{"meta":{"query_hash":"225103db24bf","filters":{"venue":"The Journal of Ethics"},"cohort_total":16,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":16,"exported":16,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/225103db24bf","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=The+Journal+of+Ethics"},"results":[{"id":"W142068845","doi":"10.1023/a:1024667228488","title":"The Role of a Merit Principle in Distributive Justice","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction","field":"Psychology","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Misattribution of memory; Distributive justice; Entitlement (fair division); Law and economics; Attribution; Social psychology; Economic Justice; Sociology; Positive economics; Psychology; Law; Political science; Economics; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.04936719167654473,"score_gpt":0.3981782951551363,"score_spread":0.34881110347859157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W142068845","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.12952015,0.003602368,0.1696845,0.08799718,0.0012126669,0.0001911815,0.00014664701,0.000087055174,0.60755837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9775655,0.0003347598,0.010749318,0.0022265194,0.0006839325,0.00011356883,0.000014940383,0.000058165926,0.008253402],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9863833,0.0071782665,0.00046873264,0.0016917809,0.0027833905,0.0014945342],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.95733875,0.030475955,0.002072322,0.004465449,0.0035721583,0.0020753162],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.020310577,0.0003727418,0.0014095622,0.0010693341,0.0049264403,0.008499316,0.0016762799,0.0066621997,0.008484076],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04221243,0.0005131111,0.0009453456,0.001136923,0.03169368,0.011784938,0.003501894,0.007125874,0.0005625327],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000017081347,0.000015656215,0.00020126736,0.000013832052,0.000007637743,0.00001990978,0.00027680653,0.0001896046,0.00005010414,0.9966462,0.00052496546,0.0020368064],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015573907,0.000007918603,0.00024993793,0.000011259231,0.0000043549594,0.000020262403,0.00008167213,0.00042320503,0.000030322904,0.9967269,0.0024238876,0.0000045844527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0023302487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030307279,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.020310577,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0044623367,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005084066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.10741389},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1996298994","doi":"10.1007/s10892-010-9075-x","title":"Intrinsic Value, Alternative Possibilities, and Reason","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Obligation; Intrinsic value (animal ethics); Epistemology; Value (mathematics); Moral obligation; Determinism; Philosophy; Law; Political science; Environmental ethics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.062461632994621964,"score_gpt":0.3196489062536348,"score_spread":0.2571872732590128,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1996298994","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.13333367,0.011184091,0.10021385,0.05463983,0.00048514732,0.000065667875,0.0001543589,0.00006383527,0.69985956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9884546,0.00092123845,0.005276978,0.0006676271,0.00015933192,0.000048877144,0.000029634773,0.000018249031,0.004423507],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9927003,0.0043395325,0.00024077644,0.00073545583,0.0013761477,0.00060775346],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9868227,0.009043459,0.00093670515,0.001767921,0.000842262,0.00058686535],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009305805,0.0005725559,0.0008002067,0.0018005968,0.0033355306,0.009516753,0.0013439903,0.0050920337,0.0058084605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.014512798,0.00041737844,0.0009488541,0.0012162582,0.0405429,0.012806677,0.0033582218,0.0043975418,0.00048434373],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009093747,0.0000069303746,0.00016017426,0.00001164692,0.0000054252746,0.000016754331,0.00045934544,0.00010812154,0.00002174649,0.9976131,0.0002574032,0.0013302874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000048229263,0.000003119036,0.00008760414,0.0000114642025,0.0000023140035,0.000027121083,0.0001891147,0.00015765287,0.000021776117,0.9980323,0.0014594976,0.0000032682074],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014152061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00160473,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009516753,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0033297595,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0021147965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.049214363},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068948318","doi":"10.1007/s10892-004-4896-0","title":"Is World Poverty a Moral Problem for the Wealthy?","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Poverty; Development economics; Political science; Sociology; Economics; Economic growth","score_opus":0.1748498542499844,"score_gpt":0.41623235655280855,"score_spread":0.24138250230282415,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2068948318","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0767569,0.006750322,0.009381216,0.63207316,0.0014741583,0.00002395142,0.00007797465,0.000022865504,0.2734395],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9536886,0.0042066933,0.0019052943,0.026995556,0.0015260092,0.000057801666,0.000024895111,0.00003427612,0.01156077],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99530643,0.002867573,0.00009382282,0.00023019577,0.000627257,0.00087464787],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908212,0.005155475,0.0009480027,0.0005432895,0.0009967086,0.0015354663],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0069678137,0.00035246985,0.00073376653,0.0008948023,0.0063012852,0.007610938,0.00093606027,0.005204561,0.005595865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016780784,0.00020926465,0.00033266802,0.0011053771,0.03399905,0.008288854,0.0044961446,0.007444461,0.00049135124],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000015321839,0.000034681427,0.0013170037,0.000025560556,0.000012455189,0.00007964204,0.003381725,0.000108364315,0.000049778817,0.97998315,0.00851545,0.006476721],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008516561,0.000011414191,0.0009643753,0.00007007955,0.000007582274,0.00008085638,0.007532149,0.0001970279,0.000053151107,0.95794713,0.03311763,0.000010077042],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0029590295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0032930921,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.007610938,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020784985,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0040781107,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.036849737},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2558417960","doi":"10.1007/s10892-016-9242-9","title":"The Obligation Dilemma","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"book","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Determinism; Indeterminism; Dilemma; Free will; Principle of sufficient reason; Obligation; Libertarianism; Law and economics; Epistemology; Philosophy; Economics; Law; Political science","score_opus":0.11051488931322621,"score_gpt":0.3169434869932427,"score_spread":0.20642859768001648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2558417960","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0021727215,0.010981576,0.009354434,0.03278699,0.0017004744,0.000026244492,0.000034920628,0.000050302828,0.94289225],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.32937697,0.01982705,0.00763978,0.025951698,0.0038736076,0.00025556158,0.00014678256,0.00021265482,0.6127159],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99851996,0.0006683971,0.00004042295,0.00016770803,0.00047474308,0.00012873908],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987984,0.0007632744,0.000056938683,0.00009853259,0.00017819653,0.000104701605],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015202666,0.00043409618,0.00039899664,0.00052964274,0.002490432,0.005191488,0.0009089278,0.003165538,0.011578711],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0033441337,0.00023145236,0.0003496922,0.00037959547,0.01068266,0.007163304,0.0028277806,0.005645575,0.0023888838],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030442263,0.0000044357657,0.0000149319385,0.000016421187,8.7160674e-7,0.00003171936,0.00037559823,0.00009375075,0.0000344335,0.9729591,0.021978652,0.0044872016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000045610814,0.0000074614663,0.00004401747,0.00016249782,0.000001738058,0.00013697278,0.0003412611,0.00032834694,0.000087503795,0.6904189,0.3084605,0.000006284065],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014648876,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014692491,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011578711,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003751794,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022217385,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.038734615},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2800657607","doi":"10.1007/s10892-018-9267-3","title":"Ability, Frankfurt Examples, and Obligation","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Obligation; Political philosophy; Law and economics; Moral obligation; Philosophy; Political science; Environmental ethics; Sociology; Epistemology; Law; Politics","score_opus":0.15386296862150267,"score_gpt":0.3443190495224581,"score_spread":0.19045608090095545,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2800657607","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.11204053,0.0037725808,0.01038518,0.03036126,0.000255596,0.000018132241,0.00005022651,0.00003299673,0.84308344],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9873848,0.00041246388,0.0012202791,0.0010344377,0.000056903755,0.000019666613,0.000017792163,0.000013943297,0.009839874],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9962921,0.0021404712,0.00017553903,0.00037387753,0.00053446676,0.00048354725],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99323505,0.0043830667,0.00069635455,0.00079281325,0.000505891,0.00038679037],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0042976225,0.00029599943,0.00034339656,0.0012210831,0.005076286,0.0060585444,0.00078484847,0.004046455,0.012196546],"category_scores_gemma":[0.015642283,0.00018264854,0.0002875348,0.00072373764,0.020581134,0.011128398,0.004734789,0.003160889,0.0006605274],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000090149915,0.000008052245,0.00023578091,0.000010607051,0.000001860196,0.000044819568,0.0027058998,0.000038870905,0.00003081638,0.9934767,0.0010727373,0.0023648627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009727644,0.0000088807865,0.0007655264,0.00007527663,0.000005888658,0.00017227638,0.004001987,0.00017099001,0.00012312425,0.9695217,0.02513149,0.000013039825],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025703325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0037279676,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.012196546,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0016723952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001322572,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.040801466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2803099808","doi":"10.1007/s10892-018-9268-2","title":"Indeterministic Choice and Ability","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Epistemology; Positive economics; Psychology; Environmental ethics; Social psychology; Economics; Philosophy","score_opus":0.14896092112486536,"score_gpt":0.37184909980218495,"score_spread":0.22288817867731958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2803099808","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.24037264,0.0021736163,0.124541245,0.019001087,0.00028351732,0.00007868053,0.00023453227,0.00009638751,0.61321837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861624,0.00021423626,0.0033971777,0.00033446908,0.00006818352,0.00004552466,0.00003195432,0.000024833513,0.009721287],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9951761,0.002209574,0.00026957708,0.0009816706,0.0007604652,0.00060268753],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9861049,0.009744183,0.0007551831,0.001996034,0.00074915617,0.0006506138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00513719,0.00050753524,0.0007857924,0.0011976149,0.0026671458,0.00756541,0.000994216,0.0027523702,0.010072156],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01881563,0.0004569268,0.0008834629,0.0010689008,0.020929314,0.011618665,0.004238632,0.0037430034,0.0007572158],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000068062677,0.0000056650083,0.0001688897,0.0000050206327,0.0000041336193,0.00002000172,0.0002598123,0.00022873518,0.00002533772,0.9982957,0.00013580754,0.0008440524],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000035949329,0.0000018666245,0.00008457066,0.000003307682,0.0000022895786,0.000017305216,0.00007338285,0.0003266747,0.000022415363,0.9985428,0.0009188313,0.0000029561807],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002201753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0014007377,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010072156,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0021342684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016168093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.033694685},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046981183","doi":"10.1007/s10892-020-09339-x","title":"Utilitarianism for the Error Theorist","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Ethics in medical practice","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Utilitarianism; Moral psychology; Moral disengagement; Social cognitive theory of morality; Epistemology; Moral reasoning; Aside; Set (abstract data type); Moral philosophy; Moral authority; Moral development; Normative ethics; Psychology; Social psychology; Sociology; Philosophy; Computer science","score_opus":0.41660103988271946,"score_gpt":0.5793570869917951,"score_spread":0.16275604710907565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3046981183","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.02120076,0.009752385,0.2658243,0.3867072,0.0048832316,0.00014504608,0.00016674535,0.00017388648,0.31114644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8653428,0.0024018036,0.051293895,0.0322184,0.0057243514,0.0005275433,0.00007023735,0.0003219206,0.04209901],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9630913,0.025238205,0.0014568901,0.003017998,0.005842401,0.0013531985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8641205,0.111120425,0.0029808143,0.010972964,0.009171814,0.001633431],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.043222096,0.000991393,0.0013453183,0.003090563,0.00504748,0.011723858,0.0032831295,0.010726441,0.0065617906],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08244135,0.00074193,0.0013812594,0.0017372955,0.07152847,0.017489102,0.0061366726,0.015903817,0.001252168],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009124458,0.000006449332,0.000079525424,0.000018670127,0.0000055461305,0.000016213975,0.0006376372,0.00015048761,0.000013049931,0.9964837,0.0015540113,0.001025617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000013352844,0.0000057820926,0.000029635597,0.00003806745,0.000004114964,0.000022541059,0.00017995077,0.0004655188,0.000042098993,0.9927314,0.006461246,0.000006327753],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022599022,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0013730832,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.043222096,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005528397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005084582,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.22858304},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4241581630","doi":"10.1023/a:1015823716891","title":"Collective Responsibility","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Nothing; Virtue; Order (exchange); Law and economics; Moral responsibility; Social psychology; Psychology; Sociology; Epistemology; Law; Political science; Philosophy; Business","score_opus":0.26137485680682826,"score_gpt":0.3316648048393938,"score_spread":0.07028994803256555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4241581630","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.005027382,0.003215437,0.03308618,0.03042088,0.0011149715,0.000096495714,0.00010725106,0.00012876229,0.9268027],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5366352,0.0028971415,0.014978638,0.009160066,0.0013951272,0.00033252386,0.00022959348,0.00020147851,0.43417022],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99576217,0.0016973969,0.00017666191,0.000873376,0.0011290323,0.00036148142],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99545884,0.0014076028,0.00030257582,0.0012226854,0.0011249708,0.00048327967],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004926707,0.0005948078,0.000566061,0.0012361312,0.0043384377,0.008421864,0.0012103503,0.004544966,0.032968648],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009392692,0.0003686726,0.0005866575,0.0009135968,0.009937924,0.005621625,0.0033873757,0.004250351,0.005460383],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000055383175,0.00001441776,0.00015452776,0.000020477039,0.0000058499477,0.00001808092,0.00074403227,0.00014001378,0.000056691122,0.97913617,0.012436979,0.0072671743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000010360168,0.000015655474,0.0004137312,0.0001276952,0.000009618805,0.00007090038,0.0007294139,0.00038844184,0.00018934628,0.7186104,0.27942234,0.000012051322],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0036523321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004247635,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.032968648,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0039821337,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0059176604,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.110291064},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4307101497","doi":"10.1007/s10892-022-09406-5","title":"Freedom, Equality, and Justifiability to All: Reinterpreting Liberal Legitimacy","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Uppsala Universitet; Vetenskapsrådet","keywords":"Legitimacy; Externalism; Internalism and externalism; Contractualism; Epistemology; Reinterpretation; Interpretation (philosophy); Political philosophy; Law and economics; Power (physics); Politics; Sociology; Law; Philosophy; Political science","score_opus":0.17133025075568728,"score_gpt":0.43602611158136045,"score_spread":0.2646958608256732,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4307101497","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.07964035,0.0018319557,0.087542616,0.05475597,0.00086197833,0.00005876206,0.00008134787,0.00015407256,0.775073],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872342,0.00029536957,0.0045582834,0.0013573562,0.0003207665,0.000050553313,0.000021063168,0.0000523578,0.0061099934],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99052256,0.005700343,0.0002525962,0.0008601832,0.0017920698,0.00087217614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.987115,0.00846078,0.0007425702,0.0019929833,0.0011557228,0.0005330105],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008401862,0.00056615134,0.00085336197,0.0035570257,0.0043163393,0.010424976,0.0014090422,0.0049089473,0.005499575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016433472,0.00035557162,0.00066310016,0.0018160613,0.06514198,0.01197498,0.010788622,0.0078196945,0.0006032104],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000019201293,0.0000024978474,0.000031766896,0.0000036362114,9.150921e-7,0.000019270465,0.00048314652,0.00007956739,0.000016035181,0.99879575,0.00016487642,0.00040061722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003900726,0.0000020831387,0.000037997717,0.00001624311,0.0000019039304,0.0000129077325,0.00018977164,0.00026031863,0.00003194938,0.9961278,0.0033118092,0.000003276434],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003278731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0029002798,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.010424976,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006850217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003060459,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04970199},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4324354726","doi":"10.1007/s10892-023-09430-z","title":"Structural Injustice and Ethical Consumption","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Injustice; Ignorance; Consumption (sociology); Blame; Action (physics); Environmental ethics; Rationality; Sociology; Political science; Social psychology; Psychology; Philosophy; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.3879355245142872,"score_gpt":0.411702397200862,"score_spread":0.02376687268657479,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4324354726","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8409944,0.0007240313,0.00449243,0.011204118,0.00004628467,0.000017172757,0.000012276082,0.000008382041,0.14250086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99859494,0.00009739509,0.00022328342,0.00019827086,0.000010272026,0.0000035965475,0.0000034520235,0.0000031593706,0.0008657155],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99833363,0.0009048915,0.00005359965,0.00012169145,0.0003847815,0.00020149951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.98684514,0.007720716,0.0023356457,0.0011946936,0.0010290577,0.00087483204],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0027327428,0.00013766185,0.00018284665,0.00064710283,0.0017823796,0.003321703,0.00045465666,0.0018951055,0.0042670346],"category_scores_gemma":[0.016170887,0.00019602856,0.00013976995,0.00064181694,0.010672456,0.0023015442,0.0015728358,0.0027874399,0.0001428693],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002288777,0.00063542294,0.0313888,0.0000654488,0.000041813117,0.0007063774,0.024155583,0.0008384908,0.0011367121,0.9166289,0.0014931493,0.022680484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000058964764,0.00007124511,0.046558242,0.00004241669,0.000022739578,0.00091794063,0.014371686,0.0017866697,0.00067232625,0.9288599,0.0066141593,0.000023682725],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017206782,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002812804,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0042670346,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014042873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0016089451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.014452279},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392810348","doi":"10.1007/s10892-024-09472-x","title":"Answering for Negligence: A Unified Account of Moral and Criminal Responsibility","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Free Will and Agency","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Criminal responsibility; Moral responsibility; Compatibilism; Law and economics; Philosophy; Law; Criminal law; Psychology; Epistemology; Sociology; Political science","score_opus":0.1987925465374953,"score_gpt":0.3891141154080101,"score_spread":0.1903215688705148,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392810348","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.024834389,0.0041179983,0.32333347,0.11021373,0.000987007,0.0002229681,0.0004228129,0.00022541422,0.53564227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92389965,0.0011892277,0.053278904,0.005110904,0.00089124276,0.0003263857,0.00018612642,0.00016219642,0.01495533],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9890358,0.0052386033,0.00064616225,0.0011499517,0.0024706607,0.0014589028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9867596,0.0075277393,0.0010623111,0.0021126256,0.0017508552,0.0007868869],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.011872382,0.001016443,0.001780977,0.0035456864,0.0054680402,0.014225368,0.0044886786,0.014841238,0.012074773],"category_scores_gemma":[0.019882977,0.001095259,0.0023068993,0.002364507,0.037046507,0.030199533,0.0057042846,0.009044437,0.001326767],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000039727747,0.0000047380354,0.000053586242,0.0000073196607,0.0000040053887,0.000020254165,0.0003450481,0.0002458431,0.000014090875,0.9978555,0.0005863938,0.00085927115],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000051154107,0.0000029266002,0.000069639056,0.000012566911,0.00000494093,0.000023175779,0.00013271348,0.0010238192,0.000020758058,0.9960706,0.0026271646,0.000006464562],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0118979905,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008623163,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.014841238,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0068749916,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.009404887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06278789},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400915400","doi":"10.1007/s10892-024-09487-4","title":"Why Sentience Should be the Only Basis of Moral Status","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Political Philosophy and Ethics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Economic and Social Research Council","keywords":"Sentience; Environmental ethics; Psychology; Epistemology; Sociology; Social psychology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.27149048899654527,"score_gpt":0.4373965326137311,"score_spread":0.16590604361718586,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400915400","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.08085123,0.0044563645,0.029863587,0.44910386,0.0053979456,0.00008274064,0.0002267419,0.00015862456,0.42985892],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9684363,0.0005295296,0.0037653965,0.014210783,0.0012426714,0.000076194425,0.000045681423,0.00012643612,0.011566922],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9934141,0.0027224515,0.00027350415,0.0011814461,0.0014690844,0.000939445],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9870064,0.0049635894,0.0011371942,0.0019916361,0.0030113289,0.0018898433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009808742,0.00033717806,0.000996744,0.0012426949,0.0042376798,0.006530396,0.001344836,0.008853542,0.0080717895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02799528,0.0004893699,0.00061846315,0.0005855949,0.049512465,0.016178392,0.0035578336,0.009505465,0.002368261],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000027597289,0.000015378775,0.0003561359,0.000044520595,0.000014028799,0.00006357291,0.0011901815,0.000059582126,0.00019975936,0.9899961,0.004902948,0.0031302262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000015039182,0.000009196977,0.00036420274,0.000037796275,0.00000670987,0.00007175873,0.00045753416,0.000115775125,0.00012624594,0.9880642,0.010718636,0.000012825939],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014756458,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001228855,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009808742,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0022885578,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0030733354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05187422},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4406400636","doi":"10.1007/s10892-024-09506-4","title":"Tusian Perfectionism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Perfectionism (psychology); Psychology; Psychoanalysis; Social psychology; Sociology; Psychotherapist; Philosophy","score_opus":0.07609038762312755,"score_gpt":0.31918329603523465,"score_spread":0.24309290841210712,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4406400636","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.2178627,0.00073951494,0.0053845365,0.010495191,0.00024336678,0.000039915645,0.000045370758,0.00006974516,0.76511973],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786349,0.0001245445,0.00044821145,0.00035894517,0.00002257257,0.0000105716335,0.00001539292,0.000015163932,0.020369742],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99780864,0.00080907973,0.00007003607,0.00021341033,0.00071085506,0.00038804355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944629,0.0018454145,0.0007605358,0.0011543012,0.00090739585,0.0008694666],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023159445,0.00025753552,0.00028648018,0.00126064,0.002978446,0.004569429,0.00058518903,0.0011588837,0.011958134],"category_scores_gemma":[0.011933719,0.0002253624,0.00028416878,0.0007670654,0.009545617,0.0030302973,0.003519386,0.002591179,0.0009785892],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003356233,0.000040866922,0.0048925276,0.000028827193,0.000013001206,0.00032665365,0.010275727,0.00014815063,0.0001912358,0.95961356,0.005112974,0.01932298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000036637,0.000060390954,0.010885348,0.00013237048,0.000022967204,0.001443625,0.013787895,0.00082904205,0.00059931993,0.90091676,0.071261615,0.000024058614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0017743609,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0022356159,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.011958134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002041992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0022984159,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.040003896},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407946188","doi":"10.1007/s10892-025-09512-0","title":"The Moral Worth of Mixed Actions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Moral philosophy; Epistemology; Political philosophy; Environmental ethics; Philosophy; Political science; Politics; Law","score_opus":0.18644264202956898,"score_gpt":0.3461628066321411,"score_spread":0.15972016460257213,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407946188","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.17840667,0.0040978035,0.063744225,0.024014056,0.00063749705,0.00007779127,0.00017217174,0.000050284627,0.7287994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98634493,0.0003310226,0.0032395099,0.00041232785,0.00022827198,0.000048660906,0.00003071371,0.00002394606,0.009340635],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9913061,0.0054945126,0.0003769379,0.0007401326,0.001519085,0.0005631654],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.97122306,0.019772029,0.0021698063,0.0031555328,0.0022400545,0.0014394993],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0101035405,0.00055917504,0.0008013364,0.0022883639,0.003544076,0.009209766,0.0012509772,0.0045524063,0.0108089615],"category_scores_gemma":[0.035125867,0.00059497706,0.0006261942,0.0014678151,0.019058572,0.0153002255,0.0032453989,0.004201891,0.0004923027],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003929653,0.000016537746,0.00042555825,0.000015127323,0.000012366039,0.000049505503,0.0005598706,0.00026744534,0.000027565604,0.9947066,0.0005071218,0.0033732047],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000075516373,0.00000784505,0.0001820738,0.000021021247,0.0000072179478,0.000052876705,0.0004011226,0.0007365903,0.00003308116,0.99645567,0.0020919496,0.000003156658],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009272202,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0010939274,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0108089615,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0027084346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014975436,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05343324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408447119","doi":"10.1007/s10892-025-09513-z","title":"Aquinas on the Enumeration of the Virtues","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Medieval Philosophy and Theology","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Stockholms Universitet","keywords":"Enumeration; Philosophy; Epistemology; Mathematics; Combinatorics","score_opus":0.09614970030551664,"score_gpt":0.29663284771658543,"score_spread":0.2004831474110688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408447119","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.04484571,0.007273389,0.09059971,0.05816346,0.0008182687,0.00005202321,0.00014636971,0.00013593143,0.79796517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95633173,0.0010788635,0.020310326,0.0026480665,0.00028797443,0.00011558399,0.000052121042,0.00007085048,0.019104455],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9935555,0.0042137196,0.00024313488,0.0006205432,0.0010239964,0.0003429834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944699,0.003385267,0.00035556348,0.00071037386,0.0007796412,0.00029932224],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005038312,0.0004448873,0.00075407577,0.0017723814,0.0039003321,0.0051943036,0.00066536554,0.0021653848,0.0051263594],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0076126605,0.0003236166,0.00079749484,0.0010304679,0.03375232,0.007961464,0.0044263774,0.0044293706,0.00065228203],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000020953653,0.0000014220458,0.000021452941,0.000004323196,5.4423685e-7,0.0000047724575,0.0002479749,0.000041220235,0.000016944216,0.9986041,0.00041577657,0.00063947315],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000018127653,0.0000025282068,0.000032091764,0.000020866084,7.9273565e-7,0.000012806716,0.00012261292,0.0001459706,0.000029542924,0.99015754,0.009471188,0.0000022956272],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0019982604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018610186,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051943036,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004018098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0025079814,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.029153466},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410079640","doi":"10.1007/s10892-025-09520-0","title":"Neither Direct, Nor Indirect: Understanding Proxy-Based Algorithmic Discrimination","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Ethics","topic":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council; Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond","keywords":"Proxy (statistics); Political philosophy; Computer science; Psychology; Law and economics; Political science; Economics; Law; Politics; Machine learning","score_opus":0.14999739295659656,"score_gpt":0.35458831132407703,"score_spread":0.20459091836748047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410079640","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.20564257,0.00060109224,0.55718887,0.007074885,0.0002720223,0.000085759886,0.00013176983,0.0002483961,0.2287547],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96577716,0.00011603845,0.030756703,0.00032261162,0.000040985982,0.000037484988,0.000057014924,0.00010987861,0.0027820836],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99471855,0.0023483864,0.00032451798,0.0010566631,0.001109561,0.0004423172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9845843,0.007880035,0.0018617662,0.0037145007,0.0013829918,0.00057642005],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005725567,0.00046743275,0.0005539979,0.0010516319,0.0011083464,0.009799933,0.0015570408,0.003717224,0.009683203],"category_scores_gemma":[0.044371013,0.0005845649,0.00064612355,0.00067281176,0.010347974,0.021655211,0.0043226187,0.0036362975,0.0009960433],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004980676,0.000025171465,0.0019688637,0.00006011883,0.000015928033,0.00006193765,0.0024643817,0.001380434,0.0011793365,0.97926986,0.000373373,0.013150649],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000012981003,0.000025501153,0.0012423969,0.000054820353,0.00001555059,0.00012880703,0.00092081405,0.0100277625,0.0008703106,0.983955,0.0027220978,0.00002404717],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0011275327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009546198,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009799933,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0012033312,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0012020579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.032393515},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}