{"meta":{"query_hash":"e086a2bd836a","filters":{"venue":"PRX Energy"},"cohort_total":6,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":6,"exported":6,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/e086a2bd836a","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=PRX+Energy"},"results":[{"id":"W4365509375","doi":"10.1103/prxenergy.2.023001","title":"Ratchet-Based Ion Pumps for Selective Ion Separations","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRX Energy","topic":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Science; Azrieli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Flashing; Ratchet; Ion; Diffusion; Lithium (medication); Mechanism (biology); Ion pump; Chemistry; Chemical physics; Materials science; Physics; Thermodynamics; Physical chemistry","score_opus":0.019264501366785643,"score_gpt":0.26567940799546197,"score_spread":0.24641490662867632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4365509375","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04782572,0.000133573,0.92263705,0.0007562421,0.00097515894,0.0007264618,0.000088349545,0.008188078,0.018669385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99406964,0.000042795426,0.002441697,0.00020377236,0.00021164674,0.0009944901,0.0004918185,0.00006246769,0.0014816903],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916774,0.000033548808,0.00021916222,0.00019742298,0.00014212549,0.00024000801],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994427,0.00014685544,0.000034537123,0.00020653094,0.000104103165,0.00006528361],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001552937,0.00014900338,0.00014808595,0.00024704816,0.00010291412,0.00003687606,0.00010207241,0.00011243224,0.000044889122],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000045040517,0.00016264546,0.00007820126,0.0005805524,0.000015025601,0.00013029757,0.000009429999,0.00007061885,0.00006855249],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000052011183,0.0000430524,0.000042753833,0.000097306896,0.00005505068,0.00000296059,0.00019340437,0.41788736,0.38225868,0.0130842365,0.18126453,0.0050186603],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022720144,0.00004242725,0.000052947074,0.000009449802,0.000007527931,5.286254e-7,0.000007716263,0.25019073,0.6674135,0.0010952619,0.08081069,0.00014203417],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000031486245,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006998553,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9462439,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009355465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000050781215,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.66324896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4382174892","doi":"10.1103/prxenergy.2.023004","title":"Minimizing Roughness Induced Optical Losses for a Four-Terminal <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Cd</mml:mi><mml:mi>Te</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>Si</mml:mi></mml:math> Tandem Solar Cell","year":2023,"lang":"lv","type":"article","venue":"PRX Energy","topic":"Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Materials Research; National Science Foundation; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota; College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota; Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems; Novo Nordisk Canada; Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University; University of Minnesota","keywords":"Surface roughness; Surface finish; Materials science; Optics; Computer science; Physics; Composite material","score_opus":0.025749282890581298,"score_gpt":0.24052748523828338,"score_spread":0.2147782023477021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4382174892","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9372723,0.0016222118,0.0017721053,0.0004444447,0.0054885657,0.00008658783,0.00044602412,0.0006756092,0.052192148],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853626,0.0011965283,0.0036454343,0.0009654342,0.004077951,0.0015874318,0.0013157931,0.0014223864,0.00042646774],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9888268,0.00034368347,0.0023948024,0.002389939,0.0025225908,0.0035221889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99210465,0.0023092,0.0015309344,0.002398968,0.00025954825,0.0013967117],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","scholarly_communication","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018757151,0.001405101,0.0006656787,0.0007397014,0.0016016783,0.0016639653,0.002548215,0.0032651785,0.021173744],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001860037,0.002547712,0.0022979318,0.00159536,0.0009765932,0.0016783023,0.0023569285,0.002098215,0.0016251302],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001504142,0.00048534755,0.000025202338,0.0028743874,0.002638572,0.0035592725,0.0033464518,0.011587211,0.052799232,0.8585126,0.058925718,0.0037419016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0024022434,0.0011550181,0.000052228275,0.0012961101,0.0016467093,0.0015179412,0.0019530158,0.21813224,0.76427275,0.00061168906,0.004915745,0.0020442992],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017257221,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014140907,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.85790086,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005999426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014854001,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99986994},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4393754647","doi":"10.1103/bhyh-53np","title":"Extending the Self-Discharge Time of Dicke Quantum Batteries Using Molecular Triplets","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"PRX Energy","topic":"Electrochemical Analysis and Applications","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Australian Research Council; HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme; RMIT University; European Commission; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Australian National Fabrication Facility","keywords":"Quantum; Physics; Quantum mechanics","score_opus":0.009756165895332168,"score_gpt":0.2492645472027602,"score_spread":0.23950838130742802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4393754647","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9503297,0.006543295,0.021972053,0.0017551183,0.00010168024,0.00015395813,0.0003228919,0.00033152034,0.018489787],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957351,0.00037087512,0.0008731692,0.00015823952,0.00014304955,0.00011768445,0.00031475123,0.00002840334,0.0022586933],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986314,0.000031976455,0.00042848094,0.000430064,0.00022718786,0.0002508978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987356,0.00009272552,0.00031611946,0.0007363272,0.000070409216,0.00004881373],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009168036,0.00025578268,0.00042408676,0.000059171773,0.00011653625,0.000043604832,0.0005887296,0.00021479615,0.00031194786],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002965044,0.00019703266,0.00032552143,0.00018814525,0.00006583108,0.000019351508,0.00060723,0.0003223598,0.0000041648714],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005543816,0.00009374067,0.000033084085,0.00022348715,0.00036835385,0.0000013178202,0.0000545322,0.00038291284,0.983538,0.014488295,0.00024436667,0.0005663898],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009072123,0.0000027277576,0.000004046636,0.00018868635,0.00037774903,0.0000023758207,0.000017324704,0.04428352,0.93259984,0.008199941,0.013983925,0.0002491128],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00018849793,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000033335682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.050938107,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000068854606,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012180611,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80347586},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4404041394","doi":"10.1103/prxenergy.3.043005","title":"Effect of Microstructure on Chemo-Mechanical Damage Evolution in Aluminum Foil Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRX Energy","topic":"Advancements in Battery Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Novelis (Canada)","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; Novelis","keywords":"Microstructure; Anode; Materials science; FOIL method; Lithium (medication); Aluminium; Ion; Metallurgy; Composite material; Chemistry; Electrode; Medicine; Internal medicine","score_opus":0.005166668791202182,"score_gpt":0.23688252872061408,"score_spread":0.2317158599294119,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4404041394","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805596,0.0003266855,0.01667144,0.000051671304,0.0017300219,0.00016375442,0.000081126935,0.00017804425,0.00023769231],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987289,0.000017421344,0.000650413,0.000032554402,0.0001807304,0.00010195511,0.000057082605,0.00004812816,0.00018282326],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99924296,0.000040789302,0.00022807364,0.00019677711,0.000092355855,0.00019901834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996295,0.00014542018,0.000021669312,0.00017116379,0.000011652388,0.000020591231],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00016441343,0.00016690527,0.00022531443,0.00010139977,0.000016711792,0.00002629496,0.00010136322,0.00010513318,0.000046185225],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000370934,0.00014952871,0.00003808682,0.00009984287,0.000025394034,0.000122372,0.000035267585,0.000064661974,0.000004086595],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010616307,0.000008008787,0.000031434924,0.0008048459,0.00002028639,0.0000037390082,0.00005692863,0.0044648936,0.9863933,0.0027095154,0.0006047656,0.0047961385],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031159486,0.00021687668,0.00016055397,0.00022664318,0.000013410979,0.0000031030856,0.0000053303784,0.0039299736,0.9880088,0.001854156,0.005129087,0.00014044532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001194797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000011426102,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018169327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012825223,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000696701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6097604},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407742492","doi":"10.1103/prxenergy.4.017002","title":"Spatial Atomic Layer Deposition for Energy and Electronic Devices","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRX Energy","topic":"Semiconductor materials and devices","field":"Engineering","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Association Neurofibromatoses et Recklinghause; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; UK Research and Innovation","keywords":"Atomic layer deposition; Deposition (geology); Layer (electronics); Materials science; Layer by layer; Energy (signal processing); Nanotechnology; Optoelectronics; Physics; Geology","score_opus":0.0052386062860842525,"score_gpt":0.20627147055548353,"score_spread":0.2010328642693993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407742492","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9537107,0.0055779866,0.03798911,0.000054950877,0.0005655616,0.00004611806,0.000008291082,0.00020367507,0.0018436624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988122,0.00037022357,0.00016171653,0.00026934483,0.0001476652,0.00006157284,0.000029187198,0.000017568094,0.00013053368],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99950755,0.000009925078,0.0001203466,0.00012967359,0.00003646666,0.0001960301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998238,0.000035910445,0.000016570562,0.00008221434,0.00001709036,0.000024430028],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000032778113,0.00010210186,0.00012110718,0.000060157636,0.000041788717,0.000049369428,0.000057926496,0.000064729,0.00001915501],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003309656,0.00009938357,0.000025789606,0.00005135227,0.0000088378965,0.00007920261,0.000016828059,0.000018629926,6.702934e-7],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004898689,0.000016476142,0.00036381747,0.00020503775,0.00014539287,0.0000010350142,0.00003982103,0.0007320071,0.8469924,0.11492711,0.0014517813,0.03507613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00043512456,0.000033870274,0.00049988116,0.00003746426,0.000042300388,0.000004169281,0.000012172861,0.030198015,0.81388617,0.0075953933,0.14705469,0.00020076119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000653594,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019001504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1456029,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003575817,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017209459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40527445},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4416074206","doi":"10.1103/3b46-sdm5","title":"Toward a Drift-Diffusion Device Conceptualization of Alkali-Ion Rocking-Chair Batteries","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PRX Energy","topic":"Advanced battery technologies research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Battery (electricity); Conceptualization; Bridge (graph theory); Electronics; Field (mathematics); Heterojunction; Key (lock); Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry); Work (physics)","score_opus":0.017305674187913022,"score_gpt":0.26155157217624836,"score_spread":0.24424589798833535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4416074206","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23038615,0.0016200906,0.760637,0.0005085871,0.00038107196,0.0001455967,0.000009950271,0.0011289519,0.0051826094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99764043,0.00047232452,0.0012000053,0.00010605975,0.000023139108,0.000048884536,0.000020779487,0.000023803017,0.00046454687],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99916184,0.000024495375,0.00023369388,0.00017667179,0.00016885153,0.00023447773],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995549,0.00007199209,0.000036116773,0.0002325217,0.00008029623,0.0000241871],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000047933576,0.00013616812,0.0001867853,0.00022923695,0.000043166663,0.000015021656,0.00024649742,0.00012796036,0.000056314828],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000080081845,0.00013868239,0.000036591904,0.000480946,0.00008012142,0.00013832364,0.0001794059,0.00010326695,0.0000040924033],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006418714,0.0000850851,0.0026115603,0.0007227141,0.00012554895,0.000013905192,0.0007723632,0.08298177,0.6877449,0.05084154,0.0033278519,0.17070857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038121195,0.000042592226,0.00083209947,0.0001485396,0.00001032097,0.0000021874832,0.00040623534,0.031007806,0.8741732,0.0035835076,0.08919801,0.00021426374],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057485417,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000047785772,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7672543,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008288423,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017785616,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.56553036},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}