{"meta":{"query_hash":"4e963d823199","filters":{"venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems"},"cohort_total":14,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":14,"exported":14,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/4e963d823199","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Progress+in+Solar+Energy+and+Engineering+Systems"},"results":[{"id":"W3015974594","doi":"10.18280/psees.030104","title":"Experimental and Three-Dimensional Investigation on Thermal Performance of a Vortex Tube","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vortex tube; Tube (container); Vortex; Thermal; Mechanics; Materials science; Mechanical engineering; Physics; Engineering; Composite material; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.006826108262149317,"score_gpt":0.18209006102509187,"score_spread":0.17526395276294254,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3015974594","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958026,0.0001523183,0.0027183187,0.00003219031,0.000025040736,0.000020002195,0.00021005198,0.00006349918,0.00097599387],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963899,0.000110948255,0.0025671779,0.0000057041293,0.0000069323282,0.000025136544,0.00012184223,0.000016701742,0.00075564487],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972874,0.00003255672,0.000018134599,0.00005353009,0.00011986999,0.00004713133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995161,0.00014079124,0.000071852366,0.000055681543,0.00017369023,0.000041833646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00047823528,0.00040156062,0.00039960415,0.0003387843,0.0006663695,0.00040895515,0.0003310797,0.0005306443,0.0024498599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006756538,0.00022515879,0.00026359243,0.0004113731,0.0005687827,0.0005401704,0.00036332622,0.00032843548,0.00021805405],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057984376,0.0001894421,0.002661455,0.00015639911,0.0000092716045,0.00021897261,0.0003284198,0.008943558,0.98121154,0.0006511819,0.00034690124,0.004703107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003875058,0.0019796505,0.011883608,0.000020060561,0.000025967845,0.00018880547,0.00027268613,0.038223345,0.9454371,0.00022500588,0.0016465558,0.000058440135],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00044813592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00042459532,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0024498599,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002291029,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00023392205,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008195639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285061931","doi":"10.18280/psees.050105","title":"Study of Fluid-Thermodynamic Transfers in Solar Ponds: Theoretical Approach","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Thermodynamics; Work (physics); Temperature gradient; Heat transfer; Thermal; Second law of thermodynamics; Thermodynamic temperature; Mechanism (biology); Mechanics; Statistical physics; Physics; Meteorology","score_opus":0.005983424037203478,"score_gpt":0.20527316915283494,"score_spread":0.19928974511563147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285061931","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12942496,0.006927771,0.8017926,0.0014677816,0.0002887956,0.00016059287,0.00023168199,0.00025402347,0.059451666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9329081,0.0062993905,0.04516948,0.00023947236,0.000388263,0.0002658378,0.00011900027,0.00010618245,0.014504254],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99984133,0.00005463322,0.00000594557,0.000024121233,0.000052854906,0.000021106638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997876,0.00012855484,0.000023906363,0.0000123767,0.000033110493,0.000014376735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00036307916,0.0004782216,0.00072832557,0.0009543133,0.00065634627,0.00097169925,0.0011600616,0.0009665899,0.0020004648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009518094,0.0002901304,0.0009012445,0.0005807171,0.0017446729,0.0015469106,0.0010892687,0.00078733166,0.00034076135],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000026340673,0.00012817742,0.0007711783,0.00033782137,0.00003363627,0.00024135652,0.00018184289,0.49120796,0.008606575,0.48868757,0.00073786906,0.009039635],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008964536,0.000022913806,0.00020222703,0.000015669491,0.0000072979306,0.000053808664,0.00004325289,0.9470016,0.0008413143,0.05053912,0.0012520397,0.000011811035],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002226105,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008296213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002226105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0011032767,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007905421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008004904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285312180","doi":"10.18280/psees.050101","title":"Matlab/Stateflow P&amp;O and ICMPPT Implementation for PEM Fuel Cell Power System","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Stateflow; Maximum power principle; MATLAB; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Maximum power point tracking; Control theory (sociology); Power (physics); Computer science; Voltage; Fuel cells; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.005294450905463711,"score_gpt":0.20497945901561365,"score_spread":0.19968500811014994,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285312180","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0110645555,0.00015533296,0.89942974,0.0002078218,0.00014215423,0.00018784091,0.0016622533,0.06332981,0.023820441],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5047749,0.00065736455,0.444302,0.0004051872,0.000060353977,0.0017251901,0.0041879467,0.007974304,0.035912648],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9997229,0.00006595072,0.000026105801,0.000048499238,0.0001016977,0.000034862434],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99942553,0.00022205597,0.00004786249,0.00010528468,0.00017996416,0.000019233503],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00046439783,0.001060066,0.00035912293,0.0005377749,0.00029646856,0.0008563134,0.0014598054,0.00055450527,0.0404689],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0017426701,0.00036006,0.00037725954,0.00036541876,0.00026057498,0.00074535457,0.00049500534,0.0011912379,0.00705278],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009517109,0.00047137216,0.003604048,0.0024574236,0.00015753855,0.0010530241,0.0009491114,0.3537582,0.042505223,0.045843013,0.080612585,0.46763667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001579816,0.00023865387,0.00095297454,0.0001446169,0.00003939785,0.0004050493,0.00006694193,0.8126011,0.0961644,0.009316107,0.079854704,0.000058013302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0018685049,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016405516,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0404689,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003775746,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00074769446,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.13538194},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285313208","doi":"10.18280/psees.050104","title":"Thermal Performance Enhancement of Asphalt Solar Collector by Using Extended Surfaces","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Multiphysics; Asphalt; Materials science; Thermal; Solar energy; Composite material; Rut; Wetting; Environmental science; Finite element method; Structural engineering; Engineering; Meteorology; Physics; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.011359118262203378,"score_gpt":0.22302898321954526,"score_spread":0.21166986495734189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285313208","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951977,0.00034362616,0.0031187006,0.000013718834,0.000018519111,0.000004618176,0.000049997976,0.00008183609,0.0011712706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977381,0.0001495574,0.0014565205,0.0000046972277,0.0000031504435,0.0000031715304,0.000037089256,0.000008480617,0.0005992091],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999861,0.000013254109,0.000008017722,0.000029782894,0.00006149152,0.000026409745],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99984574,0.000024926629,0.000026316018,0.00002522481,0.000061468425,0.000016262366],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00017966001,0.00032466112,0.0003272687,0.00029072547,0.00017510577,0.00039689968,0.0003136293,0.00029516165,0.00088125386],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021039121,0.000160659,0.0004326841,0.00030778532,0.00015719477,0.00036431002,0.0002820596,0.00019082536,0.00022811398],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00040545207,0.00008686525,0.00667825,0.00021881428,0.00004929916,0.00029516572,0.00014566073,0.04171905,0.9274712,0.00034398428,0.00030930768,0.022276942],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000021641787,0.0013016931,0.020726712,0.000019310088,0.000068314504,0.00024252324,0.00021579803,0.11777835,0.8562532,0.00017317352,0.003154043,0.000045239336],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00059860485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012650682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00088125386,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001711043,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000112721464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0029481053},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285313699","doi":"10.18280/psees.050103","title":"Simulation Study of a Flat Plate Solar Collector Influence of the Mixture Air Flow","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Baffle; Mechanics; Glazing; Heat transfer; Materials science; Fluid dynamics; Thermal; Current (fluid); Solar energy; Flow (mathematics); Work (physics); Optics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.007809137754857498,"score_gpt":0.21141277602171743,"score_spread":0.20360363826685993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285313699","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.91795975,0.0006889284,0.027282039,0.0005279063,0.00020637394,0.00012251764,0.0011680891,0.0005474562,0.05149702],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99399924,0.00015170877,0.001819365,0.00003252867,0.000011262792,0.000037685728,0.00021705925,0.00002852258,0.0037025616],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99983764,0.000038956347,0.000006885482,0.000026335061,0.000035562865,0.000054633798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99941444,0.00031403205,0.000045337136,0.000027542274,0.00013561385,0.00006304261],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031445597,0.00064311107,0.00072583806,0.00056182244,0.0008714607,0.0012226705,0.0007201353,0.0016868279,0.004469797],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00097129523,0.00031617453,0.0009161326,0.00057011296,0.0007145246,0.0006090756,0.0005217054,0.000718435,0.00037156514],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00014894399,0.00006939187,0.0025632929,0.00007015349,0.000020401834,0.00028274927,0.00006823505,0.99169487,0.0022208376,0.0008499484,0.000501648,0.0015096474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002199015,0.00006037027,0.0008738987,0.00000952066,0.000012821703,0.000019412924,0.00006113195,0.9975594,0.0008346756,0.00017685254,0.0003609965,0.000008935103],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.032626785,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.012112436,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032626785,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006456403,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009282429,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.064873755},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285314018","doi":"10.18280/psees.050102","title":"Proposal a New Energy Certification with Multi-Criteria Analysis of Strategies Passives of Tertiary Building in Arid Region","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Certification; Sustainability; Energy (signal processing); Environmental economics; Energy performance; Computer science; Energy analysis; Mathematics; Statistics; Economics","score_opus":0.009807571048863305,"score_gpt":0.21772636170161136,"score_spread":0.20791879065274804,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285314018","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.54070485,0.00039566823,0.43917644,0.0005002827,0.000047032914,0.0007707195,0.000427563,0.00038727242,0.017590143],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481472,0.00008766293,0.049698427,0.000023668028,0.000007858656,0.00014485118,0.00027027586,0.000024576542,0.0015953418],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855334,0.0005088196,0.0000890457,0.00015118724,0.00055615103,0.000141473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990024,0.00023907132,0.00010655662,0.000045696845,0.0005262462,0.000079960046],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0021663888,0.00065001287,0.000557614,0.002331666,0.0005703056,0.0022815862,0.0007686528,0.0007107232,0.0021405688],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0024269985,0.00021501748,0.0010119654,0.0009137971,0.00042782372,0.0010510614,0.0008488108,0.00036822175,0.00014279276],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00026740966,0.00037638663,0.040626843,0.00042880274,0.00017697825,0.0003918982,0.00048363765,0.80940604,0.011463348,0.01897643,0.002458131,0.11494413],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000022880266,0.0002289881,0.00960872,0.000034555716,0.000048508344,0.0000700599,0.00061904255,0.9808493,0.0027547267,0.0039196247,0.0018093154,0.000034255165],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009645674,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008000916,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009645674,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002019456,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015974035,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.019179046},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285558342","doi":"10.18280/psees.040104","title":"Modelling and Analysis of Hybrid PV-PEM Fuel Cell Power System","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Direction Générale de la Recherche Scientifique et du Développement Technologique","keywords":"Hybrid system; Automotive engineering; Photovoltaic system; Renewable energy; Proton exchange membrane fuel cell; Process engineering; Electricity generation; Computer science; Hybrid power; Sizing; Photovoltaics; Fossil fuel; Greenhouse gas; Electric power system; Environmental science; Power (physics); Engineering; Electrical engineering; Fuel cells; Waste management","score_opus":0.006053925963563749,"score_gpt":0.16403103792968096,"score_spread":0.15797711196611722,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285558342","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13019368,0.0029804714,0.75670797,0.0005728118,0.00020245898,0.0003186354,0.0015427619,0.0015011048,0.105980024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9650012,0.0011789778,0.012950286,0.00005496465,0.000039372713,0.00031627467,0.00041299674,0.000088867084,0.019957103],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99980813,0.000044284454,0.000010327259,0.000036185753,0.00007143922,0.000029651213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99989057,0.000040646784,0.00002078729,0.0000074164054,0.000034754637,0.000005846083],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00019144078,0.0007302528,0.000948812,0.00055538065,0.00055519596,0.0013581644,0.001125565,0.0013886311,0.0048729246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003781253,0.0004292684,0.00088715635,0.00047042916,0.0004267667,0.0007886599,0.0005480583,0.00066295674,0.0007607228],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027166616,0.000013931914,0.00047872926,0.0000936717,0.00002616228,0.00031200144,0.00004589412,0.9897565,0.0026847122,0.0027541637,0.00033071608,0.0034763585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006784504,0.00002797398,0.0003648641,0.0000125577635,0.00001108944,0.00007858871,0.000020541562,0.9962838,0.00066226244,0.0011087796,0.0014152662,0.000007471137],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010684409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004742208,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010684409,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00061985163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00061693566,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.021244407},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285559801","doi":"10.18280/psees.040103","title":"Analysis of the Effects of ZrO2 Nanoparticles on the Penetration in GMAW Process","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Penetration (warfare); Penetration depth; Welding; Coating; Composite material; Gas metal arc welding; Nozzle; Metallurgy; Heat-affected zone; Mechanical engineering; Optics","score_opus":0.0059405689918876625,"score_gpt":0.19700960403537676,"score_spread":0.1910690350434891,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285559801","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9886191,0.0015516691,0.007509825,0.000046814093,0.00001763176,0.000029097597,0.00015560575,0.00010656093,0.0019636215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953556,0.0006260048,0.0022794139,0.000019588144,0.000002907741,0.000012285625,0.000099102865,0.000031276788,0.0015737107],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99972576,0.00001960438,0.000012642024,0.00005153061,0.00014388321,0.000046557532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998086,0.000052329262,0.000047746318,0.000013113745,0.00006900918,0.000009167406],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022722333,0.00030654104,0.00023740383,0.00020350263,0.00011398198,0.00028796852,0.00022666507,0.00034609504,0.00090541155],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003592053,0.00024001137,0.0004242787,0.00018929549,0.00013608979,0.00031688582,0.0001666067,0.00030186653,0.00023749823],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000064755135,0.00000843929,0.00032340383,0.00009976308,0.000008418486,0.00005524704,0.000046557027,0.00035960722,0.9964121,0.00004486407,0.000026615808,0.0025502646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039229762,0.00024845375,0.0038883875,0.000005216694,0.000024841502,0.00006980266,0.000044553926,0.0017938812,0.99312687,0.000022217737,0.0007662996,0.0000055767264],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010223166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001295807,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0010223166,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022559802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011202111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0030289292},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285564345","doi":"10.18280/psees.040102","title":"Characterization Process of Silicon Solar Cell in BAEC Lab","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solar cell; Sheet resistance; Wafer; Materials science; Scanning electron microscope; Optoelectronics; Silicon; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Diffusion; Equivalent series resistance; Voltage; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Chemistry; Electrical engineering; Physics","score_opus":0.007109086940720152,"score_gpt":0.18680273450077067,"score_spread":0.17969364756005052,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285564345","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9504472,0.0014726829,0.02663229,0.00034240933,0.00012704179,0.00024306116,0.002770271,0.0005300202,0.017435046],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96345377,0.0008897111,0.021453993,0.00011197734,0.0000172828,0.00019499268,0.00262593,0.000100896104,0.011151547],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9996977,0.000008122937,0.000014313772,0.00005579266,0.00020143953,0.0000227357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99983895,0.000019572633,0.000012575249,0.00002170882,0.00009934203,0.0000078180665],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000147223,0.00021865571,0.00029522608,0.0003064741,0.0004260819,0.00036082458,0.00031669406,0.00028658917,0.0035728237],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021172239,0.000111835296,0.00020146754,0.0003914351,0.00010567668,0.0002647876,0.00016968009,0.0002865862,0.00080212107],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000032373184,0.000020828631,0.0014971029,0.00010976425,0.0000051938514,0.00014524879,0.00009547895,0.0004654544,0.98161685,0.00020137183,0.0008231436,0.014987257],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008171473,0.00021965637,0.007940862,0.000013579235,0.0000137301995,0.00041266368,0.00013585409,0.004169087,0.97712165,0.0000925834,0.009856984,0.000015180722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002058438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036191863,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0035728237,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00034710678,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00035029012,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.011952281},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285567757","doi":"10.18280/psees.040105","title":"Dual Axis Solar Tracking System Using Arduino","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","field":"Energy","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Arduino; Solar tracker; Tracing; Solar micro-inverter; Solar energy; Servomotor; Solar cell; Software; Computer science; Solar power; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Power (physics); Embedded system; Maximum power point tracking; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Operating system; Voltage","score_opus":0.019266910463310853,"score_gpt":0.22431973725370466,"score_spread":0.2050528267903938,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285567757","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.068193115,0.0017616111,0.5934432,0.0006808912,0.0016892559,0.0030918447,0.0094684465,0.1946206,0.12705101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6892678,0.0014378675,0.15396413,0.0012480996,0.0004838648,0.0045612785,0.010097095,0.002920397,0.13601948],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.998946,0.000075701675,0.00009306218,0.0003944759,0.00041519446,0.00007563283],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99926275,0.00006798572,0.00007447442,0.000094568226,0.0004479561,0.000052175754],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004742395,0.0015516992,0.0011677631,0.0014806857,0.0006086456,0.0011553614,0.0016375576,0.0008284007,0.05785939],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0010598677,0.00039177746,0.00023985123,0.0010788918,0.00020645298,0.0007680993,0.00082732475,0.00064592867,0.021367572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002150089,0.00054306124,0.0054693623,0.0027596368,0.00013648321,0.0011049474,0.0010149804,0.00544825,0.31721938,0.0050194054,0.14266972,0.51646477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007090484,0.0026264233,0.020980857,0.00043438707,0.00028012856,0.004424374,0.00034330745,0.09596326,0.3637358,0.0034222922,0.5066134,0.00046674142],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000963284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00076549465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.05785939,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00031289252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040730124,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.19355893},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4297917745","doi":"10.18280/psees.010101","title":"Energy and exergy analysis of flat plate solar collector for three working fluids, under the same conditions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exergy; Working fluid; Exergy efficiency; Solar energy; Nanofluids in solar collectors; Renewable energy; Environmental science; Solar thermal collector; Materials science; Environmental engineering; Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector; Mechanical engineering; Process engineering; Engineering; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.021159080367848665,"score_gpt":0.23988190617393848,"score_spread":0.21872282580608982,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4297917745","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98477626,0.0018948587,0.0061492887,0.000077992736,0.000049090242,0.00006710961,0.0013340244,0.00007298927,0.005578325],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948131,0.0007612848,0.0015715754,0.000015688074,0.000007121098,0.000061674335,0.00064891047,0.000025685325,0.0020950402],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.99968314,0.00002171614,0.00002558611,0.000049555616,0.00018564113,0.000034332526],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997706,0.000074916905,0.000020514884,0.000020476418,0.00010250489,0.00001105638],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038937104,0.00053136935,0.0007878142,0.0012635124,0.00057534006,0.0007286602,0.0006202157,0.0007118274,0.0026329632],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00044082178,0.00023022559,0.0012510724,0.0013599285,0.00040555155,0.00080931623,0.00031535572,0.0005767299,0.00048943027],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0017811627,0.00032500084,0.02352016,0.0019235117,0.00027263744,0.0009410751,0.00056125876,0.080685526,0.83713704,0.0022752648,0.0012450799,0.049332354],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006584203,0.0009280997,0.0436413,0.0000712944,0.00014944069,0.00031483514,0.00083184085,0.09184385,0.85592794,0.0012885173,0.004847219,0.000089902234],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025725733,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029013199,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0026329632,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004956243,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00040649946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008808196},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389962043","doi":"10.18280/psees.060101","title":"Conception of a Salinity-Gradient Solar Pond in Beirut, Lebanon: Instrumentation, Control, Maintenance and Economic","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Solar pond; Instrumentation (computer programming); Salinity; Environmental science; Oceanography; Engineering; Geology; Solar energy; Computer science; Electrical engineering","score_opus":0.01001176841803164,"score_gpt":0.23527755843435896,"score_spread":0.22526579001632732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389962043","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.4905181,0.0039840797,0.13572294,0.013918928,0.0006884076,0.00043099647,0.0003801534,0.00019298273,0.35416338],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95852375,0.0010831647,0.015831983,0.0003414201,0.00006096606,0.00009205249,0.000071876,0.000016040229,0.02397868],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998191,0.00006121693,0.000007723243,0.00003027849,0.000040467436,0.000041215557],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999399,0.000008659779,0.000009270434,0.0000043207383,0.000021032018,0.000016766333],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000259117,0.00025820232,0.00011882206,0.00038339285,0.0017291986,0.0022805354,0.0004884185,0.000779509,0.0025258367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016090796,0.00009649949,0.00018019853,0.00031116948,0.0015665957,0.0009261809,0.0011531997,0.00049296924,0.00024990496],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00012975953,0.00013152143,0.015673444,0.00033173454,0.000019119281,0.0063620755,0.00880353,0.013202866,0.020174988,0.85123235,0.005111396,0.07882729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008796017,0.0006854146,0.034297522,0.0007445549,0.000080522346,0.005518073,0.051726464,0.06388864,0.023473583,0.21961623,0.5997123,0.00016872214],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0054078875,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0079322355,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0054078875,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002024761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002957609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014690697},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389962045","doi":"10.18280/psees.060103","title":"Theoretical and Experimental Analysis and Testing of Medium Length Electric Power Transmission Line","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Power Systems and Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Electric power transmission; Line (geometry); Transmission line; Power (physics); Materials science; Physics; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; Thermodynamics","score_opus":0.004563122630625322,"score_gpt":0.19682686137068847,"score_spread":0.19226373874006314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389962045","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.84436536,0.0003036804,0.1416469,0.00025162334,0.00007036369,0.000104914114,0.00017123584,0.00064422394,0.012441751],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912214,0.00008877246,0.0073516667,0.000010735133,0.000008557056,0.000023616381,0.00004397209,0.00002216775,0.0012290621],"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","domain_scores_codex":[0.999419,0.00012685027,0.000018869394,0.00009376376,0.00030400237,0.0000375451],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998454,0.0008701301,0.00016633622,0.00018712995,0.00027826548,0.000044171364],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005636162,0.00040118664,0.00019936419,0.00029525423,0.0002906135,0.00046439958,0.0012006464,0.0007349135,0.004205833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0018499221,0.00015444375,0.0003139078,0.00025328578,0.0007967641,0.0013041507,0.000346164,0.00050724886,0.00039473572],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009617267,0.00059968955,0.0048834994,0.00058386684,0.000052105286,0.00095320697,0.00069373805,0.12420372,0.81056917,0.020028558,0.000616909,0.0358539],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000155665,0.0041907337,0.0059722196,0.000068166155,0.000076245116,0.00066702924,0.0004489537,0.37653926,0.5975231,0.0045111724,0.009772661,0.00007485845],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00038412047,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002649841,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004205833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00042263555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00020171897,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014069855},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4389977998","doi":"10.18280/psees.060102","title":"Performance Analysis of Multi-Oriented Residential Rooftop PV System in Indonesia Towards Net Zero Emission by 2060","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems","topic":"Smart Grid Energy Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":true,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Zero emission; Zero-energy building; Net (polyhedron); Zero (linguistics); Environmental science; Architectural engineering; Geography; Engineering; Mathematics; Electrical engineering; Solar energy; Geometry","score_opus":0.005220395784046317,"score_gpt":0.1921009594684934,"score_spread":0.18688056368444708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4389977998","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9962773,0.00003378212,0.00081426284,0.000019302994,0.0000037521336,0.000012546787,0.00014368146,0.000059511247,0.0026357132],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991228,0.000023654757,0.0001968501,0.0000037793793,6.6295166e-7,0.000003884088,0.00009294286,0.000006483653,0.00054901175],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9998504,0.000025847954,0.000011174997,0.000031288673,0.00005525111,0.000025935093],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998814,0.000025076277,0.00001756811,0.000009926143,0.000052436684,0.000013682266],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00022822252,0.0002893357,0.00033852344,0.00023294364,0.00023594857,0.0005567266,0.00026794456,0.00023631238,0.0011760864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00022091219,0.000108425345,0.00031210034,0.00027835774,0.00016036758,0.0002298102,0.00021217144,0.00022347391,0.00038821506],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0026321977,0.00068645953,0.12969859,0.00049286726,0.00022461802,0.0022093444,0.0004684157,0.5461239,0.2548605,0.0009924894,0.0021175328,0.059493143],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009979805,0.002775712,0.2786073,0.000038875878,0.0002377821,0.00076323125,0.0008401343,0.5736072,0.14040415,0.0004327863,0.002131351,0.000061671366],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005363932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004954705,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005363932,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041855444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00018405938,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.010665417},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}