{"meta":{"query_hash":"a08757efe54a","filters":{"venue":"Online journal of distance learning administration"},"cohort_total":5,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"exported":5,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/a08757efe54a","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Online+journal+of+distance+learning+administration"},"results":[{"id":"W137391454","doi":"","title":"Integrated Solutions to E-Learning Implementation: Models, Structures and Practices at Trinity Western University.","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Online journal of distance learning administration","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Trinity Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Lifelong learning; Online learning; Distance education; Realm; Educational technology; Andragogy; Higher education; Knowledge management; Sociology; Computer science; Pedagogy; Adult education; Political science; Multimedia","score_opus":0.05348925926152757,"score_gpt":0.3822057929827824,"score_spread":0.3287165337212548,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W137391454","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97167397,0.00012999371,0.018199997,0.009224073,0.00010446549,0.00010881425,0.000011765677,0.00004099423,0.0005059192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873643,0.00033981577,0.011020037,0.000035041,0.0002883475,3.403285e-7,0.0000514132,0.000009744773,0.0008909631],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.998461,0.00039720847,0.0003357043,0.00017051183,0.00039676475,0.00023880192],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982677,0.00012291405,0.0010101805,0.000057709272,0.00034693448,0.0001945746],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075129746,0.000116573305,0.00017992727,0.00014684367,0.0010487993,0.0001407553,0.00014398884,0.00007771721,0.000050593153],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005846388,0.000118599484,0.000056037392,0.00035402348,0.00008763587,0.0008996755,0.00003625395,0.0006070688,0.000002395422],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.003295013,0.0011408976,0.2759251,0.00015670837,0.00046187712,0.0004895685,0.06446518,0.28837615,0.00422404,0.10712575,0.0005033482,0.25383636],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0023300687,0.0020341894,0.027233914,0.00022276693,0.00018784536,0.000109967026,0.20281357,0.0005138521,0.0001547114,0.0018034232,0.7621459,0.0004498515],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019884919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015317658,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7616425,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034729938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0010578745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8547613},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1481397022","doi":"","title":"An Analysis of Online Education and Learning Management Systems in the Nordic Countries","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Online journal of distance learning administration","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Learning Management; Higher education; Management system; Blackboard (design pattern); Tracking (education); Distance education; Computer science; Public relations; Business; Political science; Mathematics education; Psychology; Multimedia; Pedagogy; Engineering; Operations management","score_opus":0.01610166173387695,"score_gpt":0.33585704769038904,"score_spread":0.3197553859565121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1481397022","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942198,0.001623768,0.00105054,0.0020457897,0.0001113419,0.000106581596,0.00000583067,0.000011677473,0.0008247022],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957388,0.0017017756,0.001524695,0.00003312587,0.00027757307,0.0000018597334,0.000057035923,0.0000070452793,0.00065811165],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99763465,0.0009101434,0.00058787875,0.00013967969,0.00056530366,0.00016235388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99855363,0.00019937602,0.0008343109,0.000102594444,0.0002467499,0.00006332742],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018002128,0.00010049528,0.00027636255,0.00037053082,0.0003098234,0.00014718751,0.00020467985,0.00006544988,0.00003670118],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00028369908,0.00008232803,0.00007282821,0.00087224564,0.000109570334,0.0004172368,0.000007096153,0.0005423028,5.7081473e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017626934,0.0033105847,0.62933236,0.00024795873,0.0004975304,0.000056295838,0.0373829,0.08405954,0.000114084185,0.018515477,0.00012102022,0.22618596],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006918626,0.0013691643,0.25688446,0.00049869576,0.0011286933,0.000025570129,0.43817276,0.055214077,0.000003967329,0.00008044836,0.24562053,0.00030979735],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011670864,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0021651518,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.40078986,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000075932905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00019152027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.33572394},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1602653552","doi":"","title":"An Interesting Profile-University Students who Take Distance Education Courses Show Weaker Motivation Than On-Campus Students","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Online journal of distance learning administration","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"","keywords":"Situational ethics; Psychology; Univariate; Descriptive statistics; Experiential learning; Discriminant function analysis; Sample (material); Mathematics education; Statistical analysis; Higher education; Distance education; Social psychology; Multivariate statistics; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.02902314772745528,"score_gpt":0.35729934209315706,"score_spread":0.32827619436570177,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1602653552","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922785,0.00009315546,0.003411362,0.0015969425,0.00046702824,0.00020060911,0.00001238219,0.000056752546,0.0018832514],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899181,0.0001832399,0.001841594,0.000044364417,0.0009450192,0.0000011817186,0.00005888116,0.000021334174,0.006986285],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9969939,0.0006609234,0.0004998229,0.0002891435,0.0012574586,0.00029873973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99771494,0.00017285754,0.0011755708,0.00016444614,0.00054829643,0.00022386893],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00095873326,0.0001955136,0.00026641897,0.00017811918,0.000774246,0.0003485387,0.0005877614,0.000127468,0.00013336963],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00095087494,0.00020286592,0.00010060514,0.0004100781,0.00012826492,0.0011806528,0.000022712398,0.0007916592,0.0000106769985],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024867197,0.002622036,0.93829,0.000028854942,0.000052652515,0.000033290842,0.0045878235,0.0009043981,0.00013208945,0.0014807753,0.00047024243,0.051149145],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0022950037,0.0038844228,0.67518,0.0022968221,0.00020095556,0.00003070688,0.120687015,0.0025823792,0.000107572036,0.0001952494,0.19168042,0.0008594359],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000017516717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007291934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.26311,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00035463597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049314304,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82726324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W197976794","doi":"","title":"New Systemic Roles Facilitating the Integration of Face-to-Face and Virtual Learning","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Online journal of distance learning administration","topic":"Education in Rural Contexts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"","keywords":"Geography; Mainland; Rural area; Population; Archaeology; Political science; Sociology","score_opus":0.034940144799658034,"score_gpt":0.35122632752159055,"score_spread":0.31628618272193254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W197976794","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.94085217,0.0005666095,0.054707266,0.0032477272,0.0001869731,0.00012622315,0.0000024789333,0.000017357514,0.00029317674],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929499,0.00020942141,0.002329764,0.000024163846,0.0002931922,0.0000015108542,0.0000067118785,0.00000796646,0.004177367],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99815947,0.00051495,0.0005736587,0.0001168693,0.00049174274,0.00014331902],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99808085,0.0005152515,0.0008337376,0.00007141422,0.00037320534,0.00012551475],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010357413,0.000100919875,0.00019546298,0.00007867084,0.00056863687,0.00006697422,0.00018177595,0.00006276733,0.000020392868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003372486,0.00008053144,0.00005848939,0.000268478,0.00013457504,0.00036501023,0.000012884062,0.00047935787,0.0000030653398],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055522285,0.0002088437,0.13931926,0.00009196765,0.00010528814,0.000014807359,0.573857,0.0349082,0.036170237,0.017233726,0.001073625,0.19646183],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00087408995,0.0024291421,0.0769448,0.0014061546,0.000074720854,0.0001870615,0.8946925,0.0016334469,0.0013062892,0.0003303949,0.019712426,0.00040898385],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007787961,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00060087116,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.32083547,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009650682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006340954,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43735525},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W207807756","doi":"","title":"Leapfrogging Across Generations of Open and Distance Learning at Al-Quds Open University: A Case Study","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Online journal of distance learning administration","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Open university; Distance education; Excellence; Leapfrogging; Open educational resources; Open learning; Engineering management; Instructional design; Open education; European union; Educational technology; Higher education; Sociology; Engineering; Computer science; Management; Political science; Pedagogy; Business; Teaching method; Economic growth; Cooperative learning; Economics","score_opus":0.040124250319864725,"score_gpt":0.40917871628197433,"score_spread":0.3690544659621096,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W207807756","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9909447,0.0001829334,0.0032666451,0.0037128022,0.000078992045,0.00034166136,0.00001402654,0.000022378648,0.0014358935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894887,0.0002173672,0.0054080957,0.00004634682,0.00017363224,6.903374e-7,0.000023583803,0.000013377533,0.004628182],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975412,0.0008132827,0.00060311466,0.0002908164,0.00045118478,0.000300384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99789536,0.00017829849,0.0011875252,0.0001419206,0.000408077,0.00018882734],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021269764,0.00016696837,0.00041366846,0.00009133273,0.0018856602,0.0005568231,0.0005734854,0.00008181905,0.000040485003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006080514,0.00017483949,0.00007316866,0.0004918606,0.0001547601,0.0015202109,0.00017673183,0.0007014049,9.3210815e-7],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0023744819,0.0044056075,0.5810969,0.00007163385,0.00033830525,0.00735647,0.09215015,0.01662701,0.003466342,0.009490383,0.0008357076,0.28178698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0038899705,0.004936658,0.019560311,0.00040755846,0.00020546958,0.0008311004,0.53125346,0.0028157101,0.00011349525,0.00017529103,0.4352156,0.000595355],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003305389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013513197,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5615366,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00020761554,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007423797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994137},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}