{"meta":{"query_hash":"47476799d5e8","filters":{"venue":"Whiteness and Education"},"cohort_total":7,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":7,"exported":7,"export_cap":100000,"truncated":false,"label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"permalink":"https://metacan.xera.ac/q/47476799d5e8","api":"https://metacan.xera.ac/api/v1/cohort?venue=Whiteness+and+Education"},"results":[{"id":"W3037803769","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2020.1784038","title":"Education as a site for the Imperial project to preserve whiteness supremacy from the colonial era to the present: a critical analysis of international education policy in Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Colonialism; White supremacy; Political science; Public administration; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Racism","score_opus":0.02098969783576973,"score_gpt":0.3764135005326022,"score_spread":0.3554238026968325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3037803769","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.60935783,0.00042411307,0.00003175077,0.38683096,0.0017621686,0.0010106942,0.00015888747,0.0000042917086,0.00041931125],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98604274,0.000105870764,0.000115037365,0.008799205,0.003400149,0.00093510165,0.00017732318,0.000008778444,0.0004157734],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9985712,0.00015356396,0.0003176295,0.00028029914,0.0004257111,0.00025160032],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99832886,0.000532327,0.00010761954,0.000227658,0.0006336806,0.00016984322],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003530567,0.00012250197,0.00017579329,0.00013289905,0.00048376172,0.0002200595,0.00057049043,0.000051808136,0.000053493917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0021944533,0.00006940549,0.00007649965,0.0016232292,0.0000979484,0.0001741989,0.00009351252,0.00009421678,0.0000024391322],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00077440834,0.001030871,0.15602182,0.00008797293,0.0005103419,1.1797576e-7,0.4144911,0.005217158,0.0002840302,0.099481724,0.19219536,0.12990512],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00011898556,0.000038728398,0.48914963,0.000038996594,0.00018400182,4.973511e-7,0.06719982,0.0007713888,0.000022707705,0.0013508077,0.4409828,0.00014165885],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9035958,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.37803176,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00047840574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.020384958,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9851686},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3162538741","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2021.1920046","title":"‘I wanted to be white’: understanding power asymmetries of whiteness and racialisation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Autoethnography; Sociology; White (mutation); Colonisation; Power (physics); Ideology; Normative; Gender studies; White supremacy; Power structure; Critical theory; Racism; Aesthetics; Ethnography; Epistemology; Anthropology; Political science; History; Law; Politics; Art; Philosophy; Archaeology","score_opus":0.05237807188501633,"score_gpt":0.37028797004519814,"score_spread":0.31790989816018184,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3162538741","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95678014,0.00037844793,0.0029707842,0.029339492,0.0010997134,0.00019555341,0.0000083120085,0.000026375033,0.009201213],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99768513,0.00013671596,0.0005291069,0.0005177703,0.00014505973,0.000022479053,0.00002625142,0.000010561896,0.0009269301],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9988931,0.00019853404,0.00021550295,0.000247557,0.0002488723,0.00019643817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989577,0.00024248485,0.000072522955,0.00014416256,0.0004191407,0.0001639726],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00069280056,0.000093535295,0.00015907426,0.000170717,0.0004233203,0.00015743337,0.00006617497,0.0000905251,0.00016350701],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0014129261,0.0001019398,0.000022599257,0.0007348618,0.00023713017,0.00033163888,0.00003404106,0.000058774127,0.0000018572158],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004257926,0.0002424809,0.024892984,0.00009422315,0.000015596257,4.6183374e-7,0.16723986,0.0000069069742,0.002369157,0.78317785,0.00060199335,0.021315906],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001823297,0.00004353274,0.053471774,0.00014116504,0.00004956021,0.000004152006,0.83687776,0.000010752358,0.0017526457,0.09881328,0.008404135,0.00024890614],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00022743318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009808609,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.68436456,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00016710098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00062184484,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4156984},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3179229008","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2021.1946842","title":"Seeing whiteness as property through Métis teachers’ K-12 stories of racism","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Racism; Critical race theory; Scholarship; Sociology; Government (linguistics); Democracy; Gender studies; White (mutation); Institutional racism; Race (biology); Political science; Politics; Law","score_opus":0.02872702925097959,"score_gpt":0.37125449991881415,"score_spread":0.34252747066783457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W3179229008","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95158654,0.0012159558,0.00033503014,0.009680949,0.0017289199,0.00017263065,0.0000026911237,0.00003725199,0.035240024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.98432285,0.00035528987,0.0008333383,0.00024133612,0.00041949737,0.00005124407,0.000021396383,0.000013059358,0.013741973],"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987274,0.00028451715,0.00021388748,0.00025785647,0.00026714118,0.00024919206],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99898,0.0001645598,0.00008566469,0.00020836004,0.0004617518,0.000099702316],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006127724,0.00010182769,0.00016849983,0.000041272047,0.0004681809,0.000109300876,0.00011530207,0.00010881025,0.00034975368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0011628828,0.000087279754,0.000037334885,0.00032422013,0.00029439296,0.0005327322,0.000037970203,0.000099155965,0.000012553138],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020688809,0.0005696547,0.01733355,0.00013314799,0.000021645776,0.0000012787726,0.5352409,0.000009060518,0.003352287,0.27437934,0.0008444228,0.16809405],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001884818,0.000036981313,0.027753098,0.00021827589,0.0000639356,0.000011121997,0.71575105,0.0000056987665,0.004915465,0.10554316,0.14520203,0.00031070033],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0028661352,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0012303777,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1805102,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001221979,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0014030439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.43327582},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4281705429","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2022.2072760","title":"Racism plays a disappearing act: discourses of denial in one anti-discrimination campaign in higher education","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":true,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Regina","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Racism; Denial; Sociology; Innocence; Narrative; Disadvantaged; Action (physics); Gender studies; Political science; Media studies; Criminology; Law; Psychology","score_opus":0.0408868146175238,"score_gpt":0.3617428689642257,"score_spread":0.3208560543467019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4281705429","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9851625,0.00033115043,0.00001561151,0.0082198465,0.0014966602,0.00032136994,0.000003941142,0.000012823524,0.0044361036],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99787146,0.000053028136,0.00011520716,0.00008491728,0.00026996734,0.00024981415,0.000049275353,0.000010616654,0.0012957385],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9987083,0.0003090182,0.00026723597,0.00022296788,0.00028734127,0.0002050998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994794,0.00014594797,0.000107948195,0.00012757524,0.0000747345,0.00006440646],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00084478565,0.000082963474,0.00014678965,0.00031135554,0.00026563279,0.000050077047,0.00013638838,0.000051664734,0.00040712746],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00020292685,0.00009909548,0.0000215494,0.0005740141,0.00013091022,0.00039899477,0.000045299217,0.00014442774,0.0000019323265],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007587368,0.0038658162,0.21208352,0.00015256084,0.000005816129,3.8031453e-7,0.19524427,0.00025298647,0.0027662416,0.4668137,0.00015727467,0.118581556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00019278436,0.000027014947,0.7329083,0.00012644565,0.000018198612,9.912725e-7,0.21728998,0.000028715354,0.000131326,0.047840834,0.0012746804,0.00016070734],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0037537264,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002296072,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5208248,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00038711575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00097060227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5674536},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4306968918","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2022.2136106","title":"Whiteness and damage in the education classroom","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Complicity; Racism; White (mutation); Oppression; Agency (philosophy); Indigenous; Sociology; Colonialism; Consciousness; Gender studies; White supremacy; Criminology; Political science; Psychology; Politics; Law; Social science","score_opus":0.012295798460995452,"score_gpt":0.34297235646883195,"score_spread":0.3306765580078365,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4306968918","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.95552164,0.00070601504,0.000018412231,0.02877645,0.0012985253,0.0003329492,0.0000030386348,0.00001789741,0.013325072],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958129,0.00013606792,0.000079033416,0.0013226982,0.00033130182,0.00041978835,0.000033163,0.000008281462,0.0018567962],"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","domain_scores_codex":[0.99858254,0.0005934708,0.00015218099,0.0002209588,0.0002544602,0.00019639843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993728,0.0002431133,0.000053561478,0.00017693093,0.00008088088,0.00007275787],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0014823898,0.000079345344,0.000084025705,0.00012864696,0.000971695,0.00016613961,0.00019135707,0.00004052539,0.00021375189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00025604005,0.00007298105,0.000014844067,0.0004944788,0.00017551107,0.00026532295,0.00004628766,0.00016539858,0.000003688468],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000020475343,0.0008540224,0.05531953,0.000041202024,0.000002938898,3.1078565e-7,0.18420158,0.000013982786,0.00012543156,0.54172105,0.0026943837,0.21500507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008695494,0.000024503312,0.20220248,0.000017231829,0.00001500582,0.0000060638185,0.5956394,0.000023099074,0.0000047922313,0.11020256,0.091645524,0.00013236314],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0016760423,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0016522378,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4315185,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00015595909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00094813114,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.74735904},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4386010762","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2023.2249904","title":"“Do white parents feel the same?”: Latin American and Black Caribbean parents fighting for participation in partnership-oriented education","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Parental Involvement in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Latin Americans; General partnership; White (mutation); Negotiation; Gender studies; Sociology; Critical race theory; Qualitative research; Battle; Political science; Racism; Pedagogy; Social science; Law; Geography","score_opus":0.06781029111971028,"score_gpt":0.3940307909273916,"score_spread":0.32622049980768136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4386010762","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.99235797,0.00013176425,0.00004131655,0.004601045,0.0010318103,0.00085262075,0.000012076273,0.000054780576,0.00091664615],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99629784,0.00026553034,0.00013249411,0.00027631246,0.0003880952,0.00093129027,0.00045802238,0.0000168882,0.0012335159],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.9984543,0.00023373419,0.0003159155,0.00035920733,0.00025918087,0.0003776601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990562,0.00020328422,0.00023947876,0.00018277345,0.00018349575,0.00013472192],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00085456495,0.0001428708,0.00015169587,0.00019203576,0.00060478883,0.00020110748,0.00012841412,0.00006257595,0.000011302726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00042216596,0.0001293165,0.000028643319,0.0009667414,0.0002546116,0.00033352742,0.00003668843,0.00008611346,0.000009613682],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.000016029566,0.0003691553,0.8556162,0.000049967297,0.000007895536,3.04996e-8,0.08325807,0.000043937063,0.00005498932,0.0034703363,0.0020596026,0.055053793],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001523907,0.000028119312,0.7785214,0.0000966359,0.000025673387,8.529716e-8,0.20941204,0.0006211961,0.00003838663,0.0026867865,0.008264486,0.00015276848],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005067685,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0078088585,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.12615398,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001870524,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00049203803,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7660858},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4408018880","doi":"10.1080/23793406.2025.2463016","title":"Learning out of place: white affect in academia","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Whiteness and Education","topic":"Critical Race Theory in Education","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"route_ca_aff":true,"route_ca_fund":false,"route_ca_venue":false,"route_about_ca":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Affect (linguistics); White (mutation); White paper; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Communication; Chemistry","score_opus":0.012689036026025476,"score_gpt":0.39288619759225185,"score_spread":0.38019716156622635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","prediction":{"id":"W4408018880","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated","genre_scores_codex":[0.9607525,0.00023068151,0.00009031507,0.0072369794,0.0008119575,0.00013482303,3.3070168e-7,0.000015889815,0.030726561],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926628,0.00010523215,0.00007274028,0.00012316655,0.000093250805,0.000029931267,0.000003951501,0.000003173806,0.0069057792],"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","domain_scores_codex":[0.99931663,0.00020588482,0.00013311468,0.000121381665,0.00009291072,0.00013009034],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99954957,0.0002350515,0.000039844817,0.00006247996,0.000073589596,0.000039437014],"candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008492921,0.00004735092,0.0000914731,0.00013468791,0.00012928457,0.00002697734,0.00007189079,0.00018212084,0.00006424062],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009282126,0.000050670198,0.000014163936,0.00030637864,0.00012324138,0.00013309241,0.000014778746,0.00025852493,0.0000049087757],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003396055,0.00021192955,0.4708682,0.00015390023,0.000005622517,7.586653e-8,0.14053148,0.00013893499,0.00066163886,0.23422024,0.00081525283,0.15235876],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00024733244,0.000034229182,0.6082002,0.00045642024,0.000029412957,1.5266991e-7,0.3126532,0.00015533528,0.000351197,0.054779634,0.022907233,0.00018565007],"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00026769208,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006034187,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1794406,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000090460715,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00048623173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.20662707},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}