{"meta":{"query_hash":"197176d62f30","filters":{"venue":"The Social Studies"},"cohort_total":10,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":10,"exported":10,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/197176d62f30","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=The+Social+Studies"},"results":[{"id":"W1967862783","doi":"10.3200/tsss.97.4.145-151","title":"Environmental Education Curriculum in a Bilingual Education School in China","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Curriculum; Bilingual education; Environmental education; China; Mathematics education; Social studies; Pedagogy; Sociology; Psychology; Political science","score_opus":0.04163595246918743,"score_gpt":0.40415027294146527,"score_spread":0.36251432047227783,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1967862783","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.954802,0.004581901,2.0407856e-7,0.0060156332,0.0010145091,0.00017972813,9.686003e-7,0.000021409374,0.0333837],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9950846,0.00024446644,0.000022966831,0.00012585765,0.0018749152,0.00006430116,0.0000030234185,0.000005938379,0.0025739481],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99905276,0.0002206112,0.00017517143,0.00014426801,0.00018660547,0.00022056118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99977916,0.000059700793,0.000062894964,0.000055907378,0.000014752706,0.000027568138],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00048598283,0.000077578174,0.00012949716,0.000071938106,0.0008032147,0.000020448197,0.00013097233,0.00005604015,0.000040178486],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002054408,0.000065062464,0.000040849693,0.00028428985,0.00038418992,0.00007025143,0.000023992743,0.00017332032,0.000031673302],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000828987,0.0017108391,0.3662054,0.000012326973,0.000014547624,6.021122e-7,0.51651704,0.0000056950207,0.00003771917,0.055721696,0.021927789,0.03783807],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001042602,0.0000108248505,0.4033749,0.000016795022,0.000008562615,1.520938e-7,0.5397265,4.5311626e-7,0.0000014577986,0.014483038,0.042164683,0.00010837585],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.043169886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03154484,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.041238658,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001033722,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00087952445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.98612696},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978295336","doi":"10.3200/tsss.96.4.139-142","title":"Social Studies: Wrong, Right, or Left? A Critical Response to the Fordham Institute's Where Did Social Studies Go Wrong?","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Social studies; Critical theory; Sociology; Social psychology; Psychology; Social science; Epistemology; Pedagogy; Law; Political science; Philosophy","score_opus":0.30375727305076766,"score_gpt":0.5302928977077189,"score_spread":0.22653562465695126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1978295336","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.22163193,0.034644898,0.00001408816,0.72438574,0.0055954056,0.0010934225,0.000056933502,0.00048936246,0.012088215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9546798,0.002540341,0.00012059836,0.0036276423,0.020719418,0.0003479281,0.0000014202776,0.00006062678,0.017902216],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9938307,0.0019989074,0.0007388045,0.0006912345,0.0012870122,0.0014533821],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9945976,0.0038327412,0.00023275254,0.00027338573,0.0008773847,0.00018612687],"candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.004393685,0.0005494285,0.0011719717,0.00010557201,0.02707301,0.00018805815,0.00111725,0.00029218604,0.00012803011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007967079,0.00033016177,0.00048300548,0.0007888488,0.009105125,0.00035554162,0.00061039574,0.000778128,0.00029496063],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00047463094,0.00014053025,0.000085616055,0.000035719695,0.00090418075,0.000011551285,0.6142484,0.0000015882671,0.0000059894865,0.03325911,0.34677574,0.0040569273],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00031915517,0.00012578336,0.0008231396,0.000030639385,0.000253466,0.0000013473447,0.44487143,2.9073033e-7,0.0000021003864,0.0036786546,0.5495806,0.00031342224],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00054028555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06486924,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7330479,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0020539516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008388004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99991506},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1984992979","doi":"10.3200/tsss.97.1.3-7","title":"Where Are the Facts? Jason's Gold Gives Meaning to the Yukon Gold Rush","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Canadian Identity and History","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Gold rush; Meaning (existential); Social studies; History; Mathematics education; Sociology; Epistemology; Psychology; Archaeology; Philosophy","score_opus":0.030967662369554293,"score_gpt":0.2799451842438171,"score_spread":0.2489775218742628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1984992979","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.111386694,0.03506179,0.000005670524,0.36402416,0.0022316354,0.0009387944,0.00007246206,0.00019171379,0.48608708],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9175746,0.0015864425,0.000004692561,0.0015503023,0.0034506584,0.000054920667,6.87326e-7,0.000015697464,0.075761996],"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985962,0.00029988156,0.0001351331,0.00015845112,0.000430937,0.00037940097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99932235,0.0002626125,0.0001131078,0.00015630887,0.0001050606,0.000040557443],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00076263107,0.00011061587,0.00017858054,0.000043251872,0.0077647716,0.0003640019,0.0005742655,0.000058647405,0.00006091506],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020747143,0.000068443595,0.0001411577,0.0003731492,0.0015055594,0.00009730048,0.00013724064,0.00020922018,0.00018784944],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000048956895,0.000009523719,0.0002022282,0.0000068733443,0.000071104616,0.0000019394004,0.22685894,0.000010885114,0.000005097346,0.095604405,0.6727884,0.0044357013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004522565,0.00000603223,0.008101119,0.000015356558,0.000038416572,1.2091937e-7,0.2362977,2.4653798e-7,8.608724e-7,0.0043620244,0.75104463,0.00008827294],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.34418067,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9731155,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8061879,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000554919,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00011907659,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.993527},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1985528645","doi":"10.1080/00377990209600175","title":"Challenging Students with the Tools of Critical Thinking","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":45,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Critical thinking; Mathematics education; Psychology; Computer science","score_opus":0.16523295590320006,"score_gpt":0.4370060756032324,"score_spread":0.2717731197000324,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W1985528645","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.28306934,0.004842683,0.00013804254,0.622553,0.00076187076,0.00046478375,0.0000020058903,0.00012549799,0.08804279],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99687046,0.00040991494,0.00008098995,0.0013001444,0.00033433735,0.000026891119,9.268897e-8,0.000005212227,0.0009719346],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9986215,0.00022801904,0.00011863158,0.00009150413,0.0007100643,0.00023025218],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987731,0.0009210145,0.000036106117,0.00007300784,0.0001731059,0.000023674855],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001110173,0.0000688999,0.00013201125,0.000011535236,0.0038926161,0.00008042673,0.00039573546,0.000029086741,0.00010252349],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00061470503,0.00003504428,0.000042464642,0.00018326733,0.0014801944,0.00006854226,0.0000952897,0.00013581633,0.000018958046],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000018086602,0.000059085574,0.000357659,0.000009576009,0.000073496216,5.3285254e-7,0.635103,2.9552285e-7,7.6419985e-7,0.35949507,0.0022218304,0.0026769114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00014301705,0.000028053564,0.007213957,0.000057619087,0.000069423775,3.4698044e-7,0.9210087,0.0000011861858,0.0000123173495,0.050740745,0.02059282,0.00013180736],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004809714,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00013188459,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.71380115,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005907861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000023174089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99740416},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2016409236","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2012.720308","title":"We Need To Talk: Improving Dialogue between Social Studies Teachers and Museum Educators","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Museums and Cultural Heritage","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Museum education; Museum informatics; Social studies; Sociology; Teacher education; Pedagogy; Psychology; Museology; Visual arts; Art","score_opus":0.0984758498151486,"score_gpt":0.31215292717954357,"score_spread":0.21367707736439495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2016409236","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.951429,0.003125186,2.1282234e-7,0.040757418,0.0006066374,0.0006313869,0.00002861804,0.00010427831,0.003317226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888726,0.0002118492,0.000009531598,0.0006290874,0.0050703143,0.0002573812,0.0000030154215,0.000024516807,0.004921727],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99886096,0.000090218484,0.00024915196,0.00022235783,0.00018775603,0.00038955105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994696,0.00013357862,0.00010212136,0.00008236893,0.00015712157,0.00005521201],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00021030272,0.0002462702,0.00045620112,0.000033213742,0.0037357917,0.0002335603,0.00018295311,0.000050383227,0.00012496636],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008372665,0.00014668067,0.00011818319,0.000057509398,0.0008831978,0.00020824332,0.0002996193,0.00018607771,0.000074038035],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000036398203,0.000016038226,0.00018690835,0.00004688408,0.0004784936,4.4375813e-7,0.88577884,2.7585552e-8,0.000058357105,0.010383703,0.0812702,0.02177646],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001702405,0.00005846986,0.005562289,0.00002308524,0.000109672605,1.7264693e-7,0.87511295,1.5013137e-7,0.000011762811,0.0032455889,0.11545114,0.00025449006],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0021826932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0023627833,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.04012833,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008203397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000015764364,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975612},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2293259529","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2015.1094723","title":"Images of Struggle: Teaching Human Rights with Graphic Novels","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Human rights; Graphic design; Social studies; Art history; Graphic arts; Visual arts; Art; Sociology; Media studies; History; Law; Political science","score_opus":0.1459648002535033,"score_gpt":0.4392914607235056,"score_spread":0.29332666047000233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W2293259529","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.90088123,0.0007436502,0.000016575794,0.009800722,0.0003423181,0.000120871526,0.000008744983,0.00008389344,0.08800201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963807,0.000030668776,0.00003635328,0.000031274263,0.00071017334,0.0000099438785,1.464205e-7,0.000006437223,0.002794311],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99900156,0.00022884645,0.00013067762,0.0001229845,0.00028330798,0.00023262504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993143,0.00036053258,0.00011175747,0.000083091574,0.00009807107,0.000032261072],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006489409,0.00008434603,0.00020401932,0.000032134067,0.0043689376,0.000011618408,0.00021646866,0.00003920926,0.000028148477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00011590204,0.00003942799,0.00006400847,0.00012335209,0.0020829611,0.00006640538,0.00003182651,0.00010809687,0.000004877606],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000014677018,0.00008166797,0.0047533344,0.000011468871,0.0002454484,0.0000011169536,0.48306334,5.0434565e-8,0.00059741637,0.49054334,0.016853703,0.0038344515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001036602,0.0003284848,0.031172218,0.00018309984,0.0002343419,6.5492753e-7,0.49982202,1.9363506e-8,0.0002879228,0.13369982,0.3326969,0.0005379047],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028164526,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0035682246,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.35684353,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009016918,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004730925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99692726},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3186350465","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2021.1954866","title":"Secondary Students’ Evolving Relationships and Connections with Israel","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Jewish Identity and Society","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":false,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Brandeis University","keywords":"Chose; Curriculum; Narrative; Qualitative research; Judaism; Psychology; Pedagogy; Sociology; Mathematics education; Social science; Law; Political science","score_opus":0.0827386967906069,"score_gpt":0.36655457732487773,"score_spread":0.2838158805342708,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3186350465","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9257021,0.007401845,0.000022158087,0.021008246,0.0002645144,0.0001502396,0.00000588399,0.00007446515,0.045370564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946144,0.0013013193,0.000055963683,0.0003887318,0.00034528642,0.000016275892,0.0000010815494,0.000005507063,0.003271391],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99890727,0.00039614193,0.000092662245,0.00012763539,0.00030362097,0.00017266357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99919647,0.00042960522,0.00004658678,0.00006177354,0.00023497216,0.000030602405],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00087231805,0.00006291129,0.00012677818,0.000009942707,0.008501382,0.00017311187,0.00010662296,0.000053801763,0.00003546147],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005556183,0.000048362454,0.000047892874,0.00028309712,0.0008794657,0.00017955313,0.00012062299,0.00024976558,0.000010520116],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000015255317,0.000051681935,0.27379206,0.000017522647,0.00054880104,0.000006323574,0.42588487,8.421144e-7,0.0000071598142,0.2872108,0.011970606,0.0005078184],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00016204869,0.000006947826,0.32230696,0.000011326049,0.00006602567,9.880785e-7,0.65631795,4.1064513e-7,0.0000024719002,0.007834878,0.013217195,0.000072801064],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009911736,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.015006682,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2793759,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090517795,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001279153,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9927894},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4388131275","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2023.2274051","title":"Historical Thinking in the Classroom: A Multiple-Case Study","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Historical thinking; Critical thinking; Discipline; Sociology; Mathematics education; Pedagogy; Cognitively Guided Instruction; Teaching method; Social studies; Constructivist teaching methods; Epistemology; Psychology; Social science","score_opus":0.39948227680464343,"score_gpt":0.47940557055144717,"score_spread":0.07992329374680374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4388131275","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95082057,0.0012758108,0.000001266178,0.038081616,0.0013195698,0.00042980106,7.1485744e-7,0.00015398975,0.007916682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99596167,0.00011606652,0.0000048250345,0.00028915683,0.0015440149,0.00012816384,1.9144554e-7,0.000009717366,0.0019462196],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9975126,0.0011113777,0.00022074589,0.0001915498,0.0005529905,0.0004107384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99750453,0.002200119,0.000071173665,0.00013350311,0.000059833197,0.000030823285],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003955357,0.000108504384,0.00023806727,0.000066572706,0.006429582,0.000050840503,0.00044711615,0.00006149276,0.000006608793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0013958196,0.00006455565,0.00010039673,0.0010248282,0.00042819118,0.00004873429,0.000099924975,0.00035956543,0.000045365494],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005275583,0.00013013718,0.020453142,0.0000029857893,0.000041965293,0.00021217535,0.93915176,0.0000015683748,3.3574673e-7,0.003916607,0.03465065,0.0014333848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019436769,0.000040281728,0.0056513865,0.000003187085,0.000029573308,0.00000296785,0.8894424,0.0000013398478,2.6116638e-8,0.0040754373,0.1004764,0.00008261893],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.023550991,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.045000747,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06582575,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008229444,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00010243273,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9948639},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4400580445","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2024.2374285","title":"Weighing the Evidence: Historians-in-training in the Elementary Classroom","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"Assumption University","funders":"","keywords":"Training (meteorology); Mathematics education; Psychology; Pedagogy; Medical education; Geography; Medicine; Meteorology","score_opus":0.37167662969714993,"score_gpt":0.4950263739061487,"score_spread":0.12334974420899875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4400580445","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.23790202,0.1297726,0.000009215426,0.5350686,0.013457761,0.00074237614,0.00000463223,0.00019798038,0.08284487],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99128616,0.0020182654,0.000010984439,0.0011522516,0.0042331694,0.000090123474,3.6305477e-7,0.00001008417,0.0011986099],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99772584,0.00090361445,0.0002386381,0.00020494776,0.0004979487,0.00042903487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99689054,0.00289293,0.00004515928,0.000120020064,0.000030752813,0.000020575284],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051190765,0.00011467065,0.00018578382,0.000049349608,0.0028006716,0.00011502833,0.0005943965,0.000059145357,0.000036836682],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00064632396,0.000058812064,0.00010555161,0.00066832616,0.0008895628,0.00012916997,0.000059940703,0.00056892284,0.000024972494],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000043136256,0.000010337389,0.00064998574,0.000010356206,0.00003509755,0.000007720373,0.8857697,9.959977e-7,0.0000025955883,0.07232677,0.028635263,0.012546848],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000033375192,0.000011211041,0.0009278277,0.000066501525,0.000024395345,2.1342048e-7,0.61771333,0.0000016758253,1.304238e-7,0.015343557,0.3658152,0.00006257641],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0074182744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03724721,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7533841,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009226473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003813517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9991914},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4401053612","doi":"10.1080/00377996.2024.2381533","title":"The Affective Dimensions of Historical Empathy: Opportunities, Problems, and Challenges","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Social Studies","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council","keywords":"Empathy; Social studies; Psychology; Mathematics education; Sociology; Social psychology; Cognitive psychology","score_opus":0.4766797113681246,"score_gpt":0.42784400572591175,"score_spread":0.048835705642212845,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4401053612","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.0315191,0.73129314,0.0000016903178,0.19943692,0.0025077322,0.00026110496,0.0000056906842,0.00013915448,0.034835495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.85407203,0.14053161,0.00000404889,0.00003934956,0.00070477003,0.000040537267,1.8511143e-7,0.000007949746,0.0045995354],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","domain_scores_codex":[0.99902266,0.00030849798,0.00012415576,0.0001229689,0.00022638835,0.00019533116],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982472,0.0015212215,0.000043596916,0.000063296626,0.000085805426,0.00003888885],"candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001076344,0.00007574853,0.00016885497,0.000021777181,0.002988152,0.000025967904,0.00012132902,0.000048447466,0.0000029874655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00033650175,0.00003794682,0.00006208256,0.00011376827,0.0013128312,0.000037184553,0.000062111256,0.00014658616,0.000002356843],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000030254862,0.000015598569,0.000014632223,0.000033023225,0.00011588803,0.0000012012895,0.6908605,6.4319224e-8,0.0000018439316,0.25272962,0.017250447,0.03897416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000020443711,0.000030198891,0.00016277506,0.000016886743,0.000036964346,2.04892e-7,0.37254092,3.6238993e-7,3.4360264e-7,0.013057964,0.6140914,0.00004156233],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0014336542,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0028955105,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8225529,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00036213186,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00016361254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.99830985},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}