{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1254,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":3,"predictions_cover":1254,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12"},"query_hash":"db9fd1f3ad38","filters":{"topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development"}},"results":[{"id":"W2062128947","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00309-5","title":"Applications of solid-phase microextraction in food analysis","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":1109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Chromatography; Chemistry; Analyte; Sample preparation; Fiber; Mass spectrometry; Gas chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0335585382478147,"gpt":0.3958310734902359,"spread":0.3622725352424212,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005230461,0.0003884364,0.002820806,0.001582408,0.00002955694,0.00002005218,0.0005563584,0.0004563665,0.001041232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005034974,0.0003361184,0.002859699,0.003270949,0.0001073772,0.00008535854,0.00003199093,0.0008148261,0.000003721151],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001619087,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003995859,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000264903,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002551755,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963242,0.00008340915,0.002578297,0.0002850921,0.0004723034,0.0002567388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996253,0.0003289279,0.0026156,0.000452353,0.0001671108,0.0001830627],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003511148,0.001211666,0.00005576494,0.01868501,0.008912087,0.00004758184,0.00004687327,0.000005872555,0.0004772877,0.00001355285,0.000104927,0.9704043],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000569184,0.00004346414,0.000004444891,0.004965073,0.00792289,0.0002508693,0.00003309047,0.000006933437,0.001854755,0.0001635888,0.9838451,0.0003405681],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001134614,0.9857076,0.01232111,0.000005842277,0.00001842214,0.000119223,0.0001421679,0.00001154342,0.001560644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0005048242,0.9907787,0.008397377,0.00000387959,0.0001327545,0.00003681354,0.00005721395,0.0000353,0.00005315042],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9837402,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999091,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2012641241","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00535-5","title":"Evolution of solid-phase microextraction technology","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":784,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Perspective (graphical); Chemistry; Phase (matter); Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Materials science; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0281403852570521,"gpt":0.3800908739156139,"spread":0.3519504886585618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004256224,0.0004424167,0.00238072,0.001076504,0.00004549884,0.00001367597,0.0006008426,0.0009273405,0.0009840729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001468138,0.0003691697,0.00169443,0.001190361,0.0002432104,0.0001039661,0.00004726651,0.001111389,0.00001023902],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000338685,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007268341,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001272635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.482627e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966547,0.00006116535,0.002237925,0.0002667378,0.0004703238,0.0003091517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9959496,0.0001801764,0.003030737,0.0004162247,0.0002648649,0.0001583485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006166258,0.0007271345,0.00001625001,0.02641508,0.001603501,0.0001596739,0.00001582373,7.577839e-7,0.006840538,0.00005477614,0.0006601326,0.9634447],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006107485,0.00007179952,6.293418e-7,0.01718353,0.001848781,0.002794052,0.00003914565,0.000002791045,0.008536914,0.0005911677,0.9679888,0.0003316044],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001682712,0.9941719,0.003742984,0.00001298265,0.0001036077,0.00007325241,0.00005522344,0.00003356218,0.001638282],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002377509,0.9890848,0.01025541,0.000002173005,0.0002456128,0.000008069342,0.00001302855,0.00005000777,0.000103114],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9673287,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2767489832","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04502","title":"Advances in Solid Phase Microextraction and Perspective on Future Directions","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":730,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biography; Chemistry; German; Copernicus; Library science; Art history; Archaeology; History; Computer science; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01986466047531641,"gpt":0.3912864510820651,"spread":0.3714217906067486,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001690227,0.0002901978,0.0003577425,0.00002973271,0.0003328175,0.0001342815,0.0003081311,0.000278341,0.001168971],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008964935,0.0002842044,0.0001105072,0.00008034465,0.0003293439,0.0002393811,0.0001109782,0.0006935181,0.0000197973],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004266469,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006873727,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002250494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009893742,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983393,0.00001100867,0.0003251774,0.0006732574,0.0002628397,0.000388446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986659,0.0001623341,0.000164806,0.0006372993,0.0001044831,0.0002651391],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001474552,0.003804529,0.01256005,0.001402186,0.0004523779,0.0007512799,0.0007330059,0.00001821457,0.8256749,0.005324745,0.0008719863,0.1469322],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003303434,0.00003841007,0.001519138,0.0003090294,0.0001631637,0.0001122993,0.00271936,0.00322249,0.8722122,0.004588286,0.1107857,0.001026564],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2587758,0.001550841,0.0006387151,0.004434643,0.0001236758,0.00008340003,0.00004361551,0.0001410734,0.7342082],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9910195,0.001803299,0.0008365022,0.00007180605,0.0007389477,0.0000235906,0.00001901092,0.00003159157,0.005455789],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7322437,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999961,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2076558070","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2011.645413","title":"Past, Present, and Future of Solid Phase Extraction: A Review","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":478,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Guelph","keywords":"Solid phase extraction; Sample preparation; Process engineering; Computer science; Extraction (chemistry); Automation; Chromatography; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1296587654161961,"gpt":0.4893540347792397,"spread":0.3596952693630436,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001973174,0.001322959,0.007179184,0.00007894629,0.00006466563,0.00003734031,0.0008829758,0.001361829,0.01209812],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002287791,0.001078119,0.00148464,0.0008217052,0.0008797921,0.0001584962,0.0005010602,0.002525672,0.00009350655],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003956576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003257816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001136313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.051014e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9922144,0.0002809257,0.004161775,0.001380747,0.0007897447,0.001172393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942831,0.002040577,0.0007552492,0.00152694,0.0002007858,0.001193358],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007073194,0.0004618805,0.000001356287,0.4188842,0.0000988375,0.00005500008,0.000003628697,3.225869e-9,0.00002431341,0.0001325478,0.002337649,0.5779935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002801439,0.000008810413,8.804946e-8,0.1076769,0.003875776,0.0003325174,0.00001141707,0.00002679769,0.0001640999,0.0001069133,0.8866583,0.0008582512],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[1.388447e-7,0.9698467,0.0002954416,0.0006788917,0.00008442649,0.0004333907,0.0001560857,0.00004742618,0.02845752],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000001661785,0.9907257,0.002643346,0.0001039512,0.004186951,0.0003249949,0.0002183106,0.0001128351,0.001682266],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8843206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999522,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2068966336","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00836-0","title":"Microextraction of drugs","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":470,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Sample preparation; Chromatography; Solvent extraction; Chemistry; Extraction (chemistry); Computer science; Data science; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03139424604156086,"gpt":0.3358621653742028,"spread":0.3044679193326419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004865244,0.0004186005,0.002386231,0.0003946609,0.00003060243,0.00002451758,0.000563328,0.0004989589,0.002474404],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007313669,0.0003293805,0.002470469,0.0005536378,0.000133643,0.00009221338,0.00003427294,0.0009004991,0.00001162871],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001174184,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004852021,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000151775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.959589e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967608,0.0000708338,0.002117823,0.0002148059,0.000585339,0.0002503687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961678,0.0003580724,0.00275712,0.0003494797,0.0001737002,0.0001937766],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002321436,0.0001902184,0.000007172697,0.03441042,0.001349913,0.00006807503,0.00004607734,1.751828e-7,0.0004080731,0.00000984555,0.0008575298,0.9626293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002086807,0.00001697045,8.556239e-7,0.0201111,0.001567945,0.0009928383,0.00002799099,3.406004e-7,0.002624903,0.0001064462,0.9740714,0.0002705253],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00005260799,0.983718,0.0002170584,0.000006048403,0.00009297963,0.00004606226,0.00002285601,0.00001418246,0.01583014],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00002373567,0.989244,0.01009194,0.000005442233,0.000294507,0.000003642941,0.00001257165,0.00005087454,0.00027327],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9732139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999158,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1980416814","doi":"10.1021/ac026162q","title":"Thin-Film Microextraction","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":462,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Norges Forskningsråd","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Extraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Chemistry; Analyte; Sample preparation; Membrane; Matrix (chemical analysis); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Detection limit; Gas chromatography; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02388937178267927,"gpt":0.2902248754982894,"spread":0.2663355037156102,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003828152,0.0003854739,0.0003989871,0.00002127689,0.0001363509,0.00007654447,0.0003466835,0.0004168119,0.03025752],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001373106,0.0003844331,0.0002688167,0.0002746834,0.0002030843,0.0001028772,0.00006957709,0.0007241218,0.0003606614],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002963057,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001809715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005280488,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.040774e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975172,0.00002499102,0.0005689353,0.0007161882,0.0005071355,0.0006655437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982812,0.0002894301,0.0001266719,0.0006867754,0.0001293515,0.0004866005],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000644962,0.0005340288,0.00548329,0.0007043215,0.0003805371,0.0001945807,0.00005515095,0.00008002057,0.9809193,0.004065322,0.006620412,0.0008985319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003988956,0.000003082896,0.00004443387,0.00003729836,0.0001059688,0.0001332348,0.0001632582,0.002443742,0.8714766,0.0016469,0.1230525,0.0004941327],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0725577,0.0001706956,0.00951575,0.0003010425,0.00006048753,0.00003604008,0.00001137159,0.0002691011,0.9170778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8953329,0.00004124499,0.01086721,0.0002621287,0.0002785361,0.00002175419,0.00006113083,0.00007292437,0.09306217],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8240156,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998608,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990889920","doi":"10.1007/s00216-008-2375-3","title":"Recent developments in solid-phase microextraction","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":373,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Automation; Bioanalysis; Sample preparation; Process engineering; Computer science; Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Materials science; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Engineering; Mechanical engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07843963959176767,"gpt":0.4098104621257507,"spread":0.331370822533983,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003885118,0.001446426,0.003686303,0.0002021671,0.000168657,0.0001309136,0.0007248442,0.001877914,0.003447747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001091597,0.001232726,0.0007989048,0.001118076,0.000761663,0.0001190673,0.0005388893,0.002349548,0.0001728854],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001057711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009742714,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009885187,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002293605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931616,0.00007526136,0.00255426,0.001985855,0.0008602538,0.001362756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99661,0.000806436,0.0004814359,0.0008125784,0.0001714006,0.001118091],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000557246,0.0009099217,0.00003617878,0.01220482,0.0006815542,0.0008858875,0.00001361414,1.865514e-7,0.0001649675,0.00004726861,0.0004892359,0.9845107],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00096261,0.00001391772,0.0000022085,0.004249031,0.0009621879,0.0008814954,0.00003135018,0.0004686959,0.001189933,0.00007376808,0.9896967,0.001468118],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00006818143,0.9646702,0.0001372413,0.000133223,0.00004956632,0.0001836997,0.00009228048,0.0001329543,0.03453267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00007965109,0.9909163,0.001167133,0.00006868392,0.0003425383,0.00007167867,0.0005559861,0.0001222016,0.006675881],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9892074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1982370151","doi":"10.1038/nprot.2009.179","title":"Protocol for solid-phase microextraction method development","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Protocols","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":337,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Sample preparation; Computer science; Protocol (science); Sample (material); Chromatography; Process engineering; Extraction (chemistry); Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Medicine","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05197868350479831,"gpt":0.510629054238198,"spread":0.4586503707333998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001119016,0.0004132035,0.0004049807,0.00006302003,0.0002374165,0.0001151946,0.0005224547,0.001154512,0.00195345],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001005712,0.0003606137,0.0001697704,0.0001678491,0.00005827107,0.0001341017,0.0001114874,0.002006558,0.00003778756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000181631,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005470417,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001074651,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005103319,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974938,0.0000312547,0.0007013133,0.0007333172,0.0004610073,0.0005792843],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980899,0.0003423062,0.0003338396,0.0005730184,0.0003848764,0.0002760461],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006712007,0.0005819605,0.00008945543,0.001237893,0.00006624112,0.000006351874,0.00005591927,6.069383e-7,0.9307297,0.0003568002,0.0019491,0.06425478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002360116,0.00001919576,0.00001273779,0.00007835108,0.000008100222,0.00001893899,0.000007105466,0.0001440651,0.5191204,0.0005575999,0.4774214,0.0002519248],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"protocol","genre_gemma":"protocol","genre_scores_codex":[0.00008925943,6.165012e-7,0.233686,0.0002076403,0.00005622051,0.7554291,0.00001758245,0.000252035,0.01026149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00008275828,7.465702e-9,0.453342,0.00009976837,0.0002687592,0.5439728,0.00002164291,0.00003824354,0.002174036],"genre_candidate":"protocol","genre_consensus":"protocol","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4754723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998846,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W817004456","doi":"10.1016/j.trac.2015.04.016","title":"A critical review of the state of the art of solid-phase microextraction of complex matrices I. Environmental analysis","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":335,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Maxxam (Canada); University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Complex matrix; Computer science; Perspective (graphical); Sample preparation; Environmental analysis; Data science; Nanotechnology; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.09605603027742714,"gpt":0.4393951010985111,"spread":0.3433390708210839,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001128155,0.0006734171,0.004322842,0.0001599596,0.00003017277,0.000007472026,0.001441654,0.0004861248,0.004739527],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009986071,0.0004417502,0.00283027,0.002343839,0.001476291,0.00005100756,0.0004303068,0.001083393,0.000003286756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004211676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003844331,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001095042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002069461,"domain_scores_codex":[0.993634,0.0002255591,0.00366117,0.0006921535,0.00133991,0.0004471783],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9949492,0.0008743282,0.002175673,0.001602719,0.0001798285,0.0002182316],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001482774,0.005196508,0.0002918871,0.6059974,0.006671787,0.00002834707,0.00008632969,0.00003289291,0.02373694,0.00002840647,0.002637034,0.3551442],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002992683,0.00009467667,0.0003442782,0.1687334,0.0907678,0.0002170636,0.0002005867,0.002508913,0.2878514,0.0003867485,0.4430227,0.002879826],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004673573,0.9848685,0.0001761486,0.0001164531,0.00003391111,0.0001758248,0.003065667,0.00001403605,0.01108212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.01036386,0.9841593,0.001059615,0.00001763059,0.00005514144,0.00002880702,0.0004800354,0.00006632883,0.003769261],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4403856,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998034,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2123604609","doi":"10.1093/chromsci/38.7.270","title":"Theory of Solid-Phase Microextraction","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chromatographic Science","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":315,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Chemistry; Diffusion; TRACE (psycholinguistics); Phase (matter); Chromatography; Thermodynamics; Biological system; Organic chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02224105386101847,"gpt":0.3512486227737495,"spread":0.329007568912731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001963244,0.0001205544,0.0002801713,0.0002105215,0.00009688429,0.00002588536,0.0006160734,0.00006891339,0.00390935],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003191837,0.00009786814,0.0001851233,0.0008974895,0.0009717372,0.0003196929,0.00002733478,0.000253613,0.000006070289],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005964708,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003557564,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001202478,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.172718e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980801,0.00002643378,0.0006891299,0.0001733067,0.0007756248,0.0002554082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985793,0.0001771896,0.0004829527,0.0002447858,0.000302253,0.000213466],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009369802,0.0002082935,0.0005127124,0.00004812014,0.0000342962,0.00002490183,0.0001071156,0.000007981531,0.975934,0.000145934,0.00005257691,0.0228304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006621124,0.00005073619,0.001035734,0.0001513975,0.00004527148,0.0005956759,0.0001865828,0.0001119711,0.9923245,0.003020887,0.001693951,0.0001211689],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825518,0.0002299272,0.006575104,0.00006573563,0.00006832141,0.00001650387,0.000003605921,0.0000124805,0.01047652],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9868372,0.0001542917,0.01258063,0.00003181271,0.00007581744,5.887389e-7,2.972513e-7,0.000007718844,0.0003116297],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02270923,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970012,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2702582144","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2017.05.035","title":"Review of geometries and coating materials in solid phase microextraction: Opportunities, limitations, and future perspectives","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":315,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Coating; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Ionic liquid; Extraction (chemistry); Electrospinning; Materials science; Polymer; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.2042349701901954,"gpt":0.4323117208459029,"spread":0.2280767506557075,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008506654,0.0005648906,0.002780001,0.0002504731,0.0001426745,0.0001292328,0.0003848134,0.0003964794,0.0007794255],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002084158,0.0005009754,0.000225754,0.0002149019,0.0004050383,0.0001812893,0.0002411116,0.000524015,0.000002209778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001693135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004755442,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006571437,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002638567,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972182,0.0001083323,0.001415523,0.0006743541,0.0002501307,0.0003334961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969515,0.0008039263,0.001177503,0.0006924793,0.000180697,0.0001938849],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002695217,0.000297385,0.000003345832,0.3928632,0.0009695239,0.00004352817,0.0002880181,8.156182e-10,0.003319937,0.0002734694,0.001083513,0.6008311],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003034601,0.0000169377,0.000002296975,0.0755922,0.00159908,0.0001447539,0.0007980768,0.000001912974,0.001000644,0.0000418301,0.9199913,0.0005075306],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007613449,0.9943244,0.000002956264,0.0006903493,0.00003963014,0.0002313672,0.0002715371,0.00002269889,0.004340939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000119222,0.9966374,0.001710518,0.00005285844,0.0002998917,0.00004438052,0.0003675701,0.00005287131,0.0007152967],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9189078,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2061097678","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2007.07.070","title":"Passive sampling in environmental analysis","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":307,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Health and Safety Executive","keywords":"Sampling (signal processing); Passive sampling; Environmental monitoring; Pollution; Atmosphere (unit); Environmental science; Environmental planning; Biochemical engineering; Environmental resource management; Environmental protection; Environmental engineering; Meteorology; Computer science; Ecology; Telecommunications; Engineering; Geography; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05900884543237541,"gpt":0.3623182823066204,"spread":0.3033094368742451,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008044048,0.0005351234,0.003125505,0.001592626,0.0000381127,0.00004320765,0.0006318853,0.0005816976,0.001374297],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001065163,0.0004381656,0.003465642,0.001829517,0.0001289731,0.00008045093,0.0001006335,0.001288395,0.000008439085],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000482385,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002117651,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001912171,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001237493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960552,0.00007358699,0.00233256,0.0003532701,0.0007429776,0.0004423525],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965982,0.000646878,0.002056096,0.0003737707,0.00003555738,0.0002895374],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002107328,0.0003582725,0.001442565,0.01052464,0.01068422,0.000957694,0.00008163541,0.000006796487,0.00009266468,0.00001231383,0.00005344015,0.9757647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003646344,0.00001542556,0.0001333621,0.008608548,0.009184881,0.0004795392,0.0001061538,0.000005604856,0.0002275511,0.0001045436,0.9801297,0.0006401026],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001555181,0.994047,0.00438968,0.000005036401,0.00005362384,0.00005419771,0.00003235658,0.00001105547,0.001251558],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001768621,0.9778587,0.02158345,0.00001055732,0.000219661,0.000005781826,0.00004290589,0.00004761836,0.00005445554],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9800762,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999807,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2097259216","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2008.08.015","title":"A critical review in calibration methods for solid-phase microextraction","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":295,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Chemistry; Sample preparation; Analyte; Calibration; Chromatography; Matrix (chemical analysis); Extraction (chemistry); Sample (material); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Statistics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1181376190700085,"gpt":0.5042015050618659,"spread":0.3860638859918574,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001052307,0.0009973778,0.003934178,0.0002568268,0.0001423764,0.00008569907,0.0007777288,0.001005628,0.001560694],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00829025,0.0009114479,0.001522442,0.0007591201,0.0002330813,0.0002303327,0.0001802336,0.001321675,0.00003792458],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007961973,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009908869,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003849932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000221116,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9944382,0.0003923659,0.002510855,0.001390551,0.0003756503,0.000892363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936543,0.004072408,0.0005458997,0.001098429,0.000209074,0.0004199503],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000502117,0.0009880264,3.685829e-7,0.2001955,0.0006892273,0.00005068727,0.00002760938,3.473555e-8,0.003099373,0.0002372819,0.01207562,0.782586],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004273762,0.000023885,5.103137e-8,0.03525775,0.002272044,0.0002923386,0.000005525684,0.001562055,0.0012512,0.0002713942,0.9577168,0.0009195328],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[2.291369e-7,0.9768728,0.01775577,0.0007832451,0.0001099127,0.0007715256,0.0001348265,0.0001219094,0.003449786],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000001803425,0.8799088,0.1169386,0.000330629,0.000318702,0.0005189964,0.0009600058,0.00014744,0.0008750756],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9456412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999352,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2035796501","doi":"10.1021/ac034094h","title":"Sample Preparation:  Quo Vadis?","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":283,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Sample preparation; Process engineering; Automation; Chemistry; Process (computing); Extraction (chemistry); Sample (material); Biochemical engineering; Pooling; Computer science; Chromatography; Artificial intelligence; Engineering","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0310844158069619,"gpt":0.316062671977106,"spread":0.2849782561701441,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003537466,0.0003885227,0.0004340283,0.0000183131,0.0001441821,0.00008545926,0.0003870592,0.0003584862,0.03994775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002945721,0.0003891478,0.0002567809,0.0003129953,0.0002221664,0.00009685541,0.00008694733,0.0004806908,0.0002316668],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002653703,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002380866,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000086599,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.801977e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973639,0.00002672462,0.0006227812,0.0007648334,0.0005575969,0.0006641182],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977754,0.0005869006,0.0001189047,0.0008294393,0.0001410682,0.0005482734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005229545,0.002826254,0.05173079,0.004079862,0.002375135,0.0005396819,0.000540607,0.0002485322,0.8053273,0.08939143,0.03796311,0.004454376],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005227732,0.000007289843,0.00003301902,0.00004045609,0.0001292437,0.00006511205,0.0001489403,0.002642748,0.8093531,0.005488266,0.1809157,0.0006533747],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0455228,0.0001733221,0.04216917,0.0003331079,0.00005082702,0.00005792044,0.00003643508,0.0003094392,0.911347],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9167321,0.00002928836,0.02967955,0.0002653338,0.000346074,0.00004698895,0.0001508057,0.0000725213,0.05267731],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8712093,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2045287507","doi":"10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00200-4","title":"Spiking of performance reference compounds in low density polyethylene and silicone passive water samplers","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":279,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Transportation of Ontario","funders":"","keywords":"Low-density polyethylene; Polyethylene; Chemistry; Silicone; Solvent; Aqueous solution; Polymer; Passive sampling; Semipermeable membrane; Methanol; Chromatography; Membrane; Environmental chemistry; Calibration; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02905841091513131,"gpt":0.239179305297277,"spread":0.2101208943821457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001154103,0.0001968224,0.0003359628,0.000008838845,0.0000472864,0.00001498882,0.0001744165,0.0001674682,0.00246989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006888947,0.0001682316,0.00003551111,0.00009353007,0.0001773886,0.00007435807,0.0001482256,0.00029007,0.00001632002],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001232573,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001505813,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003289447,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009448114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987617,0.00001146757,0.0003485185,0.0003441719,0.0001970547,0.0003370488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993711,0.0000908588,0.00008056503,0.000296759,0.00005375614,0.000107008],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004107827,0.000110121,0.05598906,0.0009115258,0.00003639859,0.00001700606,0.0006034548,0.00001207088,0.9301988,0.00002287185,0.00005492958,0.01200261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005064236,0.000007605474,0.004756833,0.0001866585,0.00001231797,0.00001268728,0.0002055075,0.001780327,0.991661,0.00007899279,0.0005624305,0.0002292465],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9812143,0.0001316569,0.0001635896,0.0001497429,0.00001374542,0.00003304869,0.000003318571,0.00002763959,0.01826295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918842,0.000100692,0.00655125,0.00004760452,0.00002160012,0.000005871611,0.00001230627,0.00001643839,0.001359982],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0614621,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.998442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W70559417","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2010.06.020","title":"Fundamentals and applications of needle trap devices","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":276,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Trap (plumbing); Chemistry; Analyte; Extraction (chemistry); Sorbent; Chromatography; Sampling (signal processing); Sample preparation; Adsorption; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Filter (signal processing); Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0170252708348094,"gpt":0.2874666932004009,"spread":0.2704414223655914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001809815,0.0001859076,0.0003059483,0.00005586421,0.00007637047,0.00003505354,0.0003222898,0.0001527805,0.002821717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001117403,0.0001739576,0.00009223467,0.000208119,0.0002812027,0.00007234984,0.0001215077,0.0003202495,0.00001788406],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000220462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006191467,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009946929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001675556,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987622,0.000008770383,0.0003970816,0.0003524281,0.0002272977,0.0002522564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988768,0.0002366728,0.0001251109,0.000479452,0.00006690183,0.0002151056],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001105113,0.0001260446,0.005543794,0.0001700082,0.000125733,6.697671e-7,0.0000731433,3.345581e-8,0.9903857,0.001341999,0.000151406,0.002070398],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004939501,0.00001385721,0.004278785,0.00004183965,0.0002793731,0.00003220992,0.0004690105,0.0008512922,0.9390414,0.002537241,0.05149114,0.0004698621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8643531,0.00002040248,0.0004185848,0.0009880158,0.0000276433,0.0001313565,0.00005123418,0.00009500921,0.1339146],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9853056,0.0000300111,0.01285533,0.0001053124,0.0001051391,0.00002576288,0.00002753631,0.00002072627,0.001524604],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1323901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980898,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2762733455","doi":"10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.039","title":"An insight into the adsorption of diclofenac on different biochars: Mechanisms, surface chemistry, and thermodynamics","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresource Technology","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":268,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des relations internationales et de la Francophonie","keywords":"Biochar; Adsorption; Chemistry; Manure; Zeta potential; Kinetics; Chicken manure; Particle size; Chemical engineering; Specific surface area; Environmental chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Fertilizer; Pyrolysis; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry; Catalysis; Physical chemistry; Agronomy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01422163048996781,"gpt":0.2665450545512203,"spread":0.2523234240612525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001950405,0.0002749578,0.0003163352,0.00002772344,0.0002543887,0.00004671846,0.001065065,0.0005057799,0.0001390637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002622317,0.0001914775,0.00005723948,0.00006931932,0.0008400678,0.00003155302,0.0004098252,0.0003835944,0.000004199455],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000946828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002439763,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003220095,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006745,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986891,0.00002095474,0.000295081,0.0004798435,0.0002374617,0.0002775408],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99788,0.00007732044,0.0003259516,0.00156343,0.00005977598,0.00009349476],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004341912,0.0001043433,0.00172725,0.00008111749,0.00004681271,0.000003204762,0.0002218917,0.000002540568,0.9859239,0.002687212,0.000003859837,0.009154449],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003387408,0.0000446522,0.001115924,0.00006928372,0.00003568289,0.000009339392,0.0004036016,0.002748398,0.9873552,0.006774045,0.0008773076,0.0002278729],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9923208,0.0001626814,0.00358803,0.001315474,0.00002036981,0.00007454623,0.00001219257,0.0001530725,0.002352874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957557,0.00009519877,0.00372787,0.00002875812,0.00003289774,0.00001433567,0.0000147742,0.00003207278,0.0002983909],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008926576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7808228,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2081813086","doi":"10.1007/s00216-006-0460-z","title":"SPME in environmental analysis","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":267,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Calibration; Chromatography; Derivatization; Extraction (chemistry); Environmental analysis; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Computer science; Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mathematics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009401309888970436,"gpt":0.2349687495179401,"spread":0.2255674396289697,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003283687,0.0004725918,0.0008182207,0.0001330871,0.00008379994,0.00008927502,0.0003217013,0.0004178993,0.008862723],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001406279,0.0004278602,0.0003969735,0.0009350015,0.0006336351,0.0000867983,0.0002412096,0.0005753812,0.00005160202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002501041,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004819766,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001155551,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001893543,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966642,0.0000216896,0.0008999433,0.001019445,0.0005896016,0.0008051143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986166,0.0003162338,0.0001013792,0.0004942368,0.00002444406,0.0004470844],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002132851,0.001710582,0.8348857,0.0005077061,0.001865922,0.0007864258,0.00002976733,0.000125121,0.1522463,0.003754867,0.000354666,0.003519669],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005308895,0.00005298446,0.1746061,0.0001924753,0.008459577,0.0002455839,0.0008273253,0.3031023,0.4586988,0.01819853,0.02486126,0.005446177],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8454745,0.0004610845,0.00197617,0.0009956354,0.00001318162,0.00006015868,0.00007599503,0.0001375173,0.1508057],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9871294,0.00005211738,0.001476867,0.0000937722,0.0001878215,0.00001074879,0.0001777233,0.00002688237,0.01084462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6602796,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998173,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1990168167","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2011.08.027","title":"Matrix effects in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: A review","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":250,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Matrix (chemical analysis); Inductively coupled plasma; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Ion suppression in liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; Sample preparation; Ion-mobility spectrometry–mass spectrometry; Ion source; Ion; Plasma; Chromatography; Selected reaction monitoring; Tandem mass spectrometry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04641730767270365,"gpt":0.3404212118415832,"spread":0.2940039041688796,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001037673,0.00160543,0.006106566,0.0005248043,0.00007810254,0.00007511241,0.00189682,0.001212859,0.005611985],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002529888,0.001381431,0.001436508,0.002106683,0.0002354954,0.0001363532,0.0004847361,0.0026598,0.000536501],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001377246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009339506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000014622,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004051215,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9935703,0.0002760437,0.002249102,0.001849286,0.0007294894,0.001325782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995095,0.001431264,0.0009540112,0.001816156,0.0001170079,0.0005865227],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008770086,0.001143225,0.00004155053,0.880847,0.005849639,0.0007785268,0.00008059919,2.734275e-8,0.003470074,0.001420155,0.004289909,0.1019915],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005818979,0.00003365021,0.00000522851,0.1214647,0.005918238,0.0001806668,0.0000087775,0.0001288283,0.0003933264,0.0005571565,0.868697,0.002030491],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001616812,0.9673757,0.00006653039,0.0001135601,0.0001020258,0.0008167992,0.00005730319,0.0001813228,0.03127061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003531872,0.976977,0.01765747,0.00009496503,0.0002595113,0.000275459,0.0002907029,0.0002412153,0.004168366],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8644071,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996693,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1998002493","doi":"10.1107/s0909049507042513","title":"Nitrogen<i>K</i>-edge XANES – an overview of reference compounds used to identify `unknown' organic nitrogen in environmental samples","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":248,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"XANES; Nitrogen; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Physics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07624995446054242,"gpt":0.3550284250296116,"spread":0.2787784705690691,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001315779,0.0002289881,0.00051513,0.0002018583,0.00004711339,0.00003214085,0.0003938115,0.0001761774,0.0009021735],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002231521,0.0002275233,0.000128057,0.0002573509,0.0000623925,0.0002927139,0.000066492,0.0003450766,0.0000154911],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008596398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001479007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000202521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003448232,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974211,0.00008102588,0.00124604,0.0002489544,0.0006659198,0.000336949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983635,0.0002441206,0.0007423599,0.0002764353,0.00008405389,0.0002895236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001163909,0.000240787,0.124929,0.0001293255,0.00007499169,0.0000237904,0.0003877984,0.00003327392,0.8699042,0.00004992324,0.00002890409,0.004081547],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001123708,0.0001078908,0.06613123,0.00020305,0.0000920754,0.00009992733,0.0005566714,0.00006767161,0.9278991,0.001256583,0.002161106,0.0003010193],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951706,0.001272259,0.00310449,0.00006242727,0.00005832368,0.00008470341,0.00001896736,0.00001139456,0.0002168687],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9894848,0.0002383076,0.009931436,0.00004781081,0.000196827,0.000002715613,0.00004433238,0.00002911523,0.0000246128],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0587978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9878168,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2036454177","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.004","title":"Applications of polydimethylsiloxane in analytical chemistry: A review","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":238,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Polydimethylsiloxane; Chemistry; Solid-phase microextraction; Sample preparation; Extraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Organic chemistry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05593555947497896,"gpt":0.3650841342266127,"spread":0.3091485747516337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001109336,0.001147321,0.005284285,0.0002414863,0.00005238977,0.00002830868,0.001735309,0.001022847,0.01107977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008066302,0.00102285,0.001518357,0.002093818,0.000391757,0.00009549445,0.0005587307,0.001703173,0.0001980976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006486188,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008470033,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001128702,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001973326,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936596,0.0001398447,0.003043156,0.001228021,0.0008347036,0.001094743],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9948696,0.001028189,0.00104976,0.002239543,0.0001633917,0.0006495255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001376325,0.001120996,0.00002912709,0.478444,0.001636375,0.00001889781,0.0000216707,1.719785e-8,0.0004756718,0.0003130599,0.001271195,0.5166553],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001678332,0.0000041806,8.675184e-7,0.03451334,0.006026712,0.00006946383,0.000008817189,0.00003655208,0.0003501998,0.0000681438,0.9578326,0.0009212545],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000001114829,0.935437,0.00005688251,0.0001619877,0.0000176622,0.0005016866,0.0001517945,0.00007874299,0.06359307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005747746,0.9904161,0.002630047,0.0000729153,0.0002874102,0.0004132079,0.0006857361,0.0001529728,0.005284104],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9565614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992222,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2093986903","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.01.025","title":"Polymer selection for passive sampling: A comparison of critical properties","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemosphere","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":237,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Transportation of Ontario","funders":"","keywords":"Low-density polyethylene; Polymer; Partition coefficient; Polydimethylsiloxane; Polyethylene; Fluoranthene; Chemistry; Pyrene; Acetone; Materials science; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Polymer chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08271862115662279,"gpt":0.3727039186511052,"spread":0.2899852974944824,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001742719,0.0001646614,0.0003079534,0.000006466231,0.00007563326,0.00001403576,0.0001453798,0.0001971428,0.0009695805],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008313876,0.00015039,0.0001083227,0.0001133403,0.0001706309,0.00004002898,0.00004239553,0.0001774604,0.000005694051],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000126222,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008373969,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009473062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004336167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987117,0.000004912402,0.000446206,0.0002799974,0.0002114539,0.000345709],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990187,0.0003497141,0.0001009504,0.0001650999,0.0002407353,0.0001248126],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002219976,0.0002852041,0.006035761,0.001117623,0.00006217878,6.132742e-7,0.0003177176,0.000003684516,0.9776358,0.0005162159,0.0004806906,0.01332251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002938973,0.00001883081,0.00007927047,0.00007289179,0.00004973051,0.000004354355,0.001095814,0.0008763004,0.9938689,0.0002921529,0.003159715,0.000188153],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4415557,0.001068024,0.5341002,0.0006907826,0.0001219192,0.0001876408,0.00001404234,0.0001918018,0.02206995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8936923,9.887301e-7,0.10367,0.00003320948,0.0001477192,0.00002147118,0.000009532318,0.00002490905,0.002399876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4521366,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999437,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085163522","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01084-5","title":"Multiresidue methods using solid-phase extraction techniques for monitoring priority pesticides, including triazines and degradation products, in ground and surface waters","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":231,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Solid phase extraction; Chemistry; Pesticide; Extraction (chemistry); Degradation (telecommunications); Triazine; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Pesticide residue; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1430558503598515,"gpt":0.4869456388263406,"spread":0.343889788466489,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002406779,0.0004960443,0.001799553,0.0004307602,0.0001397526,0.0001437141,0.0001849942,0.0004348619,0.000005607334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007139412,0.0004202611,0.0003188321,0.0004800118,0.0001135075,0.0003791734,0.00006267135,0.0006725375,3.82275e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003130799,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002835986,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001614304,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.575219e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970497,0.0002453915,0.001649666,0.0004397849,0.00028837,0.0003270477],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969832,0.001048497,0.00141834,0.0001945287,0.0001949488,0.0001604377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001197353,0.0001654138,0.0002903811,0.0266898,0.0003554463,0.00004269354,0.0001099177,0.000002593792,0.0250441,0.000002438725,0.000004655707,0.9471728],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005912056,0.0003491539,0.0001459044,0.1142416,0.009061649,0.006728751,0.0005903906,0.001165718,0.5298185,0.001236233,0.3273706,0.003379396],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01763501,0.9492466,0.03243104,0.00001924372,0.0001221047,0.0004703081,0.00001458162,0.00004048792,0.0000205913],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0002201236,0.5289793,0.4705237,8.510148e-7,0.0002115787,0.00001135273,0.00000733555,0.00003695405,0.00000879507],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9437934,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998249,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2044342062","doi":"10.1021/ac0100502","title":"In-Tube Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Selective Determination of Propranolol","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":228,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Molecularly imprinted polymer; Solid-phase microextraction; Chromatography; Chemistry; Detection limit; Analyte; Adsorption; Sample preparation; Linear range; Extraction (chemistry); Solid phase extraction; Selectivity; Mass spectrometry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02184794727737719,"gpt":0.3612393775838218,"spread":0.3393914303064446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003298629,0.0002777948,0.0003787646,0.00003847248,0.00007714549,0.00003078102,0.0003554286,0.0003167667,0.0008902344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009084044,0.0002315563,0.0002369212,0.0003902362,0.000217225,0.0001101535,0.00007283194,0.0004386008,0.000006044389],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002718062,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001618634,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002737254,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002618664,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980311,0.00001820245,0.0006670033,0.0004954332,0.0003325167,0.0004557568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983359,0.0005934975,0.0002151309,0.000431709,0.0002894854,0.0001342553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003429494,0.0003867036,0.0003156599,0.000233545,0.0001135485,0.00002958538,0.0000534226,0.000002485715,0.994772,0.00004691747,0.00004724923,0.003655929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001355413,0.00002200769,0.00004472648,0.00004894964,0.0001701821,0.00007213678,0.0001432084,0.02806875,0.9682876,0.0003767608,0.001156049,0.0002541735],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3347741,0.0003814673,0.6390828,0.002064734,0.00006807378,0.0004598055,0.00005067917,0.0001131841,0.02300506],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.990165,0.00003445233,0.003191035,0.00009667628,0.0001479904,0.0001069631,0.00003719891,0.00003833947,0.006182334],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6553909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9747442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048580781","doi":"10.1002/anie.202005309","title":"Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles: An Emerging Versatile Platform for Cancer Therapy","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":223,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Nanjing University; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Nanotechnology; Molecularly imprinted polymer; Cancer therapy; Materials science; Immunogenicity; Nanomedicine; Cancer; Nanoparticle; Nanomaterials; Drug delivery; Chemistry; Medicine; Immune system; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.08332659100387728,"gpt":0.380558676433382,"spread":0.2972320854295047,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001473776,0.0004946284,0.0007826971,0.00007122834,0.00008596276,0.0001092644,0.0005874939,0.0003747811,0.003457534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001874014,0.0004647533,0.0004982711,0.0001547014,0.00006340181,0.0002622542,0.0001016538,0.0003879638,0.00002480166],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007157206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003416429,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002851088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002542741,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977464,0.00001333883,0.0006861308,0.0006985677,0.0005115737,0.0003439584],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986154,0.0001933532,0.0004338569,0.0002851114,0.0002442231,0.0002279881],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001163654,0.0001677473,0.00000253615,0.003731719,0.001432226,0.00002660556,0.0002369488,4.404461e-7,0.1435331,0.0001493364,0.001308835,0.8492941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002893757,0.000009664109,9.324871e-8,0.001004737,0.0001491367,0.000007316275,0.00003453537,0.00005451348,0.4928891,0.00008259137,0.5051997,0.0002792545],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00004068039,0.9735804,0.01960127,0.0003973139,0.0009435684,0.0003677345,0.001182851,0.0002304282,0.003655704],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001651515,0.9863839,0.002966204,0.000220282,0.003191987,0.0009741574,0.004831849,0.0001296882,0.001136782],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8490149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1973557312","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2014.12.051","title":"Sample preparation with solid phase microextraction and exhaustive extraction approaches: Comparison for challenging cases","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":221,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Solid-phase microextraction; Sample preparation; Chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Sample (material); Solid phase extraction; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.1665459017042099,"gpt":0.4442186585862267,"spread":0.2776727568820168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004532918,0.0008301288,0.002242625,0.0001693648,0.0002811198,0.0001658631,0.0002691837,0.0006185687,0.0001787765],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006454636,0.000702378,0.0003913491,0.0002131005,0.0001953532,0.000203353,0.00007964847,0.0007270052,0.000008569063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004528686,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002355535,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009445546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000108355,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966844,0.00006702689,0.001137223,0.001214583,0.0003366646,0.0005601304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995989,0.002050713,0.0009310293,0.000616604,0.0001313197,0.0002813118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00161599,0.003038325,0.00002114737,0.1345074,0.007119752,0.00003131353,0.0008012415,0.0000146675,0.004541212,0.0008890373,0.001610297,0.8458096],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001259266,0.0002439287,7.97815e-7,0.00611505,0.007299452,0.0004202762,0.000383923,0.02978536,0.003944692,0.0001178154,0.948963,0.001466467],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006795378,0.6110995,0.3707367,0.0004454936,0.000278279,0.004511486,0.0009924448,0.0008893483,0.01036726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.02574484,0.9253491,0.04271677,0.0000217274,0.0008639668,0.0006962561,0.003428684,0.0002520095,0.0009266902],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9473526,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995427,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1976169271","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(00)01025-6","title":"Preparation and applications of polypyrrole films in solid-phase microextraction","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":216,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Polypyrrole; Chemistry; Selectivity; Extraction (chemistry); Scanning electron microscope; Chromatography; Polymer; Capillary action; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mass spectrometry; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Polymerization; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01343155488591894,"gpt":0.3519854583220376,"spread":0.3385539034361187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000255148,0.00009150086,0.0002292597,0.000170572,0.00002493263,0.00001380419,0.00009653535,0.00008746426,0.0002120799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004395363,0.00008693107,0.0001016549,0.0003141101,0.00006618822,0.0001284318,0.00001489146,0.0001657173,6.603044e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002553034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005393261,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005649536,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002525919,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989874,0.00001619644,0.0005944819,0.0001041043,0.0001847196,0.0001130983],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991469,0.00008160211,0.0004579952,0.0001192398,0.0001085758,0.00008566054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000187321,0.0004448318,0.01382039,0.0001266526,0.00007582131,0.00001664158,0.0001677347,0.00001556848,0.9801462,0.00004361696,0.0001164144,0.004838797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002200739,0.00009018978,0.004741365,0.0002144548,0.00008842703,0.000707928,0.0005446429,0.0005518516,0.9815524,0.001363393,0.007756643,0.0001879519],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638212,0.0006026195,0.03208084,0.00006748866,0.00001436526,0.00005134668,0.000004636203,0.0000086726,0.003348863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9867063,0.0002762112,0.0128716,0.00001304018,0.00005557893,0.000007284718,0.0000035562,0.00000760123,0.00005885615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02288511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3544946,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2979390935","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460603","title":"A critical review of molecularly imprinted polymers for the analysis of organic pollutants in environmental water samples","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":207,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency","keywords":"Molecularly imprinted polymer; Chemistry; Chromatography; Solid phase extraction; Extraction (chemistry); Sample preparation; Solid-phase microextraction; Environmental analysis; Adsorption; Molecular imprinting; Polymer; Analyte; Selectivity; Organic chemistry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04306853248838999,"gpt":0.3364041771032347,"spread":0.2933356446148447,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001135823,0.0004290216,0.003785757,0.0005712503,0.00002650818,0.00001537201,0.0008334537,0.0002947042,0.002560664],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005722639,0.0002444572,0.003916482,0.0009848099,0.0002739929,0.00005862745,0.0001330374,0.0005216781,0.000001345901],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001401069,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002558143,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003010023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.388925e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958503,0.0001469264,0.002673113,0.0002933693,0.0006776479,0.0003586344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964392,0.001355158,0.001392239,0.0005702511,0.0001128318,0.0001303114],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001374705,0.0009260242,0.000523844,0.5897489,0.04788291,0.00009048123,0.000213316,8.274654e-7,0.05928106,0.00004706314,0.00004118678,0.3011069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00249677,0.0002885203,0.0004677769,0.400518,0.2100032,0.0008943629,0.0005403098,0.00008153318,0.09999709,0.0002236447,0.2821501,0.002338738],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001342691,0.9951102,0.004078347,0.00005498185,0.00004245351,0.000217031,0.0002950541,0.000003200425,0.00006444816],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001813019,0.9942241,0.003777187,0.00003967907,0.00003298717,0.00001437658,0.00003549088,0.00004675164,0.00001646389],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2987681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983512,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2465620562","doi":"10.1515/pac-2015-0903","title":"Glossary of terms used in extraction (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pure and Applied Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":206,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemical nomenclature; Chemistry; Glossary; Extraction (chemistry); Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Linguistics; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0202215946810876,"gpt":0.2993213084232327,"spread":0.2790997137421452,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001566882,0.0001841268,0.0002554729,0.00001842269,0.00003542082,0.0000117775,0.0001464971,0.00022138,0.002206552],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006343735,0.0001456056,0.00004776193,0.00009722008,0.0001126696,0.00005605733,0.00007536462,0.0001828607,0.000006325393],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009185125,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005367683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002621642,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.506514e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988481,0.000005114825,0.0003928313,0.0003505544,0.000162171,0.0002411641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992393,0.0001963812,0.0001471526,0.0002784303,0.00002280237,0.0001159121],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003276157,0.00008073029,0.002764537,0.0002229102,0.00002454761,0.000002648586,0.00003807801,2.537367e-7,0.9774218,0.00007719176,0.0004857111,0.01884882],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006754599,0.000001594107,0.0002719301,0.0001479421,0.00001831729,0.000009795354,0.0001372472,0.000006942701,0.9904022,0.001915961,0.006207172,0.0002054583],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8015415,0.0001269294,0.003779901,0.001721933,0.00003406364,0.00009116554,0.0001417143,0.00009887368,0.1924639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919069,0.0001238143,0.003268524,0.0000230327,0.00009862833,0.00004104726,0.00004699208,0.00002014485,0.004470876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1903654,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987056,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2072590126","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.061","title":"Solid-phase microextraction in bioanalysis: New devices and directions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":202,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Bioanalysis; Chemistry; Solid-phase microextraction; Sample preparation; Instrumentation (computer programming); Chromatography; Nanotechnology; Biochemical engineering; Resolution (logic); Mass spectrometry; Computer science; Materials science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04148890109578809,"gpt":0.4167749345173223,"spread":0.3752860334215343,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005014336,0.0004607143,0.002162588,0.0009291746,0.00005955772,0.0001038852,0.0003133052,0.000446672,0.0002414354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001454637,0.0003770329,0.001168232,0.001173372,0.00007370036,0.000178972,0.0000354826,0.0009565021,0.0000032359],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000178726,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00050209,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001399698,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001208219,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971582,0.00008611115,0.001774893,0.0003230885,0.0003641302,0.0002936119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972864,0.0002857319,0.001724869,0.000250107,0.0001031984,0.0003496591],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001632191,0.0002964551,0.00005799827,0.005572317,0.001154876,0.0001661248,0.00003452555,2.686505e-7,0.0003048926,0.000004231105,0.0003171069,0.9920749],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006087749,0.00003204665,0.00001955844,0.0137942,0.002760509,0.001480833,0.00005240141,0.000004891879,0.000417123,0.0001592021,0.9802923,0.0003781235],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009906768,0.9977798,0.00077751,0.00004904622,0.00005975524,0.00005780514,0.000008405837,0.00002111862,0.001147505],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00008153835,0.9891676,0.01018198,0.00001739062,0.0003310381,0.000003991904,0.00001205721,0.00003184906,0.0001725989],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9916968,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048869671","doi":"10.1021/ac020695h","title":"UV Vapor Generation for Determination of Selenium by Heated Quartz Tube Atomic Absorption Spectrometry","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":197,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Chemistry; Selenium; Selenide; Detection limit; Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Acetic acid; Mass spectrometry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Formic acid; Hydride; Absorption (acoustics); Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Metal","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02428862811013642,"gpt":0.2914410013088903,"spread":0.2671523731987538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005017696,0.0003620886,0.0005195408,0.0000434204,0.00009032159,0.00004042336,0.000241841,0.0004614746,0.002626593],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001045841,0.0003855737,0.0002699553,0.0003401043,0.000144695,0.0001011657,0.00003241704,0.0003015793,0.00001546557],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004117735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001649808,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005852659,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.296942e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974488,0.00003025322,0.0008541977,0.0006885876,0.0004651672,0.0005129965],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984078,0.0002933956,0.0002505779,0.0004842763,0.0002937386,0.0002701609],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004530536,0.0002018026,0.0005446628,0.0004763663,0.00008546424,0.0000020105,0.00001640017,0.000002953393,0.9962563,0.0002609836,0.001538818,0.0005689647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008246251,0.00002086389,0.00001343991,0.00003405949,0.0001754836,0.00002246459,0.00006482722,0.02327789,0.9720191,0.00068491,0.002458764,0.0004035243],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6547824,0.0002376928,0.3177388,0.0002210198,0.0000723936,0.0002043759,0.0001476138,0.0001615805,0.02643415],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9718658,0.00002630492,0.02040824,0.00004541358,0.0001965728,0.00004943192,0.000584508,0.00005290433,0.006770812],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3170834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998596,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2073779727","doi":"10.1021/ac0353536","title":"Vapor Generation by UV Irradiation for Sample Introduction with Atomic Spectrometry","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":183,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Photodissociation; Formic acid; Aqueous solution; Selenium; Radical; Hydride; Irradiation; Transition metal; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Analyte; Detection limit; Metal; Chromatography; Photochemistry; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01827875327061827,"gpt":0.2689296345885097,"spread":0.2506508813178914,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002516415,0.0003639299,0.0003896184,0.00003237293,0.0001571291,0.00008823416,0.0002450719,0.0003095506,0.001887949],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007492357,0.0003458934,0.0001548825,0.0003294342,0.0001501876,0.0001368016,0.00004160593,0.0003473297,0.00002215679],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000928118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002204007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002360238,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000203444,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976473,0.000008295945,0.000507588,0.0008365319,0.0004535397,0.0005467834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986487,0.0001832083,0.0001701716,0.0005084293,0.000177533,0.0003119277],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001585149,0.0002674672,0.0005113725,0.0003448676,0.0002533849,0.000006052766,0.00002779228,0.0002281124,0.9913428,0.0009037057,0.005029141,0.0009267412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001421533,0.00003032619,0.00002570315,0.00002119437,0.0001946872,0.00003700562,0.00006527593,0.00466573,0.9783744,0.002074709,0.0125808,0.0005085928],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3429689,0.0001352152,0.6466179,0.003890692,0.00007177152,0.0001907097,0.0001910084,0.0002764323,0.005657402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8909925,0.00003243447,0.09762418,0.0001988711,0.003162489,0.0001214038,0.002789372,0.0001031133,0.004975693],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5489937,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998993,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2029630465","doi":"10.1021/ac9912552","title":"Isolation and Quantification of Dissolved Lignin from Natural Waters Using Solid-Phase Extraction and GC/MS","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":175,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Chemistry; Solid phase extraction; Dissolved organic carbon; Lignin; Extraction (chemistry); Chromatography; Seawater; Ultrafiltration (renal); Elution; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03335780728915104,"gpt":0.3586553563673684,"spread":0.3252975490782173,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001757257,0.0002564488,0.0003716357,0.00002051079,0.0000913757,0.00005566057,0.000119314,0.0002658866,0.001549867],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001801882,0.0002510552,0.0000819931,0.0001289839,0.0002576156,0.0001599127,0.00004779211,0.0003116614,0.000004866014],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000986825,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004191888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006882079,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.878103e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983,0.00001848321,0.0005718248,0.0005491969,0.0002835755,0.0002769171],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990043,0.000235728,0.000151825,0.0003099462,0.00008035992,0.0002178433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001356732,0.0001146827,0.001791361,0.0001768121,0.0001004687,0.000007060659,0.00007065832,0.00001845046,0.9941613,0.000008877021,0.00002568357,0.003388954],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006712684,0.000005915983,0.00052525,0.00008777918,0.0001901367,0.00001844057,0.0001429989,0.1388904,0.8587453,0.0002723432,0.0001805597,0.0002695914],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918036,0.0001647025,0.005056047,0.0001290896,0.00001570734,0.00003853399,0.00003162529,0.00004675496,0.002713875],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9898733,0.00007692302,0.008202049,0.00001798123,0.0001217687,0.000003559043,0.0002053148,0.00002345443,0.001475674],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1388719,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2048957636","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2012.06.052","title":"SPME – Quo vadis?","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":172,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Bioanalysis; Chemistry; Solid-phase microextraction; Chromatography; Sample preparation; Gas chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Complex matrix; Environmental chemistry; Biochemical engineering; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02927526814128674,"gpt":0.2899618649681489,"spread":0.2606865968268622,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003778731,0.0003522263,0.0004220308,0.00006354308,0.0001188475,0.00005370958,0.0005341582,0.000234439,0.01428337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005342312,0.0003242765,0.0002375979,0.0002847936,0.0001501879,0.0002180279,0.0002262995,0.0004368413,0.0007828697],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002143622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008325629,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006164897,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001576888,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976277,0.00002828481,0.0004853357,0.0004369368,0.0004593396,0.0009623893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981004,0.0002622282,0.0001079284,0.0007923899,0.00006487611,0.0006721696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008002376,0.0008752889,0.03286033,0.0003150822,0.0008035754,0.00001702225,0.0005243756,2.983321e-7,0.9405121,0.004827708,0.01757877,0.001605416],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009142334,0.00001685336,0.006686365,0.0001103767,0.0005857563,0.0001116506,0.0003644098,0.001676555,0.7066785,0.001575682,0.2796836,0.001596061],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2969837,0.00005590277,0.0004681516,0.00249446,0.0001970055,0.00008798009,0.00002864316,0.000410813,0.6992733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9729916,0.0000372705,0.01235099,0.0004095158,0.0006245693,0.00001282565,0.00005109281,0.00005484448,0.01346729],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.685806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999951,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2330756804","doi":"10.1021/ac2010185","title":"Optimization of the Coating Procedure for a High-Throughput 96-Blade Solid Phase Microextraction System Coupled with LC–MS/MS for Analysis of Complex Samples","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":171,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Coating; Polyacrylonitrile; Chemistry; Chromatography; Extraction (chemistry); Sample preparation; Reproducibility; Reusability; Solid phase extraction; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry; Polymer; Computer science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.07173700044477009,"gpt":0.3358587788509792,"spread":0.2641217784062091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003948131,0.0003894021,0.001032874,0.00005395627,0.0001581765,0.00002523872,0.0004802177,0.0003243895,0.0006779323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007963456,0.0002990535,0.0004954293,0.0007574796,0.0003491737,0.00007965464,0.00008752164,0.0002257021,3.625197e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002579246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002475409,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007689124,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000077429,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972542,0.00002049476,0.001148389,0.0006562392,0.000462974,0.0004577143],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968575,0.0006050508,0.0009544474,0.0006658235,0.0007469805,0.0001702501],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00138156,0.0009291866,0.002767998,0.007642757,0.004859181,0.000002706978,0.0002832077,0.008836106,0.9725062,0.0005231287,0.0001583363,0.0001096537],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001426139,0.00003474379,0.0001334354,0.0001920173,0.003599892,0.000008255959,0.0005342402,0.3461238,0.6475975,0.00004496858,0.00004492429,0.0002600538],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2400181,0.00002781375,0.7561916,0.0001023116,0.00001965719,0.000425761,0.0005317025,0.00008437815,0.002598793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8913905,0.000003777252,0.1073152,0.00002140403,0.00009006083,0.0001195474,0.0005515034,0.0000490561,0.00045893],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6513724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999462,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2129212170","doi":"10.1366/000370202760249675","title":"Analytical Applications of Volatile Metal Derivatives","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Spectroscopy","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":168,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Metal; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02373786862629295,"gpt":0.2875979055071001,"spread":0.2638600368808071,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001055226,0.0002132096,0.000370189,0.00004645367,0.00007016736,0.00001566078,0.0003119711,0.0001202783,0.01429414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004883758,0.0002085802,0.0001085113,0.0003374416,0.0002331702,0.00003485468,0.00008793689,0.0002432179,0.0001698827],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000941024,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002513009,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000275669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.182487e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985134,0.000008081409,0.0004273609,0.0003973549,0.0003254634,0.000328341],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989999,0.000180036,0.0001361222,0.0004902888,0.00004546429,0.0001481688],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000217961,0.0002669972,0.001016335,0.0001071088,0.0001611171,0.000001918241,0.0001261853,0.000004025792,0.9615484,0.03457575,0.0005510531,0.001619261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002882996,0.00000833739,0.0001058676,0.000007744061,0.00007035719,0.000003003573,0.0001221694,0.002344176,0.9840818,0.00462839,0.008107008,0.000232822],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03298429,0.0001545268,0.1665022,0.0001789153,0.00001139998,0.0001543389,0.00002223748,0.0001549888,0.7998371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.875794,0.00002452173,0.1209757,0.00004475858,0.0001114589,0.0001147412,0.00001986332,0.00002921684,0.002885784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8428097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.986607,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1978102606","doi":"10.1021/jf0613942","title":"Screening of Tropical Fruit Volatile Compounds Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Fibers and Internally Cooled SPME Fiber","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Fiber; Chromatography; Chemistry; Materials science; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0195974169912434,"gpt":0.2861789011885771,"spread":0.2665814841973337,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000112831,0.0002650766,0.0005008817,0.00002210617,0.00008724169,0.00006983332,0.0001560327,0.0002178752,0.0003946315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005317534,0.0001888783,0.0001777317,0.00009104332,0.0001440836,0.0001741168,0.00008896178,0.0004841617,4.164244e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001055027,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004434157,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000115367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.219517e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983341,0.00001476775,0.0008447219,0.0002251804,0.0003345223,0.0002467771],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986413,0.0001156417,0.0007153341,0.00009415985,0.0002348462,0.0001987603],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001512284,0.0001377639,0.002308731,0.0002983169,0.0002103342,0.00001464199,0.0000463019,0.00003596909,0.995842,0.000001530141,0.0002960796,0.000657076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001840319,0.00007265891,0.009607119,0.0003973413,0.000217299,0.00154024,0.0003640435,0.0002943948,0.9847345,0.00005153067,0.0005968626,0.0002836949],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964707,0.0005996659,0.001505384,0.0001021186,0.00002680313,0.00002533629,0.00001960793,0.00001248932,0.001237915],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9820222,0.00002168347,0.01569861,0.00001258288,0.0004361448,7.087817e-7,0.00001861937,0.00001268755,0.001776747],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01444846,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7702234,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2021447790","doi":"10.1021/es001653i","title":"Field Sampling and Determination of Formaldehyde in Indoor Air with Solid-Phase Microextraction and On-Fiber Derivatization","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":164,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Derivatization; Formaldehyde; Chromatography; Sampling (signal processing); Fiber; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; High-performance liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Organic chemistry; Physics; Optics","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0119281299770534,"gpt":0.3026448253569025,"spread":0.2907166953798491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001266076,0.00008215428,0.00009478578,0.0001445825,0.00006892451,0.000006643717,0.00008838942,0.00009962628,0.00009236212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006578509,0.00007553927,0.000005673874,0.0002396229,0.0004873458,0.0001424552,0.00007717917,0.0001250907,0.000001207566],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001260656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001296692,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003699812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003331628,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993083,0.000003274891,0.0001537975,0.0002409592,0.0001329695,0.0001607051],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997282,0.00004635883,0.00007897914,0.0001070217,0.000004118014,0.00003533527],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003968435,0.0000734902,0.049557,0.00001024177,0.000001366454,0.000004381767,0.00005477656,0.000005988787,0.8601564,0.00002276885,1.289562e-7,0.09007384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004584552,0.0001029626,0.008543909,0.00003295037,0.00000447936,0.00007113988,0.0002944216,0.0008776926,0.9890552,0.0002416756,0.0002248852,0.00009224801],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9800268,0.0000153549,0.01915854,0.0002007288,0.000003943737,0.00004779282,0.000001068429,0.00001623455,0.0005295258],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9786761,0.0000396814,0.02117083,0.00003085868,0.000003894179,0.000008999297,0.000002480588,0.000004448469,0.00006265434],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1288988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3080402,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2089869380","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00553-8","title":"Detection of explosives and their degradation products in soil environments","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":161,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Biotechnology Research Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental chemistry; Chemistry; Contamination; Groundwater; Trinitrotoluene; Pollutant; Soil test; Extraction (chemistry); Soil contamination; Explosive material; Soil water; Chromatography; Environmental science; Soil science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02324465452368796,"gpt":0.2247772566143408,"spread":0.2015326020906528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001970182,0.0001077335,0.0002255362,0.0001375957,0.00001961189,0.000008783311,0.00008937294,0.00006674062,0.00007998751],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001123804,0.00008710752,0.00007624124,0.0002051475,0.00008199972,0.0001364664,0.00002057868,0.0001588569,5.076243e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003380297,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009137263,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001429325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.339837e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991138,0.00002629239,0.0004485645,0.0001127758,0.0001882692,0.000110294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993711,0.0000663577,0.000362775,0.0001076535,0.00003325333,0.00005886137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002054943,0.0001435688,0.008774881,0.0001353199,0.00006479256,0.000006037395,0.0003833112,0.000003757832,0.9825726,0.0000028235,0.000009622016,0.007882752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004473914,0.00002892686,0.005261893,0.0001292309,0.00001876218,0.00007793724,0.0003446771,0.000172007,0.9928179,0.0002328072,0.0003851251,0.00008334564],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996062,0.001124514,0.00220398,0.00007254361,0.00002105074,0.00002312423,0.000001290498,0.000004032125,0.0004874888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956459,0.0005746696,0.00367755,0.00000649462,0.00003863069,0.000002092009,5.350481e-7,0.000008575948,0.0000455461],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01024531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3552142,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2085591442","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.064","title":"Sampling and determination of volatile organic compounds with needle trap devices","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Sorbent; Chromatography; Chemistry; Injector; Trap (plumbing); Ethylbenzene; Reproducibility; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Gas chromatography; Sample preparation; Sampling (signal processing); Thermal desorption; Extraction (chemistry); Desorption; Benzene; Adsorption; Environmental science","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01816933709596548,"gpt":0.2730995031684742,"spread":0.2549301660725087,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002422378,0.0001296885,0.0003074433,0.0001220668,0.00004243002,0.00002787344,0.0001415356,0.00007443314,0.0002297181],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003745692,0.0001022762,0.00009642572,0.0002431485,0.0001009092,0.000175429,0.00002038501,0.0001737104,3.492897e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003255682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007082747,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001647093,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004686371,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989396,0.00001384221,0.0004998881,0.0001039686,0.0003083393,0.0001343911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998918,0.000170093,0.0005148823,0.0001050328,0.0001803014,0.0001116799],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001419311,0.0002138159,0.1234966,0.0006240276,0.0002898854,0.0000158863,0.0007611001,0.000008048752,0.8598429,0.00003610736,0.00003864749,0.01453104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001861694,0.0001525933,0.031842,0.0007933382,0.0003053341,0.001023617,0.0008704033,0.001118442,0.9576134,0.0004582593,0.003593281,0.0003676358],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9736338,0.0004861943,0.02373879,0.00008792644,0.00001119987,0.00001917321,0.000002220328,0.00001159149,0.002009101],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8398504,0.0000316979,0.1599942,0.00001691626,0.00007334797,6.012148e-7,0.000001096704,0.00001207178,0.00001969644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1362554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4170704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2067607309","doi":"10.1021/ac070296s","title":"Biocompatible Solid-Phase Microextraction Coatings Based on Polyacrylonitrile and Solid-Phase Extraction Phases","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Solid-phase microextraction; Chemistry; Chromatography; Biocompatible material; Biocompatibility; Solid phase extraction; Extraction (chemistry); Polyacrylonitrile; Biomedical engineering; Polymer; Mass spectrometry; Organic chemistry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0332771457659537,"gpt":0.412336638496599,"spread":0.3790594927306453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008602872,0.0006464494,0.0006859537,0.0001156327,0.0003183536,0.0001575094,0.0003150519,0.0005764558,0.004954414],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001077292,0.0006679258,0.0002655629,0.0004543756,0.0003878639,0.0001876775,0.00008973813,0.0009853209,0.00005050332],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004687424,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002007793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003102223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001844174,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960366,0.00002552294,0.001089972,0.001087248,0.0007717644,0.0009888889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966248,0.001197634,0.0003927949,0.0006876193,0.000223751,0.0008734125],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008644232,0.0021836,0.0003298295,0.0003749018,0.00008001219,0.0002398942,0.00002650293,0.00003251473,0.9875432,0.00002073463,0.0008993476,0.007405033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004331846,0.00009983125,0.00002513087,0.0001886191,0.0002216471,0.000115011,0.0002062257,0.03897241,0.9480761,0.0001094866,0.006945061,0.0007086701],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7782416,0.0001713488,0.1559416,0.0006662068,0.0001035208,0.0002125033,0.0001435324,0.0005030101,0.06401673],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9891963,0.00002362421,0.005674886,0.000370689,0.0005392805,0.00002122946,0.0003057675,0.00007726136,0.003790961],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2109547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995772,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2022602798","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2009.04.066","title":"Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry/mass spectrometry for the determination of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in seawater after ionic imprinted polymer based solid phase extraction","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Talanta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":153,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"FP7 Research infrastructures; National Research Council Canada; Xunta de Galicia; Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria","keywords":"Chemistry; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Seawater; Inductively coupled plasma; Detection limit; Polymerization; Ionic strength; Polymer; Extraction (chemistry); Solid phase extraction; Mass spectrometry; Methacrylate; Chromatography; Aqueous solution; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01858380800819173,"gpt":0.329074380358663,"spread":0.3104905723504713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003895404,0.0002458137,0.0003292322,0.000145792,0.00005916433,0.00003433054,0.0001628294,0.0002177862,0.000552783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002720648,0.0001889585,0.00009124363,0.0002665613,0.000103201,0.000113273,0.00003606403,0.0003534216,0.000002754845],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002529791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008015821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001103132,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002836964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984078,0.00002655857,0.0004708845,0.0004145869,0.0003105874,0.0003696175],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99893,0.0004343202,0.0001653814,0.0002774058,0.00007239835,0.0001205367],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008998116,0.0002838327,0.0009019138,0.00009285628,0.00002745858,0.00001769186,0.00006157682,9.400453e-7,0.9940984,0.00001471838,0.000006159056,0.003594633],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002247703,0.0001044423,0.005308567,0.00008426455,0.00007821319,0.0000364648,0.000101436,0.03150215,0.960048,0.0002442295,0.00001945768,0.0002250977],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9142684,0.00007840236,0.08446902,0.0003837212,0.00003825716,0.0001742397,0.000015705,0.00003286001,0.0005394194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9857768,0.00001903391,0.01339146,0.00004206694,0.00009238868,0.00003410358,0.00003743388,0.00002205044,0.0005846263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07150847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7705503,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2763359428","doi":"10.1039/c7ja00285h","title":"Photochemical vapor generation: a radical approach to analyte introduction for atomic spectrometry","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":146,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Analyte; Atomic spectroscopy; Photochemistry; Chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Environmental chemistry; Chromatography; Spectroscopy","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03774244128854143,"gpt":0.3187884953677885,"spread":0.2810460540792471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001869073,0.0006019073,0.001515468,0.0006107714,0.0004421588,0.0004404676,0.001679593,0.0004869624,0.001998601],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004782551,0.0005381681,0.001025602,0.0006227856,0.000427558,0.0003552943,0.0003090195,0.001261891,0.00005042534],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00161181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004876101,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006113147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.441576e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9948378,0.00005463265,0.001855741,0.001000387,0.001257573,0.0009939146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954609,0.0003454156,0.001150763,0.001333897,0.0005303697,0.001178619],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001955556,0.001716661,0.003825516,0.0004581544,0.002743939,0.0001566436,0.0001020932,0.00005090754,0.9246924,0.0104463,0.05154316,0.002308664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005887731,0.0004496863,0.001662121,0.0001437849,0.001707301,0.002404621,0.0002703141,0.04419757,0.8974723,0.006831773,0.03720657,0.001766226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5569258,0.0001954435,0.4228621,0.006258808,0.0005646172,0.0003110202,0.00004013086,0.00007112107,0.01277094],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6794919,0.00004915173,0.3061636,0.0002382975,0.01124657,0.00002387877,0.00003916975,0.00009290848,0.00265442],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1225661,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999707,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1979342287","doi":"10.1007/s00216-006-1044-7","title":"Critical evaluation of the application of photochemical vapor generation in analytical atomic spectrometry","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":143,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Sichuan University; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Atomic spectroscopy; Hydride; Analyte; Process engineering; Metal; Organic chemistry; Spectroscopy; Materials science; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.03760289001991802,"gpt":0.3432136843589078,"spread":0.3056107943389897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002848232,0.0003916355,0.0007876004,0.0001092761,0.00006720811,0.00002695323,0.000491249,0.0005693306,0.00119111],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004307658,0.0003055793,0.000343396,0.00112547,0.001388803,0.00008882087,0.0002773931,0.0007100004,0.000004263942],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004031101,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002732943,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004415173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000125782,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9952196,0.00006882168,0.001623267,0.0008274418,0.001610825,0.0006499807],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970905,0.0009126613,0.000265598,0.0007452324,0.0005901348,0.0003959181],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002376688,0.0009818382,0.04456453,0.0008486332,0.0002452984,0.00001261374,0.00004607997,0.00002494216,0.9360295,0.009921462,0.00007087705,0.007016556],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008381866,0.00001409482,0.00397417,0.00007934254,0.0006028457,0.00003383571,0.0001317054,0.2566381,0.734187,0.0030372,0.0001269571,0.0003365731],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9684178,0.0002430644,0.01133535,0.0006499132,0.00002883357,0.0001929541,0.00002893004,0.00002781158,0.01907531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973925,0.00001617485,0.002064866,0.00005326275,0.0002096003,0.00001530517,0.00003930689,0.00002581451,0.0001831142],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2566131,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999396,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1972920731","doi":"10.1021/ac800936r","title":"Automation of Solid-Phase Microextraction in High-Throughput Format and Applications to Drug Analysis","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo","keywords":"Chemistry; Solid-phase microextraction; Automation; Throughput; Chromatography; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Computer science; Mass spectrometry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02172321954104079,"gpt":0.3479302148680418,"spread":0.326206995327001,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002474467,0.0002551079,0.0005841742,0.0001204828,0.00008514411,0.0000149987,0.0002278562,0.0002046011,0.0009680782],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002001708,0.000271852,0.0001639915,0.001101616,0.0001871579,0.0001248083,0.0001220742,0.0002944114,0.00002356212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002361151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007955495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005256344,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006153718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979062,0.00001493696,0.0008228212,0.0005355632,0.000364806,0.0003556414],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986504,0.0002278102,0.0001860829,0.0004916622,0.0001360537,0.0003079383],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001688366,0.001326174,0.01843761,0.001215685,0.001033188,0.0000594131,0.0005126613,0.000770243,0.9721439,0.0002755226,0.0009584204,0.003098373],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001097262,0.000008749621,0.002468937,0.00004903929,0.0005621797,0.00004471678,0.0002597881,0.01931636,0.972916,0.0003905188,0.002416693,0.0004697806],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8630455,0.00006574651,0.1299807,0.0003263501,0.000007115823,0.0001109602,0.00007832634,0.00007815131,0.006307217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9869681,0.00005844449,0.01030738,0.00005742182,0.00008028476,0.00006291781,0.0001447911,0.00001828792,0.002302391],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1239226,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2995716445","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2019.123897","title":"Mechanistic study of selective adsorption and reduction of Au (III) to gold nanoparticles by ion-imprinted porous alginate microspheres","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Engineering Journal","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Anhui Provincial Department of Education; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Adsorption; Selective adsorption; Selectivity; Chemistry; Thiourea; Metal ions in aqueous solution; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Porosity; Inorganic chemistry; Molecular imprinting; Chemical engineering; Metal; Nuclear chemistry; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006806265399154371,"gpt":0.2296658495228267,"spread":0.2228595841236723,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002056686,0.0001662357,0.0003168237,0.00003396095,0.00001501753,0.00001545499,0.0001365821,0.00009556751,0.00009298823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002175119,0.0001641277,0.0000435509,0.0001592697,0.00002494897,0.00005061013,0.00007545285,0.000300388,0.000001999044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002347224,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004102975,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000187853,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.059241e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988495,0.00001023321,0.0004459077,0.0002239885,0.0002367554,0.0002336555],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993107,0.00007432857,0.0001518285,0.0001388701,0.0001457444,0.000178566],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000957812,0.0001685522,0.0003057977,0.0001606509,0.0001009088,0.000001768524,0.0004213668,0.0004372089,0.9978144,0.0000111989,0.00003760505,0.0004448069],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000731402,0.00007801625,0.0001286269,0.0001338595,0.00004916489,0.0000993539,0.0004202304,0.001809015,0.9963232,0.00004995994,0.00001486813,0.0001622868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9865038,0.00005950342,0.01316831,0.00001548053,0.00006103688,0.00008012774,0.000003389014,0.00002541047,0.00008297368],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9893891,0.000004461646,0.01036757,0.000002196229,0.000049412,0.000005444148,0.000002383769,0.00002194124,0.0001575468],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002885266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6692933,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2092753327","doi":"10.1016/j.aca.2007.11.036","title":"Multiresidue analytical methods for the ultra-trace quantification of 33 priority substances present in the list of REACH in real water samples","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytica Chimica Acta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":142,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Nautical Research Society","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Chromatography; Environmental chemistry; Solid phase extraction; Methamidophos; European union; Bisphenol A; Quechers; Gas chromatography; Contamination; Detection limit; Bisphenol; Pesticide; Extraction (chemistry); Pesticide residue","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0788698828618499,"gpt":0.3984938244340376,"spread":0.3196239415721878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006415129,0.0002909582,0.000641329,0.000125131,0.00008131681,0.00003378434,0.001020999,0.000241293,0.0001171148],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00198544,0.0001666769,0.0002569572,0.000545413,0.0006130548,0.00008712965,0.00007236085,0.0004915298,7.919255e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001565808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001056506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004797636,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006574302,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966542,0.0002393292,0.00141728,0.0005601246,0.0005175998,0.0006114363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9909561,0.007491846,0.0002725011,0.0009904219,0.0001956542,0.00009351029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006711861,0.0008209173,0.02715629,0.000594075,0.0002595595,0.00000457323,0.002889787,0.00002800643,0.9587125,0.005011186,0.0001307189,0.003721235],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005913827,0.00002175414,0.03635325,0.00008542694,0.0002167799,0.000004890838,0.001931204,0.01832789,0.9388956,0.00113803,0.002177199,0.0002565611],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9484746,0.000176233,0.03473976,0.005312721,0.00007392479,0.0009394978,0.0001204294,0.00004809899,0.01011473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9648925,0.0001837027,0.03448416,0.00002351753,0.00008178523,0.00003256604,0.00004788026,0.00002361359,0.0002302462],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01981684,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6796886,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1999878041","doi":"10.1007/s00216-004-2933-2","title":"Glow discharge mass spectrometry","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"IONICS Mass Spectrometry (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Glow discharge; Mass spectrometry; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Elemental analysis; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Plasma; Materials science; Environmental chemistry; Physics; Nuclear physics; Inorganic chemistry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01667490857978616,"gpt":0.2669283162716103,"spread":0.2502534076918241,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003391077,0.000636765,0.0007947026,0.00006071305,0.0001947312,0.000164468,0.0005217829,0.0005241822,0.008557091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009568637,0.0005382891,0.0003755869,0.0006140206,0.0008656172,0.0001393488,0.0002838563,0.0009022162,0.0001884511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003478412,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001789795,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001980696,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001002323,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960794,0.00001408792,0.0008108069,0.001189748,0.0008114617,0.001094527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975348,0.000312868,0.0001203246,0.0006936291,0.0001197841,0.001218643],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002871224,0.001150948,0.01163914,0.001730712,0.001368287,0.0007103618,0.00006160441,0.00001984639,0.9452704,0.03458487,0.0004716654,0.002705102],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002321176,0.00005111149,0.0006215087,0.0003171176,0.0008027127,0.0003386063,0.0003711413,0.004103668,0.9449865,0.03599544,0.008018568,0.002072443],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3231399,0.001220676,0.07925665,0.01480799,0.000123613,0.0002145773,0.0001912897,0.001025327,0.58002],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9656038,0.0001573849,0.02258204,0.000377971,0.0005567322,0.00001434474,0.00006147007,0.00006576414,0.01058049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6424639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997069,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2077464301","doi":"10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01125-5","title":"Automated in-tube solid-phase microextraction–high-performance liquid chromatography for carbamate pesticide analysis","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chromatography A","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":138,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Chromatography; Chemistry; Solid-phase microextraction; Detection limit; Sample preparation; Extraction (chemistry); Desorption; Analyte; High-performance liquid chromatography; Solid phase extraction; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mass spectrometry; Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Adsorption","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01237900270667511,"gpt":0.3175432487838399,"spread":0.3051642460771648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000827261,0.0004873108,0.001235334,0.001169247,0.0001617939,0.0000982305,0.0005807587,0.0003163108,0.002030432],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001156732,0.0004553485,0.001129795,0.002788139,0.0002029592,0.0003838848,0.00003114389,0.0005379199,0.00001004622],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001527387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002052119,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002230169,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006373824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9961939,0.00006399055,0.001917827,0.0004555183,0.0006409686,0.0007278099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975392,0.0003501877,0.0008756096,0.0004767589,0.0003682474,0.0003899971],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005528036,0.003645602,0.05289971,0.002122822,0.01304967,0.0006462162,0.0007892582,0.008354482,0.9039115,0.00005635564,0.001534087,0.007462271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008437341,0.0006550589,0.02632059,0.000802226,0.003684086,0.000765766,0.0002166403,0.02811034,0.9243544,0.0002573055,0.005111923,0.001284369],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.993356,0.0004369191,0.004267435,0.0001140637,0.00008638385,0.0001265769,0.00004979672,0.0001901443,0.00137264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9745699,0.0004362089,0.02449903,0.0000861732,0.0001868724,0.0000338911,0.00004201006,0.000056407,0.00008951184],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02657913,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997898,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2050848626","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2011.01.025","title":"Simultaneous determination of soluble manganese(III), manganese(II) and total manganese in natural (pore)waters","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Talanta","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Chemistry; Manganese; Detection limit; Metal; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Inductively coupled plasma; Sediment; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mass spectrometry; Environmental chemistry; Chromatography","retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01746489053376456,"gpt":0.2542314425201174,"spread":0.2367665519863528,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002449517,0.0002875984,0.0003940654,0.00009618646,0.00006734597,0.00001668835,0.0002635215,0.0002071687,0.0004862503],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001523469,0.0002678914,0.00007646551,0.0001580203,0.0001837836,0.0001233132,0.000262004,0.000305122,0.000009816074],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001066655,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003455591,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001769438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003617626,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983081,0.00002813497,0.0004932536,0.0004386226,0.0003098468,0.000422017],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991139,0.0001917469,0.0001532883,0.0003373542,0.00006807049,0.0001356669],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001068221,0.0007397266,0.03198635,0.002108263,0.0001768564,0.003560344,0.01421001,0.00001109056,0.925455,0.0001954364,0.0001353148,0.02035335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00177499,0.0000646785,0.003659068,0.0002244934,0.00008374227,0.0009409039,0.001544534,0.006626001,0.9834964,0.0005183835,0.0002969578,0.0007698237],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898749,0.0001127719,0.00007584009,0.00003496046,0.00008508681,0.0000965037,0.00001135081,0.00006300869,0.009645597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9880331,0.0000226839,0.003764104,0.00002196437,0.00004675514,0.00001330207,0.00007981111,0.00003311224,0.007985225],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05804139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999774,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}