{"meta":{"query_hash":"2c80e50ca43f","filters":{"venue":"Natural Language Semantics"},"cohort_total":14,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":14,"exported":14,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/2c80e50ca43f","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Natural+Language+Semantics"},"results":[{"id":"W1981463616","doi":"10.1007/s11050-010-9061-7","title":"Parasitic degree phrases","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Degree (music); Adjective; Linguistics; Subject (documents); Specifier; Scope (computer science); Matrix (chemical analysis); Syntax; Similarity (geometry); Phrase; Computer science; Noun phrase; Mathematics; Philosophy; Artificial intelligence; Physics; Noun; Image (mathematics)","score_opus":0.02087913086469701,"score_gpt":0.26177228827710997,"score_spread":0.24089315741241296,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1981463616","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.040582187,0.0007909987,0.23859957,0.0031308439,0.001030926,0.00020758138,0.0035525456,0.002264225,0.7098411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7523713,0.00084184104,0.04218926,0.0009042168,0.0009844175,0.00024134819,0.0038515818,0.0026513424,0.19596468],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.998623,0.00038664977,0.00009428496,0.00036825152,0.00030985835,0.0002179178],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984987,0.0005185159,0.00011134945,0.00039274595,0.00038631455,0.00009235667],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094104465,0.00082466204,0.000724388,0.0023926266,0.002867085,0.003449848,0.0010455681,0.001293766,0.08264527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033850218,0.000614628,0.0007216866,0.0025866576,0.0027164202,0.00857429,0.0034800905,0.0022644633,0.013884453],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031551215,0.000006966721,0.00013285966,0.000042173713,0.0000063891457,0.000061283026,0.0003948296,0.00009525016,0.00093533995,0.9820124,0.0076449513,0.008636064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019163019,0.000022479859,0.0005331904,0.000044324122,0.000027148075,0.0005045445,0.0006036892,0.001606852,0.0029429833,0.72240394,0.27125832,0.00003332284],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010300521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013823017,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.08264527,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001489004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006343851,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.27647597},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016503323","doi":"10.1007/s11050-007-9017-8","title":"Spatial deictic tense and evidentials in Korean","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Deixis; Linguistics; Philosophy of language; Future tense; Semantics (computer science); History; Computer science; Philosophy; Metaphysics; Epistemology","score_opus":0.01411529588007817,"score_gpt":0.2598194923863278,"score_spread":0.2457041965062496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016503323","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9718713,0.00052116846,0.01197127,0.00052500144,0.000020901853,0.000015794543,0.00055580115,0.000070107744,0.014448752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981249,0.00006737399,0.0011671548,0.000016713075,0.000004380279,0.0000037080372,0.00012310159,0.000017698814,0.00047487597],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99936646,0.00020693471,0.000119162396,0.0002070042,0.00003968038,0.000060814273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974164,0.0014281586,0.00043154648,0.00030384405,0.0003424584,0.00007764026],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010984517,0.00024964823,0.00027883396,0.00064242614,0.00086528034,0.0019650934,0.00059717597,0.00038379984,0.004147248],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003011719,0.00054457935,0.00031185555,0.0010137922,0.0015581814,0.0076601636,0.0010828958,0.0009889331,0.0002436646],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009833279,0.00017148789,0.03587955,0.0006074175,0.00012974469,0.0016931851,0.041515533,0.002596253,0.02225449,0.85294217,0.0020684213,0.03915843],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002752171,0.0003791388,0.17873518,0.00027891286,0.00068271486,0.004921565,0.047339268,0.026741186,0.018653233,0.6846537,0.036959514,0.00038038977],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0040800422,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005115304,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004147248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007029246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055654143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013873994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021396458","doi":"10.1007/s11050-015-9113-0","title":"Experimental investigations of ambiguity: the case of most","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Superlative; Quantifier (linguistics); Ambiguity; Predicate (mathematical logic); Philosophy of language; Linguistics; Computer science; Semantics (computer science); Epistemology; Philosophy; Programming language; Metaphysics","score_opus":0.022921182445520716,"score_gpt":0.29362107315337366,"score_spread":0.27069989070785294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2021396458","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91611445,0.0016203189,0.02257499,0.0017639975,0.00026610494,0.00027528955,0.0016562785,0.00029390425,0.055434648],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9836453,0.00032702013,0.010730254,0.000871116,0.000107364256,0.00018982618,0.0007408558,0.00036634263,0.0030217445],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9942703,0.002084535,0.000555741,0.0012121142,0.0015956641,0.00028152307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.93845123,0.03408574,0.003935471,0.018781109,0.0035226133,0.001223926],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0057898783,0.00055744423,0.00094992685,0.000896542,0.0015331003,0.0029094203,0.0019598373,0.0022482835,0.018167002],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0676007,0.00048711197,0.00041916716,0.0008935491,0.0030856042,0.0062718424,0.0028494191,0.0020531095,0.0024730465],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.019579614,0.007449974,0.04454418,0.005662128,0.0007099967,0.0018861336,0.025647765,0.0056350697,0.43637383,0.3089997,0.018422225,0.12508945],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022234314,0.006715673,0.072254635,0.0007867063,0.0008533771,0.00631787,0.010495644,0.021395482,0.26602402,0.5403869,0.071946144,0.0006001161],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007242106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00053317065,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018167002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006314339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006508342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.060774624},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2040265027","doi":"10.1007/s11050-007-9024-9","title":"Bare nouns and number in Dëne Sųłiné","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Noun; Numeral system; Mathematics; Linguistics; Denotation (semiotics); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Arithmetic; Philosophy","score_opus":0.01506019862156062,"score_gpt":0.24199267117415862,"score_spread":0.22693247255259802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2040265027","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3480371,0.0142510375,0.08302532,0.015736021,0.001545882,0.000055525343,0.0006106626,0.00047099736,0.5362674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97187537,0.0011542334,0.005584353,0.00038733715,0.00015496196,0.000019800753,0.00014230718,0.00019775983,0.02048384],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99919695,0.00035152325,0.00006724873,0.0001810171,0.00012312879,0.00008001879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992648,0.00043446082,0.00006794522,0.0000726672,0.00012039611,0.000039779476],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009965815,0.00040809836,0.0007376412,0.0012177813,0.0027939037,0.0036690715,0.0004081108,0.00073862105,0.004000143],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0026239655,0.000390037,0.0003038177,0.0010555851,0.0058258697,0.008164871,0.0023412192,0.0021063716,0.00076112454],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000053186253,0.000009312076,0.00031290436,0.000051289247,0.000008253324,0.000102794584,0.0034372294,0.00024557405,0.0005643168,0.9861433,0.0018813586,0.0071906536],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000019988807,0.000022786999,0.0016794639,0.000060444552,0.000027156117,0.00033020307,0.0018982484,0.0008770266,0.001068078,0.87609804,0.11787329,0.000045274115],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025576986,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0042650946,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004000143,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012861994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004959539,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.013381839},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2091615204","doi":"10.1007/s11050-008-9038-y","title":"Proportions in time: interactions of quantification and aspect","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto","keywords":"Predicate (mathematical logic); Interpretation (philosophy); Linguistics; Operator (biology); Semantics (computer science); Scope (computer science); Homogeneous; Computer science; Quantifier (linguistics); Event (particle physics); Mathematics; Philosophy; Combinatorics; Programming language; Physics","score_opus":0.022802446534058402,"score_gpt":0.26481483039449527,"score_spread":0.24201238386043686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2091615204","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2783905,0.00210233,0.5990773,0.0033263012,0.00030830692,0.00007249111,0.0008848772,0.00073269126,0.11510519],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95344704,0.00032767162,0.042106323,0.000117295094,0.00013008034,0.000038817245,0.00018925207,0.00047029782,0.0031732286],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99670273,0.0013874494,0.00022918638,0.0008724136,0.0006253999,0.00018274006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899446,0.0067278314,0.001122857,0.0010512553,0.0008324469,0.0003209892],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003859389,0.00041973733,0.00058699027,0.0024633422,0.0013236337,0.008257196,0.0013988068,0.0008146996,0.008225985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.024681505,0.000830072,0.0009196155,0.0033185333,0.0051067327,0.022694437,0.0028645096,0.001755657,0.00046042984],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000741272,0.000009551005,0.0025927017,0.000037535116,0.000029097533,0.000048907088,0.0023418851,0.0015415975,0.0010115579,0.9794428,0.00048710493,0.01238314],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000027530938,0.000022129538,0.0058855237,0.000029744402,0.000058220223,0.00018928082,0.0011336895,0.010623957,0.0011750432,0.9690689,0.011747587,0.000038454615],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0039567337,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004411311,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.008257196,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017108195,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007968632,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02751863},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2532343671","doi":"10.1007/s11050-016-9126-3","title":"Children interpret disjunction as conjunction: Consequences for theories of implicature and child development","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":148,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Implicature; Conjunction (astronomy); Linguistics; Philosophy of language; Syntax; Psychology; Epistemology; Pragmatics; Philosophy; Metaphysics; Physics","score_opus":0.006875922696099795,"score_gpt":0.23523339743387328,"score_spread":0.22835747473777349,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2532343671","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4837249,0.0035495423,0.27875063,0.025544373,0.0003285095,0.00010238149,0.001271868,0.001058056,0.20566975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9723952,0.00071613427,0.022661539,0.00090388453,0.00006951753,0.000062619416,0.00024977728,0.00019492082,0.0027464305],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9968539,0.0013437916,0.00020507237,0.0007935478,0.00053241587,0.0002713629],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9883483,0.008179025,0.0011033326,0.001134565,0.0009113321,0.0003234083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004761003,0.00078094256,0.00068902655,0.0014508152,0.00083544047,0.006604131,0.0014919122,0.0029296638,0.006575067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.020230608,0.0013245499,0.0008372395,0.0011707804,0.009140486,0.013287634,0.003338041,0.003954171,0.00065566326],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001314621,0.00007439029,0.01589561,0.00020047948,0.00006742726,0.0008164318,0.018009068,0.0014529432,0.003129885,0.9287666,0.0026841373,0.02877152],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000066328765,0.000027032085,0.011578572,0.0001017945,0.00009323788,0.0010661606,0.0048634075,0.0034724886,0.0029103972,0.9670691,0.0086919125,0.000059600985],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003165159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0039857137,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006604131,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011954084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001340865,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02517885},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903213390","doi":"10.1007/s11050-018-9146-2","title":"Factive islands and meaning-driven unacceptability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Meaning (existential); Triviality; Linguistics; Epistemology; Sentence; Psychology; Denotation (semiotics); Philosophy of language; Logical consequence; Philosophy; Metaphysics; Mathematics; Semiotics","score_opus":0.0069199576637714155,"score_gpt":0.27415016142679355,"score_spread":0.26723020376302214,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903213390","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.16320303,0.00061358686,0.77327985,0.0062439293,0.00039879826,0.00010956737,0.00047977432,0.0026733659,0.052998032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9501458,0.00020234754,0.042686693,0.00050274585,0.0002216858,0.00009970268,0.00028029535,0.0008360886,0.005024708],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99383646,0.0021382284,0.000457326,0.0009659661,0.0018583196,0.0007436966],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.96188635,0.027388915,0.0011220055,0.005732762,0.0032757786,0.0005942443],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0043784515,0.0006319366,0.0012338138,0.0020491711,0.0026762432,0.005114884,0.002529684,0.002556041,0.009089757],"category_scores_gemma":[0.036212165,0.0013096749,0.0021848143,0.0014662064,0.008612994,0.02053835,0.0066810125,0.0073420587,0.00082701974],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041454685,0.00003004172,0.0006619164,0.00008167939,0.000020562933,0.00024185829,0.0011353922,0.0027678304,0.00088757224,0.9872479,0.0013162084,0.0055676284],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000061273554,0.0000042715624,0.00009206135,0.0000072741946,0.000012717055,0.00006023757,0.00009937133,0.009162115,0.00074100436,0.9887931,0.0010084254,0.000013313995],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021377697,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018664908,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009089757,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017053531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014264154,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.030408323},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391941255","doi":"10.1007/s11050-023-09218-9","title":"Eventive modal projection: the case of Spanish subjunctive relative clauses","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Israel Science Foundation; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","keywords":"Linguistics; Modality (human–computer interaction); Modal; Philosophy of language; Interpretation (philosophy); Modal verb; Present perfect; Semantics (computer science); Event (particle physics); Pragmatics; Relative clause; Philosophy of mind; Semantic interpretation; Computer science; Philosophy; Psychology; Verb; Artificial intelligence; Epistemology; Metaphysics; Physics","score_opus":0.0176041700724153,"score_gpt":0.2693319415773575,"score_spread":0.2517277715049422,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391941255","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.736513,0.0007885697,0.119832315,0.003601166,0.0000994991,0.00014699013,0.00043940602,0.00066249096,0.1379166],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904829,0.000119007644,0.0063054548,0.00015351112,0.000033523243,0.000030413805,0.00013645452,0.00010639034,0.0026321893],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99772173,0.001194032,0.0001111418,0.00031556934,0.00045426164,0.00020328183],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960179,0.0025568167,0.000257279,0.00042833344,0.00065192574,0.00008773695],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0031176659,0.0004812773,0.0004910663,0.0012682134,0.0019205441,0.003876063,0.0010647918,0.0015493039,0.0049745077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007944223,0.00043174406,0.0006183906,0.00153434,0.0050294325,0.0048267473,0.0032125178,0.0020865132,0.00046509225],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014919347,0.00006508177,0.0040012826,0.00010426095,0.000028705499,0.005745134,0.033635043,0.00077103614,0.006654536,0.9273358,0.0019419065,0.019568078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003191487,0.00014108123,0.014780752,0.00023330901,0.0001527688,0.007930992,0.05894676,0.035100143,0.016807301,0.75917846,0.10615017,0.00025910948],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.011831136,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006367198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011831136,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021364416,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008612797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.023524523},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393990725","doi":"10.1007/s11050-024-09221-8","title":"Mental states via possessive predication: the grammar of possessive experiencer complex predicates in Persian","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Research Council","keywords":"Possessive; Linguistics; Transitive relation; Grammar; Computer science; Mathematics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.013926318990877389,"score_gpt":0.27262324110965624,"score_spread":0.25869692211877887,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393990725","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.6111901,0.00082453067,0.24555804,0.0029757195,0.00009310304,0.00009920678,0.00040551162,0.00060377305,0.13825004],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868307,0.00008397451,0.010561607,0.00010110335,0.000021389018,0.00001679138,0.00006214586,0.00006744942,0.0022548346],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9995912,0.00017857351,0.000018534394,0.0001099093,0.00005362051,0.00004813296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994711,0.00033387038,0.000046948822,0.000071767776,0.000056952642,0.00001940666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008541299,0.0002727271,0.00019596056,0.0006150092,0.0009984305,0.00195412,0.00052735175,0.0006493973,0.0025049306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011240066,0.0003250154,0.0005560271,0.00064664165,0.0060519376,0.0043510534,0.0009975382,0.001047449,0.00031874076],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000012850297,0.000005895145,0.0009661434,0.000014043955,0.0000042767847,0.00013930126,0.008720873,0.0004687658,0.0007238606,0.984174,0.0003325536,0.0044374703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020082633,0.000034590023,0.004234057,0.000024294915,0.000018419478,0.00049185526,0.0033459265,0.0086691445,0.0013365091,0.96582085,0.01597553,0.000028849026],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006074979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006197229,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006074979,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020385133,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006426083,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014790475},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4403100095","doi":"10.1007/s11050-024-09223-6","title":"An experimental investigation of implicature and homogeneity approaches to free choice","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Connaught Fund; University of Western Sydney; Leverhulme Trust","keywords":"Implicature; Philosophy of language; Linguistics; Syntax; Computer science; Philosophy; Epistemology; Pragmatics; Metaphysics","score_opus":0.10542860585512574,"score_gpt":0.25015540748436843,"score_spread":0.14472680162924267,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4403100095","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.7587284,0.0006538348,0.11053851,0.007740397,0.00038382388,0.0006882738,0.00059627934,0.00025829682,0.1204122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98345864,0.00017339888,0.010594795,0.0005994989,0.0001414528,0.00036819212,0.00014776729,0.00012708681,0.0043891678],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.98588085,0.009800537,0.0006306637,0.0014528697,0.0018793786,0.000355723],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7185291,0.24676551,0.008105023,0.021220898,0.0038613025,0.0015181014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.022646107,0.00091870944,0.0011527742,0.0009350392,0.0015029937,0.0037908219,0.002199327,0.0023237397,0.033323996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.14502966,0.00076142343,0.00082174834,0.0010361153,0.007080095,0.013742754,0.0033132413,0.004568674,0.001031569],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0034621493,0.0034617337,0.005654114,0.00056857814,0.00014275314,0.00013444237,0.0066270465,0.003349904,0.0069754096,0.9343278,0.0025723064,0.03272382],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012079296,0.0013219094,0.00682574,0.000053142103,0.00014150768,0.00018625951,0.0019914526,0.019255977,0.0029370454,0.9604302,0.0055831405,0.00006559853],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011711434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00074699044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.033323996,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0015686869,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013403645,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.11976552},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407630188","doi":"10.1007/s11050-024-09227-2","title":"Quantization and quantification: scope of bare nouns in Kaingang and beyond","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Noun; Linguistics; Scope (computer science); Psychology; Syntax; Philosophy of language; Mathematics; Quantization (signal processing); Philosophy; Computer science; Statistics; Epistemology; Metaphysics; Programming language","score_opus":0.011427432825684375,"score_gpt":0.25714443992945074,"score_spread":0.24571700710376637,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407630188","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.3775724,0.004004854,0.37755919,0.004810557,0.00037022313,0.0000752559,0.00076747435,0.0007326197,0.23410752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98262966,0.00023760037,0.013636398,0.000119403034,0.00004079473,0.000018180459,0.0000804562,0.00011288649,0.0031246594],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99847955,0.0005756234,0.0001499444,0.0003725054,0.0002364628,0.00018579925],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977502,0.0011511027,0.00015959336,0.00046106023,0.0003756452,0.000102388425],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0017147885,0.0004073259,0.00063617574,0.0018366991,0.0024485039,0.003667531,0.0009893002,0.0009785146,0.004399793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0047349376,0.00054154557,0.0007887302,0.0020724938,0.008611989,0.018479642,0.002997864,0.0017593331,0.00039971995],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000013383166,0.0000030791732,0.00012439895,0.000017458402,0.0000031010397,0.000028921566,0.0012697644,0.00021719949,0.00036285803,0.9950067,0.00017570422,0.0027774805],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000421845,0.0000037149318,0.0002449498,0.000012975415,0.000007671553,0.00004835654,0.00042356807,0.0011512724,0.00033873293,0.99457955,0.0031709261,0.000014132109],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051714242,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005002021,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051714242,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0018445565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011310801,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014718831},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408362091","doi":"10.1007/s11050-025-09231-0","title":"Timing of evidence and epistemic modal claims","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Jacobs Research Funds","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Modal; Philosophy of science; Linguistics; Epistemology; Epistemic modality; Philosophy; Syntax; Metaphysics; Chemistry","score_opus":0.04595098856795716,"score_gpt":0.2996282537600079,"score_spread":0.25367726519205075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408362091","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.297577,0.0033251296,0.53213143,0.018846795,0.000888861,0.00017306373,0.0013264081,0.0013457647,0.1443855],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97820354,0.00039879058,0.01650143,0.00030616487,0.0003263101,0.00005463517,0.00023694713,0.00023166696,0.0037405824],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.98418427,0.0058064787,0.0016813248,0.0036335876,0.0034856785,0.0012085848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.71194726,0.24303515,0.014007542,0.017575204,0.00984545,0.003589431],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.022575183,0.0007641026,0.0018774183,0.0044021374,0.0026994094,0.014026116,0.0035593521,0.0057073985,0.016446132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.18122093,0.002370175,0.0016683771,0.0028756547,0.009076795,0.04336238,0.0062636547,0.007458504,0.0010558491],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00031419867,0.000053397038,0.0021716906,0.00010304394,0.000048526188,0.00021860196,0.0006966021,0.0018528257,0.00077653833,0.98575914,0.0005624336,0.0074430993],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006176596,0.00003713424,0.0012054447,0.00003886865,0.00004869496,0.0001858735,0.00029475772,0.0059633963,0.00082843663,0.98932904,0.0019761478,0.00003040405],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026297236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017310467,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.022575183,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0043844716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0027921468,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.11939043},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413833211","doi":"10.1007/s11050-025-09238-7","title":"Semantics of obviation in Atchan: disjointness and long-distance obligatory binding","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Semantics (computer science); Philosophy of language; Computer science; Linguistics; Mathematics; Philosophy; Programming language; Theology; Metaphysics","score_opus":0.009921979835485338,"score_gpt":0.24976472696030477,"score_spread":0.23984274712481943,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413833211","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.79873323,0.00055760425,0.0459981,0.0010065364,0.00006552091,0.000040103416,0.000138789,0.0001797595,0.15328036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958365,0.000040286683,0.0021530383,0.000029481113,0.000007544469,0.000008354247,0.000024424553,0.00003937818,0.001860979],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989016,0.00033983332,0.000077415956,0.0002535195,0.00029207312,0.0001354839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986085,0.0005650417,0.00023277603,0.00026668745,0.00025581516,0.00007118148],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010644479,0.00031273148,0.00039284557,0.001038317,0.0023551357,0.00301215,0.0009051498,0.00080613664,0.0035895107],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021379143,0.00036066654,0.00025835496,0.0016371562,0.0072959163,0.005550267,0.0025653923,0.0013724491,0.00020346267],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000055979985,0.000009485241,0.0010391469,0.000057118774,0.000010719361,0.00049427775,0.014704367,0.0004627515,0.006505653,0.9702501,0.00025704957,0.0061534075],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000059165883,0.00010167275,0.013057681,0.00015550124,0.0000987174,0.002701306,0.03054453,0.012655092,0.01644697,0.8191903,0.104828425,0.00016059903],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.012279827,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01594529,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012279827,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0035643375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0011172296,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.025861263},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4414169560","doi":"10.1007/s11050-025-09239-6","title":"Polar questions in nɬeʔkepmxcín: monopolar, bipolar, and exhaustive","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Natural Language Semantics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Ambiguity; Philosophy of language; Semantics (computer science); Set (abstract data type); Singleton; Natural language; Contrast (vision); Natural (archaeology)","score_opus":0.008949057745737028,"score_gpt":0.25512764054904946,"score_spread":0.24617858280331242,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4414169560","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4265558,0.0049149147,0.09718817,0.019652518,0.00051425176,0.00015538622,0.0005493064,0.00026063138,0.450209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98892844,0.00049785065,0.0050906995,0.0011391677,0.00018272629,0.00004949536,0.00014480972,0.000050203456,0.0039166375],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983602,0.00075248675,0.0001481309,0.00023602498,0.0003672448,0.00013575998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934343,0.0041796966,0.0006442235,0.0005307752,0.0009355133,0.0002753506],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030119123,0.00027103777,0.00027031082,0.001232661,0.0016219799,0.004193661,0.0004918128,0.0011713733,0.004460005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007283855,0.00036567316,0.00040991136,0.0010929009,0.012948458,0.010884525,0.0025813596,0.0022341858,0.00055018143],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010546358,0.000011605237,0.0017379889,0.00007292962,0.0000075335447,0.000070178816,0.014934348,0.00006568346,0.0012330146,0.96849746,0.0014395298,0.011824108],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000049043738,0.00006961486,0.008629834,0.00013675382,0.000030906376,0.00058878394,0.016416797,0.0012450893,0.0020599908,0.8985024,0.07221285,0.00005792034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0015408472,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014972799,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004460005,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0010536611,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00045162975,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.015928686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}