{"meta":{"page":1,"per_page":50,"max_per_page":100,"total":1050,"total_is_capped":false,"direct_labels_cover":0,"predictions_cover":1050,"direct_label_status":"direct model label, unvalidated","prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated (Codex and Gemma teacher distillation)","score_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline (scores rank; they never assert a category)","snapshot":{"source":"OpenAlex, pinned release, all 482 partitions","release":"2026-06-24","frame_built":"2026-07-12","author_layer_release":"2026-06-26"},"query_hash":"804abe5b8f68","filters":{"topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts"}},"results":[{"id":"W2941803205","doi":"10.1126/science.aav3506","title":"What would it take for renewably powered electrosynthesis to displace petrochemical processes?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":2948,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; McMaster University; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Chemical industry; Renewable energy; Fossil fuel; Syngas; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Environmental science; Petrochemical; Greenhouse gas; Synthetic fuel; Chemical energy; Waste management; Chemistry; Chemical reaction; Catalysis; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Carbon monoxide; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher Hahn","is_ca":false},{"name":"Drew Higgins","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shaffiq A. Jaffer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas F. Jaramillo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0555250216092342,"gpt":0.3727008032723254,"spread":0.3171757816630911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002731197,0.0005889544,0.0003972396,0.0004374985,0.0005762766,0.003174359,0.000806645,0.003247041,0.01312533],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003306487,0.0001915509,0.0003149573,0.0003719444,0.001757913,0.004929668,0.0007446919,0.002186092,0.002656889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001789163,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001949555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001541832,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001828657,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993652,0.0001522329,0.00003230834,0.000137007,0.0001638428,0.0001495592],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979686,0.0008855075,0.0002512026,0.00008722476,0.0004885058,0.0003189384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006296005,0.0003672403,0.002169498,0.006096565,0.00009291613,0.0005628578,0.0002716623,0.006776439,0.01077907,0.2976272,0.119676,0.554951],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008318269,0.0005185148,0.002529116,0.002462046,0.00005075442,0.0004725726,0.001434055,0.003469585,0.008414449,0.298023,0.6824196,0.0001231025],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.04106138,0.4733796,0.0155183,0.3224651,0.0151659,0.0001128302,0.0004906098,0.0004055511,0.1314008],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4853603,0.4014849,0.0135313,0.04366818,0.009219067,0.0002082798,0.0004054313,0.000152546,0.04596999],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01312533,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0439086,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W1992591486","doi":"10.1039/c3cs60323g","title":"A review of catalysts for the electroreduction of carbon dioxide to produce low-carbon fuels","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Society Reviews","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":2942,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Catalysis; Carbon fibers; Electrolyte; Carbon dioxide; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Faraday efficiency; Chemistry; Metal; Inorganic chemistry; Degradation (telecommunications); Chemical engineering; Materials science; Electrode; Carbon monoxide; Organic chemistry; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Jinli Qiao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuyu Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Feng Hong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jiujun Zhang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04005712712487016,"gpt":0.3236928327002236,"spread":0.2836357055753534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004267225,0.001411974,0.001238291,0.003517552,0.000447228,0.0007311155,0.0008678132,0.0008104723,0.004237088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005377208,0.0005680667,0.0005521336,0.004656312,0.0003023985,0.001251646,0.0005322407,0.001285141,0.003669701],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006417615,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001018921,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001438315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003313665,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997019,0.00002614337,0.00004153688,0.0000572306,0.0001427176,0.00003032326],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997849,0.00007307636,0.00003642645,0.000008483229,0.00007805222,0.00001908399],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005055271,0.0001264468,0.0001751607,0.03798907,0.0001309447,0.0002661202,0.00007984634,0.0006384884,0.0141543,0.005610546,0.03391446,0.906864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006917459,0.0000598596,0.0004026095,0.001832221,0.00007105684,0.0006909706,0.00003114153,0.00008551055,0.002382579,0.0008261609,0.993593,0.00001789953],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000278544,0.9961038,0.0004867715,0.0001377468,0.0002122896,0.00001108027,0.00004687086,0.00001928534,0.002703716],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001041465,0.996583,0.0006389323,0.0000850764,0.00009319849,0.00001229972,0.00006342609,0.000003925561,0.001478662],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004237088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01417446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2804235153","doi":"10.1126/science.aas9100","title":"CO <sub>2</sub> electroreduction to ethylene via hydroxide-mediated copper catalysis at an abrupt interface","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":2439,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Electrocatalyst; Electrolyte; Copper; Potassium hydroxide; Catalysis; Inorganic chemistry; Hydroxide; Faraday efficiency; Ethylene; Chemistry; Carbon monoxide; Chemical engineering; Electrode; Materials science; Electrochemistry; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas Burdyny","is_ca":true},{"name":"Md Golam Kibria","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Seifitokaldani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Amirreza Kiani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan P. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oleksandr S. Bushuyev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chengqin Zou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafael Quintero‐Bermudez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuanjie Pang","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009366630530272296,"gpt":0.2790399746254218,"spread":0.2696733440951495,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001291228,0.0004559495,0.0001926304,0.0001608248,0.0002357974,0.0006877938,0.0006155604,0.0004646449,0.001062471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000264255,0.0003196802,0.0001436552,0.0001647155,0.0004406968,0.0006606496,0.0003633421,0.0005605195,0.0006220037],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005085241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000149969,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003792708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008571212,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998569,0.0000125512,0.000005662872,0.00003343382,0.00005214234,0.00003919762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999453,0.00001463292,0.00001001421,0.000008235868,0.00001396937,0.000007876669],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001646755,0.00005145173,0.0003728232,0.0002366055,0.00001846527,0.0003231079,0.00007301254,0.0006318642,0.977812,0.003467605,0.002809119,0.01403934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001108583,0.00007462167,0.0003528745,0.000004150294,0.000008437711,0.0001075239,0.00002492814,0.002915724,0.988194,0.0002180535,0.008080728,0.000007796234],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.934433,0.007484844,0.02290463,0.001546352,0.0009796121,0.0001036978,0.0002124411,0.001253642,0.0310818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9861334,0.001481776,0.005034061,0.0001416037,0.00007511684,0.00001739643,0.00007768824,0.00004283214,0.006996101],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001062471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003689587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2496132953","doi":"10.1038/nature19060","title":"Enhanced electrocatalytic CO2 reduction via field-induced reagent concentration","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1960,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canada Research Chairs; University of New Brunswick; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Overpotential; Formate; Faraday efficiency; Catalysis; Noble metal; Materials science; Reversible hydrogen electrode; Inorganic chemistry; Electrolyte; Reagent; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Electrode; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Chemistry; Carbon monoxide; Working electrode; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Min Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuanjie Pang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bo Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oleksandr Voznyy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jixian Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"X. R. Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengjia Fan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Changhong Cao","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tina Saberi Safaei","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adam Mepham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anna Klinkova","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eugenia Kumacheva","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tobin Filleter","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shana O. Kelley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00631375958578145,"gpt":0.2518298833186877,"spread":0.2455161237329062,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002924373,0.0003656158,0.0002802799,0.000265719,0.000178188,0.0007598447,0.0007519714,0.0004565428,0.001584368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003493879,0.0002891893,0.0001449312,0.0002513907,0.0003371692,0.0005598972,0.0002279881,0.0004275381,0.0003939267],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008103445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002473774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005499749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001507397,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997666,0.00002742693,0.0000132525,0.00006780874,0.00008942971,0.00003553596],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998871,0.00003786712,0.00002199625,0.00001527509,0.00002907135,0.000008553142],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007769041,0.00003874511,0.00005480735,0.00005382263,0.000003105687,0.00002432259,0.00001995026,0.0001323203,0.995008,0.000718426,0.0001188434,0.003750063],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006049071,0.00002523884,0.0001266377,9.348506e-7,0.000002079269,0.0000179365,0.000002454592,0.001025999,0.9978815,0.00002183121,0.0008873707,0.000001937515],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9611671,0.001942161,0.02151706,0.000399168,0.0001543076,0.00006200637,0.0001836806,0.0005918571,0.01398254],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9915981,0.0003771808,0.003828421,0.00005601786,0.00002275107,0.00001685838,0.00007625305,0.00003834024,0.003986131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001584368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005879462,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2795259398","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2017.09.003","title":"What Should We Make with CO2 and How Can We Make It?","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Joule","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1557,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Bioenergy Technologies Office; Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office; Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Computer science; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Oleksandr S. Bushuyev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ling Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Genevieve Saur","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jao van de Lagemaat","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shana O. Kelley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02596852641238558,"gpt":0.2657658783716231,"spread":0.2397973519592375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005704704,0.0006223032,0.0007715527,0.0008902649,0.002636113,0.005728698,0.001568411,0.00529362,0.006385074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01212194,0.0003185324,0.0006338251,0.0007785058,0.006848453,0.00931018,0.00173782,0.00531162,0.003502536],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00261627,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007629415,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01077395,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01719216,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975855,0.0005963547,0.00007807007,0.0002246826,0.001054928,0.0004604846],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952143,0.001771205,0.0003617094,0.0003159848,0.001676288,0.0006604657],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004659349,0.000697368,0.004261945,0.005582821,0.0003159379,0.0006214675,0.002226786,0.001774885,0.01649093,0.2163597,0.3630347,0.3881675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003763105,0.00009075152,0.001944498,0.001838897,0.0001274285,0.000255579,0.005698845,0.0007347674,0.01550945,0.1644053,0.809225,0.0001318705],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01575318,0.2124871,0.01235474,0.6639307,0.02567531,0.0000836337,0.0002433393,0.0003246211,0.06914721],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4564126,0.3260813,0.02443263,0.1052204,0.01350515,0.0003446995,0.0002790685,0.0005083429,0.07321581],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01077395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03016973,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3025104221","doi":"10.1038/s41586-020-2242-8","title":"Accelerated discovery of CO2 electrocatalysts using active machine learning","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1500,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Faraday efficiency; Renewable energy; Electrocatalyst; Materials science; Ethylene glycol; Electrochemistry; Fossil fuel; Ethylene; Electrode; Nanotechnology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Catalysis; Electrical engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Miao Zhong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kevin Tran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yimeng Min","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chuanhao Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zongqian Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Armin Sedighian Rasouli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter Brodersen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Song Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Oleksandr Voznyy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chih‐Shan Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mikhail Askerka","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fanglin Che","is_ca":true},{"name":"Min Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Seifitokaldani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuanjie Pang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shen-Chuan Lo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander H. Ip","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zachary W. Ulissi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01681110100108085,"gpt":0.2727782084169066,"spread":0.2559671074158258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004749923,0.000373822,0.0003340215,0.0004434796,0.0001821748,0.0007586552,0.000488919,0.0005915975,0.00151405],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008372903,0.0001972702,0.0002857344,0.0003965498,0.0003437452,0.0009241944,0.0005650072,0.001341969,0.0004617379],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005119474,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003515358,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000500327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001029503,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999764,0.00003323718,0.000006494686,0.00004805097,0.000114921,0.00003331664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997577,0.000111379,0.00002338129,0.00003908198,0.00004919113,0.00001923408],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006630473,0.0007828675,0.001582893,0.0006566908,0.0001007522,0.0001630824,0.0001210942,0.01954388,0.659225,0.04007767,0.00615373,0.2709293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000907749,0.000257756,0.0006687748,0.00002178913,0.0000285196,0.0001112217,0.00001882099,0.2322811,0.7424181,0.005763696,0.01831832,0.00002122451],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6613491,0.009387696,0.2861629,0.003251376,0.0007515902,0.0002273954,0.0005553233,0.002212831,0.03610167],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9358934,0.002690947,0.05321403,0.0002514294,0.00008956966,0.00007785956,0.0003350225,0.000108263,0.007339517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00151405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005064964,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2070161787","doi":"10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.05.013","title":"A review of the aqueous electrochemical reduction of CO2 to hydrocarbons at copper","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1480,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Copper; Electrochemistry; Aqueous solution; Adsorption; Methane; Inorganic chemistry; Reaction mechanism; Product distribution; Electrode; Physical chemistry; Catalysis; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"M. Gattrell","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nivedita Gupta","is_ca":true},{"name":"Anne C. Co","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0134841157822031,"gpt":0.2935076099767929,"spread":0.2800234941945898,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004510354,0.001114454,0.001442354,0.002517351,0.0003099036,0.0008480913,0.001176402,0.0007928219,0.002141236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005150349,0.000449613,0.000391834,0.003490992,0.0003826868,0.001222046,0.0005005164,0.0008752134,0.002040555],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006334522,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007914964,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001284656,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002825139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999762,0.00002207811,0.00003502011,0.00005040137,0.0001086164,0.00002186272],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997278,0.00008716187,0.00003654468,0.00001055318,0.0001158765,0.00002203293],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009175034,0.0001220467,0.0001268813,0.02259461,0.00009577474,0.000264107,0.00006405573,0.0003846508,0.01304571,0.002221643,0.03497247,0.9260163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001515497,0.0001723073,0.0007015528,0.001749385,0.00007798191,0.0009630055,0.0000487094,0.0001385211,0.007728792,0.0007219556,0.987648,0.0000344851],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004085005,0.9973622,0.0004090713,0.0001236067,0.0003390418,0.000008332576,0.00002976092,0.00001126516,0.001308316],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001682853,0.9949345,0.0006430908,0.0001729861,0.0002248073,0.00001003662,0.0000623924,0.000003512072,0.002265855],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002517351,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007163167,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005205992","doi":"10.1126/science.aay4217","title":"CO <sub>2</sub> electrolysis to multicarbon products at activities greater than 1 A cm <sup>−2</sup>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1458,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Electrolysis; Electrolyte; Catalysis; Materials science; Carbonization; Copper; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Gas diffusion electrode; Chemistry; Electrode; Metallurgy; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ahmad R. Kirmani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Seifitokaldani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuguang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan P. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lee J. Richter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Steven J. Thorpe","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01451711904685386,"gpt":0.2379932642215414,"spread":0.2234761451746875,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003344986,0.0009497187,0.0005638263,0.0005178336,0.0004316008,0.001241096,0.0006593249,0.0008398811,0.008903945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004754664,0.0004389941,0.0003518273,0.0005300933,0.0006309905,0.001250223,0.000698431,0.001304764,0.003126847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006725227,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002334644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005269118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002438664,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997205,0.00002315723,0.00001212437,0.00007012906,0.00011022,0.00006380855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997649,0.00007744659,0.00002850731,0.0000358003,0.00006891225,0.00002452037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000292387,0.0001289395,0.000903287,0.0008144005,0.0000754278,0.0005672255,0.0001877574,0.0008049631,0.8731208,0.008013982,0.01966147,0.09542935],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001281471,0.0001118003,0.0009673479,0.0000179841,0.00001899307,0.000527285,0.0001093693,0.003053015,0.9296744,0.00145259,0.06404009,0.00001432617],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5535013,0.06275629,0.1291363,0.01638667,0.01316466,0.0003182231,0.0007975211,0.006370869,0.2175682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9293503,0.008204428,0.01361924,0.001595292,0.0005367841,0.00004780496,0.0002255089,0.0004560048,0.04596457],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008903945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02978671,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944826525","doi":"10.1002/adma.201807166","title":"Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1297,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; University of New Brunswick; University of Calgary","funders":"Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Government of Ontario; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Electrocatalyst; Materials science; Electrochemistry; Reduction (mathematics); Nanotechnology; Chemical reduction; Electrode; Physical chemistry; Chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Md Golam Kibria","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan P. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Seifitokaldani","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02787030261921618,"gpt":0.2829404225536025,"spread":0.2550701199343863,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004157149,0.001039285,0.001096962,0.000849724,0.0001643444,0.0009141593,0.0007584543,0.000976282,0.001808139],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003562995,0.0003924802,0.00047329,0.001389157,0.0003988112,0.0009881299,0.0003924933,0.0009193206,0.00143865],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007599059,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006104097,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00110012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001552361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998927,0.00002391545,0.000009038114,0.00002362398,0.00003967766,0.00001103988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998813,0.0000591404,0.00001563297,0.000005715835,0.00003284158,0.000005294593],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001113314,0.0002268507,0.000256034,0.04012578,0.0002642373,0.0002657533,0.0001198307,0.0254235,0.02401165,0.07397619,0.023894,0.8113248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004482082,0.000382479,0.0009164893,0.004079113,0.0002953535,0.0006167671,0.0001434499,0.02321976,0.01758944,0.03091343,0.9217219,0.00007691364],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001526788,0.9892998,0.004724001,0.0003905808,0.0001987583,0.00002032321,0.00003549269,0.00004332536,0.003761086],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009615325,0.9857679,0.002265737,0.0001188677,0.00009190477,0.00003639748,0.00004152048,0.000007092242,0.002055178],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001808139,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006048799,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2954959763","doi":"10.1038/s41929-019-0306-7","title":"Designing materials for electrochemical carbon dioxide recycling","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1282,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; Samsung; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Renewable energy; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Process engineering; Biochemical engineering; Carbon fibers; Electrochemistry; Environmental science; Catalysis; Computer science; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Chemistry; Engineering; Carbon monoxide; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Michael B. Ross","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yifan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dohyung Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peidong Yang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005648775583923783,"gpt":0.2462397072745791,"spread":0.2405909316906553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003481849,0.0004948935,0.0003479668,0.0005208374,0.000423027,0.001032711,0.0007179046,0.001084084,0.002556792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004316778,0.0004725244,0.0002753928,0.0003591351,0.0003953975,0.001278798,0.0004043163,0.0007625457,0.001323516],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000522749,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000284136,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002282667,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007806694,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998333,0.0000251881,0.00001169603,0.00003067364,0.00006124582,0.00003778727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999189,0.00002848556,0.00001164463,0.00001127232,0.00002180272,0.000007775387],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001126834,0.0001463547,0.0003312071,0.001515522,0.00003790114,0.0002549441,0.0001409766,0.003486353,0.8756528,0.05904393,0.003140755,0.05613665],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004216658,0.000243659,0.0003407397,0.00006859485,0.0000307748,0.0002028674,0.0001112794,0.009750848,0.9266009,0.006260884,0.0563191,0.00002817045],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6153296,0.04925804,0.2315069,0.003210951,0.002097652,0.0005640028,0.0006673567,0.001844136,0.09552121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8589571,0.01139269,0.1116735,0.0005782503,0.0001869196,0.0004090767,0.0004287823,0.0002869959,0.01608673],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002556792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008553326,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3165555416","doi":"10.1126/science.abg6582","title":"CO <sub>2</sub> electrolysis to multicarbon products in strong acid","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1274,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Australian Research Council; Argonne National Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Ontario Research Foundation","keywords":"Electrolysis; Chemistry; Environmental science; Electrode; Electrolyte","authors":[{"name":"Jianan Erick Huang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Armin Sedighian Rasouli","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shijie Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shuzhen Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mingchuan Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanwei Lum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Koen Bertens","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rui Kai Miao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01135843421022476,"gpt":0.2600162792958077,"spread":0.248657845085583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001969321,0.0004636098,0.0003738927,0.0002390542,0.0002994896,0.0005559487,0.000297161,0.0003501756,0.003654415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002734668,0.0002895065,0.0001306027,0.000311069,0.000362074,0.0007976362,0.0005072946,0.0007884504,0.001483564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003592565,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001306793,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004275605,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001452523,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998673,0.0000126782,0.000005841121,0.00003018993,0.00005142008,0.00003252377],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999349,0.00002097703,0.000009143644,0.000007723098,0.00001812457,0.000009130868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003030456,0.00009840703,0.0003402733,0.0007049846,0.00004439937,0.0003953836,0.0001587024,0.001020792,0.9329867,0.006341057,0.006757012,0.05084911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001937551,0.0001039609,0.0006527316,0.00001299731,0.00001671202,0.0001919828,0.00006535582,0.003291368,0.9604486,0.0008497647,0.03433639,0.00001074638],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8473573,0.0438874,0.0178949,0.005213396,0.004795711,0.00006899497,0.0001709751,0.0006715486,0.07993984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9543884,0.01206339,0.004613252,0.0004960843,0.0004397104,0.00001620662,0.000115858,0.0001324593,0.02773464],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003654415,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01222527,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2989693584","doi":"10.1038/s41586-019-1782-2","title":"Molecular tuning of CO2-to-ethylene conversion","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1265,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Mitacs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Ontario Centres of Excellence; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Faraday efficiency; Electrolyte; Ethylene; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Redox; Electrochemistry; Copper; Catalysis; Materials science; Adsorption; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Molecule; Renewable energy; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Photochemistry; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Carbon monoxide; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Arnaud Thevenon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alonso Rosas‐Hernández","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yilin Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan P. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lizhi Tao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiqin Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mingchuan Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Huihui Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin P. O’Brien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chih‐Shan Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafael Quintero‐Bermudez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuguang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhiji Han","is_ca":false},{"name":"R. David Britt","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Theodor Agapie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonas C. Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00380290650071327,"gpt":0.2341262580124557,"spread":0.2303233515117424,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001257075,0.0002194278,0.0001505235,0.0001698716,0.0001445222,0.0003838673,0.0003355078,0.0003446029,0.003194066],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002401375,0.0001587135,0.00009337012,0.0002005298,0.000206726,0.0003490905,0.0002110923,0.0005183828,0.0004186644],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003544159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009815264,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000310179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009646059,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998852,0.000009306324,0.000005660819,0.0000299413,0.00004270629,0.00002727945],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999336,0.00002657676,0.00001493925,0.000009939279,0.000008618604,0.000006453793],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001927104,0.00008062129,0.0001766007,0.0001504849,0.0000127916,0.00004095437,0.00003065934,0.0005024447,0.9866952,0.002394287,0.0004382702,0.009284987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001596879,0.00006600442,0.0008801487,0.000006289005,0.000005207144,0.0000411728,0.00001229395,0.002321319,0.9905576,0.0001258212,0.005961325,0.000006905461],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9638711,0.004473337,0.00673065,0.0004774869,0.0001862091,0.00004059393,0.0002247023,0.000263513,0.02373226],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994391,0.0008967501,0.001148112,0.00007358965,0.00002308326,0.00001510183,0.00006123349,0.00003474953,0.00335637],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003194066,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01068521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2883336409","doi":"10.1038/s41557-018-0092-x","title":"Dopant-induced electron localization drives CO2 reduction to C2 hydrocarbons","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Chemistry","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1163,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Faraday efficiency; Electrosynthesis; Dopant; Electrochemistry; Boron; Catalysis; Copper; Product distribution; Valence (chemistry); Carbon fibers; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Doping; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Materials science","authors":[{"name":"Yansong Zhou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fanglin Che","is_ca":true},{"name":"Min Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chengqin Zou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhiqin Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Haifeng Yuan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhi-Qiang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Haipeng Xie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongmei Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peining Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Eva Bladt","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rafael Quintero‐Bermudez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tsun‐Kong Sham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sara Bals","is_ca":false},{"name":"Johan Hofkens","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Gang Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00500987011218798,"gpt":0.2539052553593542,"spread":0.2488953852471662,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007876025,0.0002067552,0.0001734346,0.0001428595,0.0002826993,0.0005904678,0.0003918424,0.0002905661,0.002153575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002127991,0.0001549035,0.00006831868,0.0001663207,0.0003220445,0.0004006968,0.0003565562,0.0003023432,0.0003691382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005491007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001928673,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008232492,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00218715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999307,0.000003862669,0.000003151729,0.00001978844,0.00002100418,0.00002156871],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999282,0.00002583392,0.00001150291,0.0000114888,0.00001026393,0.00001259397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002598424,0.00007193619,0.000329171,0.00009220999,0.000007956806,0.00017986,0.0000942143,0.0005194102,0.9857582,0.003700478,0.0006986695,0.008288121],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000225832,0.00006378804,0.0005400557,0.000005098663,0.000004432051,0.0000587187,0.00005630257,0.007886371,0.9880224,0.000378261,0.002953947,0.000007957017],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9903747,0.0004375899,0.002585707,0.0002444769,0.00007660235,0.000009111023,0.00008829634,0.0001392625,0.006044177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9977182,0.0001448861,0.0004085068,0.0000206226,0.000008026792,0.000003858241,0.00003318084,0.00002738713,0.001635444],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002153575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007204413,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2793607420","doi":"10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00010","title":"Electrolytic CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction in a Flow Cell","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Accounts of Chemical Research","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1044,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Trusts; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of British Columbia; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Electrolysis; Process engineering; Cathode; Power to gas; Renewable energy; Environmental science; Waste management; Chemistry; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Electrolyte; Electrode; Engineering; Electrical engineering","authors":[{"name":"David M. Weekes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Danielle A. Salvatore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Angelica Reyes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aoxue Huang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Curtis P. Berlinguette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02646867964301496,"gpt":0.3374581554035671,"spread":0.3109894757605521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001883248,0.00028651,0.0002546621,0.0002000262,0.0002708187,0.0007070643,0.0005624764,0.0004913288,0.001984508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001641152,0.00022264,0.0002559198,0.0001664595,0.0003492471,0.0006159754,0.00023385,0.0005536323,0.0007132955],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006316217,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003377578,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007566657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00134932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998837,0.00001047652,0.000007798229,0.00003555354,0.00004008804,0.00002247873],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999317,0.00002030039,0.00001636655,0.00001014448,0.00001400022,0.00000757376],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000738016,0.00004901986,0.0003247621,0.0001342433,0.00001090034,0.00009841401,0.00002788607,0.001245584,0.9826192,0.003415679,0.000497798,0.01150277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001358947,0.0001206023,0.0004782368,0.000008373382,0.00001097317,0.000103325,0.00001073305,0.00858065,0.9812419,0.0002627795,0.009156014,0.00001269295],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7868718,0.00511011,0.1783425,0.001388783,0.0006913171,0.0002944242,0.001009289,0.002675843,0.02361597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9178939,0.001926987,0.0707325,0.0003711448,0.00009580278,0.0001232577,0.0002998427,0.00005254297,0.008503861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001984508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006638825,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2783223040","doi":"10.1038/s41929-017-0018-9","title":"Catalyst electro-redeposition controls morphology and oxidation state for selective carbon dioxide reduction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1026,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Canadian Light Source (Canada); Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; Canadian Light Source; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Catalysis; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Copper; Dissolution; Electrochemistry; Chemical engineering; Oxidation state; Ethylene; Materials science; Selectivity; Density functional theory; Inorganic chemistry; Carbon dioxide; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Carbon monoxide; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy; Composite material","authors":[{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafael Quintero‐Bermudez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Michael B. Ross","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oleksandr S. Bushuyev","is_ca":true},{"name":"Petar Todorović́","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tom Regier","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shana O. Kelley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peidong Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004208738034474511,"gpt":0.2459191504403971,"spread":0.2417104124059226,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001519041,0.0002402928,0.0002169799,0.0001795386,0.0001968292,0.0006454933,0.0005656489,0.000399408,0.001848067],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000382891,0.0002945957,0.0001246363,0.0001852703,0.0002875891,0.0005143706,0.0002966144,0.0003630823,0.000411956],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000279921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001192961,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003051446,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009945191,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998723,0.000007891808,0.0000107429,0.00003534543,0.00005011947,0.00002358986],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998839,0.00003663719,0.00002459172,0.00002365395,0.00002142376,0.000009746757],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001345935,0.00003605924,0.0001604812,0.00005533548,0.000007032843,0.00005045349,0.00002983588,0.0001750877,0.9907658,0.000433296,0.0002377619,0.007914236],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000893088,0.0000425263,0.0003891867,0.000001504114,0.000005753959,0.00004271368,0.00001345196,0.001715388,0.996586,0.00004457666,0.001146416,0.000003636494],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9879733,0.001337764,0.005733646,0.0002196172,0.0001037087,0.00001688241,0.0000871958,0.0001959645,0.004331793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956803,0.0004531546,0.001398572,0.00005038158,0.00001649759,0.000007739703,0.00005766073,0.0000461674,0.002289495],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001848067,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006182432,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2786709116","doi":"10.1039/c7ee03245e","title":"Isolated Ni single atoms in graphene nanosheets for high-performance CO<sub>2</sub> reduction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Environmental Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":1007,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); Saskatoon Medical Imaging; University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Rowland Institute at Harvard; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Graphene; Reduction (mathematics); Materials science; Catalysis; Electrode; Ion; Atom (system on chip); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Kun Jiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Samira Siahrostami","is_ca":false},{"name":"Tingting Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongfeng Hu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sooyeon Hwang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eli Stavitski","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yande Peng","is_ca":false},{"name":"James J. Dynes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mehash Gangisetty","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dong Su","is_ca":false},{"name":"Klaus Attenkofer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haotian Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006601949047117607,"gpt":0.205001004966394,"spread":0.1983990559192764,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004719709,0.0002337976,0.0001370455,0.0001476923,0.0001929398,0.0002652637,0.0003872071,0.0003337767,0.001000058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001281661,0.0001878632,0.0001116031,0.0001212165,0.0001469693,0.0003717034,0.0002411424,0.00030367,0.0003320454],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002766301,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000113817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005256159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002209359,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999541,0.000003907637,0.000002661516,0.000009931989,0.00001992787,0.000009472552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999745,0.000005628485,0.000005016512,0.000004503805,0.000005292285,0.000005127678],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009767716,0.00003617666,0.0001887824,0.00008092287,0.00001287313,0.00005743815,0.00002598922,0.001089984,0.9927472,0.0007362113,0.0003734574,0.004553368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001455797,0.00008877025,0.0006690035,0.000004354312,0.000009266821,0.00003900904,0.00003331902,0.004329606,0.9920942,0.0001630337,0.002546408,0.000008610231],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9891583,0.001125314,0.003759569,0.0002225606,0.0001473827,0.00003095042,0.0002918957,0.0001762134,0.005087774],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947589,0.0002964747,0.003185878,0.00002956808,0.00000968074,0.0000185425,0.0001438993,0.00001919997,0.001537746],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001000058,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00334549,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2962863141","doi":"10.1126/science.aax4608","title":"Molecular electrocatalysts can mediate fast, selective CO <sub>2</sub> reduction in a flow cell","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":912,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of British Columbia","funders":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Reduction (mathematics); Flow (mathematics); Chemistry; Biophysics; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Biology; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Shaoxuan Ren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dorian Joulié","is_ca":true},{"name":"Danielle A. Salvatore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Kristian Torbensen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Min Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Robert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Curtis P. Berlinguette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003693337453944004,"gpt":0.2179443549705575,"spread":0.2142510175166135,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009418298,0.0002396412,0.0001463597,0.0001123406,0.00009528453,0.0004196593,0.0002468151,0.0002904276,0.002121236],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000173767,0.0001938979,0.0001220479,0.00008582704,0.0002591573,0.0004862464,0.0001800819,0.0005045485,0.0003926853],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002241033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008512226,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000188376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004494521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999342,0.000005242513,0.000002880918,0.00001692346,0.00002238879,0.00001830885],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999958,0.00001494674,0.000008576342,0.000004685928,0.000007989022,0.000005800681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006336068,0.00002970137,0.00007473619,0.00004397677,0.000005241293,0.00004317284,0.00001179971,0.0001635725,0.9909517,0.001254424,0.0004971051,0.006861333],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001260647,0.0000560554,0.00030849,0.000001387357,0.000005553726,0.00004441102,0.000004487775,0.001385271,0.9928449,0.0001254804,0.005207323,0.000004036466],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9397783,0.002823923,0.03848305,0.001327825,0.0004215338,0.0001064851,0.0002220268,0.001411808,0.0154249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829776,0.0009022137,0.009952248,0.0002307449,0.00006385714,0.00003896479,0.0001051021,0.00005242286,0.005676902],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002121236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007096231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2900073087","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2018.10.015","title":"Large-Scale and Highly Selective CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction on Nickel Single-Atom Catalyst","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Joule","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":877,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Saskatchewan","funders":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka; Western Economic Diversification Canada; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; National Research Council; University of Saskatchewan; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Light Source; Rowland Institute at Harvard; Rice University; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Centre for Biological Sciences; Cognitive Neuroscience Society; Harvard University; Arizona State University; National Research Council Canada; National Sleep Foundation; China Scholarship Council; Rowland Foundation; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Nickel; Catalysis; Reduction (mathematics); Atom (system on chip); Materials science; Scale (ratio); Inorganic chemistry; Metallurgy; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Physics; Embedded system; Mathematics","authors":[{"name":"Tingting Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kun Jiang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Na Ta","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yongfeng Hu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jie Zeng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jingyue Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haotian Wang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.009878127620912596,"gpt":0.242120518425379,"spread":0.2322423908044664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002310467,0.0003941852,0.0005498803,0.0003061596,0.000409368,0.0005066029,0.0006006408,0.0003361178,0.0008852767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000289237,0.0002409089,0.0001503275,0.0002946547,0.0002494824,0.0004185456,0.000316691,0.0005686667,0.0006462572],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005195529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003425945,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001592936,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005343063,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997633,0.00001724965,0.00001640927,0.00005414783,0.0001088998,0.00003990612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999201,0.00001832655,0.000007321548,0.00002257998,0.00002125356,0.00001044385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000075786,0.00003848864,0.0001357625,0.0001028443,0.000008092918,0.00007277426,0.00004796146,0.0001196225,0.9933679,0.0002895209,0.0003448976,0.005396491],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008357665,0.00002955523,0.0007530879,0.000002185886,0.000007254379,0.00006050158,0.00002195391,0.001407027,0.9953787,0.00003925856,0.002285899,0.000006245226],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.976866,0.002030947,0.008104505,0.000299013,0.0001160517,0.00006162073,0.0003872111,0.0005531805,0.01158147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9909609,0.000660477,0.002827109,0.00003024687,0.00002195953,0.00003673733,0.0003702794,0.00006941727,0.005022896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001592936,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003769696,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2805521597","doi":"10.1038/s41929-018-0084-7","title":"Steering post-C–C coupling selectivity enables high efficiency electroreduction of carbon dioxide to multi-carbon alcohols","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":777,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; China Scholarship Council; Mitacs; University of Toronto; Ontario Centres of Excellence; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canadian Light Source; Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Catalysis; Selectivity; Copper; Electrochemistry; Ethylene; Chemistry; Nanoparticle; Faraday efficiency; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Carbon fibers; Alcohol; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Inorganic chemistry; Carbon monoxide; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Electrode; Composite material; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhiqin Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Seifitokaldani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas Burdyny","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fanglin Che","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fei Meng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yimeng Min","is_ca":true},{"name":"Rafael Quintero‐Bermudez","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuanjie Pang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Miao Zhong","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bo Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peining Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"X. R. Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hongyan Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Wenna Ge","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bangjiao Ye","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shu‐Hong Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.006776215166619026,"gpt":0.2511604545521832,"spread":0.2443842393855641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002478673,0.0004914039,0.0002199026,0.0001920022,0.0002025774,0.0003993077,0.0005130722,0.0004410086,0.002577798],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003054066,0.0002446274,0.000182892,0.0002004732,0.0003486043,0.0004541366,0.0004407623,0.0008233509,0.001078945],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004757502,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002748095,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001365137,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003344852,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997562,0.00002033193,0.00001575247,0.00006113361,0.00006392448,0.00008280312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998904,0.00002980934,0.00002212213,0.00001629281,0.00002279206,0.00001845463],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001583679,0.00008531898,0.0001991421,0.0001086,0.00001314126,0.0001371432,0.00005578194,0.0006131817,0.9828645,0.002722554,0.001280047,0.0117622],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000817558,0.0000503453,0.0002118208,0.000002056853,0.000003484334,0.00004510085,0.00001007592,0.001813216,0.994619,0.00009583509,0.003132139,0.000008801499],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.940864,0.001127608,0.02683404,0.0007997716,0.0003149337,0.0001114837,0.0004132973,0.0009129934,0.02862196],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934433,0.0003026545,0.001784389,0.0001195716,0.00002450184,0.00002208518,0.0001411644,0.00004650227,0.004115944],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002577798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00862366,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007938233","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.aay3111","title":"Strategies in catalysts and electrolyzer design for electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>reduction toward C<sub>2+</sub>products","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Science Advances","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":739,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan Joint Fund; National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Electrochemistry; Electrolysis; Reduction (mathematics); Catalysis; Electrocatalyst; Materials science; Chemistry; Electrode; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Lei Fan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chuan Xia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fangqi Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jun Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haotian Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yingying Lü","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02894481353809638,"gpt":0.3151651817648262,"spread":0.2862203682267298,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005103392,0.001112201,0.001034615,0.001726594,0.0003302862,0.0008204288,0.0009244957,0.001058663,0.003553718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005067787,0.0004234225,0.0005398719,0.002336902,0.0003762706,0.001658587,0.0005675788,0.001547154,0.002514912],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006762649,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007983244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007572739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001997541,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998072,0.00002430342,0.00002060701,0.00004786725,0.00007630855,0.00002382053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998521,0.00006421034,0.00002276646,0.000008453062,0.00004435233,0.00000812947],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006695656,0.0001068983,0.0001712869,0.03842662,0.00009907975,0.000238867,0.00009390187,0.001315983,0.03043985,0.02369033,0.01523774,0.8901125],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001051496,0.0001678639,0.0004478757,0.002362405,0.0001346945,0.0008669542,0.00007374165,0.000443817,0.01508722,0.004713195,0.9756576,0.00003402206],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007410606,0.9906606,0.002518779,0.0003095296,0.0003413884,0.00002634162,0.00006710851,0.00003298533,0.005302188],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00348043,0.9912767,0.002625688,0.0002077627,0.00009325209,0.00003319708,0.00007873979,0.000007915701,0.002196249],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003553718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01188838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3007475430","doi":"10.1038/s41563-020-0610-2","title":"Molecular enhancement of heterogeneous CO2 reduction","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Materials","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":731,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; University of Toronto","funders":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Office of Science; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Catalysis; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Electrosynthesis; Overpotential; Heterogeneous catalysis; Electrocatalyst; Faraday efficiency; Nanotechnology; Materials science; Chemistry; Combinatorial chemistry; Organic chemistry; Electrochemistry; Carbon monoxide","authors":[{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alonso Rosas‐Hernández","is_ca":false},{"name":"Arnaud Thevenon","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Theodor Agapie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jonas C. Peters","is_ca":false},{"name":"Osama Shekhah","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohamed Eddaoudi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01436033908000601,"gpt":0.3039648653269181,"spread":0.2896045262469121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002976836,0.0008498491,0.0008194279,0.001044643,0.0001443797,0.0006072521,0.0006143384,0.0005986942,0.002224259],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002555321,0.000356947,0.0002771729,0.001343136,0.0002455899,0.0008437483,0.0004950258,0.0009274663,0.001351237],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004629763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003853302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006385524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001381995,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999074,0.00001208294,0.000007636137,0.00001967462,0.00003785337,0.00001528274],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999336,0.00002867848,0.00001280768,0.000004057346,0.00001553989,0.00000540075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001093102,0.0001283135,0.00007620834,0.02725216,0.0001094501,0.0001215232,0.00003613247,0.0006387233,0.02281054,0.008501898,0.01956031,0.9206554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001495636,0.0001250777,0.0005918169,0.001718339,0.00009237594,0.0003640385,0.00001939532,0.0002796466,0.01094911,0.001435524,0.9843897,0.00002001874],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006127849,0.9957696,0.0003210186,0.0001243325,0.000195824,0.000008416894,0.00002643017,0.000009128492,0.002932444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003213214,0.9939704,0.0003544831,0.0001243419,0.0001187122,0.00001375451,0.00004497619,0.000003536511,0.002156662],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002224259,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007440925,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4385721011","doi":"10.1038/s43586-023-00243-w","title":"Photocatalytic CO2 reduction","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Reviews Methods Primers","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":720,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Photocatalysis; Process engineering; Fossil fuel; Reduction (mathematics); Biochemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Primer (cosmetics); Catalysis; Characterization (materials science); Materials science; Environmental science; Computer science; Waste management; Engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Siyuan Fang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Motiar Rahaman","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jaya Bharti","is_ca":false},{"name":"Erwin Reisner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Robert","is_ca":false},{"name":"Geoffrey A. Ozin","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yun Hang Hu","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04469091927407017,"gpt":0.4166075481401116,"spread":0.3719166288660414,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005533279,0.001129213,0.0006110083,0.0007010741,0.0005351206,0.001181813,0.0009659647,0.001373245,0.005074329],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004956612,0.0007795009,0.0003536297,0.0007252137,0.0007540186,0.001127729,0.0009487619,0.001911338,0.007039459],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001064254,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006882587,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008771857,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002078872,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991934,0.00006479256,0.0000325653,0.0001874717,0.0004177997,0.0001039465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999785,0.00005147826,0.00003066473,0.00005015688,0.0000650132,0.00001777413],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001171891,0.0001574654,0.0001754218,0.001879652,0.00004147536,0.00007977182,0.00009791919,0.0002630208,0.6650367,0.01596737,0.03081446,0.2853696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001126399,0.00008913277,0.0004881747,0.00007123451,0.00002120484,0.0002115998,0.00001940245,0.0004686298,0.6952441,0.002107869,0.3012434,0.00002382219],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.05021206,0.4300476,0.2580104,0.008774503,0.01369225,0.0006363748,0.001635474,0.00621214,0.2307793],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2836242,0.2645333,0.100564,0.005172076,0.002655339,0.0008682843,0.003170845,0.0008774556,0.3385346],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005074329,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01697528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996484722","doi":"10.1038/s41929-019-0383-7","title":"Cooperative CO2-to-ethanol conversion via enriched intermediates at molecule–metal catalyst interfaces","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":700,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Mitacs; Canadian Light Source; Compute Canada; Ontario Research Foundation; Suncor Energy Incorporated; Argonne National Laboratory; Ontario Centres of Excellence; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Electrosynthesis; Catalysis; Faraday efficiency; Electrochemistry; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Renewable energy; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuguang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanwei Lum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mingchuan Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sung‐Fu Hung","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bin Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yilin Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.003955735505599371,"gpt":0.2341043085950467,"spread":0.2301485730894473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001212776,0.0003561054,0.0003080906,0.0002149654,0.0002822382,0.0007310218,0.0007496979,0.0004181961,0.002728991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003412867,0.0002275991,0.0001275053,0.0001742801,0.0002546665,0.0006722035,0.0005412202,0.000506753,0.0007222886],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004021489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001203318,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000415476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009309066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998368,0.00001180848,0.000005814244,0.00004725764,0.00004203891,0.00005622756],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999118,0.00003498567,0.000009768115,0.00001624433,0.00001536198,0.00001178349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003023424,0.000095374,0.0004656039,0.0001078204,0.00001417739,0.0002136263,0.000138791,0.0008126676,0.9896987,0.002544118,0.0004226176,0.005184122],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002091938,0.00006662834,0.000580382,0.000002473122,0.000007037384,0.00004381251,0.00005431547,0.007568955,0.9899507,0.0003214715,0.001377171,0.000006245418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9875801,0.0003764444,0.005749866,0.0001086191,0.00003750283,0.0000272486,0.00006237779,0.0002258946,0.00583192],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983247,0.00005398196,0.0004683316,0.00001222687,0.000005858253,0.000007594551,0.00002932262,0.0000124143,0.001085595],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002728991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009129405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2583169783","doi":"10.1021/jacs.6b12103","title":"Shape-Dependent Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO on Triangular Silver Nanoplates","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":690,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Overpotential; Faraday efficiency; Chemistry; Catalysis; Electrochemistry; Density functional theory; Redox; Selectivity; Electrocatalyst; Chemical engineering; Facet (psychology); Nanoparticle; Inorganic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Physical chemistry; Materials science; Computational chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Subiao Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hongbiao Tao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Li Zeng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qi Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhenghe Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Qingxia Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jing‐Li Luo","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01087196896992735,"gpt":0.268440795371954,"spread":0.2575688264020266,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000643169,0.0001746747,0.0001883194,0.0001494027,0.0001281852,0.0002458378,0.0002789776,0.000313953,0.0008671279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003258826,0.00012722,0.0001750559,0.0001074595,0.0002601006,0.0002169868,0.0002108688,0.0002654516,0.0003197805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000271516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009205382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007156316,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001473316,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998742,0.00001035964,0.000009710905,0.00002773477,0.00005125696,0.0000267393],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999873,0.0000336499,0.00003021289,0.00001573398,0.00003417654,0.00001316999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006153898,0.000008102244,0.0001454542,0.00003970558,0.000003834537,0.0000588351,0.00001686414,0.0002520027,0.9968087,0.00006572593,0.00006734286,0.002471814],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003213407,0.00005505761,0.0005590793,0.000001422213,0.000004066992,0.00006977845,0.00001629845,0.002988294,0.9959679,0.00002601593,0.0003053739,0.000003619307],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9921048,0.0002668583,0.005028,0.00007176018,0.00002733384,0.00001412359,0.0001068092,0.00016809,0.002212201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957639,0.0001361245,0.003002349,0.00003034505,0.000003989563,0.000008495732,0.0001059809,0.00002666789,0.0009220592],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008671279,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002900839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2522135447","doi":"10.1021/acscatal.6b02299","title":"Electric Field Effects in Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":673,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Density functional theory; Electrochemistry; Ab initio; Chemistry; Polarization (electrochemistry); Catalysis; Electric field; Chemical physics; Ab initio quantum chemistry methods; Computational chemistry; Molecule; Electrode; Physical chemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Leanne D. Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Makoto Urushihara","is_ca":false},{"name":"Karen Chan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jens K. Nørskov","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004164895089438609,"gpt":0.2215828857887978,"spread":0.2174179906993592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002337125,0.0005256432,0.0004089029,0.0003593233,0.0005000679,0.0004420317,0.0006244485,0.0007605905,0.001875849],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005354354,0.0003338681,0.0002882393,0.0002758821,0.000823452,0.0007905501,0.0004219126,0.000604421,0.0002321756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007882302,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004580091,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003467798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002574804,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999022,0.00002122769,0.00000285838,0.000009089077,0.00003722916,0.00002740816],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998444,0.0001044277,0.0000109166,0.000008867616,0.000022715,0.000008567128],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000564305,0.0003950209,0.003262952,0.0009685091,0.00008749203,0.001708009,0.0004781956,0.6879286,0.1810076,0.09030671,0.001888192,0.03140434],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006715886,0.0001159894,0.001053424,0.00002423656,0.00002110047,0.0001262233,0.0001102541,0.9568998,0.02961971,0.01079417,0.001140211,0.00002780994],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9501268,0.003460646,0.02637492,0.0009891081,0.0002108234,0.00007368208,0.0001427248,0.0003170561,0.0183042],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954283,0.0008256179,0.002332357,0.00008319485,0.00001663991,0.00002697268,0.00003702838,0.00002102879,0.001228887],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003467798,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006895244,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3023591493","doi":"10.1038/s41560-020-0607-8","title":"Efficient electrically powered CO2-to-ethanol via suppression of deoxygenation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Energy","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":660,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Suncor Energy Incorporated","keywords":"Deoxygenation; Faraday efficiency; Catalysis; Electrocatalyst; Ethanol fuel; Ethanol; Materials science; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Electrochemistry; Electrode","authors":[{"name":"Xue Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuguang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi‐Sheng Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zitao Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Miaofang Chi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bin Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jason Tam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jane Y. Howe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew H. Proppe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Petar Todorović́","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ahmad R. Kirmani","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Sung‐Fu Hung","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanwei Lum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mingchuan Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yimeng Min","is_ca":true},{"name":"Aoni Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin P. O’Brien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bello Stephen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bin Sun","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexander H. Ip","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lee J. Richter","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shana O. Kelley","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00526768014052208,"gpt":0.2338395162883646,"spread":0.2285718361478425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000755023,0.0003446113,0.0002016182,0.0001188591,0.0001141193,0.0003025156,0.0003532286,0.0002286455,0.001443724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001374239,0.0001151688,0.0001046523,0.0001383724,0.0002155906,0.0003680882,0.0003282502,0.0003246323,0.0004993451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002167105,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000119589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002984443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008716958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999186,0.000007316874,0.000004157087,0.00002150842,0.00002207285,0.00002634518],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999609,0.000009904691,0.000009147422,0.000005357119,0.000008969228,0.000005688491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001440856,0.00003085837,0.0001268819,0.00009723532,0.00000710083,0.00008632377,0.00003446744,0.0002162506,0.9908886,0.001115518,0.0002403785,0.007012259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004032212,0.00002688476,0.0001714508,0.000001860202,0.000001986568,0.00002591306,0.000007628129,0.0008380599,0.9970506,0.00005394588,0.001815063,0.000002466159],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9659931,0.002705403,0.01620332,0.000346101,0.0001893943,0.00004500238,0.0002327924,0.000293329,0.01399145],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9960419,0.0004443197,0.0009778587,0.00004964586,0.00000855571,0.00001230672,0.00005790781,0.00002275432,0.00238481],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001443724,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004829705,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2807879855","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00878","title":"Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to Chemicals and Fuels: A Solution to Global Warming and Energy Crisis","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Energy Letters","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":652,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Citation; Global warming; Energy (signal processing); Environmental research; Computer science; Library science; Environmental science; Climate change; Statistics; Mathematics; Environmental resource management","authors":[{"name":"Sebastian C. Peter","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00917840306782262,"gpt":0.2408938145284741,"spread":0.2317154114606515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005433363,0.0007521549,0.000479662,0.000951537,0.001157765,0.002195353,0.0009538634,0.002455009,0.1570132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008726466,0.0003325697,0.0005604332,0.0009201422,0.0005883194,0.003383756,0.001746331,0.002972106,0.06282982],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00112772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001345241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001730693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005101176,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995883,0.00003132101,0.0000113346,0.00004208393,0.0002033295,0.0001236567],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995136,0.0000454266,0.00004252865,0.00003842026,0.0002182907,0.0001417014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002025495,0.0001795113,0.0007195566,0.0008829503,0.00002970398,0.0003132742,0.0001338277,0.0002812299,0.0280604,0.01691198,0.8134528,0.1388321],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001925537,0.00007947662,0.0007996487,0.0001738218,0.00001498292,0.0001776545,0.0003060086,0.0003866139,0.01624677,0.0059032,0.975871,0.0000215677],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02973432,0.0735498,0.01233147,0.1927263,0.06755488,0.0004427011,0.004981685,0.003400789,0.6152781],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1293855,0.08750387,0.01066206,0.02489898,0.008903066,0.0002478963,0.003281398,0.001572052,0.7335451],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1570132,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5252615,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4289817125","doi":"10.1038/s41929-022-00788-1","title":"High carbon utilization in CO2 reduction to multi-carbon products in acidic media","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":610,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Foundation","keywords":"Chemistry; Carbonate; Bicarbonate; Carbon fibers; Catalysis; Electrolyte; Electrocatalyst; Inorganic chemistry; Total inorganic carbon; Electrolysis; Faraday efficiency; Adsorption; Carbonization; Chemical engineering; Carbon dioxide; Materials science; Electrochemistry; Organic chemistry; Electrode; Composite number","authors":[{"name":"Yi Xie","is_ca":false},{"name":"Pengfei Ou","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhanyou Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuguang Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianan Erick Huang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ning Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tianxiang Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tsz Woon Benedict Lo","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jimmy C. Yu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0159948773955314,"gpt":0.257662144485905,"spread":0.2416672670903736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004059693,0.0005070219,0.0003755915,0.0006434467,0.0004324486,0.00106871,0.0006369387,0.0005419618,0.001614359],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004445818,0.0002236229,0.0002108708,0.0004747692,0.0003968766,0.001088193,0.000490576,0.000684933,0.0007124147],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004272246,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002740246,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00145992,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002287691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99963,0.00005771685,0.00002098534,0.00007923484,0.0001297761,0.0000823279],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998013,0.00007324083,0.00001669607,0.00001902684,0.00005218133,0.00003755868],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004011452,0.00007197248,0.0002419865,0.000107471,0.000008790432,0.0001159826,0.00004275961,0.0001944438,0.9941815,0.000473726,0.0001343468,0.004025952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005303644,0.00009879654,0.0003822506,0.000002406292,0.000004766163,0.00005093065,0.00001869925,0.0007598777,0.9977865,0.00003798324,0.0008477904,0.000004615763],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845737,0.002869213,0.003917788,0.0001689306,0.00007314161,0.00002658819,0.0001732191,0.0001426936,0.008054806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966121,0.0005401678,0.0009900113,0.00001760282,0.00001761707,0.000007111967,0.0001206279,0.00003216715,0.001662713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001614359,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005400598,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2969819714","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2019.07.021","title":"Continuous Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction to Concentrated Multi-carbon Products Using a Membrane Electrode Assembly","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Joule","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":606,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Government of Ontario; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; CMC Microsystems","keywords":"Electrolysis; Cathode; Faraday efficiency; Electrochemistry; Carbon dioxide; Membrane electrode assembly; Chemical engineering; Ethylene; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Carbon fibers; Materials science; Electrode; Chemistry; Waste management; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Electrolyte; Carbon monoxide; Composite material; Engineering","authors":[{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin P. O’Brien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jonathan P. Edwards","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0138060057256163,"gpt":0.2546103184992836,"spread":0.2408043127736673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003287707,0.0003272896,0.0003964728,0.0003587448,0.0004269907,0.0004534916,0.0006843373,0.0006234064,0.0008413358],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002518316,0.0003356418,0.0003111155,0.0002647993,0.0001938897,0.0004951979,0.0003629103,0.0008058425,0.0005753175],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004551096,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002917005,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007179689,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001699927,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996797,0.00002448428,0.00002432539,0.0000997706,0.0001283479,0.00004340623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998609,0.0000388907,0.00001971915,0.00002529973,0.00003269785,0.00002256398],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002454201,0.00001884158,0.00003637501,0.00001508934,0.000003984582,0.00002392736,0.00001108797,0.00004035246,0.9985389,0.0001124783,0.00004091606,0.001133729],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005442277,0.0000507373,0.0003334401,0.000001657664,0.000005028486,0.00004197546,0.000004692014,0.0007616466,0.9977168,0.00002163881,0.001053151,0.000003733743],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9433581,0.001591029,0.04894963,0.0003009306,0.0002488752,0.0001004974,0.0002656088,0.0008188906,0.004366517],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9645971,0.0004837698,0.02850017,0.00008094093,0.00005371735,0.00008811204,0.0002437824,0.00006341958,0.005889076],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008413358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003302097,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4212893898","doi":"10.1038/s41560-021-00973-9","title":"Gas diffusion electrodes, reactor designs and key metrics of low-temperature CO2 electrolysers","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Energy","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":597,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Gas diffusion electrode; Electrolysis; Syngas; Process engineering; Mixing (physics); Diffusion; Carbon monoxide; Current (fluid); Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Catalysis; Electrode; Thermodynamics; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Electrical engineering; Electrolyte","authors":[{"name":"David Wakerley","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah Lamaison","is_ca":false},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Auston L. Clemens","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeremy T. Feaster","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Corral","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaffiq A. Jaffer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Amitava Sarkar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Marc Fontecave","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eric B. Duoss","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sarah E. Baker","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas F. Jaramillo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher Hahn","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.005464161135252471,"gpt":0.221473843140842,"spread":0.2160096820055895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001928429,0.0008720642,0.0008804116,0.0008601872,0.0004764096,0.003437896,0.001893418,0.001533147,0.002393211],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003531868,0.0005510479,0.0002907557,0.0008687435,0.0005645321,0.003258887,0.000671457,0.001145367,0.001145039],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001773777,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005587137,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008418122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001602315,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988323,0.0001721198,0.00006534677,0.0002484196,0.0005854039,0.00009649838],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986464,0.000365445,0.0002154627,0.0001333528,0.0005608879,0.00007844222],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001073447,0.0001980465,0.002159164,0.001656649,0.00005639188,0.0001133911,0.000138208,0.01086849,0.8663079,0.01846339,0.002463263,0.09650169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002852328,0.0005509971,0.002879464,0.00004930354,0.0000496069,0.0001960826,0.00009718805,0.01737841,0.9594465,0.002980381,0.01630151,0.00004205966],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5392727,0.06523198,0.3396772,0.005966916,0.0009113627,0.0004369177,0.002182689,0.003959625,0.04236063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9150806,0.009261762,0.06652827,0.000172795,0.0001679108,0.00009952135,0.0005447243,0.000301087,0.007843294],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003437896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01286972,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2944198683","doi":"10.1021/jacs.9b02945","title":"Binding Site Diversity Promotes CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction to Ethanol","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":562,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Compute Canada; Suncor Energy Incorporated; Ontario Centres of Excellence","keywords":"Chemistry; Ethanol; Diversity (politics); Environmental chemistry; Stereochemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Yuguang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tiange Yuan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mingchuan Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bin Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ying Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oleksandr Voznyy","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008112105869280442,"gpt":0.2376826586190606,"spread":0.2295705527497802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001094655,0.0002161628,0.0001873637,0.0001125523,0.0002220155,0.0003478215,0.0004227895,0.0002791476,0.00342306],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003120435,0.000165426,0.00008329174,0.000151045,0.0002281927,0.000279294,0.0003644561,0.0004107981,0.0008240356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002832143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001747297,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006173354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002782675,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998689,0.00002319694,0.000003637374,0.00003112895,0.00002850914,0.000044633],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999275,0.00002610753,0.000009046345,0.00001160119,0.00001291753,0.00001282934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005013673,0.0001328701,0.0006590732,0.00008774579,0.00002012957,0.0001607339,0.00009257979,0.001179844,0.9755128,0.003238749,0.001841529,0.01657267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004577144,0.0003320539,0.00147326,0.00001309961,0.00002197083,0.0003354491,0.0001005922,0.006608069,0.9774647,0.001098886,0.01248026,0.00002590211],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750622,0.0006530653,0.006738985,0.0002556923,0.00008272829,0.00002639675,0.0001529144,0.0003199066,0.01670822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956841,0.0002005765,0.001191151,0.0001121828,0.00000864325,0.00001012855,0.00008764811,0.00003684737,0.002668577],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00342306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0114513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3042815916","doi":"10.1038/s41467-020-17403-1","title":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction to high-concentration pure formic acid solutions in an all-solid-state reactor","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":560,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","funders":"Zhejiang University; China Scholarship Council; Rice University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Welch Foundation","keywords":"Formic acid; Formate; Faraday efficiency; Electrolyte; Electrochemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Anode; Materials science; Inert gas; Chemistry; Catalysis; Electrode; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Lei Fan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chuan Xia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peng Zhu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yingying Lü","is_ca":false},{"name":"Haotian Wang","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02499157642037117,"gpt":0.306470558486869,"spread":0.2814789820664979,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002187769,0.000438268,0.0003542188,0.0002387963,0.0001757534,0.0004993232,0.0004280693,0.0004109763,0.0004986789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002011086,0.000262705,0.0001757094,0.0001897623,0.0002803216,0.0003185764,0.0002669621,0.000474764,0.0002800483],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002925341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001924206,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005590693,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001224117,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997868,0.00002999608,0.00001626845,0.00006195148,0.00007854408,0.00002646817],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999136,0.00002394481,0.0000151356,0.00001344419,0.00002035714,0.00001353153],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002726383,0.000009825148,0.00005296827,0.00002545656,0.000004343863,0.00002003925,0.000008139416,0.00006978082,0.9986582,0.00006053714,0.00003162952,0.001031881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004566345,0.00003921988,0.0001500086,9.474178e-7,0.000003222153,0.00002896555,0.000005564732,0.001465385,0.9977608,0.00001548205,0.0005232695,0.000002694264],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9685592,0.0008404605,0.0275178,0.0001334155,0.0000899654,0.00005781357,0.0002410133,0.0005975157,0.001962827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.982434,0.0003846065,0.01528499,0.00003192822,0.00001208266,0.00002214887,0.0001424532,0.00003474303,0.001653044],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005590693,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002122521,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3118309275","doi":"10.1038/s41565-020-00823-x","title":"An industrial perspective on catalysts for low-temperature CO2 electrolysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":558,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Government of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Natural Resources Canada; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Nanomaterial-based catalyst; Electrolysis of water; Process engineering; Electrochemistry; Nanotechnology; Electrolysis; Formic acid; Faraday efficiency; Catalysis; Materials science; Environmental science; Computer science; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Richard I. Masel","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zengcai Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hongzhou Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jerry J. Kaczur","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniel Carrillo","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shaoxuan Ren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Danielle A. Salvatore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Curtis P. Berlinguette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01734681917180758,"gpt":0.3313323300616661,"spread":0.3139855108898585,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006616476,0.001040464,0.001061256,0.002228468,0.0002953272,0.00127641,0.0008648385,0.001719716,0.003053047],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006534141,0.0004592998,0.000485749,0.003054323,0.0005549772,0.00182318,0.00072489,0.002278673,0.001952207],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007363489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001040731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001027939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002462687,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997479,0.00003171475,0.00002558037,0.00004508477,0.000115337,0.00003423669],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996933,0.0001712363,0.00003190513,0.0000121389,0.00007440234,0.00001703516],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001032428,0.0001400515,0.0001304847,0.02839932,0.00009089862,0.000272852,0.00008811474,0.0008827214,0.01070945,0.02602118,0.04512863,0.888033],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006980116,0.00008301534,0.0002217564,0.002002332,0.00003677181,0.0002592432,0.00002702229,0.00008181954,0.001301664,0.002885537,0.9930834,0.0000105495],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001463783,0.99682,0.0001694173,0.0002785888,0.0002728624,0.000002699297,0.00001717091,0.000004538952,0.002288317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001048056,0.9969867,0.0002067627,0.0002664649,0.0001934269,0.000005037713,0.00002719824,0.000002043466,0.001264444],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003053047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01021343,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2474703360","doi":"10.1007/s10800-005-9058-y","title":"Calculation for the cathode surface concentrations in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 in KHCO3 solutions","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Electrochemistry","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":554,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Tafel equation; Electrochemistry; Reduction (mathematics); Electrode; Cathode; Chemistry; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Mathematics; Physical chemistry; Geometry; Chromatography; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Nivedita Gupta","is_ca":true},{"name":"M. Gattrell","is_ca":true},{"name":"B. MacDougall","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01181346152259945,"gpt":0.2607090129764793,"spread":0.2488955514538799,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002424177,0.0003519313,0.0003589658,0.0003997043,0.0003721834,0.0005306021,0.0007115483,0.0005641844,0.002310417],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007951884,0.0001954916,0.0002970652,0.0002555441,0.0002052798,0.0003293583,0.0002014614,0.0004292645,0.0005936003],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007172303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005207922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005890792,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005043863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999067,0.00001086042,0.000004366841,0.00001183475,0.00005182076,0.0000143946],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997683,0.000110892,0.000008102992,0.00001376062,0.00009286206,0.000006059111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001043142,0.0002832636,0.008818842,0.001463224,0.0001683914,0.001156964,0.0004970336,0.3013552,0.4716413,0.08294415,0.005249864,0.1253786],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007540622,0.00009378963,0.004096123,0.0000499462,0.00005394274,0.0002010087,0.0001303184,0.7528423,0.230446,0.005231682,0.006751859,0.00002766708],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6513993,0.001692949,0.2887159,0.0009894791,0.0002968729,0.000247045,0.00115973,0.001262091,0.05423671],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9629642,0.0004319753,0.02700259,0.00008881381,0.00001313647,0.00008060119,0.000270567,0.0001203286,0.009027843],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005890792,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01171297,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2996755838","doi":"10.1038/s41929-019-0397-1","title":"Catalyst synthesis under CO2 electroreduction favours faceting and promotes renewable fuels electrosynthesis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":544,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Light Source; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Connaught Fund; Mitacs; University of Toronto; Office of Science; Government of Ontario; Fonds de recherche du Québec – Nature et technologies; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Ontario Centres of Excellence; Argonne National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Electrosynthesis; Faceting; Faraday efficiency; Catalysis; Copper; Renewable energy; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Electrochemistry; Selectivity; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Electrode; Metallurgy; Electrical engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Md Golam Kibria","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ali Seifitokaldani","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chih‐Shan Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mingchuan Luo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hua Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanwei Lum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mengxia Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew H. Proppe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew Johnston","is_ca":true},{"name":"Petar Todorović́","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao-Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shana O. Kelley","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004869970191479189,"gpt":0.2246153505235155,"spread":0.2197453803320363,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001748128,0.0005599977,0.0004926637,0.0004745717,0.0004357394,0.001182135,0.0004440592,0.0005103386,0.00349982],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005174461,0.0002744426,0.0003047318,0.0004569577,0.0004478419,0.0008601815,0.0004706341,0.0009189366,0.001163704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006647329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004005406,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00132843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005016916,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996707,0.00001798728,0.0000215705,0.0001057242,0.0001032206,0.00008081547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997564,0.00007323585,0.00003874589,0.00005091657,0.0000526248,0.00002801284],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001244353,0.00003244547,0.0002146789,0.0001120123,0.00001079411,0.00009938772,0.00003829787,0.0002251984,0.9938604,0.0007236153,0.0002937297,0.004265076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004021722,0.00002355585,0.0003966009,0.000003247015,0.000004059609,0.00003245512,0.00001836511,0.0007312899,0.9975607,0.0001029143,0.00111901,0.000003777413],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9399275,0.002747522,0.02239447,0.0005493785,0.0003052523,0.00007066636,0.0006055082,0.001411048,0.03198869],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938981,0.0005386447,0.001951124,0.00007443355,0.00003836516,0.00001612253,0.0002902168,0.0002128655,0.00298022],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00349982,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01170802,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2895982214","doi":"10.1038/s41929-018-0168-4","title":"Copper nanocavities confine intermediates for efficient electrosynthesis of C3 alcohol fuels from carbon monoxide","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":538,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Argonne National Laboratory; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Canadian Light Source; Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of Toronto; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Electrosynthesis; Carbon monoxide; Catalysis; Copper; Selectivity; Chemical engineering; Materials science; Hydrogen; Nanoparticle; Inorganic chemistry; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Electrochemistry; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Metallurgy","authors":[{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuanjie Pang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhi-Qin Liang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chih‐Shan Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"Pei-Lun Hsieh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Thomas Burdyny","is_ca":true},{"name":"Huihui Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Mengxia Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew H. Proppe","is_ca":true},{"name":"Andrew Johnston","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Zhenyu Wu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ya‐Rong Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Alexander H. Ip","is_ca":true},{"name":"Hairen Tan","is_ca":true},{"name":"Lih‐Juann Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shu‐Hong Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shana O. Kelley","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00745299262988834,"gpt":0.2537083337244397,"spread":0.2462553410945514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001292894,0.0003114333,0.0001454386,0.000259747,0.0003689477,0.0006209621,0.0004857201,0.0003652812,0.002206438],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003845415,0.0002448554,0.0001236516,0.0002078546,0.0003453426,0.0004377557,0.0004270678,0.0005179217,0.0005121351],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008449313,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002029506,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001547194,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003028566,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998322,0.00001332419,0.000009215588,0.00003558462,0.00005668376,0.00005298984],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998688,0.00003453549,0.00002701215,0.00002532999,0.00002684737,0.00001753266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003601111,0.00007413149,0.0003625193,0.0001558953,0.00001961591,0.0002379864,0.0001961371,0.001192131,0.9769171,0.005064412,0.002637033,0.01278287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001699113,0.00008193043,0.0003225157,0.000005727906,0.000006899258,0.0000492265,0.00003987073,0.002766117,0.9924691,0.0002135978,0.004018412,0.000009576552],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9769769,0.001303967,0.004469879,0.0003227511,0.0001329435,0.00003022183,0.0001320071,0.0004056648,0.01622579],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961969,0.0002041752,0.001066755,0.00003276882,0.00001502383,0.00001164562,0.00005245954,0.00004970561,0.002370616],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002206438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00738132,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3005105004","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.0c00018","title":"Boosting CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction to CH<sub>4</sub> via Tuning Neighboring Single-Copper Sites","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Energy Letters","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":534,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality; Office of Science; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Copper; Nitrogen; Catalysis; Density functional theory; Pyrolysis; Electrocatalyst; Carbon fibers; Chemistry; Doping; Inorganic chemistry; Dispersion (optics); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Materials science; Electrochemistry; Physical chemistry; Computational chemistry; Electrode; Composite number","authors":[{"name":"Anxiang Guan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zheng Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yueli Quan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peng Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Zhiqiang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tsun‐Kong Sham","is_ca":true},{"name":"Chao Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yali Ji","is_ca":false},{"name":"Linping Qian","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xin Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gengfeng Zheng","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01667346891143775,"gpt":0.2181442066576322,"spread":0.2014707377461945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001057517,0.0006079218,0.0002508173,0.0002240952,0.0002536219,0.0003887802,0.0005205976,0.0003059492,0.001146303],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003216088,0.0001822879,0.0001247812,0.0001913286,0.0003581083,0.0005246091,0.0003530961,0.0003132155,0.0003894434],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005307019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001751236,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001264323,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003568923,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998674,0.0000123186,0.000006689455,0.00003729005,0.00004300658,0.00003324315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998552,0.00003999376,0.00003859986,0.00001921819,0.00003237771,0.00001457905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001101611,0.00005102504,0.0006031404,0.0001877025,0.00001667157,0.0001248294,0.00005023594,0.0009394739,0.9862039,0.0008399124,0.0002508814,0.01062194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000430684,0.00005641286,0.0006530749,0.000002806443,0.000007083397,0.00005868096,0.00002190087,0.003244555,0.9945149,0.00006792902,0.001363006,0.000005379855],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982462,0.001550831,0.007806704,0.0001382734,0.0000830093,0.00003343841,0.00008042652,0.0002238637,0.007621373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942175,0.0004421431,0.004374388,0.00002671664,0.00001399852,0.00001755839,0.00004821826,0.00003199274,0.0008274615],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001264323,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003850579,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2891376110","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1802256115","title":"On the origin of the elusive first intermediate of CO <sub>2</sub> electroreduction","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":529,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Formate; Catalysis; Milestone; Chemistry; Reaction intermediate; Combinatorial chemistry; Carboxylate; Selectivity; Computational chemistry; Stereochemistry; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"И. В. Чернышова","is_ca":false},{"name":"P. Somasundaran","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sathish Ponnurangam","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02385509369326064,"gpt":0.2886863458336914,"spread":0.2648312521404307,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004184701,0.0004692392,0.000469462,0.0003243505,0.0006588639,0.001546755,0.0006397293,0.0009055017,0.003143088],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008480286,0.0002715202,0.0002294314,0.0002196325,0.001755079,0.002290209,0.0007531418,0.002146693,0.0008740836],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007019539,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004887827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000512568,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005894435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998135,0.00002576679,0.000006434906,0.00004909209,0.00005597581,0.00004917521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997839,0.0001159774,0.00002467145,0.00002916209,0.00003237303,0.00001385407],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006347829,0.000116374,0.001756419,0.001204842,0.00002876123,0.001269204,0.000948412,0.008689111,0.3907584,0.5438729,0.003900261,0.04682051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002183399,0.0002821597,0.001605016,0.0001560062,0.00004402484,0.0006803517,0.001226587,0.02856841,0.6834985,0.2517427,0.03208157,0.00009286327],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7745456,0.02479064,0.1140964,0.01186586,0.001581555,0.0001110787,0.0003069334,0.0005968667,0.07210497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9788446,0.006570328,0.007722125,0.0005568258,0.0001428153,0.00003941447,0.00008722976,0.0001045741,0.005932192],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003143088,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01051474,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2765148856","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2017.09.014","title":"Sulfur-Modulated Tin Sites Enable Highly Selective Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Joule","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":506,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Canadian Light Source (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; China Scholarship Council; University of Saskatchewan; National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Research Council Canada; Ontario Research Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Western Economic Diversification Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Formate; Faraday efficiency; Tin; Electrochemistry; Catalysis; XANES; Sulfur; Materials science; Inorganic chemistry; Reversible hydrogen electrode; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Redox; Electrolyte; Atomic layer deposition; Chemical engineering; Electrode; Chemistry; Nanotechnology; Working electrode; Layer (electronics); Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Spectroscopy; Physical chemistry; Carbon monoxide","authors":[{"name":"Xueli Zheng","is_ca":true},{"name":"Phil De Luna","is_ca":true},{"name":"F. Pelayo Garcı́a de Arquer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bo Zhang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Nigel Becknell","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael B. Ross","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yifan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mohammad Norouzi Banis","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuzhang Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Min Liu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Oleksandr Voznyy","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Philipp Stadler","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yi Cui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xi‐Wen Du","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peidong Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01136414406731634,"gpt":0.2610956093997645,"spread":0.2497314653324482,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001382735,0.0002906745,0.0001651073,0.0001716529,0.0001436988,0.000379863,0.0004333722,0.0003354142,0.001093999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002040241,0.0001672298,0.0001168344,0.0001734474,0.0002308241,0.0003560414,0.000228069,0.0003357306,0.0002625595],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002823682,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001257132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004437575,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001915683,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999922,0.000006444505,0.000005610377,0.00002047261,0.00002668461,0.00001875507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999527,0.000009079504,0.000009637421,0.000007746538,0.00001251661,0.000008383997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009592032,0.00002418337,0.000135391,0.00007372013,0.000007307654,0.00005460826,0.00002587924,0.0001111389,0.9932665,0.0009259169,0.0002876719,0.004991783],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005011512,0.00003840285,0.0002343231,0.000001453848,0.000004304364,0.00004237452,0.00001032115,0.0008547647,0.9970182,0.00004275793,0.001744918,0.000003109467],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.976989,0.00124313,0.01305655,0.0001657371,0.0002121647,0.00002797145,0.000177406,0.0004099073,0.007718069],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9925433,0.0003252844,0.003047552,0.00004165709,0.00001428569,0.000008778743,0.0001133853,0.00003736241,0.003868367],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001093999,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003659844,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2968917598","doi":"10.1038/s41467-019-11542-w","title":"CO2 electrochemical catalytic reduction with a highly active cobalt phthalocyanine","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":500,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Sorbonne Université; Institut Universitaire de France; China Scholarship Council; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Selectivity; Phthalocyanine; Catalysis; Cobalt; Nanomaterial-based catalyst; Electrochemistry; Materials science; Inorganic chemistry; Noble metal; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Electrode; Nanotechnology; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Min Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Kristian Torbensen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Danielle A. Salvatore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Shaoxuan Ren","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dorian Joulié","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fabienne Dumoulin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Daniela Mendoza","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benedikt Lassalle‐Kaiser","is_ca":false},{"name":"Ümit İşçi","is_ca":false},{"name":"Curtis P. Berlinguette","is_ca":true},{"name":"Marc Robert","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008116158959723316,"gpt":0.2637356447427973,"spread":0.2556194857830739,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001353685,0.0002666337,0.0001972268,0.000128365,0.00008831151,0.0002107494,0.0001996463,0.0001960172,0.0005515389],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001765284,0.0001064452,0.00009122245,0.0001240832,0.0002026485,0.0001814001,0.0002087803,0.0001962985,0.0001754666],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002466629,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001012625,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003680443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004335515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998856,0.00001793144,0.000006998265,0.00003387564,0.00003732182,0.00001828315],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999344,0.00001479304,0.00001850105,0.000009183402,0.000008229216,0.00001485535],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000292667,0.00000878915,0.0001186876,0.00003221438,0.00000349668,0.00002609811,0.000008158778,0.00006793961,0.9986174,0.00005718869,0.0000401289,0.0009905772],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007520431,0.00008398144,0.0007479829,0.000001144283,0.00000408383,0.00008121501,0.000003034764,0.0008012622,0.9972789,0.000008891123,0.0009795736,0.000002572627],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9896722,0.0006575786,0.00754908,0.0000854086,0.00002320523,0.0000220213,0.0001339458,0.0002059793,0.001650597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959781,0.0001409796,0.002978145,0.00001299203,0.00000757553,0.000008747658,0.00008165803,0.00001613837,0.0007756514],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005515389,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001845121,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3035708414","doi":"10.1126/science.aaz8459","title":"Chloride-mediated selective electrosynthesis of ethylene and propylene oxides at high current density","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":497,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research","keywords":"Electrosynthesis; Ethylene oxide; Chlorine; Ethylene; Propylene oxide; Electrochemistry; Chemistry; Chloride; Oxide; Inorganic chemistry; Oxygen; Catalysis; Organic chemistry; Electrode","authors":[{"name":"Wan Ru Leow","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yanwei Lum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Adnan Ozden","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Dae‐Hyun Nam","is_ca":true},{"name":"Bin Chen","is_ca":true},{"name":"Joshua Wicks","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.01367689669141188,"gpt":0.24233463651927,"spread":0.2286577398278581,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002186634,0.0005789348,0.0002841419,0.0002796796,0.0001439068,0.0002177599,0.0004104772,0.0003159471,0.001217609],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002486209,0.0001927895,0.0002272181,0.0002246969,0.0002096899,0.0004495802,0.0003439375,0.0005199731,0.0004592854],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001624189,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001627706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004630708,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001476176,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998524,0.00001215267,0.00001037168,0.00004709726,0.00004445542,0.00003352767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999217,0.0000241113,0.00001683786,0.00000617458,0.00001850491,0.00001274089],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001471239,0.000009868511,0.000032434,0.00003667254,0.0000024595,0.00004086119,0.00001945147,0.00005259656,0.9985303,0.00005319717,0.0000381912,0.001169203],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003776049,0.00004802324,0.0002039164,0.000001731798,0.000002447428,0.00003109803,0.000007923379,0.0002919853,0.9987728,0.00001304321,0.0006199994,0.000003050734],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.980731,0.001218703,0.01206056,0.000150421,0.000074667,0.0000661402,0.0002325355,0.0002791496,0.005186797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886293,0.0007997368,0.006725127,0.00007483175,0.00002254693,0.00002888534,0.0002584966,0.00008414394,0.003376835],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001217609,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004073262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2960791141","doi":"10.1038/s41467-019-10996-2","title":"Fundamentals and applications of photocatalytic CO2 methanation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":483,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto; Lions Clubs International Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Methane; Methanation; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Carbon dioxide; Fossil fuel; Renewable energy; Photocatalysis; Solar energy; Natural gas; Carbon-neutral fuel; Carbon fibers; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Environmental chemistry; Waste management; Chemistry; Catalysis; Syngas; Ecology; Engineering; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Ulrich Ulmer","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas L. Dingle","is_ca":true},{"name":"Paul N. Duchesne","is_ca":true},{"name":"Robert H. Morris","is_ca":true},{"name":"Alexandra Tavasoli","is_ca":true},{"name":"Thomas E. Wood","is_ca":true},{"name":"Geoffrey A. Ozin","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.05685815073242226,"gpt":0.3872706831379473,"spread":0.330412532405525,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004334071,0.0009043252,0.0007737936,0.002382896,0.000347412,0.00106395,0.0008762025,0.0009957948,0.003129644],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000380058,0.0004731718,0.0005121571,0.002183418,0.0006497892,0.001345757,0.0007734542,0.001907534,0.002175762],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008446714,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008630037,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001058173,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001062089,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997774,0.00002359815,0.00002180542,0.00004746671,0.00009667539,0.00003312197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998773,0.000050537,0.00001602294,0.000009551268,0.00003650246,0.00001008607],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006449079,0.0001440994,0.0002369557,0.02347959,0.00007250778,0.0004034711,0.0001698327,0.001462381,0.02387641,0.05555126,0.02340094,0.871138],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004070274,0.00004680407,0.0003278755,0.001047306,0.00001844646,0.0006728112,0.00003097625,0.0002326514,0.004404443,0.004833834,0.9883651,0.00001569272],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0004927122,0.9872552,0.00126935,0.0003058314,0.0004264907,0.0000126168,0.00003282968,0.00001924814,0.01018576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.005523203,0.9894828,0.001152395,0.0002008594,0.0003066481,0.00002348623,0.00005144292,0.00000630351,0.003252893],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003129644,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01046968,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3048431271","doi":"10.1016/j.joule.2020.07.009","title":"Cu-Ag Tandem Catalysts for High-Rate CO2 Electrolysis toward Multicarbons","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Joule","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":479,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Science; Samsung; National Institutes of Health; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Tandem; Electrolysis; Catalysis; Materials science; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Engineering; Composite material; Physical chemistry; Electrode; Electrolyte; Organic chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Chubai Chen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yifan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sunmoon Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Sheena Louisia","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jianbo Jin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Mufan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael B. Ross","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peidong Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.02127987244176198,"gpt":0.2572200821806749,"spread":0.2359402097389129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002152439,0.0004418407,0.0004285423,0.0006400735,0.0005058722,0.0006134146,0.0007981457,0.000591778,0.00140222],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003535264,0.0003196704,0.0001711626,0.0004746476,0.0002163847,0.0007441633,0.0005755095,0.0009363596,0.0008113636],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005998557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002401164,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001275846,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004875427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997658,0.00001731837,0.00001392725,0.00005453254,0.00009227249,0.0000561304],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999055,0.00001834247,0.00001131408,0.00001633546,0.00003281677,0.00001577244],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002230923,0.0001153329,0.0002513504,0.0002947965,0.00003441523,0.000160592,0.00009679201,0.000725885,0.9654017,0.00144731,0.002179435,0.02906917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007592449,0.00006677854,0.0003253011,0.00000452165,0.00001492529,0.00007366799,0.00002546966,0.003064942,0.9924218,0.0001024083,0.003885027,0.000007533414],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9421036,0.01115993,0.02423273,0.0007761939,0.0007687886,0.00008710306,0.0003401572,0.001740869,0.01879074],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897283,0.001296822,0.003696565,0.00004660161,0.00004923472,0.00001681051,0.0001058873,0.0000917961,0.004968038],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00140222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004690945,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3127623051","doi":"10.1038/s41560-020-00761-x","title":"Designing anion exchange membranes for CO2 electrolysers","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Energy","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":458,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Toronto; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Renewable energy; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Membrane; Materials science; Carbon fibers; Carbon dioxide; Biochemical engineering; Catalysis; Chemistry; Engineering; Organic chemistry; Electrical engineering; Carbon monoxide","authors":[{"name":"Danielle A. Salvatore","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Angelica Reyes","is_ca":true},{"name":"Colin P. O’Brien","is_ca":true},{"name":"Steven Holdcroft","is_ca":true},{"name":"Peter N. Pintauro","is_ca":false},{"name":"Bamdad Bahar","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael A. Hickner","is_ca":false},{"name":"Chulsung Bae","is_ca":false},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true},{"name":"Curtis P. Berlinguette","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008997925602420562,"gpt":0.2513914506548407,"spread":0.2423935250524201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004850844,0.0004603428,0.0003665094,0.0002516177,0.0004297073,0.000929207,0.0006716442,0.001014618,0.0009063204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004402851,0.0003263601,0.0003754213,0.0002373549,0.0002119777,0.001445562,0.0004653872,0.0007730419,0.0007704217],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004826548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003342996,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003441189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009364929,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998135,0.00002514622,0.00001657537,0.00003542968,0.00006537267,0.00004401468],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998949,0.00002559848,0.00001880281,0.000008559859,0.00003819645,0.00001396685],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007488581,0.00005871267,0.0001928466,0.0002759101,0.00001609501,0.00009101317,0.00005516649,0.001332015,0.9860319,0.002234984,0.0003011441,0.009335316],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003249046,0.0001612725,0.0002612641,0.00002112788,0.00001476717,0.0001081403,0.00008566148,0.006748131,0.9797219,0.0006840176,0.01214654,0.00001472665],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.8590744,0.008476689,0.1199232,0.001706327,0.0004925971,0.00029788,0.0003281448,0.0005741133,0.009126641],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.908165,0.005530029,0.07929046,0.0003474168,0.00005550166,0.0001871835,0.0003404347,0.00008782857,0.005996107],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001014618,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003501892,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2573313258","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05287","title":"Structure-Sensitive CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction to Hydrocarbons on Ultrathin 5-fold Twinned Copper Nanowires","year":2017,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nano Letters","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":454,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Samsung; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Nanowire; Copper; Fold (higher-order function); Materials science; Nanotechnology; Crystallography; Nanoparticle; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Metallurgy","authors":[{"name":"Yifan Li","is_ca":false},{"name":"Fan Cui","is_ca":false},{"name":"Michael B. Ross","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dohyung Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yuchun Sun","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peidong Yang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.008893900455664171,"gpt":0.2430895680393234,"spread":0.2341956675836592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008605644,0.000171584,0.0001456901,0.00008708844,0.00009906654,0.0002502586,0.0001993638,0.0001794251,0.0003035042],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002568742,0.0001970198,0.0001069527,0.00009038789,0.000191651,0.000199315,0.0001355434,0.0002012886,0.000104263],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002407546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008460668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005247174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001177026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998871,0.00001216917,0.000008436839,0.00002553163,0.000043783,0.00002296487],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999136,0.00001998824,0.00002353959,0.0000137601,0.00002065048,0.000008566994],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001794253,0.000005491248,0.0002248461,0.0000227802,0.000003236955,0.00003639884,0.00001249854,0.0002100073,0.9980216,0.00009389797,0.00003068515,0.001320657],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001564616,0.00002832429,0.001112439,0.000001192678,0.000003051122,0.00004222094,0.000009486789,0.002014047,0.9964269,0.00001776564,0.00034099,0.000002000511],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956742,0.0002756532,0.002883155,0.00002726069,0.0000179809,0.000006915613,0.00003546138,0.00003917827,0.00104037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968619,0.0001513424,0.00237542,0.000008873187,0.000003276483,0.000004857359,0.00005468742,0.00001019307,0.0005294147],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005247174,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001746833,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W4200623428","doi":"10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00521","title":"Free Energies of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reagents and Their Applications","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Chemical Reviews","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":443,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of British Columbia","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Division of Chemistry; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Thermochemistry; Chemistry; Electron transfer; Proton-coupled electron transfer; Generality; Gibbs free energy; Computational chemistry; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Chemical physics; Nanotechnology; Physical chemistry; Physics","authors":[{"name":"Rishi G. Agarwal","is_ca":false},{"name":"Scott C. Coste","is_ca":false},{"name":"Benjamin D. Groff","is_ca":false},{"name":"Abigail M. Heuer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hyunho Noh","is_ca":false},{"name":"Giovanny A. Parada","is_ca":false},{"name":"Catherine F. Wise","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eva M. Nichols","is_ca":true},{"name":"Jeffrey J. Warren","is_ca":true},{"name":"James M. Mayer","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.04023438049512738,"gpt":0.3234600185176035,"spread":0.2832256380224761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001539374,0.001288215,0.0009975942,0.001338585,0.0004886879,0.00104361,0.002235162,0.001165829,0.01252575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002701725,0.0006759072,0.0009222329,0.001581593,0.0007895958,0.003091852,0.001679974,0.001969987,0.002467706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001197653,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005093834,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004852432,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006306118,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991361,0.000181908,0.00005812445,0.0001688608,0.0003818904,0.00007308398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999324,0.0004513027,0.00006725343,0.00005294053,0.00008967667,0.00001475454],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002371908,0.0001564045,0.001618331,0.01592257,0.0003871105,0.0004643993,0.0004414451,0.05329457,0.06120569,0.4546648,0.03211638,0.3794912],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006356645,0.000790003,0.002733566,0.001417613,0.0002382416,0.001503968,0.0002638372,0.04713534,0.171546,0.2825584,0.4914276,0.0003218586],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.06688584,0.6056732,0.2310603,0.006340485,0.005569658,0.00020838,0.00326767,0.000765878,0.08022863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4922405,0.4017874,0.06038847,0.002086756,0.00168757,0.000963527,0.004145355,0.0008736761,0.03582656],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01252575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04190278,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2436645641","doi":"10.1021/jacs.6b02878","title":"A Molecular Surface Functionalization Approach to Tuning Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reduction","year":2016,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":425,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Samsung; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Overpotential; Surface modification; Tafel equation; Chemistry; Catalysis; Nanoparticle; Carbene; Nanomaterials; Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Carbon dioxide; Inorganic chemistry; Combinatorial chemistry; Electrochemistry; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry; Materials science; Carbon monoxide; Electrode","authors":[{"name":"Zhi Cao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dohyung Kim","is_ca":false},{"name":"Dachao Hong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yi Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jun Xu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Song Lin","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiaodong Wen","is_ca":false},{"name":"Eva M. Nichols","is_ca":false},{"name":"Keunhong Jeong","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jeffrey A. Reimer","is_ca":false},{"name":"Peidong Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Christopher J. Chang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.00948633898800578,"gpt":0.2366584167118935,"spread":0.2271720777238878,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001483174,0.0003642244,0.00017704,0.000205205,0.0001884974,0.0002625448,0.000337491,0.0003937664,0.0007549206],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001984101,0.0001855997,0.0002449898,0.0001329847,0.000252487,0.0002481496,0.0001600897,0.000526222,0.0002625526],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004504847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001871157,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006874615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001480856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998409,0.00001828927,0.00001042218,0.00004366602,0.00006636819,0.00002041744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999429,0.00001454864,0.00001015007,0.00000967656,0.00001762931,0.000005083016],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009366929,0.00002163291,0.00003885336,0.00003581695,0.000004720987,0.00001772212,0.000008948663,0.0001806083,0.9962363,0.0003912265,0.00005666127,0.002998092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002791239,0.00005751237,0.0001516264,0.000001116145,0.000004781446,0.00004539994,0.000003374868,0.001100281,0.9968542,0.00003601477,0.001740051,0.000002923065],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8795299,0.004469025,0.1008782,0.0009358354,0.0002828635,0.000226751,0.0002240139,0.0006370266,0.01281631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9459373,0.001848562,0.04558515,0.0002060682,0.000036644,0.00008847773,0.000157838,0.00005029117,0.006089595],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007549206,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00326854,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2935876896","doi":"10.1002/anie.201903613","title":"Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to HCOOH over Sub‐2 nm SnO<sub>2</sub> Quantum Wires with Exposed Grain Boundaries","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":417,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Research Foundation","keywords":"Electrochemistry; Materials science; Grain boundary; Reactivity (psychology); Faraday efficiency; Quantum dot; Density functional theory; Nanoparticle; Nanotechnology; Electrode; Chemistry; Physical chemistry; Metallurgy; Computational chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Subiao Liu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jing Xiao","is_ca":true},{"name":"Xue Feng Lu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jiong Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xin Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xiong Wen Lou","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.007212034682579533,"gpt":0.2331104518694249,"spread":0.2258984171868454,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001055118,0.0002655445,0.0002218443,0.0001385051,0.000120191,0.0003135098,0.0002233578,0.0002912678,0.0005580617],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001646757,0.0001958933,0.000109551,0.0001615917,0.0002230794,0.0002572043,0.0001757503,0.0001754044,0.0001709218],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003634352,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000147364,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001485784,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004922279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998746,0.000009015052,0.000007358194,0.00003300495,0.00004637218,0.00002964889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999256,0.00001374209,0.00001538627,0.000007434263,0.00002888132,0.000008976031],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003166595,0.000006070534,0.000155854,0.00003038462,0.000003874145,0.00002438138,0.000009734382,0.0001032222,0.9983821,0.0000645073,0.00007064702,0.001117527],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003576213,0.00002086463,0.0005814615,0.000001306801,0.000003724203,0.0000109696,0.00001526576,0.001252152,0.9974848,0.00001633209,0.0006075826,0.000002024736],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944429,0.0003662964,0.00286296,0.00006363316,0.0000509812,0.00001673965,0.0001354122,0.00009988681,0.001961209],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9966786,0.0001582326,0.001592129,0.00001642188,0.00000364663,0.000007568779,0.00005748299,0.00001395159,0.001471973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001485784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002954245,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W3046127587","doi":"10.1002/anie.202008787","title":"Single‐Atom Electrocatalysts from Multivariate Metal–Organic Frameworks for Highly Selective Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> at Low Pressures","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":402,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Basic Energy Sciences; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Office of Science; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; University of Science and Technology of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Canadian Light Source; Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Catalysis; Selectivity; Faraday efficiency; Atom (system on chip); Metal; Electrocatalyst; Metal-organic framework; Carbon fibers; Materials science; Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Physical chemistry; Electrochemistry; Metallurgy; Organic chemistry; Adsorption; Electrode; Computer science","authors":[{"name":"Long Jiao","is_ca":false},{"name":"Weijie Yang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Gang Wan","is_ca":false},{"name":"Rui Zhang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Xusheng Zheng","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hua Zhou","is_ca":false},{"name":"Shu‐Hong Yu","is_ca":false},{"name":"Hai‐Long Jiang","is_ca":false}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.0126878193080304,"gpt":0.2475338812361562,"spread":0.2348460619281258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008433803,0.0004247471,0.0003068589,0.0002679502,0.0001396445,0.0003322861,0.0003935718,0.0003120816,0.0007572421],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001413801,0.0002243671,0.0002100583,0.0002227154,0.0002042382,0.0002879666,0.0002839183,0.0005332281,0.0002681066],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004359515,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002142672,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001361987,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005551688,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998872,0.000005916961,0.000004290978,0.00002093346,0.00004977017,0.00003181478],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999963,0.00000639611,0.000009232735,0.000004350477,0.000007220408,0.000009802735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003191229,0.00001543307,0.00005249774,0.00005456517,0.000006575614,0.0000359704,0.000006695006,0.0003135831,0.995725,0.000228105,0.0001344955,0.003395157],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004583983,0.00002643496,0.000481536,0.00000217774,0.000005868172,0.00004760331,0.000005529856,0.002045682,0.9955732,0.00002995445,0.001771632,0.000005815791],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9750127,0.002633316,0.01407265,0.0001739259,0.0001136387,0.00007204885,0.0004346498,0.0006534572,0.006833653],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902278,0.0008177321,0.00695184,0.00003021061,0.00001199167,0.00002208199,0.0001961844,0.00003984512,0.001702161],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001361987,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00316304,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null},{"id":"W2985601352","doi":"10.1038/s41929-019-0380-x","title":"Constraining CO coverage on copper promotes high-efficiency ethylene electroproduction","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Catalysis","topic":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","field":"Energy","cited_by":394,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false},"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Science; Mitacs; Canadian Light Source; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; University of Toronto; Argonne National Laboratory; Ontario Centres of Excellence; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Ethylene; Oxygenate; Selectivity; Faraday efficiency; Copper; Electrolyte; Chemistry; Ethylene glycol; Chemical engineering; Catalysis; Inorganic chemistry; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Electrode; Physical chemistry","authors":[{"name":"Jun Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Ziyun Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christopher McCallum","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yi Xu","is_ca":true},{"name":"Fengwang Li","is_ca":true},{"name":"Yuhang Wang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Christine M. Gabardo","is_ca":true},{"name":"Cao‐Thang Dinh","is_ca":true},{"name":"Tao‐Tao Zhuang","is_ca":true},{"name":"Liang Wang","is_ca":false},{"name":"Jane Y. Howe","is_ca":false},{"name":"Yang Ren","is_ca":false},{"name":"Edward H. Sargent","is_ca":true},{"name":"David Sinton","is_ca":true}],"retraction":null,"screen_n_in":null,"score":{"opus":0.004909934527023103,"gpt":0.2440451032973126,"spread":0.2391351687702895,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline"},"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001360933,0.0004352446,0.0002507047,0.0001992635,0.0002982188,0.0005712582,0.0003915723,0.000393891,0.002314119],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005537539,0.0002200979,0.000109225,0.0002839305,0.0003548067,0.000362006,0.0004807965,0.0005705631,0.0005650669],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005653409,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000264419,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001258938,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003314481,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997784,0.00001398986,0.00001049632,0.00005457558,0.00005304164,0.00008941466],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998277,0.00006132778,0.00003127872,0.00003326498,0.00002092381,0.00002537176],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004263521,0.0001566285,0.00085437,0.0002904852,0.00002636998,0.0003300073,0.000124332,0.001199615,0.9764041,0.002632126,0.00343571,0.0141198],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001402881,0.00008914895,0.0008770984,0.000008605641,0.000006229403,0.00005589087,0.00004466109,0.002327372,0.9926581,0.0001480858,0.003759826,0.00001096655],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9810976,0.001005572,0.00306609,0.0002955983,0.0001500873,0.00002334603,0.0002109266,0.0003289032,0.013822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978992,0.0002492041,0.0003316463,0.00002474708,0.00001125721,0.000007566588,0.00007389205,0.0000322227,0.001370337],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002314119,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007741511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"labels":[],"label_agreement":null}]}