{"meta":{"query_hash":"88b7af269bb4","filters":{"venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research"},"cohort_total":12,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":12,"exported":12,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/88b7af269bb4","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Margin+The+Journal+of+Applied+Economic+Research"},"results":[{"id":"W1977297400","doi":"10.1177/0973801013483501","title":"Market Power in the Log and Lumber Import Market in Japan","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Forest Management and Policy","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Market power; Competition (biology); Market share analysis; Order (exchange); Imperfect competition; Market competition; Business; Market analysis; Market structure; Economics; Factor market; Agricultural economics; International trade; Market economy; Market microstructure; Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Monopoly","score_opus":0.01917071180406983,"score_gpt":0.28081160271970595,"score_spread":0.26164089091563614,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1977297400","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6093186,0.000016435904,1.6700244e-7,0.0021765071,0.00002231025,0.00026590753,3.9217863e-7,8.422395e-7,0.38819882],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933913,0.00022112137,0.00003309526,0.0003015649,0.000055237182,0.000020396199,2.3596613e-7,0.000009895481,0.0059671537],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863493,0.00021451735,0.00036160418,0.00012732227,0.0002588521,0.00040278377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916106,0.00039154722,0.00010319526,0.0002750576,0.0000041298313,0.00006500478],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.008469033,0.00009425164,0.0001468637,0.00016125689,0.00008310551,0.00010837032,0.0007412032,0.00004377377,0.025725322],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000022509174,0.000054868688,0.000030098445,0.00017512936,0.00033359136,0.00020760206,0.00036242406,0.0005213286,0.00098301],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00021420236,0.000062623585,0.19435479,0.000007933074,0.000015048707,0.000008271317,0.0017911637,0.00032946598,0.00009136006,0.0010085879,0.7983079,0.0038086793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005958256,0.00006124681,0.9313956,0.000008276593,0.0000032549303,0.000026872884,0.0012334634,0.001751576,0.000008768846,0.010961811,0.05385792,0.00009538888],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014499105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005984445,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74445,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00019915373,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000018124858,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99979484},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988823430","doi":"10.1177/097380101000500106","title":"Deeper Integration between Canada and India?","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Foreign direct investment; Market access; Agriculture; International economics; Negotiation; Business; International trade; Bilateral trade; Yield (engineering); Trade in services; Government (linguistics); Trade barrier; Economics; China; Geography","score_opus":0.17326373529169586,"score_gpt":0.26673127240004796,"score_spread":0.0934675371083521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988823430","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91246176,0.00037116781,0.0001306125,0.00040575492,0.00023184219,0.00015747882,0.00003659721,0.0000030428466,0.08620176],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99854344,0.0005211909,0.00040765668,0.00012149722,0.00024572143,0.0000044614985,0.0000022853965,0.000017839502,0.00013592294],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857825,0.000032144202,0.0007969248,0.00017620753,0.000050722614,0.00036577493],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989425,0.0002084047,0.00040395517,0.00025831783,0.00003307778,0.00015375859],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0035526506,0.00011993344,0.0003648628,0.00023561186,0.00016454126,0.00007018419,0.0005446138,0.000081224745,0.00042001207],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036174708,0.00010268252,0.00005089113,0.00009242784,0.00014035741,0.00019169542,0.000112912734,0.0005207867,0.00018517488],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00046124344,0.00006727074,0.22062866,0.000039336548,0.00046958064,0.000012893492,0.005052667,0.00020284885,0.000042703436,0.7357568,0.024487246,0.012778701],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0014583592,0.00024645778,0.39576328,0.000021392185,0.000024696596,0.000057214856,0.0034360667,0.00036062603,0.0015264141,0.5377675,0.05888007,0.00045786204],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.08578864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03678649,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19798928,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047763833,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017988676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98078966},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2046375903","doi":"10.1177/0973801012462121","title":"The Dynamics of Electricity Consumption and Growth Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Three Developing Regions","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba; Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Nexus (standard); Electricity; Economics; Consumption (sociology); Panel data; Generalized method of moments; Econometrics; Latin Americans; Electricity system; Macroeconomics; Electricity generation; Power (physics)","score_opus":0.16785041645472612,"score_gpt":0.3232139382734555,"score_spread":0.1553635218187294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2046375903","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97959507,0.0055685053,0.0073806583,0.0040232264,0.00025180986,0.0002853739,0.000024484105,0.000005668962,0.0028651815],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98703146,0.01171013,0.0007979562,0.0000736295,0.0002654558,0.000015387986,0.0000026510243,0.000030479701,0.00007286604],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99766856,0.00012885247,0.0012345304,0.00025670268,0.00010584172,0.0006055187],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99537045,0.0028581975,0.0010723948,0.0004957555,0.000042544536,0.00016064907],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009115901,0.00017772838,0.00048899127,0.00028730702,0.00041456346,0.00010590285,0.0008924517,0.00013065721,0.00008890203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00030830601,0.0001386322,0.00010260908,0.00015275743,0.0005795451,0.00042690738,0.00033286333,0.00069955736,0.00016149737],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002769796,0.000045941255,0.44148362,0.00002502561,0.0002130498,5.8389065e-7,0.0007557189,0.00044721682,0.000084749205,0.5541331,0.0014385753,0.0010954569],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008263195,0.000116389994,0.5068235,0.000060788283,0.000030840743,0.000032874985,0.00062418875,0.011711561,0.0008909966,0.47605944,0.0024996146,0.0003235045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00030809452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000289437,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07807364,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010720267,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009550853,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5653257},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2131943391","doi":"10.1177/0973801014557391","title":"Income and Employment Multiplier Effects of the Malaysian Higher Education Sector","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Higher education; Economics; Private sector; Multiplier (economics); Labour economics; Public sector; Income in kind; Demographic economics; Economic growth; Gross income; Public economics; Economy; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.07262170331479773,"score_gpt":0.29801513732148877,"score_spread":0.22539343400669104,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2131943391","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.938096,0.0008476973,0.000008106052,0.0018536135,0.0008511926,0.00036338356,0.000010376583,0.0000030196738,0.0579666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980166,0.00007849379,0.00008473821,0.00012625303,0.00048170227,0.00001763312,5.5769505e-7,0.000023836914,0.0011701962],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99860674,0.000076935095,0.0007589521,0.00017656773,0.0000708879,0.00030989837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99845093,0.00034728894,0.0005764163,0.00041668286,0.000043726188,0.00016496351],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003274142,0.0001293371,0.0003854249,0.00027723177,0.00012260959,0.000062274004,0.0006542716,0.000088992376,0.00008228228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006744352,0.00009094035,0.000094203526,0.00012916722,0.00026090082,0.00015053414,0.00026453641,0.00043563521,0.00016243692],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00074447127,0.0003354111,0.1599275,0.0002723841,0.00040342097,0.0000014254316,0.0042430945,0.0012528041,0.00036292567,0.80568504,0.022769712,0.0040017925],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020745557,0.00023024472,0.3793436,0.00006122455,0.000019398822,0.000021298432,0.00047275098,0.00055206585,0.0021385362,0.5882846,0.026560867,0.00024087468],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002006965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000014011617,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2194161,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041253725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00015813684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.370844},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2137514659","doi":"10.1177/097380101200600206","title":"A Segmented Labour Supply Model Estimation for the Construction of a CGE Microsimulation Model: An Application to the Philippines","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Computable general equilibrium; Microsimulation; Labour supply; Economics; Construct (python library); Discrete choice; Informal sector; Macro; Labour economics; Flexibility (engineering); Population; Econometrics; Poverty; Macroeconomics; Computer science; Economic growth; Engineering","score_opus":0.09874556112034467,"score_gpt":0.34506867771743766,"score_spread":0.246323116597093,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2137514659","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.43278918,0.0005153367,0.558336,0.0058222134,0.00017575687,0.0013098738,0.00011971072,0.000007998673,0.0009239248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99316245,0.00021946231,0.0059748394,0.00013409194,0.00022582998,0.0001412272,0.000006186583,0.000016845013,0.000119035],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99880403,0.00003346467,0.0006818169,0.00013258771,0.00008300887,0.00026506308],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99844956,0.00029884724,0.00068093126,0.00035561202,0.00015750818,0.000057508943],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004237028,0.000101703714,0.00023720057,0.00019171527,0.0004538234,0.00006309798,0.0004759652,0.00004524092,0.00002635494],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000065708526,0.00006586661,0.00007590895,0.00017565521,0.00013148818,0.00026361283,0.00007601706,0.00019081983,0.00004481756],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002964644,0.00004387389,0.0014553892,0.000017494203,0.000054721808,3.9978367e-9,0.002140102,0.8003898,0.0005078292,0.18973419,0.0007674459,0.0045926794],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047690357,0.000050337057,0.005286067,0.000006647046,0.000012588087,0.0000022153226,0.001233434,0.90974337,0.0005728172,0.079430714,0.003104707,0.00008023072],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000047972666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000029616167,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5603733,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001889961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000049568247,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.34904885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2149636102","doi":"10.1177/097380101100600101","title":"Export-led Growth in India and the Role of Liberalisation","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Economic Theory and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Mount Royal University","funders":"","keywords":"Liberalization; Cointegration; Economics; International economics; Export performance; Estimation; Granger causality; Short run; Monetary economics; International trade; Econometrics; Market economy","score_opus":0.037604574334832434,"score_gpt":0.2784610401117915,"score_spread":0.24085646577695907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2149636102","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.89404905,0.0020494538,0.000007958215,0.00072964834,0.00013413804,0.00024415654,0.000011893665,0.0000017927774,0.10277193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980829,0.0012310724,0.00005124871,0.00008949746,0.00035183463,0.000013233874,0.0000010614164,0.000016591048,0.00016259684],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983439,0.00015829077,0.0009917413,0.000110516616,0.000030765237,0.0003647987],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997966,0.0009822565,0.0006910956,0.00025163736,0.000022874321,0.00008615809],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01594793,0.0001040661,0.00043861425,0.00043010997,0.00010454142,0.00004566143,0.0004894195,0.000079215024,0.00031126064],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000103137594,0.000074569296,0.00008015949,0.00013055651,0.00039306187,0.00029906305,0.00013221103,0.0004846765,0.00013728684],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005269302,0.000032252574,0.034499355,0.000011268518,0.000049387785,1.6113793e-7,0.006254057,0.000060772945,0.000037894108,0.95749855,0.00026312764,0.00076625013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020294564,0.000041820396,0.05591676,0.000010656577,0.000006445262,0.000018880677,0.0022908482,0.00027883318,0.0013117517,0.9317818,0.0062008593,0.000111882895],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023248709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011470461,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.104033835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015730488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000455048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5527266},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2261960677","doi":"10.1177/0973801015612666","title":"Financial Development, Remittances and Economic Growth: Evidence Using a Dynamic Panel Estimation","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Algoma University","funders":"","keywords":"Remittance; Nexus (standard); Estimation; Financial sector development; Economics; Panel data; Developing country; Financial sector; Monetary economics; Financial system; Finance; Economic growth; Econometrics","score_opus":0.12070156369516638,"score_gpt":0.38845666010795943,"score_spread":0.26775509641279305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2261960677","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.993157,0.00019950289,0.0020717876,0.0025294898,0.00017450737,0.00020351117,0.0000026462678,0.0000066870443,0.0016548659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99472797,0.0028207104,0.0018319228,0.000035661687,0.00017548815,0.000004339556,2.4468494e-7,0.00000928237,0.00039438094],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986281,0.00023929041,0.0004391857,0.00014126881,0.00023692258,0.00031525298],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983386,0.001049021,0.00029487684,0.00012108858,0.00009992206,0.00009651977],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0075012115,0.000086956345,0.00016984438,0.00018702203,0.00063651823,0.00013374517,0.00044317386,0.00007460806,0.00015943914],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032434307,0.000056320718,0.000030135034,0.000100135716,0.00044222487,0.0004400957,0.00007684617,0.00020844542,0.00006156157],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0025480937,0.00010940129,0.01259012,0.00015002355,0.00023415539,0.000014301301,0.099311136,0.0111349,0.014940394,0.44850948,0.009176578,0.40128142],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.007899886,0.0006042862,0.07001918,0.0024819942,0.00020178281,0.00021205781,0.048998337,0.22878054,0.0072256634,0.5103931,0.12049204,0.0026911222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002179228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004349958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39859027,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001035133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001331572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4895648},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2819848120","doi":"10.1177/0973801018768974","title":"Environmental Fiscal Instruments: A Few International Experiences","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Context (archaeology); Revenue; Perspective (graphical); Environmental tax; Tax revenue; Economics; Public economics; Development economics; Business; Geography; Finance; Tax reform","score_opus":0.13408100779622098,"score_gpt":0.3325275145761378,"score_spread":0.1984465067799168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2819848120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8980392,0.0001564152,0.00004200269,0.0019524272,0.0010251856,0.00014211822,0.000057752106,0.0000047259623,0.09858017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965665,0.0009922386,0.00017058756,0.0002680379,0.0015296809,0.000020568006,0.0000041387775,0.000022009433,0.00042623648],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983514,0.000030242512,0.00087368104,0.00022478278,0.000081162645,0.0004387335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988971,0.0001534539,0.0004977549,0.0003118564,0.00001517258,0.00012468312],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0034074872,0.00013388491,0.00030878923,0.00038544048,0.00028790007,0.00016258207,0.0011023958,0.00008236498,0.006570078],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000035833393,0.0001177685,0.0001060182,0.00007605848,0.00060031016,0.00030199855,0.00032634937,0.00038021224,0.003160652],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0050490424,0.0010968613,0.071986146,0.00006906774,0.0017373093,0.000020726755,0.15875433,0.00054676965,0.0015720888,0.57662034,0.13512945,0.047417853],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004023181,0.00088197086,0.014472704,0.0000415912,0.000017428685,0.00022715493,0.06516094,0.007062994,0.0053327293,0.24377768,0.65816754,0.0008340826],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000067109904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000024097042,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5230381,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00058867666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003128851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9976155},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2889874248","doi":"10.1177/0973801018786133","title":"Educational Attainment and the Gender Gap in Childcare in Canada: A Decomposition Analysis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Educational attainment; Gender gap; Psychology; Developmental psychology; Time-use survey; Set (abstract data type); General Social Survey; Demographic economics; Social psychology; Sociology; Economics; Economic growth","score_opus":0.044010996070243565,"score_gpt":0.3566755094020217,"score_spread":0.31266451333177814,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2889874248","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.971993,0.00018553718,0.000023592624,0.0062308656,0.00009748439,0.00022128041,0.0000036169772,5.954864e-7,0.021244027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988291,0.0006102695,0.00005992924,0.00016962035,0.0002605205,0.000008999596,0.0000015750145,0.0000043953387,0.000055568562],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99845654,0.00045875806,0.0003332549,0.00010730262,0.0003467317,0.00029743495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988948,0.0006855537,0.00012115713,0.00013645335,0.00008584448,0.000076178476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0070496406,0.000060784616,0.00018007706,0.00028059963,0.0003596817,0.000067350375,0.00040424155,0.000034320274,0.00015156557],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000034364246,0.000039835515,0.00003632598,0.00040686358,0.00044888593,0.00006072898,0.00006831467,0.00032807924,0.0000055061223],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009594694,0.00010005846,0.68327475,0.000013860346,0.00049729145,0.000004236418,0.10425435,0.01440766,0.000044539596,0.19019453,0.0039397464,0.0023095105],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00097424607,0.000015675643,0.87142307,0.0000062078875,0.000035970334,0.0000027037054,0.084533095,0.0039369063,0.00000524582,0.038241874,0.0007470791,0.00007791207],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.45652562,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.93618727,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.47966164,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018812786,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021901873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5470934},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007772026","doi":"10.1177/0973801019886481","title":"Are Major US Trading Partners’ Exports and Imports Cointegrated? Evidence from Bootstrap ARDL","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Cointegration; Distributed lag; Economics; Autoregressive model; Econometrics; Variable (mathematics); Structural break; Mathematics","score_opus":0.3553882273727455,"score_gpt":0.3495439864162079,"score_spread":0.005844240956537627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3007772026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9832712,0.0031550329,0.00016201288,0.0065544876,0.00022875976,0.00032559916,0.0001024605,0.0000124013495,0.0061880657],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99641055,0.0016751892,0.00019086509,0.00077168416,0.0007581609,0.0000092372575,0.0000039099746,0.000041394906,0.00013900899],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99729776,0.00008368678,0.00143165,0.00044805426,0.000091396716,0.00064743956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970173,0.0006807737,0.0013840015,0.0004203104,0.000019974274,0.0004775915],"candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0045328755,0.00025878966,0.0008192561,0.0002868669,0.00026873947,0.00026273014,0.00071436766,0.00013726458,0.0018047584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00019520064,0.00022586818,0.00017039172,0.00013903476,0.00027759784,0.0005117087,0.00015945394,0.0009508553,0.00041852513],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.005263398,0.0002068823,0.58507514,0.00027205385,0.0019569811,0.0003821649,0.025466045,0.022172555,0.0020915742,0.009699288,0.34258378,0.0048301145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0064816503,0.0012141214,0.5196999,0.00047906884,0.00017223337,0.0004905248,0.009162524,0.11421455,0.0057799504,0.23338522,0.10671038,0.0022098909],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012091576,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000085649546,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2358734,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00027371285,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007741855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991077},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3031681463","doi":"10.1177/0973801020904473","title":"Foreign Direct Investment and Total Factor Productivity: Any Nexus?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"International Business and FDI","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; Okanagan College","funders":"","keywords":"Total factor productivity; Foreign direct investment; Economics; Endogeneity; Absorptive capacity; Nexus (standard); Spillover effect; Panel data; Productivity; Investment (military); Econometrics; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; International economics; International trade; Labour economics; Industrial organization","score_opus":0.07085770941115818,"score_gpt":0.28159738481161256,"score_spread":0.21073967540045438,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3031681463","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8365915,0.000113731134,0.000043836957,0.008396839,0.00015304895,0.00028315833,0.0000028918173,0.000009538135,0.15440547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963644,0.000031567688,0.000036283876,0.0009170324,0.0024898902,0.0000066941616,0.0000015722007,0.000018455083,0.00013409737],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99901825,0.000018430159,0.00028663882,0.00015579577,0.0002794772,0.00024138788],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993668,0.00012233456,0.00021834075,0.00012131966,0.00014035784,0.000030849966],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001420452,0.000108258784,0.00020512016,0.00017769089,0.00018104825,0.00032021114,0.0003174562,0.000031168012,0.000277922],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008374616,0.00007287659,0.000046133373,0.00014180063,0.000120981436,0.0005327759,0.00029928383,0.0003142871,0.00015558093],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.004062203,0.0002530052,0.012412218,0.00060472445,0.0006494116,0.00005455194,0.001887929,0.007722367,0.011024059,0.8616356,0.073802836,0.02589106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0066560167,0.0004084092,0.14200386,0.00019080883,0.00020538876,0.00013618862,0.00871306,0.058140654,0.005853352,0.29645187,0.47984415,0.0013962452],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000070783724,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000634449,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.56518376,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000775539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053632975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.30878034},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4390106796","doi":"10.1177/00252921231200209","title":"A Systemic Analysis of the Impact of the Pandemic on the Indian Tourism Economy","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Margin The Journal of Applied Economic Research","topic":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Tourism; Pandemic; Economic impact analysis; Quarter (Canadian coin); Destinations; Estimation; Hospitality; Economy; Earnings; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Economic sector; Economic recovery; Business; Development economics; Geography; Economic growth; Economics; Finance; Medicine","score_opus":0.08151377124767704,"score_gpt":0.39534262878733917,"score_spread":0.3138288575396621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4390106796","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.93500966,0.000046183784,6.462078e-7,0.005989835,0.00013592483,0.00074843265,0.000025959991,0.0000065819377,0.058036793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99781024,0.00047975723,0.0000017101497,0.00003382823,0.00028899586,0.000015101684,4.700531e-7,0.000017310074,0.0013525657],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9956854,0.0016715258,0.00072308874,0.00019012953,0.001036161,0.00069370744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99367183,0.004119312,0.0008061593,0.0010257215,0.00023625782,0.00014073662],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.024495969,0.00014872075,0.0004964808,0.00083175424,0.00095886784,0.00015874367,0.0044917036,0.00012244517,0.00069834705],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00051513466,0.00006288555,0.0007540372,0.0021831226,0.0014296859,0.00012771516,0.000696927,0.0012319644,0.0001393356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0025273596,0.0004549394,0.15967686,0.00016544232,0.01710492,0.00005659728,0.11314151,0.25323382,0.0046124132,0.11008836,0.32898566,0.00995212],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0035554974,0.00079494994,0.47258925,0.0005901503,0.0013361007,0.00003911948,0.35190248,0.007841371,0.00413135,0.14608459,0.010264069,0.00087104226],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051694214,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010652202,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3187216,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00096671225,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015366871,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.84898627},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}