{"meta":{"query_hash":"56137c38f03e","filters":{"venue":"THEORIA An International Journal for Theory History and Foundations of Science"},"cohort_total":5,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":5,"exported":5,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/56137c38f03e","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=THEORIA+An+International+Journal+for+Theory+History+and+Foundations+of+Science"},"results":[{"id":"W1944898984","doi":"10.1387/theoria.12697","title":"Complex Underdetermination and the Units of Clinical Translation","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"THEORIA An International Journal for Theory History and Foundations of Science","topic":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Genome Alberta; McGill University; University of Pittsburgh","keywords":"Underdetermination; Ontology; Biomarker; Quality (philosophy); Epistemology; Translation (biology); Computer science; Data science; Cognitive science; Engineering ethics; Psychology; Philosophy; Philosophy of science; Biology; Engineering","score_opus":0.20168468295213735,"score_gpt":0.4302379736427979,"score_spread":0.22855329069066058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1944898984","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.020709014,0.016206505,0.21082889,0.6378218,0.0050524026,0.000663795,0.00038494248,0.0005299581,0.10780272],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.799878,0.0062085367,0.12908949,0.050903715,0.0052062944,0.0022096366,0.0003008862,0.000678943,0.00552451],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.71252054,0.22051683,0.018954728,0.019731436,0.023872139,0.0044043227],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.497865,0.38684136,0.016915431,0.07087857,0.02249732,0.005002286],"candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.2697447,0.0009996473,0.002589357,0.007924037,0.008582463,0.024395565,0.005221991,0.0098996945,0.0072928467],"category_scores_gemma":[0.3569403,0.0017363301,0.0018936034,0.0052293576,0.13967241,0.04319901,0.021949667,0.014019898,0.0017323534],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000058666286,0.000019443636,0.00071337994,0.00027362938,0.000047915142,0.0001036508,0.0073932414,0.00024185552,0.00013595125,0.9644933,0.005223768,0.021295281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003299733,0.000013538771,0.0003093473,0.00022664948,0.00001904241,0.000062347455,0.0013601634,0.00051557174,0.00017208463,0.979677,0.017587025,0.000024116738],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004817128,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0019318829,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9914175,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01353961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.018150434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9005348},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2117025342","doi":"10.1387/theoria.6918","title":"The Barcan Formula in Metaphysics","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"THEORIA An International Journal for Theory History and Foundations of Science","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Metaphysics; Philosophy; Modality (human–computer interaction); Epistemology; Schematic; Clearance; Modal; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.03239838229679271,"score_gpt":0.35282182992998323,"score_spread":0.32042344763319053,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2117025342","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.015000801,0.016599754,0.20471005,0.034355126,0.0020770694,0.000056733956,0.00061937084,0.0007121284,0.72586894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85950816,0.0055098003,0.052206352,0.009398932,0.0027265633,0.00022956962,0.00049433915,0.0003579972,0.069568306],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99863905,0.0005541217,0.000045940254,0.0002455282,0.00039764406,0.00011778607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991301,0.00044808182,0.000056553705,0.00012322814,0.00019935096,0.000042651132],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0018977735,0.0005406528,0.0005204726,0.0012292818,0.0023625316,0.0041381456,0.001153743,0.0024376984,0.011295666],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0036983534,0.00040165253,0.00052385556,0.0015631565,0.008973831,0.0072022323,0.0020969464,0.004740691,0.0018398812],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000024745843,9.786606e-7,0.000011216114,0.000008513572,9.067201e-7,0.000005077208,0.000058912345,0.00006335954,0.000023716882,0.9966973,0.0015892497,0.001538294],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000037330842,0.0000036905494,0.000048614336,0.000015923444,0.0000024818987,0.00001741339,0.000041038424,0.00062871445,0.000073612195,0.9805086,0.018651325,0.000004772721],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0065432373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0036070703,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011295666,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0034438155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013546486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.037787795},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995194683","doi":"10.1387/theoria.20040","title":"The philosopher’s paradox: How to make a coherent decision in the Newcomb Problem","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"THEORIA An International Journal for Theory History and Foundations of Science","topic":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Argument (complex analysis); Constraint (computer-aided design); Swing; Mathematical economics; Computer science; Epistemology; Psychology; Economics; Philosophy; Mathematics; Engineering","score_opus":0.11154307449697283,"score_gpt":0.4157746412767543,"score_spread":0.30423156677978147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2995194683","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20949559,0.002908976,0.29069307,0.20324078,0.0012375182,0.00023025452,0.00026439072,0.0002512102,0.29167828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9481818,0.0005395133,0.03682882,0.004343794,0.0002953863,0.00014084573,0.0000746217,0.00008730178,0.009508058],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99607533,0.0019702634,0.00019629311,0.00071845116,0.0007029319,0.00033672358],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99007493,0.006411507,0.000768266,0.0014276082,0.0006017085,0.00071603706],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00910595,0.00046699116,0.0010351903,0.00079600106,0.0030880913,0.00521318,0.0016362696,0.0056812563,0.009682463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.026096461,0.0004203191,0.0010831846,0.00081215805,0.012738896,0.016688459,0.0055777775,0.0070536123,0.00091951597],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000022394079,0.000021674081,0.00013882003,0.000024860785,0.0000110015535,0.00008342402,0.00030929083,0.000810718,0.000082905564,0.9929381,0.0021240509,0.0034327717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002499237,0.0000045928678,0.00006838875,0.00001114927,0.0000028867023,0.00002476576,0.00011008312,0.001780867,0.000053509608,0.99520713,0.0027057768,0.000005777957],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022463826,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001617864,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009682463,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0017498628,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0020360132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.048157454},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387979025","doi":"10.1387/theoria.24471","title":"Every view is a view from somewhere: Pragmatist laws and possibility","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"THEORIA An International Journal for Theory History and Foundations of Science","topic":"Pragmatism in Philosophy and Education","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Pragmatism; Metaphysics; Epistemology; Modality (human–computer interaction); Philosophy; Modal; Situated; Character (mathematics); Content (measure theory); Law; Sociology; Mathematics; Computer science; Political science; Artificial intelligence","score_opus":0.06318531831958794,"score_gpt":0.33185142455952,"score_spread":0.26866610623993203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387979025","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13378187,0.007715855,0.18820518,0.080494046,0.0004974267,0.000060786686,0.00012453031,0.0002913668,0.588829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9812929,0.0006029358,0.009884729,0.0011732607,0.00016769354,0.000045542612,0.00002196539,0.000048644546,0.0067622145],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9971691,0.0016557184,0.00006731358,0.00040764277,0.0004876761,0.00021258576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99701995,0.0018935319,0.0002425265,0.00048126798,0.00019794173,0.00016479578],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027614816,0.0002627351,0.00038426626,0.0010385029,0.0039658514,0.005474186,0.0008916071,0.0024292285,0.0028022032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0054184133,0.00031959734,0.0005674195,0.00076174637,0.03405977,0.010308081,0.004884017,0.0040782522,0.00044007043],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043963328,0.000002755235,0.00006805606,0.000006964794,0.0000013288613,0.000035572502,0.0029359115,0.00008623415,0.00005470362,0.995037,0.00034826994,0.001418783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000039227048,0.000004713013,0.0000934325,0.000017873259,0.0000016386704,0.00003690254,0.00090256846,0.00023405722,0.000067722016,0.9909011,0.0077321283,0.000003942274],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0026150753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029652906,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005474186,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0030705477,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0015734843,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.022278488},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4394771911","doi":"10.1387/theoria.24823","title":"Wright’s path analysis: Causal inference in the early twentieth century","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"THEORIA An International Journal for Theory History and Foundations of Science","topic":"Philosophy and History of Science","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Causation; Causal inference; Wright; Epistemology; Inference; Milestone; Path analysis (statistics); Causal analysis; Statistical inference; Context (archaeology); Causal model; Formalism (music); Sociology; History; Computer science; Philosophy; Econometrics; Mathematics; Statistics; Literature","score_opus":0.049655572982616615,"score_gpt":0.3133671272896557,"score_spread":0.2637115543070391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4394771911","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.01268471,0.054249853,0.8008713,0.0680629,0.0024410393,0.000117858035,0.00035076088,0.00020183688,0.0610198],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5246078,0.064210065,0.3757088,0.010089537,0.0033310147,0.0006238363,0.00027698677,0.00030557797,0.020846305],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99131155,0.006454374,0.00024882142,0.0008777328,0.00090568484,0.0002018079],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.96869755,0.02781546,0.0010121047,0.0010280726,0.0011637184,0.00028304558],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.019492231,0.00083371555,0.0007644333,0.00378665,0.0023672981,0.004493595,0.0013139145,0.002957041,0.004072514],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04588798,0.00080315507,0.00085845107,0.0039270814,0.019590396,0.011410682,0.0031885006,0.005948271,0.00058252766],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009765373,0.0000043411424,0.0002793491,0.00005681083,0.000012357121,0.000054119755,0.0009012436,0.0013247278,0.0000221193,0.98390424,0.0015601019,0.011870832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006408853,0.0000075018456,0.00021147846,0.00014461477,0.0000080031405,0.00004922504,0.00017433958,0.0018415583,0.000073672614,0.9692742,0.028195469,0.000013480755],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007168233,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005759092,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9976327,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0054577547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004542249,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.103085935},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}