{"meta":{"query_hash":"44fc336ccb9c","filters":{"venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance"},"cohort_total":59,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":59,"exported":59,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/44fc336ccb9c","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=The+North+American+Journal+of+Economics+and+Finance"},"results":[{"id":"W1108811219","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2015.07.002","title":"Explicit approximate analytic formulas for timer option pricing with stochastic interest rates","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monte Carlo method; Mathematical optimization; Interest rate; Timer; Valuation (finance); Applied mathematics; Computer science; Valuation of options; Mathematics; Econometrics; Economics; Finance; Statistics","score_opus":0.04323050579831266,"score_gpt":0.23516571937123087,"score_spread":0.1919352135729182,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1108811219","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.52774364,0.0004984692,0.4709438,0.0004911355,0.000059749364,0.00016477237,0.0000387343,0.0000031387974,0.00005656141],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99280316,0.00034004217,0.0064461976,0.00015462487,0.0001553388,0.000040876545,0.0000041864855,0.00002234842,0.00003321838],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989285,0.0000029425728,0.00060615625,0.00021418664,0.000017451744,0.0002307696],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982332,0.00009288236,0.0012745009,0.00019067115,0.00012808587,0.00008068039],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00038890576,0.00015241478,0.00048461527,0.000120046774,0.00012430771,0.00006965513,0.00025039524,0.000021846681,8.531285e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000067237685,0.00011914493,0.000073744144,0.00022778378,0.00015929766,0.00022023596,0.000035353518,0.00012630623,0.000007545932],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00055719016,0.00009326092,0.003040664,0.000021351663,0.000132223,0.0000011497652,0.0010553037,0.034027502,0.0000014382198,0.9386916,0.00006468521,0.022313623],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004122091,0.0047256453,0.022382963,0.00012235189,0.00017084874,0.00029465035,0.001500998,0.43983763,0.000038852562,0.5105197,0.015150573,0.0011337282],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000048856236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007718417,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.46505952,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000066463224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006980401,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4858589},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1881026161","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.100989","title":"Nonlinear exchange rate pass-through in timber products: The case of oriented strand board in Canada and the United States","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Exchange-rate pass-through; Exchange rate; Oriented strand board; Economics; Product (mathematics); Econometrics; Monetary economics; Structural engineering; Engineering; Mathematics","score_opus":0.020009622715479295,"score_gpt":0.1944961896431005,"score_spread":0.1744865669276212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1881026161","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9941057,0.0013935121,0.0000078023595,0.003815203,0.00014902164,0.00023777649,0.0001996314,6.529776e-7,0.00009072446],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.97999924,0.018947387,0.00011349087,0.0008156104,0.000052912095,0.000003996875,0.0000047556928,0.000012300132,0.00005032035],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99857426,0.00006948545,0.00089158595,0.00019046688,0.000012164413,0.00026204519],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982273,0.00029740768,0.0011389632,0.0002818079,0.000021190099,0.000033325512],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001032411,0.00015141103,0.000620997,0.000089688045,0.000060485134,0.0000293454,0.000212978,0.000018417899,0.000014614379],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047089645,0.000095988704,0.000046164518,0.00027390735,0.00036119216,0.0001799397,0.000046918452,0.0002728813,0.0000024672465],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0016167443,0.00008654302,0.73686504,0.00007201281,0.00023462794,0.00008672893,0.011171779,0.23581448,4.3969854e-7,0.008201298,0.00037830192,0.005471983],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008985871,0.0007250591,0.5409994,0.00007906182,0.00004401768,0.00069411873,0.0056085843,0.36073667,0.00001975483,0.0071797934,0.074229054,0.0006986268],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7146768,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.63918054,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.19586568,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010862176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011446505,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39143056},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1967638090","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(02)00116-x","title":"The impact of free trade with the United States on the pattern of Canadian consumer spending and savings","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Almost ideal demand system; Consumption (sociology); Economics; International economics; Goods and services; Consumer spending; International trade; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Economy; Demand management","score_opus":0.014198893903118622,"score_gpt":0.17941417158950246,"score_spread":0.16521527768638383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967638090","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.992594,0.0017472727,0.000009215968,0.004430932,0.000055236695,0.00013288565,0.00017993739,8.181055e-7,0.00084968796],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9789889,0.020638255,0.00002749733,0.00028338147,0.000022868984,0.0000025574773,0.0000019722736,0.000012921571,0.000021663775],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989941,0.000042177788,0.0005555083,0.00014123715,0.000017403998,0.00024955452],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99757624,0.00053382467,0.0014654186,0.00032820817,0.00003290241,0.000063397],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085574907,0.00016453608,0.00041752582,0.00016075079,0.0002619855,0.000074577656,0.00045178705,0.000023322233,0.000007172416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005230458,0.00007391556,0.000111839916,0.00026608774,0.0006521814,0.00009352925,0.000027343116,0.00025239424,0.0000011003699],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047471572,0.000115594965,0.78769755,0.00001936119,0.0016894077,0.000005981134,0.0062492415,0.0133845,0.000007039005,0.16358098,0.0063094487,0.020466173],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00093982683,0.001526249,0.92558986,0.000044288863,0.000051544663,0.00011566394,0.0024808322,0.0008497021,0.000064590495,0.006530914,0.06146594,0.00034058618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.015023745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02133232,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.15705007,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004983467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006439709,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9965258},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1968873077","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2014.12.004","title":"International long-term yields and monetary policy in a small open economy: The case of Canada","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Interest rate; Monetary policy; Globalization; Small open economy; Monetary economics; Vector autoregression; Inflation targeting; International Fisher effect; Inflation (cosmology); Nominal interest rate; Real interest rate; Financial integration; Open economy; Yield curve; Macroeconomics; International economics; Financial market; Exchange rate; Market economy; Finance","score_opus":0.029600804967294544,"score_gpt":0.21475884089454256,"score_spread":0.185158035927248,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1968873077","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99102765,0.00057807943,0.00005933504,0.005770953,0.00014521106,0.000119969634,0.000083111256,6.9046973e-7,0.0022149866],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943484,0.003994661,0.00017576711,0.001200463,0.00018625426,0.0000037578081,0.0000017715034,0.000011684262,0.00007720456],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987065,0.000026049875,0.0008373391,0.00019052703,0.0000047525887,0.00023480135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982331,0.00016084372,0.0012589548,0.00026143042,0.000013389342,0.00007227554],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008002445,0.00014413187,0.0005465551,0.00014128342,0.00009925204,0.0000867004,0.0005808942,0.000024564075,0.000013595873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053704855,0.00011503127,0.000058226316,0.0000922575,0.0002542954,0.00024178224,0.00015906202,0.00020777309,0.0000012393747],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00023327014,0.000055034965,0.80631626,0.000018374045,0.00024060137,0.000054130127,0.0013798719,0.02452048,1.8887518e-7,0.090700775,0.00025061084,0.07623041],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0013594485,0.00041042906,0.89930075,0.00002635382,0.000017714307,0.0015497726,0.00024458978,0.04982717,0.0000050378685,0.030362848,0.016533095,0.0003627742],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.28391784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.46523398,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18131612,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010517099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012468455,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7208506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1983387982","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2013.07.002","title":"Expected worsening or improving financial instability and the 2008 financial crisis","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University; Centre for International Governance Innovation","funders":"","keywords":"Financial crisis; Economics; Financial sector; Index (typography); Financial stability; Monetary economics; Financial system; Finance; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.01224134829731979,"score_gpt":0.19104922698876647,"score_spread":0.17880787869144668,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1983387982","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99105185,0.003517103,0.00022698725,0.0042501655,0.00037417133,0.0002649978,0.00007062222,0.000006428869,0.00023765935],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98782164,0.00930607,0.0007993856,0.0015968932,0.00037250557,0.000022451339,9.988312e-7,0.000018955434,0.00006111857],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99798644,0.00005617752,0.0011772478,0.00031115292,0.000036034224,0.00043295106],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99758744,0.00022719653,0.0016331015,0.00034176203,0.000114774906,0.00009573311],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008632695,0.0002626992,0.0009181664,0.00011868234,0.00044651626,0.0002100942,0.00043143943,0.000058633726,0.000027028536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005205047,0.00016891192,0.00018670675,0.00036005233,0.0009165096,0.00041374692,0.00015571546,0.00039596373,0.00001690047],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002739888,0.00024487847,0.15491118,0.00006887591,0.00020359778,0.00002004852,0.015246367,0.0017654017,0.000004383762,0.53682876,0.012360466,0.27560616],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0031305656,0.00088954717,0.83754355,0.000031563588,0.000053798845,0.00019411328,0.0015796556,0.0031766116,0.000014318704,0.05177938,0.100831605,0.0007752946],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00292211,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00093214714,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6826324,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000060271137,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012725445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.68880284},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1988731490","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2011.06.001","title":"Back to fundamentals: The role of expected cash flows in equity valuation","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Valuation (finance); Equity (law); Financial economics; Ex-ante; Cash flow; Econometrics; Risk premium; Finance; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.05487205969933395,"score_gpt":0.23115707015729048,"score_spread":0.17628501045795653,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1988731490","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9901594,0.0013035449,0.00006430542,0.00030788276,0.00014510438,0.00015852628,0.000037343947,0.0000010424645,0.007822851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951067,0.0037290028,0.000802041,0.00025534962,0.00005426057,0.0000069972157,7.985506e-7,0.000010092342,0.00003475502],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987955,0.0000293437,0.00080291205,0.00015380804,0.000021821785,0.0001966085],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986,0.000052340154,0.0010580113,0.0002143315,0.00003732602,0.000038011338],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075065444,0.000119020275,0.0004244964,0.000120050856,0.000069553156,0.00003212445,0.0003460181,0.000020235457,0.000047292742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000037835423,0.00008858525,0.00008044066,0.00023872552,0.00020827296,0.00020551792,0.00008729085,0.00012925564,0.00001878336],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00057821354,0.0002459661,0.477953,0.000014052505,0.00010782422,0.0000025555296,0.011198904,0.002911179,0.000019754629,0.40325847,0.00014651232,0.10356359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004476601,0.00084420067,0.9026183,0.000024644123,0.000009940339,0.000013313615,0.0014333916,0.0021455027,0.000075802665,0.07811333,0.014061276,0.00021264843],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008062064,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008231085,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4246653,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058936115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004631097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36124018},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012624133","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2003.12.006","title":"The macroeconomics of low inflation and the prospects for global deflation","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Deflation; Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Keynesian economics; Macroeconomics; Monetary economics; Monetary policy; Physics","score_opus":0.008143081119726689,"score_gpt":0.20186594522176174,"score_spread":0.19372286410203504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2012624133","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99150753,0.0031390768,0.000729787,0.0037377244,0.00020686626,0.00024682598,0.000102176935,0.0000015201048,0.00032850087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9842853,0.014873559,0.0004136105,0.0002637439,0.00013233375,0.000008390303,0.0000011495376,0.000007691383,0.000014216521],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99892,0.000012136525,0.0007478674,0.00012375505,0.000015062792,0.00018113427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99794215,0.00014945942,0.0016384451,0.00017379962,0.00006730319,0.000028841745],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073079224,0.000115062096,0.00040655286,0.000028754052,0.00027896863,0.00008689181,0.00023314907,0.00002406693,3.5424233e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009114686,0.00007201352,0.000120112534,0.00011503508,0.00069599896,0.00014852898,0.00004147547,0.00009145245,0.0000014385698],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027789923,0.000011170199,0.027745798,0.0000066610987,0.00003911711,1.1040729e-7,0.00048076705,0.008351835,2.0231991e-7,0.94831955,0.000027779004,0.014739127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002816242,0.00052548246,0.43763754,0.000022387552,0.00003118206,0.000044291875,0.00029924797,0.003456955,0.000023444742,0.5186685,0.036251027,0.00022372302],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00020212575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005710336,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.42965105,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006886146,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000053465224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2936626},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016061786","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(02)00063-3","title":"Inflation targeting in Canada: Experience and lessons","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Inflation (cosmology); Predictability; Inflation targeting; Monetary policy; Economics; Price of stability; Government (linguistics); Monetary economics; Economic stability; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.043717795974569484,"score_gpt":0.19792384345973277,"score_spread":0.15420604748516328,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016061786","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949431,0.0024005473,0.00002651666,0.0021215435,0.000113577196,0.00004592781,0.000030175599,9.597888e-7,0.00031769948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98299795,0.016233893,0.00024710965,0.00040841833,0.0000731121,0.0000019981576,5.537183e-7,0.000008264798,0.000028718378],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99893564,0.000012202148,0.00066440174,0.00015506583,0.000010002327,0.00022268514],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989156,0.0000659353,0.00083580957,0.00011905778,0.0000069051957,0.000056667788],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00027133035,0.00010745986,0.00037963584,0.00008909228,0.000084896,0.000034932968,0.00015086886,0.0000140588945,0.000022552897],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000039073697,0.00010130803,0.00003169741,0.00009491762,0.00013614183,0.0002705309,0.00003053127,0.00015997924,0.0000043261484],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000028389855,0.000015229772,0.9279775,0.000004428252,0.000025355632,0.000005898926,0.0032698791,0.030356923,4.73376e-7,0.0066110296,0.00032930076,0.031375572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003912835,0.00009647315,0.87182105,0.0000091007,0.0000032326777,0.00005358929,0.0005120042,0.10818847,0.0000028781749,0.0018477221,0.016861757,0.00021243925],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.17632179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1430708,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.077831544,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015013714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034478155,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8725659},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022472034","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(03)00018-4","title":"FTA at 15, NAFTA at 10: a Canadian perspective on North American integration","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Perspective (graphical); International trade; Free trade agreement; Economics; International economics; Political science; Free trade; Computer science","score_opus":0.023543426359135824,"score_gpt":0.19285292003294152,"score_spread":0.1693094936738057,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2022472034","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846369,0.00068515586,0.000014888277,0.001876654,0.0002916309,0.00013989046,0.0003128432,0.000004814963,0.012037248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9901031,0.007242526,0.00027944712,0.0014259181,0.0001266598,0.0000066211,0.000011242306,0.00003281172,0.00077163393],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9981773,0.000035606387,0.0008378927,0.00041411023,0.000026016614,0.0005090752],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975924,0.000088941335,0.0015917583,0.0003907263,0.00008080835,0.00025536664],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003973717,0.00028641312,0.0007539964,0.00026320355,0.00036070272,0.00009059326,0.0003877722,0.00003511463,0.000101766556],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000096941716,0.00026706283,0.00018319883,0.0003250612,0.0004877374,0.00021626835,0.000045839875,0.00029177408,0.00027697632],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006613216,0.00020919759,0.617039,0.000006668069,0.0004194966,0.000036037618,0.0024255726,0.012676892,0.0000010259612,0.33878678,0.0051947404,0.022543224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012153942,0.0018134153,0.53903645,0.000015004599,0.000036515412,0.0002465323,0.0010710844,0.0019331808,0.00002165902,0.006293122,0.4474939,0.00082373846],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01886068,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.298353,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.44229916,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0014084083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012883867,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999782},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2025082926","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2007.09.004","title":"Inflation targeting and monetary policy in Canada: What is the impact on inflation uncertainty?","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Monetary policy; Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Inflation targeting; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.01782354723596928,"score_gpt":0.21433922669611166,"score_spread":0.19651567946014237,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2025082926","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9932301,0.0022690783,0.000031298794,0.004012068,0.000120976016,0.000113979375,0.000045937904,0.0000012312202,0.0001753298],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.979693,0.018362671,0.0000637501,0.0016140405,0.00023711249,0.0000012152477,0.0000033885858,0.000012558685,0.000012276676],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985526,0.000022046534,0.00089034165,0.00018221333,0.000020417961,0.00033237683],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982181,0.0002529848,0.0012513958,0.00018784884,0.000012781202,0.0000768884],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011025263,0.00017401969,0.00043572282,0.00020757005,0.00013989893,0.00009347442,0.00019296687,0.00002649905,0.000008658924],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000047416223,0.00012504669,0.00007306654,0.0001933155,0.00014759823,0.0005163398,0.000032221666,0.0002762679,0.000003981225],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024171031,0.000012988981,0.54597056,0.0000035951123,0.00006528807,0.00000339184,0.0020454377,0.37562862,4.550445e-7,0.0027570075,0.0001583433,0.073112644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00034534445,0.00018341259,0.9295993,0.000014562376,0.0000040928303,0.000024706993,0.00056727324,0.06185723,0.000003889157,0.0042647785,0.0029757957,0.00015961373],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.47332987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.21097519,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.38362876,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047077492,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016398932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.80342245},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2027107303","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(03)00021-4","title":"Revisiting the case for flexible exchange rates in North America","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"Agence Nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets Radioactifs","keywords":"Economics; Exchange rate; Monetary economics; Commodity; Capital flows; Empirical evidence; International economics; Price shock; Capital (architecture); Macroeconomics; Finance; Market economy; Geography","score_opus":0.05297665385369325,"score_gpt":0.23558355567641776,"score_spread":0.18260690182272452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2027107303","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925012,0.003964291,0.00047185464,0.0019725244,0.00017762624,0.00020297413,0.00014548999,0.0000030438487,0.00056096865],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853156,0.012300775,0.0009829849,0.00097111624,0.0002729799,0.000016289396,0.0000025975985,0.000022018405,0.00011559095],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983743,0.000042306012,0.00094840844,0.00023301707,0.000009509268,0.00039245345],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978252,0.00031322506,0.0014847959,0.00029257507,0.000019148927,0.000065028566],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010136508,0.00018543369,0.00062533165,0.000144228,0.00023789216,0.00008834987,0.00028356604,0.000023210352,0.000020066911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00013246338,0.0001418278,0.00015458732,0.00024405077,0.00027321052,0.00025481102,0.00003053649,0.00023411808,0.000014919524],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000424829,0.00010453013,0.5282818,0.000077760116,0.00032927666,0.00012240431,0.0070269075,0.13706996,4.3090853e-7,0.059908055,0.0010174044,0.26563662],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027005523,0.0010967705,0.18350936,0.00004120907,0.000056559544,0.00257405,0.0026719852,0.062316418,0.000015290096,0.019713873,0.72424453,0.0010594119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000555513,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007099452,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.72322714,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000074915115,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000035097375,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.578357},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2032508293","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2013.02.009","title":"Pricing options on stocks denominated in different currencies: Theory and illustrations","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Actua; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Valuation (finance); Markov chain; Econometrics; Currency; Economics; Multivariate statistics; Volatility (finance); Financial economics; Actuarial science; Finance; Computer science; Monetary economics","score_opus":0.020672929484023394,"score_gpt":0.2103594301841713,"score_spread":0.18968650070014792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2032508293","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99636066,0.0011567797,0.001413131,0.00054187485,0.00010791631,0.00014867101,0.000023661672,0.0000025642755,0.00024473944],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9879454,0.011492728,0.0003015456,0.00013609692,0.00006510525,0.000010459958,0.0000011278821,0.000010192888,0.000037358917],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891,0.00003127892,0.00066203956,0.00018440241,0.000014312488,0.00019795404],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99887854,0.00024589416,0.00063975586,0.00015794812,0.000029135752,0.000048723916],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005309431,0.00013726827,0.00041234246,0.00017463644,0.00014374699,0.000070314854,0.00015525104,0.000026768397,0.000009235326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000106793996,0.00011074919,0.000058854577,0.00014005584,0.00023355176,0.00021860035,0.00003471183,0.00026831648,0.0000074502937],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00016231541,0.00020578066,0.29195467,0.000014944415,0.00006229225,0.0000023049347,0.0044266055,0.023723464,0.0000043174896,0.5189539,0.000051106777,0.16043827],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004903438,0.00048281872,0.872583,0.000037786685,0.0000090064905,0.000015570758,0.00067759573,0.05063505,0.000004956454,0.072965145,0.0018497565,0.00024899555],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022068707,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002741991,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58062834,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006079002,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000025551892,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4516221},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2033659053","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2014.04.002","title":"The small open macroeconomy and the yield curve: A state-space representation","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Yield curve; Yield (engineering); Economics; Inflation (cosmology); Monetary policy; Phillips curve; Econometrics; Interest rate; Forward rate; Monetary economics","score_opus":0.046138531752623585,"score_gpt":0.2261523933194839,"score_spread":0.1800138615668603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2033659053","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98099875,0.0017654052,0.00063925737,0.014005197,0.00023643851,0.00026371932,0.0000414192,0.0000025045322,0.0020472964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9737128,0.023893088,0.00035736096,0.0013007297,0.00018437133,0.0000138364185,0.000001163086,0.000018024077,0.0005186293],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984479,0.0000786781,0.0008913399,0.00025641342,0.00001140357,0.00031424363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996691,0.00087447383,0.0018832717,0.0004533338,0.000020329468,0.000077586934],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0023677931,0.00017841585,0.00061572867,0.00006008519,0.0004996679,0.0004727492,0.00078867015,0.0000230445,0.000008841866],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00018490887,0.00011015125,0.00011482228,0.00009888726,0.00088042265,0.00034350404,0.00020395807,0.00027716972,0.000019772915],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0018728881,0.00005782614,0.23708583,0.000013920178,0.000545695,0.0000027713847,0.005169116,0.033483125,4.5935434e-7,0.47580662,0.0023115126,0.24365023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0039171316,0.00077724736,0.29768193,0.000026509912,0.000051287203,0.00022324552,0.00082145137,0.09247556,0.000014859205,0.20122631,0.4021463,0.0006381757],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0022954743,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001559575,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.39983478,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039393442,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000029667786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45587313},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2060399433","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2007.05.002","title":"Cost of equity for Canadian and U.S. sectors","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Capital Investment and Risk Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Brock University","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"Equity (law); Cost of equity; Economics; Econometrics; Capital asset pricing model; Estimation; Equity risk; Equity premium puzzle; Risk premium; Equity ratio; Financial economics; Equity capital markets; Cost of capital; Finance; Microeconomics; Private equity","score_opus":0.03621987999719319,"score_gpt":0.23743720382752942,"score_spread":0.20121732383033622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2060399433","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9935411,0.004898799,0.0002812963,0.0005582171,0.00011830216,0.000097176664,0.00013428867,7.782256e-7,0.00037000203],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9784944,0.020466808,0.0006542803,0.00022826152,0.00008229242,0.0000014021111,0.000002093356,0.000008794877,0.000061644256],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990816,0.0000038528246,0.0005738706,0.000119265664,0.00001046228,0.00021095562],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99874246,0.00008411887,0.0009138437,0.00011462633,0.00004076065,0.000104195075],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00075014605,0.000089888345,0.00041553896,0.00019427911,0.000102861195,0.0000275775,0.00015080419,0.000020817246,0.0000048661623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000028407043,0.000076666416,0.00010455136,0.00013302614,0.00029038737,0.00010227291,0.000027609545,0.000083826504,0.0000012467394],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017855965,0.00004705144,0.4338601,0.00001987323,0.00027089467,0.000003545976,0.0014127396,0.0012489702,0.0000024583355,0.48331177,0.00033912176,0.07930492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010087966,0.00086318096,0.8368647,0.000016313044,0.00007038732,0.00004454132,0.0006396863,0.0060653402,0.00006388156,0.04626241,0.10770217,0.0003986062],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008644029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06019757,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.43704936,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000058612848,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000048997717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99795747},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2080694125","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(01)00052-3","title":"Canada’s growing market integration with the U.S.—with a focus on trade","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada; Statistics Canada","funders":"Industry Canada","keywords":"Resource (disambiguation); Business; International trade; Market integration; Economics; Economic geography; Agricultural economics","score_opus":0.01575419216594404,"score_gpt":0.16265630055430186,"score_spread":0.14690210838835782,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2080694125","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9704458,0.0004214666,0.00023901729,0.024596281,0.0000957259,0.00009921695,0.00005212927,0.0000024558635,0.004047898],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932473,0.0042033615,0.00021323192,0.0020806757,0.0001299055,0.000004499495,0.00000111711,0.000018604629,0.00010135611],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990154,0.000020344067,0.0004728568,0.00020114689,0.00002480407,0.00026547164],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986077,0.00011001515,0.00095759577,0.0002445344,0.0000179042,0.00006225304],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040117817,0.00017929786,0.0004270839,0.00006247126,0.00019118904,0.00008600603,0.00032994876,0.000018727484,0.000009807564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000010652419,0.000106795625,0.00006215809,0.00016719816,0.00021892121,0.0002408723,0.000016622838,0.0002739908,0.0000031007462],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0048524207,0.0002849642,0.20916462,0.00001797691,0.0010655607,0.00017810863,0.0048583914,0.065740675,0.0000013631883,0.46159646,0.016273914,0.23596554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002014947,0.0028829856,0.43306315,0.00006437133,0.00006367016,0.001037894,0.0033068594,0.0074776625,0.000023568027,0.00687402,0.54236174,0.0008291205],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.024231125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.22315156,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5260878,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00014050853,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016140535,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9822666},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2135777727","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2012.11.001","title":"Nonlinearities in exchange rate determination in a small open economy: Some evidence for Canada","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Exchange rate; Economics; Nexus (standard); Monetary policy; Taylor rule; Monetary economics; Liberian dollar; Econometrics; Open economy; Markov chain; Small open economy; Macroeconomics; Central bank; Finance; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.09484149359879734,"score_gpt":0.24289397949353614,"score_spread":0.1480524858947388,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2135777727","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99334246,0.001605011,0.00006260313,0.0041727317,0.00016201695,0.00042481718,0.000077595876,9.528157e-7,0.0001517976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99030906,0.0067712734,0.00092894153,0.0016291282,0.00014188506,0.00005865303,0.0000028451898,0.0000159836,0.00014223038],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99842465,0.00002420333,0.0009822374,0.00023414256,0.0000045694082,0.00033021174],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982871,0.00030624622,0.001122554,0.00020166882,0.000020804377,0.00006163729],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009510158,0.00015654198,0.0006388009,0.00018536834,0.00006736338,0.00015540919,0.0005253241,0.000027155706,0.000017790031],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009172061,0.0001525002,0.000060991784,0.000099782104,0.0001148343,0.0010165509,0.000083525585,0.0001687119,0.0000061837272],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00068224466,0.00016249077,0.73969483,0.00013240926,0.00011902005,0.000016379274,0.0033681216,0.053807102,0.0000012176415,0.04031568,0.0012136264,0.16048689],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0018300241,0.00055107294,0.715695,0.00008764346,0.000008030109,0.00003312398,0.00034599507,0.19269079,0.000010090722,0.06844364,0.019790825,0.0005137566],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.33193913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.58282447,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.25088534,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028765792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00017870088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.67250955},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2397767657","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2016.04.004","title":"Can statistics-based early warning systems detect problem banks before markets?","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Thompson Rivers University","funders":"","keywords":"Sophistication; Warning system; Portfolio; Econometrics; Early warning system; Business; Function (biology); Actuarial science; Economics; Financial economics; Computer science","score_opus":0.009820405280929635,"score_gpt":0.17371110883502286,"score_spread":0.16389070355409321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2397767657","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98880553,0.0012869383,0.007676494,0.0010996066,0.00021824664,0.00013842226,0.00048574823,0.0000060885764,0.00028293545],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99646664,0.001265228,0.0015265238,0.0000807273,0.00017458462,0.000009622883,0.0000020930452,0.00003025127,0.00044434413],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998183,0.00004132654,0.0011239189,0.00027665347,0.000032894528,0.00034217627],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99701357,0.0001580421,0.0023039277,0.00033107487,0.00009477869,0.000098630255],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073128706,0.00020932077,0.0008021416,0.0001903016,0.00019395897,0.00013230812,0.00035595318,0.000030794756,0.000031844527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004448663,0.00014436498,0.00016121687,0.0002122442,0.00028143672,0.0001626318,0.00004873576,0.00016087847,0.00001976489],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036966105,0.00005997965,0.5107355,0.000062773826,0.00062669016,0.000027346472,0.00086126424,0.008202056,0.0000034283357,0.12385091,0.00041917543,0.3547812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0020930995,0.002261987,0.75729597,0.00019617652,0.00010198868,0.00014695065,0.00020359168,0.027327457,0.0000073783644,0.01812379,0.19130029,0.00094136223],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010578095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009088106,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35383984,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001152106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006796172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58870333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2554069317","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2016.10.016","title":"The expected real yield and inflation components of the nominal yield curve","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Yield curve; Inflation (cosmology); Yield (engineering); Economics; Phillips curve; Econometrics; Curvature; Real interest rate; Nominal interest rate; Mathematics; Monetary policy; Interest rate; Keynesian economics; Monetary economics; Geometry","score_opus":0.04567720207598918,"score_gpt":0.20347202832483235,"score_spread":0.15779482624884317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2554069317","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99511003,0.00070184504,0.000071240924,0.0032664856,0.00025059193,0.00009779267,0.00008485627,0.0000016776966,0.00041550386],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9858379,0.013677556,0.00006341287,0.00014147563,0.00014089672,0.0000023781247,4.3580127e-7,0.000010873238,0.00012506735],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876004,0.000022647915,0.0008192327,0.00015678468,0.00001798353,0.00022332215],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99736804,0.00044501925,0.0018101768,0.00030474563,0.000020878511,0.000051168],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000579403,0.00013563885,0.00040685266,0.0000604619,0.00023068677,0.000044215005,0.00035480104,0.00002958252,0.000008774804],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011520569,0.00007251725,0.000112386,0.00008178665,0.00058232696,0.00021585604,0.000080333135,0.00014764526,0.0000055587725],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005163246,0.000049939263,0.9102124,0.000009087099,0.0002384047,0.0000012237116,0.0018827951,0.0018256217,0.00007204798,0.027730435,0.0004570771,0.057004653],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003973006,0.00025105008,0.9847498,0.00003159102,0.000012994749,0.00004040126,0.00012245131,0.0017322075,0.000043875727,0.0044947444,0.007978404,0.00014517711],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00089630677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004750589,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07453741,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004597202,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000024056397,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.29571676},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2651437141","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2017.06.001","title":"Impact of SOX on the returns to targets and acquirers in corporate tender offers","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Concordia University","funders":"Concordia University","keywords":"Tender offer; Bidding; Shareholder; Business; Sample (material); Enterprise value; Sarbanes–Oxley Act; Value (mathematics); Monetary economics; Accounting; Finance; Economics; Corporate governance; Marketing","score_opus":0.026809804405537895,"score_gpt":0.21988919573202065,"score_spread":0.19307939132648275,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2651437141","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9959923,0.00006124785,0.000008994009,0.0035345838,0.00008645246,0.00008722006,0.000011201289,8.925433e-7,0.00021709928],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99775815,0.0012934945,0.000023863766,0.0007465044,0.00014021152,0.0000015437926,2.9334387e-7,0.000008671019,0.000027241602],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994205,0.00000650893,0.0002662069,0.0001135862,0.00004168809,0.00015147946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976417,0.000036386442,0.0019989517,0.00025192628,0.000060087506,0.000010982479],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00031906142,0.00011373916,0.0002804282,0.00006064788,0.00015158036,0.000105144965,0.00033036605,0.000011952406,0.0000027057945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005938906,0.00006557786,0.00006117356,0.00009559112,0.00034587042,0.00037064104,0.00007374985,0.00012395749,0.000002510923],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00036855222,0.000023668756,0.9726928,0.000005737469,0.000027709419,0.000007780241,0.0001276801,0.00352306,0.000008840067,0.0032887827,0.00046108864,0.0194643],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027646922,0.00014287361,0.9955612,0.000036256955,0.000009660403,0.0000040138343,0.00006402232,0.00089883315,0.000004181232,0.0014484911,0.0014663404,0.00008767676],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00068818463,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009648837,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02286838,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000020862206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004036309,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26741874},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2772737802","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2017.11.003","title":"The predictive content of the term premium for GDP growth in Canada: Evidence from linear, Markov-switching and probit estimations","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Laurentian University","funders":"","keywords":"Econometrics; Term (time); Economics; Bivariate analysis; Recession; Risk premium; Variance (accounting); Bond; Maturity (psychological); Markov chain; Mathematics; Statistics; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.03076419330708219,"score_gpt":0.21355821391987062,"score_spread":0.18279402061278843,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2772737802","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940984,0.0009807564,0.0012559714,0.0027716197,0.00022199801,0.0002772822,0.0003416263,5.316118e-7,0.000051809624],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99267274,0.0064817406,0.0006858208,0.00006124725,0.000048870203,0.000012675559,7.166486e-7,0.0000081693615,0.000028044175],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989248,0.000023512916,0.00069432094,0.00016998705,0.00002243535,0.00016495977],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968622,0.0005259079,0.0021487218,0.000351664,0.00007623548,0.00003531969],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008220507,0.00010937664,0.00038221144,0.00002657082,0.00040442348,0.00007883479,0.0005434672,0.000017215794,8.43131e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004340611,0.00007000729,0.00007064154,0.000041690422,0.00029724123,0.00020734662,0.000099577,0.00019507148,5.436752e-8],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00013964696,0.000010179576,0.9868912,0.000008972215,0.000041259293,2.5491735e-7,0.00028905936,0.00031988212,0.0000010099834,0.0017750598,0.000013925386,0.010509555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024938822,0.00007088892,0.8273995,0.000054691285,0.000010183427,0.0000029870873,0.00006990033,0.16640238,0.000004123852,0.0054685595,0.00019886855,0.00006851499],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.16802216,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.48698506,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3189629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00012501849,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00022990319,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.83751804},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2789357597","doi":"10.1016/s1062-9408(02)00062-1","title":"Import competition and market power: Canadian evidence","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Global trade and economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Competition (biology); Market power; Order (exchange); Economics; Marginal cost; International economics; Industrial organization; Business; Power (physics); International trade; Market economy; Microeconomics; Finance","score_opus":0.03359775574325593,"score_gpt":0.17927453122794962,"score_spread":0.14567677548469368,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2789357597","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9836507,0.006368297,0.000021288903,0.0038911887,0.00023045258,0.00007554719,0.00009156622,0.0000027209796,0.00566826],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9332219,0.06528977,0.00030278318,0.0009567695,0.0000835205,0.0000018875623,6.9271465e-7,0.000012945984,0.0001297436],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99878544,0.0000135863775,0.0006745113,0.00021883588,0.000012765732,0.00029488877],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986663,0.00007536187,0.0008553832,0.00021112306,0.000026397065,0.00016545279],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004919962,0.00014904595,0.0004581694,0.00014708535,0.00016184975,0.00010168663,0.00025378342,0.0000310093,0.00010482293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041009003,0.00014385764,0.00008169506,0.00012200328,0.0002982121,0.00037007497,0.000034333367,0.00019057594,0.000037164333],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008258361,0.000052855106,0.8055006,0.000014477851,0.00014724389,0.000027350508,0.000988204,0.0010792575,4.082597e-7,0.16154364,0.0034620413,0.027101338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047801354,0.00060224195,0.7364905,0.000038882397,0.000018416287,0.00045984943,0.00023194127,0.009930198,0.0000014222438,0.008916012,0.24240324,0.00042928127],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0038292937,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008671465,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2389412,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000111625974,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003202182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.58663446},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883145315","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.07.008","title":"Does the Malaysian Sovereign sukuk market offer portfolio diversification opportunities for global fixed-income investors? Evidence from wavelet coherence and multivariate-GARCH analyses","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diversification (marketing strategy); Sukuk; Financial economics; Emerging markets; Bond; Asset allocation; Economics; Portfolio; Business; Fixed income; Bond market; Financial system; Finance; Islamic finance; Islam; Geography","score_opus":0.060288318554574255,"score_gpt":0.2604129762700901,"score_spread":0.20012465771551582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2883145315","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99663013,0.00026698326,0.00023881413,0.0021553517,0.00022836133,0.00013266907,0.000039904196,0.000004478622,0.00030330068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948709,0.0030743987,0.00041316616,0.00085693324,0.0006639422,0.000006492527,0.0000028724157,0.000007682448,0.00010360055],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9992151,0.000019715506,0.00033022824,0.00018257911,0.0000627517,0.00018957301],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985098,0.00019608288,0.00091540354,0.00018222559,0.00018987754,0.0000065756103],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00040254157,0.00015248751,0.00030641933,0.00004964681,0.00041440743,0.00017457952,0.00032089034,0.0000187713,0.000010552507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000083879764,0.00007899474,0.000065048574,0.0001354438,0.00080357783,0.0005742608,0.00014345316,0.00008837319,0.0000013208008],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00079476484,0.000039523897,0.75843453,0.00004777235,0.0003116814,0.000007765641,0.0006669489,0.00011535709,0.0000151616905,0.024214802,0.00262182,0.21272989],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00027976328,0.00010739799,0.9777741,0.000097606135,0.00013028002,0.0000048375496,0.00084040296,0.0043908423,0.000010140012,0.011270783,0.004923625,0.00017024687],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009892881,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006413847,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.21933956,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027425485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004466068,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.32213122},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2887574199","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.07.004","title":"Efficient control variate methods with applications to exotic options pricing under subordinated Brownian motion models","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Control variates; Exotic option; Asian option; Variance (accounting); Variance reduction; Econometrics; Brownian motion; Mathematics; Random variate; Valuation of options; Inverse Gaussian distribution; Asset (computer security); Monte Carlo method; Exponential function; Geometric Brownian motion; Monte Carlo methods for option pricing; Economics; Statistics; Computer science; Random variable; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Accounting; Hybrid Monte Carlo; Diffusion process; Mathematical analysis","score_opus":0.02880650209169463,"score_gpt":0.24453762306001817,"score_spread":0.21573112096832353,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2887574199","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28827068,0.0002980674,0.7096283,0.0012235915,0.000059604004,0.00026183503,0.00005378305,0.0000063123894,0.00019782777],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9443433,0.00028236795,0.054604113,0.000487856,0.00017526868,0.00006647934,0.0000015440703,0.000022051887,0.00001697973],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987396,0.000013534064,0.00066514924,0.0002925606,0.00002329136,0.00026589242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99828964,0.00010588971,0.0010108737,0.00030097444,0.00019323004,0.00009938979],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00058281067,0.00016200128,0.0004622008,0.00018305918,0.00033679107,0.00006876678,0.0003089434,0.000028006196,0.000003414884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024520565,0.00013539655,0.0000676586,0.000614371,0.00031285273,0.000099944555,0.00003960348,0.00016076502,0.000021623095],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008338835,0.00006900767,0.000654874,0.0000038338135,0.000057800393,3.5724437e-7,0.00032766664,0.2387005,0.000003566729,0.7343542,0.000004404446,0.025740426],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0015577505,0.0015027231,0.13956068,0.000040041614,0.000100411875,0.00016931702,0.0003148423,0.52263623,0.000017286431,0.32586965,0.0075280853,0.0007029988],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000115908755,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00010133292,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6560727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008463905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006152244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.55213106},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2896454984","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.09.002","title":"Bank fee-based shocks and the U.S. business cycle","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal; Université du Québec en Outaouais","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Monetary economics; Market liquidity; Business cycle; Economics; Recession; Monetary policy; Stock (firearms); Financial crisis; Subprime mortgage crisis; Great recession; Positive feedback; Order (exchange); Finance; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.022144939808107583,"score_gpt":0.1923050610157631,"score_spread":0.17016012120765553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2896454984","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98933774,0.0016907715,0.0005166341,0.0067907963,0.00028844434,0.00010840694,0.000062297986,0.000003448361,0.0012014396],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99053514,0.006287612,0.00043777266,0.0021706393,0.00046903832,0.000003669623,0.0000012522825,0.00001842739,0.00007645429],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99870557,0.000029523335,0.0007400171,0.00021870568,0.0000141618875,0.0002919974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99815744,0.00017844289,0.0012365866,0.00032017592,0.000035263667,0.00007211433],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00092914596,0.00017743606,0.00061567087,0.00010845832,0.00028963905,0.00011728241,0.0003594104,0.000029246223,0.000029125624],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006702219,0.00012311424,0.000105364416,0.00016563252,0.0015368845,0.00022677843,0.000059031212,0.00019600963,0.000032931322],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0040481286,0.0002081081,0.5172513,0.000047943693,0.0007590563,0.000013366226,0.0059225475,0.068218134,0.0000015942536,0.21216717,0.0025449418,0.18881766],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004028941,0.00069417356,0.7419976,0.000025617112,0.00004938473,0.0001927093,0.00017227583,0.117271364,0.000014039897,0.032028377,0.10297878,0.00054671406],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00064701994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00024025775,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.22474629,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000039585222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004147856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5662715},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2903748041","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.12.009","title":"The demand for banking and shadow banking services","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Demand curve; Context (archaeology); Inverse demand function; Microeconomics; Econometrics; Monetary policy; Demand for money; Complementarity (molecular biology); Monetary economics","score_opus":0.013898567588149356,"score_gpt":0.19989346974843505,"score_spread":0.1859949021602857,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2903748041","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913507,0.004217711,0.0014363839,0.0015436865,0.00039218136,0.00013298682,0.00005721457,0.0000031166915,0.00086599984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98166984,0.016285345,0.0009150111,0.0005332912,0.00048215385,0.0000069302396,8.816474e-7,0.000020396212,0.00008614502],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99877745,0.0000125286915,0.00068847544,0.00022222385,0.000010648041,0.00028867245],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980982,0.00024888662,0.0013121384,0.00023276394,0.000057578152,0.000050425904],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010565917,0.00014870633,0.00043426285,0.000059910384,0.0005880135,0.0002015898,0.0003615398,0.000025924599,0.0000061910528],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000021344973,0.00010912887,0.000094092975,0.000070389826,0.0006053788,0.00024352662,0.00008542629,0.00012535912,0.0000042307142],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00027294047,0.000016037944,0.041540384,0.000018023316,0.00016005826,7.2265146e-7,0.0020551693,0.0007857384,9.3007696e-7,0.86545926,0.00010601055,0.0895847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0012380067,0.0011395761,0.06646277,0.00004708647,0.000042065112,0.00012090558,0.00092959043,0.033427183,0.000022732436,0.586634,0.30943593,0.0005001722],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008106968,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004953037,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.30932993,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000030846466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002403715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.45225838},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2970250577","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.101059","title":"The rise of passive investing and index-linked comovement","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture","keywords":"Index (typography); Economics; Econometrics; Monetary economics; Market segmentation; Financial economics; Microeconomics","score_opus":0.012488078196184775,"score_gpt":0.18168009862424012,"score_spread":0.16919202042805534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2970250577","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99471426,0.0028064535,0.00013904576,0.0011471563,0.00025609042,0.00012738793,0.000044094955,0.0000015530787,0.00076396525],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9816488,0.017660491,0.00023016277,0.00021609009,0.00007031894,0.0000028614563,4.025148e-7,0.000013720431,0.00015712544],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987266,0.000019074161,0.00086243416,0.00017241575,0.000013875193,0.0002055981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99730015,0.00022641322,0.0021146473,0.00026373565,0.000042523745,0.000052506293],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00071866275,0.00012998398,0.00052102626,0.00006226195,0.00014156678,0.00005872708,0.00029460771,0.000022897793,0.0000050840617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000038451926,0.00009549438,0.000085554944,0.00007849325,0.00051139167,0.00015700383,0.0001018279,0.00018859787,0.0000049999144],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001728693,0.000027856615,0.38852087,0.00001349452,0.00016091521,0.0000010380217,0.0011510015,0.006737583,0.000002350352,0.55406135,0.00005838526,0.04909227],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0027484396,0.0016743338,0.58167845,0.00007371143,0.000041571282,0.000090291986,0.0025110089,0.043815557,0.000038390546,0.22126016,0.14534265,0.00072543573],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00016812731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000121471654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.3328012,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003662023,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000038832786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3894148},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2972871181","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.101065","title":"Are the interdependence characteristics of the US and Canadian energy equity sectors nonlinear and asymmetric?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education","keywords":"Copula (linguistics); Tail dependence; Vine copula; Economics; Portfolio; Equity (law); Nonlinear system; Diversification (marketing strategy); Econometrics; Financial crisis; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Business; Physics; Macroeconomics; Mathematics; Statistics","score_opus":0.011475850725871338,"score_gpt":0.1926946159255225,"score_spread":0.18121876519965116,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2972871181","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99686205,0.0009153199,0.00003899887,0.0009732092,0.00028587072,0.000084294006,0.0002755648,8.239608e-7,0.0005638475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925343,0.00673922,0.000063078165,0.00052157475,0.000060543844,0.0000011444946,8.46098e-7,0.000010810997,0.00006852892],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989571,0.000031446845,0.0005915908,0.00018745492,0.000024788196,0.00020760742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99762714,0.00014382214,0.0017827793,0.0003126519,0.000054827167,0.00007879211],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007399424,0.00013439395,0.0004732171,0.00010067828,0.00014139774,0.00007169187,0.0003920889,0.00003282217,0.000006963931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009228685,0.00008669833,0.00007771209,0.00019221508,0.00038649276,0.0001036079,0.00017927136,0.00023853223,6.77116e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000031247957,0.000009798588,0.97197264,0.000009065979,0.000037205078,7.4787937e-7,0.00012048573,0.00004953055,2.3702428e-7,0.0066947103,0.00001061373,0.021063717],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00017085887,0.00010791133,0.9563487,0.000015899543,0.000010079383,0.000030686857,0.000084640866,0.029271755,0.0000016654407,0.00201621,0.01182821,0.00011334952],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.010141931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02927504,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.029222226,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005603661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007118699,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9964496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2994024001","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2019.101131","title":"Diamonds in the rough: The value of scouting for early-stage funding","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Initial public offering; Business; Value (mathematics); Order (exchange); Quality (philosophy); Monetary economics; Accounting; Finance; Economics","score_opus":0.01615171037567491,"score_gpt":0.21117258616659168,"score_spread":0.19502087579091676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2994024001","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973448,0.0001785649,0.000086795204,0.0015613862,0.00018924466,0.00014536675,0.0000041130334,0.0000010903831,0.00048867165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99836296,0.00040317426,0.000053610333,0.00079292443,0.00034902839,0.0000022524134,7.1404924e-7,0.0000073704523,0.000027970571],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9994065,0.00001195738,0.00030102138,0.000077236095,0.000042242114,0.0001610161],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99882084,0.0001755597,0.0008153649,0.00014928912,0.000035195546,0.0000037778998],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00094957283,0.00007946749,0.0002063281,0.000048724625,0.00010483044,0.00009771904,0.00042843827,0.00001119055,0.0000023050802],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000041980893,0.00004203994,0.000084377396,0.00014586498,0.0001344878,0.00034276748,0.00007611001,0.00015578904,0.0000020469545],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00028363868,0.000057925117,0.7472139,0.0000668666,0.00006575603,0.0000027164765,0.0019881772,0.017288422,0.000013619978,0.19344606,0.00014014322,0.039432798],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009892692,0.0002451454,0.90917176,0.00008664137,0.00006176402,0.000009142955,0.0030342394,0.02370448,0.000012355046,0.006642836,0.05581265,0.00022971163],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00013143082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007250961,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18680322,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001082572,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000017598844,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.17143391},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007377825","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101174","title":"Efficient predictability of stock return volatility: The role of stock market implied volatility","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Implied volatility; Volatility swap; Volatility smile; Volatility (finance); Economics; Forward volatility; Volatility risk premium; Predictability; Stock market; Econometrics; Financial economics; Variance swap; Stock (firearms); Stock market bubble; Monetary economics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013225804035096834,"score_gpt":0.1922799808770604,"score_spread":0.1790541768419636,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3007377825","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947255,0.001485423,0.0006324091,0.0010337459,0.000120709214,0.00033425147,0.0006426429,0.000004081027,0.0010212164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985759,0.0008041208,0.00036770385,0.00013323063,0.00007950782,0.0000048562756,0.0000023119746,0.000017855402,0.000014502837],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99736106,0.000101605045,0.0018213019,0.00036558253,0.0000610882,0.00028936152],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99552214,0.00038067283,0.0031940178,0.000630098,0.00015635852,0.00011668952],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002048346,0.00023411946,0.0010555967,0.00006820553,0.00013240488,0.000030930998,0.0006618748,0.000052480707,0.000057330435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00031365475,0.00017585106,0.00029709714,0.00033245815,0.00079895125,0.00009263676,0.00018393603,0.00042094936,6.020439e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00076068833,0.0001081271,0.97649,0.00004202076,0.00011904026,3.3931684e-7,0.0011528853,0.0011166739,0.0000047040867,0.0024521,0.00004536179,0.017708031],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00028171224,0.0003395557,0.47577596,0.0000067074698,0.000019682913,0.000003859126,0.00014598205,0.51703453,0.0000072913003,0.00405884,0.0022153014,0.00011058599],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00023202771,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013601953,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.51591784,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006432802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000109435176,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7170998},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3010957026","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101178","title":"The impact of oil on equity returns of Canadian and U.S. Railways and airlines","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); West Texas Intermediate; Oil price; Business; Economics; Monetary economics; Political science","score_opus":0.029898218040065826,"score_gpt":0.22794102610171418,"score_spread":0.19804280806164837,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3010957026","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938698,0.0016929909,0.000011720675,0.002866649,0.000050312898,0.000043027685,0.00027124115,7.6082415e-7,0.0011935227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96135265,0.038325578,0.00009726285,0.00014761862,0.000050343457,6.8350636e-7,8.676322e-7,0.000008453549,0.0000165396],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989929,0.000019297178,0.0006415456,0.00015054292,0.000016038015,0.00017965477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983154,0.00016222746,0.0011715693,0.00017065617,0.00004806077,0.00013206997],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006489781,0.00011990555,0.0005020869,0.00010638779,0.00011523007,0.00003782088,0.0002145979,0.000024211346,0.0000042857714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012014356,0.00008232643,0.00009963289,0.00018543215,0.00044524515,0.00007988842,0.00006544554,0.00017442198,2.8744785e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00045902544,0.000028431348,0.8611621,0.000031185577,0.00017367383,0.0000020094035,0.0010813727,0.0014161173,0.0000022437225,0.020964911,0.00019869335,0.114480205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00051647186,0.0011666453,0.9066266,0.000019000634,0.000013951761,0.00001738519,0.00015164302,0.07658051,0.0000036895635,0.00716242,0.007562677,0.00017901865],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01023086,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.013275392,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.11430119,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000032748354,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009207745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9963601},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3016027016","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101208","title":"Preemptive bidding in common value takeover auctions: Social surplus and the target’s revenue","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Auction Theory and Applications","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Bidding; Common value auction; Microeconomics; Revenue; Economic surplus; CONTEST; Value (mathematics); Economics; Social cost; Jump; Business; Finance; Market economy","score_opus":0.047192235227361094,"score_gpt":0.2924437635351492,"score_spread":0.24525152830778812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3016027016","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98342025,0.00024392766,0.0010692241,0.014994028,0.00006572911,0.00008024014,0.000028335762,0.0000010801755,0.00009718411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975971,0.0010663646,0.0003043522,0.00079648267,0.00018349443,0.0000040027344,2.3425223e-7,0.0000037794996,0.000044216515],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.999142,0.00017554151,0.00041810796,0.000119095355,0.00006136698,0.00008388271],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985574,0.00054671546,0.0007306842,0.0000962214,0.000039025086,0.000029968116],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012430132,0.00006213515,0.00026422009,0.000035106717,0.00026685058,0.00006715463,0.0002702034,0.000011373681,0.000004905278],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00014789979,0.000036071444,0.000055314664,0.00027713715,0.00070942927,0.00015178575,0.00005342193,0.00019712403,0.0000035936148],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0019356153,0.000076007425,0.07459184,0.000003913198,0.00010115321,0.0000057632733,0.028555902,0.061465845,0.000008754803,0.3795934,0.0027389626,0.45092285],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0021155183,0.00037072742,0.45832625,0.000016967197,0.00004341248,0.000117071584,0.008715885,0.030432427,0.000017906508,0.3664077,0.13315217,0.00028398016],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003073796,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008184048,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.45063886,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000014176001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000032830652,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.26139218},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3022801979","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101744","title":"IPO performance and the size effect: Evidence for the US and Canada","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Initial public offering; Monetary economics; Business; Investment (military); Information asymmetry; Sample (material); Economics; Finance","score_opus":0.009527107534982478,"score_gpt":0.17402255045276097,"score_spread":0.16449544291777848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3022801979","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892944,0.0021294383,0.000014501451,0.008120967,0.00020808757,0.00019500402,0.0000097482525,0.0000011973709,0.00002665789],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9872264,0.0093505,0.000013823563,0.003036769,0.0002687364,0.000024006009,2.1552336e-7,0.000008043808,0.00007149631],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99944717,0.000012744096,0.0002199768,0.00011246452,0.000060983755,0.00014668277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99830747,0.00068701693,0.0008163785,0.0001399067,0.000042506897,0.000006739298],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00073380594,0.00010314284,0.00022994433,0.000013482517,0.0006694241,0.00009517068,0.00028023586,0.0000047912936,0.0000021589058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007684426,0.000054170672,0.000036139136,0.00011042254,0.0003260083,0.0002801389,0.00013084525,0.00014164881,1.8413421e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.002317045,0.000011943736,0.7104557,0.00005898218,0.00007132117,0.0000055612936,0.00015982377,0.015224418,7.9291004e-7,0.0033426138,0.0037509087,0.26460087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008990481,0.00011924741,0.7817248,0.00001812334,0.00006106895,0.00003916767,0.000084535204,0.014193112,7.7805475e-7,0.00019541089,0.20256402,0.00010066073],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04647634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.07111897,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2645002,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000025559171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008677659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.95987326},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3036436844","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101241","title":"On the relationship between the current account and the fiscal balance: The case of Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Current account; Economics; Short run; Balance (ability); Error correction model; Econometrics; Distributed lag; Investment (military); Cointegration; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Exchange rate","score_opus":0.03132432933712272,"score_gpt":0.21558501310737838,"score_spread":0.18426068377025567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3036436844","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8731563,0.0017109913,0.000038680308,0.12378741,0.00013434765,0.00015892465,0.00020588766,9.943608e-7,0.00080644427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99313164,0.0015890384,0.00000802729,0.0049034753,0.00032817034,0.000007074978,7.7080983e-7,0.00001053684,0.00002129568],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987799,0.00006512093,0.0007391391,0.00014624716,0.000025339274,0.00024423184],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99594903,0.0025986216,0.0010520777,0.00030092962,0.00002597025,0.000073395895],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008647797,0.00014553651,0.00044777078,0.000019017689,0.00046105782,0.000080125275,0.0004970201,0.000017307599,0.000008189267],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00032576898,0.00006319479,0.00011499738,0.00014577409,0.0011340549,0.000070367925,0.0000940732,0.0005608362,0.000003469277],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010118054,0.000009073245,0.106709994,0.0000089282885,0.000070677226,0.000004052858,0.0009459791,0.0014368289,4.852334e-9,0.88102365,0.003099774,0.0065898737],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096146995,0.00031245936,0.7120366,0.000021756918,0.000057503214,0.00016339846,0.0008821253,0.012288591,0.0000010187526,0.13266566,0.14034605,0.00026333527],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01270663,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009092422,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.74835795,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004516758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000100344776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938678},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3039858541","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101250","title":"Liquidity creation and bank profitability","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":62,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Market liquidity; Profitability index; Accounting liquidity; Business; Liquidity crisis; Balance sheet; Liquidity risk; Financial system; Asset (computer security); Monetary economics; Finance; Economics","score_opus":0.0205059166601436,"score_gpt":0.21034015331882897,"score_spread":0.18983423665868537,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3039858541","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918003,0.0014883638,0.00094996486,0.005248565,0.00009730905,0.000127571,0.00004430715,0.0000051608804,0.00023847274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99532324,0.0033531948,0.0008296614,0.00033322253,0.00013649676,0.0000025105746,0.0000012635754,0.000010795094,0.000009612839],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.998841,0.00002778951,0.00069640315,0.00025389995,0.000018729335,0.00016220582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985164,0.000101016354,0.0010688459,0.00018830654,0.00005689475,0.00006856417],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067346985,0.0001205594,0.000429167,0.00004827123,0.00013330058,0.000060844937,0.00019416827,0.000023837389,0.000010359004],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00017333911,0.00010775741,0.000069069516,0.00018091504,0.00048124665,0.00023561141,0.000054937493,0.0001644455,0.00000528296],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001568649,0.000062422165,0.8836662,0.00002401426,0.00004036314,9.218956e-7,0.0024121047,0.0044880146,0.0000019483089,0.06368734,0.000051062776,0.045408733],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00032124005,0.0005200429,0.95846003,0.000005158537,0.000010180324,0.000017460721,0.0000878787,0.017327895,0.000010291194,0.012366915,0.010700288,0.00017264202],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006019954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000039524934,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07479379,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000045096953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000039285995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43942195},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3094745637","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2020.101310","title":"The dynamic impact of oil price shocks on the stock market and the USD/RMB exchange rate: Evidence from implied volatility indices","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":65,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Windsor","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Economics; Volatility (finance); Renminbi; Stock market crash; Exchange rate; Stock market; Econometrics; Implied volatility; Forward volatility; Monetary economics; Financial economics","score_opus":0.02353503771902284,"score_gpt":0.22768245599179238,"score_spread":0.20414741827276953,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3094745637","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9842697,0.0060219388,0.00017160505,0.008325603,0.000121217374,0.0002125429,0.00035567183,0.000003006032,0.0005187608],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.95325315,0.04594078,0.00005676717,0.0005744676,0.00008988101,0.0000103616585,0.0000015808743,0.000017376404,0.000055607026],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99805933,0.00021009361,0.0010483062,0.00033389535,0.000048176993,0.00030018337],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9939053,0.002805352,0.0025781558,0.00054752926,0.000069755355,0.00009389374],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0030379018,0.00025544706,0.0007560758,0.000045533223,0.00041571187,0.00017337382,0.0008345824,0.000042275933,0.00004824642],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005396702,0.00012851482,0.00025451576,0.00025448698,0.0010610111,0.00020512159,0.00019282481,0.0005142728,0.0000017081908],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.007011391,0.000083427825,0.86226714,0.000050769202,0.00076076493,0.000002978213,0.004788815,0.0010525106,0.000003782184,0.0066537033,0.0006696144,0.11665513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005756766,0.0003773164,0.7017213,0.000023631705,0.000026613203,0.0000049610594,0.00016035285,0.28979582,7.821352e-7,0.0049737506,0.0021867931,0.0001529729],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00087929395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005176026,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28874332,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008495582,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009253956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5240682},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125047768","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2018.02.004","title":"Overpaid CEOs got FDIC debt guarantees","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Business; Debt; Financial system; Finance; Economics","score_opus":0.00969566880752235,"score_gpt":0.18120681818447484,"score_spread":0.1715111493769525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3125047768","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968982,0.00029204725,0.00015345872,0.0013525252,0.00031339223,0.00005330095,0.000006710513,0.000004896117,0.0009254849],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928141,0.002791883,0.00014419317,0.0025439614,0.0015806843,0.0000013878954,6.221441e-7,0.000014034121,0.000109090215],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99926746,0.0000052865894,0.0003372185,0.00013667654,0.0000510092,0.00020232168],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998449,0.000029716517,0.0012056303,0.00018026018,0.0001267065,0.000008658905],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00023138104,0.00013142441,0.00028091605,0.000061282226,0.00017151696,0.00010179612,0.00030871914,0.000013715381,0.000012081639],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000024263989,0.000095496354,0.00007435244,0.00023333084,0.00040195533,0.0005822881,0.000058440488,0.00012821353,0.000049556576],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00069996464,0.000091140195,0.5965885,0.000026154796,0.00008838589,0.000028763314,0.00022779389,0.0011308359,0.000021260392,0.023127263,0.006990313,0.3709796],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00047322034,0.00018249355,0.6905612,0.00003667783,0.00003401522,0.000036009547,0.000062757026,0.0017408184,0.000017321856,0.0028645783,0.3037869,0.0002040412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024111237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00072886335,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37077558,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000016285152,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000041248004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.38942283},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3125814860","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102153","title":"Pricing exchange options under stochastic correlation","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Financial economics; Economics; Econometrics; Mathematical economics","score_opus":0.020184933825327506,"score_gpt":0.21607913564820772,"score_spread":0.1958942018228802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3125814860","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.40028727,0.008318188,0.58911496,0.0014288692,0.00037930862,0.0000986513,0.00005961539,0.000008883217,0.00030426783],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99016553,0.007941612,0.0013014089,0.00018325675,0.0002819073,0.000014053617,0.0000026082098,0.00001900602,0.00009062842],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.9990483,0.0000037735165,0.0005595132,0.00019511212,0.000016982796,0.00017634417],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99906707,0.00015896629,0.00054350396,0.00015464473,0.00003193776,0.000043894055],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003170348,0.00011785536,0.00031460598,0.00015404273,0.00015882384,0.00009868266,0.00018995591,0.000024367277,0.000008047454],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036985035,0.00010341163,0.0000891362,0.00032964506,0.00019359514,0.0002103463,0.000036213503,0.00021075876,0.000047124267],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016263715,0.000023297769,0.00035336285,0.000010085623,0.00003562559,9.629011e-7,0.00047857172,0.027232585,3.2344786e-7,0.925549,0.00004162471,0.046258308],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00046582773,0.000657776,0.07868568,0.000090746726,0.00007375607,0.00027628115,0.00037345057,0.18306309,0.0000017678663,0.67768914,0.058059216,0.0005632496],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000057911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000049921673,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.58987826,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006454316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005382097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4217004},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4235248740","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2010.03.001","title":"Introduction","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics","score_opus":0.019769709196781598,"score_gpt":0.18844954898728034,"score_spread":0.16867983979049875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4235248740","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913421,0.0003292863,0.0001299579,0.0065676766,0.0008807018,0.000050436134,0.000037176887,0.0000030863498,0.0006595482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931903,0.0036491803,0.0010960789,0.0004653964,0.0013984903,0.0000015819442,0.0000014411577,0.000013680102,0.00018384239],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9989352,0.000008793703,0.0006543479,0.00017649007,0.000008539664,0.0002166226],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984459,0.000046334866,0.0011538801,0.00027494543,0.000014727233,0.00006420491],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00060634763,0.00012117123,0.00041113907,0.00011423604,0.00011612021,0.000059465397,0.000264513,0.00002562601,0.00006505442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000053044867,0.000104589155,0.000101906604,0.00009617384,0.0003165487,0.00028558527,0.000030890315,0.00034996035,0.00007597105],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039535388,0.00016763314,0.30104238,0.000013933265,0.0003584062,0.000007554254,0.002384349,0.029215468,0.000025856252,0.476629,0.008229213,0.18153086],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00053911784,0.00046658245,0.2932865,0.000002545948,0.000014736687,0.00036943957,0.00009173134,0.011082537,0.000031257336,0.02456175,0.66922003,0.00033373034],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00015557125,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00017236755,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.66099083,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000023877903,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001880745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4265022},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4285045662","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101765","title":"Idiosyncratic volatility puzzle exists at the country level","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Volatility (finance); Economics; Volatility risk premium; Volatility swap; Stock (firearms); Stock market volatility; Systematic risk; Econometrics; Implied volatility; Financial economics; Volatility smile; Stock market; Monetary economics","score_opus":0.02879060698033911,"score_gpt":0.20014964583420317,"score_spread":0.17135903885386405,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4285045662","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98958224,0.0036974975,0.00004312879,0.0027849544,0.00045440363,0.00013230278,0.0003556037,0.000003175214,0.0029466932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920907,0.0059193633,0.00010971297,0.0010983857,0.00012302023,0.00001553075,0.0000045340757,0.000016382071,0.0006223987],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986536,0.000050500497,0.00077603327,0.00022071222,0.000037757498,0.00026139873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979727,0.00012939883,0.0014820496,0.00034395343,0.000028753271,0.000043103773],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0010743043,0.00016019835,0.00047471086,0.00006483413,0.0008585958,0.000078329474,0.0004922356,0.000015162825,0.000097430195],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000048203594,0.00011915273,0.00012259417,0.00022787681,0.00052372896,0.00019424666,0.00020543102,0.00032066816,0.000010529337],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007781039,0.00023868878,0.3390748,0.000031779244,0.0002832127,0.000021463908,0.0024763388,0.012536749,0.0000031275285,0.60647833,0.009137624,0.028939791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00048167986,0.00060311786,0.478498,0.00000518003,0.000017462564,0.00012652406,0.0004429974,0.0049240976,0.0000037060195,0.02721114,0.48739898,0.00028708956],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00024566753,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00049907604,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5792672,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016885638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007141326,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6603712},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4288456120","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101785","title":"Dynamic spillovers and linkages between gold, crude oil, S&P 500, and other economic and financial variables. Evidence from the USA","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Yorkville University","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Spillover effect; Monetary economics; Treasury; Exchange rate; Gold as an investment; U.S. Dollar Index; Financial crisis; Financial market; Shock (circulatory); Vector autoregression; Financial economics; Us dollar; Finance; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.022644487138045198,"score_gpt":0.2204954450937916,"score_spread":0.1978509579557464,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4288456120","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894888,0.007226966,0.0001648596,0.001617463,0.00023068389,0.00010410689,0.0010108578,0.000003077162,0.00015321361],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96311086,0.035202507,0.00071358745,0.0006443947,0.00013842084,0.000008138501,0.00000400804,0.00002352482,0.00015455087],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99837506,0.000074305775,0.0008003502,0.00043334175,0.000031238174,0.00028568614],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975843,0.0006662913,0.0012887664,0.0003469201,0.000018090102,0.00009565672],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0013913161,0.00023743522,0.00069337344,0.00008990037,0.00041210608,0.00016521974,0.00039945112,0.00004082529,0.000043930246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009854492,0.00020038323,0.000084555715,0.000111591355,0.0006142332,0.00024996535,0.00033503232,0.00045838318,0.0000024909468],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000071504706,0.000013238447,0.96872663,0.0000081252365,0.000072746436,0.0000014471243,0.0005961458,0.00054044806,9.0561485e-7,0.0027358602,0.00009787414,0.02713504],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00049807725,0.00025696697,0.8950637,0.000021244348,0.00004013253,0.000041851374,0.000113783106,0.016866202,3.008211e-7,0.008503624,0.07829463,0.0002995066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0025791882,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002171654,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.07819676,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000117196396,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007832209,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8171391},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292551922","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101796","title":"A novel estimation of time-varying quantile correlation for financial contagion detection","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Anhui Province","keywords":"Quantile; Estimation; Financial contagion; Economics; Econometrics; Quantile regression; Correlation; Financial crisis; Mathematics; Macroeconomics","score_opus":0.020300793072509597,"score_gpt":0.20990165727832008,"score_spread":0.1896008642058105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292551922","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.8160544,0.00040167486,0.18280213,0.00013814779,0.00026082734,0.0001569123,0.00015098047,0.000002542808,0.00003236256],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99560267,0.00062441255,0.003562987,0.00007365009,0.00007766161,0.000015467307,0.000007337435,0.000013466433,0.000022361412],"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988171,0.0000147180035,0.0008322172,0.000163552,0.000024550342,0.00014788596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977835,0.00012733079,0.0018766007,0.00013040009,0.00005936904,0.00002284545],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00080436707,0.00010205761,0.00043094176,0.00014543573,0.00029541712,0.00001933236,0.0001596895,0.000021346887,0.000004776985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00012774397,0.000107713226,0.00013232596,0.000183676,0.00009847889,0.00019867181,0.00004270524,0.0001804399,0.0000015014538],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00063674775,0.00008545088,0.008563218,0.000013099759,0.000027291791,2.7683964e-7,0.00081012165,0.84572095,0.000043137563,0.020369662,0.000023996723,0.123706035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00073313876,0.00083741953,0.02059292,0.000008461027,0.0000160872,0.00002553529,0.000064229265,0.9667664,0.000042502783,0.007875084,0.0028947967,0.0001434331],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002066358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005674096,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17954822,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008516082,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006131862,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4392418},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4292771374","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2022.101790","title":"Multivariate risk aversion utility, application to ESG investments","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Risk aversion (psychology); Context (archaeology); Multivariate statistics; Economics; Corporate governance; Microeconomics; Asset (computer security); Financial economics; Expected utility hypothesis; Actuarial science; Econometrics; Business; Finance; Statistics; Computer science; Mathematics","score_opus":0.016712862721003353,"score_gpt":0.20260206419466606,"score_spread":0.1858892014736627,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4292771374","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99531263,0.00045389074,0.0011394414,0.0010254799,0.00028946472,0.00019909654,0.0001603645,0.00000424239,0.0014153703],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946509,0.0032001056,0.00092298724,0.0010200852,0.00007935519,0.000023335426,0.0000034134619,0.000014699311,0.0000851132],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99881774,0.000043264525,0.00064666197,0.0002500405,0.000027782242,0.00021448713],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982018,0.000055500514,0.0013837176,0.00026181294,0.00002791822,0.000069241396],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00067159074,0.0001375103,0.00039240776,0.00014162892,0.00041444937,0.000049138333,0.0003788572,0.000013748662,0.000018811841],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003915271,0.00012861085,0.000094582254,0.0002662787,0.00015578876,0.00018130128,0.00018488763,0.00024938598,0.000018068466],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006264685,0.0002643997,0.46428257,0.000010044377,0.00014996059,0.0000075244398,0.0021311608,0.032236915,0.0000026768564,0.3247697,0.0015311382,0.17398742],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00050505495,0.00075228413,0.65878534,0.0000035689031,0.0000127940675,0.000025619824,0.00028005714,0.010664286,0.0000040073287,0.038379457,0.29035085,0.00023668502],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005584904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004459044,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2888197,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000098074604,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000042157015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.52445984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4366364697","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101924","title":"Interactions between investors’ fear and greed sentiment and Bitcoin prices","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Cryptocurrency; Granger causality; Economics; Monetary economics; Currency; Causality (physics); Asset (computer security); Safe haven; Pandemic; Sample (material); Investment (military); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Financial economics; Econometrics","score_opus":0.013998687630065584,"score_gpt":0.2238073747246462,"score_spread":0.20980868709458061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4366364697","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919287,0.00018797893,0.002057108,0.005710909,0.000038623675,0.000044364377,0.0000037034836,0.000010348427,0.000018242976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917272,0.0041131745,0.0039869696,0.0001166491,0.00003236879,0.0000026521225,2.9879092e-7,0.0000027832316,0.000017912305],"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99958056,0.000013256555,0.0001773214,0.000114974435,0.00001912831,0.000094772964],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99943,0.00008400895,0.00028538768,0.00014546656,0.000020763437,0.000034378714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00020666426,0.000058977603,0.00014979104,0.00008739052,0.0001460807,0.00004719554,0.00021423183,0.000011378729,2.0958939e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00000600808,0.000045215445,0.000017438,0.00021197187,0.00026546913,0.00012152372,0.00014315109,0.00013524291,0.0000013551551],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000010074036,0.000026908283,0.2424106,0.000006298753,0.00008752993,0.0000048218976,0.0022064627,0.00023117074,0.0000122304655,0.06255694,0.0002401231,0.69220686],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00023596967,0.00025068744,0.9258492,0.000010978154,0.000017793493,0.00008674493,0.00021560409,0.029513838,0.000044412936,0.014097892,0.029533934,0.00014293328],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000035231173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007108213,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6920639,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008834531,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000019488594,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.18438324},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385218382","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101973","title":"Global stock markets risk contagion: Evidence from multilayer connectedness networks in the frequency domain","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":42,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Social connectedness; Stock (firearms); Financial market; Systemic risk; Business; Econometrics; Financial economics; Economics; Monetary economics; Financial crisis; Finance; Psychology; Geography","score_opus":0.02180334849283132,"score_gpt":0.22558827405276757,"score_spread":0.20378492555993624,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385218382","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9933277,0.0025368575,0.0014057184,0.0014137257,0.0004344407,0.00021257409,0.00034932786,0.000006484014,0.00031321766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9746244,0.024346923,0.0004932071,0.0003168471,0.00017518754,0.000012072374,0.000006049865,0.000013829929,0.000011459903],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99803895,0.00016709727,0.0010449726,0.00034441147,0.00003831875,0.0003662431],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99695146,0.00082993903,0.0016394511,0.00046568803,0.00005010385,0.000063365456],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0025815745,0.00021259434,0.00064111117,0.00009487696,0.00019137848,0.00011947844,0.0007142436,0.0000532398,0.000018517383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00021330608,0.00016026157,0.00015748588,0.00063030265,0.0003194107,0.00025960573,0.000092925875,0.0003971546,0.000007855792],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00018732958,0.000027516326,0.9783074,0.00000274551,0.000049244794,0.000015210111,0.0005771545,0.003124047,5.5754445e-8,0.0058835465,0.00012974523,0.01169598],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000417106,0.0001179681,0.82653475,0.000024650159,0.000009787451,0.00001616062,0.00024821132,0.13556121,3.249158e-8,0.035312396,0.0015891048,0.00016863119],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002507106,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005025809,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1517727,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000112965965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000055606182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6535277},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385439014","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101968","title":"Valuing rebate options and equity-linked products","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Equity (law); Black–Scholes model; Extension (predicate logic); Actuarial science; Economics; Business; Microeconomics; Econometrics; Computer science","score_opus":0.03849777960074838,"score_gpt":0.2418031717074025,"score_spread":0.20330539210665413,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385439014","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.985083,0.0022171678,0.005888467,0.0060658753,0.00018974394,0.00012809045,0.000074496005,0.000011348141,0.00034181017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9766731,0.020890402,0.0018318266,0.00024515664,0.00022149376,0.000013808381,0.0000030569167,0.000017000417,0.000104143786],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99891865,0.0000043813498,0.00058959576,0.00023067984,0.000017928416,0.00023873677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987014,0.000085004656,0.00088643975,0.00020823616,0.000064480584,0.000054419284],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00061805785,0.00011897563,0.000387663,0.00014792827,0.00024001655,0.00007396723,0.0002487672,0.000021690747,0.0000015039053],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000112736314,0.000107823565,0.000052745036,0.0005019091,0.0002979062,0.0001655781,0.00013146288,0.0001740286,0.0000310187],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000041021394,0.00003081438,0.005412963,0.000018193685,0.000051110987,0.0000030000906,0.0010261489,0.0018266485,0.000005877655,0.92012936,0.0001499377,0.07130492],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000758185,0.00055141666,0.44414008,0.000036873873,0.00003821033,0.00015037647,0.00034256303,0.013660938,0.000009775615,0.42841595,0.111382514,0.00051310775],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000053642543,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002484313,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4917134,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000027843938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000046388494,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43969172},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385735761","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.101985","title":"Corrigendum to “Can monthly-return rank order reveal a hidden dimension of momentum? The post-cost evidence from the U.S. stock markets” [North Am. J. Econ. Fin. 65 (2023) 101884]","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"erratum","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Stock (firearms); Economics; Financial economics; Dimension (graph theory); Momentum (technical analysis); Order (exchange); Econometrics; Monetary economics; Mathematics; Finance; Engineering; Combinatorics; Mechanical engineering","score_opus":0.02706466894954677,"score_gpt":0.213731299605362,"score_spread":0.18666663065581524,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4385735761","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9448646,0.018479763,0.000020840502,0.017140144,0.0126425335,0.0011920898,0.0042821397,0.000014693008,0.0013632269],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.61248595,0.33249003,0.0006780941,0.007814321,0.0045265667,0.00025224863,0.000403854,0.00039258593,0.040956378],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99583495,0.00016251439,0.0023127415,0.00078955095,0.00014561816,0.0007546261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9924562,0.0006559639,0.005153865,0.001241076,0.00031776968,0.00017513902],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0015521847,0.0007078745,0.0018823576,0.00028639764,0.00054418447,0.00028671938,0.0019837227,0.0001797607,0.00007242605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005630407,0.00046784797,0.00048423055,0.000840129,0.000884189,0.0003607454,0.00046080645,0.0013823187,0.000052694122],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001512147,0.00013537216,0.06548756,0.00007870621,0.0010125176,0.000034950855,0.0034345153,0.0015019219,0.0000015062685,0.0034243034,0.8862074,0.037169106],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005067551,0.0009762747,0.5656653,0.000348261,0.0001314676,0.000015559715,0.00039535706,0.0015854911,0.0000018861556,0.003197382,0.4265031,0.00067316974],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0051016067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008281284,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.50017774,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00022781173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00057930785,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997773},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4387641276","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.102025","title":"Are banks better money doctors? An analysis of mutual fund flows of bank and non-bank funds using Canadian data","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Fund of funds; Closed-end fund; Open-end fund; Mutual fund; Business; Passive management; Finance; Global assets under management; Income fund; Stable value fund; Financial system; Equity (law); Institutional investor; Corporate governance; Market liquidity","score_opus":0.06435190091083354,"score_gpt":0.24388441265213145,"score_spread":0.17953251174129792,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4387641276","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970463,0.0006910701,0.000060198294,0.0003204943,0.00015973384,0.00008010577,0.0013992771,0.0000022229096,0.00024063376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99416983,0.0049304357,0.0004980116,0.00023340905,0.000098086086,0.0000012469935,0.000031380514,0.000017973462,0.000019620207],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983251,0.000023656203,0.0009985915,0.0003146809,0.00003091288,0.00030706247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970919,0.00008382635,0.0021003885,0.000537953,0.00006059781,0.00012531663],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007585076,0.00018377142,0.0009738451,0.0006902959,0.00013441278,0.00006871864,0.0005036832,0.00004665627,0.000018473911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000439901,0.0001692369,0.00011818347,0.0007538936,0.00040578842,0.00048294992,0.000106412845,0.0001643956,0.0000017674445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008103519,0.00003536802,0.97305906,0.000021920738,0.00054438715,0.0000087417775,0.0006644086,0.012750675,0.000005251396,0.004567353,0.00014101627,0.008120804],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00022625826,0.00021217477,0.86127484,0.000015598042,0.00012336836,0.0000049167393,0.00029913342,0.13354997,0.0000030006204,0.0008313972,0.003277002,0.00018232835],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018193811,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.046109866,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12079929,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005090961,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113306145,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98834413},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388550036","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2023.102032","title":"Economic policy uncertainty, macroeconomic shocks, and systemic risk: Evidence from China","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Systemic risk; Construct (python library); Economics; Shock (circulatory); China; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Vector autoregression; Macroeconomics; Financial crisis; Monetary economics; Econometrics; Political science; Volatility (finance)","score_opus":0.014240787554515745,"score_gpt":0.22236004916740007,"score_spread":0.20811926161288433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388550036","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99323857,0.0032697767,0.00014007879,0.0017569897,0.0003978154,0.00017542239,0.0007933384,0.000014001331,0.00021402887],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8929519,0.106290944,0.00018193483,0.00007810329,0.0003531454,0.000007799173,0.0000072815365,0.00003094247,0.00009791873],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99771243,0.00006696034,0.0012857566,0.0004916039,0.00002225005,0.00042100338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99653846,0.0004476319,0.0023475017,0.000499461,0.000027595388,0.0001393572],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001546643,0.00028552365,0.0009482037,0.0003139925,0.00026206512,0.00017679848,0.00055550126,0.000055892633,0.000022679596],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00015665524,0.0002633444,0.00018025319,0.00024321284,0.0004640457,0.00037766105,0.0002149079,0.00036996772,0.000049453283],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00017945698,0.0000121155235,0.94813234,0.000013529274,0.00013538588,0.0000041674493,0.00063515594,0.012353635,8.07843e-7,0.007746771,0.00013781535,0.030648833],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00041683557,0.00022385055,0.7889322,0.00004263915,0.000021377182,0.00005649452,0.00013103383,0.18716198,9.0232464e-7,0.019564226,0.0031541386,0.0002943243],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0062115416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0017483148,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.17480835,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00025271866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00014696116,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999819},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4391127749","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102078","title":"Asset pricing for the lottery-like security under probability weighting: Based on generalized Wang transform","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lottery; Kurtosis; Weighting; Econometrics; Skewness; Economics; Actuarial science; Probability distribution; Asset (computer security); Microeconomics; Financial economics; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics; Computer security","score_opus":0.024986754421530217,"score_gpt":0.21574820951539025,"score_spread":0.19076145509386003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4391127749","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799337,0.0027194908,0.0042501567,0.010710905,0.00068556017,0.00038839353,0.00015685458,0.000009997499,0.001144991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99257314,0.004690531,0.00074139034,0.0016251731,0.00024811982,0.000027760969,0.0000036855306,0.000024284604,0.000065901644],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986407,0.000022961583,0.00074238784,0.00028151245,0.000028104356,0.0002843401],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987025,0.00039577403,0.00056699855,0.00025400045,0.00003752921,0.000043178177],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011405912,0.0001979605,0.0004770372,0.00010188032,0.00026325416,0.00021733179,0.0003059771,0.000033671382,0.000011730458],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000032117274,0.00012931543,0.00023846063,0.00019287049,0.00031916195,0.00023064589,0.000019742434,0.00026634135,0.000004345197],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00053890696,0.00012949306,0.00804592,0.00011177286,0.00022076246,0.0000042815086,0.0010505534,0.03443307,0.000001582212,0.91293156,0.0015575907,0.04097453],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0011227614,0.001494989,0.058130283,0.00009730241,0.000071060305,0.000023245637,0.00020460071,0.331017,0.000025056466,0.30889276,0.29837793,0.0005430222],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00009716056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001240133,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6040388,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00010052954,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000105534804,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.527333},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4392246923","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102122","title":"Unraveling the multiscale comovement of green bonds and structural shocks: An oil-driven analysis","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Đại học Kinh tế Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh","keywords":"Bivariate analysis; Bond; Economics; Futures contract; Autoregressive model; Econometrics; Financial crisis; Bond market; Financial economics; Multivariate statistics; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Finance; Statistics; Mathematics","score_opus":0.013430738897521154,"score_gpt":0.21765445679194811,"score_spread":0.20422371789442695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4392246923","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.995452,0.002576607,0.0006068909,0.0008141052,0.00011538781,0.000047545276,0.00023663377,0.000002644692,0.00014819246],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920691,0.00704578,0.00058963627,0.000105846186,0.00007911756,0.0000018204469,0.0000045976158,0.000011548523,0.00009252066],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99876535,0.000028905446,0.00077996135,0.00022989612,0.000024807901,0.00017108355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99873847,0.00012906156,0.0007653996,0.00027140815,0.00004007216,0.000055573717],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072975166,0.00014042942,0.000550561,0.00016063193,0.00012706939,0.00009807877,0.0002846646,0.00002363184,0.000012460249],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000146036655,0.00009760275,0.00014294556,0.00031370227,0.00034798365,0.00018220516,0.000075564356,0.00021152083,4.546877e-7],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008624938,0.000024944988,0.8475438,0.000031373806,0.0007175818,0.0000033616489,0.0019910666,0.012383491,0.0000020681782,0.022391504,0.0000089725145,0.11481562],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00013347137,0.00017176333,0.34082347,0.000009016142,0.00007389774,0.000010844201,0.00016639555,0.65306896,9.166832e-7,0.003799096,0.0016341415,0.00010801532],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009788045,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016410402,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6406855,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003592914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000026098802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.39801246},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4398247275","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102197","title":"Information content of option prices: Comparing analyst forecasts to option-based forecasts","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Content (measure theory); Financial economics; Actuarial science; Economics; Business; Mathematics","score_opus":0.04026299200920636,"score_gpt":0.2108481021261351,"score_spread":0.17058511011692876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4398247275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9877206,0.0010399681,0.009160746,0.000725971,0.00032810133,0.00015083907,0.000074618474,0.0000050544663,0.00079409394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99578786,0.0022408187,0.0015925103,0.00025502194,0.00008057351,0.0000075466223,0.000006862549,0.000009788399,0.000018994704],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986754,0.00000973204,0.0009857075,0.00012285245,0.000027902883,0.00017837148],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99860096,0.000066731816,0.0010475416,0.00015259285,0.000078128236,0.000054039097],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005163185,0.00013732804,0.0004953358,0.00030958606,0.00007833999,0.00013997083,0.00020386049,0.00002311729,0.000004825099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000036880192,0.00011505918,0.00013480434,0.0003100939,0.00015347236,0.00064249855,0.000030386658,0.00012811048,0.000012662818],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00039145106,0.00006869595,0.053394616,0.00012405383,0.00018862463,0.0000025432805,0.0018292285,0.105727024,0.000005492988,0.7088928,0.0002213441,0.1291541],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00085984333,0.0018545237,0.5352548,0.0002587546,0.000053209067,0.000032680095,0.0007043091,0.37687168,0.000060500057,0.016187446,0.06735711,0.0005051445],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00019141907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000098983845,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6927054,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007922156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006717504,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.46919772},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400348935","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102221","title":"Does uncertainty affect the limits of arbitrage? Evidence from the U.S. stock markets","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Arbitrage; Affect (linguistics); Stock (firearms); Financial economics; Economics; Monetary economics; Business; Econometrics; Geography; Psychology","score_opus":0.02846397859560801,"score_gpt":0.22659393656036156,"score_spread":0.19812995796475355,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400348935","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9672247,0.02185535,0.00010023252,0.009069518,0.0008189048,0.00018160204,0.00018965204,0.000004997123,0.00055503583],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.92879874,0.0700635,0.00012587474,0.00055657234,0.00032418635,0.000008695393,0.0000012934985,0.000017428038,0.00010371005],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985599,0.000069339076,0.0008252986,0.00026222572,0.000038117127,0.00024514407],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99721855,0.0012370537,0.0010587396,0.00040421117,0.00004300218,0.000038464324],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0012668604,0.00020023454,0.00053679344,0.00006332871,0.00020213297,0.00019134009,0.00068956305,0.00003121319,0.000025262605],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00016556209,0.00008940962,0.00022309624,0.0002626175,0.00079493574,0.00033867586,0.00007194428,0.00041035694,0.000008833924],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.001142782,0.00014693914,0.27066687,0.00012066584,0.0010712439,0.000033532167,0.006495382,0.00921133,0.00001943036,0.44076973,0.0069656027,0.26335648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024177477,0.00054527895,0.84314793,0.00026725687,0.00006269716,0.000023643164,0.00037484692,0.0088754995,0.000030615873,0.052018996,0.094108775,0.00030270618],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00077791046,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005271707,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.57248104,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000048020873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011939013,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.36460188},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4402126638","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102282","title":"Cross-border ESG rating dynamics: An in-depth connectedness analysis of portfolio returns and volatilities in the USA and Canada","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha; International Laboratory of Mirror Symmetry and Automorphic Forms, National Research University Higher School of Economics; Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, Gobierno de España; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha","keywords":"Social connectedness; Equity (law); Portfolio; Volatility (finance); Economics; Vector autoregression; Investment strategy; Financial economics; Stock (firearms); Financial crisis; Business; Econometrics; Finance; Geography","score_opus":0.011979079018290525,"score_gpt":0.2577495414498944,"score_spread":0.2457704624316039,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4402126638","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970665,0.0017878956,0.00006902306,0.00028818645,0.00009940472,0.000087055625,0.00019998442,0.000001122774,0.0004008228],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9953957,0.0043421774,0.000069252754,0.00010815589,0.000024904366,0.00000288915,0.000006009213,0.0000099796825,0.00004088322],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99855137,0.000040078394,0.00092876196,0.00025545794,0.00002723657,0.00019709261],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987318,0.0002954966,0.0006692529,0.0002210477,0.000039960316,0.000042436714],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0011436512,0.00014691391,0.0006622865,0.00029803975,0.00007372421,0.00014230984,0.00019121991,0.000029839553,0.0000132627],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006096703,0.00011464941,0.000063260704,0.0005117907,0.0003394362,0.00025123233,0.000045349094,0.00027551176,4.4731603e-8],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003681536,0.000014308419,0.97657216,0.000018273084,0.0000993507,0.000009262455,0.0012325533,0.0014722276,5.977289e-8,0.013503374,0.0000016800723,0.007039969],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000116794974,0.00006680026,0.65942997,0.00001094059,0.000022534177,0.000018827559,0.00070133724,0.33805773,8.345369e-8,0.001144647,0.00034135938,0.00008897706],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.17957056,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.89049155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.710921,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000868227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00012684934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.82589275},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4405861628","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2024.102357","title":"Reaction of the U.S. Treasury market to economic news when intrapersonal uncertainty and interpersonal disagreement are high","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Market Dynamics and Volatility","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Intrapersonal communication; Treasury; Interpersonal communication; Economics; Psychology; Financial economics; Social psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.011027439423068578,"score_gpt":0.19300288860921416,"score_spread":0.18197544918614558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4405861628","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99223536,0.001036637,0.00013381349,0.0050401827,0.0005782083,0.00013646838,0.00038945038,0.000002802006,0.00044709913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99416214,0.0049199015,0.00026781537,0.00030006593,0.00015760105,0.0000050027215,0.0000017114384,0.000015203766,0.00017053618],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99873984,0.000035128927,0.00073211844,0.00027928143,0.000025783826,0.00018786121],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986918,0.0001392843,0.00083124236,0.00023964167,0.000025445666,0.000072576484],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00072941673,0.00016849683,0.00049865665,0.00011304513,0.00009609004,0.000086574066,0.00027877744,0.00002927738,0.000041495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003327156,0.00012255128,0.000155249,0.00010636501,0.0002858567,0.00016704189,0.000098907665,0.00023375599,0.0000026849777],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00081717514,0.00008660587,0.7200421,0.00007783672,0.00045976855,0.000004532821,0.002322849,0.0020385596,0.000006840717,0.038391877,0.0021756024,0.23357627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00038090366,0.0003689482,0.85855275,0.00009317837,0.00003743155,0.00006260107,0.00044470944,0.07364966,0.0000027830463,0.013516594,0.05261358,0.0002768412],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010270592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002411724,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.23329943,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001684371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000064574204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4997496},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4407098767","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102376","title":"Multivariate Affine GARCH in portfolio optimization. Analytical solutions and applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Multivariate statistics; Econometrics; Affine transformation; Portfolio optimization; Portfolio; Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity; Economics; Mathematics; Computer science; Financial economics; Statistics; Volatility (finance)","score_opus":0.022109797655207646,"score_gpt":0.23493746600349938,"score_spread":0.21282766834829173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4407098767","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9136016,0.0030939982,0.080229215,0.0016194027,0.000076856166,0.00015972169,0.000048374313,0.0000032768305,0.001167587],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820244,0.014479918,0.003132701,0.00017085398,0.00006033305,0.00001052613,0.0000020727698,0.0000073783585,0.00011185233],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","domain_scores_codex":[0.99884444,0.000014209268,0.00073593884,0.00019757429,0.000011509328,0.00019632811],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99916816,0.000098862416,0.00047849223,0.00017168587,0.000045989873,0.000036816647],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00056524156,0.000103195394,0.00040518783,0.00025252014,0.00015010223,0.00004489857,0.00016498863,0.000028487419,0.000005216299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006225255,0.00009859259,0.00005683301,0.00038021876,0.00024270754,0.00014118954,0.00006740238,0.00020725494,0.00000176813],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000076955446,0.00008656505,0.16265899,0.0000085637885,0.000042986827,0.0000012412736,0.00021420782,0.35145208,1.8439549e-7,0.4318609,0.000044697455,0.053552642],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005268773,0.00008249523,0.26302263,0.00001707869,0.000014082887,0.000009643487,0.00007904106,0.6989859,3.7454683e-7,0.020497037,0.016617816,0.00014703066],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00027079956,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00021925695,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.41136384,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000052960728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006525729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.40204892},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410274487","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102447","title":"Common risk factors in REIT Returns: New insights","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Real estate investment trust; Business; Economics; Financial economics; Monetary economics; Finance; Real estate","score_opus":0.01676281948432622,"score_gpt":0.20248470487876893,"score_spread":0.1857218853944427,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410274487","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894126,0.004361423,0.00006165643,0.00091715425,0.00035669954,0.00009605311,0.000027623664,0.0000031501604,0.0047636456],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9588043,0.040223796,0.00023316931,0.0003860101,0.00007395529,0.0000018033104,0.0000014244309,0.000010054618,0.000265505],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99862576,0.000027738535,0.0009070025,0.0002068885,0.000014500411,0.0002180971],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982709,0.00012237659,0.0012979192,0.00024152691,0.0000200778,0.000047197147],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003473271,0.00016808546,0.00064593204,0.0002552242,0.00011768608,0.000078554134,0.00033903337,0.000037082555,0.0000066719367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000070059745,0.000136504,0.00010929514,0.00034824948,0.00025063823,0.0002780909,0.000055130527,0.00033259395,0.0000046767855],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000111767426,0.000041577976,0.6688873,0.000005831425,0.00005455187,0.0000033460674,0.00079772185,0.0018793092,2.5134042e-7,0.3141104,0.0005546159,0.013553322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00045776705,0.00025569074,0.80011827,0.000029132449,0.000009440874,0.000003428101,0.00023186974,0.00089473545,0.000007671401,0.13065135,0.06717251,0.00016810045],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016070107,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0018146024,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.18345906,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007669621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009592877,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5566471},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4410472933","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102463","title":"Hedging downside risk for REITs","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Downside risk; Real estate investment trust; Economics; Financial economics; Business; Finance; Real estate; Portfolio","score_opus":0.011818897248194274,"score_gpt":0.20443422599876385,"score_spread":0.19261532875056958,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4410472933","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.98282737,0.0033469286,0.0092657395,0.001608956,0.0005387447,0.00019282164,0.00009769096,0.0000040863074,0.0021176536],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9656391,0.031263895,0.0018303124,0.00074940646,0.00016008013,0.000013002754,0.0000012219427,0.000012619477,0.0003303402],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99872166,0.000012219802,0.0007838583,0.00021436444,0.000012175818,0.00025570166],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99812746,0.00012681032,0.0014146974,0.00024326799,0.00005860915,0.00002918275],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00082099723,0.00013934959,0.0005363924,0.0001813236,0.00024778658,0.000065005515,0.00031318,0.000024008968,0.0000020147538],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000109817964,0.00012409041,0.00016569869,0.00023726406,0.00019572306,0.00016715449,0.00005440293,0.00018974207,0.000008381071],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00024805707,0.0000450968,0.18442696,0.000020323656,0.00016463836,0.0000022775243,0.0003919878,0.006936576,3.050156e-7,0.5365613,0.001087764,0.27011466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0010214235,0.00038650123,0.38728905,0.00003469424,0.000041588646,0.000008862086,0.00016587052,0.0053341673,0.0000131554225,0.11563213,0.4897877,0.000284864],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00011641318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00014573763,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.48869994,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000054788467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004210658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.506026},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4413043814","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102518","title":"Can we put green bonds in a single basket?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Sustainable Finance and Green Bonds","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Đại học Kinh tế Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh","keywords":"Bond; Economics; Business; Finance","score_opus":0.013436343143437009,"score_gpt":0.19395452097814275,"score_spread":0.18051817783470575,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4413043814","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97892797,0.0046589347,0.00011111536,0.013072902,0.000176214,0.00010484687,0.000045198485,0.0000037297543,0.0028991182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849916,0.0119231455,0.0002832201,0.001010149,0.000093825445,0.000007761284,0.0000013811024,0.000016315662,0.0016725826],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9983885,0.000020045363,0.0009338244,0.00026840673,0.000018072205,0.00037110838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984985,0.000094787414,0.0009985165,0.0003115823,0.000049646937,0.00004698735],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000550752,0.00018583829,0.0006951929,0.0004089842,0.000108454486,0.00006618657,0.00042487946,0.000041528194,0.0000070617884],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004834732,0.00017362756,0.0001099805,0.00063730904,0.0002971033,0.00021111369,0.00008896342,0.000300738,0.000006697495],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00022247038,0.00015977472,0.60840887,0.000034583074,0.000098498655,0.00003853593,0.0013490323,0.0037100576,0.0000012651366,0.19852011,0.00068053504,0.18677625],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0016956729,0.00092537084,0.53868765,0.0001027768,0.000022674849,0.000064455366,0.00091489864,0.0038212694,0.000016136806,0.16995461,0.28325552,0.0005389413],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009679953,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0020953543,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.28257498,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00017090712,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000120256664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.70803267},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W7117556993","doi":"10.1016/j.najef.2025.102574","title":"The debt-growth nexus in Canada: evidence from an open-economy ARDL model","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The North American Journal of Economics and Finance","topic":"Fiscal Policies and Political Economy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Newport","keywords":"Distributed lag; Nexus (standard); Debt; Prudence; Interest rate; Debt-to-GDP ratio; External debt; Real gross domestic product; Fiscal policy; Real interest rate","score_opus":0.022702470022796142,"score_gpt":0.2233195283972512,"score_spread":0.20061705837445504,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W7117556993","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.97325504,0.0031376733,0.00042905088,0.016648395,0.0002637779,0.00016628257,0.000121509394,0.0000018002522,0.005976481],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98665184,0.008231621,0.0002689234,0.0045654923,0.00009596609,0.000013871914,0.0000015562866,0.000014609064,0.00015614454],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","domain_scores_codex":[0.99807113,0.000035639296,0.001154169,0.00030006803,0.0000137712395,0.00042523112],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99795675,0.0005155805,0.00092754746,0.00043614404,0.00005112531,0.0001128751],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006227679,0.00019388432,0.00069437065,0.00008552615,0.00024142365,0.00026431604,0.0013140613,0.000028900193,0.000006421263],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011135025,0.0001508067,0.000073859825,0.00019284003,0.00035692262,0.0005401397,0.00022354221,0.00033747964,0.0000055225246],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00019045953,0.000042142037,0.15043552,0.000006582046,0.00009329837,0.000004071895,0.0003589249,0.04112371,1.303377e-7,0.7919254,0.0013062834,0.0145135205],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00071284536,0.0002447679,0.23787543,0.000054291613,0.000017702809,0.000009326296,0.00046618946,0.22523186,0.0000058055475,0.48911935,0.045867782,0.00039464905],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.60494494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7542354,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.302806,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00041919426,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00084908464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6149719},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}