000046370806],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029988788,0.00004724001,0.9736892,0.000016960195,0.00006845664,0.000111101675,0.00085492816,0.00023090921,0.022052605,0.00006481753,0.00007046363,0.002493489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003434124,0.000014713882,0.9990319,6.756854e-7,0.000009588861,0.000025043528,0.00032714466,0.0003395896,0.00020439221,0.000013420326,0.000028044615,0.0000020225268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.12408238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.33861965,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12408238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00064926926,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.24672031},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1994835456","doi":"10.1007/s10201-014-0426-3","title":"Interference competition in a planktivorous fish (Rutilus rutilus) at different prey densities and temperatures","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"University of Oxford","keywords":"Rutilus; Predation; Foraging; Biology; Daphnia; Competition (biology); Predator; Zooplankton; Ecology; Fishery; Fish <Actinopterygii>","score_opus":0.005902426088711271,"score_gpt":0.1892754741971903,"score_spread":0.18337304810847901,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1994835456","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99978966,0.000022166696,0.00004096817,0.000003977485,8.240664e-7,0.0000015513583,0.000009450568,0.00000202084,0.00012939877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99944323,0.00002490647,0.00021999021,0.000012857057,0.0000018167297,0.000013105814,0.00004065872,0.0000026911177,0.00024063583],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998462,0.000038970687,0.000011837415,0.000040886487,0.000024239833,0.00003792679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995382,0.00014858285,0.00015096531,0.000030147658,0.00003946753,0.00009266635],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001964329,0.00030549394,0.00032870364,0.00028892857,0.00025424414,0.0002421938,0.0002987196,0.00026780204,0.00066898664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00040123367,0.00023478543,0.0002580832,0.00010067722,0.00032943336,0.00027628642,0.00036958206,0.00025921507,0.00016187994],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016356285,0.00023698555,0.031736817,0.00009288989,0.00005148054,0.00024340853,0.00027182917,0.0006503776,0.9615237,0.000060599858,0.000063612184,0.0034325582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006423607,0.0045430437,0.8707369,0.000012697224,0.000104747014,0.00037745445,0.00041334282,0.0036077304,0.119620115,0.00007310546,0.00040898117,0.000037695907],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002416343,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004573437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002416343,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035887703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012918032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004804611},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2023511519","doi":"10.1007/s102010170003","title":"Penetration of solar ultraviolet radiation into New Zealand lakes: influence of dissolved organic carbon and catchment vegetation","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Dissolved organic carbon; Colored dissolved organic matter; Environmental science; Photosynthetically active radiation; Water column; Hydrology (agriculture); Drainage basin; Environmental chemistry; Total organic carbon; Ecology; Chemistry; Oceanography; Phytoplankton; Geology; Nutrient; Photosynthesis; Biology; Geography","score_opus":0.004694187399103948,"score_gpt":0.19018596885967357,"score_spread":0.1854917814605696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2023511519","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99936885,0.000055352306,0.00002411963,0.0000113249835,4.7818935e-7,0.0000035890516,0.000033392393,9.777267e-7,0.00050192024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99953973,0.00010533608,0.00004062617,0.000007614861,0.0000010931752,0.0000039335227,0.00004772993,0.0000016722366,0.00025223088],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99988806,0.000019329806,0.0000075960997,0.000028325021,0.000027460464,0.000029186747],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941385,0.00026391933,0.00011726101,0.000016638269,0.000110897105,0.00007745366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027230178,0.00023539018,0.0002516763,0.00038842938,0.0006977664,0.00087850104,0.00032449586,0.00032157847,0.0016647015],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014490823,0.00036458988,0.00024949881,0.000569315,0.0005296385,0.00096799165,0.0007280501,0.0004058811,0.00012782608],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0028227346,0.00010625433,0.9264806,0.00018749612,0.00015699942,0.00052419154,0.0050950567,0.001759049,0.05013261,0.00017872585,0.00016842343,0.01238785],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000014936966,0.00012150648,0.9972772,0.000006394651,0.00003138607,0.00007209828,0.00083862775,0.00047104413,0.0010005282,0.000024173449,0.00013631654,0.000005689099],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.21792106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.24631488,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21792106,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017652595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006367757,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43330526},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067676769","doi":"10.1007/s102010070006","title":"Effect of cyanobacterial blooms on thermal stratification","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières","funders":"","keywords":"Enclosure; Water column; Diel vertical migration; Stratification (seeds); Microcystis; Algae; Bay; Thermal stratification; Environmental science; Algal bloom; Bloom; Oceanography; Ecology; Cyanobacteria; Biology; Phytoplankton; Botany; Geology; Thermocline; Nutrient","score_opus":0.0028571192715828387,"score_gpt":0.20439290510386401,"score_spread":0.20153578583228118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2067676769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99780005,0.000335586,0.00014068242,0.00016752286,0.000043525593,0.000013768252,0.00015407767,0.00001683951,0.001327916],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984774,0.00015919188,0.00015808913,0.00013930058,0.000034969646,0.000010049326,0.00012993345,0.000015513588,0.0008754022],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99978966,0.000059808997,0.000016197193,0.000034269644,0.000026907428,0.00007316945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976593,0.0010084764,0.00020900299,0.00013345953,0.00014755924,0.00084213907],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006019415,0.00037005552,0.00059273286,0.00024988616,0.00066444225,0.00093896326,0.00035928987,0.00065007486,0.0032478587],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024314425,0.00042189413,0.00037955042,0.00021172158,0.0010718737,0.0005881879,0.00071290036,0.0010579828,0.00039516226],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.09430554,0.0018840918,0.055114537,0.00028723697,0.00028098235,0.00061302696,0.00049314834,0.004195953,0.81602514,0.0009058561,0.0012233922,0.024671108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011777852,0.010548955,0.6295799,0.00004872742,0.00033541102,0.00048791754,0.0005238469,0.009859402,0.34343913,0.00098805,0.0029011685,0.000109624874],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00645813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009966161,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00645813,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011430689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00086050166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.012841105},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076214342","doi":"10.1007/s102010170015","title":"Effects of temperature, and availability of nitrogen and phosphorus on the abundance of Anabaena and Microcystis in Lake Biwa, Japan: an experimental approach","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":158,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Microcystis; Anabaena; Phosphorus; Phosphate; Nitrogen; Nutrient; Bloom; Animal science; Cyanobacteria; Biology; Botany; Phosphorus deficiency; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Ecology; Biochemistry; Bacteria","score_opus":0.0054512900708107844,"score_gpt":0.19933809357004528,"score_spread":0.1938868034992345,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2076214342","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998406,0.000022794771,0.000033873086,0.000008199984,0.0000033157512,0.00000775596,0.000025878038,0.0000014661675,0.000056148474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986525,0.00008037072,0.0002820749,0.000043354557,0.000009789925,0.00009417065,0.00012680351,0.0000053161657,0.00070556166],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996984,0.00004056912,0.00003048942,0.00010692841,0.000041839838,0.00008178463],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993531,0.00013408334,0.00013872524,0.00004857775,0.00007420344,0.0002513557],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031062975,0.0006450947,0.00061010075,0.0005304534,0.00096015475,0.0005698438,0.0005198491,0.0005964621,0.00089231203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004720735,0.0008415025,0.00049560564,0.00040733075,0.001343122,0.0010421477,0.00051186373,0.0010898728,0.000113745926],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.01792782,0.0031364376,0.031129416,0.00011075571,0.00012395253,0.00017214357,0.0010972609,0.00050881953,0.94257677,0.00015592939,0.000108558204,0.0029523002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015423333,0.021849593,0.643017,0.0000173468,0.00075629505,0.0002440148,0.0023278494,0.0074770064,0.3210938,0.0004526215,0.001036435,0.00018580527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018556891,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.029478056,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018556891,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011767491,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011009774,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03689778},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2084351739","doi":"10.1007/s102010200010","title":"Transport and accumulation of bloom-forming cyanobacteria in a large, mid-latitude lake: the gyre- Microcystis hypothesis","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies","funders":"","keywords":"Ocean gyre; Downwelling; Oceanography; Upwelling; Diel vertical migration; Bloom; Geology; Microcystis; Pycnocline; Water column; Environmental science; Shore; Biomass (ecology); Cyanobacteria; Ecology; Subtropics; Biology; Paleontology","score_opus":0.02665095333671911,"score_gpt":0.23255768091180792,"score_spread":0.20590672757508882,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2084351739","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992969,0.000101909354,0.00021043496,0.00016812848,0.0000019849122,0.000001428809,0.000042607837,0.000008460139,0.00016810924],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996362,0.00005691687,0.00014078291,0.000017059272,0.0000034755426,0.0000018881606,0.00003996906,0.000002291522,0.00010138337],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994886,0.0000103963175,0.000004547931,0.000017314964,0.000005728299,0.000013119875],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996779,0.00009523575,0.00009695106,0.000022534883,0.000042641565,0.00006472391],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00025663548,0.00021749092,0.00029285168,0.00041767437,0.000484301,0.0009413137,0.00024093948,0.00054173655,0.00053469563],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008043449,0.0002956418,0.00018425252,0.00028181475,0.00049970695,0.0010633123,0.00045274597,0.00020536924,0.000102987164],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046148902,0.000043010565,0.9550379,0.000024567851,0.00006633105,0.0003718153,0.0005056916,0.0024121944,0.035441495,0.0015283386,0.00018247258,0.00392461],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003777976,0.000091418784,0.9834321,0.0000042828833,0.000039724084,0.00015872854,0.0006680615,0.012106206,0.0020861726,0.0010547953,0.00030241295,0.000018160876],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023359302,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.026067525,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.023359302,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00074558693,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049122924,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04644668},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891433093","doi":"10.1007/s10201-018-0558-y","title":"Zooplankton temporal beta diversity along the longitudinal axis of a tropical reservoir","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; McGill University","keywords":"Beta diversity; Zooplankton; Alpha diversity; River ecosystem; Species richness; Ecology; Gamma diversity; Sampling (signal processing); Environmental science; Homogenization (climate); Biodiversity; Species diversity; Seasonality; Geography; Ecosystem; Biology","score_opus":0.02301892482682852,"score_gpt":0.23381985383988546,"score_spread":0.21080092901305694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2891433093","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99984527,0.0000041942535,0.000013073204,0.000004063345,3.088311e-7,6.09862e-7,0.000035089626,9.1911636e-7,0.00009641236],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997904,0.000008579951,0.000022490527,0.0000016146207,5.0137874e-7,0.0000012740292,0.00005045108,5.3744606e-7,0.00012420845],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99992836,0.000011277066,0.000005302742,0.000016855676,0.000008597322,0.00002971828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996232,0.00005036247,0.00009560992,0.000019352385,0.000064935026,0.00014661424],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015451638,0.00017440044,0.00015745818,0.0005501945,0.0004775681,0.00042101447,0.00024601532,0.00020331508,0.0012295487],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00049723743,0.00028707075,0.00018578184,0.0005593789,0.00037982644,0.0003808342,0.00061656506,0.00016052974,0.00015289147],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002738422,0.000057415113,0.98821265,0.000011547816,0.000054295342,0.00022614756,0.00088318804,0.0007508899,0.007258522,0.00008485599,0.00013203731,0.0020545316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000024978767,0.000030237505,0.9986609,0.0000018331082,0.000008778568,0.00004319459,0.00043243126,0.0006921246,0.00008335262,0.000009409357,0.000031859352,0.0000033408205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.041718725,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08964574,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041718725,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046215355,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004878713,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.082951784},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400886240","doi":"10.1007/s10201-024-00756-7","title":"Influence of environmental settings, including vegetation, on speciation of the redox-sensitive elements in the sediments of monomictic Lake Kinneret","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Iron oxide chemistry and applications","field":"Energy","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Israel Science Foundation","keywords":"Environmental chemistry; Sediment; Redox; Sulfur; Littoral zone; Sulfide; Manganese; Pore water pressure; Sulfate; Geology; Chemistry; Oceanography; Geomorphology; Inorganic chemistry","score_opus":0.008458772228160882,"score_gpt":0.23569253697226766,"score_spread":0.22723376474410678,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400886240","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99946064,0.00006901181,0.000033724824,0.000003945173,7.5601605e-7,0.0000015851681,0.00007501427,0.0000029632752,0.0003522949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99942976,0.0000433646,0.000098298195,0.000009036058,6.1723574e-7,0.000004258813,0.00014067802,0.0000019762226,0.00027203324],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99994123,0.0000085189,0.0000049698983,0.000024862742,0.000009716475,0.000010559997],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99995494,0.000008208324,0.000013411451,0.0000016788065,0.000009242254,0.000012405161],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005659688,0.00016214364,0.00013134941,0.00022337378,0.00023919126,0.00028643786,0.000111263034,0.0001397589,0.0007454764],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011740231,0.00011627005,0.00009385368,0.00022904304,0.0001767588,0.0002562731,0.0004204766,0.00011633581,0.00009524937],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0011488342,0.00007869139,0.21168604,0.00027544872,0.00009477042,0.00046518314,0.0013321062,0.0006793907,0.77043855,0.00015600464,0.00011784901,0.0135270655],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006638492,0.00009967472,0.991742,0.0000066638645,0.000028363604,0.000060905193,0.00037533607,0.00038128273,0.006704253,0.000039147297,0.00054877537,0.0000068595227],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.014327289,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.042354077,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014327289,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00046949874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00024945312,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.028487802},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4412539639","doi":"10.1007/s10201-025-00807-7","title":"Effects of environmental stressors on macroinvertebrates trait distribution in the sediments of a southern Nigerian river","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology","topic":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Centre for Global Health Research","funders":"","keywords":"Invertebrate; Stressor; Environmental science; Trait; Distribution (mathematics); Geology; Ecology; Geochemistry; Biology; Neuroscience; Mathematics; Computer science","score_opus":0.0028501178146634423,"score_gpt":0.17285495870234863,"score_spread":0.1700048408876852,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4412539639","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9998584,0.000015544309,0.0000070909923,0.0000055281084,6.8825227e-7,5.791842e-7,0.0000109900675,1.9104348e-7,0.0001010043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998111,0.000028851286,0.000015403766,0.0000046422306,6.846076e-7,0.0000013739248,0.000021002434,2.110924e-7,0.00011679903],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99987817,0.000028505925,0.000015501402,0.000026529475,0.0000155505,0.0000358117],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997358,0.000050151968,0.0000872499,0.000008215522,0.000056375007,0.00006219398],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00015614412,0.00022434085,0.00026859884,0.00040224934,0.0010135194,0.0006199305,0.00012985228,0.00028534024,0.000554598],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00045587373,0.000206222,0.00011815658,0.00058302085,0.000600855,0.0003039084,0.0005940291,0.00022406144,0.00007884434],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00029475533,0.00012279101,0.98215115,0.000046948546,0.000051327002,0.0008869712,0.003393024,0.00023690671,0.0091880215,0.0001080297,0.000058050948,0.0034620578],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000010836255,0.0000680024,0.99653924,0.000005661808,0.000008992695,0.000086916116,0.0029437025,0.00006382906,0.00015774072,0.000026471489,0.00009582763,0.0000025019797],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01769583,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.063728064,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01769583,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005426614,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000563642,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.035185695},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}